[
    {
        "question": "What is the person in the black suit in the image warning people against?",
        "context": "UN: 17 Million People Face Hunger East Africa\nNAIROBI, KENYA \u2014\u00a0\nU.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres warned Wednesday that East Africans are facing starvation and that the situation might worsen if nothing is done to avert the crisis.\nThe United Nations estimates more than 17 million people are facing hunger in nine countries. Somalia is facing its second famine in less than six years, South Sudan has declared some parts of the country in famine, and Kenya's government declared the drought there a national disaster. More than 5.5 million people are going to bed hungry in Ethiopia alone.\nGuterres, ending a visit to Kenya on Wednesday, discussed the South Sudan political and humanitarian crisis with Kenyan President Uhuru Kenyatta.\n\"We had the opportunity to discuss, to find, identify [a] point of view on how to create conditions for South Sudan to have an inclusive dialogue leading to a true peaceful settlement of the problem South Sudan faces, and at the same time with the humanitarian access to be granted to all parts of the territory,\" Guterres said.\nU.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres, right, shakes hands with Kenyan President Uhuru Kenyatta after holding a joint news conference at the State House in Nairobi, Kenya, March 8, 2017. \ufeff\ufeff\ufeffGuterres has called for more stable funding and support for African Union troops in Somalia, who are preventing extremists from taking over the country.\nThe U.N. leader said violence, looting and blocking aid from reaching those in need had worsened the situation in South Sudan and had put more than 1 million people at risk.\nGuterres said a major effort would be required to end the crisis and the suffering of the South Sudanese people.\nHope for progress\n\"We are not yet there,\" he said. \"We still have many incidents taking place, much fighting taking place, many problems taking place. But the risk of genocide has considerably diminished, and I'm hopeful that with this unity of work with African leadership, IGAD [the Intergovernmental Authority on Development, an African trade bloc], African Union and the U.N., we will be able to move in the right direction, being aware of the enormous challenge that exists.\"\nOf 17 million people in urgent need of humanitarian aid, a third live in Somalia, half that country's population. Lack of rain and constant conflict has worsened the situation there.\nGuterres visited Somalia on Tuesday, where he said the situation was complicated. He said the combination of hunger, fatal diseases, drought, and the continuing struggle to defeat al-Shabab terrorists and to create conditions under which peace could be established \"has had a devastating impact on the economy and in the lives of Somalis.\" People are suffering enormously, he said, and there is \"a clear need of support from the international community.\"\nThe U.N. refugee agency UNHCR is seeking at least $800 million to avert the crisis in Somalia.\n",
        "caption": "U.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres, right, shakes hands with Kenyan President Uhuru Kenyatta after holding a joint news conference at the State House in Nairobi, Kenya, March 8, 2017. \ufeff\ufeff\ufeffGuterres has called for more stable funding and support for African Union troops in Somalia, who are preventing extremists from taking over the country.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/6B3F7E7A-C277-402E-A94A-85A90103DCAD.jpg",
        "id": "4791_2",
        "answer": [
            "al-Shabab terrorists"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Somalia"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_08_3755920",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_08_3755920_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What would the group corresponding to the people in the image be changed to?",
        "context": "Japan Public Split on Idea to Cite Military in Constitution\nTOKYO \u2014\u00a0\nPoll results released Monday show that about half of Japan's population supports a constitutional revision that would clarify the legality of the country's military, a new approach Prime Minister Shinzo Abe is proposing as his party struggles to gain public support for a change.\nAbe proposed recently that Japan in some way indicate the existence of the Self-defense Forces, which is not spelled out in Article 9 of the constitution. The article renounces war and the use of force to settle international disputes.\nHe made the proposal this month in what was seen as a compromise, but opponents see it as a step to justify expanding Japan's military capabilities, which currently have to be kept to a minimum.\nIn the Nikkei newspaper poll, 51 percent of 1,595 respondents supported including a reference to the Self-defense Forces in Article 9. Thirty-six percent were opposed.\nRecent polls by other major media outlets also showed mixed results.\nJapan decided it had the right under the 1947 constitution to have a military for self-defense, but some legal experts have questioned that, though fewer people do so now.\nAbe and his party have maintained the constitutionality of the Self-defense Forces, saying every nation has the right of self-defense as allowed under the United Nations charter. Citing his party's position, opponents have grown skeptical over Abe's latest proposal and intention of bringing up the Self-defense Force legality issue.\nExperts say Abe's proposal could lower a hurdle for public support and may be good enough for a symbolic first change to the constitution, which Abe said he wants enacted by 2020. Japan's 70-year-old constitution has never been revised.\nJapan's ruling party has long advocated a more drastic revision, but the public generally supports the war-renouncing article. The party and its nationalistic supporters view the country's postwar constitution as the legacy of Japan's defeat in World War II and an imposition of the victor's world order and values weighing too much on individuals' rights.\nThe party-proposed revisions to the constitution released in 2012 called for upgrading the Self-defense Forces to a full armed forces and establishing a military court.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Japan's Ground Self-Defense Force troop members wait to board a plane as they start leaving South Sudan as part of the process to end their five-year participation in the ongoing U.N. peacekeeping mission in the country, April 17, 2017. Poll results released May 29 show that about half of Japan's population supports a constitutional revision that would clarify the legality of the country's military.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/7F55D63A-4E6C-4CEB-B4BD-A49CBF6CA4C1.jpg",
        "id": "1025_1",
        "answer": [
            "full armed forces"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Self-defense forces"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_29_3875405",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_29_3875405_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the people in the image increase?",
        "context": "Trump, Merkel on G-20 Collision Course Over Climate, Trade\nLONDON \u2014\u00a0\nAs police step up patrols and protesters set up camp in Hamburg, Germany, no one is expecting an easy weekend when U.S. President Donald Trump joins other heads of the world's 20 leading economies.\nTrump and German Chancellor Angela Merkel are on a collision course on issues of climate and trade, but counterterrorism efforts, recent North Korean missile tests and Chinese steel dumping could bring them together.\nMerkel pledges to work toward consensus on wider issues, but foresees no miracles in her relations with the U.S. administration.\n\u201cI do not think we will have unified positions on all issues at the end, but it is sensible and honest to talk to each other on all issues of international diplomacy,\u201d Merkel told reporters ahead of the summit.\nWATCH: Preview of G-20 meeting \nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTrump, Merkel on G-20 Collision Course on Climate, But Not on Trade\nShare this video\n0:02:49\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:49\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 8.2MB\n360p | 12.0MB\n720p | 82.0MB\nPresident Trump said he has \u201cbold\u201d plans to impose steep tariffs or quotas on steel imports, the latest and perhaps most serious of threats to protect U.S. industry, and part of his America First strategy, one that has G-20 partners feeling nervous.\n\u201cWhat he is doing is he is throwing all kinds of cards up in the air \u2014 NAFTA, critique of climate change \u2014 because he actually wants a bit of a zero base policy,\u201d said Tim Evans, a political economist at Middlesex University. \u201cI think at the end of the day he probably, of course, wants free trade in the win-win sense, but what he is trying to expose is perhaps some of the hypocrisy of countries like China who talk the talk of openness but do not always deliver. So there is going to be a real clash of the titans at this summit.\u201d\nA helicopter from the US Army lands during a drill including the US Army and German federal police ahead of the upcoming G-20 Summit near the Alster river in Hamburg, Germany, July 4, 2017.\nShock talk brings results\nAfter threatening to not stand by NATO allies unless they pay their share of defense, members pledged to boost their contributions. Trump said he would rip up the North American Free Trade Agreement, or NAFTA, and now he has a deal with Mexico on sugar exports.\nThe U.S. leader's target now is China and its cheap steel exports that are blamed for killing jobs not only in the United States, but in Britain and other G-20 states, including Germany.\nChinese officials are closely watching the direction of U.S. policy and have called on Washington to exercise caution.\nTrump's decision to withdraw the United States from the Paris climate accord has stoked the anger of demonstrators in Hamburg as well as concern among Merkel and some other G-20 leaders, but analysts say the threat of cheap Chinese steel imports could be a common cause, and take precedence.\n\u201cMany of the G-20 members are experiencing exactly the same kinds of economic forces and constraints the U.S. is facing,\u201d Shanker Singham, director of economic policy and prosperity studies at the Legatum Institute in London, told VOA. \u201cSo for example, in the U.K., the steel mills in Port Talbot and Redcar were closed because of, really, overcapacity of supply by the China steel sector. That is not very much different from what has been going on in Ohio and Pennsylvania. So I think this actually has the opportunity or a chance to get a lot of support.\u201d\nPolice officers guard the official Senate guest house of Hamburg where U.S. President Donald Trump will stay during the upcoming G-20 summit in Hamburg, Germany, July 4, 2017. Hamburg will host the G-20 summit on July 7-8.\nWait-and-see approach\nG-20 leaders, while nervous, are waiting to see what Trump actually does before taking any action, and all indications are that they are not rushing to adopt protectionist measures.\nGlobal Trade Alert, a group that monitors protectionism, this week reported a drop in the number of such measures adopted by G-20 members in the last several months compared with the same period last year.\n\u201cThe Trump administration has said a lot about 'America First' and fair trade and so forth, but they haven't actually done that much so far,\u201d said Singham. \u201cG-20 members will be looking at 'What do you really mean by this policy?' in order to determine what their response to that policy will be.\u201d\nNone of the major issues is likely to be resolved, but analysts say more clarity may emerge, given who the players are.\n\u201cThe landscape that we see looming in Hamburg is one of showmanship,\u201d said Evans. \u201dWe have a lot of unpredictability because we have a lot of very charismatic, very outspoken leaders \u2014 people like [President Recep Tayyip] Erdogan from Turkey, [Prime Minister Narendra] Modi from India, Vladimir Putin from Russia and of course President Trump. These people know how to play to global audiences.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "Police officers guard the official Senate guest house of Hamburg where U.S. President Donald Trump will stay during the upcoming G-20 summit in Hamburg, Germany, July 4, 2017. Hamburg will host the G-20 summit on July 7-8.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/88BF1833-4549-4AB8-9805-2503B8E0F76F.jpg",
        "id": "28356_3",
        "answer": [
            "patrols"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "police"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_04_3928064",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_04_3928064_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person in the image who is waving critical of?",
        "context": "Polish PM Criticizes EU Policy on Taking in Migrants\nWARSAW, POLAND \u2014\u00a0\nPoland's prime minister on Wednesday cited this week's attack in Manchester, England, in which a Polish couple died, to reinforce her government's opposition to a European Union plan to share migrants.\nBeata Szydlo spoke ahead of a parliament vote in which the opposition sought in vain to oust Defense Minister Antoni Macierewicz.\nShe praised Macierewicz, saying he wanted a strong army capable of opposing threats that include terrorism.\nCiting security reasons, her populist government is rejecting EU pressure for Poland to take in a number of migrants, even at the price of facing sanctions. The previous government, in 2015, agreed to take in up to 10,000 refugees fleeing armed conflict, but Szydlo's team reversed that decision.\nSzydlo said Poland \"will not participate in the Brussels elites' folly.\"\nShe said Poland was extending aid to people in refugee camps in the Middle East.\nConcerning the attack in which the Polish couple died, orphaning two daughters, she asked: \"Where are you headed, Europe? Rise from your knees and from your lethargy, or you will be crying over your children every day.''\nShe gave her support to Macierewicz's steps to reorganize the armed forces by arguing that Europe should decide \"whether we want politicians, who say that we need to get used to the attacks and who call terrorist attacks 'incidents,' or whether we want politicians who are strong, who see the threat and fight them, like Antoni Macierewicz.''\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Poland's Prime Minister Beata Szydlo arrives for an EU summit at Bratislava Castle in Bratislava, Slovakia, Sept. 16, 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/5188A902-9E46-4016-937B-B02427326E6F.jpg",
        "id": "240_1",
        "answer": [
            "a European Union plan to share migrants",
            "European Union plan to share migrants"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "prime minister",
            "Beata Szydlo"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_24_3869873",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_24_3869873_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What could jeopardize the mission taking place in the image?",
        "context": "UN Urges DRC to Implement December Political Deal\nUNITED NATIONS \u2014\u00a0\nThe United Nations said Tuesday that nearly three months after a political agreement was signed in the Democratic Republic of Congo, its implementation remains stalled, threatening security and stability.\n\u201cAs long as political dialogue remains in a stalemate, the tensions risk mounting,\u201d Maman Sidikou, the head of the U.N. mission in DRC, MONUSCO, warned Security Council members.\nA bleak report from the U.N. secretary-general chronicles spreading violence \u2013 including in previously stable areas, such as Tanganyika, where there has been inter-communal violence, and in Kasai and Lomami provinces, where militias have clashed with the army, killing more than 200 civilians. Mass graves also have been reported in Kasai. Last week, two U.N. experts and their four Congolese colleagues disappeared in the province and fears are growing for their safe return.\nHuman rights abuses also are alarmingly high \u2013 more than 5,000 violations last year -- the majority at the hands of state agents, primarily the police. The U.N. reports continued activity of armed groups in the country\u2019s east - including the resurgence of elements of the rebel group M23 - who were defeated in November 2013.\n\u201cThe risk of electoral violence also remains high, mainly in urban areas,\u201d Sidikou warned.\nMeanwhile, displacements remain high, with more than 2.2 million Congolese forced from their homes.\nFILE - Democratic Republic of Congo's President Joseph Kabila arrives for a southern and central African leaders' meeting to discuss the political crisis in the DRC in Luanda, Angola.\nIn December, President Joseph Kabila remained in power after his constitutional mandate expired, sparking unrest and reigniting fears that the country of 67 million would slide backwards and return to violence and civil war. The country is still trying to work its way through the political crisis, towards elections later this year.\nBut there have been significant obstacles along the way. A deal signed between the government and opposition on December 31, 2016 has not been implemented, and in February, 84-year-old opposition leader Etienne Tshisekedi died. There also have been disagreements between the two sides over designating a candidate for prime minister.\n\u201cThe government has no intention of trying to delay implementation of the [December 31, 2016] agreement,\u201d Congolese Foreign Minister Leonard She Okitundu told the council. He noted that the parties resumed negotiations on March 16 and that he is optimistic they will bridge their differences.\nHe said President Kabila is determined to continue the process toward organizing elections, and said close to 12 million voters have been registered of an anticipated 41 million throughout the country.\nLargest UN Peacekeeping Mission\nThe peacekeeping mission in the DRC is the United Nations' largest, with 20,000 troops and police, and its most costly, at more than $1.2 billion annually to operate. The Kabila government is eager to see the mission wind down and withdraw, while some Security Council members are looking to streamline its size and expense.\nThe mission\u2019s mandate is up for renewal before the end of this month, and council members are debating what changes are necessary.\nFILE - Two MONUSCO UN soldiers stand guard in Goma's port.\n\u201cThere was some support for a reduction in numbers [of peacekeepers], but also some concern that this year in particular -- with elections coming up by the end of the year -- is not the moment to reduce in any way the ability of MONUSCO to provide protection of civilians,\u201d Council President British Ambassador Matthew Rycroft told reporters.\nDue to the increasing threat of violence, the U.N. chief has asked for two additional police units for areas likely to be \u201celectoral hotspots\u201d - Lubumbashi and Kananga. He also has recommended the possible deployment of additional \u201cspecialized capabilities,\u201d including intelligence assets and specialized ground troops. He said that would be accomplished by reducing other MONUSCO troops, not requiring an increase in the current force size.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Maman Sambo Sidikou (C), former Nigerian politician, Special Representative for the Democratic Republic of Congo and Head of the United Nations Organisation Stabilization Mission in DRC (MONUSCO) speaks during the opening of a Congolese \"National Dialogue\" in the Democratic Republic of Congo's capital Kinshasa on September 1, 2016. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/1233DBD1-3558-483B-B504-38C7CB586BE3.jpg",
        "id": "30108_1_1",
        "answer": [
            "political dialogue"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "MONUSCO"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_21_3775929",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_21_3775929_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in the image with the grey tie create?",
        "context": "Obama Health Care Legacy: Coverage, Conflict and Questions\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nAlthough his signature law is in jeopardy, President Barack Obama's work reshaping health care in America is certain to endure in the broad public support for many of its underlying principles, along with conflicts over how to secure them.\nThe belief that people with medical problems should be able to get health insurance is no longer challenged. The issue seems to be how to guarantee that. The idea that government should help those who can't afford their premiums has gained acceptance. The question is how much, and for what kind of coverage.\n\"The American people have now set new standards for access to health care based on the Affordable Care Act,\" former Surgeon General David Satcher says. \"I don't believe it will ever be acceptable again to have 50 million people without access to health care.\"\nObama's influence will continue in other ways, less visible and hardly divisive:\nMedicare is shifting to paying for value, not just volume.\nThe importance of prevention and front-line primary care is more widely recognized.\nDoctors and hospitals have computerized their records systems, even if connectivity remains elusive.\nThe government has opened up massive files of health care billing data, enabling independent analysts to look for patterns of questionable spending.\nBut conflict is part of Obama's legacy, too. He leaves the country deeply divided about the government's role in health care.\nPassed with no Republican votes, the 2010 health care law broke the pattern of major safety net programs like Social Security, Medicare and Medicaid, which had bipartisan backing. Social Security has stood for more than 80 years; Medicare and Medicaid for more than 50.\n\"If Medicare had been repealed, stories about Lyndon Johnson would have been different,\" said Robert Blendon, professor of health policy at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. \"A legacy is whether you did something that was sustained.\" Johnson was the Democratic president who won approval of Medicare and Medicaid in 1965.\nAlready, the Republican-led Congress, taking its lead from President-elect Donald Trump, has started the process of repealing and replacing the health law.\n\"Approaches that partisan are difficult to sustain as lasting, permanent features of the health care system,\" said Mark McClellan, Medicare administrator under Republican President George W. Bush.\nObama also failed to deliver on early promises to cut premiums. From 2009-2016, the amount employees pay in premiums for workplace coverage rose by hundreds of dollars, according to the nonpartisan Kaiser Family Foundation. And the average deductible \u2014 the annual amount patients pay before insurance kicks in \u2014 went from $533 to $1,221, an increase of nearly 130 percent.\nThe achievements and difficulties of the Obama years are reflected in people such as Karen Rezny.\n\"I really do credit Obamacare with saving my life,\" said Rezny, a massage therapist from Austin, Texas.\nThe health care law, or ACA, enabled her to get better treatment for advanced breast cancer. She was uninsured when diagnosed. Before the law, insurers would have rejected her because of her medical condition. Even with a subsidized premium, Rezny said she still struggles with cost.\n\"What I would hope is that we would look back and say (Obama) got the ball rolling, and then we continue,\" said Rezny. \"He took health care off the House and Senate floor \u2014 out of theoretical talk by people who are guaranteed lifetime health care \u2014 and actually allowed the people to experience it and have it.\"\nWhen the law passed, 48.6 million people were uninsured, according to the government. Through the first six months of last year, that dropped to 28.4 million. While employer coverage also grew as the economy strengthened, experts credit the ACA for most of the progress. The law provides subsidized private insurance along with a Medicaid expansion for low-income people.\n\"It would have never been done without the focus and insistence of this president that we go big,\" said Kathleen Sebelius, Obama's first secretary of Health and Human Services.\nObama set his sights high, but execution was a problem. When HealthCare.gov went live in 2013, the computer system quickly froze. It took a high-tech rescue effort to get things working for consumers.\nThe law's complexity also tripped people up. It uses the income tax system to subsidize premiums. Some HealthCare.gov customers saw their tax refunds reduced because they underestimated their incomes when applying for subsidies. Fines on those who remained uninsured hit people in their 30s trying to get traction in life. Officials in many states were alarmed by rising Medicaid spending.\nWhen Republicans won control of the House in 2010, Obama was effectively blocked from legislating fixes. The administration used regulations to try smooth out the law's rough edges, while successfully fighting off two Supreme Court cases that would have gutted it.\nIn the face of problems, the White House ceaselessly talked up the benefits of the law. Among the controversial claims was that the law deserved much credit for a historic slowdown in national health care spending from 2009-2013.\n\"Just nonsense,\" said Rick Foster, formerly Medicare's chief actuary, in charge of long-range estimates. \"Far and away the biggest cause of the slowdown was the Great Recession. That is not to say that the Affordable Care Act didn't have some impact, but I think that was small compared to the effect of the recession and the weak recovery.\"\nHistory shows that America's social programs got built in stages. Automatic cost-of-living increases weren't part of Social Security originally. Medicare didn't get a prescription benefit for nearly 40 years.\nKris Case of Denver hopes that somehow, something like that can happen with Obama's overhaul. She works in customer relations for a technology company and buys coverage through the Colorado insurance marketplace.\n\"Think of all the work that has gone into this imperfect thing,\" said Case, \"and to just tear it down to make a point, rather than say it's flawed but we can fix it.\n\"Just because you need to do the top floor doesn't mean you level the entire complex.\"\n",
        "caption": "President Barack Obama arrives on Capitol Hill in Washington, Jan. 4, 2017, to meet with members of Congress to discuss his signature healthcare law. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/148EBBB9-ED46-42C4-81CD-11674F74925D.jpg",
        "id": "1577_1",
        "answer": [
            "the 2010 health care law"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "law"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_10_3670840",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_10_3670840_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What view did the person in the middle of the image supposedly offend?",
        "context": "Indonesia Names Islamist Leader a Suspect in Pornography Case\nJAKARTA \u2014\u00a0\nIndonesian police on Monday named an Islamist leader as a suspect in the exchange of pornographic messages and photos, a new legal threat to a cleric who helped organize mass Muslim rallies against Jakarta's former Christian governor.\nHabib Rizieq, a firebrand cleric who heads the hardline Islamic Defenders Forum (FPI), has also been made a suspect in a separate investigation over allegations he insulted the secular state ideology in the Muslim-majority nation.\nPresident Joko Widodo appears to be taking a tougher stance against fundamentalism and has said he would not tolerate any individuals or organizations that undermine the secular state ideology \"Pancasila\", or threaten Indonesia's tradition of pluralism.\nReligious and political tensions have soared in the last six months with Islamist-led rallies targeting the Jakarta governor, Basuki Tjahaja Purnama, an ethnic Chinese Christian who was jailed this month for insulting the Koran.\nThe government recently moved to disband Hizb ut-Tahrir, an Islamist group that calls for a state based on sharia and also backed the protests against Purnama, an ally of Widodo.\nRizieq, who has spent years preaching conservative Islamic values, is accused of violating Indonesia's strict anti-pornography laws by exchanging graphic messages and nude pictures with a woman.\nJakarta police spokesman Argo Yuwono confirmed Rizieq had been made a suspect, meaning the case is likely to go to court.\n\"The main crime is participating in and transmitting pornographic content,\" Yuwono said in a telephone text message.\nRizieq's lawyer, Sugitmo Atmo Pawiro, denied the allegations, saying they had been fabricated by supporters of Purnama.\nRizieq is currently overseas after flying to Malaysia and then to Saudi Arabia. He has not returned to Indonesia despite repeated summons for questioning by police.\nHis lawyer denied that the cleric had fled Indonesia because of his legal troubles.\nAn FPI spokesman said the legal complaints against Rizieq were \"unfounded\".\n\"This has all been engineered to criminalize the clerics,\" said Novel Bamukmin, head of the FPI's Jakarta chapter.\n\"The police need to investigate who really produced and distributed that transcript,\" he said.\nRizieq served prison terms in 2003 and 2008 for violence and disrupting public order.\n",
        "caption": "Leader of Islamic Defenders Front (FPI) Habib Rizieq (C) talks to reporters at a court after the blasphemy trial of Jakarta's incumbent governor Basuki Tjahaja Purnama, also known as Ahok, in Jakarta, Indonesia, Feb. 28, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/9921541E-C863-4412-9ACD-4C409C11AA50.jpg",
        "id": "24000_1",
        "answer": [
            "the secular state ideology"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Habib Rizieq"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_29_3875442",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_29_3875442_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is happening to the homeland of the fighters in the photo",
        "context": "Syria's Assad Mocks Delay of Assault on Raqqa\nThe start date of the offensive to oust Islamic State fighters from the city of Raqqa and end the terror group\u2019s state-building project has been announced several times in the past few months, often with great fanfare by commanders in the Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces, the United States' ground ally in northern Syria.\nThe last announcement came in March when Kurdish commanders said an assault on the city would begin April 1.\nTwo weeks later that start date, like many others, has come and gone, prompting the months-long question \u2014 when will the U.S.-backed SDF offensive shift gears from isolating Raqqa, which is hemmed in on three sides now, to mounting an assault to retake the capital of the jihadists\u2019 self-styled caliphate?\nOver the weekend, Syrian President Bashar al-Assad told the French news agency AFP he would support whomever wants to oust Islamic State militants from Raqqa, but mocked the delay in an assault on the city, which U.S. officials believe is being defended by around 4,000 IS fighters.\n\u201cWhat we hear is only allegations about liberating Raqqa. We\u2019ve been hearing that for nearly a year now, or less than a year, but nothing happened on the ground,\u201d he said. \u201cIt\u2019s not clear who is going to liberate Raqqa\u2026It\u2019s not clear yet.\"\nNo firm answer about a new start date was forthcoming on Saturday from U.S. Secretary of Defense Jim Mattis when he met in Washington with his Turkish counterpart, Fikri Isik.\nThe Turkish defense minister again complicated the U.S. effort to choreograph an agreement among multiple local and international players about a Raqqa offensive by pressing Ankara\u2019s long-standing demand for the U.S. to end its alliance with the Kurdish People\u2019s Protection Units, or YPG, whose fighters dominate the ranks of the SDF.\nThere were no signs that the Turkish request made persistently by Ankara in recent months, and relayed by President Recep Tayyip Erdogan during a February phone call with U.S. President Donald Trump, will be heeded. U.S. officials say they envisage the Raqqa battle will resemble the fight in neighboring Iraq, where local indigenous forces have been waging the struggle to retake the northern city of Mosul, the last IS major urban stronghold in that country. Some 500 U.S. special forces soldiers deployed in northern Syria are helping to train and advise SDF units.\nA Syrian Democratic Forces(SDF) fighter walks near destroyed airplane parts inside Tabqa military airport after taking control of it from Islamic State fighters, west of Raqqa city, April 9, 2017.\nMattis later said at a press conference the U.S. remains in solidarity with Ankara when it comes to fighting Islamic State militants and Turkey\u2019s outlawed Kurdistan Workers' Party, or PKK, but he made no mention of discontinuing the alliance with the YPG, the armed wing of Syria\u2019s Democratic Union Party, or PYD.\nThe Turks, who fear the emergence of a Kurdish state in north Syria, maintain there\u2019s no real distinction between the PYD and the PKK, which has been waging an insurgency in Turkey for more than three decades.\nMattis cited the long security relationship between the U.S. and Turkey, dating back to 1952 when Turkey joined NATO; but, in the wake of Sunday\u2019s constitutional referendum that greatly enhances the Turkish president's powers, analysts say it is unclear how much Erdogan values his country\u2019s alliance with the West, and whether his slim victory will embolden him to disrupt a Raqqa assault by the SDF.\nEarlier this month, Erdogan ramped up the pressure on Washington, saying his government is planning new offensives in northern Syria this spring against groups deemed terrorist organizations by Ankara, including IS and the PYD's militia.\nIn March, Turkish forces escalated attacks on the YPG in northern Syria, forcing the U.S. to deploy a small number of forces in and around the town of Manbij to the northwest of Raqqa to \u201cdeter\u201d Turkish-SDF clashes and ensure the focus remains on Islamic State.\nMeanwhile, Raqqa is being pummeled by airstrikes mounted by U.S.-led coalition forces and Syrian warplanes. Local anti-IS activists say the air raids fail to distinguish between military and non-military targets; however, with IS fighters seeded throughout the city and surrounding villages, being able to draw a distinction is become increasingly challenging, say U.S. officials.\n\u201cCivilians are now [caught] between the criminal terrorists on one side and the international coalition\u2019s indiscriminate bombing on the other side,\u201d said Hamoud Almousa, a founding member of the activist network Raqqa is Being Slaughtered Silently, which is opposed to an assault on the city being led by the YPG.\n\u201cLiberating [Raqqa] does not come by burning it and destroying it over its people who have suffered a lot from the terrorist group\u2019s violations,\u201d he added.\nThe Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, a London-based monitoring group that relies on a network of activists for its information, said that four civilians \u2014 two women and two children \u2014 were killed Monday in an airstrike believed to have been carried out by coalition warplanes on the Teshreen Farm area north of Raqqa.\nThe Observatory says between March 1 and April 10, airstrikes killed 224 civilians. They included 38 children under the age of 18, and 37 women.\nAnother mainly Arab anti-IS activist network, Eye on the Homeland, complains at the lack of international condemnation about the civilian casualties from the airstrikes, arguing civilians caught in the conflict are being treated inhumanely.\n\u201cWe assert that the liberation of civilians from all forms of terrorism requires that military forces acting in the area avoid civilian killing, displacement, and the destruction of their properties whenever possible,\u201d the network said recently on its website.\nIt warned the deaths will \u201cbe used to by terrorist organizations in their propaganda to convince civilians that these military forces do not have their interests at heart\u201d and will \u201conly further fuel radicalization.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) fighters shoot a drone they said belonged to Islamic State fighters on the bank of the Euphrates river, west of Raqqa city, April 8, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/6D4AE5F3-09FD-4391-996A-168CCDAB0232.jpg",
        "id": "2931_1",
        "answer": [
            "being pummeled by airstrikes"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Raqqa "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_17_3813147",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_17_3813147_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "How are the plants shown in the image searched for?",
        "context": "Mexican Cartels Moving Drug Crops Into Oaxaca State\nMEXICO CITY \u2014\u00a0\nA Mexican army general said his forces are increasingly coming under fire from drug traffickers protecting opium poppy plantations in Oaxaca state, where opium growers are moving production to take advantage of mountainous terrain and impoverished villages.\nGen. Alfonso Duarte Mujica said Wednesday that army patrols were fired at twice this week as they tried to cut down poppy plantations in western Oaxaca.\nOn Monday, an army helicopter searching for poppy fields was hit by gunfire from the ground, damaging the fuel tank. The chopper landed safely.\nHe said a third army patrol was blocked from reaching about 30 poppy fields they could plainly see in the distance, by a demonstration of Indian residents, mostly women and children. Armed with only sticks and machetes, the Triquis stood in front of soldiers and refused to move.\nWalking a thin line\nDuarte Mujica said the farm communities were being recruited by the cartels and acknowledged the army is walking a thin line in Oaxaca, where Indian communities jealously guard their territories and their rights.\nAny confrontation with Indians would be a public relations disaster.\n\u201cThe presence of the military in this and other areas of the state is because of the important presence of opium poppy and marijuana fields that the drug cartels have been planting in the mountains of Oaxaca,'' Duarte Mujica said. \u201cI want to repeat that the Defense Department and particularly the soldiers of the 8th Region are respectful and sympathize with the traditions and practices of each of the Indian groups in Oaxaca state.\u201d\nDangerous shift in Oaxaca\nThe shift to Oaxaca has officials worried. The state is better known for its colonial capital and beaches, but its large impoverished Indian population and mountainous terrain could make it ideal for growing opium.\nThe Mexican army faces a delicate task in moving into Oaxaca's notoriously conflictive Triqui Indian communities.\nThe region has seen three Triqui groups locked in a decades-long armed struggle that has led to dozens of killings.\nArmy told to leave the area\nOne of those groups, known as the Triqui Unification and Struggle Movement, demanded this week that the army be withdrawn completely from the area.\n\u201cNow we have the Mexican army coming in by land under the pretext of searching for poppy plantations. They staged incursions all last week in our territory, and found only corn fields and more cornfields,\u201d the movement said in a statement. \u201cGet the army out of Triqui territory! No to the militarization of our country's indigenous lands!\u201d\nThe idea that authorities are finding only corn fields is questionable; in recent months, unusually large poppy fields have been found in Oaxaca, whereas opium production used to be centered in neighboring Guerrero state.\nIncreasing army raids in Guerrero \u2014 and the presence of a large number of violent small drug gangs who fight among themselves for the business of buying opium paste from farmers \u2014 have apparently made Oaxaca more attractive. And Oaxaca Indian groups like the Triquis have a long history of armed resistance. Dozens have been killed in the violence, including a Finnish rights observer.\nOpium fields growing in size\nOne striking aspect is the size of the opium fields the army is finding in Oaxaca. In Guerrero, such plantations rarely measure more than an acre (half hectare).\nBut in February, federal police found a pair of poppy fields in another part of Oaxaca that measured almost 37 acres (15 hectares).\nAltogether, in the last year, Duarte Mujica said troops had destroyed a total of 1,747 acres (707 hectares) of poppy and marijuana fields, most of them poppies.\n",
        "caption": "A man stands in a poppy field in the Sierra Madre del Sur mountains of Guerrero state, Mexico. A Mexican army general said, March 15, 2017, his forces are increasingly coming under fire from drug traffickers protecting opium poppy fields in Oaxaca state.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/95418E6A-E239-459C-A3EC-D45F1A3230D1.jpg",
        "id": "29969_1",
        "answer": [
            "helicopter"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "poppy "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_16_3769630",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_16_3769630_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the branch of the people driving in the image test?",
        "context": "Chinese Military Conducts Live-Fire Drills, Weapons Tests\nBEIJING \u2014\u00a0\nChina's military has conducted live-fire drills and weapons tests in the northeastern Bohai Sea close to the Korean peninsula, the country's defense ministry said on Tuesday.\nIn a brief statement late on Tuesday, the ministry said the tests of new missiles and weapons were carried out by the People's Liberation Army's Rocket Force \"in recent days\" and were designed to raise operational capability so as to effectively deal with national security threats. No further details were provided.\nChinese President Xi Jinping is overseeing a sweeping modernization of the country's armed forces, with an emphasis on technological innovation and naval capability as it seeks to project greater power in the disputed South China Sea.\nWhile no other country has claims in the busy Bohai Sea, the drills come amid heightened tension on the Korean peninsula, including Chinese anger at the deployment of the U.S. anti-missile defense system THAAD in South Korea last month.\nAt a regular news briefing last month, China's defense ministry responded to questions about the THAAD deployment by foreshadowing the weapons tests, saying they were necessary to safeguard its national security.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A tank of the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) Marine Corps fires during a military drill at a military base in Taonan, Jilin province.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D11FF470-AD14-4112-98B7-3B597017E524.jpg",
        "id": "23064_1",
        "answer": [
            "new missiles and weapons"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "People's Liberation Army"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_09_3844622",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_09_3844622_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Why can the type of object in the image that the woman is using not be moved to a neighboring country?",
        "context": "South Korea Reaffirms THAAD Deployment Despite Growing Opposition\nAmid reports that China may be bringing economic retribution against South Korea for the deployment of Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD), Seoul vowed a swift deployment of the U.S. anti-missile system.\nActing South Korean President Hwang Kyo-ahn said Monday his country will move ahead with the THAAD deployment plan because the anti-missile system is a \"prerequisite\" to enhance the country's defensive capabilities.\nThe decision to deploy THAAD in South Korea came in early July, drawing vehement objection from China, which insists the system would compromise its regional security interests. Some South Korean opposition leaders also are calling for a delay or cancellation of the deployment. The U.S. and South Korea, however, believe the system is necessary to counter growing missile threats emanating from North Korea. The two allies agreed to complete the deployment by the end of this year. \nFILE - Acting South Korean President Hwang Kyo-ahn speaks during a press conference at the government complex in Seoul, South Korea, Dec. 9, 2016.\nChina's retaliatory sanctions\nIn response to the THAAD deployment, China has reportedly been deploying economic retaliatory measures against its neighbor since late last year \u2014 including capping the number of its tourists into South Korea, restricting the import of South Korean cosmetics, barring a number of South Korean entertainers from performing in China, and rejecting the plan of South Korean airlines to operate chartered flights to China.\nChinese authorities also began tax audits and safety and hygiene inspections of the Chinese units of Lotte International. That company owns the golf course in South Korea's southeast county of Seongju that was selected to house the first THAAD battery.\nRichard Bush of the Washington-based Brookings Institution called China's action \"the heavy-handed tactics\" to push South Korea to reverse the decision.\n\"This kind of tactics just deepens the fear that many in South Korea have about China's long-term intentions,\" said Bush, director of the Center for Northeast Asian Policy Studies at the Brookings Institution. \"And if China is trying to split, drive a wedge between the United States and South Korea, the impact may be to move them closer together.\"\nFILE - A customer tries a lipstick at a shop in central Seoul, South Korea, Aug. 6, 2013. Chinese sanctions against South Korea include restricting the import of South Korean cosmetics.\nThomas Karako, senior fellow with the International Security Program at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, said China's indirect, retaliatory measures over the THAAD deployment would only stiffen the resolve of South Korea. He called the Chinese intervention \"short-sighted.\"\nNorth Korean threat\nKarako said that in order to shield itself against Pyongyang's growing threats, Seoul will need to opt for \"some kind of defensive capability greater than what is there today,\" and Beijing's continued interference will only sour bilateral relations.\n\"The THAAD deployment and other deployments to have a defensive means against these threats is a very limited and reasonable response, and China should take that into account,\" he added.\nUnidentified U.S. officials on Thursday said North Korea may be preparing for an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) test launch after South Korean media reported movement of what could be components of an upgraded ICBM.\nThe sighting of objects believed to be the lower half of an ICBM at North Korea's main missile launching site was reported by South Korean media Wednesday.\nFILE - A new engine for an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) is tested at a test site at Sohae Space Center in Cholsan County, North Pyongan province, in North Korea in this undated photo released by North Korea's Korean Central News Agency (KCNA).\nGordon Chang, who writes extensively on China, anticipated that China's retaliation would not last long.\n\"I think though that China is huffing and puffing to a certain extent because they are not going to start a war with South Korea,\" said Chang, a lawyer and the author of The Coming Collapse of China.\nWhen asked how President Donald Trump, who was sworn in Friday, should cope with China's strong protest against the deployment of the missile defense system, Chang said the U.S. should take similar retaliatory measures against China's trade with the U.S. to support South Korea.\n\"It's important for Washington to back its allies on issues that are not only critical to South Korea but to the United States,\" Chang said.\nDefensive measure\nKarako suggested Washington and Seoul should move forward on their mutual interest for defense, irrespective of political and economic pressure from Beijing.\n\"Appeasing China in the interests of easing the tension may not be the right solution,\" Karako said. \"The tension may be resolved only by the Chinese acceptance that defensive measures are necessary.\"\nHe also advised the Trump administration to accelerate the pace of the deployment plan, given North Korea's fast-growing nuclear and ballistic capabilities.\nDouglas Paal, vice president for studies and director of the Asia program at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, called for the U.S. to ratchet up pressure on nuclear-armed North Korea.\n\"The U.S., together with the ROK [South Korea] and others, should continue calmly to point the finger of blame at North Korea's disruptive weapons development, and the ROK-U.S. side should deploy secondary sanctions against the North,\" Paal said.\nBaik Sungwon contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A customer tries a lipstick at a shop in central Seoul, South Korea, Aug. 6, 2013. Chinese sanctions against South Korea include restricting the import of South Korean cosmetics.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/3C90E3BE-4AFE-4FD5-A511-3350F0ADEDC4.jpg",
        "id": "23745_3",
        "answer": [
            "In response to the THAAD deployment"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "cosmetics"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_23_3688634",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_23_3688634_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What event had implications for the people in the image?",
        "context": "A Year After Justice Scalia's Death, US in Uncharted Political Territory\nWhen Supreme Court Justice Antonin Scalia was found dead at a remote Texas resort, a high-stakes political moment arose for former President Barack Obama. \nThe timing, one year ago this week, was tricky: Obama was less than one year away from the end of his time in office, and the race for the next president was well underway.\nFILE - Students watch a live broadcast of the presidential debate between Democratic presidential candidate Hillary Clinton and Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump, at a cafe in Beijing.\nScalia\u2019s death was sudden, and his vacancy on the Supreme Court had the potential to tip the balance of the court, putting liberal-minded justices in charge for the first time since former President Richard Nixon was in office. \nMuch depended on which president chose the next justice: Obama, or his successor after the presidential election in November. The battle over that question still shapes U.S. politics today.\nIn this Oct. 18, 2011 file photo, U.S. Supreme Court justice Antonin Scalia looks into the balcony before addressing the Chicago-Kent College Law justice in Chicago.\nScalia, a provocative, controversial, charismatic and highly respected justice, was a staunch conservative and a forceful originalist \u2014 that is, a justice whose interpretation of the U.S. Constitution is based on discerning what the Founding Fathers intended in 1787.\nIn other words, to Scalia the Constitution was not a guideline that evolved throughout history, nor should it be approached as anything other than what it was. \n\"I will stipulate that [originalism] is not perfect,\" Scalia said during a 2010 lecture at the University of Virginia. But \"in ease of lawyerly application, never mind legitimacy and predictability, it far surpasses the competition.\"\nMoving quickly, Obama nominated Judge Merrick Garland just a month later to fill the court vacancy. \nFILE - From left, Vice President Joe Biden listens as President Barack Obama announces the nomination of federal appeals court judge Merrick Garland for the Supreme Court, in the White House Rose Garden, Washington, March 16, 2016.\nGarland, the chief judge for the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit, is widely viewed as a centrist judge who, if confirmed, would be a voice of moderation on the court.\nIn the days following Scalia's death, most political analysts predicted a nomination by Obama would be contentious \u2014 and it was.\nRepublicans responded to Obama\u2019s pick by refusing to vet him. Invoking the so-called \u201cThurmond rule,\u201d senators argued that the vacancy should be filled by the next president.\nThe Thurmond rule is not a law. Rather, it is an unwritten rule that says a judicial nominee should not be confirmed in the months leading up to an election. It dates to 1968, when Senator Strom Thurmond, a Republican of South Carolina, blocked President Lyndon B. Johnson\u2019s appointment of Justice Abe Fortas as chief justice.\nThe administration, in turn, argued that Obama was bound to fill the seat under the U.S. Constitution. \n\u201cI\u2019m going to fulfill my constitutional responsibilities to nominate a successor in due time,\u201d said Obama shortly after Scalia\u2019s death was confirmed. \u201cThere will be plenty of time for me to do so, and for the Senate to fulfill its responsibility to give that person a fair hearing and a timely vote.\" \nBut congressional Republicans retorted that Obama should let the \u201cpeople decide,\u201d a reference to the November presidential election.\nAnd they pledged to block any consideration of Garland. They fulfilled that promise, blocking the nomination from going forward all the way up to and past the election of Donald Trump. \nOn January 3, the Merrick nomination expired.\nThe GOP strategy paid off politically, giving Trump the court vacancy to fill, and setting a new precedent: It was the first time an election-season Supreme Court pick by an outgoing president had been successfully blocked.\nFILE - President Donald Trump shakes hands with 10th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Neil Gorsuch, his choice for Supreme Court associate justice in the East Room of the White House in Washington, Jan. 31, 2017.\nJudge Neil Gorsuch, a conservative and constitutional originalist in the mold of Scalia, was Trump\u2019s choice. \n\u201cWhen Justice Scalia passed away suddenly last February, I made a promise to the American people: If I were elected president, I would find the very best judge in the country for the Supreme Court,\" said Trump during a public event at the White House, announcing his candidate. \"Judge Gorsuch has outstanding legal skills, a brilliant mind, tremendous discipline and has earned bipartisan support.\u201d\nIf he is confirmed, Gorsuch would bring back the 5-4 split between conservatives and liberals on the court.\nAnd the court\u2019s swing vote would return to Justice Anthony M. Kennedy, whose rulings have been on both the left and right of the political spectrum.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Justices of the U.S. Supreme Court sit for their official photograph in Washington, Oct. 8, 2010.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/82DBB2A6-0988-46D1-9DFF-AEC0D4E71D63.jpg",
        "id": "20672_1",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "Scalia\u2019s death"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Justices of the U.S. Supreme Court",
            "justices"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_14_3724537",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_14_3724537_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What usually happens at places like those in the image?",
        "context": "Two Influential Somali Clerics Reject Violence as Ramadan Begins\nBased on confirmed sightings of Ramadan's new moon crescent, millions of Muslims around the world are fasting on the first day of the holy month. According to Islam, the sighting of the new moon marks the beginning of the Muslim lunar month of Ramadan.\nThirty-three countries, mainly those in which the majority of residents are Sunni Muslims, officially started Ramadan on Saturday. Bangladesh, Pakistan, India and Shi'ite Muslims in Iraq declared Sunday to be their first day of Ramadan.\nDuring Ramadan, which is the holiest and the ninth month of the Islamic lunar calendar, Muslims abstain from food, drink, sex and immoral acts from sunrise to sunset. It is one of the most important Muslim practices \u2014 the Five Pillars of Islam \u2014 and just the second below the shahada, which is the sincere recitation of the Muslim profession of faith.\nIn Ramadan, fasting and carrying out the other Islamic obligations provide the framework of a Muslim's life.\nBut in contrast with these Islamic values, the Islamic State and other terrorist groups in the world, like al-Shabab in Somalia, use the holy month to call for more violence against the West and other Muslim counties by attacking innocents and civilians.\nAn Afghan man reads the Quran at a mosque on the first day of the holy month of Ramadan in Kabul, Afghanistan, May 27, 2017.\nThis year, Ramadan begins as the world mourns the loss of innocent victims of barbaric terrorist attacks in the United Kingdom and Egypt.\nMessages from clerics\nModerate Muslim clerics across the world started Ramadan with messages to the world emphasizing that acts of terrorism and violence are directly contrary to the spirit of Ramadan.\n\"Ramadan is a month of peace, love and respect for all, but not a month of violence and bloodshed. Those calling for mayhem do not represent Islam and Muslims,\" said Sheikh Bashir Ahmed Salad, an influential cleric and the chairman of the Council of Religious Scholars of Somalia.\nIn Britain, Muslim leaders called for calm and special prayers for the victims of the Manchester bombing.\nAmerican Muslim men perform tarawih prayers to mark the start of Ramadan outside the Islamic Society of Bay Ridge in Brooklyn, N.Y., May 26, 2017.\nMuslims in America are observing Ramadan this year for the first time under President Donald Trump. In a statement on Ramadan, Trump focused on violence and terrorism.\n\"At its core, the spirit of Ramadan strengthens awareness of our shared obligation to reject violence, to pursue peace, and to give to those in need who are suffering from poverty or conflict,\" Trump's statement said.\nImam Sharif Mohamed of Islamic Civic Society of America at Dar Al-Hijrah Mosque in Minneapolis said the president's message was different from the Ramadan massages of former Presidents Barack Obama and George W. Bush.\nPeople buy vegetables on the first day of the Muslim holy fasting month of Ramadan at a market in Tunis, Tunisia, May 27, 2017.\n\"Unlike Obama and George Bush, Trump mainly focused on the fight against terrorism in his Ramadan statement,\" said Sharif. \"His statement only represented his election campaign and the anti-Muslim rhetoric he was notorious with.\"\nTaking Heart\nIn Minnesota, the Muslim American Society and Minnesota Council of Churches continue a program called Taking Heart to bring Christians and members of other faith communities together with Muslims for food and conversation.\n\"For many years, Minnesota mosques and Islamic Community Centers and mosques like ours, we have been running such programs where we sit with non-Muslim neighbors for a traditional Ramadan iftar, inviting a time of learning and encounter,\" Sharif said.\nA cannon fires a ceremonial shot to start iftar, the evening meal for breaking fast, on the first day of the holy fasting month of Ramadan at Sultanahmet Square in Istanbul, Turkey, May 27, 2017.\n\"Our faith, Islamic faith, obliges us to follow the message of tolerance, co-existence, and to publicly condemn violence, extremism, any form of that,\" he said.\nGrowing in popularity, Taking Heart saw more than 800 non-Muslims attend open-house iftar dinners in 2016.\n",
        "caption": "An Afghan man reads the Quran at a mosque on the first day of the holy month of Ramadan in Kabul, Afghanistan, May 27, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/594C847A-99CF-411C-8FC8-08062F2F0C0C.jpg",
        "id": "22359_2",
        "answer": [
            "traditional Ramadan iftar",
            "None",
            "running such programs where we sit with non-Muslim neighbors for a traditional Ramadan iftar, inviting a time of learning and encounter"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "mosque"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_27_3873940",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_27_3873940_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in the white shirt in the image do?",
        "context": "Kenya Governor Says Police Blocking Him From Kenyatta Event\nNAIROBI \u2014\u00a0\nThe governor of Kenya's second largest city says paramilitary police have surrounded his home and office to prevent him from attending a presidential event and answering accusations of corruption.\nMombasa Gov. Ali Hassan Joho's aide said Sunday he would attend the event to answer President Uhuru Kenyatta, who has suggested that Joho misappropriated millions of dollars.\nJoho said Monday he managed to sneak out of his house in his brother's car but was stopped at a roadblock by officers who said the president ordered that he be prevented from attending.\nKenyatta during a campaign rally on Sunday said Joho should explain how he had used $389 million allocated over four years. Joho says Mombasa county was allocated $166 million.\nKenya holds presidential elections in August. Joho is not a candidate.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Mombasa County Governor elect Hassan Ali Joho, right, of the CORD party, is congratulated by some of his supporters after the IEBC declared him the winner to become the first Governor for Mombasa town, March 7, 2013.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/6ECB50F2-4455-47CC-8030-23E50A12BFEA.jpg",
        "id": "31445_1_1",
        "answer": [
            "misappropriated millions of dollars"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Joho"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_13_3763003",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_13_3763003_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the man on the image do?",
        "context": "Venezuela High Court Drops Bid to Cement Maduro Rule\nVenezuela's Supreme Court said Saturday that it would abandon measures to strengthen President Nicolas Maduro's grip on power after it was widely and harshly criticized.\nIn a ruling posted on its website, the Supreme Court said it was overturning its decision to diminish the legislative powers of the General Assembly, which opponents called a \"coup d'etat\".\nPowerful Attorney General Luisa Ortega denounced two rulings announced late Wednesday, which effectively dissolved the opposition-majority legislature and revoked lawmakers' immunity from prosecution.\n\"It constitutes a rupture of the constitutional order,\" Ortega said in a speech on state television. \"It's my obligation to express my great concern to the country.\"\nA defiant Maduro defended the supreme court in an appearance Friday on state television and vowed to resolve the impasse between the attorney general and the court \"through dialogue and the constitution.\u201d\nVenezuela's President Nicolas Maduro gestures during a meeting with supporters in Caracas, March 31, 2017.\nMaduro said he called \u201cupon the National Security Council to today at night, to deliberate and draw a resolution that will strengthen the Venezuelan constitution and give peace and tranquility to Venezuela.\"\nHe said in a speech to cheering supporters late Friday: \"In Venezuela, the constitution, civil, political and human rights and people power are in full force.\"\nMaduro's opponents and international powers, including the United States and governments across Latin America, condemned the Venezuelan Supreme Court rulings.\nThe United Nations' top human rights official expressed \u201cgrave concern'' and called on the high court to reverse its decision.\nThe head of the Organization of American States (OAS) compared it to a \u201cself-inflicted coup\u201d by the leftist Maduro. The OAS announced that it would hold an emergency meeting at its Washington headquarters Monday to discuss the situation in Venezuela.\n",
        "caption": "Venezuela's President Nicolas Maduro gestures during a meeting with supporters in Caracas, March 31, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/5FCD5CB0-B902-46F2-984D-818A9892136B.jpg",
        "id": "5777_2",
        "answer": [
            "defended the supreme court"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Nicolas Maduro"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_01_3792008",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_01_3792008_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What will stop the people in the image from having to use the vehicle in the image to drink?",
        "context": "Somaliland Suspends Development Programs in Face of Famine\nHARGEISA \u2014\u00a0\nSomaliland authorities say famine looms in the breakaway republic as the government suspends development programs due to a crippling drought that has killed dozens of people and most of the livestock in eastern regions.\nSpeaking to VOA in Hargeisa, Somaliland Vice President Abdirahman Abdullahi Seylici says drought conditions look set to deteriorate further with an increasing risk of famine.\nSeylici says Somaliland has few resources to cope with the drought, which has severely affected the economy.\nGetting ready for worse\nHe says officials decided to suspend the development programs in order to control their budget and be ready if the drought crisis worsens.\nSeylici said, \u201cWe are close to famine, the assessment we made and the assessment from aid agencies show the famine is close to be declared in the eastern regions of Somaliland, because the current rainy season [from late March though May] has not started yet, there is water scarcity and people are losing livestock\u201d\n\u201cWhen there is fear that a lot of people might die due to the worsening drought, we decided to suspend building developmental projects. Our budget is affected by the drought, as well as Saudi Arabia\u2019s ban on our livestock export,\u201d the Somaliland vice president said\n\u201cSo we decided to divert money to emergency, live-saving and drought-response efforts,\u201d he added.\nMan looks at carcass of his goats which died due to the severe drought in the Togdher region of Somaliland. (Photo: A. Osman / VOA)\nIn Somaliland, nomadic communities across the region say they have never experienced this kind of drought.\nSeylici told VOA he can only confirm that more than 10 people died of starvation across Somaliland, a lower number than previously stated by other Somaliland officials.\nThe United Nations Children\u2019s Fund said Friday more children are alarmingly at risk as Somalia faces severe drought and starvation.\nFILE - Children drink water delivered by a truck in the drought stricken Baligubadle village near Hargeisa, the capital city of Somaliland, in this handout picture provided by The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies on March 15, 2017.\nReports from eastern regions of Somaliland say cholera is spreading as people affected by drought have been forced to drink dirty water from dried-up wells.\nThe United Nations says more than 6 million Somalis need emergency food, including close to 1 million acutely malnourished children.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Children drink water delivered by a truck in the drought stricken Baligubadle village near Hargeisa, the capital city of Somaliland, in this handout picture provided by The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies on March 15, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/98AEE9F8-D209-4BEF-9CFB-385C089F47B5.jpg",
        "id": "27072_3",
        "answer": [
            "rainy season"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "water"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_02_3792961",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_02_3792961_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the people from the image do?",
        "context": "Brazilian Senators Stage Sit-in to Block Labor Reform Vote\nRIO DE JANEIRO \u2014\u00a0\nBrazilian opposition senators staged a sit-in Tuesday preventing a decisive vote on labor law changes that are a crucial part of President Michel Temer's economic agenda.\nThe senators commandeered the leaders' table on the rostrum and prevented Senate President Eunicio Oliveira and some of his allies from taking their seats.\nOliveira responded by ordering the power and microphones cut off and he adjourned the session, leading to hours of negotiations behind the scenes while the insurgents remained in the chamber in a standoff that continued into the night.\nAfter six hours, Oliveira restarted the session, but the opposition senators did not leave his seat. Sitting on a smaller chair, he could not use his microphone and was forced to shout to his peers to get the discussions under way.\nBefore the live video feed of the Senate session was cut, senators could be seen tapping on their phones and chatting with one another in a darkened room.\nThe spectacle underscored how acrimonious Brazilian politics have become in recent months as Temer's popularity has plummeted and a corruption charge against him has emboldened members of the opposition who believe he never should have become president. Temer took power last year after his predecessor, Dilma Rousseff, was impeached and removed as president.\nBrazil's President Michel Temer speaks during a ceremony in Brasilia, Brazil, July 11, 2017.\nGiven that Temer was only voted in as vice president in the last election, many Brazilians have bristled at his push to pass a series of unpopular economic measures, including a cap on government spending, an overhaul of the pension system and a loosening of work bills through the labor law bill that was on the Senate's schedule for Tuesday.\nThe most significant measure in the labor changes would allow agreements negotiated between employers and workers on a range of issues to override current labor law. The bill would also make it easier to hire temporary workers, even for extended periods of time.\nOliveira and his allies are trying to put the measure that was approved in the lower house to a vote in the Senate without changes. If approved that way, the bill would go directly to the president for signature. The opposition is demanding an amendment, which would send it back to the Chamber of Deputies for another vote.\nBrazilian media have been predicting the bill will pass despite opinion polls showing it is unpopular with the public. But the dramatic protest by opposition senators Tuesday was a blow to Temer that raised further questions about his ability to govern.\nAllies of the president are counting on a victory on the labor law to give the president a boost before the Chamber of Deputies votes on whether to suspended him from office and put him on trial for corruption. That vote is not yet scheduled.\nIf two-thirds of deputies vote against Temer, lower house Speaker Rodrigo Maia would take over presidential duties while Brazil's Supreme Court decided whether to remove the president or find him not guilty.\nThe attorney general has accused Temer of accepting bribes from a meatpacking executive in exchange for helping the company obtain favorable government decisions. He denies wrongdoing.\n",
        "caption": "With the lights off, opposition Senators Gleisi Hoffmann, far left, Fatima Bezerra, center middle, and Vanessa Grazziotin, far right, top, address the press as they sit in the Senate leader area to prevent a vote on labor reform in Brasilia, Brazil, July ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/AB67EC45-6B34-4CC0-9014-2F0897CF8B17.jpg",
        "id": "23114_1",
        "answer": [
            "commandeered the leaders' table on the rostrum and prevented Senate President Eunicio Oliveira and some of his allies from taking their seats"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "senators"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_11_3938166",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_11_3938166_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who was the person on the left of the image persuaded to trust?",
        "context": "White House Disavows 'Enhanced Interrogation' Order\nConfusion reigned in Washington on Wednesday about a purported draft executive order suggesting that President Donald Trump may review how America interrogates suspected terrorists and could reopen secret \"black site\" prisons outside the United States.\nThe New York Times and The Associated Press both reported they had copies of the document, which was said to be circulating among top administration officials.\nBut White House spokesman Sean Spicer insisted that the draft \u201cis not a White House document.\u2019\u2019 He offered no further explanation or any theory about its author.\nWATCH: Spicer on enhanced interrogation\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nSpicer Denies Existence of Draft Order on Interrogation\nShare this video\n0:01:02\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:02\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 2.1MB\n360p | 2.5MB\n480p | 12.6MB\nThe supposed presidential order would keep open the U.S. prison at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, where 41 suspected terrorists are still held.\nFormer President Barack Obama failed to keep his promise to close the facility. He contended that operation of the prison \u2014 where the Central Intelligence Agency used so-called \"enhanced interrogation\" in questioning suspects until Obama banned it \u2014 served as a recruiting tool for Islamic State terrorists.\nObama also closed the \"black site\" prisons, which had been run by the CIA.\nFILE - U.S. military guards enter the Camp Delta military-run prison, at the Guantanamo Bay U.S. Naval Base, Cuba, June 27, 2006.\nTrump believes \u2018torture works\u2019\nDuring his campaign for the White House, Trump endorsed bringing back waterboarding, a harsh interrogation method that simulates drowning, which Obama banned and now is prohibited by U.S. law.\n\u201cAbsolutely I feel it works,\u201d Trump said in an interview with ABC News Wednesday.\nHe said he has spoken with people at high levels in the intelligence community who agree, and that as far as he is concerned, \u201cWe have to fight fire with fire.\u201d\nHis Defense Secretary James Mattis has said torturing suspecting terrorists is unlikely to prevent future attacks. Trump said in the interview he will rely on the judgment of Mattis and CIA Director Mike Pompeo.\n\u201cIf they don\u2019t want do it, then that\u2019s fine,\u201d he said.\nEven if Mattis were to believe that torture is an effective interrogation tool, former State Department official P.J. Crowley told VOA that Trump faces a \"formidable legal and political obstacle,\" because the U.S. Army Field Manual clearly outlaws torture.\n\"This will be an area where political instinct will confront political reality and operational experience,\" Crowley told VOA's national security correspondent, Jeff Seldin. \"I'm highly skeptical the executive order that is suggested is necessarily going to result in a dramatic change in U.S. law or U.S. approach.\"\nCrowley said having both an intelligence team and a law enforcement team interview suspected terrorists has proven to be much more effective than using torture and harsh incarceration in \"black site\" secret prisons.\nGuantanamo to stay open\nTrump also has vowed to keep the Guantanamo detention center.\n\"We're gonna load it up with some bad dudes,\" he said during his campaign for the presidency. \"Believe me, we're gonna load it up.\"\nThe supposed draft executive order, as described in media accounts, calls for top national security officials to \"recommend to the president whether to reinitiate a program of interrogation of high-value alien terrorists to be operated outside the United States and whether such program should include the use of detention facilities operated\" by the CIA, which the U.S. spy agency controlled after the 2001 al-Qaida terrorist attacks on New York and Washington.\nThe CIA is believed to have run the clandestine prisons in Iraq, Lithuania, Thailand, Romania, Afghanistan and Poland.\nNews organizations said the document says U.S. laws should be obeyed at all times and explicitly rejects \"torture.\"\nFILE - Committee chairman U.S. Senator John McCain, left, welcomes retired U.S. Marine Corps General James Mattis to testify before a Senate Armed Services Committee hearing on his nomination to serve as defense secretary in Washington, Jan. 12, 2017.\nTrump's presumed reconsideration of extreme types of interrogation drew an immediate rebuke from Arizona Senator John McCain.\nThe unsuccessful 2008 Republican presidential candidate was a U.S. naval pilot who was captured by North Vietnam in the 1960s and held as a prisoner of war for more than five years.\n\"The president can sign whatever executive orders he likes,\" McCain said. \"But the law is the law. We are not bringing back torture in the United States of America.\"\nMcCain said he had been assured by defense chief Mattis and new CIA Director Mike Pompeo that they would adhere to the Army Field Manual's limits on interrogation of terrorist suspects.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Marines at Camp X-Ray at the Naval Base at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba escort a newly arriving detainee into a processing tent after being showered.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/4AD237DB-EC9D-4CE7-9257-B1BC6B0DB54B.jpg",
        "id": "20039_1",
        "answer": [
            "defense chief Mattis and new CIA Director Mike Pompeo",
            "None",
            "no idea!!!"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "McCain",
            "detainee"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_25_3691787",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_25_3691787_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What has been implemented at places like those in the image?",
        "context": "Europeans Learn to Live with - And Adapt to - Terror Attacks\nPARIS, FRANCE \u2014\u00a0\nThe jihadis' targets in Europe are depressingly repetitive: the Brussels metro, the Champs-Elysees in Paris twice, tourist-filled bridges in London twice and a U.K. rock concert. And that's just the past few months.\nThe steady stream of attacks on centers of daily life have drawn pledges from Europeans not to let terrorists change how they live, but in ways large and small they already have.\nThere is a heightened awareness and quicker reactions, especially in the hardest-hit countries of France, Britain and Belgium, that would have seemed unthinkable just a few years ago.\nIn Brussels on Tuesday, a 36-year-old Moroccan man shouting \"Allahu akbar!\" set off a bomb among subway commuters. The bomb didn't detonate in full and a soldier shot him dead.\nIt was another Muslim, Mohamed Charfih, who demanded that the subway's doors be closed before the attacker could enter.\n\"I heard people on the platform shouting for help,\" he told the news site DH. He looked out and knew what he saw. \"I screamed to close the doors immediately. I asked to get out of there as fast as possible and that everyone get down on the floor.\"\nThat reaction, blocking the door and fleeing, has become part of official instructions on what to do in case of an attack in France. Signs have been posted in public areas and even schools showing people running, ducking beneath a window, or using heavy furniture as a barricade.\nTensions are high enough in central Paris that on Thursday the quick-response police unit reacted to a witness' phone call about a man wearing a sidearm by tackling him on the street, only to learn that he was a ranking member of the anti-terrorism squad, according to French media.\nIn Britain, decades of IRA attacks prompted the installation of country-wide TV surveillance cameras - one of the most expansive systems in the world. Paris is quickly ramping up its own camera system, to the point where authorities were able this week to track the minute-by-minute path of the man who tried to attack a Champs-Elysee gendarme patrol until the moment he rammed their vehicle. The man died of burns and smoke inhalation - the only casualty of his act - but left behind a substantial arsenal.\nBoth Britain and France have installed barriers around airports, train stations and other public buildings in recent years. Since the Westminster bridge attack in March, however, talks are underway to install even more barriers on bridges and around crowded places such as London's Borough Market, where three attackers this month went on a stabbing rampage after crashing their vehicle on a busy street not far from London Bridge.\nEchoing France, London's security authorities have issued advice to pubs and restaurants since the attacks with the message of \"Run, Tell and Hide.\" The advice includes establishing whether the threat is inside or outside and not waiting for police to decide whether the venue should be locked down or evacuated.\nFew British commuters have changed their habits. After suicide bombers in 2005 struck trains and buses during a busy London morning rush-hour, scores of commuters started riding bicycles to work. That method of transport has its own problems in London - with the number of annual cyclist deaths a rising concern.\nThree of the four recent attacks, however, have involved the use of a vehicle as a weapon - much like the deadly 2016 Nice attack in France that killed 87 people.\n\"I suppose I could try taking a boat to work, but before long I'm sure they would attack those too. So I'm just taking my chances,\" said Rohan Chansity, a 34-year-old finance worker in London.\nParents and teachers are talking to children more about being observant - a skill often lost on a gadget-obsessed generation.\nA suicide bomber blew himself up last month at Manchester Arena, killing 22 people, mostly young concert-goers.\n\"We talk about being observant, looking for exits, making sure you're around a responsible crowd - but in the end, it's not like I'm going to keep her from going to concerts,\" said Moira Campbell, 45, who has a 15-year-old daughter.\nTourists, too, say they are aware of potential dangers but have refused to be cowed.\nDave Howland, who traveled from New Hampshire to London with his youngest son a few days before the Borough Market attack, said he was conscious of the threat when he went to Shakespeare's Globe theatre, a round wooden venue in the Borough Market area.\n\"I looked around and didn't see exit signs,\" said the 47-year-old English teacher who lives in Durham. \"But then I looked around and saw this performance and that people were celebrating life. So I thought, we're going to enjoy the moment. London is an incredible city, and life is too short not to enjoy everything you can.\"\nThe latest would-be assailant on the Champs-Elysees had an arsenal of firearms in both his car and at home, and France's anti-terrorism prosecutor said disaster was averted only by sheer luck. It was the second attack in less than two months on the famous avenue.\nStill, tourists and Parisians still flock to the Champs-Elysees, watched over by camouflaged soldiers carrying automatic rifles. And in Brussels, the day after the fizzled metro bombing, the headlines focused on how to cope with the recent heat wave.\nThe weather, it seems, is not going away - just like the jihadi threats.\n",
        "caption": "A man blows up an explosive device in the station in Brussels, Belgium, June 20, 2017. The man was shot by soldiers afterwards in what prosecutors are treating as a \"terrorist attack.\" ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/6BD2C6F0-6094-4C0A-9158-D9D1AD45CD2E.jpg",
        "id": "32624_1",
        "answer": [
            "barriers"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "station"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_25_3914997",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_25_3914997_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where is the item being exchanged in the image showing up?",
        "context": "Stronger Tobacco-control Measures Vital, WHO Warns\nGENEVA \u2014\u00a0\nThe World Health Organization warns that more than 7 million people die prematurely every year from tobacco-related causes, and it's a costly drain on national economies.\nIn advance of World No Tobacco day, to be observed Wednesday, the global health agency urged governments to implement strong tobacco control measures for the health of their people and their economies.\nWHO calls tobacco a threat to development. Besides the heavy toll in lives lost, global estimates show that \"tobacco costs the global economy $1.4 trillion a year,\" or 1.8 percent of global gross domestic product. The WHO notes this estimate takes into consideration \"only medical expenses and lost productive capacities.\"\nDespite effective tobacco control measures, WHO reports the number of people dying from smoking is increasing because those dying today have mostly been long-term smokers and it takes time for tobacco control policies to make an impact.\nVinayak Prasad, program manager of the WHO's Tobacco Free Initiative, told VOA, \"What we are seeing is that if the policies were not in place, the number of 7.2 million would have been higher. We are seeing a reduction of tobacco use prevalence in most countries. The only regions now which are seeing higher growth are the African continent and Middle Eastern region. The rest of the world is seeing a decline.\"\nFILE - Warning signs are printed on packs of cigarettes for sale in Bangkok, Thailand.\nDiseases, disabilities\nBesides leading to premature death, the WHO has found, countless millions of people who smoke suffer from a wide variety of tobacco-related diseases and resultant serious disabilities, including blindness, amputation, impotence and poor oral health.\nAndrew Black of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control Secretariat noted that smoking is an addiction largely taken up in childhood and adolescence, \"so it is crucial to reduce the number of young people taking up smoking in the first place. We must stop the tobacco industry's powerful advertising and promotion, which can all too often be oriented toward young people.\"\nBlack said tobacco widens social inequalities and is a driver of poverty around the world.\n\"We know that those living on lower incomes in virtually all countries are likely to smoke, and therefore more likely to suffer the consequences of tobacco use,\" he said.\nBlack said that by 2030, about 80 percent of the world's tobacco-related mortality will be in low- and middle-income countries.\n\"High rates of tobacco use being promoted by aggressive strategies from the tobacco industry are projected to lead to a doubling of the number of tobacco-related deaths in low- and middle-income countries between 2010 and 2030,\" he said.\nStudy issued\nTo mark World No-Tobacco Day, the U.N. Development Program and the Secretariat of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control issued a study that focuses on the harmful effects of tobacco on both health and on efforts aimed at achieving the U.N.'s sustainable development goals (SDGs).\nFILE - A smoker snuffs out a cigarette at the Capitol in Sacramento, Calif., June 22, 2012.\nDudley Tarlton, UNDP program specialist on health and development, told VOA that tobacco undermines the SDGs because \"household consumption on tobacco displaces consumption on other goods and services that might lead to a better end.\n\"So, it affects poverty. It affects hunger. Education is affected. Children get ear infections because they are exposed to household smoke in the home,\" he said.\nFor the first time, the WHO and UNDP released a joint report showing the bad impact tobacco has on the environment.\nPrasad acknowledged that the data received from the tobacco industry and from governments were relatively weak. Nevertheless, he said, \"the evidence is really astounding as to how tobacco is extremely dangerous and harming the environment.\"\nHe said using land to grow tobacco \"can lead to severe damage because of the widespread use of agrochemicals.\"\nUse of trees\nPrasad noted that more than 11 million metric tons of wood was required to cure and dry tobacco, \"which essentially means deforestation is already happening.\"\nThe report found that tobacco waste contains over 7,000 toxic chemicals that poison the environment, including human carcinogens, and that tobacco smoke contributes \"thousands of tons of human carcinogens, toxicants and greenhouse gases to the environment.\"\nPrasad said that cigarettes are bad news for tree lovers because \"for every 300 cigarettes, we need to cut a tree. ... Even conservatively, if we are looking at 6 trillion cigarettes, we are looking at almost 15 to 20 billion trees to cut.\n\"We have 6 trillion trees in the world, so we are almost looking at a big cut, which is going to happen, if we do not hold this,\" he said.\nAnd regarding the sullying of the world's environment, he noted that cigarette butts \"account for 30 to 40 percent of all items collected in coastal and urban cleanups.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A man passes a cigarette to another as they sit on a pavement along a road in New Delhi, India, Aug. 18, 2015. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/BF57820F-2F14-4CB3-8ED7-7D4254967579.jpg",
        "id": "24239_1",
        "answer": [
            "coastal and urban cleanups"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "cigarette"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_30_3878184",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_30_3878184_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person in the grey suit in the image trying to fund?",
        "context": "India\u2019s Planned Investment in Sri Lanka\u2019s Trincomalee Port Gets a Push\nNEW DELHI \u2014\u00a0\nIndia\u2019s plans to invest in a strategic port in Sri Lanka as a counterbalance to China\u2019s massive infrastructure investments in the Indian Ocean island country got a push Wednesday as Sri Lankan Prime Minister Ranil Wickremesinghe visited New Delhi.\nChina\u2019s development of the key Hambantota port in Sri Lanka, which is a gateway to crucial shipping lanes, has raised concerns in New Delhi about Beijing\u2019s widening naval influence in its neighborhood.\nIn New Delhi, India and Sri Lanka signed a memorandum of understanding on economic cooperation and expressed commitment to its implementation. Foreign Ministry spokesperson, Gopal Baglay, tweeted that it signaled \u201cdeepening economic collaboration.\u201d\nFILE - Foreign tourists walk along a beach in Sri Lanka's seafront eastern town of Trincomalee on July 7, 2010.\nThe specific deal to develop the World War II oil storage facility in the eastern port of Trincomalee, South Asia\u2019s deepest natural harbor, is expected to be signed next month when Modi visits Colombo.\nAlthough India\u2019s planned investment in energy infrastructure in Trincomalee will be far more modest compared to Beijing\u2019s ambitious Hambantota project, analysts say it will enable New Delhi to secure a foothold and ensure that no other country uses the harbor for military purposes.\nWhile Colombo has assured India that Hambantota will be used only for commercial activity, its potential use as a naval base worries New Delhi. Those worries have intensified since a Chinese submarine docked briefly in Colombo port in 2014.\nFILE - A group of Sri Lankan visitors at the new deep water shipping port watch a Chinese dredging ships work in Hambantota, March 24, 2010.\nIndia has long fretted about China\u2019s expanding foothold in the Indian Ocean region through infrastructure projects in countries such as Sri Lanka, Pakistan and Bangladesh.\n\u201cWe find that India is now getting more and more strategically encircled by economic infrastructure projects,\u201d according to Vijay Sakhuja, Director of the National Maritime Foundation in New Delhi.\nBesides Hambantota port in Sri Lanka, he points to China\u2019s building of Gwadar port in Pakistan. Warning that these projects, built to facilitate trade, also have a strategic element, he says, \u201cWe should not be surprised by frequent PLA [People\u2019s Liberation Army] navy presence in the Indian Ocean, particularly in Gwadar, which will cause some discomfort to the naval planners in New Delhi.\u201d\nFor Sri Lanka, India\u2019s planned investment in the energy project in Trincomalee will help counterbalance the massive infrastructure deals signed with China by the former government of Mahinda Rajapaksa, who had leaned heavily toward Beijing.\n\u201cThe spin off of that [project] is balancing what is perceived as predominant Chinese influence as far as the economy is concerned,\u201d said Paikiasothy Saravanumuttu at the Center for Policy Alternatives in Colombo.\nThe new government is trying to move away from the heavy dependance on Beijing for foreign investment. During a recent visit to Tokyo, Prime Minister Wickremesinghe sought Japanese investment for the Colombo and Trincomalee ports.\n",
        "caption": "Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, right, waves to the media next to his Sri Lankan counterpart Ranil Wickremesinghe before their meeting in New Delhi, India, April 26, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D7108D7A-818E-457F-84C2-242A0756CEE5.jpg",
        "id": "10309_1",
        "answer": [
            "the Colombo and Trincomalee ports",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Wickremesinghe",
            "Ranil Wickremesinghe"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_26_3826456",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_26_3826456_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the man in robes in the image do?",
        "context": "Newark Archbishop Leads Rally for Man Facing Deportation\nNEWARK, NEW JERSEY \u2014\u00a0\nA man facing possible deportation has some notable names in his corner ahead of a meeting with federal immigration authorities in New Jersey on Friday.\nSeveral dozen clergy members marched toward a federal building in Newark in support of a man facing possible deportation.\nClergy including Cardinal Joseph Tobin, leader of New Jersey's largest Roman Catholic archdiocese, led a rally for supporters of Catalino Guerrero on Friday morning along with U.S. Sen. Bob Menendez.\nOrganizers said the 59-year-old Guerrero came here illegally from Mexico in 1991 and has worked ever since, owns his house and has no criminal record. The grandfather of four applied for a work permit several years ago, but filled out a form incorrectly, they said.\nImmigration and Customs Enforcement officials summoned Guerrero last month and told him to plan to surrender his passport on March 10, Guerrero's supporters said this week.\nAn ICE spokesman said in an email Thursday that Guerrero, \u201ca Mexican national unlawfully present, was ordered removed from the United States in 2009 by an immigration judge. Guerrero remains free from custody and must periodically report to ICE as a condition of his release.''\nTobin has been critical of President Donald Trump's immigration policies. Last month, he called Trump's executive order temporarily banning immigrants from seven Muslim-majority countries \u201cmisbegotten\u201d and said it was \u201cplaying on irrational fears of people.\u201d\nTobin said lawmakers should focus on fixing immigration laws rather than on large-scale deportation.\nCatalino Guerrero, center left, stands with U.S. Sen. Bob Menendez, left, and Newark Archbishop Cardinal Joseph Tobin, center right, during a rally before attending an immigration hearing, March 10, 2017.\nThe U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops has issued a steady stream of criticisms of Trump's restrictions on refugees and immigrants. Through Catholic Charities and other programs, American bishops consistently resettle the largest number of refugees annually in the U.S. and provide support nationwide for immigrants.\nOther faith groups are mobilizing their congregations to fight Trump's policies, including a network of 37 Protestant and Orthodox denominations that work with the aid group Church World Service. Hundreds of houses of worship around the country have joined the sanctuary movement, which provides support or housing to people facing deportation.\nAmong others leading protests are U.S. Muslim and Jewish groups, including the Union for Reform Judaism, the largest American synagogue movement. \n",
        "caption": "Catalino Guerrero, center left, stands with U.S. Sen. Bob Menendez, left, and Newark Archbishop Cardinal Joseph Tobin, center right, during a rally before attending an immigration hearing, March 10, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/18868637-1C1F-444D-B230-E3E99B8CC1BC.jpg",
        "id": "10206_2",
        "answer": [
            "called Trump's executive order temporarily banning immigrants from seven Muslim-majority countries \u201cmisbegotten\u201d and said it was \u201cplaying on irrational fears of people.\u201d",
            "led a rally for supporters of Catalino Guerrero"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Cardinal Joseph Tobin",
            "Joseph Tobin"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_10_3760508",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_10_3760508_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where are the people in the image going through?",
        "context": "Slovenia Toughens Law to Prevent Another Influx of Migrants\nLJUBLJANA, SLOVENIA \u2014\u00a0\nSlovenia's government approved amendments to its law on foreigners Thursday to enable police to seal the country's borders to illegal migrants for a limited period if needed.\nThe changes, expected to be ratified by parliament, are meant to prevent a repeat of a six-month-long flood of migrants across Slovenia that ended in March 2016, when several countries to its south closed the main Balkan migration route.\nAround 500,000 illegal migrants crossed Slovenia, the smallest country along the migration corridor, on their way to desired destinations in wealthier west European countries.\nInterior Minister Vesna Gyorkos Znidar said Slovenia would not be able to endure another migrant flow of that kind, especially as its northern neighbor Austria and other west European states were closing their doors to migrants.\n\"The new legislation will be used only if migration would be endangering the public order and internal security of Slovenia,\" Znidar told a news conference.\nShe said the government also decided to establish a special Office for Migration to coordinate policy on migrants.\nAmnesty International, in a statement, urged parliament to reject the legal changes as they \"would deny refugees and asylum seekers the protections to which they are entitled under international and EU law.\"\nZnidar said the number of asylum requests in Slovenia had risen fivefold in the past year. In the first 11 months of 2016 Slovenia received 1,170 requests, of which 148 were approved, while about 230 requests were still being processed.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A group of migrants moves through snow toward a train station to be transferred to Austria, near the border with Croatia, in Dobova, Slovenia, Jan. 3, 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/99ADA54B-9CAE-488F-91E0-111D0FC094BF.jpg",
        "id": "20898_1",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "Slovenia"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "migrants"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_05_3664778",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_05_3664778_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the occupation of the one the people in the image are rioting against?",
        "context": "Venezuela: Second Young Man Killed in Anti-Maduro Protests\nCARACAS \u2014\u00a0\nVenezuela's state prosecutor's office said on Tuesday a 20-year-old man had been fatally shot in the neck on Monday night while he was at a protest in the city of Valencia, the second confirmed death in anti-government unrest in the last week.\nOpposition lawmakers said Daniel Queliz was killed by security forces while he was protesting. The prosecutor's office said in a statement it was investigating the incident.\nHis death comes on the heels of the killing of 19-year-old Jairo Ortiz on the outskirts of Caracas on Thursday in the area of an opposition protest. A police officer has been arrested.\nLawmakers also said that an elderly woman asphyxiated to death in Caracas after tear gas entered her apartment during Monday's protests. Reuters was not able to confirm the report.\nBolivarian National Guard officers advance towards demonstrators during a protest in Caracas, Venezuela, April 10, 2017.\nThe deaths come as demonstrations against unpopular leftist President Nicolas Maduro escalate amid a grueling economic crisis and what critics say is his transformation into a dictator.\nMaduro counters that under a veneer of pacifism, the opposition is actually encouraging violent protests in a bid to topple his government.\nVenezuelans have been suffering food and medicine shortages for months, leading many to skip meals or go without crucial treatment.\nBut after years of protesting with little results, street action had ebbed until a Supreme Court decision in late March to assume the functions of the opposition-led congress sparked outcry.\nThe court quickly overturned the most controversial part of its decision but the move triggered condemnation at home and abroad. News that the national comptroller on Friday had banned high-profile opposition leaders Henrique Capriles from office for 15 years also drew broad criticism.\nLawmakers Protest\nAround a dozen opposition legislators on Tuesday held another surprise protest at the headquarters of the National Guard to decry excessive use of force - including tear gas dropped from a helicopter and fired into a Caracas clinic.\n\"Here we are... to demand elections now, an end to repression, respect for the constitution, a reversal of the coup, so that Venezuela can be in peace and we can all progress,\" said opposition lawmaker Tomas Guanipa, brandishing a blue constitution in his hand.\nState officials via social media have shown images and videos of demonstrators vandalizing public property and throwing rocks at police.\n\"Who is taking responsibility for damage to public property and persons?\" said Defense Minister Vladimir Padrino on Twitter, posting pictures of demonstrators kicking police officers and breaking into an office of the Supreme Court. \"What is their agenda? Terrorism, chaos, death?\"\nMost of the protesters are peaceful and say street action is their only option after authorities last year blocked a recall referendum to remove Maduro. Local elections, due last year, have yet to be called.\n",
        "caption": "Demonstrators help a journalist who was injured in a leg while covering clashes between demonstrators and the Bolivarian National Guard during a protest in Caracas, April 10, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/770B63F1-021A-44E4-B4A8-E624F45B3286.jpg",
        "id": "613_1",
        "answer": [
            "President"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "demonstrators",
            "Nicolas Maduro"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_11_3805653",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_11_3805653_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What are the people in the image attempting to do?",
        "context": "Counter-terror Campaign High on Tillerson Agenda in Europe\nSTATE DEPARTMENT \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson met Thursday in Ankara with Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan and Foreign Minister Mevlut Cavusoglu, as allies examine their next steps in the campaign to defeat Islamic State militants and stabilize the refugee crisis in the region.\n\"Today\u2019s conversation is built on three mutual long-term goals: working together to defeat Daesh, or ISIS, building stability in the region and bolstering economic ties between our two nations,\" Tillerson said after his meeting, speaking alongside his counterpart Cavusoglu.\n\"Turkey has been a NATO ally since 1952 and we continue to exercise military cooperation in that alliance and in the global coalition to defeat Daesh,\" Tillerson said.\nLater in the trip, the top U.S. diplomat will press NATO allies to demonstrate a clear path to increase defense spending, in his first meeting with counterparts from this security bloc.\nSecretary of State Rex Tillerson speaks at the Meeting of the Ministers of the Global Coalition on the Defeat of ISIS, March 22, 2017, at the State Department in Washington.\nUS operations in Syria\nU.S.-led forces are increasing their campaign to retake the Syrian city of Raqqa from Islamic State militants.\nStabilizing areas where militants have fled and allowing refugees to return home are high on the agenda for the U.S. and its anti-Islamic State coalition partners.\nTillerson is looking to build on progress from last week\u2019s meeting of coalition partners in Washington.\n\u201cWhile a more defined course of action in Syria is still coming together, I can say the United States will increase our pressure on ISIS and al-Qaida, and will work to establish interim zones of stability through cease-fires to allow refugees to go home,\u201d he said.\nBut it could be a tall order, according to Middle East expert Daniel Serwer.\n\u201cThe Turks would like to have safe zones; they have been proposing them for years,\u201d he said. \u201cBut they are in fact extraordinarily difficult to create, and to defend, and to maintain.\u201d\nNATO\nDays before Tillerson\u2019s first meeting with NATO foreign ministers, he met with his counterparts from the Baltic states. They expressed confidence in Washington\u2019s support for NATO.\n\u201cWe\u2019re passing what we consider very important messages of the need to develop transatlantic security and economic links, so it was overall a very good introductory meeting,\u201d Latvian Foreign Minister Edgars Rinkevics told VOA\u2019s Ukrainian Service.\nEstonian Foreign Minister Sven Mikser, Latvian Foreign Minister Edgars Rinkevics, U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson and Lithuanian Foreign Minister Linas Linkevicius, are seen before their meeting at the Department of State in Washington, March 28, 2017.\nAfter Russia\u2019s 2014 annexation of Ukraine\u2019s Crimea, NATO agreed to send troops to Lithuania and to Estonia, Latvia and Poland, in a move to deter potential Russian aggression.\n\u201cI wouldn\u2019t say the military presence is insignificant,\u201d Estonian Foreign Minister Sven Mikser told VOA\u2019s Russian Service. \u201cThese are very well-trained, well-equipped forces. But when you look at the numbers, the presence is slightly modest compared to what Russia has in place on the other side of the border. So it shouldn\u2019t be viewed as escalatory in any way ... but I think it\u2019s sufficient to make Russia change its calculus. It makes clear to Russia that they should not launch a provocation and think that they can do it with impunity.\u201d\nTillerson is going to the NATO talks before he goes to Moscow, a move that ends the controversy over his earlier decision to skip the event.\n\u201c[NATO allies] want the commitment by Tillerson to maintain sanctions [on Russia for its actions] on Ukraine; they want a commitment from Tillerson that his president isn\u2019t gonna sell out the alliance to the Russians,\u201d Serwer said.\nTillerson will make it clear that it is no longer sustainable for the United States to maintain a disproportionate share of NATO\u2019s defense spending. He also will consult with allies about their shared commitment to improve security in Ukraine and the need for NATO to push Russia to end aggression against its neighbors.\nNATO member states have until 2024 to meet a shared pledge to contribute 2 percent of their gross domestic product on defense.\nEstonia is the only Baltic nation to spend 2 percent of the GDP for defense purposes. Lithuania and Latvia have pledged to reach that level by 2018.\nThis report was produced in collaboration with VOA\u2019s Russian and Ukrainian services.\n",
        "caption": "U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson (left) poses with Turkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdogan before their meeting in Ankara, Turkey, March 30, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/09D57015-B28C-4D87-9168-476874A067F0.jpg",
        "id": "5286_1",
        "answer": [
            "Working together to defeat Daesh, or ISIS, building stability in the region and bolstering economic ties between our two nations",
            "defeat Islamic State militants and stabilize the refugee crisis in the region"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Rex Tillerson and Turkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdogan",
            "Rex Tillerson"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_30_3788474",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_30_3788474_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What would the people in the image need to have to remain unaffected?",
        "context": "Republican Senators Propose Steep Cuts in Legal Immigration to US\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nTwo Republican senators say they are sponsoring legislation that would make major changes in the U.S. immigration system, slashing the number of foreign nationals admitted into the country each year by up to 50 percent.\nThe proposal, which by some estimates would reduce immigration from 1 million to 500,000 people per year, would align the federal government with policies that conservative \"restrictionist\" groups have advocated for years, if not decades.\nThe bill being proposed by Senators David Perdue and Tom Cotton would reduce immigration by limiting admission for migrants' family members, ending the diversity visa lottery program and making the process of obtaining \"green card\" work permits much more difficult.\nPerdue and Cotton, who represent the states of Georgia and Arkansas, respectively, said Tuesday they hope to see their proposal reach the Senate floor this year, but that they do not expect quick action on the bill. Both men said they spoke to President Donald Trump before announcing their plans.\nReaction\nAmerica's Voice, a group which lobbies for political rights for immigrants, criticized the bill, calling it part of a broader campaign to restrict immigration to the United States. \nLynn Tramonte, the deputy director of America's Voice, told NBC News her pro-immigration group is \"very concerned about additional restrictions on legal immigration, as it's all of a piece, coming from the same dark place.\"\nDemocratic Senator Chris Van Hollen of Maryland told VOA in a statement that attacks on immigrants hurt the economy and go against America\u2019s values as a nation.\n\u201cFirst, President Trump rolled out an unlawful and un-American ban on refugees and immigrants from Muslim-majority countries. Now, Republican Senators are introducing legislation to take an axe to legal immigration -- without doing anything to actually enact comprehensive immigration reform,\u201d he said.\n\u201cWe are a nation of immigrants - new and old - and they are an integral part of our economy,\" Van Hollen said.\n\"They are entrepreneurs, job creators, and hardworking members of our society. These attacks on immigrants hurt our economy and go against our values as a nation, and we will fight them tooth and nail.\u201d \nThe proposed Reforming American Immigration for Strong Employment Act, or RAISE, would allow only spouses and minor children of U.S. citizens and legal permanent residents to enter the U.S. as immigrants. It would exclude preferential treatment for extended family members and adult relatives of U.S. residents, such as parents, siblings and adult children.\nFILE - Immigrant workers, from left, Marcos Jamangape, Abel Tapia, Jack Horne, standing, and Joaquin Garcia install a plastic tarp as temporary protection Oct. 23, 2005, for a home damaged by Hurricane Katrina in Gulfport, Miss.\nCotton told reporters that a waiver could be granted to the parents of a legal permanent U.S. resident in case of illness - as long as the family guaranteed the new arrivals would not rely on public benefits for support or health care.\nHe and Perdue said in a statement they would eliminate the \"outdated\" diversity visa lottery, which they say \"is plagued with fraud [and] advances no economic or humanitarian interest.\" The lottery program currently provides 50,000 visas per year.\nA summary of the RAISE proposal said \"green cards,\" the documents that denote permanent resident status and permit foreign nationals to work legally in the United States, would be restricted to a maximum of 50,000 per year. The summary estimated the average waiting time for such permits would rise to 13 years.\nImmigrants with special skills \u201cwho come and help our economy\u201d would still be allowed in, the senators said, and there would be no restriction on foreign nationals who have visas connected to their employment in the U.S.\nAnalysts familiar with the proposal said the bill is intended to prevent foreign nationals willing to work for low wages from competing with less-educated American workers, whose incomes have been declining in recent years.\n\"Unless we reverse this trend, we are going to create a near-permanent underclass for whom the American dream is always just out of reach,\" Cotton told reporters.\nHis aides estimated the RAISE legislation would cut immigration to the U.S. by 40 percent in its first year, and 50 percent over the next 10 years.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Immigrant workers, from left, Marcos Jamangape, Abel Tapia, Jack Horne, standing, and Joaquin Garcia install a plastic tarp as temporary protection Oct. 23, 2005, for a home damaged by Hurricane Katrina in Gulfport, Miss.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F4E14C59-0F26-43BF-885F-DB179B28105C.jpg",
        "id": "9792_2",
        "answer": [
            "visas connected to their employment in the U.S",
            "special skills"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "immigrants",
            "Immigrant workers"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_08_3714261",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_08_3714261_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the country of the person on the left of the image do?",
        "context": "How Taiwan Quietly Gained on China in Global Diplomatic Rivalry\nTAIPEI, TAIWAN \u2014\u00a0\nEven as Taiwan loses diplomatic allies to its bigger rival China, the increasingly isolated government has bested Beijing at a level of international relations that common people can feel: the number of countries that let citizens enter visa free.\nTaiwan has persuaded 166 countries to allow their 23 million citizens to enter without visas or with simplified visa applications, sometimes over fears that China would retaliate, foreign ministry sources say. Just 21 countries offer visa-free entry to people from China.\nThe rise of visa-free countries from 10 years ago to places such as the United States and Europe indicates that Taiwan can expand diplomatically in at least one way despite China\u2019s countermeasures and have something to show citizens who want more foreign policy achievements.\nPersonal experience\n\u201cBecause for most of the people foreign relations is a very distant thing, but the ability to travel free around the world is a direct and personal experience,\u201d said Joanna Lei, chief executive officer of the Chunghua 21st Century think tank in Taiwan.\n\u201cIf Taiwan continues to enjoy visa-free travel, that means a lot of countries recognize the administration and allow the people from Taiwan to their lands, and that will be a major, major foreign affairs achievement,\u201d Lei said.\nBeijing has claimed sovereignty over, and insists on eventual reunification with, self-ruled Taiwan since the 1940s and tries to limit its international profile. To cast Taiwan as a part of China rather than a country, Beijing has barred it from joining United Nations agencies since the 1970s. It also offers aid to countries that switch allegiance from Taipei to Beijing. Taipei has 20 allies left following Panama\u2019s recognition of China last month. Beijing is recognized by more than 170 countries.\nChinese President Xi Jinping and Taiwan's President Ma Ying-jeou, left, wave to the media during a summit in Singapore, Nov. 7, 2015.\nVisa-free treatment\nThe push to expand visa-free treatment for Taiwanese took off under former president Ma Ying-jeou, who held office from 2008 to 2016. China and Taiwan had set aside political grievances then to build trust through economic deals, making it hard for Beijing to stand in the way of Taiwan\u2019s informal or people-to-people relations abroad.\n\u201cCables regarding that were sent to all the offices and missions abroad, and we kept reminding officials of the importance and urgency of getting visa waivers or visas upon arrival,\u201d said Huang Kwei-bo, chair of the foreign ministry research and planning committee from 2009 to 2011.\nThe government in Taipei also tightened passport renewals to \u201creduce the percentage\u201d of counterfeited documents, allaying another concern overseas, Huang said.\n\u201cWe tried to tell those potential targeted countries not to feel worried about punishment from the Beijing authorities,\u201d because warmer ties under Ma \u201cwould make the visa waiver issue less sensitive in the political term,\u201d Huang said.\nTaiwan passports ranked No. 28 in the world in 2015 in terms of visa-free access to other countries, according to the Henley & Partners 2015 Visa Restrictions Index. China ranked 93rd.\nRelations could chill waivers\nTaiwan president Tsai Ing-wen lacks the trust of Beijing, though she hasn\u2019t crossed China\u2019s red line of seeking legal independence to consecrate self-rule. That chill in relations could make it harder for Taiwan to add countries to its visa waiver roster, said Liu Yih-jiun, public affairs professor at Fo Guang University in Taiwan.\nBut Tuesday, Taiwan and its diplomatic ally Paraguay agreed to let each other\u2019s citizens enter without visas. The foreign ministry is also preparing to let Filipinos enter visa free, even though Manila still requires visas of Taiwanese.\nCountries have let Taiwanese enter visa-free for economic benefits as well as to get along better with Taipei, according to Taiwan foreign ministry spokesperson Eleanor Wang.\n\u201cFor other countries to want to let in Taiwan passport holder without visas, they can attract more Republic of China (Taiwan) people to go visit, which can help two-way relations and help their economy \u2014 all sorts of advantages \u2014 so they agree to exempt visas,\u201d Wang told reporters Tuesday.\nTaiwanese not eager to flee\nChina struggles to earn visa waiver rules abroad because its citizens sometimes migrate illegally for economic gain. Chinese use illegal smuggling networks to enter Europe and may be \u201cexploited by traffickers,\u201d said human rights group Council of Europe\u2019s Parliamentary Assembly in 2015.\nIn Taiwan, \u201cthe country has achieved a certain level of economic sufficiency, therefore its citizens are not that eager to flee from the country and get settled in other countries,\u201d said Lin Chong-pin, a retired strategic studies professor in greater Taipei.\n\u201cMost of them want to come back. They find Taiwan more comfortable,\u201d he said. \u201cCountries that give Taiwan visa waivers are not threatened.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "Chinese President Xi Jinping and Taiwan's President Ma Ying-jeou, left, wave to the media during a summit in Singapore, Nov. 7, 2015.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/A48A295F-7625-44BA-B35C-86716AF9A5E9.jpg",
        "id": "28804_2",
        "answer": [
            "persuaded 166 countries to allow their 23 million citizens to enter without visas"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Taiwan"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_14_3943956",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_14_3943956_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who did the people on the ground in the image back?",
        "context": "US Lawmakers Condemn Turkish Embassy Attack\nU.S. Representative Adam Schiff of California was one of many American lawmakers to condemn an attack on protesters outside the Turkish embassy last month.\n\"The message from Turkey is clear as day: We can do as we please, whether at home to our citizens or on your own American soil,\" he told the House floor Wednesday.\n\"Mr. Speaker, I stand here today to affirm that we will not allow Turkey to beat innocent protesters on the streets of our nation's capital. We will continue to pursue justice, and to make clear that America will always stand up for the right of peaceful and free expression,\" Schiff said.\nFILE - Rep. Adam Schiff, D-Calif. speaks to reporters on Capitol Hill, March 7, 2017.\nThe previous evening, the U.S. House of Representatives moved to condemn the violence that unfolded following peaceful protests outside the Turkish embassy last month.\nThe two sides of supporters swapped allegations of what set off the melee.\nVOA's Turkish Service said the protesters were Kurdish supporters of pro-Kurdish lawmaker Selahattin Demirtas who were calling for his release from prison. Police barricaded the perimeter to separate the groups.\nThe protesters said they were suddenly charged by President Recep Tayyip Erdogan's guards and supporters. Similar clashes happened last year when Erdogan visited Washington for a nuclear security summit.\nA day after the brawl, VOA posted additional footage of moments leading up to the fight during which Erdogan \u2014 arriving at the embassy after White House meetings \u2014 is seen talking with members of his armed security detail just before they break through a police line and violently charge the protesters. Moments later, Erdogan is seen looking on as the attack unfolds.\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nAnti-Erdogan Protesters Say They Were Attacked by President's Bodyguards\nShare this video\n0:02:03\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:03\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 6.0MB\n360p | 9.7MB\n720p | 57.5MB\n1080p | 40.6MB\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTurkish President Erdogan Watched Violent Clash Near Embassy\nShare this video\n0:01:22\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:22\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 3.9MB\n360p | 6.6MB\n720p | 35.3MB\n1080p | 26.1MB\n",
        "caption": "Demonstrators lie on the ground following a brawl with Turkish security personnel near the Turkish ambassador's residence in Washington, May 17, 2017. (Screengrab from VOA Turkish video)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/C1034611-E420-4CBB-853C-4735DFB8AB12.jpg",
        "id": "6362_1",
        "answer": [
            "VOA\u2019s Turkish service said the protesters were Kurdish supporters of pro-Kurdish lawmaker Selahattin Demirtas who were calling for his release from prison. ",
            "pro-Kurdish lawmaker Selahattin Demirtas"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Demonstrators ",
            "Turkish"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_07_3890912",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_07_3890912_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the people in the image makes?",
        "context": "US Muslims and Jews Strengthen Bonds Amid Acts of Bigotry\nNEW YORK \u2014\u00a0\nThey sat on either end of the congressmen's couch, one a Jewish healthcare executive whose parents fled Germany in 1936, the other the Kashmiri Muslim chairman of a well-known American furniture chain. The men, Stanley Bergman and Farooq Kathwari, came to draw attention to an outbreak of hate crimes. But Bergman and Kathwari hoped their joint appearance would also send a broader message: that U.S. Jews and Muslims could put aside differences and work together.\n\"What drove us was the growing prejudice that has emerged in the United States,\" Bergman said. \"What starts small, from a historical point of view, often grows into something big.\"\nThe men lead the Muslim-Jewish Advisory Council, created last year by the American Jewish Committee and the Islamic Society of North America, amid a flowering of alliances between members of the two faiths. U.S. Muslim and Jewish groups have been trying for years to make common cause with mixed success, often derailed by deep divisions over Israel and the Palestinians.\nBut bigoted rhetoric and harassment targeting both religions since the presidential election has drawn people together. Jews have donated to repair mosques that were defaced or burned. Muslims raised money to repair vandalized Jewish cemeteries. Rabbis and imams marched together against President Donald Trump's travel ban targeting majority Muslim countries.\n\"I would never have thought I would see some people in conversation, or anywhere near each other. Then I saw people on Facebook standing next to each other at protests \u2014 Muslims and Jews,\" said Aziza Hasan, executive director of NewGround: A Muslim-Jewish Partnership for Change in Los Angeles, which has run community relationship-building programs for more than a decade.\nYet despite this surge of goodwill, questions remain about whether these new connections can endure. The sense of vulnerability Muslims and Jews share, and their need for allies at a difficult time, have not erased tensions that in the past have kept them apart.\n\"This is a start and we'll see how it goes,\" said Talat Othman, a financial industry executive and Muslim-Jewish Advisory Council member, who offered an Islamic prayer at the 2000 Republican National Convention. \"We are hopeful.\"\nJews and Muslims comprise the two largest non-Christian faith groups in the United States and have a long history of trying to work together.\nThe chancellor of the Jewish Theological Seminary in New York, the flagship institution of Conservative Judaism, initiated a dialogue with Muslims in 1956, according to documents in the school's archive. Rabbi Jack Bemporad, a pioneer in Muslim-Jewish dialogue and founder the Center for Interreligious Understanding in New Jersey, said his efforts started in the 1970s when he led a Dallas synagogue and local imams started attending his weekly Bible classes.\nOver the years, many initiatives on improving relations between the two faiths were organized internationally by governments and peace groups, while some American synagogues and mosques attempted to build friendships locally. Some progress was made, yet relations were often derailed when violence, war and policy disputes erupted in the Middle East.\nIn Los Angeles, Hasan said local discussions between Muslim and Jewish leaders would falter when participants from one faith would demand those of the other condemn an action in Israel and the Palestinian territories. \"It would go back and forth, then eventually Jews asked Muslims to condemn something they couldn't so they walked away from the table,\" Hasan said.\nThen came the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks, prompting a backlash against American Muslims, and efforts to create connections with Jews began moving \"at warp speed,\" said Rabbi Burton Visotzky, a Jewish Theological Seminary scholar and a longtime leader in Muslim-Jewish cooperation. Visotzky's outreach has ranged from a 2008 global interfaith meeting convened by King Abdullah of Saudi Arabia to serving collard greens at a soup kitchen alongside members of a New York mosque.\nStill, the deep divide over Israel and the Palestinians remained an obstacle. Some Jews and Muslims pledged to avoid any mention of the Mideast as they sought common ground. Others hit the issue up front, but their talks foundered. Yehuda Kurtzer, president of the Shalom Hartman Institute of North America, an educational organization with extensive interfaith programs, said U.S. Muslims and Jews, had become \"proxy warriors\" for conflicts thousands of miles away.\nAt the same time, advocates for building ties between the faiths regularly encountered skepticism or outright hostility from within their own communities. \"Many Jews feel that Muslims around the world are a source of threat to Jews, then why be in dialogue?\" Kurtzer said.\nAbout six years ago, Bemporad organized a conference on Islamic and Jewish law, but the event was closed to the public, in part to avoid pushback against participants. \"We had to break the ice somehow,\" Bemporad said. \"We thought the way we did it, you could be free to say whatever you wanted.\"\nHe said religious leaders working on such projects are much more open now. Still, the growth of the boycott, divestment and sanctions movement against Israel and in support of the Palestinians has further complicated relations.\nThe movement, known as BDS, is decentralized and its supporters use different strategies, but many backers say interfaith dialogue with Zionists undermines the Palestinian cause. It has become common for American Jewish organizations to draw a hard line against working with backers of BDS \u2014 from any faith. Meanwhile, BDS activists consider it traitorous for Muslims to work with supporters of Israel.\nThis issue came to the fore over the Shalom Hartman Institute's Muslim Leadership Initiative, which brings American Muslims to Israel to study Judaism and Zionism. Kurtzer said the first year of the program was kept \"completely under the radar.\" When the participants became known in 2014, Muslims who took part were accused of allowing themselves to be manipulated and violating BDS.\nAmong the participants was attorney Rabia Chaudry, a specialist in countering extremism and a longtime supporter of Palestinian rights. She acknowledged the risks from participating in the program, but said she did so hoping to find a new way forward. Last October, the Council of Islamic Organizations of Greater Chicago dropped plans to present her an achievement award because of her work with the Shalom Hartman Institute. Chaudry, now a member of the Muslim-Jewish Advisory Council, said she was not angry. \"They felt terrible about it. They got even more criticism for rescinding it,\" she said.\nSince Trump's election, members of both faiths seem more willing to set aside such differences as they work on civil rights and other issues, said Abdullah Antepli, who was the first Muslim chaplain at Duke University and is co-director of the Shalom Hartman Institute's Muslim Leadership Initiative.\nIt's impossible to know definitively whether harassment based on religion has increased. The FBI's most recent data on hate crimes is from 2015. Still, the last year or so has seen some dramatic examples of bigotry, including the waves of phoned-in bomb threats to Jewish Community Centers around the country. Mosques in Florida and Texas were recently set on fire, and authorities were investigating whether the suspected arsons could be considered hate crimes.\n\"It's particularly a Trump effect,\" Antepli said. \"External forces make the Muslim and Jewish communities need each other's friendship.\"\nWhen New York Arab-American activist and BDS supporter Linda Sarsour recently helped raise more than $150,000 for the damaged Jewish cemeteries, some Jews debated whether it would be ethical to accept the donation. But in a sign of changing attitudes, several mainstream Jewish leaders who had worked with her previously defended her.\nThis new dynamic was evident at a recent New York vigil organized by the Sisterhood of Salaam Shalom, a national organization that brings together Muslim and Jewish women. The gathering at the Jewish Theological Seminary was part of the organization's response to Trump's travel ban. At their vigil, they walked to the front of the room in pairs \u2014 a Muslim and a Jew \u2014 to offer readings and prayers in Arabic and Hebrew. After the ceremony, the women hugged and posed together for selfies.\n\"There's a sense of immediate rapport and connection,\" said Donna Cephas, a national board member of the Sisterhood, which has added dozens of chapters in the past year. \"There is a significant yearning to be in community with people who stand for what we stand for.\"\n",
        "caption": "From left, Eftakhar Alam, with the Washington Islamic Society of North America; Rabbi Julie Schonfeld; Eli Epstein; Belle Yoeli and Ken Bandler, with the American Jewish Committee, meet with staff members from the office of Rep. Adriano Espaillat, D-N.Y., on Capitol Hill in Washington, Feb. 1, 2017. Bigoted rhetoric and harassment targeting both religions since the 2016 presidential election has drawn people together.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/69FE9AED-4C87-4F48-8C0F-19D0E7C8FBFE.jpg",
        "id": "22829_1",
        "answer": [
            "Muslim-Jewish Advisory Council"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "American Jewish Committee"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_20_3773851",
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    },
    {
        "question": "What is the goal of the people in the image?",
        "context": "Islamic State Regroups in Parts of Iraq\nLONDON \u2014\u00a0\nA car-bombing in east Mosul is confirming fears of some analysts that the offensive against the Islamic State is dealing the terror group military defeats but not necessarily political setbacks.\nMore than 190 days since U.S.-backed Iraqi security forces launched their campaign to oust IS fighters from Mosul, the militants remain in parts of the western half of the city. And last month IS detonated a car bomb in the Zuhur district of east Mosul that left four dead and 14 wounded. \nSections of Mosul still not cleared of IS fighters\nZuhur was meant to have been cleared of Sunni militants back in January when Baghdad declared eastern Mosul \u201cfully liberated,\u201d but the bombing demonstrated that active IS cells are still operating there, despite strenuous efforts by Iraqi security personnel to unearth them. \n\u201cOut but not down,\u201d is how Kyle Orton, an analyst with the Henry Jackson Society, a London-based think tank, describes the terror group\u2019s strategic position.Zuhur \u201cis part of a pattern of attacks that suggests the Mosul operation itself was rushed and more importantly that IS is already recovering in liberated areas,\u201d he warned in a study for the think tank. \nHe cautions, \u201cIS\u2019s loss of territory should not be seen as the sole measure of how this war is going.\u201d U.S. and Iraqi officials estimate IS now controls just seven percent of the country, down from a high of 40 percent. \nA member of the Iraqi Federal Police walks next to a destroyed house after their clashes with the Islamic State fighters in western Mosul, Iraq.\nMilitary, not political, defeats for IS forces\nIS hopes to emulate itsprecursor jihadist organizations, which were able to weather the military defeats inflicted on them by U.S. forces during the 2007-08 Surge. \nThe group is exploiting its strategic depth in remote territory both in west and east Iraq \u2014 in the Euphrates River Valley bordering Syria, the Jalam desert east of Samarra and in the Hamrin mountains \u2014 to launch hit-and-run attacks like an April 23 ambush on a government military convey near the western Iraq town of Rutba that left 10 Iraqi soldiers dead.\nIS\u2019s official spokesman, Abu Mohammad al Adnani, before his death in a targeted drone strike, presaged IS\u2019s post-Mosul strategy in a 2016 audio-message to followers, in apparent reference to the 2007 Surge, he said: \u201cWere we defeated when we lost the cities in Iraq and were in the desert without any city or land? \u2026It is the same, whether Allah blesses us with consolidation or we move into the bare, open desert, displaced and pursued.\u201d\nIraqi Kurdish security forces stand next to the car of Mohammed Younis, a senior official of Iraq's state-run North Gas Company (NGC) who was killed by gunmen, in the northern oil city of Kirkuk, Iraq, May 2, 2017.\nIS presence in Kirkuk\nIS has regrouped in the oil-rich province of Kirkuk. The militants still control half the province. \u201cA lot of these terrorists have been able to escape from Mosul, escape from other places and regroup,\u201d Najmidin Karin, governor of Kirkuk province, observed recently. \nThe jihadists presence in Kirkuk was not challenged early on in the anti-IS offensive, argues Orton and others. \u201cHawija sits in a prime location to cause mayhem behind the lines, and has done so,\u201d according to Orton. Although besieged by Kurdish peshmerga forces since last August, IS fighters appear to have little trouble slipping in and out to launch attacks from Hawija on nearby cities. \n\u201cIn simple military terms, Hawija should have been cleared before Mosul,\u201d says Orton. Recently, Iraqi commanders announced they\u2019re considering an assault on the town, which is overwhelmingly Sunni Arab, using Shi\u2019ite militias. That would continue, argues Orton, \u201cone of the worst aspects of the campaign against IS, namely the use of demographically inappropriate forces to cleanse local areas that has meant IS\u2019s military losses are not political losses.\u201d \nMixed military results\nWhen it comes to Mosul, Baghdad has managed to prevent Shi\u2019ite militias from entering the city, allowing the offensive inside to be conducted by regular Iraqi security forces. Even so, most Iraqi soldiers are Shi\u2019ite, which doesn\u2019t help Baghdad with its hearts-and-minds campaign for the longterm loyalty of local Sunnis. \nThanks to the terror group\u2019s brutal handling of civilians the Shi\u2019ite influx into Mosul has not turned Sunnis en masse against the security forces. But rising civilian casualties in west Mosul from coalition airstrikes is starting to anger local Sunnis. \nIn neighboring Syria, analyst Charles Lister of the Middle East Institute in Washington also worries about the unfolding anti-IS offensive and the assault on Raqqa repeating tactical missteps observed in Iraq, especially if mainly Kurdish forces are used for the assault on IS\u2019s de facto capital. \u201cThe United States does not need to rush our push to Raqqa. Doing so risks achieving the short-term objective \u2013 the city\u2019s capture \u2013 but securing groups like ISIS with an invaluable narrative victory,\u201d he said last week in congressional testimony. \n",
        "caption": "Iraqi Kurdish security forces stand next to the car of Mohammed Younis, a senior official of Iraq's state-run North Gas Company (NGC) who was killed by gunmen, in the northern oil city of Kirkuk, Iraq, May 2, 2017.",
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            "to oust IS fighters from Mosul"
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            "forces"
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    {
        "question": "What event shadowed the meeting of the people in the image?",
        "context": "Trump, Russian FM Hold Talks on Syria, Other Flashpoints \nWHITE HOUSE \u2014\u00a0\nA day after firing the head of the agency investigating his administration\u2019s ties to Russia, President Donald Trump hosted Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov at the White House for talks focusing largely on Syria.\n\u201cI had a very good meeting with Lavrov. I thought it was very, very good,\u201d Trump told reporters after the meeting.\nSitting in the Oval Office with former Secretary of State Henry Kissinger at his side, Trump gave few details about his discussion with the Russian diplomat. \n\u201cI think that we\u2019re going to do very well with respect to Syria,\u201d he said. \u201cI think things are happening that are really, really, really positive. We\u2019re going to stop the killing and the death.\u201d\nThe Lavrov visit marks the highest-level meeting Trump has held with a top Moscow official since assuming power, and it comes a month after the president said relations between Washington and Moscow may be at an all-time low. \nPresident Donald Trump, right, meets Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov at the White House in Washington, May 10, 2017. (Russian Foreign Ministry photo via AP)\nU.S. and Russian officials have said discussions are under way for a possible meeting between Trump and President Vladimir Putin on the sidelines of the G-20 summit in Germany in July.\nSpeaking to reporters at the Russian embassy after the meeting, Lavrov was more specific. \n\u201cWe discussed Syria in great detail in the context of the ideas that have been put forth regarding the setting up of de-escalation areas\u201d he said. \u201cWe have got a common understanding regarding the fact that, that should be a step that would contribute to the cessation of violence throughout the territory of Syria. It will be a step to contribute to the settlement of humanitarian problems.\u201d\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nSyria Tops Agenda in Trump-Lavrov Meeting\nShare this video\n0:02:35\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:35\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 7.3MB\n360p | 10.8MB\n720p | 68.3MB\n1080p | 45.6MB\nOther topics\nA readout of the meeting issued by the White House said the talks also included other regional hotspots.\n\u201cPresident Trump emphasized the need to work together to end the conflict in Syria, in particular, underscoring the need for Russia to rein in the Assad regime, Iran, and Iranian proxies,\u201d the statement said.\nJonathan Adelman, international affairs professor at the University of Denver, told VOA that Russia has a powerful role to play in Syria but must make some decisions about its campaign there.\n\u201cOne is, are they going to take a realistic American offer to work on ending the terror that\u2019s killed over 400,000 Syrians, or are they going to stay together, especially with Iran, which is very hostile to the United States,\u201d Adelman said.\nThe White House statement about Wednesday\u2019s meeting also noted Trump\u2019s desire to build a stronger bilateral relationship with Moscow on a wide variety of topics.\n\u201cThe president raised Ukraine, and expressed his administration\u2019s commitment to remain engaged in resolving the conflict and stressed Russia\u2019s responsibility to fully implement the Minsk agreements. He also raised the possibility of broader cooperation on resolving conflicts in the Middle East and elsewhere,\u201d according to the text.\nU.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson (R) waves to the media next to Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov before their meeting at the State Department in Washington, May 10, 2017.\nAt an early morning meeting with Secretary of State Rex Tillerson, Lavrov feigned ignorance about Trump\u2019s dismissal of FBI Director James Comey. When a reporter shouted a question about the firing, Lavrov replied, \u201cWas he fired? You\u2019re kidding. You\u2019re kidding.\u201d\nTillerson and Lavrov met in Moscow last month, amid tensions over the U.S. bombing of a Syrian airfield after alleged chemical attacks by Syrian forces on civilians, including many children.\nRussia, U.S. election\nThe visit by Russia\u2019s top diplomat seems to signal a step forward in the chilly Moscow-Washington relationship. At a White House news conference April 12, Trump said, \u201cRight now we\u2019re not getting along with Russia at all.\u201d\nThe relationship has been clouded by allegations of collusion between Russia and Trump\u2019s presidential campaign, which many believe may have influenced the outcome of the November election.\nOn Tuesday, Trump fired Comey, who had been leading the investigation into whether there was collusion between the Trump campaign and Russian officials. So far, the probe has uncovered no evidence of to substantiate the collusion charge.\nFILE -FBI Director James Comey testifies on Capitol Hill in Washington, May 3, 2017, before the Senate Judiciary Committee hearing: \"Oversight of the Federal Bureau of Investigation.\"\nReuters reported Wednesday from Moscow that the Kremlin had said it hoped Comey\u2019s firing would not affect Russia\u2019s ties with the United States, saying it believed his dismissal had nothing to do with Russia.\nAt his news conference Wednesday, Lavrov scoffed at a question about the possibility of Russian meddling in the U.S. election.\n\u201cI never thought that I would have to answer such questions particularly being in the U.S.,\u201d Lavrov told reporters. \u201cThere is not a single fact, there is no compelling evidence given to anyone regarding Russia\u2019s intervention and that\u2019s it.\u201d\nSyria sticking point\nFormer U.S. Ambassador to Moscow Alexander Vershbow, now with the Atlantic Council research institute, told VOA that the two countries have their work cut out to find a common approach on the Syria question.\n\u201cOn Syria we both claim to be seeking the same thing, which is an end to the civil war and a transition to some kind of new government acceptable to all the people of Syria. But of course when you get down to the details, we can\u2019t seem to agree on anything,\u201d Vershbow said.\nHe says the main sticking point remains whether Syria\u2019s future includes President Bashar al-Assad, whom the U.S. and most other countries say must step down, but Russia supports. Also at issue, Russia, Iran and Turkey signed a deal on \u201cde-escalation zones\u201d \u2014 or safe zones for Syria civilians \u2014 at talks in Astana, Kazakhstan, last week. The U.S. only sent an envoy to the talks as an observer.\nVOA\u2019s Victor Beattie contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson (R) waves to the media next to Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov before their meeting at the State Department in Washington, May 10, 2017.",
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            "U.S. bombing of a Syrian airfield",
            "the U.S. bombing of a Syrian airfield"
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            "Tillerson and Lavrov",
            "U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson (R) waves to the media next to Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov"
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    },
    {
        "question": "What do the people in the image want?",
        "context": "Weakened Graft Law Ignites Furor, Criticism in Romania\nBUCHAREST, ROMANIA \u2014\u00a0\nRomania's new decree diluting the country's corruption law ignited a furor Thursday, prompting strong criticism from home and abroad and a declaration from the president that he would ask judges to declare it unconstitutional.\nThousands protested for the second night in Bucharest, the capital, and some 20 other Romanian cities, calling for the government to resign after issuing the watered-down emergency degree a day earlier.\nBut Prime Minister Sorin Grindeanu said the government would not repeal the decree, deepening the political crisis.\nPresident Klaus Iohannis announced he will take the decree to the Constitutional Court, the last legal resort to stop the law by the ruling center-left Social Democrats, whose leader, Liviu Dragnea, is among those with a corruption conviction.\nProtester Florin Varlan, 42, said Thursday evening that he would continue to protest, after Dragnea \"came out today and showed he understood nothing.''\nThe ordinance decriminalizes official misconduct if the funds involved are less than 200,000 lei ($47,800). Critics say the measure helps government allies and other officials facing corruption charges get out of prison or clear their records and claim it will encourage more officials to steal on the job.\nDragnea defended the decree, which did not go through parliament, saying it would not \"free corrupt people.'' Dragnea also called Iohannis \"the moral author'' of the sporadic violence that broke out late Wednesday between police and protesters.\nDragnea, who has a two-year suspended prison sentence for vote rigging, says he wants a retrial. The conviction bars him from serving as prime minister, which he says is unfair.\nIn a statement, the U.S., Germany, Canada, Finland, the Netherlands and France said Romania's government had undermined \"progress on rule of law and the fight against corruption over the past ten years.''\nEuropean Commission vice president Frank Timmermans urged the Romanian government on Thursday to \"urgently reconsider'' the decree, warning that if it is adopted, it could affect the EU funds that Romania gets.\nEven some prominent Social Democrats were upset with the decree.\nBusiness Environment Minister Florin Jianu announced his resignation, saying he disagreed with the government's stance on corruption. Mihai Chirica, the mayor of Iasi and a deputy chairman of the Social Democrats, urged the government to scrap the decree and send another bill on the topic to Parliament for debate and approval. He also said Justice Minister Florin Iordache should resign.\nIordache, who has come under heavy fire for publishing the decree, has temporarily handed his duties over to a subordinate, a spokeswoman said.\n",
        "caption": "A protester waving a Romanian flag during a protest in Bucharest, Romania, Feb. 2, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/3C75D604-FA74-4820-B9A2-C9EDD27CB8A8.jpg",
        "id": "19300_1",
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            "None",
            "the government to resign"
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    {
        "question": "Who buys the item being manufactured in the image?",
        "context": "Czech Firms Plot Successions as Post-Communist Founders Retire\nOLBRAMOVICE, CZECH REPUBLIC \u2014\u00a0\nVladimir Jehlicka and his business partners spent 25 years building up their Czech machinery firm before deciding to call it a day.\nHowever, they faced a problem that is growing as the first generation of post-communist entrepreneurs nears retirement.\nTheir children weren't interested in running the shop but equally Jehlicka and his three partners didn't want to sell their life's work simply to the highest bidder: securing a future for the firm was as important as the sale price.\nIn the end they found a suitable buyer for STS Olbramovice, which employs 90 people making cattle feeders and other farm machinery. The sale went through in January, part of a business that is long-established in western Europe but new and rapidly expanding in former communist countries such as the Czech Republic: managing ownership succession at family firms.\n\u201cWe decided to sell after a long hesitation,\u201d 63-year-old Jehlicka said. \"Our children's focus is very varied, there was no interest to take over running the firm.\u201d\n\u201cOur main criterion for picking a future owner was a pledge to maintain production and jobs,\u201d he told Reuters.\nFour decades of communism largely eliminated legal private enterprise in the country and its neighbors such as Hungary, Slovakia and Poland. But after 1989, managers or employees often clubbed together to buy frequently decrepit state enterprises, while other entrepreneurs started businesses from scratch.\nA quarter century later, many of these owners now need to hand over what have become valuable firms. Some find successors in the family; most look for other options including management buy-ins or a sale, creating an opportunity for investors.\nSales of family firms are in vogue. Consultants KPMG said they accounted for 30-40 percent of the Czech transactions it took part in over the last two years in the 20 million-60 million euro range.\nThe country's small bourse and cheap acquisition financing mean direct sales are preferred to stock market floats.\nThe trend is likely to accelerate in Slovakia as well.\n\u201cThis is a transition from the first founder generation to the second. In several firms it is already happening, in most it will happen in the upcoming period,\u201d said Mario Fondati, a Bratislava-based partner at Amrop consultancy.\nConsultants KPMG have been buying family businesses in the Czech Republic over the last two years.\nA good match\nJehlicka's firm, based in the village of Olbramovice about 50 km (30 miles) south of Prague, has annual sales of 5 million euros ($5.3 million) and EBITDA operating profits nearing half a million euros. In SkyLimit Industry it believes it has found a buyer that is a good match.\nSkyLimit is a new Czech investment fund that targets machinery-making firms facing generational change, with up to 500 million crowns ($20 million) in annual sales. It took on another fund, RSJ Investments SICAV, as a junior partner in buying STS Olbramovice.\nSkyLimit says it wants to keep its holdings for the long term, acting more like a strategic investor, and help company managements in making major decisions.\nSTS was its first transaction \u2014 it says only that the price was in the single millions of euros \u2014 and plans about two to three purchases a year to build a group of manufacturing firms.\nThe fund's board member Michal Bakajsa told Reuters that smaller industrial companies in the sector can be found at lower multiples of their operating earnings than bigger firms. It aims to assure sellers of their businesses' future and make sure there are managers who will stay on under the new ownership.\n\u201cMany companies reject classic financial investors, they fear what would happen with them. Many are in smaller towns, the people know each other, the owners employ people for many years, they are often friends,\u201d Bakajsa said. \u201cWe look at companies that have in some way an independently functioning management, where the company does not stand and fall with the owner.\u201d\nPetr Kriz, head of mergers and acquisitions at consultancy EY in Prague, said there were 310 M&A transactions in the Czech market last year, up from 185 in 2015. A few dozen were related to succession, with the market in general lifted by a surplus of liquid capital.\nA survey by the Czech Association of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises among 400 family-type companies last year showed 60 percent would consider a sale if an attractive offer comes.\nA fund run by Genesis Capital bought 75 percent last year in Quinta-Analytica, a firm supplying analysis and clinical studies for drug makers. Genesis bought the stake from three out of five owners who wanted to exit after 20 years in the business.\n\u201c[Generation shift] is an important and large share of deal origination for us,\u201d said Genesis Capital's managing partner Jan Tauber. \u201cWhat we can offer is creating structures allowing owners to depart gradually.\u201d\nLast year Genesis sold AZ Klima, an air conditioning and cooling systems supplier, along with the firm's founder Jiri Cizek who still held a 30 percent stake. AZ Klima's purchase by Czech energy firm CEZ completed a five-year ownership transition: from Cizek and his partner, who together built up the firm in the early 1990s, through the financial investor Genesis to the strategic buyer CEZ.\nWorkers assemble hospital beds in Linet factory in Slany, Czech Republic, Feb. 7, 2017.\nMoney-printing contest\nSome entrepreneurs are reluctant to invest their wealth outside the companies they founded at a time when the loose monetary policies of the U.S. Federal Reserve, European Central Bank and Czech National Bank make good returns hard to achieve.\nZbynek Frolik, 63, founded Linet in 1990 and now employs 900 people making hospital beds for customers in over 100 countries.\nHe has handed over daily business to an executive director and is considering what to do next, but is not selling his 33 percent stake for now.\nOne reason is that the best way he knows to manage his money is to invest it back into his own business. In his experience, putting it elsewhere doesn't work.\n\u201cYou'd have to be solving the problem of what to do with money at a time when the Czech National Bank, the ECB and the Fed are all printing money like it was a contest, and everyone is looking where to invest,\u201d he said.\nStill others are looking at a philanthropic exit, such as Dalibor Dedek, 59, who founded the Jablotron group in 1990. He sold a 40 percent stake in the firm, which employs 600 making house alarms and other electronics, to its executive manager Miroslav Jarolim last year. Dedek plans to hand the rest to a charitable body and not his children.\n\u201cI want my share to be put into some foundation or an institution that will not die with me,\u201d he told Reuters. \u201cI did not build the firm for the family. I do not want to punish my children by forcing them to deal with money problems.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "Workers assemble hospital beds in Linet factory in Slany, Czech Republic, Feb. 7, 2017. Zbynek Frolik, 63, founded Linet in 1990 and now employs 900 people making hospital beds. Frolik gave up leading the company on a daily basis, but still has a 33 percent stake in the business. ",
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            "customers in over 100 countries"
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    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person holding the paper in the image do?",
        "context": "Trump's Pick to Lead FBI Pledges Impartial Pursuit of Justice\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. President Donald Trump's choice to lead the Federal Bureau of Investigation, Christopher Wray, assured lawmakers Wednesday the agency would continue to be free of political influence as it conducts business operations, including a special prosecutor's probe into Russia's meddling in the 2016 presidential election.\n\u201cI believe to my core that there is only one right way to do this job, and that is with strict independence, by the book, playing it straight, faithful to the Constitution, faithful to our laws, and faithful to the best practices of the institution,\u201d Wray said.\nWatch: Trump's FBI Pick Pledges Independence from White House\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTrump's FBI Pick Pledges Independence from White House\nShare this video\n0:02:32\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:32\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 7.3MB\n360p | 11.0MB\n720p | 67.1MB\n1080p | 45.3MB\nWray, a defense attorney and a former Justice Department official, faced questions during his confirmation hearing from members of the Senate Judiciary Committee, including inquiries about whether he can work independently from the White House.\nWhite House deputy press secretary Sarah Huckabee Sanders said the White House was pleased with the hearing.\n\"During his hearing, Chris Wray continually displayed the strong character, deep knowledge and moral integrity that make him, as former Democrat Senator Sam Nunn testified, 'the leader the FBI needs at this critical moment.'\"\nThe hearing was held as Trump faces months of multiple investigations into allegations his campaign colluded with Russian officials to help him win the White House and that he possibly obstructed justice by firing former FBI Director James Comey while leading the FBI's investigation into Russia.\nSenate Judiciary Committee member Sen. Patrick Leahy, D-Vt., speaks on Capitol Hill in Washington, July 12, 2017, during the committee's confirmation hearing for FBI Director nominee Christopher Wray.\nIn response to a question from Democratic Senator Patrick Leahy about how he would respond if the president asked him to perform a task that was \u201cunlawful or unethical,\u201d Wray said, \u201cFirst I would try to talk him out of it, and if that failed, I would resign.\u201d\nU.S. intelligence agencies have concluded that Russia interfered in the election by launching a campaign that included planting fake election-related stories throughout social media outlets in the United States and hacking into the computer files of Clinton's campaign chief, John Podesta.\nWhen Republican Senator Lindsey Graham asked if he questioned the agencies findings, Wray responded, \u201cI have no reason to doubt the conclusions of the intelligence community\u201d and added \u201cto interfere with our election is an adversarial act.\u201d\nSenate Judiciary Committee member Sen. Lindsey Graham, R-S.C., left, accompanied by fellow committee member Sen. Orrin Hatch, R-Utah, questions FBI Director nominee Christopher Wray, July 12, 2017, on Capitol Hill in Washington.\nWray faced questions about his relationships with Comey and Robert Mueller, a former FBI director who was appointed by the Justice Department to serve as special counsel in charge of the agency's Russian investigation. Wray worked at the Justice Department in 2004 when Comey was deputy attorney general and Mueller was FBI director.\nAsked if he would inform the committee of any attempts to interfere with Mueller's probe, Wray responded, \u201cI would consult with the appropriate officials to make sure that I'm not jeopardizing an investigation or anything like that, but I would consider an effort to tamper with director Mueller's investigation to be unacceptable and inappropriate and would need to be dealt with very sternly.\u201d\nWray also testified the White House has not asked him for a pledge of loyalty nor would he provide one.\n\u201cNo one asked me for any kind of loyalty oath at any point during this process, and I sure as heck didn't offer one,\u201d he said.\nRussia allegations\nThe hearings come amid new revelations about the Trump campaign's contacts with Russia last year. The president's eldest son, Donald Trump, Jr., released emails on Tuesday that indicated he met with a Russian attorney last June to discuss allegedly compromising information about Democratic presidential candidate Hillary Clinton. The emails also showed the younger Trump was told the information would be conveyed as part of the Russian government's campaign to help his father win the election.\nThe president has repeatedly described the Russia investigations as a witch hunt, including in a tweet early Wednesday that applauded his son's defense of his actions in a Tuesday televised interview.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;My son Donald did a good job last night. He was open, transparent and innocent. This is the greatest Witch Hunt in political history. Sad!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/885081181980590084\\\"\\u0026gt;July 12, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nWray testified, \u201cIt would be wise to let the FBI know\u201d about meetings with the Russian government or any other foreign actor about U.S. elections and added he does \"not consider Mr. Mueller to be on a witch hunt.\"\n\u201cTo the members of this committee, any threat or effort to interfere with our elections from any nation-state or any non-state actor is the kind of thing the FBI would want to know.\u201d\nCommittee member Dianne Feinstein, a Democrat, said in opening remarks it is imperative that the FBI continue to operate without political pressure.\u201cThe FBI director does not serve the president, he serves the Constitution, the law, and the American people,\u201d Feinstein said. \u201cAs such, the director of the FBI must be a leader who has the integrity and strength that will enable him to withstand any attempts at political interference.\u201d\nSen. Dianne Feinstein, D-Calif., ranking member on the Senate Judiciary Committee, speaks on Capitol Hill in Washington, July 12, 2017, during the committee's confirmation hearing for FBI Director nominee Christopher Wray.\nRepublican committee chairman Chuck Grassley said, \u201cThere are no restrictions on the ability of any president to fire any director,\u201d a position that has a 10-year term limit \u201cto help prevent the FBI director from overreaching or abusing power.\u201d\nWray must be confirmed by the full Senate before he can assume the position of director. FBI agents and lawyers who have worked with Wray describe him as dedicated and discreet with the apparent ability to avoid political influence.\n",
        "caption": "Senate Judiciary Committee member Sen. Lindsey Graham, R-S.C., left, accompanied by fellow committee member Sen. Orrin Hatch, R-Utah, questions FBI Director nominee Christopher Wray, July 12, 2017, on Capitol Hill in Washington.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/5048FFEC-3252-49FE-8675-2DE83FFF5547.jpg",
        "id": "11553_3",
        "answer": [
            "asked if he questioned the agencies findings",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Lindsey Graham"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_12_3941001",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_12_3941001_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What will the people in the image do?",
        "context": "Tensions Persist After Erdogan-Trump Meeting\nISTANBUL \u2014\u00a0\nTurkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan is attempting to put a positive spin on his Washington encounter with his U.S. counterpart Donald Trump, calling it a \"new awakening\" in bilateral relations.\nBut behind joint commitments \"to work together in the war against terrorism,\" reaction has been cool in Turkey, with a recognition that the much-heralded \"pivotal\" encounter failed to deliver any breakthrough in ongoing points of bilateral tension.\n\"Trump, Erdogan seek to strengthen ties: White House,\" read a less than enthusiastic headline of the pro-Erdogan Turkish Yeni Safak newspaper. \n\"It was an important meeting, but to qualify it as pivotal, some long-lasting big-time decisions have to be made. This was no such meeting,\" said Sinan Ulgen, a visiting scholar of the Carnegie Institute in Brussels, adding, \"On many issues which continue to divide Turkey and the U.S., there does not seem to be a particular convergence.\"\nErdogan had pledged to seek to reverse Trump's decision to arm the Syrian Kurdish militia, the YPG, in its fight against the Islamic State. Ankara accuses the militia of being a terrorist organization affiliated with the PKK, which is fighting the Turkish State.\nFILE - President Donald Trump meets with Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan in the Oval Office of the White House in Washington, May 16, 2017.\n\"Erdogan was hoping to use his much-vaunted persuasive skills in high-level meetings when he met Trump,\" noted Atilla Yesilada, a political consultant of Global Source Partners.\nBut the Turkish president had little opportunity to persuade Trump, with his meeting lasting only a reported 22 minutes. The two leaders' meeting was followed by a luncheon involving officials from both sides. \n\"The fact the initial meeting was so short is another indication that this was essentially a preparatory meeting where many issues on the bilateral relationship were not discussed in depth,\" noted analyst Ulgen.\nGulen remains an issue\nErdogan's calls for the extradition of Islamic cleric Fethullah Gulen, too, appears to have made little headway. Ankara blames Gulen for masterminding last July's failed coup attempt. \"Possible steps\" were discussed on the issue, wrote Ibrahim Kalin, Erdogan's top adviser, in a statement. Ankara is also reportedly pressing for Gulen's detention ahead of extradition hearings.\nThe failure to make any breakthrough on key issues of dispute was widely predicted, but resolving such disputes may not have been the main purpose of Erdogan's visit.\nFILE - U.S.-based cleric Fethullah Gulen at his home in Saylorsburg, Pennsylvania, July 29, 2016.\n\"The single most important outcome from the Turkish perspective of this visit was clear \u2014 that is, to garner international legitimacy for the referendum results and the Erdogan presidency,\" said former senior Turkish diplomat Aydin Selcen, who served in Washington and Iraq. \"Of course the U.S. being sole global power, to have the photograph at the Oval Office was the sole target of Erdogan's visit. From that perspective, it was a success.\"\nYPG at status quo\nLast month, Erdogan narrowly won a controversial referendum victory extending his powers. Allegations of vote rigging continue to dog the result, with Trump remaining the only western ally to congratulate Erdogan's success.\nDuring talks with Erdogan, Trump reportedly did not raise human rights concerns and an ongoing crackdown on dissent, despite more than 60 members of Congress expressing their concern over the deteriorating situation.\nThe U.S. president also extended support to Ankara's war against the PKK. \"They will have no safe quarter,\" Trump said.\n\"All talk, no walk. That support was already there,\" noted former Turkish diplomat Selcen. \"Does that entail a green light from Washington for Turkey to carry out similar airstrikes as Ankara did against the YPG? I don't think so.\"\nErdogan has warned that his forces are ready to launch cross-border operations against the Kurdish rebels based in Iraq. Just hours before Erdogan sat down with Trump, Turkish Prime Minister Binali Yildirim made a less than thinly veiled warning of military incursions if Washington fails to address Turkish concerns.\nTurkish military forces remain massed on both the Syrian and Iraqi borders close to position of the YPG. Last month, Turkish forces struck YPG targets in Syria and Iraq, in the face of U.S. opposition, with one strike narrowly missing U.S. special forces. \"I would expect more of the same. The same tensions will continue,\" predicted former diplomat Selcen, \"yet at the same time, some sort cooperation will continue concerning Syria and Iraq, as well.\"\nBut such differences with Washington will be tempered by Ankara's increasingly vulnerable position.\n\"From Erdogan's perspective and Ankara's perspective, the relationship with the U.S. is at a critical importance, at a time when Turkey's relationships with its other partners in the West have entered a period of acrimony and difficulty. Therefore, the relationship with Washington and the need for a sound relationship with the new U.S. president is now more important than ever,\" said analyst Ulgen.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Turkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, left, shakes hands with U.S President Donald Trump as they give statements to reporters in the Roosevelt Room of the White House in Washington, May 16, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/9BAA9347-D22C-4F0C-8FCB-C0C9782B97F6.jpg",
        "id": "4933_1",
        "answer": [
            "strengthen ties",
            "Work together in the war against terrorism"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Recep Tayyip Erdogan and Donald Trump",
            "Trump, Erdogan"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_17_3854634",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_17_3854634_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person on the pictures in the image do?",
        "context": "Manhunt Underway for IS-linked Militant in Philippines \nPhilippine President Rodrigo Duterte on Tuesday declared the country's restive south under martial rule for 60 days after security forces' attempt to capture a top Islamic State-linked militant leader failed, setting off clashes that left a major southern city under siege.\nThe Philippine military on Tuesday raided a house in Marawi city where IS leader Isnilon Hapilon was thought to be recuperating from wounds suffered in a previous clash. Hapilon is the country's most-wanted man, with a $5 million bounty placed on his head by the U.S. for alleged terrorist acts against American citizens.\n\"This afternoon at 2 p.m., we launched a surgical operation against Isnilon Hapilon,\" Lieutenant Colonel Joar Herrera, spokesman for the army division involved in the fighting, told VOA.\nFires, gunshots\nHapilon reportedly called for help from allied fighters. About 20 of them took up positions around a hospital, while others went to attack a jail several miles away. Clashes broke out in the city of 200,000, and residents were hunkered down, with a number of houses reported to be on fire as sporadic gunfire continued into the night.\n\"There are more or less 50 militants that are fighting,\" Herrera said. \"Right now the Armed Forces of the Philippines are securing all vital installations. They are protecting the city center and coordinating with the community for the safety of the people.\"\nFILE - Philippine Defense Chief Delfin Lorenzana addresses military officers at the closing ceremony of the joint Philippines-U.S. military exercise dubbed \"Balikatan 2017\" (Shoulder-to-Shoulder), May 19, 2017, at Camp Aguinaldo in suburban Quezon city, northeast of Manila, Philippines.\nBut Philippine Defense Secretary Major General Delfin Lorenzana, who cut short a trip to Russia, told reporters in Moscow that power had been cut off in the city, and that dozens of gunmen had occupied city hall and burned a Catholic church and a college.\n\"The whole of Marawi city is blacked out. There is no light, and there are Maute snipers all around,\" Lorenzana said. Maute, one of the largest groups that operate in Lanao del Sur province, reportedly came to Hapilon's aid.\nAt least two soldiers and a police officer have been killed and 12 others wounded, the defense secretary said.\nIS endorsement\nIS has endorsed Hapilon as the leader of a loosely affiliated association of small groups that have sprouted in the last three to four years around the central and southern Philippines.\nHapilon swore allegiance to IS leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi in a July 2014 video, according to the U.S. State Department. His time as a leader of the brutal Abu Sayyaf group included the 2001 kidnapping of three Americans in the western Philippines, two of whom were later killed.\nThere are concerns that the new groups may increasingly include Southeast Asian militants who went to fight with IS in Syria and Iraq. Now they are returning to the region, seeking a safe haven where they can regroup, train and plot attacks, authorities in the Philippines told VOA.\nSome already have been linked to kidnappings, bombings and attacks on security forces, and troops have found IS uniforms and insignias on slain rebels.\nHerrera said security agencies are monitoring foreign fighters' movements to disrupt their plans.\nHotbed of activity\nThe southern Philippines, particularly the resource-rich but poverty-racked Mindanao region, has long been a hotbed of activity by the Abu Sayyaf and other fundamentalist groups.\nFILE - Police and soldiers take up positions as they engage with the Abu Sayyaf group in the village of Napo, Inabanga town, Bohol province, in the central Philippines, April 11, 2017.\nWith the help of U.S. counterterror trainers and gear, the poorly funded Philippine military has made major inroads against the Abu Sayyaf, but the emergence of the IS-linked groups over the last three or four years raises concerns about the ability to fight on multiple fronts, including a long-running insurgency by the communist New People's Army.\nThe Abu Sayyaf group \u2014 a splinter of the Moro Islamic Liberation Front \u2014 was founded in 1991 with funding from al-Qaida. The group is estimated to have 400 members. The United States and the Philippines have blacklisted the Abu Sayyaf as a terrorist organization because of bombings, kidnappings for ransom and beheadings.\nThe group has been blamed for several attacks in the country, including the 2004 bombing of a ferry in Manila Bay that killed more than 100 people.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Soldiers distribute pictures of a member of extremist group Abu Sayyaf, Isnilon Hapilon, who has a U.S. government bounty of $5 million for his capture, in Butig, Lanao del Sur in southern Philippines, Feb. 1, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/79DE8846-EBAB-469B-9BD2-149C474ADD2C.jpg",
        "id": "32347_1",
        "answer": [
            "swore allegiance to IS leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Hapilon"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_23_3867859",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_23_3867859_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What action by the man in the image makes it unlikely that he is a religious terrorist?",
        "context": "Philippines Police: Casino Attacker Indebted Gambler; Video Shows Robbery\nMANILA, PHILIPPINES \u2014\u00a0\nThe lone suspect who launched a deadly attack on a casino and shopping complex in the Philippine capital that left dozens dead was a heavily indebted Filipino who was hooked on gambling, police said Sunday. \nManila police chief Oscar Albayalde said the man\u2019s immediate family confirmed his identity as Jessie Carlos, a married father of three and former Finance Department employee who owed more than $80,000 dollars. \nThe revelations confirm that \u201cthis is not an act of terrorism,\u2019\u2019 Albayalde said. \u201cThis incident is confined to the act of one man alone as we have always said.\u2019\u2019\nAlbayalde said the man had sold off property to support his gambling habit of at least several years, including a vehicle. His family had grown so concerned they had asked casinos in the capital to ban him since April 3. \nSecurity footage of attack\nThe news came after authorities released security footage showing Carlos casually exiting a taxi just after midnight and walking calmly into a vast entertainment and gambling complex like any other visitor. Shortly afterward, he dons a black ski mask, slips on an ammunition vest and pulls an M4 carbine assault rifle out of his backpack.\nWhat follows borders on the surreal: a slow-motion arson attack and robbery so methodical and unhurried, the gunman appears to walk much of the way \u2014 even as he exchanges fire with a security guard and flees, slightly wounded, up a stairwell.\nThe Islamic State group claimed responsibility for the early Friday rampage at the Resorts World Manila complex. At least 37 patrons and employees died, mostly from smoke inhalation as they tried to hide on the second floor, including one the casino\u2019s VIP rooms, police said. The gunman fled to an adjoining hotel and reportedly killed himself. \nVideo backs robbery theory\nThe video footage shown to reporters Saturday, though, bolsters the government\u2019s case that this was a botched robbery by a lone attacker with no known link to terrorism. Police said that\u2019s why they wanted to release it.\nIn his first remarks on the assault, Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte said that the attacker was simply \u201ccrazy.\u201d He questioned what the gunman was going to do with the $2 million horde of poker chips he had tried to haul away. He also discounted any links to the Islamic State group, saying this \u201cis not the work of ISIS. The work of the ISIS is more cruel and brutal.\u201d\nDespite some initially contradictory accounts of the chaos, what is known so far appears to back up that claim.\nPolice Chief Oscar Albayalde speaks at a news conference on the attack by a gunman at Resorts World Manila complex where a security video of the attack was made public, June 3, 2017.\nAlthough the attacker was well armed, Albayalde said he was carrying 90 bullets in three rifle clips, there are no confirmed reports that he shot any civilians. Instead, he fired into the ceilings, scattering panicked crowds, some of whom jumped out windows to escape what they believed to be a terror attack.\nAlbayalde said the security footage contained a clear motive: the gunman headed straight for a storage room that contained poker chips. He is seen shooting through several thick white doors, breaking down one of them at 12:18 a.m. Friday, only 11 minutes after his arrival. Abayalde suggested he set fires as a diversionary tactic and his next move was to try to get out.\nMore than 12,000 people were in the complex at the time; most were successfully evacuated. \nThe taxi driver who dropped him off told police said his passenger spoke fluent Tagalog and appeared normal during the ride. The gunman asked him just one thing: to change the radio channel to the news instead of music, Albayalde said.\n\u201cAll indications ... point to a criminal act by an apparently emotionally disturbed individual,\u201d said presidential spokesman Ernesto Abella.\nNational Police Chief Ronald dela Rosa also said the attack did not appear to be terrorism, but he cautioned that authorities still know very little about the attacker. \nThis image taken from TV of CCTV video shows a gunman firing a weapon into the air inside a casino in the Resorts World Manila complex before starting fires and firing on security forces, June 2, 2017. Philippine police say the attacker was a tall, English-speaking man with a mustache.\nMuslim insurgencies\nThe Philippines has faced Muslim insurgencies for decades, though much of the violence has occurred in the troubled south. Many in Manila feared Friday\u2019s attack was linked to ongoing battles with militants aligned with the Islamic State group in the southern Philippine city of Marawi. The fighting has placed the country on edge and prompted Duterte to declare martial law across the south.\nIS carried two statements claiming responsibility for the attack, but they contained discrepancies. One mentioned fighters, the other just one fighter, a person who goes by the nom de guerre \u201cBrother Abu al-Kheir al-Arkhabili.\u2019\u2019 One of the statements also said the attacker \u201cdied as a martyr,\u201d which would not make sense if he shot himself in an evacuated hotel room at the end of the night, as the police claim. Suicide is forbidden in Islam. \nArmeen Gomez, chief security officer at Resorts World, said witnesses at the scene had testified to seeing multiple assailants. But he believes their accounts were likely confused by the chaos and panic. Beyond the unidentified gunman, the only other people armed in the images released Saturday were the security forces clearing the area.\n",
        "caption": "This image taken from TV of CCTV video shows a gunman firing a weapon into the air inside a casino in the Resorts World Manila complex before starting fires and firing on security forces, June 2, 2017. Philippine police say the attacker was a tall, English-speaking man with a mustache.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/767A66E2-F062-4FF3-9B7F-77A416E29ADE.jpg",
        "id": "21161_3",
        "answer": [
            "if he shot himself in an evacuated hotel room at the end of the night"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "attack"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_04_3886111",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_04_3886111_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What predictions does the man in the image make?",
        "context": "Mnuchin: Cut Taxes, Regulations to Boost Growth to 3 Percent\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin says the nation's economic growth can rise to 3 percent annually if taxes and regulations are cut.\nThe Treasury secretary spoke Thursday to a Senate committee in his first congressional testimony since he was confirmed in the new job. Mnuchin's boss, Donald Trump, says tax and regulatory reform will boost the economy, and he made the promise of such changes a key part of his campaign for president.\nRecently, annual economic growth has been at 2 percent or lower, and most economists say that is due to a large number of retirements by aging workers and meager productivity growth.\nTrump's efforts to change taxes have been moving slowly in Congress, where they face strong opposition from Democrats, and skepticism from some of his Republican allies who worry that cutting taxes will make government debt problems worse.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Steven Mnuchin testifies before his Senate Finance Committee confirmation hearing, Jan. 19, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F2726B28-6D84-4386-8B5B-53B53E73D5CA.jpg",
        "id": "18692_1",
        "answer": [
            "the nation's economic growth can rise to 3 percent annually if taxes and regulations are cut"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Steven Mnuchin "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_18_3860600",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_18_3860600_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person on the ads in the image reiterating?",
        "context": "South Korea's Park Denies Corruption Allegations\nSouth Korea's impeached president held a rare meeting with reporters Sunday to deny allegations that she colluded with her longtime friend Choi Soon-sil to extort money and favors from Korean conglomerates.\nIt was the first time Park has spoken to the media since being impeached by parliament on December 9.\nShe told the selected reporters the charges against her were \"fabrication and falsehood\" and that she was \"completely framed.\"\n\"The matter is under investigation, so I can't make detailed explanations that might put both sides in trouble, but what I can assure you is that I have never conspired with anyone or did anything to give favors to someone, not even by a bit,\" Park said, according the minutes of the meeting that were provided by her office.\nPark has apologized numerous times and has maintained the actions she took were in the national interest. She insists she never personally benefited from her 18 years of public service.\nFILE - A man walks by a bus stop displayed with posters depicting impeached South Korea's President Park Geun-hye in pink manipulating three of her aides while she is also manipulated as a marionette by her jailed confidante Choi Soon-sil, seen above Park's left\nThe president's image as a strong and incorruptible leader crumbled under allegations her longtime friend, Choi, secretly exploited her close relationship with Park to force Korean conglomerates to donate nearly $65 million to two dubious foundations, while at the same time funneling some of the funds and lucrative side contracts to companies owned by herself and her friends.\nChoi is currently detained while on trial.\nThe Constitutional Court is reviewing the impeachment motion, a process that can take up to six months. If the court affirms, a new presidential election will be scheduled within two months of the ruling.\nPrime Minister Hwang Kyo-ahn assumed the rule as government caretaker after Park was impeached.\nOn Tuesday, 29 legislators split from South Korea's ruling Saenuri Party over the corruption scandal. The lawmakers established a new party, unofficially named the New Conservative Party for Reform, that will launch on January 24.\nThe new party hopes to win the support of conservative voters who are displeased with the ruling party before the next presidential election. As part of the effort, the new party may try to convince outgoing United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon to be its presidential candidate.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A man walks by a bus stop displayed with posters depicting impeached South Korea's President Park Geun-hye in pink manipulating three of her aides while she is also manipulated as a marionette by her jailed confidante Choi Soon-sil, seen above Park's left",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/305444BA-51F9-4154-AF25-31BA467EB852.jpg",
        "id": "29948_2",
        "answer": [
            "the actions she took were in the national interest"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Park"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_01_3658671",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_01_3658671_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person from the image do?",
        "context": "Tillerson Defends Proposed Cuts to Diplomacy, Foreign Aid Programs\nU.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson has defended President Donald Trump\u2019s proposal to sharply cut spending on diplomacy and foreign aid while proposing large increases in military spending.\nThe president\u2019s 2018 proposed budget would cut spending at the State Department and U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) by 32 percent and boost Defense Department spending by about 10 percent.\nDuring a Senate Foreign Relations Committee budget hearing Tuesday on Capitol Hill, Senator Ben Cardin, the committee\u2019s top Democrat, criticized Trump\u2019s budget proposal \u2013 saying it would endanger the lives of Americans.\n\u201cSlashing our foreign operations and foreign assistance makes the world more dangerous for Americans and for America,\u201d Cardin said. \u201cYet that is precisely what that budget would do. The budget takes a penny wise, pound foolish approach that would cost lives and endanger Americans here at home.\u201d\n\"I'm convinced we can maximize the effectiveness of these programs and continue to offer America's helping hand to the world,\" Tillerson told committee members during his first public testimony on Capitol Hill since his confirmation hearing in January.\nCongress is responsible for setting the federal budget and the president\u2019s budget proposal faces bi-partisan opposition in both the Senate and the House.\nCommittee Chairman Bob Corker, a Republican, predicted Trump\u2019s budget proposal would not remain intact as it makes its way through Congress.\n\u201cThe budget that\u2019s been presented is not going to be the budget that we\u2019re going to deal with,\u201d Corker said.\nTillerson told lawmakers a review of the State Department and USAID is underway to determine how to reorganize them. He said the review would be completed at the end of 2017.\nThe Trump administration has defended the cuts by maintaining that other countries must do their \"fair share\" as the U.S. plans to reduce the amount of money it has traditionally committed to overseas spending.\nSixteen retired generals and other former military officers said they would submit joint testimony to the Senate Wednesday emphasizing the importance of foreign aid to national security.\n",
        "caption": "Secretary of State Rex Tillerson takes his seat on Capitol Hill in Washington, June 13, 2017, prior to testifying before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/51374326-F5B7-44A8-80C0-44AE6C6CAE69.jpg",
        "id": "4690_1",
        "answer": [
            "defended President Donald Trump\u2019s proposal to sharply cut spending on diplomacy and foreign aid while proposing large increases in military spending"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Rex Tillerson"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_13_3898792",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_13_3898792_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who is the opponent of the person in the image?",
        "context": "Kenya's Courts Called On to Boost Credibility of Election Process\nNAIROBI \u2014\u00a0\nKenya is less than a month from nationwide voting, and the electoral commission remains under pressure.\nThe commission is appealing a High Court order that would allow the reopening of bidding for printing presidential ballots a week before the general election was set to start, even as the opposition prepares to take the commission to court on another issue.\nMeanwhile, the voter registry continues to spark debate and confusion.\nWhen Kenya's Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission opened a short message platform two weeks ago so the public could check voter details, many like Florence, a businesswoman, used it and found her details were correct, but she noticed those of her sibling were not.\nShe said her sister checked her details and found her identification number was registered to another person and she was a registered voter in Kiambu, Gatundu East, while she is a registered voter at Buruburu in Nairobi. She went to where she registered as a voter, and they put her name back. She was furious.\nMany Kenyans were sent random numbers or incomplete digits, but they were still registered, raising questions about the credibility of the register.\nElectoral body commissioner Roselyne Akombe defended her organization.\n\u201cWhat we have seen is that [in the] majority of those cases, people are putting their correct national ID numbers, but that is not probably what we have in the system because the number has been transposed and when they try to put in the information, it does not come out. But it does not mean that they are not in the register,\u201d she said.\nThe audit firm KPMG, which was hired to clean the register, found 90,000 dead voters on the rolls and another half-million people who used wrong or inconsistent ID numbers. The electoral body said it has removed the names of at least 88,000 dead voters from the list.\nFlorist Simon Musungu said the voter register must be published.\n\u201cThe register should be published so that everyone can verify their details,\" he said. \"That will benefit the IEBC, too. They cannot know everything. There is a problem because one vote matters. Even if one person does not vote, you deny him his rights.\u201d\nThe electoral commission and the opposition have been battling in the courts on matters dealing with cancellation of presidential ballot papers by the high court. The court ruled the IEBC was required to conduct public participation in the award of the tender to Al Ghurair to print 120 million ballots for the August 8 general election, in which nearly 20 million Kenyans are eligible to vote.\nThe Electoral Commission is appealing that decision.\nThe opposition is also asking the court to rule on what means of ballot counting and transmitting the results should be used.\nIn December, the parliament passed a law allowing the IEBC to use manual voting and transmission in case the electronic technology fails.\nThe head of the Electoral Law and Governance Institute in Africa, Felix Odhiambo, said the failures of the past are haunting the commission.\n\u201cIEBC is yet to demonstrate that technology will work,\" he said. \"Remember in 2013, despite the assurances by the Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission, the technology failed, so as we speak, the election act talks of technology to be put in place 60 days to the election, tested and its workability ascertained, but as we speak, the IEBC has not contested these gadgets, so opinion is still divided whether they will work or not.\u201d\nPolitical observers predict a close contest between the incumbent, Uhuru Kenyatta, and former Prime Minister Raila Odinga. Many hope the August 8 elections will be free, fair and credible to avoid violence similar to that in 2008.\n",
        "caption": "Kenyan opposition leader Raila Odinga, the presidential candidate of the National Super Alliance (NASA) coalition, waves to supporters as he leaves from their campaign rally at the Kamukunji grounds in Nairobi, July 7, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F8824BC6-F9C9-427E-8B05-985698E61085.jpg",
        "id": "4865_1",
        "answer": [
            "Uhuru Kenyatta"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Raila Odinga"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_13_3942804",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_13_3942804_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the type of the technology being protested in the image?",
        "context": "Experts Foresee Growing Friction Between Trump, S. Korea\u2019s New President \nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nNew worries about the state of the U.S.-South Korean alliance are emerging after the swearing-in of liberal Moon Jae-in, whose conciliatory position toward North Korea is markedly different from that of the Trump administration, say analysts who foresee increasing friction between the friendly powers.\nIn Tuesday\u2019s snap election to choose a successor to South Korea\u2019s recently ousted President Park Geun-hye, Democratic Party of Korea candidate and former human rights lawyer Moon won by nearly 20 percentage points, capping a decade of conservative rule in South Korea.\nFrank Jannuzi, president of the Mansfield Foundation, a U.S.-Asia policy think tank, said the Washington-Seoul partnership that is at stake can be saved \u201conly if it's carefully coordinated.\u201d\n\u201cA U.S.-ROK [South Korea] alliance that integrates American pressure and South Korean engagement that includes an emphasis on denuclearization as an objective of [North Korean] policy, that could be a winning formula,\u201d Jannuzi said. \u201cBut it requires careful alliance coordination.\u201d\nDemand for change\nMoon\u2019s ascent -- which many attribute to pent-up demand for change and the widespread anti-Park sentiment - signals a departure from Seoul\u2019s current policy toward Pyongyang which cuts almost all ties to the reclusive regime. During the presidential campaign, Moon advocated a softer line on Pyongyang, calling for greater engagement with the North while maintaining pressure and sanctions to encourage change.\nFILE - South Koreans on a bus bid farewell to their North Korean relatives after a rare reunion meeting at Diamond Mountain resort in North Korea, Oct. 26, 2015. As a proponent of the so-called \"sunshine policy,\" South Korea's new president, Moon Jae-in, favors engagement and dialog with Pyongyang.\nMoon\u2019s approach invokes the so-called \u201csunshine policy\u201d of South Korea during presidencies of Kim Dae-jung and Rho Moo-hyun. The \u201cComprehensive Engagement Policy towards North Korea\u201d was announced in 1998.\nIt featured dialog and engagement with North Korea, including family reunions, but fell by the wayside with the 2008 election of Lee Myung-bak, a conservative businessman who had opposed the policy in his presidential campaign.\nBut as Moon, who was Rho\u2019s chief of staff, takes a more conciliatory approach, he could face tension with the Trump administration. Its strategy, although not fully spelled out, involves ramping up pressure on Pyongyang and tightening sanctions with the help of China, the North Korean regime\u2019s major ally and economic lifeline.\n\u201c[The Moon administration] wants to go back to the economic engagement approach and \u2026 it's hard to reconcile that with this idea that we're going to put huge pressure on North Korea through even more severe forms of economic sanctions and cutting off the flow of trade and capital,\u201d David Sneider of Stanford University\u2019s Walter H. Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center told VOA.\nCollisions foreseen\nSue Mi Terry, a former senior North Korea analyst with the CIA, believes that there\u2019s a real risk that Trump and Moon will collide on a number of issues in relation to Pyongyang. The two sides will \u201cnot be on the same page\u201d she said.\nFor example, Moon has indicated his interest in reopening the now shuttered Kaesong Industrial Complex, but Terry said Trump is likely to press his South Korean counterpart to keep it closed.\nFILE - Visitors look at products made at the Kaesong Industrial Complex in North Korea at its showroom at the unification observatory in Paju, South Korea, Feb. 10, 2016. A joint North-South project established in 2004 in the spirit of closer cooperation between the two Koreas, is now closed. Possible efforts by President Moon Jae-in to reopen it will likely be opposed by the Trump administration.\n\u201cGoing forward, there will be a need for careful and thoughtful management of the alliance relationship by both Washington and Seoul,\u201d Terry said.\nThe Kaesong Industrial Complex in the North Korean border city of Kaesong, a joint North-South project which was established in 2004 for substantive economic engagement and better ties between the two Koreas, has been closed since an early 2016 decision by Seoul to punish Pyongyang for its fourth nuclear test and a long-range missile launch.\nTHAAD as potential strain\nIn a discussion hosted by the Brookings Institution Tuesday, Jonathan Pollack, a senior fellow there, stressed that the U.S. deployment of the Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) missile system in South Korea could also create a possibility of cleavage between Washington and Seoul.\nWhile THAAD is intended to provide security against the growing North Korean missile threat to American troops stationed in South Korea, and the people there, Moon has expressed his discontent with the accelerated installation of the missile shield. He saw the early set-up as a move to prevent a new South Korean leadership from overturning the THAAD deployment decision.\nFILE - Protesters hold letters reading \"NO THAAD\" during a rally opposing the deployment of an advanced U.S. missile defense system called Terminal High-Altitude Area Defense, or THAAD, near the U.S. Embassy in Seoul, South Korea, April 26, 2017. The missile shield, experts predict, will likely become an added source of friction between Seoul and Washington.\nDavid Straub, a former U.S. State Department official and a North Korea expert at the Sejong Institute near Seoul, said during the same online discussion at Brookings that THAAD is a critical issue to the South Koreans due in part to China\u2019s ongoing economic retribution.\n\"There has been a great deal of economic suffering,\u201d Straub explained. \u201cThe Chinese are quite blatantly punishing South Korea for not stopping the American deployment of a THAAD unit to protect American forces so they can better defend South Korea and deter the North Koreans.\u201d\nIn his inauguration speech Wednesday, Moon vowed to have \"serious negotiations\" with the U.S. and China over the deployment of the anti-missile system. Pollack said, \u201cThis could inject a severe strain in the U.S.-South Korea relationship.\u201d\nJenny Lee contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Protesters hold letters reading \"NO THAAD\" during a rally opposing the deployment of an advanced U.S. missile defense system called Terminal High-Altitude Area Defense, or THAAD, near the U.S. Embassy in Seoul, South Korea, April 26, 2017. The missile shield, experts predict, will likely become an added source of friction between Seoul and Washington.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/7ED75C7B-83AD-4361-BEFC-8B441C6A273A.jpg",
        "id": "32440_4",
        "answer": [
            "missile shield"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "THAAD"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_10_3846774",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_10_3846774_4"
    },
    {
        "question": "What things do the people in the image do?",
        "context": "US Carries Out Raid in Syria Targeting IS Leadership\nThe United States says it carried out a \"successful\" raid against Islamic State fighters in eastern Syria, focused on IS leadership.\nA Pentagon spokesman, Navy Captain Jeff Davis, said Monday that the operation was carried out in Deir Ezzor province by a U.S. special forces unit tasked with tracking down Islamic State leaders in Syria and Iraq.\nHe did not say who the targets were, but said a lot of intelligence was gathered during the operation.\nDeath toll exaggerated\nThe spokesman said reports by the monitoring group Syrian Observatory for Human Rights that 25 Islamic fighters were killed in the operation were exaggerated. He did not say how many people were killed.\nThe oil-rich region of Deir Ezzor is largely under the control of Islamic State militants and the United States has previously carried out airstrikes and other military action in the region.\nThe U.S. special forces unit, called the expeditionary task force, has intensified drone strikes and raids in Syria in recent months against Islamic State leaders.\nSuccessful raids against Islamic State \nSpecial forces have carried out several high profile raids against Islamic State militants including an operation in Syria in May 2015 that killed IS commander Abu Sayyaf and an October, 2015 raid in Hawijah, Iraq, that freed 70 hostages held by IS. A Delta Force soldier, 39-year-old Master Sergeant Joshua Wheeler, was killed during that mission.\nThe raid on Abu Sayyaf also provided a treasure trove of intelligence materials that led to several operations targeting Islamic State's financial network.\nVOA Pentagon correspondent Carla Babb contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "Members of the U.S. Army Special Forces provide training for Iraqi fighters from Hashid Shaabi at Makhmur camp in Iraq, Dec. 11, 2016. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F2EF44C2-5ACB-4560-80CB-980E98826D16.jpg",
        "id": "19645_1",
        "answer": [
            "several high profile raids against Islamic State militants",
            "high profile raids against Islamic State",
            "intensified drone strikes and raids in Syria in recent months against Islamic State leaders"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "U.S. Army Special Forces",
            "Special forces"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_09_3669133",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_09_3669133_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What was the job of the person who the people in the image are investigating after?",
        "context": "Police Identify Britain Parliament Attack Assailant\nLONDON \u2014\u00a0\nLondon police have identified the person who carried out Wednesday's attack near the British Parliament as Khalid Masood.\nBritish-born Masood, 52, was known to the police for a number of previous convictions for assaults, including possession of offensive weapons. He was last convicted in 2003 for possession of a knife.\nMasood had not, however, been convicted for any terrorism offenses. A religious convert, Masood had been an English teacher and was a fanatical bodybuilder. He is older than recent Islamist attackers in European cities.\nEarlier, Prime Minister Theresa May, in comments to Parliament about the attack, said the attacker was once investigated by the country's MI-5 intelligence agency \"in relation to concerns about violent extremism.\" But she said he was not part of what she called the \"current intelligence picture,\" and that there was no prior intelligence on this plot or his motives.\nIS claims responsibility \nIslamic State has claimed responsibility for the attack which killed three people and ended when an officer shot dead the attacker.\nA statement posted on IS's news agency said the attacker was a \"soldier of Islamic State.\" But IS did not indicate that it assisted in the planning or execution of the attack, saying the man had responded to the terror group's call to attack civilians and the military in countries allied with the U.S.-led coalition fighting IS.\nPolice outside a property in Birmingham, England, March 23, 2017, following an attack on Wednesday in London.\nOne police officer and an American tourist, Kurt Cochran from Utah, have been identified among those killed. The officer was killed on the premises when he was stabbed by the attacker. Cochran succumbed to his injuries in the hospital. His wife was also badly injured in the attack.\nIn a tweet, President Donald Trump paid tribute to Cochran.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;A great American, Kurt Cochran, was killed in the London terror attack. My prayers and condolences are with his family and friends.\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/844930836663357440\\\"\\u0026gt;March 23, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nBritish police have arrested eight people in connection with the attack.\nMark Rowley, head of counterterrorism efforts for London's Metropolitan Police Service, said the arrests came from searches at six addresses, and that \"inquiries\" at locations in London, Birmingham and other parts of the country were continuing. He did not specify how those arrested were linked to Wednesday's attack.\n\"It is still our belief, which continues to be born out by our investigation, that this attacker acted alone and was inspired by international terrorism,\" Rowley told reporters. He added that the attacker's name should not be made public during what he called a \"sensitive stage\" of the investigation.\nThe probe right now is focusing on the motives, preparations and associates of the attacker, who ran a car into pedestrians on Westminster Bridge, then stabbed a security officer to death before himself being shot dead by another officer.\nRowley said 29 people have been hospitalized, seven of whom were in critical condition.\nRowley earlier identified the security officer who died in the attack as 48-year-old Keith Palmer, a husband and father who had served in British law enforcement for 15 years.\nMay strikes defiant tone \nMay's comments both Wednesday and her remarks to Parliament on Thursday have struck a defiant tone. As Parliament reopened for its normal meetings Thursday, May told lawmakers that what happened Wednesday \"was an attack on free people everywhere.\"\n\"Yesterday an act of terrorism tried to silence our democracy, but today we meet as normal, as generations have done before us and as future generations will continue to do, to deliver a simple message: We are not afraid and our resolve will never waver in the face of terrorism,\" she said.\nWATCH: May's remarks to parliament \nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nBritish PM May Condemns Terror Attack on Parliament Saying 'We Are Not Afraid'\nShare this video\n0:01:22\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:22\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 4.1MB\n360p | 5.4MB\n480p | 25.8MB\nMay thanked Britain's friends and allies around the world \"who have made it clear that they stand with us at this time.\" She said the victims include nationals of France, Romania, South Korea, Germany, Poland, Ireland, China, Italy, Greece and the United States.\nThe United Nations Security Council in New York, currently in meetings chaired by British foreign minister Boris Johnson, held a moment of silence Thursday for the victims of the attack.\nThursday's Parliament in Britain also began with a minute of silence to remember those killed in the attack. Police officers also marked the occasion, standing silently outside the headquarters of London's Metropolitan Police nearby.\n\"You may know that today there are victims in London from 11 nations. Which goes to show that an attack on London is an attack on the world,\" Johnson said. \"I can tell you from my talks here in the United States with the U.S. government and with partners from around the world that the world is uniting to defeat the people who launched this attack and defeat their bankrupt and odious ideology.\"\nWATCH: Johnson statement at UN \nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nJohnson Condemns 'Cowardly Terrorist Attack' at British Parliament\nShare this video\n0:01:56\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:56\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 5.7MB\n360p | 9.4MB\n480p | 57.9MB\nParliament in Britain also began with a minute of silence Thursday to remember those killed in the attack. Police officers marked the occasion, standing silently outside the headquarters of London's Metropolitan Police nearby.\nLondon is under extra security with a boost in both armed and unarmed officers.\nA senior police officer told VOA it appears to have been \"a three-staged attack.\"\nIt began with an SUV being driven over Westminster Bridge right by the House of Commons. The SUV mounted the sidewalk and struck several pedestrians. According to police sources, the vehicle struck some other pedestrians at the perimeter fence near the gates at Old Palace Yard. \n\u201cThe attacker then rushed the gates and struggled with a police guard who tried to stop him. The assailant stabbed him several times,\" the senior police officer said. \u201cOther officers shot the attacker.\"\nIn Photos: Britain Parliament Attack Aftermath\nBritain Parliament Attack Aftermath \n",
        "caption": "Police officers search an area of Parliament Square the morning after an attack in London, Britain, March 23, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/38FF0FF8-BA04-46AE-B66F-AB8BCA96E738.jpg",
        "id": "23_1",
        "answer": [
            "English teacher",
            "an English teacher"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Masood",
            "Police officers"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_23_3778843",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_23_3778843_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What word describes how the people in the image entered the scene?",
        "context": "Islamic State Claims Istanbul Nightclub Attack\nThe Islamic State group claimed responsibility Monday for a New Year's attack on a nightclub in Istanbul, Turkey that left 39 people dead and authorities searching for a shooter who got away.\nThe group said in a statement a \"soldier of the caliphate\" carried out the shooting.\nTurkey's Deputy Prime Minister Numan Kurtulmus said authorities have obtained the fingerprints and basic description of the gunman and are close to identifying him. He also confirmed reports that eight people have been detained in connection with the assault.\nThe attack began early Sunday with the gunman killing a police officer and a civilian outside the Reina nightclub before going inside. There were about 600 people at the club at the time, some of whom jumped into the Bosporus strait in order to escape.\nAuthorities said the shooter blended in with people leaving the club. In addition to those killed, about 70 people were injured. \nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nBurials Begin for Victims of New Year's Attack in Istanbul\nShare this video\n0:02:12\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:12\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 6.3MB\n360p | 9.6MB\n720p | 52.3MB\n1080p | 39.1MB\nPresident Recep Tayyip Erdogan called the shooting a \"vicious attack\" in a written statement Sunday.\n\"Turkey will stand together and not give passage to dirty games of terrorists,\" he said.\nLeaders from around the world condemned the attack.\nA spokesman for U.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres said he condemned the \"despicable terrorist attack\" and hopes those responsible for organizing and carrying out the shooting are quickly brought to justice.\nIn a message to Erdogan, Russian President Vladimir Putin pledged to help Turkey fight terrorism, according to a Kremlin statement.\n\"It is hard to imagine a more cynical crime than killing innocent people during New Year celebrations,\" Putin said.\nPolice secure the area near an Istanbul nightclub, following a gun attack, in Turkey, Jan. 1, 2017.\nIn a statement from the U.S. State Department, deputy spokesman Mark Toner said, \u201cThese attacks only reinforce our determination to work with the government of Turkey to counter the scourge of terrorism.\u201d\nAbout 25 of the 39 killed were foreigners, including people from Jordan, Lebanon, Israel, Saudi Arabia, Iraq and Canada.\nCanadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau said his country mourns along with others who lost citizens Sunday.\n\"We also grieve the senseless loss of a Canadian citizen and remain steadfast in our determination to work with allies and partners to fight terrorism and hold perpetrators to account,\" he said.\nPeople flee from a nightclub where a gun attack took place during a New Year party in Istanbul, Jan. 1, 2017.\nWitnesses to attack\nThe Reina nightclub is located in Istanbul's upscale Ortakoy area, an entertainment spot on the Bosporus that is popular with celebrities and foreigners.\nAziz Ozcan, whose brother Suleyman was working at the bar section of the nightclub, told VOA's Turkish service he was working elsewhere when he heard of the attack.\n\"My father and my mother are old, they can\u2019t come here so I came down here. But I don\u2019t know what to do. We didn\u2019t receive any information. ... I don\u2019t know if he is alive or not. ... We are just waiting,\" Ozcan said.\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nIstanbul Terror Attack Aftermath: Interviews With Eyewitness, Family Members\nShare this video\n0:03:21\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:03:21\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 9.2MB\n360p | 12.4MB\n720p | 89.5MB\n1080p | 64.0MB\n\u201cI didn\u2019t see who was shooting but heard the gunshots and people fled. Police moved in quickly,\u201d Sefa Boydas, a Turkish soccer player, wrote on Twitter. \u201cMy girlfriend was wearing high heels. I lifted her and carried her out on my back.\"\nSecurity measures have been upgraded in major Turkish cities following a number of terror attacks in recent months.\nTwo explosions near an Istanbul football stadium in December killed 38 people and wounded more than 150 others.\nA Kurdish militant group later claimed responsibility for that attack.\nIn late June, a separate attack claimed by Islamic State extremists killed more than 40 people at Istanbul\u2019s Ataturk airport.\nVOA's Alparslan Esmera contributed to this report. Tan Cetin and Dorian Jones contributed to this report from Istanbul.\n",
        "caption": "Police secure the area near an Istanbul nightclub, following a gun attack, in Turkey, Jan. 1, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/7801B0DA-CEBB-4837-AED0-8A3FD700779A.jpg",
        "id": "10927_2",
        "answer": [
            "quickly",
            "None",
            "moved"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Police"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_02_3659498",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_02_3659498_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where is the person in the image being sent back?",
        "context": "Fact Check: The Veracity of a Week of Claims\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nIn the Washington week that wasn\u2019t, President Donald Trump\u2019s new administration whirred like a \u201cfine-tuned machine,\u201d piling on big-league accomplishments at a pace never before seen.\nImmigration agents newly empowered by Trump\u2019s call to secure borders sent hordes of bad foreigners back home, validating a president who won the most lopsided Electoral College victory since Ronald Reagan.\nThat\u2019s what the audacity of hype looks like.\nIn the Washington week that actually was, Trump fired his national security adviser for misleading the vice president, was rebuffed by his next choice, saw a Cabinet nominee\u2019s prospects flame out, and stirred anxiety among some fellow Republicans over the tumult holding up Trump\u2019s agenda. Immigration officials announced a sizable but routine roundup of people living in the country illegally, which resulted in fewer arrests than raids mounted under President Barack Obama almost two years earlier.\nTrump was called out on his latest of many boasts about the Electoral College, which handed him one of the narrowest victories since Reagan \u2014 sixth out of eight \u2014 and not one of the biggest.\nA look at some of his statements in the past week:\nPresident Donald Trump gives a thumbs up from the top of the steps of Air Force One at Andrews Air Force Base in Md., Feb. 17, 2017.\n\u2018A Fine-Tuned Machine\u2019\nTRUMP: \u201cI see stories of chaos. Chaos. Yet it is the exact opposite. This administration is running like a fine-tuned machine, despite the fact that I can\u2019t get my Cabinet approved.\u201d\n\u201cThis last month has represented an unprecedented degree of action on behalf of the great citizens of our country. Again, I say it. There has never been a presidency that\u2019s done so much in such a short period of time.\u201d\nTHE FACTS: Trump\u2019s first month has been consumed by a series of missteps and firestorms and produced less legislation of significance than Obama enacted during his first month.\nRepublican-led congressional committees will investigate the Trump team\u2019s relations with Russians before he took office and the flood of leaks that altogether forced out his national security adviser in record time. His pick for labor secretary withdrew because he didn\u2019t have enough Republican support.\nBy many measures, the administration is in near paralysis in its earliest days, leaving allies unsettled and many in Congress anxious about what Sen. John Thune, R-S.D., called the \u201cconstant disruption.\u201d To many Republicans \u2014 never mind Democrats \u2014 the machine seems in danger of its wheels coming off.\nIn his first month, Obama signed a $787 billion stimulus package into law, as well as a law expanding health care for children and the Lilly Ledbetter bill on equal pay for women. Trump has vigorously produced executive orders, which don\u2019t require congressional approval and typically have narrow effect. The one with far-reaching consequences \u2014 banning entry by refugees and by visitors from seven countries \u2014 has been blocked by courts.\nTrump\u2019s biggest initiatives, such as tax cuts and a replacement for Obama\u2019s health care law, have not emerged. On Thursday he signed into law a rollback of Obama-era regulations on mining near streams. Congress has sent him little else.\nWatch: Trump: I Inherited a Mess\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTrump: I Inherited a Mess\nShare this video\n0:00:44\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:44\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 2.1MB\n360p | 2.4MB\n480p | 11.0MB\n\u2018I inherited a mess\u2019\nTRUMP: \u201cTo be honest I inherited a mess. It\u2019s a mess. At home and abroad, a mess.\u201d\nTHE FACTS: A mess is in the eye of the beholder. But by almost every economic measure, Obama inherited a far worse situation when he became president in 2009 than he left for Trump. Obama had to deal with the worst downturn since the Depression.\nUnemployment was spiking, the stock market crashing, the auto industry failing and millions of Americans risked losing their homes to foreclosure when Obama took the oath of office. None of those statistics is as dire for Trump.\nUnemployment is 4.8 percent, compared with a peak of 10 percent during Obama\u2019s first year as president. The Dow Jones Industrial Average was cratering until March 2009, only to rebound roughly 200 percent over the rest of Obama\u2019s term, and those gains have continued under Trump on the promise of tax and regulatory cuts.\nWhen Trump assumed office last month, a greater percentage of the country had health insurance, incomes were rising and the country was adding jobs.\nThe Trump administration has noted that a smaller proportion of the population is working or looking for jobs. But even this measure began to turn around toward the end of the Obama era.\nYet it\u2019s true that jobs at factories and coal mines have been disappearing for more than three decades, while many people with only a high school diploma have seen their incomes fall after adjusting for inflation. The home ownership rate has slipped even as the economy has improved, leaving many pockets of the country feeling left out of a recovery that technically began more than seven years ago.\nA crater made by an airstrike against Islamic State militants is Mosul, Iraq, Feb. 3, 2017.\nIslamic State\nTRUMP: \u201cISIS has spread like cancer, another mess I inherited.\u201d\nTHE FACTS: The Islamic State group began to lose ground before Trump took office, not just in Iraq and Syria but also in Libya. The gradual military progress achieved in Iraq during Obama\u2019s final two years has pushed IS to the point of collapse in Mosul, its main Iraqi stronghold.\nIt remains a potent danger beyond its shrunken territory, encouraging adherents to stage acts of terrorism. The analogy with cancer is an echo of Obama\u2019s last defense secretary, Ash Carter, who repeatedly cast Obama\u2019s counter-IS campaign as an effort to reverse the extremists\u2019 \u201cmetastasis\u201d beyond the \u201cparent tumor\u201d in Iraq and Syria.\nElectoral College\nTRUMP, bragging again about his Electoral College vote total: \u201cWe got 306 because people came out and voted like they\u2019ve never seen before, so that\u2019s the way it goes. I guess it was the biggest Electoral College win since Ronald Reagan.\u201d\nTHE FACTS: Not even close. In the seven previous elections, the winner of five of those contests won a larger Electoral College majority than Trump. They were George H.W. Bush in 1988, Bill Clinton in 1992 and 1996; and Barack Obama in 2008 and 2012.\nWhen a reporter pointed out that Trump was overstating his winning margin, the president said: \u201cWell, I don\u2019t know, I was given that information.\u201d He then called it \u201ca very substantial victory.\u201d\nTrump actually ended up with 304 electoral votes because of the defection of two electors in December, but he had won enough states in November to get to 306.\nKeystone Pipeline\nTRUMP: \u201cWe want products made in America, made by American hands. You probably saw the Keystone pipeline I approved recently.\u201d\nTHE FACTS: He hasn\u2019t approved the Keystone XL pipeline.\nTrump has signed an order asking the TransCanada pipeline company to \u201cresubmit its application\u201d for a permit to build the project, which it has done.\nThere\u2019s still a regulatory process to go through and negotiations to be done. Trump has said he\u2019d renegotiate some of the terms and is insisting that the pipeline be built with U.S. steel. TransCanada has said it would need time to review how any buy-American plan from Washington will impact the company.\nLate in his presidency, Barack Obama rejected Keystone XL on environmental grounds.\nTrump\u2019s order directs the State Department and other agencies to make a decision within 60 days of the application.\nThis photo released by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement shows foreign nationals being arrested during a targeted enforcement operation aimed at immigration fugitives, re-entrants and at-large criminal aliens in Los Angeles, Feb. 7, 2017.\nImmigrants and deportation\nTRUMP: \u201cWe\u2019re actually taking people that are criminals, very, very, hardened criminals in some cases ... with a tremendous track record of abuse and problems, and we\u2019re getting them out and that\u2019s what I said I would do. ... And I said at the beginning, we are going to get the bad ones, the really bad ones, we\u2019re getting them out and that\u2019s exactly what we\u2019re doing.\u201d\nTHE FACTS: Officials said an operation that resulted in the arrest of more than 680 immigrants in various cities was a routine enforcement action like those undertaken during the presidency of Obama, who deported an unprecedented number of people as president.\nMore specifically, David Marin, Immigration and Customs Enforcement\u2019s field office director for enforcement and removal operations in greater Los Angeles, said the agency carries out such large-scale operations two or three times a year in his region. The California operation was in the planning stages \u201cbefore the administration came out with their current executive orders,\u201d he said. More than 100 of the arrests were in the Los Angeles area.\nThe notion that raids have been stepped up under Trump has been advanced both by the White House, to show that Trump is keeping a promise, and by advocates of those who have been targeted, to illustrate what they call the new president\u2019s heavy-handed tactics. But statistical evidence has not come in to show that enforcement has surged under the new Trump administration or that actual deportations are up. A similar series of raids under Obama in March 2015 resulted in the arrest of more than 2,000 criminals, the government said at the time.\nHomeland Security Secretary John Kelly said: \u201cICE conducts these kind of targeted enforcement operations regularly and has for many years. The focus of these enforcement operations is consistent with the routine, targeted arrests carried out by ICE\u2019s Fugitive Operations teams on a daily basis.\u201d\nIt\u2019s possible, however, that the latest raids went beyond Obama\u2019s actions in arresting people without serious criminal records. Kelly said 75 percent of those arrested had been convicted of crimes. That still leaves many who were taken into detention without such records.\nTravel Ban\nTRUMP, saying the appeals court that blocked his selective travel ban \u201chas been overturned at a record number.\u201d\nTHE FACTS: Other appeals courts have seen their decisions overturned at a higher rate than the San Francisco-based 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals that froze his action on immigration.\nIn the most recent full term, the Supreme Court reversed 8 of the 11 cases from the 9th Circuit. But the Atlanta-based 11th Circuit went 0 for 3; that is, the Supreme Court reversed all three cases it heard from that circuit. Over the past five years, five federal appeals courts were reversed at a higher rate than the 9th Circuit.\nThe 9th Circuit is by far the largest of the 13 federal courts of appeals. In raw numbers, more cases are heard and reversed from the 9th Circuit year in and year out. But as a percentage of cases the Supreme Court hears, the liberal-leaning circuit fares somewhat better, according to statistical compilations by Scotusblog.\nMost cases decided by appeals courts aren\u2019t appealed to the Supreme Court, and the high court only accepts for review a small percentage of those that are.\nBut the very act of the Supreme Court\u2019s agreeing to hear a case means the odds are it will be overturned; the court reverses about two-thirds of the cases it hears.\nAutism\nTRUMP on childhood autism: \u201cTremendous increases ... really a horrible thing to watch the tremendous amount of increase.\u201d\nTHE FACTS: About 1 in 68 school-age children has autism or related disorders, a rate that has stayed about the same for two years, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported in March.\nThat\u2019s far more than in 2000, when the CDC estimated that about 1 in 150 children had autism. But the increase is explained in large part by more awareness of the developmental disorder and changes in practice that broadened the definition for an autism diagnosis.\nLabeling also is an issue, as parents became more likely to seek out the increasing services for autism and related disorders that are available in schools and other settings. Still, the CDC says that a true increase in the number of people with autism cannot be ruled out.\nAn accurate estimate of the prevalence of autism is important because those who attribute autism to vaccination seize upon any rising numbers as an argument against vaccination. That has proved worrisome to public health officials because it could divert money away from things that should be a higher priority.\nTrump in the past has subscribed to theories unsupported by scientific evidence linking vaccines to autism.\n",
        "caption": "This photo released by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement shows foreign nationals being arrested during a targeted enforcement operation aimed at immigration fugitives, re-entrants and at-large criminal aliens in Los Angeles, Feb. 7, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/98F24BAE-D1F1-4AAA-B20D-88D7DB4AA340.jpg",
        "id": "8234_4",
        "answer": [
            "home"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "foreign",
            "foreign nationals"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_19_3730704",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_19_3730704_4"
    },
    {
        "question": "What prevented the person wearing the tie in the image from going abroad?",
        "context": "Syrian Oscar Nominee Says Can't Get to Ceremony Because of Passport Problem\nBEIRUT, LEBANON \u2014\u00a0\nA Syrian cameraman and rescue worker whose documentary about the \"White Helmets\" Civil Defense group has been nominated for an Oscar will not attend the awards ceremony because Damascus has canceled his passport, the group said on Sunday.\nThe White Helmets operate a rescue service in rebel-held parts of Syria, which have been subjected to fierce bombardment by the government and Russia's air force during the country's civil war that has leveled whole city districts.\nTheir film, nominated in the Oscars short subject documentary category, gives a glimpse into the daily lives of the volunteers.\nSyria's government under President Bashar al-Assad has accused the group of being a front for al-Qaeda and of faking footage of the aftermath of air strikes for propaganda purposes, charges the White Helmets deny.\nTwo of the rescue workers, their leader Raed Saleh and Khaled Khatib, who is also a cameraman, were given visas by the United States to visit the country for the Oscars' ceremony in Los Angeles on Sunday night.\nHowever, in a statement early on Sunday, the White Helmets said that Saleh would not be able to leave his work because of the high intensity of air strikes while Khatib could not attend because Syria's government had canceled his passport.\n\"The Syrian Civil Defense are grateful for the platform the film 'The White Helmets' is providing for their humanitarian message to reach around the world,\" the statement said.\n",
        "caption": "Raed al-Saleh (C), head of the Syria Civil Defense 'White Helmets', receives the Right Livelihood Award prize from Jakob von Uexkull (L), the founder of the award, during a ceremony at the Vasa Museum in Stockholm, Sweden, Nov. 25, 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/2AD28D4E-7C33-4D74-A08A-B6DFD08A76BB.jpg",
        "id": "31638_1_2",
        "answer": [
            "the high intensity of air strikes"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Saleh"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_26_3740514",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_26_3740514_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person covering their face in the image do?",
        "context": "Greece Dodges New Crisis, but Austerity Remains Part of Life\nATHENS \u2014\u00a0\nGreek stocks rallied to two-year highs Friday after the government struck a deal with European creditors that means the country won't face another brush with bankruptcy anytime soon.\nHowever, for austerity-weary Greeks, the deal does little to lift the pall from years of belt-tightening.\nAfter months of haggling that raised fears of another escalation in Greece's nearly eight-year debt crisis, the 19-country eurozone agreed late Thursday to release a further 8.5 billion euros ($9.5 billion) from its current, third bailout after the Greek government delivered on an array of reforms. Getting the money was becoming increasingly urgent because Greece has a big debt repayment hump next month.\nExtending repayments\nWith an eye to the longer term, the eurozone creditors also made clear they are ready to ease the burden of Greece's debt repayments when its bailout program ends next year, possibly by extending repayments by up to 15 years. The International Monetary Fund may also get involved financially, with up to $2 billion, but only if and when it sees the specifics of the debt relief and agrees it can make Greece's debt bearable.\n\"I think that's really the best agreement we've had for quite a while,\" said Pierre Moscovici, the top economy official for the European Union, the 28-country bloc that includes the 19 states using the euro.\nEven though some details remain sketchy, investors breathed a sigh of relief if just on the mere fact that a deal wasn't postponed, as has occurred so many times previously. The main Athens stock index hit a two-year high, later closing up 0.8 percent on the day. The yields on both the two-year and 10-year Greek bonds fell, reflecting diminished investor fears of the chances of bankruptcy.\n\"While the deal might have proved the usual exercise in issue avoidance, the fact is that it's now unlikely that a fresh crisis will emerge in Greece in July,\" said Simon Derrick, chief markets strategist at BNY Mellon.\nGreece's left-led coalition government sought to present the deal as favorably as possible, even though the precise nature of the debt relief has to still be ironed out.\nFILE - Greek Finance Minister Euclid Tsakalotos, left, and Greece's Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras, right, react during a parliamentary session to vote on more austerity measures as part of an agreement with international bailout creditors, in Athens, May 18, 2017.\n\"We had a decisive step yesterday,\" Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras told the country's president. \"A decisive step for the country's exit from the long-running crisis.\"\nGovernment spokesman Dimitris Tzanakopoulos said Greece's European creditors had accepted \"nearly all the points that the Greek side was asking for.\"\nThe spokesman highlighted the creditors' acceptance of a long-standing Greek demand that debt repayments be linked to economic growth, meaning that repayments could be postponed if the economy entered recession.\nLess optimism\nOutside the government, the view was less rosy.\nDozens of protesting hospital workers held a rally outside the finance ministry building in central Athens, building a fake wall outside the entrance topped with a banner reading \"They have made us drown in debt.\"\nPictures pinned to the fake wall depicted Tsipras, with a tie pinned to his neck. Tsipras doesn't wear a tie, and had once joked that the only time he would do so would be on the day Greece won debt relief.\nTsipras, elected in 2015 on promises to repeal bailout-related budget cuts, has lost popularity after implementing further austerity measures in return for the bailout money and a promise on debt relief.\nAn elderly man walks past wallets designed as euro banknotes, outside a kiosk in central Athens, June 16, 2017. After months of haggling that raised fears of another escalation in Greece's debt crisis, the 19-country eurozone agreed late Thursday to clear the release of a further 8.5 billion euros ($9.5 billion) after the Greek government delivered on an array of reforms.\nAs part of Thursday's deal, the government committed to deliver primary budget surpluses \u2014 that is, a surplus excluding the cost of servicing debt \u2014 worth 3.5 percent of Greece's annual gross domestic product until 2022, and 2 percent thereafter each year until 2060. That is a big commitment for Greece, but seems to have been agreed on in principle to show Greece's debt can be sustained with help from creditors.\nDespite years of spending cuts and tax increases since Greece was first bailed out in 2010, the public sector debt burden stands at about 320 billion euros, or 180 percent of GDP. That's largely because the economy has contracted by around a quarter, meaning a worsening in the relative debt load even though the budget has improved.\nAn outright cut in Greece's debt is not allowed under euro rules, but the length of time the country has in paying back its debts can be extended, and the interest rates can be cut. More comprehensive details should emerge in the coming months.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Greek Finance Minister Euclid Tsakalotos, left, and Greece's Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras, right, react during a parliamentary session to vote on more austerity measures as part of an agreement with international bailout creditors, in Athens, May 18, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/11281072-AD07-49DB-A1BC-186A071BB9F2.jpg",
        "id": "18207_2",
        "answer": [
            "implementing further austerity measures",
            "None",
            "implementing further austerity measures in return for the bailout money and a promise on debt relief"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Tsipras",
            "Alexis Tsipras"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_16_3903755",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_16_3903755_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Why are the individuals on the image obtaining information from newspapers?",
        "context": "Ethiopia\u2019s Civil Society Getting Squeezed\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nFrom an internet shutdown to convictions of journalists and opposition members, Ethiopia\u2019s civil society has felt like it's under attack in recent weeks.\nOn May 24, Getachew Shiferaw, editor of the news website Negere Ethiopia, was convicted of \u201cinciting violence\u201d because of a private Facebook conversation. The Ethiopian Federal Court initially charged Shiferaw under the country's anti-terrorism law, but later charged him under the criminal code and sentenced him to time served since his arrest in 2015.\nOn May 25, a court sentenced Ethiopian opposition spokesman Yonatan Tesfaye to six-and-a-half years in prison on charges that he encouraged terrorism with comments on Facebook. Yeshiwas Assefa, newly elected president of the Semayawi (Blue) Party, called the verdict \"disappointing and embarrassing.\"\n\"Yonatan is sentenced to six years and six months just because of what he wrote on Facebook as something that encourages terrorism. He was expressing his thoughts freely. This is what we fear would bring people to protest in our country,\" he told VOA. \nThe following day, May 26, two men, Tufa Melka and Kedir Bedasso, were charged with terrorism for their role in a stampede that occurred in October 2016 at a cultural festival in the Oromia region. The men are accused of yelling things into the microphone that led to chaos and the death of 55 people.\nGemeda Wariyo, a protester who grabbed the microphone and admitted to chanting \u201cdown, down Woyane\u201d is in exile now and wasn\u2019t mentioned in the court documents. \u201cWoyane\u201d is a colloquial term used to describe the ruling party in Ethiopia. \n\u201cI took the microphone in a peaceful protest,\u201d he told VOA Amharic. \u201cI was the one who protested and I don\u2019t know the men blamed for grabbing the microphone.\u201d\nFILE - Ethiopian men read newspapers and drink coffee at a cafe in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Oct. 10, 2016. The Ethiopian government temporarily cut off internet access nationwide in early June, saying it was necessary to prevent students from cheating on final exams.\nAnd in early June, the government cut off internet access nationwide, stating that the measure was needed to prevent high school students from cheating on final exams by sharing answers on social media.\nIn a press conference, Communications Minister Negeri Lencho denied the move was to control free communication.\n\"The only reason is to help our students to concentrate on the exams because we know we are fighting poverty,\u201d he said.\nAs of June 8, internet access including social media sites was restored, according to published reports.\n\u2018Under assault\u2019\nIn a new report, the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, an international think tank, concluded that the targeting of civil society and restrictions on free speech fit a pattern in Ethiopia. Over the past two decades the space for political opposition has been steadily constricted and civil liberties taken away, the report said.\nTwo laws in particular, the Charities and Societies Proclamation and the Anti-terrorism Proclamation, both passed in 2009, have given the government wide latitude to imprison opposition members and journalists and shut down groups advocating for human rights, Carnegie found.\nSaskia Brechenmacher, an associate fellow at the Carnegie Endowment who worked on the report, said anti-terrorism laws have been used across Africa to stifle dissent.\n\u201cThose laws have become very effective tools, especially in moments of crisis as we are seeing right now,\u201d she said. \u201cAhead of elections or during moments of sustained protests, [they are used] to target selectively, particularly activists and journalists that are seen as particularly threatening.\"\nFILE - Security personnel take action against protesters in Bishoftu town in Ethiopia's Oromia region, Oct. 2, 2016. Critics say that ahead of elections or during moments of sustained protests the Ethiopian government has been known to resort to a self-serving interpretation of the country's anti-terrorism laws to stifle dissent, selectively targeting activists and journalists.\nBrechenmacher said Ethiopia also cracks down on civil society groups through a provision in the charities law, which prevents organizations from receiving more than 10 percent of their funding from abroad.\n\u201cMany organizations had to switch their mandate and activities and turn more toward developmental and civil liberties because they couldn\u2019t carry out the kind of work they had been doing before,\" she said.\nBrechenmacher said these restrictions represent an abrupt reversal for a country that was becoming more open prior to the crackdowns that followed the 2005 elections.\n\u201cEthiopia showcases what a dramatic effect this could have on independent civil society and the amount of information that is available in a country,\" she said. \"And also it really testifies the extent to which this does not really address the grievances that citizens have vis-a-vis the government and therefore those grievances will find another outlet.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Ethiopian men read newspapers and drink coffee at a cafe in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Oct. 10, 2016. The Ethiopian government temporarily cut off internet access nationwide in early June, saying it was necessary to prevent students from cheating on final exams.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/18BEBD9D-CBC0-4C1A-8D8A-196ADCC8AEC9.jpg",
        "id": "3514_2",
        "answer": [
            "the government cut off internet access nationwide"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "The Ethiopian government"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_13_3898662",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_13_3898662_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What agency did the people in the image speak to?",
        "context": "US Trying to Identify Chemical Agent Used in Mosul Attack\nIslamic State militants used a chemical in an attack on Iraqi forces in Mosul over the weekend, and the agent has been sent for testing to try to identify it, the U.S. general commanding coalition ground forces in Iraq said Wednesday.\nMajor General Joseph Martin, speaking to Pentagon reporters via videoconference, said Islamic State militants had lobbed chemical shells at Iraqi security forces in west Mosul but the attack had \"had no impact.\"\n\"The Iraqi security forces ... were in vicinity of one of the strikes,\" Martin said. \"They were taken back for the appropriate level of medical care. ... Nobody's been impacted. Nobody's died.\"\n\"We're not certain at this time exactly what the agent is,\" he added. \"We have sent it back for testing but we're still waiting for the outcomes.\"\nMartin declined to say how many Iraqi security forces may have been exposed to the chemicals.\nOfficers in Iraq's Federal Police told Reuters on Sunday that Islamic State militants had shelled government forces with chemical weapons agents in the Urouba and Bab Jadid districts on Saturday. The attack caused only minor wounds, the force said in a statement.\nMartin declined to give details about the incident, including whether coalition military advisers had donned chemical weapons protection suits or whether an alert had gone around afterward to notify troops of possible chemical attacks.\nHe also repeatedly declined to clearly state whether any U.S. or Australian military advisers were with the Iraqis at the time of the attack or had been treated for chemical exposure, as some media have reported.\n\"Our advisers ... are with Iraqi security forces at various command and control locations throughout Iraq,\" he said.\n\"They share the same risk the Iraqis do,\" he added. \"When exposed, if exposed to chemical munitions ... we have the force protection equipment and we've got the training that all of our soldiers have done to protect themselves.\"\nAsked if he was acknowledging that U.S. or Australian advisers were with the Iraqi security forces at the time of the incident, Martin repeated a variation of his previous answer that advisers served with the Iraqis and shared the same risks.\nAsked if he was saying no U.S. or Australian forces had been exposed to chemicals, Martin said: \"We have not confirmed exposure at this time.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Iraqi forces are seen in Bab Jadid neighborhood, Mosul, Iraq, April 3, 2017. Islamic State militants reportedy shelled Iraqi forces with chemical weapons agents in the Urouba and Bab Jadid districts on April 15.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/934D9F22-0293-4A44-8CD9-F579D46E829E.jpg",
        "id": "23923_1",
        "answer": [
            "Reuters"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "forces"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_19_3817515",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_19_3817515_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in the image do when they were alive?",
        "context": "Former Iranian President Rafsanjani Dies at Age of 82\nFormer Iranian president Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani died Sunday at the age of 82 after suffering a heart attack.\nState television interrupted programming to announce the death, saying it came \"after a life full of restless efforts in the path of Islam and revolution.\"\nRafsanjani, who served as president from 1989 to 1997, was earlier seen as a top adviser to Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, the leader of the 1979 Islamic Revolution. Analysts say he also played a key role in choosing Khomeini's successor, after the founder's death in 1989.\nRafsanjani's presidency saw the country seeking to rebuild its economy from the ruinous 1980-1988 war with neighboring Iraq. It was also marked by a series of cautious reforms which saw wider freedoms emerge, particularly in the country's tightly controlled media.\nBy 2002, however, Rafsanjani's political fortunes had plummeted, as conservatives mounted and sustained criticism of his reformist outreach efforts toward the West. He lost a post-presidential bid that year for a seat in parliament, and in 2005 was soundly defeated in a bid for a second presidential term by conservative Mahmoud Ahmadinejad.\nFour years later, at the height of a massive government crackdown on demonstrators protesting presidential election results, he delivered a speech calling for greater personal freedoms. Analysts and pundits say that 2009 address further alienated him from conservatives and military commanders.\nRafsanjani was denied a third attempt at the presidency in 2013 when Iran's all-powerful Guardian Council barred him from the ballot, a disqualification widely seen as an official rebuke of his reformist efforts.\nHowever, his political protege, Hassan Rouhani, won the presidency and assigned Rafsanjani to oversee planning for direct nuclear talks with the United States. \nRouhani praised Rafsanjani, saying Monday the former leader had more wishes for the country and that up until his death he showed people the right path.\n\"We are all hopeful to continue his path,\" Rouhani said.\nRafsanjani also headed Iran's Expediency Discernment Council, an administrative body that advises Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei.\nThe semiofficial FARS news agency says Rafsanjani will be buried on Tuesday in a state funeral. Schools, offices and other government operations will be closed in the run-up to the ceremony.\nLast year his daughter Faezeh Hashemi, a former member of parliament and seasoned political activist, drew fierce criticism in public circles for meeting with leaders of Iran\u2019s Baha\u2019i religious community. It sparked a debate on religious persecution in Iran.\nThe controversy began when Faezeh appeared in a picture with Fariba Kamalabadi, her former cellmate at Tehran\u2019s Evin prison and a Baha\u2019i activist.\nFaezeh had spent six months in Evin for protesting the 2009 presidential election results. She later defiantly described her imprisonment as the \u201cbest time of my life\u201d because it had \u201copened another world\u201d to her.\nA year earlier, Rafsanjani's son, Mehdi Hashemi, was sentenced to 15 years in prison after he was convicted of bribery and embezzlement.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Former Iranian President Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani, center, arrives for a press briefing after registering his candidacy for the Feb. 26 elections of the assembly at interior ministry in Tehran, Iran, Dec. 21, 2015. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/BC8D6F03-6AB2-4D8C-94F6-84EB9101E54C.jpg",
        "id": "24193_1",
        "answer": [
            "rebuild its economy"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Rafsanjani"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_08_3667815",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_08_3667815_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person in the left of the image worried about?",
        "context": "Trump Lectures NATO Leaders on Insufficient Defense Spending\nBRUSSELS \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. President Donald Trump publicly lectured his fellow NATO leaders Thursday for not paying their fair share for defense, and he urged them to be more focused on terrorism.\n\"The NATO of the future must include a great focus on terrorism and immigration, as well as threats from Russia and on NATO's eastern and southern border,\" he told NATO leaders at alliance headquarters in Brussels.\nTrump was speaking at a ceremony to unveil a memorial symbolizing the commitment of NATO members to the principle of collective defense, as outlined in Article Five of the alliance treaty. The memorial is a twisted piece of metal from remains of the World Trade Center, a reminder that the only time Article Five was invoked was after the September 11, 2001 attacks on the United States.\nWATCH: Trump's remarks on areas Alliance needs to focus on\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTrump on NATO's Future, Meeting Financial Obligations\nShare this video\n0:00:39\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:39\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 1.6MB\n360p | 2.1MB\n480p | 11.0MB\nA conspicuous omission from Trump's speech, however, was any clear affirmation of the U.S. commitment to Article Five. Trump's refusal to endorse that principle on the campaign trail raised fears in Europe about whether the United States is fully committed to its defense.\nThe president made only passing reference to Article Five, saying \"we will never forsake the friends that stood by our side.\" But White House spokesman Sean Spicer clarified afterward that the United States will not waver on collective defense.\"We're not playing cutesy with this,\" Spicer said. \"He's fully committed.\"\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTrump Rebukes NATO Leaders to Their Faces\nShare this video\n0:02:26\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:26\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 7.1MB\n360p | 11.3MB\n720p | 67.4MB\n1080p | 46.3MB\nTrump was quite clear, however, in scolding alliance members on the defense spending issues. \"I have been very, very direct with Secretary (Jens) Stoltenberg and members of the alliance in saying that NATO members must finally contribute their fair share and meet their financial obligations,\" Trump said.\nFrom left, British Prime Minister Theresa May, U.S. President Donald Trump and NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg listen to Belgian Prime Minister Charles Michel as he speaks during a working dinner meeting at the NATO headquarters during a NATO summ\nThe president noted that 23 of 28 member nations are not paying what they should, something that is \"not fair'' to the people of the United States.\n'Positive reaction'\nSpicer told reporters afterward that the other leaders responded positively to Trump's call for them to work toward meeting NATO spending goals. \"It was a very positive reaction and affirmation of the president's priorities today,\" Spicer said.\nIn his speech, Trump also said this week's Manchester bombing \"demonstrates the depths of the evil we face with terrorism.\"\nBritish Prime Minister Theresa May's spokesman told reporters the prime minister used the occasion to express her concern to Trump about leaks in the U.S. media revealing details of the Manchester bombing investigation.\nWATCH: Mays on intelligence leaks by U.S.\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nMay on Pressing Trump About Manchester Intel Leaks\nShare this video\n0:00:29\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:29\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 1.5MB\n360p | 2.3MB\n480p | 12.2MB\nManchester police were reported to have been furious that the New York Times published unreleased forensic photographs from the crime scene, and U.S. media outlets announced the name of the suicide bomber before it was released by British officials.\nMedia reports said British police stopped sharing information with their American counterparts after the leaks. Mark Rowley, head of Britain's counterterrorism unit, said late Thursday that the two countries had shared resumption of intelligence-sharing.\nTerrorism fight to top talks\nBefore meetings this week with NATO leaders, Trump called terrorism the \"number one\" problem facing the world.\nIn a meeting Wednesday with Belgian Prime Minister Charles Michel in Brussels, Trump pointed to the Manchester attack as an example of the pressing terror threat.\n\"When you see something like that happened a few days ago, you realize how important it is to win this fight, and we will win this fight,\" Trump said.\nMontenegro Prime Minister Dusko Markovic, center right, after appearing to be pushed by Donald Trump, center, during a NATO summit of heads of state and government in Brussels, May 25, 2017.\n\"We have to be able to increase defense spending when tensions are going up. And tensions are going up,\" NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg told reporters Thursday.\nA senior U.S. official told reporters Stoltenberg expressed surprise in his meeting with Trump that anyone would question Washington's commitment to the NATO collective defense principle.\n\"Stoltenberg seemed bemused that it would ever be asked,\" the official said. \"He [Stoltenberg] said deeds are what show the [U.S.] commitment to Article Five, and he came to the Article Five ceremony.\"\nAfter Brussels, the U.S. president returned to the Italian island of Sicily for a summit of the Group of Seven major industrialized Western powers.\n",
        "caption": "From left, British Prime Minister Theresa May, U.S. President Donald Trump and NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg listen to Belgian Prime Minister Charles Michel as he speaks during a working dinner meeting at the NATO headquarters during a NATO summ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/5F2E1501-4AC9-4B28-A7E8-3235DF610A54.jpg",
        "id": "16124_2",
        "answer": [
            "leaks in the U.S. media revealing details of the Manchester bombing investigation",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Theresa May"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_25_3870893",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_25_3870893_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person on the poster in the image asking?",
        "context": "China Controls Information About Ailing Nobel Prize Laureate\nAs China's government faces mounting international pressure to grant imprisoned Nobel Peace Prize laureate Liu Xiaobo his wish to leave the country for treatment of advanced liver cancer, it's fighting back with a familiar strategy: information control.\nFrom coordinated leaks of hospital surveillance video to a near-total news blackout for Chinese-language media and social media, the Chinese government's sprawling propaganda apparatus has revved up efforts to contain the controversy surrounding its most prominent political dissident.\nIn an update Tuesday afternoon, the hospital treating Liu said he remains in critical condition and is now on dialysis and organ support.\nLiu was convicted in 2009 of inciting subversion for his role in the \"Charter 08\" movement calling for political reform. He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize a year later while in prison.\nChinese media have hardly mentioned repeated calls by the U.S., the European Union and others for Beijing to let Liu leave on humanitarian grounds. Instead, state media provided extensive coverage this past week of President Xi Jinping's recent achievements, especially his travels to Russia and Germany, which they portrayed as a massive public relations triumph for China.\nOn Tuesday, state newspapers including the official People's Daily and the English-language China Daily trumpeted Xi's call to \"unswervingly advance\" China's judicial reform and improve the military. Meanwhile, the daily barrage of questions about Liu fired off by the international press at foreign ministry news briefings has been excised from the ministry's published transcripts, as if they were never asked.\nThe few mentions of Liu in the state media's overseas-oriented English editions in recent weeks contained denouncements and tough language aimed at foreign audiences.\n\"It is probably out of politics that some people and forces are requesting Liu to be treated abroad,\" the nationalistic Global Times tabloid, published by the People's Daily, said in an editorial Tuesday headlined \"Liu's cancer treatment mustn't be politicized.\"\n\"Today's China is stronger and more confident, and will not yield to Western pressure,\" it said, accusing unidentified overseas forces of \"squeezing Liu for their political goals.\"\nForeign ministry spokesman Geng Shuang reiterated on Tuesday that China hopes other countries can \"respect China's judicial sovereignty and not use such an individual case to interfere in China's domestic affairs.\"\nThe response is a reflection of the party's fear of showing weakness \"either at home or abroad,\" said Andrew Nathan, an expert on Chinese history and politics at Columbia University.\nAny sign of giving way \"would only encourage domestic enemies and foreign critics,\" Nathan said, adding, \"Been tough up to now, better continue being tough to the end.\"\nA more subtle effort to shape the narrative came this week when a video from Liu's hospital room emerged just as the government was saying that he was too sick to be transported abroad and was already receiving world-class treatment in China.\nSurveillance video from Saturday leaked to English-language Chinese state media showed two foreign doctors at Liu's bedside telling his wife, Liu Xia, that the medical team assembled by China's government was doing its \"utmost\" for her husband.\nHowever, in a subsequent statement that was ignored by Chinese media, the German and American doctors said Liu was capable of traveling abroad, and the German Embassy in Beijing lashed out at China for \"selectively leaking\" the video to state media in a breach of doctor-patient confidentiality.\n\"It seems that security organs are steering the process, not medical experts,\" the embassy said. \"This behavior undermines trust in the authorities dealing with Mr. Liu's case, which is vital to ensure maximum success of his medical treatment.\"\nThe hospital video leak followed a familiar pattern.\nAfter Liu's diagnosis was made public in June, a jailhouse video montage quickly found its way onto YouTube that showed him playing badminton with a prison guard, chatting with his wife during a visit and sitting for a teeth cleaning \u2014 all intended to show a decent quality of life behind bars at Jinzhou Prison. At one point, he was shown remarking about the \"great care\" that prison authorities have shown for his health.\nWatson Meng, who runs the overseas Chinese-language media site Boxun that reposted the video, told The Associated Press that he believed it must have been released by the authorities as part of their propaganda campaign.\nOutside of official channels, unauthorized discussion of Liu has been swiftly punished. A police document that surfaced on the Internet this week described how a 38-year-old man in central Hunan province had been detained for seven days for discussing Liu's situation on WeChat, a social media messaging app.\nLocal police in the city, Zhangjiajie, said they could not respond to questions about the case and referred inquiries to the provincial propaganda and foreign affairs offices, which did not respond to queries.\nNews searches for Liu's name on Baidu, China's largest internet search engine, have turned up no hits since February. Searches on WeChat also turn up empty.\nMany supporters of political reform inside China have instead taken to Twitter, which is inaccessible in China without special software, to circumvent government censors. Bao Tong, a 85-year-old former top Communist Party official who has been under house arrest for decades, began learning to tweet this week because he has been forbidden from giving media interviews or publishing articles about Liu, according to his son, Bao Pu.\n\"China's state-run media ... won't even report relevant information,\" the elder Bao fumed in one tweet. In another, he commemorated Liu's calls for freedom, referring to the first line of China's national anthem, \"Rise up, all those who don't want to be slaves.\"\n",
        "caption": "A protester displays a portrait of jailed Chinese Nobel Peace laureate Liu Xiaobo during a demonstration outside the Chinese liaison office in Hong Kong, July 11, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/824FE35E-D16C-4017-BFBC-8434C44F6FBA.jpg",
        "id": "24128_1",
        "answer": [
            "to leave the country for treatment of advanced liver cancer"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Liu Xiaobo"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_11_3937143",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_11_3937143_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What places did the event the people in the image are mourning over occur?",
        "context": "Iran's Supreme Leader: Attacks Will Increase Hatred of US, Saudis\nIran's leadership on Friday accused the United States and Saudi Arabia of supporting the attacks on Tehran that killed 17 people this week.\nAs thousands of Iranians attended a funeral for the victims, Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei said Wednesday's attacks would only increase hate for the U.S. and Saudi governments, according to state media.\nThe ayatollah made the statement in remarks of condolence for the victims. He said the twin attacks on parliament and the tomb of former leader Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini \"will not damage the Iranian nation's determination.\"\nExtremist group Islamic State claimed responsibility for the attacks.\nIranians in Tehran attend the funeral of victims of Islamic State militant attacks, June 9, 2017. Iranian leaders accused the United States and Saudi Arabia of supporting the IS-claimed dual attacks, which killed 17 people in Tehran this week.\nYet, at the funeral following Friday prayers, mourners chanted, \"Down with the U.S.,\" and they called for death for members of the Saudi royal family.\nAlso Friday, Iranian officials continued a crackdown that followed the attacks. Officials said they had detained 41 suspects in the capital and the country's western Kurdish provinces in raids on suspected safe houses.\nIran's Intelligence Ministry said Thursday that five of the men involved in the attacks were Iranians who had joined IS. The ministry said the men had fought for IS in Mosul, Iraq, and Raqqa, Syria, before returning to Iran last August.\nIranian security officials late Wednesday confirmed IS involvement, saying the attackers, many disguised as women, were Iranians who had joined the terror group. \nU.S. intelligence called the incident the worst domestic terror attack in Tehran since the 1980s, but an official said there had been signs IS was at least hoping to strike.\n",
        "caption": "Iranians attend the funeral of victims of Islamic State militant attacks, in Tehran, Iran, June 9, 2017. Twin attacks this week killed 17 people. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D798AA8B-EA8B-423F-87A9-20A410C47BF7.jpg",
        "id": "4409_1",
        "answer": [
            "Tehran",
            "parliament and the tomb of former leader Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "attacks",
            "Tehran"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_09_3894267",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_09_3894267_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What was the person with white hair in the image told?",
        "context": "N. Korea Concerns on Forefront on Secretary of State Tillerson's Visit to China\nBEIJING \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson says the U.S. and China feel a sense of urgency about North Korea, which on Sunday tested a high-thrust rocket that it called the \u201cnew birth\u201d of its rocket industry.\nConcerns about North Korea and its increasingly threatening behavior dominated discussions during Tillerson\u2019s first trip to the region, which included stops in Japan, South Korea and China, the final stop.\nWATCH: US Looks for New Way Forward on North Korea\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nUS Looks for New Way Forward on North Korea\nShare this video\n0:02:23\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:23\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 6.6MB\n360p | 10.3MB\n720p | 61.5MB\nThe administration of Donald Trump is looking for a new way forward on the issue and clearly finding a way to work together with China on the regional flash point is key.\n\"We've committed ourselves to do everything we can to prevent any type of conflict from breaking out. And we view there are a number of steps that we can take that are in front of us,\u201d Tillerson said, speaking at a joint news conference with Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi.\nNeither Tillerson nor Wang elaborated what steps are under consideration and it's still unclear whether Washington and Beijing see eye to eye on the issue.\nBefore Tillerson arrived in Beijing, President Donald Trump criticized China for not doing enough.\n\"North Korea is behaving badly. They have been playing the United States for years. China has done little to help!\" Trump said in the tweet.\nBut Wang told Tillerson it is everyone\u2019s responsibility to \u201cimplement sanctions\u201d and try and \u201crestart talks.\u201d\nEarlier in Tokyo, Tillerson declared that diplomatic and other efforts over the past 20 years to put an end North Korea's nuclear ambitions have failed.\nU.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson is welcomed by his Japanese counterpart Fumio Kishida at the Iikura Guesthouse in Tokyo, March 16, 2017.\nAll options on the table\nIn Seoul, He said all options are on the table, including military measures.\n\u201cIf North Korea takes actions that threatens South Korean forces or our own forces, then that would be met with an appropriate response. If they elevate the threat of their weapons program to a level that we believe requires action, that option is on the table,\u201d said Tillerson at a joint news conference with South Korean Foreign Minister Yun Byung-se.\nUS Secretary of State Rex Tillerson, left, speaks as South Korean Foreign Minister Yun Byung-se looks on during a press conference in Seoul, March 17, 2017.\nSome experts argue it\u2019s not a tougher approach that is needed, but direct talks without pre-conditions.\n\u201cOf course there is no guarantee for success. Right now the status-quo is not working. Time is not on our side,\u201d said James McKeon, a policy analyst at the Center for Arms Control and Non-Proliferation.\n\u201dThe North Koreans continue to advance their nuclear and ballistic missile capabilities to the point that they are now, not necessarily testing their missiles, they are showing off their missiles' capabilities.\"\nEarlier this month, North Korea conducted its latest missile launch, firing four missiles into the Sea of Japan. The ballistic missiles landed inside Japan's exclusive economic zone \u2014 an area according to international law that extends 200 kilometers off a country's coastline.\nRocket engine test\nOn Sunday, news of the rocket engine test came not long before Tillerson met with Chinese President Xi Jinping.\nNorth Korean leader Kim Jong Un said the test was successful and that \u201cthe world will soon witness the great significance of the epoch-making victory\u201d that Pyongyang has achieved.\nThe test consisted of firing the rocket engine while it was held in place on the ground, not powering a missile. The ignition took place at the Tongchang-ri rocket launch station, near the North\u2019s border with China, according to North Korea media.\nDuring Tillerson\u2019s meeting with Chinese President Xi on Sunday, the two discussed efforts to arrange a planned meeting between President Trump and Xi. Diplomatic sources told VOA the meeting from April 6-7 will take place at Trump\u2019s Mar-a-Lago resort in Florida.\nTillerson told Xi that President Trump looks forward to enhancing the understanding between the two countries, and \u201cthe opportunity for a visit in the future.\u201d\nTillerson: Trump Places High Value on Communication with China\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTillerson: Trump Places High Value on Communication with China\nShare this video\n0:00:31\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:31\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 1.1MB\n360p | 1.4MB\n480p | 7.5MB\nWorking together to get North Korea to change course is something Trump and Xi will need to work out face to face.\n",
        "caption": "Chinese President Xi Jinping (R) shakes hands with U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson before their meeting at at the Great Hall of the People on March 19, 2017 in Beijing, China. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F2D2C0E8-8F2B-49B1-B2BD-31417D5DF0C1.jpg",
        "id": "32951_1_3",
        "answer": [
            "it is everyone\u2019s responsibility to \u201cimplement sanctions\u201d and try and \u201crestart talks.\u201d"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Tillerson"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_19_3772482",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_19_3772482_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "How long has the person with the white hat in the image been ruling?",
        "context": "Uganda Police Arrest Academic Who Rebuked the First Family\nKAMPALA, UGANDA \u2014\u00a0\nUgandan police detained an academic who has been critical online of what she calls \"despotic family rule\" in this East African country.\nStella Nyanzi, a research fellow at Uganda's Makerere University, was arrested Friday for violating a law against misusing computers, police spokesman Asan Kasingye said Sunday.\nNyanzi would be charged this week with the offenses of cyber harassment and offensive communication, he said.\nNyanzi is popular on Facebook for her relentless criticisms of Ugandan President Yoweri Museveni, who has ruled since 1986. Museveni's critics increasingly warn that he plans to rule for life. Some Ugandan lawmakers have been recently saying they would back a proposal to remove the age limit from the country's constitution, the last obstacle to a possible life presidency for Museveni.\nOn Facebook recently, Nyanzi rebuked First Lady Janet Museveni, who also serves as education minister, for saying the government had no money to buy sanitary towels [napkins] for poor schoolgirls, although the president had promised to budget for them when he was campaigning for re-election last year. Many Ugandan girls are reported to drop out of school because of the shame they feel for lacking sanitary pads.\n\"I totally reject the idea that one cannot ... and should not criticize the people responsible for abusing the rights of Ugandans and resources of Uganda through thirty-one years of increasing despotic family rule,\" Nyanzi said in one of her Facebook posts. \"As a thinker, scholar, poetess, lyricist, writer, Facebooker and creative producer, it is my responsibility to boldly critique the corrupt tyrants of the day.\"\nNyanzi has described the first lady as \"foolish\" and out of touch with the problems of ordinary Ugandans. The academic, who trained as medical anthropologist, often uses sexual imagery to underscore her points on Facebook, leading many to accuse her of obscenity in this conservative country. But her fans say she is an honest activist who is using her literary skills to fight for the poor.\nIn an interview with a local TV station, the first lady said she had chosen to \"forgive\" Nyanzi's criticisms, which she described as hurtful.\n\"I still don't know what kind of wrong I committed to deserve that kind of language and the names she chose to call me, and all that. I just wanted to tell people that I honestly forgave that lady,\" the first lady said. \"Because I don't understand how an educationist can use that language to say anything about anybody.\"\n",
        "caption": "Uganda's long-time president Yoweri Museveni, 71, left, and his wife Janet Museveni, right, attend his inauguration ceremony in the capital Kampala, May 12, 2016. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/C2446C82-7E26-4282-8F8D-E47A0911AA52.jpg",
        "id": "1035_1",
        "answer": [
            "since 1986",
            "thirty-one years"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Uganda",
            "Yoweri Museveni"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_09_3802829",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_09_3802829_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What political ideology describes the person in the image with white hair?",
        "context": "Poll: Chile Election Competitive Despite Conservative Gains\nSANTIAGO \u2014\u00a0\nA leftist senator running for president in Chile's November election is tied in a head-to-head match-up with the right's frontrunner, even as his support has slipped in recent months, a poll released on Thursday showed.\nThe survey by pollster MORI shows Alejandro Guillier, a leftist former television journalist, winning 33 percent of the vote in a potential runoff, with conservative ex-President Sebastian Pinera taking 32 percent. The remainder of participants did not respond, did not know who they would vote for, or said they would not cast a ballot.\nChile is set to hold the first round of its presidential election on Nov. 19. If no candidate wins more the 50 percent, the top two will face off in a head-to-head matchup scheduled for Dec. 17.\nThe one-percentage-point difference between the two candidates is within the poll's 3 percentage point margin of error and represents a slight slip for Guillier who had been winning head-to-head by 5 percentage points in December.\nStill, it shows Chile's presidential election will likely be competitive, even as the Chilean stock market is beginning to price in a conservative win as Pinera enjoys the support of a unified right and a healthy first-round lead.\nA victory for Guillier would likely mean a deepening of the social-democratic reforms initiated by outgoing leftist President Michelle Bachelet, while a Pinera presidency would mean a more free-market approach to governance.\nFILE - Chilean former President Sebastian Pinera (L) and Chilean right-wing lawyer and Santiago's mayoral candidate Felipe Alessandri greet supporters during Municipal elections in Santiago, Oct. 23, 2016.\nIn the first round, the poll showed Pinera taking 26 percent and Guillier taking 14 percent. That represents an improvement for Piner, who was leading Guillier by just 4 percentage points in the December poll.\nPinera also strengthened or established a lead in related questions, such as who respondents believe will be the next president, regardless of their personal preference.\nA number of relatively minor hopefuls, such as the hard-left Beatriz Sanchez and populist conservative Manuel Jose Ossandon, have support in the mid-single-digits, according to the poll.\nMORI surveyed 1,200 people face-to-face from March 28 to April 10.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Chilean former President Sebastian Pinera (L) and Chilean right-wing lawyer and Santiago's mayoral candidate Felipe Alessandri greet supporters during Municipal elections in Santiago, Oct. 23, 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/10B5FF41-D498-4C3E-80A8-D511944EB33B.jpg",
        "id": "16532_2",
        "answer": [
            "conservative",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Sebastian Pinera",
            "President Sebastian Pinera"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_20_3819037",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_20_3819037_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What was the previous type of job of the person wearing a uniform in the image had?",
        "context": "Trump Names Army Strategist McMaster as National Security Adviser\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. President Donald Trump named a new national security adviser Monday, picking Army Lieutenant General H.R. McMaster, a military strategist who has spent his entire career in the U.S. armed forces.\nTrump called the 54-year-old McMaster \"a man of tremendous talent and tremendous experience.\"\nThe president, making the announcement from his Florida retreat Mar-a-Lago along the Atlantic Ocean, said that retired Army Lieutenant General Keith Kellogg, who had been his acting adviser, will now serve as chief of staff of the National Security Council.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-partner=\\\"tweetdeck\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;Just named General H.R. McMaster National Security Advisor.\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/833783438922629125\\\"\\u0026gt;February 20, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nMcMaster is currently director of the Army's Capabilities Integration Center, an Army agency tasked with integrating \"war-fighting capabilities into the force\" and with other government agencies. Trump selected him over at least three other contenders, including Kellogg.\nRetired Army Lt. Gen. Keith Kellogg listens as Trump announces that Army Lt. Gen. H.R. McMaster will be the new national security adviser. Kellogg, who had been his acting adviser, will now serve as chief of staff of the National Security Council.\nA much-decorated soldier \nMcMaster will replace Michael Flynn, the retired Army general Trump fired a week ago after just 24 days on the job at the start of Trump's assumption of power in Washington. The new president said last week it was unacceptable to him that Flynn lied to Vice President Mike Pence about contacts he had with the Russian ambassador to Washington in the weeks before Trump was inaugurated a month ago. \nMcMaster is a much-decorated soldier, winning a Silver Star early in his Army career leading U.S. troops in their destruction of 80 Iraqi Republican Guard tanks without U.S. losses in a battle against Saddam Hussein's forces during their 1991 invasion of Kuwait. McMaster has held numerous key Army postings over the last 25 years.\nThree years ago, Time magazine put him on its list of the 100 most influential people in the world, calling him \"the architect of the future U.S. Army.\"\nThe immediate reaction from members of Congress was positive.\nSen. John McCain, who has occasionally voiced concerns about Trump's administration, especially over foreign policy and security issues, said McMaster is \"an outstanding choice for national security adviser,\" and called him \"a man of genuine intellect, character and ability.\"\nFellow Republicans Sen. Tom Cotton and Rep. Adam Kinzinger also heaped praise on McMaster, with Cotton tweeting the general is \"one of the finest combat leaders of our generation.\"\nRep. Adam Schiff, a frequent Trump critic, tweeted that McMaster is a \"solid choice, bright & strategic. Wrote the book on importance of standing up to POTUS [president of the U.S.]. May need to show same independence here.\"\nFILE - Mike Flynn arrives for a news conference in the East Room of the White House in Washington, Feb. 13, 2017.\nPence 'disappointed' by Flynn\nPence said Monday he was \"disappointed\" to learn that Flynn had misled him about his contacts with the Russian ambassador, stressing that he supported Trump's decision to fire him.\nPence, during a news conference at NATO headquarters in Brussels, said, \"It was the proper decision, it was handled properly and in a timely way.\"\nTrump's chief of staff said Sunday that the person selected to be the next national security adviser \u2014 McMaster, as it turns out \u2014 will have full authority over staffing decisions for the National Security Council.\nThat issue over control was reportedly one reason former Navy admiral Robert Harward turned down the job last week.\n\"The president has said very clearly that the new director will have total and complete say over the makeup of the NSC and all of the components of the NSC,\" White House chief of staff Reince Priebus said on Fox News Sunday. Harward was Trump's first choice to replace Flynn.\nFILE - Former Defense Secretary Leon Panetta, speaks during the third day of the Democratic National Convention in Philadelphia, July 27, 2016.\nPanetta voices his concerns\nFormer U.S. Defense Secretary Leon Panetta told NBC's Meet the Press on Sunday the turmoil surrounding the key position has made U.S. national security operations \"dysfunctional.\"\n\"What happens if there's a major crisis that faces this country?\" Panetta said. \"If Russia engages in a provocation, if Iran does something stupid, if North Korea does something stupid and we have to respond, where is the structure to be able to evaluate that threat, consider it, and provide options to the president?\n\"Right now, that's dysfunctional, and that's what worries me a great deal,\" said Panetta, who also once served as director of the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency.\nWATCH: Pence on Flynn \nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nPence: 'Disappointed' in General Flynn\nShare this video\n0:01:01\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:01\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 2.1MB\n360p | 2.6MB\n480p | 15.7MB\n",
        "caption": "President Donald Trump, right, speaks as Army Lt. Gen. H.R. McMaster, left, listens at Trump's Mar-a-Lago estate in Palm Beach, Fla., Feb. 20, 2017, where Trump announced that McMaster will be the new national security adviser.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/86403468-F01F-4F37-83E8-26A14EB14714.jpg",
        "id": "29553_1_1",
        "answer": [
            "military strategist"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "General H.R. McMaster"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_20_3732197",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_20_3732197_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the makers of the craft in the image do?",
        "context": "Allegations of Alcohol Smuggling, Theft, Sex Trafficking by US Firm in Iraq\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nAn American company that was paid nearly $700 million to secure an Iraqi base for F-16 fighter jets turned a blind eye to alcohol smuggling, theft, security violations, and allegations of sex trafficking \u2014 then fired investigators who uncovered wrongdoing, an Associated Press investigation has found.\nDocuments and interviews with two former internal investigators and a half-dozen former or current Sallyport Global staff describe schemes at Iraq\u2019s Balad Air Base that were major contract violations at best and, if proven, illegal.\nThe fired investigators, Robert Cole and Kristie King, said they uncovered evidence that Sallyport employees were involved in human trafficking for prostitution. Staff on base routinely flew in smuggled alcohol in such high volumes that a plane once seesawed on the tarmac under the weight. Rogue militia stole enormous generators using flatbed trucks and a 60-foot crane, driving right past Sallyport security guards.\n\u00bb Online: Read documents about Sallyport\u2019s activities in Iraq\nFrom Iraq to Virginia\nThe trouble stretches to headquarters in Reston, Virginia, say the investigators and other ex-employees interviewed by AP. They say much of what they uncovered was not revealed to the U.S. government, which was footing the $686 million contracting bill, until early this year \u2014 after an auditor started asking questions.\nThe investigators were fired abruptly March 12 \u2014 just two months ago \u2014 and immediately flown out of Iraq. They say they had been looking into timesheet fraud allegations and were set to interview company managers, whom they considered suspects.\nKristie King walks through her Amarillo, Texas, neighborhood, March 24, 2017, about a week after she had been terminated from her security contractor job in Iraq.\n\u201cI feel like they got us out so quickly because they feel like we knew too much,\u201d King said in an interview. \u201cWhen we finally got the idea that they were hiding all of the stuff from the U.S. government, it was mind-blowing.\u201d\nSallyport statement\nIn a statement to the AP, Sallyport said it follows all contracting rules at the base, home to a squadron of F-16s that are indispensable to the operations of the U.S.-led coalition against the Islamic State group.\n\u201cSallyport has a strong record of providing security and life support services in challenging war zones like Iraq and plays a major but unheralded role in the war against ISIS,\u201d Chief Operating Officer Matt Stuckart wrote. \u201cThe company takes any suggestion of wrongdoing at Balad very seriously.\u201d\nIn one allegation, informants told the investigators that flight line staff, who directed airplanes on the runways and handled cargo, were showing up drunk. At one point they passed around a bowl of gummy bears soaked in vodka .\nAlcohol on base was restricted, but the booze was everywhere, smuggled in by plane, several former employees told The AP. According to investigative documents and witnesses, empty suitcases were loaded onto Baghdad-bound roundtrip flights. The bags returned packed with alcohol-filled plastic water bottles that skirted security \u2014 a significant risk in a war zone.\nStuckart said Sallyport stood by its security procedures and got \u201chigh marks\u201d from the U.S. Air Force.\nSteve Anderson, a former employee of Sallyport Global, is interviewed by The Associated Press, April 27, 2017, in New York. Anderson says his managers pressured him to sign off on faked manifests for aircraft carrying smuggled alcohol.\nBut Steve Anderson, who worked on flight logistics, says he was told by managers to sign off on manifests he knew had been falsified to hide alcohol and guns. The planes were so heavy that one tipped over nose-first while parked, \u201clike a seesaw,\u201d he recalled.\nWhen he raised concerns, it was suggested he find a new job, said Anderson, whose position was soon eliminated.\nUnder Iraqi control\nBalad is controlled by the Iraqi government. Americans have been there off and on since 2003. The base was evacuated in June 2014, when IS began overrunning Iraqi territory.\nWhen the Americans returned, Sallyport\u2019s job was to keep Balad safe for the F-16s \u2014 and their Iraqi pilots. The contract required investigations into potential crimes and contract violations. That was the job of Cole and King.\nOn July 13, 2015, four F-16s landed at the base, the first of a planned 36 from the U.S. Trouble came within 24 hours, when a long skid mark appeared on the tarmac, stopping about 45 yards from a jet in the \u201cno-go area.\u201d\nA truck driver had lost control of his vehicle, but never reported it.\nRobert Cole, a former Sallyport Global investigator, speaks in Columbus, Ga., March 23, 2017, during an interview with The Associated Press. Cole says he and another investigator were fired after uncovering wrongdoing at Balad Air Base, where the company had a security contract\nThree months later, Cole reported the theft of an armored Toyota SUV assigned to VIPs. His chief suspect was a Sallyport bodyguard. The Toyota was recovered within days; Cole was called off the case.\nA former senior manager defended that order, telling the AP that negotiations with the militias were sensitive and needed Iraqi cooperation. He said the chief suspect was banned from the base, but Cole later saw the man walking around freely.\nSecurity breaches continued. On Nov. 15, 2016, just before 2 a.m., militia drove three flatbeds onto the base, one equipped with a crane. After lifting three enormous generators onto the trucks, the militia drove away unchallenged.\nCole\u2019s reports noted lax protection for the F-16s. Despite requirements to report major security breaches, the U.S. government was not informed until early this year about the truck skidding so close to an F-16, according to Cole and two other former Sallyport employees. Both spoke only on condition of anonymity because they did not want to jeopardize their current jobs.\nStumbling on to prostitution\nAs Cole and King sought to get to the bottom of the alcohol smuggling, they stumbled across a prostitution ring in Baghdad whose customers included Sallyport employees, informants said. They learned that four Ethiopians who had previously worked as prostitutes at the hotel had moved to Balad and were doing the same while moonlighting as Sallyport housekeepers.\nBefore either investigation was completed, a Sallyport executive in Virginia shut them down, they say. Stuckart said the prostitution allegations were not substantiated.\n\u201cIt is absurd to suggest that the company would shut down an inquiry into a matter of such gravity,\u201d he said.\nBy then, Cole and King had begun their investigation into complaints that Sallyport managers were falsifying timesheets and people were getting paid without working.\nThe investigators say company lawyers ordered them to keep two sets of books, which they interpreted as an attempt to deceive auditors.\n\u201cOne for the government to see and one for the government not to see,\u201d King said.\nThe company said that the investigators misinterpreted the instructions.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - One of four new U.S.-made F-16 fighter jets outside a hardened hangar upon its arrival to Balad Air Base, north of Baghdad, Iraq, July 2015. Documents and interviews describe schemes at the air base that were major contract violations or illegal.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/38ABDF5F-7D19-41F2-BD12-F6BF092980B3.jpg",
        "id": "30428_1",
        "answer": [
            "turned a blind eye to alcohol smuggling, theft, security violations, and allegations of sex trafficking"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "F-16"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_03_3837268",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_03_3837268_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What was the list of things the people in the image discussed?",
        "context": "Trump Calls Syria Attack 'An Affront to Humanity'\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. President Donald Trump condemned Syrian President Bashar al-Assad on Wednesday for the deadly chemical weapons attack in Syria, calling it \"an affront to humanity,\" but declining to say what action the United States might take in response.\n\"You will see. They will have a message, you will see what the message will be,\" Trump vowed at a White House news conference alongside Jordan's visiting leader, King Abdullah.\nTrump described the Tuesday chemical attack in Syria that killed 100 people and left another 350 stricken, including many children, as \"horrific,\" adding, \"It's very, very possible that my attitude to Assad has changed very much. These heinous actions by the Assad regime cannot be tolerated.\"\nA still image taken from a video posted to a social media website on April 4, 2017, shows people lying on the ground, said to be in the town of Khan Sheikhoun, after what rescue workers described as a suspected gas attack in rebel-held Idlib, Syria.\nBut Trump, while issuing a stern warning to Assad, said he would not disclose ahead of time how the United States might respond.\n\"I'm not saying I'm going to do anything, but I'm certainly not going\" to announce it in advance, Trump told one reporter, while also assailing U.S. and Iraqi military leaders for announcing months ahead of time of their plans to attack Mosul to try to oust Islamic State fighters from Iraq's second biggest city.\nTrump criticized his predecessor, former President Barack Obama, for failing to act in 2012 against the Assad regime after declaring \"a red line\" necessitating U.S. military action if the Syrian leader used chemical or biological weapons against an array of fighters trying to overthrow his government.\nWhile numerous lawmakers criticized Obama at the time for his inaction, Congress also balked at approving U.S. military intervention. At the time, Trump himself also urged Obama in a series of tweets not to attack Syria.\nUnder sunny skies in the Rose Garden Wednesday, Trump said Obama \"had a great opportunity\" to intervene in Syria, and the fact that he did not \"set us back a long ways, not only in Syria but in many other parts of the world, because it was a blank threat. I think it was something that was not one of our better days as a country.\"\nBut Trump said that, as president, \"I now have responsibility, and I will have that responsibility, and carry it very proudly.\"\nFor his part, the Jordanian monarch told Trump, \"On Syria and the gas attack, unfortunately, as you and I both agree, this is another testament to the failure of the international diplomacy to find solutions to this crisis.\"\nA Day After Deadly Gas Attack in Kahn Sheikhoun, Syria\nHe said the Syrian conflict \"has been going on, ongoing for seven years now, has descended into proxy wars from different parties with dubious agendas. But at the end of the day, as you pointed out, Mr. President, it\u2019s the civilians, women and children that are paying the heaviest price.\n\"This is happening on our watch,\" King Abdullah said, \"on our conscience as well as the global community, and I know the passion and emotion that the president has expressed in how this should not be tolerated whatsoever. And this --- threshold of inhumanity and savagery that are being crossed every day, is something that I know the president will not allow to ... happen wherever it may be, and I fully support and endorse the president in this issue.\u201d\nThe deadly attack in Syria, on Jordan's doorstep, as well as the possibility of renewed Israeli-Palestinian peace talks, topped the agenda of talks between Trump and King Abdullah.\nJordan's king, acting as something of an envoy from the Arab world, was bringing a message of renewed interest in a peace pact with Israel that would include Arab and Muslim nation recognition of the Jewish state in exchange for creation of a Palestinian state in the West Bank, Gaza and East Jerusalem.\nKing Abdullah called the decades-long Israeli-Palestinian stalemate \"essentially the core conflict in our region.\" He said Trump's \"early engagement ... in bringing the Palestinians and the Israelis together ... a very encouraging sign for all of us.\"\nArab leaders renewed the offer they first made to Israel in 2002 at a summit meeting last week, but Israel has balked at withdrawing from lands it captured in 1967's Six-Day War.\nThe new possibility of peace talks and creation of a Palestinian state dovetails with Trump's announced goal of achieving a lasting Mideast accord, something that has eluded U.S. presidents for decades.\nU.S. President Donald Trump, right, reaches out to Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu during a joint news conference at the White House in Washington, Feb. 15, 2017.\nTrump has declared himself a staunch friend of Israel and already has met with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu at the White House. The new U.S. president at first said he could envision alternatives to the two-state, Israeli-Palestinian solution long backed by other U.S. presidents.\nRecently, however, he seems to have taken more measured steps in the region, seeking a slowdown in creation of more Israeli settlements in the occupied territories and holding off on a promise to move the U.S. embassy from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem.\nThere have been no substantial Israeli-Palestinian peace talks since Netanyahu's 2009 election.\n",
        "caption": "President Donald Trump and Jordan's King Abdullah II shake hands following a news conference in the Rose Garden of the White House in Washington, April 5, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/586CA416-8132-48F5-BEAC-3CFAD38142C7.jpg",
        "id": "13261_1",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "The deadly attack in Syria, on Jordan's doorstep, as well as the possibility of renewed Israeli-Palestinian peace talks"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Trump and King Abdullah",
            "Donald Trump and Jordan's King Abdullah II"
        ],
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        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_05_3797181_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What criticism is held about the protestors in the photo",
        "context": "People Across US Gather to Champion Women's Issues\nIt wasn\u2019t just another day at Paradigm Talent Agency. Many of its employees did not come to work.\n\u201cThe chairman of our company sent out a mass email to the entire company, not just the women, saying he was encouraging all of us to do this. And then this morning, I got several individual emails from male colleagues saying that they were proud of me for participating in this,\u201d said literary agent Valarie Phillips.\nMany of her Los Angeles colleagues and thousands of others across the United States are participating in \u201cA Day Without a Woman.\u201d As part of International Women\u2019s Day, it was a day to skip work, wear red and rally to support women\u2019s issues and women\u2019s rights.\nPeople participate in the 'Day Without a Woman' rally in front of Los Angeles City Hall, March 8, 2017. (E. Lee/VOA)\nThe female employees at Paradigm Talent Agency started their morning at a colleague\u2019s home in Los Angeles to put together personal hygiene bags for homeless women who are moving to permanent housing.\n\u201cSo we have 101 women in the Los Angeles office, so we decided to put together 101 hygiene bags today. And I think that\u2019s actually a nice symbol, because I think as 101 it represents us as a group united, and the 1 represents us as individuals. We need to show up for things like today and we need to show up to be a part of the sisterhood,\u201d said Phillips, who later attended a rally in front of L.A. City Hall with her colleagues.\nCoast-to-coast rallies\nThousands of women and some men participated in rallies and marches in cities across the U.S. \n\u201cWe\u2019re putting an important message out there that women matter. We\u2019re more than half the population. We can make a difference in this world. I think we stand more for things we believe in: the love, the beauty, the hope, the uplifted side of humanity. We want to share that with others,\u201d said retired nurse Mona Dimick, who attended the rally in Los Angeles with her sister.\nIn more rural areas of the U.S., such as Mount Carroll, Illinois, the mood was very different and few people knew about the event. \nRuide Jusufi, originally from Albania, owns a caf\u00e9 in Mount Carroll. She said observing International Women\u2019s Day is more prevalent in Europe than the U.S.\n\u201cBeing a woman, [you] work. Do work. That\u2019s it. This is the woman\u2019s day. You have to work. You have to take care of your husband, your kids, [and] your grandkids,\u201d Jusufi said.\nDemonstrators at the International Women's Day rally stage a sit-down protest outside Trump International Hotel at Columbus Circle, March 8, 2017, in New York.\nMen march, too\nMen also participated in the rallies. For Carlos Heredia, fighting for women\u2019s rights is personal.\n\u201cGrowing up, seeing my mom abused by my father, then seeing my three sisters abused by their men and the consistency of hearing what goes on, of what they call \u2018gym talk\u2019 or \u2018corporate talk.\u2019 I think me, being a male, I need to do my job to protect our women,\u201d Heredia said.\nWomen\u2019s rights mean different things to different people. Some participants are advocating for gender equality and equal pay, others for abortion rights.\nKarin Agness, founder of the conservative women\u2019s group Network of Enlightened Women, agrees on the need for gender equality. But she says Wednesday\u2019s rallies exclude conservative women like herself and sends the wrong message.\n\u201cWomen have made great gains, and it\u2019s frustrating for me as a young woman that the women\u2019s movement today really sees women as victims still, and as a victim class in need of the government to fix their problems,\u201d she said.\n\u201cIf they are really concerned about women in the workplace, they could have come up with some more concrete actions that really would have made a difference. I think this is more a media opportunity and less about advancing women,\u201d Agness added.\nIn Washington, D.C., several thousand people marched and rallied outside the White House. For many women, this event was also a political protest against President Donald Trump.\n\u201cWhat this president unfortunately is trying to do -- he and his ridiculous Cabinet -- is bring this country backwards. \u2026 We thought we had fought and made progress many, many years ago. Unfortunately I think we got complacent, and we stopped fighting, and we have to keep fighting,\u201d Gabriella Belli said.\nMany participants of \u201cA Day Without A Woman\u201d said they are the lucky ones.\n\u201cI know a lot of people can\u2019t actually be here because they\u2019ve got jobs they have to be at. So when you\u2019re at a position where you can and you\u2019ve got people saying \u2018go,\u2019 it\u2019s important for us to be here and represent for those who can\u2019t, and it\u2019s incredibly important,\u201d said Nicolle Alfaro who attended the Los Angeles rally with her friend.\nSurrounded by a sea of red, these women said they feel empowered to continue the fight for women\u2019s rights of all kinds within their own communities.\n",
        "caption": "People participate in the 'Day Without a Woman' rally in front of Los Angeles City Hall, March 8, 2017. (E. Lee/VOA)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/00AF70B8-0622-4D22-8563-14D6958AB69A.jpg",
        "id": "6867_1",
        "answer": [
            "conservative women"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "rallies "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_09_3756633",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_09_3756633_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "How many people in the country are like the ones present in the image?",
        "context": "Cuban Entrepreneurs Start First Private Business Group\nHAVANA \u2014\u00a0\nA handful of entrepreneurs have quietly formed communist Cuba's first private small business association, testing the government's willingness to allow Cubans to organize outside the strict bounds of state control.\nMore than a half million Cubans officially work in the private sector, with tens, perhaps hundreds, of thousands more working off the books. Cuba's legal system and centrally planned state economy have changed little since the Cold War, however, and private business people are officially recognized only as \"self-employed,\" a status with few legal protections and no access to wholesale goods or the ability to import and export.\nThe government is expected to take an incremental step toward changing that Thursday when Cuba's National Assembly approves a series of documents updating the country's economic reform plan and laying out long-term goals through 2030. Those goals include the first official recognition of private enterprise and small- and medium-size businesses, although it could be years before any actual changes are felt on the ground in the country.\nThe Havana-based Association of Businessmen is trying to move ahead faster, organizing dozens of entrepreneurs into a group that will provide help, advice, training and representation to members of the private sector. The group applied in February for government recognition. While the official deadline for a response has passed, the group has yet to receive either an OK or negative attention from authorities, leaving it in the peculiar status known in Cuba as \"alegal\" or a-legal, operating unmolested but vulnerable to a crackdown at any time.\n\"People have approached with a lot of interest but they don't want to join until we're officially approved,\" said Edilio Hernandez, one of the association's founders. Trained as a lawyer, Hernandez also works as a self-employed taxi driver.\n\"Many people really understand that entrepreneurs need a guiding light, someone who helps them,\" he said.\nAnother founder, Rodolfo Marino, has a construction license and has worked privately and under contract to state agencies. He said organizers of the association have gone door-to-door trying to recruit members by convincing them they need independent representation.\nThe group says roughly 90 entrepreneurs have signed up. Without legal recognition, the group is not yet charging membership fees, the organizers say. Until then, they meet occasionally in Marino's Havana home to plan their path forward, which includes legal appeals for government recognition.\n\"We hope to push the country's economic development forward,\" he said.\nThe number of officially self-employed Cubans has grown by a factor of five, to 535,000 in a country of 11 million, since President Raul Castro launched limited market-based reforms in 2010. The government currently allows 200 types of private work, from language teacher to furniture maker. In reality, many officially self-employed people have become owners of small business, some with dozens of employees and hundreds of thousands of dollars in annual revenue \u2014 big number for a country where the monthly state salary is about $25.\nWithout access to government-controlled imports, exports or wholesale supplies, business owners are emptying the shelves of state stores, either by snapping up items as soon as they arrive or buying them stolen on the black market. That leaves them vulnerable to crackdowns and frequent extortion from state inspectors.\nThe government has taken a few tentative moves toward easing the situation in recent months \u2014 opening stores where owners of some of the country's 21,000 bed-and-breakfasts and 2,000 private restaurants can buy large quantities of goods, although still at retail prices.\nThe state has also promised special access to gas and car parts to taxi drivers who comply with widely flouted government caps on fares.\nAlong with those small steps, the future of the Association of Businessmen is a gauge of Cuba's openness to private enterprise and its ability to move forward, the group's founders say.\n\"We really hope they approve us,\" said Hernandez, the lawyer and taxi driver. \"If they don't, we'll be in the hands of a state that considers us illegal and we won't be able to reach our goal of representing entrepreneurs. If they do, it will be a sign that things are changing.\"\n",
        "caption": "Fruit and vegetable vendors push their cart after a day's work, as two boys ride under the cart in Havana, May 31, 2017. The number of officially self-employed Cubans has grown by a factor of five since President Raul Castro launched limited market-based reforms in 2010.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/06BF2CF0-BF05-4D8F-83A1-DB6465859C44.jpg",
        "id": "375_1",
        "answer": [
            "a half million",
            "535,000"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "self-employed",
            "self-employed Cubans",
            "limited market-based reforms"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_01_3882774",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_01_3882774_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What was asked of the person on the right of the image?",
        "context": "Deadly Militant Attack Strains Fragile Pakistan-Iran Ties\nISLAMABAD, PAKISTAN \u2014\u00a0\nIran is pressing Pakistan to capture and punish Sunni militants who staged last week\u2019s deadly terrorist attack on Iranian border guards before allegedly fleeing to the neighboring country.\nA high-powered 12-member Iranian delegation, led by Foreign Minister Javad Zarif, visited Islamabad Wednesday and raised the issue with Pakistani leaders.\nAn anti-Iran Sunni Muslim militant group called Jaish al Adl, or the Army of Justice, took credit for the April 26 ambush in the southeastern province of Sistan-Balouchestan, which borders southwestern largest Pakistani province of Baluchistan.\nIranian officials said the attackers killed nine guards, wounded two others, abducted one, and then fled to the Pakistani side.\nZarif\u2019s delegation opened the day-long visit by meeting with Interior Minister Nisar Ali Khan, who also overseas border security matters. Speaking to reporters after the meeting, the Pakistani minister tried to play down the tensions stemming from the border incident.\n\u201cAs I mentioned to my brother His Excellency, the [Iranian] Foreign Minister, it's a case of two countries with one soul. There are too many common bonds,\" said Khan. \"Yes, there are a few irritants. We have decided to work on a fast-track basis to remove the irritants and send a message to the world that Pakistan and Iran are two countries with one soul.\u201d\nBorder issues\nA statement issued later said that the two governments also agreed \u201cin principle to revive hotline\u201d between their border security forces to resolve any issues at the border.\nThey also decided that \u201cOperational Committees\u201d at political and military levels would be constituted with a special focus on border management, information and intelligence sharing for curbing illegal cross-border movement, human smuggling and drug trafficking, it added.\nThe Iranian delegation latter met with Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif, where the Pakistani leader conveyed his country\u2019s \u201cserious condolences to the government and people of Iran\u201d over last week\u2019s killings of Iranian forces, according to another statement.\nIranian President Hassan Rouhani on Friday wrote to Sharif, calling for the perpetrators of the attack to be brought to justice.\nThe Iranian side has not released any details of the meetings, but Iran's state media, including IRNA, have quoted Foreign Minister Zarif as follows:\n\"The Iranian top diplomat, for his part, highlighted the need for resolution of border issues, a strong and effective fight against terrorists, as well as the arrest and persecution of terrorist groups, especially the perpetrators of Mirjaveh [the border area] terrorist attack.\"\nTenuous relationship\nTehran has long alleged that anti-state militants use Pakistani soil for plotting terrorist attacks against Iran. The two countries share nearly 1,000-kilometer long border.\nThe killings of Iranian forces is the latest in a series of events in recent months that have strained an already fragile relationship between Pakistan and Iran.\nPakistan\u2019s recent decision to become part of a Saudi Arabia-led military coalition of 41 predominantly Sunni Muslim nations also has upset Iran.\nFormer Pakistani military chief, retired General Raheel Sharif, is already in Riyadh where he is preparing to take charge as the first commander-in-chief of the alliance. Defenses ministers of member nations also are due to hold an inaugural meeting later this month.\nSaudi officials insist the coalition is formed to fight regional terrorism, but Iranian officials see it as an anti-Iran grouping and an attempt to expand Saudi influence in the region.\n",
        "caption": "In this handout photograph released by the Press Information Department (PID) on May 3, 2017, Pakistan's Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif (R) meets with Iranian Minister of Foreign affairs Mohammad Javad Zarif (2L) at the Prime Minister's House in Islamabad. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/80C5F7A3-95CF-4897-8B96-703CDBE640E8.jpg",
        "id": "3144_1",
        "answer": [
            "Iran is pressing Pakistan to capture and punish Sunni militants who staged last week\u2019s deadly terrorist attack on Iranian border guards before allegedly fleeing to the neighboring country.",
            "for the perpetrators of the attack to be brought to justice.",
            "the perpetrators of the attack to be brought to justice"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Nawaz Sharif",
            "Pakistan's",
            "Sharif"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_03_3835967",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_03_3835967_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person wearing the tie in the image talk about?",
        "context": "Saudi-Turkish Ties Strained over Differing Views on Qatar\nRIYADH \u2014\u00a0\nTies between Saudi Arabia and Turkey have begun to fray due to sharply different policies toward Qatar.\nSaudi Arabia has led other Arab nations in cutting diplomatic ties with Qatar over allegations the small Gulf nation backs terror groups and that its policies, including its support for Islamist groups, threatens the region. Qatar denies it backs terror groups and says the decision to isolate it is politically motivated.\nTurkey, which is a strong backer of Islamist groups like the Muslim Brotherhood, has criticized the measures against Qatar and authorized the deployment of additional troops to Qatar in a show of support. Turkey also sent additional supplies of dairy products to Qatar's capital, Doha, after Saudi Arabia sealed shut Qatar's only land border, impacting a significant source of food imports.\nTurkish Foreign Minister Mevlut Cavusoglu held talks late Friday with Saudi Arabia's King Salman about the crisis engulfing Qatar. No statement was issued after their meeting.\nSaudi tour guides Khalid Abdullah and Edris Ismail told The Associated Press on Sunday that some Saudis are cancelling planned visits to Turkey for the upcoming Muslim Eid holiday, which starts next week. Saudi Arabia says around 250,000 Saudis visited Turkey last year.\nAn Arabic hashtag on Twitter has also appeared calling for Saudis to cut ties with Turkey.\nTurkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdogan raised eyebrows over the weekend when he said King Salman agreed to consider an offer to establish a Turkish military base in the kingdom alongside a Turkish base in Qatar.\nIn an interview aired Thursday with Portuguese broadcaster RTP, Erdogan said work on the Turkish base in Qatar began in 2014 with the aim of supporting regional security. Erdogan added that he had previously raised the possibility of a Turkish base in Saudi Arabia and said the Saudi king agreed to consider the offer.\nThe official Saudi Press Agency released a statement Saturday strongly rejecting any such offer.\n\"Saudi Arabia cannot allow Turkey to establish military bases on its territories,\" the statement, adding that the country \"has no need for this.\"\nTies between Saudi Arabia and Turkey had become strained under King Salman's predecessor over Turkey's support for the Muslim Brotherhood during the height of Arab Spring protests. Those ties, however, had begun to improve under Salman after he aligned Saudi Arabia closer with Turkey and other Sunni Muslim countries in a bid to counter Shi'ite-ruled Iran.\n",
        "caption": "Saudi Arabia's King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud (R) meets with Turkish Foreign Minister Mevlut Cavusoglu in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, June 16, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/58407CF1-5408-4C47-8BA8-FBBED40C02FB.jpg",
        "id": "23457_1",
        "answer": [
            "the crisis engulfing Qatar"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Mevlut Cavusoglu"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_18_3905326",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_18_3905326_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What will the person with the long hair in the image do?",
        "context": "Federer Wins Australian Open\nSwiss tennis star Roger Federer has defeated Spaniard Rafael Nadal in a marathon five-set match to win the Australian Open in Melbourne and capture his 18th Grand Slam title.\nFederer, 35, outlasted Nadal 6-4, 3-6, 6-1, 3-6, 6-3 on Sunday.\nThe win is Federer's fifth Australian Open title and his first at a major tournament since he won the 2012 Wimbledon championship.\n\"There are no draws in tennis but I would have been happy to share one with Rafa tonight,\" Federer said after the more than 3 1/2-hour match.\n\"It was a great match and I think Roger probably deserved it a little more than me. I will keep on fighting,\" said Nadal.\nFederer and Nadal have played 35 times, with Nadal leading 23-12 and 6-3 in Grand Slam finals, including a win over Federer in the 2009 Australian Open.\nUnited States' Serena Williams, right, holds her trophy after defeating her sister Venus, left, during the women's singles final at the Australian Open tennis championships in Melbourne, Australia, Jan. 28, 2017.\nIn the women's final on Saturday, American women's tennis star Serena Williams defeated her sister Venus Williams in straight sets (6-4, 6-4).\nWith the victory, the 35-year-old Serena Williams powered her way into the record books with 23 Grand Slam titles, surpassing German Steffi Graf as winner of the most Grand Slams since the beginning of the Open era in 1968, when professional and amateur players competed in the same events. Aussie tennis icon Margaret Court won 24 majors but collected 13 of those before the Open era.\nThe victory at Rod Laver Arena also ensured Serena Williams will regain the top ranking, which she lost in September after 186 consecutive weeks when German Angelique Kerber won the U.S. Open.\n",
        "caption": "United States' Serena Williams, right, holds her trophy after defeating her sister Venus, left, during the women's singles final at the Australian Open tennis championships in Melbourne, Australia, Jan. 28, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/9698084E-FCA8-45B2-8601-28B473309F26.jpg",
        "id": "4210_2",
        "answer": [
            "regain the top ranking"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Serena Williams"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_29_3697246",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_29_3697246_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the political ideology of the person in the right of the image?",
        "context": "Media: French Officials Had Secret Plan in Event of Le Pen Win\nA group of top French officials and ministers from President Francois Hollande's outgoing government drafted an emergency plan to manage the consequences of a win by Marine Le Pen in the recent presidential election and to weaken her, if she were elected, according to French media.\nThe secret plan, which was seen as a bid to protect France's Fifth Republic and to keep public order by the officials who drew it up, included delaying the handover of power from Hollande to Le Pen and keeping the outgoing president as head of state until after next month's parliamentary elections.\nThat way, Le Pen would not have been in a position to appoint her own prime minister. The officials were calculating her National Front party wouldn't secure a parliamentary majority, forcing Le Pen to accept a prime minister and Cabinet selected by opposition parties.\n\"It was like a multistage rocket,\" a senior official told L'Obs, a weekly news magazine. \"The philosophy, and the absolute imperative, was to keep the peace, while also respecting our constitutional rules,\" he added.\nThe plan, which at the very least would have skirted convention, did not have to be put into operation because centrist Emmanuel Macron pulled off a crushing victory, defeating Le Pen by a two-to-one margin.\nFILE - New French President Emmanuel Macron, right, smiles as outgoing President Francois Hollande waves during Macron's inauguration ceremony as French President, at the Elysee Palace in Paris, May 14, 2017.\nThe first goal in the mind of the plan's participants was freezing the political situation, according to officials who spoke with French newspapers, and preventing violent civil unrest. The second was to restrain Le Pen.\nIn the run-up to the elections, French media reported police and intelligence chiefs were alarmed at the prospect of the anti-immigrant and anti-EU Le Pen winning, and they worried France would be drawn into chaos with left-wing protesters refusing to accept the result. In April, Le Parisien, a daily newspaper, reported on a confidential memo drafted by intelligence chiefs saying every local public safety directorate was expressing concern about the consequences of Le Pen being elected.\nOfficials told L'Obs that under the overall plan to manage a Le Pen victory, parliament would have been recalled in emergency session. \"The country would have come to a halt and the government would have just one priority, assuring the security of the state,\" an official told the weekly magazine.\nFuture for party, Le Pen\nMeanwhile, Macron's decisive win over Le Pen has shattered National Front unity, with recriminations flying over the heavy defeat.\n\"Rarely in French political history had there been such a confluence of favorable conditions for the election of an extremist and populist candidate in a presidential race: a lingering EU migrant crisis, the soaring recurrence of actual and prevented terror attacks throughout the country, increasing segments of French society feeling disenfranchised, a growing voters' fatigue with worn-out manifestos by self-seeking traditional parties, and a stagnating national economy; all seemed essential ingredients for a majority vote in favor of Marine Le Pen,\" notes analyst Solon Ardittis of the Germany-based Institute of Labor Economics, an independent research institute.\nFILE - A person holds a mask of France's National Front (FN) defeated presidential candidate, Marine Le Pen, as people gather with French and European flags near the Eiffel Tower and a banner with the message, \"France tells Hate: Never Again \"\nParty critics of Le Pen agree with that assessment \u2014 and it is driving rifts within the National Front. Le Pen, who will contest a seat in next month's parliamentary elections in a mining town in northern France, insists her party still has an essential role to play in French politics and that she will remain at the head of it.\n\"We are, in reality, the only opposition movement. We will have an essential role to play [and] a role in the recomposing of political life,\" she told a French television channel on Thursday.\nOne of her nieces, 27-year-old Marion Marechal-Le Pen, a rising political star, and one of only two National Front lawmakers in the outgoing parliament, announced this week she's quitting politics. And Le Pen's deputy, Florian Philippot, is now forming his own \"patriotic\" movement.\nOpinion polls are now suggesting that the one-year-old party of France's newly elected Macron, the youngest leader of the country since Napoleon Bonaparte, is surging ahead of next month's parliamentary elections. A survey puts his La Republique en Marche party at 32 percent of the vote, 13 percent ahead of its nearest rival, Les Republicains.\nMacron's choice of Cabinet members \u2014 some prominent figures, others unknown but all drawn equally from the right and left of French politics \u2014 has also gone down well with the public, with a 61 percent approval rating.\nLe Pen's defeat has been greeted by many European liberals as a sign that the populist wave that's been washing across Europe has now run its course. Some analysts, however, say that the populists shouldn't be counted out yet. Macron's victory, argues Robert Skidelsky, a political economist at Britain's Warwick University, amounts to a win in one battle and not the end of the war. \"The idea that one in three French citizens would vote for the National Front's Le Pen was inconceivable only a few years ago,\" he said.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - New French President Emmanuel Macron, right, smiles as outgoing President Francois Hollande waves during Macron's inauguration ceremony as French President, at the Elysee Palace in Paris, May 14, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/FC827739-66B9-4024-AC06-70F9D61ACD7F.jpg",
        "id": "7403_2",
        "answer": [
            "centrist"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Emmanuel Macron"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_19_3861923",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_19_3861923_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What crime did the people in the image commit?",
        "context": "AP Exclusive: UN Child Sex Ring Left Victims, But No Arrests\nPORT-AU-PRINCE, HAITI \u2014\u00a0\nIn the ruins of a tropical hideaway where jetsetters once sipped rum under the Caribbean sun, the abandoned children tried to make a life for themselves. They begged and scavenged for food, but they never could scrape together enough to beat back the hunger, until the U.N. peacekeepers moved in a few blocks away.\nThe men who came from a far-away place and spoke a strange language offered the Haitian children cookies and other snacks. Sometimes they gave them a few dollars. But the price was high: The Sri Lankan peacekeepers wanted sex from girls and boys as young as 12.\n\"I did not even have breasts,\" said a girl, known as V01 - Victim No. 1. She told U.N. investigators that over the next three years, from ages 12 to 15, she had sex with nearly 50 peacekeepers, including a \"Commandant\" who gave her 75 cents. Sometimes she slept in U.N. trucks on the base next to the decaying resort, whose once-glamorous buildings were being overtaken by jungle.\nJustice for victims like V01 is rare. An Associated Press investigation of U.N. missions during the past 12 years found nearly 2,000 allegations of sexual abuse and exploitation by peacekeepers and other personnel around the world - signaling the crisis is much larger than previously known. More than 300 of the allegations involved children, the AP found, but only a fraction of the alleged perpetrators served jail time.\nLegally, the U.N. is in a bind. It has no jurisdiction over peacekeepers, leaving punishment to the countries that contribute the troops.\nThe AP interviewed alleged victims, current and former U.N. officials and investigators and sought answers from 23 countries on the number of peacekeepers who faced such allegations and, what if anything, was done to investigate. With rare exceptions, few states responded to repeated requests, while the names of those found guilty are kept confidential, making accountability impossible to determine.\nWithout agreement for widespread reform and accountability from the U.N.'s member states, solutions remain elusive.\nHere in Haiti, at least 134 Sri Lankan peacekeepers exploited nine children in a sex ring from 2004 to 2007, according to an internal U.N. report obtained by the AP. In the wake of the report, 114 peacekeepers were sent home. None was ever imprisoned.\nIn March, U.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres announced new measures to tackle sexual abuse and exploitation by U.N. peacekeepers and other personnel.\n\"Let us declare in one voice: We will not tolerate anyone committing or condoning sexual exploitation and abuse. We will not let anyone cover up these crimes with the U.N. flag,\" Guterres said.\nBut the proclamation had a depressingly familiar ring: More than a decade ago, the United Nations commissioned a report that promised to do much the same thing, yet most of the reforms never materialized.\nFor a full two years after those promises were made, the children in Haiti were passed around from soldier to soldier. And in the years since, peacekeepers have been accused of sexual abuse the world over.\nIn one particularly grim case in Haiti, a teenage boy said he was gang-raped in 2011 by Uruguayan peacekeepers who filmed the alleged assault on a cellphone. Dozens of Haitian women also say they were raped, and dozens more had what is euphemistically called \"survival sex\" in a country where most people live on less than $2.50 a day, the AP found.\nHaitian lawyer Mario Joseph has been trying to get compensation for victims of a deadly cholera strain linked to Nepalese peacekeepers that killed an estimated 10,000 people. Now, he is also trying to get child support for about a dozen Haitian women left pregnant by peacekeepers.\n\"Imagine if the U.N. was going to the United States and raping children and bringing cholera,'' Joseph said in Port-au-Prince. \"Human rights aren't just for rich white people.''\nU.S. Sen. Bob Corker agrees. The Tennessee Republican, who chairs the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, has been calling for reforms in the United Nations. He may well get them under President Donald Trump, whose administration has proposed a 31 percent reduction to the U.S. foreign aid and diplomacy budget. Corker and U.N. Ambassador Nikki Haley want a review of all missions.\nCorker recalled his disgust at hearing of the U.N. sexual abuse cases uncovered last year in Central African Republic.\n\"If I heard that a U.N. peacekeeping mission was coming near my home in Chattanooga,'' he told AP, \"I'd be on the first plane out of here to go back and protect my family.''\nphoto shows the remains of Habitation Leclerc in Port-au-Prince, Haiti. In the ruins, a group of abandoned children found shelter but were barely surviving.\nThe Habitation Leclerc resort was once well known throughout Port-au-Prince as a lush refuge amid the capital's grimy alleyways. During its heyday in the 1980s, celebrities like Mick Jagger and Jackie Onassis would perch by the pool or stroll past the property's Voodoo temple.\nBy 2004, the resort was a decrepit clutch of buildings, and several children, either orphaned or abandoned by their parents, were living in the ruins.\nIt was there that V01 met other victims, two girls referred to in the U.N. report as \"V02\" and \"V03\" and a young boy, \"V08.\" The boy initially supported them by occasionally bringing food from his aunt, but they were often hungry.\nThe peacekeepers had arrived that year as part of a new mission to help stabilize Haiti in the wake of President Jean-Bertrande Aristide's ouster. The Sri Lankans, numbering about 900 troops, landed in a historically unstable country in the grips of scattered violence and kidnappings - and a broken government ill-suited to confront the chaos.\nSome of the peacekeepers in the Sri Lankan contingent were based near the former resort.\nIn August 2007, the U.N. received complaints of \"suspicious interactions'' between Sri Lankan soldiers and Haitian children. U.N. investigators then interviewed nine victims, as well as witnesses, while the sex ring was still active.\nV02, who was 16 when the U.N. team interviewed her, told them she had sex with a Sri Lankan commander at least three times, describing him as overweight with a moustache and a gold ring on his middle finger. She said he often showed her a picture of his wife. The peacekeepers also taught her some Sinhalese so she could understand and express sexual innuendo; the children even talked to one another in Sinhalese when U.N. investigators were interviewing them.\nV03 identified 11 Sri Lankan troops through photographs, one of whom she said was a corporal with a \"distinctive\" bullet scar between his armpit and waist. V04, who was 14, said she had sex with the soldiers every day in exchange for money, cookies or juice.\nDuring her interview with investigators, another young victim, V07, received a phone call from a Sri Lankan peacekeeper. She explained that the soldiers would pass along her number to incoming contingent members, who would then call her for sex.\nThe boy, V08, said he had sex with more than 20 Sri Lankans. Most would remove their name tags before taking him to U.N. military trucks, where he gave them oral sex or was sodomized by them.\nAnother boy, V09, was 15 when his encounters began. Over the course of three years, he said he had sex with more than 100 Sri Lankan peacekeepers, averaging about four a day, investigators said.\nUnder Haitian law, having sex with someone under 18 is statutory rape. U.N. codes of conduct also prohibit exploitation.\n\"The sexual acts described by the nine victims are simply too many to be presented exhaustively in this report, especially since each claimed multiple sexual partners at various locations where the Sri Lankan contingents were deployed throughout Haiti over several years,\" the report said.\nInvestigators showed the children more than 1,000 photographs that included pictures of Sri Lankan troops and locations of where the children had sex with the soldiers.\n\"The evidence shows that from late 2004 to mid-October 2007, at least 134 military members of the current and previous Sri Lankan contingents sexually exploited and abused at least nine Haitian children,'' the report said.\nAfter the report was filed, 114 Sri Lanka peacekeepers were sent home, putting an end to the sex ring.\nBut the sexual exploitation visited upon Haiti's people didn't stop there.\nMartine Gestime 32, wipes her tears during an interview in Port-au-Prince, Haiti. Gestime said she was raped by a Brazilian peacekeeper in 2008 and became pregnant with her son, Ashford.\nJanila Jean said she was a 16-year-old virgin when a Brazilian peacekeeper lured her to a U.N. compound three years ago with a smear of peanut butter on bread, raped her at gunpoint and left her pregnant. She finds herself constantly in tears.\n\"Some days, I imagine strangling my daughter to death,\" she said in an interview under the shadow of banana palms near the former Jacmel base.\nWith her were three other women who said they also were raped by peacekeepers. One of them sat on her heels, scraping coconut from its shell and into a large cauldron of water and corn, the barest of meals for the women and their small children.\nAdm. Ademir Sobrinho of Brazil's armed forces said at a conference in London that his force had no such cases of rape, sexual abuse or sexual exploitation.\nBut like many, Jean didn't report the rape. Nearly a dozen women interviewed by the AP said they were too scared to report the crimes out of fear they would be blamed - or worse, would meet their victimizers again.\nThe AP found that some 150 allegations of abuse and exploitation by U.N. peacekeepers and other personnel were reported in Haiti alone between 2004 and 2016, out of the worldwide total of nearly 2,000.\nAlleged victimizers came from Bangladesh, Brazil, Jordan, Nigeria, Pakistan, Uruguay and Sri Lanka, according to U.N. data and interviews. More countries may have been involved, but the United Nations only started disclosing alleged perpetrators' nationalities after 2015.\nThe litany of abuses is long.\nIn July 2011, four Uruguayan peacekeepers and their commanding officer allegedly gang-raped a Haitian teenager. The men also filmed the alleged attack on their phones, which went viral on the internet. The men never faced trial in Haiti; four of the five were convicted in Uruguay of \"private violence,'' a lesser charge. Uruguayan officials said at the time that it was a prank gone wrong and that no rape occurred.\nThe following year, three Pakistanis attached to the U.N.'s police units in Haiti were allegedly involved in the rape of a mentally disabled 13-year-old in the northern city of Gonaives.\nU.N. investigators went to Haiti to investigate, but the Pakistanis abducted the boy to keep him from detailing the abuse that had gone on for more than a year, according to one of the investigators in the case, who spoke to the AP on condition of anonymity for fear of reprisals from the U.N.\nFinally, the men were tried in a Pakistani military tribunal in Haiti, and eventually sent back to Pakistan. In theory, the tribunal could have allowed for better access to witnesses, but it's unclear whether any were called. The Pakistani authorities also refused to allow the U.N. to observe the proceedings. In the end, one man was sent to prison for a year, according to Ariane Quentier, a spokeswoman for the Haiti mission.\nPakistan's military has refused several requests for comment on the case.\nU.N. data during the 12-year period reviewed by AP is incomplete and varies in levels of detail, particularly for cases before 2010. Hundreds of other cases were closed with little to no explanation. In its review, the AP analyzed data from annual reports as well as information from the Office of Internal Oversight Services.\nIn the wake of the child sex ring investigation, a team of Sri Lankans spent two weeks in Haiti in October 2007. They interviewed only 25 soldiers out of more than 900 in the country and concluded that just two Sri Lankan corporals and one private had sex with two \"young'' victims. Three soldiers denied sexual encounters but were suspected of lying, according to the U.N. investigation report.\nFor six months, the Sri Lankan army and the government declined to respond to AP's questions about the 2007 case. Instead, officials first dodged repeated queries, then gave vague assurances that the scandal represented an isolated incident. Last month, the Sri Lankan government acknowledged its military had conducted inquiries into just 18 soldiers it said were implicated, and that \"the UN Secretariat has acknowledged in writing, action taken by the Government, and informed that the Secretariat, as of 29 September 2014, considers the matter closed.''\nSome of the peacekeepers involved in the ring were still in the Sri Lankan military as of last year, Sri Lankan military officials say. The United Nations, meanwhile, continued to send Sri Lankan peacekeepers to Haiti and elsewhere despite corroborating the child sex ring.\nSri Lankan Defense Secretary Karunasena Hettiarachchi defended the troops, saying,\"`People are quite happy and comfortable with the peacekeepers.''\nJanila Jean, 18, carries her daughter as she walks to her friend's house before an interview in Jacmel, Haiti, Aug. 15, 2016.\nAbove a rusty bench at an abandoned bus stop in the village of Leogane hangs a sign that reads, \"Constructed by the 16th Sri Lanka Peacekeeping Battalion.\" It's one of the few physical reminders of the battalion's mission - and children fathered by U.N. personnel.\nMarie-Ange Haitis says she met a Sri Lankan commander in December 2006 and he soon began making nighttime visits to her house in Leogane.\n\"By January, we had had sex,'' she said. \"It wasn't rape, but it wasn't exactly consensual, either. I felt like I didn't have a choice.''\nShe said when she first realized that she was pregnant, the Haitian translator assigned to the Sri Lankans told her to have an abortion. Then, she said, U.N. officials accused her of lying. As she spoke, her daughter Samantha sat on her lap wearing an oversized pair of sunglasses with a missing lens.\nWhen she was interviewed in August, Haitis said she had been waiting nearly a decade for the U.N. to consider her paternity claim to help support her daughter.\nFinally, early this year, Sri Lankan and U.N. officials told AP that a onetime payment of $45,243 had been made for Haitis' daughter. The United Nations said Sri Lanka accepted the paternity claim without proof of DNA and the commander was dismissed from service.\nBut such payments are rare.\nU.N. officials said they were unable to find any members of the mission in Haiti who might have dealt with the victims in the sex-ring case and did not know what happened to the children. An Italian non-governmental organization, AVSI, said it helped the children by trying to find homes for them, providing them with counseling and helping reintegrate them into schools, but it also lost track of the children shortly after the country's devastating 2010 earthquake.\nAtul Khare, the U.N.'s head of peacekeeping and field support, acknowledged the scope of the problem and said the global agency must do more to help victims, including gathering accurate information and following up with troop-contributing countries.\nAn AP review of reports into conduct on U.N. field missions showed haphazard record-keeping. In a 2008 report, for example, 19 allegations were reported in Haiti, but the U.N. recorded only two incidents worldwide involving minors - a seeming contradiction to the U.N.'s own investigation report in late 2007 that detailed the child sex ring with at least nine child victims.\nSome Haitians wonder whether the U.N. has done more harm than good in a country that has endured tragedy after tragedy since it became the first black republic in 1804.\nU.N. personnel say they have contributed to the stability in the Caribbean nation over the years, saved lives during the 2010 earthquake's aftermath and prevented violence during periods of unrest. The mission, which currently has nearly 5,000 personnel and is expected to scale down by October, has also been credited with training police, providing security during elections and support to the judiciary.\n\"I would not say we have achieved everything we set out to do, but we are engaged in a process of continuous improvement that any harmful effect on the local populations could be minimized, if not completely eradicated,'' Khare said.\nMany here are not convinced.\n\"I'd like to see my attacker face to face and tell him how he has destroyed my life,'' said 21-year-old Melida Joseph, who said she was raped by one peacekeeper and narrowly escaped being gang-raped in Cite-Soleil, a seaside slum. Like others, she never reported the crime.\n\"They'll look at this as one big joke,\" she said. \"As far as the U.N. goes, they came here to protect us, but all they've brought is destruction.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A Brazilian U.N. peacekeeper opens a gate at the U.N. base in the Cite Soleil slum of Port-au-Prince, Haiti.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/757D52F3-B7A2-486E-AE18-4A85C2321EDF.jpg",
        "id": "4140_1",
        "answer": [
            "sexual abuse",
            "sexual abuse and exploitation"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "peacekeepers",
            " U.N. peacekeeper"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_12_3806784",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_12_3806784_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What became open on the device in the image?",
        "context": "Russian, French Astronauts Return From Space Station Stint\nCAPE CANAVERAL, FLORIDA \u2014\u00a0\nA Russian cosmonaut and a French astronaut returned to Earth on Friday aboard a Russian Soyuz capsule after six months at the International Space Station, while their U.S. crewmate remained on the orbiting laboratory for an extended stay, a NASA television broadcast showed.\nRussia's Oleg Novitskiy and Thomas Pesquet, with the European Space Agency, strapped themselves inside the spacecraft and left the station at 6:47 a.m. EDT (1047 GMT) as the complex sailed 250 miles (400 km) above Earth.\nThey made a parachute landing southwest of Dzhezkazgan, Kazakhstan, at 10:10 a.m. EDT (1410 GMT).\nOne seat aboard the capsule was empty as U.S. astronaut Peggy Whitson, who flew to the station with Novitskiy and Pesquet in November, will remain in orbit until September. She is filling a vacancy left after Russia scaled down its station crew size to two members from three.\n\"We of course are going to miss Oleg and Thomas. They are exceptional astronauts,\" an emotional Whitson said during a ceremony on Thursday, where she turned over command of the $100 billion station to Russian cosmonaut Fyodor Yurchikhin.\n\"Peggy is a legend,\" Pesquet said. \"We're a little bit sad to leave her behind, but we know she's in very, very capable hands.\"\nWhitson, Yurchikhin and astronaut Jack Fischer, also with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, will manage the station until a new crew launches in late July.\n\"That will be a little challenging,\" Whitson said during an interview with Reuters on Wednesday. \"I was up here on my previous two expeditions and it was only a three-person crew, but it was a much smaller station at that point in time.\"\n\"Still, I think it's quite doable,\" she said.\nWhitson, who is serving on the station for a third time, broke the U.S. record in April for cumulative time in space. By the time she returns to Earth in September, she will have accumulated more than 660 days in orbit.\nRussian cosmonaut Gennady Padalka, with 878 days in orbit, is the world's most experienced space flier.\n",
        "caption": "Ground personnel help International Space Station (ISS) crew member Thomas Pesquet of France to get out of a capsule after landing in a remote area outside the town of Dzhezkazgan (Zhezkazgan), Kazakhstan, June 2, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/9BBD94D9-E2D6-4591-A2DD-78FBCABC2E7C.jpg",
        "id": "29397_1",
        "answer": [
            "One seat"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "capsule"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_02_3884762",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_02_3884762_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person on the right of the image do?",
        "context": "Politics Pierces Nostalgia at Rock Hall of Fame Induction\nNEW YORK \u2014\u00a0\nLate rapper Tupac Shakur and 1960s protest singer Joan Baez were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame on Friday on a night where nostalgia was mixed with calls to political action.\nFormer Journey frontman Steve Perry reunited on stage with his \"Don't Stop Believin'\" bandmates for the first time in 25 years to screams and hugs of joy, while Roy Wood of Electric Light Orchestra turned up for the New York ceremony 45 years after leaving the English band.\nBut one of the strongest moments came from Baez, 76, who linked her lifelong record of social activism and non-violence with a rallying call for resistance today.\n\u201cLet us together repeal and replace brutality and make compassion a priority. Let us build a great bridge, a beautiful bridge, to welcome the tired and the poor,\u201d Baez told the Hall of Fame audience.\nA comeback for Baez?\nBaez then played an acoustic version of the traditional spiritual \u201cSwing Low, Sweet Chariot,\u201d and ended with the hope that the song's band of angels were \u201ccoming for to carry me, you, us, even Donald Trump, home.\u201d\nBaez enjoyed a new round of fame this week with a protest song called \u201cNasty Man\u201d about U.S. President Donald Trump.\nIt was her first songwriting effort in 25 years and has been viewed some 3.3 million times since it was posted on her Facebook page on Tuesday.\nSnoop Dogg, who inducted the late rapper Tupac Shakur, poses in the 2017 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame induction ceremony press room, April 7, 2017.\nShakur is sixth rapper to be inducted\nEmotions ran high for the induction of Shakur, the Harlem-born rapper who was gunned down at age 25 in a 1996 drive-by shooting in Las Vegas that has never been resolved.\nShakur, whose songs about social and racial injustice still resonate today, was only the 6th rap act to be inducted in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in its 30-year history.\nFellow rapper Snoop Dogg recalled he and Shakur in the early 1990s as \u201ctwo black boys struggling to become men.\u201d\n\u201cTupac's a part of history for a reason \u2014 because he made history. He's hip hop history. He's American history,\u201d Snoop said.\n\u201cTupac, we love you. You will always be right with us. They can't take this away from you homie,\u201d he said, accepting the statuette on Shakur's behalf.\nBritish progressive rock group Yes, and Seattle-based grunge band Pearl Jam were also among the 2017 inductees, who were chosen by more than 900 voters drawn from the music industry.\nInductees Neal Schon, left, and Steve Perry from the band Journey embrace at the 2017 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame induction ceremony.\nChuck Berry, Prince also honored \nDisco producer Nile Rodgers, the man behind 1970s hits like \u201cLe Freak\u201d and \u201cWe Are Family,\u201d was presented with a special award for musical excellence.\nArtists are eligible for induction 25 years after the release of their first recording.\nTributes were also paid on Friday to Chuck Berry, who died last month at age 90 and who was the first person ever to be inducted in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1986, and Prince, who died of an accidental painkiller overdose in April 2016.\nThe 2017 induction ceremony will be broadcast on cable channel HBO on April 29.\nInductee Eddie Vedder from the band Pearl Jam performs at the 2017 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame induction ceremony.\n",
        "caption": "Inductees Neal Schon, left, and Steve Perry from the band Journey embrace at the 2017 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame induction ceremony.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B47E3289-BF9D-47BE-8366-65D5C2F5D3F0.jpg",
        "id": "20084_3",
        "answer": [
            "reunited on stage with his \"Don't Stop Believin'\" bandmates for the first time in 25 years",
            "None",
            "reunited on stage with his \"Don't Stop Believin'\" bandmates"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Steve Perry"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_07_3801412",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_07_3801412_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "How many people are doing what the people in the image are?",
        "context": "Pakistan Takes Unilateral Steps Toward Afghan Border Security\nISLAMABAD \u2014\u00a0\nPakistan says it finds it necessary to build a fence along its long porous border with Afghanistan, in part because of a lack of cooperation from authorities in Kabul. The border region has long been a source of instability, with militant groups, terrorists and smugglers using the remote, mountainous terrain as cover.\nPakistan says it is now moving forward unilaterally to improve security in the region, and increase the monitoring of millions of Afghan refugees living in Pakistan.\nAfghanistan opposes the border fencing plans because it disputes the demarcation of the border, which was set by the former British rulers of the Indian subcontinent. Afghan leaders also accuse Pakistan\u2019s military and its ISI spy agency of helping Taliban insurgents and their dreaded Haqqani network ally sustain the insurgency in Afghanistan. The allegations have long strained bilateral relations and Islamabad\u2019s border fencing project has fueled tensions.\n\u2018No option\u2019\nSpeaking at an international conference in Islamabad this week, army spokesman Major-General Asif Ghafoor said that the military has deployed over 200,000 troops along the border and established nearly 1,000 posts while Afghans have maintained just over 200 outposts.\nThis has left a large portion of the nearly 2,600-kilometer border unguarded, making it impossible to control illegal cross-border movement, he complained.\n\u201cSo, under compulsion we had no option but to go for unilateral border management. So, what we have done is that we have started to construct new border posts and new forts along the border. On the average, every 1.5 kilometer will have either a border post or the fort where our troops will be there,\u201d the general explained.\nIslamabad dismisses traditional Afghan objections to the international frontier between the two countries. Officials also deny Pakistan is supporting Afghan insurgents, saying the charges are an attempt by the Kabul government to divert attention from their internal political and security challenges.\nGhafoor said \u201cAs long as Afghanistan looks towards Pakistan through the lens of anti-Pakistan forces, the region will never be stable. The day Afghanistan looks towards Pakistan from the lens of their own national interest, it will be stable.\"\nPakistan also accuses rival India of using growing influence within Afghan security institutions to destabilize Kabul\u2019s ties with Islamabad, accusations Afghan and Indian officials deny.\nRefugee population\nGhafoor said that presence of 2.7-million Afghan refugees in the country, an estimated 44 percent of them undocumented, is another prime driver of blame game between the two countries and a security challenge for Pakistan.\nFILE - Afghan refugees living in Pakistan wait to get their documents to travel back to Afghanistan, at the UNHCR's Repatriation Center, in Peshawar, Pakistan, Sept. 7, 2016.\nFor long the displaced population, particularly unregistered Afghans, have lived in Pakistan with no checks on their movement, encouraging militants to exploit the situation, he said. But a recently concluded national census has now enabled authorities to identify every Afghan citizen living in the country, disclosed the general.\n\u201cWe desire an early, smooth, honorable and socio-economically gainful and possibly irreversible repatriation of all Afghan refugees,\u201d Ghafoor reiterated.\nIncreased monitoring of the refugee population coupled with border restrictions and raise in financial assistance by UNHCR for voluntary repatriation in 2016 prompted more than 750,000 Afghans to return to their homeland amid allegations of forced evictions and harassment by Pakistani authorities, according to officials in Kabul.\nBut the Afghan government faced challenges in handling the returnees and reintegrating them in the society, along with increased insecurity in most parts of Afghanistan. A reduction in financial assistance for the voluntary repatriation has led to a significant decline in the number of returning families this year. As of early July fewer than 40,000 refugees have returned to Afghanistan, according to UNHCR.\n\u201cThe development investments in the high-return communities and areas in Afghanistan have not been commensurate to the demands and the needs,\u201d said Indrika Ratwatte, UNHCR chief in Pakistan, while addressing the conference.\n'Slow process'\nAfghanistan\u2019s ambassador to Islamabad, Hazrat Omar Zakhilwal, says that despite its limitations, Kabul is doing all it can to absorb returnees and dismisses assertions the refugees are a source of terrorism in the host country.\n\u201cIn this year [repatriation] is a slow process, particularly because the pool of refugees has certainly shrunk but at the same time of course the security situation is worse than it was a year ago,\u201d Zakhilwal told the conference organized by National University of Science and Technology (NUST).\n\u201cBut about those who have returned I am very glad to say that you will find very few refugees who regret their decision to have returned to their country,\u201d Zakhilwal asserted. The Afghan envoy also disagreed with official Pakistani assertions that the refugee population is a cause of insecurity for the host country.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Afghan refugees living in Pakistan wait to get their documents to travel back to Afghanistan, at the UNHCR's Repatriation Center, in Peshawar, Pakistan, Sept. 7, 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/856E5272-2115-4D4C-93D5-771374EF1419.jpg",
        "id": "31749_2",
        "answer": [
            "fewer than 40,000 "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "refugees"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_15_3945432",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_15_3945432_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What things do the people in the image combat?",
        "context": "Brazil Says Its Zika Emergency Over\nSAO PAULO, BRAZIL \u2014\u00a0\nBrazil declared an end to its public health emergency for the Zika virus on Thursday, 18 months after a surge in cases drew headlines around the world.\nThe mosquito-borne virus wasn't considered a major health threat until the 2015 outbreak revealed that Zika can lead to severe birth defects. One of those defects, microcephaly, causes babies to be born with skulls much smaller than expected.\nPhotos of babies with the defect spread panic around the Western Hemisphere and around the globe, as the virus was reported in dozens of countries. Many would-be travelers canceled their trips to Zika-infected places.\nThe Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and others recommended that women who were pregnant shouldn't travel to affected areas. The concern spread even more widely when health officials said it could also be transmitted through sexual contact with an infected person.\nThe health scare came just as Brazil, the epicenter of the outbreak, was preparing to host the 2016 Olympics, fueling concerns the Games could help spread the virus. One athlete, a Spanish wind surfer, said she got Zika while training in Brazil ahead of the Games.\nIn response to the outbreak, Brazil launched a mosquito-eradication campaign. The Health Ministry said those efforts have helped to dramatically reduce cases of Zika. From January through mid-April, the Health Ministry recorded 95 percent fewer cases than during the same period last year. The incidence of microcephaly has fallen as well.\nThe World Health Organization lifted its own international emergency in November, even while saying the virus remained a threat.\n\"The end of the emergency doesn't mean the end of surveillance or assistance'' to affected families, said Adeilson Cavalcante, the secretary for health surveillance at Brazil's Health Ministry. \"The Health Ministry and other organizations involved in this area will maintain a policy of fighting Zika, dengue and chikungunya.''\nAll three diseases are carried by the Aedes aegypti mosquito.\nBut the WHO has warned that Zika is \"here to stay,'' even when cases of it fall off, and that fighting the disease will be an ongoing battle.\nAdriana Melo, the Brazilian doctor who first linked Zika to birth defects, said the lifting of the emergency was expected following the decline in cases.\n\"The important thing now is that we don't forget the victims,'' said Melo.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A health worker stands in the Sambadrome spraying insecticide to combat the Aedes aegypti mosquito that transmits the Zika virus in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Jan. 26, 2016. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B4E01DA0-E1FD-4C78-A836-3196A8652686.jpg",
        "id": "1780_1",
        "answer": [
            "Zika, dengue and chikungunya"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Health"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_11_3848387",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_11_3848387_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person with the grey tie in the image going to do?",
        "context": "US has Told Russia to De-escalate Ukraine Eastern Violence\nSTATE DEPARTMENT \u2014\u00a0\nDuring his first official visit to Kyiv Sunday, Secretary of State Rex Tillerson said that the U.S. has told Russia it must take the first steps to de-escalate violence in Eastern Ukraine.\n\u201cI\u2019ve been very clear in my discussions with Russian leadership on more than one occasion, that it is necessary for Russia to take the first steps to de-escalate the situation in the east part of Ukraine, in particular by respecting the cease-fire by pulling back the heavy weapons and allowing the OSCE observers to carry out their responsibilities,\" Tillerson said, speaking alongside Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko after the two met to discuss ways to help end the conflict in eastern Ukraine and support its ongoing reform efforts. \n\u201cAs long as the parties commit themselves to these goals I\u2019m confident we can make progress,\" Tillerson said, referring to the Minsk agreements - a cease-fire deal that Moscow and Kyiv agreed to in 2015.\nUkraine negotiations\nTillerson has named former U.S. Ambassador to NATO Kurt Volker to serve as Special Representative for Ukraine Negotiations.\nVolker, who was traveling with Tillerson to Ukraine, will also engage regularly with all parties handling the Ukraine negotiations under the so-called Normandy Format \u2014 Germany, France, Russia and Ukraine.\nIn an interview with VOA\u2019s Ukraine service recently, Volker laid out his vision on Ukraine: \u201cWe need to have Ukraine, which is a sustainable, resilient, prosperous, strong democracy, so that it would be attractive to the regions in the East, and [be the place]where disinformation and propaganda attacks don\u2019t really have much traction.\u201d\nAlthough Tillerson is seeking to rebuild trust with the Russians, Washington dismissed speculation that it will cut a deal with Moscow over Kyiv.\n\u201cThere certainly is no intent or desire to work exclusively with Russia,\u201d a senior State Department official said earlier this week. \"This is a multiparty issue, resolving the conflict in eastern Ukraine. \u201c\nState Department spokeswoman Heather Nauert said the U.S. would not be backing away from concerns of Russia\u2019s support of rebels in eastern Ukraine.\n\u201cWe believe that the so-called rebels are Russian-backed, Russian-financed, and are responsible for the deaths of Ukrainians,\u201d Nauert said Thursday in a briefing. \"We continue to call upon the Russians and the Ukrainians to come together.\u201d\nMake clear support for sovereignty\nFormer U.S. Ambassador to Ukraine John Herbst told VOA on Friday that Tillerson should make it clear of \u201cU.S. strong support for Ukraine sovereignty and territorial integrity, U.S. recognition that Russia is conducting a war in Ukraine, and U.S. willingness to provide necessary support.\u201d\nHerbst said he expects Poroshenko to bring up the massive Russian cyberattack against Ukraine during Sunday\u2019s meeting with Tillerson, and the U.S. \u201chas a great deal to learn\u201d for what Ukraine has done to counteract these Russia attacks.\n\u201cI suspect we will see more cooperation in the future,\u201d Herbst added.\nTillerson had told U.S. lawmakers that the United States should not be \"handcuffed\" to the 2015 Minsk agreement in case the parties decide to reach their goals through a different deal. \nSenior officials later clarified that Washington would \u201cnot exclude looking at other options\u201d as the U.S. is still fully supportive of the Minsk agreements.\n\u201cThe Minsk agreements are the existing framework,\u201d a senior State Department official said. \"There is no better option out there.\u201d\nThe so-called Minsk II agreement is a package of measures to alleviate the ongoing conflicts, including a cease-fire, between Moscow-backed rebels and government forces in eastern Ukraine. It was agreed to by Ukraine, Russia and separatists in February of 2015.\n",
        "caption": "Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko, left, and U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson shakes hands before a meeting in Kyiv, Sunday, July 9, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F67E66A6-9506-489D-810F-28EBACCE380F.jpg",
        "id": "18343_1",
        "answer": [
            "help end the conflict in eastern Ukraine and support its ongoing reform efforts",
            "bring up the massive Russian cyberattack against Ukraine during Sunday\u2019s meeting with Tillerson",
            "bring up the massive Russian cyberattack against Ukraine"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Poroshenko",
            "Petro Poroshenko"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_09_3934541",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_09_3934541_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What event were the decorations in the image in response to?",
        "context": "'Free Speech,' 'No Nazi' Counter Rallies Fill Downtown Portland\nHundreds of protesters gathered Sunday in the northwestern U.S. city of Portland, Oregon, for rallies for and against President Donald Trump, which included some clashes with police and arrests.\nThe \"Trump Free Speech\" rally took place on a federally administered site, and drew counter-protests across the street, including one named \"No Nazis On Our Streets.\"\nPortland Mayor Ted Wheeler had asked the federal government to revoke the permits for the pro-Trump rally. He had also reached out to the organizers and personally asked them to cancel it in light of a recent stabbing attack on a Portland train. In that attack, a man shouting anti-Muslim insults at two teenage girls was confronted by other riders, and he responded by stabbing three of them, two of whom died.\n\"I urge them to ask their supporters to stay away from Portland,\" Wheeler wrote in a Facebook post earlier this week. \"There is never a place for bigotry or hatred in our community, and especially not now.\"\nFlowers and memorial writings at the No Nazis rally in Portland. (R. Taylor/VOA)\nThe rally went ahead, with people there saying they were defending their rights.\n\"It's OK to be a conservative in Portland,\" organizer Joey Gibson said.\nWith the people at dueling rallies near City Hall chanting slogans and waving flags and signs, police in riot gear blocked crosswalks and lined a number of downtown parks.\nLate in the day, police used flash grenades and pepper balls to disperse a group of protesters, after saying the group was throwing objects at officers.\n Witnesses told VOA that tear gas had been fired by police, but that they had seen no further escalation. They did not know why the tear gas had been used.\n\"I'm honestly terrified of violence,\" Lauren Cary, a Portland resident attending the \"No Nazis on Our Streets\" rally told VOA. \"There have been talks of the oathbreakers and other militia groups showing up.\"\n\"But I also think it's important to say 'get the hell out' of my city to Nazi scum,\" she added.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;This guy is trolling Portland%27s police hard. \\\"You guys are very good looking. I hope you%27re having a nice day,\\\" he said in the softest voice \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://t.co/fgebI6FbDW\\\"\\u0026gt;pic.twitter.com/fgebI6FbDW\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Ram\u00f3n Taylor (@ramonctaylor) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/ramonctaylor/status/871514516281974784\\\"\\u0026gt;June 4, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nPortland Police said a total of 14 people were arrested Sunday, and that officers seized a number of weapons, including knives, bricks and sticks.\nNo \u2018place for bigotry or hatred\u2019\nA number of small altercations took place between the opposing demonstrations, the majority of them verbal assaults, according to The Oregonian.\nPortland Mayor Ted Wheeler had asked the federal government to revoke permits for the \"Trump Free Speech Rally,\" which is taking place in a park under federal jurisdiction. Wheeler said he also reached out to the organizers of the rally and personally asked them to cancel it, particularly in light of the recent tragedy.\n\u201cI urge them to ask their supporters to stay away from Portland,\u201d Wheeler wrote in a Facebook post earlier this week. \u201cThere is never a place for bigotry or hatred in our community, and especially not now.\u201d\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;Signage from \\\"Portland Stands United Against Hate\\\" rally. On the other side, Pepe the Frog references and tons of MAGA hats. \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://t.co/eqtt8qFJtr\\\"\\u0026gt;pic.twitter.com/eqtt8qFJtr\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Ram\u00f3n Taylor (@ramonctaylor) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/ramonctaylor/status/871502884491247616\\\"\\u0026gt;June 4, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nThe rally did not heed the mayor's calls.\nOn May 26, a man on a train in Portland targeted two teenagers with an anti-Muslim rant, then killed two people and wounded another who confronted him.\nPortland Police have said one of the two young women on the train was wearing a hijab, and that the attacker ranted on many topics using \"hate speech or biased language.\"\n",
        "caption": "Flowers and memorial writings at the No Nazis rally in Portland. (R. Taylor/VOA)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D8C02003-AD6A-412A-AF77-1C917657CC62.jpg",
        "id": "4593_1",
        "answer": [
            "'Free Speech,' 'No Nazi' Counter Rallies",
            "The \"Trump Free Speech\" rally"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Flowers and memorial writings",
            "rally"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_04_3886594",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_04_3886594_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the nation of the person on the TV trying to do?",
        "context": "North Korea\u2019s Nuclear Threat Seen as Attention-grabbing Stunt\nWhile North Korea\u2019s recent claim of an imminent intercontinental ballistic missile test is spreading alarm globally, U.S. experts see it as a bid for attention and a gambit to intimidate the incoming U.S. administration.\nOn Sunday, the North\u2019s state-run news agency, KCNA, reported that the country can fire off an ICBM \u201canytime and anywhere,\u201d reiterating the position that the communist state is bolstering nuclear arms capabilities for \u201cself-defense\u201d against the U.S. \nThe announcement was met with sharp criticism from the U.S. State Department, which said the U.S. military retains substantial capability to defend the U.S. and its allies, and it is \u201cprepared to use that capability when necessary.\u201d\n\u201cI think it\u2019s just a statement of fact that we can launch it anytime rather than a threat of imminent activity,\u201d said Bruce Klinger, senior research fellow for Northeast Asia at The Heritage Foundation\u2019s Asia Studies Center.\nPressure against Trump\nKlinger, who spent almost two decades in the U.S. intelligence community, said the latest saber rattling from Pyongyang appears to be an attempt to push President-elect Donald Trump and his national security team, whose policy toward North Korea still remains under wraps, to comply with its own terms.\nA man in South Korea watches a TV news program showing a missile launch conducted by North Korea, Oct. 20, 2016. The U.S. military says called the event a 'failed' North Korean missile launch.\nPyongyang has long urged Washington to accept the country as a nuclear state, abandon the strategic alliance with South Korea, and pull U.S. troops out of the Western Pacific region.\n\u201cThey are trying to influence the incoming administration just like they\u2019ve tried to influence the past several administrations,\u201d Klinger said. \u201cIt\u2019s the same game plan that Pyongyang has been pursuing for quite some time.\u201d\nBruce Bennett, senior defense analyst with the RAND Corporation, said the regime\u2019s intention is not only to grab the media\u2019s attention, but also to appeal to Trump that North Korea is a current threat that needs to be ranked at the top of the U.S. security agenda.\n\u201cHe [Kim] also wants the American people to know he\u2019s very strong and he poses a threat potentially, even though he hasn\u2019t demonstrated he can yet,\u201d Bennett said. \u201cHe wants to create that image so that we treat him as someone who\u2019s important.\u201d\nDespite North Korea\u2019s claimed ICBM capability, it is unclear where Pyongyang stands on the ability.\nCapability unknown\nThe U.S. State Department said last week the North has yet to acquire the ability to outfit an intercontinental ballistic missile with a nuclear warhead. In an email sent to VOA this week, Justin Higgins, State Department EAP Press Office Director, stressed that the U.S. is determined to improve its missile defense capability.\nRobert Manning, senior fellow at the Atlantic Council\u2019s Brent Scowcroft Center on International Security, is doubtful that Pyongyang can pull off a successful ICBM test at the moment.\n\u201cGetting an ICBM to work, getting re-entry vehicle to land and hit a target with a nuclear warhead on it is a very difficult idea, and in order to achieve that you have to do a lot of testing,\u201d said Manning. He added that it will take North Korea at least four or five years to acquire the capability.\nAmbassador Joseph DeTrani, former U.S. special envoy for negotiations with North Korea, however, warned the North Korean threat is impending.\n\u201cThey are talking about test-launching an ICBM, which is a real possibility in 2017,\u201d DeTrani said. \u201cIt\u2019s a threat to the region and to the United States also, given the fact that it could deliver a nuclear weapon.\u201d\nIncreased sanctions\nRecently, the U.S. has been upping pressure on the North in coordination with South Korea and Japan, in hopes of disarming the regime and bringing it back to negotiations.\n\u201c[We] sent a very clear message that the international community will not tolerate a nuclear North Korea and that the Kim regime will face ever-increasing consequences for its callous and reckless nuclear and missile pursuits,\u201d said Deputy Secretary of State Antony Blinken at deputy-level trilateral talks with Seoul and Tokyo last week. The statement was made in reference to the latest U.N. resolution adopted last November.\nOn Tuesday, the State Department said Washington is still hoping the six-party talks, multi-state nuclear talks that have been stalled since late 2008, are \u201ca mechanism that could potentially bring\u201d Pyongyang back into discussions about its nuclear weapons program.\nLee Jee-eun contributed to this report, which was produced in collaboration with VOA's Korean Service.\n",
        "caption": "People walk past a television news broadcast at a railway station in Seoul on Jan. 1, 2017, showing North Korean leader Kim Jong-Un's New Year's speech.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/274C1ED2-93B6-41B6-A7C2-0D9273041331.jpg",
        "id": "6466_1",
        "answer": [
            "to appeal to Trump that North Korea is a current threat that needs to be ranked at the top of the U.S. security agenda.",
            "an imminent intercontinental ballistic missile test"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "North Korea"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_11_3672439",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_11_3672439_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the nation of the person on the left of the image do?",
        "context": "Moldova Bars Officials From Visiting Russia Citing \u2018Abuse' Campaign\nCHISINAU \u2014\u00a0\nMoldova said on Thursday it would bar its officials from visiting Russia because they were being subjected to \"humiliating\" abuse and harassment by some members of Moscow's security apparatus.\nThe government of the small ex-Soviet republic said in a statement it believed the abuse was revenge for an investigation of what it said was a $22 billion scheme to launder Russian money through Moldova's financial system.\nThe spat has erupted at a delicate time, as Moldova's newly-elected president is looking to pull his country closer to Moscow while its staunchly pro-Western government seeks closer ties with and eventual membership of the European Union.\nA reaction to treatment from Russia\nMoldovan lawmakers, government officials and intelligence services \"are being abusively stopped on entry to the Russian Federation, interrogated and treated in a humiliating manner by representatives of a Russian special/intelligence service,\" the government statement said.\nRussia's security services and foreign ministry did not immediately respond to a request for comment on Moldova's accusations.\n\u201cUntil a solution is found to this issue, Moldovan officials are asked to abstain from visits to the Russian Federation,\u201d the Moldovan statement said.\nAuthorities in Chisinau say Russian money has been laundered through a Moldovan bank with the collusion of Moldovan judges and some central bank officials. Fourteen judges and a prominent Moldovan businessman have been arrested.\nPresident denounces move\nMoldova, Europe's poorest country, borders EU member Romania, with which it has close linguistic and cultural ties, but remains heavily reliant on Russian energy supplies.\nRelations with Moscow soured after Moldova signed a political and trade pact with the EU in 2014, prompting Russia to slap a retaliatory ban on Moldovan produce.\nPresident Igor Dodon, who travels to Russia next week, denounced the move on Thursday to stop Moldovan officials from traveling as \u201cabnormal\u201d and said it would hurt efforts to build better relations with Moscow.\nRequests ignored\nIn its statement, the government said one Moldovan interior ministry official had been stopped 35 times while entering and exiting Russian territory at a Moscow airport.\nIt also accused Russian security officials of spreading false information about high-ranking Moldovans as a ruse to get them put onto international watch lists.\nThe Moldovan government said the Russian authorities had refused to co-operate with its money-laundering investigation and had ignored official requests for help.\n",
        "caption": "Russian President Vladimir Putin, right, shakes hands with his Moldovan counterpart Igor Dodon during a meeting at the Kremlin in Moscow, Jan. 17, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/FBDBC01D-F1D3-48D4-9F21-8ABABFDE7E1D.jpg",
        "id": "10779_1",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "bar its officials from visiting Russia"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Igor Dodon",
            "Moldova"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_09_3757606",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_09_3757606_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person with the red tie in the image praise the other for being?",
        "context": "Trump Names Army Strategist McMaster as National Security Adviser\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. President Donald Trump named a new national security adviser Monday, picking Army Lieutenant General H.R. McMaster, a military strategist who has spent his entire career in the U.S. armed forces.\nTrump called the 54-year-old McMaster \"a man of tremendous talent and tremendous experience.\"\nThe president, making the announcement from his Florida retreat Mar-a-Lago along the Atlantic Ocean, said that retired Army Lieutenant General Keith Kellogg, who had been his acting adviser, will now serve as chief of staff of the National Security Council.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-partner=\\\"tweetdeck\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;Just named General H.R. McMaster National Security Advisor.\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/833783438922629125\\\"\\u0026gt;February 20, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nMcMaster is currently director of the Army's Capabilities Integration Center, an Army agency tasked with integrating \"war-fighting capabilities into the force\" and with other government agencies. Trump selected him over at least three other contenders, including Kellogg.\nRetired Army Lt. Gen. Keith Kellogg listens as Trump announces that Army Lt. Gen. H.R. McMaster will be the new national security adviser. Kellogg, who had been his acting adviser, will now serve as chief of staff of the National Security Council.\nA much-decorated soldier \nMcMaster will replace Michael Flynn, the retired Army general Trump fired a week ago after just 24 days on the job at the start of Trump's assumption of power in Washington. The new president said last week it was unacceptable to him that Flynn lied to Vice President Mike Pence about contacts he had with the Russian ambassador to Washington in the weeks before Trump was inaugurated a month ago. \nMcMaster is a much-decorated soldier, winning a Silver Star early in his Army career leading U.S. troops in their destruction of 80 Iraqi Republican Guard tanks without U.S. losses in a battle against Saddam Hussein's forces during their 1991 invasion of Kuwait. McMaster has held numerous key Army postings over the last 25 years.\nThree years ago, Time magazine put him on its list of the 100 most influential people in the world, calling him \"the architect of the future U.S. Army.\"\nThe immediate reaction from members of Congress was positive.\nSen. John McCain, who has occasionally voiced concerns about Trump's administration, especially over foreign policy and security issues, said McMaster is \"an outstanding choice for national security adviser,\" and called him \"a man of genuine intellect, character and ability.\"\nFellow Republicans Sen. Tom Cotton and Rep. Adam Kinzinger also heaped praise on McMaster, with Cotton tweeting the general is \"one of the finest combat leaders of our generation.\"\nRep. Adam Schiff, a frequent Trump critic, tweeted that McMaster is a \"solid choice, bright & strategic. Wrote the book on importance of standing up to POTUS [president of the U.S.]. May need to show same independence here.\"\nFILE - Mike Flynn arrives for a news conference in the East Room of the White House in Washington, Feb. 13, 2017.\nPence 'disappointed' by Flynn\nPence said Monday he was \"disappointed\" to learn that Flynn had misled him about his contacts with the Russian ambassador, stressing that he supported Trump's decision to fire him.\nPence, during a news conference at NATO headquarters in Brussels, said, \"It was the proper decision, it was handled properly and in a timely way.\"\nTrump's chief of staff said Sunday that the person selected to be the next national security adviser \u2014 McMaster, as it turns out \u2014 will have full authority over staffing decisions for the National Security Council.\nThat issue over control was reportedly one reason former Navy admiral Robert Harward turned down the job last week.\n\"The president has said very clearly that the new director will have total and complete say over the makeup of the NSC and all of the components of the NSC,\" White House chief of staff Reince Priebus said on Fox News Sunday. Harward was Trump's first choice to replace Flynn.\nFILE - Former Defense Secretary Leon Panetta, speaks during the third day of the Democratic National Convention in Philadelphia, July 27, 2016.\nPanetta voices his concerns\nFormer U.S. Defense Secretary Leon Panetta told NBC's Meet the Press on Sunday the turmoil surrounding the key position has made U.S. national security operations \"dysfunctional.\"\n\"What happens if there's a major crisis that faces this country?\" Panetta said. \"If Russia engages in a provocation, if Iran does something stupid, if North Korea does something stupid and we have to respond, where is the structure to be able to evaluate that threat, consider it, and provide options to the president?\n\"Right now, that's dysfunctional, and that's what worries me a great deal,\" said Panetta, who also once served as director of the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency.\nWATCH: Pence on Flynn \nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nPence: 'Disappointed' in General Flynn\nShare this video\n0:01:01\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:01\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 2.1MB\n360p | 2.6MB\n480p | 15.7MB\n",
        "caption": "President Donald Trump, right, speaks as Army Lt. Gen. H.R. McMaster, left, listens at Trump's Mar-a-Lago estate in Palm Beach, Fla., Feb. 20, 2017, where Trump announced that McMaster will be the new national security adviser.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/86403468-F01F-4F37-83E8-26A14EB14714.jpg",
        "id": "29553_1_2",
        "answer": [
            "\"a man of tremendous talent and tremendous experience.\""
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_20_3732197",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_20_3732197_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the man in the image want?",
        "context": "UN Records 54% Rise in War-Related Deaths of Afghan Women\nISLAMABAD \u2014\u00a0\nThe United Nations says that it has documented a staggering 54 percent increase in Afghan conflict-related deaths of women and a 17 percent rise in child fatalities during the first quarter of 2017 compared to the same period last year.\nU.N. Assistance Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA), which released the data on Thursday for overall civilian casualties, said that it was extremely concerned over the increases in both child and civilian women casualties.\nThe report documented a total of 715 civilian deaths since the start of the year, which included 88 women and 210 children. The hostilities injured or maimed 1,466 civilians, including 185 women and 525 children.\n\u201cWith the so-called fighting season imminent, I appeal to all parties to take every measure possible to prevent unnecessary and unacceptable harm to Afghan civilians,\u201d said UNAMA chief, Tadamichi Yamamoto.\nUNAMA said children comprised 34 percent of all civilian casualties during the first quarter.\n\u201cThese numbers represent the lives of 735 girls, boys and infants - 735 stories of death, maiming, physical pain, emotional trauma and grief,\u201d said Danielle Bell, UNAMA\u2019s Human Rights Director.\nShe also called on Afghanistan\u2019s warring sides to ensure protection of children in 2017, saying the increase in child casualties reflected their failure to take adequate precautions to protect civilians.\nUNAMA blamed ground fighting for being the leading cause of civilian casualties, accounting for 35 percent of all civilian casualties, followed by improvised explosive devices as well as suicide and complex attacks.\nThe province of Kabul had the highest number of civilian casualties \u201cdue to suicide and complex attacks\u201d in the the Kabul city, followed by Helmand, Kandahar, Nangarhar and Uruzgan, the report noted.\nIt blamed Taliban-led anti-government elements for causing 62 percent of civilian casualties during the first quarter of 2017, showing a five percent increase compared to the same period last year. \nUNAMA attributed 21 percent of civilian casualties to Afghan government forces, a decrease of two percent compared to the same period in 2016. But it recorded a substantial increase in civilian casualties from aerial operations.\n\u201cThe mission documented 148 civilian casualties (72 dead and 76 injured) from aerial operations, a disturbing increase compared to 29 civilian casualties (eight dead and 21 injured) in the first quarter of 2016,\u201d the report said.\nA spokesman for Chief Executive Abdullah Abdullah, when asked for comments on the UNAMA report, said the government agrees with its findings that insurgents through terrorist attacks are responsible for causing most of the civilian casualties.\nWhile the UNAMA report has documented a significant reduction in civilian casualties attributed to Afghan forces, the government is working on recommendation by the international mission to further improve the situation, spokesman Mujibur Rahman Rahimi told VOA.\nUNAMA began documenting civilian casualties in 2009 and has since recorded nearly 25,000 deaths of Afghan civilians.\n",
        "caption": "Tadamichi Yamamoto, United Nations Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Afghanistan, right, speaks during a press conference with Danielle Bell, United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan, UNAMA, Human Rights Director, to discuss the release of the U.N. 2016 Annual Report on the Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict, in Kabul, Afghanistan, Monday, Feb. 6, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/5D569212-3B96-4912-AEAD-0A25830DEEA6.jpg",
        "id": "9225_1",
        "answer": [
            "All parties to take every measure possible to prevent unnecessary and unacceptable harm to Afghan civilians",
            "all parties to take every measure possible to prevent unnecessary and unacceptable harm to Afghan civilians"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Tadamichi Yamamoto"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_27_3827772",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_27_3827772_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who accompanied the person with the blue tie in the image?",
        "context": "Afghanistan Accepts Pakistan\u2019s Offer of 'Coordinated' Anti-Terror Operations\nISLAMABAD, PAKISTAN \u2014\u00a0\nPakistan and Afghanistan have agreed to conduct \u201ccoordinated, complementary\u201d security operations against terrorist groups on their respective sides of the shared border, officials confirmed Wednesday.\nA high-powered U.S. bipartisan congressional delegation led by Senator John McCain mediated the deal during its visit this week to Islamabad and Kabul.\n\u201cThe [U.S.] Senators said that the head of Pakistan\u2019s armed forces, General Qamar Javed Bajwa, agreed to joint operations against terrorist groups in the Durand Line region,\u201d said an Afghan statement after Tuesday\u2019s talks between President Ashraf Ghani and the U.S. delegation.\n\u201cThey said that the U.S. would provide monitoring and verification of these operations,\u201d the statement quoted McCain\u2019s delegation as saying, while sharing the Pakistani proposal with Ghani.\nThe nearly 2,600-kilometer, largely-porous border between Afghanistan and Pakistan is called the Durand Line. Both countries regularly accuse each other of not doing enough on their respective sides to stop terrorist infiltration. The allegations are blamed for deep mutual mistrust and strained bilateral ties.\n\u201cThe Afghan government has welcomed the [Pakistani] proposal and a mechanism to undertake these simultaneous joint operations will be developed by our defense and security forces,\u201d Afghan presidential spokesman Dawa Khan Meenapal told VOA on Wednesday.\nPakistan military spokesman Major General Asif Ghafoor, when contacted by VOA, confirmed the security deal with Afghan counterparts. However, he dismissed the reported impression that Afghan forces would be allowed to step on Pakistani soil.\n\u201cThere is no concept of joint operations [on Pakistani soil]. Pakistan does not and will not allow foreign boots on the ground,\u201d said General Ghafoor.\nHe went on to explain that under the proposed \u201ccoordinated, complementary\u201d operations, when Pakistani forces plan counterterrorism actions on their side of the border, Afghan counterparts will be required to mobilize forces on the other side and the other way around to prevent terrorists from fleeing.\nAfghan Border Police personnel keep watch during an ongoing battle between Pakistani and Afghan Border forces near the Durand line at Spin Boldak, in southern Kandahar province, May 5, 2017.\nMcCain and his fellow senators, including Lindsay Graham, Sheldon Whitehouse, Elizabeth Warren and David Perdue, held talks with Pakistani civilian and military leaders and visited a tribal region near the Afghan border on Monday before traveling to Kabul for talks with leaders there.\nPresident Ghani has long blamed Pakistan for not upholding its commitments to prevent terrorists from using Pakistani soil against Afghanistan. He has lately linked complete normalization of relations to the involvement of a third country to oversee actions and commitments undertaken by Afghanistan and Pakistan.\nThe Afghan government alleges that Taliban insurgents and their ally, the Haqqani network, are using sanctuaries inside Pakistan for sustaining the insurgency in Afghanistan, charges Islamabad strongly rejects.\nThe offer of \u201ccoordinated\u201d operations to Afghanistan came as Pakistan's military is building a fence on the long border and undertaking other fortification measures to deter militant infiltration in either direction. Islamabad has long complained that a lack of coordination from the Afghan side has allowed militants to flee security operations in the volatile Pakistani tribal belt and take refuge in Afghan border areas to plot attacks against Pakistan.\n",
        "caption": "In this photo released by by Pakistan's Press Information Department, visiting U.S. Senator John McCain, left, shakes hand with Pakistani Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif prior to their meeting in Islamabad, July 3, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/396100B8-247B-442F-B4B3-433DCC76C9E2.jpg",
        "id": "26694_1",
        "answer": [
            "Lindsay Graham, Sheldon Whitehouse, Elizabeth Warren and David Perdue"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "McCain"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_05_3929166",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_05_3929166_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who did the person with the blue tie in the image say would continue the deal?",
        "context": "UN Chief: US May Meet Paris Climate Goals Despite Exit\nLISBON, PORTUGAL \u2014\u00a0\nU.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres says the United States may meet the Paris climate agreement's targets despite pulling out of the deal.\nGuterres says Michael Bloomberg, a U.N. special envoy on climate change, is \"convinced\" the U.S. will reach the Paris goals. Guterres says that is because some U.S. states, cities and businesses are committed to green energy.\nGuterres said in a speech Monday in Lisbon, Portugal that President Donald Trump's decision to withdraw from the global Paris agreement strengthened the deal by prompting other major countries to reaffirm their commitment to its ambitions. He named China, India and the members of the European Union as examples.\nTrump announced last month that he was taking the U.S. out of the landmark global accord aimed at combatting global warming.\n",
        "caption": "Secretary of State Rex Tillerson, right, walks with \u200eU.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres, Wednesday, June 28, 2017, at the State Department in Washington. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/3B9AAD8E-A156-4B4E-8CBD-A2BE94DED5D6.jpg",
        "id": "32585_1_2",
        "answer": [
            "some U.S. states, cities and businesses"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Guterres"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_03_3926004",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_03_3926004_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the employer of the person in the image accused of doing?",
        "context": "UN Rejects Report It's Seeking to Interfere in Zimbabwe Elections\nThe United Nations chief in Zimbabwe has rejected recent allegations the U.N. is seeking to interfere in the 2018 electoral process.\nA majority-government-owned newspaper, the Sunday Mail, stirred controversy this month when it published an article accusing the United Nations of plotting to rig upcoming elections to remove President Robert Mugabe from office.\nMugabe, who has been in office since independence in 1980, says he will run for another term next year.\nThe Sunday Mail story came just days after an opposition protest in which demonstrators said they had lost confidence in the electoral commission and wanted an international body to run the 2018 polls.\nBishow Parajuli, the U.N. resident coordinator in Zimbabwe, has dismissed as \"totally false\" accusations of political interference in the 2018 elections in Zimbabwe, March 2017. (S. Mhofu/VOA)\nOn Wednesday, Bishow Parajuli, the U.N. resident coordinator in Zimbabwe, addressed the accusations of political interference.\n\"It is totally false,\" Parajuli said. \"In fact, in every issue the U.N. is engaged in, the government is aware. We never deal on political matters like that. We are working on purely development and humanitarian matters.\"\nHe was joined at a news conference by Mugabe's chief secretary, Misheck Sibanda, who reaffirmed Parajuli's statement.\nMisheck Sibanda, President Robert Mugabe's chief secretary, says Zimbabwe is happy with what the U.N. is doing to promote development, March 2017. (S. Mhofu/VOA)\n\"UNDP means what? United Nations Development Program. And their job is to promote development. This is why we are together,\" Sibanda said, referring to the U.N.\u2019s past help in dealing with devastating droughts and flooding. \"I think [the election] is an issue you [the media] want to blow out of proportion.\"\nBut political tensions have been rising, most recently over the purchase of biometric voter registration equipment. The electoral commission had initially agreed to have the United Nations purchase the necessary equipment, but last week, the commission announced the government would purchase it instead. Opposition parties cried foul.\nOn Wednesday, the U.N. chief in Zimbabwe said decisions about the purchase of the BVR equipment remain up to the government. \n",
        "caption": "Bishow Parajuli, the U.N. resident coordinator in Zimbabwe, has dismissed as \"totally false\" accusations of political interference in the 2018 elections in Zimbabwe, March 2017. (S. Mhofu/VOA)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/2FCA57D7-4DED-4235-AA5D-F148EEF96ADF.jpg",
        "id": "1628_2",
        "answer": [
            "plotting to rig upcoming elections to remove President Robert Mugabe from office",
            "seeking to interfere in the 2018 electoral process.",
            "interference in the 2018 elections in Zimbabwe",
            "interfere in the 2018 electoral process"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "U.N. ",
            "Bishow Parajuli",
            "U.N."
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_29_3786825",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_29_3786825_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What political event may replace the event in the image in the citizens' mind?",
        "context": "Rio Sambas on to The Beatles After Accident Mars Carnival\nRIO DE JANEIRO \u2014\u00a0\nCarnival revelers in Rio de Janeiro danced on to Beatles songs set to Brazilian samba rhythms on Monday after an accident injuring 20 people marred the annual pre-Lenten bacchanalia the night before.\nThe Sargento Pimenta street band had thousands of spirited followers twisting and shouting and singing \"She loves you yeah, yeah, yeah\" as golden oldies from the Liverpool four blasted a waterfront park on the third day of what is dubbed the world's biggest party.\nRio's spectacular Carnival parade of top samba troupes suffered the accident on Sunday when spectators were pushed against a wall by a faulty float at the start of the famed Sambadrome show.\nThe massive three-ton float of the Paraiso de Tuiuti samba group carrying costumed dancers on platforms veered out of control as it turned into the parade ground. When handlers tried to straighten the float, it swung into a group of people.\nFirefighters carry an injured person on a stretcher during Carnival celebrations at the Sambadrome in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Feb. 26, 2017.\nOrganizers said 20 people were hurt and eight were taken to hospital, three of them with serious injuries. One woman had two legs broken and was still in hospital. An initial investigation said the float had a mechanical problem, the organizers said.\nThe accident did not stop the all-night parade by six of the city's elite samba schools that spend millions each year to compete by parading down a 700-meter avenue with thousands of dancers driven by powerful drum sections.\nThe Carnival festivities provide Brazilians with a welcome escape from the reality of a two-year recession, record unemployment, a sprawling political corruption scandal and mounting crime in a city that hosted the Olympics last August.\nBehind the joyful laughter, the drinking and the dancing, the grim reality of political crisis remained present.\nRevellers from Uniao da Ilha samba school perform during the second night of the carnival parade at the Sambadrome in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Feb. 27, 2017.\nAt the Sargento Pimenta party in Rio's Flamengo district, Mario Marcio, dressed in prison stripes said his costume represented \"the politicians who are sticking their hands in our money.\"\nFernanda Brito, dressed as a police officer, said she was there to arrest corrupt politicians \"and show that it is possible to improve things in Brazil.\"\nThe government of President Michel Temer, who replaced impeached leftist Dilma Rousseff last year vowing to clean up government and restore fiscal discipline, faced corruption allegations that are expected to rock Brazil after Carnival.\nA group of young women attending the Sargento party wore their slogan painted on their arms: \"Out with Temer.\"\n\"We have to take advantage of this visibility to show the causes we support and truly need,\" said Julia Saber.\n",
        "caption": "Drum queen Raissa from Beija-Flor samba school performs during the carnival parade at the Sambadrome in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Feb. 27, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/BE288247-A80F-4AE0-95C8-78BF2ACA3262.jpg",
        "id": "28949_1",
        "answer": [
            "corruption allegations"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Carnival"
        ],
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        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_27_3741812_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who is against the people like those in the image?",
        "context": "Former Detainees Say Immigration Jails Profit off Their Labor\nDENVER \u2014\u00a0\nEvery day, immigrants are told to clean their living areas in a privately run Colorado detention center or risk being put in solitary confinement. Some also volunteer to do jobs as varied as landscaping, more cleaning and cutting other inmates\u2019 hair, but the pay is always the same: $1 a day. \nA group of former detainees says the system borders on modern-day slavery. They are challenging it in federal court and have won the right to sue the Denver-area detention center\u2019s operator on behalf of an estimated 60,000 people held there over a decade.\nThe former detainees allege the GEO Group is exploiting people in the 1,500-bed center to keep it operating with just one full-time janitor. The company reported $2.2 billion in revenue and had nearly $163 million in adjusted net income last year.\nU.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement officers make an arrest in San Clemente, Calif., May 11, 2017.\nPrivate prison industry\nThe case could have broad consequences for the private prison industry, which hopes to cash in on demand for more detention space as the Trump administration cracks down on illegal immigration. \nImmigration detention centers are roughly the equivalent of jails in the criminal justice system \u2014 places where people accused of civil violations of immigration law wait until their cases are resolved. While people convicted of crimes and serving time in prison are often required to work, those held in the nation\u2019s jails generally cannot be forced to work because they have not been convicted, according to the U.S. Justice Department\u2019s National Institute of Corrections. \nCourts view immigration detention not as punishment but as a way to keep people from fleeing, said Kathleen Kim, a professor at Loyola Law School in Los Angeles who specializes in immigration law. Forcing detainees to work violates the 13th Amendment, which ended slavery and bars involuntary servitude except for punishment of a crime, she said.\nFinancially, \u201cthis model of operating these facilities very much depends on the labor of the people detained there,\u201d said an attorney for the Colorado detainees, Andrew Free, of Nashville, Tennessee. \nHeavy use of private prisons\nGEO says it is only following government policies and wants an appeals court to block the case from proceeding on behalf of everyone held from 2004 and 2014, noting class-action status could lead to additional claims against similar companies.\nThat\u2019s already started. Another lawsuit filed in May against CoreCivic, the nation\u2019s largest private prison operator, challenges similar labor practices at its San Diego immigration detention center. \nJonathan Burns, spokesman for the Nashville, Tennessee-based company, said all of its detainee work programs are voluntary and comply with the standards of the federal Immigrations and Customs Enforcement agency. \nThe agency has come to rely heavily on private companies to house its detainee population, which has tended to fluctuate with surges and drops in immigration.\nIn December, an Obama administration task force recommended continuing the use of private contractors for immigration detainees even though the administration announced it was phasing them out as operators of federal prisons. At a time when about 65 percent of immigration detainees were in private facilities, the group concluded it would take billions of dollars for the government to take over. \nFILE - Suspected illegal immigrants are being processed at the Tucson Sector of the U.S. Customs and Border Protection headquarters in Tucson, Ariz., Aug. 9, 2012.\nBillions to house immigrants\nNow, President Donald Trump has asked Congress for a $1.5 billion budget increase for ICE to arrest, detain and deport immigrants in the country illegally. ICE acting director Thomas Homan recently told lawmakers it expects to house about 51,000 immigrant detainees on a given day, up from nearly 40,000.\nIn April, GEO, ICE\u2019s second-largest detention contractor, won a $110 million contract to build the first new immigrant detention center under Trump.\nIn its appeal, GEO said the former detainees and their attorneys dislike ICE\u2019s rules, but instead of asking Congress to change them \u201cthey are pursuing a class-action lawsuit for monetary relief.\u201d Now, the company said, it faces massive financial risk for carrying out federal directives.\nGEO noted company officials can remember only once when someone awaiting a hearing was put in solitary confinement for refusing to clean. \nThe former detainees say $1 a day is the minimum they must receive for work and that GEO lied in telling them it could not pay more. But the company says the amount is set in its contract with the government, which reimburses GEO for what it pays detainees.\nWhile government rules require detainees to keep their personal living areas clean without pay, the plaintiffs claim GEO forces detainees to also clean and maintain common areas for free.\nFollowing a November inspection, the U.S. Homeland Security Department\u2019s Office of Inspector General found another immigration facility, the publicly run Theo Lacy detention center in California, violated that rule by requiring detainees to clean common-area showers. \nThousands agreed to work\nOne of the former Colorado detainees who filed the lawsuit, Grisel Xahuentitla, of the central Mexico state of Tlaxcala, said as part of her mandatory daily cleaning, she was responsible for her pod\u2019s floors and tables, along with basketball courts and a small library. But after some other women were deported, she volunteered to clean sinks, toilets and showers three times a day for $1 a day, partly because she felt bad for the lone woman left doing the job.\nXahuentitla also was looking for something to do, having lost interest in the crocheting workshops intended to keep women occupied.\n\u201cI felt like I was getting a little depressed being there. That\u2019s why I wanted the job, just to kill time,\u201d said Xahuentitla, now 33, who spent four months in the center in 2014 and now lives in the mountain town of Durango. She would not discuss how she was released or her current immigration status. \nXahuentitla\u2019s family sent her money, so she didn\u2019t need the daily wage to make phone calls or buys things like ramen noodles at the canteen. But she said others worked for the money. \nThe lawsuit estimates about 2,000 people held at the center agreed to work for $1 a day over three years. They are among the estimated 60,000 who were allegedly compelled to clean their living areas for no pay over a decade.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Suspected illegal immigrants are being processed at the Tucson Sector of the U.S. Customs and Border Protection headquarters in Tucson, Ariz., Aug. 9, 2012.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/3E0D435A-6315-4D19-8523-64A2E598B860.jpg",
        "id": "25526_3",
        "answer": [
            "the Trump administration"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "illegal"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_22_3911122",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_22_3911122_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person with dark hair in the image announce?",
        "context": "What's Behind Iran's Muted Official Criticism of Revised Travel Ban?\nIran has given a muted response to a revised U.S. immigration policy that temporarily bars entry to most Iranians, with a junior Iranian official criticizing it as the product of a disorganized U.S. foreign policy. \nIranian state media quoted Deputy Foreign Minister Majid Takht Ravanchi as telling reporters on Tuesday that Tehran \u201crejects\u201d the new U.S. travel order, signed by President Donald Trump a day earlier. \nThe order bars most citizens of Iran and five other Muslim-majority nations from traveling to the U.S. for 90 days beginning March 16, because of what U.S. officials say is the inability of those nations to adequately screen their travelers to weed out potential terrorists. The measure is a more limited version of an initial travel ban signed by Trump in January but suspended within days by a U.S. court due to legal challenges from critics who see both versions as an unconstitutional entry ban on Muslims. The initial ban included a seventh predominantly Muslim nation, Iraq, which was removed in the revised order. \nA 'shaky' proposition?\nIn comments published by Iran\u2019s Fars and ISNA news agencies, Takht Ravanchi said the new U.S. travel restrictions have a \u201cshaky\u201d basis and reflect Trump's poor understanding of foreign policy. He also said Iran\u2019s response to the previous travel ban remains in effect and there is no need for new action. \nIranian Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif denounced Trump\u2019s initial travel order as an \u201cinsult\u201d to Iran and the Islamic world.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p lang=\\\"en\\\" dir=\\\"ltr\\\"\\u0026gt;Full statement of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Islamic Republic of Iran on the \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/MuslimBan?src=hash\\\"\\u0026gt;#MuslimBan\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;. 6/7 \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://t.co/Y3gAxT0B8m\\\"\\u0026gt;pic.twitter.com/Y3gAxT0B8m\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Javad Zarif (@JZarif) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/JZarif/status/825439269569314817\\\"\\u0026gt;January 28, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nHe also said Iran would respond by no longer issuing visas to U.S. citizens while making exceptions in certain cases. In one such exception, Iran allowed the U.S. men\u2019s wresting team to compete in last month\u2019s Freestyle World Cup in the western Iranian city of Kermanshah, where the Americans lost to the Iranian national team in the final. No information was available on how many other exceptions have been made or how many U.S. citizens have been denied Iranian visas since Javad Zarif announced the retaliatory move on January 31. \nIran observer Mohsen Milani, a politics professor at the University of South Florida, sees Tehran\u2019s reaction to the latest U.S. travel order as cautious. \n\u201cThe Iranian deputy foreign minister\u2019s remarks indicate that he thinks it is premature to determine the direction of U.S. foreign policy,\u201d Milani told VOA Persian. He said it appears that the Iranian government wants to see what happens in the three months the limited travel ban is in effect \u2013 whether it becomes permanent, what happens to U.S. policy on the Iran nuclear deal and whether Washington designates Iran\u2019s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps as a foreign terrorist organization. \u201cDepending on those U.S. policy decisions, Iran will determine what to do about visas for Americans and what exemptions to give them,\u201d Milani said.\nSeeking an advantage\nBehind Iran\u2019s public display of caution, Iranian conservative figures may see political benefits in the Trump administration\u2019s persistence with the travel restrictions, Milani believes. \u201cIranian hardliners, especially in the run up to May\u2019s presidential election, will use the ban to reinforce the same allegation that they have made all along \u2013 that the U.S. is the enemy of Iran,\u201d he said. \u201cThere also are hardline elements in Iran\u2019s power structure that want to minimize American influence in the country \u2013 they probably also will welcome the ban on Iranians visiting the U.S.\u201d\nIn examining Iran\u2019s muted official criticism of the U.S. travel order, Milani also sees a deep disappointment in the U.S. position among Iranian moderates. \u201cThose elements of the power system won\u2019t be happy because the U.S. is one of the most favored travel destinations for Iranians of all walks of life including many who work for the government and have family members living in America,\u201d he said. \u201cThe U.S. also is by far the most popular destination for young Iranians who want to pursue higher education abroad, based on my conversations with Iranian students, including those who want to attend my university. For them, the U.S. ban is a major setback.\u201d \nIranians opine online\nOn Instagram, user amir123987yser criticized the U.S. move, asking: \u201cwhy are Iranians banned from traveling to the U.S. when they do not engage in terrorism, in contrast to Saudi Arabia\u201d which is not on the banned list but whose citizens were involved in the 2001 terrorist attacks on the United States. Another critic, Facebook user Mehdi Beirami, commented on VOA Persian\u2019s live video of the U.S. announcement, vowing that he will not travel to the United States or fly with U.S. airlines even though they are cheaper than others, and will not buy any American products \u201cfor the rest of my life.\u201d\nOther Iranian social media users turned their ire toward the Iranian government rather than the U.S. Instagram user abbaa0912 said Iranians have no right to be angry at the United States because the Iranian government promotes the burning of U.S. flags at state-sanctioned rallies. In a similar Instagram comment, user najibi.spidh said she thinks the U.S. decision to remove Iraq from the banned list \u201cmeans Iraq is better than us, because they don\u2019t chant \u2018Down with USA\u2019\u201d \u2013 a popular slogan at anti-U.S. rallies in Iran.\nAfshar Sigarchi of VOA\u2019s Persian service contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "FILE -Iranian Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif (R) and deputy Foreign Minister for European and American Affairs Majid Takht-Ravanchi (L) listen during a meeting with journalists in Tehran.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/308E2C05-84E6-428D-AA0A-D2A50963E430.jpg",
        "id": "30867_1",
        "answer": [
            "that Tehran \u201crejects\u201d the new U.S. travel order"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Majid Takht Ravanchi"
        ],
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    },
    {
        "question": "What group did the people in the image discuss?",
        "context": "White House: Trump's Intel Revelations to Russians 'Wholly Appropriate'\nWHITE HOUSE \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. National Security Adviser H.R. McMaster on Tuesday said information about terrorism and threats to international aviation that President Donald Trump shared with Russian diplomats last week was \"wholly appropriate\" and did not compromise U.S. intelligence sources.\nMcMaster stood by his earlier statement that the premise of U.S. news accounts was false that Trump had divulged highly classified information to Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov and Russian Ambassador to the U.S. Sergey Kislyak about a possible Islamic State plan to smuggle bombs hidden in laptop computers aboard airliners. The president met Lavrov and Kislyak behind closed doors in the Oval Office last week.\nWATCH: McMaster on Whether Trump Shared Classified Info with Russians \nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nMcMaster: Trump-Lavrov Conversation \u2018Wholly Appropriate\u2019\nShare this video\n0:00:10\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:10\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 490.7kB\n360p | 602.1kB\n480p | 3.1MB\n\"I'm not concerned at all,\" said McMaster, who said he was at the Oval Office meeting. \"That conversation was wholly appropriate to the conversation, and I think wholly appropriate with the expectation of our intelligence partners.\n\"The president in no way compromised any sources,\" McMaster said.\nThe national security adviser also rejected news reports that Trump may have inadvertently divulged the source of the information. \"The president wasn't even aware of where this information came from,\" said McMaster. \"He wasn't briefed on the source or the method of the information either.\"\nWATCH: McMaster on Whether President Knew Source of Shared Info \nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nMcMaster: Trump \u2018Not Aware\u2019 of Intelligence Sources\nShare this video\n0:00:20\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:20\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 925.1kB\n360p | 1.1MB\n480p | 5.5MB\nIsrael reported as source\nThe New York Times reported Tuesday that the source of the information was Israel, one of America's closest allies in the region. That report has since been corroborated by diplomatic and intelligence sources.\nIn an off-camera briefing, White House spokesman Sean Spicer would not comment when asked if Israel was the source. But he did say the U.S. is pleased with \"the strong relationship that we have with Israel, and appreciate the exchange of information that we have with them.\"\nIsrael's ambassador to the United States, Ron Dermer, also would not comment on the intelligence. But in a statement, he expressed satisfaction with his country's ties with the United States. \"Israel has full confidence in our intelligence-sharing relationship with the United States, and looks forward to deepening that relationship in the years ahead under President Trump,\" Dermer said.\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nWhite House: Trump\u2019s Disclosure to Russia \u2018Wholly Appropriate\u2019\nShare this video\n0:02:13\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:13\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 6.4MB\n360p | 9.2MB\n720p | 62.4MB\nWhite House reaction\nSpokesman Spicer said the White House is clearly irritated at the leaks that have dominated the news since the story was broken by The Washington Post. \"The idea that someone who has been given access to information is pushing that information out to the media undermines our national security,\" he said. \"And I don't think there is any other way to say it than it is, frankly, dangerous.\"\nFILE - U.S. President Donald Trump meets with Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov, left, next to Russian Ambassador to the U.S. Sergei Kislyak at the White House in Washington, May 10, 2017. (Russian Foreign Ministry photo via AP)\nThe spokesman argued that it was appropriate for Trump to discuss the subject of airline terrorism with Russian officials.\n\"Russia would be a logical partner in the fight against attacks on airliners, since it has also been a victim of a deadly airliner attack,\" Spicer told reporters. \"There was information about a shared aviation threat. They had an airplane that was taken down in October 2015 in which 200 lives were lost. They shared in disgust a shared threat that our two countries have. I think that was extremely appropriate.\"\nTrump made only indirect comments about the controversy Tuesday during an event with visiting Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan. \"We had a very successful meeting with the foreign minister of Russia. Our fight is against ISIS,\" Trump said, using an acronym for Islamic State. \"We want to get as many to help fight terrorism as possible.\"\nTrump on Twitter\nEarlier, Trump used Twitter to mount a defense of his \"absolute right\" to share information with the two Russian diplomats. He tweeted that he met with Lavrov and Kislyak to urge Russia to \"greatly step up their fight\" against Islamic State and terrorists.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;As President I wanted to share with Russia (at an openly scheduled W.H. meeting) which I have the absolute right to do, facts pertaining....\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/864436162567471104\\\"\\u0026gt;May 16, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;...to terrorism and airline flight safety. Humanitarian reasons, plus I want Russia to greatly step up their fight against ISIS \\u0026amp;amp; terrorism.\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/864438529472049152\\\"\\u0026gt;May 16, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nSchumer calls for transcripts\nAs the controversy over Trump's remarks unfolded, Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer called for the White House to release a transcript of Trump's meeting with the Russian officials to lawmakers on congressional intelligence committees.\n\"If the reporting is accurate,\" Schumer said, \"in one fell swoop, the president could have unsettled our allies, emboldened our adversaries, endangered our military and intelligence officers [the] world over, and exposed our nation to greater risk.\"\nFILE - Senate Minority Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., speaks to reporters after a Democratic caucus meeting at the U.S. Capitol in Washington, May 10, 2017.\nRepublican Senator John McCain, a key foreign affairs expert, said Trump's disclosure risked the cooperation of allies in future intelligence gathering operations. \"It's a serious concern and we have to know who it is he [Trump] may have unmasked [the intelligence source] by giving that information\" to the Russian officials, McCain said.\nA Russian Foreign Ministry spokeswoman on Tuesday denied that Trump revealed any classified information to Lavrov and Kislyak, calling the reports \"fake.\"\nFILE - Senate Armed Services Committee Chairman Sen. John McCain, R-Ariz., speaks to reporters on Capitol Hill in Washington, March 8, 2017.\nAnalysts disagree\nAnalysts noted that a U.S. president has the power to declassify nearly any information, so what Trump did does not appear to be illegal. But intelligence officials have expressed concern that the information, provided by a U.S. partner government, could harm crucial international relationships.\nSeveral former CIA directors have spoken publicly, differing sharply in their opinions about the gravity of Trump's information sharing episode.\nLeon Panetta, who headed the agency for two years under President Barack Obama, described Trump as a \"loose cannon.\" Speaking on CNN, Panetta said the president \"must come to terms with the idea that his words now have gravity as the leader of the free world.\"\nJames Woolsey, who was CIA chief in the Clinton administration, told VOA the president was within his rights to divulge classified information as long as he did not reveal where it came from or how it was gathered. \"It depends entirely on whether the president and anybody with him disclosed sources and methods,\" Woolsey said. \"They said they did not. Therefore, it's a nothing burger.\"\nVOA\u2019s Jeff Seldin, Katherine Gypson, Michael Bowman, Ken Bredemeier and William Gallo contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - U.S. President Donald Trump meets with Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov, left, next to Russian Ambassador to the U.S. Sergei Kislyak at the White House in Washington, May 10, 2017. (Russian Foreign Ministry photo via AP)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F70CAC66-0414-472C-91E9-27140282FE93.jpg",
        "id": "16144_2",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "Islamic State"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Donald Trump meets with Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov, left, next to Russian Ambassador to the U.S. Sergei Kislyak",
            "Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_16_3852969",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_16_3852969_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person with the sign in the image doing?",
        "context": "Turkey's Opposition Leader on Long March for Justice\nISTANBUL \u2014\u00a0\nOn Day 20 of his \"March for Justice\" Kemal Kilicdaroglu still has a spring in his step. The 68-year-old leader of Turkey's Republican People\u2019s Party (CHP) has often been criticized for being an ineffectual opposition party leader. Now, Kilicdaroglu is galvanizing opposition to President Recep Tayyip Erdogan and his year-long crackdown on dissent following last July\u2019s failed coup.\n\u201cThis march has already made a difference, said Volkan Yosunlu, who like so many got up in the early hours of the morning to travel from Istanbul to join the march. \u201cFor 20 days, tens of thousands of people walking together proclaiming the same message of justice is a reflection of a growing awareness and something positive is really emerging out of this,\u201d said Yosunlu.\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTurkey's Opposition Leader on Long March for Justice\nShare this video\n0:02:35\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:35\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 7.5MB\n360p | 13.1MB\n720p | 75.8MB\nMarchers' spirits high\n\"Adalet\" means justice, and that is the simple message marchers carry on banners, placards and t-shirts. Marchers say they are trying to reach across the political divide bring attention to the thousands of people who have been jailed and lost jobs in Erdogan's post-coup crackdown.\nKemal Kilicdaroglu, the leader of Turkey's main opposition Republican People's Party, walks with thousands of supporters on the 21st day of his 425-kilometer (265-mile) \"March for Justice\" in Izmit, Turkey, July 5, 2017.\n\"There are deputies arrested, there are many journalists arrested. Also the academics. Also the education system fell apart,\u201d claims Zeynep Altiok CHP deputy leader as she walks towards Istanbul flanked by cheering fellow marchers. \u201cThe judiciary system is also very much under pressure. So all this together, from different levels of society everybody feels it for them right now, everybody feels for justice, everybody seeks for justice.\"\nErdogan blasts marchers\nPresident Erdogan accuses the marchers of treason and of collaborating with terror groups.\n\"You are launching a march for terrorists and for their supporters,\u201d Erdogan bellowed on Sunday. \u201cYou have never thought about marching against terrorist groups, you can convince no one that your aim is justice.\u201d\nTurkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan has even suggested the march could be a second coup attempt against him.\nMarch picks up steam\nDespite such rhetoric the march goes on, and continues to pick up more supporters along the way. The growing success of the march is putting Erdogan in a difficult situation.\nThousands of supporters hold a 1.100 meter-long national flag as they follow Kemal Kilicdaroglu, on the 17th day of his 425-kilometer (265-mile) march in Sakarya.\n\u201cThere is really not much Erdogan can really do,\u201d points out Semih Idiz political columnist of Al Monitor website. \u201cHe knows if he prevents it, then the issue grows even larger, the interest it attracts, would grow not just in Turkey but internationally. So he is in a dilemma here, no doubt about. It seems to be almost a prelude to something else. Now people don't know what this will be prelude too, but there is this feeling that will be a prelude of sorts to something else,\u201d added Idiz.\nMany passing cars and trucks sound car horns in support, while people line the road to applaud.\n\u201cPeople are really giving big support to us,\u201d this woman marcher says, \u201cThey wave at us, they kiss us and wish us the best, they hug us with love, they get tears in their eyes. They say 'May god Help you.\u201d She adds, \"We have seen incredible support from the people. We got some negative reaction too, but mostly it was positive.\"\nFILE - Turkey's President and leader of ruling Justice and Development Party Recep Tayyip Erdogan addresses his party members in Istanbul, June 25, 2017.\nErdogan still strong\nErdogan still enjoys considerable backing in the country. On the march route, his supporters blast his campaign song and display a four-finger sign, symbolizing support for the president.\nPolitical divisions in Turkey will likely deepen as more people join the march. Kilicdarolgu worries about such tensions, but insists they are committed to peaceful resistance. \u201cWe have never been and we will never be in favor of violence. They tried to force us to show violent behaviors, they tried to provoke us, but we never, ever responded,\u201d he said.\nKilicdaroglu is calling for greater police protection for the march. The march is scheduled to arrive Sunday in Istanbul.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Turkey's main opposition Republican People's Party (CHP) leader Kemal Kilicdaroglu (C) and Secretay-General of the Socialist International Luis Ayala (2nd L) walk flanked by supporters during the 14th day of a protest dubbed \"justice march\" against the detention of CHP's lawmaker Enis Berberoglu, in Duzce, June 28, 2017. The placard reads \"Justice.\"",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/FA087BB0-7C21-434D-96B8-47C1AF4C80CF.jpg",
        "id": "17388_1",
        "answer": [
            "galvanizing opposition to President Recep Tayyip Erdogan and his year-long crackdown on dissent following last July\u2019s failed coup",
            "calling for greater police protection",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Kilicdaroglu",
            "Kemal Kilicdaroglu"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_06_3930653",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_06_3930653_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What role does the person with the kippah in the image have?",
        "context": "Israeli Rights Groups Move to Strike Down Settlement Law\nJERUSALEM \u2014\u00a0\nA pair of Israeli rights groups on Wednesday asked the country's Supreme Court to overturn a new law legalizing dozens of settler outposts in the West Bank, opening what is expected to be a lengthy legal battle over the contentious legislation.\nThe legal challenges added new uncertainty to the law, which has drawn fierce international condemnations and been questioned by Israel's own attorney general.\nThe law, backed by Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's nationalist coalition, retroactively legalized thousands of homes found to have been built on private Palestinian land. While its backers claim these homes were built \u201cin good faith,\u201d critics say the law amounts to legalized land theft.\nIsraeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu attends the weekly cabinet meeting in Jerusalem, Jan. 22, 2017.\nIsrael has 30 days to respond\nIn the first lawsuit against the measure, the Arab rights group Adalah and the Jerusalem Legal Aid and Human Rights Center asked the high court to block implementation of the law. It was the first in what is expected to be a series of legal challenges.\n\u201cThis sweeping and dangerous law permits the expropriation of vast tracts of private Palestinian land, giving absolute preference to the political interests of Israel,\u201d\u2019 said Suhad Bishara, an attorney for Adalah.\nShe said the court gave Israel 30 days to respond. She added that Adalah had requested the court freeze the law's implementation until its final ruling.\nIn the meantime, the state can begin implementing the law. Experts say the legalization process will take years as authorities identify properties, confiscate lands and work out compensation with the original Palestinian owners.\nPalestinian laborers work at a construction site in a new housing project in the Israeli settlement of Maale Adumim, near Jerusalem, Feb. 7, 2017.\nPalestinians will be compensated for land\nThe West Bank is home to some 120 settlements recognized as legal by Israel, as well as about 100 unauthorized outposts that the government has tacitly accepted.\nThe new law sets out a process to legalize about half of those outposts, as well as about 3,000 additional homes built illegally in recognized settlements. Palestinian landowners can receive financial compensation or alternative land.\nThe Palestinians seek the West Bank and east Jerusalem, captured by Israel in the 1967 Mideast war, as parts of a future independent state.\nMost of the international community considers all Israeli settlements illegal and counterproductive to peace by gobbling up the territory sought by the Palestinians. Some 600,000 Israelis now live in the two areas.\nIsraeli government emboldened\nAfter years of conflict with President Barack Obama over settlements, Netanyahu's hard-line government has grown emboldened by the election of President Donald Trump. The new president has signaled he will take a much softer approach to the settlements.\nSince Trump took office, Israel has approved plans to build more than 6,000 new homes in the West Bank and east Jerusalem.\nPeace Now, an anti-settlement watchdog group, said that one of the newly approved projects is connected to a Jewish seminary in the Beit El settlement. Trump's proposed ambassador to Israel, David Friedman, has been a top fund-raiser for the same seminary.\nNew Israeli law condemned\nThe Israeli building announcements, coupled with passage of the new law late Monday, have drawn condemnations from many of Israel's closest allies. The European Union, as well as Britain, Germany and France, have all spoken out against the law. The U.N. has also condemned the measure.\nTrump, however, has remained largely silent. Last week, the White House said that new settlement construction \u201cmay not be helpful\u201d to promoting peace. White House spokesman Sean Spicer has said the new Israeli law will be discussed next week when Netanyahu meets Trump in Washington.\nTrump's departure from the policies of previous Republican and Democratic administrations has alarmed the Palestinians.\n\u201cWe do not know what is going on between Netanyahu and President Trump's administration, but at the end of the day we say that whoever wants to achieve a just and historical peace in the region between the Israelis and the Palestinians cannot be silent on settlement activity,\u201d Palestinian official Saeb Erekat said on Palestinian radio. \u201cIt's time for President Trump to tell Netanyahu, \u2018Enough.\u2019\u201d\nIsrael's Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, left, speaks with Cabinet Secretary Avichai Mandelblit during the weekly cabinet meeting in Jerusalem May 4, 2014.\nAttorney general won't defend new law\nThe new law, meanwhile, faces an unclear future. Israel's attorney general, Avichai Mandelblit, has said he will not defend it in court, saying the law allows for the expropriation of private property in violation of Israeli and international law.\nIt also is problematic because it applies Israeli law to occupied land that is not sovereign Israeli territory. In contrast to the settlers, the West Bank's more than 2 million Palestinians are not Israeli citizens and do not have the right to vote in Israel.\nEven Netanyahu has expressed misgivings about the bill, reportedly saying it could drag Israel into international legal prosecution. In the end, however, he agreed to support it after coming under heavy pressure from within his governing coalition.\nIsrael to use private lawyer\nIsraeli Justice Minister Ayelet Shaked, whose Jewish Home party spearheaded the legislation, has said the state plans to hire a private lawyer to represent it.\nAmichai Cohen, a senior fellow at the Israel Democracy Institute, a think tank, said it is rare, but not unprecedented, for an attorney general to refuse to defend the state.\nIn perhaps the most infamous case, Israel's then-attorney general launched a criminal investigation, over government objections, into a cover-up by Israel's domestic security agency of the killing of two Palestinian militants who had hijacked an Israeli bus in 1984. The attorney general was forced to resign.\nCohen said it was not unprecedented for Israel to hire a private lawyer and that because the case involves the Knesset, its legal adviser can defend the law in court.\n",
        "caption": "Israel's Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, left, speaks with Cabinet Secretary Avichai Mandelblit during the weekly cabinet meeting in Jerusalem May 4, 2014.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/FF6DCBC8-FB44-4948-AC46-E52F356443BB.jpg",
        "id": "6592_4",
        "answer": [
            "Israel's attorney general"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Avichai Mandelblit"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_08_3715118",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_08_3715118_4"
    },
    {
        "question": "What will the person laying their hands on the table in the image require?",
        "context": "Merkel, Hollande Call for EU Unity Amid New Worries\nPARIS \u2014\u00a0\nThe European Union\u2019s two most influential leaders called for unity in championing European values and the European project during a Berlin meeting overshadowed by concerns about the new Trump administration and rising populism at home.\n\u201cWe need a clear, common commitment to the European Union, to what we have accomplished and to the values of our liberal, democratic democracies,\u201d German Chancellor Angela Merkel said in a brief statement to the press alongside French President Francois Hollande.\nComing a week before the EU\u2019s first summit of the year in Malta, the meeting aimed to set the tone for the 27-member bloc. Yet it was overshadowed by another key meeting across the Atlantic, as Prime Minister Teresa May of exiting EU member Britain talked with U.S. President Donald Trump.\nIn remarks, Trump has suggested a sharp break with the EU on issues ranging from maintaining sanctions on Russia and upholding the Iran nuclear agreement to climate change, free trade and NATO\u2019s viability. \nTrump\u2019s support of Brexit, and recent predictions of the demise of the euro currency by Ted Malloch - reported to be the likely next U.S. ambassador to the EU - have not helped matters.\nDescribing the new U.S. administration Friday as posing \u201cchallenges,\u201d Hollande said it was important to speak to Trump \u201cwith a European point of view and promote our interests and values.\u201d\n\u201cThey are very much concerned that the new President Trump will try to split the Europeans on some key policy issues,\u201d said Daniel Gros, director of the Brussels-based Center for European Policy Studies. \u201cI think it\u2019s extremely important for Merkel to have a unified European response to anything the Americans might undertake - and that can only start with a Franco-German agreement.\u201d\nPresident Donald Trump stands with British Prime Minister Theresa May in the Oval Office of the White House in Washington, Jan. 27, 2017. Concerns mount in Europe over Trump's future course and rising populism on the continent.\nInternal threats\nThe two leaders also warned of internal threats to Europe, with the rise of populist anti-EU parties across the region. Both their countries face key elections this year, with the upcoming presidential and legislative vote in France particularly closely watched.\nPresident Hollande, who has taken a tough line against Syria and Moscow, is not running for re-election, judged too unpopular to win.\nBy contrast, two of the top candidates to replace him - conservative former prime minister Francois Fillon and far-right contender Marine Le Pen - want to end sanctions against Russia and work with Damascus in fighting the Islamic State group, positions that may align them closer to Washington if either becomes leader, than to Brussels. \nSpeaking after his own meeting with Merkel on Monday, Fillon said sanctions against Moscow were ineffective, and \u201cwe must find another way to talk.\u201d\nFor her part, Le Pen is a strong supporter of Trump, seeing his unexpected victory last November as a harbinger of her own. During a meeting with other far-right European parties in Germany last week, she called on European voters to \u201cwake up\u201d and follow the example of their British and American counterparts.\nStill, analyst Gros believes that, on the whole, the U.S. president is proving a galvanizing force, bringing the EU - which is sharply divided over issues like immigration - closer in opposition.\n\u201cThere is a sense of \u2018all united\u2019 in a European view of the world, which is different in its view than that of Trump,\u201d he said. \u201cIt\u2019s a long-term partnership based on common values.\u201d\nCloser EU defense and security cooperation seems to be the first target, in the wake of new doubts over the U.S. commitment to NATO. The first lines were traced during an end-of-year summit last December and Merkel has been pushing since.\n\u201cThe more Trump insists, the more he tries to divide the Europeans, the stronger will be the call for stronger military capacity,\u201d Gros said. \u201cIt\u2019s actually in the making. But it\u2019s nothing that you decide in a week or two. It will take years.\u201d\nStill Friday\u2019s meeting between Trump and Britain\u2019s Theresa May - his first with a foreign leader since taking office - offers an unsettling counterpoint.\n\u201cIt will be a strategic choice for May, whether to cozy up with Trump,\u201d Gros said. \u201cShe will have to weigh the U.K.\u2019s long-term interests, since we never know if Trump will stick to a particular policy and how long he might last himself.\u201d\nThe upcoming Brexit negotiations will also give the EU some bargaining power, he believes, as Britain looks to access the bloc's single market after leaving.\n\u201cIf she breaks ranks with Europe on some high policy issues,\u201d Gros said, \u201cthen the trade deal available to her will be a lot less favorable.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "German Chancellor Angela Merkel, right, and the President of France, Francois Hollande, left, address the media during a joint statement as part of a meeting at the chancellery in Berlin, Germany, Jan. 27, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/330DE44D-9165-4635-92C4-11A8F930ED3F.jpg",
        "id": "24961_1",
        "answer": [
            "a unified European response"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Merkel"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_27_3695709",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_27_3695709_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the target of the people in the image?",
        "context": "Deep in the Jungle, Brazil Struggles to Battle Drug Trade\nVILA BITTENCOURT, BRAZIL \u2014\u00a0\nIn an isolated army outpost deep in the Amazon jungle, Felipe Castro leads 70 soldiers on the frontline of Brazil's fight against its biggest security threat: the drug trade.\nCastro's platoon patrols a 250-km (155-mile) stretch of the border with the world's top cocaine producer, Colombia, in a bid to stem the flow of illegal drugs and arms that is fueling a war between criminal gangs in Brazil.\n\"It's a difficult job but not impossible,\" said the gaunt 29-year-old, his face covered in green and black camouflage.\nWatching from the bank of the murky Japura river, Castro directs his men as they use a metal speedboat to practice intercepting drug shipments on its fast-moving waters.\nBrazilian Army soldiers patrol the border with Colombia during a training to show efforts to step up security along borders, in Vila Bittencourt, Amazon State, Brazil, Jan. 18, 2017.\nThe river marks only part of Brazil's porous border that stretches for nearly 10,000 kms, three times the U.S.-Mexico frontier.\nAfter years of fragile truce, Brazil's drug gangs have launched a battle for control of lucrative cross-border smuggling routes that has spilled into the country's gang-controlled jails, sparking the bloodiest prison riots in decades.\nMore than 130 inmates have been killed this year.\nIn the vast state of Amazonas, the North Family gang has for years dominated the smuggling of cocaine that is shipped to Europe or sold in Brazil's inner cities in a business believed to be worth $4.5 billion a year.\nBrazil is the world's biggest consumer of cocaine after the United States, according to United Nations data.\nBrazilian Army soldiers are seen at the border with Colombia during a training to show efforts to step up security along borders, in Vila Bittencourt, Amazon State, Brazil, Jan. 18, 2017.\nMachete-wielding North Family gangs decapitated dozens of inmates of the rival First Capital Command (PCC) in a New Year's prison massacre that has sparked revenge killings across penitentiaries in northern Brazil.\nPresident Michel Temer's government is worried the prison violence could spill onto the streets of major cities such as economic hub Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, a major tourist destination.\nTemer has vowed to improve military surveillance along the border, but senior commanders acknowledge drugs and arms will continue to flow in.\nA Brazilian Army soldier patrols the border with Colombia during a training to show efforts to step up security along borders, in Vila Bittencourt, Amazon State, Brazil, Jan. 18, 2017.\n\"Not even the United States has been able to stop drug trafficking along its border with Mexico,\" said General Altair Polsin, head of the army's ground operations command. \"You have to tackle consumption to put an end to this.\"\nThe military plans to increase its patrols on the Solimoes River, one of the main smuggling routes, and share intelligence with officials in neighboring Colombia and Peru.\nOfficers are putting their hopes in a technology upgrade to use infrared sensors and drones for border surveillance.\nBrazilian army forces soldiers take a ride at the border of Brazil with Colombia during a training which aims to increase the security along borders, in Vila Bittencourt, Amazon State, Brazil, Jan. 18, 2017.\nFor this year, Brazil plans to nearly double its budget to about half a billion reais to finance a border technology program known as SISFRON, according to Defense Minister Raul Jungmann.\nUpdated technology is crucial for the 1,500 soldiers in the 24 garrisons posted along the Amazon border who divide their time searching for drugs with raids on illegal miners, loggers and hunters.\nOther Brazilian security agencies fighting drugs and arms trafficking in this isolated swath of the jungle are also stretched.\nAmazonas needs an extra 7,000 civil and military police to keep up with the increase in drug activity, according to an internal report by the state security secretary.\n\"We are 30 officers overseeing an area the size of France,\" said Marcos Vinicius Menezes, the federal police chief in Tabatinga, a city washed by the Solimoes that borders Colombia and Peru.\n\"If fighting the drug trade wasn't enough, we also have to look after the world's biggest tropical forest.\"\n",
        "caption": "Brazilian Army soldiers react at the border with Colombia during a training to show efforts to step up security along borders, in Vila Bittencourt, Amazon State, Brazil, Jan. 18, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/041B17B0-6388-482A-B8FF-12822A9C721A.jpg",
        "id": "27222_1",
        "answer": [
            "stem the flow of illegal drugs and arms"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Brazilian"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_20_3685346",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_20_3685346_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the country of the two people in the image being sanctioned for?",
        "context": "Bipartisan US Lawmakers Urge Trump to Sanction Venezuela\nCARACAS, VENEZUELA \u2014\u00a0\nA bipartisan group of 34 U.S. lawmakers has sent a letter to President Donald Trump urging him to step up pressure on Venezuela's government by immediately sanctioning officials responsible for corruption and human rights abuses, The Associated Press has learned.\nThe letter was partly prompted by an AP investigation, which it cites, that found corruption in Venezuela's food imports. It also calls for a thorough probe into alleged drug trafficking and support for Middle Eastern terror groups by the country's new vice president, Tareck El Aissami.\nEl Aissami has been the target of U.S. law enforcement since his days as interior minister almost a decade ago, and has been tied to bribes paid to officials by the nation's top convicted drug trafficker. He has denied any wrongdoing.\nFILE - Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro, right, and his Vice President Tareck El Aissami participate in a rally in Caracas, Jan. 31, 2017.\nRelations between the U.S. and its staunchest critic in Latin America have been tense for years \u2014 the two countries haven't exchanged ambassadors since 2010. And at Congress' insistence, President Barack Obama sanctioned several top Venezuelan officials for cracking down on opponents or helping smuggle cocaine to the U.S.\nBut Trump mentioned the country only briefly during the campaign. And Secretary of State Rex Tillerson's comments during his confirmation gave little sign of whether he will depart from the Obama administration's relative restraint and call for dialogue between socialist President Nicolas Maduro and his opponents. Venezuela is mired in political gridlock, even as its economy is falling apart.\nAmid such uncertainty, Maduro has taken a softer tack. After blasting Trump as a \u201cbandit\u201d and \u201cmental patient\u201d during the campaign, he's remained silent since, even in the face of the Republican's promise to build a wall with Mexico and freeze immigration from close Venezuelan allies such as Iran and Syria.\n\u201cHe won't be worse than Obama, that's the only thing I dare to say,\u201d Maduro said last month in an appeal to supporters to withhold judgment on the new U.S. leader.\nAccusations in letter\nThe letter, co-written by Rep. Ileana Ros-Lehtinen, R-Florida, the former chair of the house Committee on Foreign Affairs, and Sen. Robert Menendez, D-New Jersey, the ranking member of the foreign relations subcommittee that oversees Latin America, appears intended to force the administration's hand. \n\u201cDecisive, principled action in response to unfolding developments in Venezuela as one of the first foreign policy actions of your administration would send a powerful message to the Maduro regime and the Venezuelan people,\u201d according to the letter, which was signed by an equal number of Democrats and Republicans.\nFILE - In this July 27, 2016, file photo, a woman holds a sign with a message that in reads in Spanish \"Revoke hunger\" during a protest march in Caracas, Venezuela.\nSpecifically, the lawmakers call on Trump to sanction officials responsible for profiting from the dire humanitarian situation. That includes officials in the Venezuelan military who have been put in charge of distributing food, but the AP found that are instead making money from hunger.\n\u201cAn extensive investigative report by the Associated Press in December 2016 exposed what many assumed to be true, that corrupt Venezuelan officials are in fact profiting from the humanitarian struggle in the country,\u201d the letter says.\nIt mentions the AP investigation's findings that two generals, food minister Rodolfo Marco Torres and his predecessor Carlos Osorio, are among military officials trafficking in hard-to-find food for personal profit. Neither official responded to requests for comment, but in the past, both have dismissed charges of corruption as empty accusations propagated by political opponents.\nThe letter also calls on the Treasury Department to issue clarifying regulations to ensure that U.S. companies don't inadvertently fuel graft and benefit from the overpayment of food contracts in violation of the foreign corrupt practices act. Finally, lawmakers are seeking increased U.S. funding for pro-democracy and civil society work in the country.\nSharp criticism\nLawmakers reserved their most-stinging criticism for El Aissami, a hardliner socialist who would take over from Maduro should the president step down or be removed, as his opponents are seeking. El Aissami has been targeted by U.S. law enforcement since almost a decade ago, when dozens of fraudulent Venezuelan passports ended up in the hands of people from the Middle East, including alleged members of Hezbollah. He was also accused in 2011 by one of the nation's top drug traffickers of taking bribes through his brother to allow huge shipments of cocaine to leave from the country's main port.\n\u201cGiven these reports, the deteriorating humanitarian situation in the country, and his prominence in the regime, we urge the appropriate agencies to thoroughly investigate Tareck El Aissami's conduct and activities,\u201d the letter said.\nVenezuela's government has not yet responded to the letter and El Aissami didn't comment when the AP contacted him through his office. El Aissami earlier has denied any wrongdoing and called those who speak ill of him traitors who seek to harm Venezuela.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro, right, and his Vice President Tareck El Aissami participate in a rally in Caracas, Jan. 31, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B891E684-CD13-4346-9EA5-ADAECDBEDC51.jpg",
        "id": "1011_2",
        "answer": [
            "corruption and human rights abuses"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Venezuelan",
            "Venezuela"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_08_3715138",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_08_3715138_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the person second from right in the image believe?",
        "context": "Trump Launches 'Dominant' Energy Policy Focused on Exports\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nPresident Donald Trump on Thursday promoted a \"golden era\" of the U.S. energy business by seeking to assert power abroad through a boost in natural gas, coal and petroleum exports.\nIn what he called a policy of \"energy dominance,\" Trump re-branded efforts to export liquefied natural gas (LNG) to markets in Eastern Europe and Asia that had been set in motion during the previous presidential administration.\nThe United States also will offer to export coal to Ukraine, where energy consumers often have suffered from cuts in natural gas supply by Russia.\n\"We are here today to unleash a new American energy policy,\" Trump said at an event at the Department of Energy attended by oil and coal executives and union members who build pipelines. \"We will export American energy all around the world.\"\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nPresident Trump on the future of America's energy needs\nShare this video\n0:00:42\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:42\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 2.1MB\n360p | 2.8MB\n480p | 12.0MB\nTrump plans to promote U.S. LNG exports at a meeting next week in Warsaw with a dozen leaders from central and eastern Europe, a region heavily reliant on Russian supplies.\nTrump then will meet Russian President Vladimir Putin on the sidelines of a Group of 20 summit in Germany, in the first meeting between the two leaders, coming amid rising tensions over interference in the 2016 U.S. election.\nAfter decades of being a major importer of natural gas, the United States is set to become a net exporter of gas later this year or in 2018 thanks to the boom in fracking in states such as Texas and Pennsylvania.\nThere is currently one operating U.S. LNG exporting facility in Sabine Pass, Louisiana, with four others currently under construction that are expected to become operational between 2018 and 2020.\nAs the United States aims to boost LNG exports, it will compete for markets with Australia, Qatar and Russia, other major gas producers.\nU.S. crude oil exports have also risen after former president Barack Obama signed a law in 2015 allowing the shipments.\n'Hell of a Lot More Friends'\nWhile many of Trump's opponents have said his plan to pull the United States out of the 2015 Paris Agreement on climate has the potential to harm the country's relations around the world, Energy Secretary Rick Perry said at the event that energy exports will strengthen ties with allies.\nThe United States is in a position \"to be able to clearly create a hell of a lot more friends by being able to deliver to them energy and not being held hostage by some countries, Russia in particular,\" Perry said.\nU.S. Energy Secretary Rick Perry speaks at the Department of Energy in Washington, June 29, 2017.\nWhether it is sending LNG to Poland or Ukraine, \"the entirety of the EU totally get it that if we can lay in American LNG ... we can be able to have an alternative to Russia,\" for natural gas sales to Europe, Perry said.\nEarlier this month, Cheniere Energy Inc delivered the first U.S. cargoes of LNG to Poland and the Netherlands.\nThe Energy Department on Thursday approved additional LNG exports from the Lake Charles project in Louisiana, which is under development.\nTrump announced plans to offer coal exports to Ukraine, as well as lift restrictions on U.S. lending for coal projects overseas.\n\"Ukraine already tells us they need millions and millions of metric tons (of coal),\" he said. \"Right now, there are many other places that need it too and we want to sell it to them and to everyone else all over the globe who need it.\"\nThe Trump administration will launch a review of the ailing nuclear power industry, which has experienced a slew of closures due to stagnant electricity demand and low natural gas prices.\nTrump's 2018 budget included $120 million for addressing nuclear waste at Nevada's Yucca Mountain and other projects, but most of the state's politicians oppose that project.\nIn addition, the State Department issued a permit for a NuStar Logistics LP for its New Burgos Pipeline oil product pipeline from the United States to Mexico with a capacity of up to 180,000 barrels per day.\nIn 2016, the United States exported about 879,000 barrels of petroleum products daily to Mexico, more than any other country, according to the Energy Department.\nFor the year, the United States exported 4.7 million barrels a day of products \u2014 including gasoline, diesel and other refined products \u2014 around the world, making it the world's largest exporter of refined petroleum products.\n",
        "caption": "U.S. President Donald Trump participates in a discussion on energy with Energy Secretary Rick Perry (2nd-R), EPA Administrator Scott Pruitt (R), Interior Secretary Ryan Zinke (L) and Vice President Mike Pence (2nd-L), at the Department of Energy in Washin",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/272C06FF-89E4-4830-A2EF-4BFCBB94C7DD.jpg",
        "id": "12299_1",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "energy exports will strengthen ties with allies"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Rick Perry",
            "Rick Perry "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_29_3921975",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_29_3921975_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What are the people in the image with suits planning to do?",
        "context": "UN Security Council to Hold Emergency Meeting After North Korea Missile Test\nWHITE HOUSE \u2014\u00a0\nThe U.N. Security Council is to hold an emergency meeting Tuesday on North Korea's latest missile test.\nThe United States, Japan and South Korea requested the emergency discussions after Pyongyang launched a missile Sunday in an unusual high altitude ballistic path that indicated it might be a new two-stage liquid fueled rocket capable of flying up to 4,500 kilometers. \nSouth Korea said Monday President Moon Jae-in is sending special envoys around the world as the country seeks to strengthen its global ties in the wake of North Korea's latest aggressive missile tests. The Blue House said the envoys will meet with high ranking officials to explain the new South Korean government's policy plans and exchange ideas.\nEarly Monday, North Korea said it successfully conducted a newly developed mid-to-long range missile test, supervised by leader Kim Jong Un and aimed at verifying the capability to carry a \"large scale heavy nuclear warhead.\" The official news agency KCNA said the missile was launched at the highest angle so as not to affect the security of neighboring countries and flew 787 kilometers, reaching an altitude of 2,111 kilometers.\nKCNA quoted Kim as accusing the United States of \"browbeating\" countries that \"have no nukes,\" and warning Washington not to misjudge the reality that its mainland is in the North's \"sighting range for strike.\"\nInternational reaction\nRussia's president said North Korea's latest missile test was \"counter-productive, harmful and dangerous.\"\nSpeaking Monday in Beijing, Vladimir Putin said, \"We are categorically against the expansion of the club of nuclear powers.\"\nHe urged other world leaders to \"stop intimidating North Korea and find a peaceful solution to the problem.\"\nThe test, according to a White House statement, should \u201cserve as a call for all nations to implement far stronger sanctions against North Korea.\u201d\nU.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Nikki Haley said Sunday it is time for many nations to \"send a strong, unified message that this is unacceptable, and I think you'll see the international community do that.\" She said the United States will continue to \"tighten the screws\" against North Korea.\nU.S. President Donald Trump said earlier this month he would be \"honored\" to meet with North Korean leader Kim Jong Un \"under the right circumstances,\" but Haley said that \"having a missile test is not the way to sit down with the president, because he's absolutely not going to do it.\"\nThe United Nations first imposed sanctions against North Korea in 2006 and has strengthened them several times following the communist nation's five nuclear tests and two long-range rocket launches.\nJapan and South Korea also quickly condemned North Korea's action as a grave threat to the region and a violation of U.N. resolutions about North Korea's arms programs.\nJapan\u2019s prime minister, Shinzo Abe, ordered his government to \u201cprepare for all possible contingencies,\u201d according to his office.\nJapan's Prime Minister Shinzo Abe arrives at his official residence in Tokyo, Japan, in this photo taken by Kyodo, May 14, 2017, after South Korea's military said that North Korean had fired an unidentified projectile from a region near its west coast. (Kyodo/via REUTERS)\n\u201cThe launch of such ballistic missiles is a serious threat to our country. The defense ministry and the self-defense forces are continuing to work closely with the United States and South Korea to collect and analyze the information,\u201d Japanese Defense Minister Tomomi Inada told reporters in Tokyo. \u201cWe will make every effort to ensure the peace and security of our country.\u201d\nShe explained it was possibly a new type of missile that was fired in a high-angle orbit, reaching an altitude of more than 2,000 kilometers and flying for 30 minutes, before coming down in the Sea of Japan after a total flight of about 700 kilometers.\nPeople watch a news report on North Korea firing a ballistic missile, at a railway station in Seoul, South Korea, May 14, 2017.\nChina called for restraint to avoid increasing tensions in the region while the Foreign Ministry expressed opposition to Pyongyang\u2019s violation of U.N. Security Council resolutions. Beijing is North Korea\u2019s only major ally and Pyongyang\u2019s key trading partner.\nRussian President Vladimir Putin, who is in Beijing for an international summit, expressed concern about the missile test and the escalation of tensions, according to a Kremlin spokesman.\nThe splash-down point was about 400 kilometers from the east coast of North Korea, according to the Japanese government.\nScientists: Not an ICBM\n\u201cThis is kind of a big deal. But it\u2019s not an ICBM. That\u2019s the good news,\u201d Union of Concerned Scientists co-director David Wright told VOA.\nIf flown on a standard trajectory, the missile fired by North Korea Sunday morning would have a range of up to 4,500 kilometers, according to Wright.\nGuam, an American territory with two large U.S. military bases, is 3,400 kilometers from North Korea and until now had been considered beyond the range of the most powerful rocket North Korea is known to have developed, the Musudan, with a range of about 3,000 kilometers.\nWith this test, North Korea may have leapfrogged its troubled Musudan series of missiles.\n\u201cIt would put together things we\u2019ve seen them doing that they haven\u2019t been able to put together,\u201d Wright explained.\nSouth Korea, US weigh in\nSouth Korean President Moon Jae-in presides over National Security Council at the Presidential Blue House in Seoul, South Korea, May 14, 2017.\nThe U.S. Pacific Command, based in Hawaii, confirmed the rocket launch but said the unidentified projectile did not appear to be large enough to be an intercontinental ballistic missile, a weapon that North Korea says it is developing.\nTrump was briefed about the North Korean launch on the telephone by National Security Advisor H.R. McMaster, a White House official told VOA news.\nThe White House statement, which said \u201cNorth Korea has been a flagrant menace for far too long\u201d also seemed to make an indirect appeal to Moscow for stronger cooperation to counter Pyongyang.\n\u201cWith the missile impacting so close to Russian soil \u2014 in fact, closer to Russia than to Japan \u2014 the President cannot imagine that Russia is pleased,\u201d according to the White House statement issued late Saturday.\nPyongyang addresses Washington\nJust one day earlier, a senior North Korean diplomat had said Pyongyang would be willing to talk with the United States about the two countries\u2019 disputes, under the right conditions.\nChoe Son Hui, the North Korean Foreign Ministry\u2019s director general for U.S. affairs, raised the issue of talks when she spoke with reporters in Beijing while returning home from a trip to Norway.\nSome analysts dismissed Choe\u2019s comment as a long-stated position of Pyongyang, along with its constant belligerent rhetoric toward Washington and Seoul.\nIn the aftermath of the latest North Korean missile launch, meanwhile, American, European and Japanese military units gathered for war games in a group of remote U.S. islands in the Pacific Ocean. The exercises are meant to warn North Korea not to test the allies\u2019 military might.\n",
        "caption": "South Korean President Moon Jae-in presides over National Security Council at the Presidential Blue House in Seoul, South Korea, May 14, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/95B4323F-2AD4-42C9-95AE-CA044B0FE246.jpg",
        "id": "3338_5",
        "answer": [
            "sending special envoys around the world"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "South Korea"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_13_3850802",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_13_3850802_5"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the people in the image do?",
        "context": "Indonesians Air Grievances With Saudi King During Historic Visit\nJAKARTA \u2014\u00a0\nAs Saudi Arabia and Indonesia signed a $1 billion investment deal during King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud's historic visit, many ordinary Indonesians aired their grievances with the desert kingdom. In Jakarta, several dozen protesters brought attention to the ongoing maltreatment of Indonesian migrant workers in Saudi Arabia. Also seeking answers were the families of Indonesian citizens killed in two accidents at the 2015 Hajj in Mecca, who have received no compensation from either government nearly two years after the tragedy.\nThis is the first time a sitting Saudi monarch has visited Indonesia in 47 years, and citizens rolled out the red carpet for King Salman and his entourage of 1,500 in Bogor and Jakarta. But the king is spending the better part of his trip, from March 4 to 9, vacationing in Bali. As he wrapped up his third and last day in Java by leading prayers at Jakarta\u2019s Istiqlal Mosque, aggrieved Indonesians suspect they are still far from resolving their concerns.\nMigrant workers\nAbout three million Indonesian migrants seek overseas work, due in part to high domestic unemployment. Estimates of the number of Indonesian workers in Saudi Arabia differ wildly, from 379,632 (according to the Asian Migrant Center in 2013) to 38,104 (according to Indonesia\u2019s National Agency for the Protection and Placement of Indonesian Migrant Workers in 2014). One reason for this variance is the difficulty of accounting for illegal or undocumented migrants. Indonesia has discouraged its citizens from working in Saudi Arabia due to poor working conditions and some high-profile criminal convictions.\nTwo Indonesian women, Karni Bt. Medi Tarsim, 37, and Siti Zaenab Bt. Duhri Rupa, 47, were separately convicted of murdering their bosses and executed in 2015, which caused a furor in Indonesia. Human rights groups objected to their convictions, citing the dire circumstances that the women claimed provoked their crimes. As of 2013, the majority of migrant workers on Saudi Arabia\u2019s death row are Indonesians, according to the London-based newspaper, The Guardian.\nFILE - Indonesian workers shout slogans during a protest against the alleged abuse an Indonesian maid in Saudi Arabia, outside the Parliament in Jakarta, Indonesia Nov. 23, 2010. Reports of migrant workers being abused by their Saudi employers are rampant, according to rights groups.\nDespite the ongoing debate about the allegedly inhumane working conditions for Indonesian workers in Saudi Arabia - including physical abuse, sexual violence, overwork, and withheld payments - there was no mention of migrant workers in the Memorandums of Understanding signed between Indonesia and Saudi Arabia this week.\nOn Thursday, dozens of activists protested outside the Saudi embassy in Jakarta to lobby for explicit recognition of worker rights during the state visit. About a dozen men were arrested shortly after the protest began and removed from the site by police. The group, which called itself the \u201cBig Family of Indonesian Migrant Workers,\u201d urged King Salman to free 25 Indonesian citizens on death row. Up to 279 Indonesians faced death row as of April 2015, according to a Manpower Ministry official.\nUltimately, activists were largely resigned to the fact that migrant workers were not mentioned in discussions between President Joko Widodo and King Salman.\n\u201cThe eleven MoUs [Memorandums of Understanding] signed on Wednesday focused on economic issues, so they were not the best place in which to discuss human rights,\u201d said Wahyu Susilo, executive director of the advocacy group Migrant Care.\n\u201cBut that\u2019s not to say the government should give up on this issue,\" Wahyu told VOA. \u201cThe Ministry of Foreign Affairs needs to be more proactive about diplomatic protections for Indonesian emigrants. And the Ministry of Finance must supervise the worker recruitment process much more closely.\u201d He said many underage Indonesians, for instance, are recruited with falsified documents and brought unsuspectingly to work in \u201cdangerous countries\u201d like Saudi Arabia.\nSeveral members of Indonesia\u2019s parliament have also appealed to the king to grant clemency to convicted migrant workers and for the government in Jakarta to raise the issue with the visiting monarch. President Widodo\u2019s administration has not commented on the matter and it is not clear if the issue was raised in his private meeting with the king.\nVOA was unsuccessful in its efforts to reach a presidential spokesman for comment. Spokespeople from the Ministry of Religion and Widodo\u2019s office told VOA they were unable to comment on what transpired in the private meeting between the president and King Salman.\nHajj tragedy, quotas\nIn 2015, Indonesians were affected by not one but two deadly accidents related to the Hajj, the annual pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia. One hundred twenty-seven Indonesians were among those killed in a deadly stampede in September and 12 more were killed a week before the Hajj officially started, when a crane collapsed near the Grand Mosque.\nSaudi Arabia promised one million riyals, or about $267,000, as compensation for the 12 Indonesians killed and 49 injured from the crane accident. But nothing has been received as of February 2017, according to the Indonesia daily newspaper, the Jakarta Post.\nFILE - Muslim pilgrims gather around a group of victims of a stampede in Mina, Saudi Arabia, during the annual Hajj pilgrimage, Sept. 24, 2015. A total of 139 Indonisian nationals were killed in Hajj-related incidents that year.\nThe annual Hajj quota is extremely important to Indonesia, the world\u2019s largest Muslim nation. Its current quota is 221,000 people, the most of any country in the world, but some citizens still wait over 20 years for their chance to be a pilgrim. Although Indonesian officials hoped to increase their quota this year, this issue too seems to have been omitted from the agreements signed this week.\nPreserving the quota may have been one reason why Indonesia didn't press Saudi officials harder on compensation for the Hajj victims, said Dadi Darmadi, a researcher at Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University in Jakarta.\n\u201cAny \u2018failed efforts\u2019 at Hajj organization would be unappealing for the masses,\u201d Darmadi told VOA. Since the Hajj has long been a \u201ctop priority\u201d for officials, he said, if they somehow jeopardized the country\u2019s allowance, \u201cpeople could easily think the government is not serious in handling religious affairs\u201d - anathema in the profoundly religious country.\n\u201cI think the Indonesian government is also using political sensibilities not to be too pushy about it \u2026 such a rare visit by King Salman also is like a moment of \u2018unfreezing\u2019 the heat of the political temperature in the country during the [contentious] Jakarta election,\u201d said Darmadi.\nThe Ministry of Religious Affairs reaffirmed its commitment to compensating the accident victims in a comment to VOA. According to a ministry spokesperson, the process has been held up by the fact that all of those affected have not yet submitted their \"victim data\" to the Saudi Embassy.\n\"It's not possible for the Indonesian government to force Saudi Arabia to accelerate the process, because the authority lies with their government,\" the spokesperson said. \"And as per the Minister of Religious Affairs, Lukman Hakim Saifuddin, Raja [King] Salman himself promised to take care of it, eventually.\" He added that the Saudi government has set up a team headed by the Governor of Mecca to work on the cases.\nBesides the unresolved issues raised by labor activists and families of Hajj victims, King Salman\u2019s trip fell short by other metrics. Before his visit, government leaders hoped for investments of up to $25 billion, but ultimately, the king signed only one new deal, for $1 billion, to finance infrastructure and sanitation projects.\n",
        "caption": "Indonesian President Joko Widodo (R) assists Saudi King Salman (C) as they walk during their meeting at the presidential palace in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia, March 1, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/0A299C82-83F6-48ED-918D-948CC93C251D.jpg",
        "id": "15344_1",
        "answer": [
            "signed a $1 billion investment deal",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "King Salman",
            "Indonesian President Joko Widodo (R) assists Saudi King Salman"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_03_3748266",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_03_3748266_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What changed the person on the poster in the image?",
        "context": "Christmas Message Brings Death Threats for Pakistani Activist\nPolice in Pakistan are investigating an activist for alleged \u201chate speech\u201d after he wished Christians in the Muslim nation happy holidays and called for prayers for those charged under blasphemy laws.\nOn Christmas Day, Shaan Taseer posted a video on his Facebook page wishing a Merry Christmas and asking for prayers for those victimized by what he called \u201cinhumane\u201d blasphemy laws.\n'Very credible death threats' \nTaseer's father, Punjab governor Salman Taseer, was gunned down in 2011 by his bodyguard for championing the case of a Christian woman, Asia Bibi, who was sentenced to death under the blasphemy laws, which he said needed to be reformed.\nBibi, a 50-year-old mother of five, has been in prison since June 2009 after being convicted of blasphemy during an argument with a Muslim woman over a bowl of water.\nShaan Taseer, a Muslim, said on Monday that he had received \u201cvery credible death threats\u201d from supporters of the hard-line Muslim philosophy that inspired his father's killer, bodyguard Mumtaz Qadri.\nMass protests in works?\n\"They are sending me Mumtaz Qadri's photos with messages that there are several Mumtaz Qadris waiting for me,\" he said.\nHardliners have called for mass protests if, by Tuesday, police do not charge Taseer with blasphemy against Islam \u2014 a crime punishable by death.\nA spokesman for the hard-line Islamist movement Sunni Tehreek said the group was not calling for Taseer's murder, only his prosecution and eventual execution.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Students chant slogans while holding banners and posters showing Mumtaz Qadri, the alleged killer of Punjab governor Salman Taseer, during a rally to protest against any attempts to modify blasphemy laws, in Karachi, Pakistan, Jan. 20, 2011. Pakistani authorities on Feb. 29, 2016, hanged Qadri, a former police bodyguard. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/3D1DDA86-7EDA-4DB8-BC3D-60433AB82E8E.jpg",
        "id": "23580_1",
        "answer": [
            "the hard-line Muslim philosophy"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Mumtaz Qadri"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_02_3660297",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_02_3660297_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What things were the people in the image hit with?",
        "context": "Fistfights, Obscenities Mar South Africa President's Annual Address\nJOHANNESBURG \u2014\u00a0\nSouth African analysts predicted high drama during this year's state-of-the-nation address. President Jacob Zuma is facing low approval ratings as the nation's economy drags, and his popularity appears to have bottomed out.\nDrama, they got, and then some \u2014 in the form of a brawl, as rowdy, red-uniformed opposition members fought burly, white-shirted security guards Thursday after more than an hour of bitter haranguing, obscenities and vitriol. Outside the parliament building in Cape Town, police fired stun grenades and tear gas at protesters.\nZuma has drawn the ire of the opposition \u2014 and much of the electorate \u2014 after a string of corruption scandals, including his use of more than $20 million in government funds to upgrade his private rural home. His unpopularity, some analysts say, was the driving force behind the ruling African National Congress' loss of several key municipalities in last year's local elections. He also has faced a vote of no confidence, which failed, late last year.\nEconomic woes\nFurthermore, unemployment has risen since he took office in 2009, to 26 percent from 24 percent. South Africa's currency, worth 8 rand to one U.S. dollar when he became president, now hovers around 13 to the dollar. Its instability has been in sync with Zuma's unpopular political moves, like his sudden decision to go through three finance ministers in a week in late 2015.\nThe anger against Zuma was palpable both inside parliament and among protesters who gathered in the streets of Cape Town ahead of the annual speech Thursday. Sensing this, the presidency summoned 441 soldiers to parliament, in a move the office said was necessary for safety and security.\nThat didn't deter the anger inside the chamber.\n\"Please leave!\" yelled far-left politician Mbuyiseni Ndlozi of the Economic Freedom Fighters as Zuma sat calmly and waited for the speaker of the house to try to restore order. \"You don't belong here. You're a constitutional delinquent.\"\n\"This entire gathering is unconstitutional,\" intoned EFF MP and Hollywood actor Fana Mokoena. \"For the first place, it should not be addressed by someone who has flouted his own oath of office!\"\nSouth African President Jacob Zuma, background left, reviews the guard of honor at Parliament in Cape Town, South Africa, Feb. 9, 2017, South African police and military forces on Thursday deployed ahead of Zuma's annual speech before lawmakers.\nTear gas, stun grenades\nBoth men were ejected from the chambers. Outside, police sprayed tear gas and lobbed stun grenades at the restless crowd.\nWhen the dust and gas had settled \u2014 nearly 90 minutes after he was scheduled to begin \u2014 Zuma calmly rose, laughed, coughed, made a joke about feeling the effects of the tear gas, and said one word: \"Finally.\"\nHe then launched into a speech that, despite its lack of oratorical flourishes, was in many ways startling. The ANC has vowed to embark on \"radical economic transformation\" \u2014 a plan that Zuma said could fundamentally shift who owns property in the nation.\n\"We mean fundamental change in the structure, systems, institutions and patterns of ownership, management and control of the economy in favor of all South Africans, especially the poor, the majority of whom are African and female,\" he said.\n\"We are saying that we should move beyond words to practical programs,\" he said. \"The state will play a role in the economy to drive that transformation.\"\nAs he spoke and members of his party clapped politely, local news stations changed to a split-screen view of the scene outside parliament as opposition leaders spoke angrily to TV crews and riot police hovered nearby \u2014 underscoring the fact that the real political action in South African politics is no longer in the halls of parliament. It's on the streets.\n",
        "caption": "Protesters clash with police near parliament in Cape Town, South Africa, Feb. 9, 2017 prior to it's opening and a national address by President Jacob Zuma. Hundreds of armed forces have been deployed to increase security as opposition groups denounce Zuma, saying he should resign.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/4033DCD4-FB3E-449B-BB8C-369D9DE0DA12.jpg",
        "id": "25156_1",
        "answer": [
            "stun grenades and tear gas"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "protesters"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_09_3716507",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_09_3716507_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the party of the person wearing glasses in the image do?",
        "context": "Obscure US Budget Oversight Agency Thrust Into Limelight \nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nAn obscure U.S. agency, the Congressional Budget Office, has been thrust into the midst of the contentious Washington political debate over the fate of the country's health care policies.\nMany Americans outside of official Washington likely have never heard of the 42-year-old agency, a group of about 235 non-partisan budget analysts and economists with advanced university degrees.\nBut the CBO has emerged as a key stumbling block in the path of President Donald Trump and congressional Republicans as they try to repeal and replace the national health care reforms championed by former president Barack Obama, a law popularly known as Obamacare.\nThe CBO regularly turns out apolitical reports analyzing budgetary and economic issues facing Congress as it considers what programs to approve, how much they would cost in coming years and what effects they might have on U.S. economic fortunes and the country's 325 million citizens. Depending on its findings, both Republican and Democratic lawmakers have over the years praised or attacked its findings.\nIt was in this analysis role that the CBO concluded Monday that 24 million Americans would lose their health insurance by 2026 if Trump and his Republican colleagues in Congress are successful in overturning the seven-year-old Affordable Care Act that was Obama's signature legislative achievement.\nThrown into doubt\nThe CBO concluded that the government would save $337 billion with passage of the Republican plan, but it was the possibility of the loss of insurance for millions of Americans that drew the most attention. Trump, in his long run to the White House, had promised \"insurance for everybody,\" but the CBO conclusion threw that vow in doubt.\nU.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services Tom Price, left, and Office of Management and Budget Director Mick Mulvaney speak to reporters after the Congressional Budget Office released its analysis on proposed Republican health care legislation at the White House in Washington, March 13, 2017.\nKey Trump administration officials, including Health and Human Services chief Tom Price and budget director Mick Mulvaney, immediately assailed the CBO conclusion, even though Republican congressional leaders had two years ago hand-picked Keith Hall, a conservative-leaning economist, as the CBO director.\nAt the time, Price said Hall's \"vast understanding of economic and labor market policy will be invaluable to the work of CBO and the important role it will continue to play as Congress seeks to enact policies that support a healthy and growing economy.\"\nOn Monday, Price quickly rebuffed the agency's analysis of the Republican repeal effort.\n\"The CBO report's [insurance] coverage numbers defy logic,\" he said, adding that the review did not cover all aspects of the proposed Republican changes in the law.\n\u2018Just absurd\u2019\nMulvaney declared the report \"just absurd.\"\nCBO reports are often considered as independent and divorced from the often contentious political fights in Washington over the latest legislative proposals. But even before the CBO report was released late Monday, the White House had sought to undercut what it expected would be an adverse conclusion about its efforts to overturn Obamacare.\nTrump spokesman Sean Spicer said last week that the CBO had greatly over-estimated the number of Americans who would buy insurance under Obamacare.\n\u201cIf you're looking to the CBO for accuracy, you're looking in the wrong place,\u201d Spicer contended.\nMeanwhile, opposition Democrats called the CBO finding about millions of Americans losing their health insurance coverage under the Republican plan a signal for the Trump administration and its supporters in Congress to abandon their repeal effort.\n\"The Republicans' own hand-picked CBO director confirmed what Democrats have said all along,\" said Senate Minority Leader Charles Schumer. \"Trumpcare would be a nightmare for the American people, causing tens of millions to lose coverage.\"\n",
        "caption": "U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services Tom Price, left, and Office of Management and Budget Director Mick Mulvaney speak to reporters after the Congressional Budget Office released its analysis on proposed Republican health care legislation at the White House in Washington, March 13, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/78DAFBF2-8554-4A60-AAA6-BE5DD53DF18D.jpg",
        "id": "14220_2",
        "answer": [
            "hand-picked Keith Hall, a conservative-leaning economist, as the CBO director",
            "hand-picked Keith Hall",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Tom Price ",
            "Tom Price"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_14_3765782",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_14_3765782_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who is the enemy of the person with the red tie in the image?",
        "context": "Hungary Re-elects President Ader in Display of Orban's Dominance\nBUDAPEST \u2014\u00a0\nHungarian lawmakers comfortably re-elected ruling Fidesz party veteran Janos Ader as President for another five years on Monday, a sign of Prime Minister Viktor Orban's firm grip on power just over a year before a parliamentary election.\nThe 57-year-old Ader, a lawyer and long-time member of Orban's Fidesz party, has been a strong ally of Orban since being elected for the largely ceremonial role in 2012.\nLawmakers voted 131 in favor of extending Ader's term in a second round run-off after he failed to garner the required two-thirds majority in the first round. Leftist opposition candidate Laszlo Majtenyi, an Orban critic, received 39 votes.\n\"In little over a year you will all face a test. The noise of political debates will amplify over the coming months,\" Ader told parliament before the vote, telling lawmakers to put Hungary's interests first instead of political bickering.\nAder, a reserved career politician with a trademark moustache and a penchant for angling, had provided Orban with a solid backing for his political program apart from occasional road bumps at the most controversial reforms.\nHe had vetoed bills on mandatory voter registration and a proposal to hide nearly a billion euros of central bank funds from public scrutiny, dealing a blow to Orban ally Gyorgy Matolcsy, the Governor of the National Bank.\n\"The president's powers are rather limited and Ader is not expected to challenge the overall policy course of Fidesz,\" said Andrius Tursa at think tank Teneo Intelligence. \"As such, re-election of the incumbent will signal continued Fidesz dominance.\"\nOrban's Fidesz enjoys a comfortable lead in opinion polls, with the Socialist party and nationalist Jobbik vying for the post of Orban's main challenger at a parliamentary election due in April 2018.\nBut many people are undecided, and, in a sign of lurking discontent with Orban' go-it-alone style, an upstart political movement has torpedoed his effort for Budapest to host the 2024 Olympic Games.\nA core element of Orban's agenda to maintain support has been a tough stance on migration, and he is expected to stick to his policies.\nLast week Hungary passed a law to detain migrants in camps on its border, a step which the United Nations said violates European Union law.\n\"In order to distract public attention from pressing domestic problems, such as widespread corruption and the lack of structural reforms, Fidesz will continue to focus its rhetoric on external threats,\" Tursa said.\n",
        "caption": "Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban (C) congratulates re-elected Hungarian President Janos Ader (Front) in the presence of Ader's wife, Anita Herczegh (L), Deputy PM in charge of national politics Zsolt Semjen (Back C), and Fidesz faction leader Lajos Kosa (R) during the plenary session of the parliament in Budapest, Hungary, March 13, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/EDA4AD3E-9F6F-44CF-B821-2468C78F816F.jpg",
        "id": "33655_1_3",
        "answer": [
            "Jobbik"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Orban"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_13_3763743",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_13_3763743_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What are passengers on the vehicles in the image not allowed to bring?",
        "context": "Emirates Cuts Flights to US as Passenger Demand Wanes\nEmirates Airline, the world's biggest international air carrier by traffic, said Wednesday it is cutting flights to five U.S. cities because of a drop in demand since President Donald Trump sought to curb immigration from several Muslim-majority countries and imposed restrictions on passengers carrying electronic devices on flights to the United States. \nThe Dubai-based carrier said that over the last three months, as Trump assumed power in Washington, it has seen \"a significant deterioration\" in bookings to the U.S. It said that \"as any profit-oriented enterprise would,\" it has decided to cut service to the U.S. and instead move flights to other cities across the globe.\nThe U.S. in March cited terrorism threats as it banned air passengers from several Middle Eastern countries, including the United Arab Emirates, from carrying large electronic devices, such as laptops and tablets, in cabins on flights to the United States.\nEarlier, Trump issued two orders, both blocked by U.S. courts, that sought to bar citizens from several majority-Muslim countries from entering the U.S., part of his effort to protect U.S. borders from new terrorist attacks and impose \"extreme vetting\" on immigrants looking to settle in the country.\nThe airline said \"the recent actions taken by the U.S. government relating to the issuance of entry visas, heightened security vetting and restrictions on electronic devices in aircraft cabins have had a direct impact on consumer interest and demand for air travel into the U.S.\u201d\nEmirates said it would trim service next month to two cities in Florida, Fort Lauderdale and Orlando, from daily to five times a week. In June, it plans to cut twice-a-day service to Seattle and Boston to once a day and make the same reduction in flights to Los Angeles in July.\n",
        "caption": "An Emirates plane taxis to a gate at Dubai International Airport at Dubai International Airport in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Emirates Airline, the world's biggest international air carrier by traffic, said Wednesday it is cutting flights to five U.S. cities because of a drop in demand since President Donald Trump sought to curb immigration from several Muslim-majority countries and imposed restrictions on passengers carrying electronic devices on flights to the United States, April 19, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/10852AD5-2303-4E00-8953-5966B25CE40C.jpg",
        "id": "22528_1",
        "answer": [
            "large electronic devices, such as laptops and tablets",
            "large electronic devices",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Emirates plane",
            "flight"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_19_3816963",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_19_3816963_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person with the grey hat in the image do to the other?",
        "context": "Those Caught Up in 1992 LA Riot Reflect on Causes, Changes\nLOS ANGELES \u2014\u00a0\nDee Young remembers April 29, 1992, the way most Americans of a certain age recall Sept. 11 \u2014 it's indelibly etched in his memory as the day his world and that of thousands of others changed forever.\nThe 27-year-old tow-truck driver had stopped for a hamburger at a popular South Los Angeles fast-food joint that afternoon when he saw hordes of shouting, angry people carrying armloads of booze from a liquor store next door.\nHe soon learned he was witnessing the beginning of one of the worst race riots in American history, and it was unfolding in the neighborhood where he rode bikes and flew kites during a childhood he remembers as idyllic.\nThe violence erupted after four white police officers were acquitted of assault and other charges in the beating of black motorist Rodney King, which was captured on video the year before. The footage showed officers repeatedly striking, kicking and using a stun gun on King, even after he was on the ground.\nAlthough the uprising seemed to catch the nation and the Los Angeles Police Department by surprise, longtime residents say tensions had been building in South Los Angeles for years and the King verdict was just the tipping point.\nHere are some of their stories:\nThe tow-truck driver\nYoung, who had stopped for that burger, quickly decided he'd better get out of there.\nIronically, he drove to his family's auto body shop about a mile (1.6 kilometers) away and just a couple of storefronts down from the intersection of Florence and Normandie avenues, streets whose names would become ubiquitous as the riot's flashpoint.\nHe got there moments after black men dragged white truck driver Reginald Denny from his big rig and beat him nearly to death as millions watched in horror on live TV. One of those watching, a black truck driver named Bobby Green, rushed to the intersection and rescued him.\n\u201cIt was chaotic \u2014 cars running lights, people in the middle of the street throwing stuff at cars, people stopping to see what was going on and getting their windows broke,'' Young recalled.\nThe uprising, he realizes now, was the culmination of a downward spiral in South Los Angeles that started 20 years earlier with the rise of white flight, disinvestment and drug-dealing street gangs following the 1965 Watts riots, which began nearby.\nResidents of the predominantly black community had come to complain that police stopped them for no reason other than being black, or in some cases Hispanic. They said white people didn't believe them, and store owners \u2014 many of them recently arrived Korean immigrants who bought modest businesses from the fleeing white owners \u2014 saw them more as shoplifters than shoppers.\nIn the years since 1992, things have gotten \u201c90 percent better,\u201d Young says, adding the neighborhood is getting closer to what he remembers from his childhood of the 1960s and \u201870s.\nYoung, who never left South Los Angeles, has watched the community's demographics change over the years. It's now predominantly Hispanic with a smattering of white arrivals, and he believes that's good.\n\u201cPeople in the neighborhood need to work together \u2014 black, Hispanic, even white people \u2014 and they are coming back here, if slowly but surely,\u201d he says. \u201cIf you all work together, if everybody works together, you can keep the peace.''\nAurea Montes-Rodriguez, executive vice president of Community Coalition, poses for a portrait outside the Community Coalition offices, April 18, 2017, in Los Angeles.\nWalking through fire\nThere may have been a riot going on, but 16-year-old college-bound Aurea Montes-Rodriguez had a field trip to Washington, D.C., to prepare for, so she wasn't about to miss class on April 30, 1992.\nThat's where she was when word came down that things had gotten so bad on the riot's second day that the city was shutting down bus service. She'd have to walk 3 miles (5 kilometers) past scores of burning buildings to get home.\nLater that evening, she and her brother ventured out to look around, only to see a man park his truck outside an electronics store where he planned to steal a TV. Before he could return with it, somebody had stolen his truck.\n\u201cIt was that point we realized just how serious things were, and we made our way back home, and our mom didn't let us out after that,\u201d she recalled.\nAlthough it was frightening, she says now that the uprising didn't really surprise her.\n\u201cI felt that what I was seeing on TV the first night and when I walked through the fires the second day was a civil unrest by people who were fed up believing that the legal system, that the justice system, was going to work for our community,\u201d she said.\nAfter earning a master's degree from UCLA, Montes-Rodriguez decided to return to the neighborhood and do something about the conditions. She went to work full-time 20 years ago for the Community Coalition of South Los Angeles, a publicly funded organization working to mentor students for college and expose them to the arts, provide jobs and better food sources for locals, and bring about better communication between different racial groups and police.\nNow the coalition's executive vice president, she believes it has made a difference.\n\u201cWe as a community have not experienced the sense of hopelessness that we were seeing in the late '80s and leading up to the '92 unrest,\u201d she said. \u201cBut there is still a lot of work that we have to do in terms of law enforcement and police and community relations.\u201d\nWhen the bubble breaks\nWhen she thinks back to what she recalls of the Rodney King riots, Katynja McCory concludes she had been living in a bubble called childhood innocence.\nIt was one that was forever shattered the day her mother told the 13-year-old to get on the floor of their home and stay there, lest she be hit by a stray bullet.\nFor years, McCory was bused more than 40 miles (64 kilometers) to a predominantly white school in the Los Angeles suburb of Calabasas, the only place this granddaughter of sharecroppers from the Deep South now realizes she ever saw white people during her young years.\nAs for memories of the riot, \u201cthe first thing I can tell you I remember is smoke,\u201d she says of the dirty gray haze created by the hundreds of burning buildings.\n\u201cIn Los Angeles, you know how you go outside during wildfire season sometimes and you'll see ash, you'll see certain things in the air? But imagine that like a thousand times more intense.\u201d\nReality began to sink in when she walked around her neighborhood and saw the destruction: \u201cOh, laundromat's gone, won't be doing laundry. Oh, coffee shop's gone, won't be having your morning coffee. Oh, your favorite fast-food place is gone.\u201d\nShe would get on with her life, however, earning a political science degree from UCLA before returning to her old neighborhood as a community organizer and political consultant. She's worked on the campaigns of President Barack Obama and Hillary Clinton, among others.\nJames Oh, owner of Tom's Liquors, poses outside his store at the intersection of Florence and Normandie, April 18, 2017, in Los Angeles.\nThe liquor store owner\nWhen the Community Coalition did a survey in the early 1990s of what South Los Angeles residents thought was the biggest blight on their neighborhood, the assumption was that it would be the crack cocaine epidemic sweeping the area. Instead, it was liquor stores.\nThe community hated them, so much so that rioters burned down about 200 and looted numerous others.\nMany people also were suspicious of the Korean immigrants who ran many of the stores, particularly after one owner shot to death a black 15-year-old girl during a dispute over a bottle of juice weeks after King was beaten.\nSo it seemed strange to some when 68-year-old Korean-American grocer James Oh decided eight years ago he'd take over a neighborhood liquor store. And not just any booze emporium either. He and partners bought Tom's Liquor at the corner of Florence and Normandie.\nThe retired U.S. Army veteran decided he was not only going to make a living there but make a difference while erasing stereotypes about Korean-American businesspeople.\n\u201cIf you invest your money in the community, you have to be involved in the community. Communication is everything,\u201d says the ebullient entrepreneur who greets every customer with a smile and seems to know them all.\n\u201cHey, dog. What's up, homes?\u201d he shouts cheerfully to Vernell Brown, who bellows back, \u201cAll right, man! You go, James\u201d as he picks up a sackful of groceries and the two talk about upcoming neighborhood events.\nMost of those groceries weren't there when he took over the place, Oh says, so he moved out some of the booze to make room (although there's still plenty available) and brought in necessities like milk, eggs and sugar.\n\u201cAt the time, I think there was a lack of communication with the community,\u201d Oh says, discussing the uprising as hip-hop from a radio station blares over the store's PA. \u201cI've changed it here. I have great communication with people.\u201d\nThe only white guy in sight\nPhotographer Bart Bartholomew was on a police ride-along on April 29, 1992, looking to photograph evidence for The New York Times of the presence of a Salvadorian street gang that reportedly was encroaching on local gangs' drug-dealing territory.\nWhen word came that the Rodney King verdict was about to be announced, his escorts quickly took him back to a police station.\nThere, Bartholomew pulled a bulletproof jacket from the trunk of his car and put it on as he heard a cop on the station's roof yell, \u201cThat's a really good idea today.\u201d\nAsked where police believed trouble might start, the officer replied, \u201cA liquor store.\u201d\nA few minutes later, Bartholomew found himself just a block from Tom's. Police attempted to arrest a looter, local residents said they had the wrong guy, a scuffle ensued, and suddenly the cops were hugely outnumbered. They got in their patrol cars and left.\n\u201cWhen they evacuated, I thought they were coming back in riot gear,\u201d said Tim Goldman, who lived just a few blocks away and had stopped to see what was happening. \u201cBut I stayed, and they never came back.\u201d\nSuddenly Bartholomew found himself the only white guy in a crowd of hundreds of angry black people. He was retreating to his car when someone hit him with a two-by-four, shattering his jaw, and others began pounding him and grabbing at his cameras and film. Then he felt the presence of someone else shadowing him.\n\u201cI didn't know who he was, but he felt like a football player. He was big, he was buff, and he was able to push people away from me, and I heard him say, \u2018Let him go. Let him go. He's only doing his job.\u2019\u201d\nBartholomew's protector shoved him into his car and implored him to leave immediately.\n\u201cThere is no doubt I could have easily been killed that day were it not for him getting me into my car,\u201d he says.\nIn this April 19, 2017 photo, Bart Bartholomew, right, who in 1992 was photographing the riots that erupted in Los Angeles after the acquittal of police officers in the Rodney King beating trial, talks with Tim Goldman, a videographer who helped Bartholomew.\nBartholomew\u2019s rescuer\nThey wouldn't meet formally for nearly 25 years, but soon after the riots ended, Tim Goldman would learn Bartholomew was the man he shielded from attackers.\n\u201cBart credited me with saving his life, but I didn't look at it that way,\u201d he says with a chuckle. \u201cI just helped him get out of there.\u201d\nThe Air Force veteran had recently returned to his childhood home after leaving the military. He was hoping he might land a job in Los Angeles with a major airline and was waiting for a call from United Airlines after a promising interview.\n\u201cBut then the riots happened, and I never heard back,\u201d he says quietly.\nHe was listening to a police scanner when he heard about trouble near Florence and Normandie and decided to grab his video camera and check it out.\nSoon after Bartholomew told reporters a big black guy with a video camera had saved his life, they tracked down Goldman, but he declined an interview. Eventually he left Los Angeles, moving to Florida where he worked for 20 years as an event planner.\nAfter recently returning home, and with the riot's 25th anniversary approaching, he agreed with the makers of a documentary that it was finally time he and Bartholomew met. When they did, he was stunned to learn the photographer didn't live in New York but in LA's beachfront neighborhood of Pacific Palisades, where Goldman, now 57, had been bused to the largely white high school as a teenager.\nThe pair found they shared a mutual affection for the area, as well as similar interests in college sports and other subjects.\n\u201cWe've become good friends,\u201d Bartholomew says.\n",
        "caption": "In this April 19, 2017 photo, Bart Bartholomew, right, who in 1992 was photographing the riots that erupted in Los Angeles after the acquittal of police officers in the Rodney King beating trial, talks with Tim Goldman, a videographer who helped Bartholomew.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/02E9401B-3350-4630-8E7C-216790DE3F68.jpg",
        "id": "1864_4",
        "answer": [
            "shielded from attackers",
            "saved his life",
            "shoved him into his car and implored him to leave immediately"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Tim Goldman"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_26_3826836",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_26_3826836_4"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where are people like those in the image doing?",
        "context": "Surge in Venezuela Asylum Requests to US Accelerating\nU.S. data shows that the number of Venezuelans seeking asylum in the United States is accelerating as the oil-rich economy crashes and bloody, anti-government protests roil the nation.\nThe most recent data from Citizenship and Immigration Services show 8,301 Venezuelans requested asylum in the first three months of 2017. That compares to 3,507 in the first quarter of 2016 and puts the country on pace to surpass last year's record of 18,155 requests.\nEven before the latest crackdown on anti-government protests, Venezuelans were fleeing to the U.S. in droves.\nVenezuela last year overtook China as the country with the most people seeking asylum in the U.S. But many arriving were fleeing triple-digit inflation and rampant crime, and therefore don't qualify for refugee status reserved for those escaping political persecution.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Anti-government demonstrators protest President Nicolas Maduro along a highway in Caracas, Venezuela, June 19, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/16263A8F-BD39-4631-8F8D-C3D3FE48335E.jpg",
        "id": "1755_1",
        "answer": [
            "seeking asylum in the United States"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Venezuela"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_20_3908040",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_20_3908040_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the name of the spiritual leader of the people who are mourning in the image?",
        "context": "Egypt Hits Militant Bases in Libya After Attack on Copts\nEgypt answered a bloody machine-gun attack that killed dozens of Coptic Christians Friday with airstrikes on \"terror bases\" in Libya where the militant Islamist gunmen were believed to have trained.\nPresident Abdel-Fattah el-Sissi announced the retaliatory action in a televised address hours after masked gunmen attacked a bus carrying Coptic Christians across the desert to a monastery. Egyptian officials said at least 28 people died at the hands of the gunmen.\n\u201cAn extremely painful strike has been dealt to the bases,\u201d el-Sissi said, referring to the targets in Libya.\n\u201cEgypt will never hesitate to strike terror bases anywhere,\u201d he added. Military officials said camps targeted in Libya had been firmly linked to the men involved in the bus attack, who were widely suspected to be sympathizers of the Islamic State group.\nAuthorities said up to 10 assailants in three pickup trucks attacked about 320 kilometers (200 miles) from Cairo, training machine-gun fire on a bus carrying pilgrims to a remote monastery in Minya state honoring St. Samuel the Confessor, a 7th-century priest. In addition to the 28 people killed, 25 others were wounded.\nThis image released by the Minya governorate media office shows bodies of victims killed when gunmen stormed a bus in Minya, Egypt, May 26, 2017.\nNo claim of responsibility\n\u201cThey used automatic weapons,\" state governor Essam el-Bedawi said. Egyptian television viewers saw images of the bus, its windows shattered, surrounded by police and ambulances.\nThere was no immediate claim of responsibility for the attack, although it bore the hallmarks of Egypt's Islamic State affiliate, which has carried out four attacks on Copts since December. The worst came on April 10, Palm Sunday in the Coptic church calendar, when bombs exploded at two churches, killing 44 worshipers and wounding more than 100.\nEgypt's Copts are the largest Christian community in the Middle East. They have long been a target of Islamist extremism, as well as discrimination by the country's Muslim-majority population.\nThis image released by the Minya governorate media office shows a policeman and a priest next to a bus after militants stormed the bus in Minya, Egypt, May 26, 2017.\nTrump reacts to 'merciless slaughter'\nWorld leaders quickly condemned Friday's attack.\n\u201cThis merciless slaughter of Christians in Egypt tears at our hearts and grieves our souls,\" according to a statement from President Donald Trump released at the White House in Washington. \u201c\u2026 But this attack also steels our resolve to bring nations together for the righteous purpose of crushing the evil organizations of terror, and exposing their depraved, twisted and thuggish ideology.\u201d\nUN Security Council condemns attack\nThe United Nations Security Council condemned \u201cin the strongest terms\u201d what it called a \u201cheinous and cowardly terrorist attack.\u201d\nSecurity Council members said \u201cterrorism in all its forms and manifestations constitutes one of the most serious threats to international peace and security.\u201d\n A statement called on authorities to bring to justice everyone involved in the attack \u2014 organizers, perpetrators, financiers and sponsors.\n\u201cAny acts of terrorism are criminal and unjustifiable, regardless of their motivation,\u201d the Security Council said.\nPope deeply saddened\nFrom the Vatican, Pope Francis said he was deeply saddened to learn of \u201cthe barbaric attack in central Egypt and of the tragic loss of life and injury caused by this senseless act of hatred.\u201d\nThe pontiff visited Egypt last month, refusing to postpone his travel despite security concerns arising from the series of attacks carried out against Copts since December.\nFrancis instead visited one of the bombed churches to denounce violence carried out in the name of God.\nEditor's note: An earlier version of this story erroneously indicated Pope Francis is the leader of Egypt's Coptic Christians. Pope Tawadros II is the leader of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria. VOA regrets the error.\n",
        "caption": "Coptic Christians react after a funeral service for some of the victims of a bus attack, at Abu Garnous Cathedral in Minya, Egypt, May 26, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D1235471-33C3-4160-915B-1FA16590B5E1.jpg",
        "id": "615_1",
        "answer": [
            " Pope Tawadros II",
            "Pope Tawadros II"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Coptic",
            "Coptic Christians"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_26_3872208",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_26_3872208_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Why does the man in the image think his country's neighbor might choose an unfriendly leader?",
        "context": "US Senators in Rare Bipartisan Agreement to Maintain Good Relationship with Mexico\nImagine \"a Hugo Chavez-type leader\" in Mexico, Senator Marco Rubio, a Republican from Florida, posited during a hearing of the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, which he chairs. Invoking the former populist leader of Venezuela was his way of suggesting what might happen if the U.S. fails to keep a good relationship with its neighbor.\n\"Right on our border,\" Rubio continued, \"That's something we have never faced.\"\nMexico will hold a presidential election in 16 months. Rubio's worry, and that of both Democrats and Republicans on his committee, is that worsening relations between the U.S. and Mexico could push voters into supporting a populist candidate.\nFILE - Senator Marco Rubio (R-FL) arrives at the U.S. Capitol in Washington, Nov. 16, 2016.\n\"As Mexico gears up for its own elections in 2018, paying for the wall has driven a growing movement of nationalism that could see political leaders emerge who harbor negative views of the United States,\" said Senator Bob Menendez, a Democrat from New Jersey.\nU.S. President Donald Trump has repeatedly promised to build a wall on the U.S. border with Mexico and \"make Mexico pay for it.\"\nTestifying at Wednesday's hearing entitled \"The U.S.-Mexico Relationship: Advancing Security and Prosperity on Both Sides of the Border,\" former Democratic New Mexico Governor Bill Richardson said the relationship between the two countries is now \"in tatters.\"\nRichardson cited reasons for this: the proposed border wall, the Trump administration's declared intent to renegotiate the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the prospect of stepped up deportations of undocumented Mexicans living in the U.S.\n\"The Mexican people feel insulted,\" he said.\nUrgency on NAFTA\n\"It is vitally important that members of the Senate speak out to explain the vast benefits of the relationship with Mexico,\" said Roger Noriega, a scholar with the right-leaning American Enterprise Institute, who also testified at the hearing.\nHe pointed out that Mexico is the third-largest trading partner of the United States, and that while there is a $60 billion trade deficit in Mexico's favor, many of the goods that Mexico sells to the U.S. have American content.\nFILE - Trucks wait in the queue for border customs control to cross into the U.S. at the World Trade Bridge in Nuevo Laredo, Mexico, Nov. 2, 2016.\nAnd if NAFTA were to be nullified, Mexico might not fare so badly. While the U.S. has free trade agreements with 20 countries, Mexico has free trade agreements with 45.\n\"If we abandon NAFTA, they are all poised to take over,\" said Richardson, adding, \"China will move in.\"\nRichardson said there are good reasons to renegotiate NAFTA. The agreement, which was signed in 1994, could stand to be updated. There was no digital trade then and Richardson said some energy issues need to be brought up to date, as well as worker protections.\nBut he strongly urged that the clock on a 90-day consultation period be started \"sooner rather than later\" to minimize the negative effects of leaving the agreement in limbo with Mexican elections approaching and the U.S. losing leverage. \"Mexico and the U.S. need each other,\" Richardson said. NAFTA \"needs to be revitalized, but very soon.\"\nThe consultation period would be a prelude to renegotiating the agreement.\nWhat can Congress do?\nIn answer to the question asked by Menendez, Richardson said, \"I know the Senate and the House. There's great concern about funding the wall. I hope that is abandoned. I hope the import tax discussion ends.\"\nFILE - U.S. Senator Bob Menendez (D-NJ) speaks at Seton Hall University in South Orange, New Jersey, Aug. 18, 2015.\nIn addition to its role in allocating money, Richardson said Congress can be an advocate. He suggested lawmakers use their influence to persuade Trump to invite Mexican President Enrique Pena Nieto to the U.S. for a symbolically important visit.\nAnd he suggested that the State Department or Department of Commerce take the lead on renegotiating NAFTA.\n\"Keep it out of the White House,\" he said, expressing concern about back-channel discussions between Mexico's foreign minister and Trump son-in-law Jared Kushner.\nAt the hearing's end, Menendez expressed hope that friends in Mexico get a sense that there is a \"bipartisan different view\" toward the challenges that confront the two countries in their relationship.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - U.S. Senator Bob Menendez (D-NJ) speaks at Seton Hall University in South Orange, New Jersey, Aug. 18, 2015.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/71053EF0-86F1-4A2F-BB85-DBA062FBF623.jpg",
        "id": "33072_4",
        "answer": [
            "paying for the wall "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Senator Bob Menendez"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_29_3787838",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_29_3787838_4"
    },
    {
        "question": "What else might the pedestrians see on the road in the image?",
        "context": "Kim Jong Un Opens Complex of N. Korean High-rise Apartments\nPYONGYANG, NORTH KOREA \u2014\u00a0\nNorth Korean leader Kim Jong Un cut a ceremonial ribbon Thursday to mark the opening of a major new city development project in Pyongyang.\nA series of skyscraper apartment blocks have been put up in just over a year along Ryomyong Street, which runs out of downtown Pyongyang, past North Korea's top university and down to the palace where the country's past leaders are kept embalmed.\nOne of the apartment buildings is Pyongyang's tallest, at 70 stories.\nNorth Koreans walk past Ryomyong Street, the newest residential development in Pyongyang, North Korea, April 11, 2017. North Korean Premier Pak Pong Ju told the Supreme People's Assembly that a priority for the Cabinet this year would be improving the cou\nThough Kim attended the opening he did not make a speech. North Korean Premier Pak Pong Ju said the project \"incorporates the latest architectural science and technology, including solar and geothermal technology, and the greening of roofs and walls.\"\nThe construction has gone on at breakneck speed, interrupted only by flooding in northeastern North Korea last autumn, when resources where temporarily diverted to reconstruction of homes there.\nSaturday marks the 105th birthday of national founder Kim Il Sung, and North Korea has a history of connecting landmark construction projects to important dates.\nThe most recent previous example is another new street, Mirae Street. It was built in time for the 65th anniversary in 2015 of founding of North Korea's ruling Worker's Party.\n",
        "caption": "North Koreans walk past Ryomyong Street, the newest residential development in Pyongyang, North Korea, April 11, 2017. North Korean Premier Pak Pong Ju told the Supreme People's Assembly that a priority for the Cabinet this year would be improving the cou",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/877C6E7C-AF03-4B10-A931-22C40AE2FDE2.jpg",
        "id": "21128_2",
        "answer": [
            "North Korea's top university and down to the palace where the country's past leaders are kept embalmed"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Ryomyong Street"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_13_3808415",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_13_3808415_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What events shaped the foundation of the group in the image?",
        "context": "Officials: NAACP to Seek New Leader, New Vision\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nNAACP President Cornell William Brooks will not be returning as the leader of the nation\u2019s oldest civil rights organization after his contract expires this summer, officials said Friday. \nBrooks has been the NAACP\u2019s leader since 2014 but will not be kept on past June 30, the end of his current term. NAACP Board Chairman Leon W. Russell and Vice Chair Derrick Johnson will lead the organization until a new president is selected. \nRussell and Johnson announced what they described as a \u201ctransformational, system-wide refresh and strategic re-envisioning\u201d for the NAACP in a Friday evening conference call with reporters. \n\u201cWe understand and appreciate the historic model of protest, but at this point in time we believe as an organization we need to retool to become better advocates, better at educating the public, better at involving them in our operation\u201d and better at legislation and litigation, Russell said. \nNational search for leader\nRussell, who was made the Baltimore-based organization\u2019s board chairman in February, praised Brooks\u2019 leadership and said the NAACP remained at the forefront of civil rights activism in the United States. \n\u201cHowever, modern-day civil rights issues facing the NAACP, like education reform, voting rights and access to affordable health care, still persist and demand our continued action,\u201d he said. \nA national search for a new leader was expected to begin this summer. \nIn addition, the NAACP planned to embark on a \u201clistening tour\u201d this summer to solicit input on how the organization should reinvent itself. \nBrooks, the NAACP\u2019s 18th national president, replaced interim leader Lorraine Miller. Miller had served in that position since Benjamin Jealous ended his five-year tenure in 2013. \nBrooks, a minister, is originally from Georgetown, South Carolina. It was not immediately known what his future plans were. \nMembers of the Black Lives Matter protest movement speak with reporters on the Hofstra University campus ahead of Monday night's first presidential debate (B. Allen/VOA)\nBlack Lives Matter\nThe NAACP found itself battling for attention from black youth with groups like Black Lives Matter, which rose to prominence behind street-level protests after the killings of African-American men and women by police, including 18-year-old Michael Brown at the hands of a white police officer in Ferguson, Missouri. \nCatherine Flowers, founder of the Alabama Center for Rural Enterprise, an organization that advocates for poor and black people living in rural areas, said she wasn\u2019t surprised at the coming change. \n\u201cI would like to see more of a grassroots effort\u201d by the NAACP, she said. \u201cClearly, on a national level we\u2019re at a crisis and it calls for a new kind of leadership.\u201d \n",
        "caption": "Members of the Black Lives Matter protest movement speak with reporters on the Hofstra University campus ahead of Monday night's first presidential debate (B. Allen/VOA)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B323DD85-4042-4F05-84E9-72F91185E14C.jpg",
        "id": "26852_2",
        "answer": [
            "the killings of African-American men and women by police"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Black Lives Matter"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_20_3863086",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_20_3863086_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who is the person on the sign in the image in contact with?",
        "context": "From Hiding, Journalist Who Exposed Chechnya's Gay Purge Sees 'Culture of Impunity' Ending\nAfter breaking the story about the systemic torture and extrajudicial killings of gay men by Chechen security officials in an unofficial prison outside Grozny, Elena Milashina of the Russian-language Novaya Gazeta newspaper has been forced into hiding.\nFaced with a fatwa by Chechen clerics who have vowed to kill the reporter along with any journalists associated with her publication, Milashina recently agreed to speak with VOA from an undisclosed location via Skype.\nLike her late colleague Anna Politkovskaya, the Novaya Gazeta investigative reporter who was gunned down in the doorway of her Moscow apartment building in 2006, Milashina has reported on numerous human rights violations under Chechnya's pro-Kremlin leader, Ramzan Kadyrov.\nAlthough the Russian Embassy in Israel on Thursday said a recently completed Kremlin probe had disproved Milashina's report, the gruesome details of covert Chechen concentration camps for gays have been corroborated by multiple international news outlets and human rights organizations.\nFILE - Then-First lady Michelle Obama, left, and Secretary of State John Kerry, right, honor Russian human rights activist, journalist Elena Milashina, with a Secretary of State\u2019s International Women of Courage Award during a ceremony at the State Department in Washington.\nSaying she was prepared to die in the line of journalistic duty, Milashina told VOA why Chechnya's treatment of gays marked the end of a Kremlin-backed \"culture of impunity\" that has flourished in the deeply conservative, predominantly Muslim North Caucasus republic, which she describes as Kadyrov's own feudal kingdom.\nThe following transcript has been edited for brevity.\nVOA: As someone who has covered Chechnya since 2004, how does this latest story on Chechen human rights abuses stand apart? What has the impact been regionally?\nElena Milashina (EM): This was about a campaign in Chechnya that was organized in the end of February and lasted throughout the whole of March against men in Chechnya who were suspected of being gay. And this was the only reason they were legally detained and put in secret prisons and tortured, and some of them were killed. The only reason why they were tortured with electricity twice daily was to get information about other gays. This is the only reason. First of all, we were able to save a lot of people by eventually publishing a hotline for victims, through which some gay man began applying for help. So far, we've saved more than 100 people who were tortured and detained and had other problems with the Chechen police. Now they're in a safe place, and now we're trying to help them escape Russia. That's the main result.\nThe other result is that the whole world, through this story, has refocused on human rights [abuses against] the Chechen people, and what kind of regime the Kremlin has established there over the past decade. It has also put pressure on the Russian government to start preliminary steps toward an investigation that may lead to a criminal case, which would be the first time that's happened since Kadyrov has ruled over Chechnya. And that's the biggest result.\nVOA: Do you think most people understand what is happening in Chechnya? That it has basically become a state within a state?\nEM: In Russia, people understand. And that's why Chechnya continues to be a high-level news item in Russian media. Because people in Russia are very afraid of Kadyrov's Chechen regime; they're afraid of Kadyrov himself and his [officials], their ability to go anywhere and commit crimes without punishment. This fear explains their interest in news from Chechnya, and the Russian government understands this. I'm very sure about this.\nAs for international society and governments: Just over the past two years we've seen this huge number of Chechen refugees trying to get to Europe. And European countries won't give them visas. They don't want to let them in. [European officials] were saying, actually, that Chechnya is a peaceful region, that there is no war there, everything is good, that life is OK, and so [the refugees] should go back. Now, after this story, nobody is saying this anymore.\nFILE - Russian President Vladimir Putin, left, meets with Chechnya's regional leader Ramzan Kadyrov in the Kremlin in Moscow, Russia, April 19, 2017.\nVOA: How are gay people living today in Chechnya now? Those who didn't escape?\nEM: They're in hiding. They trust no one, and it's very hard to convince them to contact the hotline we arranged for victims. They're terrified, and I think they're still in grave danger. When Chechen authorities decide to do something, they will do it no matter what. So, if they decide to cleanse Chechen society of gays, they will do it, and nobody can push them not to do this. Even if they're stopped, [Chechen authorities] will wait for a while, then start again. There is a big threat for Chechen gays, and the Chechen gays understand this. That's why a lot of them call us for help, but still there are a lot of gay Chechens in hiding who trust nobody but themselves, who try to manage their problems alone.\nVOA: Many people outside Chechnya, accurately or not, still think of Chechnya as only a breeding ground for radical Islamist militants. Some critics of Kadyrov have said he abuses the counterterror mandate to attack anyone he chooses. But does domestic terrorism remain a problem, or is it time to look at this from a different angle?\nEM: I would say that this cliche is coming away because the level of terroristic threats have been coming down for the whole North Caucasus region, and we have far fewer attacks than we used to have. And now a lot of Russians are scared of Chechen people, because it's the Russian opinion that Chechens can do anything and get away with it. For Russian society, this is scarier than terrorism.\nVOA: You've seen many horrifying stories in Chechnya over the past 12 years \u2014 people disappearing, people tortured, families torn apart. As such, did this story still shock you?\nEM: For me, it doesn't matter if the person is gay or suspected of being a terrorist or a Salafist or a drug user. I see them all equally because, in Chechnya, all those people can be illegally detained, tortured, even killed. I see how this situation is developing. For me, the attacks on gays by Chechen authorities is a logical end to the culture of impunity. When a lot of other Chechens were detained, tortured, killed \u2014 the world was silent. But this crime is something special. We've never had this in Russian history; we've never had this in the history of Russian-Chechen relations \u2014 during two wars, even. This is a crime against humanity. Because this was sanctioned by authorities, because it was produced by Chechen police, and because of the motive \u2014 that the only guilt of these people is that they are gay \u2014 it is an absolutely textbook definition of a crime against humanity. And I don't think Russian authorities understood this from the beginning, but now they're starting to realize that if they won't do anything about this, they are implicitly covering up crimes against humanity. And, if that's the case, nobody can know what's next in Chechnya. As I said, it was a logical, step-by-step situation development in Chechnya. It went from targeting anyone suspected of being terrorists to targeting gays.\nVOA: Do you see other groups or minorities being threatened?\nEM: It depends on Ramzan Kadyrov, whatever or whomever he would like to target next. If he decides it's Chechen lesbians, then we'll have a campaign against Chechen lesbians. If he decides tomorrow that the target is children whose drawings offend him. ... Anything can be a target, because only one man is deciding. That is the problem of Chechnya. One man can order his police or his army to take, detain and torture people \u2014 and for what? For whatever he deems harmful to Chechen traditions.\nVOA: About your personal safety: Have things improved? Can you work or even go out in the open?\nEM: The problem is that no matter what President Vladimir Putin might tell Ramzan Kadyrov about stopping aggressive behavior toward journalists, we're not sure whether Kadyrov would obey, because of his impunity. So we're not sure about our safety, because we're not sure if [Kadyrov is] even under control. That's why we're deciding to take security measures. I actually moved out of the country for a while. I will definitely continue developing this story on gays in Chechnya, and we'll continue our work covering Chechnya, but we're taking measures.\nThis report originated in VOA's Russian service.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A member of the LGBT community holds a placard with the picture of Russia's President Vladimir Putin during a protest outside the Russian Embassy against discrimination and violence aimed at gays in Chechnya and other regions of Russia, in Mexico City, Mexico, April 19, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/088059AD-10F3-4998-9F88-C1544FBBA1B3.jpg",
        "id": "32250_1",
        "answer": [
            "Ramzan Kadyrov"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "President Vladimir Putin"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_16_3853343",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_16_3853343_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who did the person with glasses in the image team with?",
        "context": "Contentious Jakarta Election Finally Called for Challenger\nJAKARTA \u2014\u00a0\nAfter a racially and religiously-charged election that resulted in a runoff, Jakarta finally has a new governor and Indonesia is facing the reality that political Islam has entered the public discourse in a way unprecedented in modern Indonesian politics.\nAnies Baswedan, a university rector and former minister of education and culture, handily beat Chinese-Christian Basuki \u201cAhok\u201d Tjahaja Purnama, who became acting governor after his boss, Joko \u201cJokowi\u201d Widodo, won the 2014 presidential election.\nAhok was widely popular until September 2016, when he quoted the Quran at a campaign speech in the Thousand Islands fishing region, and Islamist hardliners seized upon a video clip of it to charge him with blasphemy. The formerly fringe group known as the Islamic Defenders\u2019 Front (FPI) organized two enormous protests in Jakarta, where they called for Ahok to be jailed and even killed.\nThose demonstrations pushed the national police to charge him with blasphemy in November, which means he was on trial while campaigning for re-election.\nThe case would have created a political quandary had Ahok won the race; could he, for instance, govern from jail? That\u2019s no longer in question, but the final verdict won\u2019t be delivered for another few weeks.\nJudges are expected to show leniency given his loss, and this week, the prosecution floated a light sentence of two years probation, without jail time. The FPI, however, is still lobbying for the maximum sentence of five years in jail.\nAnies Baswedan, center, and his family show their ink-dipped fingers after voting in the local election in Jakarta, Indonesia, April 19, 2017.\nPolitical Islam normalized\nAlthough 87 percent of Indonesians are Muslim, its government is formally secular and its constitution protects six religions, giving no special status to Islam (as in neighboring Malaysia).\nBaswedan, formerly known as a centrist moderate, allied with the FPI and religious hardliners throughout his campaign. When Baswedan won on Wednesday, he explicitly praised Islamic clerics (ulama) and teachers (kyai), and his campaign leader, Mardani Ali Sera, praised FPI and its incendiary leader, Habib Rizieq, as important \u201cpillars of this victory.\u201d\n\u201cPeople were intimidated [throughout this campaign] with propaganda of 'Bela Islam,' 'Hell vs. Heaven', and 'Us vs Them,'\u201d said Alissa Wahid, a leader of Nahdlatul Ulama, Indonesia\u2019s largest moderate Muslim organization. \u201cAnd threats of becoming outcasts in their immediate kampung,\u201d or neighborhood, said Wahid. \u201cMuslims who voted for Ahok felt they would attract social stigma.\u201d\nWahid said this was a bad omen for the 2019 presidential election, when Jokowi will run for re-election. Ahok\u2019s loss is seen as a hit for Jokowi, as the pair led Jakarta together and remain close. Baswedan\u2019s victory is also being celebrated by Jokowi\u2019s 2014 presidential opponent, Prabowo Subianto.\nRecent links have emerged about a loose coalition of anti-Ahok and anti-Jokowi forces, including Prabowo; Fadli Zon, vice speaker of the Indonesian House of Representatives; billionaire Hary Tanoe; and the Indonesian military.\nJakarta Governor Basuki \"Ahok\" Tjahaja Purnama, his wife Veronica and son Nicholas, left, cast their ballots at a polling station during the runoff election in Jakarta, Indonesia, April 19, 2017.\nUnique candidate\nThat said, Ahok\u2019s loss did not merely fall along sectarian lines. Plenty of Jakartans had grievances with Ahok\u2019s pugnacious governing style, like the thousands of poor people who were evicted from their homes to make room for redevelopment. These citizens, from seaside neighborhoods like Pasar Ikan and Luar Batang, enthusiastically joined the FPI rallies last fall and fervently campaigned against Ahok in recent months.\nIn Rumah Susun, a low-income apartment where Ahok forcibly relocated hundreds of poor East Jakarta residents, Baswedan won 93 percent of the vote.\nPolitical analyst Philips J. Vermonte, writing in the Jakarta Post, also explained how Ahok\u2019s electability was never secure even before the blasphemy case, because his favorability rating never rose above 50 percent, even as his performance ratings were high.\nAnd although racism became regrettably and unprecedentedly public this year, anti-Chinese sentiment is not new in Indonesia. Even during Jokowi\u2019s gubernatorial campaign, groups like FPI made racially charged attacks on Ahok.\nThe difference is that they didn\u2019t stick at the time, but perhaps that\u2019s because their ticket was headlined by a Javanese Muslim. Ahok has never faced a true election in Jakarta \u2014 he comes from the small province of Bangka-Belitung \u2014 and he likely always faced steep odds.\nIan Wilson, a Murdoch University researcher who has worked extensively on urban poverty in Jakarta, thinks both candidates ignored economic inequality, which left the field open for sectarian baiting.\n\u201cDespite the seeming differences between the Ahok and Anies camps, reproduced over and over in commentary as one between 'pluralism' vs \u2018sectarianism,\u2019 the coalitions surrounding each of the two candidates consists of the one percent; some of the richest people in the country, all of whom have benefited significantly from the same economic conditions that have left millions of Indonesians in or near poverty,\u201d Wilson told VOA.\nThat is to say, in Indonesia, like many other places in the world, economic populism is enmeshed with resurgent identity politics. Jakarta just joined the list of regions wracked by exhausting elections, whose winners have a rather long road ahead.\n",
        "caption": "Gubernatorial candidate Anies Baswedan, center right, hugs his running mate Sandiaga Uno during a press conference in Jakarta, Indonesia, April 19, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/4B5698D1-4847-4793-B59F-75C93C09406B.jpg",
        "id": "21583_1",
        "answer": [
            "FPI and religious hardliners",
            "None",
            "the FPI and religious hardliners"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Baswedan",
            "Anies Baswedan"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_21_3819864",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_21_3819864_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person wearing the blue tie in the image doing?",
        "context": "Chances of May-DUP Deal \u2018Very Good,\u2019 Lawmaker Says\nLONDON \u2014\u00a0\nThere is a very good chance that British Prime Minister Theresa May will strike a deal with Northern Ireland\u2019s Democratic Unionist Party by next Thursday to prop up her minority government, a senior DUP lawmaker said Thursday.\nWhen asked what the chances were of a deal by next Thursday, DUP lawmaker Jeffrey Donaldson, told BBC radio: \u201cI think very good,\u201d adding \u201cthe sooner the better.\u201d\nAfter her botched gamble on a June 8 snap election deprived her Conservative Party of a majority in the 650-seat Parliament, May is trying to get the support of the DUP\u2019s 10 lawmakers to avoid a second election.\nSince talks began with the DUP almost two weeks ago in the chaos following May\u2019s unexpected loss of her majority, the negotiations have followed an uncertain course with conflicting signals about whether a deal would be struck.\nDonaldson, who is helping to lead the detailed talks from the DUP side, told Ireland\u2019s RTE that talks had made progress and that he hoped for a deal before a vote on May\u2019s legislative plan which is due next Thursday.\n\u201cThey\u2019re (talks) going well, we\u2019ve made progress and I\u2019m hoping we\u2019ve an agreement before voting on the queen\u2019s speech,\u201d he said.\nMay, the Conservatives and the DUP have much to lose without a deal: May could be out of a job, the Conservatives could face another election, and the DUP would lose its best chance in decades to secure more financing for Northern Ireland.\nWhen asked whether May would still be prime minister at the end of this year, her finance minister Philip Hammond told the BBC: \u201cYes I do.\u201d\n\u201cThe prime minister is moving this process, the agreement process, forward,\u201d Donaldson said. \u201cShe\u2019s engaged now and we welcome that, and I think that since that has happened we have been moving forward.\u201d\nStill, there is brinkmanship on both sides.\nThe DUP, which won 292,316 votes in the election, does not want to sink May\u2019s government because it fears Jeremy Corbyn, who has in the past appeared beside their Irish nationalist opponents Sinn Fein, could get into power.\n\u201cI\u2019ll say this about Ulster men and Ulster women, we are no pushover,\u201d he said.\n",
        "caption": "Democratic Unionist Party members Jeffrey Donaldson (center) and Jonathan Bell (right) along with Mervyn Gibson (left) Senior member of the Orange Order arrive for the final day of talks at the Stormont Hotel, Belfast, Northern Ireland, Dec. 30, 2013. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/4813283E-375E-4E2A-8E22-E143D9F2143F.jpg",
        "id": "15081_1",
        "answer": [
            "helping to lead the detailed talks from the DUP side",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Jeffrey Donaldson",
            "Donaldson"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_22_3911131",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_22_3911131_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in the middle of the image call for?",
        "context": "Turkish Referendum Result Sparks Peace Process Speculation\nISTANBUL \u2014\u00a0\nObservers say one of the few positives that supporters of President Recep Tayyip Erdogan took from the controversy-marred narrow referendum victory last week was the widely touted bump in support from southern Turkey's restive predominantly Kurdish region.\nCritics say that bump had more to do with fraud and intimidation, but Erdogan advisers and members of his ruling AK Party argue it signifies a sea change in Kurdish sentiments toward the president and away from separatist politics.\n\u201cThe Kurds stood next to Erdogan at a critical turning point,\u201d wrote Abdulkadir Selvi, an influential columnist with Hurriyet newspaper, who added that \u201cthese results have reminded the ruling party of its historical responsibility in the solution to the problem.\u201d\nAdding to the weight of Selvi's words is that fact that he is widely seen as being close to Erdogan.\n\u201cKurds saved Erdogan, coalition with nationalists failed. Erdogan needs to pay back this favor,\u201d tweeted Altan Tan, a parliamentary deputy from the pro-Kurdish HDP party, highlighting the widely held belief that Erdogan\u2019s strategy of courting Turkish nationalist voters in the referendum failed.\nFILE - Pro-Kurdish politicians Sirri Sureyya Onder (R), Pelvin Buldan (L) and Altan Tan (C), are surrounded by media members before leaving for Imrali island in Istanbul, Feb. 23, 2013.\nBut many within the pro-Kurdish movement remain deeply skeptical there has been any momentous change in policy, \"No one really believes that,\u201d said Ertugrul Kurkcu, an HDP deputy and its honorary president, dismissing any hopes for a new peace process. He argued that actions speak louder than words.\n\u201cThe day after the referendum they arrested another HDP MP in Mus,\" he said. \"Who is is going to make peace with whom? The government with their local henchmen will make a peace process? This is something very amusing, in fact.\"\nThe \"henchmen\" Kurkcu is referring to is Huda Pa, a hardline Kurdish Islamist party that strongly backs Erdogan.\nTurkish security forces continue to crackdown on the PKK, the outlawed Kurdish insurgent group, claiming this week to have killed more than 50 rebels. But Friday saw the unexpected release from jail of two HDP parliamentary deputies. A dozen more remain in jail, including the party's co-leaders. Last week also saw the PKK call off a prison hunger strike.\nErdogan has presided over previous peace efforts, and while they ultimately failed, his efforts were initially rewarded by a surge in support from Kurdish voters. Analysts suggest that, given the animosity between Erdogan and the HDP \u2014 in particular, its imprisoned leader \u2014 peace efforts could circumvent the party and involve direct talks with imprisoned PKK leader Abdullah Ocalan. That is what occurred in previous attempts at negotiations, the last of which ended in 2015 amid mutual recriminations.\nFILE - People hold posters of jailed PKK leader Abdullah Ocalan and PKK flags as they gather outside the headquarters of pro-Kurdish Democratic Regions Party, DBP, on the17th anniversary of Ocalan\u2019s expulsion from Syria, in Diyarbakir, Turkey, Oct. 9, 2015.\nThe PKK has been fighting for greater minority rights and regional autonomy since 1984. The conflict has claimed over 45,0000 lives.\nObservers say Turkey's presidential and general elections in 2019 could provide a powerful impetus toward peace efforts, in Erdogan's calculations.\n\"If Turkey is able to go back to that environment of seeking a negotiated solution to the Kurdish problem, then this would not only have a positive impact regarding stability at home,but surely enhance Turkey\u2019s diplomatic hand abroad,\" said Sinan Ulgen, a visiting scholar at Carnegie Europe in Brussels. \"From there on, Turkey could adopt different policies toward the PYD.\"\nThe PYD is the main pro-Kurdish party in Syria, which Ankara designates as a terrorist organization, linking it to the PKK. The PYD militia, the YPG, forms the backbone of the Syrian Democratic Force that is fighting Islamic State and is militarily backed by Washington.\nThat support remains a major point of tension between the NATO allies, and is expected to top the agenda when U.S. President Donald Trump meets Erdogan next month in Washington.\nFILE - Kurdish fighters from the People's Protection Units (YPG) stand near a military vehilce in the southeast of Qamishli city, Syria, April 22, 2016.\nMany predict Trump will press Erdogan to change his stance towards the Syrian Kurdish forces, which would likely pave the way to an enhanced U.S.-Turkish relationship, a top Erdogan priority. But hawks within the Turkish presidency are pressing for military incursions into Syria and Iraq against the PKK.\n\u201cAKP is not on its own when speaking about the PKK,\u201d said HDP deputy Kurkcu. \u201cThey have made a coalition with the MHP [Turkish nationalist party], they have made a coalition with the hardliners in the army. Therefore, this coalition does not allow for any reconciliation in this respect.\u201d\nErdogan has repeatedly threatened new cross-border operations against the PKK, and local reports say military preparations are already underway. But observers suggest Erdogan is likely still digesting the lessons of the referendum and has not yet decided on his future strategy.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Pro-Kurdish politicians Sirri Sureyya Onder (R), Pelvin Buldan (L) and Altan Tan (C), are surrounded by media members before leaving for Imrali island in Istanbul, Feb. 23, 2013.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/E8F14522-4FC9-4166-A4BD-17B15697E4DA.jpg",
        "id": "17621_2",
        "answer": [
            "Erdogan needs to pay back this favor",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Altan Tan"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_24_3823390",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_24_3823390_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in the right of the image stick to?",
        "context": "Showdown in Indonesia Brings World\u2019s Biggest Gold Mine to Standstill\nJAKARTA \u2014\u00a0\nThe American mining company Freeport-McMoRan has brought the world's biggest gold mine, in the Indonesian province of West Papua, to a standstill. The corporation is butting heads with the Indonesian government over protectionist mining regulations. And now that Freeport has started to dismiss tens of thousands of workers, the local economy is poised to take a huge hit. In Mimika Regency, the West Papua province containing the Grasberg gold mine, 91 percent of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is attributed to Freeport.\nFreeport Indonesia abruptly stopped production on February 10 and laid off 10 percent of its foreign workers. It employs 32,000 people in Indonesia, about 12,000 of whom are full-time employees. The freeze was a reaction to a shakeup in Freeport\u2019s 30-year contract with the Indonesian government, signed in 1991. Indonesia has tried to levy additional obligations from Freeport in an attempt to increase domestic revenue from its natural resources. Freeport retaliated last week by threatening to pursue arbitration and sue the government for damages.\nThe Indonesian Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources could not be reached for comment on the issue.\nObservers on the ground in Papua and from afar in Jakarta worry the shakeup will decimate the local economy and lead to violence in the historically unstable region. West Papua has long been a troubled territory in Indonesia and its independence movement has long been met with brutal military action.\nActivist concerns\n\u201cI don\u2019t think the government comprehended the social impact of the Freeport freeze in Mimika,\u201d said Octovianus Danunan, editor of the Radar Timika, a local newspaper. \u201cFreeport runs two hospitals here, gives hundreds of scholarships to local students, and of course, provides jobs to thousands of Papuans. With these layoffs, people are extremely worried; their lines of credit are vanishing as we speak.\u201d\n\u201cThese layoffs have eliminated the livelihoods of a lot of people,\u201d said John Gobai, a member of the Papua parliament. \u201cWe have heard from indigenous people here in Timika [the site of Freeport facilities] that people are becoming sick from stress. They are falling into an abyss of stress.\u201d\nAccording to an internal Freeport report from 2015, about 36 percent of its full-time employees are native Papuans.\nFILE - Freeport McMoRan Copper & Gold Inc.'s workers await bus at Gorong Gorong station in Timika, Papua province, Indonesia, Jan. 3, 2012.\n\u201cI suspect that, because they may lose their jobs, many employees will want to stage demonstrations\u2026 but then, ironically, they will be laid off because that\u2019s the state policy. I think this whole situation is a human rights violation,\u201d said Gobai.\n\u201cViolence is a very big possibility,\u201d said Andreas Harsono, a Human Rights Watch researcher. \u201cTimika is the wild, wild east of West Papua. It's the location of more than 3,500 security officers stationed along the 90-mile mining road, not to say Papuan guerrillas and hundreds of military deserters, all looking for a slice of the gold and copper mine. Shooting along the road is a regularity rather than an irregularity. I cannot imagine the situation if Freeport goes ahead with dismissing all 30,000 mining workers there.\u201d\nGobai said there have already been some protests on Freeport headquarters and he expects there will be more going forward.\nFreeport\u2019s CEO Richard Adkerson told Reuters that the company was committed to staying in Indonesia, not least because about one-third of West Papua\u2019s economy comes from the Grasberg mine.\nFreeport\u2019s history in Indonesia\nOn February 12, Adkerson issued a hard 120-day ultimatum to the Indonesian government to back down on its new demands or else face arbitration from the mining giant.\nFreeport\u2019s involvement in Indonesia dates back to the Suharto military dictatorship, which signed over 250,000 acres of West Papuan territory in 1967.\nFreeport was the first foreign company to sign a contract with the new Indonesian government and, due in part to this history, it is now the single largest employer in all of Indonesia.\nThe company enjoyed a complicated special relationship as a \u201cquasi-state organization for Jakarta,\u201d as Inside Indonesia details, throughout the Suharto era, but the relationship has cooled under subsequent, democratically elected presidents.\nRichard C. Adkerson (R) Director President and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Freeport-McMoran Inc and former CEO of PT. Freeport Indonesia Chappy Hakim (L) pose for photographers after a press conference in Jakarta on February 20, 2017. US mining giant Freeport-McMoRan announced on February 18, the head of its Indonesian unit had resigned amid a row with the government that has halted production at a major copper mine.\nThe friction that led to this month\u2019s impasse is a 2009 mining law that would require Freeport to build a $2.9 billion smelter (in order to move resource exports higher up in the value chain from just raw materials) and divest the majority of its shares to Indonesian ownership within 10 years.\nFreeport maintains that, since its current contract runs through 2021, it doesn\u2019t need to act on the regulations yet. But Indonesian officials, led by Mines and Energy Minister Ignasius Jonan, have ramped up pressure for Freeport to convert its contract per the 2009 law to a \u201cSpecial Business License,\u201d which precipitated today\u2019s standoff.\nSituation in flux\nBoth Indonesia and Freeport are likely to see monetary losses from the clash, but Indonesia seems committed to asserting its terms for collaboration. The global commodities market for ore and other natural resources has also dipped in the last year, with a particular slowdown from China.\nThe ground situation is likely to be in constant flux over the coming months as the Indonesian government gears up for a fight. On Monday, the government announced it is grooming a state-owned aluminum enterprise to take over the Grasberg mine if it wins arbitration with Freeport.\n\u201cWhat the government really needs to think about is what compensation they can give to layoff victims in the present,\u201d said Gobai. \u201cThese people are employees, but they are also citizens.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "Richard C. Adkerson (R) Director President and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Freeport-McMoran Inc and former CEO of PT. Freeport Indonesia Chappy Hakim (L) pose for photographers after a press conference in Jakarta on February 20, 2017. US mining giant Freeport-McMoRan announced on February 18, the head of its Indonesian unit had resigned amid a row with the government that has halted production at a major copper mine.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F9424340-9A0B-4164-8185-2B588A573A49.jpg",
        "id": "18653_3",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "staying in Indonesia"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Richard C. Adkerson",
            "Richard Adkerson"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_27_3741401",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_27_3741401_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What historic measure was achieved by the man on the left in the image?",
        "context": "Trump Focused on Pleasing Core Supporters, say Analysts \nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nRecent public opinion polls show President Donald Trump's approval ratings hovering around 40 percent, a modern low for a new president.\nBut Trump continues to go to great lengths to please that 40 percent or so of his true believers, and many of them say that despite his controversial start, they are pleased with what they've seen.\nTrump's effort to cater to his political base was on display at his recent campaign style rally in Florida. After what has been a busy though at times chaotic first month in office, Trump was eager to reconnect with his political base and to keep what he calls his political movement fired up.\n\u201cThis was a truly great movement and I want to be here with you and I will always be with you, I promise you that,\u201d Trump told cheering supporters.\nOne enthusiastic Trump fan, Gene Huber, caught the president's eye and was invited up on stage to say a few words, despite some misgivings from the Secret Service, which protects the president.\nLike many Trump supporters, Huber said the president deserves credit for following through on his campaign pledges.\n\u201cWhen President Trump during the election (campaign) promised all these things that he was going to do for us, I knew he was going to do this for us!\u201d Huber said.\nPresident Donald Trump, left, with supporter Gene Huber during a campaign rally, Feb. 18, 2017, in Melbourne, Florida.\nCore supporters pleased\nPolls show Trump is a divisive figure, but his political base appears to be largely content at the moment.\n\u201cHis most ardent supporters are delighted with what Donald Trump has been doing because he has basically been taking the status quo and throwing it on the ground and smashing it up,\u201d Republican strategist John Feehery said.\nWatch: Analysts: Trump Focused on Pleasing Core Supporters\n\u201cHe is keeping faith with his campaign promises. He said he was going to appoint a conservative Supreme Court justice. He said he was going to be very vigilant on immigration,\u201d Feehery added.\nTrump no doubt will feed off that tangible support after what has been a raucous and at times polarizing first month in office.\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nAnalysts: Trump Focused on Pleasing Core Supporters\nShare this video\n0:02:43\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:43\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n264p | 7.9MB\n352p | 13.0MB\n480p | 73.1MB\nSome of that is reflected in a new Quinnipiac University poll that found only 38 percent of those surveyed have a positive view of Trump's job performance so far, while 55 percent disapprove.\nRepublicans approved of Trump by a margin of 83 to 10 percentage points, while Democrats disapproved by a whopping 91 percent, compared to 5 percent who approve of him.\n\u201cTrump's popularity is sinking like a rock,\u201d Quinnipiac pollster Tim Malloy said in a statement that accompanied the poll. \u201cThis is a terrible survey one month in.\u201d\nOther recent surveys have shown Trump's approval in the low to mid-40s.\nActivists and protesters with the National Center for Transgender Equality rally in front of the White House, Feb. 22, 2017, after President Trump announced he would revoke guidelines for protecting transgender students.\nRising voices of opposition\nTrump opponents have been out in the streets of late, with rallies and demonstrations across the country, as well as showing up in strong numbers at congressional town halls this week.\nSome of the rallies demonstrate support for immigrants in the wake of Trump's moves to crack down on illegal entry. But many of the protests reflected a general discontent with where the country is headed under Trump's presidency.\n",
        "caption": "President Donald Trump, left, with supporter Gene Huber during a campaign rally, Feb. 18, 2017, in Melbourne, Florida.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/C4BB5C0E-DF08-426D-9183-1A5A0DDF7B17.jpg",
        "id": "25904_2",
        "answer": [
            "approval ratings hovering around 40 percent"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            " President Donald Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_23_3736226",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_23_3736226_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the people in the image do?",
        "context": "Iraqi Troops Seize Government Buildings in Western Mosul\nIraq's military said Tuesday its forces recaptured control of the main government buildings in western Mosul from Islamic State militants.\nThe advance is part of an offensive, supported by airstrikes from a U.S.-led coalition, to take back what is the last major city in Iraq still held by Islamic State.\nThe militant group swept into Mosul in mid-2014 as it took control of large areas in northern and western Iraq, as well as eastern Syria.\nIraq took back eastern Mosul in January after several months of fighting.Now the focus is across the Tigris River, where the new offensive began two weeks ago.\nBridges connecting the two sides of the city have been badly damaged or destroyed, but the Iraqi military says it now controls the western side of two of the bridges, raising the prospect they could be used to more easily move troops and supplies.\nThe fighting in Mosul has raised humanitarian concerns for the hundreds of thousands of people living there, and aid organizations have reported several thousand people fleeing each day.\n",
        "caption": "Iraqi security forces advance during fighting against Islamic State militants, in western Mosul, Iraq, March 6, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/6DC6253A-E966-443D-BFEB-C5ECB77B3643.jpg",
        "id": "22390_1",
        "answer": [
            "recaptured control of the main government buildings in western Mosul from Islamic State militants",
            "None",
            "recaptured control of the main government buildings in western Mosul"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "forces",
            "Iraqi security forces"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_07_3752695",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_07_3752695_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What resolution will help out the family on the image?",
        "context": "UN Appeals for $4.6B to Assist Millions of Syrian Refugees\nGENEVA \u2014\u00a0\nThe United Nations is appealing for $4.63 billion to assist nearly five million Syrian refugees and millions of people hosting them in neighboring countries. The appeal is being launched in the Finnish capital of Helsinki on behalf of U.N. agencies and 40 non-governmental organizations.\nThe United Nations plans to provide life-saving assistance to more than 4.7 million Syrian refugees. U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees Filippo Grandi says the appeal also will support 4.4 million people hosting them in Turkey, Lebanon, Jordan, Iraq, and Egypt.\n\u201cSo, even if Syrians have stopped arriving in Europe in any significant numbers, I hope that everybody realizes that the Syrian refugee crisis has not gone away and continues to affect millions of host communities and continues to be a tragic situation for millions of Syrians,\u201d he said.\nFILE - Refugees walk at the Oncupinar refugee camp for Syrian refugees next to the border crossing with Syria, near the town of Kilis in southeastern Turkey, Thursday, March 17, 2016.\nGrandi says most Syrian refugees fall below the poverty line and struggle to afford food, rent, health care and other essentials. He notes 70 percent of those in need are women and children. He says many of the host communities helping the refugees also are impoverished and in need of assistance.\nSyria will enter its sixth year of war in March, about the same length of time as the whole of World War II. U.N. emergency relief coordinator Stephen O\u2019Brien calls Syria one of the worst humanitarian crises in the world today.\nA still image taken from a video, said to be shot Jan. 4, 2017, shows civilians, who were evacuated from Wadi Barada, sitting inside a shelter in the Damascus suburb of Rawda, Syria.\n\u201cThe crisis in Syria remains one of the most complex and volatile and violent in the world,\" he said. \"Currently, 13.5 million women, children and men are in urgent need of humanitarian and protection assistance. Of course, we fear that it will get worse and even if peace was to take place from tonight, the humanitarian needs within Syria would continue for a good time to come.\u201d\nThe United Nations is in the process of finalizing an upcoming appeal for $3.4 billion. The United Nations estimates that amount will be required to meet the humanitarian needs of the 13.5 million destitute people within Syria this year.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Syrian women prepare food for their family outside their tents, at a Syrian refugee camp in the town of Bar Elias, in Lebanon's Bekaa Valley, March 29, 2016. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D7CF0CC4-63EA-4DF2-A111-25A906BD1046.jpg",
        "id": "3640_1",
        "answer": [
            "life-saving assistance "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Syrian refugee camp"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_24_3689818",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_24_3689818_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person wearing the red tie in the image pledge?",
        "context": "Russia, Turkey Pledge Partnership Aimed at Ending Syrian Crisis \nMOSCOW \u2014\u00a0\nRussian President Vladimir Putin hosted his Turkish counterpart, Recep Tayyip Erdogan, at the Kremlin on Friday amid promises from both leaders to strengthen ties and tackle vexing issues in the Middle East.\n\u201cWe are working actively on the settlement of the most acute crises in the world, first of all in Syria,\u201d said Putin in a press conference following the meeting. \n\u201cI am pleased to say that nobody expected this, but at the level of military authorities, intelligence services, we have a very trustful, very effective dialogue,\u201d added Putin.\nIn turn, the Turkish leader expressed faith in continuing Turkish-Russian cooperation. \n\u201cAs far as security matters in our region are concerned, I believe that it takes joint efforts to end bloodshed in Syria,\u201d said Erdogan.\nTurkish soldiers accused of attempting to assassinate President Tayyip Erdogan on the night of the failed July 15 coup, are escorted by gendarmes as they arrive at the court in Mugla, Turkey, March 8, 2017.\nOvercoming rifts\nThe road to this point was long and winding as leaders dubbed \u201cthe Tsar\u201d and \u201cthe Sultan\u201d clashed repeatedly over the Syrian conflict and their differing views on the fate of Moscow's ally, Syrian leader Bashar al-Assad. \nFirst, there was the downing of a Russian jet by Turkey in November 2015 amid Moscow's intervention into the Syrian conflict. Putin called the act \u201ca stab in the back,\u201d and he imposed punitive travel and trade sanctions on Turkey in response.\nA failed coup against Erdogan in June 2016, however, changed everything again. The ensuing violence left 280 dead and Ankara angry at its NATO allies over their criticism of a government crackdown against the coup plotters. \nPutin, no stranger to lecturing by the West on human rights, was soon on the phone expressing solidarity. Following an apology by Erdogan over the jet incident, all was forgiven. \nRemarkably, the two sides even began coordinating some military actions in Syria, including against Islamic State and Syrian opposition fighters holed up in Aleppo. The fall of the city to Assad's forces was a major turning point in the war.\nYet the Russian-Turkish relationship was put to the test again last December, when Russia's ambassador to Turkey was gunned down in public by a Turkish assassin who claimed he was avenging Russia's brutal air campaign in the Syrian war.\nIn fact, tragedy came to mar even today's meetings.\nAs talks got underway, news broke that a helicopter carrying an executive of the Turkish Eczabicasi group and four Russians, including the firm's Russian operations chief, crashed in Istanbul, killing all seven people on board.\nStill, Putin used Friday's summit to assure that Moscow's differences with Ankara were largely in the past.\n\u201cWe can not only make up for past blunders but [we can] enter into a new level of cooperation,\u201d said the Russian leader. \u201cAt least the Russian side is prepared and ready for that.\u201d\nErdogan clearly agreed, saying now was the time to end any lingering sanctions. \n\u201cWe think that there is a noticeable shift in our relations,\u201d said the Turkish leader. \u201cI think that we completed the process of normalization of relations as a result of our meeting today.\u201d\nRussian President Vladimir Putin, right, shakes hands with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu during a meeting in Moscow, March 9, 2017.\nMideast influence\nThe talks came one day after Putin hosted talks with Israeli leader Benjamin Netanyahu, a sign Russian media touted as evidence of Moscow's growing influence in the Middle East. \nKremlin observers largely agreed the optics of back-to-back visits was impressive, but some questioned the extent of Moscow's true influence in the region.\n\u201cRussia has been very successful at creating the impression that it is the player to go to if you want to make a deal in the Middle East,\u201d said foreign policy analyst Vladimir Frolov in an interview with VOA. \u201cBut the reality is much more modest.\u201d\nIndeed, Russia and Turkey brokered a cease-fire that helped reduce the level of fighting in Syria, and the two sides are now co-sponsors of ongoing peace negotiations in neighboring Astana, Kazakhstan, between the Assad regime and Syrian opposition groups.\nRussian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov arrives for a meeting with Syrian opposition representatives in Moscow, Jan. 27, 2017.\nPeace talks\nTurkey has sought to stem the relentless flow of refugees fleeing the fighting. It also has faced regular terrorist attacks at the hands of IS and what Ankara says are Kurdish militant groups feeding off the chaos in Syria. \nRussia, too, has lost lives to Islamic State. But Moscow is also eager to show its new political clout in the region by delivering what Western powers could not: an end to the six-year-old conflict.\nIt's proven to be a tricky pivot for the Kremlin \u2014 from onetime backer of the Assad regime to guarantor of peace. \nOn Friday, Putin argued that with backing from Turkey and Iran, a shaky cease-fire in Syria had largely held.\n\u201cDue to the coordinated actions of Russia, Turkey and Iran, the cease-fire in Syria is generally being observed. The level of violence has decreased significantly,\u201d said Putin.\nYet early signs from the quest for a negotiated peace have not been promising, say observers.\n\u201cYes, Russia inserted itself in Syria and is essential for any sort of a political solution and concluding the military fight against ISIS,\u201d said analyst Vladimir Frolov. \u201cBut Russia is having trouble imposing a political solution in Syria that it wants.\u201d\nBoth Turkey and Russia will have another opportunity when the peace talks resume in Astana next week.\n",
        "caption": "Russian President Vladimir Putin, left, shakes hands with Turkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdogan during their meeting in the Kremlin in Moscow, March 10, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/9D44BFC5-2155-4844-AE81-EC42FC80BB29.jpg",
        "id": "27154_1",
        "answer": [
            "to strengthen ties and tackle vexing issues in the Middle East."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Recep Tayyip Erdogan"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_10_3760760",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_10_3760760_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who caused the incident from the image to happen?",
        "context": "Sweden Holds Moment of Silence After Deadly Truck Attack\nSweden held a moment of silence Monday for the victims of Friday's terrorist truck attack killed four people and injured 15.\nA 39-year-old Uzbek believed to have extremist sympathies is under arrest for allegedly ramming a stolen truck into a crowd at the Ahlens department store in Stockholm.\nOn Sunday, tens of thousands of Swedes turned out in Stockholm for what they called a \"lovefest\" after the attack.\n\"Fear shall not reign. Terror cannot win,\" Mayor Karin Wanngard told a crowd estimated at 50,000.\nOne woman held a poster reading: \"We don't respond with fear, we respond with love.\"\nIn Washington, the White House says President Donald Trump spoke by phone with Prime Minister Stefan Lofven of Sweden \u201cto express condolences to the loved ones of those who were killed.\" A statement said the two leaders agreed to maintain their close partnership in the global fight against terrorism.\nPolice arrested the Uzbek-born suspect hours after the truck attack. He was known to intelligence services since last year when he disappeared before he could be deported after his application for asylum was rejected. Authorities knew he had pro-extremist sympathies.\nBut no group has claimed responsibility for Friday's attack and no motive is known.\nPolice say they have arrested a second person in connection with the attack, but have given no further information.\nPhotos taken at the scene Friday showed the vehicle was a truck belonging to beer maker Spendrups, which said its truck had been hijacked earlier in the day.\nWitnesses say the truck drove straight into the entrance of the Ahlens Department Store on Drottninggatan, the city's biggest pedestrian street, sending shoppers screaming and running. Television footage showed smoke coming out of the store after the crash.\n",
        "caption": "People observe a minute of silence near the department store Ahlens in Stockholm, Sweden, April 10, 2017, to honor the four killed victims and 15 injured in a fatal truck attack. T",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D452BCF7-68A8-4128-B82B-C246FD43F2E3.jpg",
        "id": "4890_1",
        "answer": [
            "A 39-year-old Uzbek believed to have extremist sympathies"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "truck"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_10_3803704",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_10_3803704_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the nation of the people in the image doing?",
        "context": "China\u2019s Defense Budget to Rise 7 Percent\nChina says its defense budget will increase by about 7 percent this year, marking the second year in a row China has kept its military spending to a single digit percentage increase.\nThe exact number for defense spending in 2017 will be released Sunday when parliament begins its annual session.\nChina\u2019s neighbors, however, have become increasingly suspicious of the country\u2019s military tactics following China\u2019s rapid expansion in the South China Sea, where it has created artificial islands capable of supporting military facilities.\nParliament spokeswoman Fu Ying sought to dismiss any misgivings China\u2019s neighbors might have.\n\u201cLook at the past decade or so, there have been so many conflicts, even wars, around the world resulting in serious, large numbers of casualties and loss of property, so many refugees destitute and homeless,\u201d she said. \u201cWhich one has China caused?\u201d\nBrunei, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan and Vietnam also claim all or parts of the 3.5 million-square-kilometer South China Sea, which is rich in fisheries as well as possible undersea fossil fuel reserves.\nNews of China\u2019s military budget comes just days after U.S. President Donald Trump said the U.S., the world\u2019s strongest military power, would increase its military spending by 10 percent, even as the country begins to end wars in Afghanistan and Iraq.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - In this Dec. 7, 2016, photo, Chinese Navy officials stand in front of the ship Daqing, in San Diego. For the second year in a row, China has said it would increase its defense spending by a single-digit percentage.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B2C7CDDF-966F-460C-8920-BFB2821840C6.jpg",
        "id": "9077_1",
        "answer": [
            "created artificial islands",
            "created artificial islands capable of supporting military facilities"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Chinese",
            "Chinese Navy officials"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_04_3749434",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_04_3749434_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Against which country is the nation, that attacked the people in the image, training soldiers for?",
        "context": "US-led Coalition Closely Monitoring Turkish Training of Syrian Militia \nThe U.S.-led coalition in Syria is closely monitoring Turkey's arming and training of a Syrian militia in northern Syria and asking Turkey instead to return the region to control of local residents, coalition sources told VOA.\nU.S. Army Colonel Joseph Scrocca, spokesman for the U.S.-led coalition's Operation Inherent Resolve, told VOA that the coalition \"feels strongly that any land seized [from Islamic State] should be returned to the people and governed by local representatives from that area.\"\nThe coalition's focus is on defeating IS in Syria and Iraq, and \"we urge all of our partners and allies to do the same,\" Scrocca said.\n'National army'\nScrocca's comment came as the Turkish military is working to establish a \"national army\" for rebel Free Syrian Army (FSA) fighters to operate in northern Syria's Jarabouls and al-Bab areas.\nThe two areas were seized from IS during a Turkey-supported operation known as Euphrates Shield, which involved Turkish troops and tanks and some FSA factions.\nThe operation began in August 2016 and ended in March, and the area along the Turkey-Syria border remains under the Turkish army's control.\nSyrian Kurds see Turkey's presence as a de facto occupation. Turkish officials say more than a million residents have returned to their homes and the IS presence on the Turkish-Syrian border has been eradicated.\n\"Once we have created a safe zone, the Syrians will be able to establish their national army, so they can feel safe,\" Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan said in May.\nFILE - A Free Syrian Army fighter handles ammunition in a rebel-held area of Aleppo, Syria, Dec. 12, 2016.\nTurkish officials said the expanded FSA unit has 10,000 to 12,000 fighters and will be prepared to carry out defensive and offensive operations inside Syria.\n\"They will show their difference in possible future operations and they will be successful,\" the Anadolu Agency, a news agency headquartered in Ankara, quoted one Turkish military official as saying.\nTraining of FSA members\nMetehan Demir, a Turkish defense and military analyst, told VOA that training of FSA members started in March, when the government prepared two military camps in Turkey's Hatay and Kilis areas.\nTurkey's official news agency said the unit was being trained in how to use weapons, including mortars, rocket launchers and machine guns.\n\"Hatay camp is especially very well-organized for this purpose,\" Demir said.\nHe said Turkey would most likely use the new FSA unit to try to counter the increasing influence of Kurdish YPG forces who are leading the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) in a major battle for the IS stronghold of Raqqa.\nWhile the United States supports the YPG and sees it as a key Syrian partner in the fight against IS, Turkey opposes its role and considers it a terrorist organization linked to Turkish-Kurdish separatists inside Turkey, known as the PKK.\n\"The message from Ankara to Washington is clear,\" Demir said, \"Don't cooperate with YPG, because we are training a new FSA that can do a better job.\"\nU.S. officials have not commented on Turkey's reinforcement of the FSA.\nFILE - Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) fighters head to Raqqa, Syria, June 6, 2017.\nAfter the U.S. announced last month that it was sending arms to the SDF for the Raqqa operation, Erdogan warned that Turkey would not remain idle and watch the YPG gain in strength. He said Turkey would \"exercise its rights under the rules of engagement.\"\nNot likely to align\nAnalysts say it is unlikely that U.S. forces will align with the Turkey-backed FSA.\n\"By all reports, the U.S. military does not believe that the FSA forces being trained by Turkey are anywhere near ready to carry out the Raqqa-related mission that SDF/YPG forces are performing,\" Alan Makovsky, senior analyst for the Center for American Progress and a former U.S. State Department official, told VOA.\nKurdish officials say they are concerned that Turkish-supported militias will ultimately attack their areas and disrupt the Raqqa operation.\n\"Turkey should cease its involvement in Syria and focus on resolving its internal problems, especially with its Kurds,\" Salih Muslim, co-chairman of the Syrian Kurdish Democratic Union Party, which provides political direction to the YPG, told VOA.\nMuslim accused Turkey of supporting extremist groups to stop Kurdish aspiration for autonomy, and he pleaded with the U.S. for more support.\n\"Our focus will be to liberate Raqqa and bring back security to it,\" Muslim said. \"America has by now realized how important Syrian Kurds are for the region's stability.\"\nFILE - People gather near the headquarters of the Kurdish People's Protection Units (YPG) after it was hit by Turkish airstrikes in Mount Karachok near Malikiya, Syria, April 25, 2017.\nThe U.S. in recent months has tried to prevent direct confrontations between Turkey and the YPG. When Turkish planes and artillery attacked YPG bases in April, U.S. troops began patrolling the Syria-Turkey border and tensions eased.\nAnd Turkey's influence on the FSA does not extend deep into Syria, analysts say. Rebels south of the Turkish-controlled area in Syria are reportedly severing ties with the FSA and former self-styled militias that are becoming aligned with the U.S.-led coalition.\n\"Turkey's biggest challenge over the long term might be consolidating its hold on the territory it now holds,\" Makovsky said. \"Based on the internal fighting and defections among FSA forces in al-Bab, it will need a far more reliable proxy than the FSA forces it now commands.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - People gather near the headquarters of the Kurdish People's Protection Units (YPG) after it was hit by Turkish airstrikes in Mount Karachok near Malikiya, Syria, April 25, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/3BE112BA-B87F-4FDA-9EE6-996A149DA7C6.jpg",
        "id": "79_4",
        "answer": [
            "IS in Syria and Iraq",
            "Syria",
            "Islamic State"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Turkey",
            "Turkish airstrikes",
            "Turkish",
            "Syria"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_16_3903883",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_16_3903883_4"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who are the people in the image in conflict with?",
        "context": "Deficit of Trust Between Arabs, Kurds Complicates Raqqa Battle\nKurdish-led fighters made further advances Tuesday in the fight to oust the Islamic State terror group from its de facto capital of Raqqa in northern Syria. They have been consolidating their foothold in the old city, while amassing soldiers in the eastern suburbs, ready for a deeper strike, say commanders with the U.S.-backed Syrian Democratic Forces.\nThe military advances appear not to have dispelled local Arab anxiety, however, about the Kurds\u2019 long-term intentions for Raqqa and its outlying villages.\nAlthough eager for the jihadists to leave, Raqqa\u2019s Arabs remain wary of the Kurdish People\u2019s Protection Units, or YPG, worrying the Kurds have territorial ambitions for the Arab-majority city.\nThat concern has mounted following the expulsion this week of an Arab militia from the SDF for retreating in the face of Islamic State fire. Claims of abusive treatment of local young Arabs at the hands of the advancing U.S.-backed forces also are adding to sectarian tension.\nOn June 30, a video surfaced in the Turkish media of two soldiers wearing YPG uniforms kicking two local Arab men and stomping on them while screaming at them to disclose the location of IS fighters. In the video, the detainees from a village west of Raqqa insist they don\u2019t know the whereabouts of IS extremists.\nThe YPG soldiers who were filmed were, in fact, Arabs but this has not served to tamp down local anger over the ugly incident. YPG leaders have acknowledged to local media the authenticity of the video. They have denounced the abuse \u201cin the strongest terms,\u201d describing it as \u201cabsolutely unacceptable.\u201d\nIn a statement, the YPG added, \u201cSince they have broken laws and international norms, they will be held accountable for their irresponsible, individual acts.\u201d\nLocal Arab suspicions of the Kurds, according to some accounts, haven\u2019t been diminished by the participation of Sunni Arab militias in the assault on Raqqa \u2014 an engagement initially insisted on by Washington, though one that has seen Arab militias from the rebel Free Syrian Army seeking battlefield roles.\nLong-term stability at stake\nAnalysts say that providing stability for Raqqa and avoiding rights abuses following the expulsion of the Sunni militants from the city will be crucial in determining the future chances of IS being able to mount a prolonged insurgency in northern Syria. They have warned for months that if the Kurdish-led SDF fails to oversee the city and its outlying villages evenhandedly and within traditional Arab and tribal power structures, the odds of future sectarian conflict will increase, providing an opening for the jihadists.\nA civilian and fighters from the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) walk along a street in the Raqqa's al-Sana'a industrial neighborhood, Syria June 14, 2017. Mutual suspicion between Arabs and Kurds in Raqqa runs deep and predates the current conflict by decades.\n\u201cThe resulting deficit of trust between the Kurds and Arabs in some areas could be a fault line that jihadis exploit to try to return to liberated areas,\u201d cautions Hassan Hassan, an analyst at the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy, a Washington-based think tank, and co-author of the book ISIS: Inside the Army of Terror.\nTrust has been in short supply between Arabs and Kurds in northern Syria since even before the start of the uprising six years ago against Syrian President Bashar al-Assad. In the 1970s, Hafez al-Assad, Bashar\u2019s father, displaced tens of thousands of Kurds in the province of Raqqa in order to resettle Arab families. Raqqa\u2019s Arabs fear the Kurds now may seize the opportunity to even the score and engineer a Kurdish expansion, which would result in an upending of current demographics.\nIS propaganda, as well as YPG expulsions of Arabs from some villages last year captured by Kurds in northern and eastern Syria, haven\u2019t helped to dispel Arab anxiety \u2014 nor do incidents of SDF abuse of detainees.\nRaqqa locals allege the anti-Islamic State forces are all too ready to suspect people who continued to live in Raqqa under IS rule of being jihadists or fellow travelers. Relatives of local IS fighters also are quickly viewed as having been complicit with the jihadists, they say.\nActivists with a network called Raqqa Is Being Slaughtered Silently reported Monday that SDF units have been mounting arrest raids and detaining young men from villages in the Raqqa countryside.\nSome detainees have been taken to training camps and obliged to join so-called Self Defense Forces.\n\"They are told they will be working to achieve a Democratic Nation in Syria,\" the activist network says. \"The attacking militias have been demanding that young men in the newly controlled villages join the SDF before their families can be allowed to return to their homes.\"\nKurdish officials dispute the allegations and say many detainees are freed quickly, once it is ascertained they are not IS members. They maintain that even those who were IS members but did not kill or commit heinous crimes will be pardoned.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Kurdish fighters from the People's Protection Units (YPG) stand in a house in Raqqa, Syria, June 21, 2017. While welcoming the ouster of jihadist from the city, local Arabs are suspicious of the advancing Kurds' long-term intentions.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/0320FBF6-8E4A-40FD-9C7D-FD5A4E17F825.jpg",
        "id": "17065_1",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "Islamic State terror group"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Kurdish fighters",
            "fighters"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_11_3937349",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_11_3937349_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What countryman of the soldiers in the image thinks they cannot expect help from the US?",
        "context": "Shaken by Trump\u2019s Criticism of NATO, Europe Mulls Building Own Military Force\nLONDON \u2014\u00a0\nEuropean leaders were left shaken following U.S. President Donald Trump\u2019s recent comments that NATO is \"obsolete.\"\nThe organization has formed the bedrock of Europe\u2019s security since World War Two, but some EU leaders say Europe must now take responsibility for its own defense. The continent would face a huge deficit in military capability if the NATO alliance broke down.\nThe first contingent of German and Belgian troops arrived in Lithuania on Tuesday, which followed a separate U.S. deployment of the 3rd Armored Brigade Combat Team, 4th Infantry Division, to Poland in early January. The buildup is part of NATO\u2019s 4,000 troop reinforcement in the Baltic States and Poland, which aims to reassure front-line states.\nGerman Bundeswehr soldiers of the 122th Infantry Battalion take part in a farewell ceremony in Oberviechtach, Germany, Thursday, Jan. 19, 2017. As a part of the NATO program 'enhanced forward presence' 450 soldiers will move to Lithuania in the upcoming weeks.\nBut Trump\u2019s recent comments that NATO is \"obsolete\" have shaken European allies.\nWolfgang Ischinger, head of the Munich Security Conference, an annual global summit on defense due to take place next month, tells VOA the situation is tense.\n\u201cIn addition to the crises we had last year, Ukraine, Syria, the South China Sea, North Korea, etc., now we appear to have almost panic in the trans-Atlantic space,\" Ischinger said. \"Is NATO obsolete or not? Is the European Union something which the U.S. can or should ignore, or is the EU America's most important partner?\u201d\nGerman Chancellor Angela Merkel has said Europe now has its fate in its own hands. But Jonathan Eyal of Britain's Royal United Services Institute says it will take a dramatic shift in EU policy to make up for any rupture in the U.S. alliance.\n\u201cWhile there is a lot of discussion about closer cooperation in the European Union, there simply is no substitute for American military power,\" said Eyal. \"Up to 75 percent of all the military assets in NATO belong to the United States.\u201d\nMilitary spending\nCurrently Germany, along with several other European NATO allies, spend far less on defense than the 2 percent of GDP (Gross Domestic Product) they pledged to spend in 2014.\n\u201cThere is a commitment in Germany to increase defense expenditure, but we are far off, and, especially in an election year in Germany, we will remain far [from] any chance of a major boost in defense expenditure,\" said Eyal.\nCore members including France, Germany, Spain and Italy want closer EU military and intelligence cooperation, a move backed by the bloc\u2019s foreign policy chief Federica Mogherini.\n\"First of all it means that Europeans are starting to take seriously their security,\" said Mogherini. \"We have started to do this ... well before the UK referendum, well before the U.S. elections because security is a priority for Europeans.\u201d\nBritain has blocked efforts towards building an EU military alliance, fearing it could undermine NATO.\nBut with Britain set to leave the bloc within the next few years, the calls for an EU military force could grow louder.\nOn the eastern flank\nBritain's former Ambassador to Georgia, Alexandra Hall Hall of the Washington-headquartered Atlantic Council, says countries on Europe's easternmost flank have a particular responsibility to gird themselves for a world with or without a U.S.-backed NATO.\n\"It is incumbent for countries in this region supported by their friends and allies to make clear that any new U.S.-Russia cooperation should not come at the expense of the interests of friends and allies,\" Hall Hall told VOA's Georgian Service, explaining that she hopes countries such as Ukraine and Georgia, each of which were invaded by Russian forces within the last ten years, should move fast to show that their values align with long-term U.S. interests.\n\"Putin will push as far as he will get, in Georgia, in Ukraine,\" she said. \"If you don\u2019t stand firm to set boundaries on unacceptable behavior, you will see other problems cropping up.\n\"Georgia remains a successful example of what can be achieved with the support of EU and NATO and remains a model for other countries,\" she added. \"What I would really like to see to happen in Georgia is that a very strong, united message come to the new U.S. administration. A very early engagement on the values you share and how you can work with new administration.\"\nLondon-based Russia expert James Sherr seemed to echo that sentiment, warning that crafting policy solely in response to actions by the Trump administration carries its own risks.\n\"The real danger is that it will take a long time for a new policymaking system to emerge in the United States,\" Sherr told VOA's Ukrainian Service. \"There's so many variables, there are so many different players, and there are so many informal actors that there's potential for chaos.\n\"This is a greater worry than the risk that the United States will make some grand damaging bargain with Russia that will change the whole European order. This situation could be chaotic and confused for a long time. This doesn't necessarily benefit Russia, but it certainly doesn't benefit Europe,\" he said.\n\"It's not going to benefit Ukraine either, but it also might mean that, at the level that thing happen -- say, for example, training Ukraine's armed forces, which is something that's been going on for a long time, or economic assistance, or even sanctions -- that a lot of things will simply continue, because there's been no real decision to stop it,\" Sherr said.\n\"Trump himself is not going to make it easy, because he has certain considerable authority of his own\u2014and he can do some very rash and inconsistent things,\" he added. \"So I'm not saying it's going to be good. That's not the point. But at this stage we just don't know.\n\"Everyone understands now that Russia is a serious and potentially dangerous military power; Europe, however, is not a hard-power animal,\" Sherr said.\n\"Trump's rash, ill-mannered threats about NATO have immediately produced a change of attitude in Europe and a consensus that defense spending in Europe must rise. He's been able to do this, through his bad behavior, more quickly and more effectively than two previous administrations that were more reliable from a European standpoint. So the United States continues to matter profoundly to Europe, and this will be particularly the case if the dynamics of disintegration continue inside the EU,\" he said.\nNana Sajaia of VOA\u2019s Georgian Service and Bogdan Tsioupine of VOA's Urkainian Service contributed original reporting.\n",
        "caption": "German Bundeswehr soldiers of the 122th Infantry Battalion take part in a farewell ceremony in Oberviechtach, Germany, Thursday, Jan. 19, 2017. As a part of the NATO program 'enhanced forward presence' 450 soldiers will move to Lithuania in the upcoming weeks.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/BB950F6A-EAFA-4C46-BFE3-23B6DEC0B35A.jpg",
        "id": "23750_1",
        "answer": [
            "German Chancellor Angela Merkel "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "German"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_25_3691549",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_25_3691549_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person with the tie in the image on?",
        "context": "Ukraine President Calls for Sustained US Sanctions on Russia \nUkrainian President Petro Poroshenko on Tuesday called on world powers to maintain sanctions against Russia, apparently in response to comments by President Donald Trump that indicated a U.S. willingness to ease the longstanding restrictions.\nEarlier this month, Trump told The Wall Street Journal he would consider lifting some sanctions if Moscow supported U.S. counterterror objectives.\nLast week he told The Times of London that sanctions against Russia could be fully eliminated as part of a nuclear arms reduction deal.\nThe United States, the European Union and others imposed sanctions on Russia in early 2014 over its annexation of the Crimea from Ukraine and its support for pro-Russia separatists in Ukraine's east.\n\u201cWe've enjoyed very strong bipartisan support in the United States during the last three years, and we don't see any reason to change this situation,\" Poroshenko told the press when asked about Trump's comments during a stopover in Estonia.\nBolstering NATO's eastern flank\nPoroshenko's comments to the media came amid a two-day diplomatic tour of Estonia and Finland. Troops from both nations have participated in U.S.-backed military exercises aimed at countering Russia's heightened military presence along the coastal Baltics and Eastern Europe. Poland-bound U.S. tanks arrived in Germany earlier this month as part of a move to reassure nervous allies by pre-positioning artillery and military equipment throughout NATO's eastern flank.\n\u201cWe don't see any connection [between reducing or eliminating sanctions and] possible progress in the Middle East and the situation in Ukraine,\u201d Poroshenko added during a later stop in Finland. \u201cWith that situation, the only effective way is sanctions, to motivate the Russian Federation, President Putin, to be at the negotiating table.\u201d\nUkraine's President Petro Poroshenko, right, tours the Finnish Parliament with the Speaker of the Finnish Parliament Maria Lohela during his one-day visit to Finland in Helsinki, Jan. 24, 2017.\nSanctions called vital\nKostyantyn Gryshchenko, Ukraine's former top diplomat and one-time ambassador to the United States, called ongoing sanctions vital to long-term U.S. interests.\n\u201cIt's all important for the United States, and the president of the United States, to be engaged with the world, and the world to be engaged with United States, which is now headed by President Trump,\u201d he told VOA's Ukraine Service.\n\u201cIt is also all important for the Ukrainian government,\u201d he added. \u201cUkraine is a nation ready to make sure that everything will be done \u2014 no effort spared \u2014 to make sure that this relationship will be ... a two-way street where the need for the strengthening of democracy and the rule of law, as well as the territorial integrity and independence of Ukraine, will be seen by the new administration as in the best interest of the American people.\u201d\nDeal signed with Lithuania, Estonia\nOn Sunday, Russian Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev said Western sanctions on Russia are likely to remain in place \u201cfor a long time\u201d despite expectations that Trump's presidency will reduce tensions between Washington and Moscow.\nDespite Trump's campaign trail criticism of NATO, the United States last week signed defense cooperation agreements with Lithuania and Estonia, formalizing the deployment of thousands of troops to bolster NATO defenses in the face of a Russian threat of aggression.\nThe agreements, signed Tuesday, will regulate the legal status of U.S. armed forces in the two Baltic states and are part of the biggest NATO reinforcement since the end of the Cold War.\nThis report was produced in collaboration with VOA's Ukrainian Service. Some information was provided by Reuters.\n",
        "caption": "Ukraine's President Petro Poroshenko, right, tours the Finnish Parliament with the Speaker of the Finnish Parliament Maria Lohela during his one-day visit to Finland in Helsinki, Jan. 24, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/6EA80940-8514-4CBC-84CE-0DD19DFB954F.jpg",
        "id": "13634_2",
        "answer": [
            "a two-day diplomatic tour",
            "None",
            "a two-day diplomatic tour of Estonia and Finland"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Poroshenko",
            "Petro Poroshenko"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_24_3690696",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_24_3690696_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What are the views of the person wearing the sash in the image?",
        "context": "Protesters Keep Pressure on Venezuelan Government \nCARACAS, VENEZUELA \u2014\u00a0\nAnti-government activists in Venezuela blocked thoroughfares in the capital and several other cities Monday, continuing a fourth week of street demonstrations to press leftist President Nicol\u00e1s Maduro for new national elections.\n\u201cWe reiterate again: Only through the vote will we get all Venezuelans to decide what future they want for the country,\u201d Julio Borges, president of the opposition-led National Assembly, told demonstrators gathered at Plaza Brion de Chacaito in eastern Caracas.\nA toppled street light stretched across several lanes of a highway in Caracas' Santa Fe district, with scores of demonstrators sitting or standing nearby. At other intersections, activists some dressed in the yellow, red and blue of Venezuela's flag piled garbage to obstruct traffic.\nAnti-government protesters block a highway in Caracas, Venezuela, April 24, 2017. Opponents to President Nicolas Maduro shut down main roads around the country as the protest movement enters its fourth week.\n'This government has fallen!'\nAccording to Reuters news service, some passed time by playing cards, occasionally chanting, \u201cThis government has fallen!\u201d\nHundreds of police and National Guard troops took up positions at several points in the city, riot gear at the ready. Security forces have used tear gas, and sometimes rubber bullets, in previous skirmishes with protesters. \nAt least two people were killed at protests in other parts of the country Monday, bringing the nationwide death toll to at least 23 since early April, with hundreds more injured.\nMaria Corina Machado, an opposition leader and former National Assembly lawmaker, implored demonstrators to keep up the pressure. \u201cAll over the democratic world today, their eyes must be on the jails of our country.\u201d\nHuman rights groups have said more than 1,000 people were detained during recent disturbances and over 700 are still in detention.\nVenezuela's President Nicolas Maduro, right, shakes hands with Venezuela's Defense Minister Vladimir Padrino Lopez as he arrives to commemorate the Battle of San Felix, April 11, 2017.\nMaduro backs some elections\nMaduro, in his weekly television address Sunday, endorsed voting later in the year for mayoral and gubernatorial posts. He said nothing about moving up elections for the presidency. His term expires in late 2018.\nWhile the president urged his political opponents to join in a \u201cpolitical dialogue for peace,\u201d he also called upon his followers to support the \u201cBolivarian revolution\u201d and \u201cthe security forces and public order.\u201d\n\u201cThey are responsible for all the violence, all the dead, all the damage,\u201d Maduro said of activists demonstrating against him.\nIn contrast, opposition MP Jos\u00e9 Guerra urged the national armed forces to control groups known as \u201carmed groups\u201d because \u201cthey are creating a state of ungovernability in Venezuela. \u201cThey are going to hold us all responsible for what happened \u2014 the dead, looting \u2014 which they themselves promoted,\u201d Guerra warned.\nThe opposition blames the government for the unraveling of Venezuela's once-booming economy which has left the country with shortages of food, medicine and other basic goods.\nVenezuelan opposition leader Henrique Capriles speaks to supporters during a meeting in Caracas, Venezuela, April, 7, 2017.\nMore bad economic news\nOn Monday, a United Nations commission forecast the country's economy would contract by another 7.2 percent this year, Agence France-Presse reported.\nVenezuela's near-daily protests were sparked by the Supreme Court's attempt in late March to wrest legislative powers from the opposition-dominated Congress. The court reversed that decision following domestic and international outcries demanding separation of powers and a return to democracy.\nBut tensions ratcheted up when Venezuela's government then barred opposition leader Henrique Capriles \u2014 twice a major presidential candidate \u2014 from running for office for 15 years.\nThe 44-year-old Capriles, currently governor of Miranda state, which surrounds Caracas, is one of the most recognizable leaders behind the protest movement that has been roiling the country for weeks.\n",
        "caption": "Venezuela's President Nicolas Maduro, right, shakes hands with Venezuela's Defense Minister Vladimir Padrino Lopez as he arrives to commemorate the Battle of San Felix, April 11, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/8C617103-6129-4F8C-BBA6-3F7747836B8C.jpg",
        "id": "14989_3",
        "answer": [
            "leftist",
            "None",
            "support the \u201cBolivarian revolution\u201d and \u201cthe security forces and public order."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Maduro",
            "Nicolas Maduro"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_24_3823913",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_24_3823913_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "Why is the leader of the people in the image unfit?",
        "context": "Once Opposed to Intervention, Trump Says He Can Be Flexible\nPALM BEACH, FLORIDA \u2014\u00a0\nIn the aftermath of President Donald Trump's surprise strikes on Syria, his allies and adversaries have searched for some broader meaning in his decision.\nIs Trump now a humanitarian interventionist, willing to wield American military power when foreign governments threaten their own citizens? Is he a commander in chief who once warned against intervention in Syria but is now prepared to plunge the United States deeper into the conflict? Is he turning on Russia, one of Syria's most important patrons, after months of flirting with closer U.S. ties with Moscow?\nTrump would say he's simply flexible, an emerging foreign policy doctrine that leaves room for evolution and uncertainty.\n\"I don't have to have one specific way, and if the world changes, I go the same way, I don't change,\" Trump said Wednesday, a day after the chemical weapons attack in Syria that compelled him to order airstrikes against a government air base. \"Well, I do change and I am flexible, and I'm proud of that flexibility.\"\nFILE - President Donald Trump receives a briefing on a military strike on Syria from his National Security team on Thursday April 6, 2017, in a secured location at Mar-a-Lago in West Palm Beach, Florida.\nAction in Syria\nAllies in the Middle East and Europe who panned Trump's efforts to ban Syrian refugees from the United States cheered his decision to strike against Syrian President Bashar al-Assad's military after viewing images of young children killed in the chemical attacks. Yet they did so without any clear guidance from Washington on the next steps in Syria.\nTrump's ambassador to the United Nations, Nikki Haley, said the United States was willing to take more action against Assad, while White House officials cautioned that the strikes did not signal a broader shift in U.S. policy.\nMark Feierstein, who served in the National Security Council under President Barack Obama, said it's difficult to glean a direction for U.S. policy from Trump's actions in Syria because Trump \"is not moored to any coherent ideology or set of ideas.\"\nBut for some of Trump's supporters, ideological elasticity is a virtue for a president who took office with no practical foreign policy experience. They say it gives the former real estate mogul breathing room to learn on the job and accept advice from more seasoned advisers.\n\"I think as time goes on, every day that has passed, he more and more has understood the gravity of U.S. leadership,\" said GOP Sen. Bob Corker of Tennessee, the chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee.\nTrump ran for office as a Republican but has few ties to the party's traditionally conservative philosophy. He often has relied on his flexibility as a way to reassure Americans that some of his more unconventional and controversial proposals were merely suggestions.\nYet on some issues, he has shown a willingness to follow through. He has ordered construction of a wall along the U.S.-Mexico border and signed executive orders banning entry to the U.S. for people from some majority Muslim countries, including Syria. Those travel orders have so far been blocked by the courts.\nThe angry reaction to the Syria strikes from some of his strongest campaign supporters showed that they expected him to fulfill promises to stay out of Syria.\n\"Those who wanted us meddling in the Middle East voted for other candidates,\" Ann Coulter, the conservative commentator, wrote on Twitter.\nAs a candidate and private citizen, Trump cast Syria's civil war as a quagmire from which the United States should steer clear. Until the chemical weapons attack, Trump mainly saw Syria as a hotbed for terrorists seeking to attack the U.S. He rarely spoke of the hundreds of thousands killed and the millions displaced during the six years of clashes between the Assad government, backed by Russia and Iran, and opposition groups.\n\"He seems to put great score in unpredictability, and that's not such a bad thing in foreign relations if it has some kind of framework around it,\" said Peter Romero, a top State Department official in the Clinton administration. But Romero said that if Trump is \"being erratic, then it'll have very little impact.\"\nTrump not alone\nTrump is hardly the first president to change his approach to America's role in the world. In 2011, President Barack Obama justified intervention in Libya by citing specific criteria, including the imminent slaughter of civilians. When most of the same guidelines appeared applicable in Syria, particularly after a deadly 2013 chemical weapons attack, Obama backed away from planned military strikes.\n\"There's always a transformation that takes place from a person who wins the presidency, and then once he assumes office he necessarily sees the world from a different perspective,\" said Edward Djerejian, a former U.S. ambassador to Syria and Israel who now directs Rice University's Baker Institute for Public Policy. \"Trump suddenly realizes he's responsible for much of the world.\"\nFILE - U.S. Navy guided-missile destroyer USS Porter (DDG 78) conducts strike operations while in the Mediterranean Sea which U.S. Defense Department said was a part of cruise missile strike against Syria, April 7, 2017.\nShift toward Russia\nAnother consequence of Trump's shift on Syria has been a strikingly tougher tone from his administration on Russia. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson, whose close ties to Russia raised questions during his confirmation hearings, slammed Moscow for either being \"complicit\" in the chemical weapons attack or \"incompetent.\"\nCorker was among those who welcomed that shift. \"The beginning thinking of the administration around Russia was somewhat unsettling, but you've seen that evolve,\" he said.\nBut Trump's flexibility means there are no guarantees that he's prepared to fully abandon his efforts to forge a partnership with Russia on counterterrorism, nuclear proliferation and other issues.\nSkeptics noted that a confrontation with Russia over Syria was well-timed for a president whose campaign is under investigation by the FBI and congressional committees for possible coordination with Moscow during the 2016 election. Also, Trump himself has yet to match the harsh criticism of Moscow that some of his advisers have levied.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - President Donald Trump receives a briefing on a military strike on Syria from his National Security team on Thursday April 6, 2017, in a secured location at Mar-a-Lago in West Palm Beach, Florida.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/720E2E64-B843-491A-BFBF-FE2132AB0AE2.jpg",
        "id": "6038_2",
        "answer": [
            "is not moored to any coherent ideology or set of ideas",
            "Trump is not moored to any coherent ideology or set of ideals"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "National Security",
            "Donald Trump "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_10_3804206",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_10_3804206_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in the photo in the image make?",
        "context": "Australia Urges Freedom for Liu\u2019s Widow\nSYDNEY \u2014\u00a0\nAustralia on Sunday called for China to lift restrictions on the widow of Nobel Peace Prize-winning dissident Liu Xiaobo, who died of liver cancer in custody last week.\nLiu Xiaobo, 61, was jailed for 11 years in 2009 for \u201cinciting subversion of state power\u201d after he helped write a petition known as \u201cCharter 08\u201d calling for sweeping political reforms in China.\nHis wife, Liu Xia, was at the hospital as his health deteriorated over the past couple of weeks, but has been under effective house arrest since her husband won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2010.\n\u201cWe call upon the Chinese government to lift any travel restrictions on his wife and to release her from house detention,\u201d Foreign Minister Julie Bishop told the Australian Broadcasting Corp.\nOn Saturday, Zhang Qingyang, a Chinese official in the northeastern city of Shenyang, said Liu\u2019s widow was \u201ccurrently free,\u201d adding that, as a Chinese citizen, her rights would be protected, but he did not reveal her whereabouts.\nTesty relationship\nThe comments are likely to irk China, which has lodged \u201cstern representations\u201d with Western countries that made remarks about Liu Xiaobo, and add fuel to its testy relationship with Australia.\nAustralia depends on China as its largest trading partner, but Beijing is suspicious of Canberra\u2019s close military relationship with Washington.\nSuspicion of China has been growing in Australia of late, fed by concerns that Beijing is using its growing influence to shift public opinion on sensitive policy issues and stifle criticism.\n",
        "caption": "Liu Xia, wife of jailed Nobel Peace Prize winner and Chinese dissident Liu Xiaobo, holds a portrait of him during his funeral in Shenyang in northeastern China's Liaoning Province, July 15, 2017. The photo shows, from left to right, Liu Hui, younger brother of Liu Xia, Liu Xia and Liu Xiaoxuan, younger brother of Liu Xiaobo holding his cremated remains.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/72339491-B3D3-475C-8853-C92F9BCEB086.jpg",
        "id": "20213_1",
        "answer": [
            "a petition known as \u201cCharter 08\u201d",
            "None",
            "a petition known as \u201cCharter 08\u201d calling for sweeping political reforms in China"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Liu Xiaobo"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_16_3946127",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_16_3946127_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in the image with the striped tie do?",
        "context": "Accelerated THAAD Deployment Dividing South Korean Presidential Candidates\nSEOUL, SOUTH KOREA \u2014\u00a0\nLeading South Korean presidential contenders have criticized the rushed deployment of the U.S. THAAD anti-missile system less than two weeks before their country\u2019s election.\nEarly Wednesday morning, a military convoy of 20 trucks and trailers transported components for the Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) missile defense battery to the designated deployment site on a Lotte-owned golf course in the rural southeastern county of Seongju. Included were key elements needed to make the THAAD system operational: road-mobile launchers, interceptor missiles equipped with precise infrared seeking technology, and a powerful radar system to target enemy missiles.\nIn this photo provided by U.S. Forces Korea, trucks carrying U.S. missile launchers and other equipment needed to set up the Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) missile defense system arrive at the Osan air base in Pyeongtaek, South Korea, March 6, 2017.\nOn Thursday the South Korean defense ministry said THAAD is being deployed ahead of schedule to meet the increased North Korea nuclear and ballistic missile threat.\n\u201cBased on the common understanding between South Korea and the U.S., and on the grave security situation on the Korean peninsula, the need for the immediate operation capability of the THAAD system was accelerated,\u201d said Moon Sang-kyun, the Defense Ministry spokesman.\nAdmiral Harry Harris, commander of the U.S. Pacific Command (PACOM), told a congressional hearing in Washington Wednesday the THAAD system will become operational \u201cin the coming days.\u201d\nPolitical timing\nBut the surprise overnight operation came before construction and environmental inspections at the site have been completed, and just before the May 9 presidential election in which THAAD has become a divisive campaign issue.\nThe early South Korean election was brought on by the impeachment of the former President Park Geun-hye for her alleged involvement in a multimillion-dollar corruption scandal. Park is currently in prison and has been indicted on multiple criminal charges, including bribery, for her role in the scandal.\nMoon Jae-in, the leading presidential candidate with the liberal leaning Democratic Party of Korea, criticized the sudden THAAD deployment. Moon has said he wants to postpone deploying the U.S. advance anti-missile system until the new president takes office and can evaluate its benefits and drawbacks.\n\u201cThe delivery should be halted even how, and the next administration should ultimately decide this issue,\u201d Moon\u2019s campaign manger Park Kwang-on said Wednesday.\nAhn Cheol-soo with the People\u2019s Party, the second leading candidate who is a supporter of the THAAD system, also decried the accelerated deployment by the U.S. and South Korean military forces as an attempt to bypass legal and democratic constraints.\nThe People\u2019s Party Chief Spokesperson Kumju Son released a statement Wednesday saying, \u201cAs the deployment of THAAD is for the safekeeping of Korea and its people, its placement must take place according to due process and after careful discussions with residents of the area.\u201d\nSouth Korean presidential election candidates (from left) Yoo Seung-min of the Bareun Party, Ahn Cheol-soo of the People's Party, Hong Joon-pyo of the Liberty Korea Party, Moon Jae-in of the Democratic Party of Korea and Sim Sang-jung of the Justice Party, pose before a televised debate in Seoul Sunday, April 23, 2017.\nTHAAD opponents\nProtesters Wednesday tried to block the military convoy from entering the deployment site. Many residents living nearby worry about possible negative health and environmental effects, despite reassurances from government officials that the powerful radar system poses no danger. Local opponents are also concerned the THAAD deployment nearby makes this rural region a likely target for a possible North Korean missile strike.\nNationally, opponents argue THAAD is ineffective against the North\u2019s short-range missile and massive artillery arsenal that could target half of the nation\u2019s population of 50 million living in Seoul and other regions close to the inter-Korean border. The negligible defensive benefit, they say, is not worth the risk of provoking North Korea and alienating China.\nBeijing opposes THAAD as an unnecessary military escalation and voiced concern that the system\u2019s radar could be used to spy on them and other countries as well. China has reportedly imposed informal economic sanctions against South Korea by limiting tourism, imports of Korean cosmetics, and cancelling K-pop concerts and shutting down a number of South Korean department stores in China.\nUS Alliance\nThe United States and South Korea agreed last year to deploy THAAD to counter the threat of missile launches by North Korea. They say it is solely aimed at defending against North Korea.\nThe acting government continues to fully support THAAD, but following the impeachment scandal of the conservative Park, public support has dropped dramatically for the party she once led, now called the Liberty Korea Party.\nConservatives have tried to make unbridled support for THAAD and the U.S. alliance a key campaign issue and have been critical of the two frontrunners\u2019 support for unconditional engagement and dialogue with the Kim Jong Un government.\nKwang Myoung-cha, a Liberty Korea Party official, released a statement Thursday saying past liberal presidential administrations stirred \u201cintense and pervasive\u201d anti-U.S. sentiments and that \u201cthe public image of the U.S. and the U.S. Army based in the Republic of Korea was hardly positive, which deeply affected Korea-US relations.\u201d\nHowever, Liberty Korea Party candidate Hong Joon-pyo is currently at 9 percent in a recent public opinion poll. Moon, the Democratic Party nominee is at 41 percent, while his closet rival Ahn with the People\u2019s party has stalled at 30 percent.\nYoumi Kim contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "South Korean presidential election candidates (from left) Yoo Seung-min of the Bareun Party, Ahn Cheol-soo of the People's Party, Hong Joon-pyo of the Liberty Korea Party, Moon Jae-in of the Democratic Party of Korea and Sim Sang-jung of the Justice Party, pose before a televised debate in Seoul Sunday, April 23, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/CDD142DE-5B99-4A60-AB7F-2BEFA59333B1.jpg",
        "id": "10644_4",
        "answer": [
            "criticized the sudden THAAD deployment",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Moon Jae-in"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_27_3827673",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_27_3827673_4"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person second from right in the image do?",
        "context": "S. Korean Presidential Candidates Downplay Differences with US on N. Korea\nSEOUL \u2014\u00a0\nSouth Korean Presidential candidates debated this week how to manage relations with Seoul\u2019s increasingly forceful U.S. ally, as tensions mount over the North Korean nuclear threat.\nAn early South Korean presidential election, scheduled for May 9, was precipitated by the impeachment of ex-President Park Geun-hye for her alleged involvement in a multi-million dollar corruption scandal. Park is currently under arrest and has been indicted on multiple criminal charges, including bribery for her role in the scandal.\nOusted South Korean President Park Geun-hye arrives at the Seoul Central District Court for a hearing on a prosecutors' request for her arrest for corruption, in Seoul, South Korea, March 30, 2017.\nAt a presidential debate in Seoul Wednesday, the major party candidates addressed what South Korea can do to resolve the volatile stand-off between North Korea\u2019s defiant development of nuclear weapons and ballistic missiles and repeated warnings by the new administration of U.S. President Donald Trump that it would consider the unilateral use of military force against a provocative act by Pyongyang that threatens U.S. security.\nFollowing the impeachment of the discredited conservative Park, the two leading presidential contenders in public opinion polls are liberal-leaning advocates for increased dialogue and engagement with North Korea. However the frontrunner, the Democratic Party\u2019s Moon Jae-in, stressed his support for harsh sanctions against Pyongyang and the strong military alliance with the United States, and said any differences with U.S. policy could be handled through constructive diplomatic channels.\nFILE - South Korea's opposition Democratic Party leader Moon Jae-in celebrates after winning the nomination as the party's presidential candidate during a party's presidential primary in Seoul, South Korea, April 3, 2017.\n\u201cI think we need to closely discuss and cooperate with the U.S., which is our ally. In the process, we have to express our opinion to make sure our position is fully adopted,\u201d said Moon.\nThe second leading contender, Ahn Cheol-soo with the People\u2019s Party, said he would engage in shuttle diplomacy with the U.S. and China to give the Korean people a greater voice to peacefully resolve the longstanding division at the heart of this crisis.\nFILE - Ahn Cheol-soo, a presidential candidate of South Korea's People's Party, speaks at a forum in Seoul, South Korea, Thursday, April 6, 2017.\n\u201cWe have to let them know we need to avoid war and we have to be the main agent in these various situations that determine the fate of South Korea,\u201d he said.\nDifferent endgames\nAll the candidates, liberal and conservative, agreed with the Trump administration that China must increase pressure on its economically dependent ally in Pyongyang. But they differed on the purpose of the increased sanctions on the Kim Jong Un leadership.\nU.S. Vice President Mike Pence this week argued the Kim Jong Un government must be forced to unconditionally dismantle its nuclear and ballistic missiles programs because North Korea violated all past deals that offered economic and security incentives for compliance.\nU.S. Vice President Mike Pence, left, speaks as South Korea's acting President and Prime Minister Hwang Kyo-ahn listens during a joint news conference after their meeting in Seoul, South Korea, Monday, April 17, 2017.\nThe leading South Korean candidates support sanctions as a means to convince the North to enter multilateral negotiations that would again offer increasing development aid and investment for nuclear concessions.\nHowever, Northeast Asia analyst Daniel Pinkston with Troy University in Seoul said whatever differences may arise between a potentially left leaning government in Seoul and hardliners in Washington, their longstanding alliance will continue to be united by their shared interests and a common enemy.\n\u201cI think any difficulty will be manageable particularly since the alliance is mature and very well institutionalized at this time, in the shadow of this increasingly threatening North Korean posture,\u201d said Pinkston.\nTHAAD\nThe conservative candidates criticized Moon for his ambiguous stance on the THAAD missile defense system. Moon said he wants to postpone deploying the U.S. advance anti-missile system until the new president takes office and can evaluate its benefits and drawbacks. But at the debate Moon said he would use the threat of THAAD deployment to pressure China to restrain North Korea.\n\u201cFor China, we have to make it clear that it is unavoidable to deploy THAAD if North Korea conducts a nuclear test.\u201d he said.\nFILE - In this photo provided by U.S. Forces Korea, trucks carrying parts of U.S. missile launchers and other equipment needed to set up A Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) system arrive at Osan air base in Pyeongtaek, South Korea, March 6, 2017.\nAhn strongly supports THAAD, as do the conservative candidates. And they all object to China\u2019s coercive tactics to try to pressure South Korea to cancel the missile defense system deployment.\nBeijing opposes THAAD as an unnecessary and provocative regional military escalation and has voiced concern that the system\u2019s powerful radar could be used to spy on them and other countries. China has reportedly imposed informal economic sanctions against South Korea by limiting tourism and imports of Korean cosmetics, canceling K-pop concerts and shutting down a number of South Korean department stores in China.\nYoumi Kim contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "(L-R) Sim Sang-jung, candidate of the leftist Justice Party, Hong Joon-pyo, candidate of the conservative Liberty Korea Party, Yoo Seung-min, candidate of the conservative Bareun Party, Moon Jae-in, candidate of the liberal Democratic Party of Korea and Ahn Cheol-soo, presidential candidate of the centrist People's Party, pose for photographers prior their joint debate forum for the 09 May presidential election at a TV station in Seoul, South Korea, 19 April 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/01D600CE-17EE-4799-8DEE-D8DC4430B8E4.jpg",
        "id": "7077_1",
        "answer": [
            "stressed his support for harsh sanctions against Pyongyang",
            "stressed his support for harsh sanctions against Pyongyang and the strong military alliance with the United States"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Moon Jae-in"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_20_3818097",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_20_3818097_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the client of the person in the image do over the course of several years?",
        "context": "Russian Hacker Sentenced to 27 Years in Credit Card Scheme\nThe son of a Russian lawmaker was sentenced Friday by a U.S. federal court to 27 years in prison after being convicted of a cyber assault on thousands of U.S. businesses, marking the longest hacking-related sentence in the United States.\nRoman Seleznev, 32, was found guilty last year by a jury in Seattle of perpetrating a scheme that prosecutors said involved hacking into point-of-sale computers to steal credit card numbers and caused $169 million in losses to U.S. firms.\nThe Russian government has maintained that his arrest in 2014 in the Maldives was illegal. It issued a statement Friday criticizing the sentence and said it believed Seleznev's lawyer planned to appeal.\n\"We continue to believe that the arrest of the Russian citizen Roman Seleznev, who de facto was kidnapped on the territory of a third country, is unlawful,\" the Russian Embassy in Washington said in a post on its Facebook page.\nFILE - Valery Seleznev, a prominent Russian lawmaker and the father of now-convicted hacker Roman Seleznev, speaks to reporters during a news conference in Moscow, July 11, 2014.\nSeleznev is the son of Valery Seleznev, a member of the Russian parliament.\nThe sentence, imposed by Judge Richard A. Jones of the Western District of Washington, followed a decade-long investigation by the U.S. Secret Service.\nIn a handwritten statement provided by his lawyer, Seleznev said he believed the harsh sentence was a way for the United States government to send a message to Russia's president, Vladimir Putin.\n\"This message the United States sent today is not the right way to show Vladimir Putin, Russia or any other government in this world how justice works in a democracy,\" Seleznev wrote in the statement.\nA screenshot of a tutorial posted online by Russian hacker Roman Seleznev on how to steal credit card data is displayed for reporters, April 21, 2017, in Seattle, following the federal court sentencing of Seleznev to 27 years in prison after he was convicted of stealing credit card data.\nProsecutors said that from October 2009 to October 2013, Seleznev stole credit card numbers from more than 500 U.S. businesses, transferred the data to servers in Virginia, Russia and the Ukraine and eventually sold the information on criminal \"carding\" websites.\nSeleznev faces separate charges pending in federal courts in Nevada and Georgia.\nA federal grand jury in Connecticut returned an eight-count indictment charging a Russian national who was arrested earlier this month with operating the Kelihos botnet, a global network of tens of thousands of infected computers, the U.S. Justice Department said Friday.\n",
        "caption": "Igor Litvak (right) the attorney for Russian hacker Roman Seleznev, talks to reporters, April 21, 2017, in Seattle, following the federal court sentencing of Seleznev to 27 years in prison after he was convicted of hacking into U.S. businesses to steal credit card data.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/32C4E0E0-52CC-4849-89C9-8E2BFDD10B06.jpg",
        "id": "4691_1",
        "answer": [
            "hacking into U.S. businesses to steal credit card data",
            "stole credit card numbers from more than 500 U.S. businesses, transferred the data to servers in Virginia, Russia and the Ukraine and eventually sold the information on criminal \"carding\" websites."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Seleznev",
            "Roman Seleznev"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_22_3821161",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_22_3821161_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the intended purpose of the device in the image?",
        "context": "Singaporean Sentenced in US for Exporting Bomb Parts to Iran\nA Singaporean man has been sentenced to 40 months in a U.S. prison for his role in exporting thousands of radio frequency modules from the U.S. to Iran, at least 14 of which were later found in unexploded improvised explosive devices in Iraq. \nLim Yong Nam, also known as Steven Lim, 43, pleaded guilty in December of illegally exporting the modules through Singapore to Iran. The U.S. Justice Department said Lim and his associates admitted knowing that the export of U.S.-origin goods to Iran was a violation of U.S. law.\nThe radio frequency modules made by a Minnesota company have several commercial applications, including in wireless local area networks connecting printers and computers in office settings.\nIn 2008 and 2009, coalition forces in Iraq recovered numerous modules made by the Minnesota firm that had been utilized as part of the remote detonation system for IEDs, which were the major source of American combat casualties in Iraq.\nLim was extradited to the U.S. in 2016 from Indonesia, where he had been held since 2014 in connection with the U.S. request for extradition, the Justice Department said.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A Singapore man was sentenced for his role in exporting radio frequency modules from the U.S. to Iran, which were later used in improvised explosive devices, similar to this one found by U.S. Marines in Iraq.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/904874BE-288F-4FAF-926F-9E33593AD93E.jpg",
        "id": "24098_1",
        "answer": [
            "commercial applications"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "radio frequency modules"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_27_3828712",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_27_3828712_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Why did the man on the left in the image choose to interact with the other foreign leader?",
        "context": "Australian Leader Says North Korea Will Dominate Trump Talks\nCANBERRA, AUSTRALIA \u2014\u00a0\nAustralia's prime minister said Wednesday that he and U.S. President Donald Trump will engage as two seasoned businessmen-turned-politicians when they meet for the first time, focusing on North Korea, security and economic issues.\nPrime Minister Malcolm Turnbull was speaking hours before he departed Sydney for New York, where he will meet Trump on Thursday, more than three months after the two had a heated telephone conversation over a refugee deal.\n\"We'll talk about the wide range of security and economic issues, but top of the list obviously at the moment is North Korea,\" Turnbull told Seven Network television.\nTurnbull described media reports of his Jan. 28 telephone conversation with Trump, in which the president reluctantly agreed to honor an agreement with President Barack Obama's administration to take up to 1,250 refugees off Australia's hands, as \"very exaggerated.\" He has previously denied media reports that Trump hung up on him, but has provided few details of the conversation.\n\"The president and I had a frank, forthright and courteous call. We are both people with a long background in business and I think \u2014 I've got no doubt \u2014 that we'll get on fine,\" Turnbull told Sydney Radio WSFM.\nTurnbull, Australia's wealthiest lawmaker and a former Goldman Sachs partner with an estimated fortune exceeding $150 million, will highlight the U.S.-Australian defense alliance by standing shoulder-to-shoulder with Trump at a ceremony marking the 75 anniversary of the Battle of the Coral Sea.\nU.S. and Australian warships and fighter planes fought the Japanese from May 4-8, 1942, with the Japanese navy being forced back for the first time in World War II.\nMichael Fullilove, executive director of the Lowy Institute, a Sydney-based foreign policy think tank, will attend the ceremony aboard the decommissioned aircraft carrier USS Intrepid. Fullilove said it was important that Turnbull \"establish a working, personal relationship with Mr. Trump.\"\n\"The first phone call was really disastrous, in a way,\" Fullilove told Australian Broadcasting Corp. from New York.\nTurnbull will need to strike a balance because Trump is unpopular in Australia, Fullilove said. The Lowy Institute commissioned an opinion poll last year that found 77 percent of Australian respondents wanted Democrat nominee Hillary Clinton to become president, and only 11 percent preferred Trump.\nThe phone survey of 1,002 Australian adults was conducted on June 1-9 and had a 3.1 percent margin of error.\n\"The Australian public want to know the Australian prime minister has the ear of the president,\" Fullilove said. \"You pull off a successful meeting, but at the same time, you're not trying to pretend that you're chummier than you really are.\"\nUnder the Obama-era refugee resettlement agreement, the U.S. will take up to 1,250 refugees \u2014 mostly Muslims from Africa, the Middle East and Asia \u2014 that Australia houses in immigration camps on the Pacific island nations of Nauru and Papua New Guinea.\nTrump, who campaigned on tough-on-immigration policies, was enraged by the agreement, prompting a tense phone call with Turnbull and an angry tweet in which the president dubbed the deal \"dumb.\"\nTurnbull told the president: \"I'm a businessman, you're a businessman. A deal is a deal,\" Australian officials said at the time.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - This combination of file photos shows, from left to right: U.S. President Donald Trump on Jan. 28, 2017, and Australian Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull on Nov. 20, 2016. Turnbull said he and President Donald Trump will focus on North Korea, security and economic issues when they meet for the first time this week in New York on Thursday, May 4, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/04FB6FF9-2B07-48AA-9730-23A670CB8541.jpg",
        "id": "30350_1",
        "answer": [
            "was enraged by the agreement"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_03_3835838",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_03_3835838_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who changed the layout of the location in the image?",
        "context": "Hollande: Paris Shooting Looks Like Terrorism\nPARIS \u2014\u00a0\nFrench President Francois Hollande says all signs point to terrorism in an attack on the Champs-Elysees in Paris that killed one policeman Thursday night and wounded two others.\nHollande said security will be tightened ahead of Sunday's presidential election. \"We shall be of the utmost vigilance, especially in relation to the election,\" he told the nation on television.\nPiecing together reports from witnesses, investigators said a gunman jumped out of a car near a subway station and opened fire on a police vehicle with a machine gun. He was killed by police gunfire. It is unclear if anyone else was involved.\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nChamps-\u00c9lys\u00e9es, France Scene After Reported Shooting\nShare this video\n0:00:25\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:25\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 1.3MB\n360p | 2.2MB\n480p | 12.6MB\nIslamic State, which claimed responsibility through its news agency, identified the shooter as \"Abu Yussef the Belgian,\" calling him \"one of Islamic State's fighters.\"\nParis police said the dead gunman has been identified, but they have not released his name or said if he was working with Islamic State.\nPolice closed off a large part of the Champs-Elysees, one of the world's most renowned boulevards, popular with residents and tourists for its fashionable shops and restaurants.\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTrump on France: 'What Can You Say, It Never Ends'\nShare this video\n0:00:26\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:26\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 1.3MB\n360p | 2.0MB\n480p | 9.6MB\nIn Washington, President Donald Trump sent condolences to the French people. He called the attack \"a terrible thing,\" and said it was another example of the sort of violence that \"never ends.\"\nFrance is on edge ahead of Sunday's presidential election, with a very close outcome expected. The country is still feeling the effects of a series of deadly Islamic terrorist attacks over the past two years that killed more than 200 people.\n",
        "caption": "Police secure the Champs-Elysees avenue after one policeman was killed and another wounded in a shooting incident in Paris, France, April 20, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/6BF26D6D-99D3-4303-84F1-AB9C04B7ED4D.jpg",
        "id": "10472_1",
        "answer": [
            "Police",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Champs-Elysees",
            "Champs-Elysees avenue"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_20_3818882",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_20_3818882_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is being sent to the people in the image?",
        "context": "Afghan Provincial Governor Confident US Marines Will Help Contain Taliban\nISLAMABAD \u2014\u00a0\nThe United States is readying a group of roughly 300 Marines to deploy to Afghanistan\u2019s southern Helmand province this spring to assist local forces retake several districts lost to the Taliban during the past year and defend the provincial capital of Lashkar Gah, seen as the gateway to the rest of the country.\nThe city has come under repeated Taliban offensive in recent months, but Afghan forces have been able to prevent the fall of Lashkar Gah.\nHelmand, the largest poppy-growing Afghan province, has been the scene of intense fighting throughout 2016. Clashes are ongoing in parts of the province, particularly in and around a key district center, Sangin. Wednesday, missiles fired by Taliban insurgents landed in the center of Lashkar Gah, killing a civilian and wounding several others.\nBut newly installed provincial governor, Hayatullah Hayyat, appears confident Afghan forces with the help of American marines will prevail in the battlefield during this fighting season.\n\u201cWe hope that we will expand the area and we will reach those people who are actually taken by the Taliban [and using them] as a human shields. We will be able inshallah [God willing] to extend our freedom and peace to their location,\u201d he told VOA by telephone from Lashkar Gah. \n\u2018A great step\u2019\nHayyat welcomed the planned deployment of U.S. soldiers to Helmand, insisting their role will be limited to advising, mentoring and training Afghan forces.\n\u201cSending additional number of advisors and soldiers to assist our guys in training and advisory role that is excellent because we need to develop our forces, their knowledge, their training and to equip our security forces. So, I think it is a great step and I am quite sure together we will achieve more in this insecure situation,\u201d Hayyat said.\nThe U.S. Inspector General for Afghanistan Reconstruction in his report this week said that eight out of 14 districts of Helmand are under insurgent control or influence.\nGovernor Hayyat says Afghan forces have gained enough battlefield experience during the past two years and are better prepared to tackle Taliban insurgents in the coming warmer months when fighting is expected to pick up in Helmand and elsewhere in Afghanistan.\nBut Hayyat urged the Taliban to cease violence in favor of finding a negotiated solution to the war.\n\u201cThe doors are open for them [Taliban]. I think the only way is that we should discuss and we should come to the table of negotiations, that is the only way which can take us to a prosperous country and also to a stable situation,\u201d the governor added. \nHelmand is the largest of all 34 Afghan provinces and shares borders with Pakistan and Iran. Afghan authorities accuse both neighbors of interference in their country and supporting the Taliban.\nFILE - Afghan Special Forces and policemen prepare for battle with the Taliban on the outskirts of Lashkar Gah, capital of Helmand province, Afghanistan, Oct. 10, 2016. According to a U.S. report, eight out of 14 districts of Helmand province are under insurgent control or influence.\nCalling on Pakistan, Iran\nGovernor Hayyat called on Pakistan and Iran to use their influence with the insurgents to help Afghanistan bring an end to the conflict before it engulfs their territories.\n\u201cI would like to call on these people [Pakistan and Iran] that if they like peace, the Afghans also deserve that. So, I think the only way [for the two countries] is to push or use their influence on the Taliban and other insurgents to come and talk [to the Afghan government],\u201d the Afghan governor maintained.\nHayyat dismissed assertions Taliban leaders and commanders have returned to Helmand from their sanctuaries in neighboring Pakistan.\n\"I think, based on our intelligence information and investigative proofs that we have, they [Taliban] don't have a safe place here to live,\" the Afghan governor claimed.\nHe suggested Iran\u2019s link to the Taliban could be aimed at fueling the insurgency in order to obstruct construction of dams in Helmand and neighboring provinces of Nimrozz and Farha, which share a border with Iran.\n\u201cI think Iran is keen that we should not stop this water,\u201d the governor said.\nPakistan and Iran deny allegations of supporting the insurgent violence in Afghanistan and maintain they are making all possible efforts to promote peace and reconciliation between the warring sides.\nHayyat says he hopes President Donald Trump\u2019s new administration will continue U.S. assistance for Afghan military and civilian reconstruction programs.\nThere are about 8,400 U.S troops stationed in Afghanistan as part of NATO\u2019s Resolute Support mission, conducting training, \u2018advise and assist\u2019 missions, and counterterrorism operations against al-Qaida remnants and loyalists of Islamic State in Afghanistan.\nU.S. officials say the 300 Marines deployed to Helmand will be the largest number of Marines operating in the country since 2014, when most American combats troops left Afghanistan.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Afghan Special Forces and policemen prepare for battle with the Taliban on the outskirts of Lashkar Gah, capital of Helmand province, Afghanistan, Oct. 10, 2016. According to a U.S. report, eight out of 14 districts of Helmand province are under insurgent control or influence.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/79380BA5-F89F-46E9-AE32-4D507FA36342.jpg",
        "id": "23080_3",
        "answer": [
            "roughly 300 Marines"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "forces"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_02_3703204",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_02_3703204_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the person with glasses in the image need?",
        "context": "Trump Details Health Law Changes He Wants; Republicans Divided\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nPresident Donald Trump has laid out changes he wants to make in U.S. health care policies, but his Republican colleagues in Congress remain divided about exactly how to repeal and then replace the national reforms championed by former president Barack Obama.\nTrump met Wednesday with Republican congressional leaders at the White House in a legislative strategy session, a half day after spelling out details in his address to a joint session of Congress of how he wants to repeal and revamp the Obama health law, popularly known as Obamacare.\nTrump said he wants to make sure Americans with pre-existing medical conditions can still buy insurance. But rather than forcing Americans to buy medical insurance or pay a penalty if they do not, Trump said a new law should send tax credits to Americans to help them buy their own insurance policies, ones they want rather than ones he said have been \"forced on them by our government.\"\nHe also said he wants to negotiate downward the \"artificially high price of drugs\" Americans pay for their medical needs, give state governors more flexibility in covering medical costs for poorer people and allow purchase of insurance across state lines in an effort to force insurers to offer competitively priced policies.\nRepublicans have long sought to rescind the 2010 Obama law, saying its mandatory requirement to buy insurance is an unwarranted intrusion by the national government on personal rights, something Trump said \"was never the right solution for our country.\"\nFILE - A woman reads a leaflet on Obamacare at a health insurance enrollment event in Cudahy, California, March 27, 2014. The initiative, launched in 2010 and long scorned by Republicans, has been providing health care coverage to some 20 million previously uninsured Americans.\nDivided opinions\nSome Republican lawmakers praised the president's move to detail changes he wants and called it a plausible replacement for Obamacare. But numerous conservative lawmakers balked at the idea of handing tax credits to poorer people to buy insurance, derisively calling the plan \"Obamacare Lite.\"\nSenator Ted Cruz, one of Trump's main foes for the Republican presidential nomination last year, called the tax credits \"a massive and new entitlement program.\" Other Republicans voiced skepticism whether Trump's plan to give states control over health programs for poorer people would lead to spending rollbacks and possibly leave millions of people with no insurance coverage.\nSenate Republican leader Mitch McConnell planned to huddle later Wednesday with his 52-member majority in the 100-member Senate to try to reach accord on a plan they all could support. McConnell needs virtually all Republicans to support a repeal and replace plan, because Democrats are virtually unanimous in continuing support for Obamacare, which national surveys show has risen in popularity as Republicans have moved closer to trying to repeal it.\nUnder the law, about 20 million previously uninsured Americans now have coverage to help pay their medical bills. But the cost of the policies has risen, leaving many individuals unable to afford their premiums.\nAbout half of Americans have medical insurance through their employers, another third are covered through government programs for senior citizens and poorer people, while the rest have been buying policies under Obamacare or are uninsured. \n",
        "caption": "President Donald Trump hosts a lunch with Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell (L) and Speaker of the House Paul Ryan (R) at the White House in Washington, March 1, 2017. Intent on repealing health care changes introduced under former president Barack Obama, Republicans have yet to agree on a workable replacement plan.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B9B56922-3CFC-449D-BDBD-3AC14A11FA1A.jpg",
        "id": "16262_1",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "virtually all Republicans to support a repeal and replace plan"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "McConnell",
            "Mitch McConnell"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_01_3745670",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_01_3745670_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person at the podium in the image shake off?",
        "context": "Temer Calls Graft Charge a \u2018Fiction' That Will Hurt Brazil's Economy\nBRAZILIA \u2014\u00a0\nPresident Michel Temer called a corruption charge filed against him by Brazil's top prosecutor a \u201cfiction\u201d on Tuesday, as the nation faced deepening political turmoil under its first sitting head of state to be formally accused of a committing a crime.\nTemer, who was charged Monday night with arranging to receive millions of dollars in bribes, said the move would have a negative impact on Brazil's economic recovery, possibly paralyzing efforts at reform.\nThe conservative leader said executives of the world's biggest meatpacker, JBS SA, who accused him in plea-bargain testimony of arranging to take 38 million reais ($11.4 million) in bribes in the coming months, did so only to escape jail for their own crimes.\nA customer watches a televised statement by Brazil's President Michel Temer at a snack bar in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, June 27, 2017.\nTemer addresses nation\n\u201cI have been charged with taking bribes without ever having received a cent,\u201d Temer said in a nationally televised speech. \u201cI\u2019ve never seen any of that money and I have never taken part in planning to commit any crimes.\u201d\nUnder Brazilian law, now that top prosecutor Rodrigo Janot has charged Temer, it is up to the House of Deputies to vote on whether or not to allow the Supreme Court to try the leader, who replaced impeached leftist President Dilma Rousseff just over a year ago.\nTwo-thirds of the lower house must vote against Temer for his trial to occur.\nTemer's allies in the lower house say they have the votes needed to block the charge. But Janot is widely expected to level fresh charges of racketeering and obstruction of justice against Temer in the coming weeks, forcing lawmakers into multiple votes on a possible presidential trial.\nA visitor looks at the price monitors at the the BM&FBOVESPA Stock Market in Sao Paulo, Brazil, June 27, 2017. A day after Brazil's top prosecutor formally accused President Michel Temer of corruption, markets largely shrugged off the news.\nMultiple votes a concern\nSeveral top lawmakers allied with the ruling coalition have told Reuters they are concerned that multiple votes to protect a deeply unpopular leader could erode his support, eventually prying open the door to a trial.\nIf a case against Temer were taken up by the Supreme Court, the president would be removed from office for at least 180 days, leaving House speaker Rodrigo Maia to serve as the country's interim leader.\nTemer, whose government has an approval rating in the single digits, has already resisted repeated opposition calls to resign. But if he were found guilty, Congress would then choose someone to lead the nation through the remainder of his term, which ends on Jan. 1, 2019.\nThe charge against Temer was widely expected and investors were calm on Tuesday. Brazil's benchmark Bovespa index was down 0.8 percent and the local currency slipped 0.6 percent in late afternoon trading.\nCorruption found at all levels \nInvestigators have uncovered corruption at all levels of Brazil's political class and business elites in recent years.\nMuch of it centers on companies paying billions of dollars in bribes to politicians and executives at state-run enterprises in return for lucrative contracts.\nTemer and one-third of his cabinet, as well as four former presidents and dozens of lawmakers are under investigation or already charged in the schemes. Over 90 people have been convicted.\n",
        "caption": "Brazil's President Michel Temer, right, reads a statement accompanied by supporters and ministers of his government, at the Planalto Presidential Palace, in Brasilia, June 27, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B6EE7A1B-2574-423E-9E0A-28C6F82C530B.jpg",
        "id": "27967_1",
        "answer": [
            "a corruption charge filed against him"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "President Michel Temer"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_27_3918692",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_27_3918692_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the partially bald person from the image keep hidden?",
        "context": "US Intelligence Chiefs Decline to Discuss Conversations with Trump\nTwo top U.S. intelligence officials told lawmakers they did not feel inappropriately pressured by President Donald Trump to publicly disavow possible Russian collusion with Trump aides in last year's election.\nBut Director of National Intelligence Dan Coats and National Security Agency Director Michael Rogers told the Senate Intelligence Committee they would not discuss details of their White House meetings with Trump in recent months. They refused to answer questions about whether Trump asked them to intervene to curb the investigation of Russian interference in the 2016 campaign.\n\"I\u2019ve never felt pressure, to intervene or interfere in any way shape, with shaping intelligence, in a political way,\" Coats said. \"Or, in relationship to an ongoing investigation.\u201d\nA Washington Post report Wednesday said in March, less than a week after the Senate confirmed Coats to oversee the 17 U.S. intelligence agencies, Trump asked him to intervene with then-FBI Director James Comey to back off an investigation of Trump's first national security adviser, Michael Flynn, whom Trump fired after just 24 days on the job for lying to Vice President Mike Pence about his contacts with Russia's ambassador to Washington.\nBut Coats said it would be inappropriate to publicly discuss his White House talks with Trump, even though he said the White House had not sought to block discussion of his private conversations with the president\nWhen pressed by one lawmaker to explain why he was refusing to answer questions about his conversations with the president, Coats replied, \"I\u2019m not sure I have a legal basis.\"\nWATCH: Coats on whether he was asked to intervene in Russia probe\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nCoats: \u2018Never Felt Pressure to Intervene, Interfere in Any Way\u2019 to Investigation\nShare this video\n0:01:20\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:20\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 4.0MB\n360p | 5.9MB\n480p | 32.2MB\nRogers took the same stance against talking about his conversations with Trump, but denied feeling any pressure from the president to publicly downplay any Trump campaign connection to Russian officials.\n\"In the three plus years I have been director of the National Security Agency to the best of my recollection, I have never been directed to do anything I believe to be illegal, immoral, unethical or inappropriate,\" Rogers said. \"And to the best of my recollection, during that same period of service, I do not recall ever feeling pressured to do so.\u201d\nWATCH: Rogers on whether Trump pressured him on Russia probe \nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nRogers: \u2018Never Been Directed To Do Anything I Believe To Be Illegal\u2019\nShare this video\n0:01:32\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:32\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 4.6MB\n360p | 7.1MB\n480p | 40.7MB\nCoats and Rogers testified on the first of two days of hearings focused on Trump's efforts to curb the investigation of what he says is a \"witch hunt\" aimed at undermining the legitimacy of his upset victory in the November election, an excuse he says opposition Democrats are using to account for his defeat of former U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton.\nDid Trump interfere?\nOn Thursday, Comey, whom Trump fired last month while he was heading the agency's Russia investigation, is set to testify before the same Senate panel. In an early release of his planned testimony, Comey said Trump in January asked the former FBI chief for personal loyalty and then, on the day after Trump fired Flynn in February, urged him to back off the FBI investigation of Flynn's Russia connections.\nTrump, according to the Post's account, complained to Coats and Central Intelligence Agency chief Mike Pompeo about Comey's handling of the Russia probe. Coats discussed Trump's request with aides, but decided that intervening with Comey was inappropriate. As he decided to fire Comey, Trump said he was thinking of \"this Russia thing.\"\nCoats' and Rogers' testimony comes as a new Post-ABC News poll said a 56-percent majority of U.S. adults think Trump is interfering with several Russia investigations, while 61 percent think Trump fired Comey to protect himself rather than for the good of the country.\nBut the news organizations' survey also said Americans are skeptical about what Comey says about Russian meddling in the election. The FBI and other U.S. agencies said earlier this year Moscow interfered to help Trump win, but the poll said only 36 percent of those surveyed say they trust what Comey says about Russia \"a great deal\" or \"a good amount.\"\nBut the survey also said only slightly more than one in five people trust what Trump says about Russia's role in the campaign.\n",
        "caption": "From left, acting FBI Director Andrew McCabe, Deputy Attorney General Rod Rosenstein, and From left, acting FBI Director Andrew McCabe, Deputy Attorney General Rod Rosenstein, and Director of National Intelligence Dan Coats, testify before a Senate Intelligence Committee hearing about the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act, on Capitol Hill, June 7, 2017, in Washington. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/9380B10C-911C-45E4-B6DC-37BC6425AAE6.jpg",
        "id": "30737_1",
        "answer": [
            "details of their White House meetings with Trump in recent months"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Dan Coats"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_07_3890541",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_07_3890541_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in the middle of the image stress?",
        "context": "On Syrian Border, Haley Confronts Civil War's Reality\nBAB AL-HAWA, TURKEY-SYRIA BORDER \u2014\u00a0\nPresident Donald Trump's U.N. envoy set foot Wednesday in the no-man's-land between Syria and Turkey, witnessing the precarious transfer of aid supplies into a seemingly interminable conflict. That reality is far removed from America's years-old hope for President Bashar Assad to leave power and speedily end the civil war.\nFrom the Syrian side of the border zone, Ambassador Nikki Haley gazed up at a Turkish flag plastered onto signs marking the entrance into that nation's territory. Syrian refugees once flooded through the run-down Bab al-Hawa Border Crossing until officials cracked down. These days it's only aid convoys that pass back and forth, trying to meet an unrelenting demand for food, health supplies and other basic needs in the Arab country.\nFerried to the border in an armored motorcade, Haley walked to within just a few feet of entering the Arab land, becoming the highest-ranking U.S. official to come so close to Syrian territory in years. Underscoring the danger, security officials spirited her away from the border after unmarked vehicles were spotted moving toward the area.\nBeyond the frontier, she confronted a human reminder of the world's failure to resolve the war: About 8,400 Syrian refugees in a Turkish refugee camp, some of them stuck there for more than five years.\nU.S. Ambassador to the U.N. Nikki Haley, center, poses for pictures with Syrian refugee children at the Sakirpasa Umran school, funded by the US government, during its opening ceremony in Adana, southern Turkey, May 24, 2017.\nHaley brings \u2018new life\u2019 to efforts to help refugees \nThe dominant theme of Haley's trip this week to Jordan and Turkey was the need to retool the global approach to meet the needs of Syrians stuck in a protracted conflict now in its seventh year. Haley said she wanted to \u201cbring new life\u201d to efforts to help the refugees, mentioning schooling and training in particular.\n\u201cThe things they are learning here, you want them to be able to pick it up and do it there,\u201d Haley said. ``How do you strengthen them and don't let them stand still?''\nThough many more refugees have rebuilt their lives in cities, the camps stand as evidence of the failure to resolve a war that has killed hundreds of thousands, sparked worldwide terror and migration crises, and destabilized much of the Middle East. Once envisioned as a temporary solution, they seem increasingly permanent, filled with children who recall no life before the camps.\nThere have been growing concerns about a \u201clost generation\u201d of Syrians growing up outside their home country, their worlds defined by the conflict. Many are receiving no education, health care or other basic necessities.\nTo that end, Haley and other U.S. officials have encouraged Syria's neighbors, who've absorbed the majority of the millions of refugees, to treat them less like visitors and more like locals, living, working and studying among the regular population. But it is a request that increases demands on the host nations' already-beleaguered infrastructures and limited resources. And it comes as the Trump administration is proposing severe cuts in U.S. assistance for overseas refugees and programs targeting children in need.\nU.S. Ambassador Nikki Haley, center left, walks past food parcels provided by the World Food Program, part of the humanitarian aid shipments into Syria, during a visit at the Reyhanli border crossing with Syria, May 24, 2017.\n\u2018US is very much going to take charge\u2019\nSix years on since the United States first called on Assad to go, his hold on power serves as a bitter indictment of failed efforts to end the war.\nHaving blamed former President Barack Obama for letting the crisis fester, Trump says he is increasing engagement. The administration announced it will arm Syrian Kurds fighting the Islamic State group, a step the Kurds long implored Obama to take. And Trump ordered airstrikes on a military base belonging to Assad's military after accusing it of using chemical weapons.\n\u201cYou've seen that they've actually militarily continued to look at Syria and when and if there's going to be a role there,\u201d Haley said, referring to the Trump administration. \u201cJust like with the chemical weapons ... the U.S. is not going to sit back and let others deal with it. The U.S. is very much going to take charge if they need to, if they see something being done that's wrong to the people of Syria.\u201d\nBut on the peace front, the U.S. has spearheaded no new effort, and Trump's overall approach has not deviated dramatically from his predecessor's. Obama, too, relied on Kurdish forces to do the toughest fighting. And Obama, like Trump, tried repeatedly to engage with Russia \u2014 Assad's strongest ally \u2014 to facilitate talks that could yield a political resolution.\nU.S. Ambassador to the U.N. Nikki Haley, center, sings and dances with Syrian refugee children during a visit at the Boynuyogun refugee camp near Hatay, southern Turkey, May 24, 2017.\nUS unsure on Russia-led safe zones plan\nTrump's young administration has struggled to determine whether to embrace or reject a deal struck by Russia, Turkey and Iran to create four safe zones in Syria where Assad's forces and the Syrian opposition would stop fighting. Not only is the U.S. not a party to the deal, undermining America's role as a key mediator in the conflict, but the involvement of Iran \u2014 another Assad backer \u2014 has fueled U.S. skepticism.\nHaley said the U.S. would \u201clook at the opportunities\u201d in the Russia-led deal, but intended for the ultimate resolution to come through stalled U.N.-led talks.\nAt the Syrian border, Haley pitched in by helping pack boxes of lentils, bulgur wheat and sugar set to be trucked through Bab al-Hawa. Aid workers explained how goods are transferred in the no-man's-land from Turkish trucks onto Syrian trucks before making the journey deep into Syria.\nAnd at Altinozu Refugee Camp, Haley sought to showcase how refugees were trying their best to live full lives under the bleakest of conditions. She cooed over a refugee baby in the camp's clinic awaiting a medical examination, and took to the soccer field with young Syrians to kick a few balls toward the goal.\n",
        "caption": "U.S. Ambassador to the U.N. Nikki Haley, center, poses for pictures with Syrian refugee children at the Sakirpasa Umran school, funded by the US government, during its opening ceremony in Adana, southern Turkey, May 24, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D887CE46-EDAB-471C-BC1D-0A647F1E63EF.jpg",
        "id": "29978_2",
        "answer": [
            "the need to retool the global approach to meet the needs of Syrians"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Haley"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_24_3869995",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_24_3869995_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where did the people like those in the image stay?",
        "context": "UN: More Iraqi Civilians Fleeing Mosul as Military Operations Intensify\nGENEVA \u2014\u00a0\nThe United Nations reports increasing numbers of civilians are fleeing Mosul as Iraqi military operations to wrest the city from Islamic State (IS) control intensify.\nLatest figures show more than 135,000 people have fled Mosul since the Iraqi military offensive to retake the city from IS militants began on October 17. The United Nations reports 4,000 were displaced on January 2, one of the largest movements of people in a single day since the conflict began.\nJens Laerke, spokesman for the U.N. Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, says most of the newly displaced are being cared for in camps run by the government and by humanitarian agencies, although people also are seeking help from family and friends.\nLaerke says aid agencies have no access to IS-controlled areas, increasing humanitarian concerns for the civilians remaining there. He says these fears are reinforced by reports from those who have escaped harsh conditions under which they were forced to live.\n\u201cSome of those who have fled from the western part of Mosul, IS-held Mosul, are saying that there are very few consumables left in terms of food, other consumables for daily sustenance,\u201d says Laerke. \u201cThey also are talking about being restricted, for example, in running their generators by those who are in control of the area.... We are very concerned for their safety, their security, and their protection.\u201d \nLaerke says the United Nations has increased access to areas retaken by Iraqi government forces in Mosul; but, he says aid agencies are restrained from rushing in because of the high risk of death and injury from unexploded devices. He says contaminated areas must be cleared to make it safe to go in.\nHe says trauma casualties remain extremely high because of increased military activity, especially near the front lines. The United Nations reports more than 3,100 civilians have been wounded in the fighting since December 5.\n",
        "caption": "Displaced Iraqis, who fled fighting between Iraqi security forces and Islamic State militants, return to their homes in neighborhoods retaken by Iraqi government forces in the eastern side of Mosul, Iraq, Jan. 4, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/6C2B57A6-8753-4DB0-B997-A846A656990F.jpg",
        "id": "28631_1",
        "answer": [
            "camps run by the government"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "displaced"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_10_3670241",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_10_3670241_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who was replaced by the person in the image wearing the uniform?",
        "context": "Report: McMaster Takes Issue With White House \u2018Islamic Terrorism\u2019 Mantra\nThe U.S. administration\u2019s new national security adviser has reportedly told his staff that Muslims who carry out terrorist acts are corrupting Islam, a departure from an ideological position held by other senior advisers to President Donald Trump.\nLieutenant General H.R. McMaster told members of the National Security Council that the use of the term \"radical Islamic terrorism\" was counterproductive because the actions of terrorists are \"un-Islamic,\" according to the New York Times newspaper.\nMcMaster's remarks were reportedly made Thursday at his first \"all hands\" staff meeting, according to people who attended the meeting.\nHis comments contradict language frequently used by the president and McMaster's predecessor, Michael Flynn, who stepped down after misleading administration officials about contacts with a Russian diplomat.\nThe remarks may be an early sign McMaster could distance the council from the ideological views of Flynn.\nMcMaster's language is more consistent with the positions of former U.S. presidents Barack Obama and George W. Bush. Both were careful to disassociate terrorist acts from the Islamic faith out of concern, in part, that the U.S. needed Muslim allies to help combat terrorism.\nThe extent of McMaster's influence on this issue remains to be seen in a White House where several top presidential advisers have a different perception of Islam. Chief strategist Stephen Bannon, for example, has warned of an impending battle between the Judeo-Christian world and Islam.\nThe differences in positions held by White House advisers could be exposed publicly if the Senate Armed Services Committee decides to hold a confirmation hearing for McMaster. The national security adviser does not require Senate confirmation, but it must vote to approve McMaster's three-star rank in a new position.\nCommittee Chairman John McCain has not said if he will hold a hearing.\n",
        "caption": "President Donald Trump, right, listens as Army Lt. Gen. H.R. McMaster, now the presidents new new national security adviser, left, talks at Trump's Mar-a-Lago estate in Palm Beach, Fla, Feb. 20, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/4917FAE5-994B-4104-BF85-5F1387F9B5A3.jpg",
        "id": "11063_1",
        "answer": [
            "Michael Flynn",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "McMaster",
            "H.R. McMaster"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_25_3739726",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_25_3739726_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who has more political power than the country of the man in the center of the image in the host country?",
        "context": "Alleged N. Korean Assassination Stretches Limits of Malaysian Kindness\nKUALA LUMPUR \u2014\u00a0\nMalaysia's openness with an abundance of countries seems to be a source of pride for locals. But since North Korea's alleged assassination of Kim Jong Nam on Malaysian soil, many believe Pyongyang has stretched the limits of kindness.\n\"You could say that we just didn't quite measure the risks, the potential cost of this,\" said Shahriman Lockman, a senior analyst at the Institute for International and Strategic Studies Malaysia.\n\"This was a relationship where the North Koreans were in the driver's seat for a long, long time.\"\nIn the latest diplomatic fallout from the shocking death of Kim Jong Nam - Kim Jong Un's older half brother - Malaysia called North Korean Ambassador Kang Chol \"rude\" and designated him \"persona non grata,\" telling him to leave the country by Monday.\nRi Tong Il, former U.N. North Korean deputy ambassador, speaks to journalist outside the North Korean embassy in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, March 2, 2017. The envoy said a heart attack likely killed Kim Jong Nam, not VX nerve agent.\nNot really friends\nMalaysia and North Korea opened embassies in their capitals in 2003. But the trade balance is tipped heavily in favor of North Korea.\n\"This relationship was mostly about North Korea taking advantage of a space that Malaysia provided,\" said Lockman. \"From North Korea's perspective, they benefited from benign neglect on our part.\"\nTo do business, that is, and gain hard currency, sometimes illegally. Last week, Reuters ran an in-depth story about North Korea selling battlefield radios from a front company in Kuala Lumpur's Little India.\nTo stress how little North Korea means to Malaysia economically, Lockman said multinational companies, such as Samsung, are vastly more important to Malaysia than the whole of North Korea.\nFILE - Kim Jong Nam, exiled half brother of North Korea's leader Kim Jong Un, gestures toward his face while talking to airport security and officials at Kuala Lumpur International Airport, Malaysia, in this image made Feb. 13, 2017.\nTime to wise up\nDeva Rajaratnam is a civil engineer in Kuala Lumpur. Lately, he said, he's been off the job and driving for Uber because of a health issue.\nRajaratnam makes the occasional airport run, but said he's not concerned about his safety following the attack on Kim Jong Nam at Kuala Lumpur International Airport. He said Malaysians on average aren't either.\nWhat worries Rajaratnam the most is the way the attack was carried out. It must have taken a lot of planning and skill, he said, to train unsuspecting foreign women to carry out the hit. And preparations took place right under the nose of the Malaysian government.\n\"It's a big issue because we really don't have international crime in Malaysia. We are a democratic country, and we should wise up,\" said Rajaratnam.\nHe's uncertain whether severing diplomatic ties with North Korea would solve what he perceives to be lax government oversight.\nLockman said he doesn't foresee the government breaking off ties. In his opinion, it would set a negative precedent for future incidents with countries that are indispensable to Malaysia.\n\"People will say, well, you did that with North Korea. Why aren't you doing it with this country? Consistency is overrated, but we try to have some level of consistency in these sort of matters.\"\nReady to move on\nThe human rights group Suaram, one of the largest in the country, recently held an office warming party at its new location in the Kuala Lumpur suburb of Petaling Jaya, or PJ as it's known by locals.\nMembers of the punk band Dum Dum Tak performed an acoustic set and sang about Prime Minister Najib Razak's 1MDB corruption scandal. Several people at the party mentioned rising gas prices and how the attack at the airport distracts from the failures of the Najib government.\n\"Economic, human rights issues. We had a pastor who was kidnapped in broad daylight\u2026 news of that was completely under the radar,\" said Chew Chuan Yang, a project coordinator with Suaram.\nHe's referring to the abduction of pastor Raymond Koh Keng Joo, who according to The Star, was abducted with \"military-like precision\" the same day as Kim Jong Nam's killing.\n\"Call me cynical or a conspiracy theorist, but it does feel like the mainstream media and the government are using this [assassination] to keep other things quiet.\"\nFurther fallout\nMalaysia announced it's canceling its visa-free agreement with North Korea, though that will only impact North Koreans seeking to enter the country for 30 days.\nAccording to Sung Wuk Ahn, a professor of international relations at the University of Malaya, there are around 1,000 North Koreans, including coal miners, working on special visas in Malaysia.\n\"[The canceling of the deal] will make it much harder for them to work here,\" he said.\nUniversity of Malaya senior lecturer Geetha Govindasamy told The Star newspaper the new visa requirements are unlikely to impact North Korea's economy. She added, however, that they could make it harder for North Korea to profit from illegal activity.\n",
        "caption": "North Korean Ambassador to Malaysia, Kang Chol, center, prepares to get in a car at the embassy in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, March 6, 2017. Malaysia is expelling Chol over the poisoning of Kim Jong Nam, the estranged half-brother of North Korea's leader. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/A0BDE989-42F8-4404-AE80-8EAC10B9712A.jpg",
        "id": "30275_1",
        "answer": [
            "multinational companies, such as Samsung"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "North Korea"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_06_3751160",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_06_3751160_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "How did the person with long hair in the image portray?",
        "context": "Dave Franco, 'Mad Men' Star Alison Brie Get Married \nLOS ANGELES \u2014\u00a0\n Dave Franco and former \"Mad Men'' star Alison Brie have gotten married.\nFranco's publicist has confirmed a People magazine report that the pair wed. No details were released on where or when the ceremony took place.\nFranco and Brie announced their engagement in August 2015, after three years of dating.\nThe 31-year-old Franco is best known for his roles in the \"Neighbors\" and \"21 Jump Street'' films.\nBrie is 34 and starred as Trudy Campbell on \"Mad Men.'' She also played Annie Edison on \"Community.''\nFranco and Brie appear together in \"The Disaster Artist,'' which stars and is directed by Franco's older brother, James. It premiered over the weekend at the South by Southwest (SXSW) film festival in Texas.\n",
        "caption": "Actress Alison Brie, left, and then- fianc\u00e9 actor Dave Franco attend \"The Little Hours\" cast party at Chase Sapphire on Main on Jan. 19, 2017 in Park City, Utah. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/CFF8682F-FD2D-44E8-BF87-C796CE2B83AA.jpg",
        "id": "24823_1",
        "answer": [
            "Trudy Campbell on \"Mad Men.''"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Brie"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_14_3765112",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_14_3765112_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What are the people in the image trying to do?",
        "context": "Iraqi Forces Begin Bid to Take Final IS Enclave in Mosul\nBAGHDAD / MOSUL \u2014\u00a0\nIraqi armed forces launched an operation Saturday to capture the last Islamic State-held enclave in Mosul, according to a military statement.\nThe fall of the city would, in effect, mark the end of the Iraqi half of the \"caliphate\" declared nearly three years ago by IS leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, which also covers parts of Syria.\nThe enclave includes the Old City center and three adjacent districts along the western bank of the Tigris river.\nThe U.S.-backed offensive in Mosul, now in its eighth month, has taken longer than planned as the militants are dug in among civilians.\n\"The joint forces have began liberating the remaining districts,\" an Iraqi military statement said.\nAnother military statement announced the deaths of two Iraqi colonels during the fighting Saturday.\nDesperate civilians trapped behind Islamic State lines now face a harrowing situation with little food and water, no electricity and limited access to hospitals.\nA girl ducks as she flees with her brothers in the al-Rifai neighborhood as Iraqi special forces battle Islamic State militants in western Mosul, Iraq, May 17, 2017.\nThe Iraqi air force dropped leaflets on Friday urging residents to flee, but humanitarian groups say they fear for the safety of those trying to escape.\nAl-Nuri mosque\nThe push inside the Old City coincided with the start of the holy fasting month of Ramadan. The offensive's prime target is the medieval al-Nuri mosque with its landmark leaning minaret, where the IS black flag has been flying since mid-2014.\nIraqi armed forces hope to capture the mosque \u2014 where Baghdadi announced the \"caliphate\" \u2014 in the next few days. Residents in the Old City sounded desperate in telephone interviews over the past few days.\n\"We're waiting for death at any moment, either by bombing or starving,\" one said, asking not to be identified. \"Adults eat one meal a day, either flour or lentil soup.\"\nThe United Nations expressed deep concern for the hundreds of thousands of civilians behind Islamic State lines, in a statement Saturday from the organization's undersecretary general for humanitarian affairs, Stephen O'Brien.\n\"Although the U.N. is not present in the areas where fighting is occurring, we have received very disturbing reports of families being shut inside booby-trapped homes and of children being deliberately targeted by snipers,\" he said.\nResidents said millet, usually used as bird feed, is being cooked like rice as food prices increased tenfold. People were seen collecting wild mallow plants in abandoned lots and also eating mulberry leaves and other plants.\nAbout 700,000 people, about a third of the pre-war city's population, have already fled, seeking refuge either with friends and relatives or in camps.\nThe insurgents are also retreating in Syria, mainly in the face of U.S.-backed Kurdish-led forces.\nPopular Mobilization Forces fire toward Islamic State militants during a battle on the outskirts of al-Ba'aj, west of Mosul, Iraq, May 26, 2017.\nFurther fighting\nThe insurgency is expected to continue in the sparsely populated desert region along the Syrian border even if Mosul is fully captured.\nIranian-backed Shi'ite paramilitary forces are fighting Islamic State in that part of the country where Baghdadi is believed to be, according to U.S. and Iraqi officials.\nOn Saturday, Iran announced for the first time the death of a senior commander during the operations launched in October to drive the Islamist militants out of Mosul and the surrounding Nineveh province.\nShaaban Nassiri, a senior commander of Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps (IRGC), was killed west of Mosul, near the border with Syria, according to Mashregh, an Iranian news website.\nThe IRGC is the main backer of the Iraqi Shi'ite paramilitary force known as Popular Mobilization. Iraq's Shi'ite-led government is aiming to control the border in coordination with the Iranian-backed Syrian army.\nLinking up the two sides would give Syrian President Bashar al-Assad a significant advantage in the six-year rebellion against his rule.\n",
        "caption": "A member of Iraqi rapid response forces jumps out of a vehicle during clashes with Islamic State fighters in western Mosul, Iraq, May 27, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D65F5392-4D9C-4C41-B547-C718C5D8555B.jpg",
        "id": "18214_1",
        "answer": [
            "capture the mosque \u2014 where Baghdadi announced the \"caliphate\"",
            "None",
            "capture the last Islamic State-held enclave in Mosul"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "forces",
            "Iraqi rapid response forces"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_27_3873954",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_27_3873954_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What are the occupations of those whom the attack, which killed the person in the image, is causing trouble for?",
        "context": "More Than 30 Migrants Shot Dead in Boat off Yemen\nHODEIDA, YEMEN \u2014\u00a0\nMore than 30 people are reported dead after unknown assailants fired on a boat carrying migrants in the Red Sea, off the coast of Yemen.\nThe boat, believed to be carrying Somali refugees, came under fire late Thursday night near the port of Hudaydah on Yemen's west coast, according to Mohamed Abshir Gedi, the deputy Somali community chairperson in the Yemeni capital, Sanaa.\nGedi put the death toll at 32, with 27 wounded. \u201cThe injured people included a 25-year-old woman who lost her leg,\u201d he told VOA's Somali service Friday.\nIt is not clear who opened fire on the boat. According to news agency reports, witnesses gave conflicting messages on whether the attack came from a helicopter or another vessel.\nThe Saudi-led coalition that is fighting Houthi forces in Yemen said it was not involved in any fighting Thursday in Hudaydah.\nGedi said the migrants were attempting to reach Sudan to escape the insecurity of war-torn Yemen. Yemen is home to a quarter-million Somali refugees who fled poverty and violence in their own country.\nThe United Nations refugee agency said it is \u201cappalled\u201d by the deaths and says it has teams on the ground in Yemen to help the survivors and the families of those killed.\n\u201cThis tragic incident is the latest in which innocent civilians, including Yemenis, refugees, asylum seekers and migrants, continue to suffer and disproportionately bear the brunt of the conflict in Yemen,\u201d it said in a statement.\n",
        "caption": "The body of a Somali refugee is removed after an attack on a boat near Yemen, at the Red Sea port of Hodeidah, March 17, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/24B5C98E-00FA-41DF-BF23-0D436B987A4C.jpg",
        "id": "53_1",
        "answer": [
            "innocent civilians, including Yemenis, refugees, asylum seekers and migrants",
            "Somali refugees",
            "migrants",
            "deputy Somali community chairperson"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Yemen",
            "Somali refugee"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_17_3770448",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_17_3770448_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the man holding the book in the image accused of doing?",
        "context": "Once-loyal Prosecutor Emerges as Hero in Venezuela Protests\nCARACAS, VENEZUELA \u2014\u00a0\nOpponents of President Nicolas Maduro who have taken to the streets day after day in Venezuela now find themselves rallying in support of an unexpected hero: the chief prosecutor who helped throw many of them into jail.\nUntil recently, Luisa Ortega was seen as a hard-line loyalist of the socialist administration, responsible for dozens of arrests on trumped-up charges against anti-government protesters. But now she is being lionized by the opposition and disaffected supporters of the late Hugo Chavez alike for her decision to break with Maduro, the hand-picked successor to \"El Comandante.\"\nRoberto Marrero, a lawyer for the nation's most-emblematic political prisoner, Leopoldo Lopez, found himself among thousands at a recent street demonstration in support of Ortega, whose office prosecuted Lopez.\n\"Every Mandela needs a De Klerk,\" he said, referring to the white president who oversaw the end of apartheid in South Africa.\nFILE - Demonstrators march against the government during protests in Caracas, Venezuela, June 29, 2017.\nThe Venezuelan opposition's embrace of Ortega, however tactical and awkward, underscores a stark truth after three months of paralyzing but so far unsuccessful protests: Removing Maduro will require winning over some of his backers.\nOrtega, the most prominent defector so far, brings a unique combination of impeccable revolutionary credentials, intimate knowledge of the government's inner workings and a semi-autonomous post with which to challenge the government's moves to centralize power and crush the opposition.\n\"What most worries the government is a schism inside the ruling movement,\" said Francisco Toro, editor of pro-opposition blog Caracas Chronicles. \"In that regard, she's more of a threat than 200,000 people on the street.\"\nGradual transformation\nUntil recently, Venezuelans knew little about the bespectacled 59-year-old lawyer other than watching her on state TV for years closely toeing the government line.\nThe daughter of a cattle rancher from Venezuela's central plains, Ortega studied law in the city of Valencia, where she helped organize protests of students and textile workers in the late 1970s as a member of the legal wing of a clandestine guerrilla group known as the Party of Venezuelan Revolution.\nDouglas Bravo, who led the now-disbanded Marxist group, remembers her as a hard-working and talented foot soldier.\n\"She was always someone who stood for the principles of democracy, respect for human rights and anti-imperialism,\" he said.\nAfter Chavez took office in 1999, Ortega moved to Caracas to work as legal adviser to a state-owned TV channel. She became a federal prosecutor in 2002 and was handed some of the highest-profile cases, including prosecution of people who organized a brief coup against Chavez that year.\nShe was named chief prosecutor in 2007 and was re-elected to the post by the then pro-Maduro National Assembly in 2014 over a rival candidate reportedly close to first lady Cilia Flores.\nHer transformation occurred gradually, according to her husband, socialist party lawmaker German Ferrer.\nFILE - Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro, right, talks with Attorney General Luisa Ortega during a meeting at Miraflores presidential palace in Caracas, April 1, 2017.\nAfter Chavez's death in 2013, Ortega was irked when top government officials moved to stifle some corruption probes, he said. She also began to distance herself, sometimes publicly, from Maduro's increasingly heavy-handed approach to policing in poor neighborhoods, as well as the use of firearms and pro-government militias to control protests. In 2016, she shocked many by publishing homicide statistics \u2014 something that hadn't been done in years by the government, which was embarrassed by spiraling violence.\nFor the most part, though, she kept her misgivings under wraps.\n\"The moment we stuck our neck outs we knew what the consequences were going to be,\" said Ferrer, a partner in his wife's carefully planned rebellion. \"A misstep at the wrong time could have proven fatal.\"\nBreaking her silence\nAn opening came when the government-stacked supreme court gutted the now opposition-led National Assembly of its last powers in late March, triggering protests that have so far left more than 90 dead and 1,500 injured. Ortega broke her silence, accusing the government of a democratic \"rupture.\"\nSince then, she has sharpened her criticism, accusing the government of \"state terrorism\" and Maduro of dismantling Venezuela's democracy with plans to rewrite the constitution that was sponsored by Chavez.\nShe has also brought charges against the head of the national guard and intelligence police alleging human rights abuses in the crackdown on protests.\nFILE - Venezuela's attorney general Luisa Ortega speaks to journalists outside the Supreme Court of Justice headquarters building in Caracas, June 13, 2017.\nMany in the opposition suspect she has access to damaging information about corruption in Maduro's inner circle. On Tuesday, she said she plans to bring charges against officials tied to a corruption scandal involving Brazilian construction giant Odebrecht, which has admitted to paying almost $100 million in bribes to Venezuelan officials as part of a plea agreement with the U.S. Justice Department last year.\nOrtega couches her criticism in the language of Chavez when speaking to Venezuelans, many of whom still revere the charismatic leader. Polls say they are fed up with Maduro but also distrust the traditionally elite-dominated opposition.\nThe government has retaliated with attempts to discredit and oust Ortega.\nFerrer said that in the days after his wife broke with Maduro, the government removed her security detail of 10 armed bodyguards, and cars from the feared intelligence police appeared parked outside her office.\nWhen she asked the supreme court to nullify the previous legislature's rushed, lame-duck appointment of 13 magistrates, socialist party leaders called for her to undergo a psychiatric evaluation. They also initiated Supreme Court proceedings to remove her from office in apparent violation of the constitution, which says only congress has the right to hire and fire the nation's top law enforcement official.\nNot everyone is convinced of her transformation. Some in the opposition say she was looking to whitewash her record on the eve of retirement and avoid being targeted by U.S. sanctions imposed on other Venezuelan judges and prosecutors. They also haven't forgiven her role in prosecuting demonstrators during crackdowns on anti-government protests in 2014.\n\"Her current actions do not magically erase her responsibility for abuses committed under her watch,\" said Jose Miguel Vivanco, the Americas director at Human Rights Watch. \"But her past does not tarnish the relevance of the exceptional contribution she's making today by using the power of her office to help expose Maduro's repressive machinery.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro, right, talks with Attorney General Luisa Ortega during a meeting at Miraflores presidential palace in Caracas, April 1, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/C68A3F82-99E4-4EA3-8410-444B74CC766E.jpg",
        "id": "15353_3",
        "answer": [
            "dismantling Venezuela's democracy with plans to rewrite the constitution that was sponsored by Chavez",
            "None",
            "dismantling Venezuela's democracy"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Maduro",
            "Nicolas Maduro"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_12_3941750",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_12_3941750_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the company present in the image announce?",
        "context": "Cyber Security Experts: Russia Disproportionately Targeted by Malware \nMOSCOW \u2014\u00a0\nCountries across the globe scrambled to respond to a malicious \"ransomware\" virus, as internet security watchdogs said the attack had disproportionately targeted Russia.\nThe Russian cyber security firm Kaspersky Labs was among the first to identify the so-called \"Wanna Cry\" malware \u2014 a viral worm that exploits a vulnerability in the Windows operating system to encrypt files without users permission.\nA group of hackers known as \"The Shadow Brokers\" are widely believed to have stolen the program from the U.S. National Security Agency last April and deployed it as a means to ransom user data around the world for cash profits.\nKaspersky Labs initially reported 45,000 attacks by the malware in more than 70 countries, with Russia bearing the brunt of the onslaught. \u201cThe range of targets and victims is likely much, much higher,\u201d warned the Kaspersky report.\nWithin hours, other internet security firms put the number of computers targeted at more than 75,000 computers in 100 countries. Those numbers are expected to grow.\nRussian fallout\nRussia\u2019s powerful Interior Ministry and national railway service both confirmed they had fallen victim to the malware. The Russian mobile telecom giant, Megafon, too, issued a statement saying its servers had been compromised.\nBut by mid-day Saturday, spokesmen from all three said they had successfully isolated the virus and were operating as usual.\nThe statements came as other key Russian ministries, and the country\u2019s central bank, pushed back against claims state computer infrastructure had been compromised.\nIn statements to Russian media, all argued they had thwarted the virus using non-Windows operating systems while trumpeting the merits of data backups using a, notably, Russian-made server, Elbrus.\nThe claims have not been confirmed by outside experts.\nKremlin-net\nThe Kremlin has long been suspicious of Western technology firms, arguing they work in collusion with American intelligence agencies.\nIn 2014, Russia\u2019s Duma passed a law requiring Western tech companies such as Facebook, Twitter, and Google to relocate servers to Russia in an effort to protect Russian user data. Though not yet fully implemented, Russian internet activists have argued the law gives Russian security services dangerous access to private data with little legal recourse.\nRussian President Vladimir Putin has also pushed for digital independence from Western tech firms, partially in response to American and European sanctions introduced following Russia\u2019s annexation of Crimea from Ukraine in 2014.\nSunday, the Kremlin\u2019s advisor on internet strategy German Klimenko seized the latest cyber attack as a chance to praise those moves.\n\u201cThe president\u2019s order to create a Russian segment of the internet, [it created] a closed Internet solely for government bureaucrats,\u201d said Klimenko in an interview with Russia\u2019s Channel One television.\n\u201cThe defense against attacks has been in place a long time,\u201d he added. \u201cIt is doubtful our [government] data suffered.\u201d\nNSA connection?\nMeanwhile, Russia\u2019s online community debated the disproportionate targeting of Russia, in particular allegations the virus had originated with the NSA.\nBut on the Russian-built secure messaging app Telegram, users traded theories the virus was a U.S. plot aimed at disrupting the country\u2019s 2018 presidential elections, apparent payback for U.S. intelligence agencies\u2019 conclusion Russian hackers had interfered in last year\u2019s American presidential elections.\nFILE - The National Security Agency (NSA) campus in Fort Meade, Md.\nBut Anton Nossik, a longtime leading internet voice in Russia, rejected those charges as \u201cterribly funny\u201d in a widely shared post to his Live Journal blog.\n\u201cThat 74 countries were implicated in the virus is explained as Russia\u2019s enemies desire to hide the real goal of their attack,\u201d wrote Nossik, who notes that Russian governmental officials had been too lazy to install a Windows \"patch\" available since last March that resolved the security flaw.\n\u201cReally, how can you deceive our ever wakeful conspiracy theorists?\u201d he added wryly, \u201cTo hack their computers is the simplest thing, but to destroy their vigilance? Never!\u201d\nOther Russian digerati, too, pushed back against the idea that Russia had been a target by design.\n\"There's no politics or intention here. The virus is just spreading randomly,\" says Ilya Sachkov, Director of the Moscow-based Group IB, a company that tracks internet fraud, in an interview with Moscow's Business FM radio.\nSachkov notes ransomeware attacks have been growing in number and strength for years.\nSnowden, again\nThe unfolding crisis and alleged links to the NSA again thrust Edward Snowden, the former NSA contractor who was granted asylum in Russia after leaking classified NSA documents to the press in 2013, into the spotlight.\nFILE - Edward Snowden, a former CIA worker before turning whistleblower, speaks via satellite at the IT fair CeBIT in Hanover, Germany, March 21, 2017.\nIn a series of Twitter posts, Snowden argued the NSA bore moral responsibility for the leak.\n\u201cDespite warnings, the NSA built dangerous attack tools that could target Western software,\u201d wrote Snowden. \u201cToday we see the cost.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "People inside a Megafon mobile phones shop in Moscow, Russia, May 13, 2017. A top Russian mobile operator said Friday it had come under cyberattacks that appeared similar to those that have crippled some U.K. hospitals",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/C1D6B655-13B6-4786-BAE5-33C24EEB4DFE.jpg",
        "id": "30176_1",
        "answer": [
            "its servers had been compromised"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Megafon"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_14_3850941",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_14_3850941_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is happening who work on the place in the image?",
        "context": "Rights Group: FIFA Construction Workers Exploited in Moscow\nWorkers hired to build stadiums and other structures in preparation for the FIFA 2017 Confederations Cup and 2018 World Cup in Moscow face exploitation and labor abuses, Human Rights Watch said Wednesday.\nRussian workers, many of whom migrated internally, and migrant workers from neighboring countries both reported unpaid or delayed wages, work in conditions as cold as -25\u00b0 C, and the failure of their employers to provide work contracts required for legal employment, the watch dog said.\n\u201cFIFA\u2019s promise to make human rights a centerpiece of its global operations has been put to the test in Russia, and FIFA is coming up short,\u201d said Jane Buchanan, associate Europe and Central Asia director at Human Rights Watch. \u201cConstruction workers on World Cup stadiums face exploitation and abuse, and FIFA has not yet shown that it can effectively monitor, prevent, and remedy these issues.\u201d\nHuman Rights Watch also said that workers were hesitant to speak about abuses, fearing reprisals from their employers.\nAdditionally, the international rights group said one of their researchers was detained, questioned, threatened, and eventually released without charges by Russian authorities while trying to interview construction workers outside the World Cup stadium in April.\nThough FIFA documented a system coordinated with Russian authorities to monitor working conditions, Human Rights Watch stressed that the system was not made public, and that it only covered the construction of stadiums and no other World Cup infrastructure construction.\nRussia will host eight international soccer teams, including its own at the Confederations Cup from June 17 to July 2. One year later, Moscow will host the World Cup, the world's premier football tournament.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A laborer works at the Yekaterinburg Arena stadium under construction, that will host 2018 FIFA World Cup matches, in Yekaterinburg, Russia, Dec. 9, 2016. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/7E703717-9A1C-4AF1-A0D2-BB00D8DF1EBD.jpg",
        "id": "23603_1",
        "answer": [
            "exploitation and abuse"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Construction"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_14_3900124",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_14_3900124_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who did the people in the image kill?",
        "context": "Man Opens Fire at San Diego Pool Party; 1 Person, Gunman Die\nSAN DIEGO \u2014\u00a0\nA man sat calmly with a gun on his lap and opened fire on seven people enjoying a birthday party at an apartment complex pool near the University of California, San Diego, killing one woman before officers fatally shot him, witnesses and authorities said.\nThe suspect, Peter Selis, 49, shot four black women, two black men and one Latino man Sunday, police said.\nSan Diego's police chief says race was not a factor in the shooting and that the gunman was despondent over a recent breakup with his girlfriend.\nChief Shelley Zimmerman said Monday Selis was speaking with his ex-girlfriend on his cell phone during the rampage because he wanted her to hear the carnage.\nSeveral victims underwent surgery, and some were in critical condition late Sunday, she said. One man was taken to the hospital after he broke his arm running away.\nA San Diego police officer stands guard in front a La Jolla apartment building after a shooting April 30, 2017, in San Diego.\nRikky Galiendes, 27, said he heard between eight to 10 gunshots around 6 p.m. and looked outside his sixth-story apartment in La Jolla, a quiet coastal community known for its pristine beaches and cliff-side mansions. He spotted a man bleeding and running near the pool below.\nGaliendes said he called out to ask if the man needed help when his roommate grabbed him, yanked him down and pointed toward a man sitting in a chair with a gun.\n\"When we looked over the balcony, he was just sitting down with a gun on his lap,\" Galiendes said. \"He was calm, you know. I mean from my perspective, the guy was ready to do whatever he was going to do. He shot at people having a good time and having a party.\"\nGaliendes and his roommate ran back inside and called police.\nA police helicopter arrived first, and the pilot reported seeing multiple victims on the ground and that Selis appeared to be reloading in the pool area, the police chief said.\nThree officers arrived and shot Selis after he pointed a large-caliber handgun at them, she said.\nPolice believe Selis and one of the partygoers lived at the complex in the beach community north of downtown San Diego, police said.\nSelis, a father who worked as a mechanic at a Ford dealership, filed for federal bankruptcy protection in October 2015, listing $14,000 in assets and $108,000 in liabilities, according to court records.\n\"This is truly a horrific act of violence,\" San Diego Mayor Kevin Faulconer said at a news conference. \"Our entire city, all of our thoughts and prayers, all San Diegans' thoughts and prayers, are with the victims and their families tonight.\"\nGaliendes and his roommate stayed indoors until neighbors yelled that it was safe to come out. He said the scene was horrifying.\n\"As soon as I heard the gunshots, I had goosebumps and the whole thing was really emotionally draining \u2014 seeing blood everywhere, seeing bodies on the ground, hoping they survived, seeing bloody footsteps, you know, of people who ran away. There was just so much blood. It was so surreal.\"\nGaliendes, a student at UC San Diego, said he has lived in the complex since September.\n\"It was chilling,\" he said. \"La Jolla is known to be really safe, and this is a family neighborhood.\"\n",
        "caption": "San Diego police officers stand in front of a cordoned off La Jolla apartment after a shooting April 30, 2017, in San Diego.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/8438F532-E020-4711-9792-3570F7C8D869.jpg",
        "id": "9023_1",
        "answer": [
            "Peter Selis",
            "A man sat calmly with a gun on his lap"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "officers",
            "San Diego police officers"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_01_3833072",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_01_3833072_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "How have the proposed changes affected the department of the person in the image?",
        "context": "Firm Commissioned by Tillerson Recommends DHS Issue US Visas\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nThe issuance of U.S. visas, passports and other travel documents should be transferred to the Department of Homeland Security from the State Department, a consulting company commissioned by U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson has recommended in a report.\nThe study, by Insigniam Holding LLC, which was seen by Reuters, also urges extending foreign postings for U.S. diplomats by one year and ensuring overlap between arriving and departing diplomats to improve efficiency and impact.\nThe 110-page study was based on online surveys of 35,386 people within the State Department and the U.S. Agency for International Development as well as one-on-one interviews with about 300 workers. It was first reported by The Wall Street Journal.\nTillerson commissioned the study as he looks to reorganize the State Department to cut its budget by roughly 30 percent, as laid out in President Donald Trump's budget proposal.\nInfluential members of Congress, which has the power of the purse, have made clear that they are not willing to institute such sharp budget reductions, which have contributed to anxiety and low morale among many State Department employees.\nIn the report, the consultants recommended that Tillerson \"move issuance of passports, visas and other travel documents to Homeland Security.\"\n\"There may be an opportunity to elevate efficiency and reduce cost by this change,\" it said. \"Indications are that doing so would elevate security at our borders.\"\nJeffrey Gorsky, a former State Department consular official, said the idea of shifting visa issuance from the State Department had been around since the September 11, 2001, attacks, but that improved U.S. security had undercut the argument for this.\nSuch a shift, he said, would likely require congressional action and could erode the principle of \u201cnon-reviewability,\u201d the current doctrine under which consular decisions may not be reviewed by the courts.\nThe report also called for crafting \"a unifying, clear and vibrant mission\" for the State Department and USAID, though the recommendations did not specify one; focusing on \"front-line\" staff at U.S. embassies and consulates rather than headquarters personnel; and improving management to measure performance, remove \"poor performers\" and update personnel policies.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A U.S. Customs and Border Protection officer checks a passport at a border crossing in San Ysidro, California, Jan. 31, 2008. A firm commissioned by U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson recommends that passport and visa issuance be transferred from the State Department to the Department of Homeland Security.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/89347B0E-AD71-47BF-AB1A-25941F607C67.jpg",
        "id": "4333_1",
        "answer": [
            "issuance of U.S. visas, passports and other travel documents should be transferred to the Department of Homeland Security from the State Department",
            "anxiety and low morale"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "State Department",
            "passport"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_05_3930368",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_05_3930368_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What will the person on the right of the image do?",
        "context": "Trump 'Looking at Two States and One State' for Middle East Peace\nPresident Donald Trump said Wednesday a peace agreement between Israel and the Palestinians might not include an independent Palestinian state.\nSpeaking at a press conference with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, Trump said he'd favor whatever agreement the two sides arrived at to through direct negotiations. \n\"I\u2019m looking at two states and one state,\u201d Trump said. \"I'm happy with the one they like the best.\"\nTrump also urged Israel to \"hold back\" on building new Israeli settlements, and said Palestinians must stop teaching their youth to hate Israel.\nWATCH: Trump to Netanyahu: 'Hold Back on Settlements for A Little Bit'\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTrump to Netanyahu: 'Hold Back on Settlements for A Little Bit'\nShare this video\n0:00:36\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:36\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 1.6MB\n360p | 1.9MB\n480p | 9.5MB\nA senior White House official signaled the shift in U.S. policy regarding the Israel-Palestinian conflict while speaking to reporters Tuesday, saying peace between Israel and the Palestinians does not have to be through a two-state solution, and that it is up to the two parties to decide.\nThe official said the United States will not \"dictate what the terms of peace will be.\"\n\"A two-state solution that doesn't bring peace is not a goal that anybody wants to achieve,\" the official said. \"Peace is the goal, whether it comes in the form of a two-state solution if that's what the parties want or something else if that's what the parties want. We're going to help them.\"\nWATCH:  Would Trump-Netanyahu Meeting Move Forward an Israeli-Palestinian Two-State Solution?\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nWould Trump-Netanyahu Meeting Move Forward an Israeli-Palestinian Two-State Solution?\nShare this video\n0:02:33\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:33\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 7.3MB\n360p | 10.9MB\n720p | 71.9MB\n1080p | 48.1MB\nThe official U.S. position has long been that Israel and the Palestinians should negotiate an agreement to divide into separate states, which would likely leave the Palestinians in control of Gaza, all or part of the West Bank and their envisioned capital in East Jerusalem. The United Nations also backs the two-state path.\nPalestinian position\nSenior Palestinian official Saeb Erekat rejected any suggestion the two-state solution be abandoned, saying that replacing it means maintaining the status quo of \"apartheid.\"\n\"The real alternative to a state of Palestine living side by side the state of Israel in peace and security on the 1967 lines is one democratic, secular state where Jews, Muslims and Christians can live equal with equal voice,\" Erekat said.\nThe last Israeli-Palestinian peace talks broke down nearly three years ago with no agreements.\nThe senior White House official said U.S. President Donald Trump is \"hopeful to bring the two sides together to discuss peace,\" but the process will not be a high priority for the new administration.\nThe official also said Netanyahu's visit will \"usher in a new relationship between Israel and the United States.\"\nFormer Secretary of State John Kerry made the peace process one of his key efforts when he served during the second term of President Barack Obama's administration, but overall U.S.-Israeli ties were strained.\nFILE - Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu (R) and John Kerry brief the media before their meeting at Prime Minister's Office in Jerusalem, Nov. 24, 2015.\nTalks to include Iran\nWednesday's talks are expected to include a focus on Iran, which in 2015 struck an agreement with a group of six world powers to limit its nuclear program to prevent the production of nuclear weapons in exchange for sanctions relief. That deal is unpopular with both Netanyahu and Trump, who each have said is too favorable to Iran.\nThe White House official also said Trump's support for moving the U.S. Embassy from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem is up for discussion, as is Israel's settlement construction on land the Palestinians see as part of the future state. The settlements have been condemned internationally.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu (R) and John Kerry brief the media before their meeting at Prime Minister's Office in Jerusalem, Nov. 24, 2015.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/9DC9BA7C-EA85-4118-9E9F-23C33A1D90A0.jpg",
        "id": "9869_1",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "\"usher in a new relationship between Israel and the United States.\"",
            "usher in a new relationship between Israel and the United States"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Benjamin Netanyahu",
            "Netanyahu"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_15_3725302",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_15_3725302_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person wearing the vest in the image do?",
        "context": "Activist Pastor Freed on Bail in Zimbabwe\nHARARE, ZIMBABWE \u2014\u00a0\nA court in Zimbabwe granted bail Wednesday to a clergyman opposed to President Robert Mugabe's government who is facing charges of inciting public violence with protesting university students.\nPolice arrested Pastor Evan Mawarire after he addressed University of Zimbabwe students protesting rising school fees on Monday. Since then, he and his driver, who also was arrested, had been in police custody. On Wednesday, the court granted him $200 bail.\nAfter the court ruling, Harrison Nkomo from Zimbabwe Lawyers for Human Rights, who is representing Mawarire, said his client had done nothing wrong.\nHarrison Nkomo from Zimbabwe Lawyers for Human Rights, who is representing Pastor Evan Mawarire, speaks to reporters in Harare, Zimbabwe, June 28, 2017. (S. Mhofu/VOA)\n\"The [state] papers are a bit confusing in terms of the manner in which they were charged by the police,\" Nkomo said. \"But what actually transpired is that the University of Zimbabwe medical students were registering their displeasure over the hike of school fees by the responsible authorities, and when violence broke, one of the students decided that there was need for divine intervention and called Evan for a prayer. So it was after he went there to give a prayer, on his way out, that he was detained by the police.\"\nThat matches what the clergyman posted on his Twitter account from his police cell \u2014 that he had \"essentially been arrested for praying.\" He returns to court July 19 for his trial date.\nSince his arrest, rights groups such as Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch have been condemning Mugabe for \"persecuting\" the clergyman.\nDewa Mavhinga, the Southern Africa Director at Human Rights Watch, Wednesday of Mawarire's release, \"We welcome this development and urge the courts to be respectful of Pastor Mawarire or other citizens' rights, in terms of rights to peaceful protests and the rights to due process of law. We hope that going forward, Zimbabwe will be respectful of these fundamental rights enshrined in the constitution of Zimbabwe and in a number of international conventions that Zimbabwe has ratified and is party to.\"\nDespite the fact that Zimbabwe came up with a bill of rights in 2013, which many rights groups cheered, Zimbabweans continue to be arrested for exercising them. Rights groups fear the situation might get worse with elections due next year.\n",
        "caption": "Holding a Bible, Pastor Evan Mawarire, center, walks into the court building while handcuffed to his driver, Ocean Chihota, in Harare, Zimbabwe, June 28, 2017. (S. Mhofu/VOA)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/281A9D75-11A1-483C-9130-7BDAE4213979.jpg",
        "id": "18576_1",
        "answer": [
            "addressed University of Zimbabwe students protesting rising school fees",
            "addressed University of Zimbabwe students ",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Pastor Evan Mawarire",
            "Evan Mawarire"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_28_3919400",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_28_3919400_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What do the owners of the location in the image agree with?",
        "context": "Officials: Pakistani Religious Schools Increasingly Linked to Afghan Taliban\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nWhen Afghan intelligence officials, assisted by international investigators, probed a terror attack last month that killed five Emirati diplomats in Kandahar, they traced the suspects to a conservative religious seminary in Pakistan.\n\"The attack was planned in Mawlawi Ahmad Madrassa in Chaman, Quetta,\" said Sediq Seddiqi, a spokesperson for the Afghan Ministry of Interior.\nThe investigation shed light on the increasing links of some madrassas \u2014 Islamic seminaries \u2014 in Pakistan with Afghan Taliban who are fighting the Afghan government and U.S.-led international forces in Afghanistan.\nBoys recite verses from the Quran at Madrassa Arabia Taleem-ul-Quran, a religious seminary, in Lahore, Pakistan, Feb. 22, 2012.\nThirty thousand madrassas operate across Pakistan, most of them legal and adhering strictly to religious teaching. But thousands of them are not registered with the government and are teaching grounds and recruiting points for militants and Taliban, according to Pakistan and Afghan intelligence officials.\nMuch of the militant activity is centered in Balochistan, where 5,500 madrassas operate as boarding schools. Many of them are kept from government scrutiny and are breeding points for terror.\n\"There are many seminaries where Afghan Taliban are studying, and many are owned by the Afghan Taliban group,\" Balochistan's minister for home and tribal affairs, Sarfaraz Bugti, told VOA's Deewa service.\nUnregistered madrassas\nExperts say the abundance of unregistered madrassas across the country has led to an increase in militancy in the Afghan-Pakistan region. The schools nurture militants' ideology and provide foot soldiers for the Taliban, who have been engaged in a bloody insurgency with the U.S.-backed Afghan government for more than a decade.\nPakistani religious students and teachers attend a discussion session at the Ganj Madrassa in Peshawar, Aug. 21, 2013.\n\"You can see madrassas in every street, and they are spreading extremism to every house, community and village of Pakistan,\" Khadim Hussain, a Pakistani security analyst, told VOA.\nAccording to Balochistan provincial government estimates, more than 5,000 Afghans are studying at madrassas in the province. The Taliban's supreme leader, Mullah Haibatullah, reportedly operated a madrassa in Kuchlak, near the provincial capital, Quetta.\nThe Afghan Taliban's influence over the unregulated madrassa network is most visible in the Pashto-speaking belt of Baluchistan, where Afghan militants can easily travel between Afghanistan and Pakistan, officials say.\n\"There are 191 madrassas in my district, 21 of them unregistered, and some 20 percent of the enrolled students are Afghans,\" said Qaisar Khan Nasir, a provincial official in Qilla Abdullah district, which has a Pashtun majority population and borders Afghanistan's Kandahar province.\nWashington and Kabul accuse Pakistan of harboring armed opponents of the Afghan government, including the Taliban's Quetta Council, which is composed of Taliban leadership and the Haqqani Network \u2014 a U.S.-designated terror organization.\nExtremist groups who support militancy in Afghanistan and are U.S.-designated terrorist groups run countrywide networks of madrassas, according to American intelligence reports. Though banned in Pakistan, the groups operate under different names while supporting the Afghan Taliban.\nPakistani religious students attend a lesson at Darul Uloom Haqqania, an Islamic seminary in Akora Khattak, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Sept. 14, 2013.\nLast year, the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa provincial government was scathingly criticized for a $3 million grant it allocated to the Darul Uloom Haqqania madrassa, a controversial Islamic seminary that some critics call the \"University of Jihad.\"\nHeaded by former senator Samiul Haq, the madrassa houses about 4,000 students and is widely known for links to, and has publicly expressed sympathies for, the Taliban fighting in Afghanistan. That association has won the Islamic cleric the title of \"Father of the Taliban.\"\nA Pakistani religious teacher refers to a book at a library at Darul Uloom Haqqania, an Islamic seminary in Akora Khattak, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Sept. 14, 2013.\nFunding connections\nBoth Mullah Omar and Jalaluddin Haqqani \u2014 founders of Afghanistan's Taliban and the lethal Haqqani Network, respectively \u2014 are believed to have studied in the Haqqania madrassa. Taliban leader Mullah Akthar Mansoor, who was killed in a U.S. drone strike in May, also may have been a former student.\nPakistani officials say they are investigating funding connections of madrassas associated with the Taliban.\n\"The funding these madrassas receive usually originates from Arab and some other countries, and we're aware of it,\" Amin-ul-Hasnat Shah, Pakistan's state minister for religious affairs, told VOA. \"The government is monitoring the money trail and how this money is spent and utilized by the madrassas. We want to ensure that these funds are not used for any suspicious activity or to promote extremism through Islamic seminaries in Pakistan.\"\nA boy stands while Pakistani religious students prepare food for their schoolmates at Darul Uloom Haqqania, an Islamic seminary and alma mater of several Taliban leaders, in Akora Khattak, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Sept. 14, 2013.\nThe Pakistani government says a new national counterextremism policy is being formed, which includes reforming the madrassa system, according to Ihsan Ghani, chief of the National Counter Terrorism Authority. The government vows to register all unregistered madrassas.\n\"The government has pledged to reform these madrassas through registration, change of syllabus, and to keep an eye on any extremism-related activities or links in these madrassas,\" Shah said.\nMuhammad Mir, a madrassa principal and member of a madrassa committee in Baluchistan, said he hoped the government would keep its promise to clean up radical religious schools.\n\"We're in touch with the government and have requested them to look into the matter on urgent basis,\" he told VOA. \"If there are extremist elements within any madrassas in Baluchistan, the government should take strict action against it.\"\nVOA's Noor Zahid and Madeeha Anwar contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "Students attend a lesson at Darul Uloom Haqqania, an Islamic seminary and alma mater of several Taliban leaders, in Akora Khattak, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Sept. 14, 2013. Thirty thousand madrassas operate across Pakistan; thousands are not registered with the government and are teaching grounds and recruiting points for militants, intelligence officials say.\n",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/482CCFD4-F220-4D6A-8397-DD991426A679.jpg",
        "id": "12194_1",
        "answer": [
            "the Taliban fighting in Afghanistan",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "madrassa",
            "Darul Uloom Haqqania"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_25_3739937",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_25_3739937_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the people in the image talk about?",
        "context": "Trump's Cabinet Heaps Praise at First Full Member Meeting\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nGreat president or greatest?\nThat appeared to be the question at President Donald Trump's first meeting of his full Cabinet on Monday, as top aides took turns piling praise on the boss.\nAfter Trump extolled the achievements of his young administration, asserting that he had accomplished more than any president in his first six months \u2014 with \"few exceptions,'' like President Franklin Delano Roosevelt \u2014 his Cabinet added on more accolades.\nVice President Mike Pence declared his job was \"the greatest privilege of my life.''\nAttorney General Jeff Sessions told Trump law enforcement officers \"are so thrilled that we have a new idea that we're going to support them.''\nEnergy Secretary Rick Perry gave his \"hats off'' to Trump for taking a stand against the Paris climate accord. And Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross offered thanks \"for the opportunity to help fix the trade deficit.''\nPerhaps the strongest words came from chief of staff Reince Priebus: \"On behalf of the entire senior staff around you, Mr. President, we thank you for the opportunity and the blessing that you've given us to serve your agenda.''\nPresident Donald Trump smiles during a Cabinet meeting, June 12, 2017, in the Cabinet Room of the White House in Washington.\nThe meeting came as the White House struggles to advance its agenda amid the investigations into Russia's election meddling and possible collusion with the Trump campaign. So far no major legislation has made its way through Congress.\nThe White House has been dogged by reports of infighting and disarray. And the president has repeatedly sought out conflict on social media, distracting from the issues his advisers are trying to promote.\nOn Twitter, the Senate's top Democrat, Chuck Schumer, trolled the president with video of a mock staff meeting in which aides praised Schumer's hair and his performance on the Sunday talk shows.\nTrump this week is highlighting efforts to bring more Americans into the economy by having them start working as apprentices. He also promised a news conference in two weeks to discuss the administration's efforts to combat the Islamic State.\n",
        "caption": "President Donald Trump, flanked by Secretary of State Rex Tillerson, left, and Defense Secretary Jim Mattis, speaks during a Cabinet meeting, June 12, 2017, in the Cabinet Room of the White House in Washington. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/8D2089DB-9BC8-4F77-BF66-43F12AF42AA2.jpg",
        "id": "4549_1",
        "answer": [
            "efforts to bring more Americans into the economy",
            "Great president or greatest?"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Cabinet meeting",
            "Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_12_3897593",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_12_3897593_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person in the yellow tie in the image overseeing?",
        "context": "Think Tank: Cyber Firm at Center of Russian Hacking Charges Misread Data\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nAn influential British think tank and Ukraine\u2019s military are disputing a report that the U.S. cybersecurity firm CrowdStrike has used to buttress its claims of Russian hacking in the presidential election.\nThe CrowdStrike report, released in December, asserted that Russians hacked into a Ukrainian artillery app, resulting in heavy losses of howitzers in Ukraine\u2019s war with Russian-backed separatists.\nBut the International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS) told VOA that CrowdStrike erroneously used IISS data as proof of the intrusion. IISS disavowed any connection to the CrowdStrike report. Ukraine\u2019s Ministry of Defense also has claimed combat losses and hacking never happened.\nA CrowdStrike spokesperson told VOA that it stands by its findings, which, they say, \"have been confirmed by others in the cybersecurity community.\u201d\nThe challenges to CrowdStrike\u2019s credibility are significant because the firm was the first to link last year\u2019s hacks of Democratic Party computers to Russian actors, and because CrowdStrike co-founder Dimiti Alperovitch has trumpeted its Ukraine report as more evidence of Russian election tampering.\nAlperovitch has said that variants of the same software were used in both hacks.\nFILE - CrowdStrike co-founder and CTO Dmitri Alperovitch speaks during the Reuters Media and Technology Summit in New York, June 11, 2012.\nWhile questions about CrowdStrike\u2019s findings don\u2019t disprove allegations of Russian involvement, they do add to skepticism voiced by some cybersecurity experts and commentators about the quality of their technical evidence.\nThe Russian government has denied covert involvement in the election, but U.S. intelligence agencies have concluded that Russian hacks were meant to discredit Hillary Clinton and help Donald Trump\u2019s campaign. An FBI and Homeland Security report also blamed Russian intelligence services.\nOn Monday, FBI Director James Comey confirmed at a House Intelligence Committee hearing that his agency has an ongoing investigation into the hacks of Democratic campaign computers and into contacts between Russian operatives and Trump campaign associates. The White House says there was no collusion with Russia, and other U.S. officials have said they\u2019ve found no proof.\nSignature malware\nVOA News first reported in December that sources close to the Ukraine military and the artillery app\u2019s creator questioned CrowdStrike\u2019s finding that a Russian-linked group it named \u201cFancy Bear\u201d had hacked the app. CrowdStrike said it found a variant of the same \u201cX-Agent\u201d malware used to attack the Democrats.\nFBI Director James Comey, left, and National Security Agency Director Mike Rogers during the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence hearing on Russian actions during the 2016 election campaign, March 20, 2017.\nCrowdStrike said the hack allowed Ukraine\u2019s enemies to locate its artillery units. As proof of its effectiveness, the report referenced publicly reported data in which IISS had sharply reduced its estimates of Ukrainian artillery assets. IISS, based in London, publishes a highly regarded, annual reference called \u201cThe Military Balance\u201d that estimates the strength of world armed forces.\n\u201cBetween July and August 2014, Russian-backed forces launched some of the most-decisive attacks against Ukrainian forces, resulting in significant loss of life, weaponry and territory,\u201d CrowdStrike wrote in its report, explaining that the hack compromised an app used to aim Soviet-era D-30 howitzers.\n\u201cUkrainian artillery forces have lost over 50% of their weapons in the two years of conflict and over 80% of D-30 howitzers, the highest percentage of loss of any other artillery pieces in Ukraine\u2019s arsenal,\u201d the report said, crediting a Russian blogger who had cited figures from IISS.\nThe report prompted skepticism in Ukraine.\nYaroslav Sherstyuk, maker of the Ukrainian military app in question, called the company\u2019s report \u201cdelusional\u201d in a Facebook post. CrowdStrike never contacted him before or after its report was published, he told VOA.\nPavlo Narozhnyy, a technical adviser to Ukraine\u2019s military, told VOA that while it was theoretically possible the howitzer app could have been compromised, any infection would have been spotted. \u201cI personally know hundreds of gunmen in the war zone,\u201d Narozhnyy told VOA in December. \u201cNone of them told me of D-30 losses caused by hacking or any other reason.\u201d\nVOA first contacted IISS in February to verify the alleged artillery losses. Officials there initially were unaware of the CrowdStrike assertions. After investigating, they determined that CrowdStrike misinterpreted their data and hadn\u2019t reached out beforehand for comment or clarification.\nIn a statement to VOA, the institute flatly rejected the assertion of artillery combat losses.\n\u201cThe CrowdStrike report uses our data, but the inferences and analysis drawn from that data belong solely to the report's authors,\u201d the IISS said. \u201cThe inference they make that reductions in Ukrainian D-30 artillery holdings between 2013 and 2016 were primarily the result of combat losses is not a conclusion that we have ever suggested ourselves, nor one we believe to be accurate.\u201d\nOne of the IISS researchers who produced the data said that while the think tank had dramatically lowered its estimates of Ukrainian artillery assets and howitzers in 2013, it did so as part of a \u201creassessment\u201d and reallocation of units to airborne forces.\n\"No, we have never attributed this reduction to combat losses,\" the IISS researcher said, explaining that most of the reallocation occurred prior to the two-year period that CrowdStrike cites in its report.\n\u201cThe vast majority of the reduction actually occurs ... before Crimea/Donbass,\u201d he added, referring to the 2014 Russian invasion of Ukraine.\n\u2018Evidence flimsy'\nIn early January, the Ukrainian Ministry of Defense issued a statement saying artillery losses from the ongoing fighting with separatists are \u201cseveral times smaller than the number reported by [CrowdStrike] and are not associated with the specified cause\u201d of Russian hacking.\nBut Ukraine\u2019s denial did not get the same attention as CrowdStrike\u2019s report. Its release was widely covered by news media reports as further evidence of Russian hacking in the U.S. election.\nIn interviews, Alperovitch helped foster that impression by connecting the Ukraine and Democratic campaign hacks, which CrowdStrike said involved the same Russian-linked hacking group\u2014Fancy Bear\u2014and versions of X-Agent malware the group was known to use.\n\u201cThe fact that they would be tracking and helping the Russian military kill Ukrainian army personnel in eastern Ukraine and also intervening in the U.S. election is quite chilling,\u201d Alperovitch said in a December 22 story by The Washington Post.\nThe same day, Alperovitch told the PBS NewsHour: \u201cAnd when you think about, well, who would be interested in targeting Ukraine artillerymen in eastern Ukraine? Who has interest in hacking the Democratic Party? [The] Russia government comes to mind, but specifically, [it's the] Russian military that would have operational [control] over forces in the Ukraine and would target these artillerymen.\u201d\nAlperovitch, a Russian expatriate and senior fellow at the Atlantic Council policy research center in Washington, co-founded CrowdStrike in 2011. The firm has employed two former FBI heavyweights: Shawn Henry, who oversaw global cyber investigations at the agency, and Steven Chabinsky, who was the agency's top cyber lawyer and served on an Obama White House cybersecurity commission in 2016. Chabinsky left CrowdStrike last year.\nCrowdStrike declined to answer VOA\u2019s written questions about the Ukraine report, and Alperovitch canceled a March 15 interview on the topic. In a December statement to VOA\u2019s Ukrainian Service, spokeswoman Ilina Dimitrova defended the company\u2019s conclusions.\n\u201cIt is indisputable that the [Ukraine artillery] app has been hacked by Fancy Bear malware,\u201d Dimitrova wrote. \u201cWe have published the indicators to it, and they have been confirmed by others in the cybersecurity community.\u201d\nIn its report last June attributing the Democratic hacks, CrowdStrike said it was long familiar with the methods used by Fancy Bear and another group with ties to Russian intelligence nicknamed Cozy Bear. Soon after, U.S. cybersecurity firms Fidelis and Mandiant endorsed CrowdStrike\u2019s conclusions. The FBI and Homeland Security report reached the same conclusion about the two groups.\nStill, some cybersecurity experts are skeptical that the election and purported Ukraine hacks are connected. Among them is Jeffrey Carr, a cyberwarfare consultant who has lectured at the U.S. Army War College, the Defense Intelligence Agency, and other government agencies.\nIn a January post on LinkedIn, Carr called CrowdStrike\u2019s evidence in the Ukraine \u201cflimsy.\u201d He told VOA in an interview that CrowdStrike mistakenly assumed that the X-Agent malware employed in the hacks was a reliable fingerprint for Russian actors.\n\u201cWe now know that\u2019s false,\u201d he said, \u201cand that the source code has been obtained by others outside of Russia.\"\nThis report was produced in collaboration with VOA's Ukrainian Service.\n",
        "caption": "FBI Director James Comey, left, and National Security Agency Director Mike Rogers during the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence hearing on Russian actions during the 2016 election campaign, March 20, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/95C5E1E8-21D2-4D74-B85C-64368BCC455A.jpg",
        "id": "19050_3",
        "answer": [
            "the hacks of Democratic campaign computers"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "James Comey"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_21_3776067",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_21_3776067_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person wearing the red tie in the image do?",
        "context": "Kremlin Seeks to Expand Influence in Increasingly Unstable Balkans \nSerbia's outgoing prime minister, Aleksandar Vucic, reassured European Union officials visiting Belgrade on Wednesday that his country remains committed to joining the European bloc \u2014 but he cautioned that Serbs also want to pursue traditional ties with \"friends from the East.\"\nAnd in recent months, those friends in the Kremlin have been busy, say Western officials and analysts.\nFrom offering help with disaster relief to supplying sophisticated weaponry, including warplanes, the Kremlin is seeking to expand its influence in the Balkans, a region Moscow has viewed historically as in its sphere of influence, they warn.\nMoscow's diplomatic offensive apparently is paying off. A recent Gallup poll suggests a majority of Serbs views Russia as a more dependable ally than NATO, an organization Belgrade officially wants to join.\nFILE - A Serbian transport helicopter with mixed crew performs during the joint Russian-Serbian military exercises BARS (Brotherhood of Aviators of Russia and Serbia) 2016, at the military airport Batajnica, near Belgrade, Serbia, Oct. 13, 2016.\n\"Serbia is on its European path, because we think that we belong to this type of society; we would like to join the countries who believe in democracy, entrepreneurship, human rights,\" Vucic told the European officials.\nHe warned, though, that ordinary Serbs \"often see the EU as a machine for pressure over Kosovo,\" a reference to the as-yet-unresolved status of the onetime Serbian province, which declared formal independence in 2008.\nSerbia has withheld recognition of Kosovo \u2014 as has Russia.\nMany Serbs frowned on former U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and cheered President Donald Trump's election, a reflection of their residual anger over NATO's bombing of Serbia in 1995 and 1999 during the Balkans War ordered by her husband, then-President Bill Clinton. They had hoped the new U.S. president would change course on U.S.-Balkans policy and favor Belgrade in the unresolved dispute over Kosovo's status. \nAmerican officials, though, have dashed Serbian hopes with recent statements indicating Washington's support for Kosovo will remain unwavering during the Trump presidency.\nThose statements included a call by the new U.S. ambassador to the United Nations, Nikki Haley, for the breakaway province to become a full member of the U.N.\nFILE - United States U.N. Ambassador Nikki Haley delivers remarks in the United Nations Security Council, Feb. 21, 2017.\n\"In Kosovo, while more must be done to strengthen governance and the rule of law, the United States believes that the international community must recognize Kosovo's great strides since independence,\" Haley said February 21 at the U.N. Security Council.\nHeightened tensions\nKosovo's status is just one issue dividing the Balkans. Others include whether to tilt geopolitically to the East or West, and border disputes. Ethnic tensions are on the rise in Serbia, Bosnia-Herzegovina and Montenegro. Bosnia remains split among Serbs, Bosnians and Croats, and the wounds of the vicious three-year-long war of the 1990s have not yet begun to heal.\nAll the issues are adding to tensions in the Balkans just as the region turns into a political battleground between a revanchist Russia and an uncertain West, say pro-West Balkan politicians.\nLast week, neighboring Montenegro's former prime minister accused Russia of \"destructive\" politics in the Balkans. His comments came in the wake of startling allegations by Montenegro officials that the Kremlin was behind an attempt in October to overthrow the country's pro-Western government.\nMilo Djukanovic, who resigned after the alleged pro-Russian plot, told Socialist Democratic Party members that Montenegro is now in the firing line of a newly assertive Russia eager to expand its influence in the Balkans. Pro-Russian opposition parties were ready to use \"bloodshed and a coup\" to install a pro-Kremlin government, he said.\nThe Kremlin has denied the allegations of Russian involvement in an election day plot that allegedly included plans to kill Djukanovic and take over the country's parliament. Prosecutors have accused some 20 people \u2014 including two Russians \u2014 of involvement.\nFILE - Montenegro's Prime Minister Dusko Markovic, left, escorted by his Serbian counterpart Aleksandar Vucic, reviews the honor guard during a welcoming ceremony at the Serbia Palace in Belgrade, Serbia, Feb. 3, 2017.\nRussian officials have recently said Serbia, Bosnia, Macedonia and Montenegro should be seen as in Moscow's sphere of interest and are opposed to any of them joining NATO. As with other parts of Europe, the Kremlin has been supporting openly anti-EU nationalist parties in the Balkans.\nRussian 'autocracy'\nIn Serbia, analysts say a clear illustration of the Kremlin's efforts to expand its clout can be seen in the growing role Russian media are playing in the country.\nIn May, a report by the Center for Euro-Atlantic Studies, a pro-Western Belgrade-based policy research organization, found that 109 registered non-governmental organizations, associations and media outlets can be linked to pro-Russian lobbying efforts.\nThe increase in Russian media activity, according to the research group, started in 2008 in Serb areas of northern Kosovo, and increased dramatically in 2012, coinciding with pro-Serb demonstrations and the start of negotiations on the normalization of relations between Serb and Kosovo authorities under the auspices of the EU.\nPro-Russian advocacy \"increased drastically in 2015 when it became clear that Serbia would begin formal negotiations with the EU, and when the intention of stronger cooperation with NATO within the Individual Partnership Action Plan [IPAP] was disclosed,\" according to the authors of the study, Eyes Wide Shut.\n\"The replacement of democracy with autocracy, under the current Russian model, is the main goal of Russian soft power in Serbia and in the region. Other goals are the reduction of support for European integration and the discrediting of the very concept of [EU] enlargement,\" the research group's authors assert.\nThere also has been a noticeable increase in the influx of content sponsored by state-run Russia media outlets, such as Russia Today and Sputnik, offered for free to cash-strapped Serbian media outlets.\nWith elections due this year in Serbia, and the first indictments expected from an international court established in The Hague for trials of alleged historical war crimes committed during the 1990s by the ethnic Albanian Kosovo Liberation Army, tensions are likely only to increase in the Balkans.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Montenegro's Prime Minister Dusko Markovic, left, escorted by his Serbian counterpart Aleksandar Vucic, reviews the honor guard during a welcoming ceremony at the Serbia Palace in Belgrade, Serbia, Feb. 3, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/AFA3F4D8-EC30-4A47-8A23-BCD8B55A2A4A.jpg",
        "id": "17820_4",
        "answer": [
            "reassured European Union officials",
            "None",
            "reassured European Union officials visiting Belgrade on Wednesday that his country remains committed to joining the European bloc \u2014 but he cautioned that Serbs also want to pursue traditional ties with \"friends from the East.\""
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Aleksandar Vucic"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_02_3747241",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_02_3747241_4"
    },
    {
        "question": "What are the people in the image supposedly doing?",
        "context": "Trump Claims Massive Immigration into Sweden Has Been a Failure\nU.S. President Donald Trump contends the \"fake news media\" is defending Sweden's immigration policies, claiming that massive immigration into the Scandinavian country has been a failure.\n\"Give the public a break - The FAKE NEWS media is trying to say that large scale immigration in Sweden is working out just beautifully. NOT!\" Trump said Monday on his Twitter account.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p lang=\\\"en\\\" dir=\\\"ltr\\\"\\u0026gt;Give the public a break - The FAKE NEWS media is trying to say that large scale immigration in Sweden is working out just beautifully. NOT!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/833681539997253636\\\"\\u0026gt;February 20, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nTrump's comment extended for another day the spat he ignited with Washington's allies in Stockholm when he suggested, erroneously, at a Saturday campaign rally that a terrorist attack had occurred in Sweden on Friday.\nTrump mentioned past terrorist attacks in Europe linked to open-borders immigration, saying, \"You look at what's happening in Germany.You look at what's happening last night in Sweden. Sweden.Who would believe this?Sweden.They took in large numbers and they're having problems like they never thought possible.\"\nTrump, after many Swedes mocked the comment for hours on Swedish social media sites, said his remark referred to a Fox News broadcast about migrants and Sweden that he had watched Friday, not a terrorist attack.\nJournalist Ami Horowitz contended on the show that high-level Swedish officials are deliberately covering up a surge in crime, especially gun violence and rapes, committed by some of the more than 300,000 immigrants Sweden has accepted from war-torn countries since 2013. \nOfficial government statistics show that the country's crime rate has fallen since 2005.\nWhile Trump contended that Sweden's acceptance of the immigrants has failed, the Swedish embassy in Washington said Sunday, \"We look forward to informing the U.S. administration about Sweden's immigration and integration policies.\"\nUpon first learning of Trump's campaign rally statement, Swedish Foreign Minister Margot Wallstrom said that democracy and diplomacy \"require us to respect science, facts and media.\"\nHer predecessor, Carl Bildt, took to Twitter, saying of Trump, \"Sweden?Terror attack?What has he been smoking?Questions abound.\"Other Swedes joked that Trump's original comment might have been referring to a large meatball theft, an avalanche warning or police chasing a drunken driver.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A police officer keeps guard as migrants arrive at Hyllie station outside Malmo, Sweden.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/4B599717-3E10-48EC-9AAC-906EC5A9F7A0.jpg",
        "id": "4991_1",
        "answer": [
            "Massive Immigration into Sweden",
            "crime"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Migrants",
            "migrants"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_20_3732404",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_20_3732404_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person in the middle of the image worried about?",
        "context": "UN Urges DRC to Implement December Political Deal\nUNITED NATIONS \u2014\u00a0\nThe United Nations said Tuesday that nearly three months after a political agreement was signed in the Democratic Republic of Congo, its implementation remains stalled, threatening security and stability.\n\u201cAs long as political dialogue remains in a stalemate, the tensions risk mounting,\u201d Maman Sidikou, the head of the U.N. mission in DRC, MONUSCO, warned Security Council members.\nA bleak report from the U.N. secretary-general chronicles spreading violence \u2013 including in previously stable areas, such as Tanganyika, where there has been inter-communal violence, and in Kasai and Lomami provinces, where militias have clashed with the army, killing more than 200 civilians. Mass graves also have been reported in Kasai. Last week, two U.N. experts and their four Congolese colleagues disappeared in the province and fears are growing for their safe return.\nHuman rights abuses also are alarmingly high \u2013 more than 5,000 violations last year -- the majority at the hands of state agents, primarily the police. The U.N. reports continued activity of armed groups in the country\u2019s east - including the resurgence of elements of the rebel group M23 - who were defeated in November 2013.\n\u201cThe risk of electoral violence also remains high, mainly in urban areas,\u201d Sidikou warned.\nMeanwhile, displacements remain high, with more than 2.2 million Congolese forced from their homes.\nFILE - Democratic Republic of Congo's President Joseph Kabila arrives for a southern and central African leaders' meeting to discuss the political crisis in the DRC in Luanda, Angola.\nIn December, President Joseph Kabila remained in power after his constitutional mandate expired, sparking unrest and reigniting fears that the country of 67 million would slide backwards and return to violence and civil war. The country is still trying to work its way through the political crisis, towards elections later this year.\nBut there have been significant obstacles along the way. A deal signed between the government and opposition on December 31, 2016 has not been implemented, and in February, 84-year-old opposition leader Etienne Tshisekedi died. There also have been disagreements between the two sides over designating a candidate for prime minister.\n\u201cThe government has no intention of trying to delay implementation of the [December 31, 2016] agreement,\u201d Congolese Foreign Minister Leonard She Okitundu told the council. He noted that the parties resumed negotiations on March 16 and that he is optimistic they will bridge their differences.\nHe said President Kabila is determined to continue the process toward organizing elections, and said close to 12 million voters have been registered of an anticipated 41 million throughout the country.\nLargest UN Peacekeeping Mission\nThe peacekeeping mission in the DRC is the United Nations' largest, with 20,000 troops and police, and its most costly, at more than $1.2 billion annually to operate. The Kabila government is eager to see the mission wind down and withdraw, while some Security Council members are looking to streamline its size and expense.\nThe mission\u2019s mandate is up for renewal before the end of this month, and council members are debating what changes are necessary.\nFILE - Two MONUSCO UN soldiers stand guard in Goma's port.\n\u201cThere was some support for a reduction in numbers [of peacekeepers], but also some concern that this year in particular -- with elections coming up by the end of the year -- is not the moment to reduce in any way the ability of MONUSCO to provide protection of civilians,\u201d Council President British Ambassador Matthew Rycroft told reporters.\nDue to the increasing threat of violence, the U.N. chief has asked for two additional police units for areas likely to be \u201celectoral hotspots\u201d - Lubumbashi and Kananga. He also has recommended the possible deployment of additional \u201cspecialized capabilities,\u201d including intelligence assets and specialized ground troops. He said that would be accomplished by reducing other MONUSCO troops, not requiring an increase in the current force size.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Maman Sambo Sidikou (C), former Nigerian politician, Special Representative for the Democratic Republic of Congo and Head of the United Nations Organisation Stabilization Mission in DRC (MONUSCO) speaks during the opening of a Congolese \"National Dialogue\" in the Democratic Republic of Congo's capital Kinshasa on September 1, 2016. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/1233DBD1-3558-483B-B504-38C7CB586BE3.jpg",
        "id": "30108_1_2",
        "answer": [
            "electoral violence"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Sidikou"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_21_3775929",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_21_3775929_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What was the person portrayed on the picture in the image?",
        "context": "Watchdog Group Implicates Top Honduran Politicians in Killings of Activists\nA London-based watchdog is accusing senior Honduran politicians and business leaders of leading a violent crackdown on indigenous and rural Hondurans who stand up against industrial theft of their land.\nGlobal Witness said in a new report that Honduras is the world's deadliest country for those who defend the environment against big industry.\nIt says more than 120 people have been killed since 2010 for resisting mining companies, dam builders and agricultural giants. They include September's high-profile murder of environmentalist Berta Caceres.\nAmong those Global Witness implicates in the violence is Honduran ruling party president Gladis Aurora Lopez, whose husband allegedly controls a company planning to build the controversial Los Encinos dam.\n\"We have documented countless chilling attacks and threats, including the savage beating by soldiers of pregnant women, children held at gunpoint by police, arson attacks on villagers' homes, and hired assassins who still wander free among their victims' communities,\" Global Witness campaign leader Billy Kyte said.\nHe said the Honduran political and business elite use \"corrupt and criminal means\" to make big money from the country's wealth in natural resources.\nKyte says Honduras' biggest foreign aid donor, the United States, should do what it can to stop the bloodshed instead of \"fueling insecurity across the country.\"\nThere has been no comment yet from the Honduran government.\nWhile the former Obama administration condemned the Caceres murder and offered to help hunt down the killers, the new Trump administration has yet to publicly comment on U.S. policy toward Honduras.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A woman places flowers on an altar set up in honor of Berta Caceres during a demonstration outside Honduras' embassy in Mexico City, June 15, 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/FD080B50-420A-4BB0-8E57-1621D0805BDC.jpg",
        "id": "25098_1",
        "answer": [
            "environmentalist"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Berta Caceres"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_31_3701116",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_31_3701116_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What are the people in the image trying to do?",
        "context": "US Shoots Down Pro-regime Drone that Fired Upon Coalition Forces in Syria\nPENTAGON / WASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nA U.S. military aircraft shot down an armed, pro-Syrian government drone Thursday after it fired upon U.S.-led coalition members on patrol in southern Syria, a spokesman for the U.S.-led coalition said.\nThe incident was the first time that pro-regime forces attempted to strike coalition forces in the area surrounding al-Tanf, an army base where members of the coalition are training Syrians to fight Islamic State, U.S. Army Colonel Ryan Dillon told reporters at the Pentagon by video call from Baghdad.\nLocal counter-Islamic State fighters were patrolling with coalition troops about 60 kilometers east of al-Tanf base when the drone, similar in size to an MQ-1 Predator, launched a munition that failed to detonate, multiple officials told VOA.\n\"It hit dirt; it didn't hit any coalition forces,\" Dillon said, adding that the munition caused no casualties and no damage to equipment, but was \"clearly meant as an attack.\"\nAnother U.S. military official told VOA that American troops were part of the targeted patrol.\nAbout 40 pro-regime forces have set up camp overlooking a major road northwest of al-Tanf, in an area inside an established deconfliction zone that reaches about 55 kilometers around the base, according to officials. A larger contingency of pro-regime forces is patrolling northwest of the base outside of the established deconfliction zone.\n\"Our patrols were in the opposite direction of where the regime forces were,\" Dillon said.\nEarlier in the day, the U.S.-led coalition said it also destroyed two pro-regime armed technical vehicles \u2014 essentially trucks with guns attached \u2014 that were advancing toward coalition forces within the deconfliction zone.\nThe coalition has said its mission is to defeat Islamic State forces in Iraq and Syria, but its forces always reserve the right to defend themselves against any threat.\nA statement from U.S. Central Command, which oversees U.S. military operations in the Middle East, stressed that \"the coalition does not seek to fight the Syrian regime, Russian or pro-regime forces partnered with them.\"\nThursday marks the third time coalition forces have struck pro-Syrian government forces in less than one month, forces that Defense Secretary Jim Mattis has said are believed to be \"Iranian directed.\"\nIn all three instances \u2014 May 18, Tuesday and Thursday \u2014 the coalition targeted armed vehicles, tanks and construction vehicles that could be used to establish defensive positions. None of the strikes so far has targeted the pro-regime forces who are stationed along a major road inside the deconfliction zone, but coalition forces continue to urge those forces to leave.\n\"They have not presented a threat. They have not continued to move toward our forces in al-Tanf garrison, but we will continue to attempt to get them to vacate the area,\" Dillon said.\nMichael O'Hanlon, a senior defense fellow at the Brookings Institution, told VOA on Thursday that the U.S. and Iran are now in \"direct competition for certain access points inside eastern Syria.\"\n\"We don't necessarily want that for ourselves, but we don't want it for Iran,\" O'Hanlon said.\nHe said the U.S.-led coalition doesn't feel the need to concede territory there due to the lack of Iranian constituencies in the Sunni-majority area and the need to continue developing assets there to defeat Islamic State.\nMeanwhile, Iranians sense an opportunity from the instability in Syria to create a continuous land bridge from Iran to the Mediterranean, according to O'Hanlon.\nFILE - Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) fighters hold up their weapons in the north of Raqqa city, Syria.\nRaqqa\nThe attempted pro-regime drone attack comes as Syrian Democratic Forces entered their third day on the operation to defeat Islamic State forces in the terror group's de-facto capital, Raqqa.\nDillon told reporters the SDF already have a \"foothold into the eastern part of Raqqa city center.\"\n\"Our forces are making swift advances,\" Zagros Qamishlo, a commander of SDF Kurdish element People's Protection Units, told VOA. She added that her team had pushed one kilometer into the eastern city limits.\nU.S. officials estimate that there are about 2,500 Islamic State fighters inside the city and its suburbs. Those on the front lines say Islamic State militants are fighting back with a barrage of suicide car bombs and suicide fighters.\n\"A group of IS thugs tried to reverse our advances but coalition airplanes came to our support,\" Siwar Rozh, an SDF fighter, told VOA.\nVOA footage of the scene shows thick smoke has covered the skyline over the city as SDF members are trying to push down into the IS neighborhoods.\nA VOA reporter who visited areas captured by SDF Thursday said engineers have started clearing mines and booby traps to fully secure the buildings.\nSDF commanders told VOA they have made arrangements to open safety corridors for civilians as they expect thousands to flee the fighting.\nThe International Rescue Committee estimates 200,000 people are trapped in the city and are at risk of being killed by IS if they attempt to flee or being used as human shields if they remain.\nAccording to the anti-IS Raqqa is Being Slaughtered Silently group, civilians also face the risk of heavy coalition airstrikes as IS tries to hide among them. It said IS has confiscated most civilian houses that contain shelter spaces or basements.\nMahmoud Bali contributed to this story from Raqqa, Syria.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - This frame grab from a video provided by the Syria Democratic Forces (SDF), shows fighters from the SDF opening fire on an Islamic State group's position, in Raqqa's eastern countryside, Syria, March 6, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B755CD33-8AB5-497A-960E-D440EA5B052D.jpg",
        "id": "5456_1",
        "answer": [
            "trying to push down into the IS neighborhoods."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "SDF"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_08_3892866",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_08_3892866_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What was the speaker in the image trying to discuss?",
        "context": "One Month in, Anti-Trump Movement Shows Signs of Sustained Momentum\nU.S. Representative Leonard Lance, who has held more than 40 town hall-style meetings with constituents in his central New Jersey district, has never faced a crowd like he did on Wednesday.\nThe Republican endured catcalls, chants and caustic questions from more than 1,000 residents at a local college, while hundreds of others outside brandished signs with messages like \"Resist Trump.\"\nParallel scenes have played out across the country this week during the first congressional recess since Donald Trump became president. Republican lawmakers returning home confronted a wave of anger over a spectrum of issues, including immigration, health care and Trump's possible ties to Russia.\nThe raucous meetings are the latest in a relentless series of rallies, marches and protests that shows no signs of abating more than 30 days into the new administration.\nThe anti-Trump energy has prompted talk of a liberal-style Tea Party movement, in reference to the protests in 2009 that helped reshape the Republican Party and arguably laid the groundwork for Trump's surprise electoral victory last year.\n\"Some of the lessons to draw from that are persistence, repetition, not taking 'no' for an answer,\" said Victoria Kaplan, the organizing director for the grassroots progressive group MoveOn.\nSince the day after Trump's inauguration, when millions of protesters joined women's marches worldwide, left-wing organizers have sought to harness that anger to fuel a lasting political campaign.\nHundreds of progressive groups have sprung up across the country - some affiliated with national organizations like Indivisible or MoveOn - to help coordinate.\nAt town halls in New Jersey and Virginia this week, constituents came armed with red \"disagree\" signs they held aloft to register their disapproval of what they heard from their representatives.\nSome U.S. senators, such as Pat Toomey, Republican of Pennsylvania, have faced weekly protests outside their offices, and a Pennsylvania health care network set up a \"town hall\" this week with an empty suit in place of Toomey, who declined to attend.\nMore marches are scheduled across the country in the coming months, including several major events in Washington, tied to gay rights, science and a push for Trump to release his tax returns.\nJust the beginning?\nThe sheer volume of protests - last week, there were three nationwide calls for action within a five-day span - has some political observers wondering how long it can last.\nBut several experts who study protests said the level of outrage may be increasing, rather than subsiding, after a tumultuous first month in which Trump's words and actions created fresh outrage among liberals almost daily.\n\"We're not anywhere near reaching a saturation point for protest,\" said Michael Heaney, the author of \"Party in the Street: The Antiwar Movement and the Democratic Party after 9/11\" and a University of Michigan professor. \"If anything, it's just getting started.\"\nThe key for organizers is to convert large-scale protests into sustained action by building databases of names and encouraging locally based events, experts said.\n\"You can't just have the diehards,\" said Dana R. Fisher, a University of Maryland professor who studies collective action. \"And then you need to channel them into new types of activism.\"\nWhen Fisher surveyed participants at the women's march in Washington, she found one-third were attending their first protest - the highest percentage she has ever observed.\n\"This is unprecedented,\" she said. \"But there's nothing that's not unprecedented about the Trump presidency.\" Some Republicans have dismissed the protests as manufactured. Trump on Tuesday tweeted that \"so-called angry crowds\" in Republicans' districts were \"planned out by liberal activists.\"\n\u2018Firing on all cylinders\u2019\nBut Kaplan of MoveOn said the vast majority of actions were \"organic.\" A weekly conference call the group hosts to discuss the movement has attracted a bigger number of participants each week, with 46,000 people joining the latest discussion.\n\"We are firing on all cylinders to catch up\" with grassroots protests, she said. \"That is a demonstration of energy and sustainability.\"\nExperts also said social media has made it far easier to organize mass protests quickly and efficiently.\nIn what Kaplan said was a sign the protests are having an impact, many Republicans have eschewed town halls this week to avoid confrontations. There were fewer than 100 in-person Republican town halls scheduled for the first two months of the year, compared with more than 200 in the same period in 2015, according to a Vice report.\nIn Louisiana on Wednesday, residents shouted down Republican Senator Bill Cassidy as he tried to explain his health care proposal. Scott Taylor, a freshman Republican representative in Virginia, sparred with hundreds of impassioned constituents on Monday at his own event.\nLike Lance, whose district voted for Hillary Clinton over Trump, Taylor is already a midterm target for Democrats. Taylor said in an interview after the town hall that he recognized many of the attendees from the local Democratic Party.\n\"It's not like they're just some new organic people who just came about and are concerned,\" Taylor said.\nBut not everyone was a Democrat. Austin Phillips, a 22-year-old Trump voter, told Taylor at the town hall he was worried about losing healthcare coverage if Obamacare is repealed.\n\"Trump has talked about wanting to repeal it,\" Phillips, who is self-employed and purchased insurance through an exchange created by the law, said in a later interview. \"If they quickly repeal it with no replacement lined up, then theoretically everybody would lose their insurance.\"\n",
        "caption": "Matthew Schoenberger, of New Orleans, shouts a question at Republican U.S. Senator Bill Cassidy during a town hall meeting in Metairie, Louisiana, Feb. 22, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/08B09865-117C-4CA8-B6FA-F638C422CA8E.jpg",
        "id": "32509_1",
        "answer": [
            "his health care proposal"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Senator Bill Cassidy"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_24_3738599",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_24_3738599_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the people standing in the image ask for?",
        "context": "Photos Show Violence, Death in South Sudan Village\nThe identity of the man is unknown. The circumstances of his passing are unclear. All that appears certain is that the man suffered a hideous, violent death.\nThe photos of the man were taken on or about April 12, a little more than a week after men wearing uniforms of the South Sudanese army entered Parjok, a small town near South Sudan's border with Uganda, and killed up to 16 people, many of them execution-style.\nThe photographer, who did not want to be identified, snapped pictures in the aftermath. Some show the remains of charred, burned-out huts. Another shows local residents, possibly homeless, sitting in the street with a few belongings, including a muddy bicycle.\nFILE - A man collecting bodies to bury in a mass grave approaches a burned hut containing charred corpses, on the outskirts of Yei, a center of the country's renewed civil war, southern South Sudan, Nov. 15, 2016.\nThe most disturbing photos show the remains of the unidentified man, left for dead outside a hut. Most of his skin and muscles have been burned away, leaving an almost bare skeleton on the dusty ground. In the back of his skull, smack in the center, there is a sizable hole. It looks bullet-sized.\nObservatory group\nThe photo was sent to VOA's South Sudan in Focus by the South Sudan Human Rights Observatory Group.\nThe volunteer group, formed by South Sudanese lawyers, journalists and academics a month ago, collects information and images that document abuses against civilians, who have suffered the brunt of the violence and atrocities committed during South Sudan's three-year-plus conflict.\nOne of the founders, Remember Miamingi, said the group had been \"overwhelmed\" by the volume of photos and witness testimony people sent from Parjok and the town of Wau, also the scene of recent fighting.\nPeople used satellite phones and mobile phones to record \"evidence of things as they were unfolding. We were shocked,\" Miamingi told VOA.\nHe said the group's work could be used to help investigative bodies, such as the U.N. Commission on Human Rights and the African Union Peace and Security Council.\nIt's important that the collected information is properly analyzed, \"so that people who have shared this information with us can see that we are letting the world know what their personal experiences are,\" Miamingi said.\nFILE - South Sudanese soldiers suspected of beating and raping civilians are chained together at the presidential guard unit, within the Sudan People's Liberation Army headquarters, after their arrest in Juba, March 3, 2017.\nIndividual experiences can get lost in the tales of misery that come out of South Sudan, where fighting has left huge parts of the country mired in chronic violence and spreading hunger that has reached famine levels in parts of Unity State, in the north of the country. \nNeither side accepts blame\nIn phone interviews with VOA's Daybreak Africa, representatives of both sides \u2014 the government of President Salva Kiir and the opposition led by former Vice President Riek Machar \u2014 refused to take blame for the crisis.\n\"We are not violent. It is the government that is violent,\" said Lieutenant Colonel Lam Paul Gabriel of the Sudan People's Liberation Army-in Opposition (SPLA-IO). \"We are on a strict order from Riek Machar not to engage the government in any attacks, so we have been on self-defense every single moment.\"\nSome observers characterize the conflict as ethnic in nature, with Kiir's Dinka tribe trying to seize property and power from Machar's Nuer tribe and other non-Dinka groups. Gabriel said there is a \"genocide\" going on in the areas of the country inhabited by the Nuer ethnic group.\nAteny Wek Ateny, a spokesman for the Kiir government, denied there was an ethnic aspect to the fighting. He said South Sudanese of various ethnicities are \"happily living side by side.\"\n\"The government of South Sudan is only defending itself while it is attacked by the bandits who are armed and trying to cause havoc in the country,\" Ateny said. \"Why would the government of South Sudan fight its own people?\"\nBut Human Rights Watch and the U.N. Human Rights Council have released reports putting blame for the violence on the government. The U.N. report said the army and National Security Service have attacked the Nuer and other non-Dinka ethnic groups who they believe are helping the rebels.\nFILE - A South Sudanese woman carries food donated by Saudi Arabia Government through the Islamic Council of South Sudan in Juba, South Sudan, April 19, 2017.\nAid blocked\nThe government also uses food as a weapon, according to the U.N. The Human Rights Council said that since December 2016, the National Security Service has prevented eight aid organizations from delivering assistance to rebel-controlled areas.\nThe army apparently was behind the killings in Parjok on April 3. Residents said soldiers entered the town and demanded to know the whereabouts of rebel fighters, according to a report from the U.N. refugee agency.\nAn army deputy spokesman, Brigadier General Santo Domic, told South Sudan in Focus that troops killed people whom he described as \"bandits,\" who he said were looting buildings and killing civilians.\nA spokesman for the U.N. refugee agency, citing witnesses, said the town had come under an indiscriminate attack by the South Sudanese armed forces.\nSome witnesses saw people shot at close range, one of them being the man left for dead on a Parjok street.\nMost of Parjok's residents fled in the wake of the attack, making it hard to determine why the man was targeted for such a grisly death, his remains being left to rot in the hot sun.\nVOA\u2019s Salem Solomon contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - South Sudanese soldiers suspected of beating and raping civilians are chained together at the presidential guard unit, within the Sudan People's Liberation Army headquarters, after their arrest in Juba, March 3, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/E9918BF8-2D7C-4CE3-AB40-738F4CF7EDD2.jpg",
        "id": "29035_3",
        "answer": [
            "the whereabouts of rebel fighters"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "soldiers"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_21_3820783",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_21_3820783_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What melee weapon did the people in formation in the image use?",
        "context": "Protests Break Out in Venezuela After Top Court Muzzles Congress\nCARACAS, VENEZUELA \u2014\u00a0\nSecurity forces violently repressed small protests that broke out in Venezuela's capital Friday after the government-stacked Supreme Court gutted congress of its last vestiges of power, drawing widespread condemnation from foreign governments.\nGovernments across Latin America condemned the power grab, with the head of the Organization of American States likening it to a \"self-inflicted coup\" by socialist President Nicolas Maduro's \"regime\" against the opposition-controlled congress. The United Nations' top human rights official called on the high court to reverse its decision.\nIn Caracas, national guardsmen in riot gear fired buckshot and swung batons at a small group of students who gathered early outside the Supreme Court. A few arrests took place and some journalists covering the demonstration had their cameras taken before the group reassembled elsewhere in the capital.\nLarger demonstrations were expected later as residents of eastern Caracas, the site of weeks of anti-government unrest in 2014, awoke to an eerie calm.\nIn Photos:\nProtests Break Out in Venezuela After Top Court Muzzles Congress\nThe magistrates ruled late Wednesday that as long as lawmakers remain in contempt of past rulings, the high court, or an institution it designates, can assume the constitutionally assigned powers of the National Assembly, which has been controlled by the opposition for nearly a year and a half.\nMaduro has yet to comment on the decision but there are signs that at least some top officials are in disagreement.\nIn a surprise pronouncement Attorney General Luisa Ortega Diaz, normally a government loyalist, said the Supreme Court's decision constituted a violation of constitutional order.\nThe ruling and one earlier in the week limiting lawmakers' immunity from prosecution capped a feud that began when the long-marginalized opposition won control of the legislature by a landslide in December 2015 and then mounted a campaign to force Maduro from office. The leftist leader, who has seen his approval ratings plunge amid widespread food shortages and triple-digit inflation, responded by relying on the Supreme Court to unseat several lawmakers and then routinely nullify all legislation voted there.\n\"This isn't any old sentence. It marks a point of no return on the road to dictatorship,\" said Freddy Guevara, the No. 2 leader in congress.\nPeru's government immediately recalled its ambassador in protest of what it called \"a flagrant break in the democratic order.\" Colombia called back its ambassador Friday for consultations. And Chile's left-of-center president, who has been reluctant to openly criticize Maduro, said she was deeply worried by the ruling and also ordered her ambassador to return home for consultations.\nThe U.S. State Department reiterated its call for Maduro to free political prisoners and hold immediate elections to resolve the crisis, saying the court decision to \"usurp\" the National Assembly's powers represented a \"serious setback for democracy in Venezuela.\"\nOAS Secretary General Luis Almagro called for an emergency meeting of the regional group, which held two angry sessions on Venezuela earlier this week. That meeting ended with 20 governments led by the U.S. and Mexico voicing deep concern about the Venezuelan situation but no concrete actions to hold Maduro accountable.\nLuis Vicente Leon, a Caracas-based pollster, said that while the ruling completely \"pulverizes the separation of powers,\" Venezuela long ago stopped operating like a normal democracy with a clear rule of law and independent institutions. He sees the government hardening its position in the face of mounting economic woes and international pressure, further dashing hopes for dialogue and an electoral solution.\n\"It's perfectly predictable that the government is going to keep radicalizing,\" he said.\nThe main opposition alliance said it was holding around-the-clock meetings to determine its next steps, but some leaders were already calling for protests as early as Saturday. Meanwhile, some hard-liners called for the military, the traditional arbiter of political disputes in Venezuela and an important crutch for Maduro, to intervene.\nWhile the capital was generally quiet Thursday, as night fell a few people in wealthier eastern Caracas gathered on balconies and in front of homes banging pots and pans and shouting \"Get out Maduro!\"\n\"The 30 million Venezuelans need to take to the streets and confront the dictatorship,\" said Daniela Tani, a coordinator for one of Venezuela's opposition groups who joined about 50 people briefly blocking one of major roadways in Caracas. The protesters waved flags and stopped traffic until being surrounded by police trying to clear the street.\nBut it was not clear if critics of the government were in the mood for another street fight after past attempts fizzled or ended in bloodshed with little to show. Weeks of unrest in 2014 resulted in more than 40 deaths and dozens of arrests, while a mass protest last September was followed by authorities a few days later cancelling a recall petition campaign seeking to force Maduro from office before his term ends in 2019.\nThe Supreme Court's ruling stemmed from congress' refusal to authorize Venezuela's state-run oil company to form joint ventures with private companies, including Russia's Rosneft. State media said the ruling was not seeking to supplant congress but rather to guarantee the rule of law so long as legislators remains obstructionist by refusing to sign off on a budget and key economic decisions.\nMaduro kept out of the debate, appearing twice Thursday on state TV but leaving to his aides to denounce his critics. He also received pledges from anti-American allies such as Russia, which urged external actors to refrain from interfering in Venezuela's internal affairs.\n\"We denounce the conspiracy by the region's right-wing to attack Venezuela's democratic system,\" Foreign Minister Delcy Rodriguez said on Twitter.\nAssociated Press writer Jorge Rueda reported this story in Caracas and AP writer Joshua Goodman reported from Bogota, Colombia. Associated Press photographer Fernando Llano in Caracas contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "University students confront a line of Venezuelan National Guard officers in riot gear during a protest outside of the Supreme Court in Caracas, Venezuela, March 31, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/EEE4641E-CCF1-44DD-9A72-9949514C21F9.jpg",
        "id": "28562_1",
        "answer": [
            "batons"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "national guard"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_31_3791361",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_31_3791361_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the person in the image with the blue tie say?",
        "context": "Lebanese PM Asks UN to Help Seek Permanent Truce with Israel\nBEIRUT \u2014\u00a0\nLebanese Prime Minister Saad al-Hariri asked the United Nations on Friday to help Lebanon and Israel move towards a permanent ceasefire and end what he called Israel's \"continuous violations\" of Lebanese territory.\nIsrael and Lebanon's Shi'ite Hezbollah group fought a month-long war in 2006 that concluded with a cessation of hostilities but without a formal peace deal.\n\"I urge the U.N. secretary general to support efforts to secure, as soon as possible, a state of permanent ceasefire. This is long overdue and my government is committed to move this agenda forward,\" Hariri said.\nHariri was speaking on a visit to south Lebanon a day after Hezbollah officials staged a media tour near the same area to view what they said were recent Israeli fortifications on the border and to state their preparedness in case of any new war.\nAn Israeli bulldozer makes sand barriers on a road to an Israeli settlement, during a media trip organized by Hezbollah to show journalists the defensive measures established by the Israeli forces to prevent against any Hezbollah infiltration into Israel, April 20, 2017.\nThe tour drew a response from Israeli military spokesman Lieutenant Colonel Peter Lerner, who said in a Facebook post that Hezbollah's media tour was to \"shake their sabres and pound their chests.\"\nUnder U.N. resolution 1701, which ended the 2006 war between Israel and Hezbollah, the Lebanese army is responsible for security on its side of the border in a zone from which any other armed force, including Hezbollah, is banned.\nThe United Nations also maintains a peacekeeping force on the border.\nResolution 1701 also required Israel to withdraw from Lebanese territory. Lebanon says that Israel has not fulfilled this because it continues to occupy a disputed area known in Lebanon as the Shebaa Farms.\n",
        "caption": "Lebanese Prime Minister Saad Hariri, right, speaks to journalists, as he stands next of Head of Mission and Force Commander of UNIFIL, Maj. Gen. Michael Beary, left, at U.N. peacekeepers headquarters, at the coastal border town of Naqoura, south Lebanon, April 21, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/5C79ADB7-7CD6-4331-B70E-86209ABF5963.jpg",
        "id": "17272_1",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "help Lebanon and Israel move towards a permanent ceasefire",
            "I urge the U.N. secretary general to support efforts to secure, as soon as possible, a state of permanent ceasefire. This is long overdue and my government is committed to move this agenda forward"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Saad Hariri",
            "Hariri"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_21_3820627",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_21_3820627_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Why did the people in the image advocate for the thing?",
        "context": "Turks Approve Referendum Strengthening Presidential Powers\nISTANBUL \u2014\u00a0\nTurkey's ruling party has claimed victory in a referendum granting broad new powers to President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, authorities announced late Sunday. \nWith 99 percent of the ballots counted, official Turkish media placed the \"yes\" vote at more than 51 percent, and the \"no\" vote at just under 49 percent. The head of Turkey's electoral board later confirmed those results and said official tallies would be released within the next 12 days.\nErdogan told cheering supporters outside his official residence in Istanbul that the \"yes\" camp had secured 25 million votes - 1.3 million more than those cast by opponents of the sweeping changes. He also said the referendum had ended Turkey's decades-long history of military intervention in government.\n\"For the first time in the history of the republic, we are changing our ruling system through civil politics,\" he said in a brief address.\nThe yes vote means the Turkish parliament will be largely sidelined. The prime minister and Cabinet will be abolished, and ministers will be directly appointed by the president and accountable to him. The president also will set the budget.\nWatch: Erdogan wins vote but result is disputed \nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nErdogan Claims Victory in Turkey Referendum\nShare this video\n0:02:22\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:22\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 6.8MB\n360p | 11.1MB\n720p | 65.7MB\n1080p | 47.6MB\nThe constitutional amendments also end the official neutrality of the president, allowing him to lead a political party. The president will have the power to dissolve parliament and declare a state of emergency, while enjoying enhanced powers to appoint judges to the high court and constitutional court.\nThe referendum has divided the nation, with both supporters and opponents arguing that the future of the country is at stake.\u201cI voted no,\u201d said one man in the Kadikoy district of Istanbul, where voting was brisk earlier Sunday. \u201cThere is no such constitution in the world like the one they present to us. It is not republic, it is not democracy, it is nothing. All the power is united in one person. Let's assume this president is a good person, but what about the next one? Anyone can use this power in a very bad way.\u201d\nPeople react while watching a live broadcast of the Turkish referendum results during an event organised by the Turkish Republican People's Party in Berlin, Germany, Sunday April 16, 2017.\nThe Istanbul Kadikoy district is a traditional stronghold of opponents of Erdogan, who has been in the forefront of campaigning for the change. \u201cI voted for our future. I don't want a one-man regime,\u201d another woman said. \u201cWhether it is functioning well or not, we at least have a separate legislative, judiciary and executive powers. I want this system to continue.\u201d\nBut Erdogan supporters were enthusiastic about the proposed constitutional changes. \u201cI voted yes, yes! For the benefit to my country,\u201d one voter said.\nErdogan insists the reforms will create a fast and efficient system of governance that will allow Turkey to face the challenges of fighting terror and the slowing economy.\nErdogan cast his vote late in the morning amid heavy security, including police snipers on surrounding buildings in Istanbul\u2019s Uskudar district. Speaking to reporters, he said he expected a high turnout in support of the referendum. \"I believe that our people will decide for a faster development and even a leap forward. I believe that my people will walk toward the future by making their decision,\u201d he said.\nKemal Kilicdaroglu, head of the main opposition Republican People\u2019s Party and leader of the No campaign, stressed the importance of the vote in remarks to supporters and TV cameramen. \u201cWe are voting for Turkey\u2019s destiny,\u201d he declared.\nSupporters of the \"Yes\" vote, celebrate in Istanbul, on Sunday, April 16, 2017.\nCritics argue the constitutional reforms would usher in an elected dictatorship.\n\u201cA one-man regime,\u201d is how Kemal K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7daro\u011flu , leader of the main opposition Republican People\u2019s Party, described the proposed changes at a rally Saturday in the capital, Ankara, saying the country was in danger. \u201cWe are putting 80 million [people] on a bus with no brakes,\" he added.\nThe referendum campaign has added to the deep polarization already plaguing Turkey. Concerns have been expressed that division could spill over into violence after the result. Ahead of the vote, both Erdogan and K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7daro\u011flu called on their supporters to respect the result and their opponents.\nThe narrow margin of victory was expected to attract scrutiny to the conduct of the balloting. Turkey has a long tradition of fair voting, but 'no' campaigners had voiced concern that some of their voting observers have been excluded by authorities.\nThe OSCE, which is monitoring the vote, said it was closely following up those concerns. In its interim report last week it expressed concerns over reports of intimidation of the 'no' campaigners and the lack of fair access to the media.\n",
        "caption": "Supporters of the \"Yes\" vote, wave flags during celebrations in Istanbul, on Sunday, April 16, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D62DCCF7-EDC0-4667-A612-00BB4AA9C44F.jpg",
        "id": "11497_1",
        "answer": [
            "the future of the country is at stake",
            "the reforms will create a fast and efficient system of governance that will allow Turkey to face the challenges of fighting terror and the slowing economy",
            "For the benefit to my country"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "supporters",
            "Supporters of the \"Yes\" vote"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_16_3812031",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_16_3812031_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What places did the actions in the image take place?",
        "context": "Spanish Police Arrest 8 Suspected of Ties to Brussels Attacks\nPolice in Spain's northeastern region of Catalonia say they have arrested eight suspected members of a jihadi group with ties to the cells that carried out the 2016 suicide bomb attacks in Brussels' airport and subway.\nA police statement says the operation took place Tuesday with raids in five towns, including the regional capital Barcelona.\nPolice say the arrests followed an eight-month investigation in coordination with Belgian police that linked several of the arrested to jihadist organizations as well as organized crime activity.\nPolice said the suspects were Moroccans residents in Catalonia and aged between 21 and 39.\nSpanish police have arrested some 200 suspected jihadi activists since Spain raised its national security alert to one step below the maximum in 2015.\n",
        "caption": "Spanish police put a suspect into a police car during a sweep at 12 locations against suspected Islamist militants in Barcelona, Spain, April 25, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/BC0E475B-DCC5-403B-A2B5-27641B8B55DD.jpg",
        "id": "4099_1",
        "answer": [
            "Catalonia",
            "five towns, including the regional capital Barcelona."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Barcelona",
            "police"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_25_3824485",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_25_3824485_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What will potentially stop the disease the people in the image have?",
        "context": "Experimental Vaccines Offer Promise in War on Malaria\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nTwo vaccine candidates have been shown to be effective \u2014 in one case, 100 percent effective \u2014 in preventing malaria. \nThe biotech firm Sanaria Inc. of Rockville, Maryland, developed the vaccines. They prime the immune system against the malaria parasite by introducing live but weakened sporozoites \u2014 the earliest spore stage of the parasite \u2014 which infected mosquitoes inject into the body, beginning the cycle of disease.\nBoth vaccines target Plasmodium falciparum, the most common and deadly form of the disease.\nIn the more successful of the two trials, carried out in Germany, varying doses of the live-attenuated vaccine, weakened by a chemotherapy agent, were injected into 27 healthy volunteers, while another group of 15 was given a placebo.\nThe participants were then exposed to P. falciparum parasites between eight and 10 weeks after the last vaccine dose. \nStephen Hoffman, Sanaria's chief executive and scientific officer, said results from nine of the participants who received the highest vaccine dose surprised the researchers.\n\"We got 100 percent protection against malaria at 10 weeks, 2\u00bd weeks after the last dose of the vaccine,\" he said. \"That is really beginning to look like something quite extraordinary and that's never been done before.\"\nThe results of the study were published in the journal Nature.\nReinfection test\nA second trial involving another sporozoite vaccine, weakened by radiation, was carried out in Mali. It tested whether the vaccine prevented reinfection among people who had already been exposed to malaria.\nIn that study, 66 percent of those in the treatment group became reinfected with malaria within six months after they were vaccinated, compared with 93 percent of participants in the placebo group.\nWhile far from ideal, Hoffman called the results a good first step, saying, \"This is the highest level of efficacy against malaria infection ever seen in a vaccine trial in Africa.\"\nThe results of that trial were reported simultaneously in the journal The Lancet Infectious Diseases.\nHoffman thinks Sanaria's vaccines show more promise than others because they use the entire sporozoite to ramp up the immune system. He says other vaccine candidates use only a few P. falciparum proteins \u2014 out of some 5,000 \u2014 to try to get a good immune response against the malaria parasite, which he believes is a less effective strategy.\nHe says more clinical trials of both vaccines are planned throughout Africa, including in Mali, Burkina Faso, Kenya, Equatorial Guinea and Tanzania.\nHoffman hopes Sanaria can develop a product for mass vaccination campaigns that can \"immunize the entire population in a geographically defined area so that one can halt transmission and eliminate the parasite.\"\nMalaria is a leading global killer, especially among children in sub-Saharan Africa. The World Health Organization estimates there are 214 million cases of malaria each year and that the disease causes 438,000 deaths worldwide.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Two children stricken with malaria rest at the local hospital in the small village of Walikale, Congo.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/0C328016-BB83-49B1-8511-4BF3CB096832.jpg",
        "id": "17919_1",
        "answer": [
            "vaccines",
            "None",
            "Two vaccine candidates"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "malaria"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_16_3727982",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_16_3727982_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who believes the government is responsible for the event that hurt the child in the image?",
        "context": "Timeline: A Chemical Attack, a Shift in US Syrian Policy\nThe U.S. attack on a Syrian air base Friday morning came after years of heated debate and deliberation in Washington over intervention in the bloody civil war.\nChemical weapons have killed hundreds of people since the start of the conflict, with the U.N. blaming three attacks on the Syrian government and a fourth on the Islamic State group. \nHere\u2019s a timeline of this week\u2019s events:\nFILE - This April 4, 2017, photo provided by the Syrian anti-government activist group Edlib Media Center shows a man carrying a child following a suspected chemical attack at a makeshift hospital in the town of Khan Sheikhoun, Idlib province, Syria.\nApril 4, 2017\nOne of the worst chemical attacks came Tuesday in rebel-held northern Idlib where dozens were killed in the town of Khan Sheikhoun. Witnesses said the attack was carried out by either Russian or Syrian Sukhoi jets. Moscow and Damascus denied responsibility.\nThat attack prompted President Donald Trump, on day 77 of his presidency, to dramatically shift U.S. policy on Syria. Trump issued a statement saying that the \u201cheinous\u201d actions of Syrian President Bashar Assad\u2019s government are the direct result of Obama administration\u2019s \u201cweakness and irresolution.\u201d \nAfter the attack, hospitals around Khan Sheikhoun were overwhelmed, and paramedics sent victims to medical facilities across rebel-held areas in northern Syria, as well as to Turkey.\nPresident Donald Trump and Jordan's King Abdullah II hold a news conference in the Rose Garden at the White House in Washington, April 5, 2017.\nApril 5, 2017\nTrump says Assad\u2019s government had \u201ccrossed a lot of lines\u201d with the chemical attack in Syria. At a joint Rose Garden news conference alongside Jordanian King Abdullah II, Trump said the attack \"cannot be tolerated.\u201d\nU.S. forces are said to have targeted Shayrat Airfield in western Syria, in retaliation for the chemical weapons attack that American officials believe Syrian government aircraft launched on a rebel-held town with a nerve gas, possibly sarin.\nApril 6, 2017 \nThe U.S. fired a barrage of cruise missiles into Syria Friday morning in retaliation for the chemical weapons attack against civilians. Trump said strike on Syria in the \u201cvital national security interest\u201d of the United States.\nrenderExternalContent(\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/CszXuDNWN2w?&&fs=1\")\nU.S. officials had said they hoped for a vote Thursday night on a U.N. Security Council resolution that would condemn the chemical attack, but the vote did not take place.\nApril 7, 2017\nSyria decried a U.S. missile attack on a government-controlled air base where U.S. officials say the Syrian military launched a deadly chemical attack earlier this week, calling it an \u201caggression\u201d that led to \u201closses.\u201d \nA Syrian opposition group, the Syrian Coalition, welcomed the U.S. attack, saying it puts an end to an age of \u201cimpunity\u201d and should be just the beginning. \nMajor Jamil al-Saleh, a U.S-backed rebel commander whose Hama district in the country\u2019s center was struck by a suspected chemical weapons attack, said he hoped the U.S. attack on a government air base would be a \u201cturning point\u201d in the six-year war.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - This April 4, 2017, photo provided by the Syrian anti-government activist group Edlib Media Center shows a man carrying a child following a suspected chemical attack at a makeshift hospital in the town of Khan Sheikhoun, Idlib province, Syria.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D499B75F-0FE4-499C-B044-CADEAF8EEBEB.jpg",
        "id": "28217_2",
        "answer": [
            "the U.N."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "chemical attack"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_07_3800274",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_07_3800274_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who follows the person with the turban in the image?",
        "context": "Mourners Pay Respects to Former Iranian Leader Rafsanjani\nTEHRAN \u2014\u00a0\nMourners from all walks of life in Iran \u2014 from the country's president to passers-by on the street \u2014 paid their respects on Monday to the late Iranian leader Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani following his death over the weekend at the age of 82.\nPresident Hassan Rouhani and his administration visited the mosque in northern Tehran where Rafsanjani's body was brought. Mourners, including Rafsanjani's family members, wept at the sight of his coffin, reaching out to touch it.\nNewspapers in Iran published front-page photographs of Rafsanjani, who died Sunday after suffering a heart attack, while state television aired archival clips of his comments and speeches. The country is observing three days of mourning, and Rafsanjani's funeral is set for Tuesday.\nAt the start of a parliament session Monday, parliament speaker Ali Larijani paid tribute to the late leader, describing Rafsanjani as \"a man for hard days whose name has been always been tied to the revolution and it will always be so.''\nHowever, political analysts believe Rafsanjani's absence will put Rouhani under more pressures by hard-liners. Tehran-based analyst Hamid Reza Shokouhi said Rouhani and reformists in general have lost a powerful supporter in the next presidential election.\n\"Now, with about six months to the next presidential election, there are so many pressures on Rouhani's administration,'' Shokouhi said. \"Rafsanjani could manage it, if he were still alive.\"\nA Tehran-based diplomatic analyst, Hassan Hanizadeh, told The Associated Press that Rafsanjani left a big vacuum in the Iranian field of diplomacy. During visits to Tehran, many foreign envoys met with Rafsanjani to discuss regional and internationals issues.\n\"Over the past 37 years, Rafsanjani always tried to pave the way for better ties with regional countries and the West,'' said Hanizadeh, adding that he hopes ``moderate figures will continue his policies.\"\nForeign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif also told Iranian media that \"Rafsanjani's viewpoints were always road-paving for us in the foreign policy field.\"\nTehran residents also expressed their grief at the loss of Rafsanjani.\n\"I don't know who is going to fill his place. He kept Iran safe from hard-liners for so long,\" said Maziar Rezaei, a real estate agent.\nZahra Qorbani, a tailor, said she was worried about her children's future. She described the late leader as a \"man who always tried to fix Iran's relations with neighbors and the world.\"\nThe life of Rafsanjani, known as a political survivor, spanned the trials of Iran's modern history, from serving as a close aide to Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini during the 1979 Islamic Revolution to acting as a go-between in the Iran-Contra deal. He helped found Iran's contested nuclear program, but later backed the accord with world powers to limit it in exchange for sanctions relief.\nRafsanjani served as president from 1989 to 1997, during a period of significant changes in Iran. At the time, the country was struggling to rebuild its economy after a devastating 1980s war with Iraq, while also cautiously allowing some wider freedoms, as seen in Iran's highly regarded film and media industry.\nHis image, however, also had darker undertones. He was named by prosecutors in Argentina among Iranian officials suspected of links to a 1994 bombing of a Jewish center in Buenos Aires that killed 85 people. Some Iranian reformers accused him of involvement in the slaying of liberals and dissidents during his presidency \u2014 charges that he denied and that were never pursued by Iranian authorities.\n",
        "caption": "Iranian President Hassan Rouhani, right, greets Mohsen Hashemi, left, son of former President Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani, who died on Sunday after suffering a heart attack, in a mourning ceremony at the Jamaran mosque in northern Tehran, Jan. 9, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F5B368CC-69E6-4DAB-BABA-78296118F10A.jpg",
        "id": "9240_1",
        "answer": [
            "reformists"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Rouhani",
            "Hassan Rouhani"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_09_3668571",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_09_3668571_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What could the place in the image receive?",
        "context": "UN: Lifesaving Programs for Syrian Children at Risk\nGENEVA \u2014\u00a0\nThe U.N. children\u2019s fund warns it may be forced to cut some lifesaving programs for millions of children inside Syria and in neighboring countries because it has run out of money. \nUNICEF says it has received 25 percent of its $1.4 billion appeal for emergency operations this year.\nThat is the fund\u2019s the most severe funding gap since the agency began responding to the Syria crisis more than six years ago. It says it urgently needs to receive $220 million or it will be forced to cut vital aid programs for nearly 6 million children inside Syria and for more than 2.5 million Syrian refugee children living in neighboring countries.\nSpeaking from Amman, Jordan, UNICEF Emergency Coordinator for Syria Response Genevieve Boutin says this will have grave consequences for Syrian children and for host communities in countries of asylum.\n\u201cSo, what we are talking about here is literally the future of this subregion, especially when we know that one-third of those affected by the crisis are between the ages of 10 and 24,\u201d she said. \u201cWe have known all along the importance of investing in these children to protect their future and the future of all these countries.\u201d\nBoutin says the investment is at risk of being lost. She says unless UNICEF receives the funding it needs immediately, vital programs for the well-being of these children will have to be scaled down or cut.\n\u201cThe programs that this includes are, for example, water and sanitation programs for 1.2 million children living in camps, informal settlements and host communities,\u201d she said. \u201cBasic health care and nutrition services for 5.4 million people. Cash assistance for one-half-million families who use this money to keep their kids out of work and in school, and access to education for 2.8 million children.\u201d\nIf the international community fails to support Syria\u2019s children, UNICEF warns millions of innocent victims of war will be forced to resort to extreme and dangerous measures just to survive; measures such as child labor, recruitment into the fighting and early marriage.\n",
        "caption": "U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Nikki Haley, speaks with Syrian refugee children, during a visit to the Zaatari Refugee Camp, Jordan, May 21, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/7626781E-3F05-4593-AC18-707DB440479E.jpg",
        "id": "24059_1",
        "answer": [
            "water and sanitation programs for 1.2 million children"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "camps"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_16_3904373",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_16_3904373_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What caused the meeting of the people from the image?",
        "context": "Erdogan Calls for Qatar Row to be Resolved by End of Ramadan\nANKARA \u2014\u00a0\nTurkish President Tayyip Erdogan told Bahrain's Foreign Minister that the dispute between Qatar and other Arab states should be resolved by the end of the holy month of Ramadan, Turkish Foreign Minister Mevlut Cavusoglu said on Saturday.\nIn a joint news conference with Bahrain's Foreign Minister Shaikh Khalid bin Ahmed bin Mohammed al-Khalifa, Cavusoglu said Turkey would continue its efforts to resolve the dispute, as Qatar faces isolation imposed by fellow Arab states over its alleged support for terrorism.\nCavusoglu also said Turkey's military base in Qatar, to which Erdogan approved legislation on deploying Turkish troops, was aimed at contributing to the security of the entire Gulf region and was not aimed at a specific Gulf state.\nSaudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Bahrain and Egypt severed relations with Qatar on Monday, accusing it of supporting Islamist militants and their arch-adversary Iran \u2014 allegations Qatar says are baseless. Several countries followed suit, while Erdogan vowed to keep supporting Qatar and rejected accusations that it supported terrorism.\n",
        "caption": "Turkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, right, shakes hands with Bahrain's Foreign Minister Sheik Khalid bin Ahmed Al Khalifa prior to their meeting in Istanbul, June 10, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/58353C1B-7953-4890-B3A3-7178ABF03C17.jpg",
        "id": "7030_1",
        "answer": [
            "the dispute between Qatar and other Arab states"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Tayyip Erdogan",
            "Turkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, right, shakes hands with Bahrain's Foreign Minister Sheik Khalid bin Ahmed Al Khalifa"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_10_3895068",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_10_3895068_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person with the pink tie in the image do?",
        "context": "Trump Defends Son: 'Most People Would Have Taken That Meeting'\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. President Donald Trump is defending his eldest son's meeting with a Russian lawyer last year in which he thought he would be given incriminating information about Democrat Hillary Clinton, Trump's challenger in the 2016 election.\n\"I think from a practical standpoint, most people would have taken that meeting,\" Trump said Thursday of Donald Trump Jr.'s decision to talk with the lawyer after being told by an intermediary that she was a Russian government attorney and would offer him material as part of Moscow's election support of Trump.\n\"It's called opposition research, or even research into your opponent. That's very standard in politics; politics is not the nicest business in the world, but it's very standard where they have information and you take the information,\" Trump said as he stood alongside French President Emmanuel Macron at a Paris news conference.\nTrump, who is facing months of investigations in the U.S. about his aides' contacts with Russians during his run to the White House, said, \"Nothing happened from the meeting, zero happened from the meeting, and honestly I think the press made a very big deal over something that really a lot of people will do.\nFILE - Donald Trump Jr., left, is interviewed by host Sean Hannity on his Fox News Channel television program, in New York, July 11, 2017.\n\"As far as my son is concerned, my son is a wonderful young man,\" Trump said. \"He took a meeting with a Russian lawyer, not a government lawyer, but a Russian lawyer. It was a short meeting, it was a meeting that went very, very quickly; very fast.\"\nTrump was asked whether he agreed with Christopher Wray, his nominee to head the Federal Bureau of Investigation, that his son should have called FBI investigators when offered the meeting because it was supposedly coming from a foreign adversary, Russia. Trump deflected the question and simply praised his appointment of Wray.\nIn Washington, Senator Charles Grassley, a key lawmaker investigating Russia's meddling in the election, sent a letter to the younger Trump asking him to testify about his June 2016 meeting at Trump Tower in New York with the Russian lawyer, Natalia Veselnitskaya. Donald Trump Jr. has said he is willing to testify voluntarily, but Grassley said he would be subpoenaed if need be.\nFILE - Kremlin-linked lawyer Natalia Veselnitskaya speaks to journalists in Moscow, Russia, July 11, 2017.\nGrassley, chairman of the Senate Judiciary Committee, said no questions would be off limits as the panel investigates what the U.S. intelligence community has concluded was Moscow's election interference personally directed by Russian President Vladimir Putin.\nDemocratic Senator Chris Coons said, \"I look forward to asking Donald Trump Jr. what the heck he was thinking in embracing a meeting with someone who said they were representing one of our foremost adversaries in the world?\"\nGrassley's committee is one of several congressional panels investigating the Trump campaign's links with Russia, while Special Counsel Robert Mueller, a former FBI director, is heading a criminal probe into the election interference and whether the president obstructed justice by firing another FBI director, James Comey, while he was heading the Russia probe before Mueller took over.\nThe leader of the Republican majority in the House of Representatives, Speaker Paul Ryan, urged the younger Trump to honor Grassley's request that he testify.\n\"I think any witness who's been asked to testify in Congress should do that,\" Ryan said.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Donald Trump Jr., left, is interviewed by host Sean Hannity on his Fox News Channel television program, in New York, July 11, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/7D73CFD8-035A-4EEE-8A20-F26A29C9948D.jpg",
        "id": "19340_2",
        "answer": [
            "talk with the lawyer after being told by an intermediary that she was a Russian government attorney and would offer him material as part of Moscow's election support of Trump",
            "meeting at Trump Tower",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Donald Trump Jr.",
            "Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_13_3943227",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_13_3943227_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is causing the individuals on the image to take action against the protesters?",
        "context": "Ethiopia\u2019s Civil Society Getting Squeezed\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nFrom an internet shutdown to convictions of journalists and opposition members, Ethiopia\u2019s civil society has felt like it's under attack in recent weeks.\nOn May 24, Getachew Shiferaw, editor of the news website Negere Ethiopia, was convicted of \u201cinciting violence\u201d because of a private Facebook conversation. The Ethiopian Federal Court initially charged Shiferaw under the country's anti-terrorism law, but later charged him under the criminal code and sentenced him to time served since his arrest in 2015.\nOn May 25, a court sentenced Ethiopian opposition spokesman Yonatan Tesfaye to six-and-a-half years in prison on charges that he encouraged terrorism with comments on Facebook. Yeshiwas Assefa, newly elected president of the Semayawi (Blue) Party, called the verdict \"disappointing and embarrassing.\"\n\"Yonatan is sentenced to six years and six months just because of what he wrote on Facebook as something that encourages terrorism. He was expressing his thoughts freely. This is what we fear would bring people to protest in our country,\" he told VOA. \nThe following day, May 26, two men, Tufa Melka and Kedir Bedasso, were charged with terrorism for their role in a stampede that occurred in October 2016 at a cultural festival in the Oromia region. The men are accused of yelling things into the microphone that led to chaos and the death of 55 people.\nGemeda Wariyo, a protester who grabbed the microphone and admitted to chanting \u201cdown, down Woyane\u201d is in exile now and wasn\u2019t mentioned in the court documents. \u201cWoyane\u201d is a colloquial term used to describe the ruling party in Ethiopia. \n\u201cI took the microphone in a peaceful protest,\u201d he told VOA Amharic. \u201cI was the one who protested and I don\u2019t know the men blamed for grabbing the microphone.\u201d\nFILE - Ethiopian men read newspapers and drink coffee at a cafe in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Oct. 10, 2016. The Ethiopian government temporarily cut off internet access nationwide in early June, saying it was necessary to prevent students from cheating on final exams.\nAnd in early June, the government cut off internet access nationwide, stating that the measure was needed to prevent high school students from cheating on final exams by sharing answers on social media.\nIn a press conference, Communications Minister Negeri Lencho denied the move was to control free communication.\n\"The only reason is to help our students to concentrate on the exams because we know we are fighting poverty,\u201d he said.\nAs of June 8, internet access including social media sites was restored, according to published reports.\n\u2018Under assault\u2019\nIn a new report, the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, an international think tank, concluded that the targeting of civil society and restrictions on free speech fit a pattern in Ethiopia. Over the past two decades the space for political opposition has been steadily constricted and civil liberties taken away, the report said.\nTwo laws in particular, the Charities and Societies Proclamation and the Anti-terrorism Proclamation, both passed in 2009, have given the government wide latitude to imprison opposition members and journalists and shut down groups advocating for human rights, Carnegie found.\nSaskia Brechenmacher, an associate fellow at the Carnegie Endowment who worked on the report, said anti-terrorism laws have been used across Africa to stifle dissent.\n\u201cThose laws have become very effective tools, especially in moments of crisis as we are seeing right now,\u201d she said. \u201cAhead of elections or during moments of sustained protests, [they are used] to target selectively, particularly activists and journalists that are seen as particularly threatening.\"\nFILE - Security personnel take action against protesters in Bishoftu town in Ethiopia's Oromia region, Oct. 2, 2016. Critics say that ahead of elections or during moments of sustained protests the Ethiopian government has been known to resort to a self-serving interpretation of the country's anti-terrorism laws to stifle dissent, selectively targeting activists and journalists.\nBrechenmacher said Ethiopia also cracks down on civil society groups through a provision in the charities law, which prevents organizations from receiving more than 10 percent of their funding from abroad.\n\u201cMany organizations had to switch their mandate and activities and turn more toward developmental and civil liberties because they couldn\u2019t carry out the kind of work they had been doing before,\" she said.\nBrechenmacher said these restrictions represent an abrupt reversal for a country that was becoming more open prior to the crackdowns that followed the 2005 elections.\n\u201cEthiopia showcases what a dramatic effect this could have on independent civil society and the amount of information that is available in a country,\" she said. \"And also it really testifies the extent to which this does not really address the grievances that citizens have vis-a-vis the government and therefore those grievances will find another outlet.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Security personnel take action against protesters in Bishoftu town in Ethiopia's Oromia region, Oct. 2, 2016. Critics say that ahead of elections or during moments of sustained protests the Ethiopian government has been known to resort to a self-serving interpretation of the country's anti-terrorism laws to stifle dissent, selectively targeting activists and journalists.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B08D3D0E-2219-4AAD-A101-651433A5A1F4.jpg",
        "id": "3514_3",
        "answer": [
            "the Charities and Societies Proclamation and the Anti-terrorism Proclamation"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Ethiopian government"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_13_3898662",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_13_3898662_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What are the people in the image allegedly doing?",
        "context": "Islamic State Calls on Supporters to Target Religious Scholars\nLONDON \u2014\u00a0\nIslamic State propagandists have launched a coordinated online campaign accusing prominent Muslim clerics in the Arab world and the West of betrayal in an apparent bid to delegitimize them, especially in the eyes of younger Muslims.\nThe terror group says the clerics are collaborating with Arab regimes and the international coalition opposed to IS and are urging supporters as a top priority to kill \u201cthe evil scholars.\u201d\nSome analysts suspect the terror group is casting around looking for traitors to explain the collapse of IS\u2019s battlefield fortunes and to shape perceptions about the reasons for the fall of the terror group\u2019s self-styled caliphate.\nOthers see the new campaign as linked more immediately to the propaganda struggle being waged between IS and the Iraqi government over the unfolding battle for Mosul in which both sides are questioning the religious and historical legitimacy of the other.\n\u2018Imams of unbelief\u2019\nThe campaign, titled \"Fight the Imams of Unbelief\u201d targets prominent clerics by name, including Salafi theologians such as firebrand Egyptian cleric Yousuf al-Qaradawi and Saudi Arabia\u2019s 'Abd Al-'Aziz Aal Al-Sheikh.\nSeveral of the scholars and clerics named are associated either with the Muslim Brotherhood, which the Trump administration is considering designating a terrorist organization, or are apologists for the Islamic State\u2019s jihadist rival al-Qaida. \nThe clerics listed have long criticized IS and took issue with Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi when the terror group\u2019s leader announced in July 2014 from the pulpit of the Grand Mosque of Mosul a caliphate straddling Iraq and Syria and instructed all Muslims to obey him.\nFILE - An imam prays at a mosque in Chino, California, Nov. 18, 2016. Targeting clerics opposed to the Islamic State in a new propaganda campaign, the jihadist group is thought to have launched an effort aimed at deligitimizing them, especially in the eyes of young Muslims.\nThe caliphate declaration was seen by an older generation of jihadist and Islamist scholars as subversive and not in line with their interpretations of Sharia Law. Qatar-based Yousuf al-Qaradawi warned al-Baghdadi\u2019s ambitions would have dangerous consequences for Sunnis in Iraq and Syria and dismissed the caliphate announcement when it was made as \u201cvoid under Sharia.\u201d\nIS-affiliated online channels circulated a banner on February 9 announcing the start of the campaign, according to the Middle East Media Research Institute, a Washington-based research organization that monitors jihadist online activity. Popular preachers on Arab satellite channels such as Muhammad Al-\u2018Arifi also are targeted, as well as prominent clerics in the West, including Australian sheikh Shady Al-Suleiman and U.S.-based cleric Omar Suleiman. \n\u2018Clerics of evil\u2019\nAs part of the campaign, IS issued two official videos attacking the \"clerics of evil.\u201d In addition, IS supporters and pro-IS media outlets have circulated articles and posters. An IS-affiliated media outlet posted a hit list of 35 clerics.\nThe videos contrast \u201csupposedly corrupt and worldly, older, wealthier establishment clerics with IS's own young, pure and sincere 'fighting\u2019 imams,\u201d says Alberto Fernandez, a former U.S. ambassador, now with MEMRI. The IS videos, which show children killed allegedly in coalition airstrikes preceded by images of smiling or laughing \"establishment\" clerics, appear to be \u201cportraying an ideological struggle in generational and even class terms,\u201d says Fernandez.\nThe videos titled \"Agents, Not Clerics\" and \"Fight Ye the Imams of Unbelief\", were produced by the terror group\u2019s branch in Nineveh province in northern Iraq and the IS branch in Al-Khair province in Syria respectively.\nReligious legitimacy has been at the core of an intense propaganda struggle between the Iraqi government and IS, according to Pete Knoetgen. \nIn a study in the Journal of Middle Eastern Politics and Policy published by Harvard University\u2019s John F. Kennedy School of Government, Knoetgen argues the Iraqi government has been highlighting in its propaganda output the terror group\u2019s illegitimacy. Among other things the Iraqis have been \u201cpublicizing IS\u2019s deviations from its supposedly pious beliefs, typified in a recent Counter Terrorism Service Twitter post that displayed liquor bottles found following a raid on an IS position in Mosul.\u201d\nHe adds, \u201cFor its part, IS uses terms that attack the religious credentials of the government, often in sectarian fashion.\u201d IS propagandists dismiss Iraqi forces as \u201crafidee\u201d (rejectionist), a term used for Shi\u2019ite Muslims by Sunnis in reference to their rejection of the three caliphs who succeeded Mohammad.\nAnalysts have highlighted a recent sharp decline in the volume and coherence of IS propaganda. \nThe group has shifted the themes of its propaganda output from playing up the \"civic order and virtues\" of the caliphate to material based more on battlefield reality. While some shifts can be explained as a preemptive framing of defeat in Mosul; others may be reflective of a breaking down in terms of the terror group\u2019s hierarchy and cohesion or an exploratory rebranding, say analysts.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Muslim clerics are seen gathered at a mosque in central Cairo, Egypt, Feb. 3, 2015. Muslim clerics and scholars not in line with Islamic State postulates have been the latest target of IS propaganda videos.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/96DD33E2-3508-4CF2-B02C-695E1DBB86A1.jpg",
        "id": "11450_1",
        "answer": [
            "collaborating with Arab regimes",
            "collaborating with Arab regimes and the international coalition opposed to IS",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Muslim clerics",
            "clerics"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_16_3727394",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_16_3727394_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What unfortunate event occurred at the facility in the image?",
        "context": "Afghan 'Insider Attack' Wounds 7 US Soldiers\nA member of the Afghan Special Forces turned his weapons Saturday on U.S. military personnel during a training exercise in northern Afghanistan, killing a local partner and injuring seven Americans.\nNATO's Resolute Support Mission said an Afghan soldier also was among the wounded.\nThe \"insider attack\" occurred at an Afghan National Army regional base, Camp Shaheen, in Mazar-i-Sharif. A U.S. soldier reportedly engaged and gunned down the assailant before wounded Americans were evacuated for treatment.\nThe Taliban did not claim any association with the attacker but did praise him, saying he would be remembered \"as a hero.\"\nIn a similar attack June 10 in eastern Nangarhar province, an Afghan commando opened fire on U.S. soldiers, killing three of them before he was gunned down by retaliatory fire.\nThe Taliban took credit for that attack, claiming the assailant was one of its fighters who had infiltrated Afghan army ranks.\nThe military base where Saturday's shooting took place was the scene of a coordinated Taliban gun-and-bomb raid in April that killed more than 150 soldiers and wounded many more, the deadliest assault on Afghan forces since 2001.\nHelmand province\nA senior international diplomat in Afghanistan said authorities are looking into the possibility that the June 10 killings in Nangarhar might be related to the earlier deaths of two Afghan policemen in what the U.S. called a 'friendly fire incident\" in Helmand province. The U.S. has apologized for that incident.\nHelmand is Afghanistan\u2019s largest province, and most of it is under the control or influence of the Taliban.\nA group of roughly 300 U.S. Marines arrived in Helmand in April to support struggling Afghan forces in their battle against the Taliban.\nThe insurgents have extended their control over swaths of Afghanistan and killed scores of Afghan security forces members since launching their so-called yearly spring offensive in late April.\nThe wartorn nation -- and its capital city, Kabul, in particular -- has also been hit in recent weeks by suicide bombings that have caused unprecedented civilian casualties.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - An Afghan soldier digs up a mine during a drill at Camp Shaheen, a training facility for the Afghan National Army, located west of Mazar-i-Sharif, Afghanistan, Dec. 13, 2014.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/8C3B2ACD-9BCA-4701-98A4-DC940BE5098C.jpg",
        "id": "28588_1",
        "answer": [
            "\"insider attack\" "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Camp Shaheen"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_17_3904574",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_17_3904574_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who thinks it would be inappropriate for the man in the image to conduct investigations?",
        "context": "Pressure Grows for Deputy Attorney General to Appoint Special Counsel for Russia Probes \nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nFormer colleagues of Deputy U.S. Attorney General Rod Rosenstein said Wednesday he should recuse himself from investigations into Russian meddling in U.S. elections and instead appoint a special prosecutor after President Donald Trump abrupt firing of FBI Director James Comey on Tuesday.\n\u201cCan he do an impartial job of the investigation? Perhaps. But the credibility is now lost and I don\u2019t think the Department of Justice can conduct this investigation without hiring outside counsel,\u201d said Doug Gansler, a former Maryland Attorney General who supported Rosenstein\u2019s selection to the No. 2 post at Justice.\nRory Little, a former associate deputy attorney general who has known Rosenstein since the 1990s and also backed his nomination, said it is \u201centirely likely\u201d Rosenstein will appoint a special prosecutor.\n\u201cIf he appoints, he takes the heat off of himself and off of the Department of Justice,\u201d Little said.\nRosenstein, who started on the job just two weeks ago, wrote a memo harshly critical of Comey that President Donald Trump and aides cited as justification for dismissing the FBI director.\nThe move ignited a political furor, with Democrats and other Trump critics suggesting that it was designed to impede the FBI\u2019s investigation and questions about whether Trump\u2019s campaign colluded with the Russians.\nTrump has derided the notion as \u201cfake news.\u201d\nFILE - U.S. Attorney General Jeff Sessions prepares to speak before a meeting at the Department of Justice in Washington, April 18, 2017.\nSpecial prosecutor\nAttorney General Jeff Sessions has already recused himself from involvement in the Russia probe after failing to disclose, during his Senate confirmation hearing, meetings with Sergei Kislyak, Russia's ambassador to Washington.\nRosenstein has the authority to name a special prosecutor if he chooses. During his own confirmation hearing in March, Rosenstein said would be willing to do so \u201cwhenever I determine it is appropriate.\u201d\nThe White House opposes the idea. But Little said, \u201cI know Rod Rosenstein well enough to know that if he thinks it\u2019s the right thing to do and the president says, \u2018If you do that, I\u2019ll fire you,\u2019 he\u2019ll resign.\u201d\nLittle and others have praised Rosenstein, a 52-year-old career prosecutor, for impartiality and independence. But his memo faulting Comey\u2019s oversight of the FBI investigation into Hillary Clinton\u2019s emails has raised new questions about partisanship.\nIn the three-page memo, Rosenstein said Comey was wrong to \u201cusurp\u201d the attorney general\u2019s authority when he announced last July that Clinton would not face criminal charges over her use of a private email server and later held a press conference about his findings.\nWhile Rosenstein carefully avoided calling for Comey\u2019s dismissal, Trump said in a statement on Tuesday that he dismissed Comey \u201con the clear recommendations\u201d of both Rosenstein and Sessions.\nDeputy White House press secretary Sarah Huckabee Sanders speaks during the daily briefing at the White House in Washington, May 10, 2017.\nImpartiality\nSarah Huckabee Sanders, White House deputy press secretary, said Wednesday that Rosenstein and Sessions had raised concerns about Comey during a meeting with Trump on Monday and that Trump asked them to put their recommendations in writing.\nThe Washington Post reported that Trump directed Sessions and Rosenstein to make the case against Comey, and that Rosenstein later threatened to resign after the White House cast the president's dismissal of Comey largely on Rosenstein's recommendation. \nLittle said that while he did not think the memo compromised Rosenstein\u2019s ability to conduct an independent investigation, it made political sense for him to recuse himself.\n\u201cI don\u2019t know if Rosenstein will appoint a special counsel or not, but if he does, it\u2019s actually a healthy move for the Department of Justice, because it takes the focus off the Department of Justice and puts it on the special counsel,\u201d Little said.\nJohn Hudak, an expert with the Brookings Institute in Washington, said any indication that Rosenstein wrote the memo to furnish Trump with a reason to fire Comey calls into question Rosenstein\u2019s impartiality.\nThe allegations about Comey\u2019s handling of the Clinton email server investigation were long known, raising questions about the timing of the FBI director\u2019s dismissal. While Trump questioned Comey's July announcement not to bring charges against Clinton, he later praised the former FBI director for briefly reopening his investigation just days before the November 8 election.\n\u201cThe president of the United States could have dismissed Director Comey on Jan. 20 as part of a normal transition,\u201d Hudak said. \u201cInstead, he waited until the (FBI) investigation into his campaign heated up.\u201d\nFBI Director James Comey testifies on Capitol Hill in Washington, May 3, 2017, before the Senate Judiciary Committee hearing: \"Oversight of the Federal Bureau of Investigation.\"\nCNN reported on Monday that federal prosecutors have subpoenaed associates of former Trump National Security Adviser Michael Flynn as part of its Russia investigation.\nThe New York Times and The Washington Post each reported Tuesday that, shortly after Rosenstein was sworn in as the deputy attorney general, Comey had asked the Department of Justice for more resources for the Russia investigation. \nThe Department of Justice did not respond to a request for comment. \nGansler said it appears that the moment Trump \u201cfound out that Comey had escalated the investigation was the moment that he fired the very man investigating him.\u201d\nBut Huckabee told reporters at the White House briefing that Trump had been contemplating firing Comey ever since the Nov. 8 election. \u201cHe wanted to give Director Comey a chance,\u201d Huckabee said.\nLittle said that Comey\u2019s firing may have slowed down the Russia investigation, but it\u2019s unlikely to stop it.\n\u201cWhen Richard Nixon fired people who were getting close to Watergate, it simply intensified the focus on that investigation,\u201d Little said. \u201cI think that\u2019s what you\u2019re going to see here.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Rod Rosenstein testifies at his confirmation hearing before the Senate Judiciary Committee on Capitol Hill in Washington, March 7, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/0B9AA842-993F-4E2B-9C1B-63BF6C903464.jpg",
        "id": "28600_1",
        "answer": [
            "Former colleagues "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Rod Rosenstein "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_11_3847259",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_11_3847259_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What group leader is responsible for more events like the one that caused the event in the image?",
        "context": "Regional Task Force Battles Boko Haram\nN'DJAMENA, CHAD \u2014\u00a0\nIn Boko Haram-affected areas in Niger, Cameroon, Chad and Nigeria, a force of more than 10,000 African troops is working to degrade and destroy the terrorist group.\nBoko Haram is responsible for the deaths of more than 20,000 people since its fighters began their insurgency in 2009 in northeastern Nigeria. Their atrocities have caused the displacement of 2.3 million people across these four countries, known as the Lake Chad Basin, where more than 20 million people are under threat.\nIn 2015, the African Union authorized the Multinational Joint Task Force \u2013 or MNJTF as it is known \u2013 to tackle Boko Haram in its strongholds of northeastern Nigeria and northern Cameroon.\nThe force has slowly been reversing the terrorists gains, retaking territory Boko Haram had seized for its goal of establishing a self-described caliphate in West Africa, and pushing back its fighters to seek cover in the forests and among the hundreds of islands in Lake Chad.\nBut that progress has come at a price for many civilians. \nIn July 2015, Chad\u2019s army evacuated the lake villages in order to conduct military offensives against Boko Haram, upending the lives of many fishermen and farmers. With their livelihoods gone and forced from their homes, more than 100,000 people had to find assistance at displacement camps in the country\u2019s north. \nIn the past year, the MNJTF says it has killed 828 Boko Haram fighters and arrested 615 more. More than a thousand combatants have surrendered to the task force, which has freed more than 20,500 hostages in the region since January 2016 and destroyed at least 32 terrorist camps. \n\u201cThe enemy is now on the back-foot and being held on the back-foot,\u201d Cameroon\u2019s Defense Minister Joseph Beti Assomo recently told a visiting U.N. Security Council delegation. After Nigeria, Cameroon is the second most-affected country in the region by Boko Haram.\nAssomo said Boko Haram has turned to asymmetric tactics, such as suicide bombings and improvised explosive devices.\n\u201cBefore they used to attack our military posts with 400 men, no more,\u201d he said. \nMandate\nThe force is tasked with restoring security in Boko Haram-affected areas, helping reestablish the state\u2019s authority in liberated areas, and assisting with the return of the internally displaced and refugees. The troops also help to facilitate humanitarian aid deliveries.\nGovernment officials in the region and military commanders say part of their success against Boko Haram has to do with the group\u2019s internal divisions.\nLast August, the group split, one faction following Abubakar Shekau and the other following Abu Musab al-Barnawi, the son of Boko Haram\u2019s founder and a loyalist of the so-called Islamic State. Shekau\u2019s group has shifted tactics from military combat to stepped up attacks with suicide bombers (often women and children) and improvised explosive devices. \nIn terms of size, the force commander of the MNJTF, Nigerian Major General Lo Adeosun, told the visiting U.N. delegation that Boko Haram operates in \u201cmany layers.\u201d Of the al-Barnawi faction he estimated there are perhaps 3,000 formal fighters, but said other combatants materialize for operations only, making it difficult to give an exact figure. \nHe added the majority of the weapons the task force has seized from the terrorists are from military posts Boko Haram has previously attacked. \nElsewhere in the region, leaders complained that conflicts in Libya and Mali are fueling Boko Haram with arms and fighters who penetrate porous borders. \n\u201cIt is having a destabilizing effect on all the Sahel,\u201d Niger\u2019s president Mahamadou Issoufou said of the insecurity in the two neighboring nations. \nGaps\n\u201cThe multinational task force needs financial, material and legal support,\u201d Chad\u2019s Prime Minister Albert Pahimi Padack\u00e9 said. \nAt MNJTF headquarters, there was a call for more night fighting capabilities, flat-bottomed patrol boats, and helicopters to help evacuate wounded. \nThe task force receives backing from the United States, Britain and France, who mainly provide intelligence and training support through a small coordination and liaison team on the ground in N\u2019Djamena. \nDistorting Islam\nIn each of the Lake Chad Basin countries, top officials made clear they do not consider Boko Haram to be an Islamic extremist group. \u201cThey are not jihadists, but terrorists and bandits,\u201d Cameroon\u2019s defense minister stressed.\n\u201cIdeology is one of its weapons,\u201d General Adeosun said of Boko Haram\u2019s manipulation of Islam. He said the group exploits the uneducated with distortions and lies to recruit them. \nWhile the task force looks for a military solution to the problem of Boko Haram, governments are seeking to address the root causes that have made their people susceptible to recruitment.\n\u201cOnce we create jobs, once we engage with the youth, this madness will evaporate,\u201d said Kashim Shettima, governor of Nigeria\u2019s northeastern Borno state.\n",
        "caption": "Burnout petrol tankers following a suicide attack in Maiduguri, Nigeria, March 3, 2017. Three suicide bombers set ablaze three fuel tankers in the center of Nigeria's northeastern city of Maiduguri before dawn, officials said,",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/FDFDCC7B-242E-4A56-8A10-8307CCC3AD9D.jpg",
        "id": "33449_1",
        "answer": [
            "Shekau"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "suicide attacks"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_14_3765775",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_14_3765775_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What caused the damage where the person in the image is?",
        "context": "US-Russian Cease-fire Deal Holding in Southwest Syria\nBEIRUT, LEBANON \u2014\u00a0\nA U.S.-Russian brokered cease-fire for southwest Syria was holding hours after it took effect on Sunday, a monitor and two rebel officials said, in the latest international attempt at peace-making in the six-year war.\nThe United States, Russia and Jordan reached a cease-fire and \"de-escalation agreement\" this week with the aim of paving the way for a broader, more robust truce.\nThe announcement came after a meeting between U.S. President Donald Trump and Russian President Vladimir Putin at the G-20 summit of major economies in Germany.\nThe Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, a Britain-based war monitoring group, said \"calm was prevailing\" with no air strikes or clashes in the southwest since the truce began at noon (0900 GMT) on Sunday.\n\"The situation is relatively calm,\" said Suhaib al-Ruhail, a spokesman for the Alwiyat al-Furqan rebel group in the Quneitra area.\nAnother rebel official, in Deraa city, said there had been no significant fighting. It was quiet on the main Manshiya front near the border with Jordan, which he said had been the site of some of the heaviest army bombing in recent weeks.\nA Syrian official indicated that Damascus approved of the cease-fire deal, describing the government's silence over it as a \"sign of satisfaction.\"\n\"We welcome any step that would cease the fire and pave the way for peaceful solutions,\" the government official told Reuters.\nA witness in Deraa said he had not seen warplanes in the sky or heard any fighting since noon.\nA girl walks on debris in a rebel-held part of the southern city of Deraa, Syria, July 9, 2017.\nCrumbled\nHowever, several cease-fires have crumbled since the onset of the conflict.\nWith the help of Russian air power and Iranian-backed militias, Syrian President Bashar al-Assad's government has put rebels on the back foot over the last year. The wide array of mostly Sunni rebels include jihadist factions and other groups supported by Turkey, the United States and Gulf monarchies.\nEarlier talks between the United States and Russia about a \"de-escalation zone\" in southwest Syria covered Deraa province on the border with Jordan, nearby Sweida and Quneitra which borders the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights.\n\"We negotiated a ceasefire in parts of Syria which will save lives,\" Trump said on Twitter on Sunday. \"Now it is time to move forward in working constructively with Russia!\"\nThe deal marks the first peace-making effort in the Syrian war by the U.S. government under Trump, appearing to give him a diplomatic achievement at his first meeting with Putin.\nA senior State Department official involved in the talks said further discussions would be necessary to decide crucial aspects of the agreement, including who will monitor its enforcement.\nRussian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov said the deal includes \"securing humanitarian access and setting up contacts between the opposition in the region and a monitoring center that is being established in Jordan's capital.\"\nThe U.N. Deputy Special Envoy for Syria said on Saturday the deal was a \"positive development\" ahead of the latest round of U.N.-sponsored peace talks to begin in Geneva on Monday.\nWestern-backed rebels control swathes of Deraa and Quneitra, which are home to tens of thousands of people and form a center of the insurgency south of the Syrian capital Damascus. Rebels said intense air strikes had pounded Deraa's opposition territory in recent weeks.\nThe multi-sided Syrian conflict, which grew out of popular protests against Assad's rule in 2011, has killed hundreds of thousands of people and created the world's worst refugee crisis.\n",
        "caption": "A girl walks on debris in a rebel-held part of the southern city of Deraa, Syria, July 9, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/8964F26A-9A58-40FD-8630-E0B0C38D8B1F.jpg",
        "id": "3418_3",
        "answer": [
            "air strikes had pounded Deraa's opposition territory in recent weeks.",
            "air strikes"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Deraa",
            "rebel"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_09_3934553",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_09_3934553_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What method is used to take in the things from the image?",
        "context": "Qatari Businesses Find New Suppliers After Gulf Boycott\nDOHA \u2014\u00a0\nThe sanctions imposed by Saudi Arabia and other Arab states on Qatar have been a blessing for Mohammed Kuwari and his al-Rawa brand of yoghurt. With competing Saudi products off the shelves, his business is booming.\n\u201cOur sales doubled! There's lots of production as you can see and we have a big share in the market now,\u201d said the 30-year-old dairy factory owner.\nPreviously he struggled to compete against products trucked in from Saudi firms like the Middle East's biggest dairy, Almarai.\nBut last week Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Egypt and Bahrain imposed an economic and diplomatic boycott on Qatar, accusing the small Gulf state of funding terrorism and cosying up to their enemy Iran, which Qatar denies.\nThe measures have disrupted imports in Qatar, which buys most of its food from the neighbors that have ostracized it.\nImported Turkish goods are seen in a supermarket in Doha, Qatar, June 9, 2017.\nChange in trading patterns?\nQatar's own mostly small consumer businesses say they are finding new suppliers, which could alter established trading patterns in the Gulf.\nPlastic and cardboard that Kuwari's company uses to make packaging are stuck in containers in Dubai, he said.\n\u201cWe were stunned at first. Our supply of raw materials was completely cut off,\u201d said Kuwari. \u201cBut we took action.\u201d\nKuwari says he will terminate contracts for raw materials from the Dubai-based conglomerate JRD international worth 30 million riyals ($8.21 million) a year. Instead he is forging deals with Turkish, Indian and Chinese companies to secure future supplies that will be shipped to Qatar via ports in Oman and Kuwait.\nPulling plug on contracts\nQatar typically imports perishable goods through its land link with Saudi Arabia. Millions of dollars of other goods and materials also come every month via Dubai's Jebel Ali port which serves as a major re-export hub for the Gulf.\nBusinesses in Qatar say they are pulling the plug on UAE and Saudi contracts, and don't expect to resume them even if the diplomatic storm blows over.\n\u201cWe are not working with them again. They didn't honor their agreements. Our products are being held up there,\u201d said Ahmed al-Khalaf, chairman of International Projects Development Co. and owner of a Qatari meat processing plant that imports materials from the UAE.\n\u201cWe may not have many factories in Qatar but we have the money to buy from other sources.\u201d\nRichest country\nQatar is the world's richest country per capita, with just 2.7 million residents and income from the world's biggest exports of liquefied natural gas. Nearly 90 percent of its population are foreign guest workers, mostly from South Asia or poorer countries in the Middle East.\nDubai offers lower costs and shorter shipping times than many other ports in the Middle East. But Oman's Sohar port has been trying to compete by expanding its capacity. Business from Qatar could help that effort.\nOn Monday, Qatar launched two new shipping services to Omani ports as the gas-rich country seeks to secure food supplies closed off by the Saudi-led boycott.\n",
        "caption": "Imported Turkish goods are seen in a supermarket in Doha, Qatar, June 9, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/68ECC6FC-6104-416E-8D06-DA9C13C9302B.jpg",
        "id": "26639_2",
        "answer": [
            "land link with Saudi Arabia"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "goods"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_14_3900820",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_14_3900820_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the builder of the tech in the image going to do?",
        "context": "'No Time for Trial and Error' as Cape Town's Mayor Leads Green Push\nLONDON \u2014\u00a0\nNational leaders may have been the ones to sign the Paris Agreement to combat climate change \u2014 but when it comes to putting the deal into effect, \u201cit is cities that drive most of the change,\u201d says Cape Town's mayor Patricia de Lille.\nSince taking charge of South Africa's second biggest city in 2011, her administration has overseen the installation of LED streetlights on 25,000 roads, retrofitted 32 city buildings to make them more energy efficient and installed 46,000 roof-top solar water heaters.\nA big plot of land in the city has been set aside for green companies that want to move in and build solar panels, wind turbines or other forms of clean tech.\nThe Tesla Model X car is introduced at the company's headquarters in Fremont, California, Sept. 29, 2015.\nTesla committed to Cape Town office\nAlready U.S. electric car manufacturer Tesla has indicated it intends to open its first Africa office in Cape Town, de Lille said, and a Chinese manufacturer of solar-powered electric buses will come in next year.\nCape Town has an order in for 10 of the buses, the first of which will hit the streets later this year, she told the Thomson Reuters Foundation in a telephone interview.\n\u201cThey're going to save us a lot of money,\u201d said de Lille, 66, a former trade union leader and longtime South African politician.\n\u201cOur maintenance budget will be cut by 60 percent, as they're very easy to maintain. And to recharge the batteries we're also going to use solar energy.\u201d\nWomen lead the way\nAround the world, cities are increasingly at the forefront of action to curb climate change \u2014 and a growing number, from Cape Town to Paris to Sydney, are now run by women.\nIn two years, the number of women in charge of large cities leading on climate action has risen from four to 16, according to the C40 Cities network of more than 80 cities committed to addressing climate change, which is organizing a conference for women leaders in New York this month.\nDe Lille said that women leaders are far from \u201cthe panacea for all of our problems.\u201d But when it comes to climate change, \u201cyou always see it is girls and mothers who are disproportionately affected. As women, we have to represent those voices of other women.\u201d\nThe poor in Cape Town have much to lose if climate change is not effectively dealt with.\nCape Town faces water shortage\nWorsening flooding has hit the poor particularly hard, she said, and now extended drought \u2014 the worst in 100 years over the last two winters \u2014 has left the city's main water supply dam at just 23 percent of capacity. That is water for just 121 days, the mayor said.\nThe seaside city is looking for more water where it can \u2014 recycling water, treating effluent and pumping it back into the dam, tapping into old springs under the city and testing out desalination.\nBut the solutions need to keep the poor in mind, de Lille said.\n\u201cDesalination is very expensive and once you go for expensive infrastructure and operating costs, it will put up the price of water\u201d \u2014 something she would like to avoid, she said.\nWires carry electricity from a South African nuclear plant near Cape Town, Nov. 28, 2015.\nRenewable ambitions \u2026 and obstacles\nOne of de Lille's key ambitions is to see Cape Town get at least 20 percent of its energy from renewables by 2020 \u2014 just three years away. Independent solar and wind power producers, hoping to feed energy into the national grid, have sprung up, including in Cape Town.\nBut Eskom, the national company that produces 95 percent of South Africa's electricity, has yet to sign agreements to purchase much of the renewable power, arguing the deals could put Eskom's finances at risk.\nThe company is waiting for the completion of two big and years-delayed coal-fired power plants it is building, designed to reduce energy shortages in the country.\nThe impasse has so far limited Cape Town's ability to source renewable power \u2014 and has led de Lille and the renewable energy firms to threaten lawsuits.\n\u201cI don't think they've got a right to block me buying clean renewable power from any independent power producer,\u201d the mayor said.\nFocus on \u2018implementation\u2019\nDe Lille said that she's seen little push back on her clean energy agenda at home and that, like many mayors, she spends her time focusing on \u201cimplementation, implementation, implementation.\u201d\n\u201cIn government, things don't just happen by wishing,\u201d she said. But with good leadership, \u201clater on, you find that people have now bought into the idea and understand the benefit of what we are achieving. Then it's much easier \u2014 you have leadership at all levels bought into the new way of doing things.\u201d\nOne thing she wishes she had, however, is more money.\nInternational funding to help developing countries address climate change is only slowly getting flowing and what arrives at the national government level does not always trickle down to cities, she said.\nTo change that, the world's mayors should work together \u201cto say to these multilateral bodies that we want a say in how the resources are distributed,\u201d she said.\nMayor hopes to reach goals by 2020 \nDe Lille's term as mayor ends in 2021 \u2014 one reason her renewable energy goal is set for 2020.\n\"I'm going to push as hard as I can to get all or most of my targets embedded in this city so no one can change them again, so they can just come in and build on that,\"she said.\nWith climate change impacts worsening fast and few years left to bring about a wholesale shift to clean energy, \u201cthere's no time for trial and error,\u201d she said. \"We have to make sure we do it right the first time.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "The Tesla Model X car is introduced at the company's headquarters in Fremont, California, Sept. 29, 2015.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/3AAFC210-590B-4E86-8B86-C989DD88BD8D.jpg",
        "id": "20517_2",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "open its first Africa office in Cape Town"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Tesla Model X car",
            "Tesla"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_08_3755900",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_08_3755900_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What are the people in the image not allowed to use?",
        "context": "China Issues Ban on Many Muslim Names in Xinjiang\nChina has released new restrictions on the naming of children in the far western and mostly Muslim region of Xinjiang, banning ethnic minority Uighur parents from naming their newborns \"Muhammad\" or names that authorities say have \u201cextremely religious\u201d meanings.\nThe move is the latest in sweeping controls instituted in Xinjiang that authorities say are aimed at keeping the spread of religious extremism in check.\nAnalysts, however, say the hardline approach towards Muslims is not only fueling opposition in Xinjiang, but also stirring ethnic hatred nationwide.\nTainted identity\nLocal governments recently rolled out a list of banned ethnic minority names that forbids dozens of religious names, such as \u201cJihad,\u201d \u201cMedina\u201d and even \u201cYultuzay,\u201d a reference to the star and moon symbol of the Islamic faith.\nAll in all, nearly 30 names have been banned according to documents provided to VOA by overseas Uighur activists. According to the regulations and accounts of the new rules circulating online, individuals who violate the restrictions will be denied a hukou, or household registration, which grants citizens access to social benefits, health care and education in China.\nComplaints among Uighurs are growing and the ban is but the latest restriction.\nMichael Clarke, an associate professor at Australian National University\u2019s National Security College, told VOA in an emailed reply that through the ban and other earlier measures to enhance surveillance of Uighurs, China is seeking to determine which aspects of the Uighur identity will be considered acceptable. And that is making the party-state the arbiter of what he called acceptable \"Uighur-ness.\"\nFILE - A man arrives at the Id Kah Mosque for morning prayers in Kashgar, Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region, China, March 23, 2017.\nSuch policies \u201cactively contribute to the further alienation of many Uighurs from Han Chinese and provides fertile ground for the Islamic radicalism that the CCP [Chinese Communist Party] fears in Xinjiang.\u201d\nXinjiang is home to more than 10 million Uighurs, a largely Muslim Turkic-speaking ethnic minority.\nAnd all this, he said, \u201cacts to construct elements of Uighur identity, such as the practice of Islam, as potentially deviant and dangerous to the security\u201d in China.\nRising resentment\nOn April 1, a new set of rules was implemented along with the ban. Those rules also prohibit so-called \"abnormal\" beards, the wearing of veils in public places and the refusal to watch state television.\n\u201cAll this time, we\u2019ve [received] lots of complaints directly or indirectly. The situation has gotten worse particularly in the region\u2019s south, such as Kashgar, Hotan and Aksu,\u201d said Dilxat Raxit, a spokesman for the Germany-headquartered World Uyghur Congress.\n\u201cThe resentment there has been indirectly substantiated, which is [a] quite worrying [sign],\" he said. \"I\u2019m afraid that it may trigger even more radical resistance from Uighurs, who find it too much to bear, if the condition continues.\"\nFILE - In this photo taken July 17, 2014, Uighur residents gather at a road side stall in the city of Aksu in western China's Xinjiang province.\nThe rights activist urged authorities in China to stop suppressing traditional and normal Uighur culture and religious belief in the name of combating Islamic extremists, whom China blames for terrorist attacks and separatist movements.\nHe said China\u2019s repressive controls are the real cause of violence and unrest in Xinjiang.\nChina has strongly denied of any abuses there and insisted the legal, cultural and religious rights Uighurs are fully protected.\nSocial stigma\nStill, following years of China\u2019s forceful attempts to integrate Xinjiang and crackdown on Islamic extremists, the social stigma attached to Uighurs is growing a divide and misunderstanding, said Chang Chung-fu, an associate professor of National Chengchi University\u2019s ethnology department in Taipei.\n\u201cI\u2019ve seen quite a lot of acts of stigmatizing people in Xinjiang and Uighurs. Many generalize conclusions such as \u2018people in Xinjiang are violent terrorists\u2019 or \u2018you Uighurs are foolish religious followers,\u2019\u201d Chang said.\n\u201cI find the spread of such [misleading] sentiment an adverse impact on the Mainland\u2019s pursuit of so-called Chinese dreams or peaceful rise,\u201d he added.\nAnd perhaps that is why there has been a prevailing stream of nationalistic response to the rules on Weibo, China\u2019s Twitter-like microblogging platform. On social media, most voiced their support for the regulations and even urged the central government to roll out the Xinjiang-oriented anti-Muslim extremist campaign nationwide to areas including Ningxia, Qinghai and even Shaanxi.\n\u201cIn China, the state has to be put before any ethnic groups,\u201d a Weibo user wrote in late March, calling Islamic extremists \u201cmalignant tumors,\u201d which should be removed to \u201crevive the Han Chinese culture.\u201d\nOnly a few users questioned the campaign\u2019s legitimacy, with one arguing that the rules \u201cinfringe on people\u2019s freedom of speech and is thus unconstitutional.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "FILE - In this photo taken July 17, 2014, Uighur residents gather at a road side stall in the city of Aksu in western China's Xinjiang province.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/7AEA2BC8-8E20-4D23-808D-6B719533E8FB.jpg",
        "id": "27738_4",
        "answer": [
            "names that authorities say have \u201cextremely religious\u201d meanings"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Uighur"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_26_3826118",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_26_3826118_4"
    },
    {
        "question": "What type of people work the vehicle in the image?",
        "context": "Trump Caps Eventful Week on Florida Golf Course\nWEST PALM BEACH, FLORIDA \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. President Donald Trump went to one of his golf courses on the Florida Atlantic coast Sunday for a second consecutive day, following an eventful week that included his much-scrutinized summit with Chinese President Xi Jinping, during which he ordered cruise missiles launched at a Syrian airbase.\nWhite House officials were tight-lipped about the president\u2019s activities Saturday and Sunday, which were known to have included time on the golf course and a long phone call, the second in a span of four days, with Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe.\nIn the most recent conversation, which lasted 45 minutes, Abe told reporters he and the U.S. president \u201cfrankly exchanged opinions about North Korea and Syria following Thursday\u2019s U.S. Navy strike on a Syrian airfield that was believed to be the launch site for last week's chemical attack on civilians in rebel-held territory that killed dozens, including children.\nThe two leaders \u201ccompletely agreed on the importance of solidarity among the United States, Japan and South Korea regarding North Korea\u2019s increasing ballistic missile and nuclear weapons development threats,\" Abe said.\nThe White House, in its statement released Sunday about the previous day\u2019s call, said Trump thanked Abe for his support of the U.S. missile strikes and they \u201calso agreed to further cooperation on a range of regional issues, including the threat posed by North Korea.\u201d\nDispatching navy forces to Korean peninsula\nThe U.S. Defense Department announced late Saturday the Pacific Command had ordered a U.S. Navy strike group (USS Carl Vinson aircraft carrier) to head towards the Korean peninsula.\nFILE - Fighter jets are seen on board the U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Carl Vinson in the South China Sea, March 3, 2017. The Pentagon announced late Saturday the USS Carl Vinson was en route towards the Korean peninsula.\nThis is \u201ca prudent measure to maintain readiness and presence in the Western Pacific,\u201d a command spokesman, Navy Commander Dave Benham told VOA. \u201cThe number-one threat in the region continues to be North Korea, due to its reckless, irresponsible and destabilizing program of missile tests and pursuit of a nuclear weapons capability.\u201d \nThe diversion of the naval strike force from a scheduled cruise to Australia, following a port call in Singapore, comes after several recent missile test firings into the eastern waters of the Korean peninsula by North Korea and amid preparations for what would be the isolated and impoverished nation\u2019s sixth underground nuclear weapons test.\nTrump, according to administration officials, informed President Xi during their meetings last week that if China was not successful in dissuading North Korea from further provocative actions, the United States is prepared to take action on its own. \nAccording to data compiled by The Washington Post, Trump, who repeatedly criticized his predecessor for golf outings, has been on the fairways once every 5.3 days, compared to Barack Obama\u2019s pace of every 8.8 days.\nDespite repeated inquiries from VOA and other news organizations traveling with the president, the White House issued no detailed information on Trump\u2019s activities during his five hours both Saturday and Sunday at the Trump International Golf Club. But a CNN videographer spotted the commander-in-chief on the links on Saturday.\nA source told VOA that Trump played 18 holes Saturday. On Sunday, Trump was seen leaving his Mar-a-Lago estate clad in a white polo shirt and a red cap with \u201cUSA\u201d lettering.\nWhile at the golf club, Trump, on his personal Twitter account, said he was \u201cso sad\u201d to learn of the lethal Palm Sunday bombings of two churches in Egypt, adding he had great confidence President Abdel Fattah el-Sissi \u201cwill handle the situation properly.\u201d\nThe Egyptian president ordered military deployments to guard \u201cvital and important infrastructure\u201d following the attacks, for which the Islamic State group claimed responsibility.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Fighter jets are seen on board the U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Carl Vinson in the South China Sea, March 3, 2017. The Pentagon announced late Saturday the USS Carl Vinson was en route towards the Korean peninsula.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/25653C25-2285-424A-9D78-B28EE4D82FBA.jpg",
        "id": "28069_2",
        "answer": [
            "a U.S. Navy strike group"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "USS Carl Vinson"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_09_3803108",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_09_3803108_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person on the screen in the image get?",
        "context": "Macron Beats Le Pen, Now Comes the Hard Part\nPARIS, FRANCE \u2014\u00a0\nCentrist Emmanuel Macron\u2019s victory over Marine Le Pen in France\u2019s presidential elections means one of the EU\u2019s key nations has, for now, avoided a brush with nationalist politics. There are questions about whether Macron \u2013 who ran as an independent - will have a mandate to deliver.\nAt 39, Emmanuel Macron becomes the youngest man to lead France since Napoleon Bonaparte. He won on a promise of prosperity for all, and must now unite a country bitterly divided between globalists and nationalists.\n\u201cEurope and the world expect us to defend the spirit of the Enlightenment, under threat in so many places. They expect us to defend freedom everywhere, to protect the oppressed,\u201d Macron told cheering supporters Sunday night at a victory rally held against a stunning backdrop of the ornate, classically French buildings of Paris\u2019 Louvre Museum.\nPresident-elect Emmanuel Macron is seen on a giant screen near the Louvre museum after results were announced in the second round of voting in the 2017 French presidential elections, in Paris, May 7, 2017.\n\u201cThey expect us to bring some new hope, a new humanism, that of a safer world, a world of protected freedoms, a world of growth, with more justice, more ecology. They expect us to be just who we are!\u201d exclaimed Macron to a sea of French flag-waving revelers.\nBut demonstrations in the French capital Monday were a clear signal that the pressure is on him to deliver on promises that no one will be left behind as France continues in the path of globalization.\nHundreds of leftist demonstrators filled the city\u2019s Place de la Republique Monday. They included unionists who loathe Macron\u2019s proposals that include reforming the labor market, cutting public spending and slashing 120,000 public sector jobs.\n\u201cThey are evidently very happy about the defeat of [Le Pen\u2019s] National Front, but now we must remind Mr. Macron of the issues they have,\u201d said Omar Trunier, an activist marching with a group of African asylum seekers.\nProtesters face riot police officers during a demonstration called by labor unions the day after the French presidential election, May 8, 2017.\nOne banner said: \u201cWelcome Macron. We will have your skin.\u201d\n\u201cHe does not represent the majority of the people,\u201d said a protester who asked not to be named, further underscoring the reality that many of the votes Macron received were protest votes against Marine Le Pen.\nFrench officials said 4 million blank votes were submitted.\n\u201cWe hope to install a good majority in the parliament to prevent him from doing what he hopes to do,\u201d said the demonstrator.\nMacron\u2019s ultimate success depends on whether he gains a mandate in next month\u2019s parliamentary elections.\nBallots are counted by officials in the second round of the 2017 French presidential election at a polling station in Tulle, France, May 7, 2017.\n\u201cEmmanuel Macron was elected in a solid way, by a third of the votes, but we saw there were also many abstentions, blank votes, many, many more than usual,\u201d said Henri Rey, a political analyst in Paris. \u201cThe situation is full of dangers for Emmanuel Macron. Why? Because he\u2019s not backed by an already established party,\u201d Rey told VOA.\nBut he has the backing of Europe.\nMacron received hearty congratulations and expressions of relief from European leaders, including German Chancellor Angela Merkel.\n\u201cI would like to help France lower its unemployment rate and to increase the chances of young people to find jobs. We will talk together about how we do this,\u201d Merkel told reporters Monday.\nA failure by Macron to deliver on jobs could be a lifeline for Marine Le Pen and a reason to believe her National Front will not go away. Unemployment and general economic insecurity brought record numbers of voters to the Le Pen camp, including members of the far left who helped her gain a solid 33 percent of votes.\nMarine Le Pen, French National Front (FN) political party candidate for French 2017 presidential election, concedes defeat at the Chalet du Lac in the Bois de Vincennes in Paris after the second round of 2017 presidential election, May 7, 2017.\n\u201cIt\u2019s a fantastic score. The party never won so high,\u201d said political scientist Nonna Mayer, a specialist on far right movements.\nThe score amounts to almost double the support garnered by her father, Jean-Marie Le Pen, in 2002 - the last time the National Front party made it to the first round of a presidential race. In that contest, Jean-Marie Le Pen received 17.8 percent in losing to conservative Jacques Chirac, who got more than 82 percent.\nMayer said Marine Le Pen and the National Front will remain a force to contend with as long as unemployment remains high, an issue that has fueled anti-immigration sentiments and caused Le Pen\u2019s nationalist message to resonate among many.\n\u201cYou have the feeling that more and more people are afraid. They want protection. They want borders,\u201d said Mayer. \u201cMany people have the feeling that they are going to fall down the social scale and that there\u2019s no future for their children.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "President-elect Emmanuel Macron is seen on a giant screen near the Louvre museum after results were announced in the second round of voting in the 2017 French presidential elections, in Paris, May 7, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/6FFA4369-1F62-4D7E-8D24-78358734A98D.jpg",
        "id": "22742_1",
        "answer": [
            "victory"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Emmanuel Macron"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_08_3843257",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_08_3843257_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the people want the person wearing white in the image to do?",
        "context": "Nigerian Lawmakers Urge Asylum for Gambian President\nABUJA, NIGERIA \u2014\u00a0\nNigeria\u2019s lower house of parliament has recommended that President Muhammadu Buhari make an asylum offer to Gambian President Yahya Jammeh, who has refused to accept his loss to Adama Barrow in the December 1 elections, leaving Gambia with a political standoff since then. \nThe members of Nigeria\u2019s lower house of parliament discussed the advisory motion Thursday as part of an ongoing effort to negotiate a peaceful transition of power in the tiny West African nation.\nNigerian house of representative member Mohammed Zorro introduced the offer of asylum, saying that it is in the best interest of Nigeria to help ensure peace in Gambia.\n\u201cIt is a normal standard diplomatic practice everywhere to host exiles, either as deposed heads of state or as heads of state that lost elections or political exiles,\u201d Zorro said. \u201cAnd that\u2019s why we now want to, as a legislative input, strengthen the hands of the president of Nigeria, General Muhammadu Buhari.\u201d\nNigeria's interests\nThere are other reasons, Zorro added.\n\u201cIn Nigeria\u2019s strategic interest, we have Nigerian banks doing business in the Gambia,\u201d he said. \u201cWe have airlines from Nigeria flying to Gambia. We have invested so much in training Gambian leaders in various spheres.\u201d\nThere is some speculation that Jammeh might be holding onto power to escape criminal charges. His 22-year rule has long been tainted with allegations of severe human rights abuses. The asylum from Nigeria could be offered as a means to urge Jammeh to step down, says popular activist in Abuja, Echezona Asuzu.\n\u201cIf they can use that to take him out of power and then begin to find other mechanisms to make him answer for his crimes,\u201d Asuzu said. \u201cIt\u2019s part of the political process. Take him out of the way and then you can now begin to talk of the next steps.\u201d\nAsuzu is a vocal advocate for democracy. He sees the asylum proposal as a good thing, but he is also skeptical and unsure if Nigeria can hold up an asylum agreement.\n\u201cYou remember the case of Charles Taylor?\u201d he said.\nCharles Taylor, the infamous former Liberian president and war criminal, was granted controversial political asylum in Nigeria more than a decade ago. Nigeria later released Taylor to stand trial in Sierra Leone.\nHaven to other leaders\nNigeria has been a haven to other African leaders, including Felix Malloum, the former president of Chad and Somalia\u2019s former president Mohammed Siad Barre.\nIn the case of Jammeh, Nigeria is leading the mediations. President Buhari joins a delegation of West African leaders in the Gambian capital Friday. Earlier this week, Nigeria\u2019s foreign minister urged leaders to find a peaceful solution to the impasse.\nNigeria President Muhammadu Buhari (right) welcomes Liberia President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf before a meeting in Abuja, Nigeria, Jan. 9, 2017. Nigeria's lower house of parliament has urged Buhari to offer Gambian President Yahya Jammeh asylum.\nLast month, ECOWAS chairperson and President of Liberia Ellen Johnson Sirleaf emphasized the need to come to a conclusion before January 19. That\u2019s when the Gambian president\u2019s term ends and he is constitutionally mandated to hand over power.\nBut time is running out. There are only six days left, and Jammeh says he will remain in power until the Supreme Court makes a ruling on the outcome of the disputed election. That ruling is not expected until May.\n",
        "caption": "Nigeria President Muhammadu Buhari (right) welcomes Liberia President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf before a meeting in Abuja, Nigeria, Jan. 9, 2017. Nigeria's lower house of parliament has urged Buhari to offer Gambian President Yahya Jammeh asylum.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/36656F47-8A4B-45AA-9DC3-A887E34A56A3.jpg",
        "id": "20597_2",
        "answer": [
            "make an asylum offer to Gambian President Yahya Jammeh",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Muhammadu Buhari"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_13_3674807",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_13_3674807_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "When did the woman in the image depart from her job?",
        "context": "Hong Kong's No. 2 Official Resigns; Leadership Bid Expected\nHONG KONG \u2014\u00a0\nHong Kong's No. 2 government official resigned on Thursday in what is widely seen as preparation for a bid for the southern Chinese city's top leadership job.\nChief Secretary Carrie Lam tendered her resignation to Chief Executive Leung Chun-ying, who in turn submitted it to Beijing, the Hong Kong government said in a statement. Lam will be on leave from Friday.\nThe labor and welfare secretary, Matthew Cheung Kin-chung, will become acting chief secretary.\nHong Kong leader Leung is deeply unpopular and announced last month that he won't seek another term, citing family reasons. His five-year term ends in June.\nAnother potential contender for his job, Finance Secretary John Tsang, quit last month.\nHong Kong leaders are chosen by a 1,200-member panel of mostly pro-Beijing tycoons and elites, which is scheduled to make its pick in March. So far, retired judge Woo Kwok-hing and lawmaker Regina Ip have publicly declared their intention to run for the job of leading the city of 7.2 million.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Carrie Lam looks on during a meeting on proposing electoral reforms at the Legislative Council in Hong Kong.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/E0418EED-9513-4C7B-AC86-99A0D8674959.jpg",
        "id": "280_1",
        "answer": [
            "Thursday"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Hong Kong"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_12_3673247",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_12_3673247_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the amount of time that the faith, which the people in the image are disrespecting, has been in the country?",
        "context": "Amid Rising Islamist Politics, Indonesia Prepares for More Stringent Ramadan\nJAKARTA, INDONESIA \u2014\u00a0\nRamadan, the Muslim holy month of fasting that starts Friday, has typically been a relaxed affair in the world\u2019s most populous Muslim country, Indonesia. But in the last few years there has been rising intolerance against activities like selling food during daylight hours. This year, after a divisive election cycle that marked the first true emergence of Islamist politics in modern Indonesia, many are preparing for the most austere Ramadan in recent memory.\nThere has also been a spate of disturbing crackdowns on gay Indonesians and a suicide bombing attack Wednesday in an East Jakarta train station. Experts have speculated that at least one factor behind the former is a desire for high-profile value signaling before the holy month.\nA military officer inspects a bus stop damaged in Wednesday's suicide bombings in Jakarta, Indonesia, May 25, 2017. Indonesia's President Joko \"Jokowi\" Widodo ordered a thorough investigation of the network behind two suicide bombings that targeted police.\nMoral police\nFor at least the last five years, hard-line groups like the Islamic Defenders\u2019 Front (FPI) have staged unofficial sweeps of restaurants, bars and clubs they claim disrespect Ramadan, during which Muslims abstain from eating, drinking, alcohol and sex from dawn to dusk.\nLast year, a 53-year-old food stall proprietor in West Java was attacked by local officials for preparing food in daytime during Ramadan and forced to go into hiding. Jakarta\u2019s Chinese-Christian governor Ahok tried to stem these groups, which operate outside official legal channels. But Ahok was unseated last month after an election during which his opponent actively allied with Islamist groups like FPI and heavily promoted his Muslim identity. As such, the country\u2019s secular facade is dropping.\nThe emergence of Islamic majoritarianism means this year\u2019s Ramadan will be more strict on a societal level, said Alissa Wahid, national coordinator of the GUSDURian Network for social activism. \n\u201cEven though the police has repeatedly stated that sweeping won\u2019t be allowed\u2026 in the past they generally actually took a soft stand [with them], either helping or escorting the sweepings,\u201d Wahid said.\nAlthough Indonesia is an officially secular country that recognizes and protects six religions, Sharia-inspired bylaws have been on the rise in recent years \u2014 numbering about 440 in 2015, according to one researcher\u2019s estimate.\nPolice officers escort men arrested in a raid on a gay sauna at North Jakarta police headquarters in Jakarta, Indonesia, May 22, 2017. Indonesian police detained dozens of men in a weekend raid on a gay sauna in the capital.\nMoral signaling\nBoth the police and the FPI habitually raid red-light districts and other sites of the sex trade before and during Ramadan. In 2011, FPI illicitly raided bars in Surabaya, East Java. That can be seen as a precedent for the last Sunday\u2019s bust of a popular gay sauna in Jakarta, where 141 men were arrested at a \u201csex party.\u201d Earlier in May, 14 gay men in Surabaya were arrested at a similar party and forced to have HIV tests. This week, West Java police announced a task force to target gay Indonesians.\nThe fact that all of these occurred in close succession is typical of the \u201cvirtue\u201d based crackdowns before Ramadan, said Dede Oetomo, a prominent gay rights activist. \n\u201cThere\u2019s very little social cost to it because few people vocally defend LGBT rights in Indonesia,\u201d he said.\nAlthough it had been on the books for two months, Indonesia\u2019s first caning of a gay couple for homosexuality, in the conservative, Sharia-ruled province of Aceh, happened Tuesday, adding grim context to the other raids.\nAnother twist to this turbulent month came in the form of a suicide bombing in an East Jakarta bus station Wednesday that killed three policemen and one of the bombers. Details are still emerging on the motivation behind the attack, but it adds to the chaotic feel of Indonesian current events.\nTerrorist attacks frequently spike during Ramadan as extremist groups interpret the holy month\u2019s imperative for heightened good conduct as a call to jihad.\nThe whole story\nHow the next month unfolds in Indonesia will be of interest. Bad news tends to monopolize headlines, and can distort the reality of most Indonesians\u2019 Muslim life. Islam has been in the archipelago for at least eight centuries and been absorbed into hundreds of local cultures. Indonesians have historically debated even the starting date for Ramadan \u2014 it hinges on a point about sighting the full moon \u2014 which points to the plurality of traditions that can be good-naturedly accommodated in the region.\n\u201cMy stall will be open for business all day every day, Ramadan or not,\u201d said Ahmad, an observant Muslim who runs a fried-noodle food stall in South Jakarta. \u201cI\u2019m not worried about any sweeping. I don\u2019t even care if Muslims come to eat here during Ramadan. It\u2019s just not important. For me, or,\u201d \u2014 he gestured to the row of vendors sharing the sidewalk with him \u2014 \u201creally any of us.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Indonesian women carry free food packages received from Indonesian President Joko Widodo during Ramadan in Jakarta, Indonesia, June 29, 2016. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/048C8093-88C9-44D2-A63D-48173C906DB6.jpg",
        "id": "105_1",
        "answer": [
            "at least eight centuries"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Islam"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_25_3870543",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_25_3870543_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What problem have the countries of the men in the image not agreed on for a longer time than the current one?",
        "context": "Greece Says Court Decision Not to Extradite Turkish Soldiers Must Be Respected\nATHENS \u2014\u00a0\nA court ruling to not extradite eight Turkish soldiers who fled to Greece following the failed coup attempt last year must be respected, Greek Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras said on Monday.\nHis comments came at a joint news conference with his Turkish counterpart Binali Yildirim in Athens.\n\"The Greek justice system has ruled on this issue ... and this decision must be fully respected,\" Tsipras said in response to a question.\nTurkey alleges the men were involved in efforts to overthrow President Recep Tayyip Erdogan last July and has repeatedly demanded they be sent back.\nThe soldiers fled to Greece in a military helicopter last year as the coup against Erdogan unfolded.\nGreek courts have blocked two extradition requests by Ankara, drawing an angry rebuke from Turkey and highlighting the often strained relations between the NATO allies, who remain at odds over issues from territorial disputes to ethnically-split Cyprus.\n\"We would like Greece to extradite those who clearly staged a coup against our nation,\" Yildirim said. \"We respect the judiciary's decision, but we do not want these putschists to strike a blow to Turkish-Greek relations,\" he said.\nMonday's meeting was held against the backdrop of a fresh reunification bid in Cyprus, divided since a Turkish invasion in 1974 triggered by a brief Greek-inspired coup.\nThe two countries and Britain will participate in peace talks along with the two estranged Cypriot sides in Switzerland on June 28. Mediators are seeking an accord on security arrangements in a post-settlement Cyprus, if the sides agree on a peace deal.\nTurkey has some 30,000 troops in northern Cyprus, a contentious point for Greek Cypriots who want their withdrawal.\nYildirim said Greece and Turkey had decided to \"contribute in every positive way\" to a Cyprus settlement.\n\"The solution of the Cyprus issue should guarantee the security and future of Turkish and Greek people living on the island,\" he said.\nUnder a 1960 treaty, Britain, Turkey and Greece can intervene in Cyprus in the event of a breakdown of constitutional order. Greek Cypriots want the system dismantled and a withdrawal of troops, while Turkish Cypriots want some Turkish guarantees to continue.\n",
        "caption": "Greek Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras, right, answers a question during a press conference with his Turkish counterpart Binali Yildirim after their meeting in Athens, June 19, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D1EDDCB5-3B16-4247-B3F9-ACCC68C26D42.jpg",
        "id": "23021_1",
        "answer": [
            "remain at odds over issues from territorial disputes to ethnically-split Cyprus"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Greek"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_19_3906403",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_19_3906403_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What do people like those in the image accuse of undermining them?",
        "context": "South Korea Impeachment Drama Enters Final Act\nSEOUL \u2014\u00a0\nThe impeachment of South Korean President Park Geun-hye entered its final phase Monday as the Constitutional Court held its last hearing, and as Acting President and Prime Minister Hwang Kyo-ahn refused to extend the independent counsel probe in the corruption scandal.\nIn December the National Assembly voted overwhelmingly to remove President Park from office for colluding with her long-time friend Choi Soon-sil to extort Korean conglomerates to donate over $69 million to two dubious foundations in exchange for favorable treatment or under threat of tax audits.\nThere were also other charges related to Park\u2019s allegedly negligent handing of the 2014 Sewol Ferry disaster that killed over 300 people, and to Choi purportedly using presidential connections to gain her daughter admission into a prestigious university.\nJudges of the Constitutional Court sit during the final hearing on whether to confirm the impeachment of President Park Geun-hye at the Court in Seoul, South Korea, Feb. 27, 2017\nLegal maneuvering\nPresident Park has been suspended from office during the Constitutional Court trial to review the legitimacy of the impeachment motion, a process that by law can take up to six months.\nPark declined to attend the final hearing and has publicly maintained that she is not guilty of the charges, that she has never financially benefited from her office, and was unaware of any illicit activities that were allegedly conducted by friends and subordinates. \nHowever critics say Park\u2019s lawyers have employed a cynical defense strategy to fight the motion on technical legal grounds and to delay the proceedings until judicial term limits further change the dynamics of the Constitutional Court in their favor. \nThe South Korean constitution requires that at least six of the nine top court justices concur to reach a valid ruling. Currently there are eights judges left on the court as Chief Justice Chief Judge Park Han-chul stepped down when his term expired in January. Justice Lee Jung-mi\u2019s term ends after March 13. No new justices can be appointed during the impeachment process.\nThe court has indicated it would strive to reach a verdict before Justice Lee steps down.\nHowever, one of the president\u2019s lawyers has claimed that a decision made by an eight member Constitutional Court could be subject to a retrial motion.\nPark\u2019s lawyers have also argued that because the 13 specific impeachment charges were bundled into one single motion, and not voted on separately, the entire process should be invalid.\nFILE - Acting South Korean President Hwang Kyo-ahn speaks during a press conference at the government complex in Seoul, South Korea, Dec. 9, 2016.\nIndependent counsel\nAlso on Monday South Korea's acting president Hwang Kyo-ahn refused to extend the current special prosecutor's investigation into the presidential influence peddling scandal.\n\"After much deliberation (the acting president) has decided that it would be best for the country's stability to not extend the special investigation and for the prosecutors to take over,\u201d said Hong Kwon-Heui, the spokesperson for the prime minister.\nThe special prosecution team was appointed in December due to concerns that Justice Ministry prosecutors appointed by the Park administration could be perceived as having a conflict of interest in the investigation.\nDuring its 90 day term, the special prosecution team indicted or arrested several members of the political and business elite linked to the corruption scandal, including Samsung Group leader Jay Y. Lee.\nHowever President Park and her defense team have refused to cooperate with the investigation, and acting President Hwang had denied a request to search her offices in the Blue House on national security grounds.\nThe special prosecutor had requested an extension to continue its investigation and expressed disappointment with Hwang\u2019s rejection. \n\u201cThe special prosecutor thinks it is very regrettable that Acting President Hwang Kyo-ahn did not accept request of extension of investigation period while the investigation of the subjects of special prosecutor's law is not completed,\u201d said Lee Kyu-chul, spokesman for the special prosecution team.\nLeaders of the Democratic Party, South Korea's main opposition party, said on Monday it would seek to impeach the prime minister for refusing to extend the independent counsel investigation.\nActing President Hwang was appointed prime minister in 2015 by President Park and is considered a possible conservative presidential candidate if the impeachment motion is upheld.\nNew election\nThe presidential influence peddling scandal and impeachment trial has deeply divided the nation. This weekend tens of thousands of anti-Park protesters again staged a major rally in Seoul calling for the president to step down, as they have every week since the scandal broke.\nA number of opposition leaders have already declared their intention to run for president in an election to be scheduled within 60 days of the impeachment ruling, if it is upheld. If the court rejects the impeachment, the presidential election will be held later this year as President Park\u2019s single five-year term ends in early 2018.\nIn the last month, conservative supporters of Park have also held large-scale counter demonstrations. Many conservatives at these rallies carry American flags and denounce impeachment supporters as North Korean sympathizers.\nFormer U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon was considered the conservative frontrunner to follow President Park, but he withdrew his name from consideration after facing media criticism and declining approval ratings.\nYoumi Kim contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "A supporter of impeached South Korean President Park Geun-hye waves flags of the U.S. and South Korea while another holds a portrait of the president during a rally in Seoul, South Korea, Feb. 27, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/A34B2B8E-04F4-41FF-8BC0-60B01B03B6E0.jpg",
        "id": "22724_1",
        "answer": [
            "North Korean sympathizers"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "rallies"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_27_3741307",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_27_3741307_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What idea did the person in the middle of the image preach?",
        "context": "US Allies Optimistic About Political Solution to Syrian Conflict \nU.S. allies said after a meeting Friday with Secretary of State Rex Tillerson they were encouraged the United States would support a political solution to the Syrian conflict.\n\"All the participants want a political solution because a military solution alone won't lead to peace in Syria,\" German Foreign Minister Sigmar Gabriel told reporters in Bonn, where the G-20 summit is under way.\nTillerson met for the first time on the sidelines at the gathering with about a dozen Western and Arab countries as well as Turkey.\nU.S. Syria policy \nBefore the meeting, diplomats were seeking clarity on whether the new U.S. administration of President Donald Trump had changed its policy on Syria, particularly regarding the future of President Bashar al-Assad.\nUnder the previous administration of President Barack Obama, the U.S. insisted Assad had to go, putting the U.S. at odds with Russia - which supports the Syrian leader.\nTrump has emphasized closer cooperation with Russia in combating Islamic State in Syria.\nRussia, whose influence in the conflict has grown, hosted separate peace talks in Kazakhstan with Turkey, brokering a fragile six-week truce between Syria's warring factions.\nGerman Foreign Minister Gabriel said \"like-minded\" nations agreed to increase pressure on Russia to support a political solution and reaffirmed there could be no alternative to United Nations-led talks. A new round of the talks involving the Syrian regime and rebel representatives has been scheduled for February 23 in Geneva.\nSecretary of State Tillerson also met Friday with Chinese counterpart Wang Yi for the first time and urged China to help assert more control over North Korea after a series of nuclear and ballistic missile tests.\nA man watches a TV news program showing a photo published in North Korea's Rodong Sinmun newspaper of North Korea's \"Pukguksong-2\" missile launch, at Seoul Railway station in Seoul, South Korea, Feb. 13, 2017.\nNorth Korea nuclear threat \nActing State Department spokesman Mark Toner said Friday in Bonn that Tillerson \"highlighted the increasing threat posed by North Korea's nuclear and missile programs and urged China to use all available tools to moderate North Korea's destabilizing behavior.\"\nWang told Tillerson that the U.S. and China have joint responsibilities to maintain global stability, according to a statement form China's Foreign Ministry. Wang also said common interests between the two countries far outweigh their differences.\nThe Russian foreign minister Sergey Lavrov, right, and US Secretary of State Rex Tillerson stand together during the G-20 Foreign Ministers meeting in Bonn, Germany, Feb. 16, 2017.\nUkraine \nAfter meeting Thursday with Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov, Tillerson said the U.S. could collaborate with Russia if it honored its commitment to help end the crisis in Ukraine.\nTillerson is attending his first G-20 meeting, hosted by Foreign Minister Gabriel, who has been a vocal critic of some of Trump's policies.\nThe G-20 countries account for about 85 percent of the world economy and two-thirds of the global population.\nThe Bonn meeting is a precursor to a G-20 summit scheduled for July in Hamburg in what may be the first time Trump meets Putin in person.\n",
        "caption": "U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson (C) and others wait for an opening session meeting of G-20 foreign ministers in Bonn, Feb. 16, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/5EDDB660-1380-47AC-A438-4062B3A12770.jpg",
        "id": "33594_1",
        "answer": [
            "a political solution to the Syrian conflict"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Rex Tillerson"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_17_3728895",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_17_3728895_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who wants to deactivate the weapon in the image?",
        "context": "North Korea Missile Threat Seen as Test of Incoming Trump Team\nSEOUL \u2014\u00a0\nSouth Korean officials say they believe Pyongyang's latest threat to test an intercontinental missile is intended to set the stage for future relations with the incoming U.S. administration of President-elect Donald Trump.\n\u201cBy maintaining its position to continue firing (missiles) and provocations, (North Korea) intends to bring a change of attitude in the U.S.,\" said South Korean Unification Ministry spokesman Jeong Joon-hee, speaking a day after North Korea declared it could test-launch an intercontinental ballistic missile at any time from any location.\nThe claim was reported Sunday by North Korea's official KCNA news agency, quoting an unnamed Foreign Ministry spokesman.\nJeong suggested that Pyongyang issued the threat in hopes of forcing the Trump administration to engage North Korea on its own terms. He said the goal was to \"shift responsibility (to the U.S.) when North Korea fires (a missile) in future.\u201d\nNorth Korea first threatened last week to test an intercontinental ballistic missile that could strike the United States, prompting Trump to tweet, \"It will not happen.\" The incoming president left open what he might do to stop it, prompting speculation about a possible U.S. military strike against a North Korean launch site.\nFILE - A man in South Korea watches a TV news program showing a missile launch conducted by North Korea, Oct. 20, 2016.\nChung Sung-yoon, a research fellow at the Korea Institute for National Unification in Seoul, said an early test of the Trump team's resolve could backfire on North Korea. If Korea fires an ICBM before the Trump administration has developed a security strategy for Northeast Asia, it could lead to a much tougher U.S. policy, he said.\nThe South Korean Defense Ministry called the North\u2019s talk of an ICBM test \u201cregrettable\u201d and said there would be consequences in terms of international sanctions. \u201cIf North Korea ignores our warning and launches an ICBM, it will face more strong and thorough sanctions and pressure from South Korea as well as from the international community,\u201d said spokesman Moon Sang-kyun.\nIn Washington, U.S. Secretary of Defense Ash Carter said Sunday that the United States would be willing and able to shoot down the missile if it crossed over the territory of the U.S. or its allies.\nFILE - U.S. Secretary of Defense Ash Carter.\n\"If it were coming-if it were threatening to us, yes. That is, if it's predicted impact or one of our friends or allies, yes, we would shoot it down,\" Carter said on the NBC television program Meet The Press.\nDevelopment\nA long range ICBM test would not be an unprecedented technological feat for North Korea. It has already conducted four satellite launches using its Taepodong-2 missiles as rockets. The North\u2019s space program has been widely denounced as a hostile pretense to advance its nuclear and ballistic missile technologies that are banned by United Nations resolutions.\nNorth Korean leader Kim Jong Un has made clear in the last year his government\u2019s ambition to achieve a credible nuclear deterrence. Increasing international sanctions imposed have failed to deter the North from intensifying its development efforts with two nuclear tests and 24 missile launches in the last year. Last week, U.S. Deputy Secretary Of State Antony Blinken said of the North\u2019s nuclear program that \u201cwith every passing day, the threat does get more acute.\u201d\nNorth Korea is believed to have the ability to strike nearby South Korea and Japan with a nuclear weapon. But there remain questions over the North\u2019s ability to reach the U.S. mainland.\nAlthough Pyongyang claims it has successfully miniaturized a nuclear device to fit on the head of a long-range missile, it has not demonstrated that capability. Nor has it yet tested the missile's re-entry capability needed to reach a specific target while withstanding extremes of temperature and vibration. An ICBM test would be the next step in the development process.\nChina\nNeither Beijing nor Tokyo offered any strong official reaction on Monday to the ICBM warnings coming out of Pyongyang and Washington. \nLast week Trump criticized China in a tweet for not doing more to rein in the North Korea nuclear threat. Although North Korea is dependent on China for 90 percent of its trade, Beijing has been reluctant to apply strong economic pressure on its ally for fear it would lead to increased instability on its border and a stronger U.S. presence on the Korean Peninsula.\nChina\u2019s Foreign Ministry spokesman Geng Shuang last week defended his country\u2019s efforts to peacefully resolve the nuclear issue and urged the incoming Trump administration to \u201cavoid remarks and actions to escalate the situation.\u201d\nFILE - President-elect Donald Trump speaks to reporters at Mar-a-Lago.\nJapan\nTokyo this week seems more focused on a flare-up in tensions with Seoul over a \"comfort woman\" statue that was placed in front of the Japanese consulate in the South Korean city of Busan.\nOn Monday, the Japanese ambassador and consul general to South Korea were called home in protest.\nThe two countries reached a bilateral agreement in December of 2015 to resolve the contentious issue over the Korean women, who were forced to work as prostitutes in Japanese military brothels during World War II.\nIn the settlement, Prime Minister Shinzo Abe issued an agreed-upon apology and Japan donated $8 million to support the surviving comfort women. South Korea also agreed to try to facilitate Japan\u2019s request to remove a \u201ccomfort woman\u201d statue erected across from the Japanese Embassy in Seoul.\nSeoul contends the statues fall outside the agreement as they belong to private organizations and not to the state, but Tokyo sees them as violations of the spirit of the agreement.\nYoumi Kim and Han Sang-mi in Seoul contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A man in South Korea watches a TV news program showing a missile launch conducted by North Korea, Oct. 20, 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/91D6639B-9D2B-497F-BF01-CE296812F1AE.jpg",
        "id": "23933_2",
        "answer": [
            "the United States"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "missile"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_09_3668510",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_09_3668510_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in the middle of the image also give away?",
        "context": "African Union Summit Opens in Ethiopia\nThe 29th biannual African Union summit opened in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Monday with Zimbabwean President Robert Mugabe presenting a $1 million donation to the body in a push for self-sufficiency.\nAbout 60 percent of the African Union's budget comes from foreign donors, including the European Union, World Bank and non-member countries.\nMugabe, who has ruled Zimbabwe since its independence in 1980, has repeatedly called on the bloc to become self-supporting.\n\"Africa needs to finance its own programs,\" he said in comments to Zimbabwe's state television. \"Institutions like the AU cannot rely on donor funding as the model is not sustainable.\"\nMugabe pledged 300 cows from his personal herd to the AU last year. The cattle, along with hundreds more donated from his supporters, were auctioned off in May with the proceeds presented to the AU on Monday.\nThe African Union has a 2017 budget of $782 million. In July 2016, AU leaders agreed to impose a 0.2 percent levy on certain imports to cover its operational costs.\nMeanwhile, AU chairperson Moussa Faki Mahamat said peace and security issues on the continent continue to cause worry.\n\"The situation in South Sudan, Somalia, Libya, the Central African Republic, the fragile relations between Djibouti and Eritrea, the difficulties in the application of peace accords in Mali, where the Jihadi terrorism is active, the political situations in certain African countries, such as the Democratic Republic of Congo, Burundi, Guinea-Bissau, are sufficient in justifying these worries.\"\nThe two-day summit is centered on the theme of investing in youth.\n",
        "caption": "Zimbabwe's President, Robert Mugabe (C) gives a $1 million cheque to the African Union Foundation during the 29th African Union Summit in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, July 3, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/57B361C5-40E3-422A-9AB6-72370DFDF2E5.jpg",
        "id": "20032_1",
        "answer": [
            "300 cows from his personal herd",
            "300 cows",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Mugabe",
            "Robert Mugabe"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_03_3926672",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_03_3926672_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "How are the people in the image described as?",
        "context": "Aide to France's Le Pen Says Putin Wished Her 'Good Luck' With Election\nPARIS \u2014\u00a0\nRussian President Vladimir Putin wished French far-right leader Marine Le Pen \"good luck\" for next month's presidential election, a close aide to the National Front candidate said after the two met in the Kremlin on Friday.\n\"He wished her good luck for the presidential election,\" Ludovic de Danne, who took part in the meeting, told Reuters from Moscow.\n\"We felt they understood each other, they were on the same wave length,\" he said in a phone interview.\nThe meeting lasted about an hour and a half, and focused mostly on international affairs including the fight against terrorism and very little on the French election, de Danne said.\nDe Danne, who advises Le Pen on international affairs for her presidential bid, added that the pair did not discuss the financing of Le Pen's campaign.\nLast week, Le Pen's party mocked centrist candidate and favorite Emmanuel Macron for traveling to Berlin to meet German Chancellor Angela by Merkel. \"Mr. Macron is in a competition with Mr. Fillon to be Mrs. Merkel's top vassal,\" said Florian Philippot, Le Pen's deputy, at the time.\nAsked how the Putin-Le Pen meeting was different from the Macron-Merkel one, de Danne said: \"Macron-Merkel it's the declining establishment, Le Pen and Putin represent the freedom of the people, cooperation in a multi-polar world.\"\n",
        "caption": "Russian President Vladimir Putin meets with Marine Le Pen, French National Front (FN) political party leader and candidate for the French 2017 presidential election, in Moscow, Russia, March 24, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/2B9A7C09-1930-4CB6-8F62-7199541A7D13.jpg",
        "id": "4490_1",
        "answer": [
            "the freedom of the people, cooperation in a multi-polar world",
            "Le Pen and Putin represent the freedom of the people"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Vladimir Putin meets with Marine Le Pen",
            "Le Pen and Putin"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_24_3780533",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_24_3780533_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person with the red tie in the image used to be?",
        "context": "Senate Confirms Carson as Housing Head, Perry for Energy\nTwo of President Donald Trump's former rivals for the GOP White House nomination won Senate confirmation Thursday to join his administration.\nRetired neurosurgeon Ben Carson was confirmed as secretary of the Department of House and Urban Development on a vote of 58-41. A few hours later, the Senate backed former Texas Gov. Rick Perry to be energy secretary, 62-37.\nCarson and Perry are the 17th and 18th of Trump's 22 Cabinet and Cabinet-level nominations to win Senate approval.\nWATCH: Housing Secretary Ben Carson sworn in\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nBen Carson Sworn in as Housing Secretary\nShare this video\n0:02:19\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:19\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 6.8MB\n360p | 11.7MB\n480p | 66.8MB\nCarson has never held public office and has no housing policy experience. Republicans have praised the life story of a man who grew up in inner-city Detroit with a single mother who had a third-grade education.\nPerry, who once pledged to eliminate the department, has repeatedly promised be an advocate for the agency and to protect the nation's nuclear stockpile. Perry also pledged to rely on federal scientists, including those who work on climate change.\nWATCH: Energy Secretary Rick Perry sworn in\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nRick Perry Sworn in as Energy Secretary\nShare this video\n0:01:55\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:55\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 5.6MB\n360p | 9.4MB\n480p | 51.8MB\nPerry, who served 14 years at Texas governor, has said he will seek to develop American energy in all forms, from oil, gas and nuclear power to renewable sources such as wind and solar power.\nDemocrats say they accept Perry's disavowal of his 2011 pledge to abolish the department, but they worry he may not stand up to GOP proposals to slash the department's budget.\nCarson, 65, will lead an agency with some 8,300 employees and a budget of about $47 billion. The department provides billions of dollars in housing assistance to low-income people through vouchers and public housing. It also enforces fair housing laws and offers mortgage insurance to poorer Americans through the Federal Housing Administration, part of HUD.\nTrump lauded Carson last week, calling him a \"totally brilliant neurosurgeon\" who has saved many lives.\n\"Ben is going to work with me very, very closely. And HUD has a meaning far beyond housing. If properly done, it's a meaning that's as big as anything there is, and Ben will be able to find that true meaning and the true meaning of HUD as its Secretary,\" Trump said.\nCarson has not shared specific plans publicly for the department under his leadership.\nAt his confirmation hearing, he told lawmakers that he envisioned forging a more \"holistic approach\" to helping people and developing \"the whole person.\" He didn't offer many details.\nPerry, 66, told a Senate committee that he regrets his infamous statement about abolishing the department and insisted it performs critical functions, particularly in protecting and modernizing the nation's nuclear stockpile.\nDuring Perry's tenure as governor, Texas maintained its traditional role as a top driller for oil and natural gas, while also emerging as the leading producer of wind power in the United States and a top provider of solar power.\nUnder questioning from Democrats, Carson said HUD's rental assistance is \"essential\" to millions of Americans and that the department has a lot of good programs. But he added, \"We don't want it to be way of life. ... We want it to be a Band-Aid and a springboard to move forward.\"\nHe also said he'd like to see more partnerships with the private sector and religious groups.\nThe soft-spoken Carson, the only black major-party candidate in the White House race, grew up poor. He went on to attend Yale University and the University of Michigan Medical School before becoming the first African-American named as the head of pediatric neurosurgery at Johns Hopkins Children's Center in Baltimore.\nIn 1987, Carson became famous for pioneering surgery to separate twins joined at the back of the head. In 2013, he entered the national political spotlight during the National Prayer Breakfast when he railed against the modern welfare state, with President Barack Obama sitting just feet away.\nGOP Sen. Lisa Murkowski of Alaska, who leads the Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee, said Perry was a strong leader with a record of getting results.\nDemocrats and environmental groups have derided Perry's nomination, calling him a steep drop-off from the two renowned physicists who preceded him as energy chief, Steven Chu and Ernest Moniz.\nPerry earned a bachelor's degree in animal science from Texas A&M University, where he was also a member of the Corps of Cadets and a Yell Leader.\n",
        "caption": "Rick Perry, left, and Ben Carson applaud on Capitol Hill in Washington, Feb. 28, 2017, before President Donald Trump's address to a joint session of Congress. Perry was confirmed as energy secretary and Carson as housing and urban development secretary on Thursday.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/29CE63AA-5FF9-4F9F-AFA2-B4746420F1CC.jpg",
        "id": "4925_1",
        "answer": [
            "The head of pediatric neurosurgery at Johns Hopkins Children's Center in Baltimore.",
            "neurosurgeon"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Ben Carson"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_02_3747108",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_02_3747108_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the people like those in the image use to have?",
        "context": "Somalia Court Executes Five Militants for Murders of Officials\nFive al-Shabab militants convicted of murdering senior officials in the north eastern Somalia town of Bossaso have been executed by firing squad.\nThe men were sentenced to death in February by a military court in Bosaso port town, the commercial hub of Puntland, Somali federal member state.\nThe court said the men were involved in identifying possible targets, and carrying out assassinations against officials.\nAbdifitah Haji Adam, Chairperson of Puntland military court, told VOA Somali Service that the court found the suspects guilty and gave them the death penalty two months ago.\n\"The men were al-Shabaab members. They were behind assassinations that happened here in Bososo, including the killing of the director of Puntland State presidency and the General Attorney of the army. They included murderers and accomplices. The court found them guilty and sentenced them to death in February, and today the sentences have been carried out,\" said Adam.\nGroup's leaders targeted\nAl-Shabab, a terrorist group that emerged amid Somalia\u2019s years of chaos, once controlled large swathes of South and Central Somalia.\nU.S. drone strikes killed some of the group\u2019s top leaders, weakening its military power in south and central Somali, causing some of its fighters to spread north to the Puntland mountainous areas to set up bases.\nThe group still is capable of carrying out frequent suicide bombings and assaults on Somalia\u2019s hotels and military targets, proving to be more resilient than expected.\nIn Puntland, the militant group recently assassinated dozens of government officials, including the attorney general of Puntland Military Courts, AbdiKarim Hasan Fidiye, third deputy commander of Puntalnd Police Forces, and the director of the Presidential Palace.\nPresident Donald Trump recently gave the U.S. military more authority to conduct offensive airstrikes on al-Qaida-linked militants in Somalia.\nJournalist sentenced\nMeanwhile, a court in Hargeisa, the capital of Somalia's breakaway northern territory of Somaliland, has sentenced journalist Abdimalik Muse Oldon to two years in prison.\nThe journalist was arrested two months ago for meeting Somalia's new president Mohamed Abdullahi Farmajo in Mogadishu.\nThe court said Oldon was charged with \u201cengaging in anti-national activities, spreading \"false\" news and disturbing public order.\u201d\nThe chairman of Somaliland's independent human rights group based in Hargeisa, Guled Ahmed Jama, who is also the defense lawyer of the journalist has described the sentence as unfair and unconstitutional.\n\u201cThe journalist did nothing against Somaliland and meeting with someone supporting is not constitutionally illegal. We see the sentence as \u201cunfair\u201d and we are appealing,\u201d the attorney told VOA.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Al-Shabab fighters are seen marching with their weapons during exercises on the outskirts of Mogadishu, Somalia. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/A9ECA62F-6207-41CF-A34B-BED500B1074C.jpg",
        "id": "7680_1",
        "answer": [
            "large swathes of South and Central Somalia",
            "large swathes of South and Central Somalia."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Al-Shabab",
            "Al-Shabab fighters"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_08_3802138",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_08_3802138_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person wearing the blue tie in the image doing?",
        "context": "VP Pence Reassures Europe US Remains Staunch Ally\nU.S. Vice President Mike Pence says he is looking \"very much forward\" to his talks Monday with European Union and NATO leaders. \nPence is on his first trip to Europe since taking office, intending to reassure allies the United States remains a staunch friend amid concerns about the new administration's \"America First\" strategy. \nThe vice president's schedule includes meetings with EU foreign policy chief Federica Mogherini, EU Council President Donald Tusk and EU Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker. \nMogherini said after meeting U.S. officials in Washington last week that maintaining multilateral sanctions on Russia, keeping the Iran nuclear agreement in place and addressing the refugee crisis are issues the EU would like to collaborate on with the U.S. EU officials will also likely seek clarity on Trump's prediction last month in two European newspaper interviews that other countries would follow Britain and leave the alliance.\nU.S. Vice President Mike Pence, fourth from left, and his wife Karen, third from left, visit the memorial site in the former Nazi concentration camp in Dachau near Munich, southern Germany, Feb. 19, 2017,\nIn the afternoon, Pence meets with NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg to close his European trip. \nHe expressed support for NATO at the alliance's security conference Saturday in Munich, adding reassurances after Trump's campaign statements describing NATO as \"obsolete.\"\nGermany Security ConferenceU.S. Vice President Mike Pence, left, and German Chancellor Angela Merkel meet for bilateral talks on the sidelines of the Munich Security Conference in Munich, Germany, Feb. 18, 2017.\n\"The United States of America strongly supports NATO and will be unwavering in our commitment to our transatlantic alliance,\" Pence said in his first major foreign policy address for the new administration.\nPence, his wife, Karen, and daughter Charlotte visited the Dachau concentration camp memorial early Sunday. The camp was established by the Nazi government in 1933 near Munich.\nThe Pence family paid tribute to the International Memorial at the center of camp, placing a wreath. They also visited a Jewish memorial and a Catholic memorial on the grounds, toured the barracks, a crematorium, and a gas chamber.\nPence acknowledged his extremely busy schedule during a surprise meeting in Munich Saturday with rock band U2 frontman Bono. After Pence thanked Bono for \"the chance to get together,\" Bono said, \"You're the second busiest man on earth, so we really do appreciate it,\" as onlookers laughed.\n",
        "caption": "U.S. Vice President Mike Pence, fourth from left, and his wife Karen, third from left, visit the memorial site in the former Nazi concentration camp in Dachau near Munich, southern Germany, Feb. 19, 2017,",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/534EED6C-3B80-46B7-BBD5-D01B0C2C11F1.jpg",
        "id": "24272_2",
        "answer": [
            "his first trip to Europe"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Pence"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_19_3731032",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_19_3731032_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What weapon has been used to cause the condition of structures like the one shown in the image?",
        "context": "What Is the Haqqani Network?\nAfghan officials are blaming Wednesday's massive truck bombing that killed more than 100 and injured over 400 in the Afghan capital on the Taliban-affiliated and al-Qaida-linked Haqqani network. Here's what is known about the group:\nWhat is the Haqqani network?\nThe Haqqani network is a militant group that continues to fight Afghan and U.S. forces in Afghanistan. Afghan officials and international terrorism authorities consider it the most lethal terrorist group in Afghanistan. It has been blamed for some of the deadliest violence in the country, including attacks on embassies in Kabul, the Afghan parliament building, local residents and U.S. military bases.\nWhen was the network founded?\nJalaluddin Haqqani, a former anti-Soviet commander in Afghanistan, formed the network. In 1995, he pledged allegiance to the Taliban, which emerged a year earlier from a network of madrassas in Afghanistan and Pakistan. The network became a component of the Taliban and helped it capture the capital, Kabul, in 1996. Haqqani was appointed minister of tribal affairs, a position he held through 2001, when the U.S. invasion of Afghanistan ousted the Taliban.\nHaqqani is believed to have studied in the Dar al-Ulum Haqqaniyaa madrassa in Pakistan, which is widely known for links to, and has publicly expressed sympathies for, the Taliban. One of his two wives is from the United Arab Emirates. He is held in high regard in largely Sunni Gulf Arab states.\nWho leads the network?\nBecause of ill health, Haqqani handed over operational control of the group to his son, Sirajuddin, who also acts as deputy leader of the Taliban. Khalil al-Rahman Haqqani, a U.S.-designated foreign terrorist, is a major fundraiser for the network. He has reportedly engaged in weapons training and distribution by the network, according to a Stanford University research paper on the group.\nAnas Haqqani, a senior leader of the Haqqani network, arrested by the Afghan Intelligence Service in Khost province, is seen in this handout picture released Oct. 16, 2014.\nAnas Haqqani, Jalaluddin Haqqani's son from his Emirati wife, is in Afghan custody and has been sentenced to death by a local court. The Taliban has warned of \"disastrous consequences\" if Anas is executed.\nWhere is the network based?\nThe group is reportedly based in Miram Shah, a town in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas in northern Pakistan where it operates base camps for conducting activities, including weapons acquisitions, training of suicide bombers and logistical planning for military operations, according to media reports. Kabul and U.S. officials have long accused Pakistan's Inter-Services Intelligence of covertly providing sanctuaries to the Afghan Taliban and the Haqqani network. Pakistan denies any links.\nHow large is the network?\nAccording to various estimates, the number of group members ranges from 3,000 to over 10,000. The network is reportedly well-funded with support from various sources, including from wealthy Arab Gulf individuals. Haqqani and his sons have frequently traveled to the Arab Gulf countries to solicit funds. Haqqani, who speaks fluent Arabic, established personal connections with many individuals and organizations in the Arab Gulf region. The network has also generated funds through criminal activities such as smuggling of Afghan mineral supplies.\nFILE - Weapons and ammunition seized are presented to the media along with insurgents suspected of being from the Haqqani network at the National Directorate of Security (NDS) headquarters in Kabul, May 30, 2013.\nHow is the network linked to militant groups?\nIn addition to its Taliban ties, the network has forged alliances with several militant groups, including al-Qaida, Tehreek-i-Taliban in Pakistan, the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan and Pakistan-based Lashkar-e-Taiba, which has been accused of orchestrating a 2008 attack in India that killed 166 people. The network is believed to be holding several Western nationals, including two faculty members of American University who were abducted from Kabul last year.\nWhat are the possible links to Wednesday's bombing?\n\"The attack has a signature of the Haqqani network,\" Marvin Weinbaum, an analyst at the Middle East Institute in Washington, told VOA's Urdu service. \"They've pulled off some of the most dramatic attacks on Kabul over the last several years. So in that sense, you cannot separate this from the Taliban in general, because Sirajuddin, who heads the Haqqani network, is effectively the military commander of the whole Taliban. ... Of course, the Afghans will identify Haqqani because that's the link to, and they want to pin this on, ISI. Whether or not they were involved is another matter. At least that much is clear \u2014 that it probably was Haqqani network.\"\nAriana, a local Afghan TV channel, reported that two senior members of the Haqqani network executed the bombing with the help of a Pakistani army general, a former Pakistani diplomat in Kabul.\nPakistani Foreign Ministry spokesman Nafees Zakaria, in his weekly news briefing on Thursday, described the Afghan claim of Pakistan's involvement in the Kabul attack as \"baseless.\"\n\"We dismiss Afghanistan's allegations over the Kabul bomb attack,\" he said.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Security forces inspect near the site of an explosion where German Embassy is located in Kabul, Afghanistan, May 31, 2017. A massive explosion rocked a highly secure diplomatic area of Kabul on Wednesday morning, causing scores of casualties.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/2A4C65A4-6A49-4A5D-8B2A-FA809A391AD5.jpg",
        "id": "22910_1",
        "answer": [
            "truck bombing "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Afghan"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_01_3883271",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_01_3883271_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What happened to the people on the photos in the image?",
        "context": "Comfort Women Film Offers Painful Testimony to Wartime Atrocities\n\"When a new Japanese soldier would come, they raped all three of us. They took turns, sometimes once or twice a day. I was so weak I couldn't take it. I was only 14 years old,\" said Grandma Adela in The Apology.\nIt took filmmaker Tiffany Hsiung five years to persuade three former \"comfort women,\" profiled in the documentary The Apology, to give unflinching and painful testimony about their experiences being forced into sexual slavery during World War II.\n\"The war hasn't ended for any of the survivors. And that's what I was really interested in documenting,\" said Hsiung.\nHer film won Best Documentary award at the Busan International Film Festival in South Korea last year, and this week will be featured at the Human Rights Watch Film Festival in New York City.\nThe Apology focuses on the lives of Grandma Adela in the Philippines, Grandma Gil in South Korea, and Grandma Cao in China, who were among the reported 200,000 girls and young women across Asia, known as \"comfort women,\" that were allegedly kidnapped by the Japanese army, imprisoned in military run brothels known as \"comfort stations,\" and forced into prostitution, abused and raped.\nWatch the preview for 'The Apology'\nrenderExternalContent(\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/DTtm2HIvwK4?&&fs=1\")\nHistorical divide\nThe extent of Japanese wartime atrocities committed in Asia continues to be a contentious and politically charged issue. During the administration of Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, some of his nationalist supporters have attempted to downplay past Japanese war crimes in history textbooks and even suggested the \"comfort women\" volunteered to work as prostitutes and were not coerced. \nFor over 20 years, surviving \"comfort women\" and activist supporters in South Korea have conducted weekly protests in front of the Japanese Embassy in Seoul to demand an official public apology that specifically articulates the Japanese government's responsibility for perpetrating these wartime atrocities, and they want official state compensation made to the victims.\nA 2015 \"comfort women\" deal between former South Korean President Park Geun-hye Seoul and Prime Minister Abe had agreed to resolve all grievances, but both the \"comfort women\" and current President Moon Jae-in have rejected the carefully worded statement of apology by Abe and the $8 million Tokyo donation to a victims fund as too vague and insincere.\nAcknowledging truth\nGrandma Gil, one of the South Korean \"comfort woman\" featured in The Apology, is a leading activist seeking justice for the survivors. In the film she travels to Japan on a speaking tour, where she is harassed by conservative protesters calling her a prostitute, but also embraced by teenage girls at a Japanese school who were brought to tears by her story.\n\"For over 70 years I have not lived like a normal person. Would the wound go away if you apologize? No. The scars will remain but my heart can heal. I am waiting for that day,\" Grandma Gil told the Japanese students.\nOn the 70th anniversary of the end of World War II, Prime Minister Abe expressed \"sincere condolences' to victims of Japan's past military aggression, but he also emphasized that \"generations not involved in the conflict should not be burdened with continued apologies.\"\nHsiung said her documentary is not an attempt to place guilt on endless generations of Japanese but to acknowledge the truth and learn from the past.\n\"Just because everyone who has been responsible for that, and committed that, have all passed away, it doesn't mean that that history and those atrocities get lost,\" she said.\nThe Apology also contrasts the outspoken network for South Korean \"comfort women\" with the lack of support and isolation for the survivors in China and the Philippines. China's restrictive political environment in particular has made it difficult for \"comfort women\" supporters to organize.\nHsiung said during the filming of the documentary she became a conduit connecting \"comfort women\" survivors to the wider movement. In one scene in the film Grandma Adela is encouraged to speak out when she watches video of a \"comfort women\" rally in Seoul. \n\"I think when people get to see that they are not alone, it is not an isolated issue, it's not just in their village, it's not just this one grandmother, when they see that it is part of a bigger thing, they feel more inclined to participate,\" said Hsiung.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Students hold portraits of deceased former South Korean \"comfort women\" during a rally in front of Japanese embassy in Seoul, South Korea, December 30, 2015.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/FA6F4C8F-5883-4D20-A659-D37A5EAA5AC4.jpg",
        "id": "27891_1",
        "answer": [
            "sexual slavery"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "comfort women"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_06_3888713",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_06_3888713_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What ideology does the person on the right of the image have?",
        "context": "French Candidates Boost Security Ahead of Tense Vote\nPARIS \u2014\u00a0\nA feel-good Paris concert, a meeting with Muslim leaders and a blowout rally in Marseille - France's presidential candidates are blanketing the country Wednesday with campaign events to try to inspire undecided voters just four days before a nail-biting election.\nCrowds danced on a Paris plaza as Socialist presidential candidate Benoit Hamon held what is seen as a last-chance rally and concert. Hamon is polling a distant fifth place ahead of Sunday's first-round election and has little chance of reaching the decisive May 7 runoff - a failure that could crush his party.\nFrench far-right presidential candidate Marine Le Pen, who has dominated the campaign with her anti-immigration, anti-EU proposals, is appealing to her electoral base in hopes of maintaining a shot at the runoff.\nShe assailed recent governments for failing to stop extremist attacks in recent years and warned on BFM television that \u201cwe are all targets. All the French.\u201d\nThe candidates have increased security in recent days. Authorities announced Tuesday that they had arrested two Islamic radicals suspected of plotting a possible attack around the vote.\nIndependent centrist candidate Emmanuel Macron reached out to the French Muslim community Wednesday, saying it's fighting on a \u201ccommon front\u201d alongside the state against Islamic extremism.\nElite police officers arrive during searches in Marseille, southern France, April 18, 2017. Security concerns shook France's presidential campaign Tuesday as authorities announced arrests in a thwarted attack on the eve of the vote.\nMacron met with the head of leading French Muslim group CFCM, Anouar Kbibech. In a statement afterward, Macron insisted on the importance of respecting France's secular traditions but said they shouldn't be used to target Muslims. Some Muslims feel unfairly targeted by French laws banning headscarves in schools and full-face veils in public.\nAlso Wednesday, the Grand Mosque of Lyon issued an appeal urging Muslims to cast ballots instead of isolating themselves, \u201cso that all the children of France, regardless of their skin color, their origins or their religion, are fully involved in the future of their country.\u201d\nLe Pen also defended her decision to force national news network TF1 to take down the European flag during an interview Tuesday night.\nShe said Wednesday that \u201cI am a candidate in the election for the French republic\u201d and that Europe is acting like France's \u201cenemy.\u201d\nAccusing the EU of taking away France's sovereignty and hurting its economy, she wants to pull France out of the EU and the euro - which would devastate the bloc and badly disrupt financial markets.\n",
        "caption": "A man walks past campaign posters featuring French presidential candidates Benoit Hamon, left, Emmanuel Macron, center, and Marine Le Pen in Paris, France, April 17, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D94098F9-68B1-4BDF-8E1B-85394D73B472.jpg",
        "id": "17912_1",
        "answer": [
            "far-right",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Marine Le Pen"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_19_3817917",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_19_3817917_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What other places is the country of the person in the image in a pact with?",
        "context": "Venezuelan Opposition Protests Again Amid Sustained Anti-Maduro Demonstrations\nCARACAS \u2014\u00a0\nVenezuelan opposition supporters took to the streets again on Monday to protest a grinding economic crisis and an erosion of democracy under leftist President Nicolas Maduro, in the first sustained wave of anti-government demonstrations in three years.\nA Supreme Court decision in late March to assume the functions of the opposition-led congress sparked outcry among a population already suffering from triple-digit inflation and widespread shortages of basic goods.\nThe court quickly overturned the most controversial part of its decision but the move triggered condemnation at home and abroad, as did Friday's news that the national comptroller had banned politician Henrique Capriles - seen as the opposition's best hope in a presidential election scheduled for next year - from office for 15 years.\nBrazilian Foreign Minister Aloysio Nunes and Organization of American States chief Luis Almagro called on Venezuela on Monday to restore full democracy and set a timeline for elections, increasing diplomatic pressure on Maduro.\nFour nationwide protests in the last 10 days degenerated into clashes between security forces and youths throwing rocks.\nBolivarian National Guard officers advance towards demonstrators during a protest in Caracas, Venezuela, April 10, 2017.\nProtesters led demonstrations in several cities on Monday, blocking the main highway through Caracas in the morning until they were dispersed by National Guard troops firing tear gas.\n\"It's working, the government is scared and making mistakes like banning Capriles, because that generates more support for him,\" said homemaker Imelda Guerrero, 66, who said her three children have emigrated due to the crisis.\n\"But this is will be a long struggle, it's only just starting,\" she added in Caracas.\nOpposition Demands Elections\nA smaller group later moved to the upscale Altamira district, a common site for protests during the last 15 years, where demonstrators set up barricades of tires and burning trash along a major avenue.\nA Reuters witness saw securities forces on motorcycles detain a half-dozen of those involved.\nThe opposition is demanding a date for gubernatorial elections that were supposed to take place last year, as well as a timeline for future elections including the presidential vote, which is constitutionally mandated for 2018.\nDespite the surge in protests, many Venezuelans are pessimistic that marches can bring about change, scared of violent clashes, or simply too busy trying to find food.\nFILE - Venezuela's President Nicolas Maduro gestures during a meeting with supporters in Caracas, March 31, 2017. (Miraflores Palace/Handout)\nMaduro's unpopular government accuses the opposition of fomenting violence to lay the ground for a foreign invasion.\nSome 188 protesters, most of them students, were arrested in the period April 4-8 and 57 are still behind bars, rights group Penal Forum said on Monday.\nNine people, including two teenagers, were arrested for breaking into an office of the Supreme Court and vandalizing it at the end of Saturday's march. And a 19-year-old was shot dead in violence around protests on Thursday.\nThe government has come under increased pressure from American and European countries that have condemned violence in Venezuela and the ban on Capriles.\nMaduro, a former bus driver and union leader who accuses foreign countries of \"meddling,\" traveled to communist ally Cuba on Sunday for a meeting of the ALBA bloc, which includes Venezuela's leftist allies in Latin America including Nicaragua, Bolivia and Cuba.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Venezuela's President Nicolas Maduro gestures during a meeting with supporters in Caracas, March 31, 2017. (Miraflores Palace/Handout)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/5FCD5CB0-B902-46F2-984D-818A9892136B.jpg",
        "id": "869_3",
        "answer": [
            "Latin America including Nicaragua, Bolivia and Cuba",
            "Nicaragua, Bolivia and Cuba"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Venezuela",
            "Venezuela's"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_10_3804574",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_10_3804574_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What was the event like that shadows the people in the image?",
        "context": "Filipinos Rally Marking Revolt That Toppled Dictator Marcos\nThousands of protesters gathered Saturday in the Philippines capital of Manila to mark the anniversary of the People Power revolution that unseated dictator Ferdinand Marcos 31 years ago.\nProtesters marched through the streets to the People Power democracy shrine in Manila, which marks the spot where millions of Filipinos gathered in 1986 in a mostly peaceful uprising to remove Marcos from power.\nThe uprising served as a model for later peaceful revolts throughout the world and brought an end to a 20-year rule marked by corruption, scandals and human rights abuses.\nThe event is celebrated annually in the Philippines, though this year the government commemoration ceremony was relatively modest. President Rodrigo Duterte did not attend the event. He instead chose to spend the weekend at his southern home in Davao.\nDuterte, last year, allowed Marcos\u2019s body to be buried in a heroes\u2019 cemetery, which led to massive outcry among Filipinos who opposed the dictator.\nSupporters of Duterte held their own rally in Manila on Saturday, praying for the success of Duterte\u2019s war against drugs, which has led to the reported killing of at least 2,555 suspected drug dealers since he took office last year. Another 4,000 people have been killed during the crackdown under unexplained circumstances.\n",
        "caption": "A protester displays her message during a rally at the Heroes Cemetery to protest the interment on its grounds last year of late Philippine dictator Ferdinand Marcos, as the nation marks the 31st anniversary of the People Power revolution that ended his 20-year-rule, Feb. 25, 2017, in suburban Taguig city, east of Manila, Philippines.The placard reads: \"Block Dictatorship!\"",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/5556182F-92DD-4B9F-9220-810971058A7F.jpg",
        "id": "19675_1",
        "answer": [
            "later peaceful revolts throughout the world",
            "None",
            "mostly peaceful uprising"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Protesters",
            "People Power revolution"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_25_3739804",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_25_3739804_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who will not be able to hinder the activity shown in the image?",
        "context": "Los Angeles Street Vendors Eager to Be Legal \nLOS ANGELES, CALIF. \u2014\u00a0\nFor years, immigrant advocates here have urged the city to legalize street vending. Many newcomers \u2013 including some who lack the legal documentation to get a job \u2013 sell produce, crafts and other items on the sidewalk while trying to gain an economic foothold.\nIn mid-February, the city council unanimously approved a plan to decriminalize sidewalk sales that in the past could bring charges putting undocumented sellers at risk of deportation. The council voted in January to draft an ordinance to legalize the practice.\nMerced Sanchez, who\u2019s among at least 10,000 vendors estimated to work in the city, credits President Donald Trump for prodding the council\u2019s decision. Since taking office January 20, the Republican leader has acted quickly to follow through on a campaign pledge to crack down on illegal immigration. In mid-February, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security released new plans expanding the pool of illegal immigrants who would be subject to deportation. \n\"I thank Mr. Donald Trump,\" Sanchez said. \"Thanks to him, the council mobilized. This means peace. It means being able to sell without fearing that the police will show up.\"\nDeveloping a permit process and other regulations could take months, the Los Angeles Times reported, citing city personnel.\nMeanwhile, street vending still is considered a misdemeanor. Offenders could face administrative fines starting at $250 for a first offense, $500 for a second and $1,000 for a third, Frank Mateljan, a spokesman for the city attorney\u2019s office, told VOA in an email.\nBut the city council\u2019s vote means vendors no longer would be threatened with criminal charges, which carry penalties of up to six months in jail and $1,000 in fines.\nThe city filed 30 criminal cases in 2016, Mateljan said. He noted that food trucks fall into a separate category.\nDoug Smith, a staff attorney with the pro bono legal firm Public Counsel and member of the Los Angeles Street Vendor Campaign, applauded the council\u2019s decision. He said the vendor-led campaign had been working with the council on a plan for more than three years.\nAn economic lifeline\n\"For many recent immigrants, street vending is the first step to building a business in the United States,\" Smith said, calling it \"an economic lifeline\" for many others who have been \"shut out of the formal economy.\"\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nL.A.'s Legalization of Street Vending Helps Immigrants Stay on Right Side of Law\nShare this video\n0:02:16\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:16\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 6.4MB\n360p | 10.2MB\n720p | 60.9MB\n1080p | 42.3MB\nBesides decriminalization, the council has committed to developing a permitting system and an amnesty program for people previously charged with vending offenses, Smith said. \"A criminal citation puts a lot of folks at risk for priority deportation and hinders their ability to access benefits and services and eventually acquire citizenship,\" he noted.\nPermits would address concerns about food safety, public health and public access to sidewalks. \n\"It\u2019s good for them to give us a permit,\" said Guadalupe Santiago, who sells hot dogs from a small cart. \"If they ask me for a better cart, I will need to buy it because I know it will be for my own good and for the city\u2019s.\"\nSantiago, a mother of two, said being able to work without fear would more than compensate for the costs of compliance.\nThe city also will need to work out details of what vendors can sell and when and where they can operate.\nA vendor in Los Angeles prepares pupusas, center, and other savory Salvadoran street food. The city council unanimously voted to decriminalize sidewalk sales. (A. Martinez/VOA)\nConcerns about oversight\nNorm Langer, who owns the popular Langer\u2019s Delicatessen in the MacArthur Park district, has mixed feelings about the measure.\n\"It\u2019s a way for them to make a living,\" he said of vendors, noting their permits and sales taxes could generate more revenue for the city and increase foot traffic for other businesses.\n\"The problem I see is there are no funds for enforcement,\" he said.\nLanger fears there\u2019s not enough health department workers to inspect tamale stands or fresh-cut fruit carts, not enough police to patrol and ensure that sidewalk peddlers don\u2019t block pedestrians.\nA Trump supporter, Langer also doesn\u2019t want to make things easy for undocumented people. \"We have laws. ... Laws aren\u2019t written for each group, they\u2019re written for people as a whole.\"\nAttorney Smith said whether they\u2019re immigrants or not, vendors \"buy local, they create jobs. \u2026 In some neighborhoods, they\u2019re the only source of healthy food available.\"\nLegalizing vendors helps the city and its residents, Smith added. \"They\u2019re part of the fabric of this city.\"\nCarol Guensburg contributed to this report. It was prepared by VOA's Spanish Service, at www.voanoticias.com.\n",
        "caption": "Guadalupe Santiago sells hot dogs from a small cart in Los Angeles, California. Once the city sets regulations for vending permits, she plans to upgrade equipment or meet any other requirements. (A. Martinez/VOA)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/35100391-1420-4FF6-9793-C4EA61B1CE98.jpg",
        "id": "17325_1",
        "answer": [
            "the police "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "sell"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_02_3741973",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_02_3741973_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who is in charge of the affairs of the people in the image?",
        "context": "EU Renews Efforts to Limit Migration from Libya \nBRUSSELS \u2014\u00a0\nThe European Union hopes to stop the flow of migrants on the central Mediterranean route by spending more than $214 million to train the Libyan coast guard and fight people smugglers.\nThe European Commission Wednesday outlined the new plan, to be presented in Malta, where heads of state will gather next week.\nMore than 181,000 refugees and migrants crossed the central Mediterranean in 2016, the majority departing from Libya and arriving in Italy. More than 4,500 lost their lives when trying to cross the sea.\nFILE - Migrants try to pull a child out of the water as they wait to be rescued by members of Proactiva Open Arms NGO in the Mediterranean sea, some 12 nautical miles north of Libya, Oct. 4, 2016.\nFederica Mogherini, the EU's high representative on foreign affairs and security, said the new efforts are needed to reduce the migrant flows and to stop the loss of life. Training the Libyan coast guard is key, she said.\n\u201cThe losses of lives we see are more and more in territorial waters of Libya. And so it is a Libyan responsibility to prevent these losses of lives and to dismantle the trafficker\u2019s networks, on the Libyan coast and in the Libyan waters,\u201d Mogherini said.\nFocus on Libya\nThe plan also focuses on strengthening the Libyan borders with neighboring countries such as Chad and Niger, and supporting the United Nations refugee agency and the International Organization for Migration.\nFILE - Sub-Saharan migrants are rescued by members of Proactiva Open Arms NGO at the Mediterranean sea, about 20 miles north of Ra's Tajura, Libya, Jan. 12, 2017.\nAspasia Papadopoulou, with the European Council of Refugees and Exiles, says the EU plan is pushing the migrant crisis onto a country that doesn\u2019t guarantee the fundamental rights of migrants and refugees:\n\u201cMore and more migrants and refugees will be stranded in Libya. And more and more will be sent back to transit and origin countries. More people will be detained and accessing Europe will become more and more difficult for those that need protection.\u201d\nThe EU regards the Government of National Accord as the legitimate Libyan authority. Libya has been unstable since the fall of Moammar Gadhafi\u2019s government in 2011 and different factions are in control of different parts of the country. Poor border control makes it easy for human traffickers and migrants to cross into Libya and smuggling has become a source of income to many.\nDoubts over plan\nMarco Funk is an analyst at the European Policy Center. He doubts the EU plan will work.\n\u201cIt is hard to see how EU support for a weak and unpopular central government could improve conditions for migrants. It could even make things worse, as counter-smuggling activities could effectively amount to an EU-financed crackdown against the ethnic groups running them, thus undermining political stability,\" Funk said.\n\"However, EU engagement could still be effective if it focuses on stabilizing Libya\u2019s political situation by helping the Libyan authorities build trust between ethnic groups,\u201d he added.\nThe EU said the plan could only work if economic development and peace and stability are improved in Africa; but, the EU also stated that it is not trying to replicate its Turkey deal with Libya. Ten months ago, the EU and Turkey agreed to a plan that provides Turkey with billions of dollars in exchange for preventing migrants and refugees from entering EU territory.\nThe EU is also trying to implement pacts with five African countries. Ethiopia, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal and Mali would be offered aid intended to boost economic development, create jobs and provide other aid to reduce migrant flows.\nThe Malta gathering on February 3 will need to convince European heads of state to invest more money to match the more than $214 million, which will be made available from the EU Emergency Trust Fund for Africa.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Sub-Saharan migrants are rescued by members of Proactiva Open Arms NGO at the Mediterranean sea, about 20 miles north of Ra's Tajura, Libya, Jan. 12, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/DE4CC4F4-42DC-4A93-B014-6A62D2E3C484.jpg",
        "id": "24023_3",
        "answer": [
            "Federica Mogherini"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "migrant"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_25_3691673",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_25_3691673_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What occasion shadowed the event in the image?",
        "context": "Brexit Chills EU\u2019s 60th Anniversary Celebration in Rome\nThe European Union celebrated 60 years since its creation with the signing of a new treaty in Rome Saturday, four days ahead of the start of Britain's formal exit from the bloc.\nTwenty-seven countries met to sign a new declaration on Capitoline Hill - where six founding states signed the Treaty of Rome, creating the European Economic Community, in 1957.\n\"Prove today that you are the leaders of Europe, that you can care for this great legacy we inherited from the heroes of European integration 60 years ago,\" EU President Donald Tusk said.\nThough EU leaders renewed their commitments to the bloc looking forward and declared that \"Europe is our common future\", the question of Europe's future without Britain was one of the many looming concerns.\nLeaders of the European Union wait for the start of a meeting in the Orazi and Curiazi Hall at the Palazzo dei Conservatori during an EU summit in Rome, March 25, 2017. European Union leaders were gathering in Rome to mark the 60th anniversary of their f\nBritain absent\nBritish Prime Minister Theresa May was absent from the talks held Saturday, and anti-Brexit demonstrators were among the tens of thousands protesting, both for and against Europe, outside of the meetings in Rome.\nInside the meeting, a point of contention in the Rome Declaration was the introduction of and commitment to a \"multi-speed\" Europe, which would allow countries to adopt certain policies on different timelines.\n\"We will act together, at different paces and intensity where necessary, while moving in the same direction,\" the addition to EU policy reads in the treaty - a concept which has faced opposition from a number of Eastern European states that was introduced by France and Germany.\nPolish Prime Minister Beata Szydlo, who only recently confronted other leaders over the appointment of her predecessor, Tusk's appointment as EU president, only agreed to sign the treaty in the last minutes of the meeting, citing his opposition to the multi-speed addition.\nGreece also held up approval of the document while pushing for a mention of social benefits.\nSecurity in Rome and particularly in Palazzo dei Conservatori, where the meeting took place, was particularly tight in the wake of attacks in London earlier this week.\n",
        "caption": "Leaders of the European Union wait for the start of a meeting in the Orazi and Curiazi Hall at the Palazzo dei Conservatori during an EU summit in Rome, March 25, 2017. European Union leaders were gathering in Rome to mark the 60th anniversary of their f",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/88539CE3-C8E3-4FD0-9B53-C50515179F33.jpg",
        "id": "8754_2",
        "answer": [
            "European Union celebrated 60 years",
            "Britain's formal exit from the bloc"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "EU summit",
            "Rome"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_25_3781492",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_25_3781492_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What place no longer exists that the event in the image took place in?",
        "context": "31 Years Later, Chernobyl Disaster Remembered\nThirty-one years ago this week, the world eyes focused on the Ukrainian city of Chornobyl, where the world's worst nuclear accident was contaminating large swaths of what was then called the Soviet Union. Three years ago, VOA's Steve Herman visited the area, photographing monuments and artifacts near the Chernobyl reactor site.\n",
        "caption": "Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko, left, and Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko visit the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in Chernobyl, Ukraine, marking the 31st anniversary of the Chernobyl nuclear disaster, April 26, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/82F2BD8B-52F2-4DEE-B10B-A384734CEE60.jpg",
        "id": "13998_1",
        "answer": [
            "the Soviet Union",
            "None",
            "Soviet Union"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Chornobyl",
            "Chernobyl nuclear disaster"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_26_3827105",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_26_3827105_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What do the people in the image want?",
        "context": "UN: Indigenous, Environment Rights Under Attack in Brazil\nSAO PAULO, BRAZIL \u2014\u00a0\nThe United Nations says the rights of indigenous people as well environmental and human rights in Brazil are under attack.\nThe office of the U.N. high commissioner for human rights said Thursday that over the last 15 years, Brazil has seen the highest number of killings of indigenous, environmental and land defenders of any country.\nAccording to the Catholic Church's Indigenous Missionary Council, 137 Indians were slain in Brazil in 2015, bringing to 891 the number killed since 2003.\nGlobal Witness, a London-based organization that campaigns for environmental rights, says 50 land and environmental activists were killed in Brazil in 2015.\nDisputes over land frequently turn violent in Brazil. More than 60 people were killed in violence in 2016 stemming from such disputes.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Environmental activists chant slogans during a protest in front of the headquarters of Brazilian mining company Vale SA in downtown Rio de Janeiro, Nov. 16, 2015. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/84FB45BD-692D-456E-9A9F-CE5B570EB31F.jpg",
        "id": "4248_1",
        "answer": [
            "the rights of indigenous people as well environmental and human rights",
            "environmental rights"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "environmental",
            "Environmental activists"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_08_3892858",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_08_3892858_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What group was responsible for the attack that killed the people in the image?",
        "context": "HRW Highlights 'Need for Accountability' as Yemen War Enters Year 2\nHuman Rights Watch says an apparent Saudi-led coalition attack on a boat carrying Somali civilians off the Yemen coast \"highlights the need for accountability\" on the second anniversary of the conflict that has been raging in the country.\nA statement issued Sunday noted that all parties to the conflict have denied responsibility for the attack on the boat that killed more than 30 of 145 Somali migrants and refugees on board. But HRW said only Saudi-led coalition forces have military aircraft.\n\u201cThe coalition\u2019s apparent firing on a boat filled with fleeing refugees is only the latest likely war crime in Yemen\u2019s two-year-long war,\u201d said Sarah Leah Whitson, Middle East director at Human Rights Watch. \u201cReckless disregard for the lives of civilians has reached a new level of depravity.\u201d\nAccording to HRW, four people aboard the boat said that at about 9 p.m. on March 13 they saw a helicopter repeatedly shoot at the boat.\nThe HRW statement came as tens of thousands of Yemenis took to the streets of the capital Sana'a Sunday to protest the Saudi-led military intervention.\nSince March 2015, a Saudi-led coalition has been fighting Iran-allied Houthi rebels and forces loyal to former Yemeni President Ali Abdullah Saleh, and trying to restore to power internationally recognized President Abd-Rabbu Mansour Hadi.\nInformation from Reuters was used in this report.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Bodies of Somali migrants, killed in attack by a helicopter while traveling in a boat off the coast of Yemen, lie on the ground at Hodeida city, Yemen, Mar. 17, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F6A7B995-A2C7-4040-B65E-F2FF102D361F.jpg",
        "id": "1010_1",
        "answer": [
            "Saudi-led coalition"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Somali migrants",
            "attack"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_26_3782466",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_26_3782466_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who is the person with the red tie in the image going to chat with?",
        "context": "Arab Leaders Seek Common Ground at Summit on Palestinian State\nDEAD SEA, JORDAN \u2014\u00a0\nDivided Arab leaders arriving in Jordan for a summit on Wednesday are seeking common ground to reaffirm their commitment to a Palestinian state, a long-standing goal that U.S. President Donald Trump last month put into doubt.\nThe Dead Sea meeting is expected to have a bigger turnout than those of recent Arab summits, Jordanian officials say, and security forces cast a high profile in the capital, Amman, with armored vehicles standing at traffic junctions as leaders flew in.\nWhile they are highly unlikely to bridge rifts over the regional role of Iran or intractable wars in Syria and Yemen, Arab leaders remain united in supporting a two-state solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.\n\"We are concerned that there should be an Arab consensus on the Palestinian file so that this reflects clearly in the discussions of Arab states and their leaders with the new American administration,\" Palestinian Foreign Minister Riyad al-Maliki told Reuters.\nBefore taking office in January, Trump promised to move the U.S. Embassy in Israel from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem \u2014 something adamantly opposed by Arabs as tantamount, in their view, to recognizing Israeli sovereignty over Jerusalem.\nThe Palestinians want Arab East Jerusalem \u2014 which Israel captured in a 1967 war and later annexed in a move not recognized internationally \u2014 as the capital of a future state encompassing the Israeli-occupied West Bank and the Gaza Strip.\nIsraeli-Palestinian peace talks have been frozen since 2014.\nOne-state solution\nDuring a White House news conference with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu last month, Trump also he indicated he was open to a one-state solution to the conflict.\nJordan's King Abdullah II, center, greets Sudan's President Omar al-Bashir, left, upon his arrival at Queen Alia International Airport in Amman, Jordan, March 28, 2017. Bashir is among 21 Arab leaders gathering for a summit.\nThat would be deeply problematic for both sides, as it would mean either two systems for two peoples \u2014 something Palestinians would see as apartheid and endless occupation \u2014 or equal rights for all, which would compromise Israel's Jewish character.\nThe Arab monarchs and presidents attending Wednesday's summit will meet at the Dead Sea, only a few kilometers from the West Bank and with Israeli settlements visible to the naked eye.\nThe United States is sending a representative to the summit, Maliki said. Egyptian President Abdel Fattah el-Sissi and Jordan's King Abdullah are both scheduled to meet Trump soon.\nA draft resolution on Jerusalem, seen by Reuters, would require all Arab states to respond to any move by any country to move its embassy there, without specifying the United States.\n\"The Palestinian issue is the central issue. It is the root cause of conflict in the region and its resolution is the key to peace and stability. We hope we will be able to again relaunch efforts that would get serious negotiations restarted again,\" said Jordanian Foreign Minister Ayman Safadi.\nThe biggest disagreement among Arab countries is over the regional role of Iran, an ally of Syria and Iraq and the Shi'ite Hezbollah movement that dominates Lebanon, but regarded by Saudi Arabia and some other Sunni Muslim states as a bitter adversary.\nShi'ite Iran and Saudi Arabia support opposing sides in the civil wars in Syria and Yemen, which have caused humanitarian catastrophes, and in political and factional disputes simmering for years in Bahrain and Lebanon.\nSunni-Shi'ite tensions\nThe Middle East's political feuds have stoked sectarian tensions between Islam's main Sunni and Shi'ite branches in recent years, contributing to increased militant violence.\nU.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres speaks to refugees during a visit the U.N.-run Zaatari camp for Syrian refugees, in northern Jordan, March 28, 2017. Guterres is to attend an annual Arab summit in Jordan on March 29.\n\"We meet in a difficult Arab era dominated by crisis and conflicts that deprive our region of the security and stability they need to attain our people's rights,\" Safadi said in a meeting with fellow foreign ministers before the summit.\nA Jordanian official told Reuters that the final statement from the summit was expected to include a condemnation of Iran for what it called meddling in internal Arab affairs, and a call to Tehran to refrain from using force or threats. Iran denies any such interference.\nA summit of the Organization for Islamic Cooperation included a similar line in its final statement last year.\nFriction also smolders between Saudi Arabia, the richest Arab state, and Egypt, the most populous one \u2014 close allies for decades before the 2011 Arab Spring uprisings \u2014 over approaches to Syria's war and the demarcation of their marine border.\nThe kingdom's oil giant Saudi Aramco resumed petroleum shipments to Egypt this month, suggesting relations may be improving, and Egypt's Sissi is hoping for a bilateral meeting with King Salman in Amman this week.\n\"There could actually be a product of the Arab summit: a unified attitude towards Washington's policy in Palestine. They might disagree on all other issues, but I think this is the unifying one,\" said Mustafa Alani, an Iraqi security expert with close ties to the Saudi Interior Ministry.\n",
        "caption": "Jordan's King Abdullah II, center, greets Sudan's President Omar al-Bashir, left, upon his arrival at Queen Alia International Airport in Amman, Jordan, March 28, 2017. Bashir is among 21 Arab leaders gathering for a summit.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/156CC430-F521-436F-86D3-D394A6B06DD1.jpg",
        "id": "21553_2",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "Trump"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Jordan's King Abdullah",
            "King Abdullah II"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_28_3785704",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_28_3785704_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person dressed in many colors in the image become?",
        "context": "Modi, Netanyahu End Historic Meetings With Beach Stroll\nIndian Prime Minister Narendra Modi's historic visit to Israel ended in unusually cozy circumstances \u2014 a stroll on the beach with Israeli counterpart Benjamin Netanyahu.\nEven before their barefoot walk along the Mediterranean shore, Netanyahu praised Israel's ties with the world's most populous democracy as a \"marriage made in heaven.\"\nThe two leaders traveled to the beach in the northern city of Hadera Thursday to see a demonstration of a mobile water desalination unit. They toasted before drinking the water out of wine glasses.\nModi then rolled up his pants to wade ankle-deep in the waves, joined by Netanyahu, who did not roll up his pants which were consequently soaked.\nTwitter users have been sharing the photos of the two on the beach, commenting on everything from Netanyahu's hidden ankles to a \"budding bromance\" between the two politicians.\nNetanyahu and Modi also took to Twitter to commemorate the stroll.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;Thank you my friend, PM \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/netanyahu\\\"\\u0026gt;@netanyahu\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt; for the signed photo, your kind words, amazing hospitality \\u0026amp;amp; passion towards \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/IndiaIsraelFriendship?src=hash\\\"\\u0026gt;#IndiaIsraelFriendship\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;. \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://t.co/1jUtMG3F85\\\"\\u0026gt;pic.twitter.com/1jUtMG3F85\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Narendra Modi (@narendramodi) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/narendramodi/status/882963178035978240\\\"\\u0026gt;July 6, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;Israel leads the \ud83c\udf0e in water \u267b\ufe0f\\u0026amp;amp; desalination. We%27ll share our technology with India \\u0026amp;amp; provide clean water for millions. I%27m proud of Israel! \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://t.co/DTY4BQ8RdU\\\"\\u0026gt;pic.twitter.com/DTY4BQ8RdU\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Benjamin Netanyahu (@netanyahu) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/netanyahu/status/882932039380500481\\\"\\u0026gt;July 6, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nIsraeli agriculture and water technologies were a major draw for Indian investment and the subject of a number of deals signed during Modi's visit.\nThe two leaders also announced cooperation on satellite technology and the creation of a $40 million innovation fund during the three-day visit.\nModi is the first Indian government leader to visit Israel, although the two countries have had friendly diplomatic relations for 25 years.\n",
        "caption": "Israel's Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu (R) walks with India's Prime Minister Narendra Modi as they visit Olga Beach and a water desalination unit operated by G.A.L. Water Technologies, near Hadera, Israel, July 6, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F8895A52-B650-48EA-B21D-C4D5131CF65E.jpg",
        "id": "27010_1",
        "answer": [
            "the first Indian government leader to visit Israel"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Modi"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_06_3931106",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_06_3931106_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What happened to the place represented by the bug in the image?",
        "context": " Britain Lowers Threat Level to 'Severe' as Bombing Probe Progresses\nBritain lowered its security threat level Saturday to \"severe,\" Prime Minister Theresa May said, as police continue to make progress investigating the suicide bomb attack in Manchester.\nBritish police say they have arrested two more people in connection with the suicide bombing earlier in the week after an Ariana Grande concert.\nThe Greater Manchester Police said on Twitter they arrested two men \u2014 ages 22 and 20 \u2014 in raids on Saturday. The statement said a \"controlled explosion\" was used to gain entry to the men's address in the Cheetham Hill neighborhood. A police tweet said, \"A total of 11 men remain in custody for questioning.\" \n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p lang=\\\"en\\\" dir=\\\"ltr\\\"\\u0026gt;Statement from \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/CCIanHopkins\\\"\\u0026gt;@CCIanHopkins\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt; about the change in national threat level. \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://t.co/BsyVRbL3rI\\\"\\u0026gt;pic.twitter.com/BsyVRbL3rI\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 G M Police (@gmpolice) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/gmpolice/status/868437802782007297\\\"\\u0026gt;May 27, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nThe level had been raised to \"critical\" \u2014 meaning another attack was thought to be imminent \u2014 after Monday's bombing at the pop concert in Manchester. The downgrade to \"severe\" means an attack still is considered highly likely.\nSoldiers, who have been helping police, will be withdrawn from Britain's streets.\nMark Rowley, head of Britain's counter-terrorism police, said Saturday at a news conference, \u201cWe\u2019re getting a greater understanding of the preparation of the bomb. There is still much more to do, there will be more arrests, there will be more searches, but this greater clarity and this progress has led J-TAC, the independent body that assess threat, to come to the judgement that an attack is no longer imminent. And you\u2019d have heard consequently the prime minister\u2019s announcement therefore the threat level has moved down from critical to severe \u2013 which of course still means that an attack is highly likely.\u201d\nA group of police officers stand outside flats in Hulme, Manchester, May 25, 2017.\nManchester native Salman Abedi, 22, blew himself up in the lobby of Manchester Arena Monday just after pop singer Grande finished her concert.The explosion killed 22 people and wounded at least 116 children and adults. \nA militia in Libya has detained Abedi's father and brother. Details on how they may be tied to the bombing have not been released. \nMany of the victims were young girls, a large part of Grande's fan base.Others were parents who had gone to meet their children after the concert.The youngest victim was 8 years old. \nGrande says she will return to Manchester to do a benefit show to raise money for the victims and their families.No date has yet been set for the concert. \n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p lang=\\\"und\\\" dir=\\\"ltr\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://t.co/c03xrX3iIv\\\"\\u0026gt;pic.twitter.com/c03xrX3iIv\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Ariana Grande (@ArianaGrande) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/ArianaGrande/status/868164986887176192\\\"\\u0026gt;May 26, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\n",
        "caption": "A woman passes a street-art graffiti mural, created following the May 22 terror attack at the Manchester Arena, featuring bees, which are synonymous with Manchester as a symbol of the city's industrial heritage, in Stevenson Square, Manchester.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/DB69A8E5-5BC8-4730-AA2F-CC566B89699E.jpg",
        "id": "25784_1",
        "answer": [
            "bombing at the pop concert"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Manchester"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_27_3873565",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_27_3873565_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What places have been affected by the processes in the image?",
        "context": "Death Toll Rises to at Least 254 in Colombian Flooding, Mudslides\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nFamilies and rescuers searched Sunday for victims of flooding and landslides in southern Colombia that have killed at least 254 people, including children, injured hundreds, and devastated entire neighborhoods.\n\u201cUnfortunately, these are still preliminary figures,\u201d tweeted President Juan Manuel Santos, who traveled to the town of Mocoa again Sunday to supervise relief operations. \u201cWe offer our prayers for all of them. We send our condolences and the entire country's sympathies to their families,\u201d Santos wrote.\nHe blamed climate change for the disaster, saying Mocoa had received one-third of its usual monthly rain in just one night.\nSantos thanked China and the Inter-American Development Bank for donating $1 million and $200,000 respectively toward relief efforts, as well as Germany and Belgium.\nSeveral rivers burst their banks near Mocoa in the early hours of Saturday, sending water, mud and debris crashing down streets and into houses as people slept.\nA handout picture released by the Colombian Army press office shows people helping to carry a woman after mudslides following heavy rains, in Mocoa, Putumayo, on April 1, 2017.\nVolunteers and firefighters tended to 82 bodies downstream in the town of Villagarzon and said many corpses were still caught in debris.\nDisaster officials said more than 500 people were staying in emergency housing and social services had helped 10 lost children find their parents.\nThe catastrophe came after days of torrential rains that left large parts of the region without electrical power or running water.\nPope Francis addressed the tragedy Sunday at the Vatican, saying he was \u201cprofoundly saddened.\u201d \nIn recent months, heavy rains and flooding have struck along the Pacific coast of South America, killing scores of people in Peru and Ecuador.\nMocoa and Villagarzon, Colombia\n",
        "caption": "A man walks among the ruins after flooding and mudslides in Mocoa, Colombia, April 2, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/5FCF73DF-D1B4-4724-872F-3DE0464C32F4.jpg",
        "id": "32495_1",
        "answer": [
            "Peru and Ecuador"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "1"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_02_3792976",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_02_3792976_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What vehicle did the one from the image get close to?",
        "context": "Navy: Russian Jet Came Within 6 Meters of US Spy Plane\nThe United States Navy said Friday that a Russian jet flew within six meters of an American spy plane earlier this week over the Black Sea, but that the encounter was professional.\nThe Russian jet was scrambled to greet the U.S. Navy P-8A Poseidon in international airspace Tuesday as the U.S. plane flew near Russian territory, according to the Russian Defense Ministry.\nThe Russian pilot approached the spy plane \u201cat a safe distance\u201d in order to identify it as a U.S. aircraft, the statement said, noting that the U.S. plane changed its course after the encounter and the Russian jet returned to its base.\nU.S. Navy spokeswoman Pamela Kunze said in a statement the encounter was conducted in a \u201csafe and professional\u201d manner, downplaying the proximity of the Russian aircraft to the U.S. aircraft.\n\"For aviation interactions, distance, speed, altitude, rate of closure, visibility and other factors impact whether an event is characterized as safe or unsafe, professional or not professional,\" she said. \"Every event is unique and any single variable does not define an event.\"\nKunze said that Navy aircraft and ships interact with their Russian counterparts in international waters on a routine basis, but did not provide any further details about Tuesday\u2019s encounter.\nThe incident is the latest in a series of close fly-bys between U.S. and Russian planes. In February, four Russian aircraft buzzed a Navy destroyer in the Black Sea, flying within 91 meters of the ship.\nLast month, the U.S. military intercepted two Russian bombers in international airspace off Alaska\u2019s coast. That encounter was similarly described as \u201csafe and professional\u201d by the Navy.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A P-8A Poseidon aircraft assigned to Patrol Squadron (VP) 16, arrives in Keflavik, Iceland, for anti-submarine warfare training. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/796298E8-DE94-40EE-B998-0049BCDD2C64.jpg",
        "id": "29583_1",
        "answer": [
            "Russian jet"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "P-8A Poseidon"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_12_3849347",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_12_3849347_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What action by the person who wrote the letter in the image makes the success of teh Brexit more difficult?",
        "context": "Rising Brexit 'Bill' Raises Negotiating Stakes \nEU negotiators have hiked possible payment demands for Brexit over recent weeks, officials say, widening the divide between Brussels and London, which questions whether it owes anything at all before talks start next month.\nHours before chief negotiator Michel Barnier was due to give more details on the EU's standpoint, a Financial Times headline saying the EU might seek an upfront payment in 2019 of up to 100 billion euros ($110 billion), drew an immediate rejection from Britain's Brexit Secretary David Davis that he would pay that sum.\nThe European Commission has previously given a ballpark estimate of the bill of about 60 billion euros. The FT said the calculations it referred to would result in a net payment from Britain of roughly that level, after subsequent reimbursements.\nOne senior EU official involved in preparing for the talks after a British election on June 8 said he did not recognize the 100-billion-euro figure, although a number of private calculations of the bill have gone as high or even higher.\nLast month, the Bruegel think-tank in Brussels put the up-front payment for Britain as high as 109 billion euros under one of many scenarios for the calculation. Later reimbursement would bring the net figure to 65 billion, Bruegel's study showed.\nOver the past month, the 27 other member states have drafted negotiating guidelines for the executive Commission that leaders agreed on Saturday. In the course of drafting, governments insisted on clarifying that Britain be made to pay up front for, among other things, contingent liabilities for guarantees on loans made by, for example, the European Investment Bank.\nA document seen by Reuters outlining Barnier's plans for negotiations, showed he has a plan to calculate up-front payment for contingent liabilities, to be repaid later: \"This calculation will also identify the amounts covering or guaranteeing loans which have to be reimbursed to the United Kingdom if uncalled, on the basis of the maturity of the loans.\"\nBarnier has repeatedly said that the final amount cannot be calculated until Britain is leaving, since the EU budget will change. However, EU leaders want agreement on the \"methodology\" for the calculation among several conditions for opening the talks on a future free trade deal that Britain is seeking.\nLeaders hope that agreement could be reached by December.\nHowever, concern is rising in Brussels that talks might collapse as the rhetoric from both sides intensifies and British Prime Minister Theresa May fights a snap election she called last month, increasing the possibility of Britain leaving in a legal limbo in March 2019 that would be damaging all round.\nEuropean Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker was quoted as saying after a dinner with May last week that he saw a major risk of failure as the two sides were so far apart.\nSome EU officials are concerned that governments and the EU institutions may be adding to that risk by loading public demands on Britain when they know that, in the end, a settlement is likely to mean substantial compromise on both sides.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - EU Council President Donald Tusk grimaces at a press conference in Brussels March 29, 2017, showing the letter he received signed by Britain's Prime Minister Theresa May formally triggered the beginning of Britain's exit from the EU.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F85BF44F-6979-47C8-96EA-EC2D5BB7E52D.jpg",
        "id": "26517_1",
        "answer": [
            "a snap election she called last month"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "British Prime Minister Theresa May "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_03_3835698",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_03_3835698_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person on the left of the image still going through with?",
        "context": "Gambia's Barrow: Presidential Inauguration to Proceed as Planned \nGambian president-elect Adama Barrow spokesman confirmed Sunday the upcoming inauguration will take place on January 19, despite President Yahya Jammeh\u2019s refusal to step down from office. \n\"Jammeh's term shall end on the 19th and the same date president-elect Barrow's term begins. Nothing will change that. He will be sworn in and shall assume office on that date without fail,\" spokesman Mai Fatty told AFP.\nBarrow flew into Senegal after West African regional bloc ECOWAS failed to persuade Jammeh to hand over power when his current five-year term of office ends during the coming week.\nFILE - Gambian President Yahya Jammeh meets with with the West Africa head of delegation during the election crisis mediation at the presidential palace Banjul, Gambia, Dec. 13, 2016\n\u201cBarrow is in Dakar as of Sunday, just after midnight,\u201d according to APS agency.\nIt was not immediately clear why the president-elect traveled to Senegal, but sources said he felt vulnerable given a lack of security.\n\u201cThe Senegalese president accepted the request [to host Barrow until inauguration] of his Liberian counterpart Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, the current ECOWAS president,\u201d it added.\nBarrow met Saturday in Mali with world leaders during the annual France-Africa summit in Bamako. The presidents of France and Mali, Ibrahim Boubacar Keita and Francois Hollande, both called on Jammeh to step down when his current five-year term of office ends.\nFILE - Gambia President-elect Adama Barrow, left, speaks to members of the media in Banjul, Gambia, Saturday, Dec. 10, 2016.\nBarrow was officially declared the winner of last month's election by a slim margin.\nJammeh, who has been power in Gambia since a coup in 1994, originally accepted defeat, but later reversed himself and filed suit to challenge the results, citing voting irregularities.\nLegal proceedings\nEdward Gomez, a lawyer for Jammeh\u2019s Alliance for Patriotic Reorientation and Construction, filed a legal complaint against the electoral commission about a week after the election.\nGambia\u2019s Supreme Court was expected to rule on the case January 10, but postponed the ruling until May because it was unsure that a peaceful political transition would take place.\n\u201cThe inauguration of the president elect should be held when Jammeh\u2019s term officially ends. The court does not have any mandate to put an inauguration on hold,\u201d Aziz Bensouda, secretary general of the Gambia Bar Association, told Reuters.\nBensouda added that an injunction would be unconstitutional.\nHuman rights\nUnder Jammeh, the Gambian government has been accused of numerous human rights abuses, including arbitrary arrests, torture and forced disappearances.\nFILE - Gambia's President Yahya Jammeh attends the plenary session of the Africa-South America Summit on Margarita Island, Sept. 27, 2009.\nJammeh indicated that he will attempt to wait until the Supreme Court ruling is handed down before he accepts the election results.\nThe African Union Peace and Security Council also released a statement saying it will cease to recognize Jammeh as a legitimate president after Jan. 19.\nIn addition, the council cited \"serious consequences in the event that his action causes any crisis that could lead to political disorder, humanitarian and human rights disaster, including loss of innocent lives and destruction of properties.\"\nIf Jammeh refuses to relinquish power, it will put him on a path to confrontation with Barrow and ECOWAS, which has placed its military force on standby if Jammeh does not step down as scheduled.\nJammeh, however, has warned the international community not to get involved.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Gambia President-elect Adama Barrow, left, speaks to members of the media in Banjul, Gambia, Saturday, Dec. 10, 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/5E35A7E4-1829-4AC9-88CD-24806057DC1F.jpg",
        "id": "20950_3",
        "answer": [
            "inauguration",
            "None",
            "the upcoming inauguration"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Adama Barrow"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_15_3676959",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_15_3676959_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "Up what is the structure in the image located that caused the evacuation?",
        "context": "Islamic State Warns Syrian Dam at Risk, Evacuates Residents\nBEIRUT, LEBANON \u2014\u00a0\nThe Islamic State group ordered residents to evacuate the Syrian city of Raqqa on Sunday following reports that a dam contested by U.S.-backed forces upstream on the Euphrates River could collapse, activists reported.\nThe militants said coalition airstrikes had weakened the Tabqa Dam, some 40 kilometers (25 miles) west of Raqqa, and that the water level behind the dam was rising. The extremists captured the city from Syrian rebels in 2014 and it now serves as the capital of the group's self-styled Islamic caliphate.\nCivilians began fleeing midday, according to the activist-run Raqqa is Being Slaughtered Silently.\nThe Britain-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, an opposition-run monitoring group, on Sunday reported that the IS-held dam was out of service for unknown reasons.\nThe two groups rely on local contacts to smuggle information out of IS-held territory.\nThe U.S.-led coalition battling IS could not immediately be reached for comment.\nThe reports from Raqqa came as a leading Syrian opposition group called on the U.S.-led coalition to stop targeting residential areas in and around the city.\nThe Syrian National Coalition said in a statement that it was \"increasingly concerned\" about civilian casualties in the campaign against the extremist group. The exiled opposition coalition is taking part in U.N.-mediated talks in Geneva.\nThe SNC said it believed coalition forces were behind an airstrike that killed at least 30 civilians sheltering in a school in the countryside outside Raqqa on March 21. The coalition has said it is investigating.\nThe U.S. has provided substantial air and ground support to the Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces, who are closing in on Raqqa as well as the Tabqa Dam.\nThe Britain-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights said coalition airstrikes have killed 89 civilians in the Raqqa province in the past week, including 35 in the Badya school, in the village of Mansoura.\n",
        "caption": "The Islamic State group orders residents to evacuate the Syrian city of Raqqato, March 26, 2017, saying coalition airstrikes had weakened the Tabqa Dam, some 40 kilometers (25 miles) west of Raqqa. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/0DA993E1-A47C-43A7-9536-87C28F29866D.jpg",
        "id": "102_1",
        "answer": [
            "Euphrates River",
            "the Tabqa Dam"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "the Syrian city of Raqqato",
            "dam",
            "Tabqa Dam"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_26_3782356",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_26_3782356_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What role did the person in the middle of the image have?",
        "context": "Republican Divisions Deepen on Health Care\nCAPITOL HILL \u2014\u00a0\nA Republican plan to eliminate and replace major portions of former President Barack Obama's signature domestic achievement, the Affordable Care Act, has been savaged since its release earlier this week on Capitol Hill, presenting an early test of Republican governance.\n\"Unconstitutional \u2026 dead on arrival.\"\n\"A step in the wrong direction \u2026 a missed opportunity.\"\n\"Horse excrement.\"\nWatch: Republican Fractures Could Hurt Trump's Agenda\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nRepublican Fractures Could Hurt Trump's Agenda\nShare this video\n0:02:28\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:28\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 7.2MB\n360p | 10.9MB\n720p | 66.5MB\n1080p | 47.0MB\nThose words were uttered by Republicans: Senator Rand Paul of Kentucky, Senator Mike Lee of Utah, and Congressman Louie Gohmert of Texas, respectively.\nDemocrats also have blasted the plan, but rifts among Republicans, who control both houses of Congress, ultimately could sink their party's push to make good on a central promise to voters: repealing and replacing Obamacare.\n\u201cRepublicans are not expecting to get any Democratic votes, so they have to figure out how to resolve internal divisions in order to have any hope of getting anything done,\u201d said political analyst Molly Reynolds of the Washington-based Brookings Institution.\nVice President Mike Pence speaks to the Latino Coalition's \"Make Small Business Great Again Policy Summit\" in Washington, March 9, 2017.\nBackers of bill undaunted\nSo far, backers of the bill \u2014 the American Health Care Act \u2014 are undaunted.\n\"The president [Donald Trump] supports the American Health Care Act (AHCA),\u201d said Vice President Mike Pence during a visit Tuesday to Capitol Hill, adding that he was \u201cvery confident\u201d the legislation will become law.\n\u201cThis is monumental, exciting conservative reform,\u201d said House Speaker Paul Ryan of Wisconsin, one of many architects of the Republican bill. \u201cIt repeals Obamacare's taxes, it repeals Obamacare's spending, it repeals Obamacare's mandates.\u201d\nAs a candidate and as president, Donald Trump repeatedly branded Obamacare \u201ca disaster.\u201d Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell of Kentucky said Republicans have no choice but to repeal it.\n\u201cThe status quo is unsustainable. We cannot sit on our hands and do nothing,\u201d McConnell said.\nSenate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell of Ky., joined at left by Sen. John Barrasso, R-Wyo., speaks with reporters after meeting with Vice President Mike Pence as Republicans roll out their Obamacare replacement plan, March 7, 2017.\nRepublicans far from united\nBut if Republicans are united in portraying the Affordable Care Act, also known as Obamacare, as a catastrophic government intrusion into America's health care system, they are anything but united about what should replace it.\nFor members of the ultra-conservative Freedom Caucus, the Republican bill preserves too much of existing law.\n\u201cThere were many things that were in Obamacare that are still in the [Republican] bill,\u201d Paul told Bloomberg Television. \u201cThe major taxes, all of them, are kept for a year. This is Obamacare-Lite.\u201d\nFor moderate Republicans, the AHCA goes too far in dismantling the status quo. Senator Rob Portman of Ohio was one of four Republicans who wrote to McConnell expressing concern that a key Obamacare provision, expanding a federal health care program for the poor, would be gutted under the Republican plan, causing \u201ca reduction in access to life-saving health care services.\u201d\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-partner=\\\"tweetdeck\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;1. House health-care bill can%27t pass Senate w/o major changes. To my friends in House: pause, start over. Get it right, don%27t get it fast.\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Tom Cotton (@TomCottonAR) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/TomCottonAR/status/839791318020866048\\\"\\u0026gt;March 9, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nA wasted opportunity?\nPolitical analysts note that Republicans promised for years to end Obamacare, but they waited until now to unveil detailed legislation to replace it. By not building party consensus ahead of time, Republicans ensured that rifts would emerge.\n\u201cThere were certainly [Republican] plans that came out, but they didn't do the hard work to get together on one page about what this [repeal and replace plan] would actually look like,\u201d said Reynolds.\nThe Republican plan scored a minor victory Thursday when a House panel voted to scuttle an Obamacare requirement that Americans purchase health care insurance or pay a tax penalty, demonstrating once again that Republicans have ample votes to repeal current law. A formula for replacing Obamacare is proving far more divisive.\n\"House health care bill (AHCA) can't pass the Senate,\" tweeted Republican Senator Tom Cotton of Arkansas. \u201cPause, start over. Get it right, don't get it fast.\u201d\nHouse Speaker Paul Ryan, R-Wis., center, stands with Greg Walden, R-Ore., right, and House Majority Whip Kevin McCarthy, R-Calif., during a news conference on the American Health Care Act on Capitol Hill.\nBill a starting point\nThe bill's proponents stress that the current draft is but a starting point and that lawmakers with concerns about the replacement plan can propose amendments.\n\u201cWe're certainly open to improvements and recommendations in the legislative process,\u201d Pence said.\n\u201cThere's going to be plenty of opportunity for senators in both parties to change this bill,\u201d McConnell said.\nThe political stakes for Republicans are potentially enormous depending on the outcome of the drive to reshape health care.\n\"We could see some real voter anger,\" Reynolds said, adding that conservatives would be particularly dismayed if Republicans, even with control of the White House and Congress, were unable to deliver on a core promise.\nIn an unusual move, Republican advocacy groups that typically target Democrats are running television ads pressuring their own members to vote for the AHCA.\n\u201cIt's time for conservatives to unite behind President Trump and Speaker Ryan to pass the American Health Care Act,\u201d concludes an American Action Network advertisement running in the districts of Freedom Caucus members.\nSenate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer of N.Y., criticizes the Republican health care plan designed to replace Obamacare, March 7, 2017, during a news conference on Capitol Hill.\n'Trumpcare is a mess'\nDemocrats, meanwhile, are seeking to ratchet up public opinion against the Republican plan, arguing Obamacare should be improved, not scrapped. Should Republicans succeed in repealing and replacing it, Democrats are preemptively assigning blame for any negative consequences, labeling the Republican plan Trumpcare.\"\n\u201cThe fact is, Trumpcare is a mess,\u201d said Senate Democratic Leader Chuck Schumer of New York. \u201cIt'll mean higher costs and less care for most Americans. Even a growing number of conservatives are expressing their distaste for the legislation.\n\u201cWe Democrats will fight it tooth and nail. As people learn of this bill over the next few weeks, there will be rebellion in the land about it. They should listen to the voices coming from their own party, who say this bill will hurt their states and hurt the country,\u201d Schumer added.\nVOA's Katherine Gypson contributed to this report\n",
        "caption": "House Speaker Paul Ryan, R-Wis., center, stands with Greg Walden, R-Ore., right, and House Majority Whip Kevin McCarthy, R-Calif., during a news conference on the American Health Care Act on Capitol Hill.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/4C8DC2C1-C063-4CD7-9C21-9EF171358449.jpg",
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        "answer": [
            "one of many architects of the Republican bill."
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        "bridge": [
            "Paul Ryan"
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    {
        "question": "What is the person with sunglasses in the image make?",
        "context": "Pediatric Unit Built by Madonna in Malawi to Open July 11\nNEW YORK \u2014\u00a0\nMadonna says the children's wing at a hospital in Malawi she has been building for two years completed its first surgery last week and will officially open July 11.\nThe Mercy James Institute for Pediatric Surgery and Intensive Care, located at the Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital in the city of Blantyre, had a soft opening and is the first of its kind in Malawi. It was built in collaboration with the Malawian Ministry of Health.\n\"When you look into the eyes of children in need, wherever they may be, a human being wants to do anything and everything they can to help, and on my first visit to Malawi, I made a commitment that I would do just that,\" Madonna said in a statement to The Associated Press.\n\"I'd like to thank everyone who has joined me on this unbelievable journey. What started out as a dream for Malawi and her children has become a reality, and we couldn't have done it without your support,\" she added.\nFILE - Pop star Madonna visits the pediatric surgery and Malawi's first-ever intensive care unit under construction at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital in the southern city of Blantyre, July 10, 2016.\nMadonna adopted four children, David Banda, Mercy James, Stelle and Estere from Malawi. The children's wing was named after 11-year-old Mercy.\nThe pop star's charity, Raising Malawi, has built schools in Malawi and has funded the new pediatric unit, which began construction in 2015. Madonna, 58, visited the site last year.\nThe children's unit includes three operating rooms dedicated to children's surgery, a day clinic and a 45-bed ward. It will enable Queen Elizabeth hospital to double the number of surgeries for children and will provide critical pre-operative and post-operative care. It also includes a playroom, an outdoor play structure and murals curated by Madonna and other artists.\nSarah Ezzy, executive director of Raising Malawi, said the charity has been working with Queen Elizabeth hospital since 2008, helping the hospital's chief of pediatric surgery, Dr. Eric Borgstein, develop a training program.\n\"Pediatric intensive care is not something that has formally existed in Malawi. There hasn't been any training on it. It's not part of the curriculum in nursing school [or] medical school. People had to leave the country to train ... now people don't have to leave the country to train,\" Ezzy said in an interview. \"This facility is attached to the college of medicine and nursing so it will be a learning, teaching hospital.\"\nTrevor Neilson, who works at Charity Network and has been advising Madonna's philanthropic efforts for the last six years, said \"only someone like Madonna could do this. If you weren't Madonna, you would have given up a long time ago.\"\n\"Hundreds of thousands, if not millions, of lives will be saved by the hospital in the course of it operating,\" added Neilson, who has worked on charity projects with Bill Gates, former U.S. President Bill Clinton, Bono and others.\nMadonna founded Raising Malawi in 2006 to address the poverty and hardship endured by Malawi's orphans and vulnerable children.\n\"Malawi has enriched my family more than I could have ever imagined. It's important for me to make sure all my children from the country maintain a strong connection to their birth nation, and equally important to show them that together as humans we have the power to change the world for the better,\" Madonna said.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Madonna claps hands with her daughter Mercy, right, in Kasungu, about 150 kilometers north of the capital Lilongwe, Nov. 30, 2014.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D0D4E034-3151-4BB2-92E5-EF47C3F76469.jpg",
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            "Mercy James Institute for Pediatric Surgery and Intensive Care",
            "children's wing at a hospital in Malawi"
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    {
        "question": "Where will the person in the middle of the image be held?",
        "context": "Ex-Hong Kong Leader Sentenced on Corruption Charges\nHong Kong\u2019s former chief executive Donald Tsang, the highest-ranking ex-official to be charged in the city\u2019s history, has received a prison term of 20 months for misconduct in public office.\nAnalysts say the Wednesday verdict has reaffirmed the former British colony\u2019s judiciary independence and rule of law while serving as an example for China\u2019s anti-corruption campaign.\nThey also expect Tsang\u2019s conviction to have little impact on the city\u2019s upcoming chief executive election in March, which they mock as a \u201csmall-circle\u201d race to be rigged by the top leader in China.\nGuilty verdict\nWrapping up a six-week trial, the court found Tsang guilty of having failed to disclose a conflict of interest. Tsang had deliberately concealed private rental negotiations with property tycoon Bill Wong between 2010 and 2012 while his cabinet discussed and approved a digital broadcasting license for a now defunct radio company, Wave Media, in which Wong was a major shareholder.\nHigh Court justice Andrew Chan praised Tsang for his four-decade-long dedication to public service before reducing the sentence by 10 months.\n\u201cNever in my judicial career have I seen a man fallen from so high,\u201d Chan said during sentencing, as Tsang stood in the dock with his teary family in the public gallery.\nChan concluded that Tsang had breached the trust placed in him by both the people of Hong Kong and the people of China.\nExpressing her sorrow, Tsang\u2019s wife Selina Tsang told reporters outside the courtroom that the family will file an appeal.\n\u201cToday is a very dark day. The entire family is disappointed and upset,\u201d she said.\nIn addition, Tsang is slated to face a retrial in September for a bribery charge that the jury failed to reach a verdict on last week.\nSelina Tsang, center, wife of former Hong Kong leader Donald Tsang, is accompanied by her two sons, Simon Tsang Hing-yin, left, and Thomas Tsang Hing-shun, to walk out of the High Court in Hong Kong, Feb. 22, 2017.\nRule of law\nAnalysts say the verdict has testified to the independence of the city\u2019s legal system while sending a warning to all public office holders who abuse their power, be they in Hong Kong or China.\n\u201cIt\u2019s also important that the maintenance of the rule of law and an independent judicial system is the best way to prevent or to fight [against] corruption,\u201d said Richard Tsoi, a democratic movement activist in Hong Kong.\nThe trial, in particular, has served as a satire to those corrupt officials in China, many of whom enjoy political protection, said radical lawmaker Leung Kwok-hung, known as \u201cLong hair.\u201d\n\u201cIf the case of Donald Tsang happens in China, I don\u2019t think he needs to face the court anyway, [especially] if he\u2019s a friend of Mr. Xi Jinping,\u201d Leung said.\nWarning for corrupt officials\nThe lawmaker also said he believed Tsang\u2019s verdict might spell bad news for C.Y. Leung because there have been calls by lawmakers for the city\u2019s anti-corruption watchdog to investigate payments received by the incumbent chief executive from an Australian firm in 2014.\nMost observers, however, do not see any negative impact from Tsang\u2019s case on the upcoming leadership election slated for March 26.\nMedia speculation has been that the campaign of one of the race\u2019s hopefuls, John Tsang, may be slightly tainted given his close relationship with Donald Tsang (no blood relation) \u2013 an argument both Leung and Tsoi disagreed with.\nHong Kong's Financial Secretary John Tsang waves to reporters as he leaves his office in Hong Kong, Dec.12, 2016.\nLittle impact on March election\nThey said John Tsang\u2019s bigger rival, Carrie Lam had also worked under Donald Tsang. And both candidates were among more than 40 political figures who wrote letters in support of the ex-leader.\nIn addition, both are seen as being pro-China, although John Tsang is fairly accepted by pro-democracy representatives in the 1,194-membered election committee, which will vote on the city\u2019s next chief executive.\nDuring the campaign, local media have also coined John Tsang as Donald Tsang 2.0 and Lam as C. Y. Leung 2.0 to demonstrate their pro-establishment nature while their recent approval rates are close at 38 percent and 35 percent respectively.\nBut such a political labeling means nothing in the leadership race as China will always have the final say on the results, said Zhang Jian of Shanghai Institute for International Studies.\n\u201cBeijing\u2019s attitudes play a key part in determining the election\u2019s results. The final [victor] will be the candidate whom Beijing supports openly or under the table, \u201d Zhang said.\nIn other words, Lam is expected to win the race unless Beijing has changed its mind, lawmaker Leung said.\n\u201cIt seems that Carrie Lam has a better chance. But well, who knows? Because it\u2019s all decided by one person, Mr. Xi Jinping,\u201d he added.\n",
        "caption": "Donald Tsang, center, former leader of Hong Kong, is escorted in a prison bus leaving the high court after sentencing and mitigation after his conviction last week for misconduct in public office, in Hong Kong, Feb. 20, 2017.",
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        "question": "What will the person wearing glasses in the image do?",
        "context": "Leader of Finland's Eurosceptic Party to Step Down\nFinnish foreign minister Timo Soini said on Sunday he would step down as leader of the nationalist and eurosceptic Finns party in June, a move which could challenge the future of the country's three-party government.\nThe departure of Soini paves the way for a more hard-line leadership, surveys have suggested, as many of its core voters bridled at compromises he made as part of an austerity-focused government that has cut workers' benefits while catering for an influx of migrants.\nAnalysts say the move could even bring down the coalition, which includes the Centre Party and the conservative NCP, at a time of tough reforms aimed at fixing a stagnant economy.\n\"I will not seek a new term from the party congress in June.\nIt is time for something else,\" Soini wrote in a blog. \"This was not an easy decision.\" He said he would like to stay on as foreign minister if the party remains in the government.\nSoini, aged 54, has led the party he co-founded for 20 years, dragging it out from obscurity and into the mainstream when its opposition to the European Union's sovereign bailouts spooked financial markets in 2011.\nBut the party has seen its support drop due to compromises it has made in government, which it joined in 2015. Once the second-biggest in the parliament, the party now ranks fifth in the polls with support of about 9 percent.\nA survey by Lannen Media in January showed the most popular successor for Soini among active party members would be Jussi Halla-aho, currently a member of European parliament who is known for his tough stance against immigration and the European Union.\n\"Personally, I tend to think that a membership in the EU is not in Finland's strategic national interest,\" Halla-aho told Iltalehti newspaper last month.\nHalla-aho has also proposed sanctions against organizations that rescue refugees and immigrants from the Mediterranean, saying it encourages movement from Africa to Europe.\nHalla-aho said he will likely run for the party presidency in June. He was not immediately available for comment.\n\"This (Soini's announcement) can have dramatic consequences... I don't see that the Finns could continue in the government if Halla-aho gets elected. That could lead to a government crisis,\" said Kimmo Gronholm, professor of political science at Abo Akademi.\nThe center-right government, led by Prime Minister Juha Sipila, has faced demonstrations and strikes over its austerity program aimed to kick-start the economy after a decade-long stagnation.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Belgian Foreign Minister Didier Reynders, left, speaks with Finnish Foreign Minister Timo Juhani Soini during a meeting of EU foreign ministers at the EU Council building in Brussels on Monday, Nov. 14",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/6C18CF87-B6E0-4608-8522-F6DF13345D8B.jpg",
        "id": "14862_1",
        "answer": [
            "step down as leader of the nationalist and eurosceptic Finns party",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Timo Soini",
            "Timo Juhani Soini"
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    {
        "question": "What are some of the people in the image joining?",
        "context": "5 Things to Know About Venezuela's Political Crisis\nCARACAS \u2014\u00a0\nFive things to know about Venezuela's escalating political crisis:\nHow did the unrest begin?\nIn late March, the government-stacked Supreme Court issued a ruling stripping the opposition-controlled National Assembly of its last powers. The decision was later reversed amid widespread international criticism, but it launched protests in which at least 75 people have died.\nOpposition leaders gained a majority in the National Assembly's 2015 legislative election amid mounting frustration over President Nicolas Maduro's handling of the economy, spiraling crime and food shortages. The Supreme Court nullified eight of the assembly's laws between January and October 2016, after making just one such ruling in the previous 200 years, legal experts say.\nProtesters contend Maduro's government has become authoritarian and are vowing to escalate their opposition leading up to a July 30 election called by Maduro to convene a special assembly that will rewrite the nation's constitution.\nWill the military intervene?\nThe military has historically been an arbiter of political disputes in Venezuela and the opposition is calling on it to uphold the constitution and stop Maduro from further consolidating his power.\nBut so far there is little to suggest a mass revolt is underway and popular support for the military is at an all-time low.\nLate president Hugo Chavez and Maduro have spent years winning over top military brass with bonuses in sought-after dollars, powerful government jobs and patronage. Only a handful of officers have publicly expressed any disgruntlement.\nTuesday's helicopter attack is believed to have been carried out by Oscar Perez, an apparent police pilot and budding action movie actor. He called for a rebellion against Maduro's government but there was no sign that more than a handful of other police or troops were taking part.\nPolice ride in to clear a protest in Caracas, Venezuela, June 28, 2017.\nChopper attack\nMaduro's government says the pilot fired 15 shots at the Interior Ministry and four grenades at the Supreme Court in what they characterize as a \u201cterrorist attack.\u201d\nVideo circulating on social media shows the helicopter circling the court followed by the sound of several loud explosions.\nThere were no injuries in the attack and no visible signs of damage outside either government building Wednesday.\nOpposition leaders are questioning the government's version of events and say it may be an attempt to distract attention from Maduro's controversial push to rewrite the constitution.\nDeaths and looting mount\nThe number of people killed in protests and looting is approaching nearly twice that seen in 2014, in which more than 40 Venezuelans were killed.\nOpposition leaders point to armed, pro-government groups known as \u201ccolectivos\u201d for the deaths, while the government contends youth paid by the opposition are responsible for the violence. Most of those killed have been young men aligned with the opposition.\nWhat's at stake?\nIf Maduro proceeds with his plans to rewrite the constitution, Venezuela's government could soon look dramatically different.\nWhile the National Electoral Council has called for delayed regional elections to be held in December, the special assembly could cancel them and 2018 presidential elections.\nVenezuela's economy is forecast to shrink by 8 percent this year and inflation could soar to four digits. Polls indicate at least 75 percent of Venezuelans want Maduro gone but many do not have a favorable opinion of the opposition either.\nMaduro warned earlier this week he is willing to do whatever it takes to defend Chavez's revolution, even if it means using arms.\n",
        "caption": "Demonstrators run during clashes with riot security forces at a protest against Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro's government, in Caracas, Venezuela, May 30, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/20F134F9-750D-4942-9984-E05DE08F1C58.jpg",
        "id": "23347_1",
        "answer": [
            "a rebellion against Maduro's government"
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        "bridge": [
            "police"
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    {
        "question": "What were the people in the image awaiting?",
        "context": "Maryland Church \u2018Heartbroken\u2019 for Refugee Family Caught in Trump Ban\nCOLUMBIA, MARYLAND \u2014\u00a0\nThe Afghan family expected by members of Kittamaqundi Community Church in the story below arrived Valentine's Day, February 14, after courts put a temporary stay on President Donald Trump's executive order banning refugees from Syria. When VOA contacted church members, the family was on their way from the airport to their new home, six days later than expected, but ready to start their new life.\nA \u201cWelcome new neighbors\u201d card sits on a kitchen table covered with a red, white and blue flowered tablecloth in a three-story townhouse in Columbia, Maryland. The living room is fully furnished, including a rocking chair. It is waiting for its family to come home.\nThe calendar in one room shows February 8 ... \u201cbecause that\u2019s the day they are still scheduled to arrive. \u2026 I mean, they won\u2019t be arriving that day,\u201d says Rev. Heather Kirk-Davidoff of Kittamaqundi Community Church, known as KC.\nKirk-Davidoff is the minister of the 100-member church that took on the resettlement of a refugee family from Afghanistan.\n\u201cAmericans all over the whole country were [heart]broken by stories all over the news, especially in the summer in 2015, about people who were fleeing Syria and other areas in the Middle East, and dying in the Mediterranean as they try to cross,\u201d Kirk-Davidoff said.\nHer church started small, assembling welcome kits with household items for newly arrived immigrants.\nWatch: Refugee Ban Leaves Resettlement Organizations in the Lurch\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nRefugee Ban Leaves US Resettlement Organizations in the Lurch\nShare this video\n0:03:10\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:03:10\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 8.8MB\n360p | 12.5MB\n720p | 84.8MB\n1080p | 61.4MB\nSmall effort led to big one\nThat effort led to a contract with Lutheran Social Services of the National Capital Area, a nonprofit that partners with the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees to help legal immigrants start a new life through the refugee resettlement program.\nFamilies who are assigned to a community or a church sponsor through the LSS Good Neighbor Program do not have family or other ties in the U.S.\nAll through December, KC members said they prayed to be assigned a refugee family.\nBut they also were very aware, Kirk-Davidoff said, of President Donald Trump\u2019s campaign promise to curb the influx of refugees. \n\u201cSo it became really a matter of urgency for us to get the family here to the United States before inauguration,\u201d she said.\nThe Sunday before the new president was inaugurated, they were told a family was on the way.\nThe family room is fully furnished, including a rocking chair, in a three-story townhouse in Columbia, Maryland. The house is ready for the arrival of a refugee family from Afghanistan. (A. Barros/VOA)\nHouse rented, furnished\nWith the support of five other faith communities, including a nearby mosque, the church rented a townhouse, raised $20,000, furnished the house with donated furniture, and assigned volunteers to meet the family at the airport and provide guidance on shopping, transportation and other local resources.\nMembers of the mosque donated a prayer rug and placed it in the home\u2019s living room in the direction of Mecca.\nKC members do not know much about the Afghan refugees except that the parents speak some English and have four kids: 11- and 6-year-old girls, and two boys \u2014 a 9-year-old and a 14-month-old baby who was born when the family was in a refugee camp after having fled their homeland.\n\u201cWe really had this child [14-month-old] particularly in our minds,\u201d Kirk-Davidoff said. \u201cWe figure this kid will only remember this house. He\u2019s really the one whose life will start in the United States.\u201d\nHopes dashed\nBut he and the rest of the family will not be moving into the carefully prepared townhouse in Columbia \u2014 at least not yet.\nOn January 27, Trump signed an executive order that barred all refugees from entry into the U.S. for 120 days. He said the action was needed to keep Americans safe from terrorism.\nEven then, Kirk-Davidoff still had hope. \n\u201cWe thought because the family at that point had a visa, had a date of entry. We actually celebrated that Sunday ... we felt we had made it,\u201d she said.\nBut then reality set in.\n\u201cI was heartbroken,\u201d church member Don Link said. He was the one who originally felt the call to this outreach mission.\n\u201cSome of us cried. We all prayed for our family. This is affecting us in our own hearts and our plans, but that\u2019s nothing to what it is doing to the family. I just can\u2019t imagine how these parents tell the kids that they are not coming to the U.S. How do they go forward?\u201d he said.\nRev. Heather Kirk-Davidoff is the minister of the 100-member church that took on the resettlement of a refugee family from Afghanistan. The family will not be moving into the carefully prepared townhouse in Columbia, Md., because President Donald Trump signed a temporary travel ban.\nSense of loss\nIn the living room of the rented house, Kirk-Davidoff sits on one of the donated couches. She talks about the journey of six congregations with different religions that came together to welcome a family fleeing war and persecution. She fights to hold back tears, but her voice breaks.\n\u201cWe don\u2019t have a photograph of the family, but we have a picture of them in our minds\u2019 eye. We have a sense of them walking in this home and finding a new life here. They had become very real for us,\u201d she said.\nColin Richardson, an LSS case manager, said the organization does not get into politics, but is deeply saddened that tens of thousands of people may have lost their opportunity for a new beginning with a promise of freedom and prosperity.\n\u201cOver the next four months we will be concentrating on the families we have here. \u2026 And just waiting to see how things play out in the future of resettlement,\u201d Richardson said.\nAccording to LSS, 1 percent of refugees are resettled to a third country. The United States has been the world\u2019s top resettlement country. In fiscal 2015, the organization and partners, like Kittamaqundi Community Church, helped more than 1,000 refugees.\nAn Afghan family will not be moving into the carefully prepared townhouse in Columbia, Md., because of President Donald Trump's executive order that barred all refugees from entry into the U.S. for 120 days. Members of the community donated stuffed animals for the children.\nMoving forward\nIn the meantime, stuffed animals sit on beds without children, the prayer rug lies beside the empty couch, and the welcome card on the kitchen table stays sealed.\nNeither Richardson nor any of the volunteers knows where the family is now.\nLink, however, is optimistic that he can somehow reach out to organizations overseas responsible for resettlement of refugees, to see if they can offer assistance.\n\u201cSomewhere there are people who have interacted with this family, whether it\u2019s an NGO, the United Nations folks or State Department folks. We don\u2019t know yet. [But] I\u2019m hopeful,\u201d he said.\nA \u201cWelcome new neighbors\u201d card sits on a kitchen table in a three-story townhouse in Columbia, Maryland. The house is ready for the arrival of a refugee family. (A. Barros/VOA)\n",
        "caption": "Members of the Kittamaqundi Community Church led the effort to help a refugee family of six to resettle in Columbia, Md. (A.Barros/VOA)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/E808EF26-10ED-4EA9-B8C7-CB5EAFEB5133.jpg",
        "id": "18263_1",
        "answer": [
            "The Afghan family",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Members of the Kittamaqundi Community Church",
            "Kittamaqundi Community Church"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_05_3704682",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_05_3704682_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person with the uniform in the image say?",
        "context": "Trump to Receive Full Intelligence Briefing on Russia Hacking\nU.S. President-elect Donald Trump, who has dismissed the position of the U.S. intelligence community that Russia hacked into the recent presidential election process, receives a full briefing from the leaders of the intelligence community Friday.\nIn an unprecedented move for a president-elect, Trump has been highly critical of the intelligence community, but Thursday he softened his tone somewhat with a Tweet that he is \u201ca big fan\u201d of U.S. intelligence.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;The dishonest media likes saying that I am in Agreement with Julian Assange - wrong. I simply state what he states, it is for the people....\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/816999062562107392\\\"\\u0026gt;January 5, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;to make up their own minds as to the truth. The media lies to make it look like I am against \\\"Intelligence\\\" when in fact I am a big fan!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/817004210529116160\\\"\\u0026gt;January 5, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nFirm evidence points to Russia \nOn Thursday, America\u2019s top spies testified that the evidence is firm that Russia interfered with the November presidential election, but say there is no way to tell if it helped Trump win.\n\u201cThe Russians have a long history of interfering in elections, theirs and other people\u2019s,\u201d National Intelligence Director James Clapper told the Senate Armed Services Committee. \u201cBut we have never encountered such a direct campaign to interfere with the election process as we have seen in this case.\u201d\nClapper told the senators that Russia undertook a \u201cmultifaceted campaign\u201d that included not just hacking and leaking Democratic Party emails, but also \u201cclassical propaganda, misinformation, fake news.\u201d\nWATCH: Clapper on Russia's campaign to interfere in election\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nClapper: Hacking Was Only Part of Russian Interference in US Election\nShare this video\n0:00:24\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:24\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 1.1MB\n360p | 1.2MB\n480p | 6.2MB\nClapper said he cannot know for sure if the Russian leaks of sensitive information influenced the choices voters made November 8. But he did say Russia did not interfere with the vote counting or the final result.\nMany Democrats believe the Russian hacking was specifically aimed at helping Trump win the White House over Hillary Clinton. Some Republican lawmakers say outside interference targeting any U.S. political party is a crime.\nClapper joined National Security Agency chief Mike Rogers and other senior U.S. officials Thursday in saying there was no way Moscow could have meddled in the election without the direct approval of \u201cRussia\u2019s senior-most officials.\u201d\nNational Security Agency chief Mike Rogers, right, with Director of National Intelligence James Clapper, center, and Defense Undersecretary for Intelligence Marcel Lettre II, testifies on Capitol Hill in Washington before the Senate Armed Services Committee, Jan. 5, 2017.\nClapper provided little concrete evidence against Russia Thursday, saying public disclosure would damage U.S. intelligence operations.\n\u201cWe have invested billions and we have put people\u2019s lives at risk to glean such information,\u201d Clapper said. He told the senators an unclassified version of the top secret report will be released next week.\n\u201cI think the public should know as much about this as possible, and so we\u2019ll be as forthcoming as we can. But there are some sensitive and fragile sources and methods here,\u201d Clapper said.\nRussian President Vladimir Putin attends a traditional annual cabinet meeting in Moscow, Dec. 19, 2016.\nAdmiration for Putin \nTrump, who has made no secret of his admiration of Russian President Vladimir Putin, has said he has serious doubts Russia was involved in the hacking, and has not spoken highly of the U.S. intelligence community.\n\u201cI think there\u2019s an important distinction here between healthy skepticism which policymakers, to include policymakers number one, should always have for intelligence,\u201d Clapper said when asked about Trump. \u201cBut I think there\u2019s a difference between skepticism and disparagement.\u201d\nLate Thursday, The Washington Post reported that, according to U.S. intelligence, senior Russian government officials jubilantly celebrated Trump\u2019s win and regarded it as a win for Moscow.\nThe Post says those Russian officials include some who may have had direct knowledge of the hacking.\n\u201cThe Russians felt pretty good about what happened on November 8 and they also felt pretty good about what they did,\u201d the newspaper said, quoting a senior U.S. official.\nCapitol Hill correspondent Michael Bowman and National Security reporter Jeff Seldin contributed to this report\n",
        "caption": "National Security Agency chief Mike Rogers, right, with Director of National Intelligence James Clapper, center, and Defense Undersecretary for Intelligence Marcel Lettre II, testifies on Capitol Hill in Washington before the Senate Armed Services Committee, Jan. 5, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/DC529046-5AFB-4030-826C-C1E728A77FEB.jpg",
        "id": "8941_2",
        "answer": [
            "there was no way Moscow could have meddled in the election without the direct approval of \u201cRussia\u2019s senior-most officials.\u201d",
            "no way Moscow could have meddled in the election without the direct approval of \u201cRussia\u2019s senior-most officials.\u201d"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Mike Rogers"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_05_3664306",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_05_3664306_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person on the left of the image talk about?",
        "context": "Trump, Merkel to Face-Off on EU, NATO\nWHITE HOUSE \u2014\u00a0\nWhen U.S. President Donald Trump and German Chancellor Angela Merkel sit down for a \u2018get to know you\u2019 session at the White House Friday, the entire future of the Transatlantic relationship will be hanging in the balance.\nThe leaders of two of the world\u2019s most powerful economies have seemed to be on a collision course since candidate Trump accused Merkel of \u2018ruining Europe\u201d with liberal immigration policies, spoke ill of NATO, and hinted at a trade war.\nMerkel, for her part, scolded Trump for imposing a travel ban on immigrants from six mostly Muslim countries, and reminded him that any \u201cclose U.S./Germany cooperation must be based on \u2018\u2019values of democracy, freedom, respect for the rule of law and human dignity, regardless of origin, skin color, religion, gender, sexual orientation or political belief.\u201d\nNATO\nA minefield of explosive issues await. But on many of the key points, from NATO to the European Union, experts say the seeds of cooperation have already been sown.\nDaniel Hamilton, director of the Center for Transatlantic Relations at the Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies, says it\u2019s important to note that while Trump often says one thing, his administration actually is doing something else.\nFILE - Germany Security ConferenceU.S. Vice President Mike Pence, left, and German Chancellor Angela Merkel meet for bilateral talks on the sidelines of the Munich Security Conference in Munich, Germany, Feb. 18, 2017.\n\u201cWhen it comes to official statements, his vice president [Pence] went to Germany and Brussels and said reassuring things about NATO. Secretary [of Defense] Mattis echoed all that. Those have all been mainstream traditional U.S. foreign policy statements about the alliance,\u201d he said.\nAnalysts note, too, that Merkel\u2019s Germany and other NATO allies have responded positively to President Trump\u2019s call for Europe to take a greater share of the collective defense burden. \u201cHe [Trump] has blown hot and cold on NATO,\u201d Hamilton explains. \u201cThey need to step up on their financial commitment, but the president has been a bit mistaken in saying the Europeans have lagged in the fight against terrorism.\u201d\nFILE - A German army soldier walks past Marder infantry fighting vehicles at the railway station in Sestokai, Lithuania, Feb. 24, 2017.\nStill, Hamilton warns of \u201ctroubled waters\u201d on the economic front of the U.S./EU relationship. Trump\u2019s stated preference for bilateral pacts with trading partners flies in the face of the European Union\u2019s position that it is the sole representative of its 28 member countries.\nAs a candidate, Trump suggested he would renounce multilateral deals such as the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (T-TIP) with Europe, which had been championed by Merkel and former president Barack Obama.\nIn a hint at a possible compromise, a senior administration official told reporters last week that T-TIP could be considered a one-on-one trade deal, given how the EU structure interconnects European economies.\nTrade\nAnother hot potato will be the so-called \"border adjustment tax,\" which is meant to encourage companies to make goods in the United States. Trump sees the tax as boosting his job creation agenda. Europeans see it as a challenge to the global trading system at a time when Trump\u2019s policies are pushing the United States toward protectionism.\n\u201cThe Germans are worried,\u201d said Stephen Szabo, executive director of the Transatlantic Academy and a fellow at the German Marshall Fund of the United States, \u201cTrump\u2019s trade negotiator [Peter] Navarro has been singling out Germany as the biggest U.S. trade problem, bigger even than China\u201d. Navarro heads the newly formed White House National Trade Council.\nSzabo says Merkel will make the point that \u201cGerman firms are big investors in the U.S., creating more than 600,000 American jobs in American-German companies. So she\u2019s going to explain that \u2018if you go after us, you\u2019re going to be hurting jobs in the U.S.\u2019\u201d\nVolkswagen cars are lifted inside a delivery tower of the company in Wolfsburg, Germany, March 14, 2017.\nSAIS\u2019s Daniel Hamilton says Merkel will try to use her considerable negotiating skills to provide a fuller understanding of European perspectives to a president famous for his book \"The Art of the Deal.\" \u201cHer style is not to confront; she\u2019s very pragmatic, she downplays the drama,\u201d he told VOA. \u201cShe\u2019ll come with a number of key agenda points, part of it is to help the president understand some of the dynamics affecting Europe and Germany\u2019s role\u201d.\nHamilton sees the White House meetings as a prelude to further negotiations when Trump makes his first presidential visit to Europe in May to attend both a NATO summit in Brussels followed by a G7 summit on the Italian island of Sicily. \u201cThat will be the next big step,\" he said.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Germany Security ConferenceU.S. Vice President Mike Pence, left, and German Chancellor Angela Merkel meet for bilateral talks on the sidelines of the Munich Security Conference in Munich, Germany, Feb. 18, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/651A0EC2-CE40-4C49-941E-CAD7ADF2B6EE.jpg",
        "id": "26624_2",
        "answer": [
            "NATO"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Pence"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_15_3766947",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_15_3766947_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What type of event took place at the location in the image?",
        "context": "IS Official Linked to Istanbul Nightclub Attack Killed in Syria, US Says\nAn Islamic State terrorist tied to the deadly New Year's Eve attack on an Istanbul nightclub was killed this month by U.S. ground forces in Syria, U.S. military officials said Friday.\nU.S. Central Command confirmed the death of Abdurakhmon Uzbeki, who was the target of an operation near Mayadin, in eastern Syria, on April 6.\nOfficials described Uzbeki as a \"close associate\" of IS leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi who was deeply involved in planning terror attacks outside Iraq and Syria, including the attack on the Reina nightclub that left 39 people dead.\n\"We have clearly linked him with the Istanbul New Year's Eve bombing,\" Central Command spokesman Colonel John Thomas said Friday, adding that the United States had been tracking Uzbeki for some time.\nFILE - This image taken from a militant website July 5, 2014, purports to show the leader of the Islamic State group, Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi.\nThomas said Uzbeki also had played a key role in facilitating the movement of IS funds and foreign fighters, and \"was known to interact with [Baghdadi] in various ways over time.\"\nU.S. officials declined to explain how they linked Uzbeki to the nightclub attack, but they said he was a native of Uzbekistan. The main suspect in the attack on the Reina nightclub, Abdulkadir Masharipov, also was from Uzbekistan.\nTurkish officials described Masharipov, who they say confessed to the attack, as a \"well-trained\" terrorist who speaks four languages.\nTurkish media cited intelligence sources as saying at the time that the two-week manhunt for Masharipov had uncovered as many as 20 IS networks in Turkey.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Turkish police stand guard outside the Reina nightclub by the Bosphorus, which was attacked by a gunman, in Istanbul, Turkey, Jan. 1, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/7E2B47BF-6DB4-46B1-A290-D19020A6D356.jpg",
        "id": "30779_1",
        "answer": [
            "terror attacks"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Reina nightclub"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_21_3820703",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_21_3820703_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What happened at the place in the image earlier?",
        "context": "Pakistan: Border with Afghanistan to Remain Shut Until Terror Concerns Addressed\nISLAMABAD \u2014\u00a0\nPakistan is defying calls for permanently opening the border with landlocked Afghanistan, asserting that terrorist attacks emanating from the neighboring country continue to hurt Pakistani citizens and security forces.\nA string of deadly suicide bombings across Pakistan last month prompted authorities to close all regular crossings for movements of people and trade convoys across the largely porous frontier spanning roughly 2,600 kilometers.\nThe move also halted transit of containerized cargo, an economic lifeline of Afghanistan, which is dependent on Pakistani ports.\nPakistan's Foreign Ministry spokesman, Nafees Zakaria, reiterated Thursday that fugitives linked to the anti-state Pakistani Taliban and affiliates of Islamic State are plotting the violence from across the border, pointing to statements the militants have made taking credit for it.\n\"The decision of the closure of the border was actually the security context ... to protect our own citizens from the dastardly attacks which were continuing from the other side of the border by those terrorist groups who are enjoying sanctuaries in Afghanistan,\" Zakaria told a news conference in Islamabad.\nThe Pakistan military earlier this week alleged that militants staged cross-border raids on its outposts, killing five soldiers.\nThe Afghan government says it has nothing to do with the violence and has criticized Pakistan for shutting the border. Kabul has called for the border's immediate opening to legitimate migration and trade.\nIndependent critics and some Pakistani commentators have emphasized the need for resolving political differences through diplomatic channels, rather than resorting to punitive measures such as closing the border.\nZakaria said that Pakistan has taken steps to strengthen security and tighten monitoring on its side under a comprehensive border management plan, and is urging the Afghan government to do the same for effectively deterring movement of terrorists in both directions.\n\u201cThis border management is the most important aspect as far as we are concerned to control the cross-border terrorism and movement of terrorists who are actually hurting both sides. This is in the interest of both the countries to cooperate and this is what we had been talking about with Afghanistan,\u201d the spokesman maintained.\nPakistan opened the two main border crossings of Torkham and Chaman for 48 hours this week, allowing more than 50,000 stranded Afghans and Pakistanis into their respective countries. Pakistan has lately also increased pressure on more than two million registered and unregistered Afghan refugees to go back to their country, saying militants are using the displaced population for hiding and planing terrorist attacks.\nTraders on both sides, particularly Afghans, say they are incurring demurrage charges because the border closure has led to a piling up of containerized cargo at Pakistan\u2019s Karachi seaport on the Arabian Sea.\nThe fragile relationship between the two countries has long suffered setbacks because of Kabul\u2019s allegations Islamabad harbors members of the Taliban insurgency and the Haqqani network blamed for deadly attacks in Afghanistan.\nUnder the border management plan, the Pakistani military intends to conduct phased fencing of the border with Afghanistan to try to plug so-called ratlines through the mountains between the two countries, which terrorists traditionally use for infiltration in both directions.\n",
        "caption": "Pakistani soldiers check the identity of citizens returning from Afghanistan at the border town of Chaman, Pakistan, March 7, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/AE68ED9A-1022-42AE-A037-106A9EB4017A.jpg",
        "id": "25747_1",
        "answer": [
            "militants staged cross-border raids"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "border"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_09_3756763",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_09_3756763_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the condition inflicting the person in the image cause?",
        "context": "UN: 20 Million People on Brink of Famine\nUNITED NATIONS \u2014\u00a0\nUnited Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres warned Wednesday that 20 million people in four countries face famine unless the international community steps in to prevent it.\n\"The situation is dire,\" Guterres told reporters. \"Millions of people are barely surviving in the space between malnutrition and death, vulnerable to diseases and outbreaks, forced to kill their animals for food, and eat the grain they saved for next year's seeds.\"\nThe United Nations has declared South Sudan, Somalia, Yemen and the northeastern part of Nigeria on the brink of famine in the next six months. The world body already has declared that about 100,000 people in two counties of South Sudan's Unity State currently are coping with famine.\nFILE - Mohamed Aden Guleid looks at one of his camels, which succumbed to drought in Somaliland region of Somalia, Feb. 9, 2017. (VOA/Jason Patinkin)\n\"Famine is already a reality in parts of South Sudan. Unless we act now, it is only a matter of time until it affects other areas and other countries,\" Guterres said. \"We are facing a tragedy; we must avoid it becoming a catastrophe. This is preventable if the international community takes decisive action.\"\nHe said a staggering $4.4 billion is needed by the end of March \u2014 just four weeks away. For the entire year, a total of more than $5.6 billion is needed for these four countries. The U.N. is ready to step in, but needs the funds to do it.\nWorryingly, Guterres said the United Nations has only received $90 million \u2014 just two cents for every dollar required.\n\"The lives of millions of people depend on our collective ability to act,\" he said. \"In our world of plenty, there is no excuse for inaction or indifference.\"\nGuterres said a combination of factors have thrown these regions into an acute food crisis \u2014 mainly the combination of conflict and severe drought accelerated by climate change.\nFamine is a technical term that requires certain thresholds to be met before it is declared. The last time the U.N. declared a food crisis so severe was in 2011 in Somalia.\n\"The lesson from the 2011 Somalia famine was, by the time that we declared famine broadly as a world, half those who died had already died,\" U.N. humanitarian chief Stephen O'Brien said. \"This is why we are sounding the alarm now, so that we can actually make the difference to avert the catastrophe.\"\nFILE - In this March 22, 2016 photo, infant Udai Faisal, who is suffering from acute malnutrition, is hospitalized at Al-Sabeen Hospital in Sanaa, Yemen.\nDisaster by the numbers\nThroughout South Sudan, almost 5 million people desperately need food; famine has already been declared in two counties; 1 million people are on brink of famine; 270,000 children are suffering severe acute malnutrition.\nAcross North-East Nigeria, some 5.1 million people face serious food shortages; nearly half a million children are suffering severe acute malnutrition.\n2.9 million people in Somalia urgently need food and livelihood assistance; 185,000 children are suffering acute malnutrition.\nYemen is facing the largest food insecurity emergency in the world, with an estimated 7.3 million people needing help now. \nThe United Nations has scaled up its response in all four countries: In Northeast Nigeria, humanitarians are reaching more than 2 million people with food assistance. In South Sudan, the United Nations and its humanitarian partners aim to assist 5.8 million people this year; in Somalia, 5.5 million people, and in Yemen, 8.3 million.\nSource: United Nations\n",
        "caption": "FILE - In this March 22, 2016 photo, infant Udai Faisal, who is suffering from acute malnutrition, is hospitalized at Al-Sabeen Hospital in Sanaa, Yemen.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/E772791C-C966-46EA-B978-81892A05BAB1.jpg",
        "id": "30583_3",
        "answer": [
            "vulnerable to diseases and outbreaks"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "malnutrition"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_22_3735731",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_22_3735731_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person in the middle of the image trying to discover?",
        "context": "US Lawmakers Explain Claim That Trump Violates Constitution \nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nMembers of the U.S. Congress met with reporters Tuesday to explain their claim that President Donald Trump violated the Constitution for accepting funds from foreign governments through his businesses without congressional approval.\nLast week nearly 200 Democratic lawmakers filed suit against the president in federal court over the payments that hundreds of Trump businesses have received from foreign governments since the presidential inauguration five months ago. The legal action contends Trump and his representatives have concealed the extent and the amount of the payments. \n\u201cThe Constitution of the United States says Congress must consent,\u201d Senator Richard Blumenthal said at Tuesday's news conference. \u201cWe cannot consent to what we don't know. We cannot consent to what Donald Trump has concealed, and he owes the Congress that disclosure.\u201d\nRep. John Conyers, D-Mich., speaks during a hearing of the House Judiciary subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism, Homeland Security, and Investigations, on Capitol Hill, in Washington, April 4, 2017.\nTrump 'either doesn't know or doesn't care' \nCongressman John Conyers of the House Judiciary Committee said he and other Democratic colleagues have written to Trump on multiple occasions, seeking information about the foreign payments. They have not received a response, Conyers said, adding: \u201cLook, it boils down to this: he either doesn't know or doesn't care.\u201d\nAt issue is the Constitution's \u201cforeign emoluments\u201d clause, which prohibits public officials from receiving payments and other gifts from foreign governments with congressional approval.\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nCongressional Democrats Sue for Approval Over Presidential Foreign Payments\nShare this video\n0:02:11\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:11\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 6.3MB\n360p | 10.8MB\n720p | 59.2MB\n1080p | 43.0MB\n'Uncharted territory'\nThe founding founders of the United States, who drafted the Declaration of Independence from Britain and the U.S. Constitution more than 200 years ago, worried that wealthy foreign countries would bribe public leaders of the new nation, Senator Tom Udall said, so they included the emoluments clause in the Constitution to preserve and protect the country's sovereignty.\n\u201cAs with many things, President Trump has taken us into uncharted territory,\u201d Udall said. \u201cToday, because of his continued and unknown business interests, we don't know what motivates President Trump's decision making.\u201d\nSimilar lawsuits have been filed against Trump in recent months, including an action brought by the attorneys general of Maryland and the District of Columbia, home of the nation's capital.\nWhite House press secretary Sean Spicer listens to a reporter's question during a briefing at the White House, June 20, 2017 in Washington.\n'Partisan politics'\nThe suits claim that Trump's acceptance of payments from foreign and U.S. governments through his hotels and other hospitality businesses put competitors at an unfair disadvantage and incentivized governments to give Trump's businesses special treatment.\nIn a motion earlier this month seeking dismissal of one of the private lawsuits, the Justice Department contended the plaintiffs failed to show that their businesses suffered any specific harm to their businesses. Government attorneys said Trump is only prohibited from accepting gifts from foreign governments if they were specifically linked to his role as president.\nWhite House press secretary Sean Spicer said \u201cpartisan politics\u201d motivated the suits filed by Maryland and Washington, D.C.\nU.S. President Donald Trump's sons Donald Trump Jr. (L) and Eric Trump sit in the audience waiting to watch their father announce his nominee for the empty associate justice seat at the U.S. Supreme Court.\nIncome-tax returns\nWhen Trump entered the White House in January he turned over control of his global business empire to his two adult sons and a senior executive and placed his financial assets in a trust controlled by Donald Trump Jr. and the senior executive. The president can resume control of the trust at any time, and he can withdraw cash from the trust whenever he wants.\nCritics contend this arrangement falls far short of divestiture of Trump's assets, or placement of his properties and investments in a blind trust whose proceeds and transactions he can neither influence nor countermand. Such arrangements have been the norm for U.S. presidents for decades, but the structure of Trump's business empire, tightly held and without stockholders' scrutiny, also is quite different from his predecessors' holdings.\nThe president's finances also have drawn scrutiny because he has refused to release copies of his income-tax returns, departing from another well-established custom of American public office-holders. Without such information the general public and news media lack detailed, verified financial information about the president's income, assets and debts.\n",
        "caption": "U.S. Senator Richard Blumenthal, from left, (D-CT), House Judiciary Committee member John Conyers, Jr. (D-MI) and Senator Pat Leahy (R) hold a press conference to outline the claim that U.S. President Donald Trump violated the emoluments clause of the Constitution, June 20, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/0311EA69-54E5-4B28-9157-4917E317405A.jpg",
        "id": "15609_1",
        "answer": [
            "information about the foreign payments",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "John Conyers"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_20_3908949",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_20_3908949_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What do people like those in the image have to do?",
        "context": "Trump's Planned Reduction in Refugees May Hit Myanmar Worst\nKUALA LUMPUR \u2014\u00a0\nTin, her husband and five children have cleared years of refugee hurdles to come to the U.S.: blood tests, interviews, DNA and fingerprints, background checks. She has her one must-bring possession within reach, a well-worn Bible, and keeps their phone charged for the U.S. Embassy to call.\nBut the odds of that happening dropped precipitously.\nPresident Donald Trump's 16-page travel ban \"to keep the bad dudes out\" bars new visas for people from six Muslim-majority countries and shuts down America's refugee program through mid-July. His executive order had been set to take effect Thursday, but a federal judge put it on hold hours before it was to take effect.\nThe order also includes a 55 percent reduction in refugee visas overall, from a planned 110,000 to 50,000 this year. This means, in some of the most desperate places in the world, 60,000 refugee visas are not going to be issued after all.\nWho are the 60,000 people who may have lost their chance to resettle in the U.S. by September? An Associated Press analysis of 10 years of refugee data suggests that their most common country of origin is not any of the six nations in the travel ban, but Myanmar, also known as Burma. Thousands, like Tin and her family, are Christians who were persecuted in their native country.\nThey expected to resettle before September in the U.S., a place they consider home. More than 160,000 Burmese have resettled in the U.S. in the past decade, more than any other group. They account for nearly 25 percent of new U.S. refugees since 2007.\n\"America is really our fatherland in terms of religion,\" said Tin, 38. \"They sent their missionaries to our country and taught us to be Christians. And now we had to escape. All we want is to be safe.\"\nChristians face religious and political discrimination in predominantly Buddhist Myanmar. Its nascent democracy is heavily influenced by a military that ruled for half a century and remains at war with several ethnic groups, some of which are majority Christian.\nTin and her community fled Chin state, where Human Rights Watch says more than 90 percent of the residents were adhering to the tenets the American Baptist Church by 2009, pitting them against a military campaign to elevate Buddhism over all other religions.\nTin and others said that when they gathered for family prayers, people threw rocks at them. Soldiers busted into church services. They hid their precious Bibles for fear of attack.\nSchool teacher Sang, 29, a Burmese refugee who learned English as a theology student, meticulously read through a copy of Trump's executive order last week and then looked up, nodding.\nHe said that while he agreed with the need to keep terrorists out of the U.S., \"We are not terrorists, we are Christians. We will never be a problem in the United States. We will get educations, we will work hard. We only seek safety.\"\nTin and Sang are among more than 100,000 Christian Burmese refugees forced to flee in recent years. They live out of suitcases in abject poverty in Malaysia. Their kids can't go to school, and they risk deportation or detention if they try to report a crime.\nAnd it's not just Christians. Hundreds of thousands of Rohingya Muslims have also been forced to escape the country of 51 million, where soldiers torched homes, raped women and killed them in a crackdown that began in October.\nTrump's \"Executive Order Protecting The Nation From Foreign Terrorist Entry Into The United States,\" says lowering the cap is necessary to U.S. interests. But the swift reduction in refugee visas interrupts work underway by federal law enforcement agencies and nonprofits around the world to vet 110,000 people in 2017, the highest number in decades. It was an attempt to put a small dent in the record 65 million refugees, asylum seekers and internally displaced persons worldwide.\nNearly 38,000 have been admitted so far. Another 72,000 were preparing to arrive before the fiscal year ends in September. Instead, under Trump's order just 12,000 more will be allowed in. Exceptions can be made if the secretaries of State and Homeland Security agree.\n\"The safety and security of the American people is our highest priority,\" said a State Department official who provided a statement on condition of anonymity because he wasn't authorized to talk on the record about it.\nThe U.S. defines refugees as people of \"special humanitarian concern\" who have been persecuted because of their race, religion, nationality, political opinion, or membership in a particular social group.\nAn AP analysis found that nearly half the refugees who have arrived in fiscal year 2017 came from the seven majority Muslim countries named in an earlier executive order. Refugees from Syria, in particular, have arrived in greater numbers in the past twelve months. Burma's share has dropped from 26 percent of all spots in 2015 to just 8 percent of the refugee caseload so far this fiscal year.\nThe AP also found refugees from Bhutan and Afghanistan make up a smaller proportion admitted in 2017 than in previous years.\nAbout 210,000 refugees, largely Vietnamese and Cambodians, came to the U.S. in 1980, the most in any year. Refugee arrivals dropped to less than 30,000 after 9/11 prompted strict new immigration rules. But they have increased fairly steadily since 2004, and overall refugee admissions reached 85,000 last year.\nThe journeys of Burmese refugees begin in some of the poorest places on Earth: remote villages in strife-ridden regions. They pay smugglers upward of $500 for the harrowing two-week journey. Some end up in Thailand, where an estimated 100,000 live in refugee camps, known locally as ``temporary shelters.'' Thai officials did not allow AP to visit.\nIn Malaysia there are about 130,000 Burmese refugees awaiting resettlement. They live in Kuala Lumpur's poorest neighborhoods, their makeshift plywood walls dividing ordinary two-bedroom apartment into a half dozen stifling family units, a stark contrast to city's glimmering skyscrapers. They can stay for years, their belongings packed in baggage, so they can be near the United Nations and U.S. Embassy if called to get stamps on documents or meet with officials.\nEarlier this week, Tin \u2014 the mother waiting for the Embassy to call \u2014 dropped off her youngest son at a volunteer-run school. A teacher wrote words on the board, and asked students for three descriptive phrases.\nBauri Ram, 11, stared at his word, President.\n\"Donald Trump,\" someone had written. \"Help other people.\"\nBauri Ram took up the blue marker: \"They help refugees.\"\n",
        "caption": "In this March 11, 2017 photo, Tin, a Christian Burmese refugee, leaves a school after dropping off her children in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Tin is a Christian Burmese who fled Myanmar and is hoping to resettle in the United States. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/32323596-9652-4234-81D3-9A17B1D209C7.jpg",
        "id": "18530_1",
        "answer": [
            "flee",
            "blood tests, interviews, DNA and fingerprints, background checks",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Tin",
            "refugee"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_16_3768826",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_16_3768826_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "what did the people in the image do?",
        "context": "2 US Senate Democrats Seek Probes of Administration's Secret Messaging\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nTwo U.S. Senate Democrats on Tuesday called for governmentwide investigations into the Trump administration's use of secretive messaging phone applications and whether officials are ignoring or delaying responses to some congressional oversight requests.\nDelaware Senator Tom Carper and Missouri Senator Claire McCaskill, both members of the Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee, asked the inspectors general at 24 executive agencies and departments to investigate whether officials are using apps for work that make it hard to trace communications.\nThe apps encrypt messages and automatically delete them after they are read, which could run afoul of laws on preserving government records, the senators wrote.\nWhile Republicans control both the Senate and the House of Representatives, Democrats in Congress can still request that inspectors general, neutral investigators who check up on various federal offices, look into specific matters.\nThey also asked the inspectors general whether officials in the administration of Republican President Donald Trump are directing employees of government agencies to ignore requests for information from Democrats in Congress. Members of both parties objected after the administration said agencies do not have to honor requests made by senior Democrats on congressional committees.\nHiding key information?\nDemocrats and public interest groups are worried that the Trump administration is hiding important information about possible wrongdoing and stonewalling potential critics. They are also worried about social media, where Trump has tweeted and then later deleted posts.\nThe office of the Department of Justice's inspector general, Michael Horowitz, who also chairs the council of federal inspectors general, declined to comment on the letter.\nThe White House did not respond to a request for comment.\nThe federal government has strict laws on preserving records, which can be used to uncover and prosecute public corruption and collusion. Inspectors general themselves often rely on archived emails and text messages in investigations.\nSince Trump's inauguration in January, many Washington insiders have embraced messaging apps that promptly destroy chats, encrypt texts and phone calls, and leave no trace of communication on smartphones.\nConcerns about information security have grown in the wake of the hack of the Democratic Party's emails, criticism of candidate Hillary Clinton's use of a private server, and laws that count communications from nongovernment accounts as federal records.\nJournalists and officials now frequently communicate via the encrypted Signal or Confide messenger apps. Confide is so popular that the company hosted a media-and-technology event during this year's White House Correspondents' Dinner weekend.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee member Sen. Claire McCaskill, D-Mo., asks a question during a hearing on Capitol Hill in Washington, Dec. 4, 2007. Sen. Tom Carper, D-Del. is at right. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/9B69A02C-0B8E-45C1-84C0-B508980B2885.jpg",
        "id": "4616_1",
        "answer": [
            "asked the inspectors general at 24 executive agencies and departments to investigate whether officials are using apps for work that make it hard to trace communications",
            "called for governmentwide investigations into the Trump administration's use of secretive messaging phone applications and whether officials are ignoring or delaying responses to some congressional oversight requests"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Claire McCaskill, Tom Carper",
            "Delaware Senator Tom Carper and Missouri Senator Claire McCaskill"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_13_3899193",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_13_3899193_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in the red tie in the image recommend?",
        "context": "Pence: 'All Options' Considered for Dealing With North Korea\nWHITE HOUSE \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. Vice President Mike Pence said Tuesday the international community should be applying diplomatic and economic pressure on North Korea to get that country to abandon its nuclear weapons and ballistic missile programs.\nSpeaking during a visit to Japan, Pence said the U.S. \"will not relent\" until it achieves the goal of a denuclearized Korean peninsula, and that \"all options are on the table.\"\nHe cited past international efforts to negotiate with North Korea on its nuclear program, including the most recent six-party talks that broke down in 2009, saying the North Korean side has repeatedly responded with \"broken promises and more provocations.\"\nPence again stated that \"the era of strategic patience is over,\" advocating as the best way forward dialogue among the U.S., Japan, South Korea and China in order to isolate and pressure North Korea.\nJapanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, who hosted Pence for talks in Tokyo, said he appreciates the Trump administration's \"all options\" approach. Abe added that he hopes for peaceful dialogue with North Korea, but that \u201cdialogue for the sake of dialogue\u201d has no value.\nWatch: North Korea reacts to tough talk from Trump\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nNorth Korea Preparing for 'Any Mode of War' With US\nShare this video\n0:02:05\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:05\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 5.9MB\n360p | 8.6MB\n720p | 53.0MB\n1080p | 37.2MB\nThe comments came a day after North Korea tried and failed to launch a missile from its submarine base at Sinpo.\nU.S. Defense Secretary Jim Mattis called the failed missile launch a reckless provocation. \u201cThe leader in North Korea again recklessly tried to provoke something by launching a missile,\u201d Mattis told reporters Tuesday aboard a U.S. military aircraft while en route to Saudi Arabia.\nBack in Washington, White House press secretary Sean Spicer indicated tolerance for a bit more patience on the U.S. side during a briefing with reporters Monday.\n\u201cI think that we're going to continue to work with China in particular to help find a way forward,\u201d Spicer said.\nThe press secretary characterized \u201cthe era of strategic patience\u201d as an Obama administration policy of \u201cbasically wait and see\u201d that is not prudent for the United States. But, he added, as a result of the recent talks between President Donald Trump and Chinese President Xi Jinping, the current administration is giving Beijing time to use its economic and political influence on Pyongyang.\nWhite House Press Secretary Sean Spicer takes a question during a press briefing at the White House in Washington, April 17, 2017.\nThe vice president, speaking to reporters Monday near the Korean Demilitarized Zone, said \u201cPresident Trump has made it clear that the patience of the United States and our allies in this region has run out and we want to see change. We want to see North Korea abandon its reckless path of the development of nuclear weapons and also its continual use and testing of ballistic missiles is unacceptable.\u201d\nWATCH: 'The Era of Strategic Patience is Over,' Pence Says\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nPence: The Era of Strategic Patience is Over\nShare this video\n0:00:42\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:42\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 1.5MB\n360p | 1.8MB\n480p | 8.4MB\nAt a hastily called news conference Monday in New York, North Korea's deputy ambassador to the United Nations, Kim In Ryong, accused the United States of pushing the Korean peninsula \"to the brink of a war,\" warning that a \"thermo-nuclear war may break out at any moment on the peninsula.\"\nReferring to the deployment of the USS Carl Vinson aircraft carrier and its strike group to waters off the Korean peninsula, Kim said if Washington \"dares opt for a military action,\" calling it a preemptive strike, \"the DPRK is ready to react to any mode of war desired by the U.S.\"\nSuch belligerent rhetoric from North Korea's state media and officials is common.\nPyongyang has yet to conduct its anticipated sixth nuclear test, amid indications it has made all preparations for such an event. North Korea held a massive military parade Saturday, exhibiting some new long-range and submarine-based missiles.\nPence's visit to Northeast Asia comes at a time of heightened tensions over North Korea's defiant efforts to ultimately develop a nuclear tipped intercontinental ballistic missile capable of reaching the U.S. mainland, and the Trump administration's determination to prevent that from happening.\nU.S. Vice President Mike Pence, left, speaks as South Korea's acting President and Prime Minister Hwang Kyo-ahn listens during a joint news conference after their meeting in Seoul, South Korea, April 17, 2017.\n\"I think the U.S. has been clear that we want to resolve this issue through the peaceful de-nuclearization of the Korean peninsula,\" said Acting Assistant Secretary of State Susan Thornton. \"We are definitely not seeking conflict or regime change, but we are committed to defending our people and our allies, should it be necessary.\"\nTrump on Monday told a reporter that North Korea has \"got to behave\" and, in remarks recorded for airing Tuesday on a Fox News program, contended that his presidential predecessors had \"all been outplayed\" by North Korean leader Kim Jong Un.\nIt is a questionable whether Trump is serious about the use of force against Kim or just bluffing to pressure him and the Chinese, according to one analyst.\nThe national security adviser, General H.R. McMaster, and Defense Secretary Jim Mattis \"are well aware that North Korea is not Syria or Afghanistan, and that a military strike against the North is a risky gambit whose full import is impossible to anticipate,\" a former CIA analyst on Korean issues, Sue Mi Terry, told VOA.\n\"My take is that all of this rhetoric is simply to ramp up the pressure and signal to the world, particularly China and North Korea, that they are not pushovers like they think the Obama administration had been,\" added Terry, who served as Northeast Asia affairs director on the National Security Council at the end of the Bush and beginning of the Obama administrations.\nTerry said she sees the Trump administration's approach as \"an intensification of Obama's sanctions approach,\" adding it is yet unclear what is replacing strategic patience.\nBrian Padden and Youmi Kim in Seoul, Pentagon correspondent Carla Babb; Margaret Besheer at the U.N., and Cindy Saine at the State Department contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "U.S. Vice President Mike Pence (L) and Japan's Deputy Prime Minister Taro Aso attend their joint news conference after their talks at the Prime Minister Shinzo Abe's official residence in Tokyo, April 18, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/5B0130C3-ADD1-4F81-99D0-2B9EF555B4BB.jpg",
        "id": "17567_1",
        "answer": [
            "diplomatic and economic pressure",
            "dialogue among the U.S., Japan, South Korea and China in order to isolate and pressure North Korea",
            "applying diplomatic and economic pressure on North Korea to get that country to abandon its nuclear weapons and ballistic missile programs"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "U.S. Vice President Mike Pence",
            "Mike Pence"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_17_3814221",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_17_3814221_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the person in the image with the red tie support?",
        "context": "Trump Anxiety an Issue in South Korean Presidential Election\nSEOUL \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. President Donald Trump could be a key factor in next week\u2019s South Korean presidential election on May 9.\nTrump has alienated many in South Korea with his recent demand that the Seoul government pay $1 billion for the U.S. Terminal High Altitude Defense (THAAD) anti-missile defense system being deployed on the Korean Peninsula, his criticism of the U.S.-South Korea free trade agreement, and even his praise for North Korean leader Kim Jong Un, as well as for expressing a willingness to meet Kim without first consulting his key military allies in Asia.\nFILE - U.S. Forces Korea, a truck carrying parts of U.S. missile launchers and other equipment needed to set up the Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) missile defense system arrive at Osan air base in Pyeongtaek, South Korea.\nTrump\u2019s controversial criticisms of South Korea seem to be helping the presidential candidate most opposed to the U.S. hard-line policy on North Korea.\nDancing liberals\nMoon Jae-in\u2019s supporters were literally dancing in the street at a campaign event in Seoul. The liberal Democratic Party of Korea candidate surged to 41 percent approval rating in the Dailian Internet news site survey taken on Tuesday, the last day polls are allowed prior to the election. Moon now has a 20-percentage point lead over his closest rivals.\nThe human rights lawyer supports the U.S. alliance. But he argues that U.S. policies emphasizing military pressure and sanctions alone will not resolve the North Korean nuclear threat.\nFILE - Moon Jae-in, the presidential candidate of the Democratic Party of Korea, speaks during a televised debate in Goyang, South Korea, April 25, 2017.\nMoon wants to ease tensions through dialogue and engagement and has said he would consider reopening the jointly run Kaesong Industrial Complex in North Korea, which was closed following Pyongyang\u2019s fourth nuclear test in 2016.\nHe also called for delaying the THAAD anti-missile battery currently being deployed in the southeastern region of the country, until the next president takes office.\nMoon\u2019s reluctance on this issue had run counter to increasing South Korean support for THAAD in the face of continued North Korean ballistic missile tests. But his supporters credit him for standing up for local opponents concerned about possible public health effects from the weapon system\u2019s powerful radar, and for wanting first to study the security benefits of THAAD, versus the risk of further provoking North Korea and alienating China, which has reportedly retaliated by limiting tourism and some imports.\n\u201cOur party thinks (THAAD) must be renegotiated to adjust any cost sharing expenses, as it was done by the previous government,\u201d said Song Jung-Bin, a Moon supporter with the Democratic Party Of Korea.\nAfter President Trump\u2019s $1 billion THAAD demand, Moon\u2019s lead in the polls increased.\nLiberal rival\nLiberal rival Ahn Cheol-soo, the People\u2019s Party candidate, supported more pro-U.S. positions on THAAD and boosting defense spending, while at the same time also advocating dialogue and intense diplomacy to peacefully resolve the longstanding division at the heart of this crisis.\nFILE - Ahn Cheol-soo, a presidential candidate of South Korea's People's Party, speaks at a forum in Seoul, South Korea, Thursday, April 6, 2017.\nBut Ahn\u2019s rating in the last poll fell to only 19 percent. Even though he sharply opposed Trump's $1 billion demand, some critics say his vague move to the center was not enough to attract enough either conservatives or liberals.\nShy conservatives\nThe conservatives, lead by Liberty Korea Party candidate Hong Joon-pyo, have struggled to regain public trust in the wake of the impeachment of ex-President Park Guen-hye over an alleged corruption scandal, that precipitated this early presidential election.\nFILE - (L-R) Sim Sang-jung, candidate of the leftist Justice Party, Hong Joon-pyo, candidate of the conservative Liberty Korea Party, Yoo Seung-min, candidate of the conservative Bareun Party, Moon Jae-in, candidate of the liberal Democratic Party of Korea.\nHong\u2019s supporters say their candidate\u2019s hardline support for THAAD, and for deploying tactical nuclear weapons in South Korea, will win support from a pro-national security silent majority overlooked by the liberal media.\n\u201cCurrently in South Korea [many people] are hiding their thoughts and votes,\u201d said Lee Sung-Kook, a Yangcheon-gu district committee member of Liberty Korea Party.\nBut Trump\u2019s comments, not just on THAAD, but also calling North Korean leader Kim Jong Un a \u201csmart cookie\u201d for brutally consolidating power, has depressed support for the United States among some far right conservatives occupying a protest camp in front of Seoul\u2019s city hall.\n\u201cI am heartbroken over the U.S. because of [Trump's] recent comments,\u201d said Hwang Eung-Joo with the Patriotic Camp that was originally set up to protest Park\u2019s impeachment.\nAnxiety over Trump may further depress the conservative vote while energizing liberals that want the next South Korean president to stand up to American pressure.\nYoumi Kim in Seoul contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - (L-R) Sim Sang-jung, candidate of the leftist Justice Party, Hong Joon-pyo, candidate of the conservative Liberty Korea Party, Yoo Seung-min, candidate of the conservative Bareun Party, Moon Jae-in, candidate of the liberal Democratic Party of Korea.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/01D600CE-17EE-4799-8DEE-D8DC4430B8E4.jpg",
        "id": "8502_4",
        "answer": [
            "THAAD",
            "deploying tactical nuclear weapons in South Korea"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Hong",
            "Hong Joon-pyo"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_04_3837384",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_04_3837384_4"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person speaking to others in the image say?",
        "context": "White House: Trump Has 'Buffet of Options' to Get Mexico to Pay for Border Wall\nThe White House says President Donald Trump has a \"buffet of options\" on how to get Mexico to pay for the wall he wants to build along the U.S.-Mexican border.\nPlans for the controversial wall have soured Mexican relations with the United States, just days into the Trump presidency.\nEarlier Thursday, White House Press Secretary Sean Spicer told reporters Trump wanted to slap a 20 percent tax on all imports from Mexico. He said the new tax would raise $10 billion a year and \"easily pay for the wall.\" He also said the president discussed the idea with congressional leaders and wanted to include the measure in a comprehensive tax reform package that Congress would have to approve.\nWhite House press secretary Sean Spicer speaks to reporters on Air Force One en route to Andrews Air Force Base from Philadelphia, Jan. 26, 2017. Spicer says that taxing imports from Mexico would generate $10 billion a year and \"easily pay for the wall.\"\nBut later, the White House said the idea is just one of several options on the table for paying for a wall along the southern border. And it said Trump has yet to make a final decision about how the U.S. will recoup the costs of his proposed border wall.\nU.S. taxpayers initially would foot the bill for the wall, which is expected to cost as much as $15 billion.\nIt is unclear what retaliatory steps Mexico could take if the border tax is approved, because exports to the U.S. are essential to the Mexican economy.\nOn Thursday, Mexican President Enrique Pena Nieto canceled next week's meeting with Trump in Washington after Trump said the talks should be called off if Mexico kept insisting it would not pay for the wall.\n\"The president of Mexico and myself have agreed to cancel our planned meeting scheduled for next week,\" Trump said. \"Unless Mexico treats the United States fairly, with respect, such a meeting would be fruitless, and I want to go a different route. We have no choice.\"\nTrump and Pena Nieto spoke by telephone for an hour on Friday. Administration officials confirmed the conversation took place but provided no details.\nA front-page newspaper headline reads \"He did it!\" over a picture of U.S. President Donald Trump holding up signed documents, as he took action to jump-start construction on a promised border wall, in Mexico City, Jan. 26, 2017.\nVital to Mexico\nTrump made building a wall one of his top promises during the presidential campaign. He often led his supporters in chants of \"build the wall, build the wall.\"\nThe wall along the U.S.-Mexican border would be primarily aimed at stopping illegal immigration into the U.S. But many Mexicans regard the idea of a wall as an insult, and the rough terrain and stretches of private property along the border could make building the wall a long, complicated project.\nTrump on Thursday also blasted the North American Free Trade Agreement between the U.S., Mexico, and Canada. He called it a \"total disaster\" for the U.S., costing as much as $60 billion each year in trade deficits with Mexico.\n\"Not to mention millions of jobs and thousands and thousands of factories and plants closing down all over our country,\" he said. \"On top of that are the trillions of dollars the U.S. taxpayers have spent to pay the cost of illegal immigration.\"\nPeople look out toward where border structure separates San Diego, right, from Tijuana, Mexico, left, Jan. 25, 2017. President Donald Trump moved aggressively to tighten the nation's immigration controls Wednesday, signing executive actions to jump-start construction of a U.S.-Mexico border wall.\nTrump and Pena Nieto met in August in Mexico City to discuss immigration, the border wall and other issues. Trump said that he and Pena Nieto did not discuss who would pay for the proposed wall. But the Mexican president said he began their conversation by telling Trump that Mexico would not pay.\n",
        "caption": "White House press secretary Sean Spicer speaks to reporters on Air Force One en route to Andrews Air Force Base from Philadelphia, Jan. 26, 2017. Spicer says that taxing imports from Mexico would generate $10 billion a year and \"easily pay for the wall.\"",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/AF06375C-DE8A-4A41-ACCC-19A624A06477.jpg",
        "id": "7151_2",
        "answer": [
            "taxing imports from Mexico would generate $10 billion a year and \"easily pay for the wall.\"",
            "Trump wanted to slap a 20 percent tax on all imports from Mexico"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "White House press secretary Sean Spicer",
            "Sean Spicer"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_26_3694576",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_26_3694576_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What are the people in the image talking about?",
        "context": "Trump Meets With Putin as G-20 Protests Rage\nPresident Donald Trump said Friday he and Russian President Vladimir Putin have discussed \"various things\" and he anticipates future developments that are beneficial to both countries.\n\u201cI look forward to a lot of positive things happening for Russia and the United States,\u201d Trump said at the beginning of his first official face-to-face meeting with Putin, a formal bilateral discussion that is overshadowing the gathering in Hamburg, Germany, of the leaders of the world\u2019s 20 largest economies.\nThe meeting is fraught with symbolism as Trump, still new to the world of global diplomacy, sits down with Putin, a former KGB agent, who came to power in what amounted to a Kremlin coup 17 years ago. Putin has a reputation for keeping negotiating partners off balance.\nObservers are closely scrutinizing the meeting for signs of how the two leaders interact. Relations between Putin and former President Barack Obama were strained, and Trump repeatedly has said he would like to improve ties with Russia.\nThere is skepticism in the U.S. about Russia's intentions, primarily as a result of ongoing investigations into whether the Trump campaign colluded with Russia as it interfered in last November\u2019s U.S. presidential election. Trump aides said the president might bring up the election-meddling issue, but he is not likely to dwell on it.\nLawmakers in both political parties have said Trump must confront Putin over the election interference. Republican House Foreign Affairs Committee member Adam Kinzinger said this week he would \u201craise holy hell\u201d if Trump does not tell Putin that Russia must stop meddling in elections in the U.S. and elsewhere.\nAt an earlier stop in Poland, Trump accused Moscow of engaging in destabilizing behavior. \n\"We urge Russia to cease its destabilizing activities in Ukraine and elsewhere and its support for hostile regimes including Syria and Iran, and to instead join the community of responsible nations in our fight against common enemies and the defense of civilization itself,\" he said.\nRussia denied the charges.\nThe U.S. leader had other meetings scheduled with the leaders of Mexico and Britain on Friday. \nTrump was also to join a discussion on climate, an issue driving many of the protesters who took to the streets of Hamburg again on the first day of the summit.\nA woman is pepper-sprayed by police after she climbed an armored police vehicle on the first day of the G-20 summit in Hamburg, northern Germany, July 7, 2017.\nProtesters aim to disrupt\nLeftist demonstrators were out in force again Friday, forming human chains to block access by delegations to the summit site. Riot police moved in and used water cannons to disperse the protesters.\nGerman officials had been anticipating big protests in the city in the run-up to the two-day gathering and have deployed 20,000 officers, including some brought in from other European countries. \nPolice officials said 8,000 demonstrators were already in the city, and they were expecting a second wave of demonstrations on Friday afternoon. \nOfficials said protests were expected to peak on Saturday, with as many as 100,000 protesters descending on the streets of the city.\nProtesters have set up camps in central Hamburg where they have been sleeping in tents and lining up for free vegan meals.\nMost demonstrators approached by a reporter at two camps were reluctant to be interviewed. \u201cPeople are really suspicious about the media. They feel that the media is more against us than with us, that the media is more with the G-20 and not with the protests and that makes people suspicious,\u201d a demonstrator told VOA. \nThe protesters\u2019 aim is to disrupt the G-20 summit.Most support leftist and anarchist causes and see the grouping as a gathering of the world\u2019s wealthy elite who they blame for global economic disparities.Their target is largely President Trump, and many said they are outraged by his decision to pull the United States out of the Paris climate accord. \nThe demonstrators, who are largely German, also took aim at Chancellor Angela Merkel.\u201cShe is representing all the connections and all the work with lobbyists, with the automobile industries, with the war industries. She is also representative for lobbyism, for capitalism,\u201d said a demonstrator.\n",
        "caption": "President Donald Trump meets with Russian President Vladimir Putin at the G20 Summit, July 7, 2017, in Hamburg. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/1AFAEB15-C819-4605-839E-EE3BA1370193.jpg",
        "id": "3887_1",
        "answer": [
            "various things",
            "\"various things\""
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Donald Trump",
            "Trump, Putin"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_07_3932314",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_07_3932314_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in the middle of the image do?",
        "context": "Venezuela Opposition Seeks International Support for \u2018Democratic Agenda\u2019\nLIMA, PERU \u2014\u00a0\nVenezuela's opposition is pushing other Latin American countries to pressure President Nicolas Maduro's government into implementing a \u201cdemocratic agenda,\u201d opposition leader Julio Borges said on Thursday.\nBorges, the president of Venezuela's opposition-led National Assembly, traveled to Lima to meet with Peruvian legislators and President Pedro Pablo Kuczynski, who has been one of the most vocal critics of Maduro among Latin American heads of state.\nHe said the humanitarian crisis and strong protests against Maduro's socialist government had crossed Venezuela's borders due to a wave of refugees across the region.\n\u201cThe request I'm bringing to the Peruvian congress and president is that they help us, together with other presidents who we've spoken with, to create a large group of presidents who are friends and proponents of democracy in Venezuela,\u201d Borges told Reuters.\nAn opposition member waves a Venezuelan flag as National Assembly President Julio Borges speaks during a special public session at a square in Caracas, Venezuela, April 1, 2017.\nFive weeks of protests\nVenezuela has suffered through more than five weeks of violent anti-government protests that have left at least 39 dead. The opposition has decried Maduro as an autocrat who has wrecked the OPEC nation's economy, and demanded elections to resolve the political crisis.\nPeru recalled its ambassador to Caracas in late March.\nBorges said the aim of the strategy of street protests and calls for international pressure was to \u201cbreak the conscience of the armed forces and the political groups\u201d that still support Maduro, and to avoid more deaths.\n\u201cIt's important \u2014 fundamental \u2014 that we get several governments in the region to unite in the short term to make sure in Venezuela there exists nothing other than a popular and democratic agenda,\u201d Borges said upon exiting an interview with local radio station RPP.\nHe declined to specify which other countries he had visited or planned to visit, but had told RPP that he would seek support from Colombia, Argentina, Ecuador and Brazil. Socialist Venezuela has lost many regional allies as several Latin American countries have moved to the right in recent years.\n\u201cThere's a new map in Latin America that I'm sure will strongly support this democratic agenda for Venezuela,\u201d Borges said.\nNewly named National Security Adviser Army Lt. Gen. H.R. McMaster listens as U.S. President Donald Trump makes the announcement at his Mar-a-Lago estate in Palm Beach, Florida, Feb. 20, 2017.\nBorges meets with McMaster\nLast week, Borges met with U.S. President Donald Trump's national security advisor H.R. McMaster, where they agreed on the need to bring Venezuela's crisis to a quick and peaceful conclusion.\nThe meeting came after Maduro announced the creation of a new popular assembly, which foes decried as a power grab aimed at sidelining the National Assembly.\n",
        "caption": "Venezuela's National Assembly President Julio Borges, center, surrounded by fellow legislators, speaks during a meeting with the media, in Caracas, Venezuela, April 18, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/5A39B3E7-2C69-45A0-82A5-74B2B62BFAAC.jpg",
        "id": "27803_1",
        "answer": [
            "traveled to Lima"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Borges"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_11_3848294",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_11_3848294_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where were many objects like those in the image bought?",
        "context": "Modi to Embrace India's Growing Ties with Israel\nIndia and Israel are expected to set up strategic partnerships on agriculture and water technology during Prime Minister Narendra Modi's groundbreaking visit to Tel Aviv and Jerusalem this week, senior Israeli officials said Monday.\nModi, whose visit will begin Tuesday in Tel Aviv, is the first Indian government leader to visit Israel, although the two countries have had friendly diplomatic relations for 25 years.\nA senior Israeli official and former ambassador to India, Mark Sofer, said in Jerusalem that Modi and Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu will discuss a plan to boost India's food security. Israel is expected to expand agriculture expertise centers that it already operates in 15 Indian states to help boost output of vegetable and fruit crops, including mangoes and pomegranates. \nIsrael also is an important source of water technology for India, Sofer said, adding: \"Other issues that we will be dealing with through the visit are innovation [and] space cooperation. The Indian government will be opening up a cultural center in Israel and we will be setting up a very important CEO [chief executive officers'] forum of top echelons of the business communities of India and Israel.\"\nNo visit to West Bank on agenda\nNew Delhi, traditionally a supporter of the Palestinian cause, has quietly fostered growing ties with Israel, but avoided high-profile visits to the Jewish state until now. Modi, a Hindu nationalist who has forged new ground in many aspects of India's foreign relations, has displayed none of the hesitation and caution that marked New Delhi's ties to Israel years ago.\nModi will not travel to Ramallah to meet with Palestinian leaders during his three-day visit. Despite that, analysts said India's ties with the Palestinian Authority remains robust, and were plain to see during Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas' visit to India in May.\nFollowing his Israeli visit, Modi will head to Hamburg, Germany, for the Group of 20 meeting later this week that will bring together the leaders of nations that have about two-thirds of the entire world's population.\nThe Indian prime minister has long been an admirer of Israel's military and technical expertise, and a thriving defense partnership lies at the core of the upswing in bilateral ties. Israel has become India's third-largest arms supplier, behind Russia and the United States, as New Delhi spends billions of dollars on a modernization program for its armed forces.\nFILE - Military weapons move along the Republic Day Parade route in New Delhi, India, Jan. 26, 2015.\nBehind-the-scenes talks on military sales\nFor Israel, India is its biggest export market for military supplies and weapons, up to $1 billion a year on average. Israel's Sofer refused to discuss that sector during his meeting with reporters in Jerusalem on Monday: \"We have no intention whatsoever, like any other country in the world, of discussing our defense partnership or relationship with any country, including the one that we are talking about now.\"\nAt the Indian Foreign Ministry, Bala Bhaskar, in charge of West Asian affairs, said the two prime ministers will focus on expanding defense, technological and commercial ties. \"It is a very wide-ranging partnership,\" he said, \"and we want to bring a definite shape and advance this cooperation in several areas.\"\n\"The Modi government is a lot less constrained by the previous political thinking about not upsetting the Arabs or visibly giving up on the Palestinian cause \u2014 or, for that matter, courting Indian Muslims' sentiment at home,\" said Bharat Karnad, an analyst at the Center for Policy Research in New Delhi.\nIsrael has quietly supported India's military needs for decades: It sent arms to India during the war with Pakistan in 1971, and repeated that support during another conflict with Pakistan in 1999.\nTwo months ago, Israel Aerospace Industries sealed a $2 billion deal to supply India with air and missile defense systems to be fitted on warships. The systems are to be built jointly by the two countries, and the project is seen as a boost for Modi's campaign to develop a domestic defense industry.\nFILE - Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi looks toward President Donald Trump as he speaks in the Rose Garden at the White House, June 26, 2017, in Washington.\nPomp and splendor for Indian visitor\nThe Israeli government is preparing to receive Modi with the kind of ceremonial welcome normally reserved for visiting U.S. presidents. The Jerusalem Post reported the Indian prime minister will stay in the same luxury suite at the King David Hotel in Jerusalem that was prepared for President Donald Trump's recent trip to Israel.\nModi also will address a rally of Israelis whose origins lie in India on Wednesday night at the Tel Aviv fairgrounds. The Indian embassy, which is organizing the event and has chartered buses to bring in attendees from all parts of the Jewish state, expects 4,000 or more people to take part.\nSuch rallies are a hallmark of Modi's foreign travels and his enthusiasm for people-to-people contacts. India's ambassador to Israel, Pavan Kapoor, said the prime minister sees Indians abroad as bridges between the countries where they are living and the country of their birth.\nThe Jerusalem Post recounted the story Monday of Noah Massil, a writer and poet in Jerusalem who immigrated to Israel from Bombay in 1970.\nMassil said he will happily attend Modi's rally for several reasons. \"First of all, India is the only country in the world where there was never anti-Semitism,\" he told the newspaper. Jews lived in India \"for 2,300 years and they treated us as equals,\" he added. \"We lived there in peace.\"\nMassil said he wants to identify with India, \"to show that we, the descendants of India, have not forgotten\" the fair treatment they received.\nEditor's note: This story was updated to correct an erroneous reference to the Palestinian Authority as \"Palestine.\"\nVOA's Anjana Pasricha in New Delhi contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Military weapons move along the Republic Day Parade route in New Delhi, India, Jan. 26, 2015.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/CA2DE313-BA0A-4335-9DDD-49156B27E10D.jpg",
        "id": "30750_2",
        "answer": [
            "Israel"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "weapons"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_03_3925933",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_03_3925933_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the people like those in the image do?",
        "context": "Pakistan: Recent Border Fight Killed 50 Afghan Troops\nISLAMABAD \u2014\u00a0\nPakistan claims last week\u2019s border clashes with Afghanistan left more than 50 Afghan security troops dead and scores of others wounded while five of their outposts were destroyed.\nMajor-General Nadeem Anjum, commander of the provincial paramilitary Frontier Corps (FC) shared the details Sunday in Quetta, the capital of the southwestern border province of Baluchistan where Thursday\u2019s skirmishes occurred.\nThe Afghan government swiftly rejected the claims, saying the fighting left four people, including two security personnel, dead on its side with more than 30 wounded.\nPakistani General Anjum blamed Afghan forces for initiating the conflict by staging an \u201cunprovoked\u201d attack on a government team conducting a census on the Pakistani side of two divided villages at the Chaman border.\nHe reiterated that Afghan authorities had been alerted through military and diplomatic channels about the planned census activity. The cross-border Afghan fire killed at least 12 Pakistanis and wounded more than 40 others, including civilians and security forces, provoking Pakistan\u2019s retaliation, Anjum noted.\nPakistan has since closed the busy Chaman border crossing with landlocked Afghanistan.\nSpeaking separately to reporters in Quetta, regional military commander Lt. General Aamir Riaz would not say whether Pakistan plans to reopen the crossing as it has stranded hundreds of transit and trade convoys.\n\u201cIt will remain closed as long as Afghanistan does not mend its unwise way. This unwise way is not good for Afghanistan ,\u201d the general asserted.\nBut Afghan provincial police chief General Abdul Raziq maintains the villages are located in a disputed part of the border between the two countries, and his forces had warned Pakistani officials against conducting census or any other activity.\nThe Durand line, on the Afghanistan-Pakistan border\nAfghanistan disputes portions of its nearly 2,600-kilometer border with Pakistan, which is known as the Durand Line. The frontier was established in 1896 when Britain was ruling the Indian subcontinent.\nIslamabad dismisses Kabul's objections over the demarcation and maintains Pakistan inherited the international frontier when it gained independence from Britain in 1947.\n",
        "caption": "Afghan Border Police personnel keep watch during an ongoing battle between Pakistani and Afghan Border forces near the Durand line at Spin Boldak, in southern Kandahar province, May 5, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/790B6DA4-9F74-442A-9CAD-FB6579A7F0FC.jpg",
        "id": "7751_1",
        "answer": [
            "initiating the conflict by staging an \u201cunprovoked\u201d attack on a government team conducting a census",
            "warned Pakistani officials against conducting census or any other activity"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "police",
            "Afghan Border Police personnel"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_07_3841265",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_07_3841265_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person with the yellow tie in the image doing?",
        "context": "McConnell: GOP Getting Ready for Senate Health Care Vote\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nRepublicans are getting ready for Senate votes on legislation scuttling former President Barack Obama's health care law, Majority Leader Mitch McConnell said Tuesday among growing indications that the climactic vote could occur next week.\n\"The Senate will soon have a chance to turn the page on this failed law,'' said the Kentucky Republican. He said GOP senators have had \"many productive discussions'' on the measure and added, \"We have to act, and we are.''\nOn MSNBC's \"Morning Joe,'' Sen. Bob Corker, R-Tenn., said GOP senators will be briefed on the emerging bill Wednesday and he expects to see the legislation the next day, about a week before a vote occurs.\nEven so, lobbyists said final decisions had yet to be made on some issues, including how to make sure that health care tax subsidies Republicans would provide cannot used to buy insurance that covers abortion. That's a crucial problem for the GOP because many conservative Republican senators are demanding such restrictions.\nLacking the votes to stop it, Democrats are criticizing the still-evolving bill as a stealthy measure that GOP leaders want to rush through the chamber before anyone knows what's really in it.\nDemocrats concede that Obama's prized statute needs changes to shore up some regional markets where insurers are losing money. But they praise its impact on providing coverage to around 20 million additional people and forcing insurers to provide more generous benefits.\nThey held the Senate floor for several hours late Monday and promised to use procedural tactics to slow the Senate's work in an effort to focus attention on the Republican effort. They also forced McConnell to turn aside requests to require Senate committees to debate and vote on the measure, a step in the legislative process that GOP leaders have foregone.\n\"The combination of secrecy and speed are a toxic recipe,'' said Sen. Richard Blumenthal, D-Conn.\nSen. Catherine Cortez Masto, D-Nev., called the secrecy of the GOP effort \"an insult to the American people.''\nDemocrats' largely symbolic effort was likely to have little or no impact on how McConnell handles the measure, which he'd like the Senate to approve by the end of next week. But they were hoping it would have at least two effects \u2014 scare off Republicans wavering over whether to back the measure, and show liberal activists that Democrats are aggressively trying to thwart the legislation, even though they lack the votes to derail it.\nMcConnell is using closed-door meetings among Republicans to write the bill. In these sessions lawmakers are trying to resolve internal disputes over how to reduce the insurance coverage standards that Obama's law requires, cut the Medicaid health care program for the poor and eliminate taxes Obama levied on higher earners and the medical industry.\nDemocrats are increasingly worried that McConnell will jam the bill through the Senate with little debate, limiting their chance to scrutinize the bill and whip up opposition against it.\nUnder special rules, each party will have just 10 hours of debate on the measure before the chamber begins a vote-a-rama, a series of quick amendment votes with little discussion. Democrats have even suggested a scenario in which Senate debate begins on a preliminary version of the GOP measure and McConnell offers the final package as a late amendment, giving Democrats little or no time to criticize it.\nAs Democrats made a series of motions that McConnell turned aside, Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., twice asked the GOP leader to ensure Democrats will have more than 10 hours to study and debate the bill before the vote.\n\"I think we'll have ample opportunity to read and amend the bill,'' McConnell answered each time.\nThe procedures McConnell will use will let Senate Republicans pass the bill as long as no more than two of the 52 GOP senators oppose it. It remains uncertain McConnell will be able to do that, but both parties respect his ability to keep his party unified and count votes.\nDemocrats are trying to capitalize on the secrecy and contrast it with the numerous committee meetings and votes that produced Obama's 2010 statute. They say they will slow work on bills by refusing to let the Senate bypass time-consuming procedural steps, which it customarily does on most legislation.\n",
        "caption": "Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, R-Ky., joined by, from left, Sen. John Barrasso, R-Wyo., Sen. John Thune, R-S.D., and Majority Whip John Cornyn, R-Texas, meets with reporters following a closed-door strategy session, at the Capitol in Washington, June 20, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/A7898CEF-E59D-4693-A19A-8D6CC7E3D3BB.jpg",
        "id": "9493_1",
        "answer": [
            "closed-door meetings",
            "using closed-door meetings among Republicans to write the bill"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "McConnell",
            "Mitch McConnell"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_20_3909016",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_20_3909016_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the man in the red tie in support of ",
        "context": "Kosovo Bows to US, NATO Pressure, Puts Off Plan to Create Army\nPRISTINA \u2014\u00a0\nKosovo President Hashim Thaci bowed to pressure from traditional allies the United States and NATO on Friday by putting off plans to establish an army strongly opposed by the country's minority Serbs.\nNearly two decades after the Kosovo war, relations between Serbia and the ethnic Albanian-majority government in Kosovo remain strained. Serbia continues to regard Kosovo, which declared independence in 2008, as a renegade province.\nThaci last month found a way to bypass Serb opposition in parliament to constitutional amendments required for an army by drafting changes to an existing law on the Kosovo Security Forces that would allow the KSF to acquire heavy weapons. This would effectively turn it into a military force.\nBut Washington and NATO, which has kept forces in Kosovo since intervening in 1999 to stop Serbia's killings of ethnic Albanian civilians in a counter-insurgency campaign, voiced concern that the move could unravel Kosovo's fragile peace.\nThe Pristina government ordered the creation of a national army in 2014 but minority Serb deputies said they would block the required constitutional amendments.\nOn Friday, Thaci - a former Kosovo guerrilla commander - sent a letter to parliament asking it not to vote on his amendments so as to allow Western diplomats more time to convince Serbs to approve the amendments.\n\"The representatives of the Serb community should not think for any single second that Kosovo will not create its armed forces,\" Thaci told a conference in the capital Pristina attended by the U.S. ambassador and other West European envoys.\nThe KSF is currently a lightly armed, 2,500-member force trained by NATO and tasked with crisis response, civil protection and disposal of ordnance from the 1999 conflict.\nNATO and the United States do not oppose the creation of an army in principle but say the constitution must be changed first, which would require the votes of 11 Serb deputies in the 120-seat parliament.\n\"We do not expect the people of Kosovo to wait forever on this [formation of the army], nor do we believe any party should veto,\" U.S. Ambassador Greg Delawie said.\n\"Kosovo needs a legitimate capability to defend itself before KFOR [NATO mission] can consider leaving.\" KFOR retains around 4,500 troops in Kosovo.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Kosovo president Hashim Thaci reacts during a press conference in capital Pristina, Kosovo, March 8, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/7E9DB07D-ED92-4A80-BE97-C1DA4AB3597C.jpg",
        "id": "1486_1",
        "answer": [
            "create its armed forces"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Thaci told"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_07_3801503",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_07_3801503_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What are the responsibilities of the man in the center?",
        "context": "Trump Removes Bannon From Security Council Role\nWHITE HOUSE \u2014\u00a0\nWhite House chief strategist Stephen Bannon has been removed from his role on the National Security Council, in a shakeup that restores the director of national intelligence and the chairman of the joint chiefs of staff (JCS) as regular attendees to the NSC\u2019s Principals Committee.\nThe changes were revealed in a national security presidential memorandum published Wednesday in the Federal Register, the daily journal of the U.S. government.\nThe New York Times late Wednesday reported that Bannon resisted the move, even threatening at one point to quit if it went forward, according to a White House official who insisted on anonymity to discuss internal deliberations. \nBannon on Thursday told NBC News that reports he threatened to quit are \"total nonsense.\"\n\u201cIt\u2019s hard to evaluate exactly what they\u2019re doing here,\u201d according to Brian Katulis, a senior fellow at the Center for American Progress. \u201cThe Trump team clearly made some rookie mistakes in its first few weeks in office,\u201d Katulis, a junior NSC staffer during the Bill Clinton presidency, tells VOA.\nPresident Donald Trump, in January, issued an executive order giving Bannon, a former executive of a right-wing online opinion and news site, the authority to participate in the NSC\u2019s Principals Committee.\nThere were concerns that Bannon, who led Trump\u2019s election campaign in its final months, would inject domestic policy considerations into national security discussions. He has been a polarizing figure in and out of the West Wing of the White House, calling for the \u201cdeconstruction of the administrative state\u201d and advocating \u201ceconomic nationalism.\u201d\nBut many supporters of the president have cheered Trump\u2019s embrace of non-traditional figures in his inner circle as part of his campaign pledge to \u201cdrain the swamp\u201d and structure a radically different administration in the White House.\nFILE - White House Chief of Staff Reince Priebus, center, with White House chief strategist Stephen Bannon, left, are seen during the Conservative Political Action Conference in National Harbor, Maryland, Feb. 23, 2017. Frictions with Priebus are said to have contributed to Bannon's demotion.\nReports of internal clashes\nMedia reports previously portrayed Bannon as clashing with White House Chief of Staff Reince Priebus, who is a former head of the Republican Party\u2019s national committee. News stories on Wednesday attributed Bannon getting his wings clipped due to increased scrutiny of White House senior staff by the president\u2019s son-in-law and former Democrat, Jared Kushner, who has been given a large portfolio ranging from the Middle East peace process to reorganizing the federal government.\nThe Republican chairman of the Senate\u2019s Armed Services Committee, John McCain, characterizes Bannon\u2019s ouster as \u201ca good move.\u201d The senator also is welcoming the president\u2019s decision to restore the director of national intelligence and the JCS chairman to the NSC Principal\u2019s Committee.\nDaniel Coats, a former Republican senator, is the director of national intelligence and Marine Corps General Joseph Dunford chairs the JCS, making him the country\u2019s highest ranking military officer. \n\u201cAs the new administration navigates a complex array of challenges around the world, it is critical that the president hears from these experienced and talented leaders on his national security team,\u201d says McCain.\nA Republican congresswoman, Ileana Ros-Lehtinen, who chairs the House Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on the Middle East and North Africa, calls Bannon\u2019s removal \u201cwelcome news,\u201d saying \u201cI called for him to write himself out in January.\u201d \nIt is unclear whether Bannon actually has attended any of the NSC Principals meetings.\nPresident Barack Obama\u2019s national security adviser \u201cSusan Rice operationalized the NSC during the last administration. I was put on to ensure that it was de-operationalized,\u201d Bannon said in a statement sent to the Wall Street Journal. \u201cGeneral McMaster (the current national security adviser) has returned the NSC to its proper function.\u201d \nFILE - President Donald Trump talks to chief strategist Stephen Bannon, right, with Jared Kushner, now a senior adviser to Trump, looking on during a swearing in ceremony for senior staff at the White House, in Washington, Jan. 22, 2017. News reports suggest Kushner might have had a hand in having Bannon removed from the National Security Council\u2019s Principals Committee.\nNo comment\nAsked for comment, the White House referred VOA to the NSC, which did not immediately respond.\nPresident Trump, at the end of his joint news conference with Jordan\u2019s King Abdullah, did not reply to questions shouted about Bannon.\nAlso added to the NSC Principals Committee on Wednesday are the Central Intelligence Agency director, the ambassador to the United Nations and the secretary of the Energy Department (which has responsibility for the design, testing and production of all U.S. nuclear weapons).\nThe presidential memo on the NSC also downgrades the role of Homeland Security Adviser Tom Bossert, who had been given authority to convene or chair the Principals Committee.\nBossert is now subordinate to the president\u2019s new national security adviser, Army Lt. Gen. H.R. McMaster, who replaced Michael Flynn, a retired three-star general.\nFlynn lasted less than one month in the job, pushed out amid questions about his ties to Russia.\nThe NSC, created in 1947 as a coordinating body to present strategic options to the president, has become increasingly large in recent administrations. It approximately doubled in size between the Clinton era (1993-2001) and Obama\u2019s two terms (2009-2017).\nTrump administration officials have spoken of shrinking its size and limiting the role of the NSC.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - President Donald Trump talks to chief strategist Stephen Bannon, right, with Jared Kushner, now a senior adviser to Trump, looking on during a swearing in ceremony for senior staff at the White House, in Washington, Jan. 22, 2017. News reports suggest Kushner might have had a hand in having Bannon removed from the National Security Council\u2019s Principals Committee.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/3A950CCA-B456-4BCA-969E-509F57C1D766.jpg",
        "id": "3549_3",
        "answer": [
            "a large portfolio ranging from the Middle East peace process to reorganizing the federal government"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Jared Kushner"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_05_3797436",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_05_3797436_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in the red coat in the image speak of?",
        "context": "Gap Widens Between US, Europe Over Syria\nA gap is widening between the Trump administration and European allies over the future of President Bashar al-Assad and how to end the six-year war in Syria.\nWhile U.S. officials have shifted the focus away from Assad having to relinquish power, European leaders remain adamant he has no future as ruler of Syria. His departure, they say, remains a crucial part of any solution to a conflict that has left an estimated 470,000 dead.\nFollowing Tuesday\u2019s toxic gas attack on a town in northern Syria, the worst chemical weapons attack in the war since mid-2013, European leaders are intensifying their rhetoric. On Tuesday, Britain\u2019s Theresa May called \u201con all the third parties involved to ensure that we have a transition away from Assad.\u201d\nPhoto Gallery: Aftermath of gas attack on Khan Sheikhoun \nA Day After Deadly Gas Attack in Kahn Sheikhoun, Syria\nEuropean politicians gathered for an international conference hosted by the European Union in Brussels on Syria drew a link between what seems to be the use of a more deadly nerve agent than seen in previous claimed chemical weapons attacks, and the Trump administration\u2019s shift on Syria.\nLast week, U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson said Assad\u2019s future was up to the Syrian people to decide, while the U.S. ambassador to the United Nations, Nikki Haley, said removing him was no longer a Washington priority.\nOn Monday, just hours before the gas attack on the town of Khan Sheikhoun, Haley hardened her rhetoric, referring to the Syrian leader as a \u201cwar criminal\u201d guilty of \u201cdisgusting\u201d actions against his people.\u201d She said Syrians \u201cdon\u2019t want Assad anymore.\u201d\nA still image taken from a video posted to a social media website on April 4, 2017, shows people lying on the ground, said to be in the town of Khan Sheikhoun, after what rescue workers described as a suspected gas attack in rebel-held Idlib, Syria.\nIn the wake of the chemical weapons attack, U.S. officials in Washington did not publicly indicate any likely shift in administration policy. The White House and U.S. State Department condemned the attack as \u201cheinous,\u201d dubbing it a likely war crime.\nBut officials placed the emphasis on the need for Russia and Iran, Assad backers, to do something. Tuesday, the White House press secretary didn\u2019t outline any punitive steps in response to an attack the administration says was carried out by the Assad regime.\nRussian, Iranian influence\nTillerson demanded Tuesday that Moscow and Tehran \u201cexercise their influence over the Syrian regime and to guarantee this sort of horrific attack never happens again.\u201d He added that \u201cRussia and Iran also bear great moral responsibility for these deaths.\u201d\nOn Wednesday, Moscow reiterated its denial the Assad regime was responsible for the attack that has left close to 100 dead, according to local activists, and more than 400 injured. Russia's Defense Ministry said in a statement it believed a rebel \u201cterrorist warehouse\u201d was hit by a conventional airstrike from Syria's military, causing the release of \u201ctoxic substances.\u201d\nThe Defense Ministry claimed chemical weapons were being stored for use in neighboring Iraq. Russian Defense Ministry spokesman Igor Konoshenkov said,\u201cOn the territory of the depot there were workshops, which produced chemical warfare munitions.\u201d\nBritish Foreign Secretary Boris Johnson said \"all the evidence\" he had seen in relation to the incident \"suggests this was the Assad regime who did it in the full knowledge they were using illegal weapons in a barbaric attack on their own people.\"\nJohnson added he did \"not see how a government like that can continue to have any kind of legitimate administration over the people of Syria.\"\nFocus on Assad\nGerman Foreign Minister Sigmar Gabriel said, \u201cThere is one thing which cannot happen, that a dictator who committed horrible crimes in the region remains untouched.\u201d\nThe European Union\u2019s foreign affairs chief Federica Mogherini also said she could see no way Assad can remain as Syria\u2019s ruler. \u201cIt seems completely unrealistic to believe that the future of Syria will be exactly the same as it used to be in the past,\" she told reporters in Brussels.\nEuropean Union High Representative Federica Mogherini, center right, and United Nations Secretary General Antonio Guterres, center left, stand for a moment of silence for the Syrian victims of war at an EU Syria conference at the Europa building in Brusse\nBut it is unclear what the Europeans can or would be willing to do without U.S. support, according to analysts.\nThey note that European influence on shaping international policy on the Syrian conflict is waning, despite the fact Europe is the largest provider of humanitarian aid in Syria. This week\u2019s EU co-hosted international conference on humanitarian assistance to Syria has attracted minimal participation from the United States, Russia and Turkey.\nInstead of sending its foreign minister, Russia is only represented at the gathering by its EU ambassador, Vladimir Chizhov. Washington has sent the State Department\u2019s under-secretary for political affairs, Thomas Shannon. That contrasts with last year when then Secretary of State John Kerry attended.\nDamascus calculation\nAnalyst Charles Lister of the Middle East Institute in Washington, says he believes Damascus has taken note of the Trump administration\u2019s policy shift when it comes to Assad\u2019s future and that may have shaped the decision behind launching Tuesday\u2019s attack.\n\u201cAssad also knows full well that the U.S. is increasingly distancing itself from any consideration of intervention in Syria, so what has Assad got to lose?\u201d he argued. \u201cIf all he suffers is a few days of international condemnation, then he comes out of things just as secure as he was beforehand.\"\n",
        "caption": "European Union High Representative Federica Mogherini, center right, and United Nations Secretary General Antonio Guterres, center left, stand for a moment of silence for the Syrian victims of war at an EU Syria conference at the Europa building in Brusse",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/28525109-B5F1-4B49-AC96-873A670CD717.jpg",
        "id": "10315_3",
        "answer": [
            "the future of Syria",
            "None",
            "Assad"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Federica Mogherini"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_05_3797403",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_05_3797403_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What structure is used to help the of the people sitting in the image?",
        "context": "Life at Brazilian Prison Where 'the State Has Lost Control'\nNATAL, BRAZIL \u2014\u00a0\nFor nearly two years, guards didn't dare enter the cell blocks at the Alcacuz prison in northeastern Brazil. And with good reason. Only about a dozen at a time are supposed to watch some 1,500 inmates, whose gangs are supplied through tunnels that let them bring in guns, knives, cellphones and just about anything else.\nThe lockup, nicknamed \"Swiss cheese\" by residents of the surrounding neighborhood, saw a January 14 riot in which 26 prisoners died \u2014 and officials here are still trying to finally regain full control.\n\"The state has lost control,\" Vilma Batista, a guard at Alcacuz and president of the correction officers union in Rio Grande do Norte state, told The Associated Press, speaking just outside the prison in the wake of the clashes. \"We have lost all of the buildings in the prison where there are inmates, who remain in command and in control.\"\nAlcacuz is among the worst prisons in Brazil, but by no means an aberration. The problems here can be found across Latin America's largest nation, which is experiencing a wave of prison massacres and unrest that have left at least 130 inmates dead since the beginning of the year.\nNeglect has long been building at Alcacuz where more than 1,550 inmates are crammed into buildings meant for about 1,000.\nBatista said guards \u2014 no more than 12 are on duty at any time \u2014 haven't entered some parts of the complex since riots in March 2015. She said they are routinely paid late and their watchtowers are so decrepit that some are unusable. There are no x-ray machines to scan visitors, and a machine used to check food is often broken.\nOutnumbered and ill-equipped, Batista said, the guards can do little more than corral the prisoners into areas they themselves are afraid to enter.\nAuthorities acknowledge that Alcacuz is beyond saving. Rio Grande do Norte state Gov. Robinson Faria has announced it will close, though only after three new prisons are ready. In the meantime, an emergency force of corrections agents has been sent in to establish order and repair the damaged facility.\nEven before the Jan. 14 riot, inmates spilled out of cells whose doors had been destroyed, often scavenged to make homemade knives. Guards merely locked the cell blocks, which they rarely entered except for occasional almost militaristic raids.\nAfter the riot, guards pulled back even farther, allowing prisoners to roam the entire facility unchecked, with security forces merely ensuring they didn't escape and occasionally breaking up fights. They were unable to enter even to rescue those wounded in fighting, instead lowering stretchers from outside.\nCell blocks are divided up by gang affiliation as is typical in Brazilian prisons, with a handful of prisoners standing guard each night to ensure rivals don't attack inmates sleeping on the floors or nearby patios.\nPrisoners complained to the AP that they don't have regular access to legal assistance or medical care. According to relatives, some inmates with knife and even gunshot wounds from the most recent fighting have not been treated.\nBasic services may not be available at Alcacuz, but nearly everything else is: Police have seized cellphones, drugs, knives, handguns and several types of ammunition at the facility, which is built on sand soft enough to dig by hand.\nAt least four tunnels have been found, popping up just beyond the lightly patrolled walls.\n\"Here, we have everything, even dogs,\" one prisoner, who is serving a sentence for robbery, boasted via the WhatsApp messaging service. Like all of the prisoners interviewed, he refused to be named.\nDuring the unrest, more than 50 prisoners also fled the facility, which neighbors refer to as the \"Penitentiary of Maximum Escape.\"\nLife in some Brazilian prisons, including Alcacuz, got even worse this year when fights between gangs led to a series of gruesome murders.\nAs guards watched last month, a member of the Crime Syndicate of Rio Grande do Norte barbecued body parts of a slain rival and ate the flesh, according to Batista, the union leader.\nThat kind of violence and the grisly killings seen in January go beyond the typical problems in Brazil's prisons and could signal the beginning of a nationwide gang war for control of the system, said Benjamin Lessing, a political scientist at the University of Chicago who studies criminal conflict in Latin America.\nThe First Capital Command, the country's largest criminal organization, has picked fights with several gangs as it tries to expand its reach outside its traditional base in Sao Paulo. At Alcacuz, the First Capital Command is fighting the Crime Syndicate for control.\nBrazil incarcerates more than 620,000 people in a system that has space for a little over 370,000, according to a 2014 Ministry of Justice report. Forty percent of detainees are merely awaiting trial.\nThere aren't enough public defenders, and cases drag on for years. The stiffening of penalties for drug offenses and campaigns to crack down on crime have sent even more offenders into the prison system.\nIn response to the crisis, President Michel Temer's government has promised around 30 new prisons. But the new facilities would make space for about 25,000 more inmates, plugging only 10 percent of the deficit reported in 2014.\n\"More prisons means more prisoners and stronger gangs,\" said Karina Biondi, author of \"Sharing this Walk: An Ethnography of Prison Life and the PCC in Brazil.\"\n\"The solution, in my view, is less prison.\"\nAssociated Press writer Renata Brito reported this story in Natal and AP writer Sarah DiLorenzo reported from Sao Paulo.\n",
        "caption": "A military police officer stands next to inmates during a head count in the Alcacuz prison in Nisia Floresta, near Natal, Brazil, Jan. 24, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/6981A144-ED27-42A3-9221-A15C6794DE8F.jpg",
        "id": "21234_1",
        "answer": [
            "tunnels that let them bring in guns, knives, cellphones and just about anything else"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "inmates"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_03_3705164",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_03_3705164_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "When did the organization of the person with the blue hat accept the plan?",
        "context": "UN to Ease Colombian Rebels' Transition to Civilian Life\nThe United Nations Security Council unanimously adopted a resolution Monday aimed at helping Colombian rebels return to civilian life after a peace deal halted 52 years of guerrilla warfare. The conflict has killed more than 250,000 people and displaced more than 7 million.\nThe Revolutionary Armed Forces of Columbia (FARC), founded in 1964 as an armed wing of the Communist Party, began laying down its weapons on June 27. The concession was part of a historic peace agreement reached by the rebels and the Colombian government. Colombian President Juan Manuel Santos received the 2016 Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts to bring about the deal.\nThe resolution establishes the United Nations Verification Mission in Colombia, which will begin once the current U.N. mission to oversee the cease-fire and disarmament process expires September 17. U.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres has 45 days to make recommendations on the scope of the new mission.\nFILE - Colombia's President Juan Manuel Santos, second left, and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, FARC, top commander Rodrigo Londono also known as Timoleon Jimenez or Timochenko, third left, greet the baby of a rebel couple during an act to commemorate the completion of the FARC disarmament process in Buenavista, Colombia, June, 27, 2017.\nBritain drafted the new U.N. resolution, recognizing that as 10,000 rebels begin new lives as civilians, the peace process is entering a challenging new phase.\n\"Experience from our own history in Northern Ireland has taught us that the hardest part remains ahead,\" British diplomat Stephen Hickey told the Security Council. \"A sustainable and lasting peace will depend on the FARC's successful reincorporation into civilian life.\"\nMany members of FARC remain vulnerable, camped out in the same tents and hammocks they lived in during the war. U.N. envoy Jean Arnault told the council last week that some FARC members are dealing with a \"deep sense of uncertainty\" about their physical safety after being stripped of their weapons.\nFARC draws its strongest support from the country's rural regions. Speaking at the U.N. on Monday, Colombian Foreign Minister Angela Holguin stressed the importance of bringing economic and civic prosperity to the countryside, calling it \"our main challenge.\"\n\"The development of political participation, greater equity and better justice will be fundamental to become the country that we want to be,\" she said.\nAs part of the peace deal, thousands of jailed rebels will be released and given amnesty and the FARC will be permitted to establish a political party. Farmers in FARC-controlled areas, longtime cocaine-producing regions, will be given incentives to switch to other crops.\nFrance has pledged $930 million in aid and loans to the Colombian government to ease the region's transition from conflict.\n\"Now the goal is to win and entrench a lasting peace,\" France's U.N. Ambassador Francois Delattre told the U.N. Security Council. \"And for that, the international community, the U.N., must continue to be at the side of Colombia.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - In this photo released by the United Nations mission based in Colombia, a member of U.N. monitoring mission for the Colombian peace process holds a weapon handed over by rebels of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, FARC, in Buenos Aires in southern Colombia, June 13, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/9F024B8A-8182-4B62-B66B-5C6DF50967C7.jpg",
        "id": "1063_1",
        "answer": [
            "Monday"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "United Nations"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_10_3936456",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_10_3936456_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the removal of the people in the image cause?",
        "context": "IS Taking New Strategy in Afghanistan\nISLAMABAD \u2014\u00a0\nThe attack in Kabul that killed at least 30 people this week, claimed by the Islamic State militants, was different in strategy from the group\u2019s past assaults.\nThose, like the one on a Shi'ite Hazara minority group protest in Kabul last year, had been simpler. Large public gatherings are easy targets for a suicide bomber.\nAn attack on a military hospital in a city like Kabul, where security is so tight one cannot get into a shopping mall without going through metal detectors, requires complex reconnaissance and pre-planning. It pointed to the group\u2019s ability to carry out a sophisticated, intelligence-driven operation, according to Barnett Rubin, associate director of the Center on International Cooperation.\n\u201c[T]hey were able to reconnoiter the hospital very well to figure out how to get into it, to smuggle all of the explosive material into Kabul, to have a safe house where they could set up everything, they obtained the proper clothing in order to disguise themselves as doctors and so on,\u201d Rubin said. \nNATO and the Afghan government like to point out that their security operations have reduced IS\u2019s numbers in Afghanistan from several thousand to now under a thousand, and their territorial control from more than 10 districts to fewer than five.\nGone underground\nHowever, some analysts think this may not be the right approach to gauging the strength of a militant group like IS, which seems to have adapted and adjusted its strategy.\n\u201cI don\u2019t think we know that their numbers have diminished,\u201d according to Rubin. \u201cWe know that maybe the numbers of them fighting in a military way have diminished but they have changed tactics. They have gone underground. We don\u2019t know what their numbers are,\u201d he said.\nSecurity forces inspect the site of an Islamic State-claimed attack on a hospital in Kabul, Afghanistan, March 8, 2017.\nKabul-based political analyst Intizar Khadim expressed similar thoughts.\n\u201cI\u2019m not talking about the number of IS increasing,\u201d he said. \u201cI\u2019m talking about the resources that is enabling Daesh (IS) to have increased.\u201d\nGeneral Nicholson, the top U.S. military commander in Afghanistan, acknowledged in a briefing to the U.S. Senate Armed Services Committee that IS Khorasan Province, as IS calls its local chapter, had \u201cshown an ability to conduct attacks in Kabul and elsewhere in the country\u201d despite its battlefield losses.\nThe Kabul attack involved five suicide bombers. But for those five to operate, they probably required many more as support staff. That indicated that ISKP had managed to set up support networks inside Kabul.\nThe Kabul-based Afghanistan Analysts Network, in a dispatch published on its website last year, claimed to have some evidence of at least three ISKP cells operating in Kabul.\n\u201cOver the past eighteen months, AAN has been consistently hearing stories of young men from Kabul having adopted the IS ideology and joining its \u2018battlefields\u2019 in Nangarhar, Afghanistan, as well as in Iraq and Syria,\u201d the dispatch published in October of last year claimed.\nWhile most Afghans reject IS ideology as too cruel and alien to their culture, high unemployment and lucrative salary offers are a significant draw for former fighters without jobs, according to Khadim.\n\u201cIn Middle East you see Daesh [IS] is giving food for war. In Afghanistan they are paying high prices for any warrior that is joining this group. They are paying high wages for their fighters for grabbing guns and fighting for them,\u201d Khadim said.\nThe withdrawal of most of the international security forces from Afghanistan led to a significant decline in economic activity in the country. The growth rate plummeted to 1.3 percent in 2014 while the rate of poverty climbed to 39.1 percent in 2013-14, according to the World Bank.\nThe resultant high unemployment gave a boost to the recruitment efforts of groups like the Afghan Taliban and the IS that had the ability to pay lucrative salaries compared to the local market place.\nHowever, money was not the only factor driving young men to the IS.\nFILE - Afghan police walk past Islamic State militant flags on a wall, after an operation in the Kot district of Jalalabad province east of Kabul, Afghanistan, Aug. 1, 2016. Diminishing in numbers, the group has turned to more sophisticated terrorist attacks in cities.\nPropaganda effort\nISKP operates a deft propaganda machine including social media, videos and literature, as well as an FM radio channel that keeps popping back up every time it is knocked down by NATO or Afghan forces. The FM can be heard in parts of the eastern provinces of Nangarhar and Kunar.\n\u201cISKP\u2019s romanticization of living as one of its fighters is unparalleled in the jihadist media in Afghanistan,\u201d according to another dispatch published on AAN\u2019s website.\nAnecdotal evidence from various parts of Afghanistan suggests a slow but steady stream of new IS recruits.\nLocal journalists in Nangarhar told VOA that the voice of one IS radio broadcaster sounded too much like a local journalist they knew who had disappeared from the scene.\nKhadim also pointed to the Afghan government\u2019s failure in providing good governance in many parts of the country as a reason for people to turn to militant outfits.\nOn the other hand, the threat of IS was leading regional players like Russia and Iran to increase their efforts to get the Taliban onboard for a political settlement.\nIran, a mainly Shi\u2019ite country, was afraid of anti-Shi\u2019ite IS getting too close to its borders and Russia wanted to keep IS influence away from the Muslim population in its backyard.\nAnother silver lining on the horizon was the increased economic activity in the region. China wanted to expand its Belts and Roads initiative, including a portion in Pakistan involving investments of more than $40 billion. India and Japan were collaborating on a seaport in Iran at Chabahar.\nAll of this means that the cost of instability in Afghanistan has gone up and regional players have a greater incentive to help find solutions to the country\u2019s security problems.\n",
        "caption": "Security forces inspect the site of an Islamic State-claimed attack on a hospital in Kabul, Afghanistan, March 8, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/6F2D7E33-7675-412C-B947-81741FFBF6EA.jpg",
        "id": "10217_1",
        "answer": [
            "a significant decline in economic activity in the country",
            "a significant decline in economic activity",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Security forces",
            "security forces"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_10_3759855",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_10_3759855_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What was said in response to the events in the image?",
        "context": "Chile, Argentina Leaders Pledge Cooperation; Express Concern over Venezuela\nSANTIAGO \u2014\u00a0\nThe leaders of neighboring Chile and Argentina pledged on Tuesday to further integrate the countries' economies and expressed mutual concern about the unrest in Venezuela.\nIn a televised press conference, Argentina's President Mauricio Macri and Chile's President Michelle Bachelet said they were working on an accord to boost cooperation in mining, environmental regulation and infrastructure, among other areas.\n\u201cWe hope to have an important, new, next-generation economic agreement that facilitates this (integration) process, and makes it more dynamic,\u201d Macri said, while giving few details.\nThe pact should be completed by October, they said.\nThe Argentine leader said that the two countries were continuing to integrate their energy networks. In 2016 and 2017, Chilean state-run oil company ENAP agreed to send gas to Argentina in significant quantities for the first time.\nBachelet added that the two leaders had discussed the key Agua Negra tunnel, a landmark $1.5 billion project that will connect mining regions in the two countries by digging under the Andes Mountains.\nA woman holds a Virgin Mary statue during a protest march during a protest march against Venezuela's President Nicolas Maduro's government and also to commemorate the country's Day of the Journalist, in Caracas, Venezuela, June 27, 2017.\nWorried about Venezuela\nThe two leaders also expressed their joint concern about Venezuela, where residents are suffering from shortages of basic goods, such as food.\nOpponents of Venezuela President Nicolas Maduro contend the leader has undermined democracy by canceling a key referendum and interfering with the functions of Congress, among other issues.\nMaduro warned on Tuesday that he and supporters would take up arms if his socialist government was violently overthrown by opponents who have been on the streets protesting for three months.\n\u201cWe share the pain of the Venezuelan people,\u201d Macri said, adding: \u201cwe will continue working together to find a solution that means a return to having elections, that means there are no more political prisoners, and that respects the separation of powers.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "A woman holds a Virgin Mary statue during a protest march during a protest march against Venezuela's President Nicolas Maduro's government and also to commemorate the country's Day of the Journalist, in Caracas, Venezuela, June 27, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/FDAE0EFB-DF05-4646-BF33-90C37F4003AE.jpg",
        "id": "23679_2",
        "answer": [
            "supporters would take up arms if his socialist government was violently overthrown"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "protest"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_27_3918770",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_27_3918770_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What type of technology is being displayed on the screen?",
        "context": "US Officials: North Korea May Be Readying Missile Test, Timing Unclear\nSEOUL/WASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nThe United States has seen indications that North Korea may be preparing for a new missile test-launch in the coming days or weeks, U.S. officials said on Thursday, in what could be an early test of President-elect Donald Trump's administration.\nSouth Korean media, citing intelligence agencies, said Pyongyang may be readying a test of a new, upgraded prototype of an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) as early as Friday, the day Trump is inaugurated.\nU.S. officials, who spoke to Reuters on condition of anonymity, cautioned however that they did not have such precise information about the range or potential timing of Pyongyang's missile test, should it happen.\nOne official suggested Pyongyang could be largely seeking to provoke the Trump administration.\n\u201cIf they do something, it would more likely be a test of Trump than a test of a delivery system,\u201d said a U.S. intelligence officer who monitors North Korean activities. \u201cThey probably want to see how he reacts to a provocation, even a\nminor one, and if they really want to poke him, they'll do it right away.\u201d\nNorth Korea leader Kim Jong Un smiles as he visits Sohae Space Center in Cholsan County, North Pyongan province for the testing of a new engine for an intercontinental ballistic missile in this undated photo.\nLeader hints test is near\nIn his New Year's speech, leader Kim Jong Un said North Korea was close to test launching an ICBM, and state media has said a launch could come at any time. Experts on the isolated and nuclear capable country's missile program believe the claims to be credible.\nTrump on January 2 tweeted, \u201cIt won't happen!\u201d about North Korea's pursuit of a nuclear-tipped ICBM, although his precise meaning was unclear. The Pentagon has said it would not necessarily strike a test-launched ICBM if it did not pose a threat.\nThe Pentagon declined comment on its intelligence about the North Korea threat, but spokesman Peter Cook assured reporters that Washington's readiness would be not be diminished during the U.S. presidential transition, due to take place on Friday.\n\u201cI can't get into intelligence matters. I can't confirm what's been reported there,\u201d Cook told a news briefing. \u201cWe would once again encourage North Korea not to engage in provocative actions that do nothing but destabilize the region.\u201d\nNew type of missile?\nSouth Korean intelligence agencies reported on Wednesday that they had recently spotted missile parts being transported, believed to be the lower-half of an ICBM, raising fears that a test-launch may be imminent, the Chosun Ilbo newspaper said, citing unidentified military sources.\n\u201cIt was different from a conventional Musudan missile in its length and shape,\u201d the source told the Chosun Ilbo, referring to the Musudan intermediate-range missile tested by North Korea last year.\n\u201cIt is possible they were moving it somewhere for assembly,\u201d the source said.\nA spokesman for South Korea's Office of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, Roh Jae-cheon, told a regular news briefing that while the reports could not be confirmed, the military was monitoring North Korea's ICBM development.\nNorth Korea has in the past paraded mockups of a road-mobile missile believed to be an ICBM design dubbed the KN-08 by outside observers. It is also believed to have an upgraded version, the KN-14.\nA road-mobile ICBM, which could be kept hidden or moving until fired, would make tracking and stopping a North Korean missile launch significantly more difficult.\nJust field exercises?\nThe suspected ICBM is made up of two parts under 15 meters (49 feet) long and is shorter than the KN-08 and KN-14, the Yonhap News Agency said, citing unidentified military sources.\n\u201cI don't recognize the missiles from this description,\u201d said Joshua Pollack, editor of the U.S.-based Nonproliferation Review. \u201cBut as we saw in 2016, there's certainly a variety of active missile programs under way in North Korea.\u201d\n\u201cIt's also possible that they are simply conducting field exercises with no plans to launch, or the option to launch if decided,\u201d said Pollack.\nLast year, North Korea conducted a test of an ICBM engine made up of a cluster of smaller rockets, indicating it was working on an ICBM design.\nSeparately, the Washington-based think tank 38 North said on Thursday that operations at North Korea's Yongbyon nuclear facility may have restarted. North Korea is believed to be able to reprocess plutonium at Yongbyon used in its nuclear warheads.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A man watches a TV news program showing a file footage of North Korea's rocket launch at Seoul Railway Station in Seoul, South Korea, April 28, 2016. South Korean media reported Thursday that North Korea may be preparing to test-launch a new, upgraded prototype of an intercontinental ballistic missile.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B4DBE565-DBD2-46C8-BFC4-A4DAF17357DE.jpg",
        "id": "14879_1",
        "answer": [
            "ICBM",
            "None",
            "intercontinental ballistic missile"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "rocket launch",
            "rocket"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_19_3682983",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_19_3682983_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who supports the message on the signs in the image?",
        "context": "Pence Says Trade Relationship with South Korea is 'Falling Short'\nDuring his visit to South Korea this week U.S. Vice President Mike Pence described the security alliance between the two countries as unwavering, unshakable and ironclad, but in an address to business leaders in Seoul Tuesday, he said the bilateral economic relationship is in trouble. \n\u201cDespite the strong economic ties between the United States and South Korea, we have to be honest about where our trade relationship is falling short,\u201d Pence said.\nDeficit doubled\nThe South Korea/U.S. free trade agreement (KORUS FTA) that took effect in 2012 was the largest trade deal implemented during the administration of former President Barack Obama. Since it was implemented the U.S. trade deficit with South Korea has more than doubled. U.S. exports to South Korea fell by $1.2 billion, while U.S. imports from South Korea grew by more than $13 billion. In 2016, the surplus measured at $23.2 billion, according to U.S. official data.\nA recent United States Trade Representative (USTR) Trade Policy Agenda report criticized the U.S. trade deficit with South Korea saying, \"This is not the outcome the American people expected from that agreement.\"\nThe vice president reiterated concerns voiced by the American business community that South Korea has used non-tariff related environmental and inspection regulations to undermine the FTA.\n\u201cThat's the hard truth of it. And our businesses continue to face too many barriers to entry, which tilts the playing field against American workers and Americans growth,\u201d he said.\nDelegates hold \"Make America First Again\" posters on the Republican National Convention floor in Cleveland, Ohio, July 20, 2016. (Photo: Ali Shaker / VOA)\nAmerica First\nPence said the U.S. will seek to renegotiate some terms of the trade agreement with South Korea to give American companies increased and equitable market access.\n\u201cWe will pursue trade that is both free and fair. And that will be true in all of our trade relationships, including KORUS. We are reviewing all of our trade agreements across the world to insure that they benefit our economy as much as our trading partners,\u201d Pence said.\nU.S. President Donald Trump campaigned on a platform of economic nationalism that he called \u201cAmerica First.\u201d He promised to overhaul trade agreements that he said hurt U.S. jobs. After taking office he immediately withdrew from the multi-lateral Trans Pacific Partnership (TPP) trade deal that was to include the U.S., Japan and ten other Pacific Rim countries, that together accounted for 40 percent of the world economy.\nThe Trump administration has also indicated it intends to revise the North American Free Trade Agreement with Canada and Mexico, and a U.S. trade agreement with Central American countries as well.\nA shopper walks by a Samsung Electronics store in Seoul, South Korea, April 7, 2017. Samsung Electronics said in early April that its first-quarter profit jumped 48 percent.\nKORUS support\nWhile business leaders in Seoul have been critical of the South Korean practice of imposing non-tariff related trade barriers, especially in the auto industry that accounts for 80 percent of the U.S. trade deficit, they are overall supportive of the KORUS FTA.\nAmerican Chamber of Commerce leaders have voiced concern that the Trump administration is being overly critical of the trade agreement by putting too much emphasis on a trade deficit that is just one aspect of a complex and evolving economic relationship.\nFor example, Korean investment in the United States, from companies like Samsung and Hyundai, have created more than 45,000 American jobs. \u201cDirect investments Korean companies have made in the United States since KORUS have exceeded trade deficits with Korea,\u201d said James Kim, chairman of both GM Korea and the American Chamber of Commerce Korea, in a recent Korea Times interview.\nSouth Korea had much higher tariffs than the U.S. prior to the bilateral free trade deal and Kim Jong-hoon, the former director of the South Korean Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade, says the agreement yielded major concessions and cuts from his country.\nFormer American Chamber of Commerce Korea Chairman Jeffery Jones also argues the KORUS FTA may have prevented an even bigger drop off of U.S. imports into Korea. He notes that that all foreign imports into South Korea have been in decline in recent years, but U.S. imports dropped by only 2.8 percent, while Japanese imports were down 15 percent, Australian imports were down by 20 percent, and imports from the EU were down almost 10 percent.\nJapanese Finance Minister Taro Aso speaks at a news conference during the G20 finance ministers meeting in Baden-Baden, Germany, March 17, 2017.\nOn to Japan\nAfter his meeting with business leaders in Seoul Tuesday, Vice President Pence traveled to Tokyo for meetings with Japan's Finance Minister Taro Aso on bilateral trade options in the wake of the U.S. withdrawal from TPP.\nLast year, Japan had a $69 billion trade surplus with the United States, according to the U.S. Treasury Department. Trump has in the past complained that Japan keeps its currency artificially low, though a Treasury Department report last week did not label Japan a currency manipulator.\nTokyo is the second stop on Pence's 10-day tour of Asia, a trip aimed at emphasizing that U.S. President Donald Trump still intends to boost U.S. trade in the region despite his opposition to TPP.\nYoumi Kim contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "Delegates hold \"Make America First Again\" posters on the Republican National Convention floor in Cleveland, Ohio, July 20, 2016. (Photo: Ali Shaker / VOA)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/898CCC88-CEDA-419A-8085-A18FD698BA64.jpg",
        "id": "6594_2",
        "answer": [
            "U.S. President Donald Trump"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "America First",
            "\"Make America First Again\" posters"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_18_3814755",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_18_3814755_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person with the red dress in the image create?",
        "context": "Michelle Obama Touts American Diversity, Hope in Final Speech as First Lady\nSpeaking publicly Friday for the last time as first lady, Michelle Obama addressed young people, particularly those who come from immigrant families, to let them know she thinks they are what makes America great, and that they will carry the country into the future.\n\"Know that this country belongs to you, to all of you, from every background and walk of life,\" the first lady said. \"If you or your parents are immigrants, know that you are part of a proud American tradition \u2014 the infusion of new cultures, talents and ideas, generation after generation \u2014 that has made us the greatest country on Earth.\"\nWATCH: Michelle Obama Addresses Young People\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\n'I Will Stand By You Every Step of The Way' Michelle Obama Promises Young People in Final Speech\nShare this video\n0:01:31\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:31\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 4.5MB\n360p | 5.6MB\n480p | 33.5MB\nObama spoke at a White House ceremony to honor the school counselor of the year, a tradition she began in 2015. The recipient this year, Terri Tchorzynski, is a counselor at the Calhoun Area Career Center in Battle Creek, Michigan.\nObama became emotional as she spoke about her own experience growing up and the hope her father had that his children would go to college. She told young people she wants them to know that they matter and they belong.\n\"That's the kind of hope that every single one of us \u2014 politicians, parents, preachers, all of us \u2014 needs to be providing for our young people,\" Obama said with tears in her eyes. \"Because that is what moves this country forward every single day \u2014 our hope for the future and the hope that hard work inspires.\"\nLast month, following the election of Donald Trump to succeed her husband as president, the first lady said many Americans no longer know what it feels like to have hope.\n\"We feel the difference now. See, now, we are feeling what not having hope feels like,\" she said in an interview with Oprah Winfrey. \"Hope is necessary. It's a necessary concept and Barack didn't just talk about hope because he thought it was just a nice slogan to get votes.\"\nFILE - First lady Michelle Obama and television presenter Oprah Winfrey participate in the White House's \"United State of Women\" summit in Washington, June 14, 2016.\nThursday\u2019s event, part of the \"Reach Higher\" program that Michelle Obama created to promote education, comes exactly two weeks before Trump is to be sworn in as president.\nObama encouraged students to \"lead by example with hope\" and urged them to never fear for their future, because she will be there to support them.\n\"To the young people here and the young people out there, do not ever let anyone make you feel like you don't matter, or like you do not have a place in our American story because you do, and you have the right to be exactly who you are,\" she said.\nYouth programs, along with other health and education initiatives, have taken up a large portion of Obama's time in the White House, where she often holds events in support of her chosen issues.\n",
        "caption": "Michelle Obama gives her final speech as first lady at the 2017 School Counselor of the Year ceremony in the East Room of the White House in Washington, D.C., Jan. 6, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/42B259D6-C05B-4517-B439-71A0E322C4AB.jpg",
        "id": "2247_1",
        "answer": [
            "the \"Reach Higher\" program",
            "Reach Higher",
            "\"Reach Higher\" program"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Michelle Obama"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_06_3666138",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_06_3666138_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the short name of the person in the right of the image?",
        "context": "New Somali President Wants His Country Off Immigration Ban \nSomalia's new president says he will work to have his country removed from the list of nations whose citizens were -- and may yet be -- barred from entering the United States.\nMohamed Abdullahi Mohamed, more commonly known as \u201cFarmajo,\" told VOA of his plans in a phone interview late Thursday, a day after his unexpected victory in the Somali presidential election.\n\u201cIt is part of my responsibility to talk about this issue with the U.S. government by conveying our message to the president and his government that the Somali people are really good, hard working people,\" Farmajo said. \"They raise their families in the United States. So we will see if he can change that policy and exclude Somalis from that list.\"\nThe future of the so-called \"immigration ban\" is in doubt after the U.S. 9th Circuit Court of Appeals upheld a judge's restraining order against directives that temporarily halted refugee resettlement programs and barred visitors from Somalia and six other Muslim-majority countries.\nPresident Donald Trump has vowed on Twitter to challenge the decision, setting up a possible showdown in the Supreme Court.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;SEE YOU IN COURT, THE SECURITY OF OUR NATION IS AT STAKE!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/829836231802515457\\\"\\u0026gt;February 9, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nFarmajo is a dual U.S. and Somali citizen who has spent much of his adult life in the United States, mostly in the northern city of Buffalo.\nThat didn't stop Somali parliament members from choosing him Wednesday over incumbent leader Hassan Sheikh Mohamud and 20 other candidates to become the nation\u2019s 9th president.\nFarmajo told VOA his first priority is to appoint a new prime minister who will be in charge of dealing with Somalia's security problems and a developing humanitarian crisis.\n\u201cThere is a huge drought everywhere in Somalia which definitely will produce a famine,\u201d he said. \u201cWe have to appeal to the international community to provide humanitarian assistance to those affected people in Somalia.\u201d\nFollowing two seasons of weak rainfall, the country is experiencing severe drought and the United Nations has warned of the potential for a repeat of the 2011 famine that killed more than 250,000 people.\nHe said he expects that the new prime minister can assemble a new cabinet in 30 days, and said they will roll out a plan of action in the coming 100 days.\nThe new president admitted Thursday he is still adjusting to his new role.\n\u201cMy feeling is surreal. My feeling is something I cannot imagine because I have been working hard for the past fifteen, sixteen months and I have been campaigning in Somalia as well as in Nairobi,\u201d he said.\nCivilians celebrate the election of President Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed in the streets of Somalia's capital Mogadishu, Feb. 9, 2017.\nBroad public support\nFarmajo previously served as prime minister for eight months in 2010 and 2011 and has remained extremely popular since then, said Sakariye Cismaan, a London-based Somali political analyst.\nDuring his time in office, Farmajo was credited with ensuring that government workers and soldiers were paid on time, cracking down on corruption and helping liberate territories from al-Shabab.\n\u201cThe Somali people really trust him and believe he will put the common good before his own self-interest,\u201d Cismaan said. \u201cThe whole country is extremely optimistic now.\u201d\nWednesday\u2019s election was conducted by the 328 members of the two houses of parliament. This is different than previous elections where clan elders played a significant role in choosing the president, Cismaan said. He said it was also more representative of the will of the people.\n\u201cIt is the most diverse [electorate] in terms of gender and age, and I think they were sick of the corruption that was taking place throughout the election season and decided to vote for the candidate the public actually wanted,\u201d he said.\nCismaan said Farmajo's main concern will be the security situation in the country. Although al-Shabab has been driven out of the major population centers and controls less than 10 percent of the country\u2019s territory, the Islamist militant group remains a potent threat, bombing hotels in Mogadishu and attacking military bases.\nWednesday\u2019s election was moved to Mogadishu\u2019s Aden Adde International Airport, one of the few secure places in the country, following threats from al-Shabab and worries about security at the original venue, the Mogadishu police academy.\n\u201cSecurity is going to be his biggest challenge and the main issue that he will ultimately be judged on,\u201d Cismaan said. \u201cBut he really has a golden opportunity here. He has the entire population behind him who are now feeling more patriotic than ever. He can use that support to delegitimize al-Shabab.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "Somalia's newly elected President Mohamed Abdullahi Farmajo flanked by outgoing president Hassan Sheikh Mohamud (L) addresses lawmakers after winning the vote at the airport in Somalia's capital Mogadishu, Feb. 8, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D857097A-24E2-4035-B32A-98967874466C.jpg",
        "id": "15453_1",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "Farmajo",
            "\u201cFarmajo,\""
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Mohamed Abdullahi Farmajo",
            "Mohamed Abdullahi"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_10_3717624",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_10_3717624_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the balding person with dark hair in the image call for?",
        "context": "Asia Pacific Trade Ministers Meet, Seek to Revive TPP\nHANOI, VIETNAM \u2014\u00a0\nThe Pacific Rim trade ministers started their two-day meeting in Hanoi Saturday focusing on free trade and regional economic integration amid fears of growing trade protectionism.\nU.S Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer made his international debut at the gathering of 21 ministers from the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation forum.\nTrans Pacific Partnership\nOn the sidelines of the meeting, trade ministers from the remaining 11 countries involved in the Trans Pacific Partnership trade pact are scheduled to meet Sunday seeking to revive the agreement after the U.S. pulled out.\nAlan Bollard, executive director of APEC Secretariat, said the ministers may either change some of the articles and put the pact into force or discuss it further.\nPresident Donald Trump withdrew the United States from the TPP soon after taking office in January, something he championed during his presidential campaigns as part of his \u201cAmerica First\u201d trade policy.\nVietnam and Malaysia had been expected to be beneficiaries from the original TPP with greater access to U.S. markets and investments.\nChina trade group\nIn the meantime, ministers from the 16-member Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership led by China will also hold a meeting in Hanoi Monday to further their discussion on the deal seen as an alternative to TPP. It is expected to be finalized by the end of this year.\nSpeaking at the opening of the APEC ministers\u2019 meeting, Vietnamese Prime Minister Nguyen Xuan Phuc said that APEC should step up economic and technical cooperation to enhance the effectiveness and distinguish APEC cooperation from that of the other organizations and forums.\nVietnam will host the annual APEC summit this November when leaders including Trump, Russian President Vladimir Putin and Chinese President Xi Jinping are expected to attend. \n",
        "caption": "Vietnamese Prime Minister Nguyen Xuan Phuc (center right) shakes hands with Chinese Minister of Commerce Zhong Shan (center left) as Philippine Trade Secretary Ramon Lopez (top left) U.S Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer (top right) and Peruvian Trade Minister Eduardo Ferreyros (bottom right) gather for a group photo at the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Trade ministerial meeting in Hanoi, Vietnam, May 20, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/BB8DCB41-3E55-416B-BCB9-4832EDAFC427.jpg",
        "id": "27260_1",
        "answer": [
            "APEC should step up economic and technical cooperation"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Nguyen Xuan Phuc"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_20_3863081",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_20_3863081_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where did the person in the image just come from?",
        "context": "UN Chief Hails Improved Cooperation With AU\nUNITED NATIONS \u2014\u00a0\nNew U.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres said Wednesday that the organization is working to \u201cavoid the worst\u201d for South Sudan. He also praised the international and regional cooperation that prevented large-scale violence in Gambia during its recent post-election crisis.\nGuterres spoke to reporters at the U.N. after his return from the African Union summit in Ethiopia.\nThe new U.N. chief said the situation in conflict-torn South Sudan is \u201cdramatic\u201d and could worsen.\nGuterres said it was agreed at a meeting involving himself, leaders of the AU and East African bloc IGAD that they would cooperate to make sure South Sudan's national dialogue is genuinely inclusive going forward.\nHe also met with South Sudan\u2019s president.\n\u201cIn a meeting with Salva Kiir, it was agreed that we will have better cooperation both for the U.N. mission to operate more freely inside South Sudan and for the Regional Protection Force to be put in place,\" Guterres said.\nAfrican nations have proposed deploying 4,000 troops to South Sudan to help stabilize the country, where three years of conflict have displaced more than two million people.\nGuterres said it was agreed that Kenya would contribute troops to the force.\nTurning to the recent post-election crisis in Gambia, where President Yahya Jammeh initially refused to step down in favor of his democratically-elected opponent, Adama Barrow, Guterres said the episode demonstrated what is possible when there is regional unity.\n\u201cIt is possible for action to be taken and it is possible for democracy, human rights and the freedom of peoples to be defended. When there is division in the region, it is much more difficult for the U.N. to be able to act accordingly,\u201d the U.N. chief said.\nThe secretary-general said the narrative about Africa must not be based on the crises, but on the continent\u2019s potential.\nHe said Africa has grown economically and has great success stories that must be built on to achieve widespread and inclusive sustainable development. Guterres said that is the best way to prevent further conflicts.\n",
        "caption": "United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres speaks to reporters during a news conference, Feb. 1, 2017, at U.N. headquarters in New York.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F8F16670-766A-4E73-AC38-7322D0395049.jpg",
        "id": "4605_1",
        "answer": [
            "African Union summit in Ethiopia",
            "the African Union summit in Ethiopia."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Antonio Guterres",
            "Guterres"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_01_3702303",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_01_3702303_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What entity captured the efforts of the people in the image?",
        "context": "Hopes Fading in China for 118 Still Missing Day After Landslide\nRescue workers in China searched for 118 people still missing more than 24 hours after a landslide buried a mountain village, with hopes fading on Sunday after 15 bodies were pulled out of the rock and mud during the first day of the search.\nA couple and their two-month-old baby were found alive in the hours after the massive landslide crashed down on the village of Xinmo, in the southwest province of Sichuan as dawn broke on Saturday. But there was no news of any other survivors being found.\nAuthorities had not updated an overnight toll of 15 confirmed dead, but geological experts said that chances of survival for the missing were slim, state-owned Xinhua news agency reported.\nAt risk from more landslides in the area, a massive rescue effort involving more than 3,000 rescue workers was underway, Xinhua reported.\nThe names of the missing were posted on government websites, it said.\nHeavy rain triggered the landslide, authorities said, although further light showers expected today and Monday were not expected to affect search efforts, CCTV reported.\nMore than 3,000 people \u2014 police, soldiers and civilians \u2014 are participating in the rescue efforts, according to officials, and have been working nonstop to search through the rocks and rubble for survivors.\nRescuers and local residents used ropes to move a boulder while dozens of others, aided by dogs to sniff out humans, searched the rubble for survivors, according to videos posted online by the Maoxian government and state broadcaster CCTV.\nRescue personnel work at the site of a landslide that destroyed more than 60 households, where more than 100 people are feared to be buried, according to local media reports, in Xinmo Village, China, June 24, 2017.\nBulldozers and heavy diggers also have been deployed to remove boulders, while villagers and soldiers lifted rocks with their bare hands. Rescuers brought spotlights to continue the search after sunset. Medics were seen treating a woman on a road.\nNo sign of the village could be seen in aerial footage, which revealed a grim and grey rock-strewn landscape covering that part of southwestern China where a river had flowed.\n\"It's the biggest landslide in this area since the Wenchuan earthquake,\" said Wang Yongbo, one of the officials in charge of rescue efforts, referring to the disaster that killed 87,000 people in 2008 in a town in Sichuan.\nAuthorities say the landslide was caused by torrential rain, and the cascading debris of mud and rocks blocked a 2-kilometer stretch of a river and a 1.6-kilometer section of a road, according to local officials.\nLandslides are a frequent danger in rural and mountainous parts of China, particularly after heavy rains.\n",
        "caption": "Rescue workers search for survivors at the site of a landslide that occurred in Xinmo Village, Mao County, Sichuan province, China, June 24, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F0D94837-458D-46B1-9057-3CEE1AAD7817.jpg",
        "id": "19487_1",
        "answer": [
            "Xinhua",
            "None",
            "CCTV"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Rescue workers",
            "rescue workers"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_24_3914148",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_24_3914148_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person with the red tie in the image trying to do?",
        "context": "Trump: US Government Needs 'Good Shutdown' in Fight Over Budget\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. President Donald Trump, after failing to win congressional approval for many of his spending and policy priorities for the next five months, said Tuesday the government \"needs a good 'shutdown' in September\" when lawmakers will be debating the 2018 funding plan.\nIn a tweet, Trump blamed the result of his first fight over federal spending on lawmaking rules in the Senate, where Republicans hold a 52-48 majority. But most major legislation requires a 60-vote super majority in the 100-member chamber for approval, effectively requiring Republican and Democratic lawmakers to reach compromises.\nTrump said the reason that Republicans could not prevail on all of his priorities in the trillion-dollar budget plan that pays for government spending through September 30 \"is that we need 60 votes in the Senate which are not there!\"\nThe president said his party \"either needs to elect more Republican Senators in 2018 or change the rules now to 51 percent. Our country needs a good 'shutdown' in September to fix mess!\"\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;The reason for the plan negotiated between the Republicans and Democrats is that we need 60 votes in the Senate which are not there! We....\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/859392449181093888\\\"\\u0026gt;May 2, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;either elect more Republican Senators in 2018 or change the rules now to 51%. Our country needs a good \\\"shutdown\\\" in September to fix mess!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/859393829505552385\\\"\\u0026gt;May 2, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nThe U.S. government has not shut down since October 2013, when many agencies were closed for 16 days in a policy and funding dispute over then president Barack Obama's national health care reforms.\nIn this week's spending negotiations, Trump lost a bid for money to start construction of a wall along the U.S. border with Mexico to thwart illegal immigration, one of his key presidential campaign vows, and there are no curbs on federal grant money for cities that refuse to detain illegal immigrants he wants to deport. Funding for domestic programs sought by opposition Democrats will increase when Trump wanted reductions, while military spending will go up, but not by as much as he sought.\nCopies of President Donald Trump's first budget are displayed at the Government Printing Office in Washington, March 16, 2017.\nIn spite of the budget outcome and his call for a government shutdown in five months, Trump later publicly praised the funding plan.\n\u201cAfter years of partisan bickering and gridlock, this bill is a clear win for the American people,\" he said. \"We brought lawmakers together from both sides of the aisle to deliver a budget that funds the rebuilding of the United States military, makes historic investments in border security and provides health care for our minors and school choice for our disadvantaged children. More importantly, there is no long-term bailout for the insurance companies that the Democrats desperately wanted to subsidize \u2014 donors \u2014 the badly failing Obamacare. \u201c\nRules \u2018archaic and slow moving,\u2019 says Trump\nTuesday's broadside was the second time in recent days that Trump, a New York real estate mogul turned politician accustomed to giving orders to officials working for him and having them carried out, complained about the legislative process in the Senate.\nRepublican leaders in the Senate abandoned the 60-vote threshold to confirm Trump's nomination of a conservative jurist, Neil Gorsuch, to the Supreme Court, on a simple majority vote, but have said they won't do away with the 60-vote requirement on legislative measures.\nIn an interview over the weekend, Trump said he has found that in Washington \"things generally tend to go a little bit slower than you'd like them to go.\n\"I think the rules in Congress, and in particular the rules in the Senate, are unbelievably archaic and slow moving,\" he said. \"And in many cases, unfair. In many cases, you're forced to make deals that are not the deal you'd make. You'd make a much different kind of a deal. You're forced into situations that you hate to be forced into.\n\"I also learned, and this is very sad, because we have a country that we have to take care of. The Democrats have been totally obstructionist,\" he said. Senate Minority Leader \"Chuck Schumer has turned out to be a bad leader. He's a bad leader for the country. And the Democrats are extremely obstructionist.\"\nU.S. political analysts agreed with Trump that his Democratic opponents won most of the funding disputes in this week's budget negotiations.\nBut the top Republican in the House of Representatives, Speaker Paul Ryan, painted the accord differently, saying that his party's negotiators had been successful in ending an Obama-era requirement that an increase in military spending had to be matched equally with a boost in domestic funding.\n\"This is the biggest victory we could have had,\" Ryan said. \"No longer are the needs of our military going to be held hostage to an increase in domestic spending.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin listens at right as President Donald Trump speaks during a meeting on the Federal budget, Feb. 22, 2017, in the Roosevelt Room of the White House in Washington.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/ED78A7E5-A3F3-41E5-A50C-474731EEE993.jpg",
        "id": "20836_1",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            " start construction of a wall along the U.S. border with Mexico to thwart illegal immigration",
            "start construction of a wall along the U.S. border with Mexico"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Donald Trump",
            "Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_02_3834631",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_02_3834631_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What was the long name for the thing that hit the place in the image?",
        "context": "US Airstrike Kills Newest Islamic State Leader in Afghanistan\nPENTAGON \u2014\u00a0\nThe top Islamic State official in Afghanistan has been killed in a U.S. airstrike, the second such targeted killing in the past four months and third in the past year.\nU.S. military officials said Friday that Abu Sayed was killed July 11 in a strike on the group's headquarters in the northeastern Afghan province of Kunar. Other IS members were also killed.\nU.S. Defense Secretary Jim Mattis called the strike a sign U.S. efforts to counter the terror group in Afghanistan were going \u201cin the right direction.\u201d\n\u201cEvery time you kill a leader of one of these groups, it sets them back,\u201d Mattis told Pentagon reporters, refusing to go into more detail on the operation.\n\u201cWe will continue until they are annihilated,\u201d Gen. John Nicholson, the commander of U.S. and NATO forces in Afghanistan, said separately in a statement. \u201cThere is no safe haven for ISIS-K in Afghanistan.\u201d\nCommander of the Resolute Support mission and U.S. Forces in Afghanistan Army Gen. John W. Nicholson speaks during an opening ceremony of \"Invictus Games\" at the Resolute Support Headquarters, in Kabul, Afghanistan, May 13 , 2017.\nIS leader\nSayed took over as leader of the Islamic State's self-styled Khorasan province branch in late April or early May of this year, after the previous emir, Abdul Hasib, was killed in a U.S.-Afghan raid on a cave-and-tunnel complex in the Achin district of Afghanistan's Nangarhar province.\nThat raid also killed another 35 IS fighters after what U.S. officials described as a brutal, three-hour-long firefight. Two U.S. special operation force soldiers were also killed.\nThe U.S. military killed the group's initial leader, Hafiz Sayed Khan, in late July 2016.\nU.S. and Afghan forces had launched a counteroffensive against IS this past March, focusing on fighters in eastern Nangarhar province.\nAfghan Special Forces inspect inside a cave which was used by suspected Islamic State militants at the site where a MOAB, or ''mother of all bombs'', struck the Achin district of the eastern province of Nangarhar, Afghanistan April 23, 2017.\nIslamic State numbers dropping\nIn April of this year, the U.S. targeted an extensive IS tunnel-and-cave complex in Nangarhar with the largest non-nuclear bomb in the U.S. arsenal, a GBU-43 Massive Ordnance Air Blast bomb.\nOfficials said the ordinance, also known as \"the mother of all bombs,\" killed 92 Islamic State fighters, though as many as 800 may have been in the area.\nAt its height, intelligence and military officials and analysts say, IS may have boasted as many as 2,000 to 3,000 fighters in Afghanistan. More recent estimates put the number of IS fighters in Afghanistan at fewer than 1,000.\n",
        "caption": "Afghan Special Forces inspect inside a cave which was used by suspected Islamic State militants at the site where a MOAB, or ''mother of all bombs'', struck the Achin district of the eastern province of Nangarhar, Afghanistan April 23, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/004ACD58-2A5E-471A-BADB-A00B001D1922.jpg",
        "id": "28381_3",
        "answer": [
            "GBU-43 Massive Ordnance Air Blast bomb"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "cave"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_14_3944654",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_14_3944654_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the text in the image outline?",
        "context": "US Lawmakers React to Trump Son's Emails\nCAPITOL HILL \u2014\u00a0\nBombshell emails released by President Donald Trump\u2019s eldest son immediately refocused Congress\u2019 attention on the investigation of Russian meddling in last year\u2019s U.S. election.\nEmails in which Donald Trump Jr. expressed eagerness to obtain damaging information about his father\u2019s 2016 election opponent, Democrat Hillary Clinton, from a Russian source sent shockwaves across the Capitol.\n\"This is the first time that the public has seen clear evidence of the organized Russian effort, \" said Mark Warner, the top Democrat on the Senate Intelligence Committee. \u201cToday we see acknowledgement in black and white that this was the Crown prosecutor of Russia and part of a Russian government effort to try to discredit Clinton and help Trump.\u201d\nSteps must be taken, according to Republican Senator Susan Collins, who also serves on the Intelligence Committee.\n\"The emails deserve a thorough investigation. I believe that the [intelligence] committee should interview Donald Trump Jr. as well as everyone else who was involved in attending the meeting or setting up the meeting. Until we have a fuller picture, it would be premature for me to reach any judgment,\u201d she said.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;Here is page 4 (which did not post due to space constraints). \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://t.co/z1Xi4nr2gq\\\"\\u0026gt;pic.twitter.com/z1Xi4nr2gq\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald Trump Jr. (@DonaldJTrumpJr) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/DonaldJTrumpJr/status/884789839522140166\\\"\\u0026gt;July 11, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nBut some conclusions are inescapable, according to Democratic Senator Chris Murphy.\n\"For a long time we saw a lot of smoke but no fire [in the Russia investigation]. You are seeing the fire today. This starts to look like open collusion \u2014 open, knowing collusion with the Russian government. It just doesn\u2019t stand to reason that the president wouldn\u2019t have known about a meeting between the Russian government, his son-in-law, his campaign manager, and his son,\u201d he said.\nKremlin-linked lawyer Natalia Veselnitskaya admits, July 11, 2017, she met with Donald Trump Jr. during the 2016 presidential campaign, but insists that she had no compromising information on Hillary Clinton to offer in contrast to what the email exchange released by Trump's eldest son suggested.\nAs provocative as the emails are, they do not establish that any actual information passed between Russia and the Trump campaign, said Republican Senator Lindsey Graham.\n\u201cOne person suggested that the Russian government was willing to help the Trump campaign. The Trump campaign seemed to be interested in being helped. But the actual meeting, as far as I understand, there was no help given. But, on its face, it\u2019s problematic,\u201d he said.\nAsked if the emails show evidence of treason, Democratic Senator Martin Heinrich said the correspondence \u201cspeaks for itself.\u201d\n\"I think it says that we are at a very unusual moment in history, and I hope that people start putting their country first,\u201d said Heinrich.\nSeveral Republican lawmakers declined to comment. Senator John Cornyn told reporters he had no reaction to the Trump Jr. emails, explaining that he has been \u201ctoo busy\u201d focusing on the Republican push to reform America\u2019s health care system.\n",
        "caption": "Part of an email conversation between Donald Trump Jr. and publicist Rob Goldstone is seen in a Twitter message posted by Trump Jr., July 11, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/BCEEF100-7D31-4B1C-8D80-D2A5B2E6BD1D.jpg",
        "id": "28080_1",
        "answer": [
            "eagerness to obtain damaging information about his father\u2019s 2016 election opponent"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Emails"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_11_3938032",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_11_3938032_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What decision did the woman in the image make that led to her traveling in the project that her vehicle is for?",
        "context": "Terror Attacks May Drive Security Issues in Upcoming Brexit Talks \nBRUSSELS \u2014\u00a0\n\"Europe stands by UK in fight against terrorism\" tweeted EU Council President Donald Tusk after London was hit by a terror attack Saturday. Britain was also shocked by attacks in March and May.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;My heart and mind are in London after another cowardly attack. Europe stands by UK in fight against terrorism.\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald Tusk (@eucopresident) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/eucopresident/status/871248348954730496\\\"\\u0026gt;June 4, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nCooperation between Europe and Britain on security matters, however, might soon change due to Brexit, Britain's decision to leave the European Union following a referendum last year.\nSaturday's incident killed seven people and left almost 50 wounded. Islamic State claimed the attackers were part of its terror network and several people were arrested and named.\nA combo handout photo issued by the London Metropolitan Police on June 6, 2017, shows Khuram Shazad Butt, left, Rachid Redouane, center, and Youssef Zaghba who have been named as suspects in Saturday's attack at London Bridge.\nAndrew Duff is a former liberal Member of the European Parliament and visiting fellow at the European Policy Center. He believes the recent attacks will mean a higher profile for the security aspects during the Brexit talks.\n\"It should be possible for the UK to negotiate its continuing use of the SIS 2 [Schengen information system] data exchange platform and to continue to be a member of Europol [the EU's law enforcement agency].,\" he said. \"But participation will be at a financial cost and strong institutional connections will have to be invented, including recognition of the ultimate judicial authority of the European Court of Justice.\"\nNew face of cooperation\nIn recent weeks, experts and leading security specialists in Britain have warned about the importance of cooperation on intelligence and security if Britain wants to fight terrorism.\nTechnically speaking, security issues are not part of the Brexit negotiations, as the European Union wants to first settle issues on citizens' rights and financial matters before speaking about future cooperation between the bloc and Britain.\nBritain's Prime Minister Theresa May works on her campaign bus as it travels through Staffordshire, June 6, 2017.\nBritish Prime Minister Theresa May was tough in her letter late March that triggered Article 50, the official notification to leave the European Union.\nShe wrote: \"In security terms a failure to reach agreement would mean our cooperation in the fight against crime and terrorism would be weakened.\"\nMay has publicly stated that \"no deal is better than a bad deal,\" but recent events might question that logic.\nRosa Balfour, a senior fellow at the German Marshall Foundation, said when it comes to security, a hard Brexit will affect Britain more than the EU.\n\"The UK would be more isolated and its ability to deal with security issues, which requires cooperation, would be reduced ... where EU member states would continue to cooperate amongst each other,\" she said. \"... If you're outside [the EU], you don't have the institutions and you don't necessarily have the trust if the [Brexit] negotiations don't go well.\"\nPolitical influences\nHow much influence the recent attacks have on Britain's politics will become clear Thursday when national elections are held. May called an election when her party was riding high in polls in the hopes of getting a clear mandate from the public before Brexit negotiations start June 19.\nThe advantage of her Conservative Party has fallen. Most likely they will even be short of a majority, which will further complicate the exit negotiations.\nClaude Moraes is a British Member of the European Parliament for the Labor Party and chairs the parliament committee on civil liberties, justice and home affairs. He said security will be one of the issues during the coming negotiations, but not the main one.\n\"The prime minister made a very political statement after the attacks where she talked about a more proactive response, but many of those were about international agreements,\" he said. \"Like, the internet taking down material which would radicalize potential subjects, and also issues about how terrorists communicate on the internet.\"\nMoraes urged a close working relationship with the EU, as he believes terrorism can only be countered with an international approach.\nOne of the approaches Britain could explore on security matters is the deal that Denmark struck with the EU. After a referendum, a majority of the Danish population refused to follow EU justice and home affairs policies. Despite the outcome of the referendum, Denmark will still be allowed indirect access to data and officers will still be posted at Europol headquarters.\nOther security matters are moving along in the European Union without Brexit. The EU Commission will share its plans and vision for a common defense fund on Wednesday, a move long pushed back by Britain.\n",
        "caption": "Britain's Prime Minister Theresa May works on her campaign bus as it travels through Staffordshire, June 6, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/46B67E12-7BA3-48FA-B2E6-1F67E071300A.jpg",
        "id": "31741_3",
        "answer": [
            "called an election "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "May"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_06_3889359",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_06_3889359_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What type of people does the law the people in the image are opposed to affect?",
        "context": "Two Federal Courts Rule Against Trump in Entry Ban Cases\nA U.S. federal judge who temporarily halted the enforcement of President Donald Trump's entry ban ruled Monday that the case challenging the ban itself will move forward, while another federal judge issued a new injunction to keep the ban from being implemented in the state of Virginia. \nDistrict Court Judge James Robart ruled earlier this month that people from Iraq, Iran, Syria, Libya, Yemen, Somalia and Sudan who have valid visas to enter the U.S. may do so, and the nation's refugee admissions program can continue, all while courts consider whether Trump's executive order is legal. \nSince that ruling, the government appealed to a three-judge panel at the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals, which upheld Robart's decision to pause enforcement of the ban. \nThe higher court has 25 circuit judges, and one of them asked last week that the entire group vote on whether to have an 11-member panel re-hear the arguments about whether the temporary enforcement suspension should remain in place. The two sides in the case are due to submit their briefs to that court by Thursday. \nThe Justice Department asked Judge Robart on Monday to not go any further in considering the overall legality of Trump's order until the 9th Circuit makes its decision, but Robart denied the request. \nThe state of Washington, which along with Minnesota is leading the legal challenge, argued holding hearings on the constitutionality of Trump's order in the lower court will not interfere with the appeal happening at the 9th circuit. \nThe Trump administration says it is within its authority to institute the ban, citing the need to protect the nation's security. It has also rejected criticisms that the ban, which involves majority-Muslim countries, is a ban on Muslims entering the U.S. \nDuring Trump's campaign, he originally proposed not allowing Muslims into the country, but later altered the plan to instead target nations with links to terrorism. \nDistrict Court Judge Leonie Brinkema cited those statements in her ruling Monday in Virginia that imposed a preliminary injunction against the enforcement of the entry ban portion of the executive order. It does not apply to the refugee program. \n\"The question is whether the EO (executive order) was animated by national security concerns at all, as opposed to the impermissible motive of, in the context of entry, disfavoring one religious group and, in the area of refugees, favoring another religious group,\" Brinkema wrote. \nThe U.S. Constitution forbids the government from establishing an official religion or taking actions that promote or inhibit religion. Trump's order specified that refugees who are a religious minority in their country and facing persecution would still be eligible for admission to the U.S. \n\"Although there is no interest more weighty than a bona fide national security concern, the defendants have presented no evidence to support their contention that the EO is necessary to national security,\" Brinkema said in ruling against Trump. \nVirginia based its case on the impacts of the ban on its state universities and community colleges, saying students were withdrawing applications, schools would lose tuition money and that Virginia students studying abroad could face inflamed anti-American sentiment. \nBrinkema cited a state university official who said the ban affected international travel for at least 350 students at five of the state's biggest schools.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Demonstrators opposed to President Trump's travel ban march through Tom Bradley International Terminal at Los Angeles International Airport.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/EE9B025C-75C1-4F40-A70C-5D3C68686CF1.jpg",
        "id": "21317_1",
        "answer": [
            "Muslims entering the U.S.",
            "Muslims",
            "people from Iraq, Iran, Syria, Libya, Yemen, Somalia and Sudan who have valid visas to enter the U.S."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "President Trump's travel ban",
            "ban"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_14_3723666",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_14_3723666_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where are the crafts like those in the image usually from?",
        "context": "Seized Oil Tanker with 8 Crew Anchored Off Somalia Coast \nThe hijackers who seized an oil tanker and its eight-man crew off Somalia are demanding \u201ccompensation\u201d for a rise in illegal fishing in Somali waters.\nVOA\u2019s Somali service spoke by phone to one of the hijackers Tuesday, a day after men boarded and seized the ship about 30 kilometers off the Somali coast, then anchored off Alula, a town in Somalia\u2019s Puntland region.\nThe hijacker said seven men took part in the raid. He asserted that he and his colleagues are fishermen, not pirates.\n\u201cWe have decided, as local fishermen, to resist illegal fishing. We have taken arms to defend ourselves, and we will continue,\u201d said the man, who declined to give his name and did not suggest any dollar figures.\nAsked about the crew, he said: \u201cIt\u2019s not our principle to kill them. They are healthy. We looked after them. We are after the people who sent them, to make sure they never return.\u201d\nPhoto of hijacked tanker provided to VOA's Somali service by hijacker, March 14, 2017.\nThe ship, the Aris 13, is owned by a company in the United Arab Emirates and is carrying eight crew members, all from Sri Lanka.\nRegional maritime officials told VOA that the ship had departed from Djibouti port and was headed for Mogadishu carrying oil and gas.\nJohn Steed, regional manager for the NGO Oceans beyond Piracy, says the ship was approached by two skiffs, one of them asking for water.\n\u201cThe captain, having reported that, was not heard from again and the company could not raise the ship and the ship was seen to move into the coast of Somalia,\u201d Steed said.\u201d\nSteed says he does not know if there were any gunshots or violence before the ship was seized. He said a Japanese warship responded to the hijacking but is being careful so as not to endanger the tanker\u2019s crew.\nThe situation is reminiscent of the piracy that flourished in Somali waters between 2007 and 2011. Bands of Somali pirates, based in Puntland or central Somalia, hijacked dozens of foreign vessels during that time, often receiving multi-million dollar ransoms to free the ships and their crews.\nPiracy nearly vanished in subsequent years, as ships passing by Somalia improved on-board security and international navies stepped up patrols in the Gulf of Aden, the Arabian Sea and the western Indian Ocean.\nMaritime groups have warned that piracy could return because of increased fishing by foreign vessels in Somali waters, most of them from Yemen and Iran.\n\u201cThere are a lot of illegal vessels off the coast of Somalia, most without license and not paying for their license dues to Somalia,\u201d said Steed. \u201cMany of these fishing fleets are very aggressive and there has been fighting between fishing vessels. There may well have been murder among fishermen.\u201d\nHowever, Steed said he doubted the hijackers\u2019 claim to be mere fishermen, calling it \u201chighly unlikely.\u201d\nOfficials in the Puntland region said they are watching the hijacked ship and have put security forces on alert.\n\u201cThese are pirates. I have mobilized the troops in the area, Our plan is to do whatever we can in our effort to face this piracy act,\u201d said Ali-Shire Mohamud Osman, a senior official in Alula.\nHe said his administration has not made contact with the hijackers nor received any demands from them.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - masked and armed Somali pirate Hassan stands near a Taiwanese fishing vessel washed ashore after the pirates were paid a ransom and the crew were released.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/752D1C32-8D25-4E4D-8334-A84EC144CD75.jpg",
        "id": "31489_1",
        "answer": [
            "Yemen and Iran"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "vessel"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_14_3765302",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_14_3765302_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person in the foreground of the image lacking?",
        "context": "NGOs: Pakistan Government Restrictions Hamper Campaigns to Curb Militancy\nAid agencies in Pakistan\u2019s restive northwestern region are struggling to provide services to help curb militancy and deliver aid because they lack government permission to operate, according to humanitarian organizations.\nThe aid groups say the government is creating obstacles for them to obtain a \"No Objection Certificate\" (NOC) in northwestern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, which has been hard-hit by militancy and terrorism. The certificate is a requirement for an organization to work in the area.\n\u201cGetting an NOC is almost impossible in the areas where military operations are currently ongoing,\u201d Tahira Abdullah, a human rights activist in Pakistan, told VOA.\nHumanitarian and aid organizations are required to have the document, which is a form of approval from the provincial government prior to starting projects in the region.\nForeign-funded local organizations in northwestern Pakistan provide humanitarian and emergency assistance, including health, education, and food distribution, to more than two million people who have been displaced by ongoing Pakistani military operations against militant groups.\nSome of the local organizations help teach programs on empowering women and young people that are designed to help curb a spreading extremist ideology among Pakistani youth. \nFor the past few years, obtaining NOCs has increasingly become harder for aid agencies in Pakhtunkhwa, according to the NGOs. They say the restrictions have adversely affected aid effectiveness in the militancy-torn region. \n\u201cThere are more than 15 aid agencies waiting for issuance of \u2018No Objection Certificate\u2019 from the Pakhtunkhwa government for over seven months now,\u201d Sher Zaman, provincial program manager for the South Asia Partnership Pakistan organization, told VOA. The process should not take more than two to three months according to government regulations, Zaman said.\nOfficials \u2018looking into the matter\u2019\nMushtaq Ghani, a spokesperson for the provincial government, told VOA, that authorities are aware of the delays.\n\u201cI\u2019ve heard complaints from different aid agencies,\u201d Ghani said. \u201cI\u2019m looking into the matter along with Home Department.\u201d\nGhani said the certificate regulations were introduced to \u201cverify the aid agencies\u201d as some militant organizations use aid groups as a cloak for terrorist activities.\nFILE - A man fleeing a military offensive against militants in the Khyber Agency, travels on a vehicle laden with his family's belongings on the outskirts of Peshawar in Pakistan's Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province Oct. 30, 2014. For the past few years, obtaining operating permissions, so-called \"No Objection Certificates\" or NOCs, has increasingly become harder for aid agencies in Pakhtunkhwa, according to NGOs.\n\u201cWe\u2019ve got to be careful before we allow any aid agency receiving foreign aid to start operation in the region,\u201d Ghani said.\nBut the prolonged delays are leaving a void in education and employment as aid groups are not able to hire or educate children. \nAid groups say the restrictions have alienated young people who are a target for militants recruiters. According to aid groups, more than 6,500 people in the tribal region have lost their jobs during the past few months due to restrictions on aid agencies.\nCivil society activists say the government often does not provide a reason for delaying issuing a certificate.\n\u201cWe\u2019ve tried to talk to different departments of the government on the matter. But they just wouldn\u2019t give you a reason or an answer,\u201d Sher Khan, vice chairperson of the Human Rights Commission of Pakistan in Pakhtunkhwa told VOA.\nUnwelcome scrutiny\nSome activists say the restrictions on aid groups are an attempt by the government to avoid outside scrutiny.\nPakistan\u2019s military has been accused by activists of human rights violations in the tribal region. Thousands of people have been rounded up in what the government calls terrorism-related probes and are classified as missing, the groups said. \nHuman rights experts say that civil and military governments in Pakistan through the years have shunned progressive, liberal and rights-based aid agencies.\n\u201cThese organizations also monitor government performance and write alternate/shadow reports to rebut the distorted, untruthful government reports to U.N. bodies on United Nation Conventions that Pakistan has ratified,\u201d said one activist named Abdullah.\nAdvocates say humanitarian organizations are needed in the restive area to educate people on their rights.\n\u201cWe really need initiatives from aid agencies through which we can make people aware of their rights and to make them demand their basic needs from the government,\u201d said Shabaan Ali, who runs a non-governmental organization to help empower his tribesmen.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A Pakistani non-governmental humanitarian organization volunteer (front) adjusts a cooking fire as locals line up to receive meals in Nowshera, in Pakistan's northwest Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa Province, Sept. 10, 2010. Foreign-funded local organizations in northwestern Pakistan provide humanitarian and emergency assistance, including health, education, and food distribution, to more than two million people who have been displaced by ongoing Pakistani military operations against militant groups.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/FFFC3720-417F-4D06-B048-AE1ED5E5B884.jpg",
        "id": "24263_1",
        "answer": [
            "government permission to operate"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "humanitarian organization"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_21_3733512",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_21_3733512_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What do the people in the image do for joy?",
        "context": "Gambia Searches Jammeh's Palaces for Missing Millions\nKANILAI, GAMBIA \u2014\u00a0\nIn a warehouse on the sprawling country estate of Gambia's exiled former leader, Yahya Jammeh, silver platters pile up beside dusty crates of empty champagne bottles with labels commemorating his 1994 coup.\nA bailiff picks through the boxes and scribbles down notes \u2014 the start of what the new government says is a search for tens of millions of dollars of looted assets, an investigation that Jammeh's supporters have dismissed as a witch hunt.\nA U.S. official in Banjul said Washington was planning to help, and government staff say they are counting on World Bank assistance. The size of the Kanilai estate \u2014 just a small fraction of Jammeh's holdings, according to the government official leading the tour \u2014 shows the scale of the task ahead.\n\"We suspect most of the things were taken away before he left \u2014 the treasure, possibly weapons and most of the vehicles,\" said the bailiff from Gambia's high court, Modou Moussa Ceesay, taking an inventory of Jammeh's possessions.\nThe former president, accused by opponents and rights groups of widespread violations and corruption, fled Gambia in January as regional forces descended on the capital, Banjul, to enforce the results of an election he lost.\nHe has not commented on the investigation from his new base in Equatorial Guinea. His still strong band of supporters left behind in the tiny West African state have called the plunder hunt a case of victor's justice.\nMoluccan cockatoos peer out of a cage in former Gambian President Yahya Jammeh's estate in Kanilai, Gambia, July 1, 2017.\nTanks, zebras, camels\nKanilai was Jammeh's birthplace and is now his most elaborate estate \u2014 complete with farm, mosque, tanks, multiple residences, jungle warfare training camp and vast private safari park housing exotic parrots, zebras, hyenas and camels.\nBuilding materials lie next to an unfinished new palace, near a billboard of a smiling Jammeh embracing his family.\nThe justice ministry team inspected it all under the gaze of a group of Jammeh's relatives and supporters, all wearing the green T-shirts of his APRC party. One of them stuck up his middle finger at the visiting delegation.\nSoldiers pull open the doors to a warehouse inside former Gambian President Yahya Jammeh's personal estate in Kanilai, Gambia, July 1, 2017.\nAPRC leader Fabakary Tombong Jatta later told Reuters he had no knowledge of any embezzlement of state funds or foreign assets owned by Jammeh.\n\"These people just want anything with any link to Jammeh, and that's not fair,\" he said, calling the investigation \"witch-hunting.\"\nNew President Adama Barrow took office in January and set up a task force to track down Jammeh's assets in May. \"Most of the paper trails are available,\" Gambian Solicitor General Cherno Marenah said.\nBut following those paper trails is proving time-consuming. Investigators made their first visit to the heavily fortified estate just this month.\nFinance Minister Amadou Sanneh last month said $100 million \u2014 more than a third of the annual budget \u2014 had been siphoned from state firms in the riverside nation, nearly half of whose 1.8 million people live in poverty.\nA dusty champagne bottle from an edition commemorating the day former Gambian President Yahya Jammeh came to power is seen in his estate in Kanilai, Gambia, July 1, 2017.\nA list of Jammeh assets temporarily seized by the government pending a court order showed 14 businesses in such fields as media, insurance and farming.\nSanneh said the government planned to sell four of Jammeh's presidential planes.\n'Too much for one man'\nMarenah said investigators were also looking into assets in Morocco and the United States, where one U.S. official told Reuters that Jammeh owned property in Potomac, Maryland, a wealthy suburb of Washington, D.C.\nAn official in the U.S. Embassy in Banjul confirmed that they were collaborating with the Gambian government on how to assist with the recovery efforts.\nThe World Bank is to help Gambia through its Stolen Assets Recovery Program, Marenah said, though the bank declined to comment.\nBack at Kanilai, once a small village near the border with Senegal, soldiers lead a tour of Jammeh's main residences. The screeches of three of his abandoned parrots echo inside an empty ballroom hanging with crystal chandeliers.\nGambian Major YMS Darboe stands in front of a pile of empty cardboard boxes stored in a warehouse in former Gambian President Yahya Jammeh's personal estate in Kanilai, Gambia, July 1, 2017.\nOne of the pictures hanging on the wall shows a young Jammeh holding a staff some Gambians thought gave him mystical powers \u2014 he long said he had developed a secret cure for AIDS.\nA pile of paperwork, including an old business document from a visiting Royal Dutch Shell delegation, sits near a bookshelf holding Adolf Hitler's Mein Kampf and former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher's memoir The Downing Street Years.\nAt the entrance to another residence, soldiers swap jokes and take turns playing on a grand piano and shooting pool next to a fake Christmas tree.\n\"It's too much for one man,\" mutters one of them as the delegation tours the rooms.\n",
        "caption": "Soldiers pull open the doors to a warehouse inside former Gambian President Yahya Jammeh's personal estate in Kanilai, Gambia, July 1, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/C85BD965-1B5B-4CE8-B1BE-859616DF3703.jpg",
        "id": "27940_3",
        "answer": [
            "swap jokes and take turns playing on a grand piano and shooting pool next to a fake Christmas tree"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "soldiers"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_13_3943380",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_13_3943380_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What was used to attack the facility in the image?",
        "context": "US Observes Activity at Syrian Air Base Used in Chemical Attack\nPENTAGON/WASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nThe United States says it has detected potential preparations for a chemical attack at Syria's Shayrat airfield, which was used in April to launch a chemical attack that killed more than 80 people in Khan Sheikhoun.\nNavy Capt. Jeff Davis, the Pentagon's director of press operations, told reporters Tuesday the information gathered by military officials emerged \"over the last few days\" but \"became more compelling in the last day.\"\nThe Syrian activity involved specific aircraft in a specific hangar known to be associated with chemical weapons use, according to Pentagon officials.\n\"We have observed activities at Shayrat Air Base that suggest possible intent by the Syrian regime to use chemical weapons again,\" Pentagon spokesman Adrian Rankine Galloway told VOA. \"These activities are similar to what we observed prior to the regime['s] chemical weapons attack against Khan Sheikhoun in April.\"\nFILE - Victims of the chemical weapons attack lie on the ground in Khan Sheikhoun, in the northern province of Idlib, Syria, April 4, 2017.\nAfter the chemical weapons attack in April, which killed more than 80 civilians, the U.S. struck Shayrat Air Base with dozens of Tomahawk cruise missiles, destroying and severely damaging about 20 aircraft, aircraft storage facilities, ammunition supply bunkers and radars. Analysis by the French government found sarin gas was used in the April attack, along with a stabilizer known as hexamine.\nWhite House press secretary Sean Spicer said late Monday the United States had identified \"potential preparations\" for a chemical attack and warned that if Syrian forces carry out another chemical attack, they would \"pay a heavy price.\"\nGalloway called past use of chemical weapons by Syrian President Bashar al-Assad's regime \"a clear threat to regional stability,\" and said the mere presence of chemical weapons in Syria raises concerns for the U.S. because they could fall into the hands of terrorist groups operating there.\nSyrian officials denied the allegations.\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nUS Military Says Signs Syria Might be Preparing Another Chemical Attack\nShare this video\n0:02:09\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:09\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 6.3MB\n360p | 9.6MB\n720p | 57.5MB\n1080p | 40.9MB\nInternational flashpoint\nA senior U.S. official told VOA the White House statement was prompted not only by fears a strike would lead to mass civilian casualties, but that a chemical attack might also be used to target rebel allies of the U.S. in eastern Syria. The official spoke on the condition of anonymity as he's not authorized to speak to the media.\nEastern Syria is fast becoming an international flashpoint where rival foreign-backed forces are scrambling to seize territory from the Islamic State terror group.\nThe U.S. ambassador to the U.N., Nikki Haley, told members of Congress on Tuesday the fight in Syria is now more complex due to the number of countries involved in the conflict. She said America had received praise from other ambassadors after the strike on Shayrat airfield in April, and she said any further chemical attacks carried out by the Assad regime would be met with similar aggressiveness.\n\"The warning that the president put out last night \u2026 is very much letting them know that we're not going to give you a path for using chemical weapons on men, women and children,\" Haley said during testimony before the House Appropriations Committee.\nWATCH: Haley on Syria \nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nHaley: US Will Put Russia, Iran 'On Notice' If New Chemical Attack in Syria\nShare this video\n0:00:39\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:39\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 1.6MB\n360p | 1.9MB\n480p | 9.2MB\nRussia and Iran are Assad's main backers, and have provided military support in the complex fight against both rebels and Islamic State militants.\nRussian presidential spokesman Dmitry Peskov told reporters Tuesday that threats against the Syrian leadership are \"unacceptable,\" and that he did not know of any information about a threat for a chemical attack.\nHeightened tensions\nRegional analyst Anthony Billingsley of the University of New South Wales told VOA he fears another retaliatory strike could be \"a much more serious danger.\"\n\"We're now starting to add to the sort of militarization of this particular tension between governments, and that's very worrying because these things can suddenly lose control and get out of hand,\" Billingsley said.\nU.S. Secretary of Defense Jim Mattis declined to discuss the intelligence that prompted the White House warning as he flew to Europe for a NATO meeting.\nMattis stressed the American military was not going to get drawn into the Syrian civil war, but noted that \"if somebody comes after us, bombs us or takes a heading on us or fires on us, then under legitimate self-defense, we'll do whatever we have to do to stop it.\"\nVOA's Victor Beattie contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - This satellite image released by the U.S. Department of Defense shows a damage assessment image of Shayrat Air Base in Syria, following U.S. Tomahawk Land Attack Missile strikes on April 7, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/23005E19-F8F9-439D-A54C-E1748BFCDC91.jpg",
        "id": "29877_1",
        "answer": [
            "dozens of Tomahawk cruise missile"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Shayrat Air Base"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_27_3918043",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_27_3918043_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What happened to the man on the right in the image",
        "context": "Turkey Identifies Istanbul Nightclub Shooter\nISTANBUL \u2014\u00a0\nTurkish Foreign Minister Mevlut Cavusoglu said Wednesday authorities have identified the gunman who killed 39 people in a New Year's attack at a nightclub in Istanbul.\nCavusoglu made the announcement during an interview with the state-run Anadolu news agency, but did not give the attacker's name.\nAuthorities have been searching for the shooter since early Sunday when he fled the Reina nightclub.\nTurkish media broadcast video Tuesday of a man they said was the suspected gunman walking around Istanbul's Taksim square. It was unclear when the video was recorded. Authorities had earlier released a grainy image of the suspected shooter taken from security camera footage.\nAnadolu also reported Wednesday authorities had detained five more people in connection with the attack. The five were suspected to be members of the Islamic State group and were taken into custody in the western city of Izmir.\nU.S. President Barack Obama expressed his condolences Tuesday during a phone call with Turkish leader Recep Tayyip Erdogan. The White House said the two leaders agreed that Turkey and the United States must continue to stand united in order to defeat terrorism. Obama also praised Turkey\u2019s ongoing efforts to work with regional players to facilitate a nationwide cease-fire in Syria and a return to political negotiations between the Syrian regime and the opposition.\nFlowers are placed in front of a police barrier near the entrance of Reina nightclub by the Bosphorus, which was attacked by a gunman, in Istanbul, Turkey, Jan. 1, 2017.\nThe attack began early Sunday with the gunman killing a police officer and a civilian outside the nightclub before going inside. There were about 600 people, many of them foreigners, in the club at the time. In addition to those killed, about 70 people were injured. \nIn a statement Monday, Islamic State said one of its \u201cheroic soldiers\u201d carried out the attack and that it targeted Turkey for siding \u201cwith countries of the cross.\" The group said the night club was targeted because it was a place where \u201cChristians celebrated their apostles.\u201d\n\"It was certainly expected that Islamic State would one way or another be linked to the attack,\u201d said political analyst Sinan Ulgen, of EDAM, an Istanbul-based political research group. \"Looking at both the nature of the target, a popular night club, (and) the timing, New Year\u2019s Eve, made it likely to be Islamic State.\u201d\nIn a video released last week, Islamic State called on its supporters to launch attacks in Turkey. The video came against the backdrop of the Turkish military\u2019s ongoing battle to wrest control of the strategically important Syrian town of al-Bab from the jihadist group.\nCiting security sources, Turkish media reported Monday that the gunman in the nightclub attack is believed to have come from a Central Asian country, either Kyrgyzstan or Uzbekistan. Many Islamic State fighters are drawn from Central Asian countries and have used Istanbul as a base before traveling to fight in Syria. \nExperts say Turkey is paying for the government\u2019s earlier Syrian policy. \u201cTurkey did choose to support Islamist-leaning groups of the Syrian rebel opposition, with the view and expectation that support would accelerate regime change in Syria,\u201d notes analyst Ulgen. \u201cWhat we have seen is these groups have taken advantage of the position of the Turkish government to set up (terror) cells within Turkey, which are now being used against Turkey.\u201c\nLocal media, citing a police report, said that three days before the nightclub attack, 63 suspected Islamic State militants were detained across Turkey, including in Istanbul. The same report said many of those held were from foreign countries and that the same jihadist cell that carried out June\u2019s attack on Ataturk airport could be behind this latest deadly attack.\n",
        "caption": "Photos of victims and floral tributes are left at the scene of the nightclub New Year's Day attack, in Istanbul, Jan. 3, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/FFE13FDF-B14B-4D16-ADCD-230204AB4576.jpg",
        "id": "3605_1",
        "answer": [
            "gunman killing a police officer and a civilian outside the nightclub"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "police officer and a civilian"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_04_3662412",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_04_3662412_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What are the effects of the lack of the resource in the image felt in?",
        "context": "Official: At Least 25 Starve to Death in Somaliland\nAt least 25 people have died of starvation in the self-declared republic of Somaliland as the Horn of Africa grapples with an increasingly severe drought.\n\u201cThe drought situation is at its most dangerous level. Eighty percent of the livestock have gone and we are struggling with saving people, who have started dying. So far, we have recorded 25 deaths, most of them children who starved to death,\" said Ahmed Abdi Salay, the governor of Somaliland's northwest Sanag region.\nAccording to the United Nations, more than 50,000 children across Somaliland and Somalia are facing possible death because of the ongoing regional drought. \nSomaliland declared independence from Somalia in 1991 but is not recognized by any other country.\nThe news about the deaths in Sanag emerged a day after government-owned Radio Mogadishu website reported that at least 26 people died of starvation in Somalia's southern region of Jubaland.\nThe governor of the Togdheer region in Somaliland, Mohamud Ali Saleban, said the drought is affecting every part of Somali society.\n\u201cThe pain of the drought has touched us in all levels, every office and every household there is the impact,\" he said. \"Relatives who lost their livestock have resorted to come to the cities in search of lifesaving assistance from their acquaintances and relatives,\u201d Saleban said.\nChildren drink water delivered by a truck in the drought stricken Baligubadle village near Hargeisa, the capital city of Somaliland, in this handout picture provided by The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies on March 15, 2017\nOn Monday, Somali Prime Minister Hassan Ali Khaire included a minister of disaster management in his Cabinet, saying the ministry will deal with the drought that has left more than 6 million Somalis in need of aid.\nGovernor Salay said more than 15,000 people who have fled rural areas are now living in makeshift displaced persons' camps in the Sanag region capital of Erigavo.\nAccording to a statement from the Somali doctors\u2019 association, a group of Mogadishu doctors has joined the Drought Relief Campaign, providing medical services to individuals in the camps for the internally displaced.\n",
        "caption": "Children drink water delivered by a truck in the drought stricken Baligubadle village near Hargeisa, the capital city of Somaliland, in this handout picture provided by The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies on March 15, 2017",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/98AEE9F8-D209-4BEF-9CFB-385C089F47B5.jpg",
        "id": "29162_2",
        "answer": [
            "every part of Somali society"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "drought"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_22_3777227",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_22_3777227_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who first held the place in the image?",
        "context": "In a Town That Embraces Refugees, Auto Shop Business Flourishes\nCHARLOTTESVILLE, VIRGINIA \u2014\u00a0\nIn 2014, a stranded motorist left a glowing review for Larry\u2019s Auto and Truck Repair, located on the outskirts of Charlottesville, Virginia.\n\u201cI am in the midst of hauling my horse cross country from Northern Virginia to Denver Colorado, and as I was heading onto I64W my truck broke down\u2026\u201d wrote Ariel L. from Castle Rock, Colorado, on the Yelp business review website after ending up at Larry\u2019s Auto and Truck Repair.\n\u201cThe man was literally waiting for me like a surgeon expecting a seriously ill patient being transported to the hospital. I'm not exaggerating when I say he took the keys from me, said to make myself comfortable\u2026\u201d\nThe man was Yasha Ismailov, 35, whose family owns Larry\u2019s. He is a passionate fixer of vehicles.\n\u201cWe can fix any car,\u201d he says, \u201cSo it happens a lot of times when nobody can fix it in town, they send it here.\u201d\nRefugee Yasha Ismailov, 35, owns two business, including an auto repair shop, in Charlottesville, Virginia. (J. Soh/VOA)\nIt is not just that his name is Yasha instead of Larry, Ismailov is an unlikely businessman in Charlottesville. He came a long way to get here.\nLong journey\nA Meskhetian Turk, Ismailov was born in Uzbekistan.\nMeskthetians are an ethnic subgroup of Turks that were deported in rail cars from their homeland by the leader of the Soviet Union Joseph Stalin during World War II. Most of them were left in Uzbekistan.\nIsmailov was not in Uzbekistan long. \u201cMy family had to flee to Russia because there was a massacre in Uzbekistan of Turks \u2026 in 1989,\u201d he explains. Ismailov was seven.\nBut Russia was no more hospitable. Meskhetian Turks were barred from citizenship, property ownership and jobs.\nWhen the U.S. began accepting Meskhetian Turks as refugees in 2004, the family came to Charlottesville. By then, Ismailov was 22. All he, his parents and his brother brought with them were suitcases of clothes.\n\u2018We felt safe\u2019\nCharlottesville, a small city about 190 kilometers south of Washington DC, is known to welcome refugees. More than 3,000 refugees, including Ismailov, have re-started their lives here since the late 1990s with the help of the resettlement agency, the International Rescue Committee (IRC).\n\"[The IRC] told me it was a nice place, good and \u2018You will like it, so go there,\u2019\u201d says Ismailov. \u201cWe felt free. We felt better than over there. We felt safe.\u201d\nNow married to a fellow refugee, Yasha Ismailov has two children and owns his own home. (J. Soh/VOA)\nWhat followed was hard work.\n\u201cWe were working so hard [the] first three years before we started [the] business. We were working four people, sometimes working double jobs,\u201d he says.\nIsmailov worked as a painter, an air conditioner installer and something he learned in Russia.\n\u201cMy third job was electric,\" he says. \"I love electric stuff.\u201d\nAnd then the family bought the auto repair shop from original owner, Larry.\nHarriet Kuhr, director of IRC\u2019s Charlottesville Office says Charlottesville has jobs and opportunity to offer refugees.\n\u201cIt really adds a lot of diversity, but it also adds economic impact,\" says Kuhr. \"So the refugees are not takers. They're giving back by helping the community grow economically.\u201d\nProud to contribute\nIsmailov\u2019s shop now has seven employees and repairs about 150 cars a month. He has opened another family business called Downtown Auto Sales, a used car dealership.\nIsmailov is a U.S. citizen now and owns his house. He's married to another refugee and has two children. His life in Charlottesville looks very good to him.\n\u201cI have nice neighbors. I have a job. Nobody bothers me,\u201d he says. \u201cI am proud to be able to contribute to the community in Charlottesville.\u201d\nNow he is looking beyond the hard work to the future. His eight-year-old daughter is an accomplished swimmer and he hopes \u201cone day she wins an Olympic medal for the United States.\"\nHe also looks beyond Charlottesville to the large number of refugees around the world who have not been as fortunate as he has.\n\"I am lucky I am here, but they are not,\u201d he says sadly. \u201cI feel sorry about them. I'd like to help them with something if I can.\"\n",
        "caption": "Refugee Yasha Ismailov, 35, owns two business, including an auto repair shop, in Charlottesville, Virginia. (J. Soh/VOA)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B814D73F-0C62-44E4-8AC1-2878693266EE.png",
        "id": "21241_1",
        "answer": [
            "Larry",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "auto repair shop"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_21_3820160",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_21_3820160_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Whose agenda does the person in the right of the image say could be undermined?",
        "context": "At White House, Jordan King to Present Arabs' View on Peace\nJordan's King Abdullah II will be able to deliver an Arab consensus on Mideast peace when he meets with President Donald Trump at the White House on Wednesday, after a recent summit hosted by the monarch renewed an Arab offer of recognition of Israel in exchange for Palestinian statehood.\nCould the revived Arab plan, coupled with Trump's stated eagerness to strike a deal, signal an opening for restarting stalled Israeli-Palestinian talks?\nHere's a look ahead.\nWhat's on the table?\nAt their annual summit last week, Arab leaders renewed an offer they first made to Israel in 2002 - recognition by dozens of Arab and Muslim nations in exchange for allowing the creation of a Palestinian state in the West Bank, Gaza Strip and east Jerusalem. Israel has balked, among other things, at the envisioned scope of withdrawal from the lands it captured in 1967 and unsuccessfully sought to renegotiate the initial proposal.\nWith the summit declaration to back his case, Jordan's king will be able to tell Trump that Arab leaders are serious about achieving what Jordan's foreign minister, Ayman Safadi, described as the \"historic reconciliation between Israel and the whole Arab world.\"\nBut the king will couple the enticing prospect of regional peace with a warning. Jordan argues that the decades-old Israeli-Palestinian conflict remains at the root of regional turmoil and that, if allowed to fester, it will undercut the Trump administration's Mideast goals of containing Iran and defeating Islamic State extremists.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Jordanian King Abdullah II, right, leaves following a meeting at the Jordanian Royal Palace in Amman, Jan. 15, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/399EF248-D2B4-41EA-BB5C-8697120F3AB8.jpg",
        "id": "134_1",
        "answer": [
            "Trump administration",
            "the Trump administration",
            "Trump"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Jordanian King Abdullah II",
            "Jordan"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_04_3795293",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_04_3795293_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Why does the man on the right in the image not want to accept the new leader of his country?",
        "context": "Trump Says Democrats 'Most Angry' That Working Class Voted for Him\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nFive days before his inauguration, U.S. President-elect Donald Trump remained fixated Sunday on how he pulled off last November's stunning upset to win a four-year term in the White House.\nIn a pair of comments on his Twitter account, the Republican Trump said his Democratic opponents \"are most angry that so many\" of the party's faithful, working class voters who supported President Barack Obama in his two successful presidential campaigns, turned against Democrat Hillary Clinton and voted for Trump.\n\"With all of the jobs I am bringing back to our nation, that number will only get higher,\" Trump declared. He added, \"Car companies and others, if they want to do business in our country, have to start making things here again. Win!\"\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;The Democrats are most angry that so many Obama Democrats voted for me. With all of the jobs I am bringing back to our Nation, that number..\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/820631495660408835\\\"\\u0026gt;January 15, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nDuring his 10-week transition to the presidency, Trump has attacked car manufacturers, including Toyota and General Motors, two of the world's largest, for announcing plans to expand their operations in Mexico rather than in the United States. He praised Ford and Fiat-Chrysler for their U.S. expansion plans.\nPost-election polls showed Trump won the election by successfully wooing many blue collar workers in the country's industrial heartland. That gave him an edge in states that helped him win the election in the Electoral College, which determines the outcome of U.S. presidential contests, even as Clinton prevailed over Trump in the national popular vote by nearly three million votes.\nFILE - Donald Trump's supporters watch him speak during a campaign rally in Grand Rapids, Michigan, Oct. 31, 2016.\nIn a later Twitter comment, he held out hope for a unified country as he assumes power.\n\"For many years our country has been divided, angry and untrusting,\" the president-elect said. \"Many say it will never change, the hatred is too deep. IT WILL CHANGE!!!!\"\nUpcoming inauguration\nTrump takes the oath of office as the 45th U.S. president on Friday at noon in Washington, as Obama leaves after eight years as the American leader.\n\"Inauguration Day is turning out to be even bigger than expected,\" Trump claimed in another tweet.\nOn Sunday, military units staged a rehearsal for the quadrennial event. Hundreds of thousands of people, some of them protesters against Trump's victory, are expected to crowd the capital city's National Mall to witness his swearing-in, his inaugural address and his afternoon parade down Pennsylvania Avenue from the Capitol to the White House, his new home.\nOne Army band member, vocalist Greg Lowery, played the role of Trump in the rehearsal, saying he wanted to \"look the part as much as possible\" of the incoming president, even buying a red tie for the occasion, just as Trump often wears.\nSoldiers salute as they march past stand-ins for President-elect Donald Trump, and his wife Melania (L) and Vice President-elect Mike Pence and his wife Karen (R) during a rehearsal for the inauguration on the East Front of the U.S. Capitol in Washington,\nAs Trump assumes power, he faces a country still divided over his election. Already unpopular when he was elected, one poll showed Trump's approval rating on a variety of assessments has dropped even further since the November 8 balloting.\nControversies surrounding the election are still consuming political Washington.\nAssorted controversies\nDebates fill news shows about the U.S. intelligence community's conclusion that Russia meddled in the election through hacking of a key Democrat's computer to try to help Trump win, and a Justice Department watchdog's announcement last week that he would examine the role Federal Bureau of Investigation director James Comey played in his handling of an investigation of Clinton's use of an unsecured private email server while she was secretary of state from 2009 to 2013.\nAt least 18 Democratic lawmakers are saying they will boycott Trump's inauguration.\nCivil rights icon John Lewis said Trump is not a \"legitimate president\" because of the Russian hacking of thousands of emails of Clinton campaign chief John Podesta.\nTrump assailed Lewis in a Twitter comment Saturday, saying he should spend more time working to improve life in his Atlanta, Georgia congressional district, \"rather than falsely complaining about the election results.\"\nFILE - Sen. Cory Session, D-N.J. listens at left as Rep. John Lewis, D-Ga. testifies on Capitol Hill in Washington, Jan. 11, 2017, at the second day of a confirmation hearing for attorney general-designate, Sen. Jeff Sessions, R-Ala..\nVice President-elect Mike Pence on Sunday called Lewis's comments questioning the legitimacy of Trump's election \"deeply disappointing\" and said he hopes Lewis will reconsider them.\nOn Fox News, outgoing Central Intelligence Agency director John Brennan criticized Trump's penchant for \"talking and tweeting,\" saying it was not in U.S. interests.\nBrennan, likely to soon be replaced by CIA director-designate Kansas Congressman Mike Pompeo, said national security issues Trump will face are not \"about him.\"\nBrennan said Trump is \"going to have an opportunity to do something for our national security as opposed to talking and tweeting.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Sen. Cory Session, D-N.J. listens at left as Rep. John Lewis, D-Ga. testifies on Capitol Hill in Washington, Jan. 11, 2017, at the second day of a confirmation hearing for attorney general-designate, Sen. Jeff Sessions, R-Ala..",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/5846467D-618A-4083-86C2-2DC11BB037E5.jpg",
        "id": "33447_4",
        "answer": [
            "because of the Russian hacking of thousands of emails of Clinton campaign chief John Podesta"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "John Lewis"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_15_3677141",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_15_3677141_4"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where did the person whose name is written on the sign in the image work? ",
        "context": "Family of Jailed Eritrean Journalist Renews Calls for His Release\nWhen people from across the globe gather on May 3 to recognize World Press Freedom Day in Jakarta, Indonesia, the recipient of the top prize won\u2019t be there. He will be spending his 16th year in a secret prison in Eritrea.\nThe awardee, Dawit Isaak, is an Eritrean-born Swedish journalist and author who worked at Setit, one of Eritrea\u2019s now-defunct independent newspapers. He was arrested during a government crackdown in September 2001 that shut down newspapers and jailed journalists.\nIsaak has not been seen or heard from for at least a decade, despite repeated requests from his family and the Swedish government.\n\u201cI am happy that he is nominated for this award, but I also feel sad because it would be good if he received this award himself,\u201d said his daughter Betlehem Isaak, who will be accepting the prize on his behalf.\nHis brother, Esayas Isaak, will accompany her to accept the award. He said that their aim is to make sure that Dawit Isaak is given the award himself sometime soon.\nEsayas says he and his niece worry about Dawit's condition. \u201cWe are concerned that we are not aware of his whereabouts and his situation,\u201d he said, speaking to VOA Tigrigna Service.\nIsaak was selected unanimously by an international jury of media professionals to receive the 2017 UNESCO/Guillermo Cano World Press Freedom Prize. The award is named for a Colombian journalist who was assassinated in front of his offices in 1986. The award includes a prize of $25,000.\n\u201cHe [Isaak] represents determination, courage. He is also a figure of democracy and freedom of expression and I think he is really someone who has given his life for his values, universal values, that are freedom of expression and democracy,\u201d said Sylvie Coudray of UNESCO.\nIsaak and other arrested journalists have never been formally tried or charged. Eritrean President Isayas Afwerki has been asked about Isaak\u2019s status multiple times and has referred to him obliquely as an agent of foreign powers and the CIA.\nNever tried or released \nIn a 2009 interview he claimed not to know where Isaak was being held, but said the journalist will never be tried or released.\nDespite the lack of information, friends and advocates hold out hope that Isaak remains alive. In 2016, Eritrean Foreign Affairs Minister Osman Saleh said he was still living, and a prisoner released about a year ago said he had seen Isaak during his 13 years in various Eritrean jails, although he added, \"We didn\u2019t see much of him since 2007.\"\nMartin Schibbye, a Swedish journalist who was imprisoned in Ethiopia, was allowed to visit Eritrea with a press visa last year. He tried unsuccessfully to get information about Isaak\u2019s location and health.\n\u201cI think until we are presented with a body, we have to assume that he's alive,\u201d he said. \u201cThere are examples of people who spend decades in prison, and when you're in prison and you know why you are there, that gives you a certain strength and energy to survive even the most terrible difficult conditions.\u201d\nAaron Berhane, a former colleague of Isaak who now resides in Canada, said the award sends a message to the Eritrean government that Isaak and other imprisoned journalists will not be forgotten.\n\u201cIt is a slap in the face to the regime in Eritrea because the regime thinks that it has stifled freedom of the press by imprisoning the journalists physically. But this is a reminder that their spirit and influence is spreading globally and for that I am extremely happy and proud,\u201d he told VOA\u2019s Tigrigna Service.\n",
        "caption": "Protesters demand freedom for journalist Dawit Isaak who is believed to be jailed in Eritrea.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/AD1B7427-BCC1-4E7C-99D1-D61F230E23B6.jpg",
        "id": "26933_1",
        "answer": [
            "Setit, one of Eritrea\u2019s now-defunct independent newspapers"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Dawit Isaak"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_27_3828240",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_27_3828240_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the people in the image get into?",
        "context": "3 Arrested After Pro-Trump, Anti-Trump Protesters Clash\nPHILADELPHIA \u2014\u00a0\nPolice say a fight broke out between protesters after marches for and against President Donald Trump, leading to three arrests in Philadelphia.\nAbout 150 \"Impeach Trump\"' members and 50 pro-Trump members held separate marches Sunday morning.\nPolice say a group of Trump supporters tried to enter a bar in the city after the march when they were confronted by anti-Trump demonstrators. A fight broke out, during which a pro-Trump protester and a police officer were assaulted.\nTwo anti-Trump demonstrators were charged with assaulting the Trump supporter. Police say the Trump supporter suffered a minor mouth injury. A third person was charged with assaulting the police officer, and a fourth person was issued a citation.\n",
        "caption": "Protesters rally outside a Trump hotel to call for the impeachment of President Trump, Sunday July 2, 2017, in New York. A statement from the organizer's website said President Trump \"has been in blatant violation of the Constitution\" and that the House o",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/7921D5D9-F733-4C55-A42F-CB9148A02218.jpg",
        "id": "26802_1",
        "answer": [
            "a fight"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "protesters"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_03_3926027",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_03_3926027_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Why is the person in the image receiving the immunization?",
        "context": "Rare Strain of Polio Worries Pakistan, Global Community\nQUETTA, PAKISTAN \u2014\u00a0\nDetection of a rare strain of polio in Pakistan\u2019s southwestern Baluchistan province has alarmed authorities and prompted them to launch special immunization campaigns for children younger than 5.\nAfter concluding a five-day response campaign across the provincial capital of Quetta earlier this month, health officials said they plan to give anti-polio drops starting January 16 to millions of children across 27 districts of the province, including those near the Afghan border.\nThe new, intensified immunization effort follows detection of the rare Type 2 strain of polio, which the World Health Organization found in sewage samples in one of the districts in the province.\nPakistan, Afghanistan and Nigeria are the only three countries in the world where the crippling virus is still active.\nRemarkable progress\nDespite security challenges and administrative weaknesses in national immunization efforts, Pakistan\u2019s anti-polio fight achieved remarkable progress in 2015 when the country of about 200 million reported only 19 cases, down from a record of 309 cases in 2014.\nAftab Kakar of the provincial emergency operation center in Quetta says that Type 2 polio struck about 15 children three years ago in the Killa Abdullah district toward the Afghan border. \nBut routine immunization campaigns coupled with special response efforts at the time stopped the transmission of the virus until WHO\u2019s findings released a couple of weeks ago confirmed its re-emergence in Baluchistan, where only one polio case was reported in 2016, Kakar said.\n\u201cThe international community has shown its concern over the detection of this (Type 2) virus in Pakistan because the rest of the world has eliminated it and reported no new cases for years,\u201d he noted.\nBalochistan province, Pakistan\nType 2 virus\nPakistan stopped vaccinating children against the Type 2 polio during routine immunization campaigns since last April, believing the strain had been successfully eliminated from the country as in the rest of the world, Kakar said.\n\u201cNow, our major concern and fear is that the group of children who were born after April 2016 are not immunized against Type 2 poliovirus. That group is now vulnerable and is in danger of contracting the virus,\u201d he warned.\nOn Wednesday, provincial health officials reported the first polio case of the new year in Killa Abdullah, but the strain of the virus was not known immediately.\nBorder campaign\nBaluchistan shares a nearly 1,200-kilometer border with Afghanistan and as many as 20,000 people move across the main Chaman border crossing everyday, where special vaccinating teams are deployed to ensure children moving in both directions are given anti-polio drops.\nCol. Changez Zeb, in charge of Pakistani border forces, explained the anti-polio operation to VOA during a visit to the busy crossing point.\n\u201cThis is the sign of the polio vaccination,\u201d he said while pointing to the inked fingers of three young Afghan children driven in an improvised cart by their parents after receiving the medicine. \u201cThe polio team has given them the vaccination while entering and while exiting from Pakistan. They have three to four teams here. If one of them misses (the children) the other one catches them.\u201d\nPakistani authorities insist that successes against polio is the outcome of national immunization efforts coupled with recruiting hundreds of thousands of influential Muslim clerics to persuade parents in remote, relatively conservative districts who used to resist the vaccination drops for their children because of religious beliefs or suspicions it would hurt fertility.\nThe refusals and militant threats to vaccinating teams undermined anti-polio drives in recent years. But Kakar says that refusals have lately dropped from thousands to hundreds, while improved security in Baluchistan has also played a key role in conducting effective immunization campaigns.\nExtremist groups view anti-polio campaigns as a cover for Western spies, prompting deadly attacks on vaccinators during immunization campaigns across Pakistan. A bomb explosion in January 2016 killed 15 people outside a vaccination center in Quetta. The anti-state Pakistani Taliban claimed responsibility for the bloodshed.\nOpposition is also blamed on a fake CIA-sponsored immunization campaign that led to the famous May 2011 covert American military raid against fugitive al-Qaida leader Osama bin Laden in the Pakistani town of Abbottabad, killing the world\u2019s most wanted man.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A Pakistani health worker gives a polio vaccine to a child in Karachi, Pakistan, Dec. 1, 2016. Polio remains endemic in Pakistan after the Taliban banned vaccinations, instigated attacks targeting medical staffers and spread suspicions about the vaccine.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/00DC0CB5-3FA7-4070-B158-142A92DF3490.jpg",
        "id": "6175_1",
        "answer": [
            "A child in Karachi, Pakistan ",
            "Detection of a rare strain of polio"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "children",
            "Detection of a rare strain of polio in Pakistan\u2019s southwestern Baluchistan province has alarmed authorities and prompted them to launch special immunization campaigns for children younger than 5. "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_12_3673227",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_12_3673227_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the people in the image do?",
        "context": "City Removes 2nd of 4 Confederate Statues in New Orleans\nNEW ORLEANS \u2014\u00a0\nWorkers Thursday morning removed the statue of Confederate President Jefferson Davis in New Orleans, the second of four Confederate monuments slated for removal in a contentious, months-long process that has sparked protests on both sides.\nAs the statue was lifted from its perch on a grassy median along one of the city's main thoroughfares, a cheer went up from some of the dozens of protesters on the scene who have been pushing for the monument's removal. It was then lowered behind trucks encircled around the monument's base and out of view of media gathered on the scene.\nRemoval of the statue \u2014 a larger-than-life image of Davis atop an ornate granite pedestal roughly 15-feet high \u2014 follows recent protests at the site by supporters and opponents of the monuments. City officials had refused to give advance public notice of the work because of threats of violence against contractors and workers involved in the effort. The statue was first unveiled in 1911.\nDozens of protesters both supporting the monuments and calling for their removal stayed up overnight to watch the proceedings which happened in early-morning darkness. The demonstrators were separated by metal barriers set up by the police and heckled each other from opposite sides of the barricade. About fifty police officers encircled the monument and kept watch on the protesters.\nAs preparation for removing the Davis statue, workers had wrapped the torso in a green wrapping and then placed a harness attached to a crane around the statue.\nNew Orleans Mayor Mitch Landrieu, who first urged the City Council to remove the monuments in 2015, praised the effort in a news release.\n\"These monuments have stood not as historic or educational markers of our legacy of slavery and segregation, but in celebration of it. I believe we must remember all of our history, but we need not revere it. To literally put the Confederacy on a pedestal in some of our most prominent public places is not only an inaccurate reflection of our past, it is an affront to our present, and a bad prescription for our future. We should not be afraid to confront and reconcile our past.\"\nFILE - Workers dismantle the Liberty Place monument April 24, 2017, which commemorates whites who tried to topple a biracial post-Civil War government, in New Orleans.\nLate last month, the first structure \u2014 a 35-foot-tall granite obelisk known as the Liberty Place monument \u2014 was removed by masked workers under cover of darkness. The obelisk was a tribute to whites who battled a biracial Reconstruction government installed in New Orleans after the Civil War.\nAlso slated for removal are a bronze statue of Confederate Gen. P.G.T Beauregard on horseback, completed in 1915, which sits atop a stone platform at the entrance to the city's largest park and museum of art; and a statue of Gen. Robert E. Lee. The Lee statue is the most prominent of the four. Unveiled in 1884, the likeness of Lee stands atop a 60-foot-tall column in the center of a traffic circle on historic St. Charles Avenue. Monument supporters say each of the statues weighs tons and they feared moving the aging icons could result in significant damage.\nThe council voted to remove the monuments in 2015 \u2014 part of the national response after nine black parishioners were shot to death by an avowed racist at a church in Charleston, South Carolina, earlier that year. But the process of removing the statues was tied up for months in a court battle.\nNew Orleans is a predominantly black city of nearly 390,000. The statues were erected well before the civil rights era that brought African-Americans to political power. The City Council, now majority black, voted 6-1 to take the monuments down.\nLandrieu, a white Democrat, was elected in 2010 and re-elected four years late with strong biracial support.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Workers dismantle the Liberty Place monument April 24, 2017, which commemorates whites who tried to topple a biracial post-Civil War government, in New Orleans.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/5D9002EE-84AA-4D96-8017-1AB0599E59A1.jpg",
        "id": "19033_2",
        "answer": [
            "removed the statue of Confederate President Jefferson Davis in New Orleans"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Workers"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_11_3847599",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_11_3847599_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the name of the act the person whose face is displayed in the image is trying to pass?",
        "context": "Britain\u2019s Election Muddles Brexit Even More\nLONDON \u2014\u00a0\nThe Great British public has spoken. But as journalist Ian Hislop quipped Friday on a television comedy show, \u201cno one knows what they said.\u201d\nHardly had the votes been counted in Britain\u2019s indecisive election, in which no party got an outright parliamentary majority, than politicians took to airwaves and tapped away on Twitter to spin what the result meant.\nAnd crucially they debated whether the voters had rejected Brexit \u2014 or at least Prime Minister Theresa May\u2019s hard version of a break with the European Union, which would see Britain not only relinquish EU membership but leave the single market and the bloc\u2019s customs union.\nBritain's Prime Minister Theresa May waits for the result of the vote in her constituency at the count center for the general election in Maidenhead, June 9, 2017.\nImpact on Brexit talks\nBrexit talks with EU negotiators are scheduled to begin in 10 days. EU officials have warned talks shouldn\u2019t be delayed and have expressed their fear that with the government weakened by the election result the talks could become even more complicated.\n\u201cThis election is a rejection of May and hard Brexit,\u201d tweeted Alastair Campbell, a onetime adviser to former Labour Prime Minister Tony Blair. \u201cThe mandate Theresa May sought for her extreme version of Brexit has been rejected,\u201d Liberal Democrat leader Tim Farron told cheering supporters in a speech Friday.\nJohn Redwood, a senior Conservative, disputes the claim, arguing the result did not mean there should be any softening in a hard divorce from Europe, noting that Labour, the second largest party, also endorsed Brexit in its election manifesto. \u201cI think [Theresa May] set out a very good case on what we now need to do immediately on Brexit and I think it makes a lot of sense because the country by a very overwhelming majority voted for the two main parties that both want to complete Brexit,\u201d he said.\nHe argued if voters had wanted to reverse the result of last June\u2019s Brexit referendum, they would have voted for Liberal Democrat, who called for a second referendum. \u201cThe public said no thanks, we don\u2019t want a second referendum on Europe, we don\u2019t want to stay in Europe, we want you to do a good deal.\u201d The Liberal Democrats won 12 seats in the election.\nBut Redwood\u2019s argument strikes some as disingenuous. May focused her campaign on the break with Europe, saying she had called the snap election to seek a mandate for her hard Brexit plan. The voters didn\u2019t give it to her \u2014 almost 60 percent of those who voted Thursday rejected the Conservatives.\nWith May severely weakened and forced to govern as head of a minority government, Britain\u2019s position on Brexit has suddenly become much murkier, and it isn't clear the embattled Prime Minister has the political strength, let alone the public backing, to force through her original hard Brexit vision.\nSofter Brexit\nPublic sentiment would appear from the election result to favor a much softer Brexit, argue analysts.\nWhile Labour endorsed in its manifesto a break with Europe and even leaving the Single Market, a position it adopted to help cut immigration numbers, the party\u2019s leaders left considerable wiggle room and talked about renegotiating the rules of Single Market membership to allow some curtailing of Europeans migrating to Britain.\nJeremy Corbyn, leader of Britain's opposition Labour Party, arrives at the Labour Party's Headquarters in London, June 9, 2017.\nLabour\u2019s dramatically improved performance in the election was due in large part to a surge in young voters backing it, many of whom voted for the party partly because they saw it as the best vehicle to soften Brexit and derail May\u2019s plan for a sharp break with the EU. In pro-EU London, the Tories suffered a tremendous electoral reversal and weren\u2019t able to challenge Labour in marginal seats.\nWithout doubt voters rejected a hard Brexit, argues Ian Dunt, the editor of the news-site politics.co.uk. \u201cThe turnout was higher in Remain areas. The swell in Labour support in the cities plainly had some connection to Brexit. And youth turnout was key. Young people voted hard for Remain,\u201d he argued.\nAside from what the voters Thursday meant when it came Brexit, May also has a more immediate challenge facing her when it comes to a hard Brexit. A diminished May, who is already facing calls to resign, has less parliamentary room for maneuver within her own party. Those Conservative lawmakers, such as Ruth Davidson, the leader of the Scottish Conservatives, a rising political star, who favor a softer Brexit will have to be placated.\nFILE - The passage of the Brexit Article 50 bill, shown in front of the Houses of Parliament in London, Jan. 26, 2017, starts Great Britain's process of leaving the European Union.\nDavidson on Friday quickly made it clear that May needs to heed the voice of the soft Brexiters, urging her to adopt a \u201cconsensual\u201d approach.\nAt the same time, May has to be wary of the hard Brexiters in the party. In a sign that May understands the danger of slamming the door on either wing, she has let her two top aides go, accepting the resignations Saturday of Nick Timothy and Fiona Hill, who have been inseparable from her the past 10 years. The pair were known as \u201cMay\u2019s Rottweilers.\u201d Both wings of the party blame them for the election debacle.\nFurther, May will rely for a working majority in the House of Commons on ten pro-Brexit lawmakers from Northern Ireland\u2019s Democratic Unionist Party. But they, too, advocate a soft Brexit, partly in order to keep the border with the Republic of Ireland open to facilitate free trade between the two parts of the island of Ireland.\nAgreeing a position with the DUP is going to be \u201cvery difficult for May,\u201d argues Bronwen Maddox, the director of the Institute for Government, a think tank.\n",
        "caption": "Newspapers fronted with photos of British Prime Minister Theresa May and others are displayed at a shop in Westminster in London, June 10, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B4978F8D-3182-4AA4-9F5E-39208D3ECD47.jpg",
        "id": "108_1",
        "answer": [
            "Brexit"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Theresa May"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_10_3894888",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_10_3894888_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who is opposed to the person in the image?",
        "context": "Report: Two Democrats Will Vote to Confirm Supreme Court Nominee\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nTwo Democrats facing tough re-elections in GOP states said Thursday they will vote for President Donald Trump\u2019s Supreme Court nominee, even as the Senate Democratic leader strongly warned Republicans against changing Senate rules to confirm Judge Neil Gorsuch.\nMinority Leader Chuck Schumer of New York had tough words for his Republican counterpart, Majority Leader Mitch McConnell of Kentucky, in an interview with The Associated Press.\n\u201cHe\u2019s bound and determined to change the rules and trample on Senate tradition\u201d in order to get a conservative justice approved, Schumer said of McConnell. \u201cLet the public judge whether that is a good thing.\u201d\nSenate Minority Leader Charles Schumer of N.Y., speaks with reporters following a closed-door strategy session, March 28, 2017, on Capitol Hill in Washington.\nSchumer spoke shortly after Sens. Joe Manchin of West Virginia and Heidi Heitkamp of North Dakota became the first Democrats to announce their support for Gorsuch, a Denver-based appellate judge. They join all 52 Senate Republicans, who argue Gorsuch is impeccably qualified to join the high court and accuse Democrats, and Schumer in particular, of playing politics by opposing him.\nThe Senate confirmation vote is expected late next week. Unless 60 senators support Gorsuch, which would require six more Democrats to join Heitkamp and Manchin, Republicans would have to unilaterally change Senate rules to allow Gorsuch to be confirmed with a simple majority vote in the 100-member Senate.\nThat scenario is looking increasingly inevitable, even though it is known on Capitol Hill as the \u201cnuclear option\u201d because it would amount to a dramatic departure from Senate norms of bipartisanship and collegiality. Although McConnell has yet to formally announce plans to take the step, Republican senators fully expect it and are prepared if regretful.\nSchumer conducted back-to-back interviews with several major news outlets Thursday to argue that it will be the fault of Republicans, not Democrats, if the rules change happens.\n\u201cSenate Republicans are acting like if Gorsuch doesn\u2019t get 60 votes they have no choice but to change the rules,\u201d Schumer said. \u201cThat is bunk.\u201d He claimed that Trump should produce a more mainstream nominee, instead.\nAs for Manchin and Heitkamp, Schumer said: \u201cI\u2019ve made my arguments to every member, including them, and each member is going to make his or her own decision.\u201d\nIn all, 34 Democrats and counting have said they will oppose Gorsuch.\n",
        "caption": "Supreme Court Justice nominee Neil Gorsuch testifies on Capitol Hill in Washington, March 22, 2017, during his confirmation hearing before the Senate Judiciary Committee. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/A279449B-3955-40B9-9164-8924E285E005.jpg",
        "id": "1450_1",
        "answer": [
            "34 Democrats"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Gorsuch"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_31_3790509",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_31_3790509_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where would the thing the people in the image are protesting be seen?",
        "context": "Macedonian Political Crisis Could Drag On for Years, Party Leader Warns\nTETOVO, MACEDONIA \u2014\u00a0\nA leader of an ethnic Albanian party in Macedonia said the political crisis in the country could drag on for years and could be used by some politicians to ignite an ethnic conflict.\nThe president has refused to back a coalition of the Social Democrats and ethnic Albanian parties after an election in December, arguing its pledge to allow wider official use of the Albanian language amounted to foreign interference in Macedonia's affairs.\nTheir coalition agreement triggered street protests in several cities in which nationalists marched and waved Macedonian flags. Ethnic Albanians make a third of the population in the former Yugoslav republic.\n\"This is a political crisis and should be resolved with political means and not be made an inter-ethnic problem for the gains of some political parties,\" Ali Ahmeti, leader of the Democratic Union for Integration (DUI), told Reuters late Tuesday.\nThe head of Democratic Union for Integration, Ali Ahmeti, speaks during an interview for Reuters in Tetovo, Macedonia, March 7, 2017.\nAhmeti said the deadlock could continue for \"up to four years,\" when the next election is due.\nThe constitution is not clear on what happens if the president refuses to give mandate to a party, nor does it give a deadline for forming the government.\nAhmeti's DUI, the biggest ethnic Albanian party in parliament, emerged as kingmaker following the Dec. 11 poll after neither of the two biggest parties \u2014 the nationalist VMRO-DPMNR and the Social Democrats \u2014 won enough votes to form the government themselves.\nThe DUI, which had been in coalition with VMRO-DPMNE for eight years from 2008 until 2016, announced it would support the Social Democrats led by Zoran Zaev.\nAhmeti, a former guerrilla commander, said that according to the coalition deal, Albanian would be used in state institutions and on banknotes. He also said the parties had agreed to elect an ethnic Albanian as speaker of parliament for the first time since the Balkan state seceded from former Yugoslavia in 1991.\nMacedonia's relations with its Albania minority have long been difficult. It reached the brink of civil war during an ethnic Albanian insurgency in 2001 before EU and other diplomacy defused the situation.\nThe EU's foreign policy chief, Federica Mogherini, last week asked the president, who is close to the VMRO-DPMNE, to reverse his decision and urged political leaders to step back from a dispute that risked sparking conflict.\n",
        "caption": "Protesters shout slogans during demonstrations against an agreement that would ensure the wider official use of the Albanian language, in Skopje, Macedonia, March 6, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/29CE4F97-7728-47C3-973B-11A6004C5B50.jpg",
        "id": "3888_1",
        "answer": [
            "in state institutions and on banknotes",
            "state institutions and on banknotes"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Albanian"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_08_3755959",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_08_3755959_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is responsible for infringing upon followers of the religion of the people in the image?",
        "context": "UN Rights Expert Criticizes Myanmar Over Rohingya Crackdown\nYANGON \u2014\u00a0\nA United Nations human rights investigator on Friday criticized Myanmar's crackdown on the Rohingya Muslim minority and urged the military to respect the law and human rights.\nAuthorities say the military launched a security sweep in response to what they say was an attack in October by Rohingya insurgents on border posts near Myanmar's border with Bangladesh in which nine police officers were killed.\nSince then, at least 86 people have been killed and the United Nations says at least 65,000 Rohingya have fled to Bangladesh.\nAccusations denied\nResidents and refugees accuse the military of killing, raping and detaining civilians while burning villages in northwestern Rakhine State.\nThe government, led by Nobel Peace Prize winner Aung San Suu Kyi, denies the accusations and insists a lawful counter-insurgency operation is underway.\n\u201cIt would be particularly important for the security forces to always act within the parameters of the rule of law and in compliance with human rights,\u201d Yanghee Lee, the U.N. Special Rapporteur on Human Rights in Myanmar, said at the end of a visit to the country.\nClaims 'quite incredible'\nLee said she found government claims that the Rohingya have burned their own houses \u201cquite incredible\u201d and suggested that recent footage of police beating Rohingya villagers could be \u201cnot an isolated incident, but a more common practice.\u201d\nSuu Kyi, a former political prisoner and champion of democracy in then military-ruled Myanmar, came to power last April after a landslide election win, installing her confidant, Htin Kyaw, as president.\nHowever, violence in border regions has raised questions about her commitment to human rights and ability to rein in the military, which retains a major political role.\nRohingya Muslim refugees shout slogans during a protest against what organizers say is the crackdown on ethnic Rohingyas in Myanmar, in New Delhi, India, Dec. 19, 2016.\nNo journalists allowed\nSuu Kyi's government has restricted aid to northern Rakhine, where most people are Rohingya Muslims denied citizenship in Myanmar, and prevented independent journalists from visiting.\nLee said the attacks on border posts happened within the \u201ccontext of decades of systematic and institutionalized discrimination against\u201d the Muslim minority.\n\u201cDesperate individuals take desperate actions,\u201d said Lee.\nShe said that if the affected population had felt the new government would address their problems, then militants would not be able to \u201chijack their cause.\u201d\nUN official visits Yangon\nLee visited the north of Rakhine, where the military operation is taking place, the commercial hub Yangon, the capital Naypyitaw and Kachin State in the north, where government forces are battling ethnic Kachin guerrillas.\nIn Rakhine, Lee visited four villages and a prison where the government has detained about 450 people suspected of aiding the October attacks without legal representation, contact with families or explanation of the charges.\n\u201cMany families are unaware and uninformed of this detention, fearing that they will never see their loved ones again,\u201d Lee said.\n",
        "caption": "Rohingya Muslim refugees shout slogans during a protest against what organizers say is the crackdown on ethnic Rohingyas in Myanmar, in New Delhi, India, Dec. 19, 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/0BDF6538-BA3A-4502-A81A-37EF8D5C7C0F.jpg",
        "id": "29287_2",
        "answer": [
            "decades of systematic and institutionalized discrimination"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Muslim"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_20_3685292",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_20_3685292_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What violent thing did people like those in the image do?",
        "context": "Across South Africa, Thousands Hold Rival Protests Over Unpopular President \nJOHANNESBURG \u2014\u00a0\nThousands of protesters marched throughout South Africa on Friday, with people of all backgrounds and colors gathering at multiple locations throughout the Rainbow Nation to demand President Jacob Zuma's resignation.\nAuthorities said Friday afternoon that most gatherings had been peaceful and orderly, although local news stations reported that police fired rubber bullets at a group of Zuma supporters in central Johannesburg. In Polokwane, a city that is a stronghold of the ruling African National Congress, dozens of angry protesters set fire to tires.\nMost of the planned events unfolded peacefully. In central Johannesburg, blue-clad supporters of the opposition Democratic Alliance shuffled slowly through the streets, yelling, \"Zuma must go.\" That party has called for a no-confidence vote in parliament, scheduled for April 18. In other Johannesburg neighborhoods, the protests took on a convivial air as residents brought pets, children and babies to small street-corner gatherings with dozens of attendees.\nProtesters gather in the tiny seaside town of St. Francis Bay to demand the resignation of South African President Jacob Zuma, April 7, 2017. (Photo courtesy of Jennifer Janin)\nIn Cape Town, Archbishop Desmond Tutu lent his influential and increasingly critical voice to an anti-Zuma march as protesters waved flags and formed a human chain outside of parliament. And in the tiny seaside hamlet of St. Francis Bay, hundreds gathered to pray ahead of a peaceful march.\nThe increasingly unpopular president has already earned many critics for a raft of long-simmering corruption scandals, but his decision last week to fire a well-respected finance minister and reshuffle his Cabinet prompted those critics to call for protests and a nationwide shutdown Friday. The controversial political moves also sent the currency tumbling and prompted a major ratings agency to downgrade South Africa to \"junk\" status.\nIn Johannesburg, 46-year-old property manager Kenny Davids took the day off to voice his displeasure with the president. Davids, who is black, says he was once loyal to the party of Nelson Mandela, South Africa's first black president. He dismissed ANC supporters' arguments that to turn against the party is a form of racism.\n\"It's not about race; it's about the country now,\" he said. \"The ANC liberated us, but they can't lead us now. It's not about, 'now we must be stuck with the ANC when they're doing wrong.' No, we can't.\"\nProtesters of President Jacob Zuma gather across Johannesburg, the economic capital of South Africa, April 7, 2017. (Photo courtesy of Zaheer Cassim)\nOutside African National Congress headquarters in central Johannesburg, thousands of Zuma supporters gathered to stand by their man. Hundreds donned the camouflage uniform of the ANC's now-defunct military wing and stood at attention around the building, preparing, they said, to defend against an attack.\nIn a nearby square, college student Patricia Molutsi, who wore an image of Zuma's face on her shirt, says she took an overnight bus from the city of Bloemfontein to show her support. Molutsi, 23, was born after the end of apartheid, but says she feels it's important to protect the gains made by the anti-apartheid movement.\nA shirt displaying support for the ruling African National Congress is shown at a demonstration in Johannesburg, the economic capital of South Africa, April 7, 2017. (Photo courtesy of Zaheer Cassim)\n\"I came all the way here to fight for what my late brothers and sisters fought for,\" she said. \"Zuma is not the best president ever, but yet again I say, people do make mistakes, and who am I to judge? Where do we get power? If we let him go right now, we are going to have struggle again to start from the bottom to get the power. So, I basically came here to fight for what my brothers and sisters died for.\"\nThe protests also drew out South Africans who, until now, have remained politically silent. At 7 a.m. on this gray Friday, 32-year-old corporate worker Jenny Min sat in her car and carefully stenciled over a cardboard sign which read, \"Zuma: do the right thing! Say your goodbyes!\"\n\"I think with what's recently happening, it's just come to a point where, enough is enough,\" she said.\nProtesters of President Jacob Zuma gather across Johannesburg, the economic capital of South Africa, April 7, 2017. (Photo courtesy of Zaheer Cassim)\nOther South Africans said they chose to stay out of the fray. Neonatal nurse Aubrey Mahlewele, 35, says he opposes Zuma, but stays away from protests as he opposes how they sometimes turn violent.\nMahlewele says he longs for Mandela's ANC.\n\"They knew how to do things at that time,\" he said with a sigh. \"This is not the same ANC that we know now, compared to the ANC that we knew before.\"\nJennifer Janin in St. Francis Bay and Zaheer Cassim in Johannesburg contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "Protesters of President Jacob Zuma gather across Johannesburg, the economic capital of South Africa, April 7, 2017. (Photo courtesy of Zaheer Cassim)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/3BCE6315-6BC8-4AFB-ABF6-C9E8FB551079.png",
        "id": "8995_4",
        "answer": [
            "fired rubber bullets at a group of Zuma supporters",
            "set fire to tires"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Protesters",
            "protesters"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_07_3800823",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_07_3800823_4"
    },
    {
        "question": "What are the people in the image trying to do?",
        "context": "US-backed Iraqi Forces Take Control of Mosul Airport, Enter City\nIraq military officials say their U.S.-backed forces have retaken the airport in Mosul that had been controlled by the extremist Islamic State group since 2014.\nIn a flash on its screen, state television declared, \u201cThe Rapid Response Forces and federal police are fully in control of the airport of Mosul.\u201d\nOfficials said Friday the military has also now retaken a sprawling military base next to the airport, and have entered a Mosul neighborhood for the first time in months.\nIraqi forces launched a new bid to retake the western areas of Iraq\u2019s second-largest city on Sunday after saying in late January they had liberated eastern parts of the city.\nIraqi Lieutenant General Raid Shakir Jaudat said Baghdad's forces, backed by drones and heavy artillery, had advanced on the airport from several positions. At first, accounts of the airport takeover said there was little Islamic State resistance, but later there were reports of Iraqi firefights with militants encamped in airport buildings.\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nIS Flees Mosul Airport\nShare this video\n0:00:43\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:43\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 2.0MB\n360p | 3.3MB\n720p | 18.6MB\nOne Iraqi special forces officer reported IS fighters had targeted Baghdad's fighters with a suicide car bomb and dozens of bombs dropped from drones. The officer said there were at least a dozen casualties, although many were light injuries.\n\"Daesh [IS] resistance is not inconsiderable, but they are trying to save their strength for inside the city,\" First Lieutenant Ahmed al-Ghalabi of the Rapid Response Forces said outside the airport's main entrance.\nAn Iraqi takeover of the airport would give its troops access to the city from the southwest and for the first time control of an area along the west bank of the Tigris River.\nAnother commander, Hisham Abdul Kadhem, said, \"Right now, thank God, we're inside Mosul airport and in front of its terminal. Our troops are liberating it.\"\nIraqi security officers place a suspected Islamic State group member into the back of a waiting pickup truck, in east Mosul, Feb. 21, 2017.\nLittle was left inside the airport, and what was once a runway was littered with dirt and debris. IS forces had leveled other buildings in the airport complex.\nThe Iraqi forces also seized an IS weapons storage warehouse, as well its onetime headquarters and barracks.\nBut the advance to retake the remainder of western Mosul may take some time. It took three months for Iraqi forces to seize control of the eastern part of the city. \nInternational relations professor Houchang Hassan-Yari of the Royal Military College of Canada told VOA's Persian service that the concentration of civilians in western Mosul would make it harder for Iraqi government forces and their coalition allies to retake that part of the city.\n\"Comparing this situation to the recent battle for the Syrian city of Aleppo, Syrian government forces and their Russian allies directly attacked civilians [as they retook the city last November and December],\" said Hassan-Yari on VOA Persian's NewsHour program. \"In Mosul, Iraqi government forces and their U.S.-led coalition partners have significantly restricted themselves in terms of the firepower they are using, in order to save the lives of civilians.\"\nDamascus and Moscow have denied targeting civilians in Aleppo.\nU.S. on front lines\nU.S. forces have played a key role in the advance of Baghdad's troops, launching airstrikes and providing advisers on the ground. On Thursday, U.S. forces were seen on the front lines of the attack.\nIraqi security forces search a civilian in the city of Mosul. Security forces search the liberated eastern part of the city for suspected Islamic State group members still living in the town, Feb. 21, 2017.\nThe American forces are not supposed to be engaged in the fighting under Washington's terms of the U.S. involvement in Iraq. But a coalition spokesman, Air Force Colonel John Dorrian, said Wednesday that in recent weeks they have gotten so close to the front that they have come under attack near Mosul and returned fire.\nThousands of Iraqi forces have been involved in the advance on Mosul, while U.S. officials say they think that only about 2,000 jihadists remain in the city. But the fight for control of densely populated western Mosul is likely to be fierce. It includes the Old City and its narrow streets, which are impassable for some military vehicles.\nResidents of western Mosul report that food supplies are dwindling, but residents on the liberated eastern side of the city are expressing their support.\nIn Photos:\nUS-backed Iraqi Forces Retake Mosul Airport\nOn Wednesday, an army plane dropped thousands of letters from residents of the retaken eastern side into the western area.\nOne letter said, \"Be patient and help each other ... the end of injustice is near.\" It was signed \"People from the east side.\"\nEarlier this week, U.S. Defense Secretary Jim Mattis visited Iraq and vowed that the U.S. would support Iraq in its fight against IS jihadists.\nWhen asked whether the United States would stay in Iraq after the battle for Mosul had ended, he said, \"I imagine we'll be in this fight for a while and we'll stand by each other.\"\nThere are an estimated 750,000 civilians in western Mosul, essentially under siege by Iraqi forces, along with IS fighters.\nMany of those civilians in western Mosul were forced out of the eastern part of the city during heavy fighting there last month.\nMeanwhile, aid agencies are worried and preparing for the possibility that up to 250,000 people might flee Mosul in the coming days or weeks.\nThe U.N. refugee agency has said it is focusing its efforts on building new camps to house the displaced. The U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees has completed eight camps and says it is planning to start work at another site south of Mosul.\nParisa Farhadi and Sara Dehghan of the VOA Persian service contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "Iraqi special forces prepare to battle Islamic State militants for control of the airport in Mosul, Iraq, Feb. 23, 2017. (K. Omar/VOA)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/4F269E3C-94E2-432D-A2A4-DCCD3156F466.jpg",
        "id": "15197_1",
        "answer": [
            "retake the western areas of Iraq\u2019s second-largest city",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "forces",
            "Iraqi special forces"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_23_3736556",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_23_3736556_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in the image with the red tie recommend?",
        "context": "US Policy Toward North Korea: More Pressure or Dialogue?\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nWhile the Trump administration is exploring strategies to thwart North Korea\u2019s nuclear ambitions, former U.S. officials who dealt with the communist state extensively offer mixed views on how to achieve that goal.\nEarlier this week, Pyongyang launched four ballistic missiles in an apparent protest against U.S.-South Korea joint military exercises, prompting Beijing to intervene. Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi proposed Wednesday to halt the military drills in exchange for North Korea freezing nuclear and missile programs, a proposition that has been rejected by the United States and South Korea.\nSpeaking to reporters after attending a U.N. Security Council meeting over the launches, U.S. ambassador to the United Nations, Nikki Haley, said the regime must take \u201cpositive action\u201d before it can be taken seriously. She made her remarks a week before U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson is scheduled to make his first trip to Asia, where North Korea is likely to top his agenda.\nSkepticism about North Korea\u2019s intention\nAlthough former U.S. nuclear envoys who participated in direct talks with the North appear to agree that dialogue with North Korea may not be possible in the near future, they differ on whether the U.S. should pursue negotiations as part of its long-term policy.\nFILE - Former U.S. Ambassador to Iraq Christopher Hill speaks in Washington, Aug. 8, 2010.\nChristopher Hill, who served as the head of the U.S. delegation to the six-party talks, which stalled in 2008 during the George W. Bush administration, raised doubts about the regime\u2019s willingness to discuss denuclearization.\n\u201cI\u2019m very pessimistic about talks, but I think we should leave the door open to talks,\u201d Hill said during an interview with VOA Wednesday.\n\u201cNorth Korea indicates no interest in doing away with its nuclear weapons. On the contrary, their interest is in enhancing their nuclear arsenals,\u201d added the former envoy, now the dean of Josef Korbel School of International Studies at the University of Denver.\nHill stressed that any future talks with North Korea must be based on what the country has already agreed to, referring to a nuclear deal in 2005 in which Pyongyang promised to give up its nuclear weapons programs. The envoy called for U.S. efforts to strengthen relations with regional allies and engage China to try to narrow differences on the North.\nFILE - U.S. Assistant Secretary of State James Kelly (left) shakes hands with Chinese State Councillor and former foreign minister Tang Jiaxuan in Beijing Feb. 26, 2004.\nJames Kelly, a former assistant secretary of state for East Asian and Pacific affairs who also led the U.S. negotiation team in the Bush administration, called on the Trump administration to put all options on the table, describing the current standoff with the North as \u201cvery dangerous.\u201d\nKelly believes the Trump administration could consider talks as an option, but cautioned against direct engagement with the North, saying it could undermine the administration\u2019s coordination with U.S. allies.\nCritics argue pressure alone would not resolve the North Korean nuclear issue.\nRobert Gallucci, who was the top U.S. negotiator when the first North Korean nuclear crisis broke in the early 1990s, said the U.S. should seek an opportunity to engage North Korea without any precondition.\nTalks without precondition\n\u201cI think the smart thing would be at some point to agree to have talks without preconditions, and then talk about what both sides want to discuss,\u201d said Gallucci in an interview with VOA Thursday.\nSanctions would not change Pyongyang\u2019s course on its nuclear weapons, Gallucci said.\n\u201cI am opposed to the idea that we imagine that sanctions are going to be so effective that they are going to stop the North Korean behavior that we don\u2019t like, or maybe even they are going to be so effective, they will cause the regime to collapse,\u201d he said. \nFILE - U.S. former deputy nuclear negotiator Joseph DeTrani in Singapore, Jan. 18, 2015. North Korea's chief nuclear envoy and former U.S. negotiators and security experts were in Singapore to discuss nuclear issues.\nJoseph DeTrani, who served as envoy for the nuclear talks from 2003 to 2005 during the Bush administration, told VOA the Trump administration should rein in the North\u2019s provocative behavior, while seeking talks to try to slow the country\u2019s nuclear development.\n\u201cI think it\u2019s important for North Korea to understand that there are consequences when they violate U.N. Security Council resolutions and launch missiles as they recently did,\u201d said the envoy, who currently is the president of the Daniel Morgan Graduate School on National Security in Washington, DC.\nDeTrani suggested the Trump administration should try \u201cexploratory talks\u201d with Pyongyang to test if the country has any intention of freezing its nuclear weapons programs in exchange for easing sanctions or a security guarantee.\nMilitary options\nRecently, The Wall Street Journal reported the Trump security team is considering military action against the North as part of a review of its policy toward Pyongyang. However, whether such a plan is viable remains unclear.\nAdm. Samuel Locklear, the former head of U.S. Pacific Command in the Obama administration, told VOA this week the U.S. should not rule out any possibility, including the use of military force, in its dealing with North Korea.\nRetired Adm. William Fallon, who also commanded U.S. forces in the Pacific in the Bush administration, however, showed skepticism about using force, telling VOA he \u201cwould not go down that road.\u201d\nThe multilateral negotiations aimed at persuading North Korea to abandon its nuclear weapons programs started in 2003 and have been stalled since late 2008. Since then, the North has conducted four more nuclear tests. The first test was in October 2006.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - U.S. Assistant Secretary of State James Kelly (left) shakes hands with Chinese State Councillor and former foreign minister Tang Jiaxuan in Beijing Feb. 26, 2004.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/E4B77F8D-7409-46E9-B233-5967DAE4C9CF.jpg",
        "id": "8869_3",
        "answer": [
            "consider talks as an option",
            "put all options on the table"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Kelly",
            "James Kelly "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_10_3758374",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_10_3758374_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the job of the person on the right of the image?",
        "context": "Montana Voters Elect GOP\u2019s Gianforte to Congress\nBOZEMAN, MONT. \u2014\u00a0\nRepublican multimillionaire Greg Gianforte won Montana\u2019s only U.S. House seat Thursday despite being charged a day earlier with assault after witnesses said he grabbed a reporter by the neck and threw him to the ground. \nGianforte, a technology entrepreneur, defeated Democrat Rob Quist to continue the GOP\u2019s two-decade stronghold on the congressional seat. Democrats had hoped Quist, a musician and first-time candidate, could have capitalized on a wave of activism following President Donald Trump\u2019s election. \nQuist told supporters that he called Gianforte to congratulate him on his win and to urge him to represent all Montanans.\n\u201cI know that Montanans will hold Mr. Gianforte accountable,\u201d Quist said Thursday night. \nFILE - Congressional candidate Rob Quist meets with supporters during the annual Mansfield Metcalf Celebration dinner hosted by the state's Democratic Party in Helena, Mont., March 18, 2017.\nThe win reaffirmed Montana\u2019s voters support for Trump\u2019s young presidency in a conservative-leaning state that voted overwhelmingly for him in November. \nStrong favorite\nGianforte was a strong favorite throughout the campaign and that continued even after authorities charged him with misdemeanor assault Wednesday. Witnesses said he grabbed Ben Jacobs, a reporter for the Guardian newspaper, and slammed him to the ground after being asked about the Republican health care bill. \nGianforte dropped out of sight after he was cited by police and ignored calls Thursday by national Republicans for him to apologize to the reporter. \nHe emerged only at his victory celebration Thursday night, where he said he accepted responsibility for the incident. \n\u201cLast night I made a mistake and I took an action I can\u2019t take back and I am not proud of what happened,\u201d Gianforte told the crowd. \u201cI should not have responded the way I did and for that I am sorry.\u201d\nThe last-minute controversy unnerved Republicans, who also faced close calls this year in the traditionally Republican congressional districts in Kansas and Georgia. A runoff election is scheduled for next month in Georgia between Democrat Jon Ossoff and Republican Karen Handel after Ossoff fell just short of winning outright. \nRepublican Greg Gianforte (right) welcomes Donald Trump Jr. on to the stage at a rally in East Helena, Mont., May 11, 2017. Trump Jr. urged voters to support Gianforte in the May 25 special U.S. House election to fill the seat of Ryan Zinke, who is now the secretary of the Interior.\nSupport for Trump increased\nGianforte showed lukewarm support for Trump during his unsuccessful run for governor in Montana last fall but did an about-face and turned into an ebullient Trump supporter after he started campaigning for the congressional seat vacated by Republican Ryan Zinke, when he was tapped by Trump to serve as Interior Department secretary. \nGianforte urged Montana voters to send him to help Trump \u201cdrain the swamp,\u201d brought in Vice President Mike Pence and first son Donald Trump Jr. to campaign for him and was supported by millions of dollars of ads and mailers paid for by Republican groups. \nBut the theme of the election shifted Wednesday night when Jacobs walked into Gianforte\u2019s office as he was preparing for an interview with Fox News. \nJacobs began asking the candidate about the health care bill passed by the House when the crew and Jacobs say Gianforte slammed him to the floor, yelling \u201cGet out of here!\u201d \nGianforte\u2019s campaign issued a statement Wednesday blaming the incident on Jacobs. But on Thursday night, Gianforte apologized both to Jacobs and to the Fox News crew for having to witness the attack. \n\u201cI should not have treated that reporter that way and for that I\u2019m sorry, Mr. Jacobs,\u201d he said.\nIt had been unclear if Gianforte\u2019s assault charge would impact the race. About a third of eligible voters in Montana had cast their ballots in early voting, and others said it didn\u2019t influence their vote. \n",
        "caption": "Republican Greg Gianforte (right) welcomes Donald Trump Jr. on to the stage at a rally in East Helena, Mont., May 11, 2017. Trump Jr. urged voters to support Gianforte in the May 25 special U.S. House election to fill the seat of Ryan Zinke, who is now the secretary of the Interior.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/BE68C5CA-BB11-408F-9907-2D425C659417.jpg",
        "id": "30931_3",
        "answer": [
            "technology entrepreneur"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Gianforte"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_26_3872110",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_26_3872110_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person on the left of the image do?",
        "context": "Defense Secretary Mattis Seeks Continuity in Policy Toward Asia\nSINGAPORE \u2014\u00a0\nThe Trump administration is aiming for continuity in Asia policy, sticking broadly with the approach its predecessors have taken by emphasizing diplomacy and cooperation with allies, Defense Secretary Jim Mattis said Friday.\nMattis outlined the Trump administration's approach in remarks to reporters traveling with him to Singapore, where he will deliver a policy speech at an international security conference Saturday and meet with several Asian counterparts.\nHe spoke of \u201creinforcing the international order\u201d while seeking a \u201cpeaceful, prosperous and free Asia\u201d - echoes of the traditional U.S. policy goals - without mentioning the narrower challenges of a nuclear North Korea and a rising China. He is expected to discuss North Korea and China in his Saturday speech.\nUpon arriving in Singapore, Mattis scheduled meetings Friday with Singaporean and Asian officials.\nPresident Donald Trump raised doubts in Asia when he took office following a campaign in which he sharply criticized Japan and South Korea for not pulling their weight as treaty allies. So far, however, the administration has been more supportive.\n\u201cAs a Pacific nation, we have enduring interests and commitments in the Asia-Pacific region,\u201d Mattis said aboard his aircraft, referring in part to U.S. defense treaties with Japan, South Korea, Thailand and the Philippines.\n\u201cAccordingly, we are demonstrating the priority this administration places on maintaining stability alongside our allies and partners,\u201d he added. The Pentagon's role, he said, is to reinforce alliances, strengthen U.S. military capabilities to deter war in Asia, and help enable countries to sustain their own security.\nMattis is mindful of emerging threats in Asia, starting with North Korea's development of nuclear weapons and missiles with sufficient range to deliver nuclear strikes on U.S. territory.\nTrump has said he is leaning more heavily on China - North Korea's only significant ally - to contain that threat. At the same time, the administration has repeated the Obama's administration's criticisms of China for reclaiming land in areas of the South China that several other nations claim as their own. It's unclear how far China will go to help on North Korea in the face of South China Sea tensions.\nTrump also has used gunboat diplomacy by speaking of a U.S. naval \u201carmada\u201d within range of North Korea and noting the presence of U.S. nuclear submarines in the region.\nThe U.S. Navy has two aircraft carrier strike groups in waters off the Korean Peninsula, and on Thursday those groups - led by the USS Carl Vinson and the USS Ronald Reagan - began three days of joint exercises, the first in that area since the 1990s.\nDavid Helvey, Mattis' senior adviser on Asia policy, told reporters on the way to Singapore that the dual carrier exercise is not intended as a provocation. He called it routine but acknowledged that it is the first of its kind in about 20 years.\nThe exercises are intended to reassure allies, he said, and to keep U.S. forces ready for any crisis.\n\u201cThis is not about sending a message directly to North Korea,\u201d Helvey said, adding, \u201cI don't expect this to change North Korea's behavior.\u201d\nIn line with Mattis's emphasis on helping allies defend their own territory while strengthening U.S. military muscle in the region, the U.S. has deployed a missile defense system in South Korea known as a Terminal High-Altitude Area Defense system. It is intended to protect South Korea from a potential North Korean missile strike.\nThe new South Korean government has complained that it was not aware of the extent of THAAD deployments on its territory in recent weeks, but Helvey said the U.S. had consulted with Seoul \u201cthroughout this process\u201d of deploying the THAAD.\nMattis's trip is his second to Asia since he took over the Pentagon Jan. 20. He has put heavy emphasis on nurturing alliances and building new partnerships in Asia, echoing the approach of the Obama administration, which built closer ties to India, Singapore, Indonesia and Vietnam, and began a rotation of Marine contingents in Australia.\n",
        "caption": "Singapore's Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong, right, meets U.S. Defense Secretary Jim Mattis, for a bilateral meeting at the Istana or Presidential Palace in Singapore on June 2, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/C7A2766B-6C26-4A58-8E15-189C8E0F619C.jpg",
        "id": "27241_1",
        "answer": [
            "outlined the Trump administration's approach in remarks to reporters traveling with him to Singapore"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Mattis"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_02_3883876",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_02_3883876_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What do the people in the image want?",
        "context": "Tensions Mount as Ecuador's Presidential Race Undecided\nQUITO \u2014\u00a0\nVote counting in Ecuador's presidential election dragged into a third day Tuesday with ruling party candidate Lenin Moreno still just short of a definitive first-round victory and supporters and opponents of outgoing President Rafael Correa trading heated accusations.\nWith the last ballots trickling in from Sunday's election, Moreno had a little over 39 percent of the votes and an almost 11-point lead over conservative Guillermo Lasso, a former banker who finished second in a field of nine candidates. But Moreno remained just under a point below the 40 percent threshold needed to avoid an April runoff.\nIt was the first time in recent memory that Ecuadorean authorities had not declared a winner on election night, leading Lasso and many of his supporters to charge that an attempt at fraud was underway as Correa's leftist movement sought to hold onto power at a time the rest of South America has shifted to the right. But Lasso's side did not present any evidence of irregularities.\nLate Monday, hundreds of Lasso supporters hunkered down in a heavy rain outside the National Electoral Council for a second night to demand that a runoff be confirmed. Earlier in the day, a few thousand people were in the crowd.\n\u201cEcuadorean people: You have won. We're going to defend this victory,\u201d Lasso told supporters in a video message in which he urged protesters to stay mobilized. He said he had called several regional presidents and the head of the Organization of American States to express his concern.\n\u201cIt's very strange that here in the 21st century the results aren't known the same day as the election,\u201d Lasso later told the NTN24 network, saying that he did not trust Ecuadorean electoral authorities.\nMoreno, who served as Correa's vice president from 2006 to 2013, was emphatic that he won outright.\nWith more than 92 percent of polling stations reporting late Monday, his lead had shrunk slightly from earlier in the day but he was still ahead with 39 percent of the vote to 28 percent for Lasso.\n\u201cIt's striking to me that there is a loser politician out there calling for violence,\u201d Moreno said at a news conference Monday night. \u201cThis can't be tolerated. We're a nation of peace and we want to continue that way.\u201d He said he would respect the final count, whatever the outcome.\nRumors swirled on social media about the vote count. A group of people broke down a door at a building in Quito where ballots were supposedly being burned. Outside an electoral office in Guayaquil, police erected barricades to keep supporters and opponents of Correa apart. The Defense Ministry issued a statement denying reports that some sort of military uprising was underway.\nElectoral authorities appealed for calm, saying it could take until Wednesday to know if a runoff would be necessary. They said the delay was due to slow arrival of ballots cast in remote rural regions and consulates abroad as well as inconsistencies on tally sheets that needed to be sorted through. \nObservers from the Washington-based Organization of American States told electoral authorities that it was important to count the ballots as quickly and as transparently as possible, and urged them to continue informing the public of their progress to shore up credibility in the process.\nThe outcome of the race is being watched closely in Latin America, where conservative leaders in Argentina, Brazil and Peru have assumed power in the past 18 months after the end of a commodities boom that boosted leftists like Correa.\nA self-declared \u201c21st century socialist,\u201d Correa was elected president in 2007 and he won praise for ushering in stability for Ecuador after a severe economic crisis that saw three presidents toppled by street protests and the adoption of the U.S. dollar to control rampant inflation.\nBut Correa also drew criticism for his iron-fisted approach against much of the press, opposition and judiciary.\nThe sheen on his administration also has been tarnished as once-flush government budgets were cut and thousands of employees at state-run companies laid off amid a decline in oil revenues for the OPEC nation. The International Monetary Fund has forecast Ecuador's economy to shrink 2.7 percent this year and many analysts predict that Correa's successor will have to seek a bailout from the multilateral lender.\n",
        "caption": "Opposition presidential candidate Guillermo Lasso's supporters protest outside Ecuador's National Electoral Council to demand the official results of the presidential elections, in Quito, Ecuador, Feb. 20, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/8DC26397-8E58-4B59-AE25-6681E2C4553F.jpg",
        "id": "24044_1",
        "answer": [
            "a runoff be confirmed"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "supporters"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_21_3733389",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_21_3733389_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the man wearing white in the image opposing to?",
        "context": "Gambian President's Options to Stay in Office Shrinking\nDAKAR \u2014\u00a0\nGambian President Yahya Jammeh\u2019s options to stay in office may be shrinking.\nThe five judges from Nigeria and Sierra Leone needed to constitute the Gambian Supreme Court did not come to Banjul for Tuesday's scheduled hearing.\nThe session was called to weigh in on President Jammeh\u2019s request to nullify December\u2019s election results. The international community has already recognized President-elect Adama Barrow as the winner and called on Jammeh to step down.\nThe head of Gambia\u2019s Bar Association says the hearing has been rescheduled for next Monday, There has been no confirmation from the judges that they will show up for that date, which comes just three days before Barrow\u2019s inauguration.\nThree West African presidents are expected in the Gambian capital Wednesday to continue the mediation efforts led by Nigerian President Muhammadu Buhari.\nBuhari\u2019s special adviser, Femi Adesina, told VOA\u2019s Daybreak Africa that diplomacy remains the best course of action, although the West African bloc ECOWAS has not ruled out military force.\n\u201cThis is not interfering. This is rather mediation and peacemaking. Because there is the potential, what you have on the ground is like sitting on gunpowder, on a keg of gunpowder that can explode at any time, and innocent people would be affected, so it\u2019s better to work for peace, talking to President Jammeh. And that is what ECOWAS is doing,\u201d Adesina said.\n\u2018Growing isolation\u2019\nJammeh\u2019s allies are dwindling. This week the minister of information resigned and fled to neighboring Senegal, and Jammeh fired 12 ambassadors who had spoken in favor of transition.\nSteve Cockburn, Amnesty International\u2019s deputy regional director for West and Central Africa, said the defections could give ECOWAS some strength in negotiations.\n\u201cCivil society groups that you would never have thought would dare speak out like that before are now doing so. Even the dentists' association... So I think, bit by bit, there is growing isolation; but, the key thing is looking at how much the army and the heads of the army remain with the president. There will certainly be some divisions in that; but at the moment the head of the army does seem to be staying close to Jammeh, and I think that is where people will be looking for movement,\u201d Cockburn said.\nIn a statement Tuesday on Twitter, President-elect Barrow said ECOWAS leaders are coming Wednesday to \u201cpersuade [Jammeh] to step down for the last time.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Gambian President Yahya Jammeh arrives at a polling station with his wife Zineb during presidential elections in Banjul, Gambia, Dec. 1, 2016. Jammeh has been demanding that the poll results be nullified.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B8F162DB-B9AE-4ECD-9C78-5621F111B9E6.jpg",
        "id": "3659_1",
        "answer": [
            "December\u2019s election results"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Yahya Jammeh"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_10_3670280",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_10_3670280_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What have the people in the image had to deal with?",
        "context": "Islamic State Tries to Regroup as Mosul Losses Mount\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nWith U.S.-backed Iraqi forces close to ending the Islamic State group's grip on Mosul, security forces in neighboring Iraqi provinces are increasingly concerned about extremists moving into their areas.\nKirkuk, Diyala and Salahuddin provinces have recently witnessed a surge in IS activities, and local security forces fear possible terror attacks by IS militants fleeing Mosul.\n\u201cIS terrorists have raised their black flags in many villages and plains across the provincial borders,\u201d said Lieutenant Colonel Faruq Ahmed, head of the security department in Tuz Khurmatu, 200 kilometers from Mosul. \u201cSome of those areas have not had many IS fighters since 2014.\u201d\nIS controlled large swaths of land in the three provinces when it swept across northern and western Iraq in 2014.\nSunni Muslims who fled the Islamic State's stronghold of Hawija arrive in Kirkuk, Iraq, Oct. 3, 2016.\nAfter Mosul, recapturing Hawija\nWith the exception of the city of Hawija, west of Kirkuk, IS later lost most of that territory to Kurdish and Iraqi forces, supported by the U.S.-led coalition, along with Iran-backed Shi'ite militias known as Popular Mobilization Forces. Iraqi officials say recapturing Hawija will be their next goal after the Mosul offensive is completed.\nIntelligence reports tell of IS movements across the borders of all three provinces, and Ahmed said security forces in Tuz Khurmatu are on high alert for possible \u201cimminent\u201d attacks.\nVillagers living in the outskirts of Sulaiman Bek, a town in eastern Salahuddin province, said they saw 10 trucks full of IS fighters crossing into Qara Tapa town, north of Diyala.\nKurdish forces, the Iraqi army and PMF \u201care closely coordinating together to respond to any IS surprise attacks,\u201d Ahmed said.\nSmoke billows after an air strike by Iraqi forces towards Islamic State militants in the Old City of Mosul, Iraq, June 25, 2017.\nIS hit-and-run attacks\nA Kurdish commander, Colonel Luqman Muhammad, leads Peshmerga forces in the triangle where the borders of Kirkuk, Diyala and Salahuddin meet. He told VOA that IS militants have been moving into the three provinces in small groups \u2014 10 to a dozen fighters \u2014 to avoid being targeted by coalition airstrikes.\nIS fighters have been staging hit-and-run attacks against Kurdish Peshmerga, Iraqi army units and Shi'ite militias.\nPeshmerga forces foiled a major IS attempt last week to control the strategic border triangle, Muhammad said, thanks to support missions flown by warplanes of the U.S.-led coalition.\n\u201cThe planes hit them about three times and forced them to disperse,\u201d he said. \u201cWe killed two of them and seized a lot of weapons after two hours of confrontation.\u201d\nMilitants pressure villagers\nMuhammad said increased IS activity could continue for some time after the extremists are driven out of Mosul. Islamic State fighters have managed to establish secret cells in the region, he said, by appealing to disenfranchised Sunni Arabs.\nEver since the U.S.-led invasion of Iraq in 2003, the three provinces near Mosul have been in a state of flux. Their populations are a complex of Sunnis, Kurds and Shi'ites. Sunni leaders tell VOA their community feels increasingly marginalized by Kurdish and Shi'ite groups that have territorial ambitions in the region.\nKhairuallah Abdullah, a Sunni activist from Kirkuk, told VOA that IS fighters are pressuring Sunni villagers to support their insurgent attacks on Shi'ite and Kurdish forces.\n\u201cIS uses money to buy the loyalty of villagers who have just returned to their homes,\u201d he said. \u201cThose who refuse to pledge loyalty, especially the village headmen, face torture and death.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "Members of the Iraqi Army are photographed with an Islamic State flag, claimed after fighting with Islamic State militants in western Mosul, Iraq, June 26, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/2631B5BA-C89A-46FD-9CF3-B1714A0944AF.jpg",
        "id": "31309_1_1",
        "answer": [
            "hit-and-run attacks"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Iraqi army"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_26_3917151",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_26_3917151_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person second to the left in the image become?",
        "context": "Macron Seen Winning French TV Debate, Clashes With Le Pen\nPARIS \u2014\u00a0\nCentrist Emmanuel Macron solidified his status as frontrunner in France's presidential election on Monday in a televised debate during which he clashed on immigration and Europe with his main rival, far-right leader Marine Le Pen.\nA snap opinion poll showed Macron, a former economy minister who has never run for public office before, was seen as the most convincing among the top five contenders in a marathon debate of nearly three and a half hours that delivered no knock-outs.\nThe debate, and the two others that will follow ahead of the April 23 first round, are seen as key in an election in which nearly 40 percent of voters say they are not sure who to back.\n'Twisting the truth'\n\"You are failing (voters) by twisting the truth,\" Macron told Le Pen when she talked about a rise of radical Islam in France and said he was in favor of the burkini, a full-body swimsuit worn by some Muslim women that stirred much controversy in France last summer.\nLater in the debate, National Front leader Le Pen mocked Macron, saying, of his comments: \"It's completely empty. I want to attract the French people's attention to the fact that every time you talk, you say a bit of this, a bit of that, and never decide.\"\nOpinion polls have for weeks shown Le Pen and Macron, an independent centrist who used to be Socialist President Francois Hollande's economy minister, pulling away from the pack in an election full of twists and turns which is taking place against a backdrop of high unemployment and sluggish growth.\nTwenty-nine percent of viewers thought Macron was the most convincing, ahead of firebrand leftist Jean-Luc Melenchon with 20 percent, while Le Pen and conservative Francois Fillon were tied in third place, a snap survey conducted online by Elabe pollsters towards the end of the debate showed. Socialist candidate Benoit Hamon came in last.\nAfter the surprise of Britain's Brexit vote and the election of Donald Trump in the United States, markets are nervous about the possibility of a Le Pen victory. She is pledging to take France out of the euro and hold a referendum on EU membership.\nRunoff\nOnly the top two candidates go through to the runoff, where polls show Macron easily beating Le Pen.\nBut with so many voters undecided and polls showing the abstention rate could be higher than ever in France, the level of uncertainty remains high. A high abstention rate could benefit Le Pen as polls consistently show that her supporters are the most certain of their vote.\nFillon, a one-time front-runner who has fallen back over by a scandal surrounding the employment of his wife as a parliamentary assistant, has been put under formal investigation, a first for a French presidential candidate.\nBut the scandal, which has dominated the campaign for weeks, occupied relatively little time in the debate.\nFillon, a former prime minister, himself alluded to the scandal, saying: \"I may have committed some errors, I have faults, who doesn't, but I am experienced.\"\nMacron, a former investment banker, came under criticism for private donations made to his campaign when Hamon suggested he could fall under the influence of lobbies in the pharmaceutical, banking or oil industry.\nMacron retorted that he was the only candidate who was not funded by public money, since his party is new and had not yet benefited from public subsidies. \"I pledge to be controlled by no one,\" he said.\n\"The traditional parties, those that have for decades failed to solve yesterday's problems, won't be able to do it tomorrow either,\" said Macron, who made a name for himself by criticizing sacred cows of the French \"social model\" such as the 35-hour workweek.\nOpposition to EU\nLe Pen repeatedly stressed her opposition to the European Union, saying she did not want to see France become a \"vague region\" of the bloc. \"I don't want to be the vice chancellor of Angela Merkel,\" she said, referring to the German leader.\nThe TV debate was the top trending topic on Twitter in France on Monday before it even started. Television debates were key to Fillon's victory in the center-right primaries in November and to Benoit Hamon in the Socialist primaries in January.\n",
        "caption": "From left to right, Conservative presidential candidate Francois Fillon, Independent centrist presidential candidate for the presidential election Emmanuel Macron, Far-left presidential candidate for the presidential election Jean-Luc Melenchon, Far-right presidential candidate for the presidential election Marine Le Pen and Socialist candidate for the presidential election Benoit Hamon pose for a group photo prior to a television debate at French TV station TF1 in Aubervilliers, outside Paris, France, March 20, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/1F8F0AF0-79E1-4863-8838-4D1213C2FE0D.jpg",
        "id": "27932_1_2",
        "answer": [
            "frontrunner"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Emmanuel Macron"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_21_3775113",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_21_3775113_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the people in the image have to deal with?",
        "context": "Suicide Bombers Target Lebanese Soldiers, Kill Only Themselves \nSuicide bombers targeted Lebanese soldiers conducting raids on refugee settlements along the Syria-Lebanon border Friday, wounding seven troops but killing only themselves, the military said.\nAccording to the army statement, the soldiers were raiding a settlement in the border town of Arsal on Friday morning when the attacks took place.\nThere were five suicide bombers and another man, who threw a hand grenade at soldiers as they conducted manhunts in the refugee settlements.\nFILE - A general view shows tents of Syrian refugees on the outskirts of the Lebanese town of Arsal, near the border with Syria, Lebanon, Sept. 21, 2016.\nOne man blew himself up as soldiers raided the al-Nour refugee camp, wounding three soldiers. Four soldiers were wounded when one of the militants threw a grenade at them. The other four suicide bombers exploded themselves without causing harm to anyone else, the army said.\nThe refugee camps along the border near Arsal have served as a haven for militants coming from the battle in Syria. \nThe Lebanese army has been stepping up security along its border with Syria, as the country continues to struggle in a brutal civil war.\nLocal media reports said more than 100 people were arrested during the raid.\nThere have been several clashes in recent years between Lebanese forces and militants in the Arsal area. In 2014, 30 soldiers were abducted by Islamic State jihadists and taken back to Syria.\nThe jihadists executed four of those hostages and eventually released another 16 in exchange for Islamist prisoners held in Lebanon. One of the hostages died of wounds he suffered during the initial skirmish, while nine are still being held.\n",
        "caption": "A convoy of Lebanese army soldiers drives at the entrance of the border town of Arsal, in eastern Bekaa Valley, Lebanon, June 30, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/DBB65620-CDB9-4184-8BDB-173DEDB7D475.jpg",
        "id": "20201_1",
        "answer": [
            "five suicide bombers and another man, who threw a hand grenade at soldiers as they conducted manhunts in the refugee settlements",
            "Suicide bombers",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Lebanese army soldiers",
            "soldiers"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_30_3922864",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_30_3922864_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who threatened the country where the event shown in the image took place?",
        "context": "Following IS Attacks, Iran Cracks Down on Armed Dissident Groups \nIranian forces have staged operations against dissidents they say were planning terror attacks during Ramadan in the wake of twin suicide assaults on symbolic sites in Tehran. Officials linked one group to Saudi Arabia, which it claims is trying to destabilize the country.\nIntelligence forces killed three members of the small Ansar al-Forqan group and arrested five others Wednesday in the southeastern city of Chabahar in Sistan and Balouchestan province, seizing seven suicide vests and a large amount of ammunition, according to state-run media.\nTehran claims the fundamentalist Sunni group is linked to al-Qaida, with possible support from Saudi Arabia.\nIn a second incident, Iran's Fars News Agency reported Friday that several alleged \"terrorists\" had been killed or wounded in clashes with Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps members in the Qasr-e Qand region.\nExplosives confiscated\nAn IRGC statement said 700 kilograms of explosives had been confiscated, along with a car packed with another 600 kilograms of explosives and five bombs. It was not clear whether the targets of the assault belonged to a specific group.\nThe details of the operations could not be independently verified. They were carried out as Iran was still reeling from the June 5 attacks on Parliament and the mausoleum of the Islamic Republic's founder, Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, that killed at least 17 people and injured several others.\nIslamic State claimed responsibility, but Iran has linked the attacks to Saudi Arabia, its main rival for influence in the region, claiming Riyadh is trying to destabilize the country by supporting dissidents.\nIRGC Commander Mohammed Ali Jafari told Fars that Iran had \"precise information\" that Saudi Arabia \"has asked terrorists to carry out operations in Iran.\"\nThe Fars report said the Saudis might have recruited Ansar al-Forqan to carry out attacks.\n\"The intelligence shows that the Saudis have hired mercenaries from the neighboring states to create insecurity inside Iran,\" said Mahmoud Alavi, the Iranian intelligence minister. He alleged that the U.S. and Israel also support terrorist groups in the region.\nFILE - Members of Iranian forces take cover during an attack on the Iranian parliament in central Tehran, Iran, June 2017.\nRising tensions\nTensions between longtime rivals Saudi Arabia and Iran have escalated in recent weeks after the Saudis and their Gulf partners cut ties to Qatar, citing, in part, its association to Iran and Tehran's alleged link to terrorism.\nBefore the June 5 attacks in Tehran, Saudi Foreign Minister Adel al-Jubeir said Iran \"must be punished\" for its disruptive role in the region.\nMohammed bin Salman, deputy crown prince and defense minister of Saudi Arabia, slammed Iran recently for its intrusion in Arab world affairs and threatened using force inside Iran's borders.\n\"We won't wait for the battle to be in Saudi Arabia,\" he said. \"Instead, we'll work so that the battle is for them in Iran.\"\nAnsar al-Forqan's website says its mission is fighting the \"cruel Shi'ite regime of Tehran\" for persecution of the country's Sunni minority.\n\"Since this cruel Shi'ite regime only deprives Sunni Muslims of their rights, we have no other means but to fight back,\" Ansar al-Forqan said in a video statement last year.\nIt is an ethnic Baloch group and active only in poverty-racked Sistan and Balouchestan. Blamed for launching several attacks on military outposts in the region and targeting military vehicles with short-range missiles, the group is considered to have strong ties to Salafism ideology.\n\"Their motto of 'Either martyrdom or Sharia' depicts the level of their commitment to the execution of Islamic decrees,\" said Abdolsatar Doshoki, a U.K.-based Baloch affairs analyst.\nEstimates put the number of members from 200 to more than 400.\nRecruiting targets\n\"The group mostly recruits from young Balochs from poor families who are strongly religious, poor and frustrated,\" said Azhar Shoeibi, a Sweden-based Balouch asylum-seeker from the region.\nThe group reportedly is ill-funded and receives only ammunition support from Afghan and Pakistani militant allies.\n\"The militants usually harbor in Pakistan and receive enormous support from Pakistani tribes,\" Doshoki said.\nIn February 2013, Iran and Pakistan signed a security agreement under which both countries are required to cooperate in combating organized crime and fighting terrorism, as well as countering threats to national security. Iran has repeatedly called on Pakistan to comply with the terms of the agreement.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Members of Iranian forces take cover during an attack on the Iranian parliament in central Tehran, Iran, June 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/E823CB23-9B06-449E-89CB-C94C22701C9D.jpg",
        "id": "26001_2",
        "answer": [
            "Saudi Foreign Minister Adel al-Jubeir"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Iran"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_17_3904743",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_17_3904743_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who did the person in the image speak to?",
        "context": "White House Mum on Whether Trump Is Recording Conversations\nThe White House declined on Friday to say whether President Donald Trump is recording conversations in the Oval Office or those with dinner guests in the White House.\nTrump escalated his feud on Friday morning with fired FBI chief James Comey, tweeting an implication there are secret recordings of one of their private conversations from earlier this year.\nTrump, writing on the Twitter social media platform, said, \"James Comey better hope that there are no 'tapes' of our conversations before he starts leaking to the press!\"\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;James Comey better hope that there are no \\\"tapes\\\" of our conversations before he starts leaking to the press!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/863007411132649473\\\"\\u0026gt;May 12, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nAsked by a reporter at the daily briefing about that tweet, White House press secretary Sean Spicer repeatedly said, \"The president has nothing further to add on that.\"\nSpicer said, however, that the message was \"not a threat. He simply stated a fact. The tweet speaks for itself.\"\nWATCH: Trump Tweet \u2018Not A Threat,\u2019 Spicer Says\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nSpicer: Trump-Comey Dinner Tape Tweet \u2018Not A Threat\u2019\nShare this video\n0:00:36\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:36\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 1.4MB\n360p | 1.7MB\n480p | 8.5MB\nHistorians say presidents are believed to have stopped routinely recording visitors without their knowledge when the Oval Office recording system used by President Richard Nixon was exposed in 1973. A subsequent subpoena of the tapes helped to spark the unraveling of support for Nixon before he resigned a month into the impeachment proceedings over Watergate.\n\"I don't actually think Trump is recording his conversations. It would be a phenomenally shortsighted move, as recordings could be subpoenaed or otherwise leak out,\" Nicole Hemmer, assistant professor of presidential studies at the University of Virginia's Miller Center, told VOA. \"The trend in the White House has been toward fewer paper trails, not more. As far as we know, recordings stopped with Nixon, and even private diaries stopped with [Ronald] Reagan after his were subpoenaed during the Iran-Contra affair.\"\nQuestion of credibility\nWhite House spokesman Spicer on Friday also answered \"no\" to a question about whether Trump, at a January 27 White House dinner, had asked Comey to pledge loyalty to the president.\nThe second-ranking Senate Democrat on Friday called Trump \"dangerous because he may be obstructing justice\" in the investigation of Russia's involvement in the 2016 presidential election and possible ties to the Trump campaign.\nFILE - Sen. Dick Durbin, D-Ill., speaks during a Senate Judiciary Committee hearing on Capitol Hill, Jan. 27, 2016.\nThe president's \"credibility has been destroyed,\" added Senator Dick Durbin of Illinois, who sits on the Senate Judiciary Committee.\nThe ranking member of the House subcommittee on government operations, Gerry Connolly, questioned whether the president was \"unhinged\" for issuing the tweet, saying that in addition to obstruction of an investigation, the president now was engaging in \"witness intimidation.\"\nTrump on Tuesday fired Comey, who was leading an investigation into the alleged ties between the president's campaign and Russia.\nRequest for recordings\nRanking members on the House Judiciary Committee and Oversight and Government Reform Committee sent a letter Friday to the White House, saying \"it is a crime to intimidate or threaten any potential witness with the intent to influence, delay or prevent their official testimony.\"\nCongressmen John Conyers Jr. and Elijah Cummings addressed it to White House Counsel Don McGahn, asking whether the recordings actually existed, and saying that if they did, \"we request copies of all recordings in possession of the White House regarding this matter.\"\nThey went on to say, \"We believe Congress should immediately seek the testimony of Director Comey to better understand the circumstances surrounding these events ... .\"\nFILE - Then-Director of National Intelligence James Clapper arrives for a Senate Armed Services Committee hearing on Capitol Hill, Feb. 9, 2016.\nIn comments Friday to MSNBC, former Director of National Intelligence James Clapper said he did not know whether there was any collusion between Trump campaign officials and Russia. Nor should he know, he said, because the issue is the FBI's responsibility.\nClapper said his practice was always to defer to the FBI director \"on whether, when and what to tell me about a counterintelligence investigation.\"\nHis comment contradicted a Trump tweet saying Clapper did not believe there was collusion.\nFurther criticism\nWhite House officials insist Comey's firing had nothing to do with the Russia probe, though the president appeared to have undermined that assertion during a televised interview Thursday.\nThe president is also facing criticism after acknowledging in the NBC interview on Thursday that he repeatedly asked Comey whether he was under investigation.\nLegal analyst Bradley Moss, who specializes in national security issues, called such an exchange \"highly inappropriate\" at a minimum. \n\"There is supposed to be a line that is not crossed, including asking the FBI if you yourself are the target of the investigation,\" Moss told VOA.\nBut Moss, deputy executive director of the James Madison Project, a Washington-based organization that promotes government accountability, added it is \"difficult to say if it is actually illegal, since Comey allegedly responded that Trump was not under investigation.\"\nLaurence Tribe, a Harvard professor specializing in constitutional law, wrote on Twitter that it is \"now totally clear that Trump's firing of Comey was an obstruction of justice. That was the first article of impeachment against Nixon.\"\nNixon resigned in 1974 less than a month after the House of Representatives began impeachment proceedings against him.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Then-Director of National Intelligence James Clapper arrives for a Senate Armed Services Committee hearing on Capitol Hill, Feb. 9, 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/AE2DF067-A4AB-4113-8D14-D9062CC6309F.jpg",
        "id": "1484_3",
        "answer": [
            "MSNBC"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "James Clapper"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_12_3849974",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_12_3849974_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What fired the weapon which caused the damage in the image?",
        "context": "Clashes in Syrian City of Daraa Despite it Being 'Safe Zone'\nBEIRUT \u2014\u00a0\nIntense clashes broke out in Syria's Daraa on Monday between government forces and insurgents with both sides shelling parts of the southern city that has been declared a safe zone under a recent Russia-sponsored deal, opposition activists and state media said.\nDaraa, the site where Syria's crisis began in March 2011 with anti-government protests, is one of four \"de-escalation zones\" announced earlier this month during cease-fire talks in Astana, Kazakhstan.\nRussia, Iran and Turkey agreed to establish the zones in Syria, signing on to a Russian plan under which President Bashar Assad's air force would halt flights over designated areas across the war-torn country.\nViolence had been reported in the \"de-escalation zones\" since the deal was struck but Monday's clashes were among the worst.\nThe Britain-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights said government forces fired 11 missiles on rebel-held parts of Daraa as insurgents, including members of the al-Qaida-linked Levant Liberation Committees shelled government-held parts of the city.\nDaraa-based opposition activist Ahmad al-Masalmeh said insurgents repelled a government attack on the city's Manshiyeh neighborhood adding that troops fired as many as 20 missiles on the city.\nState news agency SANA said the shelling of government-held parts of the city wounded two women and a child. It added that the Syrian government respects the Astana deal but has vowed to retaliate to any violation.\nThe violence came as U.S.-backed Syrian fighters marched closer toward the northern city of Raqqa, the de facto capital of the Islamic State group. The Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces has been the most effective group fighting IS extremists in Syria who have lost wide areas around Raqqa over the past months.\nThe Kurdish-led forces and the Observatory said the U.S.-backed fighters captured the village of Salhabiyeh, west of Raqqa.\nIn the eastern city of Deir el-Zour, which is contested between IS and the Syrian government, airstrikes targeted several neighborhoods held by IS killing and wounded dozens.\nOmar Abu Laila, a Europe-based opposition activist from Deir el-Zour, said the airstrikes were likely carried out by Russian warplanes, adding that seven people were killed and more than 20 wounded. The Observatory said 10 people were killed, including three IS members.\nEarlier Monday, IS claimed responsibility for a suicide attack in northwest Syria that killed at least 14 insurgents. The extremists said in a statement that the attack against Ahrar al-Sham fighters was carried out by one of its members who parked his booby trapped motorcycle outside the group's office and detonated it along with an explosive belt he was wearing.\nAhrar al-Sham had blamed IS for Sunday's attack in the village of Tal Touqan in Idlib province. Ahrar al-Sham said the attacker blew himself and his motorcycle up amid the fighters, killing and wounding dozens.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Youth inspect rubble of a damaged house after an airstrike yesterday on rebel-held Daraa al-Balad, Syria, April 7, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/25CE5190-15EC-49C9-AF0C-13999BDF0433.jpg",
        "id": "24512_1",
        "answer": [
            "Russian warplanes"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "airstrike"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_22_3865097",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_22_3865097_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person with the mustache in the image trying to fix?",
        "context": "Democratic Effort Led by Ex-AG Holder Targets Swing States\nSeeking a path back to power in Congress, Democrats first want to hold on to the governorship in Virginia this year. Then they're setting their sights in 2018 on crucial governors' contests in Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania and elsewhere.\nThe targeted races are part of a strategy by a new Democratic coalition led by former U.S. Attorney General Eric Holder that aims to undo what he denounces as the \"rigged political process\" that has favored Republicans since congressional and state legislative districts were redrawn after the 2010 Census.\nTo win in Washington, Democrats have come to believe that they must first gain ground locally - through elections for governors and state legislators, court cases or ballot initiatives. Most governors elected in 2017 and 2018 will still be in office when the next round of redistricting occurs after the 2020 Census, wielding a potential veto pen over maps drawn by legislatures.\nDemocratic-backed legal challenges to the current districts in some states also could set new precedents for how redistricting must occur nationally. And in some states, Democratic-aligned groups are considering state ballot initiatives that could diminish the power of legislatures to draw districts, instead entrusting the process to bipartisan or independent commissions.\nRepublicans won a 241-194 majority over Democrats in last year's U.S. House elections, claiming more than 55 percent of the seats even though they edged Democrats by just 1 percentage point in the nationwide popular vote. Holder contends that disproportionate ratio is partly the result of partisan gerrymandering engineered by Republicans, who now control about two-thirds of all state legislatures.\n\"The will of the people, I think, has ultimately been frustrated - both at the state level and at the federal level,\" Holder said in an interview with The Associated Press.\nBecause of the way districts are drawn, Holder says it will be difficult for Democrats to regain control of Congress in the 2018 elections during the middle of Republican President Donald Trump's term. But he's hopeful of laying a foundation for future success.\nHolder, who was attorney general under former President Barack Obama, is chairman of the National Democratic Redistricting Committee, a new alliance of Democratic leaders, unions and progressive groups trying to bolster Democratic prospects ahead of the next round of redistricting.\n\"The mission is simple: Better maps in 2021 than we got coming out of the census in 2010,\" Holder told a group of reporters in Washington, D.C., on Tuesday.\nHe views the effort as a continuation of his work as attorney general \"protecting voting rights\" against Republican initiatives such as photo identification requirements, although the new committee will leave it to others to challenge such laws.\nObama also will be involved in the redistricting effort and already has helped with fundraising, Holder said. He declined to say how much money has been raised so far.\nThe Democratic initiative is modeled after the Republicans' successful Redistricting Majority Project, which contributed to a wave of state legislative and gubernatorial victories in 2010. Those new Republican majorities then were able to control the 2011 redistricting, helping to lock in favorable political maps for years to come.\nSince then, Republicans have seized even more states, now controlling the governorship and full legislature in 25 states while total Democratic control has diminished to about a half-dozen states. Republicans contend their dominance is due primarily to superior candidates and issues, not manipulated maps.\n\"Right now, the Democrats are in their nightmare scenario, and they're responding\" with talented strategists and fundraisers, said Matt Walter, president of the Republican State Leadership Committee.\nBut he said if Democrats take a top-down approach to targeting local races, \"we'll continue to win.\"\nMany Democrats say the party failed to focus enough on local candidates during Obama's tenure. Newly elected Democratic National Committee Chairman Tom Perez is pledging to rebuild the party at all levels, from the \"school board to the Senate.\"\nHolder's redistricting initiative is dividing states into four tiers, focusing foremost on those with the largest gaps between the partisan popular votes and seats won, and where Democrats can have the greatest impact by winning a key election or court battle. At the bottom are states with few members of Congress, unlikely to flip to Democrats or where there is little ability to influence the redistricting process.\nAmong their top targets is Virginia, where Democratic congressional candidates received about 16,000 more votes than Republicans last November yet won just four of the state's 11 U.S. House seats. Even that marked a gain: Democrats flipped one Republican seat after a federal appeals court ordered new district boundaries because too many black voters had been packed into a single district under the Republican-drawn maps.\nDemocrats want to retain the governor's office, now held by term-limited Gov. Terry McAuliffe, to provide leverage during the 2021 redistricting against a state legislature currently led by Republicans.\nA similar scenario exists in Michigan, where Republican congressional candidates edged Democrats by a single percentage point in last year's statewide vote yet won 9 of the 14 districts, which were drawn under a GOP legislature and governor. Democrats are taking a three-pronged approach: considering filing suit against the current districts; backing a ballot initiative to change the future redistricting process; and trying to win the governor's office being vacated by term-limited Republican Rick Snyder.\n\"There are a lot of big governors' races in states where maps are particularly egregious,\" said Kelly Ward, executive director of the National Democratic Redistricting Committee.\nWhere Republicans control the state legislature, those governors are essential \"to get a Democrat at the table in the redistricting process,\" she added.\nGovernors' races also will be the top targets for Democrats in Ohio and Pennsylvania, two places with Republican state legislatures where GOP congressional candidates' received a mid-50s percent share of the statewide vote yet won around 75 percent of their U.S. House seats.\nFlorida is another high-stakes state, with a term-limited Republican governor in 2018, a GOP-led state legislature and a 16-11 Republican advantage in U.S. House seats.\nRepublicans will be mounting similar offensives in Illinois and Maryland, hoping to hold on to GOP governorships as a redistricting buffer against Democratic-dominated state legislatures that drew congressional maps in their favor after the 2010 Census.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Former U.S. Attorney General Eric Holder, center, flanked by California Senate President Pro Tem Kevin de Leon, D-Los Angeles, left, and Assembly Speaker Anthony Rendon, D-Paramount, walks to a meeting with California Gov. Jerry Brown in Sacramento, California, Feb. 7, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/21245009-C94B-4636-83ED-4398A9BCD6EF.jpg",
        "id": "27953_1",
        "answer": [
            "the \"rigged political process\" that has favored Republicans"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Attorney General Eric Holder"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_01_3745615",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_01_3745615_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who is the leader connected to the building in the image?",
        "context": "Pope Visits Cairo in Tumultuous Times for Egyptian Christians\nCAIRO \u2014\u00a0\nPope Francis arrived Saturday at a stadium in an eastern Cairo suburb to lead Mass on his second day of a historic visit to Egypt.\nThe Catholic pontiff arrived in a simple blue Fiat, with his window rolled down, a contrast to the tight security in place for his two-day visit.\nOrganizers say 25,000 Egyptian Catholics are attending the Mass. Many of them held yellow balloons. Others waved the yellow-and-white Vatican flags as he rode in an open-roofed golf cart around the stadium after his arrival.\nPope is safe\nFriday evening, as the sun came down around the Vatican Embassy in Cairo, police lined the streets, and soldiers waited in army trucks behind roadblocks.\nDespite the heavy security presence, there was a sense of relief as many eyes turned to their television screens to watch the day's events unfold. On his first day of his first visit to Egypt, Pope Francis was safe.\n\"This visit will strengthen relations between Christians in Egypt and the Catholic Church,\" said Rizk Rashad, looking away from the cafe TV screen where the pope and Egyptian President Abdel-Fattah el-Sissi were speaking. \"Perhaps next our president will visit the Vatican.\"\nOn the television, Francis delivered a speech warning of the dangers of rigid, narrow-minded belief structures.\n\"For all our need of the Absolute, it is essential that we reject any 'absolutizing' that would justify violence,\" the pope said. \"For violence is the negation of every authentic religious expression.\" \nThe visit comes amid difficult times for Egyptian Coptic Christians, one of the largest and oldest minority groups in the Middle East. Earlier this month, more than 40 people were killed in three church attacks claimed by Islamic State militants.\nEarlier Friday, as Francis visited two of Egypt's most famous cathedrals and mosques, security forces appeared noticeably nervous, lining the streets and rapidly inspecting cars in advance of the pontiff's arrival.\nA heartening sign\nThe Vatican refused to cancel the papal visit after the attacks, as well as the offer of an armored car. And while some locals feared for the pope's safety, others saw the fact that the visit was proceeding as a sign of better times to come.\n\"We were hoping the visit would be in a better situation,\" Saber Ghebrial Ayoub said. \"But we respect that he did not cancel. He knows that his message of peace and love will speak directly to Egyptian people.\"\nWATCH: Heather Murdock reports on Egypt's Coptic Christians \nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nPope Visits Cairo During Tumultuous Times for Egypt's Christians\nShare this video\n0:02:02\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:02\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 5.9MB\n360p | 9.5MB\n720p | 56.9MB\n1080p | 39.9MB\nTough times\nThere are roughly 10 million Coptic Christians in Egypt, a nation of 92 million people, but the Christian population in the Middle East is in decline. In Syria and Iraq, IS militants have driven out vast numbers of Christians in recent years.\nBut in Egypt, Christians say discrimination usually comes in the form of economic and political disadvantages.\n\"Many of our rights seem lost to us,\" said merchant Maged Taqawy Fakhry, 36. \"We do not fill important positions in Egypt, and we face discrimination from authorities. We face so many obstacles and so much harassment.\"\nOne of the pope's stated missions in Egypt is to strengthen interfaith efforts between Christians and Muslims. And some analysts say that at a time when extremist groups are intentionally creating division, interfaith dialogue is key to maintaining Egypt's relative stability.\n\"From Muslims who know God, there is no challenge toward Christians,\" said Edward Bohnin, an Egyptian political analyst and journalist who specializes in Coptic issues. \"But there is the other team, which are the terrorists. \u2026 They want to divide us to control us by planting the seed of sectarian strife.\"\nMass at Cairo Stadium\nThe pope's visit will include meetings with Egypt's leading Christian and Muslim clerics as well as political leaders. After celebrating Mass Saturday, Francis will dine with Egyptian priests and returning to the Vatican.\nIn his remarks, the pontiff said the path toward peace is not just the rejection of extremism, but the embrace of religion, without speaking specifically about Catholicism.\nDuring Friday's visit, Sheikh Ahmed el-Tayeb, the Grand Imam at al-Azhar in Cairo, one of the Muslim world's leading religious institutions, met with Francis and echoed some of his sentiments.\n\"With all these accomplishments [of the 21st century], how come peace has become a lost paradise?\" he said. \"The answer, I assume, is that modern civilization has ignored religion.\"\nThe Associated Press contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "Pope Francis walks alongside Muslim clerics during a visit at the prestigious Sunni institution al-Azhar in Cairo on April 28, 2017, during an official visit to Egypt.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/584D025A-A921-4957-B94C-F71038481EE7.jpg",
        "id": "23038_1",
        "answer": [
            "Sheikh Ahmed el-Tayeb, the Grand Imam at al-Azhar in Cairo"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "al-Azhar"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_28_3829508",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_28_3829508_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What caused the children in the image to leave?",
        "context": "Guns, Bombs and Pleas for Peace: The Drawings of Marawi Children\nPANTAR, PHILIPPINES \u2014\u00a0\nChildren evacuated from the Philippines town of Marawi, where fighting has raged since Islamist militants seized it two weeks ago, are drawing pictures of their harrowing experiences as a form of therapy.\nSome 300 children were taken to the village of Pantar, just to the north of Marawi where government forces have used ground assaults and airstrikes against the fighters linked to Islamic State.\nTeachers at Pantar's elementary school said they were providing counseling to the Marawi children and encouraging them to express themselves through art.\n\"We had the children draw so they can express what is in their hearts. What they are feeling, so the teachers can see what is inside them,\" said school principal Anisah Paligawad.\nEvacuated students show their drawings about what they and other Marawi residents experienced before fleeing the city still under siege during a school day at Pantar elementary school in Lanao Del Norte, Philippines, June 6, 2017.\nA picture drawn by one girl showed women falling to the ground after being shot by IS fighters. In another scene, a woman holds a child by the hand and calls out for help as bombs fall from warplanes flying overhead.\n\"This is where we live. These are people leaving. This is a plane dropping bombs,\" said the girl as she explained the images in her pencil drawing.\nOther drawings included messages of hope that the fighting would end soon so the children could go home.\n\"I'm really sad with what's happening. I hope to get back to Marawi with my family,\" said one boy.\nMost of the residents of the town of 200,000 have left, and officials say 1,545 civilians have been rescued from the fighting. The civilian death toll is estimated at between 20 and 38.\nThe elementary school plans to erect tents to provide additional teaching space for the students while they wait for the fighting to end.\n\"For now, we plan to read them feel-good stories like myths, history and traditional stories so they can cope and forget what happened to them,\" said teacher Nasrollah Sultan.\n",
        "caption": "Evacuated students show their drawings about what they and other Marawi residents experienced before fleeing the city still under siege during a school day at Pantar elementary school in Lanao Del Norte, Philippines, June 6, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/4282A27E-DE43-448A-924F-EAC13A25FC46.jpg",
        "id": "4850_2",
        "answer": [
            "Islamist militants"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "children",
            "Marawi"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_08_3892552",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_08_3892552_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What things are the people in the image protesting?",
        "context": "Venezuela Full of Strife With Empty Refrigerators \nIn Venezuela, plagued with chronic food shortages and a devastated economy, Carmen Elena Perez describes her refrigerator as merely \"an ornament in my kitchen, because filling it costs me too much money.\"\nDulce Maria Garcia Leon, in the western state of Trujillo, says she has corn masa and \"a little bit of cottage cheese\" and eggs, though her fridge often holds \"only cold.\"\nVane Vargas jokes that her refrigerator, with its top-mount freezer, \"is like the North Pole: ice above, water below.\"\nBitter humor remains among the few things in plentiful supply in this once-wealthy South American country, where many of its 31 million people struggle to find enough to eat.\nSo VOA's Spanish Service invited Facebook and Twitter users there to dish about the contents of their refrigerators and cupboards. The informal, unscientific survey drew more than 60 responses \u2013 54 on Facebook, nine on Twitter \u2013 offering a glimpse into daily lives.\nPeople wait outside a supermarket to buy government subsided food in Caracas, Venezuela, Nov. 18, 2016. As domestic production dries up in Venezuela, the state has given itself the role of importing nearly all the country's food.\nNow, few people mark their days with three full meals. Instead, many count the hours spent standing in line for bread, oil and other basics.\n\"We eat what we can get,\" says Elvis Mercado of El Tigre, a city about 340 kilometers southeast of the capital. Usually it's a meal of arepas, the Venezuelan pan-fried staple made from corn flour, \"because the salary is not enough to buy food for a fortnight.\"\nA raise, but little respite\nSeeking to counter widespread protests, socialist President Nicolas Maduro this week ordered a 60 percent raise in the minimum wage, including food subsidies and pension increases. That translates to roughly 200,000 bolivares a month \u2013 or $278 at the official currency exchange rate on May 5.\nBut, given a scarcity of dollars as well as consumer goods, that amount has the buying power of just $39 on the black market \u2013 the one in which everyone does business. The International Monetary Fund predicts Venezuela's inflation rate \u2013 already one of the world's highest \u2013 could reach 720 percent this year.\nWith increases in both wages and prices, \"we are practically in the same\" spot, Jhonaiker Daniel Rodriguez says.\n\"Thank you very much, but what is needed is to keep prices stable,\" Nancy Haydee Roa says.\nRsan Leuqim writes that a carton of eggs is 11,000 bolivares ($2.15) \u2013 roughly 5 percent of a minimum-wage worker's monthly total.\nIf you can find eggs. Many survey respondents complained of shortages of consumer goods, most of which are imported.\n\"We go to a store and there is nothing! If there is, it is very expensive,\" Dexcy Ramirez says via Facebook. Near her home in Barinas, in west-central Venezuela, \"a kilo of [powdered] milk costs 20,000bv\" or $3.91.\nAdreina Chauran Pineda frets about imports: \"A soda is worth three days' salary, a little vegetable soup is worth 1,500bv (29 cents). ... A kilo of meat is worth 10,000\" \u2013 or $1.96.\nVenezuelans struggle to fill their refrigerators, as social media users tell VOA. (Photo illustration)\nChanging diets\nRising costs have altered Paula Pena's diet. \"I buy grains,\" she writes on Facebook, saying it's what she and her family now primarily rely on for nutrition. She purchases meat, including chicken, \"when we can. We cannot buy fruits or vegetables.\"\nYamile Corona of Valencia, Venezuela's third-largest city, writes of being \"blessed with the mango tree.\"\nScarcity generally is more pervasive outside of Caracas.\nShortages of food and medicine last year sparked dozens of riots and spasms of looting in parts of the country. Desperation has driven some people to forage for wild roots, occasionally with dire consequences. A young man in the eastern city of Maturin died on his 16th birthday last July after eating bitter yuca, a toxic plant, The New York Times reported in chronicling the case.\nLuzdary Mussa Uribe writes that she once was well fed but has involuntarily lost weight: \"What we are is yellow and thin.\"\nCustomers buy subsidized bread at a bakery in Caracas, Venezuela, March 20, 2107.\nGovernment-subsidized food delivery\nLast year, the government created a program called Local Supply and Production Committees (CLAPs) to manage distribution and combat hoarding. Community leaders deliver bags or boxes of foodstuffs to the homes of people who've registered.\n\"Only rice, milk, grains and flour are in the bags that the government sells,\" Ruperta@vidayarte2012 tells VOA via Twitter. \"I have never received one. ... And the corn meal that is really our daily bread, you just do not get it.\"\nLiliana Vasqez, who lives in Rio Chico in Miranda state, says she recently paid 10,500bv ($2.06) for a CLAP box containing a liter of oil, six cans of tuna, four bags of rice, small jars of mayonnaise and catsup, some pasta and a kilo of flour. Vasquez \u2013 whose son relayed her information to VOA \u2013 says it was the second time that a CLAP delivery was made in her neighborhood since the program began.\nNelly Mendez, a survey respondent from an unknown location in Venezuela, says she's gotten deliveries \"every 3 months of a case of CLAP\" and the contents last just for two days.\nThe CLAP program has been criticized for inconsistency and for allegedly favoring supporters of the ruling United Socialist Party of Venezuela (PSUV). \n\"Sadly, both scarcity and hunger\" mark the \"disastrous reality\" for Venezuelans, Raul Ernesto Gonzalez Salazar tells VOA.\nFor now, humor makes the situation almost palatable.\n\"The refrigerators are on vacation,\" Nery Acevdo echoes, adding that soon hungry Venezuelans \"will eat whatever we see.\"\n",
        "caption": "Demonstrators carry a sign \u2013 ' All the food for all the people! No more dictatorship' \u2013 while rallying against Venezuela's President Nicolas Maduro in Caracas, May 1, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/C3DD2460-C75E-4C29-8228-97AF61BC21D9.jpg",
        "id": "5672_1",
        "answer": [
            "chronic food shortages and a devastated economy"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Venezuela"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_05_3839812",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_05_3839812_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What type of people can acquire the items in the image easier?",
        "context": "Congress Blocks Rule Barring Mentally Impaired From Buying Guns\nThe Republican-led Senate voted Wednesday to block an Obama-era regulation that would prevent an estimated 75,000 people with mental disorders from being able to purchase a firearm. The measure now goes to President Donald Trump, who is expected to sign it.\nThe regulation was crafted as part of President Barack Obama's efforts to strengthen the federal background check system in the wake of the 2012 massacre of 20 young students and six staff at Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown, Connecticut. Adam Lanza, a 20-year-old man with a variety of impairments, including Asperger's syndrome and obsessive-compulsive disorder, shot and killed his mother at their home, then went to school where he killed the students, adults and himself.\nThe Obama administration rule required the Social Security Administration to send in the names of beneficiaries with mental impairments who also have a third party manage their benefits.\nBut lawmakers, with the backing of the National Rifle Association and advocacy groups for the disabled, opposed the regulation and encouraged Congress to undertake a rarely successful process designed to void regulations that Congress takes issue with.\nThe 57-43 vote to revoke the regulation sends the measure to Trump.\nWith a Republican ally in the White House, the GOP has moved aggressively on several fronts to rescind some of the Obama administration's final regulations on the environment, financial reporting and now guns. Under an expedited process established through the Congressional Review Act, a regulation is made invalid when a simple majority of both chambers pass a joint resolution of disapproval and the president signs it.\nSen. Charles Grassley, R-Iowa, spearheaded the repeal effort and said the regulation unfairly stigmatizes the disabled and infringes on their constitutional right to bear arms. He said that the mental disorders covered through the regulation are filled with \"vague characteristics that do not fit into the federal mentally defective standard\" prohibiting someone from buying or owning a gun.\nGrassley cited eating and sleep disorders as examples of illnesses that could allow a beneficiary to be reported to the background check system if they also have a third party to manage their benefits.\n\"If a specific individual is likely to be violent due to the nature of their mental illness, then the government should have to prove it,\" Grassley said.\nThe rule isn't scheduled to go into effect until December. It only would apply to those receiving disability benefits. However, someone who is added to the background check system before retirement age would remain there after retirement age.\nSen. Chris Murphy, D-Conn., said he didn't know how he could explain to his constituents that Congress was making it easier rather than harder for people with serious mental illness to have a gun.\n\"If you can't manage your own financial affairs, how can we expect that you're going to be a responsible steward of a dangerous, lethal firearm,\" Murphy said.\nSen. Ron Wyden, D-Ore., argued that anyone who thinks they're treated unfairly can appeal, and are likely to win if they're not a danger to themselves or others. But Grassley said federal law requires a formal hearing and judgment before depriving someone of owning a firearm due to mental illness.\nGun rights groups weren't the only organizations upset about the Obama administration's regulation. The American Civil Liberties Union criticized it, too. The ACLU said the rule advanced a harmful stereotype that people with mental disabilities, \"a vast and diverse group of citizens, are violent.\" More than a dozen advocacy groups for the disabled also opposed the Obama administration's regulation.\nThe NAACP, the United States Conference of Mayors and the National League of Cities supported the Social Security Administration's efforts.\n\"This heartless resolution puts the most vulnerable Americans at risk,\" said Dan Gross, president of the Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence. \"Make no mistake, this vote was really about deepening the gun industry's customer pool, at the expense of those in danger of hurting themselves or others.\"\nMeanwhile, the GOP-led House will seek to rescind more Obama-era regulations later Wednesday, including a Labor Department rule critics say unduly restricts efforts in some states to test unemployment insurance applicants for drug use.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Guns for sale are displayed in the Roseburg Gun Shop in Roseburg, Oregon, Oct. 3, 2015.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B0244C1D-35B2-482F-9DF5-A86E84E92FDD.jpg",
        "id": "22411_1",
        "answer": [
            "people with serious mental illness",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "gun",
            "Guns"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_15_3725780",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_15_3725780_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What thing did the person with the black tie in the image bring up?",
        "context": "EU, China Renew Commitment to Fight Climate Change\nBRUSSELS \u2014\u00a0\nThe European Union and China recommitted Friday to the 2015 Paris climate deal, one day after the United States announced it would withdraw from it.\nIn a joint statement, the EU and China said climate change and clean energy \"will become a main pillar\" of their bilateral partnership.\nEuropean Council President Donald Tusk said the fight against climate change would continue, with or without the United States:\n\"Today, China and Europe have demonstrated solidarity with future generations and responsibilities for the whole planet,\" he said. \"We are convinced that yesterday's decision is a big mistake.\"\nChinese Premier Li Keqiang, in Brussels for an EU-China business summit, said it was important for China and EU relationships to become more stable.\n\"We believe that there have been changes in the international situation, and there will be rising uncertainty and destabilizing factors,\" he said. \"This requires our efforts to resolve existing issues.\"\nOther issues\nBesides climate change, other issues discussed at the summit included trade, investment, the migration crisis, North Korea and the security partnership in Africa.\nFILE - German Chancellor Angela Merkel and Chinese Premier Li Keqiang talk during a contract signing ceremony as part of a meeting at the chancellery in Berlin, June 1, 2017.\nLi had expressed China's continued support for the global climate deal on Thursday during his meeting with German Chancellor Angela Merkel, saying, \"China will stand by its responsibilities on climate change.\"\nEuropean Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker said China agreed with the EU on the \"unhappiness\" about America's unilateral decision to abandon the climate agreement.\nThe 2015 agreement, signed by 195 countries, calls for reducing the impact of climate change by keeping the global temperature rise this century well below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels.\nThe EU and China committed to actions related to climate change, such as developing ways to change into zero-emissions economies, promoting zero-carbon transitions in developing countries and developing long-term decarbonization plans.\nWendel Trio, director of the Climate Action Network Europe, called the EU-China statement a milestone in the history of global climate diplomacy.\n\"This historic partnership to push forward with the Paris Agreement is a significant advance in the fight against climate change. Through deeper cooperation on climate action, the EU and China can propel the global clean energy transition,\" Trio said.\nFILE - Drivers are stuck in a traffic jam near Bad Oldesloe in Germany, July 24, 2016. A study released at that time showed greenhouse gas emissions in the European Union had risen in 2015, the first increase since 2010.\nChina and the EU are two of the three biggest economies in the world with a large carbon footprint. If one of them were to follow the U.S. withdrawal, it's unlikely that the Paris accord would lead to large-scale reduction of emissions.\nPush from Greenpeace\nAnsgar Kiene of the environmental activist group Greenpeace said it was clear from the global response to the American decision that leaders around the world were united in the fight against climate change. But Kiene urged leaders to translate their words into actions.\n\"The EU and China are switching to clean energy production too slowly to keep global temperature rises below levels that will cause catastrophic changes in our climate,\" Kiene said. \"The EU's investment in renewable energy, once the highest in the world, has dropped off in recent years as its targets for renewables were too low compared to the real rate of growth.\"\nChina still produces 62 percent of its energy with coal, according to Greenpeace. But despite its bad record in the past, China's investments in recent years in solar and wind energy have been much larger than those of any other country. Investments in renewable energy in Europe, though, have dropped by half in the past six years.\nIn withdrawing the United States from the climate accord, which was signed by his predecessor, Barack Obama, U.S. President Donald Trump cited the predicted economic burden and job losses associated with complying with the accord as some of his reasons.\n\"The Paris climate accord is simply the latest example of Washington entering into an agreement that disadvantages the United States to the exclusive benefit of other countries,\" Trump said.\nRenegotiation spurned\nTrump said the U.S. could re-enter negotiations on the climate pact, but that idea was dismissed by the EU Commissioner for Climate Action Miguel Arias Ca\u00f1ete, who said Friday that \"the 29 articles of the Paris Agreement are not to be renegotiated, they are to be implemented.\"\nFILE : A driver gets off a loading vehicle at a small coal depot near a coal mine on the outskirts of Jixi, in Heilongjiang province, China, Oct. 23, 2015.\nChina and the European Union wrote in their joint statement that they thought investing in tackling climate change would actually contribute to job creation, investment opportunities and economic growth.\nMany world leaders have condemned the U.S. withdrawal. French President Emmanuel Macron even invited scientists to relocate to France, saying in a speech televised in English, \"Make our planet great again.\"\nThe United States joined Nicaragua and Syria as the only countries in the world that are not part of the Paris Agreement.\n",
        "caption": "From left, European Council President Donald Tusk, Chinese Premier Li Keqiang and EU Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker pose during an EU-China summit in Brussels, Belgium, June 2, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/5A5F8CE0-3822-4E73-9568-591BCECDF027.jpg",
        "id": "23220_1",
        "answer": [
            "climate change"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Donald Tusk"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_02_3884824",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_02_3884824_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What may be the result of the woman in the image selling the object she holds?",
        "context": "How Ebola Impacted Liberia's Appetite for Bushmeat\nWhen Ebola struck Liberia, consumption of bushmeat dropped dramatically. But in an odd twist, poorer households cut their consumption much more than well-to-do households.\nThe findings have implications for public health, as well as wildlife conservation. Education campaigns about the risks and consequences of bushmeat hunting have focused on rural villagers near protected nature reserves.\nBut, it turns out, the more tenacious consumers may be the wealthier city-dwellers.\nBushmeat \u2014 wild animals like monkeys, duikers and pangolins \u2014 is an essential protein source for many rural West Africans, but it's also a favorite of urbanites.\nSatisfying that demand has created, in some places, \"empty forests\" that are otherwise pristine but are devoid of critical wildlife.\nIn addition, bushmeat can spread diseases like Ebola because, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, \"human infections have been associated with hunting, butchering and processing meat from infected animals.\"\nBefore the 2015 Ebola outbreak, Jessica Junker and her colleagues at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology based in Leipzig, Germany, had studied Liberians' preferences for bushmeat compared to chicken or fish.\nTradition, taste\n\"We asked people, 'If you were at a party and you could choose the type of meat you could eat there, what would you like to eat?'\" Junker told VOA. That scenario aimed to take cost out of the equation.\nBushmeat often topped the list.\nPeople prefer the taste, Junker said. Bushmeat also is often cheaper than domesticated meat. Plus, it's a traditional part of their diet.\n\"Many people have told me, 'Well, we've always eaten bushmeat. Our fathers have eaten bushmeat,'\" Junker said.\nWhen Ebola hit, she decided it would be a good time to see how attitudes toward eating wildlife had changed.\nBushmeat consumption dropped, as expected. However, it dropped less among wealthier people.\nRich or poor, before Ebola, people said they ate bushmeat every other day on average. During the outbreak, that dropped to once a month among the lowest-income survey respondents, but once a week among the highest-income respondents.\nIt's not clear why that should be, but Junker notes that poorer people hunt bushmeat themselves. \"During the Ebola crisis, a lot of people didn't leave their houses,\" she said.\nIn the cities, it was illegal to sell bushmeat. But \"there was an underground bushmeat market,\" she said. \"If you wanted to get bushmeat, you could still get it,\" as long as you had money.\nAwareness campaigns\nThe study was published in the journal PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.\nIt presents a challenge for those seeking to preserve wildlife or protect public health.\n\"If you really like something, you're not very likely to change that,\" Junker said. \"Ebola is quite a drastic event, but it doesn't change your preference. You stop eating it because it's dangerous.\"\nShe says her group would like to repeat the survey now that the crisis is over. They suspect that people have gone back to their old eating habits.\nAnd, she notes, the study suggests education efforts may need a change in focus.\n\"Most of the awareness campaigns nowadays are centered around protected areas where the animals actually live. But maybe those are not the people who then consume the bushmeat,\" she noted. \"It might be people much farther away in the urban centers and who need to be educated about the impact this has.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Alice Jallabah, head of a bushmeat seller group, holds dried bushmeat on Oct. 7, 2014, in Monrovia. The outbreak of the Ebola virus in Liberia led to a ban on eating bushmeat.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F602D0DB-1F12-42E0-99E5-F4D303D51B18.jpg",
        "id": "23030_1",
        "answer": [
            "bushmeat can spread diseases like Ebola "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "bushmeat"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_31_3791022",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_31_3791022_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the blonde person in the image trying?",
        "context": "Move Over Obamacare, Trump Plan Is Now the Focus\nSomething new is happening in a health care debate dominated for seven years by the twists and turns of Barack Obama's signature law. The focus has shifted to ideas from President Donald Trump and GOP lawmakers in Congress, and most people don't like what they see.\nWith Republicans in command, their health care proposals as currently formulated have generated far more concern than enthusiasm.\nEven among rank-and-file Republicans, there's opposition to changes that would let insurers charge higher premiums to older adults, and many disapprove of cuts to Medicaid for low-income people, according to a recent poll by The Associated Press-NORC Center for Public Affairs Research. It also found more than half of Republicans at least somewhat worried about leaving more people uninsured, as the House plan is projected to do.\nMarch polls by Fox News and Quinnipiac University showed overall margins of opposition to the GOP proposal nearing or even exceeding those of Obama's Affordable Care Act, or ACA, at its lowest points \u2014 such as when the HealthCare.gov website opened for business in 2013 and promptly crashed.\n\"Republicans are taking ownership of the health care issue, and all the pleasure and pain of health reform,\" said Drew Altman, president of the nonpartisan Kaiser Family Foundation, a clearinghouse for information about the health care system. \"There has been a shift in focus from the ACA itself to the Republican plans, and who might lose benefits as a result.\"\nFILE - Health care professionals join hundreds of people march through downtown Los Angeles protesting President Donald Trump's plan to dismantle the Affordable Care Act, his predecessor's signature health care law, March 23, 2017.\nUninsured numbers tick up\nHighlighting the stakes, the uninsured rate among U.S. adults rose slightly in the first three months of this year, according to an update Monday of a major ongoing survey. The Gallup-Healthways Well-Being Index found that 11.3 percent of adults were uninsured, an increase from 10.9 percent in the last two calendar quarters of 2016.\n\"Only time will tell\" if the uptick means the U.S. is again losing ground on health insurance, said survey director Dan Witters. \"A lot of uncertainty has been introduced into the marketplace through efforts to repeal,\" he said. \"Plus premiums are now realizing a big jump for the first time in the ACA era.\"\nTrump came into office with big, bold health care promises. In a Washington Post interview shortly before his inauguration, he declared his goal was \"insurance for everybody,\" hand-in-hand with affordable coverage, \"lower numbers, much lower deductibles.\" Although Trump said he'd soon release a plan, none appeared.\nInstead, after weeks of laboring behind closed doors, House Republican leaders rolled out a proposal March 6 that the president enthusiastically embraced. But all the efforts of the White House and congressional leadership haven't convinced GOP lawmakers to pass it. Congress is on a two-week break with the health bill in limbo.\nFrustrated, Trump is seeing his promise slip away to quickly repeal Obamacare and replace it with something better. Instead he could get left as the caretaker of the ACA, a law he's repeatedly called a \"disaster\" on account of rising premiums and insurer exits that diminish consumer choice in many communities.\nTrump's personal image has taken a blow, with the AP-NORC poll finding that he gets his worst rating on health care. About 6 in 10 people disapprove of how the president has handled the issue.\n\"It is a major failure that a high priority of President Trump and the congressional Republican leadership leads to no bill, and the bill as proposed becomes unpopular even among their own voters,\" said Robert Blendon, a professor at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, who follows opinion trends on health care. \"It's a real leadership crisis issue.\"\nAmid disapproval of the House GOP plan, some polls have shown improved ratings for the ACA. Gallup, for example, found Obamacare gained majority approval for the first time. But that does not change the fact that Republican voters remain overwhelmingly opposed to Obama's law and want it repealed.\nFILE - House Speaker Paul Ryan, joined by members of the Republican leadership, speaks about getting the failure to pass a health care overhaul bill, on Capitol Hill in Washington, March 28, 2017.\nWhat 'repeal' means\nNonetheless, there's recent evidence that Republicans differ among themselves about what \"repeal\" may mean.\nA Quinnipiac poll last month found that 55 percent of Republicans said Trump and the Republican-led Congress should repeal \"parts\" of Obama's law, while 42 percent said \"all\" of it should go. Only 2 percent of Republicans said the ACA should not be repealed.\nRepublican views compare with 50 percent of the general public who say parts of the ACA should be repealed, 20 percent who say all of it should be repealed, and 27 percent who say it should remain.\nThe divisions among rank-and-file Republicans appear to mirror what's going on in the House, where disagreements among hardliners and moderates are keeping Speaker Paul Ryan, a Republican from Wisconsin, from putting together enough votes to take the bill to the floor.\nTim Malloy, assistant director of the Quinnipiac poll, said, \"You have to figure a lot of people who voted for Trump are on Obamacare.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - President Donald Trump, flanked by Health and Human Services Secretary Tom Price, left, and Vice President Mike Pence speaks to the media regarding the health care reform bill, in the Oval Office of the White House, in Washington, March 24, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B73EEFBD-89AC-4CCC-A41B-623B279BC4B6.jpg",
        "id": "16092_1",
        "answer": [
            "health care proposals",
            "None",
            "to quickly repeal Obamacare and replace it with something better"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Donald Trump",
            "Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_10_3803936",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_10_3803936_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What have the people in the image still not done?",
        "context": "Brazen Overnight Attack in Tikrit Signals IS Resolve\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nIslamic State\u2019s brazen overnight attack on Tikrit, killing at least 31 security personnel and civilians, is part of a series of diversionary attacks designed to mask its mounting losses in Mosul and portray that it has strength elsewhere in Iraq, analysts say.\n\u201cIS might carry these attacks everywhere in Iraq,\u201d said Michael Knights of the Washington Institute for Near East Policy, a research institution.\nEighteen Iraqi police officers were among the dead in a series of coordinated strikes claimed by Islamic State (IS) late Tuesday and into Wednesday.\nDisguised as police\nAuthorities say the attackers disguised themselves in police uniforms and drove police cars to gain access to the city \u2013 once a Baathist stronghold of former Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein.\nThe militants stormed the residence of the city\u2019s police colonel, killing him and several members of his family, according to reports.\nTwo of the suicide bombers killed themselves, exploding the munitions in their vests after they ran out of firepower, according to officials. Five attackers were killed in clashes with Iraqi security forces.\n\"Attacking police is IS '101,'\" analyst Knights said, referring to a term used to describe introductory learning. \u201cThey [authorities] are the face of the government, they collect intelligence from the locals, and they are a soft target.\"\nMosul offensive\nTikrit is 220 kilometers south of Mosul, where the U.S.-led coalition has been pounding IS forces and driving them from the city and its environs.\nU.S. officials have said that while IS remains dangerous, its fighting force in Iraq and Syria has been whittled down to about 12,000 to 15,000 fighters, while the amount of territory the group controls has shrunk by about 65 percent.\nU.S. and Iraqi officials have been concerned that as IS gets routed from its northern Iraq stronghold it will regroup in smaller numbers and conduct terror attacks elsewhere in the country.\n\"IS will not be eradicated from Iraq by a military operation,\" Iraq's Kurdistan Regional Government Prime Minister Nechirvan Barzani said recently in an interview with VOA. \"It may well lose cities like Mosul and [Syria's] Raqqa, but it will remain as an ideology and organization.\"\nFILE - Iran-backed forces allied with Iraqi forces in Ouja, on the southern outskirts of Tikrit, March 26, 2015. The U.S. conditioned its entry into Iraq's battle to retake Tikrit from IS on the withdrawal of Shiite militias from the clearing operation.\nIS took control of Tikrit in 2014 after fierce battles with Iraqi forces that later regained command of the city in 2015. While analysts say it is doubtful IS can regain control of Tikrit, militants likely will continue to try to undermine authority with surprise attacks from small rural bases.\n\"Tikrit is vulnerable, as many areas that surround it have training camps that belong to IS,\" Omar Al Nadawi, an Iraqi affair analyst, told VOA. \"IS will focus on weak areas and cities in order to take the attention away from Mosul.\"\nIS still viable in areas\nAs coalition backed forces focus on Mosul, comprehensive rooting of IS has yet to begin. There are areas in Iraq and Syria, along both the border and in the Euphrates River Valley, where IS still has considerable freedom of movement and influence.\n\"There is a lot of fighting left to go,\" the chairman of the Joint Chiefs, U.S. Marine Corps General Joseph Dunford, said after a visit to Iraq this week.\nMichael Pregent, a former intelligence officer now with the Hudson Institute in Washington, said is adopting an al-Qaida model \"where they don't plant flags, they don't say they own this neighborhood, they don't say they own this town. But they're able to conduct terrorist operations out of them - car bombs, assassinations, start recruiting, start intimidating the reconciliation process.\"\nReferring to Tikrit, he said: \"When they can use police cars and uniforms and stage an attack in the heart of the first city taken from them means that the Iraqi forces should look over their shoulders to see what they did. It shows that the security breach is still a big thing and very vulnerable.\n\"If Mosul falls, it is a great win, but the story with IS is not over,\" Pregent said. \"IS is not going to be eradicated by the loss of their territory. It will find hideouts as long as the Sunni population feels oppressed and does not share the power cake of the country.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Iran-backed forces allied with Iraqi forces in Ouja, on the southern outskirts of Tikrit, March 26, 2015. The U.S. conditioned its entry into Iraq's battle to retake Tikrit from IS on the withdrawal of Shiite militias from the clearing operation.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/782461E7-2540-491F-B830-53DE97A7DE4C.jpg",
        "id": "9297_2",
        "answer": [
            "Carry these attacks everywhere in Iraq",
            "comprehensive rooting of IS"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "forces",
            "Iran-backed forces"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_05_3797840",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_05_3797840_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person surrounded in the image classified as?",
        "context": "'Carlos the Jackal,' 1970s Extremist, Faces Paris Trial\nPARIS \u2014\u00a0\nIlich Ramirez Sanchez, also known as Carlos the Jackal, is due to go on trial Monday for a deadly attack in a Paris' shopping mall decades ago, the oldest one blamed on the former public enemy of France and probably the last one to come to court.\nThe Venezuelan-born Ramirez Sanchez, one of the most notorious political terrorists of the 1970s and `80s, is serving a life sentence in France for a series of murders and attacks he perpetrated or organized in the country on behalf of the Palestinian cause or communist revolution.\nHe first was convicted by a French court 20 years ago, and again in 2011 and 2013. If convicted on first-degree murder charges in the latest trial, he could get a third life sentence.\nRamirez Sanchez, 67, is scheduled to appear in a Paris court for allegedly throwing a hand grenade from a mezzanine restaurant onto a shopping arcade in the French capital's Latin Quarter in September 1974. Two people were killed and dozens injured.\nAt the time of the attack, Ramirez Sanchez had not yet been dubbed \"Carlos the Jackal\" or become one of the world's most wanted fugitives. He was 24 years old and already had joined the organization Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine.\nWhen police arrived, they found a devastated mall with all the windows shattered, multiple bloodstains and a hole in the marble slab of the ground floor where the grenade fell. The two men who died were hit by metal chips that perforated vital organs and caused large internal bleeding, according to court documents.\nCarlos has pleaded innocent and denied involvement in the case. His long-time lawyer and fianc\u00e9, Isabelle Coutant-Peyre, claims that none of the witnesses from the trendy Drugstore Publicis restaurant had described a man resembling her client, and that the whole case was trumped-up.\nYet an Arab language news magazine in France, Al-Watan Al-Arabi, published a long interview with a man it identified as Ramirez Sanchez five years after the attack. He allegedly claimed he had personally thrown the grenade into the restaurant, described the full details of the operation and explained why it was carried out. Carlos later disputed he had given the interview.\nIn the 1979 article, the man said to be Carlos said he attacked the Drugstore Publicis to pressure for the release of a Japanese activist arrested in France two months earlier. The attack, he said, came as a backup operation for a hostage-taking that was then ongoing at the French Embassy in the Netherlands.\nIt was in the name of the Palestinian cause that he subsequently became the military chief of the PFLP in Europe, claiming the \"operational and political responsibility\" for all the operations of the group on the continent and also for \"all the wounded and all the dead,\" according to court documents.\n\"I am a hero of the Palestinian resistance, and I am the only survivor of [the group's] professional executives in Europe because I used to shoot first,\" he told investigators.\nCarlos was arrested in Sudan by the French intelligence services in 1994, 20 years after the first attack blamed on him in France.\nThe case took so long to go to trial because it was first dismissed for lack of evidence before being reopened when Carlos was arrested and imprisoned in France. His lawyers introduced challenges at every stage of the proceedings.\nThe case will be heard by a special court made up of professional judges and with no jurors, as is the custom with terrorism trials in France.\nDuring one interrogation, Carlos allegedly told investigators that \"in 1974 it was obviously an attack. A grenade was thrown.\" He added: \"I don't think the person who did this wanted to hurt the poor people who were present.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Ilich Ramirez Sanchez, known as \"Carlos the Jackal,\" is surrounded by French gendarmes as he leaves the Paris courthouse, March 3, 2014. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D93D66E7-B541-4422-BB93-31C6E3844E6E.jpg",
        "id": "32175_1",
        "answer": [
            "political terrorist"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Ramirez Sanchez"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_12_3762074",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_12_3762074_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who did the person in the image with the red tie meet with?",
        "context": "Why Did Taiwan President Meet with Influential Texas Lawmakers?\nFollowing the 2016 presidential election, President-elect Donald Trump took a call from Taiwanese President Tsai Ing-wen and questioned whether the U.S. should continue following the policy laid out in 1979 recognizing the communist-led People\u2019s Republic of China as the sole government of China, or \u201cone China.\u201d\nWhat\u2019s the Significance of Tsai Ing-wen Meeting Cruz and Abbott?\n0:03:12\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:03:12\n\u25b6\nDirect link\nPop-out player\nThis week, when Tsai was traveling to Central America, she had a brief stopover in Houston, Texas. There, she met with Senator Ted Cruz and Texas Governor Greg Abbott.\nJohn Minnich, senior East Asia analyst with intelligence firm Stratfor says the significance isn\u2019t in the meeting itself, but, \u201cThere is a significance that lays in the broader context of the visit\u2026 and it takes place against the backdrop of real flux in cross strait relations and US-Taiwan relations. I mean this is a moment of incredible uncertainty as to what\u2019s going to happen.\u201d\nMinnich says that Tsai is essentially caught in the middle as the U.S. and China are re-thinking their relationships.\nHowever; Harry Kazianis, the Director of Defense Studies at the Center for the National Interest called the meeting \u201cextremely significant\u2026 because they\u2019re trying to reach out to beyond the Trump camp and to reach out to other mainstream Republicans to try and build these connections and these linkages.\u201d\nNot first meeting in US for Tsai\nWhile in the \u201chere and now,\u201d attention is focused on the Tsai-Cruz-Abbott meeting in Texas, Minnich points out that last year, Tsai met Senator Marco Rubio in Florida, so this type of meeting isn\u2019t a first of its kind.\nKazianis also emphasized its \u201clow-key\u201d nature and how Taiwan doesn\u2019t necessarily want to upset the status quo.\nBut as Minnich points out \u201con the most fundamental level, Taiwan sovereignty is an issue of other countries\u2026 and with that in mind, Taiwan is in a very precarious situation right now because\u2026 China has been very adamant [and] steadfast in working to further isolate Taiwan diplomatically.\u201d\nSen. Ted Cruz, R-Texas, walks from Trump Tower, Nov. 15, 2016, in New York.\nWhy meet with Tsai?\n\u201cI think that Senator Cruz has made it very clear that he\u2019s interested in Asia policy, he\u2019s very interested also trying to build ties with Taiwan for his state,\u201d said Kazianis, noting that there\u2019s a significant trade relationship between the US and Taiwan.\n\u201cSo we\u2019re talking about billions and billions of dollars in bilateral trade,\u201d he added, \u201cand I think that\u2019s very important for individual states to try and work with Taiwan\u2026 and for Taiwan it\u2019s very important. It\u2019s difficult for them to increase the bilateral relationship as much as they want with the United States, but individual states can do that very reasonably and very effectively.\u201d\nChina has established the adherence of the \u201cone China\u201d policy as the basis for continued relations with Beijing. And because it has a robust military and is the second largest world economy with global ties, Kazianis suggests \u201cno country is going to change the \u201cone China\u201d policy\u2026 however, there\u2019s a lot of room to maneuver just below that threshold.\u201d\nIf a country does decide to break with that, Minnich says China would respond \u201cthrough diplomatic isolation and military intimidation of Taiwan to compel Taiwan to back off\u2026 but also do what it can through economic coercion to affect that country.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "Sen. Ted Cruz, R-Texas, walks from Trump Tower, Nov. 15, 2016, in New York.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F0335706-B147-4563-B862-07D5FC7D2D9A.jpg",
        "id": "4421_2",
        "answer": [
            "Tsai Ing-wen"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Cruz"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_13_3674951",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_13_3674951_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What nation criticized the attack in the image?",
        "context": "Diplomats Condemn, Vow to Investigate Alleged Chemical Attack in Syria\nTop diplomats are condemning what appears to be a chemical weapons attack that killed least 58 people and injured more than 200 others Tuesday in Syria.\nThe use of chemical weapons has not been confirmed, but ambassadors have been quick to speak out against the use of these weapons at large.\n\"The reports we are receiving strongly suggest the use of chemical weapons,\" British foreign minister Boris Johnson said. \"And although we cannot yet be certain about what has happened, this bears all the hallmarks of an attack by the regime, which has repeatedly used chemical weapons.\"\n\u201cThe United Kingdom condemns the use of chemical weapons wherever and by whomever they are used and we will continue to lead international efforts to hold perpetrators to account,\" he continued.\nJohnson stated Britain supported the work of the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons and would work with them to investigate this attack.\n\"The OPCW\u2019s Fact Finding Mission is in the process of gathering and analyzing information from all available sources,\" the organization said Tuesday. \"The OPCW strongly condemns the use of chemical weapons by anyone, anywhere and under any circumstances.\"\nU.N. ambassadors have also condemned the attack, calling for a meeting of the Security Council to discuss a formal investigation.\n\u201cI am horrified by what has happened in Idlib,\" British U.N. ambassador Matthew Rycroft said. \"We do not have all the information yet, but the attack bears all the hallmarks of yet another deliberate campaign by the Syrian regime and their military backers, to use chemical weapons.\"\n\"The United Kingdom and France have called for an emergency meeting of the Security Council as soon as the U.S. presidency [of the Council for the month of April] can schedule it to take forward our determination to put an end to these heinous attacks and to make sure that justice can be done for the victims,\" he said.\nU.S. Senator Ben Cardin, said the attack \"looks like it\u2019s a serious chemical agent\". \"This could only be done by Assad's regime,\" he said.\n",
        "caption": "Turkish experts evacuate a victim of a suspected chemical weapons attacks in the Syrian city of Idlib, at a local hospital in Reyhanli, Turkey, April 4, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/36163825-A241-484B-A271-DB724EE4797A.jpg",
        "id": "1214_1",
        "answer": [
            "United Kingdom",
            "The United Kingdom",
            "British",
            "Britain"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "chemical weapons attacks",
            "chemical weapons",
            "suspected chemical weapons attacks",
            "Idlib"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_04_3795761",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_04_3795761_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who did the people in the image hope sees their message?",
        "context": "Thousands of Kosovo Albanians Call for Ex-premier's Release in France\nPRISTINA, KOSOVO \u2014\u00a0\nThousands of people protested Saturday in the Kosovo capital of Pristina to urge France to release their former prime minister who was detained there on a Serbian arrest warrant.\nThe protesters -- mostly opposition party members and former guerrilla fighters of the 1998-1999 war for independence from Serbia -- consider Ramush Haradinaj's detention illegal.\nHaradinaj, also a former guerrilla commander, was released by a French court, but he must stay in France under judicial supervision, pending a decision on whether to extradite him to Serbia.\nKosovo considers Haradinaj's detention a political move from Belgrade, given that he has been twice cleared of war crimes charges by a U.N. tribunal.\nFatmir Limaj of the opposition Initiative for Kosovo party also said at the protest that Pristina should cancel talks with Belgrade brokered by the European Union to normalize their relations. Kosovo declared independence from Serbia in 2008, but Belgrade has not recognized the move.\nHaradinaj hailed the protest Saturday in his Facebook page.\n\"I understand your great unsparing support, all around the world, as a support for Kosovo's freedom and existence,\" he wrote.\nHaradinaj's detention in early January and Serbia's effort days later to send a nationalist train to Kosovo's northern Mitrovica region, where most of its Serb ethnic minority lives, have sparked a bilateral crisis and concern from the EU and the United States.\nThe train, with the slogan \"Kosovo is Serbia\" and decorated in the colors of the Serbian flag and with Christian Orthodox symbols, was turned back from the border with Kosovo.\nNext week, the leaders of Kosovo and Serbia are expected to meet in Brussels, invited by the EU's foreign policy chief, Federica Mogherini.\nSerbia, backed by Russia, has sought to maintain influence in Kosovo. NATO-led troops have controlled Kosovo's territory since a three-month air war in 1999 to stop a bloody Serbian crackdown against ethnic Albanian separatists.\n",
        "caption": "Thousands of protesters waving Albanian, Kosovan and U.S flags march during a protest demanding the immediate release from French judicial supervision of Ramush Haradinaj, Kosovo's former prime minister and a former guerrilla fighter, in Kosovo's capital Pristina, Jan 21, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/9C6A4744-B514-4D84-8D2C-6479A5C43AA3.jpg",
        "id": "8026_1",
        "answer": [
            "France"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "protest",
            "protesters"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_21_3686380",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_21_3686380_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What job did the person with the beige hat in the image have?",
        "context": "Mali President Keita Names Loyalist Cabinet Ahead of 2018 Elections\nBAMAKO \u2014\u00a0\nMali's President Ibrahim Boubacar Keita announced a new government on Tuesday stocked with loyalists seen as helping him prepare for a re-election bid next year.\nThe government, announced in a presidential decree, includes 10 new ministers and 25 holdovers from the previous cabinet.\nTieman Hubert Coulibaly, a former defense minister and close Keita ally, was handed the crucial post of minister of territorial administration, charged with organizing presidential and parliamentary elections late next year.\nThe shake-up follows Keita's nomination at the weekend of Adboulaye Idrissa Maiga, another close ally and the defense minister in the previous government, as prime minister.\nMali's government is struggling to contain militancy in its north, where rival tribal militias frequently clash and Islamist groups launch attacks on civilians, Malian soldiers, U.N. peacekeepers and French forces there.\nIslamist fighters, some linked to al-Qaida, seized northern Mali in 2012 before being driven out of major cities and towns by a French-led military intervention a year later.\nTiena Coulibaly, ambassador to the United States, was named the new defense minister.\n",
        "caption": "Malian newly appointed Prime Minister Abdoulaye Idrissa Maiga (L) listens to his predecessor Modibo Keita (R), April 10, 2017, during the handover ceremony in Bamako, two days after his nomination.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/6CD20E3F-D445-4B98-BD89-A51923DD5131.jpg",
        "id": "20733_1",
        "answer": [
            "defense minister",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Adboulaye Idrissa Maiga",
            "Abdoulaye Idrissa Maiga"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_11_3806143",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_11_3806143_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What foreign country might be involved against the soldiers in the event shown in the image?",
        "context": "Afghan Official: Russian Advisers Help Taliban in Contested Province\nRussia's role in Afghanistan was questioned again Tuesday when the provincial police chief in Uruzgan told Afghan media that intelligence reports showed visiting Russian generals were providing Taliban militants with weapons and training.\n\"Eleven Russians, including two women, dressed in doctor's uniforms and guarded by four armed Taliban, along with an Afghan translator, have been spotted in various parts of the province,\" Ghulam Farooq Sangari, Uruzgan police chief, told VOA's Afghan service. \"They have been enticing people against the government, providing training and teaching how to assemble land mines.\"\nUruzgan province, Afghanistan\nRussian military advisers have been spotted twice recently near Tirinkot, the Uruzgan capital, Haji Abdul Bari, a tribal elder in the province, told VOA.\nTaliban connections with Russia have increasingly come under the spotlight as Moscow seeks to increase its influence in the nation it once occupied and to counter Islamic State expansion from Afghanistan to neighboring Central Asian countries.\nRussia pledges peace effort\nMounting allegations of Russian military involvement on the ground in Afghanistan have drawn concern from U.S. and Afghan authorities that Russia is working behind the scenes to help the Taliban battle Afghan forces and militant groups in the country, like IS.\nRussia has acknowledged political ties with the Taliban. But Russian officials say Moscow is not supplying Taliban militants with arms and training. They assert that their contacts with the Taliban are aimed at facilitating the peace process in Afghanistan.\nOver the weekend, the Russian Embassy in Kabul issued a statement saying the Russian military was not helping Taliban militants.\n\"It is surprising that statesmen, deputies and high-ranking police officers, based on rumors and conjectures and without providing the public any evidence, allow themselves to publicly make irresponsible accusations against Russia in financing and supporting terrorism,\" the Russian statement said.\nFILE - Afghan villagers gather around victims of clashes between Taliban and Afghan security forces in the Taliban-controlled Buz-e Kandahari village in Kunduz province, Afghanistan, Nov. 4, 2016.\nBut the allegations of Russian-Taliban military ties are growing.\nThe governor of Kunduz province said last month that the Taliban were asking Moscow for weapons and training to counter the expanding influence of IS groups in various parts of the country.\nIn Helmand province\nDespite the Russian denial, analysts say signs of Moscow's assistance to the Taliban have been felt in Afghanistan.\nKabul-based Taliban expert Wahid Muzhda this month told VOA that Moscow had provided the Taliban with a well-equipped mobile clinic, along with a large supply of medicine to treat injured Taliban fighters in Helmand province, which borders Uruzgan.\nA number of Afghan lawmakers accused Russia of allowing its military personnel to visit Taliban locations near the border with Pakistan, after a Russian military delegation visited the Waziristan tribal region in Pakistan \u2014 a sign of Moscow's deepening relations with Islamabad, which has been supporting the Taliban in Afghanistan.\nThe Afghan Foreign Ministry said it was investigating the reports.\nKabul and Washington, increasingly wary of the deepening ties between Russia and the Taliban, say Moscow's alliance with the militant group could complicate an already precarious security situation in the country.\n\"I believe what Russia is attempting to do is they are attempting to be an influential party in this part of the world,\" General Joseph Votel, chief of U.S. Central Command, told U.S. lawmakers last month. \"I think it is fair to assume they may be providing some sort of support to [the Taliban] in terms of weapons or other things that may be there.\"\nVOA's Afghan service contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "Afghan security forces take position during a gun battle between Taliban and Afghan security forces in Laghman province, Afghanistan, March 1, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/14DFC278-F8DF-4D97-852A-9F71DEA5C9DE.jpg",
        "id": "25432_1",
        "answer": [
            "Russia "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "battle"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_11_3806102",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_11_3806102_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who is the person with the red tie in the image trying to communicate with?",
        "context": "Trump Transition Team Raised Flags About Flynn, Russia Contacts\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nIn late November, a member of Donald Trump's transition team approached national security officials in the Obama White House with a curious request: Could the incoming team get a copy of the classified CIA profile on Sergey Kislyak, Russia's ambassador to the United States?\nMarshall Billingslea, a former Pentagon and NATO official, wanted the information for his boss, Michael Flynn, who had been tapped by Trump to serve as White House national security adviser.\nBillingslea knew Flynn would be speaking to Kislyak, according to two former Obama administration officials, and seemed concerned Flynn did not fully understand he was dealing with a man rumored to have ties to Russian intelligence agencies.\nFILE - National Security Adviser Michael Flynn speaks during the daily news briefing at the White House, in Washington, Feb. 1, 2017.\nTo the Obama White House, Billingslea's concerns were startling: a member of Trump's own team suggesting the incoming Trump administration might be in over its head in dealing with an adversary.\nThe request now stands out as a warning signal for Obama officials who would soon see Flynn's contacts with the Russian spiral into a controversy that would cost him his job and lead to a series of shocking accusations hurled by Trump against his predecessor's administration.\nGrew distrustful\nIn the following weeks, the Obama White House would grow deeply distrustful of Trump's dealing with the Kremlin and anxious about his team's ties. The concern -- compounded by surge of new intelligence, including evidence of multiple calls, texts and at least one in-person meeting between Flynn and Kislyak -- would eventually grow so great Obama advisers delayed telling Trump's team about plans to punish Russia for its election meddling.\nObama officials worried the incoming administration might tip off Moscow, according to one Obama adviser.\nThe Trump White House declined to comment.\nThis account of the closing days of the Obama administration is based on interviews with 11 current and former U.S. officials, including seven with key roles in the Obama administration.\nThe officials reveal an administration gripped by mounting anxiety over Russia's election meddling and racing to grasp the Trump team's possible involvement before exiting the White House. Most of the officials spoke on the condition of anonymity in order to discuss sensitive national security information.\nThe Obama White House's role in the Russia controversy will come under fresh scrutiny Monday.\nThree officials from former President Barack Obama's administration, from left, former Director of National Intelligence James Clapper, former Deputy Attorney General Sally Yates and former CIA Director John Brennan.\nFormer Director of National Intelligence James Clapper and former deputy Attorney General Sally Yates are slated to testify before lawmakers on the Senate Judiciary Committee, one of three committees investigating Trump's associates links to Moscow.\nTrump has said he has no nefarious ties to Russia and isn't aware of any involvement by his aides in Moscow's interference in the election. He's dismissed an FBI and congressional investigations into his campaign's possible ties to the election meddling as a ``hoax'' driven by Democrats bitter over losing the White House.\nTo testify\nYates, an Obama administration official who carried over into the Trump administration, is expected to tell lawmakers that she expressed alarm to the Trump White House about Flynn's contacts with the Russian ambassador.\nTrump fired Yates days later, after she told the Justice Department to not enforce the new president's travel and immigration ban. Flynn was forced to resign three weeks later for misleading Vice President Mike Pence and other officials about the content of his discussions with Kislyak.\nYates's warnings about Flynn in January capped weeks of building concern among top Obama officials.\nThe president himself that month told one of his closest advisers that the FBI, which by then had been investigating Trump associates' possible ties to Russia for about six months, seemed particularly focused on Flynn.\nFILE - Retired Gen. Michael Flynn, left and President Donald Trump at rally.\nObama aides described Flynn as notably dismissive of the threat Russia posed to the United States when discussing policy in transition meetings with outgoing national security adviser Susan Rice and other top officials.\nOfficials also found it curious that Billingslea only ever asked Obama's National Security Council for one classified leadership profile to give to Flynn: the internal document on Kislyak.\nThe CIA compiles classified biographies of foreign officials, known as leadership profiles. The profiles include U.S. intelligence assessments about the officials, in addition to biographical information.\nRefused to comment\nWhen reached by the AP, Billingslea refused to comment. Last month, Trump announced his intention to nominate Billingslea to serve as assistant secretary for terrorist financing at the Treasury Department.\nTrump has accused Obama officials of illegally leaking classified information about Flynn's contacts with Kislyak. He's also contended, without evidence, that Rice asked for the names of Trump officials caught up in routine intelligence monitoring to be improperly revealed, a charge Rice has denied.\nThe distrust in the other camp was clear months earlier. In late December, as the White House prepared to levy sanctions and oust Russians living in the in the U.S. in retaliation for the hacks, Obama officials did not brief the Trump team on the decision until shortly before it was announced publicly.\nThe timing was chosen in part because they feared the transition team might give Moscow lead time to clear information out of two compounds the U.S. was shuttering, one official said.\nWhile it's not inappropriate for someone in Flynn's position to have contact with a diplomat, Obama officials said the frequency of his discussions raised enough red flags that aides discussed the possibility Trump was trying to establish a one-to-one line of communication -- a so-called back channel -- with Russian President Vladimir Putin.\nFILE - Russia's ambassador to the U.S. Sergey Kislyak, speaks with reporters in Washington.\nObama aides say they never determined why Flynn was in close contact with the ambassador.\nEven with the suspicion, the officials said they did not withhold information.\nThe outgoing White House also became concerned about the Trump team's handling of classified information.\nDocuments copied, removed\nAfter learning that highly sensitive documents from a secure room at the transition's Washington headquarters were being copied and removed from the facility, Obama's national security team decided to only allow the transition officials to view some information at the White House, including documents on the government's contingency plans for crises.\nSome White House advisers now privately concede that the administration moved too slowly during the election to publicly blame Russia for the hack and explore possible ties to the Trump campaign.\nOthers say it was only after the election, once Obama ordered a comprehensive review of the election interference, that the full scope of Russia's interference and potential Trump ties become clearer.\n",
        "caption": "From left, President Donald Trump and former national security adviser Micheal Flynn.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/86A8FBFB-3BF3-4AA7-B8A8-9371FAEA4624.jpg",
        "id": "9839_1",
        "answer": [
            "national security officials in the Obama White House",
            "Russian President Vladimir Putin",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Donald Trump",
            "Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_06_3840785",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_06_3840785_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person on the right of the image point out?",
        "context": "US Criticizes Russian Build-up Near Baltic States\nVILNIUS \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. Defense Secretary Jim Mattis on Tuesday criticized what he called a destabilizing Russian military build-up near Baltic states and officials suggested the United States could deploy Patriot missiles in the region for NATO exercises in the summer.\nU.S. allies are jittery ahead of war games by Russia and Belarus in September that could involve up to 100,000 troops and include nuclear weapons training \u2014the biggest such exercise since 2013.\nThe drills could see Russian troops on the border with Poland, Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia.\nRussia has also deployed Iskander missiles in Kaliningrad, its enclave on the Baltic Sea. It said the deployment was part of routine drills, but U.S. officials worry that it may represent a permanent upgrade to Kaliningrad's missile capability.\nAsked during a trip to Lithuania about the Russian missile deployment, Mattis told a news conference: \"Any kind of buildup like that is simply destabilizing.\"\nThe United States is ruling out any direct response to the Russian drills or the potential missile deployment.\nBut at the same time, U.S. officials, speaking on condition of anonymity, raised the possibility that a Patriot missile battery could be deployed briefly to the Baltic region during upcoming NATO exercises in July that focus on air defense, known as Tobruk Legacy.\nOne of the officials said Patriots had not been previously deployed to the Baltics, although they had been in Poland. The officials stressed the Patriots, if deployed, would be withdrawn when the drills were concluded. That would likely happen before the Russian drills began, they said.\nMattis declined to comment directly on the possible Patriot deployment when asked by reporters after talks in Vilnius.\n\"The specific systems that we bring are those that we determine necessary,\" Mattis said, saying that NATO capabilities in the region were purely defensive.\nIt was Mattis first trip to the Baltic states, who fear a repeat of Russia's 2014 annexation of Ukraine's Crimean peninsula. The Baltic states are concerned about their lack of air defenses and are weighing upgrades in their military hardware.\nAsked about any future Patriot deployment, Lithuania's President Dalia Grybauskaite, standing next to Mattis, said: \"We need all necessary means for defence and for deterrence, and that's what we'll decide together.\"\nThe scale of this year's Russian Zapad exercises, which date from Soviet times when they were first used to test new weapon systems, is one of NATO's most pressing concerns. Diplomats say the war games are no simple military drill.\nEstonian Defense Minister Margus Tsahkna told Reuters last month NATO governments had intelligence suggesting Moscow may leave Russian soldiers in Belarus once the Zapad 2017 exercises are over, also pointing to public data of Russian railway traffic to Belarus.\nMoscow denies any plans to threaten NATO and says it is the U.S.-led alliance that is risking stability in eastern Europe.\nThe Kremlin has not said how many troops will take part in Zapad 2017.\n",
        "caption": "U.S. Secretary of Defense Jim Mattis greets Lithuania's Minister of Defense Raimundas Karoblis, left, Estonia's Minister of Defense Margus Tsahkna, right, and Latvia's Minister of Defense Raimonds Bergmanis, during a meeting in Vilnius, Lithuania, May 10, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/97D25233-1B2B-4609-AB3E-87AADCAA6D0B.jpg",
        "id": "29763_1",
        "answer": [
            "intelligence suggesting Moscow may leave Russian soldiers in Belarus"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Margus Tsahkna"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_10_3845823",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_10_3845823_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "How many things were captured by the party of the person in green in the image?",
        "context": "Tokyo Voters Turn Away From Party of Scandal-Plagued Japanese PM\nJapanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe is promising to work to regain trust after his Liberal Democratic party was trounced in Sunday's Tokyo municipal election.\nThe LDP is expected to finish with just 23 seats in the new assembly - a sharp drop from the 57 seats it has held.\nTokyo Governor Yuriko Koikie's Tokyo Citizens First Party and its allies will win at least 72 of the assembly's 127 seats.\nJapanese political observers say the Tokyo election was less about Koikie and more of a referendum on Abe, who has been plagued by scandal.\nThe prime minister has been accused of using his position to help a friend win approval for a veterinary school inside a special economic zone - something the Japanese government rarely does.\nSpecial economic zones operate under different business and trade laws than the rest of the country.\nAbe, who denies the allegations, has generally been a popular prime minister since taking office in 2012, but the scandal has hurt his popularity ratings.\nAbe is thought to be striving to stay in office at least thorough the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyom, but some Japanese observers speculate Koikie may be interested in his job.\nThe prime minister also has been strongly pushing for a revision to the Japanese constitution, which was drawn up by the United States after World War II and formally renounces militarism.\n",
        "caption": "FILE : Tokyo Governor and head of Tokyo Citizens First party Yuriko Koike (R) delivers a speech to voters atop of a campaign van as election campaign officially kicks off for Tokyo Metropolitan Assembly election, on the street in Tokyo, June 23, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/BEAD5BEB-CB76-4068-9E27-7D16F01AED1A.jpg",
        "id": "32917_1",
        "answer": [
            "72"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Yuriko Koikie"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_02_3925080",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_02_3925080_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What things do the people being supported in the image want?",
        "context": "Israel: No Talks With Palestinian Inmates on Hunger Strike\nJERUSALEM \u2014\u00a0\nIsrael will not negotiate with hundreds of Palestinian prisoners who launched a hunger strike to press for better conditions, a government minister said Tuesday, adding that the organizer of the protest has been placed in solitary confinement.\nIf sustained, the strike led by Marwan Barghouti, a Palestinian leader jailed during the second Palestinian uprising, would be the largest in recent years.\nIt could heighten Israeli-Palestinian tensions at a time of renewed U.S. attempts to restart stalled peace negotiations. Israeli rule over the West Bank and east Jerusalem, territories captured during the 1967 war and claimed by the Palestinians as part of a future state, reaches the half-century mark in June.\nThe Palestinian prisoners seek better conditions, including more contact with relatives, and an end to Israel's practice of detentions without trials.\nIsraeli officials said some 1,100 prisoners joined the strike Monday.\nPalestinian officials and activists put the number of hunger strikers at 1,300 and 1,500, respectively, saying it is difficult to get updates from inside the prisons.\nThey said some 6,500 Palestinians are currently in Israeli lockups. Israel calls them security prisoners \u2014 held for offenses ranging from stone throwing and membership in outlawed groups to carrying out attacks that killed or wounded Israelis. Several hundred are being detained without charges.\nBarghouti, the strike leader, is a prominent figure in the Fatah movement of Western-backed Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas. Polls suggest that Barghouti, 58, is the most popular choice among Palestinians to succeed the 82-year-old Abbas.\nBarghouti, a leader of the 2000 Palestinian uprising, is serving five life terms after being convicted by an Israeli court of directing two shooting attacks and a bombing that killed five people, including three Israelis. Barghouti, who disputed the court's jurisdiction and didn't mount a defense, has been in prison since 2002.\nIn an opinion piece published this week in The New York Times, Barghouti alleged that Palestinian prisoners and detainees in Israel \"have suffered from torture, inhumane and degrading treatment, and medical negligence.\" He said he organized the hunger strike to fight back, after exhausting all other options.\nIsraeli Minister of Public Security Gilad Erdan said Tuesday that he believes the strike is politically motivated and that the prisoners have no legitimate complaints.\n\"These are terrorists and incarcerated murderers who are getting exactly what the international law requires,\" he told Israel's Army Radio. \"My policy is that you can't negotiate with prisoners such as these... There is no reason to give them additional conditions in addition to what they already receive.\"\nHe said Israel has established field hospitals outside the prisons to respond to any immediate medical needs.\nErdan said Barghouti was transferred to another prison in northern Israel and was placed in solitary confinement.\n\"It doesn't have to do with publishing the article [in the New York Times] but rather that he is instigating mutiny and leading the hunger strike and that is a severe violation of the rules of the prison,'' he said.\nIssa Qarakeh, a Palestinian government official dealing with prisoners, said most of those who joined the hunger strike were Fatah supporters. He said about 170 prisoners from Fatah rivals Hamas and Islamic Jihad also participated.\n",
        "caption": "People hold banners during a rally in support of Palestinian prisoners in the West bank City of Bethlehem, April 17, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/740EADFF-27F8-4662-81DB-FE9B965DC83C.jpg",
        "id": "7985_1",
        "answer": [
            "better conditions, including more contact with relatives, and an end to Israel's practice of detentions without trials"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Palestinian prisoners",
            "People"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_18_3814870",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_18_3814870_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the role of the person in the image with black hair?",
        "context": "In India, Concerns About Media Freedom After Raids on Broadcaster\nNEW DELHI \u2014\u00a0\nIndia\u2019s Information and broadcasting minister, M. Venkaiah Naidu has refuted allegations that raids carried out by the country\u2019s main investigative agency on a top broadcaster were an infringement on press freedom.\nHis comments on Wednesday came in response to widespread concern that the action against the promoters of a TV news channel that has often been critical of the government\u2019s policies could undermine press freedom in the world\u2019s largest democracy.\nGovernment action\nThe Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) searched several premises of Prannoy and Radhika Roy, the promoters of NDTV news channel, earlier this week after receiving a private complaint that they caused a loss of loss of $7.5 million to a private bank from which they had taken a loan.\nThe promoters have denied claims of financial wrongdoing and said in a statement that the entire loan amount was paid in full seven years ago. It called the raids a \u201cwitch hunt\u201d and an attack on press freedom.\nMinister Naidu defended the action saying the law was taking its course. \u201cThe management and promoters have to stand scrutiny and answer to the people,\u201d he said.\nBut that has done little to allay the concerns of critics who point out that the complaint which prompted the raids did not even come from the bank which CBI alleges made the losses.\nPolitical move?\nBhaskar Roy, head of the Center of Media Studies in New Delhi, sees a \u201cpolitical angle\u201d behind the CBI action against the NDTV promoters and says the reasons put out for the raids don\u2019t add up. \u201cThe point I am making is, these are all silly reasons to somehow put them under pressure. It is muzzling independent press,\u201d he told VOA.\nThe influential Editors Guild of India has expressed concern and condemned \u201cany attempt to muzzle the media.\u201d Many journalists have said that the raids raise disturbing questions.\n\u201cIt\u2019s very troubling and the answers have not come,\u201d said independent political analyst Neerja Chowdhury in New Delhi. \u201cFor the moment what has come out does not sort of merit a CBI raid.\u201d\nBroadcaster is defiant\nNDTV has said on its website that \"We will not succumb to these attempts to blatantly undermine democracy and free speech in India.\"\nThe raids took place a day after an argument on television between the spokesman of the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party, Sambit Patra and a news anchor who asked him to apologize for his comment that the channel had an agenda.\nThis is not the first time that NDTV has had a brush with the government. Last year, the government imposed an unusual, one-day ban on NDTV Hindi channel saying it had disclosed sensitive information on a terror attack, but following an outcry it revoked the ban.\nMessage from government\nChowdhury sees the latest action against the channel's promoters as a message from Prime Minister Narendra Modi's Hindu nationalist government to the media: \u201cThe message would be, don\u2019t be critical. I wont even say critical, questioning.\u201d\nThe spotlight on media freedom in India came after this year's World Press Freedom Index compiled by Reporters Without Borders downgraded India\u2019s ranking by three places citing concerns about Hindu nationalists trying to purge all manifestations of \u201canti-national\u201d thought from the national debate. Placing India at 136 out of 180 countries, the report said this had resulted in \u201cgrowing self censorship in the mainstream media.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "Indian PM Narendra Modi, right, talks to media upon his arrival at the parliament house as Venkaiah Naidu stands along in New Delhi, India, April 25, 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/756C29DA-676D-4F1C-A61E-AE31F3D494EB.jpg",
        "id": "7570_1",
        "answer": [
            "India\u2019s Information and broadcasting minister"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Venkaiah Naidu"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_07_3890302",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_07_3890302_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Why are people concerned about the man waving in the image?",
        "context": "Nigerian Civil Society Leaders Urge Buhari to Take Medical Leave \nNigeria's ailing President Muhammadu Buhari, who had nearly two month's medical treatment in Britain earlier this year, should take medical leave immediately, civil society leaders have said in an open letter.\nThe 74-year-old president returned home in March and said he would need more rest and health tests. Details of his medical condition were not disclosed.\nIn a letter titled \"President Buhari should take medical leave immediately\", a group of political activists noted his absence from the last two weekly cabinet meetings and speculation about his ability to run Africa's most populous nation and biggest economy.\n\"We are compelled to advise him to heed the advice of his personal physicians by taking a rest to attend to his health without any further delay,\" they said in the letter dated May 1.\nThe letter was signed by 13 civil society leaders including human rights lawyer Femi Falana and Jibrin Ibrahim, an academic at a think-tank based in the capital Abuja.\nBuhari's spokesman could not immediately be reached for comment.\nGarba Shehu, one of the president's spokesmen, last week said the president received daily briefings on activities of government and met his vice president regularly.\nHe also said Buhari was spending most of his time in his private residence, which is equipped as an office, adding that he had gone through the worst period of his recovery in London.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Nigeria President Muhammadu Buhari, waves after a meeting in Abuja, Nigeria, Jan. 9, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/525CFA5D-BC51-4930-A1B5-159038140724.jpg",
        "id": "23837_1",
        "answer": [
            "his absence from the last two weekly cabinet meetings and speculation about his ability to run Africa's most populous nation and biggest economy"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Buhari"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_02_3834137",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_02_3834137_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What allows for the people in the image to be punished?",
        "context": "Amnesty Condemns Caning of Gay Men in Indonesia\nAs local activists say caning as a punishment in Indonesia's Aceh province is increasing in use and severity, the public caning of two gay men is being questioned by some residents.\nAmnesty International has called the punishment, meted out by a religious court in the province which adheres to Sharia or Islamic law, a flagrant violation of international human rights law and says it \"may amount to torture.\"\nSupriyadi Widodo Eddyono, the executive director of the Institute for Criminal Justice Reform, told VOA Indonesia that there have been marked changes in the practice of caning in Aceh since last year \u2014 the number of those punished is increasing, as is the severity of the sentences.\n\"There were at least 350 people caned in 2016 and it's a significant increase,\" he said. \"The increase is not just about the number of convicts, but also the severity of the punishments. Caning used to be a social sanction to embarrass or create a deterrent effect, but now to actually harm a person.\"\nFILE - A police officer escort two men convicted of gay sex to be publicly caned at a mosque in Banda Aceh, Aceh province Indonesia, May 23, 2017.\nAlthough the punishment drew a crowd Tuesday, not all Acehnese support the practice. Uzair, who was in attendance, told VOA Indonesia that most citizens are skeptical about the implementation of Qanun Jinayat, the part of Sharia that governs the punishment for immoral acts. The section covering same-sex relations, Article 63 (1), states any people found guilty face a maximum sentence of 100 lashes or pay a maximum fine of 1,000 grams of pure gold or face 100-month imprisonment.\nHundreds of local residents gathered in front of Syiah Kuala Mosque in Banda Aceh, the capital of Aceh province, to watch the caning of eight people, including the two gay men who received the most severe punishments.\nWearing white gowns, the two men stood on a stage praying while a team of hooded men lashed their backs with a cane 83 times. The pair, aged 20 and 23, were found in bed together after local residents who suspected they were gay entered their boarding house in March. The men were detained and sentenced to 85 lashes on May 17 by the Banda Aceh Sharia Court, a punishment which was reduced to reflect time served.\nThey were the first gay men caned under Sharia law in Aceh. Consensual same-sex relations are not treated as crimes under the Indonesian Criminal Code, according to Amnesty International. Sharia bylaws have been in force in Aceh since the enactment of the province's Special Autonomy Law in 2001, and the province fully enacted a strict Islamic criminal code in 2014. It is enforced by Islamic courts.\n\"Many Acehnese and even Indonesians are skeptical [about caning] \u2026 because it's only punishing immoral acts such as gambling, drinking, prostitution or gay acts, but never those who are corrupt,\" Uzair said.\nTwo men convicted of gay sex, center, are surrounded as Shariah law officials escort them to a mosque to be publicly caned in Banda Aceh, Aceh province, Indonesia, May 23, 2017.\n\"This law is only used to punish us, the people, not the officials,\" he added, describing a case of a local official caught hiring prostitutes. \"He was not punished at all. Our local leader argued that there was no evidence. We are speechless.\"\nUzair went on to say people do not speak up about the authorities' use of Qanun Jinayat.\n\"We live in an age and area where the silent majority or the voice of the ordinary people are not heard enough, because there are voices of conservative groups who talk loudly,\" he said. \"If we say something that is considered contrary to their view, we will be accused as infidel or anti-Islam.\"\nIn April after the two men were detained, Widodo's organization issued a statement against the use of Qanun Jinayat in Aceh, saying the practice had the potential to cause discrimination of the LGBT community and other groups.\n\"The state has gone too far by interfering on the private affairs of its citizens and making their personal matters a public affair. This will eventually lead to discrimination and injustice against vulnerable groups, including LGBT communities.\"\nThis report originated with VOA Indonesia.\n",
        "caption": "Shariah law official whips one of two men convicted of gay sex during a public caning outside a mosque in Banda Aceh, Aceh province, Indonesia, May 23, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F54DAD59-F4A1-4A74-9F82-82645D4A6A6C.jpg",
        "id": "2421_1",
        "answer": [
            "Sharia bylaws"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Aceh"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_24_3869477",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_24_3869477_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who did the country of the person in the image accuse of the attack?",
        "context": "Wave of Terrorist Attacks Leaves Pakistan on Edge\nISLAMABAD \u2014\u00a0\nPakistan\u2019s security forces claim to have killed more than 100 suspected militants in a massive nationwide security operation Friday in the wake of a deadly suicide bombing at a Sufi shrine that left more than 80 dead.\nThe spokesman for Pakistan\u2019s military, Major General Asif Ghafoor, tweeted that the killings, along with many arrests, were a result of intelligence-based or combing operations.\nThe attack Thursday night in Sindh province at the shrine of a famous Sufi saint, Laal Shahbaz Qalandar, was one of the biggest in a series of attacks the country has faced during the past week.\nMAP: The Lal Shahbaz Qalandar shrine where a suicide bomber killed at least 72 people\nThe militant group Islamic State took responsibility for that attack.\nAnother militant group called Jamaatul Ahrar, a faction of the Pakistani Taliban, claimed to have carried out most of the other attacks in the country last week, including one at a protest in the heart of Pakistan's second largest city, Lahore, that left more than a dozen dead. \nThrough its social media platforms, the group announced that the attacks were the beginning of an operation against the state and its security agencies.\nThe wave of attacks has shattered the perception that the country has its terrorism problem under control.\nProtesters hold placards and chant slogans against the recent bomb blasts in various parts of Pakistan during a protest in Peshawar, Pakistan February 17, 2017.\nMuhammad Amir Rana, a security analyst, said this is a technique to create a perception of chaos. \n\u201cIn my view the group is following the same strategy as other terrorist groups in the region. They collect all their resources and then they \u2026try to trigger a wave to achieve the maximum impact of the violence.\u201d\nNonetheless, this is a blow to Pakistan\u2019s claims that its military operation called Zarb e Azb, to clear its lawless tribal areas in the north, along with intelligence based operations throughout the country, have managed to dismantle terrorism\u2019s infrastructure.\nMichael Kugelman, senior associate for South Asia at Washington-based research organization the Wilson Center, said the country would not be able to overcome its terrorism problem without a change in its long-term strategic thinking.\n\u201cPakistan\u2019s war on terror has essentially been an effort to go after terrorists and not to go after the ideologies that drive terrorism and terrorists,\u201d he said.\nWatch: Wave of Terrorist Attacks Leaves Pakistan on Edge\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nWave of Terrorist Attacks Leaves Pakistan on Edge\nShare this video\n0:02:43\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:43\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 7.1MB\n360p | 10.5MB\n720p | 64.7MB\n1080p | 44.4MB\nThe society in Pakistan, he added, was conducive to hateful narratives against India, the United States, or religious minorities inside Pakistan that was often perpetuated by significant influencers including some religious leaders, media personalities, even the state itself.\nMeanwhile, Pakistan blamed the wave of terrorism on hostile powers, an often-used euphemism for India.\nIt also claimed that the attackers had sanctuaries in Afghanistan.\nThe leadership of the Pakistani Taliban and Daesh Khorasan, the local chapter of IS, is supposed to be hiding in Afghanistan.\nThe chief minister of Pakistan\u2019s most populous Punjab province, at a press conference Friday, showed a video of a man he claimed was an abettor of the attack in Lahore. The man in the video confessed that he had come from Afghanistan\u2019s Kunar province.\nIn response, Pakistan has, for the time being, closed the busiest border crossing with Afghanistan at Torkhem as well as handing a list of 76 terrorists to Afghan officials, demanding immediate action.\nAfghan presidential spokesman Shah Hussain Murtazavi told VOA that the Afghan government considers Daesh and other terrorist groups common enemies of Afghanistan and Pakistan and is sincerely fighting terrorist groups. He also said that closing borders was not the answer.\nRegional experts say Afghanistan, in turn, blames Pakistan for providing sanctuaries to the Afghan Taliban and the Haqqani group, that have wreaked havoc on its soil. It might not be inclined to help Pakistan until it sees action from the other side.\n",
        "caption": "A Pakistani police officer stands guard outside the Barri Imam shrine, as security is beefed up in the capital following a suicide attack at a Sufi shrine in interior Sindh, Islamabad, Pakistan, Feb. 17, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/400D905A-616F-42BF-A579-D1C88CDB9C1E.jpg",
        "id": "366_1",
        "answer": [
            "India",
            "hostile powers"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Pakistani",
            "A Pakistani police officer",
            "Pakistan"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_17_3729225",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_17_3729225_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who did the event from the image target?",
        "context": "Trump Rules Out Further Involvement in Syrian Conflict\nU.S. President Donald Trump said the United States is not going to get further involved in Syria despite ordering last week's missile attack on the Syrian air base believed to be the source of the chemical weapons that killed scores of civilians, including children.\n\"We're not going into Syria,\" Trump told Fox Business News reporter Maria Bartiromo in an interview that aired Wednesday.\nAfter seeing images of dying children in the chemical attack on the Syrian town of Khan Sheikhoun, Trump said he decided a military response was necessary. \"When I saw that, I said we have to do something.\"\nTrump warned that Russian President Vladimir Putin's support of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, who has been accused of launching the chemical weapons attack with Russia's help, is \"very bad for Russia\" and \"very bad for mankind.\"\nA still image taken from a video posted to a social media website on April 4, 2017, shows a civil defense member helping a child in the town of Khan Sheikhoun after what rescue workers described as a suspected gas attack in rebel-held Idlib, Syria.\nWhite House spokesman Sean Spicer, however, said the president would not rule out another strike if Assad attacked civilians with chemical weapons again.\n\"Should they continue to use gas, especially against children and babies ... all options remain on the table,\" Spicer told reporters Wednesday in Washington. \"I think the president showed last Thursday night that he will use a decisive, justified and proportionate action to right wrongs.\"\nThe United States, meanwhile, has sharply rejected Russian claims that the nerve gas sarin, the agent believed responsible for scores of deaths in Syria last week, was the inadvertent result of an airstrike on a rebel-held munitions depot. A U.S. report says it is clear the chemical-weapons assault was a deliberate attack on civilians.\nThe National Security Council released a report at the White House Tuesday declaring that Syria's \"unacceptable\" use of outlawed chemical weapons is a clear threat to the world. It accused both Syria and Russia of attempting to \"confuse the world community about who is responsible for using chemical weapons against the Syrian people,\" both on this occasion and previously.\nThe NSC called on the international community to speak out and make clear that \"this behavior will not be tolerated,\" although it did not specify possible consequences.\nSecurity Council resolution\nAt the United Nations, the United States, Britain and France look set to go ahead with a revised Security Council resolution on Wednesday \u2014 even though such an effort is expected to be vetoed by Russia.\nAt a White House briefing in Washington, U.S. national-security officials said Moscow, a key ally of Syrian President Assad, engaged in \"a very clear campaign to obfuscate the nature of the attack.\" They cited evidence, such as images of charred roadway showing that the gas shells dropped from the sky on April 4 landed in the middle of a street, not on a building, as Damascus and the Kremlin have claimed.\nThe American officials said Syria has ignored its 2013 agreement to dismantle its stockpiles of chemical weapons. \"We know the Syrian regime has sarin gas,\" one official said, speaking on background. \"We are confident the rebels [fighting Assad's government] don't have sarin.\"\nThe clear-cut nature of this month's sarin attack should be seen as \"an opportunity for Russia to end its disinformation campaign\" about Syria's use of banned weapons, they added.\nTurkey announced Tuesday that its tests confirm sarin was used in the attacks that killed about 90 people and sickened hundreds more.\nA Syrian boy from Idlib is carried by Turkish medics wearing chemical protective suits to a hospital in the border town of Reyhanli in Hatay province, Turkey, April 4, 2017.\nQuestion of Russia's role in attack\nAnkara's health minister said blood and urine samples were examined during autopsies on three victims of the gas attacks whose bodies were brought in from Syria's Idlib province. The World Health Organization and the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons participated in the post-mortem examinations.\nDespite the growing agreement about Syria's tactics, there was no clarity on the question of whether, or to what extent, Russia colluded with Syria in carrying out the attack. White House spokesman Sean Spicer said U.S. intelligence officials have not been able to come up with a \"consensus\" on that issue.\nRussian President Putin has called for a U.N. investigation of the chemical weapons attack, which prompted U.S. naval forces to fire Tomahawk cruise missiles at the Syrian air base believed to be the source of the sarin.\nPutin contended the U.S. staged \"provocations\" to bolster its charges against Syria, although he gave no details or evidence in his statement. The Kremlin leader also claimed Washington is planning a new missile launch against Syria, which supposedly would target an area south of the capital, Damascus, \"where they [the Americans] are planning to again plant some substance and accuse Syrian authorities\" of using chemical weapons.\n",
        "caption": "A still image taken from a video posted to a social media website on April 4, 2017, shows a civil defense member helping a child in the town of Khan Sheikhoun after what rescue workers described as a suspected gas attack in rebel-held Idlib, Syria.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D14CC4CF-E1F1-431D-92C8-71B419B21A25.jpg",
        "id": "4747_2",
        "answer": [
            "civilians"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "attack"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_12_3807038",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_12_3807038_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What was the person in the image convicted of?",
        "context": "Former Israeli Prime Minister Olmert to Leave Prison Early\nJERUSALEM \u2014\u00a0\nThe parole board of Israel\u2019s Prison Service Thursday granted former Prime Minister Ehud Olmert early release from his 27-month corruption sentence, in perhaps the final chapter of a stunning fall from grace that forced him from office amid the last serious round of peace talks with the Palestinians.\nBarring any unforeseen developments, Olmert will walk free July 2, said Prison Service spokesman Assaf Librati.\nObjection overruled\nIsrael\u2019s Justice Ministry had objected to Olmert\u2019s early release after asking police last week to investigate whether he committed a criminal offense when his lawyer was caught leaving the prison with a chapter of his unpublished book that contained sensitive security issues.\nBut the prison service decided otherwise and ordered that the 71-year-old Olmert, who was recently rushed to the hospital after complaining of chest pains, be released.\nOlmert was convicted in 2014, in a wide-ranging case that accused him of accepting bribes to promote a real estate project years before he became premier in 2006. His imprisonment ended Israel\u2019s last serious peace efforts with the Palestinians and ushered in the era of Benjamin Netanyahu in 2009.\nTurn toward peace \nOlmert was a longtime fixture in Israel\u2019s hawkish right wing when he began taking a dramatically more conciliatory line toward the Palestinians more than a decade ago.\nHe played a leading role in Israel\u2019s withdrawal from the Gaza Strip in 2005 and became prime minister in January 2006 after then-Prime Minister Ariel Sharon suffered a debilitating stroke.\n\u201cIt\u2019s the end of an era. Olmert was definitely an active prime minister who really left a mark on Israeli politics,\u201d said Abraham Diskin, a political science professor at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem, who predicted that Olmert\u2019s voice would still be heard. \u201cHe will leave an impact on contemporary Israeli politics, but he will not be active as a full-time politician.\u2019\u2019 \n",
        "caption": "Israel's former Prime Minister Ehud Olmert speaks to a lawyer upon his arrival at the Tel Aviv District Court in Israel, Tuesday, May 13, 2014. Olmert was sentenced on Tuesday to six years in prison for his role in wide-ranging bribery case, capping a stu",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/E6563974-2EAC-4025-9061-F5DB9ABB03AF.jpg",
        "id": "5019_1",
        "answer": [
            "corruption"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Ehud Olmert"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_29_3920861",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_29_3920861_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What are the attacks on the people in the image indicative of?",
        "context": "Thai Military Steps Up Security in Restive Muslim Border Provinces\nBANGKOK \u2014\u00a0\nThailand's military in the southern border provinces is on high alert on the 13th anniversary of a wave of insurgent attacks that included the deaths of 32 insurgents inside a mosque.\nThe increased security comes as the Thai government is pressing on with informal peace talks with several militant groups amid a spike in violence in recent months.\nThe 2004 bloodshed came just three months after a resurgent militancy started in the largely Muslim southern border provinces of Pattani, Narathiwat, Songkhla and Yala.\nSince then, 6,500 lives have been lost as efforts to end the insurgency against the Thai state has ebbed and flowed with local communities bearing the brunt of the violence.\nThe April 2004 pre-dawn attack by dozens of insurgents was met by military force that left 107 insurgents dead.\nThirty two militants fled to the sanctuary of the 16th century Krue Se Mosque, in Pattani before being surrounded by the Thai military and later killed by soldiers storming the mosque.\nMedia images later showed the blood spattered walls of the inner rooms.\nSecurity increased\nPanitan Wattanayagorn, an analyst and advisor to Thai Deputy Prime Minister Prawit Wongsuwan, said security had been stepped up to coincide with the anniversary of the 2004 attacks.\n\u201cMoving into the important anniversaries \u2013 some of the local events, the security forces are instructed to step up their measures to make sure that peace and stability are secured in the area,\u201d Panitan told VOA.\nBut late Thursday, Thai media reported five army rangers had been ambushed and killed during a patrol in the Narathiwat\u2019s Chanee district, raising fears of an escalation in violence.\nThai Rangers at a checkpoint where a Thai army vehicle carrying six rangers was ambushed by suspected separatist militants in the Cha nea district in Thailand's restive southern province of Narathiwat on April 27, 2017.\nThe years of violence have reaped a grim toll. Insurgent attacks and reprisals by the military have caused a constant spiral in the bloodshed.\nMilitant attacks have focused on symbols of the Thai state, officials and school teachers. More than 150 teachers have died in the violence. But the toll has included Muslims, the beheading of Buddhists, and arson attacks on schools.\nThailand is largely Buddhist but with a majority of Muslims in the Southern provinces. Analysts say tens of thousands of Buddhists from the region have been forced to migrate to Northern provinces to escape the violence.\nThe Thai military government launched peace talks in 2015 with the negotiations centered on an umbrella organization, MARA Pattani, representing several insurgent groups, with the Malaysian government supporting the peace process. The latest milestones in the talks are an agreement on \u201csafe zones\u201d in largely urban areas.\nMixed opinions on talks\nPanitan said the informal talks are making progress, with the government open to meeting with all insurgent groups.\n\u201cThe peace talks are on schedule in the South and now moving into a more difficult period, after getting technical measures and building up trust, they are now able to sit down and work out the new mapping of the more secure areas,\u201d Panitan told VOA.\nFILE - A car bomb explodes as a member of a Thai bomb squad checks it in Narathiwat province, south of Bangkok July 1, 2011. The bomb planted by suspected insurgents wounded the squad member, police said.\nBut other analysts say the talks with the military representatives are failing to show significant gains.\nOutside the negotiations are militants under the National Revolutionary Front (BRN) and the main instigators of the increasing attacks in recent months.\nThe BRN rejected the current negotiations saying it is standing by a demand of negotiating directly with the government in Bangkok. It has also called for an impartial mediator and international observers to the negotiations.\nThai Prime Minister Prayut Chan-o-cha has rejected the BRN\u2019s calls for direct talks with the government.\nMatthew Wheeler, an analyst with the International Crisis Group (ICG), in emailed comments, said a recent spate of attacks across the region appeared \u201cto be a statement of opposition\u201d to the proposed framework agreement on safety zones.\n\u201cThe militants continue to demonstrate that they have the capabilities to launch attacks across the region despite of the security measures by the Thai state,\u201d Wheeler said.\nPanitan said meetings are scheduled with representatives of the OIC in the coming days.\nIn early April, the Organization of Islamic Conference (OIC) at a summit in Turkey, lent its support to the Thai efforts in pressing on with dialogue with the MARA \u2013 Pattani.\nBut it also called for Muslim communities in the South to include \u201call stakeholders and to work for the common good to ensure a peace process can be effectively realized in the South,\u201d the OIC said in an official statement.\nPakorn Preeyakorn, president of the Islamic Center of Thailand, also called for a greater role of Thai civilian and academics in the negotiation process.\n\u201cYou need to put some people who are very keen in dealing with this kind of conflicts. Sometimes when you use those from the army, for example, they are not very keen in dealing with the peace talks,\u201d Pakorn told VOA.\n\u201cSo in this sense, we need to have some more people who know the real situation,\u201d he said.\nICG\u2019s Wheeler said the long term solution to the conflict requires dialogue and negotiation. \u201cCrisis Group has long argued for greater political decentralization as a path out of the conflict,\u201d he said.\nBut analysts say the Thai military opposes any calls by the insurgents for local autonomy, a major obstacle to ending to the violence.\n",
        "caption": "Thai Rangers at a checkpoint where a Thai army vehicle carrying six rangers was ambushed by suspected separatist militants in the Cha nea district in Thailand's restive southern province of Narathiwat on April 27, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F6F0544D-5670-48F3-9F46-C7C28534287A.jpg",
        "id": "22623_2",
        "answer": [
            "an escalation in violence",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "rangers",
            "Thai Rangers"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_28_3829479",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_28_3829479_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What are others such as those from the image doing to send a message?",
        "context": "Analysts: China Will be Able to Police Rival Countries in Disputed Sea\nTAIPEI \u2014\u00a0\nChina\u2019s near completion of artificial islets and combat aircraft facilities in the Spratly Islands will give it extra power to make other countries keep out of the widely disputed South China Sea or get Chinese permission to use it, analysts say.\nBeijing is about to finish naval, air, radar and other facilities on the \u201cbig three\u201d islets in the sea\u2019s Spratly archipelago, according to the Asia Maritime Transparency Initiative, a project of the Washington-based policy research organization Center for Strategic and International Studies.\nThe American think tank initiative\u2019s monitoring over the past two years shows a near completion of \u201cmajor construction of military and dual-use infrastructure\u201d on Subi, Mischief and Fiery Cross reefs held by China in the Spratlys, according to its website, which adds Beijing can now deploy combat aircraft and mobile missile launchers to the Spratly Islands anytime.\nAround-the-clock presence in area\nThose installations will give China \u201caround-the-clock presence\u201d for \u201cestablishing administration\u201d over its claims to the 3.5 million-square-kilometer sea, initiative director Gregory Poling said.\nChina claims more than 90 percent of the resource-rich sea that extends from Taiwan southwest to Singapore. The Chinese claim overlaps tracts that Brunei, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan and Vietnam also call their own.\n\u201cIf you\u2019re a Southeast Asian fisherman or coast guard vessel or an oil and gas exploration vessel, you don\u2019t operate unless the Chinese let you operate, because they now are watching everything you do, and as soon as they send planes out there they\u2019ll be able to intervene anywhere, anytime,\u201d Poling said.\nFishing boats from other countries eventually must register with the Chinese to use the disputed sea, said Alex Chiang, an international relations professor at National Chengchi University in Taipei. Vessels now trawl freely in 370-kilometer exclusive economic zones extending from their home countries\u2019 coastlines.\nFILE - Protesters display placards in front of the Chinese Consulate to protest China's alleged continuing \"militarization\" of the disputed islands off the South China Sea including a plan to build a monitoring station on Scarborough Shoal, March 24, 2017.\n\u201cI think (China) will draw the line where those fishing boats can operate and they will require those fishing boats to get permission from China first in order to operate in the area, so that means all other countries have to observe Chinese domestic law,\u201d Chiang said.\nChina\u2019s enforcement ability may be tested when the country implements a fishing moratorium from May through August, Poling said. The moratorium would let stocks regenerate in the northern half of the sea.\nOfficials in Beijing are talking one on one with the Southeast Asian maritime claimants to offer them trade and investment benefits from China\u2019s $11 trillion economy, some believe in exchange for letting China do what it wants at sea.\nThose talks picked up after July when a world arbitration court ruled at the request of the Philippines against the legal basis for China\u2019s maritime claim. China cites historic usage records to back its claim and has rejected the court ruling.\nVietnam lacks confidence in US\nIn Vietnam, officials are starting to deal with China\u2019s consolidation of maritime power for lack of confidence in U.S. support, said Oscar Mussons, senior associate with the Dezan Shira & Associates business consultancy in Ho Chi Minh City.\nU.S. President Donald Trump has not made it clear whether he will back the Southeast Asian countries over China, analysts in the region believe.\n\u201cAt some point Vietnam felt strong and said well, we have the United States backing us, so it\u2019s going to be fine,\u2019 but nobody knows what\u2019s going on with the United States,\u201d Mussons said.\nVietnamese officials are keeping quiet and talking to Beijing about economic cooperation as China develops the sea, he said, but citizens are protesting passively by avoiding made-in-China products.\n\u201cThey don\u2019t really say we need to fight them back,\u2019\u201c he said. \u201cBut of course they\u2019ve always seen China as a threat, and I think that\u2019s the way it\u2019s going to be for a while now if things don\u2019t change.\u201d\nSouth China Sea Territorial Claims\nClaimant countries prize the tropical sea for fisheries and undersea reserves of oil and gas. Also, more than half the world\u2019s marine shipping traffic uses the waterway. Like China, Taiwan claims nearly the whole sea. Other governments operate in zones near their coastlines, and all the claimants control tiny land forms in the Spratly chain.\nSince 2010 China has quickly expanded into the sea, landfilling more than 12 square kilometers to make reefs ready for construction of facilities.\nChina\u2019s three air bases in the Spratlys and another on Woody Island in the Paracel Island archipelago, which is contested by Vietnam, will allow Chinese military aircraft to operate over nearly the entire South China Sea, the initiative says.\nThe government in Beijing will know what other countries are doing via advanced surveillance and early-warning radar facilities at Fiery Cross, Subi and Cuarteron Reefs in the Spratly chain, as well as Woody Island, the initiative\u2019s website adds.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Protesters display placards in front of the Chinese Consulate to protest China's alleged continuing \"militarization\" of the disputed islands off the South China Sea including a plan to build a monitoring station on Scarborough Shoal, March 24, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/7A7B7D12-2545-4904-8194-7772C959771C.jpg",
        "id": "20313_2",
        "answer": [
            "avoiding made-in-China products",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Protesters",
            "protest"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_31_3790530",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_31_3790530_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who is opposed to the employer of the people in the image?",
        "context": "US: It 'Will Be Very Difficult' for Qatar to Meet Arab Neighbors' Demands\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson said Sunday that it \"will be very difficult\" for Qatar to meet some of the demands that Saudi Arabia and three of its allies are making on Doha, but urged that they negotiate an end to the Persian Gulf diplomatic standoff.\nTillerson, in a statement a day after Qatar rejected the demands as unreasonable and impinging on its sovereignty, said, \"there are significant areas which provide a basis for ongoing dialogue leading to resolution.\" Tillerson did not say on what issues he thought Egypt, Bahrain, the United Arab Emirates and the Saudis could reach agreement with Doha.\nFILE - A man walks on the corniche in Doha, Qatar, June 15, 2017.\nThe four Arab governments, which severed diplomatic links with Qatar more than two weeks ago on grounds that it was fomenting terrorism in the region, delivered their demands to Qatar last week through mediator Kuwait. Among other items, the four countries demanded that Qatar shut down the Al-Jazeera television network, long a source of conflict between Qatar and its neighbors.\nFILE - Staff members of Al-Jazeera International work at the news studio in Doha, Qatar, Jan. 1, 2015.\nThe four countries also demanded that Qatar end its ties to the Muslim Brotherhood, Islamic State, al-Qaida and Lebanon's Iran-backed Hezbollah movement. In addition, the four Arab governments want Qatar to downgrade links with Iran, turn over opposition figures it has been holding and shut a Turkish military base in the emirate.\nQatar said the demands confirmed \"what Qatar has said from the beginning \u2014 the illegal blockade has nothing to do with combating terrorism, it is about limiting Qatar's sovereignty, and outsourcing our foreign policy.\"\nFILE - A view shows Abu Samra border crossing to Saudi Arabia, in Qatar, June 12, 2017.\nTillerson said that \"a productive next step would be for each of the countries to sit together and continue this conversation. We believe our allies and partners are stronger when they are working together towards one goal, which we all agree is stopping terrorism and countering extremism.\"\nThe top U.S. diplomat said that \"each country involved has something to contribute to that effort. A lowering of rhetoric would also help ease the tension. The United States will continue to stay in close contact with all parties and will continue to support the mediation efforts of the emir of Kuwait.\"\nMiddle East Institute scholar Zubair Iqbal says there is a possibility for Qatar to meet some of the demands. But he told VOA there is also a risk in making militant movements more volatile if they are forced underground.\n\"It's very important to realize that if you do not give flexibility and leeway to organizations like, for example, Brotherhood, then they\u2019re going to react. And when they react they\u2019re going to hurt Emiratis and in particular Saudi Arabia,\" Iqbal said.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Staff members of Al-Jazeera International work at the news studio in Doha, Qatar, Jan. 1, 2015.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/92747228-026B-4598-A3A3-79AED9120626.jpg",
        "id": "5207_3",
        "answer": [
            "four countries",
            "Saudi Arabia and three of its allies"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Al-Jazeera",
            "Al-Jazeera International"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_25_3915198",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_25_3915198_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who do the people in the image support?",
        "context": "Fifth Protester Killed as Venezuela Unrest Intensifies\nCARACAS \u2014\u00a0\nVenezuela's opposition was planning protests in each of the country's 335 municipalities on Thursday, in a bid to strain the capabilities of security forces as unrest mounted in the volatile nation.\nThe oil-rich but crisis-shaken South American country has been convulsed by escalating protests over the last two weeks amid a punishing economic recession and accusations that leftist President Nicolas Maduro has morphed into a dictator.\nIn a worrying sign for Maduro, people in usually pro-government slums and low-income areas have blocked streets and lit fires during scattered protests this week. A crowd also broke through a security cordon at his rally on Tuesday, heckling at him and throwing stones while bodyguards scrambled.\nFour people were killed during protests over the last week, authorities say. Opposition lawmaker Alfonso Marquina said on Thursday a fifth protester had died.\nThe public prosecutor's office says it will investigate the death of 36-year-old Miguel Colmenares, according to the Associated Press. He was shot at a protest Tuesday in the central city of Barquisimeto.\nGruseny Calderon was killed during the same protest, the Associated Press reports, adding that Marquina says the 32-year-old protester was injured by rubber bullets that pierced his lung and liver. The protests have also claimed the lives of two college students and a 13-year-old.\nDemonstrators rally against Venezuela's President Nicolas Maduro in Caracas, Venezuela, April 13, 2017.\nWith momentum on their side, the main opposition coalition was urging Venezuelans to take to the streets across the country Thursday in an effort to leave security forces too thinly spread to break up rallies.\n\u2018A struggle of resistance\u2019\nThey accuse police and the National Guard of indiscriminate use of tear gas, including gassing clinics and dropping canisters from a helicopter, and of arbitrarily detaining people for simply being within the vicinity of protests.\n\"This is a struggle of resistance, whose fundamental objective is to wear them out, and see who breaks first,\" said opposition lawmaker Freddy Guevara in a video posted on Twitter.\n\"Will it be our desire to fight or theirs to repress? Will it be our desire to have a better Venezuela or theirs to obey the dictatorship?\"\nThe opposition says Maduro made it clear to the world he was a dictator when the Supreme Court in late March assumed the functions of the opposition-led congress.\nAmid global outcry, the court quickly rolled back the most controversial part of its decision, but the move breathed new life into the fractured opposition movement and comforted demonstrators that they had international support.\nLast week's move to ban opposition leader Henrique Capriles from holding office for 15 years also fueled demonstrators' outrage. Capriles is seen as the opposition's best presidential hope.\nUnrest\nAlongside planned opposition marches that have dissolved into clashes, there have also been what witnesses and local media describe as impromptu nighttime protests, where neighbors block streets with trash or burning debris.\nFILE - A demonstrator is arrested by riot police while rallying against Venezuela's President Nicolas Maduro's government in Caracas, Venezuela, April 10, 2017.\nLooting has been reported too, especially in the working-class community of Guarenas outside Caracas.\nWhile opposition leaders have called for protests to remain peaceful, Maduro's government has claimed that a business-backed opposition is actually pushing for violence to justify \"foreign intervention.\"\nMaduro has drawn parallels with a brief coup against his predecessor - the late Hugo Chavez \u2014 in 2002, and warned that an opposition government would slash social benefits like health care for the poor and subsidized food.\nThe opposition has responded that any social advances made under Chavez have been wiped out by a devastating economic crisis that has brought widespread shortages of food and medicine.\nSome in the opposition accuse \"colectivos,\" militant grassroots groups whom critics say are thugs paid by the government, of looting and violence to taint the opposition.\nMany Venezuelans still worry protracted protests will not bring about political or economic change, but will just increase violence in the already volatile nation.\nMajor anti-government protests in 2014 eventually fizzled out, though the opposition at the time had nebulous demands, poor neighborhoods largely abstained, and the economy was in better shape.\nVenezuelans are gearing up for next Wednesday, when opposition leaders have called for the \"mother of all marches.\"\n",
        "caption": "Demonstrators rally against Venezuela's President Nicolas Maduro in Caracas, Venezuela, April 13, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/777093F1-75A3-4107-97EC-E60790ADFA75.jpg",
        "id": "8689_2",
        "answer": [
            "Henrique Capriles"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "demonstrators",
            "Demonstrators"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_13_3808915",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_13_3808915_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who are the people in the image collaborating with?",
        "context": "Washington Takes Focus Off Syrian Regime Change\nThe battle to oust Syrian President Bashar al-Assad appears to be over \u2014 at least as far as the Trump administration is concerned.\nThe U.S. ambassador to the United Nations, Nikki Haley, said Thursday that Washington\u2019s \u201cpriority is no longer to sit and focus on getting Assad out.\u201d\nHaley\u2019s remarks drew the ire of American lawmakers who have argued for a more robust U.S. effort to topple Assad. Republican Senator John McCain warned the Trump administration against making a \"Faustian bargain\" (a deal with the devil) with the Syrian government\u2019s ally Russia.\nRepublican Senator Lindsey Graham warned that taking the focus off Assad would be \u201cthe biggest mistake since President [Barack] Obama failed to act after drawing a red line against Assad's use of chemical weapons.\"\nWATCH: Spicer says future of Assad up to Syrians\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nSpicer: Future of Assad Is Up to Syrian People\nShare this video\n0:01:26\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:26\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 2.7MB\n360p | 3.2MB\n480p | 15.2MB\nLater Friday, White House spokesman Sean Spicer said that the United States must accept the political reality that the future of Assad is up to the Syrian people.\n\"With respect to Assad, there is a political reality that we have to accept in terms of where we are right now,\" he said. Spicer added that the Untied States lost \"a lot of opportunity\" during the last administration to change the situation with Assad. He did not elaborate.\nSpicer would not comment on whether Assad should step down, saying it is a decision for the Syrian people alone. He said the foremost priority for the United States in Syria right now is the defeat of Islamic State militants.\nSome Middle East analysts say similar comments by U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson this week in Ankara also signal regime change is off the table. These analysts argue the recent remarks merely reflect the reality on the ground \u2014 that Assad's survival after a brutal six-year-long conflict appears assured.\nExpected move\nMany analysts had been expecting President Donald Trump's administration to inch closer to a much more explicit shift in U.S. policy in Syria \u2014 one exclusively focused on the war against the Islamic State. Some analysts say the administration has little alternative now. They trace the policy reversal to the Obama administration, which in its last months also was signaling an acceptance of Assad staying in power, if only in the short-term during a political transition.\nFILE - A convoy of U.S. forces armored vehicles drives near the village of Yalanli, on the western outskirts of the northern Syrian city of Manbij, March 5, 2017. Some analysts say the U.S. is inching closer to a much more explicit shift in policy in Syria - one exclusively focused on the war against the Islamic State.\nIn a roundtable discussion this week on the future of the conflict on Syria, analyst Sam Heller of The Century Foundation, a U.S. policy research institute, argued that not much is left of the revolutionary opposition.\n\u201cWhen we say that the Assad regime has \u2018won the war,\u2019 we mean it\u2019s achieved a strategic victory in Syria\u2019s central civil conflict: the war between, in approximate terms, the regime and its mixed revolutionary-Islamist opposition in western Syria,\u201d he said.\nAccording to Heller, much of the main armed opposition to Assad has been neutralized and diverted away from the insurgency against the government by regional powers who are using rebel militias for their own security projects in war-torn Syria. That includes the Turks, who have carved out a sweep of territory in northern Syria to keep Islamic State militants away from its border and block Syrian Kurds from uniting Kurdish-majority cantons.\nThe U.S. has persuaded other Arab Sunni and Turkmen militias to throw in their lot with the Kurdish People\u2019s Protection Units, or YPG, and to focus on battling the Islamic State. The U.S. is generally working with splinter groups or rejects from the main anti-Assad rebel force, the Free Syrian Army (FSA).\nRebel militias not participating in the Turkish intervention or who are not aligned with the fight against the Islamic State have seen foreign backers cut their arms supplies.\nHeller says the future for FSA militias is bleak.\n\u201cThe choice they now seem to face is between being reincorporated into the extant Syrian state [Assad\u2019s state], serving in a Turkish or Jordanian cross-border protectorate, or indefinite exile. Or they can die with the jihadists, which is also an option. They can and will continue to fight, but they\u2019ll likely be doing so alone, against insurmountable odds, and at a terrible cost to their civilian families and communities.\u201d\nFILE - A member of the Free Syrian Army (FSA) is pictured in the border town of Jarablus, Syria, Aug. 31, 2016. Some analysts say the waning influence in Syria of the staunch anti-Assad FSA was among the factors fueling the U.S. policy shift.\nTahrir al-Sham group takes lead\nMost recent breakout assaults by rebel militias have been led by a former al-Qaida affiliate. It has joined with other Islamist rebel militias in a group called Tahrir al-Sham, and last week assaulted the Syrian town of Hama, managing to advance to within 10 kilometers of its center. Other insurgents also recently launched an offensive on government-held areas in the Damascus suburb of Jobar.\nBut there\u2019s little prospect the Hama and Jobar offensives can be translated into major threats to the government, which was bolstered when Russia's military intervened to back Assad more than a year ago. In December, the government, backed by Iranian and Shi'ite militias, recaptured the rebel redoubt in the eastern half of Aleppo.\nSince December, Syrian government forces and foreign fighters have been pressing their military edge, slowly winning back rebel-held areas near the Syrian capital and squeezing Tahrir al-Sham and other Islamist militias in the northern Syrian province of Idlib, to the west of Aleppo.\nSeveral military observers from European governments told VOA in recent weeks that they see no way that opposition forces can threaten Assad\u2019s hold over the main western and coastal cities of Syria.\nThey do expect fighting to continue, though, led by Tahrir al-Sham.\nAron Lund, an analyst with the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, a research institute in Washington, agrees with those assessments. At The Century Foundation\u2019s roundtable, he predicted: \u201cThere will be fighting for a long time and Syria may remain a failed state in many respects, and, of course, some unscripted event could still turn all assumptions upside down. But as things stand, Assad is definitely over some sort of threshold.\u201d\nLund says Western and Arab governments that had sought regime change in Syria have now mostly accepted that their side has no path to victory.\n\"They are coming to terms with the fact that Assad is staying, while deciding to what extent they want to play spoilers. They\u2019re not willing to say it publicly, but it\u2019s happening,\u201d Lund said.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A convoy of U.S. forces armored vehicles drives near the village of Yalanli, on the western outskirts of the northern Syrian city of Manbij, March 5, 2017. Some analysts say the U.S. is inching closer to a much more explicit shift in policy in Syria - one exclusively focused on the war against the Islamic State.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/DC6BCC89-6335-4B05-B357-B228F411E633.jpg",
        "id": "8114_2",
        "answer": [
            "splinter groups or rejects from the main anti-Assad rebel force, the Free Syrian Army (FSA)",
            "splinter groups or rejects from the main anti-Assad rebel force"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "U.S."
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_31_3791047",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_31_3791047_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the people in the image do recently?",
        "context": "Somali Leader Declares War on al-Shabab Militants\nNAIROBI \u2014\u00a0\nSomalia's new president, Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed, declared war on al-Shabab Thursday, replacing the country's military leadership and giving the insurgents 60 days to surrender ahead of a fresh offensive.\n\"Bomb attacks have become a common occurrence,\" Mohamed said. \"Because of that, I would like to announce to the Somali people that the country is in a state of war, and the state of the war is not going to be on one front. This war will be a justified one.\"\nThe announcement to carry out a full-scale war against al-Shabab comes a day after the militants detonated a vehicle full of explosives at the Interior Ministry building, killing seven people and injuring dozens.\nSomali\u2019s president, Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed, declared war on al-Shabab militants Thursday. (Photo courtesy of the Somali president's office)\nAl-Shabab no longer controls any major Somali towns or cities, but the group continues to stage bomb and gun attacks against government forces, workers and civilians.\nAbdullahi Halakhe, a security analyst on the Horn of Africa, says Somalia's government lacks the capacity to carry out a major offensive against al-Shabab.\n\"The only problem is, does [Mohamed] have the capacity to take an all-out war to al-Shabab?\" he said. \"Does he have the army, does he have the police, does he have special forces to do that?\"\nWhile campaigning for president, Mohamed vowed to secure the country and build the army.\nThe state depends on some 22,000 African Union troops to defend the government and the population against al-Shabab.\nFILE - African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) troops ride an armored vehicle past a burning car after it exploded in Somalia's capital, Mogadishu, Dec. 6, 2011.\nLast week, U.S. President Donald Trump approved a request for additional precision airstrikes in Somalia to help the African Union and Somali ground troops \"increase pressure\" on al-Shabab and deny the terrorists havens from which to attack U.S. citizens or interests in the region.\nSome security observers say Somali's president will depend on planned U.S. airstrikes and African Union troops to carry out the offensive.\nIn an effort to defeat the al-Qaida-linked group, Mohamed replaced security officers in the police and intelligence service. He also called on citizens to support the operation.\n\"We would like the Somali people to work with the government soldiers who are ready to stabilize and bring peace to the city so that people can lead a normal life,\" Mohamed said.\nThe government has called on the youth fighting alongside al-Shabab to surrender within two months in exchange for training, education and employment opportunities.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Al-Shabab fighters march with their weapons during military exercises on the outskirts of Mogadishu, Somalia, Feb. 17, 2011.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/3250C85B-34C0-4C04-8F04-519204BAF4C9.jpg",
        "id": "8666_1",
        "answer": [
            "detonated a vehicle full of explosives",
            "detonated a vehicle full of explosives at the Interior Ministry building"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "al-Shabab",
            "Al-Shabab fighters"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_06_3799026",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_06_3799026_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the person in the image with the red tie want?",
        "context": "Pakistan Rejects Charges of Harboring Violent 'Proxies'\nISLAMABAD \u2014\u00a0\nPakistan\u2019s military has rejected allegations that it harbors militant groups engaged in violence against neighboring Afghanistan and India. \nThe rebuttal was part of a statement the army released Tuesday giving details of a meeting its chief, General Qamar Javed Bajwa, held a day earlier with visiting U.S. National Security Adviser H.R McMaster. \n\u201cWhile Pakistan itself is a victim of state sponsored terrorism it strongly rejects allegations of employing proxies from its soil,\u201d Bajwa was quoted as telling McMaster. \nThe army chief also emphasized that emphasized again that Pakistan's counterterrorism effort is focused against \u201cterrorists of all hue and color.\u201d\nIndia and Afghanistan have long accused Islamabad of tolerating or supporting militant groups that have carried out attacks across their shared borders. The United States has also pressed Islamabad to do more to crack down on such groups. \nThe Pakistani military statement said that McMaster \u201cacknowledged Pakistan army's efforts in eliminating terrorists and their infrastructure, assuring U.S. support to bring peace and stability in the region and globe.\u201d\nU.S. officials said that in talks with Pakistani leaders during Monday\u2019s visit, McMaster \u201cstressed the need to confront terrorism in all its forms.\u201d Though they did not elaborate. \nIn this handout photograph released by the Press Information Department (PID) on April 17, 2017, Pakistan's National Security Advisor Sartaj Aziz (R) shakes hands with US National Security Advisor Lieutenant-General H.R. McMaster at the Foreign Ministry in Islamabad.\nBut speaking to Afghan media during his Sunday\u2019s trip to Kabul, the American advisor called on Pakistani leaders to go after militant groups on their soil \u201cless selectively than they have in the past.\u201d \nMcMaster said that \u201cthe best way to pursue their (Pakistan\u2019s) interests in Afghanistan and elsewhere is through diplomacy not through the use of proxies that engage in violence.\u201d\nMcMaster undertook his first trip to the region this week since taking charge as President Donald Trump\u2019s national security advisor. McMaster has been reviewing counter-Taliban operations in Afghanistan and the broader international mission to support the Afghan government in its struggle against militant groups. \nGhafoor, however, noted the \u201cdo more rhetoric\" is subsiding by the day because \u201cthe wise international community\u201d acknowledged Pakistan\u2019s \u201cunprecedented contributions\u201d in eliminating terrorism and in conducting operations in volatile border areas in support of Afghan security forces\u2019s to help them stabilize Afghanistan.\nHe also cited increased security and reduction in militancy in Pakistan because of a sustained military-led counterterrorism campaign.\nPakistani officials appeared upbeat about McMaster\u2019s just concluded visit. They see it as a demonstration that \u201cPakistan enjoys an important place in the regional context and that the U.S. attaches importance to its relations with Pakistan.\u201d\nOn Tuesday, the prime minister\u2019s key foreign policy aide, Tariq Fatemi, noted that McMaster\u2019s visit provided \u201ca good opportunity for both sides to engage in \u201cmeaningful conversation on exploring ways and means to promote\u201d regional peace and stability.\nHe made the remarks in a meeting with visiting U.S. acting Special Representative for Afghanistan and Pakistan, Laurel Miller, according to a foreign ministry statement.\nFatemi \u201cconveyed Pakistan\u2019s readiness to work with the U.S. to support efforts for peace and reconciliation in Afghanistan,\u201d it added.\nDespite Pakistani assertions with regard to fighting terrorism, critics say Islamabad maintains covert ties to the Taliban because of fears of growing Indian influence in Afghanistan and Kabul\u2019s increasing closeness with New Delhi.\n\u201cWe could spend hours on this aspect of the [Afghan] conflict but suffice to say that despite heavy U.S. pressure, and significant blandishments, Pakistan has never abandoned the policy of countenancing the Taliban\u2019s use of its territory against its western neighbor,\u201d said former U.S. diplomat Richard Olson while delivering a public talk in Washington earlier this month.\nOlson served as Washington\u2019s ambassador to Kabul and Islamabad respectively before being appointed as special envoy for the two countries by the previous U.S. administration.\nHe cautioned the Trump administration against using old U.S. pressure tactics to force Pakistan to abandon support for the Taliban.\n\u201cI think convincing Pakistan to effect a strategic shift is wishful thinking. And please remember that Pakistan controls our air lines of communication [to the Pakistani airspace that the U.S. uses for transporting supplies] into Afghanistan, so ultimately, military leverage flows to their advantage,\u201d Olson cautioned\nFor the Pakistani military, Olson observed, the Afghan policy is about \u201cgeo-strategic maneuvering\u201d against India.\n\u201cAnd since the [Pakistan military] establishment views India as the existential threat, all measures against the eastern neighbor are acceptable,\u201d noted the former U.S. diplomat.\nWhile the Trump administration is currently conducting a review of U.S. policy towards Afghanistan, Olson emphasized the need to pursue a political settlement of the conflict by involving regional stakeholders, particularly Pakistan. But he sounded skeptical about whether Islamabad still can effectively use of its traditional influence with the Taliban to push them to the negotiating table.\nPakistani officials, have long campaigned for seeking a resolution to the Afghan conflict through peace talks between the Kabul government and the Taliban. They maintain that continued hostilities in Afghanistan add to security challenges to neighboring countries and undermine U.S. interests as well.\n",
        "caption": "In this handout photograph released by the Press Information Department (PID) on April 17, 2017, Pakistan's National Security Advisor Sartaj Aziz (R) shakes hands with US National Security Advisor Lieutenant-General H.R. McMaster at the Foreign Ministry in Islamabad.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/EB8B21DC-6D71-46B6-8920-BE6D3E4B1928.jpg",
        "id": "6262_2",
        "answer": [
            "To confront terrorism in all its forms ",
            "to support the Afghan government in its struggle against militant groups."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "McMaster",
            "H.R. McMaster "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_18_3815189",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_18_3815189_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person on the left of the image do?",
        "context": "Fired FBI Head Comey Agrees to Testify Publicly Before Senate\nThe U.S. Senate Intelligence Committee says former FBI Director James Comey has agree to testify publicly about Russian interference in the 2016 U.S. presidential election.\nThe heads of the Senate Intelligence Committee announced in a statement Friday that Comey would testify before the panel after May 29.\n\u201cI am hopeful that he (Comey) will clarify for the American people recent events that have been broadly reported in the media,\u201d said Senator Richard Burr, a Republican who chairs the panel.\n\u201cI hope that former Director Comey\u2019s testimony will help answer some of the questions that have arisen since Director Comey was so suddenly dismissed by the president,\u201d the top Democrat on the Senate Intelligence Committee, Mark Warner, added.\nThe revelation comes at the end of a week that saw one stunning development after another.\nJust hours earlier Friday, The New York Times reported that President Donald Trump told Russian officials in the Oval Office earlier this month that he had just fired Comey, calling him a \u201cnut job.\u201d\nThe Times quoted a document read to the Times by a U.S. official. The document quoted Trump as saying, \u201cI just fired the head of the FBI. He was crazy, a real nut job.\u201d\nAccording to the document, Trump went on to say, \u201cI faced great pressure because of Russia. That\u2019s taken off.\u201d\nTrump also reportedly said, \u201cI\u2019m not under investigation.\u201d\nOn Thursday, The Times cited a friend of Comey's saying Comey was uneasy with the president's friendly overtures and struggled to maintain a professional boundary.\nThe Times cited Benjamin Wittes, a senior fellow with the Brookings Institution and frequent Trump critic, as saying Comey felt the contacts by Trump were inappropriate and that the now-former agency chief didn't want to be friendly with the president.\nThe contacts include a dinner in which Trump allegedly asked Comey to pledge his loyalty to the president, and a meeting with Comey in the Oval Office where Trump allegedly said he hoped the investigation into the president's former national security adviser, Michael Flynn, could be dropped.\nFILE - Vice President Mike Pence, left, and Secret Service Director Joseph Clancy stand as President Donald Trump shakes hands with FBI Director James Comey during a reception for inaugural law enforcement officers and first responders in the Blue Room of\nTwo anonymous sources told The Times the president called Comey shortly after being inaugurated and asked if the FBI was ever going to specify that Trump was not personally under investigation.\nAccording to those people, Comey said Trump should not contact him directly, but instead have a White House lawyer handle any inquiries to the Justice Department.\nReports say Comey wrote memos after each encounter with Trump detailing the contents of their conversations. Trump has denied making the Flynn request and the paper concedes that its reporter never actually saw any memos about the conversations.\nWhite House spokesman Sean Spicer said in a statement to the paper that \"the sworn testimony\" of both Comey and Acting FBI Director Andrew McCabe \"make clear that there was never any attempt to interfere in this investigation.\"\nCongressional investigators have requested copies of all the Comey memos.\nComey, at the time of the Trump contacts, was overseeing an investigation into any possible links between the Trump campaign and Russian agents. Trump fired Comey as FBI director earlier this month.\n",
        "caption": "Combination photo shows (right) President-elect Donald Trump at Trump Tower, Jan. 13, 2017, in New York City, and former FBI chief James Comey in Washington, Sept. 8, 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/FFDD823A-7C58-45F0-A992-6D825DFFC5F7.jpg",
        "id": "20501_1",
        "answer": [
            "wrote memos after each encounter with Trump detailing the contents of their conversations",
            "agree to testify publicly",
            "overseeing an investigation into any possible links between the Trump campaign and Russian agents."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "James Comey"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_19_3862021",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_19_3862021_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What was aimed at the country of the person on the right of the image?",
        "context": "US Missile Strike on North Korea an Unlikely Option, for Now\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nA pre-emptive military strike may be among the \u201cpretty severe things\u201d President Donald Trump says he is considering for North Korea, but it's a step so fraught with risk that it ranks as among the unlikeliest options.\nEven a so-called surgical strike aimed at the North's partially hidden nuclear and missile force is unlikely to destroy the arsenal or stop its leader, Kim Jong Un, from swiftly retaliating with long-range artillery that could kill stunning numbers in South Korea within minutes.\nAn all-out conflict could then ensue. And while Trump's Pentagon chief, Jim Mattis, says the U.S. would prevail, he believes it would be \u201ca catastrophic war.\u201d\nTrump met with the leaders of South Korea and Japan in Germany on Friday, and in a joint statement, they condemned the North's \u201cunprecedented launch,\u201d calling it a major escalation and a global threat that demands \u201cmaximum pressure\u201d on Pyongyang.\nSoldiers gather in Kim Il Sung Square in Pyongyang, North Korea, July 6, 2017, to celebrate the test launch of North Korea's first intercontinental ballistic missile two days earlier.\n'Mugger's mentality'\nFiring back, North Korea said its July 4 missile test-launch was \u201cthe final gate to completing the state nuclear force.\u201d A lengthy statement by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs also said its intercontinental ballistic missile is meant to overcome U.S. hostility, which it likened to a \u201cmugger's mentality,\u201d and enable the North to \u201cstrike the very heart of the U.S. at any given time.\u201d\nIn Poland on Thursday, Trump said the time has arrived to confront North Korea.\n\u201cI don't like to talk about what I have planned, but I have some pretty severe things that we're thinking about,\u201d the president said. \u201cThat doesn't mean we're going to do them.\u201d\nTrump didn't mention which \u201csevere\u201d options he is weighing following North Korea's July 4 test-launch of an intercontinental ballistic missile. The administration has been reviewing its overall North Korea policy for months, having declared earlier attempts at \u201cstrategic patience\u201d with the North to have failed. The administration has spoken about starving North Korea of cash for its nuclear program and getting other countries to add diplomatic and economic pressure.\nBut Trump and his aides have not have ruled out the possibility of war with an adversary that is openly defying U.N. Security Council resolutions and threatening the United States.\n\u201cIt's a shame that they're behaving this way,\u201d Trump said, \u201cbut they are behaving in a very, very dangerous manner and something will have to be done about it.\u201d\nNorth Korean leader Kim Jong Un reacts with scientists and technicians of the DPRK Academy of Defence Science after the test-launch of the intercontinental ballistic missile Hwasong-14 in this undated photo released by North Korea.\nA new reality\nTrump was referring to North Korea's test-launch Tuesday of an unarmed ballistic missile that for the first time demonstrated the range needed to reach U.S. soil. The ICBM was launched on a lofted trajectory so that it fell short of Japan. U.S. analysts calculated that if it is launched on a standard attack trajectory, the missile could reach Alaska. With further testing, they say, North Korea will achieve even longer ranges.\nThe missile launch created a new reality for the U.S. and its South Korean and Japanese allies, which already are in range of the North's missiles. With a population of more than 20 million, Seoul is in easy range of North Korea's massive array of artillery guns north of the Demilitarized Zone that forms a buffer between North and South. Japan could also be a target. Beyond the nuclear threat, the North also is believed to have chemical and biological weapons.\nU.S. Defence Minister James N. Mattis talks at a press conference before the commemoration of the 70th anniversary of the Marshall Plan at the George C. Marshall Center in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany, June 28, 2017.\nCost of war hard to imagine\nThe U.S. has about 28,000 troops in South Korea, and Gen. Joseph Dunford, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, says about 300,000 U.S. citizens are in Seoul alone. Dunford predicted June 12 that war casualties would be heavy \u2014 \u201cand many of those casualties will be in the first three, five, seven days of the war where all those people in the greater Seoul area (are) exposed to the North Korean threat that we will not be able to mitigate initially.\u201d\nMattis told a House committee last month that if it came to a fight, the U.S. and its allies would prevail, but at a cost that is difficult to imagine.\n\u201cIt will be a war more serious in terms of human suffering than anything we've seen since 1953,\u201d he said, referring to the final year of the Korean War. Then, U.S. forces siding with South Korea fought North Korea to a stalemate. It was an era when the North had no nuclear or chemical weapons.\nTrump has said he will not allow North Korea to achieve what it calls its ultimate objective: a nuclear-armed missile capable of reaching the United States. Although the North has now shown it can reach U.S. soil, it probably isn't capable yet of arming such a missile with a nuclear warhead. If allowed to stay on its current course, analysts say, the North probably will reach its goal within a few years.\nUS to pursue diplomacy \nIn an impromptu encounter at the Pentagon on Thursday, Mattis told reporters that this week's missile launch didn't threaten the U.S. He said it doesn't change the administration's determination to pursue diplomacy to resolve the nuclear threat, but he suggested North Korea might eventually push too hard.\n\u201cAny effort by North Korea to start a war would lead to severe consequences\u201d for that country, he said.\nMattis said the North's intercontinental missile capability doesn't \u201cin itself bring us closer to war.\u201d\nAs of Thursday, there were no outward signs of U.S. moves to put more air, ground or naval forces in South Korea.\n",
        "caption": "President Donald Trump meets with Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, right, and South Korean President Moon Jae-in before the Northeast Asia Security dinner at the US Consulate General in Hamburg, Germany, July 6, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/6B92F3C2-C016-4D0F-AEE9-1B14B167CF0D.jpg",
        "id": "30426_1",
        "answer": [
            "ICBM"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Japan"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_07_3933056",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_07_3933056_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What policy did the person speaking at the microphone in the image repeal?",
        "context": "Trump Revises Obama's Opening to Cuba but Leaves Much Untouched\nWHITE HOUSE \u2014\u00a0\nSaying he was \"canceling the last administration's completely one-sided deal with Cuba,\" President Donald Trump on Friday began undoing some parts of his predecessor's historic opening to the island nation.\nThe new measures included tighter restrictions on tourism travel and a prohibition of financial dealings with entities tied to Cuban military and intelligence services. Cuba's military conglomerate GAESA is estimated to control more than half the country's economy.\nWatch: Trump Recasts Cuba Policy, Slams Castro\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTrump Recasts Cuba Policy, Slams Castro\nShare this video\n0:02:48\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:48\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 8.1MB\n360p | 13.1MB\n720p | 78.5MB\n1080p | 54.7MB\nIn a speech at Miami's Little Havana district, flanked by Vice President Mike Pence, Florida Republican Senator Marco Rubio and other leading politicians of Cuban descent, Trump said he took steps toward fulfilling a campaign promise that helped him win last November's election in the battleground state of Florida, where the Cuban-American vote was instrumental in pushing him over the top.\n\"America has rejected the Cuban people's oppressors,'' he told a cheering crowd at the packed, sweltering Manuel Artime Theater, named after a leader of the ill-fated Bay of Pigs invasion. \"I do believe that the end is in the very near future.\"\nWATCH: Trump on new Cuba policy \nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTrump: \u2018Canceling\u2019 Obama-Era Cuba Deal\nShare this video\n0:01:27\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:27\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 4.2MB\n360p | 6.0MB\n480p | 27.6MB\n\"We will enforce the ban on tourism. We will enforce the embargo. We will take concrete steps to ensure that investments flow directly to the people so they can open private businesses and begin to build their country's great, great future,\" Trump said.\nThe Cuban government said Friday in a statement that it \u201creiterates its willingness to continue with respectful dialogue and cooperation on issues of mutual interest\u201d with the U.S. The statement said Cuba and the U.S. have demonstrated in the last two years that \u201cthey can cooperate and live together civilly, respecting differences and promoting that which benefits both countries and peoples.\u201d\nCuba warned, however, that the U.S. \u201cshould not expect Cuba to make concessions on its sovereignty and independence, nor will it accept any type of such conditions.\u201d\nSome policies remain\nWhite House officials, however, said many of the changes that occurred under former President Barack Obama would remain in place.\nAccording to senior administration officials, Americans will still be able to travel to Cuba under approved categories, but there will be stricter enforcement to ensure travelers fit those categories.\nWATCH: Trump message to Cuban leadership\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTrump: Cuba Must Take \u2018Concrete Steps\u2019 Before New Deal\nShare this video\n0:01:39\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:39\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 4.9MB\n360p | 6.3MB\n480p | 27.3MB\nAmericans will be permitted to bring back souvenir items such as rum and cigars. Commercial flights between the United States and Cuba will continue, and diplomatic relations will not be affected, though Trump will not name an ambassador to Havana.\nObama had halted the so-called \"wet foot/dry foot\" policy that had allowed Cubans who arrived on U.S. shores to apply for work permits that could eventually lead to citizenship \u2014 a move that will not be touched by Trump's rollback.\nPolicy pushback\nObama initiated the move to normalize relations with Cuba and ease a long-standing trade embargo in 2014. He argued it was time to adopt a policy of engagement with the Cuban people because the decades-old embargo of the communist nation had failed to bring change to the island.\nIn 2016, he traveled to Havana to meet President Raul Castro, but not his brother Fidel, who led the overthrow of Cuban dictator Fulgencio Batista more than half a century earlier.\nFILE - People put their luggage in a private taxi as they arrive from the U.S. to the Jose Marti International Airport in Havana, Cuba, Sept. 1, 2014.\nSeveral Obama-era officials derided the partial Trump rollback, arguing that more restrictive policies send the wrong signal to America's friends and adversaries alike.\n\"I think history shows that the surest path to progress is through engagement. We've seen it in Vietnam, across Europe in World War II, in Iran and Burma, where our people-to-people diplomacy paved the way for change on the ground,\" said Brett Bruen, who served as Obama's director of global engagement.\n\"Raul Castro and those in power in Havana are not going to loosen their grip on power because we tighten our grip on the island,\" Bruen told VOA. \"It's only going to cut off paths to opportunity and strengthen the arguments they're making that the U.S. is not a partner for the Cuban people.\"\nPrivate jeweler and electronics technician Gabriel La O repairs a mobile phone inside a government store where he rents work space in Havana, May 24, 2016. Cuba says it will legalize small and medium-sized private businesses.\nSupport on human rights\nWhile business interests have cautioned against any move that would weaken growing U.S.-Cuba trade ties, Republicans' reactions have been strongly supportive of Trump's moves. House Foreign Affairs Committee Chairman Ed Royce of California, in a statement sent to VOA, said the United States must stand with the Cuban people in their fight for basic freedoms.\n\"President Obama's new course with the Castros led to more brutality, more repression, and more political arrests in Cuba,\" Royce wrote. \"The administration is right to sideline the Cuban military and make human rights and internet access top priorities.\"\nSome Cuban-Americans praised the symbolism of Trump's rollback, if not the substance.\n\"The Castro regime has done nothing about human rights,\" said Mike Gonzalez, who as a youth in Cuba listened surreptitiously with his family to VOA shortwave radio broadcasts.\nFILE - Then-U.S. President Barack Obama attends a meeting with Cuban dissidents at the U.S. Embassy in Havana, Cuba, March 22, 2016. On the wall behind Obama is a painting, \"My New Friend,\" donated to the embassy by Michel Mirabal, a Cuban artist.\nGonzalez, now a fellow at the conservative Heritage Foundation in Washington, likened Trump's Little Havana appearance to President Ronald Reagan's famous Cold War speeches.\n\"The Brandenburg Gate speech by Reagan, where he said, 'Mr. [Mikhail] Gorbachev, tear down this wall,' in 1987, is being remembered this week because the 30th anniversary just passed, and many people are saying,'Yeah, I heard that in East Berlin, and that was powerful,' \" Gonzalez said. \"We don't have to be the world's policeman but we have to make clear to all tyrants that we are on the side of the people they oppress.\"\nAdministration officials said the changes would not go into effect immediately. The Treasury and Commerce departments will have 30 days to draft new regulations, and it will take an unspecified amount of time before implementation can take place. \"It will take as long as it takes,\" said one official.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Then-U.S. President Barack Obama attends a meeting with Cuban dissidents at the U.S. Embassy in Havana, Cuba, March 22, 2016. On the wall behind Obama is a painting, \"My New Friend,\" donated to the embassy by Michel Mirabal, a Cuban artist.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/A025E4BF-EE64-45F9-95F3-76F10F6E4052.jpg",
        "id": "2265_4",
        "answer": [
            "deal with Cuba",
            "\"wet foot/dry foot\" policy",
            "wet foot/dry foot"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Cuban",
            "Obama",
            "Barack Obama"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_16_3903404",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_16_3903404_4"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person wearing green hint towards?",
        "context": "Putin Denies Russia Meddled in US Election\nRussian President Vladimir Putin denied Tuesday that Russia interfered in last year's U.S. presidential election, saying such allegations are \"simply rumors\" that are being leveraged for political reasons in the United States.\nPutin's denial came at a joint news conference in Sochi, Russia, with German Chancellor Angela Merkel after the two leaders met amid increasingly strained relations over the war in Syria, and Russia's annexation of the Crimea region in neighboring Ukraine.\nPutin's remarks are at odds with findings from U.S. intelligence agencies that have reported Russia was responsible for the hacking of Democratic Party email accounts, which were intended to benefit Republican Donald Trump and harm his Democratic opponent, Hillary Clinton.\nIn response to a reporter's question, Merkel said she was not fearful about the threat of Russian interference during this year's German elections and would respond to inaccurate information with facts.\n\"I am not an anxious person. I will fight the election on the basis of my convictions,\" she said, adding that Germans would handle decisively any disinformation campaigns.\nBefore the meeting at the Black Sea resort in Sochi, Putin said the talks were an opportunity to discuss Ukraine and Syria, although Merkel signaled no major breakthroughs were expected.\nThe two leaders last met in Germany in October 2016 in an attempt to revive the stalled peace process in eastern Ukraine. Although a peace agreement mediated by Germany and France in 2015 has helped reduce the fighting, violence has continued.\nFILE - Pro-Russia rebels are seen driving in a convoy in Stakhanov, eastern Ukraine, April 24, 2015. Meeting Tuesday in Sochi, Russian President Vladimir Putin and German Chancellor Angela Merkel continued to disagree on the causes of the conflict in eastern Ukraine.\nDisagreements persist\nMerkel and Putin strongly disagreed Tuesday on the cause of the Ukrainian conflict. But both confirmed their support for the peace agreement.\nOn Syria, Germany has been firmly opposed to Russia's support for President Bashar al-Assad. Merkel has suggested that Russia was partly responsible for atrocities resulting from airstrikes carried out by Russian forces in civilian areas.\nPutin on Tuesday called for strengthening Syria's fragile truce. Russian-led peace negotiations involving Syrian rebels and government officials are set to begin Wednesday in Kazakhstan's capital of Astana.\n\"Our task is to create conditions for unification, the cessation of hostilities, the cessation of mutual destruction and the creation of conditions for political cooperation of all opposing sides,\" Putin said at the news conference.\nAlso during the meeting, Merkel asked Putin to help ensure the rights of gays in Chechnya, one day after Russian police arrested gay rights activists.\nDuring a May Day parade Monday in St. Petersburg, Russia's second largest city, Russian police arrested about 20 protesters, including the leader of an organization that is helping gay men escape from Chechnya, where they are reportedly subject to torture and other types of abuse.\nRussia has stringent rules on political activity in public places, and Putin defended Russian police after meeting with Merkel, saying they have acted within the law when breaking up recent rallies.\n\"Russia's law-enforcement bodies behave in a far more restrained manner than their colleagues in other European countries,\" Putin said at the news conference.\nTuesday's trip to Russia was Merkel's first for a bilateral meeting there since Russia annexed Ukraine's Crimean peninsula in 2014, which precipitated the most intense confrontation between Moscow and the West since the Cold War.\n",
        "caption": "Russian President Vladimir Putin, right, gestures as he and German Chancellor Angela Merkel speak to the media after their talks at Putin's residence in the Russian Black Sea resort of Sochi, Russia, Tuesday, May 2, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/14E51F78-9C00-427C-B8DF-C40E487DC35A.jpg",
        "id": "32628_1_3",
        "answer": [
            "no major breakthroughs were expected"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Merkel"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_02_3834561",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_02_3834561_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "How many people have become like those in the image?",
        "context": "UN: Attacks on Civilian Areas Have Killed Hundreds of Children in Yemen\nThe war in Yemen has taken the lives of nearly 1,400 children and forced the closure of almost 2,000 schools, some of which are now being used as shelters for displaced families, a United Nations children's fund representative said Wednesday.\n\u201cThis is the latest example of how attacks on civilian areas continue to kill and injure children in Yemen. Instead of learning, children are witnessing death, war and destruction,\" Meritxell Relano, UNICEF's Yemen representative said.\nAccording to Relano, more than 2,140 children have been wounded, in addition to those who have been killed, since the Yemeni conflict escalated in March 2015 when Saudi Arabia joined Yemen's government to fight Iran-backed Houthi rebels.\nRelano said the actual numbers \"are likely to be much higher.\"\nFollowing two airstrikes near a school outside Yemen's capital of Sana'a Tuesday that killed one girl and injured four more, Relano called on both sides to protect children and stop attacks on civilian areas.\n\u201cSchools should be zones of peace at all times, a sanctuary where children can learn, grow, play and be safe. Children should never risk their lives only to attend school,\" she said.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A man sits as others stand near the wrapped up bodies of children, one day after they were killed in a Saudi-led airstrike on their house in Bajil district of the Red Sea province of Houdieda, Yemen, Oct. 8, 2016. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/5A8C22D5-3DF9-420F-876B-1F96DE17DB92.jpg",
        "id": "5160_1",
        "answer": [
            "nearly 1,400"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "children"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_11_3671909",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_11_3671909_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the country of the balding person in the image admit?",
        "context": "Egypt Panel Defies Parliament on Red Sea Islands Transfer\nCAIRO \u2014\u00a0\nA senior constitutional panel in Egypt has concluded that two courts, which ruled to annul an agreement to transfer control of two Red Sea islands to Saudi Arabia, acted within their jurisdiction. \nThe panel's report, published Thursday in Egyptian media, defies Egypt's parliament, which the previous day overwhelmingly backed the 2016 deal on the islands transfer. It also signals the start of what is potentially a destabilizing legal battle between the judiciary and the legislative branch of government.\nThe outcome of the vote was a foregone conclusion since the legislature is packed by supporters of Egyptian President Abdel Fattah el-Sissi whose government insists the islands belong to Saudi Arabia.\nThe panel's report is meant as a guideline for the Supreme Constitutional Court, which is due to start hearings July 30 on whether the courts had acted within their jurisdiction when they ruled in June 2016 and in January this year to annul the deal. The panel's findings are not binding, but are rarely ignored.\nSissi must sign off on parliament's ratification of the agreement before the transfer of the islands can take place. It was not immediately clear whether the president would do that before the constitutional court meets next month.\nGovernment supporters in parliament have insisted that the 596-seat chamber alone had the right to ratify or reject the agreement, signed during an April 2016 visit to Cairo by Saudi King Salman.\nFILE - Egyptian President Abdel Fattah el-Sissi, left, shakes hands with Saudi Arabia's King Salman before he departs Egypt, April 11, 2016.\nThe government insists the islands of Tiran and Sanafir at the mouth of the Gulf of Aqaba were always Saudi but placed under Egypt's protection in the early 1950s amid Arab-Israeli tensions. Critics have linked the islands transfer to the billions of dollars in Saudi aid given to Sissi's government, saying it amounts to a sell-off of sovereign territory.\nThe government, loyal media and lawmakers have gone to great lengths to support Saudi ownership of the islands, a stand that many Egyptians have found to be unusual and vexing given the strategic value of the islands.\nTiran, a popular destination for Red Sea divers, controls a narrow shipping lane that leads to and from the ports of Eilat and Aqaba, in Israel and Jordan respectively. Egypt's unilateral closure of that lane was among the main reasons behind the outbreak of the 1967 Arab-Israeli war, in which Egypt lost the entire Sinai Peninsula. Control over Sinai was restored to Egypt under its 1979 peace treaty with Israel.\n\u201cIt is the first time in history ... that a state volunteers to prove the right of another state to territory that is under its complete sovereignty and is linked to its national interest,\u201d prominent columnist Abdullah el-Sennawy wrote Thursday. \u201cSo much so, that some officials and lawmakers seemed more enthusiastic than the Saudis themselves\u201d about the transfer of the islands.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Egyptian President Abdel Fattah el-Sissi, left, shakes hands with Saudi Arabia's King Salman before he departs Egypt, April 11, 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B0482CC9-1819-4BA3-AD75-1E73F71A26BE.jpg",
        "id": "26991_2",
        "answer": [
            "the islands belong to Saudi Arabia"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Abdel Fattah el-Sissi"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_15_3902049",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_15_3902049_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where else were people joining the activities of the woman in the image?",
        "context": "In Turkey, Crackdown on Academics Heats Up\nISTANBUL \u2014\u00a0\nAcademics and students protested Tuesday outside Istanbul's Marmara University, criticizing the latest wave of firings of scholars under emergency rule.\nThe university saw some of its top staff fired this month, under an emergency decree that removed 330 academics nationwide, along with 4,000 civil servants.\nAmong those dismissed is Marmara University's internationally renowned professor Ibrahim Kaboglu, one of Turkey's foremost constitutional law experts.\n\u201cThere is no reason for my sacking,\u201d said Kaboglu, adding that \u201cas a law person I cannot give you any reason, because every judicial process, even the tiniest one, should have a reason and justification. And as a person who made calls for our students to be against violence, and to be for peace all my life, I cannot see any reason for my dismissal.\u201d\nSince the introduction of emergency rule following July's failed coup, more than 5,000 academics have been purged, accused of supporting terrorist organizations and the failed coup.\nRiot police detain a demonstrator during a protest against the dismissal of academics from universities following a post-coup emergency decree, outside the Cebeci campus in Ankara, Turkey, Feb. 10, 2017.\nTroubled for future of education\nBut this latest wave of removals included many top scholars from Turkey's leading universities, prompting fears about the future of Turkey's higher education.\n\u201cThese people being purged are not just democratic left-oriented people, they are very good scientists, very good academicians,\u201d warned associate political science professor Ismet Akca, himself recently removed from his post at Istanbul Yildiz Technical University. \u201cBy purging them, the government is also attacking the very idea of the higher education, the very idea of the universities in this country.\u201d\nAkca says he, like many of his colleagues, was fired for signing a petition calling for an end to fighting between the Turkish state and Kurdish insurgents. He says the purge is about silencing critical voices.\nThe list of those purged this month reads like a list of who's who in Turkish academia, in such areas as constitutional law, neurology, theater, music and political science. Ankara University, which has for decades educated many of Turkey's political leaders and diplomats, saw dozens of its staff fired.\nFormer Turkish President Abdullah Gul waves as he leaves a memorial service for the victims of the thwarted coup in Istanbul, July 17, 2016.\nLatest firings condemned \nLast week, police violently broke up a protest by academics and students at the university, but unrest is continuing.\nThe latest wave of firings has been strongly condemned by opposition parties. Concern also has been expressed by former President Abdullah Gul, who is a founding member of the ruling AK Party.\n\u201cFollowing these events with sorrow, and have seen many instances regarding these dismissed academics that do not sit well with one's conscience, and even less so with justice. The increasing frequency of events like this, particularly in the scholarly world and in universities, is both disturbing and painful,\u201d Gul said speaking to TV reporters.\nIn a rare show of dissent, some in the normally disciplined pro-government media have expressed criticism. These include influential columnists, some of whom condemned many of the firings outright.\nPrime Minister Binali Yildirim addresses members of parliament at the Turkish parliament in Ankara, Nov. 8, 2016.\nPrime minister promises 're-evaluation'\nSensing growing unease, Prime Minister Binali Yildirim sought Tuesday to allay concerns, in his weekly address to his parliamentary deputies.\n\u201cIn order to find a judicial remedy for any injustices, if there are any, we have formed a re-evaluation mechanism regarding the latest decree. This committee will consist of seven members, who will examine all the objections and then make a decision,\u201d said Yildirim.\nCritics already have condemned the move, claiming it undermines a fundamental principle of innocence until proven guilty. The independence of those on the committee also has been questioned.\nUnrest is reportedly spreading to universities across the country, with students boycotting classes and holding protests.\nThat will most likely continue, with analysts warning further purges are likely.\nClimate of fear\nFor students and academics at Marmara University, there is defiance and foreboding, \u201cWe could be pessimistic but we are trying not to be, for continuing our struggle,\u201d said a defiant film student who did not want to give his name for fear of retribution.\nAcademics warn of a climate of fear in universities. \u201cMost of the people still at universities prefer to be silent; they develop auto-control mechanism,\u201d warned associate professor Akca, \u201cbecause there is high oppression on all of the university, there is enormous restriction of the freedom of expression, freedom of research.\u201d\nKaboglu, now jobless, continues to advocate for the rule of law and due process as the only way out of the current turmoil. \u201cIf all the citizens can meet on the common ground of law, then we can see our future bright. Because everyone needs law.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "Riot police detain a demonstrator during a protest against the dismissal of academics from universities following a post-coup emergency decree, outside the Cebeci campus in Ankara, Turkey, Feb. 10, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/48E2ECA7-8F82-4090-A128-FE80B93CE0D8.jpg",
        "id": "25352_2",
        "answer": [
            "Istanbul's Marmara University"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "protest"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_14_3724549",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_14_3724549_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who is the person from the image now criticizing?",
        "context": "US: More Pressure on Russia Needed to Halt Syrian Conflict \nUNITED NATIONS \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Nikki Haley ratcheted up her rhetoric against Russia on Thursday, saying more pressure needs to be put on Moscow to stop the war in Syria.\n\"Many of you said we need to put pressure on the Syrian regime; that's actually not the case. We need to put pressure on Russia,\" Haley told her counterparts on the 15-nation Security Council.\nThe council was holding its monthly meeting on the humanitarian situation in Syria, where U.N. aid chief Stephen O'Brien told them that at least six hospitals and three schools have been bombed there this month, and a \"noose has tightened\" around besieged eastern Ghouta, where some 400,000 people have been cut off from U.N. aid convoys since October 2016.\n\"All eyes and all pressure now need to go to Russia, because they are the ones that could stop this if they wanted to,\" Haley said.\nA view shows the damage at a hospital after an airstrike in Deir al-Sharqi village in Idlib province, Syria, April 27, 2017.\nThe U.S. envoy said the regime of Bashar al-Assad has been emboldened by its continued protection from Moscow.\n\"Because Russia continues to cover for the Syrian regime, Russia continues to allow them to keep humanitarian aid from the people that need it, Russia continues to cover for a leader that uses chemical weapons against his own people, Russia continues to veto and Assad continues to do these things, because they know Russia will continue to cover for him,\" Haley said.\n\"I will continue to press the Security Council to act, to do something regardless if the Russians continue to veto it, because it is our voice that needs to be heard,\" she added.\nRussia has used its veto eight times in the 6-year-long conflict to protect the Assad regime from sanctions and other international action.\nRussian response\n\"The ongoing criticism of the Syrian government and the emotional calls to the country guarantors, including Russia, don't help anything,\" Russia's acting ambassador Petr Illichev told council members. \"We are carrying out our obligations in good faith; there are other important players who are not hurrying to meet us halfway.\"\nRussia, along with Iran and Turkey, led talks in Astana, Kazakhstan, that led to a cessation of hostilities in December that can be described as shaky at best. But the Russian envoy told council members that, \"In Syria as a whole, the cessation of hostilities is holding.\"\nFILE - A still image taken from a video posted to a social media website on April 4, 2017, shows people lying on the ground, said to be in the town of Khan Sheikhoun, after what rescue workers described as a suspected gas attack in rebel-held Idlib, Syria.\nThis despite a poison gas attack earlier this month and ongoing shelling, airstrikes and ground fighting in several parts of the country.\nIsraeli airstrikes\nEarlier Thursday, the Russian government called on Israel and other countries to avoid any actions that may escalate tension in Syria, after Syrian officials accused Israel of conducting airstrikes against an arms supply hub near Damascus International Airport.\n\"All countries need to refrain from any kind of actions that lead to an increase in tension in this already restive region,\" Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov told reporters in Moscow.\nPeskov also said Syria's sovereignty should be respected.\nThe arms hub is operated by the Lebanese group Hezbollah. Syrian rebel and regional intelligence sources said the strikes targeted weapons that were shipped from Iran on military and commercial cargo planes.\nThroughout the Syrian war, which began in March 2011, Israel has made it clear it would not allow shipments of weapons from Iran to Hezbollah units fighting in Syria. Israeli forces have on multiple occasions used airstrikes or other attacks to stop such moves, with the military often declining to confirm it was responsible for the strikes.\nHezbollah and Israel fought each other in the 2006 Lebanon War.\nVOA's Chris Hannas contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Nikki Haley shows pictures of Syrian victims of chemical attacks as she addresses a meeting of the Security Council on Syria at U.N. headquarters, in New York, April 5, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/13F93329-107C-4074-8EF8-CBBB6587486D.jpg",
        "id": "4693_1",
        "answer": [
            "U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Nikki Haley ratcheted up her rhetoric against Russia on Thursday, saying more pressure needs to be put on Moscow to stop the war in Syria.",
            "Syrian regime"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Nikki Haley"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_27_3828389",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_27_3828389_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What stirring comment did the blonde person in the image make?",
        "context": "French National Front Has Third Leader in One Week \nFrance's far-right National Front, the party of presidential candidate Marine Le Pen, has replaced its leader for the second time in three days.\nJean-Francois Jalkh, who was named interim president of the party on Tuesday after Le Pen stepped down, was forced to vacate the office in response to allegations he praised a Holocaust denier. He also expressed doubts about the reality of Nazi gas chambers, which killed millions of Jews during World War II.\nJalkh is being replaced by Steeve Briois. Each has served as one of the party's five vice presidents.\nAnother party vice president, Louis Aliot \u2014 Marine Le Pen's partner \u2014 told reporters that Briois would take over the interim leadership and \u201cthere'll be no more talk about it.\"\nIt is a blow to the campaign of Le Pen, who had a better-than-expected showing in French elections on Sunday and faces a runoff with centrist rival Emmanuel Macron on May 7.\nLe Pen raised controversy earlier in the campaign by saying France was not responsible for the roundup and demise of thousands of Parisian Jews during World War II.\nIronically, she expelled her father, party founder Jean-Marie Le Pen, from the party in 2015 because he referred to the Holocaust as a \u201cdetail of history.\u201d\nMacron is expected to win the May 7 runoff, but experts say an unexpected voter turnout could rock the results to one side or the other.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - From left, Marine Le Pen, Jean-Francois Jalkh and Florian Philippot of the National Front party arrive at the Elysee Palace for a meeting with French President Francois Hollande in Paris, May 16, 2014.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/091B37C3-8AE9-406D-B0FC-6E850052286C.jpg",
        "id": "32100_1",
        "answer": [
            "saying France was not responsible for the roundup and demise of thousands of Parisian Jews during World War II"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Le Pen"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_28_3830375",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_28_3830375_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What are the people in the image trying to do?",
        "context": "OPEC, Non-OPEC Nations Poised to Extend Output Cuts\nVIENNA \u2014\u00a0\nOPEC and other oil nations meeting Thursday appeared set to extend their production cuts in an effort to shore up prices. But the intended impact could be short-lived.\nThat's due to U.S. shale producers. With crude prices above $50 a barrel from lows of last year, they are increasingly moving back into the market. Their output already is partially offsetting the cuts, and even more U.S. companies are poised to return if prices rise further.\nThe upshot is that the price of oil \u2014 and derived products like fuel \u2014 is unlikely to increase much in coming months, analysts say. That will be welcome news to consumers and energy-hungry businesses worldwide but could continue to strain the budgets of some of the more economically-troubled oil-producing nations, like Venezuela and Brazil.\nThe latest reductions have been in effect since November, when the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries agreed to cut production by 1.2 million barrels a day. Non-OPEC countries led by Russia chipped in with a further 600,000-barrel reduction.\nAhead of the meeting, the organization announced that Equatorial Guinea had joined, expanding OPEC membership to 14.\nWith the deal due to expire at the end of June, OPEC oil ministers appeared ready to prolong it up to nine months even before they sat down to make a formal decision.\nSaudi Oil Minister Khalid A. al-Falih spoke of a \"9-month straight'' extension going into Thursday's meeting. Iran's Bijan Namdar Zanganeh floated possible extensions of three months, six months or even a year and said his country had ``no difficulty\" with any of the options, while Jabbar Ali Hussein al-Luiebi, his Iraqi counterpart, mentioned \"the scenario of a nine-month freeze.\"\nAl-Falih said that the cuts had achieved a key aim. \"Inventories are drawing down,\" he told reporters.\nBut even with the reductions, oil prices have risen less than OPEC hoped for from last year's levels. At over $50 a barrel, benchmark crude sits substantially below the highs reached in 2014, but is priced high enough to bring back into the market U.S. producers who eased back as prices tumbled last year. U.S. shale production requires a higher price to be profitable.\nU.S. output since last year has increased by nearly a million barrels a day to a daily 9 million barrels. That already puts American producers in the league with oil giants Saudi Arabia and Russia and cuts further into OPEC's past ability to play a role in setting prices and supplies.\nMohammed Bin Saleh al-Sada, Minister of Energy and Industry of Qatar speaks to journalists prior to the start of a meeting of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, OPEC, at their headquarters in Vienna, Austria, May 25, 2017.\nMore than 400 oil rigs are now working U.S. shale fields \u2014 an increase of more than 120 percent compared with a year ago. And U.S. producers are poised to expand more, even if prices tick upward only moderately as a result of an oil-cut extension by OPEC and its partners.\nCommerzbank cited data from the U.S. Department of Energy saying U.S. production was roughly 540,000 barrels per day higher in mid-May than at the start of the year.\n\"This offsets nearly half of OPEC's production cuts,\" it noted.\nEven a decision to maintain oil cuts thus is likely to only kick the can down the road from Thursday's meeting until OPEC ministers convene again late this year. Crude prices are unlikely to rise substantially \u2014 and that means the era of windfall profits appears to be over for member nations, at least for now.\nWhile analysts at research firm IHS Markit expect OPEC revenues to rise modestly this year after dropping from their peak of $1.2 trillion in 2012, \"the total will be less than half the level of 2012, when prices were more than double current levels.\"\n",
        "caption": "General view of a meeting of oil ministers of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting countries, OPEC, at their headquarters in Vienna, Austria, May 25, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F57E9832-5460-46BE-8FAA-FDBC6BE39739.jpg",
        "id": "7028_1",
        "answer": [
            "extend their production cuts in an effort to shore up prices"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "oil ministers of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting countries",
            "OPEC"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_25_3870635",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_25_3870635_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who are the people in the image increasing the numbers for?",
        "context": "US Military Coalition Advisers Doubled in Iraq\nThe U.S.-led coalition has doubled to 450 the number of advisers assisting Iraqi forces fighting Islamic State militants.\nThe top U.S. spokesman for the campaign to retake Mosul said Wednesday that the additional forces will help accelerate the battle. \n\"We have increased the number of \u2018advise and assist\u2019 forces that are there with the ISF [Iraqi Security Forces] command elements to help advise them as they move forward and to synchronize operations,\" coalition spokesman Colonel John Dorrian said in a videoconference from Baghdad.\nThere are about 5,000 American military personnel in Iraq, according to the coalition, and U.S. special forces personnel also have fought IS on the ground.\nMore than 125,000 Iraqis have been displaced since the Mosul offensive began in October, according to the United Nations.\nThe Pentagon estimates there are still 3,000 to 5,000 IS fighters in Mosul.\n",
        "caption": "U.S. soldiers gather at a military base north of Mosul, Iraq, Jan. 4, 2017. The U.S.-led coalition has doubled the number of its military advisers in Iraq, bringing the total to 450.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/5D87D3EF-C660-43C6-AD01-6BB3DE12CE70.jpg",
        "id": "18951_1",
        "answer": [
            "Iraqi forces fighting Islamic State militants."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "U.S."
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_04_3663296",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_04_3663296_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did people like the person in the image do?",
        "context": "Somali Forces Free 8 Sailors Kidnapped by Pirates\nSomali officials say security forces have rescued eight Indian sailors who were taken to land by pirates on Monday.\nThe mayor of Hobyo town, Abdullahai Ahmed Ali, told VOA's Somali service Wednesday that the sailors from MSV Al Kausar are safe and in the hands of the security forces.\n\u201cThe captain is riding the car with me,\u201d Ali said.\nHe said the security forces detained four pirates who were holding the crew after moving them from their boat off the coast of Hobyo.\nTwo other sailors had been found on the boat after the security forces took it over during the early hours of Monday, bringing the total crew to 10. Initially maritime sources put the number of sailors at 11.\nThe boat was taken by the pirates on April 1 off the coast of Somalia while transporting commercial goods to the town of Kismayo.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - In this photo taken March 6, 2017, a Somali government soldier walks on the beach in Eyl, in Somalia's semiautonomous northeastern state of Puntland. Somali pirates have seized a small boat, kidnapped its Indian crew members, and are taking the ves",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/11C76666-45D9-447C-8B71-F30F51D6EF52.jpg",
        "id": "5321_1",
        "answer": [
            "Free 8 Sailors Kidnapped by Pirates",
            "rescued eight Indian sailors who were taken to land by pirates on Monday"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Somali government soldier",
            "Somali"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_12_3806794",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_12_3806794_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Why are the animals in the image in demand?",
        "context": "S. African Court Lifts Ban on Domestic Sales of Rhino Horn\nJOHANNESBURG \u2014\u00a0\nSouth Africa's Constitutional Court has dismissed an appeal by the Department of Environmental Affairs to keep a moratorium on the domestic trade in rhino horn, according to court documents Reuters saw Wednesday.\nPelham Jones, chairman of South Africa's Private Rhino Owners Association (PROA), which was one of the respondents in the case, told Reuters the decision meant that the sale of rhino horns was legal in South Africa.\n\"We welcome the Constitutional Court ruling. We believe it is a right we have been entitled to,\" he said.\nA global ban in the horn trade, which is regulated by a U.N. convention, remains in place, which means horn acquired legally in South Africa cannot be exported from the country.\nLast May, South Africa's Supreme Court of Appeal dismissed the government's bid to uphold a ban on the domestic trade in rhino horn, which was put in place in 2009. The Constitutional Court was its last judicial option.\n\"This court ... has concluded that the application should be dismissed with costs as it lacks reasonable prospects of success,\" the Constitutional Court said in a brief order.\nA spokeswoman for South Africa's Department of Environmental Affairs said it would issue a statement shortly.\nNeed to cover costs\nPrivate rhino ranchers and other associations initiated the court action, saying they needed to sell horn to be able to afford spiraling security costs that include armed patrols, helicopters and electric fencing.\nAccording to the latest figures from PROA, over 6,500 rhinos are in private hands in South Africa, over a third of the national population.\nRhino horn can be harvested as it grows back and it can be removed from a tranquilized animal.\nFILE - Then-U.S. Secretary of the Interior Sally Jewell talks with investigators near the carcass of a poached rhino in Kruger National Park, South Africa\u2019s biggest wildlife reserve, Jan. 29, 2016.\nThe government has not revealed the size of its rhino horn stockpile, but PROA estimates its members have around 6 tons and reckons the state has close to 25 tons. The combined 31 tons could fetch $2 billion by some estimates.\nConservationists have expressed concerns that domestic buyers could also illicitly supply markets in Vietnam and China, where demand for rhino horn \u2014 coveted as an ingredient in traditional medicine \u2014 has triggered a wave of poaching.\nThe number of rhinos poached for their horns in South Africa fell 10 percent in 2016 to 1,054, the second straight year of decline, according to government data, but conservationists have said the levels remain alarming.\nEarlier spike\nPoaching incidents in South Africa had surged from 83 in 2008 to a record 1,215 in 2014 to meet red-hot demand in newly affluent Asian countries such as Vietnam.\nSouth Africa has more than 80 percent of the world's rhino population, with about 18,000 white rhinos and close to 2,000 black rhinos, which is why it has been at the front line of the horn-poaching crisis involving global crime syndicates.\nBut Jones said PROA was consulting with security firms to ensure \"blood horns\" did not enter the market.\n\"We are in an advanced stage of setting up a domestic trade desk and are consulting with economists to determine market prices,\" he told Reuters.\nTrade will still be subject to regulation by the government, which issues permits. Potential domestic buyers could include those who see rhino horn as a store of wealth that could appreciate in value and those who want it as a decoration.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Rhinos walk in the Hluhluwe-Imfolozi game reserve in South Africa, Dec. 20, 2015.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/120F3C79-0139-481D-929B-6FD996EB6AFE.jpg",
        "id": "2069_1",
        "answer": [
            "rhino horn"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "South Africa"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_05_3797930",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_05_3797930_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What was the person with black hair in the image informed about?",
        "context": "N. Korea Concerns on Forefront on Secretary of State Tillerson's Visit to China\nBEIJING \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson says the U.S. and China feel a sense of urgency about North Korea, which on Sunday tested a high-thrust rocket that it called the \u201cnew birth\u201d of its rocket industry.\nConcerns about North Korea and its increasingly threatening behavior dominated discussions during Tillerson\u2019s first trip to the region, which included stops in Japan, South Korea and China, the final stop.\nWATCH: US Looks for New Way Forward on North Korea\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nUS Looks for New Way Forward on North Korea\nShare this video\n0:02:23\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:23\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 6.6MB\n360p | 10.3MB\n720p | 61.5MB\nThe administration of Donald Trump is looking for a new way forward on the issue and clearly finding a way to work together with China on the regional flash point is key.\n\"We've committed ourselves to do everything we can to prevent any type of conflict from breaking out. And we view there are a number of steps that we can take that are in front of us,\u201d Tillerson said, speaking at a joint news conference with Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi.\nNeither Tillerson nor Wang elaborated what steps are under consideration and it's still unclear whether Washington and Beijing see eye to eye on the issue.\nBefore Tillerson arrived in Beijing, President Donald Trump criticized China for not doing enough.\n\"North Korea is behaving badly. They have been playing the United States for years. China has done little to help!\" Trump said in the tweet.\nBut Wang told Tillerson it is everyone\u2019s responsibility to \u201cimplement sanctions\u201d and try and \u201crestart talks.\u201d\nEarlier in Tokyo, Tillerson declared that diplomatic and other efforts over the past 20 years to put an end North Korea's nuclear ambitions have failed.\nU.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson is welcomed by his Japanese counterpart Fumio Kishida at the Iikura Guesthouse in Tokyo, March 16, 2017.\nAll options on the table\nIn Seoul, He said all options are on the table, including military measures.\n\u201cIf North Korea takes actions that threatens South Korean forces or our own forces, then that would be met with an appropriate response. If they elevate the threat of their weapons program to a level that we believe requires action, that option is on the table,\u201d said Tillerson at a joint news conference with South Korean Foreign Minister Yun Byung-se.\nUS Secretary of State Rex Tillerson, left, speaks as South Korean Foreign Minister Yun Byung-se looks on during a press conference in Seoul, March 17, 2017.\nSome experts argue it\u2019s not a tougher approach that is needed, but direct talks without pre-conditions.\n\u201cOf course there is no guarantee for success. Right now the status-quo is not working. Time is not on our side,\u201d said James McKeon, a policy analyst at the Center for Arms Control and Non-Proliferation.\n\u201dThe North Koreans continue to advance their nuclear and ballistic missile capabilities to the point that they are now, not necessarily testing their missiles, they are showing off their missiles' capabilities.\"\nEarlier this month, North Korea conducted its latest missile launch, firing four missiles into the Sea of Japan. The ballistic missiles landed inside Japan's exclusive economic zone \u2014 an area according to international law that extends 200 kilometers off a country's coastline.\nRocket engine test\nOn Sunday, news of the rocket engine test came not long before Tillerson met with Chinese President Xi Jinping.\nNorth Korean leader Kim Jong Un said the test was successful and that \u201cthe world will soon witness the great significance of the epoch-making victory\u201d that Pyongyang has achieved.\nThe test consisted of firing the rocket engine while it was held in place on the ground, not powering a missile. The ignition took place at the Tongchang-ri rocket launch station, near the North\u2019s border with China, according to North Korea media.\nDuring Tillerson\u2019s meeting with Chinese President Xi on Sunday, the two discussed efforts to arrange a planned meeting between President Trump and Xi. Diplomatic sources told VOA the meeting from April 6-7 will take place at Trump\u2019s Mar-a-Lago resort in Florida.\nTillerson told Xi that President Trump looks forward to enhancing the understanding between the two countries, and \u201cthe opportunity for a visit in the future.\u201d\nTillerson: Trump Places High Value on Communication with China\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTillerson: Trump Places High Value on Communication with China\nShare this video\n0:00:31\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:31\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 1.1MB\n360p | 1.4MB\n480p | 7.5MB\nWorking together to get North Korea to change course is something Trump and Xi will need to work out face to face.\n",
        "caption": "Chinese President Xi Jinping (R) shakes hands with U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson before their meeting at at the Great Hall of the People on March 19, 2017 in Beijing, China. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F2D2C0E8-8F2B-49B1-B2BD-31417D5DF0C1.jpg",
        "id": "32951_1_1",
        "answer": [
            "the rocket engine test"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Xi Jinping"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_19_3772482",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_19_3772482_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What region in the country did the event in the image occur in?",
        "context": "Taliban Assault on Afghan Military Base Kills 16 Soldiers\nISLAMABAD \u2014\u00a0\nThe Taliban has attacked security outposts around a military base in southern Afghanistan, killing at least 16 government soldiers and wounding many others, officials said Friday.\nThe overnight attack in the Shah Wali Kot district in Kandahar province triggered intense clashes, killing at least 27 insurgents, police spokesman Zia Durani told VOA.\nHe also confirmed that at least four Afghan soldiers were taken hostage by the Taliban and retreating insurgents did not retrieve bodies of their fighters from the battlefield.\nA spokesman for the Islamist insurgency took responsibility for the raid, claiming the fighting left 35 soldiers dead while another eight were captured. It was not possible to independently verify the insurgent toll.\nBoth sides are known for releasing inflated figures.\nThursday\u2019s raid was the second on the military base this week. A nighttime Taliban attack Monday killed 20 security forces and wounded 15 more.\nLate on Wednesday, insurgents staged a surprise assault on an army base in the province\u2019s Maiwand district and killed 13 soldiers.\nThe insurgents have repeatedly targeted major Afghan army bases during this year\u2019s fighting, inflicting heavy casualties on government forces. Their campaign started with last month\u2019s attack on the main regional military base located outside the northern city of Mazar-i-Sharif.\nThe deadliest-ever Taliban raid killed more than 150 soldiers, although multiple independent sources gave a much higher death toll.\nIncreased casualties have fueled concerns about the capacity of Afghan forces. Corruption, desertion and \u201cghost soldiers\u201d - those who exist on the payroll but whose salaries are usurped by corrupt commanders - are cited as the primary causes for battlefield setbacks.\nAround 300 soldiers have been killed since March in militant attacks on Afghan military installations, including a deadly gun-and-bomb raid on the largest military hospital in Kabul, claimed by Islamic State loyalists. The attack killed 50 people.\n",
        "caption": "Afghan policemen transport the body of a police after gunmen attack in Jalalabad city eastern Afghanistan, May 17, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/BB492B79-8BC3-4032-AAA4-A09B8D56C645.jpg",
        "id": "23118_1",
        "answer": [
            "Kandahar province"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "attack"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_26_3872537",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_26_3872537_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What official activities preceded the event in the image?",
        "context": "Tunisian IS Suspect Arrested Over Attack Plot in Germany\nBERLIN \u2014\u00a0\nA Tunisian man suspected of being a recruiter for the Islamic State group and building a network of supporters to carry out an attack in Germany was arrested Wednesday in Frankfurt as authorities raided dozens of locations. Authorities said that Tunisian officials also suspect the man of involvement in a deadly attack on a museum in his homeland in 2015.\nFrankfurt prosecutors said their investigation focused on 16 people aged between 16 and 46. The main suspect, a 36-year-old Tunisian whom authorities didn't identify, was arrested on suspicion of supporting a foreign terrorist organization.\nInvestigators believe that he had been a recruiter and smuggler for the IS group since August 2015. They suspect that he had built up a network of supporters with the aim, among other things, of carrying out an attack in Germany. However, they say that plans for an attack were at an early stage and no specific target had been chosen.\nThe main suspect was in Germany from 2003 to 2013, then returned in August 2015 as an asylum-seeker using a different name, authorities said. He was arrested a year later in Frankfurt, because he had not finished serving a 2008 sentence for bodily harm.\nTunisia was also seeking his extradition at the time - the man was under investigation for alleged involvement in planning and carrying out the March 2015 attack on the Bardo museum in Tunis, as well as a March 2016 attack on the border town of Ben Guerdane.\nIn November, he was released again because he had served out his previous sentence and Tunisia had failed to provide full documentation to support his extradition within the required 40-day deadline, prosecutors said. However, he was kept under round-the-clock surveillance until Wednesday's arrest.\nThe spokesman for Tunisia's national prosecutor, Sofiane Selliti, said Wednesday that authorities were awaiting formal identification from Germany to confirm that the suspect is the man sought and to begin formal extradition proceedings.\nWednesday's raids covered 54 apartments, business premises and mosques in Frankfurt and the surrounding region. Officials said the raids followed a four-month investigation.\nIn a separate case, prosecutors in Berlin said that they arrested three people Tuesday night suspected of planning to travel to Syria or Iraq to undergo explosives and weapons training with IS.\nAll three were associated with the Fussilet mosque in Berlin, known as a gathering point for radicals, said Martin Steltner, a spokesman for prosecutors.\nBerlin Christmas market attacker Anis Amri - a Tunisian who used multiple identities and whose asylum request had been rejected - visited the mosque shortly before his Dec. 19 rampage, in which 12 people were killed.\nOn Wednesday, Germany's Cabinet approved a plan that will allow authorities to make extremists deemed to pose a possible security threat wear electronic ankle monitors - part of a package of measures meant to avoid a repeat of mistakes made in keeping track of Amri.\n",
        "caption": "A German police officer walks into a mosque during a terror raid in Frankfurt, Germany, Feb. 1, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/6905D3C4-4D29-42D5-A797-90839011D28F.jpg",
        "id": "30337_1",
        "answer": [
            "a four-month investigation"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "raid"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_01_3701493",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_01_3701493_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What decisions of the man on the right in the image makes the man on the left not happy?",
        "context": "Ankara Threatens Military Action Against Kurdish Groups Despite Ally Warnings\nISTANBUL \u2014\u00a0\nTurkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan repeatedly has warned that force will be used to end the presence of Kurdish groups YPG and PKK in Syria and Iraq.\n\"We do not differentiate between terrorist organizations. Daesh, YPG, al-Qaida are all the same for us,\" Erdogan said Wednesday at a press conference, with his Russian counterpart Vladimir Putin, in the Black Sea resort of Sochi.\nErdogan said the nation's forces will continue to carry out military operations across its southern borders. \"It is better for them to live in fear than us being worried about terror attacks,\u201d Erdogan said Sunday, warning of a military cross-border operation.\nTurkish jets struck the Iraqi Sinjar region last month, targeting the Syrian Kurdish militia the YPG and PKK.\nAnkara asserts that the YPG is an affiliate of the PKK, which is fighting the Turkish government for greater minority rights, and is designated as a terrorist organization by the United States and European Union.\nBut Washington views the YPG as the most effective force in fighting so-called Islamic State in Syria.\nA U.S. military commander, second from right, walks with Kurdish fighters from the People's Protection Units (YPG) at the YPG headquarters that was hit by Turkish airstrikes in Mount Karachok near Malikiya, Syria, April 25, 2017.\nBacked by U.S. forces, the Kurdish militia has made sweeping gains in the region against the jihadists.\n\u201cAs we speak, the PKK is building a new state,\u201d according to political consultant Atilla Yesilada of Global Source Partners, who says such success is forcing Ankara\u2019s hand.\n\u201cI understand the Syrian Kurds' own aspirations to form a new state. But the human infrastructure, or governance infrastructure, is captured by PKK. The PYD and YPG is nothing but PKK, and Turkey cannot allow that,\u201d said Yesilada.\nTurkish infantry and armor are steadily being built up along the border of regions under YPG control. Analysts suggest any incursion could seek to break up the corridor of territory carved out by the Syrian Kurdish militia, with Turkish forces seeking to work with local Arab tribes in the region.\nIn a move widely seen to deter further Turkish military action against the YPG, Washington and Moscow have deployed armed forces in Syrian and Iraqi Kurdish regions close to the Turkish frontier.\nThe deployment is part of a growing U.S. military presence, \u201cIn Northern Syria there are four forward operation bases used by US armed forces as well as two military airstrips expanded, so the deployment is not insignificant,\u201d points out Aydin Selcen, a former senior Turkish diplomat who widely served across the region.\nA Turkish presidential advisor has warned US forces could be inadvertently hit by future attacks. \"It doesn\u2019t matter whether they [U.S.] are patrolling there. If those PKK terrorists continue their activities within Turkey,\u201d said presidential advisor Ilnur Cevik in a radio interview Wednesday. \"Suddenly you could happen to see there are few missiles that hit them [Americans] accidentally, too!\u201d\nCevik later attempted to walk back the comment in a tweet,\u201cTurkey has never and will never hit its allies anywhere, and that includes the U.S. in Syria.\u201d\nExperts warn that any cross-border operation carries major risks.\n\u201cThis would be an adventure, because Turkey has enough problems within the country, and Turkey has enough problems beyond its borders. Already there are substantial Turkish forces in Syria,\u201d said retired general Haldun Solmazturk, a veteran of past Turkish military incursions into Iraq against the PKK. \"The last thing Turkey needs is a further intervention and further escalation, not only with the United States, but with Russia, with Damascus, with Arab countries, or Iran. I mean Turkey has already isolated itself enough.\"\nFILE - Bullets lie next to a gun at a Sinjar Resistance Units (YBS) check point, a militia affiliated with the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK), in the village of Umm al-Dhiban, northern Iraq, April 30, 2016.\nDuring his Sochi meeting, Erdogan reportedly challenged Putin over Russian forces supporting Syrian Kurdish militia the YPG. Erdogan also is expected to press the issue during his meeting later this month with President Donald Trump.\nAnalysts suggest the threats to use the large Turkish military deployments on the Iraqi and Syrian border could be just a ploy by Erdogan to gain leverage with Moscow and Washington. But last month's Turkish airstrikes in Iraq, which took Turkey\u2019s allies by surprise, are a warning of the unpredictability of Ankara.\n\u201cIt also gives signal to the world, to coalition partners, that if Ankara believes it's being pushed into a corner, it can resort to military means, and so it keeps all options open on the table,\u201d oberved retired senior Turkish diplomat Selcen.\nThe growing centralization of power in Erdogan\u2019s hands, which got a further boost in last month\u2019s referendum, is seen as another factor making it hard to determine whether the president is bluffing over a cross-border operation.\n\"It cannot be ruled out, because President Erdogan is the single ultimate decision maker within the Turkish political system,\u201d points out Solmazturk, who heads the Ankara based think tank 21st Century Turkey Institute. \"He is able to make any decision personally alone, overruling any opposing views. He has proven as before an unpredictable person, proven to change his mind from this hour to the next.\"\nWith rumors of a possible early election, the Turkish president also is courting nationalist voters.\nAnalysts point out Erdogan is well aware that the Turkish army\u2019s Operation Euphrates Shield into Syria, against both the YPG and IS, was overwhelmingly supported by the public.\n",
        "caption": "Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, left, speaks to Russian President Vladimir Putin, right, as he leaves after their meeting in Putin's residence in the Russian Black Sea resort of Sochi, Russia, Wednesday, May 3, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/935573FE-6C27-4EA8-BFBA-FC8D1232D4B5.jpg",
        "id": "26559_1",
        "answer": [
            "Russian forces supporting Syrian Kurdish militia the YPG"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Putin"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_04_3837836",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_04_3837836_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in the middle of the image do?",
        "context": "Cambodian Opposition Names Acting Chief After Leader Resigns\nPHNOM PENH \u2014\u00a0\nExecutive members of Cambodia's beleaguered opposition party on Sunday accepted the resignation of Sam Rainsy, its charismatic leader, and named his deputy, Kem Sokha, acting chief until a party congress can be held.\nThe action came a day after Sam Rainsy, who has been in self-imposed exile since late 2015, resigned his membership in the Cambodia National Rescue Party in response to plans by the government to change election laws so that political parties could be dissolved if their leaders have criminal convictions. He explained his decision in a video call to the meeting from Paris.\nFILE - Sam Rainsy, center, talks to journalists upon his arrival at Phnom Penh International Airport in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, Aug. 16, 2015.\nSam Rainsy has stayed abroad to avoid a two-year prison term on a defamation conviction he had believed was covered by a pardon. Several other cases against him are pending. The opposition charges that Prime Minister Hun Sen and his ruling Cambodian People's Party use spurious legal cases to weaken their opponents, relying on politically compliant courts. Kem Sokha has also been a target, as have political and social activists.\nCambodia will hold nationwide local elections this June and a general election in 2018. The opposition CNRP hopes to building on its surprisingly strong showing in the 2013 general election. Hun Sen has previously said he intends to extend his three decades in power.\n``The resignation of Sam Rainsy from the party presidency and membership came after discussion with the leaders of the party, and he did so for the sake of the party, the nation and with great honor,'' Kem Sokha said in a posting on his Facebook page.\nSam Rainsy already had been barred by the government from returning to Cambodia, so he had not been in a position to campaign ahead of this year's polls. However, as the party's dominant figure, his absence could spur infighting among his colleagues, weakening the party ahead of the more cr\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Sam Rainsy, center, talks to journalists upon his arrival at Phnom Penh International Airport in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, Aug. 16, 2015.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/37C98634-FFA2-4395-8AFF-F91DFC58CA8D.jpg",
        "id": "18754_2",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "resigned his membership in the Cambodia National Rescue Party",
            "resigned his membership in the Cambodia National Rescue Party in response to plans by the government to change election laws so that political parties could be dissolved if their leaders have criminal convictions"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Sam Rainsy"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_12_3720030",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_12_3720030_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the woman in the image do?",
        "context": "Lagarde: IMF Can Cooperate With Trump Administration\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nThe head of the International Monetary Fund says she \"has every reason to believe\" that the global lender can cooperate with the Trump Administration to support and improve global trade.\nIMF Managing Director Christine Lagarde spoke in Washington as economic and political officials gathered from around the world at this week's meetings of the IMF and the World Bank.\nCandidate Donald Trump blamed what he called unfair trade for the loss of many jobs in the United States, and proposed tax increases for imported goods. President Trump recently signed an order to give U.S. firms a better shot at selling goods to the U.S. government, and has been sharply critical of immigration policies.\nLagarde says trade is one of the \"pillars\" of prosperity. She vowed to continue to support the growth of trade, seeking ways to make it more efficient and fair, and fight against protectionist measures.\nLagarde said the global economy is \"picking up momentum,\" because of \"sensible\" policies in many nations. Speaking a little earlier, World Bank President Jim Yong Kim said he is \"encouraged\" to see stronger economic prospects after years of \"disappointing\" global growth. He said growth is hampered by conflict, climate shocks, the worst refugee crisis since World War II, and famine in certain areas.\n",
        "caption": "IMF Managing Director Christine Lagarde (R) holds up agenda papers as she attends a press briefing to open the IMF and World Bank's 2017 Annual Spring Meetings, with First Deputy David Lipton, in Washington, April 20, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/1C454D91-85EC-4F16-BF40-21F382766DB2.jpg",
        "id": "9143_1",
        "answer": [
            "spoke in Washington"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Christine Lagarde"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_20_3818692",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_20_3818692_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What can people like those in the image anticipate?",
        "context": "Will Robot Truckers Take Jobs from Human Drivers?\nThe 3.5 million Americans who drive trucks for a living may face growing competition for jobs as technology improves and self-driving or autonomous trucks that don't need human operators become more common.\nResearchers say a similar wave of automation and robotics displaced most of the 5 million people who lost manufacturing jobs over the past few years. Frustration and fear from that drastic change helped spark an angry movement that upended U.S. politics.\nSome experts say it will be years before a significant number of robot trucks are on the roads, as engineers and scientists work on technical, regulatory, and safety concerns while seeking public acceptance of this evolving technology.\nFILE - TV crews film the Actros autonomous truck by Mercedes-Benz near Stuttgart, Germany, Oct. 2, 2015.\nBut others point out that autonomous trucks already operate in mines, while robotic cars run races up mountains. Automotive and computer firms are working to improve the sensors and processors needed for the task.\n\"We are not that far from the ultimate vision of a completely self-driving car,\" said Chan Lieu, a former official of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.\nResearchers say the same economic pressures that boosted automation in factories also promote robot truckers, who are likely to be less expensive than human drivers. Robots don't need breaks, join unions, ask for raises, demand overtime pay, file lawsuits, or show up with a hangover.\nMany Americans say they are worried about the safety of robotic vehicles, but government statistics show 94 percent of road accidents are due to human error. That is causing some worries for the insurance industry, which is trying to figure out how to adjust premiums for an unprecedented, but probably safer, future.\nJobs\nIn the meantime, Federal Reserve Chair Janet Yellen expects companies will continue to use more robots. She urges governments and companies to do more to help displaced humans.\nFILE - More automation at factories across the globe means fewer people on the production line.\n\"Most economists and policymakers recognize that it's important to provide ways for workers who were harmed by these kinds of developments to be retrained for jobs so that they can succeed in the economy,\" she said.\nSurprisingly, at a time when lost jobs are a major economic and political issue, many high-paying technical positions go unfilled.\nEconomist Ken Simonson of the Associated General Contractors of America says companies can't find plumbers, electricians, pipefitters and others.\n\"We are going to continue to see a lot of industries struggling to find already qualified workers or to bring new entrants up to the skill level that they need to get things done,\" he said.\nFILE - Shipyard workers weld a time capsule aboard the nuclear-powered aircraft carrier Gerald R. Ford, under construction at Newport News Shipbuilding in Newport News, Virginia, July 11, 2013.\nFor many people, apprenticeships offer a way to learn the new kinds of skills that help people find and keep jobs in a workplace of growing technical complexity. Newport News Shipbuilding has been teaching apprentices for nearly a century, and has a strong record of employing the program's graduates.\nBut researcher David Wiczer of the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis says other programs have mixed results.\n\"Every time you take someone from one occupation to another, the level of risk magnifies,\u201d he said. \u201cIt's much safer to switch one employer from the other and do the same thing you've been doing.\"\nIn a TEDx talk, MIT economist David Autor says American workers made a big shift from agriculture to manufacturing in the late 1800s and early 1900s.\n\"We have faced equally momentous economic transformations in the past and come through them successfully,\" he said.\nBut workers in this latest economic transition may be in for a bumpy ride, as scholars say previous major changes were wrenching and took many years.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Shipyard workers weld a time capsule aboard the nuclear-powered aircraft carrier Gerald R. Ford, under construction at Newport News Shipbuilding in Newport News, Virginia, July 11, 2013.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D01E666D-801D-47F2-8F3D-BA6F1F4F5661.jpg",
        "id": "27786_3",
        "answer": [
            "a bumpy ride"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "workers"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_18_3676415",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_18_3676415_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What killed the person without a beard in the image?",
        "context": "US Actor Bill Paxton Dies at Age 61\nU.S. actor Bill Paxton, known for such films as Titanic, Twister, and Aliens, has died at the age of 61.\n\"It is with heavy hearts we share the news that Bill Paxton has passed away due to complications from surgery,\" a statement from his family said. \"A loving husband and father, Bill began his career in Hollywood working on films in the art department and went on to have an illustrious career spanning four decades as a beloved and prolific actor and filmmaker. Bill\u2019s passion for the arts was felt by all who knew him, and his warmth and tireless energy were undeniable. We ask to please respect the family\u2019s wish for privacy as they mourn the loss of their adored husband and father.\"\nPaxton had more than 90 acting credits to his name. \nMost recently, he was starring the television police drama Training Day, which premiered earlier this month on CBS.\nMany fellow actors have been paying tribute to Paxton on Twitter, including Rob Lowe, who said he was \"devastated by the sudden loss of my close friend and one of the finest actors in the business.\"\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;Devastated by the sudden loss of my close friend and one of the finest actors in the business, Bill Paxton. Renaissance man, raconteur and\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Rob Lowe (@RobLowe) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/RobLowe/status/835881669835923456\\\"\\u0026gt;February 26, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;uniquely American national treasure. His filmography speaks for itself. His friendship was a blessing. My love to Bunny, James and Lydia.\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Rob Lowe (@RobLowe) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/RobLowe/status/835881728799461378\\\"\\u0026gt;February 26, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Antoine Fuqua, from left, Bill Paxton, Justin Cornwell attend the \"Training Day\" panel at the CBS portion of the 2017 Winter Television Critics Association press tour, Jan. 9, 2017, in Pasadena, Calif. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B5FBC487-CE8B-4369-B1AE-70790FBA0722.jpg",
        "id": "29257_1",
        "answer": [
            "complications from surgery"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Bill Paxton"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_26_3740575",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_26_3740575_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What event has made the object in the hands of the people in the image a tempting bribe?",
        "context": "Venezuela's Opposition Revives Push to End Maduro's Rule\nCARACAS/SAN CRISTOLBAL \u2014\u00a0\nOffering prized bags of flour to police and hurling empty medicine boxes on the floor, Venezuelan opposition protesters launched a new push on Monday to force President Nicolas Maduro from power and end 18 years of socialist rule.\nTurnout for the opposition's first rallies of 2017 was not massive, reflecting disillusionment over last year's failure to bring about a referendum to recall the 54-year-old leader and successor to Hugo Chavez.\nBut those who did march in a string of rallies around the country turned creative in their complaints about the South American OPEC nation's unprecedented economic crisis.\nTear gas used\nIn the politically volatile western state of Tachira, long a hotbed of anti-Maduro sentiment, some demonstrators proffered flour \u2014 an increasingly scarce and expensive commodity during the nation's three-year recession \u2014 to police, witnesses said.\nIn Caracas, where several thousand opposition supporters marched, some threw empty medicine cartons on the floor to symbolize shortages afflicting the health sector.\nSecurity forces fired tear gas in Tachira to stop protesters from reaching an office of the National Election Council, while in Caracas they used tear gas against people blocking a highway.\nPrices soar for basics\nWith many of Venezuela's 30 million people skipping meals, unable to pay soaring prices for basic goods and facing long lines for scarce subsidized products, Maduro, who won a 2013 election to succeed Chavez, has become deeply unpopular.\nPolls showed a majority of Venezuelans wanted a referendum last year which could have brought his rule to an early end and sparked a presidential vote. But compliant courts and election authorities thwarted the move, alleging fraud in signature collections.\n\u201cThis government is scared of votes, and the election council is the instrument they use to avoid them,\" said housewife Zoraida Castro, 46, during a march to the election council's office in southern Ciudad Bolivar city.\nAn opposition supporter wearing a costume lies in front of riot police during a rally' in Caracas, Venezuela, Jan. 23, 2017. The sign reads \"Venezuelans starve. There is no food or medicine.\"\nCall for elections\nThe opposition Democratic Unity coalition is demanding dates for regional elections that are supposed to happen this year, and also urging Maduro to hold a new presidential ballot.\n\"It's a day of struggle in Venezuela,\" said coalition secretary general Jesus Torrealba, in Barquisimeto town to show solidarity with a Catholic archbishop whose residence was recently attacked after he criticized the government.\nMaduro's six-year term is due to end in early 2019.\nRed-shirted government supporters, who accuse the opposition of seeking a coup with U.S. connivance, were also marching on Monday, a politically significant day for Venezuelans: the anniversary of the 1958 fall of dictator Marcos Perez Jimenez.\nThey gathered at the National Pantheon building to honor leftist guerrilla Fabricio Ojeda, who was murdered in 1966.\n",
        "caption": "Opposition supporters hold packages of corn flour in front of riot police during a rally against Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro's government in San Cristobal, Jan. 23, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/1A46CE26-C064-4B64-A171-2A53214F7225.jpg",
        "id": "21920_1",
        "answer": [
            "the nation's three-year recession "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "flour"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_23_3688599",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_23_3688599_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where does the nation whose flag is being scorched in the image have troopers?",
        "context": "Protesters Across Globe Take Stand Against Trump\nLONDON \u2014\u00a0\nA banner reading \u201cBuild bridges not walls\u201d was draped across London's Tower Bridge as part of several protests in Europe and Asia on Friday against the inauguration of Donald Trump as U.S. president.\nSoon after sunrise, activists on the bridge, with its two Gothic-style towers, held up pink letters reading \u201cAct now!\u201d while others beside parliament unfurled banners saying \u201cMigrants welcome here.\u201d\nThere were also demonstrations in Japan, the Philippines and Belgium, where hundreds of people held a minute's silence, lighting candles in Friday evening's bitter cold and holding signs defending women's rights.\nCampaigners hold a banner reading \"Build Bridges Not Walls\" from Tower Bridge in London to protest Donald Trump's inauguration as U.S. president, Jan. 20, 2017.\nIn the Scottish capital, banners on Edinburgh's North Bridge read \u201cWomen rise up\u201d and \u201cThere is no Planet B\u201d \u2014 a reference to Trump's perceived lack of interest in combating climate change.\nLater, after the inauguration ceremony, several hundred people gathered outside the U.S. embassy in London, chanting and singing protest songs.\n\u201cI'm deeply, deeply saddened and embarrassed,\u201d said one of them, Kim Grey, 40, from Texas. \u201cI'm here because I think the majority of Americans who didn't vote for him need to see the solidarity around the world ... that he's unfit, he's unacceptable.\u201d\nTrump opponents were angered by his comments during last year's election campaign about women, illegal immigrants and Muslims, and his pledges to build a wall on the Mexican border.\nA woman holds an anti-U.S. President Donald Trump placard during a rally in Tokyo, Japan, Jan. 20, 2017.\nIn Tokyo, several hundred people, most of them expatriate Americans, marched along a downtown street holding electric candles or placards reading \u201cLove Trumps Hate\u201d and \u201cWomen's Rights Are Human Rights.\u201d\nIn the Philippines, about 200 demonstrators from a Philippine nationalist group rallied for about an hour outside the U.S. embassy in Manila.\nSome held up signs demanding U.S. troops leave the Philippines while others set fire to a paper U.S. flag bearing a picture of Trump's face.\nAnti-riot police block protesters holding placards against U.S. President Donald Trump outside the U.S. embassy in metro Manila, Philippines, Jan. 20, 2017.\nAt the rally in Brussels, people held up signs saying \u201cProud to be a Pussy\u201d and \u201cWe will fight Like a Girl.\u201d\n\u201cI have a wife and three daughters; I have a vested interest in the equality of women,\u201d said Protestant pastor Murray Frick, 62. \u201cI am afraid of a big step backward in terms of dehumanizing groups of people ... about my home country losing its moral compass.\u201d\nFILE - A demonstrator takes part in a women's rights event protesting the inauguration of Donald Trump as the new U.S. president in Brussels, Belgium, Jan. 20, 2017.\nJulie Chasin, a 42-year-old teacher originally from New York who has lived in London for a decade, joined the Tower Bridge protest.\n\u201cYes, Donald Trump is president, but he still needs to protect everybody's rights,\u201d said Chasin, a Democrat. \u201cIt's scary. I hope he's kept in check. I hope everyone who is telling me not to worry, and saying that we have a strong system of checks and balances, I hope that it's true.\u201d\nWATCH: People Across the Globe Speak Out Against Trump\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nPeople Across Globe Speak Out Against Trump\nShare this video\n0:01:18\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:18\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 3.6MB\n360p | 5.4MB\n720p | 28.9MB\n1080p | 22.4MB\nSupporters celebrate\nTrump's supporters, who admire his experience in business and see him as an outsider who will take a fresh approach to politics, were also marking his inauguration in London.\nSome 200 of them gathered under the gaze of a life-sized cardboard figure of Trump to celebrate at an exclusive club near the Ritz hotel.\nAs he completed the oath, the room broke into a standing ovation complete with high-five celebrations. \u201cI was expecting him to win,\u201d said businessman David Pattinson. \u201cIt was the same with Brexit in how the polls got it wrong.\u201d\nIn Moscow, Russians hoping Trump will usher in a new era of detente welcomed his inauguration. Russian nationalists held an all-night party at what used to be the main Soviet-era post office in Moscow.\nFILE - Painted matryoshka dolls, or Russian nesting dolls, bearing the faces of then-U.S. Republican presidential nominee Donald Trump and Russian President Vladimir Putin are displayed at a souvenir shop in central Moscow, Russia, Nov. 7, 2016.\nSellers of traditional matryoshka nesting dolls have added Trump dolls to their popular lineup of items carved in the likeness of President Vladimir Putin, Bolshevik revolutionary Vladimir Lenin, ex-President Mikhail Gorbachev and Josef Stalin.\nAnd craftsmen in the city of Zlatoust, east of Moscow, have released a limited series of silver and gold commemorative coins, engraved with \u201cIn Trump We Trust\u201d \u2014 an allusion to the phrase on U.S. banknotes \u201cIn God We Trust.\u201d\nIn Nigeria, more than a thousand supporters of a southern secessionist movement took to the streets to welcome Trump, hoping he will end what they see as the \u201cIslamization\u201d of the West African nation.\n",
        "caption": "Protesters burn a U.S. flag and a mock flag with pictures of U.S. President-elect Donald Trump outside the U.S. embassy in metro Manila, Philippines, Jan. 20, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/A5E63640-382E-49D4-9ABC-631DA8440346.jpg",
        "id": "27962_1",
        "answer": [
            "the Philippines"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "U.S."
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_20_3685521",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_20_3685521_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person in the image known for?",
        "context": "Spacewalking Astronauts Tackle Battery Work Outside Station\nCAPE CANAVERAL, FLORIDA \u2014\u00a0\nAstronauts went spacewalking Friday to hook up fancy new batteries on the International Space Station's sprawling power grid.\nBefore venturing out, Commander Shane Kimbrough and Peggy Whitson got a hand from a robot that took care of most of the grunt work.\nRemotely using robotics aboard the 250-mile-high lab, flight controllers in Houston spent the past week replacing decade-old, nickel-hydrogen batteries with better charging lithium-ion ones. Handling all those batteries \u2014 each about half a refrigerator in size \u2014 was cumbersome and time-consuming.\nOn Friday, it was up to Kimbrough and Whitson to wire up the three new lithium-ion batteries, delivered last month by the Japanese. Spacewalkers will plug in three more next Friday, part of a long-term effort to energize the station's aging solar power system.\nNASA expects it will take two to three years to change out all 48 nickel-hydrogen batteries that make up the solar power system. The lithium-ion batteries are so efficient, only 24 will be needed altogether, saving space for other items during supply runs.\nThe space station's robotic handyman, long-armed Dextre, removed the old batteries and popped in the new ones in a series of maneuvers that began on New Year's Eve. Dextre \u2014 short for dexterous \u2014 also loosened bolts holding down special metal plates that were launched with the new batteries. Installing these plates, along with power and data cables, fell to Kimbrough and Whitson.\nNASA's chief astronaut, Christopher Cassidy, said from Mission Control that sticky bolts often stymie astronauts, so everyone was grateful to hand over the chore to Dextre. Riding on the end of the station's robot arm, Dextre and its 11-foot arms also made easy work of the battery transfers from one end of the station to the other, a distance spanning approximately half a football field.\n\"Most of that's behind us,\" Cassidy said as the spacewalk got underway, \"and we're looking forward to a relatively, hopefully, I don't want to jinx us, but a smooth day of battery operation.\"\nSpacewalks are high-risk activities, NASA managers noted, and so reducing crew time outside is always preferable. In fact, almost as a reminder, Mission Control's main contact for the spacewalkers was Italian astronaut Luca Parmitano, who nearly drowned in 2013 when his helmet flooded with water from his space suit's cooling system. He directed Kimbrough and Whitson's every move.\nMost of the old batteries will be junked along with other station trash, burning up in the atmosphere later this month in the Japanese supply ship that delivered the new batteries. More lithium-ion batteries will arrive on future cargo craft.\nWhitson, meanwhile, now ties the record for most spacewalks by a woman \u2014 seven. At age 56, she's the world's oldest and most experienced spacewoman ever.\n",
        "caption": "In this still image taken from video provided by NASA, astronaut Peggy Whitson takes a spacewalk outside the International Space Station on Friday, Jan. 6, 2016. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B255AABF-F36C-4A47-8F47-843A5DF17CB5.jpg",
        "id": "7298_1",
        "answer": [
            "the world's oldest and most experienced spacewoman ever",
            "the record for most spacewalks by a woman \u2014 seven"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Whitson",
            "Peggy Whitson"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_06_3665888",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_06_3665888_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What country does the man speaking in the image think should be more concerned about its neighbor?",
        "context": "FAQs on US-North Korea Tensions\nWhat is the controversy surrounding North Korea?\nWashington and Pyongyang have moved closer to the brink of conflict over the growing nuclear threat on the Korean Peninsula.\nSince North Korea conducted its fourth nuclear test in January 2016, neither Washington nor Pyongyang seem willing to make any conciliatory gestures. Under former President Barack Obama, the U.S. rallied international support for increased sanctions against the North Korean government.\nPyongyang responded by accelerating nuclear and ballistic missile tests.\nEarlier this month at a massive military parade in Pyongyang, North Korea showed off what appeared to be new forms of ballistic missile technology, which it hopes will soon be capable of delivering a nuclear warhead to the continental United States.\nPresident Donald Trump has further increased pressure by emphasizing possible military strikes to prevent North Korea from developing an intercontinental ballistic missile capable of striking the U.S. mainland.\nFILE - A TV screen shows pictures of U.S. President-elect Donald Trump, right, and North Korean leader Kim Jong Un, at the Seoul Railway Station in Seoul, South Korea, Nov. 10, 2016.\nWhat is the United States doing to address escalating tensions on the Korean Peninsula?\nTrump and U.S. officials have repeatedly said all options remain \"on the table\" to deal with further North Korean provocations.\nTrump said the Security Council must be prepared to impose additional and stronger sanctions on North Korea's nuclear and ballistic missile programs.\n\"North Korea is a big world problem, and it's a problem we have to finally solve,\" Trump said recently. \"People have put blindfolds on for decades, and now it's time to solve the problem.\"\nThe comments came after Trump made his latest round of separate telephone calls to the leaders of Japan, China and Germany to discuss concerns about North Korea.\nFILE - Japan's Prime Minister Shinzo Abe speaks to reporters at his office in this photo taken by Kyodo, in Tokyo, Japan, April 24, 2017, after speaking with U.S. President Donald Trump on the phone.\nWhich countries are involved?\nTrump has had discussions with the leaders of Japan, China and Germany about the threat posed by North Korea.\nA phone call this week between Trump and Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe was meant to increase pressure on Pyongyang not to engage in further provocative actions, but was not prompted by any significant change in the situation, according to officials in Tokyo.\nAbe also said he and Trump agreed that a larger role in dealing with Pyongyang should be played by China.\nTrump subsequently spoke to Chinese President Xi Jinping about North Korea. In their conversation Sunday, the Chinese president said he hopes all sides avoid doing anything to worsen the tense situation on the Korean peninsula, according to the Xinhua news agency.\nIn addition, the U.S. and China are launching four rounds of talks, as Trump heads to China later this year in a visit aimed at strengthening cooperation to reduce tensions in the Korean Peninsula.\nFILE - U.S. Vice President Mike Pence, center, speaks to U.S. servicemen and Japanese Self-Defense Forces personnel on the flight deck of U.S. navy nuclear-powered aircraft carrier USS Ronald Reagan, at the U.S. Navy's Yokosuka base in Yokosuka, south of Tokyo, April 19, 2017.\nWhat is being done to address the nuclear problem in North Korea?\nThe United Nations slapped economic sanctions on North Korea for its nuclear and ballistic missile programs and is now considering tougher measures, including a global ban on Air Koryo, the country's state-run airline, to punish North Korea for its continuing weapons tests.\nDuring his visit to the North Korean border earlier this month, Vice President Mike Pence announced that Washington's strategy of so-called \"strategic patience\" is over with the North.\nThe U.S. and its allies for decades have tried variations of that strategy without much success. North Korea's authoritarian leaders have continued to conduct nuclear and missile tests, seeing the programs as crucial to their survival.\nThis week, Pence said the U.S. is not interested in talks or minor concessions from the North, and all options, including a military strike, are on the table.\nThat is a change in tone for Trump, who during the presidential campaign said he was open to talking with North Korea, and would even invite Kim Jong Un, the country's young leader, to the U.S. for negotiations.\nFILE - In this April 15, 2017 photo, a submarine missile is paraded across Kim Il Sung Square during a military parade, in Pyongyang, North Korea to celebrate the 105th birth anniversary of Kim Il Sung, the country's late founder.\nWhat is the desired endgame?\nThe Trump administration has repeatedly expressed its displeasure with what it calls North Korea's \"belligerence\" and \"provocations\" in the region and vowed to defend U.S. ally South Korea.\nCoordinating efforts to denuclearize the Korean Peninsula and addressing the threat posed by North Korea's missile and nuclear programs are chief among U.S. interests in this confrontation.\nThe administration has described its policy toward North Korea as one of \"maximum pressure and engagement.\" The policy heavily emphasizes the use of economic pressure from China in an effort to bring the country's nuclear program to an end, though the administration has released few other details.\nNorth Korea's leader Kim Jong Un watches a military drill marking the 85th anniversary of the establishment of the Korean People's Army (KPA) in this handout photo by North Korea's Korean Central News Agency (KCNA) made available on April 26, 2017.\nHow would North Korea respond to a U.S. strike on its nuclear program?\nWhile North Korea doesn't possess the capability to prevent a U.S. strike on its nuclear program, it could easily retaliate and inflict significant damage on nearby nations, according to a recent report from Stratfor, a private intelligence firm.\nUpon engagement, North Korea's immediate reaction would most likely be to start barraging Seoul with artillery fire, the report said, resulting in at least a partial destruction of the city.\nNorth Korea's artillery capabilities are limited, though, by technical failures and practical issues. About a quarter of its shells and rockets failed to detonate on target in past artillery skirmishes with South Korea, and poorly trained artillery crews wouldn't be able to keep up the rate of fire needed to perform a successful barrage campaign, the report added.\nThe North also possesses more than 1,000 ballistic missiles capable of reaching Seoul and targets much further away, including U.S. military positions in Japan. The most significant threat from the North's ballistic capabilities comes from its ability to fasten nuclear warheads on the missiles. A single nuclear strike on the South would likely result in massive casualties and destruction.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Japan's Prime Minister Shinzo Abe speaks to reporters at his office in this photo taken by Kyodo, in Tokyo, Japan, April 24, 2017, after speaking with U.S. President Donald Trump on the phone.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/079531C9-924A-4EAE-82FE-8E88792B203B.jpg",
        "id": "31917_3",
        "answer": [
            "China"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Abe"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_26_3826982",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_26_3826982_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person at the pedestal in the image announce?",
        "context": "Malaysia Looking for 4 North Korean Suspects in Kim Death\nKUALA LUMPUR, MALAYSIA \u2014\u00a0\nInvestigators are looking for four North Korean men who flew out of Malaysia the same day Kim Jong Nam, the North Korean ruler\u2019s outcast half brother, was apparently poisoned at an airport in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysian police said Sunday.\nSince Kim\u2019s death last week, authorities have been trying to piece together details of what appeared to be an assassination. Malaysian police have so far arrested four people carrying IDs from North Korea, Malaysia, Indonesia and Vietnam. \nMalaysia's National Police Deputy Inspector-General Noor Rashid Ibrahim (front left) speaks in front of a screen showing detained North Korean Ri Jong Chol during a news conference regarding the apparent assassination of Kim Jong Nam.\nFour suspects at large \nOn Sunday, the Deputy National Police Chief of Malaysia, Noor Rashid Ibrahim, said four other suspects were on the run. He said the men were North Korean and had flown out of the country last Monday, when Kim died.\n\u201cI am not going disclose where they are,\u201d he told a room packed with journalists. Interpol was helping with the investigation, he said.\nNoor Rashid showed photographs of the four North Korean men police were trying to track down. They were traveling on regular, not diplomatic, passports and are ages 33, 34, 55 and 57.\nHe also said there was a fifth North Korean man whom authorities wanted to question. \nAutopsy results in days \nKim Jong Nam was waiting for his flight home to Macau when, authorities say, he was set upon by two women. He sought help at a customer service desk and said \u201ctwo unidentified women had swabbed or had wiped his face with a liquid and that he felt dizzy,\u201d Noor Rashid said Sunday.\nKim died en route to a hospital after suffering a seizure, officials say. \nNoor Rashid said Sunday that he expected autopsy results to be released within days.\n\u201cWe have to send a sample to the chemistry department, we have to send a sample for toxicology tests,\u201d he said.\nInvestigators also want to speak to Kim Jong Nam\u2019s next of kin to identify the body. He is believed to have two sons and a daughter with two women living in Beijing and Macau. \n\u201cWe haven\u2019t met the next of kin,\u201d Noor Rashid said. \u201cWe are working, we are trying very hard to get the next of kin to come and to assist us in the investigation.\u201d\nThe case has raised tensions between Malaysia and North Korea. Pyongyang officials have demanded custody of Kim\u2019s body and strongly objected to an autopsy, saying they will reject any results. The Malaysians went ahead with the autopsy anyway, saying they were simply following procedure. \n",
        "caption": "Malaysia's National Police Deputy Inspector-General Noor Rashid Ibrahim (front left) speaks in front of a screen showing detained North Korean Ri Jong Chol during a news conference regarding the apparent assassination of Kim Jong Nam.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/246033AB-CDC7-4D77-8EAC-FC07267C75A2.jpg",
        "id": "31575_2",
        "answer": [
            "four other suspects were on the run"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Noor Rashid Ibrahim"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_19_3730737",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_19_3730737_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What was the man on the right responsible for as regards the National Security Council",
        "context": "Trump Removes Bannon From Security Council Role\nWHITE HOUSE \u2014\u00a0\nWhite House chief strategist Stephen Bannon has been removed from his role on the National Security Council, in a shakeup that restores the director of national intelligence and the chairman of the joint chiefs of staff (JCS) as regular attendees to the NSC\u2019s Principals Committee.\nThe changes were revealed in a national security presidential memorandum published Wednesday in the Federal Register, the daily journal of the U.S. government.\nThe New York Times late Wednesday reported that Bannon resisted the move, even threatening at one point to quit if it went forward, according to a White House official who insisted on anonymity to discuss internal deliberations. \nBannon on Thursday told NBC News that reports he threatened to quit are \"total nonsense.\"\n\u201cIt\u2019s hard to evaluate exactly what they\u2019re doing here,\u201d according to Brian Katulis, a senior fellow at the Center for American Progress. \u201cThe Trump team clearly made some rookie mistakes in its first few weeks in office,\u201d Katulis, a junior NSC staffer during the Bill Clinton presidency, tells VOA.\nPresident Donald Trump, in January, issued an executive order giving Bannon, a former executive of a right-wing online opinion and news site, the authority to participate in the NSC\u2019s Principals Committee.\nThere were concerns that Bannon, who led Trump\u2019s election campaign in its final months, would inject domestic policy considerations into national security discussions. He has been a polarizing figure in and out of the West Wing of the White House, calling for the \u201cdeconstruction of the administrative state\u201d and advocating \u201ceconomic nationalism.\u201d\nBut many supporters of the president have cheered Trump\u2019s embrace of non-traditional figures in his inner circle as part of his campaign pledge to \u201cdrain the swamp\u201d and structure a radically different administration in the White House.\nFILE - White House Chief of Staff Reince Priebus, center, with White House chief strategist Stephen Bannon, left, are seen during the Conservative Political Action Conference in National Harbor, Maryland, Feb. 23, 2017. Frictions with Priebus are said to have contributed to Bannon's demotion.\nReports of internal clashes\nMedia reports previously portrayed Bannon as clashing with White House Chief of Staff Reince Priebus, who is a former head of the Republican Party\u2019s national committee. News stories on Wednesday attributed Bannon getting his wings clipped due to increased scrutiny of White House senior staff by the president\u2019s son-in-law and former Democrat, Jared Kushner, who has been given a large portfolio ranging from the Middle East peace process to reorganizing the federal government.\nThe Republican chairman of the Senate\u2019s Armed Services Committee, John McCain, characterizes Bannon\u2019s ouster as \u201ca good move.\u201d The senator also is welcoming the president\u2019s decision to restore the director of national intelligence and the JCS chairman to the NSC Principal\u2019s Committee.\nDaniel Coats, a former Republican senator, is the director of national intelligence and Marine Corps General Joseph Dunford chairs the JCS, making him the country\u2019s highest ranking military officer. \n\u201cAs the new administration navigates a complex array of challenges around the world, it is critical that the president hears from these experienced and talented leaders on his national security team,\u201d says McCain.\nA Republican congresswoman, Ileana Ros-Lehtinen, who chairs the House Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on the Middle East and North Africa, calls Bannon\u2019s removal \u201cwelcome news,\u201d saying \u201cI called for him to write himself out in January.\u201d \nIt is unclear whether Bannon actually has attended any of the NSC Principals meetings.\nPresident Barack Obama\u2019s national security adviser \u201cSusan Rice operationalized the NSC during the last administration. I was put on to ensure that it was de-operationalized,\u201d Bannon said in a statement sent to the Wall Street Journal. \u201cGeneral McMaster (the current national security adviser) has returned the NSC to its proper function.\u201d \nFILE - President Donald Trump talks to chief strategist Stephen Bannon, right, with Jared Kushner, now a senior adviser to Trump, looking on during a swearing in ceremony for senior staff at the White House, in Washington, Jan. 22, 2017. News reports suggest Kushner might have had a hand in having Bannon removed from the National Security Council\u2019s Principals Committee.\nNo comment\nAsked for comment, the White House referred VOA to the NSC, which did not immediately respond.\nPresident Trump, at the end of his joint news conference with Jordan\u2019s King Abdullah, did not reply to questions shouted about Bannon.\nAlso added to the NSC Principals Committee on Wednesday are the Central Intelligence Agency director, the ambassador to the United Nations and the secretary of the Energy Department (which has responsibility for the design, testing and production of all U.S. nuclear weapons).\nThe presidential memo on the NSC also downgrades the role of Homeland Security Adviser Tom Bossert, who had been given authority to convene or chair the Principals Committee.\nBossert is now subordinate to the president\u2019s new national security adviser, Army Lt. Gen. H.R. McMaster, who replaced Michael Flynn, a retired three-star general.\nFlynn lasted less than one month in the job, pushed out amid questions about his ties to Russia.\nThe NSC, created in 1947 as a coordinating body to present strategic options to the president, has become increasingly large in recent administrations. It approximately doubled in size between the Clinton era (1993-2001) and Obama\u2019s two terms (2009-2017).\nTrump administration officials have spoken of shrinking its size and limiting the role of the NSC.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - White House chief strategist Stephen Bannon listens at right as President Donald Trump speaks during a meeting in the Roosevelt Room of the White House in Washington. Trump on Wednesday removed Bannon from his role on the National Security Council.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/CF97B73F-22DD-4B8B-B267-16CCC82AD8E4.jpg",
        "id": "3549_1",
        "answer": [
            "ensure that it was de-operationalized"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Bannon "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_05_3797436",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_05_3797436_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What do some members of the faith of the person in the image insist?",
        "context": "Sri Lanka Says Buddhism Will Remain Paramount in New Charter\nCOLOMBO \u2014\u00a0\nSri Lanka's prime minister said on Wednesday Buddhism will remain paramount in the bitterly divided island, seeking to head off protests led by the powerful Buddhist clergy against proposed changes to the constitution.\nThe government announced plans last January to devolve power to provinces including in areas dominated by the country's ethnic Tamil minority in an effort to address alienation and bury the kind of ethnic tension that led to a 26-year civil war, but Buddhists who make up 70 percent of Sri Lanka's 21 million people are opposed to any changes in the constitution under which Buddhism is accorded foremost position while allowing people of other faiths to practice.\nSri Lanka has chosen only Buddhists to the post of president and prime minister since independence from British colonial rule in 1948. Prime Minister Ranil Wickremesinghe said the Buddhist character of the country would not be touched.\nSri Lanka\u2019s Prime Minister Ranil Wickremesinghe speaks during a debate hosted by the Associated Press at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland, Jan. 21, 2016. The debate focused on the future of South Asia.\n\u201cWe are in the process of preparing the new constitution ... the president and myself have agreed to maintain the priority given to the Buddhism in the constitution as it is,\u201d Wickremesinghe told a group of Buddhist monks in Colombo.\nMonks offer warning\nMore than 75 prominent monks last week warned the government not to change the constitution or it would face consequences.\nThe opposition, led by former president Mahinda Rajapaksa, and hardline Buddhist groups have warned the government of nationwide demonstrations if the government went ahead with changes to the charter.\nSome opposition members have alleged that the new constitution had been drafted to please Western nations and to dilute the influence of Buddhism.\nMore than 100,000 people were killed in the civil war that ended in 2009 in a crushing defeat for the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam fighting for a separate homeland for the Tamils.\n",
        "caption": "A Sri Lankan Buddhist devotee offers prayers in a temple to mark the Poson full moon day, in Kelaniya, on the out skirts of Colombo, Sri Lanka, June 8, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/04D81EBF-343F-4939-9E34-D63D28DF5141.jpg",
        "id": "29953_1",
        "answer": [
            "the new constitution had been drafted to please Western nations"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Buddhism"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_12_3941652",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_12_3941652_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who are some worried about manipulating the paper in the image?",
        "context": "Snap Election to Test Bulgaria's Divided Loyalties\nSOFIA \u2014\u00a0\nBulgarians were voting in a snap general election on Sunday, with the center-right GERB party challenged for power by Socialists who say they will improve ties with Russia even if it means upsetting the country's European Union partners.\nMany Bulgarians feel a strong cultural affinity for Russia, with which they share the Cyrillic script and Orthodox Christianity and a decade after joining the EU, the Balkan country remains the bloc's poorest member with corruption rife.\nThe Kremlin's most loyal satellite during the Cold War era, Bulgaria remains a popular holiday destination for Russians attracted by its Black Sea beaches and low prices, and it is also almost entirely dependent on Russian energy supplies.\nOpinion polls put the GERB party of former prime minister Boiko Borisov, 57, only narrowly ahead of the Socialists (BSP), who have seen their popularity rise since the candidate they backed, Rumen Radev, won the presidency in November.\nBulgarian Socialists Party candidate Rumen Radev speaks during a press conference after presidential elections in Sofia, Bulgaria, Nov. 13, 2016. Bulgarians vote Sunday in their third election in four years.\nVoting in the country of 7.2 million people got underway at 7 a.m (0400 GMT) on Sunday with the turnout by 10 a.m. (0700 GMT) 8.4 percent, slightly up from the previous parliamentary vote in 2014, the central electoral commission said.\nBorisov resigned in the wake of Radev's victory, triggering Bulgaria's third parliamentary election in just four years.\nWhile Bulgaria historically has had strong ties with Moscow, Borisov's GERB party is strongly pro-EU and has supported the bloc's sanctions imposed on Russia over its role in the Ukraine crisis.\n\"BSP is quite right. Who, if not Bulgaria, should be Russia's closest partner? Why don't we remember what Russia did?\" said Georgi Kasabov, a 69-year-old pensioner.\n\"It liberated us, it helped us build so many factories,\" Kasabov said, referring to the end of Ottoman rule in 1878 and industrial development during the Communist era.\nThe Socialists, led by 48-year-old Kornelia Ninova, have vowed to vote against continuing the sanctions, posing another potential headache for the EU as it grapples with Britain's move to leave, the rise of right-wing populists and the future shape of the bloc.\nBulgaria takes over the EU's rotating six-month presidency in January 2018.\n\"The GERB party, to a much greater extent, will maintain Bulgaria's Euro-Atlantic orientation and integration,\" said Boriana Dimitrova, an analyst with pollster Alpha Research.\n\"If Bulgaria begins giving up on participation in a number mof EU integration policies, underlining its specific interest and privileged relations with Russia, that wouldn't just put it on Europe's periphery, it would move it into a different orbit.\"\nFragile coalition\nThe latest opinion poll put the GERB party on 31.7 percent and the Socialists close behind on 29.1 percent.\nIf it retains power, the GERB party is expected to maintain a tight rein on public spending \u00e2\u20ac\u201c key to Bulgaria's currency peg to the euro \u00e2\u20ac\u201c in contrast to the Socialists who have pledged to raise wages and pensions and expand public spending.\n\"GERB deserves another chance to complete the good things it started,\" said voter Radoslava Kamenova, 57, after casting her ballot in a Sofia suburb polling station.\n\"It is a modern party, which takes care of the young who are the future of this country,\" she added.\nNeither party, however, is likely to win enough votes to govern alone and will struggle to form what analysts expect to be a fragile and diverse coalition.\nThey will almost certainly have to court the United Patriots, an alliance of three nationalist parties polling third before the election thanks to widespread anger over the flow of migrants from the Middle East, Africa and Asia trying to reach Western Europe via the Balkans.\nOn Friday, the nationalists blocked Bulgaria's border crossings with Turkey, saying they would stop Turks who hold Bulgarian passports from trying to vote to sway the election.\n",
        "caption": "A man casts his vote, in Sofia, Bulgaria, March 26, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/826DF250-3836-4B6E-8B83-75C43D58A0BA.jpg",
        "id": "23381_1",
        "answer": [
            "Turks who hold Bulgarian passports"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "vote"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_26_3782238",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_26_3782238_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person the women in the image are crying for do?",
        "context": "Analysts Cast Doubt on DRC Accord After Opposition Leader's Death\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nAnalysts say the death of Congolese opposition leader Etienne Tshisekedi could undermine a recent accord aimed at ending the country's political crisis.\nTshisekedi, who died Wednesday in Belgium at age 84, is remembered as a steady and honest dissenting voice during years of violence and political turmoil in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and its predecessor, Zaire.\nG\u00e9rard Prunier, an author and historian specializing in Africa's Great Lakes region, said during the long rule of Mobutu Sese Seko, Tshisekedi refused to compromise on his beliefs or accept a highly-paid position as a minister in Mobutu's government.\n\u201cHe was honest, he was steadfast and he even was big-headed, you could say, but at least he didn't change every morning and go for the money and the benefits,\u201d Prunier told VOA Thursday. \u201cHis character was strong, but very difficult, which is why he survived all that long in opposition. He never tarnished his name.\u201d\nTshisekedi's death leaves a vacuum at the top of the party he led, the Union for Democracy and Social Progress (UDPS), and in the DRC political opposition at a particularly important moment.\nWomen supporters of Congolese opposition leader Etienne Tshisekedi mourn his death outside his residence in the Democratic Republic of Congo's capital Kinshasa, Feb. 2, 2017.\nNew Year's accord\nIn December, DRC political leaders reached a deal for an election to be held before the end of 2017 and for current President Joseph Kabila to step down early the following year. Kabila's efforts to stay in office past his mandated two terms have sparked widespread protests and drawn condemnation from around the world.\nAlbert Moleka, Tshisekedi's former chief of staff, said progress was made recently in implementing the accord, negotiated with the help of the National Episcopal Conference of the Congo (CENCO) and DRC's Catholic bishops. The accord calls for a prime minister to be selected from the opposition and for additional power-sharing.\nMoleka said Tshisekedi's death \u201cis a challenge both for the negotiations and for the political situation overall,\u201d adding that it's too early to know how events will play out. \n\u201cLet's see how the people will react, and I think the political priorities will come later,\u201d he said.\nBruno Tshibala, assistant secretary general of the UDPS, said work remains to be done to finalize the agreement, and Tshisekedi's death has added uncertainty to the process.\n\u201cThe death of a great leader of the character of president Tshisekedi couldn't help but have a great impact on the negotiations to finalize the accord of December 31, 2016 and on the future of the country,\u201d Tshibala told VOA's French to Africa service.\nSupporters of Congolese opposition leader Etienne Tshisekedi gather outside his residence in Kinshasa, Feb. 2, 2017.\nUDPS future\nPrunier is pessimistic about the immediate future of the opposition party and said Tshisekedi was the only thing that held it together.\n\u201cUDPS still existed because of him. His son will try to pick up the pieces as he can,\u201d Pruniersaid speaking of Felix Tshisekedi, who some hope can fill his father's shoes.\n\u201cGiven the extraordinary disparity of the Congolese political landscape, nobody will manage to keep the UDPS in one piece. It will explode and go in various directions,\u201d Prunier predicted.\nTshisekedi had also succeeded in unifying disparate opposition leaders including Moise Katumbi, the governor of Katanga, to form a unified front against the Kabila government.\nTshisekedi, born in Kananga, founded the UDPS in 1982 and was the runner-up in the 2011 election, which Kabila won.\nHe had traveled to Belgium this week for treatment when his condition quickly worsened. Radio France Internationale reported he died of a pulmonary embolism.\n\"The initial exams were good, but in a surprising manner he succumbed,\" said Tshibala.\nEddie Isango and James Butty contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "Women supporters of Congolese opposition leader Etienne Tshisekedi mourn his death outside his residence in the Democratic Republic of Congo's capital Kinshasa, Feb. 2, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/59C37745-751B-45A9-8C64-88D375C23045.jpg",
        "id": "2276_2",
        "answer": [
            "refused to compromise on his beliefs or accept a highly-paid position as a minister in Mobutu's government."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Tshisekedi"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_02_3703895",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_02_3703895_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person with the light blue tie in the image do?",
        "context": "Trump to Reporters: Comey Statements Under Oath Weren't True\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. President Donald Trump told reporters Friday that former FBI Director James Comey's testimony under oath before Congress on Thursday contained statements that weren't true.\nTrump took questions from reporters in the Rose Garden outside the White House, in his first question-and-answer session with the media since May 18.\nIn answer to a reporter's question, the president denied he had asked for Comey's pledge of loyalty in a private meeting earlier this year.\n\"I hardly know the man,\" Trump said. \"I'm not going to say 'I want you to pledge allegiance.' Who would do that?\"\nHe also said he did not ask Comey to drop the FBI investigation of former National Security Adviser Michael Flynn and possible ties to Russia.\nAnd the president said he would be happy to talk to special counsel Robert Mueller about those allegations, telling reporters, \"I'd be glad to tell him exactly what I just told you.\"\nComey wrote memos about his recollection of those events because he said Thursday he did not trust the president to tell the truth about their conversations. Those memos are now in Mueller's possession, as he heads up the investigation of possible Russian involvement in the U.S. presidential campaign.\nTrump was also asked if recordings exist of his conversations with Comey, as he has hinted in tweets in the past. Trump did not answer directly, saying only, \"I'll tell you about that maybe sometime soon.\" Later, he told a reporter, \"You're going to be very disappointed when you hear the answer.\"\nU.S. President Donald Trump, right, responds to a question as he meets with Romanian President Klaus Iohannis in the Oval Office at the White House in Washington, U.S. June 9, 2017.\nTrump was appearing at the White House with Romanian President Klaus Iohannis. The two men met for the first time recently, at a summit where Trump blasted other NATO members for not paying their dues.\nIohannis offered support for Trump's position Friday, saying to Trump, \"I'm very glad that due to your strong leadership NATO decided to go against terrorism. Your involvement made so many nations conscious of the fact that we have to share the burden inside NATO.\"\nTrump also took a question about the United States' commitment to NATO, saying the U.S. is committed to Article 5, the NATO policy of \"collective defense\" \u2014 meaning, if one NATO country is attacked, it is considered an attack against all.\n\"Certainly, we are there to protect,\" Trump said. \"That's one of the reasons I want people to make sure we have a very, very strong force [among NATO nations]. Absolutely, I'd be committed to Article 5.\"\nHe also said since he delivered his strong rebuke to NATO members, money \"is starting to pour in\" to NATO's coffers, presumably from members behind on their dues. \"Other countries are starting to realize it's time to pay up,\" Trump said.\nTrump's comments Friday afternoon came a few hours after he took to Twitter in the early morning to claim \"total and complete vindication\" in the Comey matter.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-partner=\\\"tweetdeck\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;Despite so many false statements and lies, total and complete vindication...and WOW, Comey is a leaker!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/873120139222306817\\\"\\u0026gt;June 9, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nDuring his testimony Thursday, Comey told lawmakers that Trump was not a target in the bureau's investigation into Russia.\nTrump fired Comey in May, saying \"this Russia thing\" was on his mind when he decided to dismiss the head of the nation's top law enforcement agency while Comey was leading its probe into Russia's alleged meddling in last year's election.\nWATCH: Comey on why he was fired\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nComey on Firing: \u2018Shifting Explanations Confused, Concerned Me\u2019\nShare this video\n0:01:26\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:26\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 3.7MB\n360p | 4.5MB\n480p | 27.1MB\nComey testified Thursday on Capitol Hill that he believed Trump was trying to get him to drop an investigation of Trump's former national security adviser, Michael Flynn, and that White House officials spread \"lies, plain and simple\" to cover up the reason behind Comey's dismissal.\n\"There's no doubt that I was fired because of the Russia investigation,\" Comey told lawmakers, referring to the widening probe of Russian influence on last year's U.S. presidential election. American intelligence agencies have said it was an effort by the Kremlin to help Trump defeat his Democratic opponent, former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton.\nComey's nearly three-hour testimony before the Senate Intelligence Committee was his first chance to speak in public about the meetings and conversations he had with Trump during the months before being fired.\n",
        "caption": "U.S. President Donald Trump, right, responds to a question as he meets with Romanian President Klaus Iohannis in the Oval Office at the White House in Washington, U.S. June 9, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/8C129C36-AB88-446F-95F0-0E22740E51A6.jpg",
        "id": "11299_2",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "Offered support for Trump\u2019s position",
            "offered support for Trump's position"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Iohannis",
            "Romanian President Klaus Iohannis  "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_09_3894322",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_09_3894322_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What was the nation of the person with glasses in the image encouraged to do?",
        "context": "US Allies Optimistic About Political Solution to Syrian Conflict \nU.S. allies said after a meeting Friday with Secretary of State Rex Tillerson they were encouraged the United States would support a political solution to the Syrian conflict.\n\"All the participants want a political solution because a military solution alone won't lead to peace in Syria,\" German Foreign Minister Sigmar Gabriel told reporters in Bonn, where the G-20 summit is under way.\nTillerson met for the first time on the sidelines at the gathering with about a dozen Western and Arab countries as well as Turkey.\nU.S. Syria policy \nBefore the meeting, diplomats were seeking clarity on whether the new U.S. administration of President Donald Trump had changed its policy on Syria, particularly regarding the future of President Bashar al-Assad.\nUnder the previous administration of President Barack Obama, the U.S. insisted Assad had to go, putting the U.S. at odds with Russia - which supports the Syrian leader.\nTrump has emphasized closer cooperation with Russia in combating Islamic State in Syria.\nRussia, whose influence in the conflict has grown, hosted separate peace talks in Kazakhstan with Turkey, brokering a fragile six-week truce between Syria's warring factions.\nGerman Foreign Minister Gabriel said \"like-minded\" nations agreed to increase pressure on Russia to support a political solution and reaffirmed there could be no alternative to United Nations-led talks. A new round of the talks involving the Syrian regime and rebel representatives has been scheduled for February 23 in Geneva.\nSecretary of State Tillerson also met Friday with Chinese counterpart Wang Yi for the first time and urged China to help assert more control over North Korea after a series of nuclear and ballistic missile tests.\nA man watches a TV news program showing a photo published in North Korea's Rodong Sinmun newspaper of North Korea's \"Pukguksong-2\" missile launch, at Seoul Railway station in Seoul, South Korea, Feb. 13, 2017.\nNorth Korea nuclear threat \nActing State Department spokesman Mark Toner said Friday in Bonn that Tillerson \"highlighted the increasing threat posed by North Korea's nuclear and missile programs and urged China to use all available tools to moderate North Korea's destabilizing behavior.\"\nWang told Tillerson that the U.S. and China have joint responsibilities to maintain global stability, according to a statement form China's Foreign Ministry. Wang also said common interests between the two countries far outweigh their differences.\nThe Russian foreign minister Sergey Lavrov, right, and US Secretary of State Rex Tillerson stand together during the G-20 Foreign Ministers meeting in Bonn, Germany, Feb. 16, 2017.\nUkraine \nAfter meeting Thursday with Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov, Tillerson said the U.S. could collaborate with Russia if it honored its commitment to help end the crisis in Ukraine.\nTillerson is attending his first G-20 meeting, hosted by Foreign Minister Gabriel, who has been a vocal critic of some of Trump's policies.\nThe G-20 countries account for about 85 percent of the world economy and two-thirds of the global population.\nThe Bonn meeting is a precursor to a G-20 summit scheduled for July in Hamburg in what may be the first time Trump meets Putin in person.\n",
        "caption": "The Russian foreign minister Sergey Lavrov, right, and US Secretary of State Rex Tillerson stand together during the G-20 Foreign Ministers meeting in Bonn, Germany, Feb. 16, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D2FE4D55-FE55-43D9-B313-BCE19B15CB08.jpg",
        "id": "33594_3_1",
        "answer": [
            "help end the crisis in Ukraine"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Sergei Lavrov,"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_17_3728895",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_17_3728895_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What will be the next position of the person in the image holding their arms up?",
        "context": "Gambia's Barrow Heading Home as Defeated Jammeh Agrees to Leave\nNewly-elected Gambian President Adama Barrow posted on Twitter Saturday that he will return to his homeland and assume power now that defeated leader Yahya Jammeh has agreed to step down and leave the country.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;As Yahya Jammeh officially stepped down from office \u2014 I will be returning to my homeland, the Republic of The Gambia. \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/NewGambia?src=hash\\\"\\u0026gt;#NewGambia\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Adama Barrow (@adama_barrow) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/adama_barrow/status/822809742707949569\\\"\\u0026gt;January 21, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nJammeh, who is expected to leave for Guinea within hours, agreed Friday to peacefully hand over power to Barrow, who is waiting in neighboring Senegal for safety reasons.\nJammeh's departure ends a political standoff that pushed Gambia to the brink of a military intervention by West African forces. The regional forces have been in Gambia for about a week because of Jammeh's refusal to concede defeat in last month\u2019s presidential poll.\nGambia's Adama Barrow waves after his inauguration at Gambia's embassy in Dakar, Senegal, Jan. 19, 2017.\nJammeh's decision brings to a close a reign that started 22 years ago when he seized power in a coup. His authoritarian government had a reputation for torturing and killing perceived opponents to suppress dissent.\nThe former Gambian president negotiated Friday with the presidents of Guinea and Mauritania before agreeing to step down. Sources close to the talks said they discussed where Jammeh would live and whether he would be granted amnesty for alleged crimes committed during his reign.\nBarrow, a property developer, led an opposition coalition few political observers thought would win. \"The rule of fear has been banished from Gambia for good,\" Barrow said Friday in Dakar after it became clear Jammeh would cede power. \n",
        "caption": "Gambia's Adama Barrow waves after his inauguration at Gambia's embassy in Dakar, Senegal, Jan. 19, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/0E9B08CC-C5BD-4783-B626-53C8C09F540C.jpg",
        "id": "4364_2",
        "answer": [
            "President",
            "Gambian President"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Adama Barrow"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_21_3686168",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_21_3686168_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the event the people in the image are fleeing from cause?",
        "context": "Gunfire Erupts in Ivory Coast Port City of San Pedro\nABIDJAN, IVORY COAST \u2014\u00a0\nHeavy gunfire erupted after dark on Wednesday in Ivory Coast's second port city, San Pedro, residents said, as two weeks of military uprisings that have tarnished the West African nation's image as a post-war success story showed no sign of letting up.\nThe shooting came just hours after the other main port in the commercial capital, Abidjan, reopened after paramilitary gendarmes firing in the air temporarily sealed off access forcing companies, including cocoa exporters, to close down.\nPresident Alassane Ouattara, who is also facing a wave of public sector strikes, ordered his defence minister and military chiefs to hold urgent talks with members of the security forces about their grievances in a bid to quell the instability.\nIvory Coast has emerged from a 2002-2011 political crisis and civil war as one of the world's fastest-growing economies.\nBut the violence, which began with an army mutiny nearly two weeks ago, has exposed festering divisions within the military.\nSoldiers of Ivory Coast presidential guard arrive at the port of Abidjan, Jan. 18, 2017.\nIvory Coast's army was cobbled together after the civil war from rebel and loyalist factions. It was not immediately clear who was shooting in San Pedro, which is an export point for cocoa grown in the fertile west and had until Wednesday remained untouched by the waves of revolts that have swept through much of the rest of the country.\n\"Shooting started at the [bus] station where I am now,\" said taxi driver Hugues Kape, who said he had heard gunfire in two other neighborhoods as well. \"There's heavy shooting and we are trying to get home now.\"\nA second resident confirmed the gunfire.\nPresident's Plea\nEarlier in the day in Abidjan, gendarmes - a police force under the authority of the defense ministry - poured out of their base, sealing of entrances to the port and bringing activity there to a standstill.\nThe port reopened later in the day, the port authority said.\nSeparately, guards in Bouake, the second largest city, also fired their weapons in front of the main prison to try to pressure the government into paying them more money, a local member of parliament said.\nAfter a cabinet meeting on Wednesday, government spokesman Bruno Kone said: \"The President of the Republic ... asks all soldiers, gendarmes, police, customs officers, forestry service agents and prison guards to facilitate the return of calm.\"\nDefense Minister Alain-Richard Donwahi said the government was already in contact with those involved.\n\"We are going to regain control of this army so it will truly be at the service of the nation,\" he told reporters.\nSoldiers - mainly ex-rebels - stormed out of their barracks and seized Bouake on Jan. 6, and the mutiny quickly spread, forcing the government to capitulate to the mutineers' demands.\nThe government started making promised bonus payments to disgruntled soldiers this week in line with an agreement to end the mutiny, although the payments have angered rival factions and triggered copycat demands.\nSoldiers in other segments of the military revolted in the capital, Yamoussoukro, on Tuesday, leading to clashes in which at least two soldiers were killed.\n",
        "caption": "People flee the port of Abidjan after hearing gunfire, in Abidjan, Ivory Coast, Jan. 18, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/86378068-5A0E-43D4-9638-5F7F558515C9.jpg",
        "id": "2444_1",
        "answer": [
            "forcing companies, including cocoa exporters, to close down",
            "firing in the air temporarily sealed off access forcing companies, including cocoa exporters, to close down",
            "companies, including cocoa exporters, to close down."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Abidjan"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_18_3681868",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_18_3681868_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who is the decorated person in the image taking the position of?",
        "context": "Trump Names Army Strategist McMaster as National Security Adviser\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. President Donald Trump named a new national security adviser Monday, picking Army Lieutenant General H.R. McMaster, a military strategist who has spent his entire career in the U.S. armed forces.\nTrump called the 54-year-old McMaster \"a man of tremendous talent and tremendous experience.\"\nThe president, making the announcement from his Florida retreat Mar-a-Lago along the Atlantic Ocean, said that retired Army Lieutenant General Keith Kellogg, who had been his acting adviser, will now serve as chief of staff of the National Security Council.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-partner=\\\"tweetdeck\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;Just named General H.R. McMaster National Security Advisor.\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/833783438922629125\\\"\\u0026gt;February 20, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nMcMaster is currently director of the Army's Capabilities Integration Center, an Army agency tasked with integrating \"war-fighting capabilities into the force\" and with other government agencies. Trump selected him over at least three other contenders, including Kellogg.\nRetired Army Lt. Gen. Keith Kellogg listens as Trump announces that Army Lt. Gen. H.R. McMaster will be the new national security adviser. Kellogg, who had been his acting adviser, will now serve as chief of staff of the National Security Council.\nA much-decorated soldier \nMcMaster will replace Michael Flynn, the retired Army general Trump fired a week ago after just 24 days on the job at the start of Trump's assumption of power in Washington. The new president said last week it was unacceptable to him that Flynn lied to Vice President Mike Pence about contacts he had with the Russian ambassador to Washington in the weeks before Trump was inaugurated a month ago. \nMcMaster is a much-decorated soldier, winning a Silver Star early in his Army career leading U.S. troops in their destruction of 80 Iraqi Republican Guard tanks without U.S. losses in a battle against Saddam Hussein's forces during their 1991 invasion of Kuwait. McMaster has held numerous key Army postings over the last 25 years.\nThree years ago, Time magazine put him on its list of the 100 most influential people in the world, calling him \"the architect of the future U.S. Army.\"\nThe immediate reaction from members of Congress was positive.\nSen. John McCain, who has occasionally voiced concerns about Trump's administration, especially over foreign policy and security issues, said McMaster is \"an outstanding choice for national security adviser,\" and called him \"a man of genuine intellect, character and ability.\"\nFellow Republicans Sen. Tom Cotton and Rep. Adam Kinzinger also heaped praise on McMaster, with Cotton tweeting the general is \"one of the finest combat leaders of our generation.\"\nRep. Adam Schiff, a frequent Trump critic, tweeted that McMaster is a \"solid choice, bright & strategic. Wrote the book on importance of standing up to POTUS [president of the U.S.]. May need to show same independence here.\"\nFILE - Mike Flynn arrives for a news conference in the East Room of the White House in Washington, Feb. 13, 2017.\nPence 'disappointed' by Flynn\nPence said Monday he was \"disappointed\" to learn that Flynn had misled him about his contacts with the Russian ambassador, stressing that he supported Trump's decision to fire him.\nPence, during a news conference at NATO headquarters in Brussels, said, \"It was the proper decision, it was handled properly and in a timely way.\"\nTrump's chief of staff said Sunday that the person selected to be the next national security adviser \u2014 McMaster, as it turns out \u2014 will have full authority over staffing decisions for the National Security Council.\nThat issue over control was reportedly one reason former Navy admiral Robert Harward turned down the job last week.\n\"The president has said very clearly that the new director will have total and complete say over the makeup of the NSC and all of the components of the NSC,\" White House chief of staff Reince Priebus said on Fox News Sunday. Harward was Trump's first choice to replace Flynn.\nFILE - Former Defense Secretary Leon Panetta, speaks during the third day of the Democratic National Convention in Philadelphia, July 27, 2016.\nPanetta voices his concerns\nFormer U.S. Defense Secretary Leon Panetta told NBC's Meet the Press on Sunday the turmoil surrounding the key position has made U.S. national security operations \"dysfunctional.\"\n\"What happens if there's a major crisis that faces this country?\" Panetta said. \"If Russia engages in a provocation, if Iran does something stupid, if North Korea does something stupid and we have to respond, where is the structure to be able to evaluate that threat, consider it, and provide options to the president?\n\"Right now, that's dysfunctional, and that's what worries me a great deal,\" said Panetta, who also once served as director of the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency.\nWATCH: Pence on Flynn \nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nPence: 'Disappointed' in General Flynn\nShare this video\n0:01:01\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:01\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 2.1MB\n360p | 2.6MB\n480p | 15.7MB\n",
        "caption": "President Donald Trump, right, speaks as Army Lt. Gen. H.R. McMaster, left, listens at Trump's Mar-a-Lago estate in Palm Beach, Fla., Feb. 20, 2017, where Trump announced that McMaster will be the new national security adviser.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/86403468-F01F-4F37-83E8-26A14EB14714.jpg",
        "id": "29553_1_3",
        "answer": [
            "Michael Flynn"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "McMaster"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_20_3732197",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_20_3732197_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in the image with the sunglasses want?",
        "context": "Death of North Korea's Onetime Heir Sheds Light on Secretive Kim Dynasty\nThe apparent assassination of the estranged half-brother of North Korean leader Kim Jong Un is drawing the world's attention to the secretive Kim family's inner circle.\nKim Jong Nam, 45, died en route to a hospital Monday after he was reportedly poisoned by two women at Malaysia's Kuala Lumpur International Airport while waiting to take a Macau-bound flight, according to Malaysian and South Korean officials. Malaysian police have detained two women and one man in connection with the death. Authorities are hunting for other suspects. \nFILE - This image provided by Star TV of closed circuit television footage from Feb. 13, 2017, shows a woman, left, at Kuala Lumpur International Airport in Sepang, Malaysia, who police say was arrested Wednesday in connection with the death of Kim Jong Nam.\nSelangor Police Chief Abdul Samah Mat told VOA Friday the hospital has not released final results of an autopsy that could determine the cause of the death. Abdul Samah, who is in charge of the investigation, said the police are trying to obtain DNA samples from the victim\u2019s kin to confirm his identify.\nAccording to South Korean lawmakers briefed by the National Intelligence Service, there is reason to believe that Kim was killed on the orders of his younger half-brother Kim Jong Un, who is known to execute or depose anyone who appears to be a threat to the legitimacy of his rule. In late 2013, the North Korean leader executed his uncle Jang Song Thaek, who was widely deemed as the second-most powerful figure in the country.\nJang Jin-sung, who worked as a psychological warfare officer for North Korea's ruling Workers' Party before he defected in 2004, told VOA that given Kim Jong Nam's place as the firstborn child of Kim Jong Il, Kim Jong Un might have seen his brother's existence as an obstacle to his grip on power.\nFILE - Kim Jong Nam, front row center, at Wonsan Beach in 1980. Rear row left to right, aunt Song Hye Rang, maternal grandmother Kim Won Ju, Li Nam Ok. (Source: Imogen O\u2019Neil/The Golden Cage: Life with Kim Jong Il, A Daughter\u2019s Story.)\nSecluded childhood\nKim Jong Nam is the eldest son of the late North Korean leader Kim Jong Il, who ruled the communist state from 1994 to 2011, and was once regarded as heir apparent to his father. The son was born on May 10, 1971. His mother was a South Korea-born film star, Song Hye Rim, who divorced her husband to become Kim Jong Il's secret mistress.\n\"Kim Jong Il wanted a family with the woman he loved, and now he had an heir, but he also needed to protect his position as his father's successor,\" reads an unpublished memoir obtained by VOA and based on the oral accounts of Li Nam Ok, Song's niece.\nKim Jong Il kept the relationship with Song secret, especially from his father Kim Il Sung.\nKim Jong Il almost completely insulated his son from the outside world. Li Nam Ok was his only playmate in Pyongyang. Kim, besotted with his son, forgave his \"tantrums and capriciousness,\" according to French author Imogen O'Neil, who worked with Li on the memoir. Li left North Korea in 1992 and never returned.\nFILE - Kim Jong Nam rides on water skiing at Wonsan beach in 1987. (Source: Imogen O\u2019Neil/The Golden Cage: Life with Kim Jong Il, A Daughter\u2019s Story.)\n\"His father refused him nothing; Kim Jong Il used to say there was only his son in his life,\" according to O'Neil's manuscript.\nThe memoir offers a rare glimpse into Kim Jong Nam's childhood, adolescence and early manhood. It revealed that he lived in luxury in Pyongyang, surrounded by expensive goods virtually unseen in North Korea. His aunt, Song Hye Rang, who was Li's mother, oversaw Kim's private education, which covered math, science, English and Russian. When Kim was 8 years old, he visited Moscow, where his mother was receiving medical treatments.\nAccording to the memoir, Kim Jong Il decided to send the \"little general\" overseas for \"structured education\" on his son's 10th birthday. For most of the 1980s, Kim Jong Nam lived in Switzerland, where he studied at the International School of Geneva.\nAfter returning to Pyongyang in 1988, Kim, who was known to be a computer enthusiast, held government posts. At one point, he was head of North Korea's Computer Committee where he was in charge of developing information technology.\nFILE - North Korean leader Kim Jong Il, front left, poses with his first-born son Kim Jong Nam, front right, and his relatives in Pyongyang in this Aug. 19, 1981 photo.\nFall from grace\nYoji Gomi, a senior staff writer at the newspaper Tokyo Shimbun closely followed Kim Jong Nam and published a book in 2012 that was based on correspondence with him. Gomi told VOA that upon returning from Switzerland, Kim had frequently advised his father to adopt the free market system to boost North Korea's economy.\n\"Kim told me that he had some friction with the supreme leader Kim Jong Il, and that's when their relationship began to sour,\" Gomi said. \"I believe that because of that friction, Kim was not able to become North Korea's leader and, instead, he led an itinerant life\" outside North Korea.\nCheong Seong-chang, an expert on North Korea's leadership and director of unification strategy at the Sejong Institute in Seoul, said Kim Jong Nam was sidelined from succession when Kim Jong Il's third wife, Ko Yong Hui, a dancer born in Japan, gave birth to two sons, one of whom now rules North Korea.\n\"It appears that after Kim Jong Chul and Kim Jong Un were born, Kim Jong Nam may have come as a burden to Kim Jong Il,\" the analyst said in an email to VOA. Kim Jong Chul was last seen in 2015 in London at an Eric Clapton concert, according to press reports.\nSome suspect that Kim Jong Nam fell out of favor with his father when he was arrested at Tokyo's Narita Airport in 2001 as he attempted to enter Japan with a forged Dominican Republic passport. He told police at the time that he had traveled to Japan to visit Tokyo Disneyland with his four-year-old son and two unidentified women.\nFILE - A TV screen shows pictures of North Korean leader Kim Jong Un and his older brother Kim Jong Nam, left, at the Seoul Railway Station in Seoul, South Korea, Feb. 14, 2017.\nSince then, Kim Jong Nam had been living in exile \u2014 mostly in Beijing and Macau \u2014 with his wife and children. Often spotted at hotels, casinos and airports throughout Southeast Asia, Kim was widely known for his gambling and drinking habits.\nIn an interview with TV Asahi in 2010, shortly before his younger brother Kim Jong Un rose to power, Kim Jong Nam expressed his discontent with the Kim family's three-generation dynasty.\nIn 2012, Kim Han Sol, the then 16-year-old son of Kim Jong Nam, said during an interview with a Finnish TV channel that he didn't know how his uncle Kim Jong Un \"became a dictator.\"\nFeared for his life\nSeoul's intelligence agency said Kim Jong Un had \"a standing order\" for his half-brother's assassination and that there had been a botched attempt in 2012, according to South Korean lawmakers briefed by the agency.\nFollowing the failed attempt, Kim Jong Nam begged for his life in a letter addressed to Kim Jong Un, said the lawmakers.\nKim Jong Nam's family members are believed to be in Beijing and Macao under China's protection, according to the South Korean intelligence agency.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A TV screen shows pictures of North Korean leader Kim Jong Un and his older brother Kim Jong Nam, left, at the Seoul Railway Station in Seoul, South Korea, Feb. 14, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D4553FCE-8919-4836-84A7-6EBB6F482AC9.jpg",
        "id": "17274_6",
        "answer": [
            "his life",
            "None",
            "his father to adopt the free market system"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Kim",
            "Kim Jong Nam"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_17_3727887",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_17_3727887_6"
    },
    {
        "question": "Why are the people in the image in the new country?",
        "context": "Afghan Refugee Makes Tough Transition to US\nAnyone who approaches the Taste of Persia food truck during lunch hour in downtown Washington D.C. will likely be greeted by Afghan refugee Mohammad Mashooq Dowlati. Dowlati is the face of Taste of Persia because, as a former interpreter for the U.S. army in Afghanistan, he speaks good English.\nThe fields of the Afghan war are a long, long way from the streets of D.C. \u2013 and Dowlati has found the way to be fraught with difficulties and challenges he never imagined. Even the decision to go was wrenching.\n\u201cI\u2019m going to be away from the entire family maybe for many years or maybe forever, and that decision was really, really important,\u201d he says \u201cIt was so hard, emotionally hard.\u201d\nDowlati with his family at their apartment in Riverdale, MD. Two of the children came over from Afghanistan. The third was born here. (J. Soh/VOA)\nBut staying would have been hard too. Both his and his family\u2019s lives were in danger.\n\u201cA lot of interpreters got killed. They were kidnapped and then killed. In the worst situation, they were beheaded,\" Dowlati relates.\nThe family he left behind is still in danger because of his work with international forces. Dowlati says they have no protection.\n\u201cHonestly, they just have to rely on God, and they have to be careful \u2026 they cannot move to the remote areas \u2026 because if they go there, they will be kidnapped by bad guys, insurgents and get killed. They stay most of the time in the city centers.\u201d\nUnmet expectations\nDowlati, his wife and two children at the time (he now has three) came to the U.S. four years ago on special immigrant visas (SIVs). Some 15,000 Afghans are currently in some stage of applying for these visas that were created by Congress in 2008 for Afghan military translators and later expanded to cover other Afghans who served the U.S. government.\nThe SIV program was halted in March when the number of available visas ran out and has just recently been re-started after Congress authorized an additional 2500 SIVs.\nDowlati is grateful for the visas, but says he did not realize how difficult life in the U.S. was going to be. Away from her family, his wife faced challenges adjusting to the west and suffered from depression. And he had a rude awakening: job hunting.\nAfter considerable searching, Dowlati found work at a food truck. While he continues to look for an office job, he hopes to stay on with the truck. (J. Soh/VOA)\n\u201cI was very anxious to start my education right at the beginning of my presence in America,\u201d he says, \u201cbut then I found out that it\u2019s probably too early for that. I have to find a job to make enough money to afford the family.\u201d\nDowlati and other Afghan interpreters he has met in the U.S. were proud of the work they did to serve their country. \u201cWe were the connecter between the international forces and the local Afghanistan government forces and people,\u201d he says. \u201cSo we had a very sensitive, important job.\u201d\nWhen they came to the U.S., they had expectations that with their English skills and their service to the U.S. government, they should get slightly better treatment than other refugees in the form of work.\n\u201cI am not saying we should become a manager of a very important organization, but at least, we should have a simple or basic office job. Unfortunately, the United States or relevant organization have not helped us in this regard at all.\u201d\nDowlati says he speaks on behalf of thousands of Afghan interpreters, many of whom he knows. \u201cThey were, we were expecting to be treated a little better.\u201d\nDowlati and other Afghan interpreters he knows are grateful for the Special Immigrant Visas that allowed them to come to the US. But they had hoped for help finding jobs. (J. Soh/VOA)\nGetting to okay\nMinus any assistance, Dowlati had no idea what to do to find or apply for a job. With another Afghan refugee, he walked from business to business to talk to owners face to face. He did that for six months.\nDowlati finally found work in a chicken restaurant, cleaning and prepping food. It was hard on him. \u201cI was not\u2026 how to explain\u2026 I was not accustomed to that kind of job.\u201d\nUsed to office work, Dowlati had hoped to find a job in an office using his English and computer skills. \u201cBut because you\u2019re new here, nobody knows you. It\u2019s really hard to find that kind of work,\u201d he says.\nWorse, the restaurant job did not pay enough to support the family. Dowlati would need a second job. Luckily, he bumped into the Iranian owner of Taste of Persia, another refugee. That was three years ago.\n\u201cI was speaking in the same language with him,\u201d Dowlati says. \u201cWe\u2019re still working together.\u201d And they are making plans for the future: to become partners and share the truck or perhaps open another one.\nDowlati still hopes to continue his education and find an office job but along with, not apart from, his work with the food truck. In the meantime, his wife is feeling better about life in the U.S.\n\u201cTo be honest, we were thinking differently before we came here,\u201d Dowlati says. \"We had different perspection (sic), different understanding: If we go there, everything is going to go the way we want.\u201d\nIt didn\u2019t turn out that way. \u201cBut overall it is OK,\u201d he concedes. \u201cWe are satisfied with it.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "Dowlati with his family at their apartment in Riverdale, MD. Two of the children came over from Afghanistan. The third was born here. (J. Soh/VOA)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/111A6D6B-43C9-4655-BA24-3FFBD4F009F3.jpg",
        "id": "2695_1",
        "answer": [
            "The fields of the Afghan war are a long, long way from the streets of D.C.",
            "Afghan war",
            "his family\u2019s lives were in danger."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "family",
            "Afghan",
            "Dowlati"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_21_3909495",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_21_3909495_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What can the animal in the image not do well despite its abilities?",
        "context": "Ravens Show Unique Ability to Plan Ahead\nNEW YORK \u2014\u00a0\nMore than 170 years after Edgar Allan Poe's fictional raven croaked, \"Nevermore,\" scientists are reporting that real-life ravens think about the future.\nIn a series of tests, ravens showed signs of a general planning ability that previously had been documented only in people and great apes. Even monkeys have failed to show it.\nIt's not like you could ask a raven to arrange your wedding: Ravens showed they could plan by setting aside a tool that they suspected would get them a tasty treat later. And they prepared for future bartering, too.\nStill, it's impressive. Ravens, along with crows, jays and others, belong to a bird group called corvids. Some corvids have shown that in hoarding food, they do some planning for the future instead of just acting on natural urges. But does such foresight appear only for that behavior, as has been proposed? Or can corvids, like people and great apes, apply it to other activities?\nThis more general planning ability results from the combination of several skills, and if it appears in both corvids and great apes, it must have evolved more than once, the Swedish researchers said.\nThe researchers, Can Kabadayi and Mathias Osvath of Lund University, tested five captive ravens in two tasks they don't do in the wild: using tools and bartering with humans. They reported the results in a paper released Thursday by the journal Science.\nThe birds were shown a box that had a tube sticking out of the top, plus three stones. They learned that they could use a stone as a tool. If they dropped it down the tube, the box would release a coveted doggie treat. They also learned that some other familiar objects, like a small wooden wheel and a ball, would not work.\nNow the fun began.\nIn one experiment, the ravens were shown the box, but without any stones available. Then the box was taken away. An hour later, in another location, they were presented with a tray containing a stone plus three objects the birds knew would be useless for releasing the treat.\nThey were allowed to choose one thing from the tray. Fifteen minutes later, the box would show up again. Sure enough, in 14 cases of encountering the tray and later seeing the box reappear, they usually chose the stone and proceeded to use it correctly.\nThe same thing happened in another experiment, when the box didn't show up again until the next day, a delay of 17 hours.\nFurther work showed the ravens would pass up an immediate reward if they could get a better one by waiting a while.\nBartering\nThe ravens also showed they could barter for what they needed. The birds learned that they could exchange a blue plastic bottle cap with one of the experimenters for the favored doggie treat. When the experiments were repeated with the bottle cap replacing the stone, and an experimenter instead of the box, the results were basically the same.\nThe work presents \"compelling evidence\" of planning ability that goes beyond stashing food away, Markus Boeckle and Nicola Clayton of Cambridge University wrote in an accompanying commentary. \nAlthough the evidence is new, the ability of ravens to see ahead has long been suspected: In Greek mythology, they are associated with the god of prophecy; an old term for a group of ravens is \"conspiracy\"; and in Game of Thrones, a three-eyed raven appears in a prince's prophetic visions. \n",
        "caption": "FILE - A raven flies along Spanish Banks with the downtown core of Vancouver, British Columbia, in the background, June 1, 2010. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/41BDA0A5-C48C-4683-BE0D-55B63561F7FB.jpg",
        "id": "28913_1",
        "answer": [
            "arrange your wedding"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "raven"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_13_3943269",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_13_3943269_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who did the person wearing the blue tie in the image celebrate?",
        "context": "Tillerson Marks Failed Turkish Coup Anniversary\nU.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson has marked the anniversary this week of last year's failed coup coup in Turkey, praising the courage of the Turkish people in defending democracy but failing to mention the widespread government crackdown that has followed since.\nSpeaking Sunday at an oil conference in Istanbul, Tillerson recalled the brief, unsuccessful attempt last July 15 to overthrow President Recep Tayyip Erdogan. He also said the United States sees Turkey as a partner in its push for greater energy security in the region, and \"looks forward to engaging with Turkey on projects that will increase global energy security.\" \n\"We're all here in Istanbul at a momentous time,\" Tillerson said. \"Nearly a year ago, the Turkish people - brave men and women - stood up against coup plotters and defended their democracy. ... The Turkish people exercised their rights under the Turkish constitution, defended their place in a prosperous Turkey, and we remember those who were injured or died in that event.\"\nThe coup failed when thousands of Turks took to the streets, answering President Erdogan's call to resist the attempt to topple him, which was led by renegade members of the military. More than 240 people, many of them civilians, died that night, which was marked by pitched battles in Ankara between branches of the police and army.\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTillerson Praises Turkey, Rebukes Russia During Foreign Trip\nShare this video\n0:02:24\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:24\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 6.9MB\n360p | 10.9MB\n720p | 66.3MB\n1080p | 47.8MB\nSince last July, more than 100,000 people have been fired or suspended from their jobs in Turkey's civil and private sectors, and the Erdogan government has jailed more than 40,000 others on a variety of charges alleging they were involved in anti-government activities. Many of the prisoners have not yet been brought to court to answer the accusations against them; many also have complained of abuse and ill-treatment during the time in custody.\nThe Turkish government justified the moves as necessary to preserve order. Human-rights groups have said the president and his supporters used the coup as a pretext to quash dissent, and that prison authorities have denied medical care and adequate food and resorted to torturing detainees in some instances.\nEven as Tillerson spoke Sunday at the opening ceremony of an oil conference, tens of thousands of Turks were in the streets of Istanbul for an opposition rally.\nTillerson, the former chief executive officer of ExxonMobil Corporation, received an award from the congress of the World Petroleum Council recognizing his work in the industry for more than four decades.\n",
        "caption": "Turkish Foreign Minister, Mevlut Cavusoglu shakes hands with U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson, left, during their meeting in Istanbul, Sunday, July 9, 2017. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson accepts a prize from a global petroleum conference, back in the company of the oil men and authoritarian governments he made his career with. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D8BDDE2D-9EA9-4BCA-8D36-262130CD9A37.jpg",
        "id": "19447_1",
        "answer": [
            "the Turkish people",
            "Turkish people",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson",
            "Rex Tillerson"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_09_3934970",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_09_3934970_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What things often happen to people like those in the image?",
        "context": "Pakistani Prosecutor Allegedly Offered Christians Acquittal if They Converted\nIn late March, Syed Anees Shah, a Pakistani prosecutor, gathered a number of Christian suspects outside his court and offered them acquittal in exchange for their conversion to Islam.\nShah was prosecuting more than 40 Christians on charges of involvement in a brutal lynching in which two Muslim men were beaten to death in the aftermath of deadly suicide blasts at two churches in Lahore two years ago. The attacks killed 15 worshippers during Sunday services.\nAfter the blasts, angry protesters gathered at the scene and attacked two unknown Muslims whom they suspected of having ties to militants and set their bodies ablaze.\nPolice used cellphone videos and pictures taken by bystanders to identify those involved in the lynching. The evidence led to the arrest of more than 40 Christians from Youhanabad, a densely populated Christian neighborhood in Lahore.\nThe suspects were being tried in an anti-terrorism court in Lahore when prosecutor Shah offered them the deal.\nJoseph Francis, a defense attorney for the accused Christians, told reporters about Shah's offer to the defendants. \"He tells them that if they embrace Islam, he can guarantee them their acquittal in the case,\" Francis said.\nThe story was initially reported by Pakistan's Tribune newspaper.\nFled the country\nFrancis has reportedly left the country for fear of retribution after revealing the case to reporters.\n\"Joseph Francis, the rights activist providing legal assistance to the accused in a Lahore lynching case, left the country right after he reported the incident to the media. He has still not returned to Pakistan,\" Naeem Qaiser, a senior political reporter for TV news channel 92 in Lahore, told VOA.\nFILE - Pakistani paramilitary officers and policemen are on alert as Pakistani Christians leave a church after Christmas Mass in Islamabad, Dec. 25, 2016. Pakistani Christians frequently complain of being harassed by radicals and at times forced to convert to Islam.\nHuman rights activists were outraged by the prosecutor's offer, calling it a criminal offense.\n\"This is blackmailing,\" Mehdi Hasan, former chairperson of the Human Rights Commission of Pakistan, told VOA. \"According to the law and the constitution of Pakistan, no one can force anybody to change his or her religion.\"\nSome lawyers contend that many of those in custody on charges related to the lynching were in fact innocent bystanders.\n\"Most of the men were innocent. They were just standing there and had nothing to do with the lynching, but they're in jail now,\" Adnan Shamim Bhatti, a lawyer from Youhanabad, told VOA.\nGovernment's response\nAs the story was picked by the media, the provincial government intervened and launched an investigation against Shah, who initially denied the charges against him but later admitted to offering the deal after evidence emerged that seemed to confirm the defendants' claim.\nShah was reportedly videotaped while offering the deal outside the court in Lahore.\n\"The government is aware of the incident and an initial committee has been established to further look into this matter,\" Malik Ahmed Khan, a spokesperson for the Punjab provincial government, told VOA.\n\"Mr. Shah has been relieved of all his responsibilities as a prosecutor,\" Khan added.\nPakistan's government stresses a strict policy of zero tolerance for forced conversions.\n\"We've suffered a lot in the last so many decades due to religious intolerance. This particular case will speak for itself and will set an example,\" spokesperson Khan said.\nMinorities discriminated against\n\"The prompt response from the government is commendable,\" said Romana Bashir, a Christian who is the executive director for the Peace and Development Foundation. \"For me and my community, this is a positive response,\"\nBut for many, this was more than an isolated case.\n\"Our society is very emotional when it comes to religion,\" Bashir told VOA. \"It's not a matter of one case. I hope the government will keep addressing the issues related to minorities and this will give us [Christians] a sense of belonging to this country as well.\"\nFILE - Members of the Ahmadi Muslim community dig graves for victims in Chenab Nagar, located in Punjab's Chiniot district, about 200 kilometers northwest of Lahore, May 29, 2010. At least 70 people were killed in an attack.\nChristians are one of the largest non-Muslim minorities, representing about 1.6 percent of the Pakistani population. Christians frequently complain of being harassed by radicals and at times forced to convert to Islam. They are also often accused of violating the country's controversial anti-blasphemy law.\nIn some cases, just being accused of violating the anti-blasphemy law will draw the attention of those who believe in its strict implementation \u2014 and that means a serious threat to the accused person's life.\nIn 2014, an angry mob in Kot Radha Kishan city in Punjab province beat a Christian couple to death after they were accused of desecrating the Quran.\nChristians are not the only minority group being persecuted in Pakistan. The Ahmadi community, a religious sect, recently released its annual report, which noted an increase in violence against Ahmadis and their mosques across Pakistan in 2016.\nDays after the report was released, a prominent Ahmadi community leader and a lawyer, Malik Saleem Latif, was killed by unknown gunmen in Punjab's Nankana Sahib district.\nSympathy with extremists\nIn Pakistan, dealing with extremism and religious hatred is complicated by the fact that some political leaders openly sympathize with banned militant organizations that promote religious intolerance.\nHuman rights groups and activists have accused the government of not taking strong measures to keep in check those who spread hatred against religious minorities.\n\"Those who play politics in the name of religion in Pakistan have strong roots and the government's behavior is apologetic,\" rights activist Hasan told VOA. \"It clearly shows the government is not able to take a firm stand against religious intolerance.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Pakistani Christian women mourn the death of a man killed in a bombing attack, in Lahore, March 28, 2016. A suicide bombing had targeted Christians gathered on Easter, the day before, in Lahore. Christians frequently complain of being harassed by radicals in Pakistan.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/E8BC2B7E-A3F3-492F-97C5-0C3F8458E867.jpg",
        "id": "6627_1",
        "answer": [
            "being harassed by radicals and at times forced to convert to Islam",
            "harassed by radicals and at times forced to convert to Islam"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Christian",
            "Pakistani Christian women"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_08_3802324",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_08_3802324_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did one of the people in the image create?",
        "context": "Victim of Turkish Embassy Brawl: White House Inaction Sign of 'Weakness'\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nA demonstrator involved in the last week's violent clash with guards of Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan tells VOA a lawsuit will be filed over injuries sustained during the May 16 melee outside the Turkish ambassador's residence in Washington.\nArmenia-born Lucy Usoyan, an ethnic-Yazidi who became a U.S. citizen after moving here with family at age 3, sustained a traumatic brain injury during last week's brawl. In footage recorded by VOA Turkish, Usoyan, who is wearing red pants, can be seen lying unconscious on the ground near at the 25-second mark.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"src||https://www.facebook.com/plugins/video.php?href=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2Famerikaninsesi%2Fvideos%2F10158768770105442%2F\\u0026amp;show_text=0\\u0026amp;width=560\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":true,\"Type\":\"String\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nrender = function () {\nvar thisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"fbVideoSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".fbVideoSnippet\"))[0];\nvar embedUrl, container = thisSnippet.parentNode, showText = false,\nfbParse = function () {\nif (window.FB) {\nwindow.FB.XFBML.parse(thisSnippet);\nreturn true;\n} else\nreturn false;\n};\nif(userInput.substring(0,5) === \"src||\"){\nvar arrParts = userInput.split(\"%2F\");\nif(userInput.indexOf(\"show_text=1\") !== -1)\nshowText = true;\nembedUrl = \"https://www.facebook.com/\" + arrParts[3] + \"/videos/\" + arrParts[5] + \"/\";\n} else {\nuserInputParts = userInput.split(\"||\");\nembedUrl = decodeURIComponent(userInputParts[1]);\n}\nembedUrl += \"?show_text=1\";\ncontainer.style.width = \"100%\";\n// Load the SDK asynchronously\n(function(d, s, id){\nvar js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];\nif (d.getElementById(id)) {return;}\njs = d.createElement(s); js.id = id;\njs.src = \"//connect.facebook.net/en_US/sdk.js#xfbml=1&version=v2.4\";\nfjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs);\n}(d, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk'));\nif (!d.getElementById(\"fb-root\")) {\nvar fbroot = document.createElement(\"div\");\nfbroot.setAttribute(\"id\", \"fb-root\");\nthisSnippet.appendChild(fbroot);\n}\nvar fbVideo = document.createElement(\"div\");\nfbVideo.setAttribute(\"class\", \"fb-video\");\nfbVideo.dataset.allowfullscreen = 1;\nfbVideo.dataset.href = embedUrl;\nif(showText)\nfbVideo.setAttribute(\"data-show-text\", \"true\");\nvar fbXfbml = document.createElement(\"div\");\nfbXfbml.setAttribute(\"class\", \"fb-xfbml-parse-ignore\");\nfbVideo.setAttribute(\"cite\", embedUrl);\nfbVideo.appendChild(fbXfbml);\nthisSnippet.appendChild(fbVideo);\n//parse XFBML, because it is not nativelly working onload\nif (!fbParse()) {\nvar c = 0,\nFBParseTimer = window.setInterval(function () {\nc++;\nif (fbParse())\nclearInterval(FBParseTimer);\nif (c === 20) { //5s max\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Facebook API failed to initialize.\";\nclearInterval(FBParseTimer);\n}\n}, 250);\n}\nthisSnippet.className = \"fbVideoSnippetProcessed\";\n};\nif (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\nwindow.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\nelse\nrender();\n})(document);\n\u201cMany law offices have reached to us. Big law offices that have sued different governments,\u201d she told VOA's Armenia Service on Tuesday. \u201cWe will also have a lobbying office to represent this case, because we believe no government \u2014 not only Turkey \u2014 no government has the right to come to this country and beat up U.S. citizens and get away with it.\u201d\nA day after the brawl, VOA posted additional footage of moments leading up to the fight, during which President Erdogan \u2014 arriving at the residence after White House meetings \u2014 is seen talking with members of his armed security detail just before they break through a police line and violently charge the protesters. Moments later, Erdogan is seen looking on as the attack unfolds.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-video\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"tr\\\"\\u0026gt;Amerika\u2019n\u0131n Sesi \u00d6zel: \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/Erdo%C4%9Fan?src=hash\\\"\\u0026gt;#Erdo\u011fan\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt; \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/Washington?src=hash\\\"\\u0026gt;#Washington\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;%27daki olaylar\u0131n bitmesini arac\u0131nda bekledi \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://t.co/96IJVdVOpQ\\\"\\u0026gt;https://t.co/96IJVdVOpQ\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt; \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/amerikaninsesi?src=hash\\\"\\u0026gt;#amerikaninsesi\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt; \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://t.co/nh7nsyXwzL\\\"\\u0026gt;pic.twitter.com/nh7nsyXwzL\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Amerika%27n\u0131n Sesi (@VOATurkish) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/VOATurkish/status/865277723236814849\\\"\\u0026gt;May 18, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nStrained relations\nTurkish supporters claim they were provoked by protesters whom, they allege, support the Peoples' Protection Units (YPG), which Erdogan's government considers a terrorist group for its links to the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK). The PKK, with affiliates based in Turkey and Iraq, has been labeled a terrorist organization by the U.S. and European Union.\nTies between Washington and Ankara have been strained in recent years by American airpower support for YPG fighters battling Islamic State militants in northern Syria.\nAmerican lawmakers swiftly issued bipartisan outcry over the melee, which was followed by repeated expressions of concern by top State Department officials, who summoned Turkey's ambassador over the incident.\n'Ongoing investigation' \n\u201cThere is an ongoing investigation,\u201d Secretary of State Rex Tillerson told Fox News Sunday, adding that he will wait on the outcome of that probe before deciding on a more formal response.\nGlobally, however, Usoyan says the absence of a formal White House response makes the administration of U.S. President Donald Trump look weak.\n\u201cIn this case, the video went viral around the world,\u201d Usoyan said. \u201cI was talking to my family and relatives last night, and everyone takes this as a (sign of the) weakness of our current government. I do believe President Trump should shed a spotlight to this case and address this issue so it doesn't spotlight him as weak towards Turkey.\u201d\nFILE - President Donald Trump meets with Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan in the Oval Office of the White House in Washington, May 16, 2017.\nPolice behavior questioned\nOn Monday, Turkey summoned the U.S. ambassador to Ankara to protest what it called the \u201caggressive\u201d treatment of Turkish security, calling behavior of Washington Metropolitan police officers who attempted to break up the fight \u2014 sometimes with batons \u2014 \u201caggressive and unprofessional.\u201d\nThe Trump administration has vowed to arm YPG fighters as part of a campaign to take Islamic State's Syrian stronghold in Raqqa.\nErdogan and Trump are expected to meet again at this week's NATO summit in Brussels.\nThis report originated in VOA's Armenian Service.\n",
        "caption": "Demonstrators lie on the ground following a brawl with Turkish security personnel near the Turkish ambassador's residence in Washington, May 17, 2017. (screengrab from VOA Turkish video)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/C1034611-E420-4CBB-853C-4735DFB8AB12.jpg",
        "id": "11813_1",
        "answer": [
            "a lawsuit",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Demonstrators",
            "demonstrator"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_24_3869789",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_24_3869789_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Why did the man on the right in the image want to get off on good footing with Trump?",
        "context": "US-Japan Leaders' Diplomacy Will Swing to Golf \nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nAn Oval Office meeting, a White House lunch and a golf outing in Florida are intended to reassure Japan's leader the Trump administration stands with its ally \u201cshoulder to shoulder 100 percent,\u201d a senior U.S. administration official said Thursday.\nPrime Minister Shinzo Abe arrived Thursday evening in Washington, a day before he becomes the second foreign leader to officially meet with President Donald Trump.\nAbe, eager to get off on a good footing with then president-elect Trump, flew to New York City to meet him in November, shortly after the businessman's surprise election victory.\nDue to deeply intertwined military and trade ties, Japan has no choice but to pursue a good rapport with whomever is president of the United States, according to senior government officials in Tokyo.\nBut the Japanese have been deeply unsettled by Trump's previous rhetoric and its impact on East Asia.\nU.S. Defense Secretary Jim Mattis, left, and Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, right, shake hands at the prime minister's office in Tokyo, Feb. 3, 2017.\nMattis visits Japan\nDuring the campaign, the Republican candidate called for America's allies to pay more of the share for hosting U.S. bases, and commented that perhaps it would not be so bad for Japan to have its own nuclear deterrent.\nA visit to Japan by Defense Secretary Jim Mattis last week was meant to drive home the message that the United States, which protects the island nation with its nuclear arsenal and the 54,000 troops stationed there, will still have Tokyo's back.\n\u201cYou're going to hear similar messages from the president,\u201d a senior administration official said in response to a VOA News question during a telephone background briefing for reporters. And the president's words and actions, he added, \u201cwill go a long way to dispelling any doubts that may still remain\u201d in the region about the U.S. commitment to its defense alliances with Japan and South Korea.\nThe Trump-Abe meeting Friday will cover a wide range of other issues, especially trade.\nJapan to announce investment package\nAbe is being accompanied by what Japanese officials tell VOA is a delegation unprecedented in size and scope.\nTrump, who as president has relished a series of high-profile job creation announcements alongside corporate leaders, is expected to stand next to Abe at a news conference Friday for a similar announcement.\nAbe is set to reveal a $150 billion five-part investment package in U.S. infrastructure touted to eventually create 700,000 jobs.\nThis comes after the Japanese viewed the Trump administration's abandonment of the 12-nation Trans-Pacific Partnership as a severe setback for international trade growth. \nAbe expended significant political capital, especially with the influential agricultural sector, to bring his country into the landmark trade pact.\nTrump \u201cbelieves that bilateral agreements are really the way to go for the United States,\u201d the senior U.S. official said, explaining the president believes he can find terms more favorable for the United States in such an agreement rather than in a multilateral agreement where \u201cyou're held to the standard of the weakest link.\u201d\nPresident Donald Trump listens to the Palm Beach Central High School Band as they play at his arrival at Trump International Golf Club in West Palm Beach, Florida, Feb. 5, 2017. Trump will host Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe at his club on Saturday.\nTalks move to golf course\nThe United States and Japan together represent about 30 percent of global economic output.\nPursuit of a possible new, direct trade compact between the two countries is also expected to be discussed when the two leaders golf together Saturday at the president's resort in Palm Beach, Florida.\nThe invitation, the first offered a foreign leader to a property owned by the Trump family, has raised questions about a possible conflict of interest.\n\u201cThe visit to Mar-a-Lago is a personal gift,\u201d from the president to the prime minister, the senior administration official told reporters.\nA White House spokesperson emphasized that Abe and his delegation will not actually stay at the historic estate purchased by Trump in 1985.\nAfter becoming president, Trump signed documents to step aside from leadership roles in his companies, turning over control to his sons. But questions persist about the interpretation of the Emoluments Clause of the U.S. Constitution, which prohibits a president benefiting from foreign leaders.\n",
        "caption": "Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, right, answers questions from the media after meeting with then U.S. President-elect Donald Trump during his stopover in New York, Nov. 17, 2016. Abe was en route to an APEC meeting in Lima, Peru.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/206CAD89-2158-4619-92B5-08FD1383094C.jpg",
        "id": "26408_1",
        "answer": [
            "Due to deeply intertwined military and trade ties"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Japan "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_09_3716612",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_09_3716612_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What former job does the man in image have in common with some of his predecessors?",
        "context": "Linda McMahon Confirmed to Lead Small Business Administration\nCAPITOL HILL \u2014\u00a0\nThe U.S. Senate voted Tuesday to confirm former wrestling executive Linda McMahon to lead the Small Business Administration (SBA) as part of President Donald Trump's Cabinet.\nThe vote, 81-19, was a rare show of bipartisanship in Trump's politically fraught effort to get his Cabinet nominees approved.\nMcMahon sailed through the committee level of the confirmation process, advancing to the full Senate on an 18-1 vote. She and her husband, Vince McMahon, founded and built the popular World Wrestling Entertainment company and were major Trump campaign donors.\nThe SBA's mission is to support entrepreneurs and small businesses, of which there are about 28 million in the U.S.\nWATCH: McMahon sworn in as head of Small Business Administration \nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nLinda McMahon Confirmed to Lead Small Business Administration\nShare this video\n0:01:13\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:13\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 3.6MB\n360p | 5.6MB\n480p | 27.8MB\n\"Small businesses help drive America's economy,\" Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell said after she was confirmed. He said he was confident McMahon \"will prioritize growing jobs over growing government bureaucracy.\"\nOn Monday, the Senate confirmed Steve Mnuchin, 53, as Trump's pick for Treasury secretary. Mnuchin, a former Wall Street executive, received a party-line vote of 53-47, with Republicans lining up in support and Democrats vociferously opposed.\n\u201cUnder any objective standard, Mr. Mnuchin has ample experience, credentials and qualifications for this important position,\u201d said Republican Orrin Hatch of Utah, chairman of the Senate Finance Committee.\nShortly after his Senate confirmation, Mnuchin was sworn in at the White House by Vice President Mike Pence. Also in attendance was Trump, who praised him saying \"our nation's financial system is truly in great hands.\"\nU.S. President Donald Trump, left, watches as Vice President Mike Pence, right, swears in Steve Mnuchin as Treasury Secretary next to his fianc\u00e9, Louise Linton, in the Oval Office of the White House in Washington, Feb. 13, 2017.\nAfter rising to become a partner at Wall Street giant Goldman Sachs, Mnuchin led a group of investors that bought out a failing California bank at the height of the 2008-2009 financial crisis. Under his leadership, the bank foreclosed on thousands of distressed properties, a fact that Democrats repeatedly brought up at Mnuchin\u2019s confirmation hearing and in spirited floor debate ahead of the vote.\n\u201cI simply cannot forgive somebody who took a look at that banking crisis, who took a look at the pain Wall Street had sent in a wave across all of America, and thought, \u2018Aha! Here\u2019s a great new way to make money foreclosing on people,\u2019\u201d said Democratic Senator Sheldon Whitehouse of Rhode Island. \u201cSorry, I can\u2019t vote for somebody like that.\u201d\nAt his confirmation hearing, Mnuchin stressed that the bank he led, OneWest, made risky real estate loans before his investor group took over the institution.\nHe also said OneWest did allow some homeowners to modify their loans and avoid foreclosure, and that, while mistakes were made in the processing of some foreclosures, the bank did follow established guidelines for seizing delinquent properties.\nSteven Mnuchin testifies before a Senate Finance Committee confirmation hearing on his nomination to be Treasury secretary in Washington, Jan. 19, 2017.\nDemocrats were not satisfied. They accused the nominee of lying when he asserted that OneWest did not use an automated foreclosure procedure in which paperwork was \u201crobo-signed.\u201d\n\u201cThey foreclosed on families quickly without anyone reading the documents,\u201d said Democrat Debbie Stabenow of Michigan. \u201cThey had the machine signing, signing, signing.\u201d\n\u201cI think people should quit using false arguments against this man,\u201d Hatch retorted. \u201cMy colleagues [Democrats] have tried to smear Mr. Mnuchin. In essence, they\u2019ve tried to relitigate the foreclosure crisis with Mr. Mnuchin\u2019s company confusingly placed in the crosshairs.\u201d\nHatch noted that Mnuchin is hardly the first bank executive or Wall Street titan to serve as Treasury secretary. The Utah Republican noted that former President Barack Obama\u2019s Treasury secretary, Jack Lew, also was a banking executive and investor.\nSenate Health, Education, Labor and Pensions Committee member Sen. Orrin Hatch, center, leaves the committee's executive session on Education Secretary-designate Betsy DeVos, on Capitol Hill in Washington, Jan. 31, 2017.\n\u201cI found it particularly interesting to see my friends raise concerns about matters that did not bother them in the least when it came to vote for Democrat(ic) nominees for Treasury secretary,\u201d Hatch said. \u201cMany issues that seemed to be of little or no concern to my colleagues, my friends on the other side, during the confirmation process for [former] Secretary Jack Lew have been considered disqualifying for Mr. Mnuchin.\u201d\nMnuchin is a believer in so-called \"supply-side\" economics \u2013 that tax cuts generate additional economic activity, thereby boosting prosperity as well as tax revenues to the government. His philosophy matches that of congressional Republicans eager to cut taxes, but invites scorn from Democrats.\n\u201cThe main part of what he is advocating is tax cuts for the wealthy,\u201d said Democratic Senator Ben Cardin of Maryland. \u201cHere\u2019s the problem: How do we pay for this? How do we offset the cost of these tax cuts, because I don\u2019t think any of us want to add to the deficit.\u201d\n\u201cI know many working people voted for President Trump in hopes that he would change the power structure in Washington as he promised so many times,\u201d said Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, a New York Democrat. \u201cHis Cabinet was the first way to see if he really meant it. It turns out, President Trump was using populist rhetoric to cover up a hard right agenda, which will be carried out by this bevy of billionaires and bankers and hard right ideologues.\u201d\nMnuchin is the latest Trump Cabinet pick to receive full-throated, lockstep opposition from Democrats, a pattern Republicans see as pointless and counter-productive.\nFILE - The Senate Veterans' Affairs Committee Ranking member Jon Tester, D-Mont., left, with committee chairman Sen. Johnny Isakson, R-Ga., center, shakes hands with Veterans Affairs Secretary-designate Dr. David Shulkin on Capitol Hill.\n\u201cMy colleagues are, of course, free to do whatever they think will help them hobble the new administration and score points with their political base,\u201d Hatch said. \u201cHowever, they should know that these tactics do absolutely nothing to help American families seeking greater opportunities and economic growth.\u201d\nOne departure from that partisan pattern was Monday's unanimous confirmation of physician David Shulkin to lead the Department of Veterans Affairs, the government's second-largest agency.\nShulkin had been the department's top health official since 2015, and is the only Trump Cabinet official who served during the previous administration of former President Barack Obama.\n",
        "caption": "Steven Mnuchin testifies before a Senate Finance Committee confirmation hearing on his nomination to be Treasury secretary in Washington, Jan. 19, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F2726B28-6D84-4386-8B5B-53B53E73D5CA.jpg",
        "id": "22173_3",
        "answer": [
            "bank executive or Wall Street titan "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Mnuchin"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_14_3723845",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_14_3723845_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What was the source of the burning vehicles in the image?",
        "context": "Sweden \u2014 Not Perfect, But Not Trump's Immigrant-crime Nightmare\nSTOCKHOLM \u2014\u00a0\nBemused Swedes have been defending their record as a low-crime society in the wake of U.S. President Donald Trump's speech in Florida last week in which he appeared to refer to a terrorist attack in Sweden that did not happen.\nTrump later said he was talking about a Fox News program highlighting allegedly surging crime statistics in Sweden and linking them to rising immigrant numbers, after a record 163,000 asylum-seekers arrived in 2015.\nOn Monday, he tweeted: \"The FAKE NEWS media is trying to say that large scale immigration in Sweden is working out just beautifully. NOT!\"\nSwedes have jumped to their country's defense.\n\u201cLast year there were app 50 pct more murders only in Orlando/Orange in Florida, where Trump spoke the other day, than in all of Sweden. Bad,\" former Prime Minister Carl Bildt tweeted.\nFew would argue with the fact that Trump's picture of Sweden is at odds with statistics.\nSweden's then-Foreign Minister Carl Bildt speaks during a meeting of European Union foreign ministers in Brussels, Aug. 15, 2014.\nCrime wave not a fact\nSweden ranked 187th out of 218 countries in 2014 in terms of murders per capita, according to a survey by the U.N. Office on Drugs and Crime. The murder rate in the United States, which ranked about 110th, was more than four times higher.\nThe suggestion that the recent rise in asylum numbers has triggered a crime wave appears to have come from media reports rather than from statistics, as Swedish police do not register suspects' ethnic origins, only their gender and age.\n\u201cThere is no basis for drawing the conclusion that crime rates are soaring in Sweden and that that is related to immigration,\u201d Stina Holmberg at the National Council for Crime Prevention said.\nThe most recent official survey from 2005 does show foreign-born Swedes are more than twice as likely to be suspects in criminal investigations, but their ethnicity is not the main reason for this.\n\u201cMinorities are often over-represented in criminal statistics, but when you adjust for socioeconomic factors, that disappears almost completely,\u201d Social and Justice Minister Morgan Johansson said recently.\nA policeman investigates a damaged car in the Rinkeby suburb outside Stockholm, Sweden, Feb. 21, 2017.\nSurge in gang violence\nSweden is nevertheless not the crime-free utopia that some might like to believe.\nA surge in gang-related violence has pushed up the murder rate in the last couple of years.\nIn the southern city of Malmo, a town just shy of 300,000 people, 12 people were killed last year, according to local media. That was a record and gave it a murder rate per capita three times higher than that of London.\nIn 2013, in the mainly immigrant Stockholm suburb of Husby, around a hundred cars were burned and seven police were injured in five nights of rioting, which spread on a smaller scale to other cities across the country.\nTrouble in suburbs\nEmergency services are regularly attacked by stone-throwing youths, and on Monday night, rioters in a suburb of the capital battled police and burned a handful of cars.\nBut the violence has clearly not spiraled out of control.\n\u201cThere are no areas where the police don't go,\u201d police spokeswoman Johanna Blomqvist said in an email in reply to Reuters' questions.\nAnd an annual survey of Swedes by the National Council for Crime Prevention shows crime rates broadly unchanged over the last 10 years.\nMany Swedes do appear to be worried about immigration, however.\nSwedish PM Stefan Lofven visits Klobben island during a meeting of the Nordic prime ministers in Saltvik, Finland, Sept. 27, 2016.\nCall for more police\nThe anti-immigration Sweden Democrats, a party that has called for a big rise in police numbers and tougher sentences for criminals, has surged in popularity and is now vying for second spot in polls.\nSweden took in more asylum-seekers relative to the size of its population than any other European Union member in 2015. In a backlash, many asylum centers have been targeted by far-right attackers and several have been burned to the ground.\nIntegrating the new arrivals is also likely to be problematic. Segregation, poor schools and unemployment blight the prospects of many young people, often those with immigrant backgrounds.\nUnemployment among foreign-born Swedes is around 15 percent compared with 5 percent among those born in the country. \"Sweden, like many other countries, has many opportunities, but faces many challenges,\" Prime Minister Stefan Lofven said.\n",
        "caption": "Firefighters keep an eye on several cars that were set on fire during a riot, according to local media, in Rinkeby suburb, outside Stockholm, Sweden, Feb. 21, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/96E0C266-C24D-450D-BFBE-0E7D6D435742.jpg",
        "id": "25627_1",
        "answer": [
            "rioters"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "cars"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_21_3734033",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_21_3734033_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person wearing the bracelet in the image do?",
        "context": "At Refugee Camp, Trump Envoy Haley Vows More Aid for Syrians\nZAATARI REFUGEE CAMP, JORDAN \u2014\u00a0\nHis skull and jaw wrapped in bandages, the young Syrian refugee stared nonchalantly into a small black box at a supermarket in this sprawling, dust-swept refugee camp. The box scanned his iris to identify him, charged his account and sent him on his way.\nIf the boy noticed U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Nikki Haley watching intently from just a few feet away, he didn't show it. But Haley would later tout the iris-scanners as a fraud-cutting tool boosting efficiency for the more than $6.5 billion the U.S. has spent helping those whose lives have been upended by Syria's harrowing civil war.\nYet as Haley pledged Sunday that the U.S. would increase support, her message was diluted by Trump's own vow to put \u201cAmerica First,\u201d his planned budget cuts and hardline position on admitting refugees.\n\u201cWe're the No. 1 donor here through this crisis. That's not going to stop. We're not going to stop funding this,\u201d Haley said. \u201cThe fact that I'm here shows we want to see what else needs to be done.\u201d\nIt was a theme the outspoken ambassador returned to over and over in Jordan at the start of her first trip abroad since taking office. In her stops here and in Turkey - another Syria neighbor - Haley is witnessing first-hand the strains placed on countries absorbing the more than 5 million Syrians who have fled the Islamic State group, President Bashar Assad's government, or both.\nShe climbed into the trailer of an 18-wheeler staged at the Ramtha border crossing less than a kilometer (0.6 miles) from Syria, inspecting boxes of peas, tuna and canned meat stacked shoulder-high. The truck was to join 19 others in a convoy into opposition-held territory in Syria, carrying supplies from U.N. agencies and other groups, many U.S.-funded.\n\u201cThis is all in the name of our Syrian brothers and sisters,\u201d Haley told aid workers in a nearby tent, swatting away flies in the summer heat. \u201cWe want you to feel like the U.S. is behind you.\u201d\nU.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Nikki Haley, background center, looks on as a bandaged Syrian refugee has his iris scanned at a supermarket, May 21, 2017, in Zaatari Refugee Camp, Jordan.\nDifferent rhetoric\nThe U.S. president's message to Syrians couldn't be more different.\nTrump, who was in Saudi Arabia on his first overseas trip, once called his predecessor \u201cinsane\u201d for letting in Syrian refugees. As president, he tried to bar them from the U.S., describing them as a national security threat. A court blocked that move, but the number of Syrian refugees admitted has nonetheless dropped, from 5,422 in the four months before Trump's inauguration to 1,566 in the four months since, U.S. statistics show.\nAnd Trump has called for drastic cuts to U.S. funding for the United Nations and its affiliated agencies - such as those aiding people still in Syria and those who've fled. Trump plans to release his budget blueprint Tuesday, but his initial proposal in March called for a one-third cut to diplomatic and overseas programming while boosting the U.S. military by $54 billion.\nHaley told reporters accompanying her to Jordan that the U.S. was \u201cnot pulling back\u201d and was in fact \u201cengaging more.\u201d She cited Trump's stepped-up action to try to hasten a political solution to the war, including a strike punishing Assad's forces for using chemical weapons that the Syrian opposition and its backers have enthusiastically applauded.\nShe echoed Trump's defense of his plan to temporarily halt refugee admissions from all countries - which was also blocked in court - by saying the U.S. needed to protect Americans by first improving its refugee-vetting capabilities. And she pointed to a group of women in the camp who'd overwhelmingly told her their hope was to return to Syria, not relocate to the U.S.\nU.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Nikki Haley, center left, and World Food Program director David Beasely, center inspects a food pallet to be air-dropped deep inside Syria, in Amman, Jordan, May 21, 2017.\n\u201cSo our goal is how do we get these people back home to a safe place?\u201d Haley said.\nStill, the situation in Zaatari Refugee Camp - like in others in Jordan, Turkey, Lebanon and Iraq - tell the story of Syrians who see no quick resolution to their plight.\nIn Zaatari, half of the 80,000 refugees are children, and a dozen babies are born here per day, according to UNICEF, the U.N.'s child welfare agency. Thirty-five percent of marriages involve a child under 18, a reflection of the economic hardships families in the camp face.\nMany of the younger children wander unsupervised through the camp, where gusts of dust occasionally reduced visibility to just a few feet as Haley's motorcade rolled through the streets, passing sparse, white-corrugated buildings accorded a bit of cheer by colorful murals painted on their walls.\nAs ambassador, Haley plays a key but only partial role in the Trump administration's decision-making on Syria, refugees and humanitarian aid. But her role at the U.N. puts her at the center of the debate about how the global community takes on the crisis. After all, it's successive U.N. Security Council resolutions that created the legal framework for aid groups to send aid into Syria, with or without Assad's consent.\nAt the Marka military airport in Amman, Haley went aboard a cargo plane to get a rare look at high-risk operations to airdrop wheat, lentils and cooking oil into Assad-controlled territory in Deir el-Zour, which is completely surrounded by the Islamic State group. In a sign of Moscow's outsize influence in the Syria conflict, both the aircraft and the company that flies it on behalf of the World Food Program are Russian.\n\u201cIt's smiles, and tears,\u201d said David Beasley, WFP's executive director. \u201cIt really is.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Nikki Haley, second left, meets with Syrian refugee students, in Amman, Jordan, May 21, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/894D2B7D-927C-4557-98D1-BDED6D784BCA.jpg",
        "id": "28445_1",
        "answer": [
            "witnessing first-hand the strains placed on countries"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Haley"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_21_3864313",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_21_3864313_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the job of the person with the blue tie in the image?",
        "context": "White House Aides Defend Claim That Obama Wiretapped Trump Tower\nWhite House aides are defending President Donald Trump's unsubstantiated claim that former President Barack Obama ordered a wiretap on telephones Trump used at his Trump Tower headquarters in New York.\n\"There's no question that something happened,\" White House spokesman Sean Spicer declared Monday. \"The question is it, is it surveillance, is it a wiretap, or whatever? There has been enough reporting strongly suggesting something occurred.\"\nBut Spicer offered no evidence supporting Trump's claim Saturday in a Twitter comment \"that Obama had my 'wires tapped' in Trump Tower just before the victory.\"\n\"The president has made it clear he wants Congress to look into this,\" Spicer said of Trump's wiretap claim.\nIntelligence committees in both the Senate and House of Representatives are already investigating the U.S. intelligence community's conclusion that Russia meddled in the presidential election in an effort to help Trump win, and some lawmakers say the Trump claim can be wrapped into those probes.\nSpicer's comments came after his assistant, Sarah Huckabee Sanders, told a news talk show that the president was unwilling to accept an assertion by James Comey, the director of the country's top law enforcement agency, the Federal Bureau of Investigation FBI), that Obama did not order an illegal wiretap on Trump. \nJames Clapper, Obama's national director of intelligence, has also disputed the new president's contention.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;Terrible! Just found out that Obama had my \\\"wires tapped\\\" in Trump Tower just before the victory. Nothing found. This is McCarthyism!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/837989835818287106\\\"\\u0026gt;March 4, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nTrump adviser Kellyanne Conway told Fox News that \"credible news sources\" suggested there might have been politically motivated activity during the campaign that has yet to be divulged.\n\"He is the president of the United States,\" Conway said of Trump. \"He has information that the rest of us do not.\"\nBut Trump's wiretapping claim has been widely dismissed by opposition Democrats and some Republicans.\nFILE - Rep. Jason Chaffetz, R-Utah, left, confers with Rep. Raul Labrador, R-Idaho, as the House Judiciary Committee begins a markup session on the Protecting Access to Care Act on Capitol Hill in Washington.\nCongressman Jason Chaffetz, the Republican chairman of the House government oversight panel, told CBS News, \"Thus far I have not seen anything directly that would support what the president has said.\"\nComey, the FBI director, asked the Justice Department to dispute Trump's allegation that Obama ordered the wiretap, although it was not clear why he did not directly dispute the statement himself. Comey and his department have led the ongoing investigation of Russian influence on last year's election.\nForbidden by law \nUnder U.S. law, a president cannot order someone's phone to be wiretapped. Such a move would require approval by a federal judge and be based on reasonable grounds to suspect why a citizen's telephone calls should be monitored. \nClapper, Obama's intelligence chief, said Trump's claim was simply wrong. \n\"There was no such wiretap activity mounted against the president-elect at the time, or as a candidate or against his campaign,\" Clapper told NBC's \"Meet the Press\" on Sunday.\nWATCH: Clapper denies wiretap allegation\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nFormer Director of National Intelligence James Clapper on Wire Tap Allegations\nShare this video\n0:00:30\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:30\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nHouse Intelligence Committee Chairman Devin Nunes said in a statement Sunday his committee \"will make inquiries into whether the government was conducting surveillance activities on any political party's campaign officials or surrogates.\"\nThe top Democrat on the committee, Rep. Adam Schiff, said Trump's accusation was based on \"conspiracy-based news.\"\n\"For a president of the United States to make such an incendiary charge, and one that discredits our democracy in the eyes of the world, is as destructive as it was baseless,\" Schiff said.\nPresident Donald Trump waves as he arrives at the White House in Washington, March 5, 2017, from a trip to Florida.\nTrump requests Congressional investigation \nSpicer issued a statement Sunday saying the president is requesting the committees to \"determine whether executive branch investigative powers were abused in 2016.\" \nHouse Democratic Leader Nancy Pelosi said Trump has no proof and is trying to shift conversation from Russia to Obama.\n\"This is called the wrap-up smear,\" she told CNN. \"You make up something, then you have the press write about it and then you say everybody's writing about this charge. It's a tool of an authoritarian to just have you always be talking about what you want them to be talking about.\"\nSenator Marco Rubio told NBC that Trump \"will have to answer as to what exactly\" he was referring to in making the claim that his phones were tapped.\nThe publisher of the Newsmax Media website, Christopher Ruddy, a friend of Trump's, wrote Sunday the president told him, \"This will be investigated. It will all come out. I will be proven right.\"\nRuddy said he has never seen Trump this angry in a long time.\nRussian President Vladimir Putin listens during a meeting in Moscow, Russia, Feb. 6, 2017.\nRussian meddling \nA U.S. intelligence report concluded Russia carried out a campaign at the direction of President Vladimir Putin that used cyberattacks and other methods to influence the U.S. election campaign to help Trump defeat his Democratic challenger Hillary Clinton, a former U.S. secretary of state.\nTrump has denied any links to Russia, but several of his aides have met with Moscow's ambassador to Washington, Sergey Kislyak.\nTrump ousted his first national security adviser, Michael Flynn, after just 24 days on the job after he lied to Vice President Mike Pence and other top officials about the nature of his own conversations with Kislyak. \nLast week, Attorney General Jeff Sessions said he was removing himself from any investigation into the Russian activities after reports emerged that he met twice last year with the ambassador, although he had said at his January confirmation hearing that he did not have communications with the Russians about the Trump campaign.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Rep. Jason Chaffetz, R-Utah, left, confers with Rep. Raul Labrador, R-Idaho, as the House Judiciary Committee begins a markup session on the Protecting Access to Care Act on Capitol Hill in Washington.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D35454B8-2B12-4E15-BBCA-BF9E406CAD7D.jpg",
        "id": "7509_2",
        "answer": [
            "the Republican chairman of the House government oversight panel",
            "chairman of the House government oversight panel"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Jason Chaffetz"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_06_3751467",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_06_3751467_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who does the balding person in the image needs to be confronted?",
        "context": "Senator McCain: US \u2018Must Stand Up to Vladimir Putin\u2019\nTBILISI/KYIV \u2014\u00a0\nRepublican Senator John McCain said on Sunday the United States could only improve its relations with Russia by taking a tough stance with President Putin, calling for stronger sanctions against Moscow.\nOn a tour of the Baltic states, Ukraine and Georgia, McCain and other senators assured the former Soviet-dominated countries that the United States would support them, despite President-elect Donald Trump's praise of Putin and expressions of doubts about NATO.\n\"We will strongly urge our colleagues toward more meaningful and stronger sanctions against Russia because of their attack on the United States of America,\" McCain told reporters in Georgia's capital Tbilisi.\n\"I believe that we must continue to improve our relations and to understand that Vladimir Putin - unless we stand up to him - will continue his aggression and we must stand up to Vladimir Putin,\" McCain said.\nOn Thursday, President Barack Obama ordered the expulsion of 35 Russian diplomats and imposed sanctions on two Russian intelligence agencies over the hacking of U.S. political groups during the election.\nBut Trump signaled during his campaign that he might take a softer line with Moscow, and on Friday congratulated Putin for not retaliating to the expulsions, tweeting: \"Great move on delay (by V. Putin) - I always knew he was very smart!\"\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;Great move on delay (by V. Putin) - I always knew he was very smart!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/814919370711461890\\\"\\u0026gt;December 30, 2016\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nEarlier, in Kyiv, McCain vowed continued U.S. support to Ukraine.\n\"I send the message from the American people - we are with you, your fight is our fight and we will win together,\" McCain was quoted as saying by Ukrainian President Poroshenko's press service.\n\"In 2017 we will defeat the invaders and send them back where they came from. To Vladimir Putin - you will never defeat the Ukrainian people and deprive them of their independence and freedom,\" McCain said.\nReinforcing the line that the U.S. Congress could oppose any move by Trump to take a softer line on Russia, Republican Senator Lindsey Graham, traveling with McCain and others, said it was time \"to push back against Putin, to be a better friend to our allies here including Georgia.\"\n\"So 2017 is a year of offence and we're going to tell our colleagues what's at stake if we don't push back,\" Graham said.\n",
        "caption": "U.S. Senators John McCain (C), Lindsey Graham (L) and Amy Klobuchar attend a news conference during their visit to in Riga, Latvia, Dec. 28, 2016. \"We must stand up to Vladimir Putin,\" McCain said Sunday when the lawmakers visited Tbilisi, Georgia, as part of their tour to reassure U.S. allies and partners in the region.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/04EEB746-3611-4C9B-B925-7F3FA1594A42.jpg",
        "id": "23106_1",
        "answer": [
            "Vladimir Putin"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "McCain"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_01_3658971",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_01_3658971_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who did the people in the image arrest?",
        "context": "Security Tight as China's Xi Visits Hong Kong\nChinese President Xi Jinping began a three-day visit to Hong Kong on Thursday to mark 20 years since the city returned to Chinese rule after being a British colony.\nThe trip will culminate with Xi overseeing the inauguration ceremony for Carrie Lam, who is due to be sworn in Saturday as Hong Kong's first female leader.\nSecurity was heavy throughout the city and police arrested a group of pro-democracy protesters ahead of Xi's arrival.\nMore demonstrations are expected, including an annual march Saturday that in the past has drawn huge crowds.\nChina has ruled Hong Kong under a principle known as \"one country, two systems\" that is meant to give the city certain civil liberties and autonomy, but incidents such as the recent arrest of five booksellers have raised fears about the erosion of that arrangement.\nXi said Thursday China wants to look to the future and \"ensure the stable development of 'one country, two systems.'\"\nHong Kong watcher Felix Patrikeeff, the master of Kathleen Lunley College in Adelaide, Australia, told VOA that activists who instead want a vote on sovereignty will not achieve that goal.\n\"The Chinese government is making sure that it takes greater and greater control of the place. It\u2019s doing so in a very quiet way,\" Patrikeef said.\n",
        "caption": "Traffic police on motorcycles ride in formation during a visit by the Chinese President in Hong Kong, June 29, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/45EECA43-07A6-4D33-9123-BB909802B3FF.jpg",
        "id": "33219_1",
        "answer": [
            "a group of pro-democracy protesters"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "police"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_29_3920899",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_29_3920899_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where was the child on the right in the picture shown in the image living before he disappeared?",
        "context": "Rohingya Child Disappearances Spark Trafficking Fears \nKUTAPALONG CAMP, BANGLADESH \u2014\u00a0\nA spate of disappearances among the children of displaced Rohingya in Bangladesh is raising fears the children have been abducted into the region\u2019s human trafficking networks. \nIn the past seven months, about 70,000 Rohingya have fled a military onslaught in their home country of Myanmar, and there are concerns the newly arrived status of the latest refugees makes them particularly vulnerable to abduction and exploitation. \nMeanwhile the presence of unaccompanied minors, and the statelessness of the Rohingya refugees, could mean the problem is being significantly under-reported.\nA talented child\nWhen Rashida thinks of her 10-year-old son Muhammad, she thinks of his curiosity about the wider world.\nA photo of Rashida\u2019s son Muhammed (right), with his sister, Hosneara. (J. Owens/VOA)\n\u201cHe used to read any kinds of paper, or paper cutting, he could get,\u201d she says, eyes glistening. \u201cHe was a talented child, if a bit naughty.\u201d\nRashida tells VOA that her husband was fatally shot during an offensive carried out by the Myanmar military during a lockdown of the country\u2019s northern Rakhine state, home to the nation's Rohingya Muslim minority. \nThe lockdown followed an attack by Rohingya insurgents that killed nine policemen in October. Since then, there have been widespread accusations of mass rapes and murders as part of a broader campaign against Rohingya civilians \u2014 charges denied by the Myanmar government.\nRashida at home with a suitcase containing the clothes of her son Mohammed, 10, who vanished a month ago. (J. Owens/VOA)\nLike many others, Rashida fled and made her way to Kutapalong Camp, near the border with Myanmar in Bangladesh\u2019s Cox\u2019s Bazar district.\nShe sent her son off to study a nearby religious school while her 7-year-old daughter Hosneara remained with her in the camp. \nA month ago, she got a call saying Muhammad had gone missing, having never returned to the school after a short trip to get food. \nAll efforts to find out what happened have so far failed. All Rashida has is a suitcase of his neatly folded clothes and a picture of him and his sister.\n\u201cMy daughter is always crying, she says that she\u2019ll never see her brother in the future,\u201d Rashida tells VOA.\nSpeaking out\nThe disappearance of Mohammed is far from unique.\nAttention is being called to the problem by Action Against Hunger, an NGO that has been helping Rohingya in Cox\u2019s Bazar since well before the arrival of the latest refugees.\nThousands of Rohingya flocked to Kutapalong Camp after crossing from Myanmar into Bangladesh. (J. Owens/VOA)\nAs many as 300,000 to 500,000 Rohingya are thought to now be living in Bangladesh. NGOs operating in the region and focused on Rohingya issues are often reticent to discuss their plight publicly because of political sensitivities. However, the child disappearances have prompted country director Nipin Gangadharan to speak out.\nGangadharan, whose NGO has created a series of \"safe spaces\" for youngsters, says his group has recorded the disappearance of 16 children since January. \nHe said most of those children came with the newly arrived Rohingya families, who face a \u201cnew context\u201d and are cut loose from the community structures they had established in Myanmar. \n\u201dThey don\u2019t have any support \u2026 so they have some kind of set-up where they're leaving the children assuming it's safe and they're going to try to earn some living,\" he says. \"Those kind of separations heighten the risk.\"\nRohingya children at Kutapalong Camp in Bangladesh. (J. Owens/VOA)\nOne humanitarian worker who did not want to be identified told VOA that that aid groups are aware of roughly 150 Rohingya children who had made the crossing into Bangladesh unaccompanied.\nTrafficking fears\nLittle is known beyond the fact of the disappearances themselves \u2014 which have taken place both inside and outside the camps.\nHowever, Gangadharan said human traffickers are known to have a strong network across the Cox\u2019s Bazar region and to target both Bangladeshis and Rohingyas. \nA report in 2014 on child abductions in Bangladesh revealed that of 49 children who had been recovered, the highest number \u2014 15 \u2014 came from Cox\u2019s Bazar. Last year, local media reported that trafficking syndicates in Cox\u2019s Bazar involved around 2,000 people.\nChildren at a care center set up near to the Rohingya camps and run by an NGO called Action Against Hunger. (J.Owens/VOA)\nThe traffickers are known to force children to work, beg or smuggle drugs, and have even harvested their organs. Gangadharan said the recently disappeared children \"could be used as part of this network.\u201d\nA U.S. State Department report on trafficking released last year noted the vulnerability of the Rohingya in particular, and added that while the Bangladesh government does \u201cnot yet fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking,\u201d it is \u201cmaking significant efforts to do so.\u201d\nQuestioned on human trafficking, Abuzar al-Jahid, captain of a Bangladeshi government-backed border guard team operating around the Myanmar border, said his team \u201cwould not allow those kind of activities,\u201d adding it took a \u201czero tolerance approach.\u201d\nGangadharan agreed that Bangladeshi authorities have been \u201cpositive and understanding\u201d in response to the disappearances.\nHowever, he emphasized that because of their lack of citizenship or relationship with the Bangladesh state, there is a chance such disappearances are going under-reported.\nWord spreads\nWord of the disappearances has spread.\nRohingya men hang out in Kutapalong Camp, where rumors of child abductions have spread among the residents. (J. Owens/VOA)\nMohammed Idris \u2014 a teacher at a recently built religious school within Kutapalong who is also a father of seven \u2014 is fearful and has heard rumors of ransom demands.\n\u201cWe\u2019re very sad about losing these children,\u201d he says.\u201cWe\u2019re even hearing that they are taking the kidneys from some of the children.\u201d \nFor Rashida, these fears have already been realized. \nNow, all she can do is try to protect her daughter, continue to search, and look to her faith for consolation.\n\u201cI expect that I'll get him back if Allah wishes,\u201d she says. \n",
        "caption": "A photo of Rashida\u2019s son Muhammed (right), with his sister, Hosneara. (J. Owens/VOA)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/0ADED20D-F317-4CC7-B695-60AAD653EBB3.jpg",
        "id": "21879_2",
        "answer": [
            "a nearby religious school "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Muhammad"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_17_3813440",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_17_3813440_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where else do events like the one in the image occur?",
        "context": "Car Bomb Kills 5, Injures 11 in Mogadishu\nA car bomb killed at least five people and wounded 11 others Tuesday outside a security checkpoint near the presidential palace in Mogadishu, Somalia.\nA regional government spokesman said the bomb blew up in front of the Somali National Theater. He said three of those killed were soldiers.\nAl-Shabab Islamic militants claimed responsibility. The al-Qaida-linked group has been behind numerous terrorist attacks in Mogadishu, including bombings and shootings in hotels and restaurants where government officials gather.\nAl-Shabab terrorism is one of the biggest challenges that new Somali President Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed is facing.\nThe militants have declared him an \"apostate\" and are warning Somalis not to support him.\nAl-Shabab remains a danger in Somalia despite being beaten back by Somali and African Union forces.\n",
        "caption": "Soldiers stand near the wreckage of a car bomb attack that targeted a checkpoint in Mogadishu, Somalia, March 21, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/A830B2AA-EC29-4267-B70A-81F5F914C76B.jpg",
        "id": "29790_1",
        "answer": [
            "hotels and restaurants where government officials gather"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "attacks"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_21_3776106",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_21_3776106_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What conditions does the person on the bed in the image have?",
        "context": "Hospital: Chinese Nobel Laureate's Health Condition Worsens\nThe health of China's lone Nobel laureate, the dissident Liu Xiaobo, has dramatically deteriorated, according to the hospital treating him for liver cancer in Shenyang, China.\nDoctors at China Medical University No. 1 Hospital released a statement Thursday, saying that they suspect Liu has a blood clot in one of his calf muscles and that his liver functioning \"has deteriorated.\"\nLiu, 61, was sentenced to 11 years in prison in 2009 for co-writing and distributing Charter 08, a petition that called for liberal reforms in mainland China. Accused of \"inciting subversion of state power,\" the scholar of Chinese literature and philosophy was placed in a remote prison in northeast China, while his wife, the poet Liu Xia, was put under house arrest in Beijing, despite never being charged with a crime.\nEarlier Thursday, Chinese authorities invited doctors from Germany and the United States to visit Shenyang and help treat Liu. Some, including the rights group Amnesty International, view the concession as an attempt by the Chinese Communist Party to sideline the issue ahead of the weekend's G-20 summit in Hamburg, Germany, where President Xi Jinping hopes to project global leadership on issues like climate change and free trade.\nChinese writer Mo Zhixu and Chinese scholar Wen Kejian visit Shenyang to try to see Liu Xiaobo in this undated photo.\nAlthough China released Liu from prison to seek medical care in June, authorities have denied him permission to search for better treatment elsewhere, insisting that he is being tended to by the nation's pre-eminent liver cancer specialists. That decision has drawn growing condemnation.\nLast week, a letter signed by more than 50 fellow writers, including Martin Amis, Margaret Atwood, and Philip Roth, asked President Xi to \"ensure [Liu's] unrestricted freedom as he undergoes medical treatment,\" and to \"show him compassion.\" On Thursday, the European Parliament passed a resolution urging China to \"immediately release the 2010 Nobel Peace Prize winner ... and allow him to seek medical treatment wherever he wishes.\"\nChina's foreign ministry spokesman Geng Shuang told AFP that outsiders should \"refrain from interfering in China's judicial sovereignty under the pretext of the individual cases.\"\nHu Jia, a friend of Liu, told AFP that Chinese authorities want to keep the dissident muzzled in the country, unable to criticize the party.\n\"They want to delay things until he can no longer express himself,\" Hu said. \"Their greatest fear is that he'll speak.\"\nLiu has grown into a ubiquitous symbol for the resistance to Communist Party rule. As Hong Kong celebrated the 20-year anniversary of its handoff from Britain to China, student protesters draped a banner that read \"We do not want Xi Jinping. We want Liu Xiaobo\" over a monument and continued to shout his name as they were hauled off into police vans. Thousands of Hong Kong citizens marched for liberal reforms, some of them carrying placards emblazoned with Liu's face.\nFILE - Pro-democracy activists chant slogans on the Golden Bauhinia Square, a gift from China at the 1997 handover, during a protest a day before Chinese President Xi Jinping is due to arrive for the celebrations, in Hong Kong, China, June 28, 2017.\nThe professor first drew the Communist Party's ire in 1989. He was teaching in America at Barnard College when student protests began in Tiananmen Square. He rushed back to China and stayed in the park for several days, later helping negotiate the safe exit of demonstrators when the military invoked martial law. He was sentenced to two years in prison.\nHe emerged, continuing to write politically charged essays like \"Changing the Regime by Changing Society,\" a 2006 piece that was cited during his 2009 trial as evidence of Liu's counter-revolutionary ideals.\n\"China has entered an Age of Cynicism in which people no longer believe in anything,\" he wrote. \"Unrelenting inculcation of Chinese Communist Party ideology has ... produced generations of people whose memories are blank.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Video clips show China's jailed Nobel Peace laureate Liu Xiaobo lying on a bed receiving medical treatment at a hospital, left, and Liu saying wardens take good care of him, on a computer screens in Beijing, June 29, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/FFE916E4-073E-4228-B92B-4BB4FE463C02.jpg",
        "id": "6359_1",
        "answer": [
            "Liver cancer ",
            " a blood clot in one of his calf muscles and that his liver functioning \"has deteriorated.\""
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Liu Xiaobo ",
            "Liu"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_06_3931305",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_06_3931305_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the crew of the person with the yellow tie from the image doing?",
        "context": "Russia Unfazed by US Election Hacking Hearings\nMOSCOW \u2014\u00a0\nIf much of the United States was transfixed by the Congressional testimony of two of America\u2019s top intelligence officials on allegations of Russian meddling in the U.S. elections, the Kremlin claimed it had better things to do.\n\u201cWe have many concerns in the Kremlin and following that [debate] isn\u2019t one of them,\u201d said Presidential spokesman Dmitry Peskov.\n\u201cNew information we\u2019re not hearing and doubtfully will hear,\u201d said Peskov, who went on to compare the hearings to a \u201cbroken record\u201d being played ad nauseam. \"It\u2019s an internal American issue ... our relationship to all this hysteria is well known.\u201d\nDuring testimony before the House Intelligence Committee Monday, FBI Director James Comey confirmed his agency is investigating Russian attempts to interfere in the U.S. election, including whether President Donald Trump's campaign aides criminally colluded with Russian interests to help Trump win.\nFBI Director James Comey, left, and National Security Agency Director Michael Rogers, right, testify on Capitol Hill in Washington before the House Intelligence Committee hearing on allegations of Russian interference in the 2016 U.S. presidential election, March 20, 2017.\nNyet, Nyet, and Nyet Again\nThe Kremlin has been nothing if not consistent in its response to the allegations emanating from Washington. In a word: deny.\nThere was Vladimir Putin last September insisting that \u201cRussia on a state level has never practiced\u201d cyber intrusions. Putin also insisted the contents of hacked emails were a public service.\nThere was spokesman Peskov, last October, calling allegations of Russian hacking of Democratic National Committee (DNC) computer infrastructure simply \u201cnonsense.\u201d\nAnd there was Putin, in his annual news conference last December, dismissing allegations Russian hacking tipped the election in Trump\u2019s favor or colluded with Trump campaign officials along the way.\nDemocrats who accuse Russia of such allegations, said Putin, \u201care looking for someone outside to blame.\u201d The Russian leader went on to note that Democratic candidates lost big in election contests in the Congress and Senate as well.\n\u201cIs that also our work, my work?\u201d asked Putin.\nFILE - A photo illustration shows a man in front of a Yahoo logo seen through a magnifying glass in front of a displayed cyber code.\nYahoo \nJust last week, the Kremlin was at it again, denying U.S. charges that Russian intelligence agents were involved in the hacking of millions of Yahoo users email accounts.\nSpokesman Peskov said Russia had only learned of the indictments of its agents and two other men through the media, and hoped U.S. officials would soon shed light on the charges.\nPeskov added that Russia had never been involved in any illegal state-sponsored hacking. \"We have said repeatedly that there can be no discussion of any official involvement of any Russian office, including the FSB (Federal Security Service), being involved in any unlawful cyber activities,\" said Peskov.\nBetter days gone\nTrump\u2019s victory in the November election was heralded by many here as an opportunity, after years of deeply antagonistic relations with the Obama administration, a chance for a Trump White House to cooperate with the Kremlin on a host of issues \u2013 including Syria and the fight against terror. Even sanctions relief over Russia\u2019s actions in Ukraine was considered within the realm of possible.\nYet the continued and open-ended investigation into Russian interference in U.S, elections has Russian officials acknowledging the tough road ahead.\n\"It's doubtful to consider [the hearings] a constructive in the development of joint relations,\" noted Peskov, speaking Tuesday in Moscow.\nPresident Donald Trump awaits the arrival of Iraqi Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi at the White House in Washington, March 20, 2017.\nTime and again, Russian officials have portrayed the Congressional investigations as attempts by Trump's enemies in Washington to derail the president\u2019s calls for improved U.S.-Russian relations at any cost.\nPresident Trump appeared to acknowledge the potential constraints the election scandal presented to d\u00e9tente with Moscow during his first official news conference last month.\n\"Probably Putin assumes that he\u2019s not going to be able to make a deal with me because it\u2019s politically not popular for me to make a deal,\" said Trump.\nKremlin officials appear to agree. They openly quote from President Trump\u2019s own tweets on the matter, calling the continued focus on Russia \u201cparanoia\u201d, and a \u201cwitch hunt\u201d reminiscent of the red-baiting McCarthy era during the Cold War.\n",
        "caption": "FBI Director James Comey, left, and National Security Agency Director Michael Rogers, right, testify on Capitol Hill in Washington before the House Intelligence Committee hearing on allegations of Russian interference in the 2016 U.S. presidential election, March 20, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B1499D43-4213-4901-9265-9B4628A145CD.jpg",
        "id": "11383_2",
        "answer": [
            "investigating Russian attempts to interfere in the U.S. election",
            "investigating Russian attempts to interfere in the U.S. election, including whether President Donald Trump's campaign aides criminally colluded with Russian interests to help Trump win",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "FBI Director James Comey",
            "James Comey"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_21_3775575",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_21_3775575_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the nation who owns the weapon in the image go against?",
        "context": "Over 120 Nations Adopt First Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapons\nUNITED NATIONS \u2014\u00a0\nA U.N. conference adopted an international treaty banning nuclear weapons Friday, but the world's nine nuclear powers boycotted the proceedings, leaving its impact in doubt.\nThe treaty \u2014 adopted by 122 countries, with the Netherlands voting against it and Singapore abstaining \u2014 was greeted with sustained applause and a standing ovation by delegates.\nThe treaty prohibits states that sign and ratify it from developing, testing, producing, manufacturing or otherwise acquiring, possessing or stockpiling nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices.\nIt also forbids parties from using or threatening to use nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices.\nThe treaty will enter into force once 50 states have signed and ratified it.\n\"This is something historic for humanity,\" said Ambassador Elayne Whyte G\u00f3mez of Costa Rica, president of the U.N. Conference that negotiated the treaty.\n\"We are just a few moments away from saying to the survivors, to those impacted by nuclear weapons, that after so many decades we have managed to sow the first seeds of a world free from nuclear weapons,\" she said just ahead of the adoption. \"We are just a few moments away from saying to our children, 'Yes, it is possible to inherit a world free from nuclear weapons.' \"\nFILE - The intercontinental ballistic missile Hwasong-14 is seen during its test launch in this undated photo released by North Korea's Korean Central News Agency (KCNA) in Pyongyang, July, 4 2017.\nNorth Korean test\nThe adoption of the treaty came in the same week that nuclear tensions escalated on the Korean Peninsula, highlighting the urgency of the issue.\nOn Tuesday, North Korea test-fired an intercontinental ballistic missile for the first time, in violation of U.N. resolutions prohibiting it from developing nuclear and ballistic missile technology. The move brought widespread international condemnation, and states are considering whether to further sanction Pyongyang for its behavior.\nThe treaty on the prohibition of nuclear weapons complements earlier conventions banning biological and chemical weapons, land mines and cluster munitions. Despite being illegal, however, land mines still are frequently used in conflicts, chemical weapons have been used in Syria, and cluster munitions reportedly have been used in Libya, Sudan, Syria, Ukraine and Yemen.\nThe nine nations that have nuclear weapons boycotted the treaty negotiations, which began in February. They are Britain, China, France, Russia, the United States, India, Pakistan, North Korea and Israel.\nThe U.N. ambassadors of Britain, France and the United States issued a joint statement after the vote, saying their governments did not intend \"to sign, ratify or ever become party\" to the treaty. \"Therefore, there will be no change in the legal obligations on our countries with respect to nuclear weapons.\"\nThe three nuclear powers also noted that other states possessing nuclear weapons and other states relying on nuclear deterrence did not participate in the treaty negotiations.\n\"This treaty offers no solution to the grave threat posed by North Korea's nuclear program, nor does it address other security challenges that make nuclear deterrence necessary,\" the ambassadors added. \"A ban treaty also risks undermining the existing international security architecture which contributes to the maintenance of international peace and security.\"\nInternational Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons Executive Director Beatrice Fihn attends a news conference on nuclear disarmament at the U.N. office in Geneva, May 12, 2016.\nRoad to elimination\n\"Today the international community rejected nuclear weapons and made it clear they are unacceptable,\" said Beatrice Fihn, the executive director of the International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons [ICAN], a Geneva-based coalition of more than 450 nongovernmental groups.\nFihn said the treaty was in large part aimed at erasing the image of prestige and power that nuclear weapons convey. She said nuclear-armed countries would see it in their interest to sign on to the treaty when the stigma grew for possessing weapons that indiscriminately kill massive numbers of civilians.\n\"At some point they are just going to be shameful, really expensive, messy weapons that have no actual military utility,\" Fihn said. \"We see this as really a solid treaty that will set us on a good path toward the elimination of nuclear weapons.\"\nThe treaty also provides a path for nuclear states that become signatories to eliminate their nuclear weapons, stockpiles and programs.\nIt also requires that states assist victims of nuclear weapons use and testing, and it demands environmental remediation of contaminated areas.\nThe treaty will be open for signatories at a U.N. ceremony on September 20, during the week that leaders gather at the world body for their annual meetings.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - The intercontinental ballistic missile Hwasong-14 is seen during its test launch in this undated photo released by North Korea's Korean Central News Agency (KCNA) in Pyongyang, July, 4 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/234BD0D8-814B-460E-AE6B-6C3E23A599C9.jpg",
        "id": "24611_2",
        "answer": [
            "U.N. resolutions"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "North Korea"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_07_3932720",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_07_3932720_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What principle did the person in the middle of the image uphold?",
        "context": "VP: Gambia Thankful, Optimistic but Challenges Lie Ahead\u00a0\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nSince the departure of Gambia\u2019s long-time ruler Yahya Jammeh, newly elected president Adama Barrow\u2019s government has been taking steps to restore the economy, rule of law and political reforms after two decades of one-party rule.\nGambia\u2019s vice president recently visited the United States to \u201cthank its partners for the help they provided during her nation\u2019s political impasse,\u201d she said. In an exclusive interview with VOA, Fatoumata Jallow Tambajang also spoke about the challenges her country is facing, such as a lack of water and electricity, and possible currency depreciation.\n\u201cIt is relatively normal to have African countries lacking certain infrastructure development \u2026 but it\u2019s hard to understand that a small country of the size of 1.8 million people at this stage of development lack electricity and water. In the rural areas women are still using the well system; water and sanitation are poor, the health sector has been really been fragmented.\u201d\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nFatoumata Jallow Tambajang on Political Situation\nShare this video\n0:06:09\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:06:09\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 17.6MB\n360p | 22.8MB\n720p | 145.1MB\n1080p | 104.6MB\nAid cuts\nOn proposed cuts in international aid from the U.S., Jallow Tambajang said \u201cAmerica\u2019s the Big Brother. If America has a cold and sneezes, everybody gets a cold, so it is important that they realize that many in the rest of the world are looking up to them in terms of democratic culture \u2026 financial, economic and policy support.\u201d\nHer position joins many in asking the new administration to reconsider \u201cparticularly ... USAID, which is usually present in many developing countries, has been playing a critical role in supporting the development agenda of countries and cutting budgets would obviously affect those institutions.\u201d\nJammeh & ICC\nShe says former President Jammeh\u2019s 22-year rule was challenging. \n\u201cThere were no freedom of expression, freedom of association, institutions were dormant because of his dictatorial handling of the state. There were lots of political persecutions,\u201d she said.\nJammeh, who lost the election in December to Barrow, first congratulated his opponent and later refused to accept the result.\nHe only stepped down after pressure from regional leaders, who sent troops to Gambia to force him to leave, and the international community\u2019s outcry.\nFILE - Gambia's defeated leader Yahya Jammeh waves to supporters as he departs from Banjul airport, Jan. 21, 2017.\nWhile Jammeh had said his country would get out of the International Criminal Court, the new administration has indicated its commitment to staying with the body, not because of one individual, but because of what it does and what it stands for,\u201d Jallow Tambajang said.\nCritics have said the former leader was given a clean slate just to get him to leave and it will be hard to prosecute him for the alleged crimes committed.\nJallow Tambajang says a person is never guilty until proven guilty in the eyes of the court \u2026 \u201cprosecuting Jammeh should be confined to the legal system. This new democratic government doesn\u2019t want to interfere with the other arms of government and wants a clear distinction between the executive, legislative and judiciary.\u201d\nECOWAS / African Union\nShe says it was the work of members of the Economic Bloc of West African States (ECOWAS) under the leadership of Liberian President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf and the African Union that played a critical role by using the traditional African dialogue but also the U.S., Britain and other bilateral donors.\nJallow Tambajang says it\u2019s important to indicate that during the crisis, Barrow was inaugurated at the Gambian embassy in neighboring Senegal. \n\u201cWe owe his Excellency Macky Sall and the people of Senegal a big thank you because they\u2019ve shown the brother and sisterhood that exist between the two countries is real. They share the same culture and traditions. It also demonstrated that Africans can handle their own problems.\u201d\nOn reports that the former president left the country with lots of cash, Jallow Tambajang says \u201cthe experience we\u2019ve had is that he has acquired a lot of assets but we won\u2019t make a statement on the magnitude of the misappropriations simply because we want to make it an evidence-based matter.\u201d\nThis new administration, which won through a coalition of eight political parties \u201cis not here to perpetuate itself and has a 3-year agenda to create a new foundation for democracy where people will have opportunities to work, where the private sector can be provided with an environment to grow and be the engine for development,\u201d she pointed out.\nWomen & transition\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nFatoumata Jallow Tambajang on Women's Role\nShare this video\n0:03:45\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:03:45\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 10.7MB\n360p | 14.7MB\n720p | 92.2MB\n1080p | 66.7MB\nGambia\u2019s vice president credits women for playing a critical role in the peaceful transition of power after December\u2019s elections. In general, after being involved in women\u2019s issues for more than 30 years, \u201cwomen are progressing and their status is improving. Of course that\u2019s not a call for complacency,\u201d she said, but \u201cwhen you look at it from the economic status, women have predominantly occupied the informal sector but are increasingly being visible in the formal sector. For many years they\u2019ve taken the back seat but they are now creating their own space and are no longer accepting to be silent.\u201d\nDespite some successes in sub-Saharan Africa, Jallow Tambajang, who is also the country\u2019s Minister of Women\u2019s Affairs, says gender equality and women\u2019s empowerment was universally adopted within the framework of the United Nations. Hence, governments have to be held accountable because it\u2019s their responsibility to ensure there is progress on an annual basis.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Gambia new vice president, Fatoumata Jallow Tambajang (center), is seen during President Adama Barrow's swearing-in ceremony and the Gambia's Independence day ceremony at Independence Stadium, in Bakau, Gambia, Feb. 18, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/4D970472-85F9-4C23-B170-305F17BFA03C.jpg",
        "id": "33736_1",
        "answer": [
            "a person is never guilty until proven guilty in the eyes of the court"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Jallow Tambajang"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_08_3801903",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_08_3801903_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who is missing from the place in the image?",
        "context": "Trump's Ban Halted, Previously Affected Travelers Resume Their Lives\nNEW YORK \u2014\u00a0\n\u201cWelcome, welcome welcome!\u201d reads the digital arrivals display above Terminal 4 at New York's John F. Kennedy airport.\nIn more than a dozen languages, the word is translated on a bright blue wall for all to see and read as soon as they exit customs and enter the United States for the first time.\nWhile the signage itself remains unchanged from less than two weeks ago, when President Donald Trump's ban on foreign nationals from seven Muslim-majority countries led to mass protests and confusion nationwide, JFK's international terminal has an entirely different demeanor Monday morning.\nAfter Trump's executive order was put to a halt by a federal judge on Friday, the week's first arriving international passengers slowly make their way through a quiet hallway. Among them are some (whose visas had not been revoked) from the seven affected nations \u2014 Iran, Iraq, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Syria and Yemen.\nProtesters are gone\nThis time, there are no protests staged outside the terminal, no visible grouping of pro bono lawyers scuttling to assist in T4's \u201cCentral Diner.\u201d\nThe pale sky is visible through the terminal's dual-story glass panels, and birds can be heard chirping between intercom announcements.\nAfter a routine hour-and-a-half process through U.S. Customs and Border Protection, vetted families traveling from Dubai continue their journey toward the city.\nIn a span of two minutes, a reunited family from India and a young couple from Jordan \u2014 unaffected by the ban but instead by sheer distance \u2014 embrace and burst into tears at the hallway's end.\nSayeda, from Pakistan, is relieved to finally make it back to her second home \u2014 not because she thought the initial ban might somehow be reinstated and expand beyond the initial list, but because the name listed on her ticket does not fully match that of her green card.\nStill, she says she understands Trump's intentions.\n\u201cWhatever he is doing, he's doing for his country, for the people who voted for him,\u201d she said.\nWhile President Trump\u2019s ban was in full effect last week, lawyers and volunteers flooded Central Diner to assist affected travelers. Monday morning was a different scene entirely.\n\u2018Not about my religion'\nSafwan Edris, a Syrian based in Dubai, has never been to New York. But his wife, Hajar, a stewardess from Morocco has, and it is her turn to play tour guide.\n\u201cWe booked the flight two weeks ago on the 17th [of January],\u201d recalls Edris. \"We saw the news. I couldn't come here, so we cancelled it. We kept waiting.\u201d\nBut both Edris and Hajar, traveling with their baby daughter in a stroller, hardly consider themselves victims.\n\u201cThe ban affects the refugees in Jordan,\u201d Edris says. \u201cThey apply, wait two, three, four months, just waiting \u2014 interview after interview after interview. They give them a date, then you can't go.\u201d\n\u201cThey sold their houses, their cars,\u201d adds Hajar. \u201cThese are the people being affected.\u201d\nEdris, whose father remains in Aleppo, admits he will probably never return to Syria, calling the crisis there \u201can act of God.\u201d But New Yorkers, he believes, will be welcoming during their stay.\n\u201cI know the culture; I know the people,\u201d Edris says. \u201cIt's not about my religion. It's politics.\u201d\nLiberty and justice\nLindley Hanlon, a City University of New York film professor impersonating the Statue of Liberty, appears shortly before noon, and is immediately questioned by police.\nAn officer tells Hanlon she can only welcome visitors, not \u201cprotest\u201d in the arrivals hall. He concludes that a sign she unveils, with the words \u201cliberty and justice for all,\u201d falls into the latter category.\n\u201cThis is the pledge of allegiance to the flag,\u201d Hanlon responds, not impressing the officer. But she complies, hiding her sign.\n\u201cI\u2019m trying to welcome people to our shores, as I've always done for 131 years,\u201d she says, referring to Lady Liberty's arrival in New York harbor in June of 1885.\n\u201cPerhaps even behind closed doors [foreigners] are being interrogated more fiercely,\u201d she remarks. \"My feeling is, this was not a way to welcome people to America.\"\nLike thousands of New Yorkers over the past two weeks, Hanlon made the long commute to JFK to show continued support for the world's most vulnerable refugees.\n\u201cYou plan on being here all day?\u201d I ask her.\n\u201cNo, I'm going to beat the rush hour,\u201d Hanlon says.\n",
        "caption": "While President Trump\u2019s ban was in full effect last week, lawyers and volunteers flooded Central Diner to assist affected travelers. Monday morning was a different scene entirely.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/8D055E1C-1566-4F01-85D3-0805959C9596.jpg",
        "id": "31690_2",
        "answer": [
            "pro bono lawyers"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Central Diner"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_06_3708644",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_06_3708644_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What should the people in the image have?",
        "context": "US Soldiers Train for Jungle Warfare at Hawaii Rainforest\nHONOLULU \u2014\u00a0\nThe U.S. Army soldiers finished wading across a stream in a rainforest in Hawaii, and they were soaked. Their boots and socks were water-logged and their clothes, hair and ears were caked with mud.\nThe soldiers were going through training at the first jungle school the Army has established in decades. The course is part of a program to train soldiers for exercises and potential combat on terrain that looks more like islands and nations in the Pacific than arid Afghanistan and the deserts of the Middle East.\nBrig. Gen. Stephen Michael, deputy commander of the 25th Infantry Division, said the Army set up the school as its footprint was shrinking in Iraq and Afghanistan after more than a decade of war in those countries.\n\"The jungle school gives us that focus, it reinforces that we're in the Pacific,\" Michael said. \"If you're in the 25th, you understand you got to fight in the tough environment of the Pacific.\"\nSoldiers from the U.S. Army's 25th Infantry Division 1st Stryker Brigade Combat Team participate in jungle warfare training at Schofield Barracks, Hawaii, March 1, 2017.\nEver since the turn of the 20th century, the Army has fought in tropical rainforests. It spent years, for example, battling Filipino insurgents after the 1898 Spanish-American War. The Vietnam War was fought in the jungle.\nThe Army gave up its jungle training school in Panama in 1999 when the U.S. returned land there to the Panamanian government. Then jungle training lost priority in the aftermath of the Sept. 11 attacks as the Army focused on preparing soldiers to fight in Afghanistan and Iraq.\nNow, surviving and fighting in tropical rainforests has captured the Army's interest again. In 2013, it set up a jungle school at Schofield Barracks, a sprawling Army post some 30 miles west of the soft sands of Waikiki. Its dense woods have a stream soldiers can practice crossing and cliffs for rappelling.\nFirst it needed instructors. The Army sent soldiers to military jungle schools in Brazil, Brunei and other tropical spots to reacquire long-lost skills. Instructors-in-training poured over old Army jungle manuals.\n\"We had to relearn everything,\" said Staff Sgt. Ascencion Lopez, who was one of the first instructors at the school, which is part of the 25th Infantry Division's Lightning Academy.\nSoldiers from the U.S. Army's 25th Infantry Division 1st Stryker Brigade Combat Team participate in jungle warfare training at Schofield Barracks, Hawaii, March 1, 2017.\nThe soldiers quickly discovered their existing uniforms stood out among the trees and the fabric took too long to dry. The Army is currently developing a new uniform and boots specifically for the jungle. Instructors in Hawaii are testing out some early models.\nThe soldiers have also had to adjust how they carry their ammunition, canteens and other gear. In the desert, soldiers frequently strap gear on their chests so it's accessible while riding vehicles. But instructors recommend soldiers carry gear on their sides in the jungle so it won't get caught on roots and vines while they're maneuvering on the forest ground.\nOne day recently, Lopez watched soldiers from the 1st Stryker Brigade Combat Team in Fort Wainwright, Alaska, practice using a rope and pulley to cross a stream. The soldiers were attending the course to get ready for upcoming exercises in Malaysia, Thailand and other countries in the region.\nLopez tells soldiers to keep a dry change of clothes to wear at night and to pay special attention to drying out their feet. That's because feet won't heal if they're continually wet. A small cut will become infected and the skin will die.\n\"The minute your feet go, you're done. You're not going to be able to function in the jungle,\" Lopez said.\nSoldiers must also develop the mental stamina to persevere in a place where they're constantly wet, thick vegetation can hide the enemy and deadly animals may be lurking. (Though soldiers are spared threatening animals in Hawaii as the state has no snakes and the only native land mammal is a small, rare bat.)\n\"Soldiers that aren't as mentally tough \u2014 they're either going to find their toughness or they won't. But the jungle doesn't care either way,\" said Staff Sgt. Michael Johnson, another instructor.\nThe jungle school is an outgrowth of former President Barack Obama's \"pivot\" to Asia and the Pacific. It's still unclear whether President Donald Trump will maintain a similar emphasis on the region.\nBrian Price, a professor in diplomacy and military studies at Hawaii Pacific University, said the Army is training in the jungle so it will be ready before a crisis demands it.\n\"The Army has to train to fight everywhere \u2014 jungles, deserts, mountains and fair climates as well. This is kind of the missing piece of all that,\" he said.\n",
        "caption": "Soldiers from the U.S. Army's 25th Infantry Division 1st Stryker Brigade Combat Team participate in jungle warfare training at Schofield Barracks, Hawaii, March 1, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/E625A104-8752-4A13-B769-C97F9DE283F4.jpg",
        "id": "8853_2",
        "answer": [
            "Mental stamina to persevere in a place where they're constantly wet, thick vegetation can hide the enemy and deadly animals may be lurking\n\nAmmunition, canteens and other gear",
            "a dry change of clothes"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Soldiers from the U.S. Army's 25th Infantry Division",
            "soldiers"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_16_3768986",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_16_3768986_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who leads the nation of the people in the image?",
        "context": "2 Turkish Military Officers Given Life Terms for Coup Attempt\nA Turkish court on Thursday sentenced two military officers to life in prison for their alleged roles in last year's failed coup attempt.\nThe verdict handed down in Erzurum, in eastern Turkey, was the first ruling related to the plot to overthrow President Recep Tayyip Erdogan last July. Many more trials are expected in the coming months, in what is seen as the biggest legal process in Turkish history.\nTurkey's state-run Anadolu news agency reported the two defendants, Staff Colonel Murat Kocak and Staff Major Murat Yilmaz, were convicted of violating the constitution while acting on orders from Turkish exile Fethullah G\u00fclen, a Muslim imam who has been living in the United States for nearly two decades.\nThe two former officers denied any involvement and asked to be acquitted.\nSeparately, Turkish authorities broadened their hunt for alleged coup collaborators Thursday, reportedly detaining nearly 400 businessmen in connection with investigations of financial backing for the coup, reputedly in cooperation with the G\u00fclen network. Among those detained were top executives of the Dogan Group, a major business conglomerate that has substantial news media holdings.\nSince July, Turkey's government has arrested 40,000 people and ousted more than 100,000 civil servants, teachers, judges and others believed to be linked to G\u00fclen or involved in the plot to overthrow Erdogan. The government also has suspended all activities by hundreds of civic groups.\nAt least 81 journalists are imprisoned in Turkey, according to the New York-based Committee to Protect Journalists, and dozens of media outlets have been closed since the failed coup attempt.\nCritics, including Western governments and human rights organizations, have voiced concern that the purge has gone beyond the scope of those suspected of direct involvement in efforts to oust Erdogan, and is also targeting many organizations that oppose Erdogan's policies.\nG\u00fclen, who came to the United States in 1999 and has since sought asylum, once was closely allied with Erdogan, but they split nearly 10 years ago. From his exile headquarters in the state of Pennsylvania, the 75-year-old imam has denied any involvement in the coup attempt.\nThe Erdogan government has accused G\u00fclen of multiple crimes, allegedly committed on his orders from afar, and has demanded his extradition. U.S. authorities have said they will consider Turkey's request when full evidence against G\u00fclen is presented and evaluated.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Police officers try to stop people attacking a judge believed to be member of a coup plotter group in Erzurum, Turkey, July 19, 2016. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/61B57816-37A7-48DE-BEEA-99B23B21F6B5.jpg",
        "id": "2410_1",
        "answer": [
            "President Recep Tayyip Erdogan",
            "Recep Tayyip Erdogan"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Turkey"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_05_3664722",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_05_3664722_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What people are standing in the way of the person on the left of the image?",
        "context": "Libyan Islamist Militia Clings to Oil Port Region, Amid Heavy Airstrikes\nCAIRO \u2014\u00a0\nForces loyal to Libya\u2019s top eastern military commander, General Khalifa Haftar, say they have pounded Islamist militia fighters who captured the key oil ports in the country. Haftar\u2019s forces had controlled the Libya\u2019s \u201coil triangle\u201d district since September of last year.\nLibyan media reports that air force fighter jets loyal to General Haftar attacked Islamist militia forces holding part of the oil port of Sidra and an airfield in the nearby oil port of Ras Lanouf. Haftar\u2019s spokesman, Colonel Ahmed al-Mismary described the fighting to journalists.\nHe said that airstrikes are continuing and that his forces have begun a counterattack against the Islamist militia holding the area and recaptured part of the Ras Lanouf airfield, while reinforcing the area around Ras Lanouf with fighters from the east of the country. He said the goal was to crush the militia, so that it won\u2019t return to the area.\nMilitia forces, calling themselves the \u201cBenghazi Defense Brigades,\u201d began the surprise attack on Sidra and Ras Lanouf on Thursday. A militia spokesman, Yasser Jebali, claimed his men were holding their ground.\nFILE - General Khalifa Haftar speaks during a news conference in Al Marj, east of Benghazi, Libya, June 4, 2014. Hafter's forces say they have pounded Islamist militia fighters who captured key oil ports in the country.\nHe said there was heavy fighting in the area and that 50 or 60 armored personnel carriers loyal to General Haftar tried to encircle his forces, but failed.\nThe militia attack coincided with a visit to Moscow by Libya\u2019s internationally-backed \u201cnational unity\u201d government Prime Minister Fayez el-Seraj. Seraj, whose government still has not been approved by the country\u2019s parliament in Tobruk, said his forces were not responsible for the attack.\nSeraj also insisted that both General Haftar and parliament speaker Aguila Saleh were blocking mediation efforts by Egypt to hold a face-to-face meeting between himself and the general.\nRussian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov (R) meets with Libyan Prime Minister Fayez Seraj in Moscow, Russia, March 2, 2017.\nQatar-based Libya al-Ahrar TV, which backs Islamist militias in Tripoli and Misrata, claimed that the \u201cBenghazi Defense Brigades\u201d were made up of fighters from Benghazi, which is now under Haftar\u2019s control. It claimed that Haftar was using mercenaries from Chad, a charge which his spokesman denied.\nThe \u201cBenghazi Defense Brigades\u201d were reported to have captured the Libyan desert oil oasis of Jaffra in December. It was not clear who was supporting the group, but former U.N. special envoy for Libya Tarek Mitri said in an interview last year that certain Gulf countries were backing them covertly.\nMamdouh Salameh, a London-based oil analyst, told Libyan TV that \u201ccontrol of the country\u2019s two largest oil ports [Ras Lanouf and Sidra] are always a main interest of the country\u2019s militias and of the national unity government because they are the key to the country\u2019s economy and ultimate control of Libya.\u201d\nMartin Kobler, the outgoing U.N. special envoy for Libya, in a tweet late Friday, urged \u201call parties to refrain from further escalation and to ensure the protection of civilians and of Libya\u2019s natural resources and oil facilities.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov (R) meets with Libyan Prime Minister Fayez Seraj in Moscow, Russia, March 2, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/2F127E06-5B60-4393-B583-386CCC9D3A08.jpg",
        "id": "30998_3",
        "answer": [
            "General Haftar and parliament speaker Aguila Saleh"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Seraj"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_04_3749528",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_04_3749528_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What led the arrival of the man on the left?",
        "context": "Palestinian Leader: Factions Committed to Lebanon's Security\nBEIRUT, LEBANON \u2014\u00a0\nPalestinian President Mahmoud Abbas began a three-day visit to Beirut on Thursday, saying Palestinian factions are committed to preserving security in refugee camps around Lebanon.\nAbbas arrived in the afternoon in the first visit to Lebanon by a president since President Michel Aoun was elected in October. He will meet in the coming days with other top Lebanese officials, including the prime minister and parliament speaker.\nLebanon is home to some 400,000 refugees, mainly in 12 crowded Palestinian refugee camps.\nAbbas read a statement after his meeting with Aoun, saying that Palestinians stand against terrorism in all its forms.\n\u201cOur people in Lebanon have confirmed that they will preserve security and stability in the camps and here I assert that commitment of all Palestinian factions with this vision,\u201d he said. He added that the Palestinians, like the Lebanese, are opposed to all forms of terrorism.\nOver the past months, dozens of wanted people who were taking shelter in the refugee camp of Ein el-Hilweh in southern Lebanon have handed themselves over to Lebanese authorities.\nEin el-Hilweh is notorious for its lawlessness and is home to some extremists who sympathize with the Islamic State group and al-Qaida.\nAbbas blasted Israel, blaming it for a lack of progress in peacemaking in the Middle East.\n\u201cThe political process is still stagnating and despite that we are extending our hands for peace in accordance with international resolutions,\u201d Abbas said. \u201cIsrael is still insisting on occupying our land and keeping our people in a large prison and this is what we will not accept.\u201d\nIn a striking departure from longtime American policy, U.S. President Donald Trump refrained earlier this month from supporting a two-state solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.\nWhile this pleased Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's hard line coalition partners, Trump said that whatever solution is reached would have to be acceptable to both sides.\nThat has raised questions about what kind of agreement could be reached. The alternative, a single binational state, could require Israel to grant citizenship to millions of Palestinians under its control, threatening its status as a Jewish-majority democracy.\nOn Saturday, Abbas is scheduled to leave for Geneva where he will deliver a speech two days later at the Human Rights Council, according to Majdi Khaldi, Abbas' diplomatic adviser.\n",
        "caption": "Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas, left, speaks with his Lebanese counterpart Michel Aoun at the presidential palace, in Baabda east Beirut, Lebanon, Feb. 23, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/FE77F216-59E7-4FCA-82FC-C92B6B2E9C6A.jpg",
        "id": "8439_1",
        "answer": [
            "preserving security in refugee camps around Lebanon."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Mahmoud Abbas"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_23_3737356",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_23_3737356_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who poured through the place in the image?",
        "context": "Britain Attempts to Defuse Afghanistan's Tensions With Pakistan\nISLAMABAD \u2014\u00a0\nBritain will host top officials from Afghanistan and Pakistan to discuss Afghan and regional security and try to resolve Kabul\u2019s current political tensions with Islamabad.\nBritish National Security Advisor Mark Lyall Grant, his Afghan counterpart Haneef Atmar, and Pakistani foreign policy advisor Sartaj Aziz, will lead their respective delegations Wednesday at the trilateral meeting.\nBorder issues\nThe meeting is taking place at a time when Pakistan has closed its border with landlocked Afghanistan in response to a string of deadly suicide bombings in the country last month.\nPakistani para-military soldiers stand alert after a deadly suicide attack at the shrine of famous Sufi Lal Shahbaz Qalandar in Sehwan, Pakistan, Feb. 16, 2017.\nIslamabad alleges anti-state militants orchestrated the violence from their hideouts on the Afghan side of the border.\nLast week Islamabad opened the border for only two days to allow tens of thousands of stranded Afghans to return to their country.\nPakistani soldiers check the identity of citizens returning from Afghanistan at the border town of Chaman, Pakistan, March 7, 2017.\nAfghanistan depends on Pakistani sea ports for trade, which is considered the war-torn country\u2019s economic lifeline. The border closure has stranded thousands of containers after having left Pakistan\u2019s southern Karachi port on the Arabian Sea.\nSecurity along border\nPakistani authorities want their Afghan counterparts to boost security on the 2,600 kilometer frontier before the traffic is restored. Islamabad has also handed over a list of 76 fugitive militants to Kabul, saying they are sheltering on Afghan soil and want their extradition.\nBut the Afghan government in response gave Islamabad its own list of dozens of militants and 32 training centers in Pakistan, alleging they are behind years of insurgent violence in Afghanistan.\n",
        "caption": "Pakistani soldiers check the identity of citizens returning from Afghanistan at the border town of Chaman, Pakistan, March 7, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/AE68ED9A-1022-42AE-A037-106A9EB4017A.jpg",
        "id": "25659_3",
        "answer": [
            "tens of thousands of stranded Afghans"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "border"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_14_3765224",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_14_3765224_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who are the people operating the vehicles in the image near?",
        "context": "Armed Forces Chiefs Meet in Turkey Over Syrian Kurdish Tensions\nISTANBUL \u2014\u00a0\nThe U.S. top general, Joseph Dunford, along with the chief of Russia's general staff, Valery Gerasimov, were hosted by their Turkish counterpart, Hulusi Akar, in the Mediterranean resort of Antalya. According to officials, the meeting sought to find ways to avoid potential confrontations among the forces operating in Syria.\n\"First the de-conflicting issue between Russian and U.S. forces, which are only 10 kilometers apart from each other,\" suggested former senior Turkish diplomat Aydin Selcen, \"and then the other de-conflicting for the U.S. is their two allies on the ground, the YPG and Turkish armed forces, not to get in touch with each other.\"\nAnkara says the Syrian Kurdish militia, the YPG, is affiliated with the PKK, which is fighting the Turkish state and is internationally designated as a terrorist organization. Washington and Moscow see the YPG as key to defeating Islamic State, and ousting IS from its self-declared capital of Raqqa.\nTurkey's Chief of Staff Gen. Hulusi Akar, center, U.S. Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Gen. Joseph Dunford, left, and Russia's Chief of Staff Gen. Valery Gerasimov attend a meeting in the Mediterranean coastal city of Antalya, Turkey, March 7, 2017.\nThose differences have come to a head in the Syrian town of Manbij, which the YPG liberated last year from the jihadists. Turkish forces, along with elements of the Free Syrian Army, are marching on Manbij, and already a number of deadly clashes have occurred between the two sides.\nTo defuse tensions, U.S. forces deployed between the rival groups. A \"visible sign of deterrence and reassurance,\" U.S. Capt. Jeff Davis, a Pentagon spokesman, described the deployment Monday, adding, \"There is not a need for others to advance on it [Manbij] in attempts to 'liberate' it.\"\nSuspected YPG, Assad deal\nWhile Moscow brokered a deal with the YPG to allow Syrian regime forces to create a buffer zone, that deal may have opened a door to a key YPG objective. \"In return for turning over outlying areas of Manbij to [Syrian President Bashar al-] Assad, Assad promised free access to Afrin canton to the west, so essentially the Kurdish cantons have been linked,\" said political consultant Atilla Yesilada of Global Source Partners.\nFILE - A Kurdish fighter from the People's Protection Units (YPG) carries his weapon as he walks at the faculty of economics where a defaced picture of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad is seen in the background, in the Ghwairan neighborhood of Hasaka, Syria, Aug. 22, 2016.\nSuch a deal, if confirmed, would be a blow to Ankara. \"Turkey will prevent the unity of the PYD [Syrian Kurdish] cantons at all costs. We will continue our struggle,\" warned Turkish Defense Minister Fikri Isik on Sunday. The YPG in its war against IS has up until now linked all the Syrian Kurdish cantons except Afrin.\n\"Until now the Syrian Kurds have played their hand very carefully using both big powers [Washington and Moscow], to their interests. They have shown some deft diplomacy indeed,\" pointed out former Turkish diplomat Selcen.\nSuch diplomacy is increasingly isolating Ankara.\n\"Turkey has been completely abandoned in Syria. Russia does not want us to expand our territory,\" noted consultant Yesilada. \"Our viewpoint [that] the YPG is a terrorist organization has been flatly rejected by everyone involved in the area. The United States does not want us either in Manbij or Raqqa.\"\nAnkara is lobbying Washington to abandon the Syrian Kurds in favor of its forces in Syria in the war against Islamic State; however, analysts say it's widely expected the U.S. will side with the YPG and increase its support of the group as the YPG continues to make advances on Raqqa. Consultant Yesilada says Ankara has few options.\nFILE - Fighters of the Manbij military council, take an overwatch position in the southern rural area of Manbij, Syria June 1, 2016.\n\"Either we could limit ourselves to the triangle we've liberated and try to settle some Syrians there,\" Yesilada said, \"or attack the Kurdish cantons directly from our border, and that would create a firestorm in the world community and it would mean war with the Syrian Kurds which may spread to Kurds in Turkey.\"\nThe YPG has warned any such attack would compromise its fight against Islamic State.\nUpcoming meeting\nSyria is expected to top the agenda when Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan visits Russia on Thursday. Domestic politics, however, could be the defining factor in Ankara's next move. With Erdogan courting nationalists' votes ahead of a referendum next month to extend his powers, analysts warn he is expected to continue to take a hard line against the Syrian Kurdish militia in what he calls his war on terrorism, whatever the international consequences.\n\"I expect more pressure on the PKK and by default the YPG,\" predicted Selcen. \"With the referendum in sight and the serious possibility of a 'no' vote winning, definitely internal politics will effect foreign policy, and that includes the military operation in Syria.\"\n",
        "caption": "A convoy of U.S. forces armored vehicles drives near the village of Yalanli, on the western outskirts of the northern Syrian city of Manbij, March 5, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/DC6BCC89-6335-4B05-B357-B228F411E633.jpg",
        "id": "26042_1",
        "answer": [
            "Russian"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "U.S. forces"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_07_3753946",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_07_3753946_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the name of the vehicle in the image get spread in?",
        "context": "'Boaty McBoatface' to Embark on First Mission\nIt\u2019s not every day that an unmanned scientific submarine makes international headlines, but this sub is named Boaty McBoatface, and it is about to embark on its first mission.\nThe sub is operated by Britain's National Environmental Research Council, which last year turned to the internet to name the group\u2019s new $248 million research ship that is still under construction.\nThe online naming poll went viral, but NERC opted instead to name the ship the Royal Research Ship Sir David Attenborough, after the famous British naturalist.\nAn artist's impression of the polar research vessel being built for Britain's Natural Environment Research Council. (NERC)\nMaking sure not to anger the internet, NERC opted to use Boaty McBoatface for the drone sub.\nNow, little Boaty is about to undertake its first mission, according to a NERC statement.\n\u201cCute though it sounds, this unmanned submarine is part of a fleet of some pretty intrepid explorers,\u201d it said. \u201cThis month they'll begin their first mission, traversing a deep current that originates in Antarctica and flows through the Southern Ocean. They'll be collecting data for the Dynamics of the Orkney Passage Outflow (DynOPO) project as they 'fly' through submarine waterfalls and rapids, shedding light on how global warming is changing our oceans.\u201d\nBoaty McBoatface will likely be operated from the RSS Sir David Attenborough when it is finished being built in 2019.\n\u201cWork continues on dry land for now, but she'll be ready to 'splashdown' off the yard and into the blue early next year, whilst works will continue inside,\u201d NERC said. \u201cThen she'll be taken for trials to make sure she's seaworthy and her scientific equipment is working to perfection before she sets off for her first mission in 2019.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "The unmanned submarine named Boaty McBoatface is about to embark on its first mission. (NERC)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/0E05A1D1-652F-4BA3-9BF1-F46B7E4D9755.jpg",
        "id": "29908_1",
        "answer": [
            "international headlines"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Boaty McBoatface"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_13_3763508",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_13_3763508_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the people who work in the place in the image do?",
        "context": "Two Months In, Major Parts of Trump\u2019s Agenda Stalled\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nThe first 100 days of an American president\u2019s first term in office traditionally are a time when the new administration\u2019s major policy proposals might encounter less partisanship from lawmakers on Capitol Hill, and possibly even have a head start on being voted into law.\nThat\u2019s particularly true when the president\u2019s party controls both houses of Congress, as is currently the case. But at this point, about two months after the inauguration, things have not gone so easily for President Donald Trump.\nFrom health care to the federal budget to immigration, Trump\u2019s biggest proposals have run into major obstacles in Congress and the courts. It\u2019s a trend that contradicts Trump\u2019s frequent assertion that he has achieved more in two months than any other president in American history.\n\u201cIt\u2019s not actually going particularly well,\u201d said Larry Sabato, a political analyst at the University of Virginia. \u201cThe president has not scored any easy victories on big things.\u201d\nAttorney General Bob Ferguson, center, stands with Solicitor General Noah Purcell, left, and Civil Rights Unit Chief Colleen Melody as he speaks with media members on the steps of the federal courthouse after an immigration hearing there, March 15, 2017,\nTravel ban\nThe latest roadblock came Wednesday, when a federal judge blocked Trump\u2019s new executive order to halt the U.S. refugee program temporarily and bar travelers from six Muslim-majority countries from entering the United States. The restraining order was issued hours before Trump\u2019s new immigration rules were to take effect.\nIt was the second time that courts have thwarted Trump\u2019s attempts to implement immigration restrictions (an earlier, more sweeping travel ban was blocked by a different judge last month), and it set up a potentially lengthy legal battle in the months ahead.\nTrump has vowed to fight hard to reinstate the ban, promising to take the case to the Supreme Court, if necessary. But it\u2019s not likely a battle he wanted, especially when his team is struggling to make progress on so many other fronts.\n\u201cThey\u2019re going from fire to fire to fire. And a lot of these fires have been set by themselves,\u201d said Evan Siegfried, a Republican strategist and political commentator. \u201cIt doesn\u2019t seem like the White House even has a long-term strategy here.\u201d\nU.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS) Tom Price, left, and Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Director Mick Mulvaney speak to reporters after the Congressional Budget Office released its score on proposed Republican health care legislation.\nHealth care\nMany lawmakers within Trump\u2019s own Republican Party don\u2019t support his biggest proposals, including his plan to repeal and replace former President Barack Obama\u2019s signature health care law.\nTrump built his political campaign last year around a promise to undo Obamacare, as he prefers to call the Affordable Care Act of 2010.\nHowever, the repeal-and-replace campaign by Trump and Republican leaders on Capitol Hill has so far failed to gain much traction. And they suffered a major blow this week when the nonpartisan Congressional Budget Office estimated that Trump\u2019s proposed replacement bill would result in 24 million Americans losing their medical insurance by 2026.\nWatch: White House 2018 Budget Draws Mixed Reactions\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nWhite House 2018 Budget Draws Mixed Reactions\nShare this video\n0:02:04\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:04\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 5.8MB\n360p | 9.3MB\n720p | 55.3MB\nFederal budget\nAnother major plank in Trump\u2019s campaign platform was a sharp cutback in government spending. A preliminary version of the president\u2019s budget proposal was released Thursday, greeted by widespread criticism from members of both major political parties.\nThe Trump spending plan calls for one of the biggest increases in military spending ever, with most of those costs coming from a significant reshaping of the federal government \u2014 budget reductions so steep that many Cabinet departments would have to suspend or eliminate programs that provide assistance to Americans living near the poverty line.\nThe opening salvo in what looms as a budget war between Congress and the president also calls for the elimination of almost all U.S. foreign aid.\nThe budget must be approved by Congress, of course, and full details will only be released in the weeks to come. Key lawmakers, however, have let it be known that the plan as Trump presented it Thursday is essentially \u201cdead on arrival.\u201d\nTrump has said his budget and his health care proposals are simply the first stage in negotiations, and that he expects back and forth between lawmakers before any agreement is reached. But the billionaire ex-businessman, who portrays himself as a master dealmaker, has failed to bridge many of the divides.\nNo 'Trump caucus'\nThe problem is exacerbated by the fact that Trump\u2019s positions don\u2019t align perfectly with either party, leaving him few allies in Congress who support his entire agenda. Republican strategist Siegfried says: \u201cThere is no \u2018Trump caucus.\u2019 Nobody\u2019s running as a Trump Republican right now.\u201d\nIn addition, some potential Trump allies have been alienated by the president\u2019s unorthodox communications style. That includes lawmakers from both parties, whom Trump regularly assails in his Twitter feed, and the news media, regularly denounced by the president as \u201cthe enemy of the people.\u201d\nTrump is pressing his agenda at a time when public opinion surveys give him unusually low favorability ratings. An average of polls compiled by RealClearPolitics ((www.realclearpolitics.com )), a news group considered nonpartisan, shows 43 percent of Americans approve of Trump\u2019s job so far, a rating much lower than that of other presidents during their first months in office.\nWatch: Two Months in, Major Parts of Trump's Agenda Stalled\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTwo Months in, Major Parts of Trump's Agenda Stalled\nShare this video\n0:01:44\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:44\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 5.1MB\n360p | 8.4MB\n720p | 48.6MB\nSome successes\nBut it\u2019s not all bleak for Trump, who remains hugely popular among Republican voters.\nHis pick of Neil Gorsuch for the Supreme Court was widely praised by conservatives, as were his decisions to eliminate many government regulations and reauthorize construction of oil pipelines that had been hold because of environmental concerns.\nAt a campaign-style rally this week, Trump pointed to how the U.S. economy has continued to add jobs since he took over the White House. He also won cheers from supporters for pulling the U.S. out of the Trans-Pacific Partnership free-trade deal, which he said would have hurt U.S. workers.\n\u201cWe have done far more, I think maybe more than anybody\u2019s done in this office in 50 days, that I could tell you,\u201d Trump told an enthusiastic crowd Wednesday evening in Nashville, Tennessee. \u201cAnd we\u2019ve just gotten started.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "Attorney General Bob Ferguson, center, stands with Solicitor General Noah Purcell, left, and Civil Rights Unit Chief Colleen Melody as he speaks with media members on the steps of the federal courthouse after an immigration hearing there, March 15, 2017,",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/8AA5BEF8-9A97-4680-8A48-4DFE344A7545.jpg",
        "id": "29525_2",
        "answer": [
            "thwarted Trump\u2019s attempts to implement immigration restrictions"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "courts"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_17_3770159",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_17_3770159_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in the image say the larger impacts of the project are?",
        "context": "Pakistani Province Grows 750 Million Trees\nISLAMABAD \u2014\u00a0\nOfficials in Pakistan say a massive government-run reforestation campaign has grown 750 million trees across a northwestern province since 2015.\nThe government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, or KP, launched the four-year project with a goal of planting 1 billion trees by the end of 2018, hoping it would \"turn the tide on land degradation and loss\" in a formerly forested province in the Hindu Kush mountain range.\nOfficials and leaders of Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf, or PTI, party \u2014 which rules the province \u2014 gathered Thursday in the national capital of Islamabad to mark the progress in what is officially dubbed the \"Billion Tree Tsunami,\" or BTT.\nThe party chief, Imran Khan, former cricket-star-turned politician, told the gathering the tree-planting initiative has provided employment to \"500,000 people in remote mountainous regions where finding livelihood opportunities is extremely difficult.\"\nJobs are an important part of the program in impoverished KP, home to 40 percent of Pakistan's forests, because people cut down trees to sell the timber.\nKhan said the project is vital \"from an environmental conservation and climate-change mitigation and adaptation viewpoint.\"\nWide-ranging benefits\nProvincial officials say thousands of private nurseries have been created after proper training for procuring hundreds of millions of seedlings, while BTT has also helped improve livelihoods of people associated with scores of existing nurseries in KP.\nThe provincial government says it also employed people to protect the forests, which discourage the timber mafia.\nThe nearly $300-million plan is being funded through the provincial government budget, as well as profits from timber confiscated from illegal loggers in the country.\nExperts associated with the tree-planting campaign say the drive also is expected to boost water reserves in increasingly parched Pakistan, reduce soil erosion and flooding, and enhance agricultural production.\nIt also will increase the forested area from 20 percent to 22 percent in a country with Asia's highest rate of deforestation.\nGlobal effort\nKhyber Pakhtunkhwa is the only province or sub-national entity to be inducted in the Bonn Challenge. Set up in 2011, the Bonn Challenge calls for the restoration of 150 million hectares of deforested and degraded land by 2020.\nMore than 20 countries so far have responded to the challenge, expressing an ambition to restore more than 60 million hectares by 2020, with more commitments expected.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf party leader Imran Khan talks to media in Islamabad, Pakistan, Nov. 1, 2016. Khan took part in a gathering Thursday praising a massive government-run reforestation campaign that has grown 750 million trees across a northwestern province since 2015.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/A8BE7C1F-6891-4AAD-B580-C66B66F1383E.jpg",
        "id": "3109_1",
        "answer": [
            "provided employment to \"500,000 people in remote mountainous regions where finding livelihood opportunities is extremely difficult.\"",
            "500,000 people in remote mountainous regions where finding livelihood opportunities is extremely difficult",
            "environmental conservation and climate-change mitigation and adaptation"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Imran Khan",
            "Khan"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_02_3746994",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_02_3746994_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What caused the person holding the weapon in the image to stand guard?",
        "context": "Top Sudanese Officials Cancel Planned Egypt Visit Amid Mutual Recriminations\nCAIRO \u2014\u00a0\nRelations between Egypt and Sudan have taken a turn for the worse as each side accuses the other of supporting terrorism. Sudanese Foreign Minister Ibrahim Ghandour postponed a planned visit Tuesday to Cairo, amid the tensions.\nSudanese President Omar Hassan al-Bashir accused Egypt last week of supporting terrorists in South Sudan and Darfur, after allegedly capturing rebels Sudan says were driving Egyptian armored vehicles.\nBashir says Sudan's armed forces uncovered a large plot, with fighters coming from two directions \u2014 one group from South Sudan and the other from Libya \u2014 on the same day.\nFILE - Sudan's President Omar Hassan al-Bashir speaks during a press conference at the palace in Khartoum, March 2, 2017.\nHe alleges the Sudanese military destroyed 59 armored personnel carriers and tanks coming from South Sudan, and that the vehicles were high tech and Egyptian made. Sudanese TV showed video of what it said were some of the vehicles.\nA top Sudanese negotiator for the conflict in Darfur, Amin Hassan Omar, told Sudanese state TV that Egypt is trying to destabilize his country.\nHe says it is well-known that Egypt supports eastern Libyan military commander General Khalifa Hafter and that Egypt furnishes the South Sudanese government with weapons. Egypt also accuses Sudan of sending arms to parties in Libya, Omar says.\nEgyptian President Abdel Fattah el-Sissi rebutted the charges against Cairo last week, saying Egypt's foreign policy is unwavering in not interfering with the affairs of others and that Egypt conducts an honorable policy in an era devoid of honor.\nEgyptian state media have accused Sudan of supporting Islamic militants in southern Libya, following the terror attack Friday that killed more than two dozen Coptic Christians, many of them children, near the upper Egyptian town of Minya.\nEgyptian TV showed a Sudanese militant Islamic cleric, Mohammed al Jazouly, justifying the killing of civilians, saying Islam, in its battle against infidels, recognizes no difference between regular armies and civilians. For that reason, he says, it is permissible to kill tourists or children.\nFILE - Egyptian President Abdel Fattah el-Sissi speaks during a press conference at the presidential palace in Cairo, Egypt, March 2, 2017.\nSissi denounced such actions in a speech during at an anti-terrorism summit in the Saudi capital, Riyadh, just over a week ago.\nHe says Egypt's battle is a part of the world war against terrorism and Egypt is determined to defeat terrorist groups, while extending a hand in cooperation to its allies against them.\n\"Terrorists are not just those who carry weapons, but also those who arm and train them, or offer them political [justification],\" Sissi said.\nAnalyst Mohammed Hamza of the Center for Strategic Studies told Arab and Egyptian media that a number of regional states are supporting terrorism.\nHe says Qatar and possibly Sudan, along with regional power Turkey, have been supporting Islamic terrorists in neighboring Libya in fighting military commander Khalifa Hafter and periodically mounting terrorist attacks in Egypt.\nHafter's navy says it intercepted Italian and Greek-flagged boats carrying arms to the Islamist stronghold of Derna, Libya, more than a week ago. It was not clear who sent them.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A policeman stands alert near the site of the Cathedral road in Minya, Egypt, Friday, May 26, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/28E9796F-3E80-4ABB-B807-0E5ADF3B759B.jpg",
        "id": "2049_1",
        "answer": [
            "terror attack",
            "the terror attack Friday that killed more than two dozen Coptic Christians, many of them children, near the upper Egyptian town of Minya",
            "terror attack Friday that killed more than two dozen Coptic Christians"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "A policeman",
            "Minya"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_30_3877436",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_30_3877436_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in the image with glasses create?",
        "context": "LA City Council OKs Plans for George Lucas Museum\nLOS ANGELES \u2014\u00a0\nThe Force was with George Lucas on Tuesday as the Los Angeles City Council moved with lightsaber speed to clear the way for a $1.5 billion Museum of Narrative Art the Star Wars creator plans to build down the road from his alma mater.\nAfter hearing from Lucas himself, the council voted 14-0 to approve an environmental impact report and other requirements for the museum's construction adjacent to the University of Southern California.\n\"For a very brief time I actually grew up here,\" said Lucas, who earned a degree in film from USC. \"That's where I learned movies. That's where I learned my craft. Basically where I started my career was in school here.\"\nLucas said his museum won't just focus on movies, however, but on the entire history of narrative storytelling, from the days of cave painting to digital film.\n\"I realized that the whole concept of narrative art has been forgotten,\" he told the council.\nWith Tuesday's approval, plans are to break ground in Exposition Park, south of downtown, as early as this year and open the museum to the public in 2021. The city says the project will cost taxpayers nothing because Lucas and his wife, Mellody Hobson, are footing the bill.\n\"It is the largest private gift in our city, in our state or in our nation's history,\" said Councilman Curren D. Price Jr., whose district takes in the park.\nIt will feature all forms of narrative storytelling, said the museum's president, Don Bacigalupi. He said its exhibits will include story boards, costumes, props and various other elements that went into making Casablanca, The Wizard of Oz and other classic films.\nFilmmaker George Lucas, left, listens to remarks by Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti at a news conference outside Los Angeles City Hall, June 27, 2017.\nAnd, yes, there will be plenty of cool Star Wars stuff there, too.\n\"Everything from Luke Skywalker's first lightsaber to Darth Vader's costume and helmet,\" said Bacigalupi.\nThe Lucas-Steven Spielberg Indiana Jones films also will be represented.\nInteractive programs\nNumerous interactive programs for children, film students, academics and others will be offered.\nLucas said he hopes the museum will serve as inspiration to people of all ages, but especially to children, encouraging them to create a better world.\nPopular art, he said, is the glue that holds people together, that teaches them that while we may have differences, we have similar aspirations.\nIn addition to USC, the Museum of Narrative Art will be within close proximity to the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, the California Science Center and the California African American Museum.\nAlthough Lucas' affection for USC is clear \u2014 he and his foundation have given the school tens of millions of dollars over the years \u2014 it was once assumed he'd put his museum in his hometown of San Francisco. Or if not there, then his wife's hometown of Chicago.\nBut when it came time to clear away all the bureaucratic hurdles, it was Los Angeles that prevailed.\n\"I wanted to put it in my hometown. They said no. Mellody wanted to put it in her hometown. They said no. We were both basically heartbroken,\" Lucas said.\n\"And then we said, 'All right, let's clear the boards and find a place that really wants it.' \"\n",
        "caption": "Filmmaker George Lucas, left, and his wife, Mellody Hobson, listen to remarks at a news conference outside Los Angeles City Hall, June 27, 2017. The Los Angeles City Council approved preliminary steps that will allow construction of the $1.5 billion Lucas Museum of Narrative Art in Exposition Park in Los Angeles.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/4FEFE9B1-9938-4500-A6E7-1D3A52875196.jpg",
        "id": "8663_1",
        "answer": [
            "Star Wars"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "George Lucas"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_27_3918741",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_27_3918741_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Why are people like those in the image attacked?",
        "context": "Vietnam's Crackdown on Political Dissent Described as Boon for Business\nTAIPEI \u2014\u00a0\nEconomic analysts say many foreign investors are finding an up side to the suppression of dissent in Vietnam, taking comfort in the expectation of business stability as the country\u2019s one-party government moves toward a landmark economic summit later in the year.\nPlain-clothed authorities beat rights campaigners and bloggers in 36 incidents between January 2015 and April 2017, often resulting in serious injuries, the New York advocacy group Human Rights Watch said Sunday. Some had joined demonstrations to protect the environment or pushed for human rights, the group said.\nAnalysts in the country say foreign investors and others with business in Vietnam will either ignore the suppression or take it as a sign that the government is eliminating possible threats to its promotion of a fast-growing economy that depends largely on foreign direct investment.\n\u201cAt the moment it\u2019s almost implicit that the one-party state will continue indefinitely, and if you want to really criticize it in public, you\u2019re asking for trouble,\u201d said Adam McCarty, chief economist with Mekong Economics in Hanoi. \u201cBusinessmen like that sort of stability. You might object to it ethically, morally or on democratic grounds, but on business grounds, it\u2019s a stable business environment.\u201d\nExecutives from the American and European chambers of commerce in Ho Chi Minh City were unavailable for comment Wednesday on what member companies think of Vietnam's human rights issues.\nFILE - Vietnamese Americans protest outside the White House before U.S. President Donald Trump's meeting with Vietnamese Prime Minister Nguyen Xuan Phuc at the White House in Washington.\nImage control \nThe Southeast Asian Communist government is keen to control dissent ahead of the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) leadership meetings that it will host through November, analysts say. Vietnam first hosted APEC in 2006. U.S. President Donald Trump and leaders from 20 other countries could attend this year.\nVietnam wants to avoid any embarrassment from protests while showing foreign APEC guests it is \u201copen-minded and eager,\u201d said Frederick Burke, partner with the international law firm Baker & McKenzie in Ho Chi Minh City.\n\u201cThere\u2019s not much to complain about, I think. (APEC) will be a big showcase for Vietnam,\u201d McCarty said. \u201cThe authorities just don\u2019t want it to be used as a protest scene, as well.\u201d\nHuman Rights Watch said Vietnamese agents beat activists and bloggers with \u201cimpunity.\u201d The rights group demanded Sunday that the government end the attacks and hold the perpetrators responsible. Donor governments, it added, should tell Vietnam to stop.\nVietnamese prosecutors also have formally charged Nguyen Ngoc Nhu Quynh, a blogger better known as Mother Mushroom, over suspected anti-state propaganda. The blogger, who was awarded the International Women of Courage Award in absentia from U.S. first lady Melania Trump in March, faces 12 years in prison if convicted.\nBut Vietnam lets a lot of chatter pass to keep the internet open for the benefit of economic and social development, Burke said.\nFILE - A man welds an iron door at his workshop in Hanoi, Vietnam.\nEconomic growth \nVietnam\u2019s economy grew more than 6 percent in 2015 and 2016 to $200 billion largely on the back of export manufacturing, which in turn has expanded the middle class among an overall population of 92 million. Foreign direct investment disbursements in industries from furniture to consumer electronics last year reached a record high of $15.8 billion. Four decades ago, Vietnam was emerging from wars with China and the United States.\n\u201cThere\u2019s always a lot of hot politics going and people spout off on the internet,\u201d Burke said. \u201cBut there also still seems to be a lot of openness on the Vietnam internet. You can hang yourself from your own tree but the point is that Facebook, Google, all these thing that are closed off in China are open here and it does help the economy.\n\u201cBut as usual there\u2019s always some sensitivity in different sectors about what gets said about who and how,\u201d he said.\nEU concerns \nMembers of the European Parliament may seek improvements in human rights before ratifying a Vietnam free trade pact signed by negotiators in December 2015, said Oscar Mussons, senior associate with the Dezan Shira & Associates business consultancy in Ho Chi Minh City.\nEuropean Parliament members voiced concerns in February when a human rights subcommittee visited Vietnam.\nCompanies invested in Vietnam for cheap factory labor \u2013 a source of wildcat workplace strikes that were common before 2011 \u2013 also want to be clear on pay and hours.\n\u201cFrom an investor point of view they will come here and say, \u2018so what\u2019s the situation with the workers\u2019 rights and how many hours of extra time can we have them working and what is the minimum salary?\u2019\u201d Mussons said. \u201cSo the investors really care about having everything into place.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Vietnamese Americans protest outside the White House before U.S. President Donald Trump's meeting with Vietnamese Prime Minister Nguyen Xuan Phuc at the White House in Washington.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/A7A77CD8-4FDF-4B46-B925-D11A5354D04B.jpg",
        "id": "4119_2",
        "answer": [
            "to avoid any embarrassment from protests",
            "eliminating possible threats to its promotion of a fast-growing economy that depends largely on foreign direct investment"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Vietnam",
            "Vietnamese"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_21_3909878",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_21_3909878_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What happened to the structure in the background of the image?",
        "context": "Macadonia President Calls Emergency to Defuse Tension\nSKOPJE, MACEDONIA \u2014\u00a0\nMacedonia\u2019s president called an emergency meeting of political leaders Friday, hours after demonstrators \u2014 mostly supporters of the country\u2019s dominant conservative party \u2014 invaded parliament and assaulted opposition lawmakers.\nPolice said 77 people, including opposition Social Democrat leader Zoran Zaev, the head of a small ethnic Albanian opposition party and 22 police, were injured in the overnight riot when demonstrators stormed the legislature and attacked lawmakers to protest the election of a new speaker despite a months-old deadlock in efforts to form a new government.\nIt was unclear whether opposition party leaders would heed President Gjorge Ivanov\u2019s call for a meeting to defuse the tension.\nThe European Union condemned the violence, and said that the cornerstones of democracy should be respected. \nClashes lasted for hours Thursday night, with police initially doing little to stop the invasion. Eventually, they used stun grenades to evacuate the building, and free lawmakers and journalists trapped inside.\nMacedonia has been gripped by a deep political crisis for more than two years, and repeated efforts, including international mediation, have failed to improve things. The country has been without a government since elections in December failed to give any party a governing majority. \nEU foreign affairs chief Federica Mogherini said Friday that \u201cviolence is unacceptable, even more so when it happens in the house of democracy.\u2019\u2019\nMogherini, attending a meeting of EU foreign ministers in Malta, called the incident a \u201cserious crisis that can be dangerous.\u2019\u2019 \n",
        "caption": "A man rests by a police car during clashes between protesters and the police in front of the parliament building in Skopje, Macedonia, April 27, 2017. Demonstrators stormed parliament Thursday and attacked lawmakers to protest the election of a new speaker despite a months-old deadlock in efforts to form a new government.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/ACD5E0B0-43C2-4A19-9FD0-026FF5FE731D.jpg",
        "id": "25621_1",
        "answer": [
            "invaded"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "parliament"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_28_3829408",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_28_3829408_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the party of the person in the right of the image?",
        "context": "Netanyahu's Rift with Finance Minister Fuels Talk of Early Israeli Election\nJERUSALEM \u2014\u00a0\nA dispute between Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and his finance minister over broadcast regulation sparked speculation on Sunday that Netanyahu could seek an election two years ahead of schedule.\nA national vote could delay any U.S. peace moves under new President Donald Trump and also put off Netanyahu's possible indictment over suspected corruption.\nThe speculation came after Netanyahu said late on Saturday that he was abandoning an agreement with Finance Minister Moshe Kahlon, a key coalition partner, on establishing a new public broadcasting authority to replace the existing one.\nNetanyahu cited concerns over job losses for his abrupt change of heart.\nThe prime minister flew to China for a three-day official visit on Sunday, leaving behind talk of a coalition crisis and an early election in Israeli newspapers.\nThe Israeli media quoted Netanyahu as telling ministers from his Likud party that he would dissolve the government if Kahlon didn't fall into line. Kahlon heads the Kulanu party, a center-right partner in Netanyahu's Likud-led coalition.\nSome commentators said Netanyahu hoped a snap election would postpone a decision, expected within weeks, by the attorney general on possible criminal charges.\nOthers speculated that Netanyahu, after a visit by a U.S. envoy last week, was unsettled by the course the Trump administration might set in Israeli-Palestinian peace efforts and wanted to delay diplomacy.\nNetanyahu, 67, is a suspect in two cases, one involving the receipt of gifts from businessmen and the other related to conversations he held with an Israeli newspaper publisher about limiting competition in the news sector in exchange for more positive coverage.\nNo charges have yet been brought against Netanyahu, who was reelected two years ago and has denied wrongdoing.\nIsrael is not due to hold a general election until November 2019 but many coalition governments have not lasted a full term.\n\"A decision to call new elections will suspend the investigations and might even do away with them,\" commentator Nahum Barnea wrote in the Yedioth Ahronoth daily.\n\"If he survives [the ballot] he will argue ... the people have cleared him of any wrongdoing. And then he will form the same coalition he has grown fed up with today,\" Barnea said. Yariv Levin, a Likud cabinet minister, denied any link between Netanyahu's decision on the broadcasting authority and the police probes.\nUnder coalition agreements, Likud has the final word on communications issues, Levin told Army Radio. Two other Likud ministers voiced opposition to an early ballot.\nIn the Maariv newspaper, commentator Ben Caspit said a new election would buy Netanyahu another six to 12 months to gear up for an \"ultimate deal\" from Trump on peace with the Palestinians and the future of Jewish settlements.\n\"[Netanyahu] now realizes just how misplaced the right wing's adulation over Donald Trump the Messiah was,\" Caspit wrote.\nTrump has rolled back on any quick move of the U.S. embassy from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem, a city at the heart of the Israeli-Arab conflict, and has called on Netanyahu to \"hold back on settlements for a bit\".\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu (R) speaks with Finance Minister Moshe Kahlon during the weekly cabinet meeting in Jerusalem, Jan. 31, 2016. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/5DB17FA0-257C-4AE9-A836-0AD85F175143.jpg",
        "id": "341_1",
        "answer": [
            "Likud",
            "Likud party"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Benjamin Netanyahu",
            "Netanyahu"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_19_3772525",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_19_3772525_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What was the job of the person which the rebels were supporting who was responsible for the damage in the image?",
        "context": "UN Chief Vows to Work for Peace in South Sudan\nThe new United Nations secretary-general, Antonio Guterres, said the U.N. is working to avoid what he calls the \"worst\" for South Sudan.\nSpeaking to reporters at U.N. headquarters in New York upon his return from the just-concluded African Union summit in Ethiopia, Guterres said his office will work to see that the conflict in South Sudan is resolved through peaceful means. He said he knows from personal experience that the people of South Sudan deserve peace.\n\"When I became high commissioner for refugees, my first act was to go to Uganda to celebrate World Refugee Day with South Sudanese, and we helped 500,000 South Sudanese go back home when the country was created, and a lot of hope was inspiring them,\" Gutteres said.\nFILE - U.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres speaks to reporters during a news conference at the United Nations, Feb. 1, 2017.\nThe U.N. chief added that efforts to fully implement the 2015 peace agreement would depend on the progress of an all-inclusive national dialogue announced recently by President Salva Kiir and a major international effort that involves the U.N., the African Union, and the regional trade bloc called IGAD.\n\"One of my objectives is to try to establish a sound mechanism of cooperation between the sub-regional organizations, IGAD, the African Union and the U.N. in order to do everything possible to avoid the worst in South Sudan and to bring the South Sudanese situation into a better track for peace,\" Guterres said.\nHe said during the AU summit in Addis Ababa that he received assurances from Kiir that the government would cooperate with a U.N.-backed Regional Protection Force of 4,000 soldiers that is supposed to help stabilize peace in the capital Juba.\nThe protection force had been expected to arrive in late September after being authorized by the Security Council in August, but has yet to arrive. In mid-January, the United Nations peacekeeping mission in South Sudan confirmed that it was continuing talks with South Sudan's national government of transitional unity on the various modalities for the regional force, including where the troops will be deployed in Juba.\nThe confirmation came after media reports suggested that the government might have changed its position on the deployment of the force.\nIn July, a surge in fighting broke out in Juba between forces loyal to Kiir and SPLA-in-Opposition forces which support former First Vice President Riek Machar, leaving hundreds of people dead, including many civilians.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A man walks past the remains of a tank destroyed during fighting between government and rebel forces on July 10, 2016, in the Jebel area of the capital Juba, South Sudan, July 16, 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/A3B2FD47-F2AD-4ABF-81BB-1D74FECDC418.jpg",
        "id": "679_1",
        "answer": [
            "First Vice President"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "rebels"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_02_3703988",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_02_3703988_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What was the name of the faction of the group that the person in the image belonged to?",
        "context": "Martin McGuinness, Irish Rebel Turned Politician, Dies at 66\nDUBLIN \u2014\u00a0\nMartin McGuinness, the Irish Republican Army commander who led his underground paramilitary movement toward reconciliation with Britain, died Tuesday, his Sinn Fein party announced.\nTurning from rebel to peacemaker, McGuinness served as Northern Ireland's deputy first minister for a decade in a power-sharing government.\nThe party said he died following a short illness.\nMcGuinness suffered from amyloidosis, a rare disease with a strain specific to Ireland's northwest. The chemotherapy required to combat the formation of organ-choking protein deposits quickly sapped him of strength and forced him to start missing government appointments.\n\"Throughout his life Martin showed great determination, dignity and humility and it was no different during his short illness,\" Sinn Fein leader Gerry Adams said.\n'Worked tirelessly'\n\"He was a passionate republican who worked tirelessly for peace and reconciliation and for the re-unification of his country. But above all he loved his family and the people of Derry and he was immensely proud of both,\" Adams said.\nIrish President Michael D. Higgins said: \"The world of politics and the people across this island will miss the leadership he gave, shown most clearly during the difficult times of the peace process, and his commitment to the values of genuine democracy that he demonstrated in the development of the institutions in Northern Ireland.\"\nMcGuinness' transformation as peacemaker was all the more remarkable because, as a senior IRA commander during the years of gravest Catholic-Protestant violence, he insisted that Northern Ireland must be forced out of the United Kingdom against the wishes of Protestants.\nEven after the Sinn Fein party -- the IRA's legal, public face -- started to run for elections in the 1980s, McGuinness insisted as Sinn Fein deputy leader that \"armed struggle\" remained essential.\n\"We don't believe that winning elections and any amount of votes will bring freedom in Ireland,\" he told a BBC documentary team in 1986. \"At the end of the day, it will be the cutting edge of the IRA that will bring freedom.\"\nYet within a few years of making that stubborn vow, McGuinness was exploring the opposite option in covert contacts with British intelligence that led eventually to a truce, inter-party talks and the installation of the IRA icon in the heart of Northern Ireland's government.\n'Ruthless and unrepentant'\nIrish Times columnist Fintan O'Toole argued in January 2017 that McGuinness had been \"a mass killer -- during his period of membership and leadership the IRA killed 1,781 people, including 644 civilians -- whose personal amiability has been essential to the peace process. If he were not a ruthless and unrepentant exponent of violence, he would never have become such a key figure in bringing violence to an end.\"\nUnlike his close ally Adams, McGuinness never hid the fact that he had been a commander of the IRA -- classed as a terrorist organization by the British, Irish and U.S. governments. Nor could he.\nBorn May 23, 1950, he joined the breakaway Provisional IRA faction in his native Londonderry -- simply Derry to Irish nationalists -- after dropping out of high school and working as an apprentice butcher in the late 1960s. At the time, the Catholic civil rights movement faced increasing conflict with the province's Protestant government and police.\nHe rose to become Derry's deputy IRA commander by age 21 as \"Provo\" bombs systematically wrecked the city center. Soldiers found it impossible to pass IRA road barricades erected in McGuinness' nearby Bogside power base.\nMcGuinness appeared unmasked at early Provisional IRA press conferences. The BBC filmed him walking through the Bogside discussing how the IRA command structure worked and stressing his concern to minimize civilian casualties, an early sign of public relations savvy.\nIn 1972, Northern Ireland's bloodiest year, McGuinness joined Adams in a six-man IRA delegation flown by the British government to London for secret face-to-face negotiations during a brief truce. Those talks got nowhere and McGuinness went back on the run until his arrest on New Year's Eve in the Republic of Ireland near a car loaded with 250 pounds (110 kilograms) of explosives and 4,750 rounds of ammunition.\n'Very, very proud of it'\nDuring one of his two Dublin trials for IRA membership, McGuinness declared from the dock he was \"a member of the Derry Brigade of the IRA and I'm very, very proud of it.\"\nHistorians and security analysts agree that McGuinness was promoted to the IRA's ruling army council following his November 1974 parole from prison and would have overseen many of the group's most spectacular and divisive attacks. These included bomb attacks on London tourist spots and the use of \"human bombs\" -- civilian employees like cooks and cleaners at British security installations -- who were forced to drive car bombs to their places of work and were detonated by remote control before they could raise the alarm.\nHis central role in the IRA command was underscored when Britain in 1990 opened secret dialogue with the underground group in hopes of securing a cease-fire. An MI6 agent codenamed \"The Mountain Climber\" met McGuinness several times as part of wider diplomatic efforts that delivered a 1994 IRA truce and, ultimately, multi-party negotiations on Northern Ireland's future and the U.S.-brokered Good Friday peace accord of 1998.\nNorthern Ireland's first power-sharing government, formed in 1999, was led by moderates and afforded only minor roles for Sinn Fein and the most uncompromising Protestant party, Paisley's Democratic Unionists. When Sinn Fein nominated McGuinness to be education minister, many Protestant lawmakers recoiled and insisted they would never accept what one called ``an IRA godfather'' overseeing their children's education.\nThat first coalition collapsed under the twin weight of Paisley-led obstruction and the IRA's refusal to disarm as the Good Friday pact intended. McGuinness served as the lead liaison with disarmament officials.\nAfter election results vaulted the Democratic Unionists and Sinn Fein to the top of their communities for the first time, pressure mounted on the IRA to surrender its stockpiled arsenal. This happened in 2005, paving the way for Paisley to bury the hatchet with the group he called \"the Sinners.\"\nGenuine friendship\nNo observer could have foreseen what happened next: a genuine friendship between First Minister Paisley and Deputy First Minister McGuinness. Belfast wits dubbed them \"The Chuckle Brothers\" because of their public warmth, an image that quickly eroded Protestant support for Paisley and forced him out as Democratic Unionist chief within the year.\nMcGuinness maintained more businesslike relations with Paisley's frosty successor, Peter Robinson. Together they met Queen Elizabeth II for a historic 2012 handshake in Belfast and were guests of honor at Windsor Castle two years later. All the while, McGuinness expressed newfound support for the police as they faced attacks from IRA splinter groups -- a U-turn that exposed McGuinness and his relatives to death threats in their Derry home.\nHis relations with the newest Democratic Unionist Party leader, Arlene Foster, turned sour with surprising speed. When Foster rebuffed Sinn Fein's demands to step aside, McGuinness resigned in January, toppling power-sharing in the process.\n\"Over the last 10 years I have worked with DUP leaders and reached out to unionists on the basis of equality, respect and reconciliation. Today is the right time to call a halt to the DUP's arrogance,\" a frail, weak-voiced McGuinness said as he resigned as deputy first minister.\nFoster said Tuesday that \"his contribution helped build the relative peace we now enjoy.\"\n\"While our differing backgrounds and life experiences inevitably meant there was much to separate us, we shared a deep desire to see the devolved institutions working to achieve positive results for everyone,\" she said.\nBut British lawmaker Nadine Dories spoke for those who cannot forgive.\n\"I hope God forgives this man and grants him a place in heaven -- however, it will be hard for many to shed tears upon hearing this news,\" she said in a Tweet.\nMcGuinness is survived by his wife, Bernadette, two daughters and two sons.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Former deputy Northern Ireland First Minister Martin McGuinness, center, at Stormont, Belfast, Northern Ireland, Jan. 16, 2017. McGuinness died Tuesday at age 66.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/8EC0018F-B721-4ABD-90E4-158393D146B1.jpg",
        "id": "24_1",
        "answer": [
            "Derry Brigade",
            "Irish Republican Army",
            "Sinn Fein party",
            "Provisional IRA"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "McGuinness",
            "Martin McGuinness"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_21_3775112",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_21_3775112_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "How many in the country are like those from the image?",
        "context": "Los Angeles Plans to Fight Trump Over Immigration\nLOS ANGELES \u2014\u00a0\nNearly 2,000 protesters \u2014 labor leaders, activists, state and local officials \u2014 marched in a boisterous demonstration in Los Angeles, the nation's second-largest city, in December to show their opposition to an expected crackdown on undocumented immigrants after President-elect Donald Trump takes office January 20.\n\"I do recognize that he will be the president for the next four years,\" said state Senator Kevin de Leon, one of California's top-ranking Democrats. \"It's our reality. We want to find common ground where we can find common ground, but we're also prepared to defend the prosperity of California.\"\nDe Leon, who is president pro tem of the California Senate, says the state's prosperity comes from an immigrant-friendly environment, where local officials remain at arm's length from federal immigration enforcement.\nFILE - State Sen. Kevin de Leon, D- Calif., speaks during the first day of the Democratic National Convention in Philadelphia, July 25, 2016.\nThe state has engaged Eric Holder, the former attorney general under President Barack Obama, to represent its interests in anticipated battles with the Trump administration over issues from immigration to climate change. Holder is now a private attorney.\nCalifornia is one of 12 states that allow undocumented residents to obtain a driver's license. Local leaders say that cities \u2014 many controlled by Democrats antagonistic toward the incoming Republican president \u2014 will do more.\nLos Angeles has instituted a $10 million legal fund for residents threatened with deportation. Chicago has set up a smaller fund, and San Francisco officials are considering a similar move.\nTrump's promises\nMore than 2.7 million undocumented migrants were deported under Obama, earning him the title, \"Deporter in Chief,\" from his critics. During the campaign and since the election, Trump has insisted on even tougher enforcement of immigration law.\nFILE - Then-presidential candidate Donald Trump speaks during a campaign rally at the Phoenix Convention Center in Phoenix, Aug. 31, 2016.\n\"Anyone who has entered the United States illegally is subject to deportation,\" Trump said in Phoenix on August 31 in his most comprehensive speech on immigration to date. \"That is what it means to have laws and to have a country. Otherwise,\" he said, \"we don't have a country.\"\nHe has since walked that back to focus on the 2 to 3 million illegal immigrants with \"criminal records.\"\nTrump promises to end \"catch and release,\" the practice of releasing some detainees to the community while they are awaiting immigration hearings, and to cut federal funding for so-called sanctuary cities, such as Los Angeles, which limit the sharing of information by local authorities with federal immigration officials. He also promises increased enforcement in the workplace. \nIn addition, he said he will end DACA \u2014 Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals \u2014 a program enacted by President Barack Obama in 2012 that has shielded from deportation 750,000 young people who came to the U.S. as minors.\nFILE - Undocumented people wait to fill out application forms for the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program at Navy Pier in Chicago, Illinois, Aug. 15, 2012.\nTrump told Time magazine in December, however, that on this issue, at least, he is willing to \"work something out.\"\nMost dramatically, congressional Republicans are working to realize one of his chief campaign promises, a wall along the U.S.-Mexico border.\nLos Angeles united\nAt the Los Angeles protest march, attorney Emily Robinson of the Loyola Law School Immigrant Justice Clinic said, \"We're sending a message that Los Angeles is united for immigrants' rights, that we're going to stand strong. We're not colluding with ICE [Immigration and Customs Enforcement].\"\nFILE - Holding signs that read \"Protect Immigrants,\" pro-immigration demonstrators stand on the steps of the Kenneth Hahn Hall of Administration in downtown Los Angeles, California, Dec. 20, 2016.\nTrump\u2019s promise of stricter enforcement leaves legal immigrants divided. Some oppose the plan for stepped-up enforcement, and others support it.\n\"I don't think anybody legal would want to see illegal immigrants, especially who have committed crimes, to stay in this country,\" said David Wang, who helped organize support for Trump in the Chinese-American community during the campaign.\nDespite fears surrounding campaign rhetoric, Luis Quinonez, a member of Trump's Hispanic Advisory Council, said the only people who have anything to fear are criminal immigrants and what he calls \"extreme Muslims\" bent on violence. \"Anyone who wants to do harm, they are not wanted, they are not welcome, we'll pursue them.\"\nMore than 11 million U.S. residents are undocumented, 3 to 4 percent of the population. As federal enforcement intensifies, local leaders say the debate has moved from Washington to cities like Los Angeles.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Undocumented people wait to fill out application forms for the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program at Navy Pier in Chicago, Illinois, Aug. 15, 2012.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/7A382BB0-FC0A-481E-B861-8AF5B408F0BC.jpg",
        "id": "28437_3",
        "answer": [
            "More than 11 million U.S. residents"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "undocumented"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_18_3676328",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_18_3676328_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who did the person in the middle of the image applaud?",
        "context": "Bannon: Conservatives Can Expect a 'Daily Fight' with Media\nNATIONAL HARBOR, MARYLAND \u2014\u00a0\nConservatives can expect a daily fight with the media and others in the \"opposition,\" chief White House strategist Steve Bannon said Thursday.\nBannon was one of the main speakers on the second day of the Conservative Political Action Conference (CPAC) outside Washington, the country's biggest yearly gathering of conservatives.\nWATCH: Bannon Says Corporatist Global Media Opposed to Economic Nationalist Agenda \nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nBannon: Corporatist Global Media Opposed to Economic Nationalist Agenda\nShare this video\n0:01:19\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:19\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 3.8MB\n360p | 4.8MB\n480p | 27.9MB\nBannon, who is among the most controversial conservatives because of his earlier harsh comments about minorities, said the media opposes President Donald Trump's \"economic nationalist agenda.\"\n\"Every day is going to be a fight,\" he warned.\nBannon was joined by White House Chief of Staff Reince Priebus, who called the president a uniter of Republicans and conservatives of different beliefs, pointing to himself and the sharp-tongued Bannon as an example.\nWATCH: Priebus Says Trump 'Brought Together Party, Conservative Movement'\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nPriebus: Trump 'Brought Together The Party And The Conservative Movement'\nShare this video\n0:00:54\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:54\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 2.7MB\n360p | 3.7MB\n480p | 20.0MB\n\"And I've got to tell you, if the party and the conservative movement are together, similar to Steve and I, it can't be stopped,\" Priebus said.\nConway address\nEarlier Thursday, CPAC heard from top Trump adviser Kellyanne Conway, who said Trump \"went right to the grass roots and brought you along. He made a lot of people feel like they were a part of the movement.\"\nWhite House counselor Kellyanne Conway speaks at the Conservative Political Action Conference in National Harbor, Maryland, Feb. 23, 2017.\nVice President Mike Pence is scheduled to address the conference Thursday night.\nTrump's speech to CPAC on Friday will be the highlight of this year's conference, which has been energized by Republican control of the White House and Congress for the first time in 10 years.\nCPAC leader Matt Schlapp told VOA he saw \"a little more of a populist strain\" running through the event this year, with Trump serving as the driving force.\n\"I will agree that there is a little more of a populist strain to conservatives these days. I don't know if it's a change in philosophy, but I do know this: It's because they are so discouraged about what's been happening in Washington, D.C., over all these years,\" he said.\nWatch: Top White House Officials Praise Trump at CPAC\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTop White House Officials Praise Trump at CPAC\nShare this video\n0:02:17\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:17\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 6.5MB\n360p | 9.5MB\n720p | 60.9MB\n1080p | 42.4MB\nNot all have endorsed Trump's brand of conservatism, and his past appearances at CPAC have drawn mixed reactions. Many of his stated and past positions on issues put him at odds with conservative orthodoxy.\nThree-group coalition\nBut Schlapp said there was an \"alive and vibrant\" coalition made up of three kinds of conservatives: those who care about the culture, those who simply want less government and lower taxes, and others who say the country needs a strong defense.\nWhite House Chief of Staff Reince Priebus, center, with White House strategist Stephen Bannon, left, and American Conservative Chairman Matt Schlapp, speaks during the Conservative Political Action Conference in National Harbor, Maryland, Feb. 23, 2017.\nSchlapp said all were discouraged about what has been happening in Washington in recent years. \n\"They just feel like no matter how many elections they win, they lose ground, and government grows and taxes increase,\" he said.\nWhile conservative Republicans gathered in Maryland, opposition Democrats met in Atlanta to choose a new leader of the Democratic National Committee.\nFormer Obama Labor Secretary Tom Perez and U.S. Representative Keith Ellison of Minnesota are the front-runners to lead the party, which is trying to pick up the pieces after November's election losses.\nThe moderate-voiced Perez has the backing of more mainstream Democrats, while the outspoken Ellison is supported by the more liberal elements of the party.\nBut all sides say the Democrats need a leader who can harness the anger and energy coming out of anti-Trump protests and put the party back in control of Congress in next year's midterm elections.\n",
        "caption": "White House Chief of Staff Reince Priebus, center, with White House strategist Stephen Bannon, left, and American Conservative Chairman Matt Schlapp, speaks during the Conservative Political Action Conference in National Harbor, Maryland, Feb. 23, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/EE2E1491-5E4A-4B22-84DC-B3E45C44464D.jpg",
        "id": "12183_3",
        "answer": [
            "the president",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Reince Priebus"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_23_3737433",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_23_3737433_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who does the person on the screen in the image work for?",
        "context": "Pakistan Sentences Suspected Indian Spy to Death\nISLAMABAD \u2014\u00a0\nA military court in Pakistan has sentenced an alleged Indian spy to death on charges of \u201cespionage and sabotage\u201d activities against the country, a rare move likely to fuel bilateral tensions.\nAn army spokesman, while announcing details of the decision Monday, identified the man as Kulbushan Sudhir Jadhav of India\u2019s primary foreign intelligence agency, Research and Analysis Wing (RAW).\nJadhav was arrested through a \u201ccounterintelligence operation\u201d in Pakistan\u2019s violence-hit southwestern Baluchistan province in March 2016, and the military court found him guilty of all charges, said Major-General Asif Ghafoor.\n\u201cThe spy has been tried through Field General Court Martial (FGCM) \u2026 and awarded death sentence,\u201d Ghafoor added and said the Pakistan army chief signed off on the verdict.\nThe spokesman reiterated that Jadhav was a serving Indian navy officer and tasked by RAW \u201cto plan, coordinate and organize espionage/sabotage activities aiming to destabilize and wage war against Pakistan.\u201d\nIndian denials\nNew Delhi has acknowledged that Jadhav was a retired Indian naval officer, but rejected he was connected in any way to the government.\nShortly after Monday\u2019s announcement by the Pakistan army, India summoned the Pakistan High Commissioner and condemned the proceedings against Jadhav \u201cas farcical in the absence of any credible evidence against him.\u201d\nAn Indian Foreign Ministry statement said Jadhav was kidnapped from Iran and his subsequent presence in Pakistan has never been \u201ccredibly\u201dexplained. Since his arrest, India has made 13 requests, including one last month to seek consular access to Jadhav, but this was not permitted by Islamabad, it added.\nPakistani officials maintain the law does not allow consular access to detainees facing anti-state spying charges.\nIndia also dismissed as \u201cclearly absurd in the circumstances\u201d the Pakistan army\u2019s assertions that Jahhav was provided, during what India called the \u201cso-called trial,\u201d with a defending officer.\n\u201cIf this sentence against an Indian citizen, awarded without observing basic norms of law and justice, is carried out, the government and people of India will regard it as a case of premeditated murder,\u201d it warned.\nConfession video\nThe Pakistan military released a confessional video shortly after Jadhav's arrest in which he gave details of anti-Pakistan operations launched from neighboring Iran.\n\u201cI am still a serving officer in the Indian Navy ... I commenced intelligence operations in 2003, and established a small business in Chabahar in Iran. As I was able to achieve undetected existence and visits to Karachi in 2003 and 2004, ... I was picked up by RAW in 2013, and ever since I have been directing various activities in Baluchistan and Karachi at the behest of RAW, and deteriorating law and order situation in Karachi,\u201d said Jadhav.\nThe issue has also become an irritant in Islamabad\u2019s relations with Tehran. Soon after his arrest, Pakistani officials asked Iran to investigate Jadhav\u2019s activities on its soil.\nPakistani officials say they have also shared with the United Nations documents detailing Jadhav\u2019s confession and other subversive acts India is allegedly undertaking to destabilize Pakistan.\nRelations between the two nuclear-armed rival nations have deteriorated in recent years and a wide-ranging bilateral dialogue aimed at normalizing ties remains suspended.\nThe two countries have lately engaged in intense military clashes along the dispute border in Kashmir, a divide Himalayan region both India and Pakistan claim in its entirety.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Journalists look at a photo of Indian national Kulbhushan Jadhav during a press conference in Islamabad, Pakistan, March 29, 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/97B8CD08-71AB-4A32-875C-1726794AA8FD.jpg",
        "id": "30204_1",
        "answer": [
            "India\u2019s primary foreign intelligence agency"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Kulbushan"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_10_3803756",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_10_3803756_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where else are boxes like those in the image being sent?",
        "context": "WFP Makes Drastic Cuts to Food Aid Across Africa\nIn the Central African Republic, two million people, nearly half the country's entire population, face hunger as a result of reduced funding for the U.N. World Food Program.\nA cutback in donations to the WFP means the U.N. agency can only offer assistance to about 600,000 people, those most in need of help.\nWith crises around the globe competing for donor dollars, WFP is reducing the quantity and frequency of food it supplies, and delivering that assistance to smaller numbers of people throughout Africa, in countries including Somalia, South Sudan and Uganda.\nIn Bambari, a flashpoint in the Central African Republic, about 115,000 people receive monthly rations from the WFP - mostly those seeking safety from fighting between armed groups.\nThe displaced people who are now in Bambari face major difficulties, Mayor Mathieu Bataben told VOA: \"They abandoned everything. They abandoned their fields of manioc. They abandoned their fields of maize. This permitted them to subsist. Because they are far from their fields, they have no revenue. This creates a real problem of food.\"\nMisery in IDP camp\nAt the site of an old cotton factory, 24-year-old Romiarde Mbiangbanga lives with about 3,000 other internally displaced people. Gutted buildings serve as shelter from the rain for some; others live in thatched huts or under lean-tos.\nMbiangbanga moved here in January 2014 after his village was attacked by a Muslim militia. He feels trapped in this camp because armed groups still roam the area.\n\"Because of the security, where can we search for work?\" he asked. \"It's because of that, we can't walk, we can't go find work anywhere. Always here.\"\nMbiangbanga goes into the bush to collect wood to sell in the market. He uses that extra income to supplement the food he gets from the WFP. In Bambari and across the country, rations have been cut to an average of 25 percent of normal levels.\n\"Nothing to eat,\" he said. \"Here when they came to distribute, it's terribly insufficient. It's terribly insufficient.\"\nHumanitarian workers distribute food at an internally displaced persons camp in Bambari, Central African Republic, Jan. 2017.\nChildren's rations cut \nHis desperation is clear. He takes care of his five children, five orphans and his mother. \"I suffer a lot.\"\nWFP rations for schoolchildren in Bambari are being cut, too. Malnourished and highly vulnerable people, like refugees from other countries, receive full rations.\nElsewhere in the camp, 42-year-old Virginie Kada and her eight children face a similar challenge. Her husband died fighting as a soldier against a Muslim armed group. Kada brought her children here in April 2016 after he died.\n\"The children eat from the gardens,\" she explained while holding one of her toddlers. \"But once that's finished, it will be difficult to get food, and I'm worried my kids will become malnourished.\"\nAcross town in a camp for internally displaced Muslims, Zenabou Hassan told VOA the WFP's food is only enough to feed her children for a week.\nA UN peacekeeper provides security for humanitarian aid workers during food distribution at an internally displaced persons camp in Bambari, Central African Republic, Jan. 2017.\nMilitia danger\n\"We are in a sense obligated to sacrifice our lives to go into the bush to look for wood to sell,\" she said. \"But we can't do anything else because we have the children. We're scared, but we have to make money to feed them.\"\nHassan lives in a camp consisting of abandoned government buildings. People pass by on a main road, heading into town to go to the market. Militia members with AK-47s stand guard on the side of the road as an initial force to fend off attacks from rival armed groups.\nA camp leader, 56-year-old Ibrahim Abaka, said he expects the cutback in aid supplies will force displaced men to join the armed groups in order to feed their families. \n\"The situation is really volatile,\" said WFP's head in Bambari, Abdoulaye Sarr. \"It's a huge frustration for me to come to a [camp]. I see how much people are suffering, and I don't have the solution.\"\nWhile acknowledging that other crises around the world require resources, WFP is calling on donors to increase funding for its efforts in the Central African Republic to \"avert a greater humanitarian crisis.\" The country's president has joined in the call, saying he wants to ensure the humanitarian situation in his country is \"not forgotten or neglected.\"\n",
        "caption": "Humanitarian workers distribute food at an internally displaced persons camp in Bambari, Central African Republic, Jan. 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/602F2668-7883-437D-B518-0927F20D8439.jpg",
        "id": "2156_1",
        "answer": [
            "Somalia, South Sudan and Uganda",
            "Somalia, South Sudan and Uganda."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "food",
            "Africa"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_24_3689234",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_24_3689234_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who among the public first knew about the object in the image?",
        "context": "Chinese Hospital Says Dissident Liu Xiaobo Too Ill to Travel\nSHENYANG, BEIJING \u2014\u00a0\nThe hospital treating Chinese dissident Liu Xiaobo says he is too ill to travel overseas for treatment, saying the Nobel Prize Laureate is in critical condition.\nThe hospital said Liu's blood pressure is falling and he has an increasingly swollen stomach and partial intestinal obstruction and other complications. Liu was recently moved to the First Hospital of China Medical University in Shenyang from jail after he was diagnosed with late-stage liver cancer.\nIn 2009, he was sentenced to 11 years in prison for \u201cinciting subversion of state power,\u201d after helping write a petition known as \u201cCharter 08\u201d that called for political reforms in China.\nSince news of his terminal illness surfaced and he was released on medical parole under tight security, calls for his treatment abroad have been building. \nOn Sunday, two foreign doctors who met with Liu said he could be moved abroad safely for treatment and that he wanted to go to either Germany or the United States.\nThe doctors added any move needs to happen soon. But it appears likely China will not budge.\nMonday, China's Foreign Ministry continued to ask other countries \u201crespect its sovereignty\u201d and said speaking out about Liu's treatment overseas is \u201cinterference in its internal affairs.\u201d\nVideo clips of China\u2019s jailed Nobel Peace laureate Liu Xiaobo, left, as he lays on a bed at a hospital and, right, Liu saying wardens are taking good care of him, are displayed on a computer screen in Beijing, June 29, 2017.\nFamily's communication blocked\nRights groups say Liu's wife, Liu Xia and his relatives have been allowed to be with him, but are not allowed to communicate with the outside world.\nThe Hong Kong-based Information Center of Human Rights and Democracy reports Liu's elder brother Liu Xiaoguang and his wife recently visited the hospital to check on the ailing dissident's condition. But for days, the police have kept the couple under tight watch, and they have not been able to reach out to others. The couple was also pressured to sign a statement endorsing the opinion of Chinese doctors that \u201cit is unsafe to move Liu\u201d abroad, the group said.\nChina also appears to be trying to use the internet to forward its narrative. Recently there have been postings on YouTube that include video footage only authorities in China could have. \nOne clip includes video of interviews with Liu talking about his treatment, and meeting with his wife Liu Xia. There are also shots apparently of him exercising in prison taken from surveillance cameras.\nSunday, a user by the name of China Anti-Evil Cult posted a short 31 second video clip of a meeting between foreign doctors and Chinese medical experts. In the clip a Chinese doctor asks, \u201cIs there any treatment that you can do that we cannot?\u201d\nAfter the question is asked, however, there is an obvious splice in the clip and then a German doctor responds by saying, \"I don't think we can do better than you in Germany. But I can speak for Germany. I don't think we can do better medically than you do, you do very well.\"\nVideo released by the Chinese government showing foreign doctors at Liu's bedside:\nrenderExternalContent(\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/Q3GCn9jWDJE?&&fs=1\")\nBut in a statement Sunday, the position doctors took was in sharp contrast with the message of the video. Joseph M. Herman of the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center and Markus Buechler of the University of Heidelberg said, \u201cWhile a degree of risk always exists in the movement of any patient, both physicians believe Mr. Liu can be safely transported with appropriate medical evacuation care and support.\"\nGermany protests\nAnother video was circulated online of the doctors around Liu Xiaobo's hospital bed, triggering a protest from the German embassy in Beijing. \nThe German embassy called it a breach of doctor-patient confidentiality. It said Dr. Buechler had protested having video and audio recordings made of his visit with Liu. \"It seems that security organs are steering the process, not medical experts,\" the embassy said. \"This behavior undermines the trust in the authorities dealing with Mr. Liu's case, which is vital to ensure maximum success of his medical treatment.\"\n Authorities have strengthened security around the hospital, including a neighboring hotel.\n Monday, VOA discovered a hand-written memo on the hotel's front desk and note to the hotel's staff that said, \"Effective immediately, no one including reporters shall be given rooms facing the hospital or on a high floor. Only rooms on a low floor or in the opposite direction are available.\u201d \nA written note shows no rooms available for media if they request upper level hotel suites facing the hospital where Liu Xiaobo is receiving medical treatment. (Y. Bing/VOA)\nDuring the past few days, a VOA Mandarin service reporter and his news assistant trying to reach family members in Shenyang have been harassed, questioned and followed by unidentified men. \nOn Saturday a group of men who claimed to be hospital security guards surrounded them as they were trying to shoot video of the hospital's exterior. The men said they were not allowed to shoot video, and they were enforcing the law, but did not provide any identification. \nTwo VOA crew members are confronted by men July 8, 2017, near the hospital in Shenyang, China, where Nobel Laureate Liu Xiaobo is receiving treatment for final-stage liver cancer. (Courtesy photo by Hong Kong media)\nThe men grabbed the VOA journalists' arms and tried to drag and push them away. The VOA correspondent was hit repeatedly on his arm, receiving a bruise on his wrist. The news assistant's arm was also bruised as they were pushed and dragged around. The men also tried to take their cell phones and camera. In the shuffle, the camera and a pair of headphones were damaged.\nThis report from Shenyang and Beijing originated on VOA Mandarin. VOA reporter Hai Yan in Washington and journalist Joyce Huang contributed additional material.\n",
        "caption": "A written note shows no rooms available for media if they request upper level hotel suites facing the hospital where Liu Xiaobo is receiving medical treatment. (Y. Bing/VOA)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/AAF6C9B6-7CA6-42F8-8034-342780C53A63.jpg",
        "id": "22979_3",
        "answer": [
            "VOA"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "written note"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_10_3935735",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_10_3935735_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "How many other people are like those in the middle of the image?",
        "context": "Amnesty: Egyptian Politician Among Those Arrested for Criticizing Sissi \nFormer Egyptian presidential candidate Khaled Ali and other political activists were arrested amid a clampdown on opposition activists ahead of the upcoming 2018 election, according to Amnesty International. At least 36 people in 17 cities were jailed, some in connection with comments they posted online about the elections.\n\"The presidential elections are not scheduled to take place until 2018, yet the Egyptian authorities seem intent on preemptively crushing any potential rivals to maintain their grip on power,\" said Najia Bounaim, Amnesty International's campaigns director for North Africa. \nAli, a prominent human rights lawyer, faces trial Monday for \"violating public morals.\" The charge is related to an image of Ali, which shows him celebrating among his supporters with arms spread wide, outside the High Administrative Court after winning a case that reversed a government decision to turn over control of two islands in the Red Sea to Saudi Arabia. Ali's lawyer, Negad al Borei, told Amnesty International that he was accused of making physical gestures \"that violate public morals.\"\nIf Ali is convicted, he could face up to two years in prison, a fine of 5,000-10,000 EGP ($250-$550), or both.\nFILE - In this photo provided by Egypt's state news agency MENA, Egyptian President Abdel-Fattah el-Sissi, addresses parliament in Cairo, Feb. 13, 2016.\n\"Khaled Ali's arrest and prosecution was clearly politically motivated,\" Bounaim said. \"The Egyptian authorities must drop the absurd charges he is facing and end the smear campaign against him.\"\nAli, who ran in Egypt's 2012 presidential election, has implied that he may run against current President Abdel Fattah el-Sissi in 2018. Ali and other political activists have been critical of Sissi on social media and other online platforms, resulting in backlash from Egyptian authorities.\nIn almost 30 cases, members of Egypt's National Security Agency broke into activists' homes early in the morning, detaining them for hours then questioning them without the assistance of their lawyers. The charges included accusations of \"insulting the president\" via social media and \"misusing social media platforms.\"\n\"The wide-scale and coordinated nature of the crackdown against political activists makes it even more chilling,\" Bounaim said. \"The authorities are shamelessly using the draconian counterterrorism law to round up young political activists for social media posts merely criticizing President Abdel Fattah el-Sissi.\"\nIn the 2014 Egyptian presidential election, Sissi won almost 97 percent of the vote against his lone opponent, Hamdeem Sabahi. During the run-up to that election, the opposition to Sissi saw aggression and the erratic arrests of Sabahi's supporters.\nThe Egyptian parliament has been discussing enacting a controversial bill that would require users of social media sites, such as Facebook and Twitter, to register with the government before being able to use the sites. Unwarranted use of those sites could result in prison sentences of up to six months and up to a 5,000 EGP ($250) fine.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Egyptian lawyer and former presidential candidate Khaled Ali points to photos of jailed activists who were arrested during protests over two disputed Red Sea islands, June 22, 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/15028D65-719E-4785-A0D3-3FB6C5422E16.jpg",
        "id": "4683_1",
        "answer": [
            "At least 36 people",
            "At least 36 people in 17 cities were jailed, some in connection with comments they posted online about the elections."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "jailed",
            "Khaled Ali"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_24_3869922",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_24_3869922_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the material in the image harvested from?",
        "context": "Report: Chinese Demand for Elephant Ivory Drops\nNAIROBI, KENYA \u2014\u00a0\nThe price of ivory in China has dropped sharply as the country plans to end the legal trade in ivory later this year, a leading elephant conservation group said in a new report Wednesday.\nChinese demand for tusks has been driving African elephants toward extinction, experts say. The Chinese government in recent years has taken steps to stop the trade in ivory, which is used for ornamentation and souvenirs. China's ivory factories are to be shut down by Friday, followed by the closing of retail outlets by the end of this year.\nThe new report surveys the price of ivory in markets across China between 2014 and early this year. It found the price dropped from $2,100 per kilogram in early 2014 to $730 in February.\nConservationists say tens of thousands of elephants have been killed in Africa in recent years as demand for ivory in Asia, particularly China, increased. Past estimates of Africa's elephant population have ranged from 420,000 to 650,000. Some conservationists estimate that up to 20,000 elephants are killed by poachers every year to meet demand.\n\"This is a critical period for elephants,\" said Iain Douglas-Hamilton, president and founder of Save the Elephants, which carried out the research.\n\"With the end of the legal ivory trade in China, the survival chances for elephants have distinctly improved. We must give credit to China for having done the right thing by closing the ivory trade. There is still a long way to go to end the excessive killing of elephants for ivory, but there is now greater hope for the species.\"\nOther factors behind the drop in the price of ivory include an economic slowdown in China resulting in fewer people being able to afford luxury goods, and a crackdown on corruption that has dissuaded business people from buying expensive ivory items as \"favors\" for government officials, the new report says.\n\"Findings from 2015 and 2016 in China have shown that the legal ivory trade especially has been severely diminished,\" said Lucy Vigne, a researcher with Save The Elephants. The 130 licensed outlets in China gradually have been reducing the quantity of ivory items on display for sale, and recently have been cutting prices to improve sales, the report says.\nBy 2015, some of China's main licensed retail ivory outlets were closed at the time of the researchers' visit due to slow sales. In other cases, vendors were replacing elephant ivory displays with mammoth ivory dug out of the Russian tundra.\nChina continues to be the largest consumer of mammoth ivory, whose price also has dropped from $1,900 per kilogram in 2014 to $730 this year, the report said.\nWildlife authorities in Kenya, the main conduit of ivory smuggling in the region, welcomed the news of a price reduction in China.\n\"Once they don't have an appetite for ivory it will no longer be attractive to kill elephants. We are hopeful that China will meet this deadline (to ban the ivory trade) and we will see our elephant populations restored in the parks,\" said Patrick Omondi, the deputy director in charge of species at the Kenya Wildlife Service.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Confiscated ivory statues stand in front of one of around a dozen pyres of ivory, in Nairobi National Park, Kenya, April 28, 2016. A leading elephant conservation group said Wednesday, March 29, 2017 that the price of ivory in China has dropped as the country moves toward a ban on the legal trade of ivory this year. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/CFA3EE2E-924F-4DD0-8F48-86953B3963C7.jpg",
        "id": "24762_1",
        "answer": [
            "elephants"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "ivory"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_29_3786930",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_29_3786930_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in the middle of the image receive?",
        "context": "World Leaders Congratulate Macron for French Presidential Election Win\nWorld leaders and other political heavyweights have sent congratulatory messages to France\u2019s president-elect, Emmanuel Macron on his victory over Marine Le Pen.\nU.S. President Donald Trump tweeted \"Congratulations to Emmanuel Macron on his big win today as the next President of France. I look very much forward to working with him!\"\nTrump had not publicly endorsed either candidate ahead of the election, but let it be known he generally favored Marine Le Pen's views.\nFormer U.S. presidential candidate Hillary Clinton, American civil rights leader Jesse Jackson and New York mayor Bill de Blasio, among others, congratulated Macron and the people of France for the presidential election result.\n\u201cYour victory is a victory for a strong and united Europe and for French-German friendship,\" German Chancellor Angela Merkel's spokesman said in statement.\nMacron spoke with Merkel after his victory was announced, telling her that he would travel to Berlin \u201cvery quickly.\u201d\nA British spokesman for Prime Minister Theresa May said in a statement that May \u201cwarmly congratulates President-elect Macron on his election success. France is one of our closest allies and we look forward to working with the new President on a wide range of shared priorities.\"\nMay also discussed Brexit with Macron, saying \"the UK wants a strong partnership with a secure and prosperous EU once we leave,\" the spokesman added.\nEuropean Union leaders also offered congratulations to Macron: \"Happy that the French chose a European future,\" European Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker wrote on Twitter.\nEU Council President Donald Tusk said the French had chosen \"liberty, equality and fraternity\" and \"said no to the tyranny of fake news\".\nJapanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe said \"the victory of President-elect Macron is a symbolic victory against inward-looking and protectionist moves and shows a vote of confidence in the EU.\"\nChinese President Xi Jinping said in his message to Macron that China is willing to push partnership with France to a higher level. Xi said their countries share a \"responsibility toward peace and development in the world.\"\nXi recalled that France was the first Western power to establish diplomatic relations with communist-ruled China in 1964.\nOther world leaders from Canada to Latin America to Australia also congratulated Macron on his historic victory.\nMacron, the youngest French leader since the Emperor Napoleon, will take office on May 14, 2017.\n",
        "caption": "Emmanuel Macron, center, waves as he leaves the polling station after casting his ballot in the presidential runoff election in Le Touquet, France, May 7, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/9D8CB364-27F8-45AF-A802-70C4540F6B72.jpg",
        "id": "18391_1",
        "answer": [
            "congratulatory messages",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Emmanuel Macron"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_08_3842122",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_08_3842122_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who is the former group of the people in the image targeting as it collapses?",
        "context": "UN Envoy: Somalia's Presidential Election Must be Free of Fraud\nThe U.N. envoy to Somalia is warning against corruption, as the country\u2019s electoral body begins to register candidates for the February 8 presidential election.\nSpeaking exclusively to VOA from New York, Ambassador Michael Keating said it\u2019s very important to have a free and fair election.\n\u201cUnfortunately corruption is a big feature in Somali society, and the election has shown that ... because of the concerns about the parliament process and the use of vote-buying, it\u2019s incredibly important that this state of process be done freely and fairly and the abuse be minimized,\u201d Keating said.\n\u201cWe need a president who is seen as legitimate because, otherwise, all the issues that need to be tackled in the coming years will be much more difficult,\u201d he warned.\nConsequences\nThe envoy said there would be consequences if the presidential election is marred by malpractice. \n\u201cIf the president is elected on a basis which is seen as illegitimate,\u201d he said, \u201cthen there will be consequences in terms of the willingness and the ability of the international community to work with that president.\u201d\nThe envoy said the U.N. will also consider how Somalis view the electoral process. \n\u201cIf Somalis see the next president as having been elected on the basis of a flawed process,\u201d he said, \u201cthen his ability to work with the federal member states or parliament will be compromised, if not undermined.\u201d\nMore than 15 candidates, including the current president and his prime minister, are vying for the position of the president. The U.N. envoy said he met most of them and was encouraged by the fact that most of them are thinking about what Somalia needs, if it\u2019s going to progress in terms of peace and stability.\nFILE - Former members of the militant group al-Shabab are held inside the prison in Garowe, Puntland state in northeastern Somalia, Dec. 14, 2016. Al-Shabab claimed responsibility for the shooting death of a Puntland senior official, Dec. 20, 2016.\nAl-Shabab attacks and its threat to the election\nKeating said the militants\u2019 attacks in the runup to the election is \u201cworrisome, but they have not been able to disrupt the electoral process,\u201d he said. \u201cThey are a threat to members of parliament who need to be in Mogadishu in order to participate in the presidential election.\n\u201cBut Somalia security forces together with AU (African Union) troops are working to provide security for the voting locations,\u201d he added.\nKeating said the militants have shown they have the capability to kill civilians, but that does not indicate they are gaining momentum.\n\u201cOften when insurgencies are weakening, they tend to go for high profile attacks to demonstrate that they are relevant ... they are not gaining strength, but if anything I would believe that these attacks alienate people from al-Shabab,\u201d he said.\nFILE - A Somali refugee drives his donkeys at Kobe refugee camp, 60km (37 miles) from Dolo Ado, near the Ethiopia-Somalia border.\nDrought worsens in Somalia\nThe U.N. envoy to Somalia said U.N. relief agencies have huge programs in Somalia to support farmers and other drought-affected people to provide access to food and water. \u201cOne of the things I am doing in New York and will be doing at the U.N. Security Council is to underscore the imperative of raising more funds for drought response, so we are putting our political weight behind this,\u201d he said.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Former members of the militant group al-Shabab are held inside the prison in Garowe, Puntland state in northeastern Somalia, Dec. 14, 2016. Al-Shabab claimed responsibility for the shooting death of a Puntland senior official, Dec. 20, 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F382E242-B7F1-4ACC-BC8F-8F3472BEB507.jpg",
        "id": "28658_2",
        "answer": [
            "high profile"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "al-Shabab"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_27_3695142",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_27_3695142_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What will the place in the image be getting?",
        "context": "First Deadline Passes for Companies to Build Border Wall\nThe first phase of what is expected to be a lengthy and costly process to build additional segments of wall along the southwestern U.S. border ended as the deadline expired Tuesday afternoon for companies to pitch their ideas to the government.\nThe bidding process was to build 3-by-3-meter (10-by-10-foot) prototypes -- some made of concrete, some of any other type of material -- in San Diego, that the government will now evaluate for potential use along parts of the border, which stretches from southeast Texas to southwest California.\nThe government said it will spend two weeks selecting up to 20 competitors for a second round of competition for each type of wall. More than 400 companies showed interest in bidding, and several may win the chance to build the prototypes.\nPhase two\nIf the schedule outlined by U.S. Customs and Border Protection is not delayed, the second phase will begin in mid-April, with companies submitting cost analyses and more specific design plans.\nConstruction on the prototypes could begin in June, according to bid documents.\nThe specifications for the wall indicate new portions could be as low as 5 meters or as high as 9 meters (18 feet and 30 feet) -- \"physically imposing in height,\" and resistant to people chipping away at it, CBP described in a notice to interested contractors.\nThe process began in mid-March, pushed by President Donald Trump, who campaigned regularly on the idea of building a wall along the border. Fencing, walls, surveillance towers and other barriers -- including natural, rugged terrain -- already exist.\nThe overall length of the wall segments to be added to the border remain unclear. But they must be resistant to climbing and take more than 30 minutes to bore through, according to bid documents -- enough time for border agents to locate the attempted breach.\nThey should also be \"aesthetically pleasing in color\" on the north, U.S.-facing side, the document specifies.\nOther solutions\nIn a Congressional hearing Tuesday, two former CBP officials and a Texas professor testified before the Senate Homeland Security Committee about border fencing in the Southwest; they agreed with several senators that a wall is not the only solution to illegal migration across the border.\n\"There is not a one-size-fits-all for the border,\" said David Aguilar, former acting commissioner of the U.S. Customs and Border Protection.\nHe advocated for increased resources for CBP in the area, while Terence Garrett, a professor from the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, advocated for improving conditions in the so-called northern \"triangle countries\" -- Honduras, El Salvador and Guatemala -- to curb the number of aspiring migrants traveling north.\nThe ongoing bid process focuses exclusively on the wall, but Ron Colburn, former deputy chief of the U.S. Border Patrol who also worked on the Arizona-Mexico border, told senators Tuesday that border security combines multiple techniques that change depending on what area is in question.\n\"Without tactical infrastructure, it's too weak. Without the right amount of manpower, it's too weak. And without the right mix of technology, it's too weak,\" Colburn said. \"The links in the chain have to be equally strong. And it has to be the right mix.\"\n\"It's not going to be the same in San Diego as in Rio Grande Valley, South Texas,\" he added.\nPaying for the wall\nTrump promised to make Mexico pay for the wall, a proposal that country rebutted. Instead, the administration has requested that Congress approve $1.5 billion this year to start building a wall.\nEstimates for the overall cost of adding miles of wall to the border are as high as $21.6 billion, according to a Reuters estimate, and that funding will require congressional approval.\nAdditionally, the government faces continued legal wrangling along the border to secure the land, often from private owners, to build additional barriers.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A member of the U.S. border patrol inspects the area where the border fence separating Mexico and the United States is interrupted, on the outskirts of Tijuana, Mexico, Feb. 21, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/2AE41C6A-C549-4D17-BF95-78EB685A0F66.jpg",
        "id": "21717_1",
        "answer": [
            "additional segments of wall",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "U.S. border",
            "the area where the border fence separating Mexico and the United States is interrupted, on the outskirts of Tijuana, Mexico"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_04_3796264",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_04_3796264_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who was the person with the flowers in the image compared to?",
        "context": "The Center Holds in France\nLONDON \u2014\u00a0\nIn the run-up to the first round of the French presidential elections comparisons were drawn invariably between ideological bedfellows Donald Trump and National Front leader Marine Le Pen. But the rise of the centrist Emmanuel Macron also shares some similarities with Trump\u2019s capture of the White House \u2014 at least when it comes to having the skill to fire up an army of enthusiastic volunteers, many of whom had not previously been active in politics.\nFrench centrist presidential candidate Emmanuel Macron, center, leaves his apartment, in Paris, April 24, 2017.\nMacron\u2019s rise \u2014 he topped the poll in yesterday\u2019s first round featuring eleven candidates \u2014 is an object lesson for Europe\u2019s centrist politicians in how to combat the populism of the right. The continent's centrists of both left and right were quick to congratulate Macron, with even the German government throwing caution to the winds and wishing him luck in the second round of voting.\nChancellor Angela Merkel\u2019s official spokesman Sunday wished Macron \u201call the best\u201d and the German Foreign Minister, Sigmar Gabriel, also hailed the results putting Macron ahead of Le Pen. \u201cI'm sure he will sweep away the far-right, right-wing populism and the anti-Europeans in the second round,\" Gabriel said in a Tweet.\nFrench far-right leader Marine Le Pen celebrates with supporters while holding a bouquet of flowers at her election day headquarters in Henin-Beaumont, northern France, April 23, 2017.\nLike Trump, Macron has never been elected to anything. The 39-year-old former investment banker and briefly socialist economy minister \u2014 he was appointed to the post by outgoing French President Francois Hollande \u2014 has gone from being a rank outsider to the favorite to win the French presidency in the run-off next month against Le Pen.\nNaysayers dismissed Macron\u2019s bid when it launched as a \u201cchampagne bubble\u201d that would quickly burst. It hasn\u2019t. In less than a year the progressive maverick, who bills himself as \u201cneither left nor right,\u201d has rapidly built up his party En Marche! (Onwards!). It now boasts 250,000 members \u2014 twice the size of France\u2019s establishment Socialist Party.\nFILE - Emmanuel Macron, head of the political movement En Marche !, or Onwards !, and candidate for the 2017 French presidential election, speaks during a Paris news conference to unveil his budget manifesto, March 2, 2017.\nSince 1958, when the Fifth Republic was established by French wartime leader Gen. Charles de Gaulle, no independent candidate without electoral experience, has come near to securing the \u00c9lys\u00e9e Palace.\nMacron may be chalk to Trump\u2019s cheese when it comes to ideology: he\u2019s pro-globalization, pro-free trade deals, pro-EU and welcoming of immigrants. But like Trump and Europe\u2019s populist right-wingers, Macron has benefited from rising public anger toward the establishment party machines. Macron on the campaign trail promised a \u201cdemocratic revolution\u201d to upset a hidebound French political system and has been every bit as dismissive of the old party dogmas as Le Pen.\nWhen challenged on his government inexperience in the wake of the terrorist shooting on the Champs-Elys\u00e9es last week, Macron parried that he\u2019d prefer not to have any, judging by the ineffectiveness of experienced politicians in France in recent decades.\nA bullet hole is pictured on a shop window on the Champs Elysees boulevard in Paris, April 21, 2017.\nMuch of his campaign has been built on the excitement of his followers as well as his own character. They have flocked to stadium rallies and organized thousands of small-scale gatherings at caf\u00e9s and bistros around the country to debate policies and to engage doubters.\nRegardless of whether the reforms they push are for more free trade and deregulation or protectionism and nationalism, those who position themselves as outsiders benefit from public disdain of the elites, as both Macron and Le Pen did on Sunday, humbling the country\u2019s established parties of left and right. But whereas Le Pen\u2019s challenge comes from the nationalist fringe, Macron has mounted a populist insurgency from the center of French politics.\nSupporters of far-right candidate Marine Le Pen, celebrate in Henin-Beaumont, northern France, after exit poll results of the first round of the presidential election are announced, April 23, 2017.\nIn France, the establishment parties went to their radical wings to pick their presidential contenders, leaving Macron an opening in the middle. His supporters may be different from Trump\u2019s \u2014 they are more white collar, metropolitan and educated \u2014 but like Trump\u2019s followers they, too, have grown tired of the old party dogmas that have failed to provide stability and security.\n\u201cIn France, Britain, the Netherlands, Austria and the U.S. the same people \u2014 blue- and white-collar workers, intermediate occupations and farmers \u2014 are joining the populist revolt,\u201d according to Christophe Guilluy, author of The Twilight of Elite France (Le cr\u00e9puscule de la France d\u2019en haut). \u201cThe rift between the global market\u2019s winners and losers has replaced the old right-left split,\u201d he argues.\nMacron\u2019s electoral trick has been to persuade enough of the losers \u2014 mainly white-collar but to a greater extent than predicted blue-collar voters as well \u2014 that he has some pragmatic policies that will provide answers to the challenges facing France, from streamlining the pension system, freeing many households from housing tax and reducing government charges and fees and cutting back on regulations and bureaucratic red tape.\nNow in the second round two very different stark views will be presented for voters to pick from: Macron\u2019s more inclusive and cheerful view of a France that has the confidence to remain open to Europe and trade and welcomes new immigrants and those already in the country, and a more traditional view of France presented by Le Pen that points to rampant globalization as a danger to the country\u2019s culture, jobs and security.\nVictory will largely be determined by how France\u2019s traditional working-class casts its vote.\n",
        "caption": "French far-right leader Marine Le Pen celebrates with supporters while holding a bouquet of flowers at her election day headquarters in Henin-Beaumont, northern France, April 23, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F911A70D-A2E4-4FB8-B6C0-C3A9F1C58986.jpg",
        "id": "26997_3",
        "answer": [
            "Donald Trump"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Marine Le Pen"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_24_3822940",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_24_3822940_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What other regions are in support of the protestors in the photo ",
        "context": "Thousands of Venezuelans Demonstrate in Caracas Streets \nCARACAS, VENEZUELA \u2014\u00a0\nThousands of Venezuelans poured into the main streets of Caracas on Wednesday, with rival camps demonstrating support for and against President Nicolas Maduro and his socialist policies.\nTwo Venezuelan students and a National Guard sergeant died after being shot during protests, according to Reuters.\nThe deaths mean eight people have now been killed during protests in Venezuela this month.\nU.S. response\nIn Washington, administration officials are worried the Venezuela government is working to suppress the opposition.\n\"We are concerned that the government of Maduro is violating its own constitution and is not allowing the opposition to have their voices heard, nor allowing them to organize in a way that expresses the views of the Venezuelan people,\" U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson said Wednesday at the State Department.\nDemonstrators clash with riot police during the so-called \"mother of all marches\" against Venezuela's President Nicolas Maduro in Caracas, Venezuela, April 19, 2017.\n\"We are concerned about that situation. We're watching it closely and working with others, particularly through the OAS [Organization of American States] to communicate those concerns to them,\" Tillerson added in a brief press conference.\nOne protester, Helma Mendoza, said she joined \"the mother of all marches,\" organized by leaders of the center-right political opposition, because of Venezuela's tattered economy and the resulting strain on her family and the broader society.\n\"I am motivated by the hunger that we are going through \u2026 [and] for those who are dying in hospitals for lack of medicines,\" she told VOA.\n\"We are living in a dictatorship, we are living in oppression,\" opposition protester Karina Ivone said. \"This cheating government has betrayed us, the people, the children in the family.\"\nBut Yoneici Paredes, a youth leader supporting Maduro, took a different view: \"Today, this youth is convinced that socialism is the way \u2026 for us to build Venezuela's power and the message is to contribute our grain of sand to be a better country in Venezuela.\"\nCounter march\nMaduro rallied his supporters to participate in a counter march, and thousands turned out Wednesday wearing red clothing that marked them as Chavistas.\n\"Today, the entire Venezuelan population comes out to ratify its support for the Bolivian revolution\" and its \"loyalty to supreme commander Hugo Chavez,\" one man in a red cap and T-shirt told VOA.\nChavez launched the leftist movement carried on by Maduro, who succeeded him as president in 2013. \nIn recent protests, security forces have fired rubber bullets and tear gas, as well as using a water cannon.\nThe demonstrations erupted after the Venezuelan Supreme Court's March 30 announcement that it would strip the opposition-controlled National Assembly of its legislative powers. The court \u2014 stacked with appointees of Maduro and Chavez \u2014 reversed its position in the wake of domestic and international outcries about an attempted power grab.\nOpposition demonstrators clash with riot police during the so called \"mother of all marches\" against Venezuela's President Nicolas Maduro in Caracas, Venezuela, April 19, 2017.\nMaduro's opponents converged Wednesday on central Caracas to pressure his administration to respect the assembly's autonomy, schedule long-delayed elections, free political prisoners and restore other democratic norms.\nUnidad Venezuela, a coalition of opposition parties, also organized marches in each of the country's 24 states. In addition, a demonstration took place at the Venezuelan embassy in Washington.\nEconomic pressures\nThe National Socialist Party has ruled Venezuela for 17 years. Economic pressures have mounted in recent years, especially since the price of oil \u2014 Venezuela's chief export \u2014 began falling in 2014. Venezuelans face chronic, severe shortages of food, medicine and other basics in what once was Latin America's wealthiest country.\nWednesday's mass protest fell on a significant date for Venezuelans: On April 19, 1810, Venezuelans began their quest for independence from Spain.\nIn recent days, Maduro ordered troops to fan out around the country on high alert, and he encouraged his backers, including civilian militia members, to defend against alleged plans to overthrow his government.\n\"Do not hesitate for a second,\" he urged Monday.\nThe U.S. State Department issued a statement Tuesday warning that the \"international community\" would join in any Venezuelan response to the \"criminal repression of peaceful democratic activity.\"\nThe statement, by spokesman Mark Toner, urged nonviolent demonstrations. \"We deplore the use of violence against unarmed protestors,\" it said.\nMaduro rejected the statement, saying the State Department had, in essence, announced a coup against Venezuela. \"Whoever wants to see the script written to generate violence, death \u2026 read the statement. There is the plan,\" he said.\nOn Monday, 11 Latin American countries, including Brazil, Argentina and Mexico, called on Venezuela's government to respect the constitutional right to peaceful protest.\nOn Tuesday, the Venezuelan Penal Forum, a nongovernmental organization, said security forces in the country have carried out 538 arrests since early April. It said that as of Monday, 241 people were being detained. It also reported multiple instances of torture and cruelty to detainees.\nVOA\u2019s Nike Ching from the State Department contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "Demonstrators clash with riot police during the so-called \"mother of all marches\" against Venezuela's President Nicolas Maduro in Caracas, Venezuela, April 19, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/9847F47E-B6DE-49B0-8F24-4996BEE59803.jpg",
        "id": "6900_2",
        "answer": [
            "11 Latin American countries, including Brazil, Argentina and Mexico"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Latin American countries"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_19_3817432",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_19_3817432_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who controls the group that the man in the center of the image leads?",
        "context": "Venezuelan Opposition Calls for General Strike\nVenezuela's opposition has called a daylong general strike for Thursday, hoping to pressure President Nicolas Maduro into calling off plans for a new constitution.\nThe opposition is launching what it says is a \"final offensive\" on Maduro to call for early presidential elections.\nIn a nonbinding national referendum Sunday organized by opposition groups, more than 7 million Venezuelans \u2014 nearly one-third of the national electorate \u2014 called on Maduro to give up the idea of electing a special assembly to put together a new constitution.\nPresident Donald Trump said late Monday the United States will take \"strong and swift economic actions\" if Maduro goes through with his plans.\n\"The Venezuelan people again made clear that they stand for democracy, freedom and the rule of law,\" the U.S. president said in a statement. \"Yet their strong and courageous actions continue to be ignored by a bad leader who dreams of becoming a dictator.\"\nFILE - Venezuela's President Nicolas Maduro, left, speaks during a gathering in support of him and his proposal for the National Constituent Assembly in Caracas, Venezuela, June 27, 2017.\nMaduro brushes off opposition\nMaduro called the opposition referendum illegal and is continuing to push ahead with plans for a July 30 vote for the special assembly.\nChanging the constitution is the only way to pull Venezuela out of its deep economic and social crisis, the president said.\n\"I'm calling on the opposition to return to peace, to respect the constitution, to sit and talk,\" he said Sunday. \"Let's start a new round of talks, of dialogue for peace.\"\nThe opposition says the assembly will be rigged in Maduro's favor. It says rewriting the constitution is nothing but a Maduro ploy to dissolve state institutions and turn Venezuela into a socialist dictatorship, leaving the opposition-led national Assembly irrelevant.\nShortages in shops and lack of rights\nOne voter who rejects the idea of a new constitution told The Associated Press: \"There's no medicine, no food, no security. ... No separation of powers, no freedom of expression.\"\nLower global energy prices and government corruption have destroyed Venezuela's once-thriving economy, which is dependent on oil revenues.\nConsumers face severe shortages of basic goods such as gasoline, flour, sugar and cooking oil. Supermarket shelves are bare and many Venezuelans cross into neighboring Brazil and Colombia to buy food.\nDaily street protests against the government frequently blow up into violence. Nearly 100 people have been killed over the last three months.\nMaduro blames his country's woes on what he calls U.S. imperialism. He warns against intervention by the Organization of American States, saying that would surely bring on civil war.\n",
        "caption": "Freddy Guevara, center, first Vice-President of the National Assembly and lawmaker of the Venezuelan coalition of opposition parties (MUD), talks to the media during a news conference in Caracas, Venezuela, July 17, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B2DA6624-31A2-4B17-9B0C-5EBCE6B0A02A.jpg",
        "id": "33105_1",
        "answer": [
            "the opposition"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "National Assembly"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_17_3947043",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_17_3947043_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person on the other end of the phone in the image trying to do?",
        "context": "Analysis: Afghan Talks Reflect Russian Moves to Expand Global Influence\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nWith the Trump administration still stitching together its foreign policy, priorities and staff, Russia seems intent on expanding its once-shrunken sphere of influence by exploiting gaps in America's overseas presence.\nIt's been a globe-spanning effort, with Russian leader Vladimir Putin using muscle in places like Ukraine and Syria and offering sweeteners to potential allies that he hopes will pay off later. The focus is on countries that have shaky ties with Washington, are strategically located or have abundant natural resources.\nA key issue is how Putin's relationship with new President Donald Trump will pan out. Can two cocky personalities truly be allies against common foes like Islamic State, which could usher in a new era of cooperation? Are the distrust and animosity that festered during the Cold War too much to overcome? And will there be long-term fallout over Russia's efforts to bolster Trump's election campaign?\nFILE - President Donald Trump speaks on the phone with Russian President Vladimir Putin, Jan. 28, 2017, in the Oval Office at the White House in Washington.\nRussia's influence, which rivaled that of the United States during the Cold War, faded dramatically after the fall of communism and the breakup of the vast Soviet Union. But under Putin, it has sought to re-establish itself in an effort that has stretched from the North Sea to Antarctica.\nIn its latest initiative, Russia seeks to transform itself from an erstwhile warmonger in Afghanistan, during its failed decade-long invasion, into a peacemaker.\nOn Wednesday, Moscow hosted a second-round of peace talks on the resource-rich country. Afghanistan, Pakistan, Iran, India and China were invited. The United States was conspicuously left out, despite its ongoing military intervention to repel Islamic terrorists and put Afghanistan solidly on the road to stability.\nCommon enemies\nAfghanistan watchers in the region say Moscow wants to play a more active role closer to home after its actions in Syria.\n\"Russia has created a role for itself in the Middle East, particularly in Syria, and has carried out effective operations against Daesh [Islamic State],\" said Rahimullah Yousafzai, a noted Pakistani journalist who has written extensively on Afghanistan and the Taliban.\nFILE - Boxes of ammunition are seen inside a Russian aircraft at the International Kabul Airport, Afghanistan, Feb. 24, 2016. Afghan officials took delivery of 10,000 automatic rifles and millions of rounds of ammunition as a gift from Russia.\n\"Russia will definitely be part of negotiations for peace or cease-fire\" in Syria, Yousafzai told Voice of America's Deewa Pashto service. \"Now it seems Russia wants to be included in any consultations in the neighborhood, and they seem to have been successful to a great extent.\"\nThe United States, China and Russia have interests in Afghanistan, some of which might pit them against one another. But Yousafzai said fighting against Islamic State could potentially be a common cause.\n\"I think they can be each other's allies in the fight against Daesh,\" Yousafzai said, using a common Arabic name for the group.\nControversial friends\nHowever, Russia has forged ties with Afghanistan's rebel Taliban movement, seeing them as an ally against Islamic State, and that has put it at odds with Washington. Moscow claims it's just trying to foster peace; the U.S. says Russia's aid is helping the Taliban to wage its war against the U.S.-backed government in Kabul.\nRussia's intervention in Afghanistan may be driven in large part by its desire to stop the spread of Islamist extremism through the Muslim Central Asian states and the flow of narcotics from poppy-producing Afghanistan, said Sami Yousafzai, an Afghan correspondent who has been reporting for several international media organizations.\nBut the landlocked country also is strategically located, which was a major factor in Russia's 1979 invasion.\nCozying up to Moscow might not yield the Taliban the benefits of international legitimacy or consideration as a political force within Afghanistan because Russia does not have a very influential global role and has angered many Sunni-Muslim states in the Middle East with its support for Shi'ite Iran, said Sami Yousafzai, who is not related to Rahimullah Yousafzai.\nFILE - An Afghan policeman walks past a bloodstained wall after Taliban fighters stormed a government compound in Kandahar province, July 9, 2014.\n\"If Taliban want to be recognized as a political power at the international level, if they want to have a political stand, they need to have backing by the U.S. and NATO,\" he said.\nBroad interests\nThe interest in Afghanistan only scratches the surface of Moscow's interest and mirrors China's aggressive efforts to build up its presence in the South China Sea. Some see the possibility of limited cooperation between Moscow and Beijing to counterbalance U.S. influence. Both have been taking advantage of a relatively hands-off approach to foreign policy in some areas under former President Barack Obama.\nRussia has been accused of political meddling across the Balkans, reportedly countering U.S. interests to the point of disruption.\nMoscow donated weapons and other military hardware a year ago to the Pacific nation of Fiji, which has been developing new allies after being isolated by sanctions for its military coup in 2006.\n\"It strikes me that we could see, in 10 or 15 years, regular visits by Russian naval ships to Suva,\" Paul Buchanan, director of 36th Parallel Security Assessments, told The Guardian. \"And perhaps in 20 years, China and/or Russian being granted forward basing rights in Fiji.\"\nRussia also has been cultivating a relationship with Libya, which could lead to cooperation with Washington or could develop into a point of conflict. And Moscow has been bolstering its presence as far away as Antarctica, which is believed to have vast stores of natural resources, while pursuing interests in the Arctic as the melting icecap provides access to previously blocked areas.\nVOA's Deewa Pashto Service contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - President Donald Trump speaks on the phone with Russian President Vladimir Putin, Jan. 28, 2017, in the Oval Office at the White House in Washington.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/737FFA73-4FF5-4FEB-AAF1-A19AE7185530.jpg",
        "id": "4852_2",
        "answer": [
            "using muscle in places like Ukraine and Syria and offering sweeteners to potential allies",
            "using muscle in places like Ukraine and Syria and offering sweeteners to potential allies that he hopes will pay off later"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Vladimir Putin"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_17_3729391",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_17_3729391_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the man in the image announce?",
        "context": "EU Parliament President Calls for Friendly Post-Brexit Relations\nThe president of the European Parliament said Europe needs to be pragmatic in dealing with Britain following the country's decision to leave the bloc, but urged cooperation in future dealings.\n\u201cThe U.K. will leave the European Union not Europe. This is important to pave the way also for good relations after the separation,\u201d Antonio Tajani, the EU Parliament's President said Thursday at a gathering of European leaders in Brussels.\nEU leaders opened a two-day summit Thursday in Brussels to address everything from Britain's planned exit, along with terrorism, migration and other issues facing Europe.\nEuropean Council President Donald Tusk, right, reaches out to shake hands with British Prime Minister Theresa May prior to a bilateral meeting on the sidelines of an EU summit in Brussels, June 22, 2017.\nMay looks to future\nBritish Prime Minister Theresa May told reporters prior to the summit she was looking forward to constructive negotiations. She said the talks Thursday would focus on the way British citizens living in the EU and EU citizens living in Britain will be affected by Britain's exit.\n\u201cToday I'm going to be setting out some of the U.K.'s plans particularly on how we propose to protect the rights of EU citizens and U.K. citizens as we leave the European Union,\u201d May said.\nEuropean Union chief Donald Tusk said the remaining 27 EU nations are ready to choose new locations for the Europe-wide agencies currently headquartered in Britain.\nBritish Prime Minister Theresa May, right, speaks with from left, French President Emmanuel Macron, Luxembourg's Prime Minister Xavier Bettel and German Chancellor Angela Merkel before a round table meeting at an EU summit in Brussels, June 22, 2017.\nFrance to work with Germany\nFrench President Emmanuel Macron vowed to work together with Germany to relaunch the European project as member-states argued over how to manage refugees after Britain leaves the union.\n\u201cEurope is not, to my mind, just an idea. It's a project, an ambition,\u201d he said, noting that France is working \u201chand-in-hand\u201d with Germany to implement the refugee resettlement plan.\nTajani, in his opening remarks, called it \u201cvital\u201d that Europe devise a solution to the current migration crisis affecting Europe. He said Europe needs to do more to stem the tide of migrants traveling to Europe from sub-Saharan Africa through Libya.\n\u201cSo we've got to strengthen the stability of Libya and help this country as the prime minister asked yesterday, but also act in sub-Saharan Africa,\u201d he said.\n",
        "caption": "European Council President Donald Tusk, right, reaches out to shake hands with British Prime Minister Theresa May prior to a bilateral meeting on the sidelines of an EU summit in Brussels, June 22, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/A6B2C802-C56F-4078-8825-03BFF9BFFDB0.jpg",
        "id": "20799_2",
        "answer": [
            "the remaining 27 EU nations are ready to choose new locations",
            "None",
            "the remaining 27 EU nations are ready to choose new locations for the Europe-wide agencies currently headquartered in Britain"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Donald Tusk"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_22_3912018",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_22_3912018_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What actions have the same punishment as the man in the white top",
        "context": "Gay Men Publicly Caned in Indonesia\nReligious police in Indonesia publicly caned two men Tuesday for having consensual gay sex.\nThe men received more than 80 lashes each, inflicted by hooded men inside a mosque in the city of Banda Aceh as hundreds of people watched, many of them recording the scene on mobile phones.\n\"The convicts will be returned to their family after being caned publicly as the caning is considered a social sanction,\" Yusnardi, head of the Sharia police force in the conservative province of Aceh, told reporters. \"Hopefully it will be a deterrent for people not to do anything against Islamic law\".\n\u201cFlogging sentences and the criminalization of same sex relations are both flagrant violations of international human rights law,\" Amnesty International\u2019s Deputy Director for Southeast Asia and the Pacific Josef Benedict said. \"The international community must put pressure on Indonesia to create a safer environment for the LGBTI community before the situation deteriorates further. Nobody should be punished for consensual sex.\u201d\nThe two men were arrested in March after local residents who suspected they were gay broke into their rented room and found them having sex.\nHomosexuality is not illegal in Indonesia, but Aceh, the most conservative province in the Muslim-majority country, introduced anti-homosexuality laws in 2014.\nTuesday's public caning marked the first application of the law; however, hundreds were also caned for offenses including gambling, drinking alcohol, and women wearing tight clothing in 2016.\n",
        "caption": "Shariah law official whips one of two men convicted of gay sex during a public caning outside a mosque in Banda Aceh, Aceh province, Indonesia, May 23, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F54DAD59-F4A1-4A74-9F82-82645D4A6A6C.jpg",
        "id": "2995_1",
        "answer": [
            "gambling, drinking alcohol, and women wearing tight clothing"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "caning"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_23_3867074",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_23_3867074_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the man in the image think that disagreed with a predecessor in his field?",
        "context": "This Day in History: Famed Physicist Albert Einstein is Born in 1879\nOn this day in 1879, famed physicist Albert Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany.\nBest known for his theories of relativity, Einstein would toil alone with his obsessive queries of the universe for years in the Swiss patent office before gaining international recognition by winning the Nobel Prize for physics in 1921.\nSpace and time and E = mc 2\nIn 1905, Einstein addressed what he termed his special theory of relativity. In special relativity, time and space are not absolute, but relative to the motion of the observer. \nIn other words, Einstein posited that the universe was not static, but instead, expanding. \nThus, two objects traveling at great speeds with regard to each other would not necessarily observe simultaneous events in time at the same moment, nor agree on their measurements of space. He theorized that the speed of light, which is the limiting speed of any body having mass, is constant in all frames of reference.\nrenderExternalContent(\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/Xo232kyTsO0?&&fs=1\")\nHe expanded on this theory, searching for a mathematical equation that could calculate his belief that mass and energy were equivalent. Einstein famously created that equation, known as E = mc 2.\nGeneral relativity\nIn 1916, he published The Foundation of the General Theory of Relativity, which proposed that gravity, as well as motion, impact time and space. \nAccording to Einstein, gravitation is not a force, as his longtime scientific hero Isaac Newton had argued; rather, Einstein believed gravity was a curved field in the space-time continuum, created by the presence of mass. \nA total solar eclipse occurs over Svalbard in the Arctic Ocean, March 20, 2015.\nAn object of very large gravitational mass, such as the sun, would therefore appear to warp space and time around it, which could be demonstrated by observing starlight as it skirted the sun on its way to earth.\nIn 1919, astronomers studying a solar eclipse confirmed Einstein\u2019s general theory of relativity, propelling him to instant celebrity. \nAlbert Einstein writes out an equation for the density of the Milky Way on the blackboard at the Carnegie Institute, Mt. Wilson Observatory headquarters in Pasadena, Calif., on Jan. 14, 1931.\nAs a world-renowned public figure, he became increasingly political, taking up the cause of Zionism and speaking out against militarism and rearmament.\nIn his native Germany, this made him an unpopular figure. After Nazi leader Adolf Hitler became chancellor of Germany in 1933, Einstein renounced his German citizenship, freeing him from military service, and left the country. He later moved to the United States and became a U.S. citizen.\nThe atom bomb\nIn 1939, despite his lifelong pacifist beliefs, he agreed to write to President Franklin D. Roosevelt on behalf of a group of scientists who were concerned with American inaction in the field of atomic-weapons research. \n\u201cThe important thing is not to stop questioning; curiosity has its own reason for existing.\" Albert Einsten\nLike the other scientists, he feared sole German possession of such a weapon.\nHe played no role in the subsequent Manhattan Project and later deplored the use of atomic bombs against Japan.\nAfter the war, he called for the establishment of a world government that would control nuclear technology and prevent future armed conflict.\nLater in life, he worked on a unified field theory, which he never completed to his or other scientists\u2019 satisfaction.\nEinstein died on April 18, 1955, in Princeton, New Jersey. In 1999, Time magazine named him Person of the Century.\nAlbert Einstein, whose theories on space, time and matter helped unravel the secrets of the atom and of the universe, was chosen as \"Person of the Century\" by Time magazine on Dec. 26, 1999.\n",
        "caption": "Prof. Albert Einstein is shown a few days before his 70th birthday in his home in Princeton, N.J., in March 1949.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D75169A1-1835-4637-BFE9-5789168C5296.jpg",
        "id": "30301_1",
        "answer": [
            "gravitation is not a force"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Einstein"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_14_3764911",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_14_3764911_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person with long hair in the image bring up?",
        "context": "Germany Poised to Mount More Raids on Turkish Imams Accused of Spying\nTensions are increasing between Berlin and Ankara over claims that Turkey has been using Islamic preachers in Germany to spy on supporters of Fethullah Gulen, the U.S.-based cleric who President Recep Tayyip Erdogan accuses of orchestrating last July\u2019s failed coup against him.\nGerman police raided the homes last week of four imams suspected of collecting information on members of Gulen\u2019s religious movement. Authorities say the spying in Germany by clerics paid by the Turkish government is part of a broader espionage effort likely extending to other European countries, including neighboring Austria, with imams hiding behind religion to conduct espionage on behalf of Ankara.\nAn official with the federal prosecutors\u2019 office told VOA further raids couldn\u2019t be ruled out.\nFILE - Turkish protestors hold a banner reading 'Gulen infiltrers the state also in Germany' during a demonstration in Cologne, Germany, July 31, 2016.\nCall for dismissal of DITIB-affiliated imams\nThe deputy chairman of the German Chancellor\u2019s Christian Democratic party, Armin Laschet, called this week for the dismissal of all imams affiliated with the Turkish-Islamic Union for Religious Affairs (DITIB), Germany's largest Islamic umbrella group, which is tied to the Turkish government's Directorate of Religion, or Diyanet.\n\u201cWe want an Islamic religious instruction, but it must be independent of a foreign state in the long term,\u201d said Laschet. The association oversees 900 mosques in Germany and their imams are selected by the Diyanet with their salaries paid by the religious authority.\nDITIB said in a statement it will assist German federal prosecutors, but it has pointed out the raids have been on the private homes of imams and that the organization itself has not been targeted by police.\n\"The raids of private apartments of Muslim clerics have led to anger within the Muslim community,\" DITIB warned in a statement posted on the organization\u2019s web site. \u201cEspecially, since DITIB is intensively helping clarify the accusations since they first surfaced.\u201d\nFILE - U.S.-based cleric Fethullah Gulen at his home in Saylorsburg, Pa., July 29, 2016.\nOfficials with Germany's domestic intelligence agency said that 13 imams affiliated with DITIB sent the names of alleged Gulen followers to the Diyanet. Germany\u2019s justice minister, Heiko Maas, warned in a statement following the raids: \u201cWhoever uses Islam as a cover for espionage cannot rely [for protection] on the freedom of religion,\" he said.\n\u201cIf the suspicion that some DITIB imams were spying is confirmed, the organization must be seen, at least in part, as a long arm of the Turkish government,\u201d he added.\nAccording to German federal prosecutors, last week\u2019s raids in the German states of North Rhine-Westphalia and Rheinland-Palatinate are part of an investigation triggered by a September order from Diyanet instructing imams to supply Turkey\u2019s diplomatic missions with information on Gulen supporters and sympathizers.\nOn a visit to Ankara in February, German Chancellor Merkel raised the issue, saying after a meeting with Turkey\u2019s prime minister that \u201cIf we have problems, for example with the Gulen movement, and Turkey has information about that, then our security authorities must discuss that with each other.\u201d\nFILE - Turkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, right, meets with German Chancellor Angela Merkel at the Presidential Palace in Ankara, Turkey, Feb. 2, 2017.\nOther countries concerned\nIn neighboring Austria, lawmakers also are raising concerns about the activities of imams working in the country and paid for by Ankara. Green lawmaker Peter Pilz has accused the Erdogan government of operating a \u201cglobal spying network,\u201d and he claims to have documents showing the espionage extends across Europe and Asia.\nIn December, the Turkish government recalled its religious attache in the Netherlands after the Dutch government protested his role in collecting information on Gulen followers from 145 mosques.\nThe Dutch protest was prompted by a Diyanet report submitted to a commission of Turkish lawmakers tasked with investigating last July\u2019s military coup attempt against President Erdogan. The report was loaded with references to intelligence supplied by imams from 38 countries about the activities of the Gulen movement.\nIn Scandinavia the activities of Turkish imams is attracting the attention of rights groups. The Stockholm Center for Freedom (SCF) has documented several cases since July\u2019s coup attempt of what it sees as intimidating behavior by imams linked to Diyanet. It has highlighted the Facebook postings of Yusuf Yuksel, the general secretary of the Oslo-based Den Tyrkisk Islamske Union (Turkish Islamic Union), who has called on Turks living in Norway to spy on Gulen followers.\nThe Stockholm Center alleges some Turks living in Norway have had their Turkish passports revoked by Ankara as a consequence of profiling and intelligence activities by Turkish imams.\nIn the wake of the German raids, the chief of the Turkish Presidency of Religious Affairs, Mehmet Gormez, acknowledged some imams had \u201cexceeded their authorities\u201d and six have been recalled by Ankara. But he has dismissed accusations imams had been instructed to act as spies.\nSenior Turkish officials have reacted angrily to the espionage allegations. On Friday, Turkish Foreign Minister Mevlut Cavusoglu criticized Berlin for allowing followers of what he termed the \"Gulenist Terror Group\" to live in Germany.\n\"It is not acceptable that they have found a place for themselves in a country like Germany,\" he told reporters.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Turkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, right, meets with German Chancellor Angela Merkel at the Presidential Palace in Ankara, Turkey, Feb. 2, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/70F7B714-4957-48E3-B36A-5E1667B2E5E4.jpg",
        "id": "29118_4",
        "answer": [
            "the Gulen movement"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Merkel"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_01_3745252",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_01_3745252_4"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the man on the right feel about Russia",
        "context": "Mattis Rules Out Military Collaboration with Russia\nUnited States Secretary of Defense Jim Mattis on Thursday ruled out any military collaboration between the US and Russia, saying that the conditions just aren't correct \"right now.\"\n\"We are not in a position right now to collaborate on a military level. But our political leaders will engage and try to find common ground,\" Mattis said during a news conference at the NATO headquarters in Brussels.\nBefore military cooperation takes place, Russia must \"prove itself\" able to comply with international law, Mattis said.\nWATCH: Mattis on Russia-US relations \nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nMattis: US Will Not Work Militarily with Russia\nShare this video\n0:00:40\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:40\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 1.7MB\n360p | 2.0MB\n480p | 10.6MB\nMattis' comments come after Russian Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu said Moscow is \"ready to restore cooperation with the Pentagon.\"\nPresident Donald Trump praised Russian leader Vladimir Putin during his campaign and since he's been in office, and expressed interest in restarting cooperation between the two countries. The United States halted military cooperation with Russia in 2014 after Russia annexed Crimea from Ukraine.\nIslamic State \nTrump has, in the past, said he would like to cooperate with Moscow in the fight against Islamic State.\nMattis, speaking at a meeting of NATO's counter-IS coalition, said he didn't think the fight against IS would end quickly, but added the United States would like to speed up the multinational campaign against the group.\nWhen asked about the option of sending U.S. ground troops into Syria, Mattis said he hadn't yet had enough time in office to form a plan and he wants to confer with allies before moving forward.\n\u201cOnce I get current\u2026we\u2019ll carve out where we want to go and at that point I can give you a much more steady answer. Right now I would be concerned with giving you kind of a half-baked one,\u201d he said.\nU.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff Chairman Gen. Joseph Dunford is set to meet with his Russian counterpart, Gen. Valeriy Gerasimov, in Azerbaijan later Thursday to discuss the status of current U.S.-Russia military relations.\nDealing with cyber-attacks\nOn the second day of the NATO ministers meeting Thursday in Brussels, NATO Secretary-General Jens Stoltenberg said they will discuss ways to combat increasingly common cyber-attacks against governments.\n\"Today, we will take further steps to bolster our defense. We will review progress on the deployment of our four multinational battle groups in the eastern part of the alliance. We will also address how to better counter cyber-attacks, which are becoming more frequent and complex, and we will discuss the threat from hybrid warfare and how to make our societies more resilient. So we will continue to adapt our alliance to keep our nations safe,\" Stoltenberg said.\nMattis expressed confidence in NATO's ability to deal with the threat from cyber-attacks, and said his colleagues responded well to his message the previous day about sharing the financial burden in defense spending.\n\"We thoroughly discussed the increased threats facing our alliance, and unified by the threats to our democracies I found strong alliance resolve to address these growing threats,\" he said.\nTrump and Mattis have strongly urged other NATO nations to shoulder the financial burden of the organization.\nIn July, then-presidential candidate Trump caused shudders across Europe when he suggested the United States might not defend NATO allies who did not spend their share on defense.\nDefense budgets\nOn Wednesday, Mattis warned NATO ministers Washington would \"moderate its commitment\" to the alliance if allies do not commit a minimum of two percent of their GDP to their defense budgets.\n\"America will meet its responsibilities, but if your nations do not want to see America moderate its commitment to the alliance, each of your capitals needs to show its support for our common defense,\" Mattis reportedly told the ministers Wednesday during a closed-door meeting.\nMattis did not say how Washington might alter its commitments to the 28-member alliance.\nAmong the five NATO members that meet the commitment are Greece, which pays nearly 2.5 percent, and Poland, Estonia and Britain pay just above the expected two percent. On the other end of the spectrum, Germany falls below at 1.19 percent and most, including Canada, Italy, and Spain, also fall below the mark. 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        "caption": "Chairman of the Military Committee, Gen. Petr Pavel, center, speaks with U.S. Secretary of Defense Jim Mattis, right, during a meeting at NATO headquarters in Brussels, Feb. 16, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/A19A557C-FB54-4761-918A-A185B0630E09.jpg",
        "id": "3571_1",
        "answer": [
            "ruled out any military collaboration between the US and Russia"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Jim Mattis"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_16_3727029",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_16_3727029_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What are the people in the image trying to do?",
        "context": "Kurdish Officials: Turkish Movements in N. Syria Threaten Raqqa Operation \nSyrian Kurdish officials say Turkey's shelling of Kurdish militias in northwestern Syria and its troops' mobilization in the border region are preparation for a full-fledged military assault on northern Syria, which could impede U.S.-backed operations to rout Islamic State from its de facto capital, Raqqa.\nFollowing intense, cross-border Turkish artillery attacks and military deployments near northwestern Syria's Afrin region since last week, Nasser Haj Mansour, a senior military adviser to the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF), told VOA that Turkish military actions were a \"declaration of war\" that could push thousands of U.S.-backed fighters to leave the battlefield in Raqqa and respond to developments in the border region with Turkey.\n\"Members of the Army of Revolutionaries and YPG who are fighting in the operation for Raqqa will leave that battlefield to defend their homes in Afrin,\" Mansour told VOA. \"This will be a serious setback for the ongoing operation on Raqqa.\"\nFILE - Free Syrian Army fighters gesture in Jarablus, Syria, Aug. 31, 2016.\nThe Army of Revolutionaries is a predominantly Arab armed group allied with the Kurdish YPG, also known as the People's Protection Units. The two Syrian groups, along with several other local militias, have formed the SDF, which is supported by the U.S.-led coalition in its Raqqa operation.\nThe SDF has made advances in Raqqa since the start of the operation last month. It has encircled the city and breached a strategic wall surrounding the last redoubt of IS defenders in Raqqa's Old City neighborhoods.\nTurkey opposes the role of the main component of the SDF \u2014 the Kurdish YPG \u2014 alleging that the group is a terrorist organization linked to Kurdish separatists inside Turkey, known as the PKK. Turkey, the United States and the European Union have designated the PKK as a terrorist group for its decades-long autonomy push against the Ankara government in Turkey's southeast.\nAnkara was outraged by a U.S. decision in May to supply arms to the YPG in preparation for the Raqqa operation.\nFILE - A general view shows the Kurdish city of Afrin, in Aleppo's countryside, Syria, March 18, 2015.\nTurkey: 'We are protecting ourselves'\nThe Turkish government has said its recent military movements in northwest Syria are legitimate measures in response to attacks from the YPG forces in the Afrin region.\n\"This is not a declaration of war. We are making preparations against potential threats,\" Turkish Deputy Prime Minister Numan Kurtulmus told the Reuters news agency on Wednesday. \"It's ... a legitimate measure so that we can protect our independence. We cannot remain silent against those sending missiles from Afrin.\"\nTurkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan also said on Wednesday that Turkey was ready to carry out ground operations against the YPG if needed.\n\"If there is a threat against us, our troops will conduct any operations with the Free Syrian Army on the ground,\" he told France 24 television.\nTurkish artillery has pounded YPG positions in northern Syria several times in the past. To counter the YPG's growing influence and prevent its aspirations for Kurdish autonomy in Syria, Turkey also has supported efforts by several Arab and Turkmen militia groups, part of the rebel Free Syrian Army (FSA), to gain control of a large swath of land in northern Syria.\nKurdish fighters from the People's Protection Units (YPG) run across a street in Raqqa, Syria, July 3, 2017.\nKurdish officials say recent Turkish attacks are coming in support of plans by FSA opposition groups to control Afrin.\nThe YPG has not disclosed whether it suffered casualties from the Turkish shelling, but sources in the Afrin region told VOA that three civilians had been killed and dozens more wounded in the attacks.\nKhalil Sabry, an administrator at a hospital in Afrin, told VOA that dozens of civilians from villages situated along the Turkish border had been hospitalized with injuries suffered in the attacks.\n\"We had to call on civilians to donate blood as the number of injured civilians increased on Tuesday,\" Sabry added.\nOne woman, 47, and her two children, 14 and 12, died from the overnight shelling on Tuesday, he said.\nThe Britain-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, an activist-run monitoring group, also confirmed that Tuesday's attacks had hit more than a dozen villages in the region.\nThe casualties prompted thousands of people to march on streets of Afrin on Wednesday, condemning the attacks and pleading for international intervention.\nWATCH: Widespread Demonstrations Held in N. Syria to Protest Turkish Shelling\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nWidespread Demonstrations Held in N. Syria to Protest Turkish Shelling\nShare this video\n0:01:00\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:00\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 2.7MB\n360p | 4.5MB\n720p | 25.3MB\n1080p | 19.1MB\nU.S. perspective\nIn the past, the U.S. has intervened to ease tensions between its two allies when conflict started to surge. The U.S. military began patrolling along the Turkey-Syria border in April to prevent direct confrontations between the two sides.\nU.S. officials say their focus is on defeating IS in Syria and Iraq, and that they expect their allies to all be on the same page. The U.S. says it expects transparency over possible Turkish incursions in the region.\n\"Our position with regard to that has been fairly consistent with Turkey, which is that the fight in Syria is a complicated one and we need to be in very, very close coordination with our allies, including with Turkey, in terms of what happens there,\" a senior U.S. official, speaking on condition of anonymity because of government protocols, said in a news briefing Wednesday about U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson's visit to Istanbul on July 9.\nThe official said the U.S. wants to remain in close contact with Turkey on developments in northern Syria and \"reinforce our message to them that any action that they take or we take needs to be done in full transparency with the rest of the coalition to make sure that there are no surprises, and that we're working toward the same goal.\"\n",
        "caption": "This frame grab from video released July 4, 2017, and provided by Furat FM, a Syrian Kurdish activist-run media group, shows U.S.-backed Syrian Democratic Forces fighters in the eastern side of Raqqa, Syria. The SDF forces have breached the wall around Raqqa's Old City, the U.S. military said.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/2E3783BA-86AD-4ECC-A730-339E305F8DC1.jpg",
        "id": "4563_1",
        "answer": [
            "to rout Islamic State from its de facto capital, Raqqa",
            "run across a street in Raqqa, Syria"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Kurdish fighters",
            "U.S.-backed"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_06_3931520",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_06_3931520_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the woman in the image do?",
        "context": "Britain's May Meets with Victims of Deadly High-rise Blaze \nBritish Prime Minister Theresa May met at her Downing Street office Saturday with survivors of this week's deadly high-rise fire, a day after being chastised by protesters and as the death toll continued to rise.\nMay, who is facing mounting criticism for her response to Wednesday's west London fire that killed at least 58 people, left hundreds of others homeless and dozens missing, met for 2\u00bd hours with a delegation of family members.\nWATCH: Death toll increases to 58\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nDeath Toll in London Fire Rises to 58\nShare this video\n0:01:20\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:20\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 3.9MB\n360p | 6.0MB\n480p | 30.0MB\nDetails were not disclosed, but an unidentified group spokesman said members had given May their \"demands and expectations\" and that a full statement would be made only \"in the community, with the community.\"\nThe death toll that London police gave Saturday includes the 30 who had already been confirmed dead.\n\"There are 58 people who we have been told were in Grenfell Tower on the night that are missing and, therefore, sadly, I have to assume that they are dead,\" Commander Stuart Cundy told reporters at a news conference. He said the number, based on reports from the public, could rise.\nFirst victim identified\nSixteen bodies have been removed from the blackened, 24-story public housing unit, and the first victim was formally identified as Mohammed Alhajali, 23, a Syrian refugee.\nIf at least 58 deaths are confirmed, the blaze would be London's deadliest since World War II.\nBritain's Prime Minister Theresa May, center, speaks with firefighters after arriving at Grenfield Tower in London, June 15, 2017, following a deadly fire in the apartment block.\nBefore meeting with the survivors, May chaired a \"cross-government\" meeting at her office \"to ensure everything possible is being done to support those affected\" by the tragedy, a spokesman said.\nThe meeting came one day after May was chastised by protesters as she visited near the scene of the blaze. She faced cries of \"coward\" and \"shame on you\" as police restrained angry crowds, following accusations of avoiding local residents during a visit to the area Thursday.\nMaintenance issue cited\nSurvivors of the building claimed the fatal fire resulted from a lack of maintenance to the tower. They also complained that May's visit to the neighborhood was too slow and that support was lacking for those who lost relatives and homes.\nCundy said the police investigation would look into the building's 2016 refurbishment and promised to prosecute \"if there is evidence.\"\nFILE - In this June 14, 2017 file photo, smoke rises from a 24-story high-rise apartment building on fire in London.\nCriticism of May intensified Friday after she sidestepped questions in a televised interview about whether she had underestimated the public's anger and frustration.\nIn addition to fire and police investigations into the inferno, May has promised to hold public hearings. She has also pledged $6.4 million in support to the residents and promised that those who lost their homes would be relocated within three weeks.\nThe prime minister is still reeling from a botched snap election that resulted in her Conservative Party's loss of its majority in Parliament.\n",
        "caption": "Britain's Prime Minister Theresa May, center, speaks with firefighters after arriving at Grenfield Tower in London, June 15, 2017, following a deadly fire in the apartment block.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/98FE92B0-FE9F-406B-B6C1-4525F704EBAD.jpg",
        "id": "6809_2",
        "answer": [
            "met for 2\u00bd hours with a delegation of family members",
            "pledged $6.4 million in support to the residents and promised that those who lost their homes would be relocated within three weeks."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Theresa May",
            "May"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_17_3904621",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_17_3904621_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What nations make up the organization of the people in the image?",
        "context": "BRICS Meeting Highlights Climate Change, Trade, Terrorism\nBEIJING \u2014\u00a0\nClimate change, trade and terrorism were highlighted Monday at a Beijing meeting of foreign affairs officials from Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa, known collectively as the BRICS nations.\nThe five nations are seeking to further align their views on key issues at a time when President Donald Trump is withdrawing the U.S. from multilateral arrangements such as the Paris climate accords and the Trans-Pacific Partnership trade deal.\nChinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi said China in the coming year would look to \u201cexpand with more broad and wide-ranging cooperation in areas such as trade and commerce and investment.\u201d\nTogether the BRICS countries account for roughly 40 percent of the world population and 20 percent of the global economy. All five countries are members of the G20, although their economic prospects have declined somewhat amid crises in Brazil and South Africa and the effect of sanctions lodged against Russia by the West.\nSouth African Foreign Minister Maite Nkoana-Mashabane pointed to climate change as a major concern.\n\u201cThere is one climate and for future generations we must employ every effort at our disposal to reverse the effects of climate change,\u201d she said.\nNkoana-Mashabane also pointed to the need to form joint efforts to fight terrorism, sentiments reflected by Vijay Kumar Singh, an Indian External Affairs official.\n\u201cIt is important to enhance BRICS security in counterterrorism matters,\u201d Singh said.\nLeaders of the five nations are due to meet for a summit in the southeastern Chinese city of Xiamen in September.\n",
        "caption": "South Africa's Foreign Minister Maite Nkoana-Mashabane, second from right, hugs China's Foreign Minister Wang Yi as Russia's Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov, left, and Brazil's Foreign Minister Aloysio Nunes stand before the opening of the BRICS foreign ministers meeting in Beijing, June 19, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B1232F26-693B-4DDD-A12D-D4CF8D31873A.jpg",
        "id": "1510_1",
        "answer": [
            "Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "BRICS"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_19_3906059",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_19_3906059_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person on the right of the image doing for support?",
        "context": "Turkey Says it Will Attack Syrian Kurdish Forces at Manbij\nISTANBUL \u2014\u00a0\nTurkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan has declared his nation's forces will liberate the Syrian town of Manbij from the Kurdish YPG and hand it back to local Arabs.\nAnkara accuses the YPG of being affiliated with the Kurdistan Workers Party, or PKK, which is fighting the Turkish state and is designated a terrorist organization by the United States and much of the international community.\nAny move, however, against Manbij threatens to put Ankara and Washington on a collision course. \u201cIt would put Turkey against American-supported forces who are fighting with America against ISIS,\u201d says political columnist Semih Idiz, of Al Monitor website. \u201cISIS is a major target for America at the moment and that would really be a disaster, as far as Turkish-American relations are concerned.\u201d\nManbij Syria\nAnalysts concerned\nThe Syrian Kurdish militia is a key part of the U.S.-backed SDF coalition marching on the so-called Islamic State's self-declared capital of Raqqa.\nAnalysts warn any attack on Manbij could compromise that operation, given that elements of the YPG would likely withdraw to defend Manbij.\nErdogan accuses Washington of reneging on its promise to ensure the YPG would withdraw after it liberated Manbij from Islamic State. The YPG insists it did withdraw and only local people are defending the town.\nSome experts are expressing alarm at the prospect of such a confrontation. \u201cIt does not make any sense at all, militarily, politically, ideologically, logically, does not make sense. I mean It is a built up area; why should the Turkish army move into this built up area and risking huge casualty rates; why?\u201d says former Turkish Brigadier General Haldun Solmazturk, who now heads the Ankara-based research group the 21st Century Turkey Institute.\nSupporters of President Tayyip Erdogan wave Turkish flags during the first hearing of the trial for soldiers accused of attempting to assassinate Erdogan during last year's failed July 15 coup, in Mugla, Turkey, Feb. 20, 2017.\nA political move?\nThe Turkish army has been hit with a series of purges within it ranks, since a failed coup in July, that are being cited as a factor into why the military remains bogged down after weeks of fighting to oust Islamic State from the town of al-Bab, which is much smaller than Manbij.\nThe failings of the Free Syrian Army, which Ankara originally planned to lead the fight against IS, is also cited as a factor behind the ongoing struggle in al-Bab. \u201cThe Free Syrian army itself did not prove capable of doing anything unless Turkish armed forces take the lead,\u201d said analyst Aydin Selcen, a former senior Turkish diplomat who served widely in the region.\nTurkish domestic politics could be behind an operation against Manbij.\n\u201cThey (Erdogan and his government) have made foreign policy so much a part of their domestic political calculations,\u201d observes International relations expert Soli Ozel of Istanbul's Kadir Has University. Erdogan is aware cracking down on the YPG plays well with Turkish nationalists whose votes he is courting in an April referendum to extend his presidential powers.\nOzel voiced concerns about overreach. \u201cI am not really sure they are aware, that circumstances have changed, that Turkey doesn't really look as strong as it used to be and its hand is not as strong.\u201d\nThe threat to move on Manbij could be a high stakes gamble in forcing Washington's arm. \u201cI personally don't think the Turkish side can move in that direction anyway,\u201d suggests columnist Idiz. \u201cI think they are looking for a negotiated deal with the American side, but whether this is possible is not clear.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "Turkish President Tayyip Erdogan, right, meets with U.S. Senator John McCain at the Presidential Palace in Ankara, Feb. 20, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/AA59D385-127A-4445-845A-F3BC5D2DF88A.jpg",
        "id": "32937_1_2",
        "answer": [
            "cracking down on the YPG"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Erdogan"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_20_3732399",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_20_3732399_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What organization did the vehicles who met and accompanied a vehicle like the one in the image belong to?",
        "context": "US Intercepts Two Russian Bombers Off Alaska's Coast\nThe U.S. military says it intercepted two Russian bombers in international airspace off Alaska's coast.\nNavy Commander Gary Ross, a Pentagon spokesman, said a pair of F-22 Raptor aircraft intercepted the Russian TU-95 Bear bombers on Monday.\nRoss said the intercept was \"safe and professional.\"\nNorth American Aerospace Defense Command monitors air approaches to North America and defends the airspace.\nFox News said Tuesday that the Russian planes flew within 100 miles (160 kilometers) of Alaska's Kodiak Island.\nIt said the American jets escorted the Russian bombers for 12 minutes. The bombers then flew back to eastern Russia.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A TU-95 strategic Russian bomber is in flight over Syria, from footage taken from the Russian Defense Ministry official website, Nov. 17, 2016. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/0C5F562F-57F3-43CF-96CB-1502EA709171.jpg",
        "id": "25351_1",
        "answer": [
            "Navy "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "TU--95"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_18_3815616",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_18_3815616_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What has the man in the image promised to his people?",
        "context": "Gang Violence Mounts in Cameroon's Economic Capital\nYAOUNDE, CAMEROON \u2014\u00a0\nCameroon's economic capital is cracking down on gang violence that has changed the lives of residents in many of Douala's neighborhoods.\nForty-five-year-old Ndjasso Pierre, who lives in New Bell, a popular neighborhood in Douala, says armed gangs started regular attacks when one of their members was accused of harassing citizens and killed by a crowd.\nHe said the assailants, who were previously attacking in groups of seven and eight, are now coming in larger numbers and targeting people inside their homes. He said the groups are signaling that they will continue attacks.\nPierre said the assailants attack using fire and locally made guns, machetes and knives.\nLittoral Governor Samuel Dieudonne Ivaha Diboua addresses gang violence during a meeting in Douala, March 16, 2017. (M.E. Kindzeka/VOA)\nSamuel Dieudonne Ivaha Diboua, governor of the Littoral region of Cameroon where Douala is located, said several people have died and hundreds wounded. He says hundreds have also been arrested by the military which was deployed to protect the population.\nDiboua said New Bell and other affected Douala neighborhoods will no longer be at the mercy of armed groups. He said people who know the network of traffickers supplying drugs to the armed groups should inform them that the military will have no mercy when it starts organizing spontaneous raids.\nResidents gather to discuss the recent gang violence in Douala, March 16, 2017. (M.E. Kindzeka/VOA)\nDouala has a population of about 3 million, a majority of whom are unemployed youths. Insecurity has always been present in the city, with broad daylight assaults, but this is the first time armed gangs have been in running battles with the military.\nThe military arrives in Douala for a night-time response to recent gang violence, March 16, 2017. (M.E. Kindzeka/VOA)\n",
        "caption": "Littoral Governor Samuel Dieudonne Ivaha Diboua addresses gang violence during a meeting in Douala, March 16, 2017. (M.E. Kindzeka/VOA)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/C00A7A52-B5BA-4C97-A5A3-F8D96C60B43E.jpg",
        "id": "22868_2",
        "answer": [
            "New Bell and other affected Douala neighborhoods will no longer be at the mercy of armed groups. "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Diboua "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_17_3770902",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_17_3770902_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the league the person on the right of the image intend to do?",
        "context": "International Donors Pledge $6 Billion in Syria Aid\nBRUSSELS \u2014\u00a0\nInternational donors pledged $6 billion in aid for war-ravaged Syria on Wednesday as the U.N. Security Council held emergency talks over a suspected chemical attack that killed dozens in a rebel-held province.\nDonors from more than 70 countries meeting at a conference on Syria in Brussels made a \u201ccollective pledge of $6 billion for this year alone,\u201d EU Humanitarian Aid Commissioner Christos Stylianides said. \nStylianides described the pledge - which appeared to approach the conference hosts' target - as \u201can impressive figure.\u201d\nSyria's \u201cneeds are massive. Our conference is sending a powerful message,\u201d he said. \u201cWe are not letting down the people of Syria.\u201d\nHowever, the good will at the meeting was shadowed by the chemical attack Tuesday in Idlib that killed 75 people.\nResponding to the grim news, U.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres appealed for Syria's warring factions and government backers such as Russia and Iran to bring an end to a six-year conflict that has taken the lives of almost 400,000 people.\n\u201cNobody is winning this war, everybody is losing,\u201d Guterres said. \u201cIt is having a detrimental and destabilizing effect on the entire region and it is providing a focus that is feeding the new threat of global terrorism.\u201d\nNearly half the Syrian population has been displaced by the violence, with millions seeking sanctuary in neighboring Lebanon, Jordan and Turkey, or heading further west to Europe. U.N. agencies estimate war damage across Syria so far at $350 billion, including physical destruction and the loss of economic activity. Four out of five people are living in poverty.\n\u201cBehind these figures lies a gradual draining of hope and a turn toward despair that we must reverse,\u201d Guterres said.\nWhile it was unclear who was responsible for the chemical attack, many fingers at the Brussels conference pointed toward Syrian President Bashar al-Assad.\nWorld \u2018has to do something\u2019\n\u201cThe world should not be shocked because it's letting such a regime do what it is doing. What should shock us is the increase of children dying and that the whole world is watching,\u201d Lebanese Prime Minister Saad Hariri said. \u201cEveryone is coming to Brussels to make a statement, and the regime made its statement in Syria.\u201d\nHariri said Lebanon has been overwhelmed by the arrival of some 1.5 million Syrian refugees and \u201ccannot sustain this issue anymore. The international community has to do something.\u201d\nGerman Foreign Minister Sigmar Gabriel noted that with the European Union divided over the refugee emergency, the bloc has failed to share responsibility for even a quarter of the 160,000 refugees that member countries promised to relocate from Italy and Greece. By contrast, Lebanon, Jordan and Turkey as shining examples, he said. \n\u201cThey've taken in an unbelievable number of refugees and they are relatively poor countries,\u201d Gabriel said. \u201cSometimes I'm ashamed looking at the European debate going on.\u201d\nThe aim of the conference, hosted by the EU with the United Nations, Britain, Germany, Kuwait, Norway and Qatar, was to drum up funds for Syria and the region and to support efforts to secure a lasting political solution to the war.\nThe long and onerous task of rebuilding Syria was also on the table, but no action will be taken until a political solution to the conflict is found.\nAmid concerns about donor fatigue, the EU hoped the event would generate financial support at the same levels of recent years. Last year's conference in London raised more than $12 billion in pledges - $6 billion for 2016 and a further $6.1 billion for 2017-20.\nAccording to U.N. relief coordinator Stephen O'Brien \u201cfor the immediate needs of 2017, we need about $8 billion,\u201d but he said that aid cannot reach those in need without a cease-fire.\n\u201cYou have to have access, you have to have security,\u201d he said. \u201cOnce we have the funds we can deliver the programs that save lives and help to seek to protect civilians.\u201d\nEU foreign policy chief Federica Mogherini said the bloc aims to remain the top humanitarian donor and is to provide 560 million euros in 2018 for Syria, Lebanon and Jordan. It is also providing up to six billion euros over the next few years to Turkey for Syrian refugees there.\n\u201cWe can start preparing the post-conflict. I know it sounds surreal, especially today. But if you want peace, you have to start building,\u201d she said.\n",
        "caption": "European Union foreign policy chief Federica Mogherini, right, and U.N. Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs Greg O'Brien, left, address a media conference at an EU Syria conference at the Europa building in Brussels, Belgium, April 5, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/E6C31E48-AE1E-4BD1-8023-265397EDEB65.jpg",
        "id": "30098_1",
        "answer": [
            "remain the top humanitarian donor "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Federica Mogherini"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_05_3797682",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_05_3797682_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What organization is the person on the left of the image supporting?",
        "context": "Trump Tweets Vindication After Former FBI Chief's Senate Testimony \nU.S. President Donald Trump took to Twitter Friday to claim \"total and complete vindication,\" one day after fired FBI director James Comey told lawmakers that Trump was not a target in the bureau's investigation into Russia.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;Despite so many false statements and lies, total and complete vindication...and WOW, Comey is a leaker!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/873120139222306817\\\"\\u0026gt;June 9, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nTrump fired Comey in May, saying \"this Russia thing\" was on his mind when he decided to dismiss the head of the nation's top law enforcement agency while Comey was leading its probe into Russia's alleged meddling in last year's election. In his tweet Friday, the president described Comey as \"a leaker.\"\nComey testified Thursday on Capitol Hill that he believed Trump was trying to get him to drop an investigation of Trump's former national security adviser, Michael Flynn, and that White House officials spread \"lies, plain and simple\" to cover up the reason behind Comey's dismissal.\n\"There's no doubt that I was fired because of the Russia investigation,\" Comey told lawmakers, referring to the widening probe of Russian influence on last year's U.S. presidential election, which American intelligence agencies have said was an effort by the Kremlin to help Trump defeat his Democratic opponent, former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton.\nWATCH: Comey on why he was fired \nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nComey on Firing: \u2018Shifting Explanations Confused, Concerned Me\u2019\nShare this video\n0:01:26\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:26\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 3.7MB\n360p | 4.5MB\n480p | 27.1MB\nComey's nearly three-hour testimony before the Senate Intelligence Committee was his first chance to speak in public about the meetings and conversations he had with Trump during the months before being fired.\nThe Russia probe \nComey said it was and still is the \"high confident judgment\" of the U.S. intelligence community that Russia interfered in the 2016 campaign. \"It's not a close call,\" he added.\nThe president's personal lawyer, Marc Kasowitz, told reporters immediately after the hearing that Trump \"never, in form or substance, directed or suggested that Mr. Comey stop investigating anyone.\"\nAfter Comey's abrupt and stunning dismissal last month, Trump and his aides at first said the action was necessary because the FBI was in disarray, and its director had lost the trust of his agents. Comey said Trump lied and defamed him by that story, and the president himself subsequently admitted the ongoing investigation of Russian influence on U.S. politics was his primary motivation for the firing.\nWATCH: Kasowitz on Trump's response to Comey testimony\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTrump Lawyer: Testimony Makes Clear President \u2018Never Sought To Impede' Investigation\nShare this video\n0:00:47\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:47\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 2.1MB\n360p | 2.5MB\n480p | 14.6MB\nComey's notes\nComey told how he made meticulous efforts to document his interactions with Trump, whose insistence on private meetings aroused the veteran prosecutor's suspicions. The FBI chief wrote detailed memoranda immediately after each of his talks with Trump, a measure Comey had never felt obligated to do with previous presidents, and kept those documents in government files.\nComey said he did not distribute his private notes to the attorney general -- the U.S. government's top legal official, who supervises the FBI -- because Trump's appointee to that post, former Senator Jeff Sessions, was about to recuse himself from the Russian investigation due to his own unpublicized meetings with senior Russian officials.\nWATCH: Comey on memorializing his meetings with Trump \nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nComey Wrote Memos Because Trump \u2018Might Lie About The Nature of Our Meeting\u2019\nShare this video\n0:00:54\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:54\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 2.5MB\n360p | 3.2MB\n480p | 20.2MB\nThe Justice Department later issued a statement saying that Sessions recused himself from the Russia probe only because he was involved in President Trump's campaign.\nThe president floated the notion that there was a recording of his most sensitive conversation with Comey, and that it would embarrass the FBI chief.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;James Comey better hope that there are no \\\"tapes\\\" of our conversations before he starts leaking to the press!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/863007411132649473\\\"\\u0026gt;May 12, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\n\"Lordy, I hope there are tapes,\" Comey said, because he felt his contemporaneous notes accurately reflected what happened. In fact, no tapes have surfaced.\nAmerican University professor of government Chris Edelson told VOA the president's remarks about a recording could be problematic for the president.\n\"Trump, after he fired Comey, tweeted, 'Comey better hope there aren't tapes' and that could be seen as an effort to intimidate a witness,\" Edelson said.\nHigh-level 'leak' made headlines\nComey testified he realized that a special counsel would have to be appointed to pursue the widening investigation of Russian influences on U.S. officials, so he took the extraordinary step of \"leaking\" some of his private notes -- passing them to a confidant at a university in New York, who relayed the information to a reporter for The New York Times.\nComey's highly unorthodox tactic worked, however, because a respected former FBI director, Robert Mueller, was named to head the probe of Russian influence on U.S. politics. Mueller's team has been given Comey's private notes, the ex-director said.\nAsked whether he felt Trump had obstructed justice by his actions since taking office this year, Comey deflected those queries, saying such questions should go to Mueller, the special counsel.\nObstruction of justice is a federal criminal and impeachable offense.\nIn his opening written statement, Comey recounted how at a White House dinner in January, shortly after Trump assumed power, the president told him, \"'I need loyalty, I expect loyalty.' I didn\u2019t move, speak or change my facial expression in any way during the awkward silence that followed. We simply looked at each other in silence.\"\nImmediately after the hearing, Kasowitz, Trump's lawyer, denied Trump ever \"directed or suggested\" that Comey end any investigation and cast Comey as one of the \"leakers\" determined to undermine the Trump administration.\nU.S. President Donald Trump (R) responds to a question as he meets with Romanian President Klaus Iohannis in the Oval Office at the White House in Washington, U.S. June 9, 2017.\nFacing the press\nTrump may face questions from the media for the first time when he holds a White House news conference Friday after meeting with the president of Romania.\nTrump and President Klaus Iohannis are expected to discuss a variety of issues, including trade and defense. At a Washington event hosted Wednesday by the conservative Heritage Foundation, Iohannis said, \"Security and defense remain a key component of the U.S.-Romanian strategic partnership.\"\nIohannis said Romania is \"a dependable ally\" that is \"doing its share\" to fulfill its obligations to NATO by spending at least 2 percent of its gross domestic product on defense, as Trump has demanded of all member countries.\nIn a speech Friday at the Department of Transportation, Trump announced the establishment of a new council \"to help project managers navigate the bureaucratic maze,\" capping what the White House has promoted as \"infrastructure week,\" a series of events that began Monday in Ohio when he announced plans to privatize the federal government's air traffic control system.\nThe council, Trump said, would improve transparency with a new online dashboard allowing the public to track the progress major infrastructure projects. The council would also impose \"tough, new penalties\" on federal agencies that miss deadlines.\nThe White House hopes the nation's infrastructure will be overhauled primarily through public-private partnerships. It has proposed funding the overhaul with $200 billion in tax breaks over nine years that would theoretically result in $1 trillion worth of construction.\nRebuilding the nation's infrastructure initially was believed to have been supported by Republican and Democratic lawmakers. But many Democrats are opposed to Trump's plans for financing the overhaul, arguing they would result in taxpayer-funded corporate profits, with the costs absorbed by consumers.\nThe president is scheduled to depart Washington Friday afternoon for Bedminster, New Jersey, where he will spend the weekend at the Trump National Golf Club.\n",
        "caption": "U.S. President Donald Trump (R) responds to a question as he meets with Romanian President Klaus Iohannis in the Oval Office at the White House in Washington, U.S. June 9, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/8C129C36-AB88-446F-95F0-0E22740E51A6.jpg",
        "id": "8117_2",
        "answer": [
            "NATO"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Klaus Iohannis",
            "Iohannis"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_09_3893593",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_09_3893593_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the place the people in the image belong to accused of doing?",
        "context": "EU Launches Legal Action Against Hungary, Warns Freedom Under Threat\nLONDON \u2014\u00a0\nThe European Union says it is taking legal action against Hungary over a new law that could force the closure of a foreign-owned university.\nThe Central European University in Budapest was founded by American-Hungarian billionaire George Soros after the fall of Communism. Hungary\u2019s government wants to impose tough new conditions on its continued operations.\nThe new law requires all foreign-owned universities in Hungary to have a campus in the country where they are certified. U.S.-certified CEU does not have a campus in the United States.\nWatch: EU Launches Legal Action Against Hungary\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nEU Launches Legal Action Against Hungary, Warns Freedom Under Threat\nShare this video\n0:02:52\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:52\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 8.0MB\n360p | 11.7MB\n720p | 80.9MB\nThe legislation has triggered street protests in the capital that have attracted 70,000 people.\nThe European Commission said Wednesday the new law was incompatible with the freedom to provide services and the freedom of establishment, as well as the right of academic freedom, the right to education and the freedom to conduct a business as provided by the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union. The Commission has sent a letter of formal notice to Budapest.\nEU commission President Jean-Claude Juncker, left, welcomes George Soros, Founder and Chairman of the Open Society Foundation, prior to a meeting at EU headquarters in Brussels on Thursday, April 27, 2017.\n\u201cA letter of formal notice is a first step towards infringement procedure but there is a time for Hungarian authorities to react to the letter of formal notice and then following the reactions the Commission will decide on further steps,\u201d EU Commission Vice President Valdis Dombrovskis said Wednesday.\nClaire Gordon, head of the London School of Economics Teaching and Learning Center and an expert on the EU role in eastern Europe, says Brussels appears to have run out of patience with Hungary.\n\u201cFor some years now Viktor Orban, the Prime Minister of Hungary, has been flying quite close to the democratic edge in his restrictions of the judiciary and the media. And it\u2019s interesting that with this attempt to close down the Central European University, this seems to have been a step too far.\u201d\nPrime Minister Orban claims the university is \"cheating\" because it issues diplomas accepted in the United States and in Hungary, thereby giving it an unfair advantage over local institutions. During debate Wednesday at the European Parliament, he denied targeting the CEU.\n\u201cThe university will continue its operations under all circumstances. This accusation is groundless, it has no basis in fact,\u201d he told EU lawmakers.\nOne of Orban\u2019s fiercest critics, EU Commission First Vice-President Frans Timmermans warned the freedom gained at the fall of Communism is under threat, \u201cProtecting their freedom, however, is now a common European task and we will have to fight for that,\u201d he said during the EU Parliament debate.\nBut there are doubts about whether Europe has the appetite to take on Hungary, says analyst Gordon.\n\u201cThe big challenge for the European Union is the reluctance of heads of state and heads of government, which sit on the European Council, to take action, which seems to discriminate between members.\u201d\nHungary has one month to respond to the formal EU notice. Protesters say they will stay on the streets until the university\u2019s future is safe.\n",
        "caption": "People protest in Heroes\u2019 Square against a new law that would undermine Central European University, a liberal graduate school of social sciences founded by U.S. financier George Soros in Budapest, Hungary, April 12, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/7A1ECD8A-2EF0-47CB-B9C6-F3D11D086638.jpg",
        "id": "22514_1",
        "answer": [
            "\"cheating\"",
            "None",
            "\"cheating\" because it issues diplomas accepted in the United States and in Hungary, thereby giving it an unfair advantage over local institutions"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Central European University",
            "university"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_27_3827958",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_27_3827958_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What place are the people in the image going to protest at?",
        "context": "As Venezuela Girds for Massive Demonstrations, Maduro Accuses US of Plot\nCARACAS \u2014\u00a0\nWith Venezuela\u2019s capital girding for massive demonstrations Wednesday, President Nicol\u00e1s Maduro is accusing the United States of trying to overthrow his leftist government.\nIn an address from the national palace in Caracas Tuesday evening, Maduro complained of \u201ca State Department push\u201d to \u201cprovoke an imperialist intervention\u201d in the South American country, with pro- and anti-government demonstrations as a backdrop.\nVenezuela\u2019s center-right opposition is organizing \u201cthe mother of all marches\u201d to protest Maduro\u2019s administration, and the Venezuelan leader is rallying his supporters to turn out for a counter-march. Over the last several days, he has ordered military troops to fan out across the country and announced plans to vastly expand the country\u2019s civilian militia \u2013 to half a million members from its current 100,000.\nThe U.S. State Department on Tuesday issued a statement warning that the \u201cinternational community\u201d would join in any response to the \u201ccriminal repression of peaceful democratic activity...\u201d\nThe statement, put out by spokesman Mark C. Toner, urged nonviolent demonstrations. \u201cWe deplore the use of violence against unarmed protestors,\u201d it said. Using the abbreviation for the ruling United Socialist Party, it particularly warned against using \u201ccolectivos \u2013 armed bands under the political control of PSUV party leaders \u2013 to repress protestors while the security forces \u2026 idly stand by.\u201d\nSecurity forces and members of the judiciary, the statement continued, have \u201clegal and constitutional responsibilities to protect, not prevent, peaceful demonstrations.\u201d\nMaduro rejected the statement, saying the State Department in essence had announced a coup against Venezuela.\n\u201cWhoever wants to see the script written to generate violence, death \u2026 read the statement. There is the plan,\u201d he said.\nSupporters of Venezuelan President Nicol\u00e1s Maduro take to the streets of Caracas to counter an opposition march, April 19, 2017. (A. Algarro/VOA)\nWeeks of protest\nAt least five people have been killed in over two weeks of protests, with security forces firing rubber bullets, tear gas and water cannons. The turbulence erupted after the Venezuelan Supreme Court\u2019s March 30 announcement that it would strip the opposition-controlled National Assembly of its legislative powers. The court \u2013 stacked with appointees of Maduro and his predecessor, the late Hugo Chavez \u2013 reversed its position in the wake of domestic and international outcries about an attempted power grab. \nThousands of Maduro\u2019s opponents are expected to turn out Wednesday, converging on central Caracas to pressure his administration to respect the assembly\u2019s autonomy, schedule long-delayed elections, free political prisoners and restore other democratic norms. \nUnidad Venezuela, a coalition of opposition parties, also is organizing marches in each of the country\u2019s 24 states, according to the group\u2019s Twitter account. Demonstrators also are expected at the Venezuelan embassy in Washington. \nDiosdado Cabella, a Maduro backer and vice president of the ruling United Socialist Party, said he anticipated about 60,000 motorcyclists to join marchers in support of the government. \n\"We are going to mobilize, to fight, to continue fighting to prevent any intention of the right to subvert the constitutional order,\" added Cabella, a lawmaker in the National Assembly.\nA Caracas marcher\u2019s T-shirt shows the Venezuelan flag\u2019s colors \u2013 and a desire for peace, April 19, 2017. (A. Algarro/VOA)\nConflicting messages\nBut the leftist government\u2019s opponents also are appealing to military and civilian troops to back their cause.\n\u201cWe know that behind those shields are Venezuelans who accompany us in this struggle for a change,\u201d the National Assembly\u2019s president, Julio Borges, said in a tweet Tuesday. \nThe National Socialist Party has ruled Venezuela for 17 years. Economic pressures have mounted in recent years, especially since the price of oil \u2013 Venezuela\u2019s chief export \u2013 began falling in 2014. Venezuelans face chronic, severe shortages of food, medicine and other basics in what once was Latin America\u2019s wealthiest country.\nWednesday\u2019s mass protest falls on a significant date for Venezuelans: On April 19, 1810, Venezuelans began their quest for independence from Spain.\nConcern over bloodshed\nMaduro faces intensifying pressure, from internal political foes and from international bodies such as the Organization of American States, to back off from violence. \n\u201cWe view with serious concern the militarization of Venezuelan society. We call for good sense,\u201d Colombian President Juan Manuel Santos said in a tweet Tuesday, according to the AFP news service.\nColombia is among 11 Latin American countries \u2013 including Brazil, Argentina and Mexico \u2013 urging peaceful demonstrations. They called upon Venezuela\u2019s government to respect the constitutional right to peaceful protest.\nOn Tuesday, the Venezuelan Penal Forum, an NGO, said security forces in the country have carried out 538 arrests since early April. It said that as of Monday, 241 people were being detained. It also reported multiple instances of torture and cruelty to detainees.\nVOA Spanish Service intern Goldy Fogel contributed to this report from Washington\n",
        "caption": "Anti-government demonstrators stage a massive protest in Caracas to press Venezuelan leader Nicol\u00e1s Maduro for free elections, respect for the National Assembly and the return of other democratic norms, April 19, 2017. (A. Algarro/VOA)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/922462A2-7E48-40D2-AB2B-1973478CD040.jpg",
        "id": "20416_1",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "the Venezuelan embassy in Washington.",
            "central Caracas"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "demonstrators",
            "Demonstrators"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_19_3816701",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_19_3816701_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person on the left of the image estimate?",
        "context": "Poland Welcomes US Troops Amid Russia Fears\nPoland on Saturday formally welcomed a contingent of U.S. troops that arrived in the country earlier in the week, part of a NATO deployment aimed at deterring Russian aggression in the region.\nPoland\u2019s prime minister, Beata Szydlo, and Defense Minister Antoni Macierewicz welcomed the troops at a ceremony in the western Polish town of Zagan.\n\"The presence of American soldiers in Poland is another step in our strategy to ensure safety and security for Poland and the region,\" Szydlo said after telling the soldiers she hopes they \u201cfeel at home.\u201d\nThe first contingent of U.S. soldiers arrived in Poland from Germany Thursday, leading Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov to call the deployment a threat to Russia\u2019s \u201cinterests and our security.\u201d\n\u201cThis is even more pronounced when a third party reinforces its military presence on our doorstep in Europe,\u201d the Kremlin spokesman told reporters.\nFILE - Polish Army and U.S. Army soldiers attend the opening ceremony of the Anaconda-16 military exercise, in Warsaw, Poland, June 6, 2016.\nLargest build-up since end of Cold War\nEventually, the U.S. plans to station more than 3,000 soldiers in Poland, marking the largest troop build-up in the country since the Cold War ended.\nThe mission, dubbed The Atlantic Resolve, will see the soldiers, along with 87 Abrams tanks and more than 500 vehicles, rotate between Poland and several other nearby NATO countries, including Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, Bulgaria and Hungary.\n\"This is America's most capable fighting force: a combat-ready, highly trained U.S. armored brigade, with our most advanced equipment and weaponry,\" U.S. Ambassador to Poland Paul James said during Saturday\u2019s ceremony.\nThe deployment was ordered by the Obama administration in 2014 as a response to Russian aggression in Ukraine.\nU.S. soldiers, part of the Armored Brigade Combat Team, crossed the Polish border Thursday at the city of Olszyna and headed for their base in Zagan.\nOver the coming years, Macierewicz said, there will be a total of 7,000 NATO and US troops stationed in Poland.\n",
        "caption": "Polish Defense Minister Antoni Macierewicz (L) and Prime Minister Beata Szydlo attend an official welcoming ceremony for U.S. troops deployed to Poland as part of NATO build-up in Eastern Europe, in Zagan, Poland, Jan. 14, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/0162EF08-0BAF-429E-836E-807311891F26.jpg",
        "id": "27951_1",
        "answer": [
            "there will be a total of 7,000 NATO and US troops stationed in Poland"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Macierewicz"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_14_3676273",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_14_3676273_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who is the person in the image against?",
        "context": "US Warns on Sanctions Over Venezuela's Move on Constitution\nCARACAS, VENEZUELA \u2014\u00a0\nThe Trump administration is warning that it might impose more sanctions on Venezuelan officials over President Nicolas Maduro's push to rewrite the constitution amid an escalating political crisis with near-daily demonstrations calling for his ouster.\n\"What President Maduro is trying to do yet again is trying to change the rules of the game,\" Michael Fitzpatrick, deputy assistant secretary of state for Western Hemisphere affairs said Tuesday. \"The actions that were taken yesterday may well give us new reasons for considering additional individualized sanctions.\"\nThe warning comes as pressure is building on the Trump administration from the U.S. Congress to act more forcefully to rein in Maduro. On Wednesday, a bipartisan group of senators said it will introduce legislation providing humanitarian assistance to Venezuela while toughening sanctions against corrupt officials, according to Senate aides who spoke on condition of anonymity.\nThe legislation, a copy of which was obtained by The Associated Press, also instructs the intelligence community to prepare a partly unclassified report on Venezuelan government officials' involvement in corruption and drug trafficking.\nOpposition leaders were gearing up for a major march Wednesday in Caracas, seeking to keep the heat on Maduro after a month of unrelenting protests. On Tuesday, protesters disrupted traffic in the capital by blocking streets with broken concrete, twisted metal and flaming piles of trash. Police used tear gas to scatter demonstrators as they have almost every day for weeks.\nTwo people were killed overnight when the bus they were traveling in flipped when it tried to avoid a barricade set up by protesters, according to opposition activists who live near the accident site in Carabobo state. A third person was killed during a looting incident at a shop in the industrial city of Valencia. The deaths bring to 32 the number of people who have died in the unrest over the past month. Hundreds more have been injured.\nDriving the outrage is a decree signed by Maduro to begin the process of rewriting Venezuela's constitution, which was pushed through in 1999 by his predecessor and mentor, the late President Hugo Chavez.\nOpposition leaders called the planned constitutional assembly a ploy to keep Maduro and his allies in power by putting off regional elections scheduled for this year and a presidential election that was to be held in 2018. Opinion polls have suggested the socialists would lose both elections badly at a time of widespread anger over triple-digit inflation and shortages of food and other goods.\nThe proposed U.S. legislation, written before Maduro's latest move, is co-sponsored by Sen. Ben Cardin, the top-ranking Democrat on the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, and Sen. Marco Rubio, who authored earlier sanctions legislation on Venezuela. It also has the support of Sen. John Cornyn, the chamber's No. 2 Republican, former Democratic vice presidential nominee Tim Kaine, as well as Republican Sen. John McCain, chairman of the Senate Armed Services Committee.\nThe U.S. already has sanctioned several Venezuelan officials, including Vice President Tareck El Aissami in February for allegedly being a major cocaine trafficker.\nThe new legislation seeks to put into law executive action by the Obama administration that targeted officials involved in corruption and found to \"undermine democratic governance\" with sanctions freezing any U.S. assets and banning them from entry into the U.S.\nIt also would mandate $10 million a year in humanitarian assistance to Venezuela. Maduro has rejected such aid offers as attempts by the U.S. to pave the way for foreign intervention.\nThe legislation additionally calls on the Trump administration to \"take all necessary steps\" to prevent the Rosneft company from gaining control of critical U.S. energy infrastructure. The Russian government-controlled firm is a major creditor to Venezuelan state-run oil giant PDVSA and recently took a nearly 50 percent stake in its U.S. subsidiary Citgo as collateral for a new loan.\nSouth American governments have started criticizing Maduro's move in stronger language than they had previously, with Brazil calling the decree a \"coup.\" And Venezuela's foreign minister came away empty-handed after seeking support at Tuesday's meeting of the left-leaning Community of Latin American and Caribbean States.\nAlthough he has hinted that voters may choose some members of the constitutional assembly, Maduro has given no details on how the body might be picked, leading many to predict the selection process will favor the socialists.\nThe president said Tuesday that he hoped the opposition would join in the process of creating a new constitution.\n\"They don't realize how lost they are in their violence. I'm extending my hand and asking them to come to the constitutional convention,\" he said.\nVenezuela's congress, which has an opposition majority, ignored that Tuesday, officially rejecting the idea of holding a constitutional assembly. It said Venezuelan voters should decide whether to call one, though the rejection was a symbolic gesture because congress has no power to block such a gathering.\nVenezuela's constitution was last rewritten in 1999, early in Chavez's 14-year presidency as he launched a socialist revolution in this oil-exporting nation. Chavez called his new constitution the best in the world, predicting it would last centuries. He carried around a blue pocket-size version of the charter, and would often whip it out and say: \"This is our Bible. After the Bible, this.\"\nThe Venezuelan government on Tuesday suspended the right to carry guns for 180 days. The unrest erupted after the Maduro administration tried to nullify the powers of the opposition-controlled congress and a growing number of people have since joined in to show their anger with Venezuela's economic ruin and violent crime.\n",
        "caption": "A demonstrator hides behind a barricade during clashes with the Bolivarian National Guard, at El Hatillo municipality outside Caracas, Venezuela, Tuesday, May 2, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/037EBB54-CB77-4CCF-8852-298AC6EB5A57.jpg",
        "id": "7124_1",
        "answer": [
            "President Nicolas Maduro"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "demonstration",
            "A demonstrator"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_03_3836065",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_03_3836065_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the political party of the man with his hands together",
        "context": "Socialist Minister Might Back Centrist in French Presidential Election\nPARIS \u2014\u00a0\nA senior Socialist minister said Tuesday that he might back centrist Emmanuel Macron in France's presidential election, which could help Macron as he battles to maintain his campaign's momentum.\nThe pronouncement by Agriculture Minister Stephane Le Foll came as opinion polls pictured a multicandidate race in which far-right leader Marine Le Pen was holding on to recent gains, keeping debt and foreign exchange markets on edge.\nTwo polls showed ex-banker Macron neck and neck with conservative rival Francois Fillon as favorite. A third, from Elabe, had Macron in retreat, and made Fillon of the Republicans, a former prime minister, the favorite for the first time since a scandal over allegedly fake work rocked his campaign four weeks ago.\nAll recent polls show Le Pen ahead in the April 23 first round, but losing a May 7 runoff to the first-round winner, be it Macron or Fillon.\nThey also show, however, that her losing margin has shrunk to as little as 6 percentage points from more than 10.\nBad news for left\nLe Foll's potential defection was the latest development in a slew of bad news for France's divided political left.\n\"I support the man who has been chosen [by the Socialists], but the moment comes for political responsibility with regard to what is at play, with regard to Marine Le Pen and with regard also to the program of Francois Fillon,\" he said on BFM TV.\nAsked whether this meant he would back whoever was best placed to prevent a Le Pen-Fillon runoff, he said: \"Exactly!\" Foreign Minister Jean-Marc Ayrault has also said he might back Macron, rather than the ruling Socialists' chosen candidate, Benoit Hamon, who is a distant fourth in the polls.\nDespite the prospect of heavyweight Socialist backing, the polls show Macron's campaign losing momentum.\nElabe pollsters reckon he has made a series of missteps that explain how they now see Fillon ahead. Macron \"has had 10 difficult days,\" they said.\nFILE - Conservative presidential candidate Francois Fillon applauds while his wife, Penelope, looks on as they attend a campaign meeting in Paris, Jan. 29, 2017.\nAnger on the right\nMacron angered opponents on the right during a visit to Algeria last week by calling France's colonial past a crime against humanity. He has upset gay-marriage supporters by saying their opponents had been humiliated by the government when it pushed through the gay marriage bill in 2013.\nOn Tuesday, Macron took his centrist and pro-European campaign to London, home to a large expatriate French community who get to vote in the elections.\nThe anti-immigration, anti-European Union Le Pen, meanwhile, caused controversy on a trip to Lebanon, where her plans to meet a senior Muslim figure were canceled after her refusal to wear a headscarf.\nLe Pen's surge has worried investors concerned that her policies will further destabilize fragile European unity, blow apart the eurozone and hurt the value of French debt.\nThe cost of insuring French government debt against default has risen to its highest level in more than three years, and sterling rose almost 1 percent against the euro to its highest in two months.\nFillon, meanwhile, was tweaking the health care policies that caused a campaign wobble earlier this year, having apparently put behind him allegations that his wife, Penelope, was paid hundreds of thousands of euros for work she may not have done.\nFillon has said the work was genuine. An official inquiry is under way.\nUnity talks flag\nBesides the three-way fight, discussions to unite candidates on the left looked to be going nowhere.\nHamon is pushing a hard-left program that divides his party and competes for votes with another leftist, Communist-backed Jean-Luc Melenchon.\nMelenchon is in fifth place, but a combined Hamon-Melenchon vote could theoretically put them into first or second and therefore into the runoff, instead of Fillon or Macron, against Le Pen.\nTalks between Melenchon, a veteran campaigner, and Hamon, an ex-education minister, were tentative from the start, and both have acknowledged wide policy differences.\nHamon gave the latest indication on Tuesday that they were unlikely to be joining forces.\n\"There is a desire on Melenchon's part to go on right to the end,\" Hamon said on Europe 1 radio. \"I respect that. ... In any case, I will work on right to the end.\"\nPolitical analysts are also eyeing an imminent decision from veteran centrist Francois Bayrou on whether to stand. If he stands, that could hurt Macron, but backing from Bayrou could be a further boost.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Conservative presidential candidate Francois Fillon applauds while his wife, Penelope, looks on as they attend a campaign meeting in Paris, Jan. 29, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F323D4CE-D0F3-4634-A338-281D55BF5480.jpg",
        "id": "13113_2",
        "answer": [
            "conservative rival Francois Fillon"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Francois Fillon"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_21_3733983",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_21_3733983_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "How does the policy that the people in the image disagree with ruffle the feathers of right-wing lawmakers?",
        "context": "Republican Lawmakers Gain in Attempt to Scrap Obamacare\nRepublicans in the U.S. House of Representatives secured two legislative victories Thursday in their drive to scrap and replace former President Barack Obama's health care plan amid mounting intraparty opposition.\nIn a pre-dawn vote along party lines, after 18 hours of debate, the House Ways and Means Committee approved a Republican proposal to replace the Affordable Care Act, commonly known as Obamacare.\nAfter also working feverishly overnight and some 10 hours later, the House Energy and Commerce Committee overcame Democratic delays and approved the replacement bill, the American Health Care Act.\nHouse Speaker Paul Ryan of Wisconsin uses charts and graphs to make his case for the GOP's long-awaited plan to repeal and replace the Affordable Care Act, during a news conference on Capitol Hill in Washington, March 9, 2017.\nAs the committees finished working on the replacement bill, House Speaker Paul Ryan attempted to consolidate Republican support by hosting a briefing with reporters.\n\"This is the closest we will ever get to repealing and replacing Obamacare,\" the Wisconsin lawmaker said. \"The time is near. The time is now.\"\nSenate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell said earlier that legislators needed to see a Congressional Budget Office (CBO) estimate of the impact the measure would have on the federal deficit.\n\"I think we need to know that,\" the Kentucky Republican told reporters at a breakfast hosted by Politico.\nOther lawmakers, such as Republican Senator Tom Cotton of Arkansas, maintained the rush to approve a replacement bill, particularly without budget estimates, would have long-term detrimental effects.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;1. House health-care bill can%27t pass Senate w/o major changes. To my friends in House: pause, start over. Get it right, don%27t get it fast.\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Tom Cotton (@TomCottonAR) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/TomCottonAR/status/839791318020866048\\\"\\u0026gt;March 9, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. 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With no budget estimate!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Tom Cotton (@TomCottonAR) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/TomCottonAR/status/839792503750602752\\\"\\u0026gt;March 9, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;3. What matters in long run is better, more affordable health care for Americans, NOT House leaders%27 arbitrary legislative calendar.\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Tom Cotton (@TomCottonAR) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/TomCottonAR/status/839793130425761793\\\"\\u0026gt;March 9, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nHouse Republicans and White House Budget Director Mick Mulvaney both predicted a CBO estimate would be available by early next week, prior to combining two versions of the bill and presenting the result to the House Budget Committee.\nThe prospects of replacing the current health care law are far from certain, even with Republicans in control of the White House and both chambers of Congress.\nOpposition to the replacement plan is intensifying among influential lawmakers who believe it is too similar to Obamacare. Those on the far right said the replacement plan fails to address conservative principles by maintaining government subsidies of Obamacare under the guise of refundable tax credits for people who buy their own health insurance.\nIn addition to mounting Republican congressional opposition, influential health groups, such as the American Medical Association and the American Hospital Association, and the AARP, an advocacy group for older people, have come out against the Republican bill, warning it could result in a rise in the number of uninsured people.\nHospitals are complaining to lawmakers that the replacement bill cuts Medicaid and other programs.\nAmerica's Health Insurance Plans, which represents insurance providers, applauded the elimination of the tax penalty but warned that proposed Medicaid changes \"could result in unnecessary disruptions in the coverage and care beneficiaries depend on.\"\nFILE - President Donald Trump speaks in the East Room of the White House in Washington during a meeting with House Republicans about a proposed health bill, March 7, 2017.\nPresident Donald Trump, meanwhile, is planning to go all out to get a House repeal measure approved. Trump met privately in the Oval Office Wednesday with conservative activists and emphasized the replacement bill was strong and imperative. The president said the biggest challenge was in the Senate, where many conservatives and moderates oppose the replacement bill for various reasons.\nTrump told the conservative leaders he was prepared to secure votes from holdout senators by holding campaign-style rallies in stadiums and in other large venues in the senators' home states.\nRepublican congressional leaders have said they want to get the replacement measure on the president's desk before the Easter break in early April.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A small group of demonstrators denouncing Obamacare rally in Indianapolis, Indiana, August 26, 2013. On Thursday, Republican lawmakers scored a symbolic victory in their quest to repeal the health care law but prospects of replacing it altogether remain far from certain.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/E565FFD3-1FBF-45F0-94A3-60251A145F0E.jpg",
        "id": "30751_1",
        "answer": [
            "by maintaining government subsidies of Obamacare under the guise of refundable tax credits for people who buy their own health insurance"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Obamacare"
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        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_09_3756894",
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    {
        "question": "Where else became like the place in the image?",
        "context": "Activists: Failure to Act on Anti-Semitism Creates \u2018Incubator of Hate\u2019\u00a0\n\u201cI\u2019ve been doing this work for 20 years, and we\u2019ve never seen anything like that many bomb threats in a row,\u201d Mark Potok, senior fellow at the Southern Poverty Law Center told VOA recently, referring to a string of some 100 threats made to Jewish organizations since January.\nAt least three Jewish cemeteries were attacked in the past two weeks, in St. Louis, Missouri; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and Rochester, New York, in a case discovered March 3. In all cases, headstones of Jewish graves were knocked over or defaced. Hundreds of headstones were damaged, including some dating back to the 1800s.\nRabbi Joshua Bolton of the University of Pennsylvania's Hillel center surveys damaged headstones at Mount Carmel Cemetery, Feb. 27, 2017, in Philadelphia.\nOn Friday, the Federal Bureau of Investigation arrested Juan Thompson, 31, on suspicion of making bomb threats to several Jewish community centers as well as the New York-based Anti-Defamation League, an advocacy organization that tracks anti-Semitic attacks. The ADL evacuated its offices in New York February 22 and in San Francisco February 27 because of bomb threats.\nAlso Friday, FBI officials met with members of the Jewish community in New York to discuss the anti-Semitic threats. The group of Jewish organizations in attendance released a statement thanking the FBI for its \u201cextraordinary effort\u201d investigating the threats.\nTrump speaks out\nPresident Donald Trump began his first speech to Congress Tuesday with a rare reference to the crisis.\n\u201cRecent threats against Jewish community centers and vandalism of Jewish cemeteries, as well as last week\u2019s shooting in Kansas City, remind us that while we may be a nation divided on policies, we are a country that stands united in condemning hate and evil in all of its very ugly forms,\u201d Trump said.\nTrump then moved on to other topics. Critics said he should have spent more time on the issue and laid out an action plan to discourage further threats.\nThe Trump administration drew criticism in January for a Holocaust remembrance statement that failed to make specific mention of Jews. Instead, it commemorated the \u201cvictims, survivors, heroes\u201d of the Holocaust.\nWhite House spokeswoman Hope Hicks later explained to CNN, \u201cWe took into account all of those who suffered,\u201d political prisoners, homosexuals, gypsies, Poles, disabled people, and many others as well as Jews.\nPence tours former concentration camp\nWhile Trump, whose daughter and son-in-law are Jewish, has said little about the threats and attacks, Vice President Mike Pence made two high-profile appearances last month in support of the Jewish community. \nOn February 19 while on a visit to Germany, Pence toured the former Nazi concentration camp at Dachau. A few days later, he visited the St. Louis cemetery in the United States where nearly 200 Jewish gravestones were vandalized.\nIn a speech in Washington, Trump called the St. Louis attack \u201ca horrible and painful act.\u201d Pence echoed that, calling the vandalism \u201cvile.\u201d He said the administration condemns it in the strongest terms. He praised the people of St. Louis for rallying around the Jewish community after the attack.\n\u201cThere is no place in America for hatred, prejudice, or acts of violence, or anti-Semitism,\u201d Pence said.\nPublic figures called to do more\nProfessor Steven Goldstein, national director of the Anne Frank Center for Mutual Respect, told VOA Trump should focus on the threats with a televised speech centered on hate crimes.\n\u201cThe president should give a prime-time, televised address outlining specifically what he will do to combat not just anti-Semitism, but all forms of hatred, including Islamophobia, racism, anti-Mexican sentiment, sexism, anti-LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transsexual) bias, and prejudice against the differently abled,\u201d he said.\nGoldstein said public figures have an influence on other people\u2019s behavior and a responsibility to set a good example.\n\u201cWhen we turn away from calling out hate,\u201d he said, \u201cand when we deny or refuse, as Donald Trump did, refuse to include Jews in his Holocaust remembrance statement a few weeks ago, and dug in his heels when we pointed it out, that helps create an incubator of hate in America.\u201d\n\u201cUnless our leaders speak out for justice,\u201d he said, \u201cthere will be some elements in this country that will take [the lack of official comment] as a permission to do the very worst that human impulse can do.\u201d\nFILE - Mark Potok, of the Southern Poverty Law Center, stands in the center's office in Montgomery, Ala., June 12, 2009.\nPotok of the Southern Poverty Law Center agreed, noting that President George Bush handled anti-Muslim attitudes very differently after the September 11, 2001 attacks on the United States.\n\u201cImmediately after 9/11 in late 2001, President Bush repeatedly made the statement that Arabs are not our enemy, Muslims are not our enemy,\u201d Potok said. \u201cHe also did symbolic things like stand in the National Cathedral with an imam.\u201d \nPotok pointed out that anti-Muslim hate crimes fell dramatically the following year, from 481 in 2001, to just 155 in 2002.\nOn February 27 the Anti-Defamation League released a suggested action plan for the Trump administration to bolster its position on hate crimes. The plan calls for a federal interagency task force on fighting hate crimes, a president-appointed White House coordinator for fighting hate crimes, and presidential support for federal and state funding designed to protect students from discrimination on college campuses and in public schools.\nPerhaps most notable, however, is the plan\u2019s final point, in the words of ADL national director Jonathan Greenblatt: \u201cThe president and his Cabinet must make the point to call out bigotry at every opportunity. ... All our leaders must call out hate whenever and wherever it appears.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Local and national media report on more than 170 toppled Jewish headstones after a weekend vandalism attack on Chesed Shel Emeth Cemetery in University City, a suburb of St Louis, Missouri, Feb. 21, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B0695960-82EB-4109-8A64-16D971F3934B.jpg",
        "id": "5407_1",
        "answer": [
            "Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and Rochester, New York"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "cemetery"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_04_3749444",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_04_3749444_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person in the image going to be?",
        "context": "Trump Ally Manafort Will Register as Foreign Agent, Spokesman says\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nPaul Manafort, who served last year as U.S. President Donald Trump's campaign manager, is planning to register with the Justice Department as a foreign agent, his spokesman said on Wednesday.\nManafort's lobbying for a foreign client ended before he began working on Trump's presidential campaign \"and was not conducted on behalf of the Russian government,\" spokesman Jason Maloni said in a statement.\nManafort's ties to Russia are part of probes underway by the Federal Bureau of Investigation and congressional intelligence committees into Moscow's interference in the 2016 presidential election, according to reports by the New York Times and other media.\nManafort has denied any impropriety and has volunteered to be interviewed by the House intelligence committee. Russia has deny interfering in the election.\n\"Since before the 2016 election, Mr. Manafort has been in discussions with federal authorities about the advisability of registering under FARA for some of his past political work,\" Mr. Maloni said, referring to the Foreign Agents Registration Act.\n\"Mr. Manafort received formal guidance recently from the authorities and he is taking appropriate steps in response to the guidance. The work in question was widely known,\" Maloni said. He declined to be more specific.\nManafort previously worked on behalf of the political party of Viktor Yanukovich, the former Kremlin-backed leader of Ukraine.\nManafort resigned from Trump's campaign last August, days after documents surfaced in Kiev suggesting he had received millions in undisclosed payments from Yanukovich's party.\nThe Associated Press reported on Wednesday that it had obtained financial records confirming that at least $1.2 million in payments were received by Manafort's consulting firm in the United States in 2007 and 2009.\n\"Any wire transactions received by my company are legitimate payments for political consulting work that was provided. I invoiced my clients and they paid via wire transfer, which I received through a U.S. bank,\" Manafort told the AP.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Paul Manafort, then chairman of Republican Donald Trump's presidential campaign, talks to reporters on the floor of the Republican National Convention at Quicken Loans Arena in Cleveland, July 17, 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/38EA1DEF-B2BA-43D9-B9EF-2E16CCFEAF8D.jpg",
        "id": "143_1",
        "answer": [
            "a foreign agent"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Paul Manafort"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_12_3807764",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_12_3807764_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in the image do?",
        "context": "Pope Names Bioethics Advisers in Closely Watched Appointment\nVATICAN CITY \u2014\u00a0\nPope Francis has selected the members of his bioethics advisory board, a closely watched appointment because the commission had previously reflected the conservative vision of sexual morality and life issues championed by the past two popes.\nFrancis kept several previous members and added new members of the Pontifical Academy of Life. But notably absent from the lineup released Tuesday were some of the academy's more outspoken members, who had led protests when, for example, experts who didn't support church teaching were invited to speak at a 2012 Vatican infertility conference.\nFrancis has upheld church opposition to abortion, but he hasn't emphasized sexual morality as much as his predecessors. He has said that after St. John Paul II and Pope Benedict XVI, Catholics know what the church teaches.\n",
        "caption": "Pope Francis meets with advisers at the Vatican, Feb. 13, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/CAD9D686-149C-4EE2-B4FA-3A1F5C0CACDB.jpg",
        "id": "4812_1",
        "answer": [
            "selected the members of his bioethics advisory board"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Pope Francis"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_13_3898319",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_13_3898319_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What entities like the person with the green scarf in the image more?",
        "context": "Iran's Top Leader Urges High Turnout in Presidential Vote\nTEHRAN \u2014\u00a0\nIran's supreme leader called on Wednesday for a high turnout in this week's presidential election, urging voters to head to the polls and send a message to the United States \u2014 but stopped short of saying which candidate he prefers of the four remaining in the race.\nIn a televised speech, Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei said the United States and its allies, including the \u201cpathetic prime minister of the Zionist regime,\u201d or Israel, are closely watching the vote on Friday.\nHe called the election a \u201cgreat popular epic,\u201d saying that while the region is \u201cdrowned in anxiety,\u201d Iran is \u201cpeacefully and safely holding an election.\u201d\n\u201cFrom the U.S. state apparatuses to European powers and regional countries aligned with America, to the pathetic prime minister of the Zionist regime, all are closely watching (the vote) and how and in what spirit\u201d the Iranians will cast ballots, Khamenei said.\nA supporter of Iran's President Hassan Rouhani, who is running for a second term in office, holds his poster during a campaign rally in downtown Tehran, May 16, 2017.\nSuspicious of US\nPresident Hassan Rouhani, a moderate, is seeking re-election in a vote that will largely serve as a referendum on his outreach to the West, which culminated in the 2015 nuclear deal with world powers. Under the accord, Iran agreed to limit its enrichment of uranium in exchange for the lifting of some economic sanctions.\nDespite the deal, Khamenei \u2014 Iran's top decision-maker \u2014 remains deeply suspicious of the United States and its intentions toward Iran.\nKhamenei is believed to favor Rouhani's main challenger, the hard-line candidate Ebrahim Raisi, who has support from major clerical bodies, hard-liners in the establishment as well as allies of former hard-line President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad.\n70 percent turnout expected\nInterior Minister Abdolreza Rahmani Fazli said turnout is expected to exceed 70 percent. Some 56.4 million people out of a population of 80 million are eligible to vote.\nFazli said vote counting would commence after midnight and that the results would be announced \u201csooner\u201d than in previous elections. In past elections, results were announced two days later.\nAlso Wednesday, Hassan Qashqavi, deputy foreign minister in charge of consular affairs and Iranian expatriates, said polling would also be held Friday for Iranian expatriates in 102 countries, including the U.S.\nThe largest number of polling stations \u2014 55 \u2014 would be in America, where more than 1 million Iranians live, he said. In the 2013 election, 20 polling stations opened there for Iranian expats.\nUnder house arrest \nAccording to reports on opposition website Kalemeh.com, Iranian opposition leaders Mir Hossein Mousavi and Mahdi Karroubi, who have been under house arrest since 2011 after they challenged Ahmadinejad's 2009 re-election, each issued a statement supporting Rouhani.\nIn his 2013 campaign, Rouhani vowed to lift their house arrests but that promise remains to be fulfilled. Rouhani won the presidential election that year with nearly 51 percent of the vote. Turnout for that vote was 73 percent.\nLast week, Iran's official IRNA news agency published the results of a survey in which nearly 64 percent of a 6,047 person sample group said they will be voting, while 20 percent said they were undecided.\nHistorically, the more Iranians who cast ballots, the greater the chance a reformist or a moderate like Rouhani will be elected.\nBesides Rouhani and his rival Raisi, two other candidates \u2014 Mostafa Hashemitaba, a pro-reform figure who previously ran for president in 2001, and Mostafa Mirsalim, a former culture minister \u2014 are in the race but are widely expected to drop out before polling starts.\nIranian presidential candidate cleric Ebrahim Raisi, right, waves to his supporters while he is accompanied by Tehran Mayor Mohammad Bagher Qalibaf upon arrival at a campaign rally for the May 19 election at Imam Khomeini grand mosque in Tehran.\nCritical of Revolutionary Guard\nAt a rally in Raisi's hometown of Mashhad on Wednesday, Rouhani urged the country's powerful Revolutionary Guard and other armed forces to remain impartial in the election and keep their \u201cdistance from political games.\u201d He also demanded that the state broadcasting company remain neutral.\nRouhani has increasingly criticized the Revolutionary Guard \u2014 most recently on Monday, when he said the paramilitary force was abusing public funds to bus Raisi's supporters to his rallies.\nAnd during a presidential debate last week, he accused the paramilitaries of seeking to sabotage the nuclear deal, pointing to the Revolutionary Guard's launch of a ballistic missile bearing the words \u201cIsrael must be wiped out\u201d in Hebrew in March 2016.\nSanctions to be extended \nLater Wednesday, the Trump administration said it will extend sanctions relief for Iran granted under the nuclear deal but that it would also impose new and unrelated economic penalties over Iran's ballistic missile activity. The decision came just before the Obama administration's last six-month waiver was to expire.\nBy pairing the waiver of old sanctions with an announcement of new ones, the administration is trying to show it's being tough on Iran even as it adheres to the nuclear deal for now. President Donald Trump has said he's reviewing the deal's future.\nThe new sanctions target Iranian military officials and others accused of supplying Iran with materials for ballistic missiles.\n",
        "caption": "Iranian presidential candidate cleric Ebrahim Raisi, right, waves to his supporters while he is accompanied by Tehran Mayor Mohammad Bagher Qalibaf upon arrival at a campaign rally for the May 19 election at Imam Khomeini grand mosque in Tehran.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/4A4C5376-4FB6-4676-AAFB-5138A98FA004.jpg",
        "id": "30626_3",
        "answer": [
            "major clerical bodies"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Ebrahim Raisi"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_17_3854802",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_17_3854802_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the country of the person on the left in the image want to see for international security?",
        "context": "US Rejects North Korea Proposal, Says It\u2019s Not \u2018a Viable Deal\u2019\nUNITED NATIONS \u2014\u00a0\nThe United States on Wednesday rejected China\u2019s proposal for a halt to joint U.S.-South Korean military exercises if North Korea suspends its nuclear and missile activities. It called North Korean leader Kim Jong Un irrational and demanded \u201cpositive action\u201d before the U.S. can take his regime seriously.\nIn Washington, U.S. State Department acting spokesman Mark Toner said, \u201cAt this point we don\u2019t see it as a viable deal.\u201d A Pentagon spokesman, Commander Gary Ross, said U.S. activities to defend South Korea \u201ccannot be equated to North Korea\u2019s repeated violations of its obligations and agreements.\u201d\nThe U.S. ambassador to the United Nations, Nikki Haley, told reporters after an emergency Security Council meeting on North Korea\u2019s latest ballistic missile launches that the United States must see \u201csome sort of positive action\u201d by Kim\u2019s regime before discussing ways to reduce tensions on the Korean Peninsula.\n\u201cThey\u2019ve given us enough reason to think how irresponsible that they are that we ever try and think that we\u2019re dealing with a rational person on this,\u201d she said.\nFILE - Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi speaks in Munich, Germany, Feb. 17, 2017.\nEarlier Wednesday, Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi proposed the freeze-for-freeze, likening escalating tensions between the North and Washington and Seoul to \u201ctwo accelerating trains, coming toward each other with neither side willing to give way.\u201d\nThe idea was rejected by South Korea and Japan as well as the U.S.\nDrills, missile defense \nHaley said the military drills are especially needed now after North Korea conducted two nuclear tests and 24 ballistic missile launches last year and two sets of missile launches and the assassination of Kim Jong Un\u2019s estranged brother using a chemical weapon this year.\nShe also defended the upcoming deployment of a U.S. missile defense system in South Korea, a move that has been strongly opposed by China. She said America would not leave its ally facing the threat from North Korea without help.\n\u201cWe have not seen any goodwill at all coming from North Korea,\u201d Haley said. \u201cI appreciate all my counterparts wanting to talk about talks and negotiations, (but) we are not dealing with a rational person.\u201d\nWith any other country, the United States would be seeking negotiations, she said.\n\u201cThis is not a rational person, who has not had rational acts, who is not thinking clearly,\u201d Haley said of North Korea\u2019s leader. \u201cThis is someone who is trying to get attention. This is someone who is trying to get a reaction.\u201d\nHaley said the United States is re-evaluating how it is going to deal with North Korea going forward \u201cand we are making those decisions now and will act accordingly.\u201d\n\u201cWe\u2019re not ruling anything out and we\u2019re considering every option that\u2019s on the table,\u201d she said.\nLinking the 'unlinkable'\nSouth Korean Ambassador Cho Tae-yul also rejected the idea of a North Korean nuclear freeze in exchange for halting U.S.-South Korea military exercises, which he stressed are defensive in nature.\n\u201cLinking this exercise to anything else, which is illegal nuclear and missile provocation by North Korea, is inappropriate and unacceptable, and I think this is just trying to link the unlinkable,\u201d he said.\n\u201cAll kinds of options have been exhausted so far,\u201d Cho said, \u201cSo the only available means to change the North Korean behavior fundamentally is to continue to keep up the pressure and sanctions on North Korea.\u201d\nJapan\u2019s U.N. ambassador, Koro Bessho, said that \u201cat the starting point we need some assurances they are serious about the denuclearization.\u201d\n\u201cSo Japan\u2019s position is that it\u2019s not freeze-for-freeze but it\u2019s denuclearization that we\u2019re looking for,\u201d Bessho said.\nBut Chinese Ambassador Liu Jieyi warned that \u201cif you look at ... the development of events now on the Korean Peninsula there\u2019s a real danger, there\u2019s a real risk.\u201d\nThe alternative to China\u2019s proposal \u201cwould be escalation of tension, and the situation may get out of control,\u201d he told The Associated Press and two other reporters.\n\u201cWe should avoid any worsening of the situation, or still any conflict, any sparks triggering a larger-scale conflict or even war on the Korean Peninsula,\u201d Liu said. \u201cThat\u2019s not something that\u2019s in the interest of anyone.\u201d\nHe said implementing China\u2019s proposal \u201cshouldn\u2019t be hard\u201d if there is political will, but \u201cit would take the agreement of all the sides to get this result.\u201d\nWhen asked whether China had a commitment from North Korea to freeze testing, he told the AP that \u201cwe have been talking to various parties concerned about this.\u201d\nHaley said talks are one option on the table for U.S. consideration along with many others that she declined to specify. She said other Security Council members would also all be discussing with their capitals what to do next on North Korea.\nJapan\u2019s Bessho said three of the missiles launched Sunday night landed in his country\u2019s exclusive economic zone where fishermen troll for squid. He said the North Korean military unit that conducted the launches is tasked with striking U.S. military bases in Japan when necessary.\n\u201cThis shows us they are serious in these aggressive actions,\u201d Bessho said, calling the North\u2019s actions \u201ca serious matter for the whole world.\u201d\nHe welcomed the Security Council\u2019s reaction late Tuesday, which was stronger than after previous launches.\nThe council strongly condemned the North\u2019s missile tests, \u201cincreasingly destabilizing behavior\u201d and defiance of the council\u2019s resolutions. It said the missile activity increases tensions in the region and beyond, and risks a regional arms race.\nThe Security Council has already imposed six rounds of increasingly tougher sanctions on North Korea. It urged all countries to \u201credouble efforts\u201d to implement them and warned of possible \u201cfurther significant measures.\u201d\nNorth Korea\u2019s Foreign Ministry spokesman on Wednesday categorically rejected the council statement that labeled what he called its \u201croutine\u201d ballistic missile launches a threat. The spokesman reiterated that the U.S.-South Korean exercises are pushing the situation \u201cto the brink of a nuclear war\u201d and the North was responding with \u201cthe self-defensive right of a sovereign state.\u201d\nAt the Security Council meeting, British Ambassador Matthew Rycroft, the current council president, said members discussed \u201ca potential role\u201d for Secretary-General Antonio Guterres in pursuing \u201ca united council position,\u201d but gave no details.\nSpeaking on behalf of Britain, Rycroft backed the U.S. saying it\u2019s \u201cvery important that the first step\u201d come from North Korea to demonstrate its commitment to denuclearization.\nChina\u2019s Liu told the AP the Security Council must follow the situation closely \u201cbut it is key that the main players in the region refrain from doing anything that would exacerbate the current highly tense situation on the Korean Peninsula.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "Japan's Ambassador Koro Bessho (left) U.S. Ambassador Nikki Haley (center) and South Korea's Ambassador Cho Tae-yul hold a joint news conference after consultations of the United Nations Security Council, March 8, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D80FDFDB-5C25-47A7-87C7-05C97D5CF20D.jpg",
        "id": "32822_1",
        "answer": [
            "denuclearization "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Bessho"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_08_3755810",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_08_3755810_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "How are the two people with bracelets in the image related?",
        "context": "Nemtsov Killer Sentenced to 20 Years in Jail\nThe man convicted of killing Kremlin critic and former deputy prime minister Boris Nemtsov in 2015 was sentenced to 20 years in prison by a Russian court Thursday.\nShooter Saur Dadayev was given 20 years and four accomplices were given between 11 and 19 years, judge Yury Zhitnikov told the packed courtroom.\nProsecutors had initially asked for longer sentences for all of the defendants, including a life sentence for Dadayev.\nIn June the jury ruled by majority against brothers Shagid and Anzor Gubashev, Ramzan Bakhayev, Tamerlan Eskerkhanov and Zaur Dadayev, who was found guilty of shooting Nemtsov six times in the back. Dadayev initially confessed to the crime, but later recanted, saying he was tortured into the confession.\nAll five men were ethnic Chechens from Russia's volatile North Caucasus.\nWhile the verdicts were welcomed by supporters of Nemtsov, the investigation and trial were condemned for failing to uncover the masterminds of the killing or addressing the motive, which is widely believed to be political.\nDadayev was an officer in the security forces of Chechnya's Kremlin-backed leader Ramzan Kadyrov, who many Nemtsov supporters have said should have been questioned in the case.\nIn an exclusive interview with VOA's Russian Service last month, Nemtsov's daughter Zhanna Nemtsova noted that while there was motive for the perpetrators, $250,000 allegedly promised for the murder, there was no attempt to establish who wanted Nemtsov killed and why.\n\"I suspect that Vladimir Putin knows much more about the circumstances of this murder than me and he possesses a complete knowledge of this murder and I, as an injured party, don't,\" Nemtsova said. \"Why hasn't Ramzan Kadyrov been summoned to court?\"\n",
        "caption": "Zaur Dadayev, center left, Anzor Gubashev, center, and Shadid Gubashev, center right, listen to the sentence in a court room in Moscow, Russia, July 13, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D98E40DA-5F6D-40C6-B76A-674525B4D815.jpg",
        "id": "11663_1",
        "answer": [
            "brothers ",
            "none",
            "brothers"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Anzor Gubashev, center, and Shadid Gubashev",
            "Shagid and Anzor Gubashev"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_13_3942623",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_13_3942623_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the people in the image try to do?",
        "context": "US Senators to Get Rare Briefing at White House on North Korea Threat\nWHITE HOUSE \u2014\u00a0\nAll 100 U.S. senators have been invited to the White House on Wednesday for a classified briefing that will primarily concern North Korea, the administration announced Monday.\nThe briefing will be conducted by Defense Secretary Jim Mattis, Secretary of State Rex Tillerson, Director of National Intelligence Dan Coats and the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, General Joe Dunford.\nWhile lawmakers often receive classified briefings on Capitol Hill, it is rare for them to take place at the White House and for the entire Senate to be involved in one event.\nFILE - Defense Secretary Jim Mattis, left, walks with Secretary of State Rex Tillerson at the White House in Washington, April 3, 2017. Mattis and Tillerson will be among officials briefing U.S. senators on North Korea.\nDuring a White House lunch with ambassadors of United Nations Security Council member states on Monday, the U.S. president called unacceptable the \"status quo in North Korea.\"\nTrump said the Security Council must be prepared to impose additional and stronger sanctions on North Korea's nuclear and ballistic missile programs. \n\"North Korea is a big world problem, and it's a problem we have to finally solve,\" the president added. \"People have put blindfolds on for decades, and now it's time to solve the problem.\"\nTrump, Abe\nThe comments came after Trump made his latest round of separate telephone calls to the leaders of Japan, China and Germany to discuss concerns about North Korea. His most recent call was made just before meeting the ambassadors on Monday morning to German Chancellor Angela Merkel to discuss the \"urgent security challenge\" posed by North Korea, according to the White House.\nFILE - President Donald Trump, right, and Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe shake hands following their joint news conference in the East Room of the White House in Washington, Feb. 10, 2017.\nA 30-minute call (Sunday evening U.S. time/Monday morning in Asia) between Trump and Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe was meant to increase pressure on Pyongyang not to engage in further provocative actions, but was not prompted by any significant change in the situation, according to officials in Tokyo.\n\"We agreed to strongly demand North Korea, which is repeating its provocation, show restraint,\" Abe told reporters in Tokyo. \"We will maintain close contact with the United States, maintain a high level of vigilance and firmly respond.\"\nAbe also said he and Trump agreed that a larger role in dealing with Pyongyang should be played by China.\nTrump, Xi\nTrump subsequently spoke to Chinese President Xi Jinping about North Korea.\nThe Chinese president said he hopes all sides avoid doing anything to worsen the tense situation on the Korean peninsula, according to the Xinhua news agency.\nFILE - U.S. President Donald Trump and China's President Xi Jinping chat as they walk along the front patio of the Mar-a-Lago estate after a bilateral meeting in Palm Beach, Florida, April 7, 2017.\nTrump, in the phone call with Xi, \"criticized North Korea's continued belligerence and emphasized Pyongyang's actions are destabilizing the Korean Peninsula,\" according to a White House readout issued Monday. \"The two leaders reaffirmed the urgency of the threat posed by North Korea's missile and nuclear programs, and committed to strengthen coordination in achieving the denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula.\"\nNorth Korea's continued development of ballistic missiles and its underground nuclear tests \u2014 there have been five \u2014 are \"to put it mildly, a game changer,\" State Department spokesman Mark Toner told reporters Monday. \"And it's one of the reasons why you've seen administration officials talking so candidly about our concerns and about the fact that the time for strategic patience and that policy is over.\"\nTrump and U.S. officials have repeatedly said all options remain \"on the table\" to deal with further North Korean provocations.\nNorth Korea threats\nThe conversations involving the president about North Korea took place as a U.S. Navy strike force, led by the aircraft carrier USS Carl Vinson, is approaching the Sea of Japan, off the east coast of the Korean peninsula.\nAircraft carrier USS Carl Vinson (CVN 70) transits the Indian Ocean, April 15, 2017.\nThe strike force on Monday was wrapping up a \"routine\" joint drill \"to provide combined maritime response\" with components of the Japanese Maritime Self Defense Force in the Philippines Sea \"as it continued its northern transit,\" U.S. Navy Capt. Jeff Davis told reporters at the Pentagon.\nOfficials in Seoul announced earlier Monday the Vinson is also scheduled to hold a joint training exercise with South Korean naval ships.\n\"Consultations are under way in connection with the exercise,\" Ministry of National Defense spokesman Moon Sang-gyun told reporters. He provided no additional details.\nThe approach of the American naval carrier strike group has not gone unnoticed in Pyongyang.\n\"Our revolutionary forces are combat-ready to sink a nuclear-powered aircraft carrier with a single strike,\" read a Sunday commentary in the Rodong Sinmun, the Workers' Party newspaper.\nSuch threats are common from the reclusive state.\nNorth Korea on Tuesday celebrates the anniversary of the founding of its military, a key holiday in the country.\nThere are concerns Pyongyang, in conjunction with the anniversary, will demonstrate a show of force by possibly firing more ballistic missiles or conducting its sixth nuclear test.\nTrump has said that Xi is applying pressure on North Korea to not engage in further provocations. \nIt is speculated by analysts in Washington and Beijing that China is threatening to cut crude oil supplies to its impoverished neighbor should it conduct another nuclear test.\nU.S. citizen detained\nMeanwhile, a third U.S. citizen was detained Friday by North Korean authorities as he was about to leave the country.\nToner at the State Department told reporters he was not aware of any diplomatic access to the American.\nFILE - This image made from a May 21, 2014, video shows a building at the Pyongyang University of Science and Technology.\nThe Pyongyang University of Science and Technology (PUST) confirmed the detention of Kim Sang-duk, who had been teaching accounting at the privately-funded school started by evangelical Christians.\n\"We cannot comment on anything that Mr. Kim may be alleged to have done that is not related to his teaching work on the PUST campus,\" the university said in a statement Sunday.\nAt least two other U.S. citizens are known to be held in North Korea.\nThe U.S. State Department said it is working with Swedish diplomats on the case.\nThe United States and North Korea have never had diplomatic ties. Sweden's embassy in Pyongyang represents the interests of American citizens in the country.\nNorth Korea has a pattern of detaining and sentencing American visitors to prison in order to get high-profile visitors to go there to obtain their release.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - President Donald Trump, right, and Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe shake hands following their joint news conference in the East Room of the White House in Washington, Feb. 10, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/3BA07329-4CAB-4E1E-90AA-1B7B5D42C956.jpg",
        "id": "10212_3",
        "answer": [
            "increase pressure on Pyongyang not to engage in further provocative actions",
            "increase pressure on Pyongyang",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "President Donald Trump, right, and Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe",
            "Trump and Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_24_3823632",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_24_3823632_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What other nation's banner accompanied the one in the image?",
        "context": "For France, Trump at Bastille Day was Deeply Symbolic\nPARIS \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. President Donald Trump was the guest of honor Friday at France\u2019s Bastille Day celebrations, an elaborate display that included military bands, flyovers by American jet fighters, and a parade that lasted more than two hours to mark the centennial of the U.S. entry into the First World War.\nThe American flag flew along with the French flag on Paris\u2019 famed Champs Elysees, where U.S. troops marched in a parade with thousands of French soldiers, tanks, missile launchers, and armored personnel carriers.\nMore than 3,500 police took positions along the parade route to guard against potential terrorist attacks. \n\"We have also found sure allies, friends, who came to help us,\" Macron said.\"The United States of America are among them. This is why nothing will separate us, never.The presence today of the U.S. president, Donald Trump, and his wife is the sign of a friendship that lasts through time.\"\nWATCH: Having Trump at Bastille Day Deeply Symbolic\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nFor France, Having Trump at Bastille Day Deeply Symbolic\nShare this video\n0:02:25\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:25\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 7.0MB\n360p | 12.0MB\n720p | 68.7MB\nIn saying goodbye Friday, the Trumps, President Macron and his wife, Brigitte, walked together before Macron took Trump's hand and shook it firmly for several seconds -- in what has appeared to become a tradition for the two men.President Trump and first lady Melania Trump then went by motorcade to Orly Airport, where they boarded Air Force One for their flight to their next stop in New Jersey.\nThe celebrations in Paris came one year after a truck attack in the Mediterranean city of Nice killed 86 people. The Islamic State group claimed responsibility.\nFrench Republican Guards ride their horses past the Arc de Triomphe in Paris, July 14, 2017. The annual Bastille Day parade is being opened by American troops with President Donald Trump as the guest of honor to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the United States entering World War I.\nAgreement on counterterrorism\nCounterterrorism was a central point when Trump met with Macron a day earlier, in an agenda that was otherwise marked with differences including on issues of climate change and trade.\nIn an atmosphere where French and other western European leaders are alarmed by what they perceive as Trump\u2019s isolationist and protectionist tendencies, Macron worked to play up the things that he and the U.S. administration have in common. The fight against terrorism topped that list.\nAfter their discussions on Thursday, the French leader said the proper answer to terrorism is to strengthen cooperation between the two countries and sustain a \u201cnever-ending fight against terrorists no matter where they are.\u201d\n\u201cIn this respect,\u201d Macron said, \u201cthere is no difference and no gap between the French and the American positions.\u201d\nU.S. President Donald Trump and first lady Melania Trump, French President Emmanuel Macron, and his wife Brigitte Macron tour Napoleon Bonaparte\u2019s Tomb at Les Invalides in Paris, France, July 13, 2017.\nSymbolic guest of honor\nFrench Alphajets of the Patrouille de France fly over the Champs Elysees avenue, with the Arc de Triomphe in background, during the Bastille Day parade in Paris, July 14, 2017.\nHaving President Trump as the guest of honor for the commemoration on France\u2019s National Day is deeply symbolic and a sign that France and Europe need America\u2019s engagement as much as ever. \nFrance on July 14 marks the 1789 storming by rebels of the Bastille prison in Paris, an event that signaled the start of the French Revolution. \nThis year, leaders coupled the festivities with the 100th anniversary of the U.S. decision to enter the First World War. The U.S. Congress\u2019 declaration of war happened on April 6, 1917, but the anniversary is the subject of yearlong celebrations in France.\nThe United States entered the war against the Central Powers of the German Empire, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria almost three years after it started and participated for only 19 months. However, Washington\u2019s economic help and manpower helped the allies win a war they, broke and overstretched, could have easily lost.\nMany people in America had opposed involvement in the war, causing the administration of then-President Woodrow Wilson to hesitate. Wilson ran for reelection in 1916 on the premise that he had kept the U.S. out of the war, but called for a declaration of war once he was reelected. \nWatch: Trump, Macron Work to Bridge Differences, But No Promises on Climate\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTrump, Macron Work to Bridge Differences, But No Promises on Climate\nShare this video\n0:01:52\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:52\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 5.1MB\n360p | 7.5MB\n720p | 52.2MB\nHoping Trump will change positions\nAnalysts say France\u2019s new leaders hope that by engaging President Trump, they can influence him to change positions on issues like climate change and steer him away from perceived protectionist measures like the tariffs he has threatened to slap on steel imports that could hurt EU members like Germany.\nHours before Macron met with President Trump on Thursday, he had consulted with German Chancellor Angela Merkel, who paid a quick visit to Paris as Trump was arriving in the city.\nAfter his discussions with Macron, President Trump gave indications that he might change his thinking on his decision to pull the U.S. out of the Paris climate accord.\n\u201cSomething could happen with respect to the Paris Accord. We'll see what happens. But we will talk about that over the coming period of time. And if it happens, that will be wonderful,\u201d the U.S. leader told reporters Thursday. \u201cAnd if it doesn\u2019t, that will be okay, too,\u201d he said.\n",
        "caption": "French President Emmanuel Macron talks with President Donald Trump next to a huge French flag after the Bastille Day parade in Paris, July 14, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/ECB886F8-F113-45D4-90CD-1921BBADD824.jpg",
        "id": "25773_1",
        "answer": [
            "American"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "French flag"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_14_3943980",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_14_3943980_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Why are people accusing the person in the middle of the image?",
        "context": "To Trump Supporters, Real Story Is About Leaks and Sabotage\nTo the White House and its supporters, the big story in Washington isn't the investigation into possible Trump campaign ties to Russia. It's about leakers working to undermine the president.\n\"SABOTAGE,\" read the subject line of emails sent out by President Donald Trump's re-election campaign and the Republican Party, which pointed to \"people within our own unelected bureaucracy that want to sabotage President Trump and our entire America First movement.\" Trump tweeted Thursday that he's facing \"the single greatest witch hunt of a politician in American history!\"\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;This is the single greatest witch hunt of a politician in American history!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/865173176854204416\\\"\\u0026gt;May 18, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nThe language reveals much about how Trump and his backers are explaining the seemingly never-ending blitz of bad news rocking the White House. As Democrats talk about possible obstruction of justice and dream of removing Trump from office, the president and his allies reject that he bears responsibility for his woes. They see a plot to undermine him at every turn, as evidenced by the anonymous sources disclosing the embarrassing and damaging information \u2014 some of it classified.\nAll administrations must deal with leaks, from the release of the Pentagon Papers on Vietnam policy to Edward Snowden's dump of national security files. But the scope and frequency experienced by the Trump White House is remarkable.\nFILE - U.S. President Donald Trump meets with Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov, left, next to Russian Ambassador to the U.S. Sergei Kislyak at the White House in Washington, May 10, 2017. (Russian Foreign Ministry photo via AP)\nIn addition to an endless stream of gossip and internal squabbling, news outlets have been privy to everything from details of draft documents to the president's private phone conversations with foreign leaders. This week came reports that the president had shared highly classified information with Russian officials during an Oval Office meeting, revealed by those with knowledge of the conversation.\n\"This has all the markings of a coordinated, silent coup,\" said Michael Caputo, who worked on Trump's campaign and keeps in touch with administration officials.\nLeaks are hardly the only cause of Trump's problems \u2014 the uproar over FBI Director James Comey's dismissal wasn't the result of a leak. But Trump-friendly talking heads see something that stretches the realms of believability. Radio host Alex Jones warns of a plot by \"deep-state\" globalists to impeach Trump. On Fox News, Sean Hannity warned Wednesday of a \"destroy Trump alliance\" that is now \"aligning to take down President Trump.\"\nInternal opposition\nBut even if some claims seem to go too far, Trump clearly does face opposition from within his own government. Running on a pledge to tear apart Washington, Trump still depends to some extent on Obama administration holdovers and career government employees, many of whom oppose him.\nClashes among Trump aides also create an environment in which staff leak information to undercut rivals.\nFILE - White House Press Secretary Ari Fleischer listens to a question duringa briefing at the White House in Washington, April 9, 2003.\nAri Fleischer, who served as press secretary to President George W. Bush, blamed Trump for creating an environment that promotes leaks, saying that starts at the top.\n\"I do think there is a serious problem with leakers inside the administration and holdovers who can't stand the president and will do anything they can to hurt him. Leaks are a real problem,\" he said. \"But Donald Trump created many of these problems for himself.\"\nA sense of fatigue and despondence has set in as White House officials wait for new balls to drop. Again and again, they have tried to push forward with their agenda, only to see news reports dominated by near-daily leaks.\n\"Somebody is selectively leaking information and facts. And there's a reason it's selective,\" said White House press secretary Sean Spicer, who once demanded that staffers turn over their cellphones so he could inspect them for unauthorized communication. \"It's because they're trying to create ... at least it appears as though somebody is trying to create a narrative or a problem.\"\n\"It's extremely troubling,\" he said.\nThe focus on leaks has also been embraced by Republicans in Congress, who have urged reporters to pay more attention to the source of their stories \u2014 a familiar strategy to deflect the conversation away from bad news.\nAides have been source\nIn many cases, Trump aides have leaked gossip to cement their public standings or tried to communicate with the president through news stories, which he devours.\nErick Erickson, a conservative activist who has been critical of the president, recently wrote that because the notoriously thin-skinned president doesn't like internal criticism, some aides \"are left with no other option but to go to the media, leak the story, and hope that the intense blowback gives the president a swift kick in the butt.\"\nWhite House officials have not said whether there is a leak investigation going on. But they're not the first to rail against leaks and leakers \u2014 or try to root them out.\nIn 2013, for instance, the Obama Justice Department secretly obtained two months of phone records for reporters and editors of The Associated Press, which appeared to be linked to a criminal investigation into leaks about a foiled terrorist plot to bomb an airliner.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - U.S. President Donald Trump meets with Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov, left, next to Russian Ambassador to the U.S. Sergei Kislyak at the White House in Washington, May 10, 2017. (Russian Foreign Ministry photo via AP)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F70CAC66-0414-472C-91E9-27140282FE93.jpg",
        "id": "7339_2",
        "answer": [
            "possible obstruction of justice",
            "shared highly classified information with Russian officials during an Oval Office meeting"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "President Donald Trump",
            "Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_19_3862037",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_19_3862037_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What event shadowed the gathering of people in the image?",
        "context": "China Vows 'Strike' Against Dalai Lama as Tibetans Mark Uprising\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nAs Tibetans around the world marked the 58th anniversary of Tibetan Uprising Day, Chinese officials in Beijing vowed to \"resolutely strike\" against the \"Dalai Lama clique's separatist activities.\"\nChe Dalha, the newly appointed chairman of the Tibetan Autonomous Region, said Beijing would take \"a clear-cut stand against separatism.\"\nChina views the Dalai Lama, Tibet's Buddhist spiritual leader, as a dangerous separatist. The Nobel Peace laureate denies espousing violence and says he only wants genuine autonomy for Tibet.\nChe's remarks, reported by Reuters, came as Tibetans in Dharamsala, the Indian city that is home to the Dalai Lama and the Tibetan administration-in-exile, held its annual commemoration of the Tibetan people's protest against Chinese occupation of Tibet that took place in Lhasa in 1959. Beijing refers to the action as a \"peaceful liberation.\"\n\"Despite the repression and crackdown, Tibetans in Tibet have been at the forefront of the Tibetan freedom struggle,\" said Lobsang Sangay, political leader of the Tibetan administration-in-exile. \"Even today as we speak, there is a major military presence in Lhasa ... making it reminiscent of a war zone.\"\nSurveillance, displays of force\nInternational human rights groups and exiles routinely condemn what they call China's oppressive rule in Tibetan areas. They say pervasive surveillance and displays of military force are being used to intimidate and quell dissent.\nTibetans and supporters protest in front of the Chinese Embassy in New Delhi to mark the 58th anniversary of China\u2019s presence in Tibet, March 10, 2017. (T. Wangyal/VOA)\nSince 2009, protests have included 145 Tibetans in Tibetan areas self-immolating, calling for \"Freedom for Tibet\" and \"Return of His Holiness the Dalai Lama to Tibet.\"\nElsewhere on Friday, from Sydney to San Francisco to Tokyo, Tibetans and supporters marked the anniversary of what is known as the March 10th Uprising.\nIndian police arrested 150 Tibetan activists affiliated with the Tibetan Youth Congress as they protested at the Chinese Embassy in New Delhi.\nIn Minneapolis, the City Council was expected to vote Friday on a resolution in support of Tibetan self-determination, according to the Minneapolis Star Tribune. In a letter Wednesday, the Chinese consul general in Chicago expressed \"deep concerns\" about the council's plans to declare March 10 as Tibet Day.\nSome cities, including Richmond, in the San Francisco Bay Area, flew the Tibetan national flag, which is banned in Tibet, to mark the event.\nThe anniversary commemorations coincided with China's annual National People's Conference in Beijing.\nBeijing meeting\nOn Tuesday, Chinese Premier Li Keqiang met with official delegates from the Tibetan Autonomous Region in Beijing, according to state-run China Tibet Online News. He said Tibet must implement President Xi Jinping's 2012 comment, which has since been a major political slogan in Tibet: \"To govern the nation, we must protect the borders, and to protect the borders, we must first stabilize Tibet.\"\nLi also talked about the importance of economic development in achieving stability in Tibet.\nVOA's Tsering Wangyal in New Delhi contributed to this report, which originated with VOA's Tibetan Service.\n",
        "caption": "Tibetans and supporters protest in front of the Chinese Embassy in New Delhi to mark the 58th anniversary of China\u2019s presence in Tibet, March 10, 2017. (T. Wangyal/VOA)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/BEA6CB62-8808-45B1-9C00-B4524FD41E4E.jpg",
        "id": "19030_2",
        "answer": [
            "March 10th Uprising"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Tibetans and supporters "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_10_3760564",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_10_3760564_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What sudden event occurred with the woman on the image?",
        "context": "Taiwanese President Lands in US\nTaiwan's president landed in Houston Saturday in the southern state of Texas on her way to visit Central America.\nPresident Tsai Ing-wen will not be meeting with U.S. President-elect Donald Trump or any of his officials, the transition team said, despite a surprise call between the two leaders last month.\nTsai had not said who she might contact while in Houston for about a day on her way to Central America or in San Francisco for about the same length of time enroute home later on.\nThe de facto U.S. embassy in Taipei - the American Institute in Taiwan - says Tsai\u2019s stopovers, a courtesy Washington normally gives Latin America-bound Taiwan leaders, are for private business only.\nThe trip, viewed in Taiwan as a test of Taiwan\u2019s stable but fragile foreign relations in the Americas, has drawn attention in Beijing, which already protested the U.S. stopovers and is expected to react if Tsai shows new signs of getting close to Trump.\nChina sees self-ruled Taiwan as part of its territory, not as a state entitled to foreign relations.\nTsai is to visit Honduras, Nicaragua, Guatemala and El Salvador during her nine-day trip.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Taiwan's President Tsai Ing-wen speaks with U.S. President-elect Donald Trump through a speaker phone in Taipei, Taiwan. (Taiwan Presidential Office via AP)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/40870CBA-F3EC-40AA-AB30-C5E3355744BB.jpg",
        "id": "8446_1",
        "answer": [
            "will not be meeting with U.S. President-elect Donald Trump or any of his officials"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            " Tsai Ing-wen"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_07_3667139",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_07_3667139_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person whose name is one the sign in the image do?",
        "context": "Poll: Brazil's Temer Popularity Slides, Lula's 2018 Chances Rise\nBRASILIA \u2014\u00a0\nPresident Michel Temer's approval ratings are sinking as he pushes austerity measures through Brazil's Congress while the popularity of leftist former president Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva is rebounding ahead of 2018 elections, an opinion poll showed Wednesday.\nThe survey by pollster MDA also showed right-wing politician Jair Bolsonaro, an apologist for Brazil's 1965-1984 dictatorship, making gains against centrist candidates in the polarized 2018 presidential race.\nTen months after he took over from impeached leftist Dilma Rousseff, conservative Temer is trying to push unpopular reforms through Congress to tame Brazil's budget deficit and restore business confidence amidst a two-year-long recession.\nFILE - Brazil's President Michel Temer, gestures during an interview with Reuters at his office in Brasilia, Brazil, Jan. 16, 2017.\nTemer's standing has been hurt by new corruption allegations against leaders of his PMDB party and members of his cabinet.\nThe number of Brazilians who consider Temer's government \"bad\" or \"terrible\" has increased to 44.1 percent from 36.7 percent in an October survey, while those who rate it as \"great\" or \"good\" has fallen to 10.3 percent from 14.6 percent.\nDisapproval of the way Temer himself is governing has risen to 62.4 from 51.5 percent in October, MDA said.\nLula, founder of the Workers Party and Brazil's president from 2003-2010, comfortably leads a field of potential candidates in simulated second-round runoff votes for 2018, defeating former 2014 presidential candidates Aecio Neves and Marina Silva, the opinion poll showed.\nFILE - Brazil's former President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva speaks during the opening of the National Congress of Education Experts in Brasilia, Brazil, Jan. 12, 2017.\nLula would thrash Temer if he ran for re-election by the widest margin, 42.9 percent vs. 19.0 percent, MDA said.\nSurveys last year showed that at that time Lula, Brazil's first working-class president, would have been defeated in a runoff.\nHowever, the main hurdles to Lula running again were five corruption investigations, since he would be barred from contesting the election if he were convicted and lost a first appeal.\nBolsonaro, an anti-gay evangelical conservative with a hardline stance on crime and drugs, is running behind Lula and Silva, but competing for third place with Neves in first-round vote simulations, the MDA survey showed.\nMDA surveyed 2,002 people for four days starting on Feb. 8.\nThe poll has a margin of error of 2.2 percentage points. It was commissioned by the national transport lobby CNT.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A woman holds a sign that reads in Portuguese; \"Never Temer!\" to protest the government of acting President Michel Temer in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, May 13, 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/864C88AD-B364-4A6C-A839-704818A39565.jpg",
        "id": "28755_1",
        "answer": [
            "push unpopular reforms through Congress "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Temer"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_15_3726147",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_15_3726147_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What might the person in the image be?",
        "context": "South Korean Court Considers Arresting Park\nSEOUL, SOUTH KOREA \u2014\u00a0\nA South Korean court began deliberating Thursday on whether to arrest ousted president Park Geun-hye, who was removed from office in a corruption scandal involving charges she solicited bribes from the country\u2019s largest conglomerate.\nPark could become South Korea\u2019s third former leader to be jailed for wrongdoing. She is accused of colluding with a friend, Choi Soon-sil, to pressure big businesses to contribute to foundations set up to back her policy initiatives.\nPark vows not to tamper with evidence\nThe 65-year-old appeared expressionless as she arrived at the Seoul Central District Court at 10:20 a.m. (0120 GMT) to plead her case that she should not be arrested while prosecutors investigate the scandal that has ensnared South Korea\u2019s political and business elite.\nPark, South Korea\u2019s first democratically elected leader to be forced from office, argues that she does not pose a flight risk and will not try to tamper with evidence. She and Choi have both denied any wrongdoing.\nShe was removed from office when a constitutional court upheld her parliamentary impeachment this month. \nA judge will study evidence and hear arguments from prosecutors and Park\u2019s lawyers before deciding whether an arrest warrant should be issued.\nIf Park is arrested, prosecutors will then have up to 20 days to file formal charges against her and put her on trial.\nTwo others are on trial\nPark emerged from her private home and quickly stepped into a car before she was driven to the court in a motorcade. Police and security personnel blocked her supporters from spilling into the street to stop her car as it left her house in Seoul\u2019s Gangnam neighborhood.\nProsecutors said Monday Park was accused of soliciting companies for money and infringing upon the freedom of corporate management by using her power as the president. Park was questioned for 14 hours by prosecutors last week.\nShe could face more than 10 years in jail if convicted of receiving bribes from bosses of big conglomerates, including Samsung Group chief Jay Y. Lee, in return for favors.\nLee, who denies charges that he provided bribes in return for favors for Samsung, and Choi are in detention and are on trial separately. \n",
        "caption": "Ousted South Korean President Park Geun-hye arrives at the Seoul Central District Court for hearing on a prosecutors' request for her arrest for corruption, in Seoul, South Korea, March 30, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/75F92246-D4B4-42F1-95A8-21F593D0F063.jpg",
        "id": "1936_1",
        "answer": [
            "South Korea\u2019s third former leader to be jailed for wrongdoing.",
            "South Korea's third former leader to be jailed for wrongdoing",
            "South Korea\u2019s third former leader to be jailed for wrongdoing"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Park Geun-hye",
            "Park",
            "South orean President Park Geun-hye"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_30_3788434",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_30_3788434_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who is the person in the image criticizing?",
        "context": "Contradictions Add Up During Trump's Saudi Visit\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nAs a presidential candidate, Donald Trump railed against President Barack Obama for failing to utter the words \u201cradical Islamic terrorism.\u201d He accused the foundation run by Bill and Hillary Clinton of corruption for accepting charitable contributions from Saudi Arabia and chastised first lady Michelle Obama for not covering her head during a visit to the Kingdom.\nNow that he's president, Trump has changed his tune.\nThe president now finds himself adjusting to the nuances of Middle East diplomacy, where inflammatory campaign slogans - no matter how popular among some voters - can be the cause of major disruptions now that he holds office.\nTrump's visit to Saudi Arabia, at the start of his first trip abroad as president, has produced a number of statements that run counter to the harsh, anti-Muslim rhetoric from his 2016 campaign. While many presidents adjust their commentary once they depart the campaign trail and travel abroad, Trump's speech to Gulf Arab leaders featured a much softer tone than his large-scale rallies last year.\nHere are the most glaring contradictions:\n\u2018Radical Islamic terrorism\u2019\nTHEN: Trump routinely railed against Obama and Democratic campaign rival Hillary Clinton for failing to use the specific phrase, \u201cradical Islamic terrorism.\u201d In an August 2016 speech, for example, Trump said Obama's 2009 speech to the Muslim World in Egypt lacked \u201cmoral courage\u201d and was replete in naivete. \u201cAnyone who cannot name our enemy is not fit to lead this country. Anyone who cannot condemn the hatred, oppression and violence of radical Islam lacks the moral clarity to serve as our president,\u201d he said. Obama had declined to use the term because he said he didn't want to connect terrorist groups like the Islamic State to the religion of Islam and said it would unnecessarily anger Arab allies fighting terrorism and alienate Muslims at home.\nNOW: Trump called on Muslim leaders to address \u201cthe crisis of Islamic extremists\u201d and referenced \u201cthe Islamists and Islamic terror of all kinds.\u201d But he failed to the use the phrase \u201cradical Islamic terrorism\u201d in his major speech on Sunday in front of more than 50 leaders of Arab and Muslim-majority countries. Trump spoke about the devastation that violent extremists have unleashed across the Middle East, but made clear that he believes it's up to leaders of those countries to act to contain the problem.\nIslam\nTHEN: Trump declared in a March 2016 interview with CNN that, \u201cI think Islam hates us\u201d adding that, \u201cthere's a tremendous hatred there.\u201d It was just one of a series of inflammatory statements about one of the world's major religions that included a call to surveille mosques and a proposal to ban all foreign Muslims from entering the U.S. \u201cuntil our country's representatives can figure out what is going on.\u201d\n\u201cFrankly, look, we're having problems with the Muslims, and we're having problems with Muslims coming into the country,'' he told Fox Business Network last March following a series of attacks in Brussels.\n\u201cYou need surveillance, you have to deal with the mosques whether we like it or not,\u201d he added. \u201cThese attacks, they're not done by Swedish people, that I can tell you.\u201d\nNOW: Trump struck a far less caustic tone in Sunday's speech, expressing that \u201cyoung Muslim boys and girls should be able to grow up free from fear, safe from violence, and innocent of hatred. And young Muslim men and women should have the chance to build a new era of prosperity for themselves and their peoples.\u201d\nHe said, the biggest victims of terrorism are the \u201cinnocent people of Arab, Muslim and Middle Eastern nations. They have borne the brunt of the killings and the worst of the destruction in this wave of fanatical violence. Some estimates hold that more than 95 percent of the victims of terrorism are themselves Muslim.\u201d\nIvanka Trump, left, and Melania Trump wait for the start of a speech by President Donald Trump to the Arab Islamic American Summit, at the King Abdulaziz Conference Center, May 21, 2017, in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. In 2015, Trump lashed out at Michelle Obama for not wearing a headscarf on her visit to Saudi Arabia.\nCharitable contributions\nTHEN: During his 2016 campaign, Trump frequently assailed rival Hillary Clinton's ties to the Clinton Foundation, which received millions in donations from Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Qatar and several other Mideast nations. In a June 2016 posting on Facebook, Trump said, \u201cSaudi Arabia and many of the countries that gave vast amounts of money to the Clinton Foundation want women as slaves and to kill gays. Hillary must return all money from such countries!\u201d During an October general election debate in Las Vegas, Trump went further: \u201cIt's a criminal enterprise,\u201d he said of the Clinton's charitable foundation. \u201cSaudi Arabia giving $25 million, Qatar, all of these countries. You talk about women and women's rights? So these are people that push gays off business - off buildings. These are people that kill women and treat women horribly. And yet you take their money....\u201d \u201cWon't you give back the money you've taken from certain countries that treat certain groups of people so terrible?\u201d\nNOW: The World Bank announced Sunday at an event with Trump's daughter and White House adviser, Ivanka Trump, that Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates had pledged $100 million for the bank's proposed Women Entrepreneurs Fund, which was first proposed by Ivanka Trump. \nSaudi Arabia\nTHEN: Trump had plenty of harsh words for Saudi Arabia before his election. He accused the kingdom of wanting \u201cwomen as slaves and to kill gays\u201d in a Facebook post and suggested they were being behind the September 11, 2001, terror attacks.\n\u201cWho blew up the World Trade Center?\u201d he asked during one Fox News appearance. \u201cIt wasn't the Iraqis, it was Saudi - take at look at Saudi Arabia, open the documents,\u201d he demanded. \u201cIf you open the documents, I think you're going to see that it was Saudi Arabia, it wasn't Iraq.\u201d\nNOW: Trump heaped praised on the Saudis Sunday, describing the country as a \u201cmagnificent kingdom.\u201d\n\u201cI am honored to be received by such gracious hosts,'' he said in his opening remarks. \u201cI have always heard about the splendor of your country and the kindness of your people, but words do not do justice to the grandeur of this sacred place.\u201d\nHeadscarf\nTHEN: Trump lashed out at Michelle Obama on Twitter in 2015 when she opted against wearing a headscarf on her visit to Saudi Arabia.\n\u201cMany people are saying it was wonderful that Mrs. Obama refused to wear a scarf in Saudi Arabia, but they were insulted. We have enuf enemies,\u201d Trump tweeted at the time, including a short-hand spelling for \u201cenough.\u201d\nNOW: First lady Melania Trump and the president's eldest daughter Ivanka showed off their locks, following in the footsteps, not only of Michelle Obama, but of female leaders like German Chancellor Angela Merkel and British Prime Minister Theresa May.\nMelania even opted to show a little leg on day two of their trip, wearing a dress that ended just below the knees.\n",
        "caption": "President Donald Trump takes a drink of water before delivering a speech to the Arab Islamic American Summit, at the King Abdulaziz Conference Center, May 21, 2017, in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/EBA1632A-0ED1-4FB3-8F88-52395020A264.jpg",
        "id": "1863_1",
        "answer": [
            "Barack Obama"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Donald Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_21_3864288",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_21_3864288_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What will the man waving in the image depend on ?",
        "context": "South Korean President Promises to Heal Divisions at Home and Abroad\nSEOUL \u2014\u00a0\nMoon Jae-in has been sworn into office as president of South Korea, just one day after winning the presidential election by the widest margin of victory in the country\u2019s history.\nThe early election was brought on by the impeachment of ex-President Park Geun-hye for her alleged involvement in a corruption scandal in which large family run conglomerates paid over $69 million to dubious foundations run by her close friend and associates in return for government favors.\nWATCH: Video report of Moon Jae-in's inauguration\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nNew South Korean President Promises to Heal Divisions at Home and Abroad\nShare this video\n0:02:04\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:04\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 5.9MB\n360p | 8.9MB\n720p | 56.2MB\n1080p | 38.8MB\nIn his inauguration address at the National Assembly Wednesday, the liberal leader of the Democratic Party of Korea said he will lead by example to end government corruption.\n\u201cI will be a clean president. I come to my inauguration for president with nothing in my hands and I will step out with nothing in my hands. Later I will go back to my home and become an ordinary citizen,\u201d said President Moon.\nBecause an un-elected acting government was put in place during the impeachment process, Moon was inaugurated with little fanfare just hours after the official election results were announced.\nChecks and balances\nOn the domestic front, Moon said he will initiate political reforms to put checks and balances on the power of the presidency and crack down on illicit corporate practices. He has also promised to increase government spending on education and job creation while increasing taxes on the wealthy.\nMoon won 13.4 million votes, 41 percent of the electorate, according to the National Election Commission. Overall 32 million votes were cast, making voter turnout in this election the highest in 20 years.\nWhile the new president fell short of winning an outright majority, his closest competitor in a field of 13 candidates, conservative Liberty Korea Party candidate Hong Joon-pyo, won just 7.85 million votes, or 24.03 percent of the total number cast.\nMoon\u2019s party also does not have a clear majority in the National Assembly and will likely need help from the more centrist People\u2019s Party that supported his presidential rival Ahn Choel-soo, who came in third with 21.5 percent of the votes.\nU.S. alliance\nOn dealing with the North Korean nuclear threat, the new president and former human right lawyer said he is prepared to lead a major international diplomatic effort to search for a peaceful resolution to the increasingly tense security situation in the region.\n\u201cIf needed I will fly directly to Washington. I will go to Beijing and Tokyo. And if conditions are met I will go to Pyongyang. In order to bring about peace and security on the Korean Peninsula I will do everything that I can,\u201d he said.\nMoon wants to increase dialogue and engagement with North Korea while also maintaining pressure and sanctions to encourage change. His position conflicts with that of U.S. President Donald Trump, who seeks to increase pressure on Pyongyang through further isolation and sanctions.\nMoon has also been reluctant to support the deployment of the U.S. THAAD missile defense system, for which Trump recently demanded $1 billion in added defense costs. China has also opposed the advanced weapons system as a threat to the region and has retaliated against South Korea with limits on tourism and imports.\nMoon has played down policy differences with Washington. Emphasizing the importance of the U.S. alliance with South Korea he has expressed confidence that Seoul and Washington ultimately want the same thing, to bring North Korea to the negotiating table to peacefully resolve the nuclear threat.\nHowever North Korea analyst Katharine Moon, with the Center for East Asia Policy Studies at Brookings Institution, said the new South Korean president\u2019s \u201cgood cop\u201d unconditional engagement polices would likely only appease Pyongyang while undermining Washington\u2019s stepped up efforts to persuade China to increase sanctions.\n\u201cIt doesn\u2019t hurt to have a good cop, bad cop when you\u2019re dealing with a very tough opponent, which North Korea is. But we are not in an ideal world situation in politics, and the times right now don\u2019t call for that much of a good cop frankly,\u201d said Professor Moon.\nWorld reactions\nThe White House has released a statement congratulating the newly elected South Korean president, saying the U.S. looks forward to working with Moon to strengthen the alliance and \u201cdeepen the enduring friendship and partnership between our two countries.\u201d\nChinese President Xi Jinping and Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe also congratulated Moon on Wednesday. Xi said China was willing to handle disputes with South Korea \"appropriately\" on the basis of mutual trust and understanding.\nAbe said in a statement he looked forward to working with Moon to improve bilateral relations, describing Seoul as one of Japan's \"most important\" regional neighbors.\nYoumi Kim in Seoul contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "South Korea's new President Moon Jae-in waves to neighborhoods and supporters with his wife Kim Jung-sook upon their arrival outside the presidential Blue House in Seoul, South Korea, May 10, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/69C4CABD-5BF4-476E-A1BE-C37AB5AB0451.jpg",
        "id": "23844_1",
        "answer": [
            "the more centrist People\u2019s Party "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Moon"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_10_3845763",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_10_3845763_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the nation flying the banner in the image do?",
        "context": "Militants, Afghanistan Question Pakistan\u2019s Anti-terror Crackdown Claims\nISLAMABAD \u2014\u00a0\nA splinter faction of the Pakistani Taliban is accusing security forces in Pakistan of killing its detained members in \u201cfake encounters,\u201d and has denied as false army attacks on the group\u2019s \u201cimaginary\u201d camps.\nThe Pakistan military\u2019s media wing says security forces have killed more than 100 \u201cterrorists\u201d in a nationwide crackdown in response to this past week\u2019s deadly militant attacks, including the suicide bombing of a famous Sufi shrine in the country\u2019s south.\nAuthorities say that militants killed in the crackdown belonged to terrorist groups, including the splinter Jammat-ul Ahrar (JuA) faction, which has taken credit for most of the violence, although Islamic State claimed responsibility for bombing the shrine, which killed around 90 devotees and wounded more than 300 others.\nIn a statement sent to reporters Saturday, Jammat-ul Ahrar asserted its recent bombing and other attacks in Pakistan have \u201cembarrassed\u201d the military and prompted it to falsely demonstrate \u201cbravery\u201c through a baseless media propaganda campaign.\nPakistani officials maintain Jammat-ul Ahrar used its sanctuaries in border areas of Afghanistan to mastermind the violence.\nOn Friday, the military also handed over a list of 76 \u201cterrorists\u201d to Afghan diplomats in Islamabad, saying they are hiding on their side of the border and demanded Kabul swiftly take action against the militants and hand them over to Pakistan.\nPakistani troops have also shelled areas across the Afghan border since the attack on the shrine. Local media quoted sources as saying the targets were JuA\u2019s camps and killed \"a large number of militants.\"\n\u201cOur fighters are safe in their camps and the enemy cannot even think of going into those areas,\u201d the JuA statement said, without elaborating. It was not possible to independently verify the militant claims.\nThe United States is among countries that have designated Jammat-ul Ahrar as a global terrorist group.\nPakistani para-military soldiers guard the site of a deadly suicide attack at the shrine of famous Sufi Lal Shahbaz Qalandar in Sehwan, Pakistan, Feb. 16, 2017. Pakistan military\u2019s says that the attack was among incidents that prompted a an intensified anti-terror crackdown by the army.\nSuccesses overinflated?\nPakistani troops have been conducting major security operations in tribal areas near the Afghan border since June, 2014, and claim to have cleared most of them of insurgent bases and terrorist networks blamed for years of violence in the country that killed tens of thousands of people.\nThe actions led to a significant decline in militant attacks in recent months. But the latest spike in violence in Pakistan suggests the militants are still capable of staging attacks at will.\nMeanwhile, the Afghan military welcomed and promised Saturday to look into the Pakistani list of 76 suspected terrorists because the Afghan government is determined not to allow its soil to be used for terrorist activities in other countries.\nBut speaking to reporters in Kabul, Army Chief General Qadam Shah Shaheem reiterated long-running Afghan demands for Islamabad to take action against sanctuaries on its side of the border being used for insurgent attacks in Afghanistan.\n\u201cWe will investigate it (the Pakistani list), and if there is a need for more evidence and documents we will ask for it. But we also handed over a number of lists with enough evidences and documents to Pakistan and we hope they will also sincerely take action on them,\u201d asserted General Shaheem.\nHe also criticized Pakistan for unilaterally sealing border crossings with Afghanistan following recent militant attacks, calling the action against \u201call diplomatic norms and unfortunate.\u201d\nThe Afghan general also alleged that on Friday alone Pakistani troops fired about 200 shells into a border district of eastern Afghan province of Nangarhar. He did not say whether the firing caused any damage.\nMutual terrorism allegations have plunged relations between Pakistan and Afghanistan to new lows in recent months. The latest round of a \"war of words\" is likely to present challenges to efforts to improve ties.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A Pakistani flag flies on top of a Pakistani check point at the Goshta district of Nangarhar province, where Afghanistan shares a border with Pakistan, May 2, 2013. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/61526C84-D3DD-4D87-B9C8-12D60ABC31A7.jpg",
        "id": "24626_1",
        "answer": [
            "killed more than 100 \u201cterrorists\u201d in a nationwide crackdown"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Pakistan"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_18_3730032",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_18_3730032_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What leader was the man in the image being searched in the image associated with?",
        "context": "Ex-governor of Mexican State Agrees to Extradition from Guatemala\nGUATEMALA CITY \u2014\u00a0\nA former state governor from Mexico's ruling party, wanted on charges of embezzlement and organized crime, agreed on Tuesday to be extradited to his homeland from Guatemala, where he was arrested in April.\nJavier Duarte, who was governor of the Gulf state of Veracruz until last year, said in a court in Guatemala City that he was willing to face accusations against him in Mexico, although he denied any wrongdoing.\n\u201cI accept the extradition,\u201d said Duarte, who has become emblematic of corruption in Mexico.\nDuarte, bespectacled and sporting a beard, appeared relaxed in court. He was arrested at a hotel in Panajachel, a village on the shores of Lake Atitlan, and is being held in a military prison in the capital.\nDuarte, who governed Veracruz as a member of President Enrique Pena Nieto's Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), has been accused of using state institutions to funnel public funds into private companies.\nUnder Duarte's rule, Veracruz descended into a chaotic cycle of violence, with mass graves having been discovered last year after he left office.\n",
        "caption": "Police search Mexico's former Veracruz state governor Javier Duarte before returning him to his jail cell, after he attended a court hearing in Guatemala City, June 27, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/2A2AFAC0-F576-4A6B-BAE0-5085017993EA.jpg",
        "id": "33423_1",
        "answer": [
            "President Enrique Pena Nieto"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Duarte"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_27_3918712",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_27_3918712_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person wearing the blue suit in the image allegedly try?",
        "context": "North Korea Detains Fourth US Citizen\nNorth Korea says it has detained another U.S. citizen, accusing him of committing \"hostile acts.\"\nThe North's official news agency KCNA said Kim Hak Song was detained on Saturday. The report said he had worked for the Pyongyang University of Science and Technology, the only privately funded university in North Korea and a school that is also unusual for the large size of its foreign staff.\nIn a statement, the U.S. State Department said, \"The security of U.S. citizens is one of the department's highest priorities. When a U.S. citizen is reported to be detained in North Korea, we work with the Swedish embassy in Pyongyang\" to try to secure their freedom.\nKim Hak Song is the fourth American citizen in North Korean custody and his detention comes as tensions increase between Pyongyang and Washington over North Korea's nuclear weapons development program. U.S. President Donald Trump has dispatched an aircraft carrier strike group to the waters off the Korean peninsula as a warning against the communist nation's military ambitions.\nFILE - This image made from a May 21, 2014, video shows a building at the Pyongyang University of Science and Technology.\nOther detainees\nLast month, Pyongyang detained Kim Sang Dok, a Pyongyang University accounting professor in his 50s it accused of \"acts of hostility aimed to overturn\" the regime of the North Korean leader, Kim Jong Un. North Korea said Kim Sang Dok was arrested \"for committing criminal acts,\" but did not elaborate.\nIn the case of Kim Hak Song, authorities said, \"A relevant institution is now conducting detailed investigation into his crimes.\"\nIn a 2015 message on the website of a Korean-Brazilian church in Sao Paulo, Kim Hak Song said he was a Christian missionary planning to start an experimental farm at the Pyongyang school and was trying to help the North Korean people learn to become self-sufficient.\nNorth Korea has in the past detained U.S. citizens to use as bargaining chips in its negotiations with Washington.\nLast year, Otto Warmbier, a University of Virginia student, was sentenced to 15 years of hard labor in prison after he confessed to trying to steal a propaganda banner.\nFILE - FILE - In this combination of file photos, U.S. citizens Otto Warmbier on March 16, 2016, left, and Kim Dong Chul on April 29, 2016; are escorted at court in Pyongyang, North Korea.\nKim Dong Chul, born a South Korean but believed to have U.S. citizenship, is serving 10 years of hard labor for subversion.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - FILE - In this combination of file photos, U.S. citizens Otto Warmbier on March 16, 2016, left, and Kim Dong Chul on April 29, 2016; are escorted at court in Pyongyang, North Korea.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/6DCEE021-63F2-405A-8636-5AACF34AD98A.jpg",
        "id": "26746_3",
        "answer": [
            "subversion"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Kim Dong Chul"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_07_3841224",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_07_3841224_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What happened to those who participated in the event that happened before the woman in the image came out?",
        "context": "In Shadow of Deadly Attacks, British Election Campaign Resumes\nLONDON \u2014\u00a0\nAfter a militant attack on a nightlife district of London this weekend, British Prime Minister Theresa May will resume campaigning on Monday just three days before a national election which polls show is much\ntighter than previously predicted.\nMay said Britain must be tougher in stamping out Islamist extremism after three knife-wielding assailants rammed a hired van into pedestrians on London Bridge and stabbed others nearby, killing seven people and injuring 48.\nAfter the third militant attack in Britain in less than three months, May said Thursday's election would go ahead. But she said Britain had been far too tolerant of extremism.\n\"Violence can never be allowed to disrupt the democratic process,\" May said outside her Downing Street office, where British flags flew at half-staff.\nIslamic State on Sunday night claimed responsibility for the attack via the militant group's agency Amaq.\n\"A detachment of Islamic State fighters executed yesterday's London attack,\" a statement posted on Amaq's media page, monitored in Cairo, said.\nLondon police arrested 12 people in the Barking district of east London in connection with the attack and raids were continuing there, the force said. Police have not released the names of the attackers.\nIt was not immediately clear how the attack would impact the election. The campaign was suspended for several days last month when a suicide bomber killed 22 people at a concert by Ariana Grande in Manchester.\nGrande gave an emotional performance on Sunday at a benefit gig in the city for the victims of the attack, singing with a choir of local schoolchildren, including some who had been at her show.\nBefore the London Bridge attack, May's gamble on a June 8 snap election had been thrust into doubt after polls showed her Conservative Party's lead had collapsed in recent weeks.\nBritain's Prime Minister Theresa May prepares to speak outside 10 Downing Street after an attack on London Bridge and Borough Market left 7 people dead and dozens injured in London, Britain, June 4, 2017.\nShadow of attacks\nWhile British pollsters all predict May will win the most seats in Thursday's election, they have given an array of different numbers for how big her win will be, ranging from a landslide victory to a much more slender win without a majority.\nSome polls indicate the election could be close, possibly throwing Britain into political deadlock just days before formal Brexit talks with the European Union are due to begin on June 19.\nIn a sign of how much her campaign has soured just five days before voting begins, May's personal rating turned negative for the first time in one of ComRes's polls since she won the top job in the turmoil following the June 23 Brexit referendum.\nMay called the snap election in a bid to strengthen her hand in negotiations on Britain's exit from the European Union, to win more time to deal with the impact of the divorce and to strengthen her grip on the Conservative Party.\nIf she fails to beat handsomely the 12-seat majority her predecessor David Cameron won in 2015, her electoral gamble will have failed and her authority will be undermined both inside the Conservative Party and at talks with 27 other EU leaders.\nMay said the series of attacks were not connected in terms of planning and execution, but were inspired by what she called a \"single, evil ideology of Islamist extremism\" that represented a perversion of Islam and of the truth.\nOpposition Labor leader Jeremy Corbyn criticized May, who was interior minister from 2010 to 2016, for cutting police numbers during her tenure in charge of the Interior Ministry.\n\"The mass murderers who brought terror to our streets in London and Manchester want our election to be halted. They want democracy halted,\" Corbyn said in Carlisle, northern England.\n\"They want their violence to overwhelm our right to vote in a fair and peaceful election and to go about our lives freely.\" \"That is why it would be completely wrong to postpone next Thursday's vote, or to suspend our campaigning any longer.\"\nWhen May stunned political opponents and financial markets by calling the snap election, her poll ratings indicated she could be on course to win a landslide majority on a par with the 1983 majority of 144 won by Margaret Thatcher.\nBut since then, May's lead has been eroded, meaning she might no longer score the thumping victory over socialist Corbyn she had hoped for ahead of Brexit negotiations.\n",
        "caption": "Britain's Prime Minister Theresa May prepares to speak outside 10 Downing Street after an attack on London Bridge and Borough Market left 7 people dead and dozens injured in London, Britain, June 4, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/C9C96C4C-B362-4C57-9BDC-91F129475A00.jpg",
        "id": "23027_2",
        "answer": [
            "London police arrested 12 people in the Barking district of east London in connection with the attack and raids "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "attack"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_04_3886563",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_04_3886563_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who is seeing the person on the picture in the image?",
        "context": "German, US Doctors to Examine Chinese Dissident Liu Xiaobo\nHAMBURG, GERMANY / BEIJING \u2014\u00a0\nThe United States is arranging for an American doctor to visit China to examine ailing Chinese dissident Liu Xiaobo, and a German cancer specialist is at the hospital in northeastern China that is treating the Nobel Peace laureate, U.S. and German sources said Friday.\nLiu, 61, was jailed for 11 years in 2009 for \"inciting subversion of state power\" after he helped write a petition known as \"Charter 08\" calling for sweeping political reforms.\nHe was recently moved from jail to a hospital in China's northeastern city of Shenyang to be treated for late-stage liver cancer.\n\"The U.S. Department of State is facilitating travel for an American medical expert to come to China,\" said Anna Richey-Allen, a spokeswoman for the U.S. State Department's East Asia bureau. \"We have asked that China grant these doctors unhindered access to Liu.\"\nFILE - Video clips show China's jailed Nobel Peace laureate Liu Xiaobo lying on a bed receiving medical treatment at a hospital, left, and Liu saying wardens take good care of him, on a computer screens in Beijing, June 29, 2017.\nA source at Germany's foreign ministry said that the German cancer specialist is at the hospital that is treating Liu.\n\"We hear that his condition has deteriorated rapidly. We are very concerned about that,\" the German source said.\nThe hospital has invited doctors from the United States and Germany to help with Liu's treatment, the Shenyang city justice department said Wednesday.\nOn Friday evening, the hospital said that Liu's appetite was \"quite poor\" and that abdominal fluid that had built up had been drained.\nA woman who answered the hospital telephone earlier Friday said she did not know about Liu's case.\nBrother-in-law weighs in\nOn Thursday, Liu's brother-in-law, Liu Hui, denied that doctors had halted medication for him, in a letter released by the hospital, following rumors that the dissident was too ill for treatment to continue.\nA family friend of Liu said his medication had been halted as his liver was unable to take it.\n\"The Chinese government often pressures family members to write statements or record videos to make claims in its favor,\" Patrick Poon, a China researcher for rights group Amnesty International, said in a message, referring to the letter.\n\"If Liu Hui is free, why can't he talk to journalists?\" added Poon, who is based in Hong Kong.\nCalls have grown from rights groups, international bodies and western governments for China to allow Liu and his wife, Liu Xia, to be treated overseas if they wish.\nFILE - Protesters carry a large image of jailed Chinese Nobel Peace laureate Liu Xiaobo as they march during a pro-democracy protest in Hong Kong, July 1, 2017.\nThe European Parliament on Thursday urged China to immediately release the couple from house arrest, and allow Liu to seek treatment freely.\nChinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Geng Shuang declined on Friday to comment about Liu's treatment and media access to his family.\nHowever, he expressed displeasure at the involvement of the United Nations, after Zeid Ra'ad al-Hussein, the U.N. high commissioner for human rights, met Chinese officials about Liu.\n\"Relevant U.N. officials should strictly abide by the U.N. charter's purposes and principles, should respect China's judicial sovereignty and not interfere in China's internal affairs,\" Geng told a daily news briefing.\nU.N. seeks access\nThe U.N. human rights office on Friday said it was very concerned about reports of serious deterioration in Liu's health.\n\"The High Commissioner has requested that a senior U.N. official be urgently granted access to Liu Xiaobo and to Liu Xia,\" it said in a briefing note.\n\"However, we have so far received no response from the Chinese government to this request.\"\nDiplomatic sources in Beijing say China has been nervous that the concerns over Liu could overshadow President Xi Jinping's appearance at a summit of the Group of 20 nations in Hamburg, Germany, on Friday and Saturday.\nAt the meeting, Xi will seek to project Chinese leadership on issues such as climate change and free trade.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A protester holds an image of to jailed dissident Liu Xiaobo outside of the Chinese Embassy in Oslo, Dec. 9, 2010. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/EA5E966E-821F-45B5-BB43-D646FD1F2E91.jpg",
        "id": "26132_1",
        "answer": [
            "a German cancer specialist"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Liu Xiaobo"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_07_3933294",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_07_3933294_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person holding the trophy in the image try to attend?",
        "context": "Syrian Oscar Nominee Says Can't Get to Ceremony Because of Passport Problem\nBEIRUT, LEBANON \u2014\u00a0\nA Syrian cameraman and rescue worker whose documentary about the \"White Helmets\" Civil Defense group has been nominated for an Oscar will not attend the awards ceremony because Damascus has canceled his passport, the group said on Sunday.\nThe White Helmets operate a rescue service in rebel-held parts of Syria, which have been subjected to fierce bombardment by the government and Russia's air force during the country's civil war that has leveled whole city districts.\nTheir film, nominated in the Oscars short subject documentary category, gives a glimpse into the daily lives of the volunteers.\nSyria's government under President Bashar al-Assad has accused the group of being a front for al-Qaeda and of faking footage of the aftermath of air strikes for propaganda purposes, charges the White Helmets deny.\nTwo of the rescue workers, their leader Raed Saleh and Khaled Khatib, who is also a cameraman, were given visas by the United States to visit the country for the Oscars' ceremony in Los Angeles on Sunday night.\nHowever, in a statement early on Sunday, the White Helmets said that Saleh would not be able to leave his work because of the high intensity of air strikes while Khatib could not attend because Syria's government had canceled his passport.\n\"The Syrian Civil Defense are grateful for the platform the film 'The White Helmets' is providing for their humanitarian message to reach around the world,\" the statement said.\n",
        "caption": "Raed al-Saleh (C), head of the Syria Civil Defense 'White Helmets', receives the Right Livelihood Award prize from Jakob von Uexkull (L), the founder of the award, during a ceremony at the Vasa Museum in Stockholm, Sweden, Nov. 25, 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/2AD28D4E-7C33-4D74-A08A-B6DFD08A76BB.jpg",
        "id": "31638_1_1",
        "answer": [
            "the Oscars' ceremony in Los Angeles"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Raed Saleh"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_26_3740514",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_26_3740514_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What country sent people like those in the image to discourage a grassroots movement?",
        "context": "Bahrain Court Orders Dissolution of Last Major Opposition Group\nDUBAI, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES \u2014\u00a0\nA court in Bahrain ordered the country's last main opposition group dissolved and its property confiscated Wednesday in the latest blow to reformers and dissenting voices in the Middle Eastern island nation.\nThe Bahrain Institute for Rights and Democracy said the political society known as Waad planned to appeal the ruling. Waad confirmed the court order for its dissolution on its official Twitter account.\nThe Justice Ministry had launched proceedings to dissolve the 15-year-old group, alleging that Waad incited acts of terrorism, promoted the violent overthrow of the Sunni-led government and \"glorified convicted terrorists and saboteurs.\" The government used similarly broad wording to dissolve the country's largest Shi'ite opposition group, al-Wefaq.\nBahrain is a majority Shi'ite nation ruled by a Sunni monarchy with close ties to Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, which sent forces to help quell an Arab Spring-style uprising in 2011.\nThe government accuses Shi'ite-ruled Iran, which lies across the Persian Gulf from Bahrain, of arming and training some protesters to destabilize the country. Shi'ite militant groups have claimed responsibility for some deadly attacks on police, but Iran denies it has trained or assisted groups in Bahrain.\nWaad's dissolution came a week after five people died in a police raid on the hometown of a prominent Shi'ite cleric who was stripped of his nationality and faces possible deportation. Police arrested 286 people in the raid, adding to the hundreds more who have been jailed, forced into exile or stripped of their nationality in recent years.\nBoth Shi'ite, Sunni activists\nTwo smaller opposition groups remain active, but Waad was seen as the last major opposition group still functioning in Bahrain, which is home to the U.S. Navy's 5th Fleet. The secular group included both Shi'ite and Sunni activists and political figures. Its offices were targeted by vandals and twice set ablaze.\n\"Today matters because it says the government won't just not tolerate Shi'ite opposition, it won't tolerate any opposition,\" Brian Dooley, a senior adviser at Human Rights First, told The Associated Press.\nRights group Amnesty International said Bahrain \"is now heading towards total suppression of human rights\" with Wednesday's court ruling.\nThe case stems from a statement Waad made in February on the anniversary of the country's 2011 uprising in which the group criticized the Bahraini constitution.\n\"Their only so-called 'crime' is exercising their right to freedom of expression and association,\" said Lynn Maalouf, director of research at Amnesty International's Beirut regional office.\nSeparately, Amnesty International reports that human rights activist Ebtisam al-Saegh said she was tortured for seven hours in Bahrain during an interrogation last month. She said she was blindfolded, beaten, kicked and kept standing for most of the time, and that she was threatened with the rape of her daughter and the torture of her husband.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - This image provided by an activist who requested to remain unnamed shows Bahraini security forces during a raid on a sit-in demonstration, in Diraz, Bahrain, May 23, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B25A0B01-5C5A-40E4-82D2-B44CBBBE4112.jpg",
        "id": "27360_1",
        "answer": [
            "Bahrain "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "forces "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_31_3881444",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_31_3881444_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What was the woman on the image subjected to?",
        "context": "Charity Worker Freed in Egypt Meets Trump\nAn Egyptian-American aid worker who was freed Thursday night after spending almost three years in an Egyptian prison met with U.S. President Donald Trump at the White House on Friday morning.\nAya Hijazi and her husband, Mohamed Hassanein, an Egyptian, were acquitted earlier this week of child abuse charges stemming from an aid organization they established to help street children in Egypt.\nWATCH: Trump on Hijazi's release \nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTrump Meets Released Egyptian American Prisoner\nShare this video\n0:00:55\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:55\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 2.7MB\n360p | 4.7MB\n480p | 28.4MB\nThe charges were widely decried by international human rights groups and the U.S. government. Trump and Egyptian President Abdel-Fattah el-Sissi spoke about the case earlier this month, and the White House was able to negotiate the release of Hijazi and her husband, along with four other humanitarian workers.\nDuring her visit to the White House, Trump said he was very happy to have the aid worker back in the U.S. He did not take questions from reporters in the room.\nHijazi, a dual national, was born in Egypt and grew up in Falls Church, Virginia, a Washington suburb. She received a degree in conflict resolution from George Mason University in 2009.\n",
        "caption": "President Donald Trump meets with Aya Hijazi, an Egyptian-American aid worker, in the Oval office of the White House in Washington, April 21, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/3D52677A-F425-40A2-8330-4CFDC5FAB8D8.jpg",
        "id": "5737_1",
        "answer": [
            "spending almost three years in an Egyptian prison"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Aya Hijazi"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_21_3820347",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_21_3820347_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the people in the image agree on?",
        "context": "US, Mexico Reach Sugar Pact Without Backing from US Producers\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nThe U.S. and Mexican governments reached a new agreement to significantly shift their sugar trade mix, but U.S. sugar producers have failed to endorse the deal, leaving question marks over whether it could still sour broader trade relations.\nU.S. Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross said the \"agreement in principle\" with Mexican Economy Minister Ildefonso Guajardo calls for Mexico to reduce the share of refined sugar in its exports to the United States, while increasing the share of raw sugar.\nHe said Mexico met nearly every request by the U.S. sugar industry to fix problems with a 2014 sugar trade agreement.\n\"Unfortunately, despite all of these gains, the U.S. sugar industry has said it is unable to support the agreement in its present form,\" Ross said without elaborating on their objections.\nHe added that the agreement would go through a final drafting stage in which he hoped that the U.S. producers could come on board with it.\nAsked how long this would take, Ross said, \"It should be days, not weeks or months.\"\nThe deal cut by Ross and Guajardo leaves Mexico's overall access to the U.S. sugar market unchanged but refined sugar must fall to 30 percent of overall imports from Mexico from a previous limit 53 percent.\nIt also lifts the U.S. price paid for Mexican raw sugar to 23 cents per pound from 22.25 cents, while, the price for refined sugar will rise to 28 cents per pound from 26 cents.\nThese prices exclude shipping and packaging costs, the Commerce Department said in a summary.\nAn agreement was expected to help avoid potential retaliation from Mexico on imports of U.S. high-fructose corn syrup, a trade battle that would heighten U.S.-Mexico tensions as both countries along with Canada prepare to begin renegotiating the 23-year-old North American Free Trade Agreement in August.\nRoss on Monday extended the deadline for the negotiations by 24 hours to complete what he called \"final technical consultations\" for a deal.\nSources on both sides of the border said on Monday that the U.S. sugar industry had added new demands outside of the terms agreed on earlier in the day by the two governments.\nFILE - A sugar cane field is pictured in Zacatepec de Hidalgo, in Morelos state, Mexico, May 31, 2017.\nU.S. refiners have complained that high-quality Mexican raw sugar was going straight to sugar consumers, rather than passing through U.S. refineries.\nThe deal would mark the culmination of a years-long dispute between the countries over sugar, after U.S. groups three years ago asked the government for protection from dumping of subsidized imports from Mexico.\nIn 2014, the U.S. government slapped large duties on Mexican sugar but hammered out a deal with Mexico that suspended those levies. Factions of the U.S. industry have said that the deal has failed to eliminate harm from Mexican imports.\nThe U.S. industry involved in the dispute include a coalition of cane and beet farming groups as well as ASR Group, the maker of Domino Sugar that is owned by the politically connected Fanjul family.\nASR and fellow cane refiner Imperial Sugar, owned by commodities firm Louis Dreyfus Company BV, have said they are being starved of raw supplies under the current deal.\nThey have asked the U.S. government to terminate the pact.\nThe latest talks began in March, two months after U.S. President Donald Trump took office vowing a tougher line on trade to protect U.S. industry and jobs.\n",
        "caption": "Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross and Mexico Secretary of the Economy Ildefonso Guajardo Villarreal shake hands after a news conference at the U.S. Chamber of Commerce in Washington, June 6, about Mexico sugar exports. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/29ED6C8E-F57D-4DBA-BB74-9E8B87DE6230.jpg",
        "id": "5360_1",
        "answer": [
            "for Mexico to reduce the share of refined sugar in its exports to the United States, while increasing the share of raw sugar.",
            "Mexico sugar exports"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Wilbur Ross",
            "Wilbur Ross, Guajardo Villarreal "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_06_3889690",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_06_3889690_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is happening to the people in the image?",
        "context": "Fears Grow Turkey Is Getting Sucked into Syrian Conflict\nISTANBUL \u2014\u00a0\nTurkish media report thousands more soldiers will be sent into Syria, as Turkish forces struggle to recapture the strategically important town of al-Bab from so-called Islamic State.\nLast month, 16 Turkish soldiers were killed in one attack in al-Bab, where jihadists increasingly are using suicide bombers and truck bombs in the fight over the town.\nal-Bab, Syria\n\"The conflict is proving to be much more difficult; al-Bab has still not been captured,\" said Al-Monitor website political columnist Semih Idiz. He argued the battle for the town has become politically important.\n\"Although statements from the [Turkish] president recently were suggesting it was imminent, it was a matter of time; it still has not happened,\" he said. \"So what do you do? We know it from Vietnam, we know it from all over the place, the first reaction is to pour in more soldiers.That already shows you are being sucked in.\"\nTurkish military vehicles drive by Free Syrian Army fighters, backed by Turkey, in the Syrian rebel-held town of al-Rai as they head towards the northern Syrian town of al-Bab, Jan. 9, 2017.\nThe Turkish Army launched Operation Euphrates Shield last August, ostensibly to support the Free Syrian Army, or FSA, the rebel group fighting with Turkish forces in Syria.\nRetired Brigadier General Haldun Solmazturk heads the 21st Century Turkey Institute, an Ankara-based research group. He said the battle for al-Bab has revealed crucial shortcomings in the FSA.\n\"An army has some kind of command chain; it has some discipline; it has some motivation; it has some kind of training; at least they give the impression that it respects the rules of war,\" said Solmazturk. \"None of these can be applied to the groups that are associated with the Free Syrian Army, so this was a major mistake to involve the Free Syrian Army.\"\nWith the Turkish military ravaged by ongoing purges of its ranks since a failed coup in July, there are questions over its ability to step up its commitment in Syria, warned Solmazturk.\n\"In a country like Turkey, involved in actual military operations in more than one foreign country, as well as large-scale anti-terror operations with the country itself, to ... reinforce ... an existing Turkish unit in Syria around al-Bab itself, I doubt if such thousands are available or can be made available by the Turkish army.\"\nImage made from militant video posted online by the Aamaq News Agency, a media arm of the Islamic State group, Jan. 9, 2017, purports to show the moment of a Turkish missile strike, in the northern Syrian town of al-Bab, in Aleppo province, Syria.\nAnalysts say a sign of Ankara's growing frustrations is the fact it chided Washington for failing to provide air support for the Turkish military operation in al-Bab.\n\"it is realizing that it cannot do this on it own, that it needs support, wherever it ... comes from, even [the] Russian side or American side or some kind of Middle East power group,\" said Idiz.\nThere is likely to be a price for that support. Operation Euphrates Shield targets the Syrian Kurdish militia the YPG along with Islamic State. Turkey says both groups are terrorist organizations; but, the YPG is seen by Turkey's Western allies and Moscow as important to fighting IS.\n\"It [Turkey] needs international support,\" said Idiz. \"And one of the ways to achieve this is to focus on Islamic State and perhaps leave the Kurdish element a little to the background in Syria.\"\nLast week, Moscow and Ankara announced they would coordinate their airstrikes in Syria. Sunday, military leaders from 14 countries in the Middle East and Africa offered support for Turkey at a meeting in Riyadh, but did not specify what form it would entail.\nDespite such steps, concerns remain over the ongoing Syrian operation.\n\"If a country's military forces are involved in a foreign country, in major military operations, I would ask for a clear-cut political aim,\" said Solmazturk, \"This does not exist. That is why I do not hesitate to say that Turkey, the Turkish army, is stuck in Syria.\"\nTurkey has been vague about its objectives in Syria, saying only that it aims to remove the threat of terrorism from its border. Analysts say the main motive of Turkey's military intervention in Syria could be to give Ankara a say over that country's future, but warn Turkey could end up paying a considerable price.\n",
        "caption": "Turkish military vehicles drive by Free Syrian Army fighters, backed by Turkey, in the Syrian rebel-held town of al-Rai as they head towards the northern Syrian town of al-Bab, Jan. 9, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/233FAE84-6458-4BFC-8413-AF91ADF446BD.jpg",
        "id": "19932_3",
        "answer": [
            "will be sent into Syria",
            "None",
            "ongoing purges of its ranks"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Free Syrian Army fighters",
            "Turkish military"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_16_3678417",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_16_3678417_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What assertion did the person on the phone in the image make?",
        "context": "Report: Trump Berates Australian Leader Over Refugee Deal\nSYDNEY \u2014\u00a0\nAustralian Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull said Thursday he had spoken candidly and frankly with U.S. President Donald Trump, but would not confirm a Washington Post report that Trump had berated him over a refugee swap deal and cut the call short.\nThe Post report said Trump had described the call with the leader of Australia, one of the United States\u2019 staunchest allies, as \u201cthe worst so far.\u201d \nIt came less than a day after Washington had sewn confusion in Australia after saying it would apply \u201cextreme vetting\u201d as part of the resettlement deal.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-partner=\\\"tweetdeck\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p lang=\\\"en\\\" dir=\\\"ltr\\\"\\u0026gt;Do you believe it? The Obama Administration agreed to take thousands of illegal immigrants from Australia. Why? I will study this dumb deal!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/827002559122567168\\\"\\u0026gt;February 2, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nDeal to resettle 1,250\nThe deal was agreed late last year between Australia, which has fought alongside U.S. troops in Afghanistan and Iraq, and the administration of former President Barack Obama. \nAs part of the deal, Washington agreed to resettle up to 1,250 asylum seekers held in offshore processing camps on Pacific islands in Papua New Guinea and Nauru. In return, Australia would resettle refugees from El Salvador, Guatemala and Honduras.\nQuoting unidentified senior U.S. officials briefed on the conversation, the Post reported that Trump had told Turnbull he had spoken to four other world leaders Saturday, including Russian president Vladimir Putin and Mexican President Enrique Pena Nieto, but said theirs \u201cwas the worst call by far.\u201d\nThe call had been scheduled to last an hour, but the Post said Trump cut it short after 25 minutes when Turnbull tried to turn to other subjects, such as Syria. It also said Trump described the plan as \u201cthe worst deal ever\u201d and accused Australia of trying to export the \u201cnext Boston bombers.\u201d\nAustralian Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull comments on a deal with the United States accepting refugees from Australia at Parliament House in Canberra, Jan. 30, 2017.\nTurnbull has no comment\nTurnbull would not comment on the contents of the call other than to say he believed the resettlement deal remained in place. \n\u201cThese conversations are conducted candidly, frankly, privately. If you see reports of them, I\u2019m not going to add to them,\u201d he told reporters in Melbourne.\nThe Washington Post report received almost blanket coverage in Australian media and was widely seen as embarrassing for Turnbull, whose conservative Liberal-National coalition has only a razor-thin majority after an inconclusive election last year.\n\u201cMr. Turnbull needs to confirm or deny the accuracy of that report,\u201d Labor opposition leader Bill Shorten told reporters in Perth.\nThe resettlement deal was thrown into confusion after Trump signed an executive order last week that suspended the U.S. refugee program and restricted entry to the United States for travelers from majority-Muslim countries such as Iran, Iraq and Syria.\nMany of those being held in the Australian detention center, which have drawn harsh criticism from the United Nations and rights groups, have fled violence in countries such as Afghanistan, Iraq and Iran.\nThe Washington Post also quoted the official read-out after Saturday\u2019s call, which emphasized \u201cthe enduring strength and closeness of the U.S.-Australia relationship that is critical for peace stability, and prosperity in the Asia-Pacific region and globally.\u201d\nIt also said Trump had boasted to Turnbull about the size of his election victory.\n",
        "caption": "President Donald Trump speaks on the phone with Prime Minister of Australia Malcolm Turnbull, with National Security Adviser Michael Flynn, center, and chief strategist Steve Bannon, right, in the Oval Office of the White House, Jan. 28, 2017, in Washington.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/FF386944-B092-440E-B6AB-06FE2D401153.jpg",
        "id": "22736_1",
        "answer": [
            "Australia of trying to export the \u201cnext Boston bombers.\u201d"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_02_3702962",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_02_3702962_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person on the left of the image do?",
        "context": "Tiger Woods Wins First of Four Golf Masters on This Day in 1997\nTwenty years ago on April 13, 1997, American athlete Tiger Woods made history, winning one of golf\u2019s most prestigious tournaments, the Masters, in Augusta, Georgia. He became the youngest golfer to win - and he did it by 12 strokes, a record that still stands.\nrenderExternalContent(\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/MdhtcDhAvUo?&&fs=1\")\nThat day, Woods not only shot a 72-hole score of 18-under-par 270, but he also shattered the Masters record of 271 that Jack Nicklaus and Raymond Floyd had shared. \nBy June 1997, Woods was ranked No. 1 in the world.\nTwo years later, he won eight PGA tournaments, earned a record $6 million in prize money and began a winning streak that eventually tied Ben Hogan\u2019s in 1948, the second-longest in PGA history. \nMuch of his success is owed to Tiger's close relationship to his father, Earl, who coached his prodigal son since childhood.\nThis Dec. 12, 2004 file photo shows Tiger Woods, right, hugging his father, Earl, after winning the Target World Challenge in Thousand Oaks, Calif. After Tiger Woods' Masters victory in 1997, there was widespread speculation that his rise to prominence wo\nIn June 2000, Woods won his first U.S. Open, considered the most challenging golf tournament in the world. Woods shot a record 12-under-par 272 to finish 15 strokes ahead of his nearest competitors. \nIt was considered the greatest professional golf performance in history, surpassing even his 1997 Masters\u2019 triumph and the 1862 showing by Old Tom Morris. \nrenderExternalContent(\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/4HsdXcf4Jtg?&&fs=1\")\nIn July 2000, Woods captured the British Open, and in August the PGA championship. At the age of 24, he was the youngest player ever to win all four major golf titles and just the second to win three majors in a year.\nHis winning streak slowed in the 2000's around the time he married Elin Nordegren, a Swedish former model with whom he had two children.\nFILE - Elin Nordegren talks to her husband, golfer Tiger Woods, during the first quarter of Game 4 of the NBA basketball finals in Orlando, Florida, June 11, 2009.\nThe golfer won his 10th major, the British Open, in 2005. \nHis performance fluctuated throughout the rest of the decade as he struggled with a torn ACL. His career took a further hit in 2009 in relation to a car accident outside his Florida home.\nTiger Woods' marital problems featured regularly in the tabloid newspaper \"The New York Post.\" (Courtesy: NYPost/2009)\nLater, several women came forward alleging they had affairs with the famous golfer. Nordegren divorced him in August 2010.\nWoods' last win took place in 2013. \nWoods planned to play throughout 2017, but a nagging back injury forced him to announce last month that he was withdrawing from the 2017 Masters. \n",
        "caption": "This Dec. 12, 2004 file photo shows Tiger Woods, right, hugging his father, Earl, after winning the Target World Challenge in Thousand Oaks, Calif. After Tiger Woods' Masters victory in 1997, there was widespread speculation that his rise to prominence wo",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B61BC488-7568-4CE0-A37C-1465C2C78959.jpg",
        "id": "19636_2",
        "answer": [
            "coached his prodigal son since childhood.",
            "None",
            "coached his prodigal son since childhood"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "his father, Earl",
            "Earl"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_13_3809140",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_13_3809140_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the people in the image want?",
        "context": "US Concerned About Lack of DRC Political Agreement Progress\nThe United States says it is concerned at the inability of both the government of the Democratic Republic of Congo and an opposition coalition to implement a political transition agreement they reached in December after months of unrest.\nThe State Department faulted both sides for failing to make the necessary compromises to carry out the agreed-upon steps, which include the appointment of a prime minister.\n\"Failure to move ahead with the accord clearly thwarts the will of the Congolese people and jeopardizes the progress achieved thus far,\" acting spokesman Mark Toner said in a statement.\nPresident Joseph Kabila was due to leave office December 19 at the end of his second term, but elections to choose his successor were postponed and Kabila has remained in office.\nThe agreement between the government and the opposition was supposed to set up a transitional authority led by a prime minister until new elections could be held late this year.\nBut the two sides remained split on how to implement the agreement, and the country's largest opposition party has called for a large protest on April 10.\n",
        "caption": "Supporters of the Congolese main opposition party Union for Democracy and Social Progress (UDPS) gather outside the residence of the late veteran opposition leader Etienne Tshisekedi in the Limete Municipality in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ma",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/9530E18F-45DF-481A-B738-349F37E32435.jpg",
        "id": "19377_1",
        "answer": [
            "a large protest on April 10.",
            "move ahead with the accord",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Supporters of the Congolese main opposition party Union for Democracy and Social Progress",
            "opposition"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_29_3786343",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_29_3786343_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in the image with the cloak do?",
        "context": "Former Afghan President Karzai Calls Islamic State 'Tool' of US\nKABUL AND WASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nFormer Afghan President Hamid Karzai on Wednesday called the Islamic State terror group a \"tool\" of the United States, and dismissed criticism of Russia for its ties with Taliban and efforts to bring the militant group into peace talks.\n\"After it [the U.S.] dropped the bomb on Afghanistan, it did not eliminate Daesh,\" Karzai said, referring to last week's \"mother of all bombs [MOAB]\" attack against Islamic State.\n\"I consider Daesh their tool,\" Karzai told VOA's Afghan service in an exclusive interview in Kabul, using the Arabic acronym for IS. \"I do not differentiate at all between Daesh and America.\"\nThe United States military, in partnership with Afghan forces, has promised to eliminate IS terrorists in Afghanistan this year and contain a resurgent Taliban, citing recent battlefield successes against the two groups.\nIS-controlled territory\nU.S. military spokesman Navy Captain Bill Salvin told VOA recently that counterterrorism operations, with Afghan forces in the lead, have reduced IS-controlled territory by \"two-thirds\" and the number of its fighters by \"more than 50 percent.\"\nFILE - Afghan security forces take positions following an operation against Islamic State militants in Pachir Agam district of Nangarhar province, Dec. 3, 2016.\nDespite strong anti-IS efforts by the United States \u2014 especially in recent weeks \u2014 Karzai told VOA that the U.S.-led fight against IS has been \"weak\" over the past two years. He said there is plenty of evidence to back up his allegation, even though the U.S. has been fighting to wipe out IS and its allies in Syria, Iraq and elsewhere.\nDuring most of his two terms in office, Karzai had close ties with the United States, whose invasion of Afghanistan to root out terrorist strongholds paved the way for his rise to power. He was welcomed at the White House and taken into confidence on U.S. military strategy in his country.\nBut his relationship with Washington has turned increasingly acrimonious in recent years. He sharply denounced the U.S. use of the bomb known as MOAB against IS underground headquarters in Afghanistan last week, adding that his successor, Ashraf Ghani, was a traitor for allowing the attack.\n\"They dropped an atomic bomb on Afghanistan \u2014 there's no difference between 'the mother of all bombs' and an atomic bomb,\" Karzai said.\nIS has made inroads in Afghanistan in recent years and has claimed responsibility for deadly attacks, including last month's assault on a military hospital in Kabul that killed more than 30 people and injured 80 others.\nMeanwhile, Taliban has been contesting government forces in key provinces nationwide.\nRussia connections\nTaliban connections with Russia have increasingly come under the spotlight as Moscow seeks to increase its influence in the nation it once occupied and to counter Islamic State expansion from Afghanistan to neighboring Central Asian countries.\nFILE - Afghan security forces take position during a gun battle between Taliban and Afghan security forces in Laghman province, Afghanistan, March 1, 2017.\nMounting allegations of Russian military involvement on the ground in Afghanistan have drawn concern from U.S. and Afghan authorities that Russia is working behind the scenes to help the Taliban battle Afghan forces and militant groups in the country, such as IS.\nIn his interview with VOA, Karzai dismissed criticism of Moscow's ties with the Taliban. Karzai has become closer to Russia since leaving office, saying during a visit to Moscow in 2015 to meet with President Vladimir Putin that he supported the annexation of Crimea.\n\"They talk to the Taliban,\" Karzai said of Russia. \"The U.S. also talks to the Taliban. Norway, Germany and other countries also talk to them. Russia also has the right to hold talks with the Taliban.\"\nNews reports last October said at least one U.S. official participated in three rounds of \"informal meetings\" between the Afghan government and Taliban.\nU.S. State Department spokesman Mark Toner would not comment on the reports at the time, but said the U.S. was \"committed to promoting a negotiated settlement to end the Afghan conflict.\"\nAvoid bolstering Taliban legitimacy\nBut U.S. National Security Adviser H.R. McMaster, who held talks with Afghan leaders in Kabul last weekend, said nations should avoid bolstering Taliban legitimacy.\n\"No one should support the Taliban,\" McMaster said, when asked to comment on Russia's overt contacts with the group. \"No one should support armed resistance against the Afghan government and the Afghan people.\"\nFILE - President Donald Trump, right, speaks as Army Lt. Gen. H.R. McMaster, left, listens at Trump's Mar-a-Lago estate in Palm Beach, Florida, Feb. 20, 2017, where Trump announced that McMaster will be the new national security adviser.\nStill, Karzai told VOA: \"The Taliban is a major reality in today's Afghanistan. The Americans themselves say that they [Taliban] control 50 percent of the Afghan territory. When a force controls 50 percent, countries have no option but to talk to them. The U.S. itself talks to them \u2014 they meet them in their office in Qatar.\"\nU.S. and Afghan accounting of Taliban territory holdings do not support Karzai's claim.\nThe Afghan government said it currently controls nearly two-thirds of the country's 407 districts. The Taliban controls 33 districts, less than 10 percent of the national total, and a recent U.S. military assessment lists 116 districts \u2014 more than one-quarter of the country \u2014 as \"contested\" areas.\nRussia has acknowledged political ties with Taliban. But Russian officials said Moscow is not supplying Taliban militants with arms and training, and that their contacts are only aimed at facilitating the peace process in Afghanistan.\n\"We do not provide any financial or military assistance to the Taliban. The allegations [of Russian assistance] are just a rumor and baseless,\" Russian Ambassador to Afghanistan Alexander Mantytskiy told reporters Wednesday in Kabul.\n'Regional approach'\nMoscow last week hosted a new expanded round of multination \"consultations\" it has recently launched with the stated goals of developing a \"regional approach\" for promoting Afghan security and a government-led national reconciliation with the Taliban.\nFILE - Russian President Vladimir Putin (R) and Afghan President Hamid Karzai shake hands during a meeting in Beijing, China, June 7, 2012.\nBut the U.S. administration refused to take part in the conference, questioning Russian intentions and motives. Washington was not invited to the previous round of talks.\n\"The main question on the agenda was the coordination of regional efforts aimed on supporting the process of national reconciliation in Afghanistan in the interest of the speedy restoration of peace in the country,\" Mantytskiy said. \"The participants expressed shared concern regarding the rise of the terrorist activities in Afghanistan leading to the further escalation of the conflict.\"\nKarzai told VOA that the U.S. is not sincere in bringing peace in the country.\n\"A conference was recently convened in Moscow. Why didn't America participate in it?\" Karzai asked. \"Why did it ask the Afghan government to send a low-level delegation to the conference?\"\nKarzai said that since 2008, he repeatedly relayed his displeasure with Americans to Putin who, he said, remained skeptical until 2012-13.\n\"But when I complained again during a gathering in Kyrgyzstan, Putin told me that there might be an element of truth in it,\" Karzai said.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Russian President Vladimir Putin (R) and Afghan President Hamid Karzai shake hands during a meeting in Beijing, China, June 7, 2012.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/84615F52-2A1B-4336-8E4A-E33AF8AE528D.jpg",
        "id": "6821_5",
        "answer": [
            "called the Islamic State terror group a \"tool\" of the United States",
            "become closer to Russia since leaving office"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Afghan President Hamid Karzai",
            "Karzai"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_19_3817463",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_19_3817463_5"
    },
    {
        "question": "What have people, like those holding the sign in the image, done?",
        "context": "Bangladesh Criticized for Slow Progress in Blogger Murders \nTwo years after Avijit Roy was hacked to death by suspected Islamist militants in Dhaka, relatives and friends of the Bangladeshi-American atheist blogger and writer say they are not satisfied with the pace of the police investigation.\nAs Bangladesh probes of Roy\u2019s murder-- and those of about a dozen other secular bloggers, writers and a publisher, killed between 2013 and 2015\u2014are making no public progress, fears of threats from the Islamists has halted the publication of books critical of religions and religious fundamentalism in Bangladesh.\nFILE - A Bangladeshi activist sets up a light on a poster displaying a portrait of slain Bangladeshi-American blogger Avijit Roy in Dhaka, Bangladesh, Feb. 27, 2015.\n\"[In the case of Roy\u2019s murder] although two years have been passed by, the [government] agencies have not filed the charge-sheet to the court as yet. They postponed the date[s] of submission of the charge-sheet at least sixteen times. Eight people were arrested, but no charge-sheet was filed against any of them. Now they are saying that they have identified five men as the actual killers, but they are yet to be arrested,\" said Imran H. Sarker, who leads the Blogger and Online Activist Network in Bangladesh.\n\"We have noticed that the government is shielding the killers and is not keen to arrest them,\" he added. \nBangladesh police have said a local hardline Islamist militant group, the Ansarullah Bangla Team (ABT), was behind all the killings. However, none of the murders, including that of Roy, has been solved as yet.\nBaseless allegations\nBut Bangladesh\u2019s Inspector General of the national police (IGP), AKM Shahidul Hoque, said the charge that police are doing a poor job investigating the cases of the blogger killings, is baseless. The police will file a charge-sheet in the case of Roy \"very soon,\" he said.\nHasanul Haq Inu, information minister of Bangladesh said all investigations into the blogger killings are going on well.\n\"The performance of our police is commendable in all investigations in the killings of the bloggers. We are close to resolve all cases. In the case of Avijit we have already located the killers,\" Inu told VOA.\n\"The so-called Islamist groups are not in a position to launch any violent attack at all. We have neutralized all of them.\"\nBangladeshi Blogger Mohiuddin Sharif, at a secret location in a south Asian country, March 1, 2017. Sharif faced death threats and ffled Bangladesh with his wife and a child in 2015. (R. Akhter Munni/VOA)\nPublishing chill\nMonths after Roy was murdered in February 2015, Faisal Arefin Dipan, one of his publishers, was hacked to death in Dhaka.\n\"[The] killings of the author and his publisher triggered an atmosphere of sheer fear in the society. And, that fear has taken its toll on the publishing industry in the country,\" said Robin Ahsan, head Shrabon Prokashoni, a Dhaka-based publishing house, which is taking part in the ongoing national book fair in Dhaka.\nA little over a decade ago, some Bangladeshi writers, who presented their arguments against Islamic and other religious beliefs online, became known as \"atheist bloggers.\"\nBlogger Mohiuddin Sharif, who faced death threats and fled Bangladesh in 2015, said new critical writings on religion, society and the state have disappeared in the past couple of years largely because the government has taken a \"soft stance\" against the Islamists.\n\"When the Islamists began targeting the bloggers, the government did not provide them the security. Instead of protecting the bloggers, it blamed them that they were indulging in \u2018provocative\u2019 writing. Many were even advised to leave the country,\" said Sharif, who has taken refuge in a South Asian country with his family.\nIn the past, many books written by the secular writers used to be published during the annual Dhaka book fair, the blogger noted.\n\"But this year, not a single book on freethinking has been published in the fair. No stall in the fair is displaying even any old book authored by Avijit Roy this year,\" he said.\nMahbub Leelen, co-founder of Dhaka\u2019s Shuddhashar Publishing House, which published many books authored by Avijit Roy, in New York. Leelen fled Bangladesh closing down the publishing house in Dhaka after his co-publisher escaped a fatal attack from suspect\nCommunication law\nAlong with the threats from the Islamists, Section 57 of Bangladesh's Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Act is a contributing factor to the disappearance of writing critical of religion, government and society, say the bloggers, writers and publishers. \nUnder this controversial piece of legislation, one can face seven to 14 years in jail for \"hurting religious sentiment\" and \"publishing fake, obscene or defaming information in electronic form\" or information that \"prejudices the image of the State or person.\"\nMahbub Leelen, co-founder of Shuddhashar Publishing House, which published many books authored by Avijit Roy, said that using the \"draconian\" act the government has clamped down heavily on writers and publishers.\n\"The ICT Act and the related statements from the government directly support the views the fundamentalists demand in the issue. As individuals, the writers or publishers have no ability to fight this united force of the fundamentalists and the government,\" said Leelen, who fled to the U.S. in 2015, weeks after Ahmedur Rashid Chowdhury Tutul, his co-publisher of Shuddhashar, was violently attacked by suspected Islamists in Dhaka, told VOA.\nShuddhashar closed down in Dhaka soon after the attack and Leelen and Tutul, who lives in Norway now, are working on a project to revive the publishing house abroad, with the publication of some e-books.\n",
        "caption": "Islamist protesters demand public execution of the country's atheist bloggers, whom they accuse of humiliating and ridiculing Islam, the Koran and Prophet Mohammad, in Chittagong, Bangladesh,in March 2013.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/8CBCD629-95AA-41BF-9D66-140A3F3AE111.jpg",
        "id": "2734_1",
        "answer": [
            "halted the publication of books critical of religions and religious fundamentalism in Bangladesh"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Islamist"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_01_3744833",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_01_3744833_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "How is the audience in the image responding to supposed security threats?",
        "context": "FBI Chief Asks Justice Dept to Dispute Trump's Obama-Era Wiretap Claims\nU.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation Director James Comey asked the Justice Department to dispute President Donald Trump's allegation that former President Barack Obama ordered a wiretap on telephones at Trump Tower in New York last year.\nU.S. officials who spoke to the Associated Press, Washington Post and New York Times said Comey's request followed Trump's accusation on Twitter Saturday that included a comparison to former President Richard Nixon, who resigned amid scandal in 1974. Trump has offered no evidence to support his claim.\nWhat is not clear is why Comey did not dispute the statement himself. As FBI director under Obama, his department has been a lead in the ongoing investigation of Russian influence on last year's election.\nAccusations dismissed \nUnder U.S. law, a president cannot order someone's phone to be wiretapped. Such a move would require approval by a federal judge and be based on reasonable grounds to suspect why a citizen's telephone calls should be monitored.\nObama's Director of National Intelligence James Clapper called Trump's charge simply false.\n\"There was no such wiretap activity mounted against the president-elect at the time, or as a candidate or against his campaign,\" Clapper told NBC's Meet the Press.\nWATCH: Former Director of National Intelligence James Clapper on wire tap allegations\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nFormer Director of National Intelligence James Clapper on Wire Tap Allegations\nShare this video\n0:00:30\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:30\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nIn addition to the FBI probe, the House and Senate intelligence committees are carrying out their own investigations, including looking into what cyber activities Russia directed at the U.S. and whether those efforts had links between Russian officials and people connected to U.S. political campaigns.\nHouse Intelligence Committee Chairman Devin Nunes said in a statement Sunday his committee \"will make inquiries into whether the government was conducting surveillance activities on any political party's campaign officials or surrogates.\"\nThe top Democrat on the committee, Rep. Adam Schiff, said Trump's accusation was based on \"conspiracy-based news.\"\n\"For a president of the United States to make such an incendiary charge - and one that discredits our democracy in the eyes of the world - is as destructive as it was baseless,\" Schiff said.\nWhite House Press Secretary Sean Spicer issued a statement Sunday saying the president is requesting the committees to \"determine whether executive branch investigative powers were abused in 2016.\" He added that neither Trump nor the White House would offer further comment \"until such oversight is conducted.\"\nHouse Democratic Leader Nancy Pelosi said Trump has no proof and is trying to shift conversation from Russia to Obama.\n\"This is called the wrap-up smear,\" she told CNN. \"You make up something, then you have the press write about it and then you say everybody's writing about this charge. It's a tool of an authoritarian to just have you always be talking about what you want them to be talking about.\"\nSenator Marco Rubio told NBC that Trump \"will have to answer as to what exactly\" he was referring to in making the claim that his phones were tapped.\nWATCH: White House Demands Probe of Alleged Trump Tower Wiretap\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nWhite House Demands Probe of Alleged Trump Tower Wiretap\nShare this video\n0:02:29\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:29\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 6.9MB\n360p | 10.5MB\n720p | 63.1MB\nAlleged Russia connection hard to shake\nThe publisher of the Newsmax Media website, Christopher Ruddy - a friend of Trump's - wrote Sunday the president told him, \"This will be investigated. It will all come out. I will be proven right.\"\nRuddy said he has never seen Trump this angry in a long time.\nA U.S. intelligence report concluded Russia carried out a campaign at the direction of President Vladimir Putin that used cyber attacks and other methods to influence the U.S. election campaign with the aspiration of helping Trump's chances of beating Democratic challenger Hillary Clinton.\nTrump has denied any links to Russia.\nHis first national security advisor, Michael Flynn, resigned last month after information emerged that he had lied to top officials about the nature of his own conversations with the Russian ambassador.\nLast week, Attorney General Jeff Sessions decided to remove himself from any investigation into the Russian activities after reports emerged that he met twice last year with the ambassador, yet said at his confirmation hearing in January that he \"did not have communications with the Russians.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - FBI Director James Comey testifies before the Senate Intelligence Committee hearing on Russian intelligence activities, Jan. 10, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/60A03B86-6892-4722-9C8E-D5D4E36DE9DE.jpg",
        "id": "28726_1",
        "answer": [
            "carrying out their own investigations, including looking into what cyber activities Russia directed at the U.S. and whether those efforts had links between Russian officials and people connected to U.S. political campaigns"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Senate intelligence committee"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_06_3751122",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_06_3751122_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person on the left of the image do?",
        "context": "White House Press Corps Dinner More Sober, Less Glitz\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nThe White House press corps gathered Saturday for its annual black-tie dinner, a toned-down affair this year after Donald Trump snubbed the event, becoming the first incumbent U.S. president to bow out in 36 years.\nWithout Trump, who scheduled a rally instead to mark his 100th day in office, the usually celebrity-filled soiree hosted by the White House Correspondents\u2019 Association took a more sober turn, even as it pulled in top journalists and Washington insiders.\nMost of Trump\u2019s administration also skipped the event in solidarity with the president, who has repeatedly accused the press of mistreatment. The president used his campaign-style gathering to again lambaste the media.\n\u201cI could not possibly be more thrilled than to be more than 100 miles away,\u201d he told a crowd in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, calling out The New York Times, CNN and MSNBC by name.\n'Not fake news\u2019\nIn Washington, WHCA President Jeff Mason defended press freedom even as he acknowledged this year\u2019s dinner had a different feel, saying attempts to undermine the media was dangerous for democracy.\n\u201cWe are not fake news, we are not failing news organizations and we are not the enemy of the American people,\u201d said Mason, a Reuters correspondent.\nInstead of the typical roasts \u2014 presidents of both parties have delivered their own zingers for years \u2014 the event returned to its traditional roots of recognizing reporters\u2019 work and handing out student scholarships as famed journalists Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein presented awards.\n\u201cThat\u2019s not Donald Trump\u2019s style,\u201d NBC News\u2019 Andrea Mitchell told MSNBC, referring to the self-deprecating jokes presidents in the past have made despite tensions with the press.\nJokes for free speech\nInstead, the humor fell to headline comedian Hasan Minhaj.\nHasan Minhaj of Comedy Central performs at the White House Correspondents' Association dinner in Washington, April 29, 2017.\n\u201cWe\u2019ve got to address the elephant that\u2019s not in the room,\u201d Minhaj, who plays a correspondent on Comedy Central\u2019s The Daily Show, told the crowd. \u201cThe leader of our country is not here. And that\u2019s because he lives in Moscow. It\u2019s a very long flight. As for the other guy, I think he\u2019s in Pennsylvania because he can\u2019t take a joke.\u201d\nHe also joked about Trump, despite organizers\u2019 wishes, saying he did so to honor U.S. constitutional protection of free speech: \u201cOnly in America can a first-generation, Indian-American Muslim kid get on this stage and make fun of the president.\u201d\nTrump in Pennsylvania\nTrump was indeed in Pennsylvania, having scheduled a rally in Harrisburg to mark his 100th day in office. He began his remarks with a lengthy if familiar attack on the news media while dismissing the dinner and its participants.\n\u201cA large group of Hollywood actors and Washington media are consoling each other in a hotel ballroom in our nation\u2019s capital right now,\u201d Trump said. He added: \u201cAnd I could not possibly be more thrilled than to be more than 100 miles away from Washington\u2019s swamp, spending my evening with all of you and with a much, much larger crowd and much better people, right?\u201d\nTrump became the first president since Ronald Reagan in 1981 to skip the event \u2014 and Reagan was recovering from an assassination attempt. \nIn a video message, actor Alec Baldwin, who has raised Trump\u2019s ire playing him on NBC\u2019s \u201cSaturday Night Live\u201d program also encouraged attendees.\nFewer celebrities\nFew other celebrities graced the red carpet, although some well-known Washingtonians, such as former Secretary of State Madeleine Albright and Republican Representative Darrell Issa of California, appeared.\nTrump attended in 2011, when then-President Barack Obama made jokes at the expense of the New York real estate developer and reality television show host.\nIn an interview with Reuters this week, Trump said he decided against attending as president because he felt he had been treated unfairly by the media, adding: \u201cI would come next year, absolutely.\u201d\nIn Pennsylvania, Trump told supporters the media dinner would be boring but was noncommittal on whether he would go in 2018 or hold another rally.\nSamantha Bee arrives for \"Full Frontal with Samantha Bee's Not the White House Correspondents' Dinner\" at DAR Constitution Hall in Washington, April 29, 2017.\nLate night television show host Samantha Bee also hosted a competing event \u2014 \u201cNot the White House Correspondents\u2019 Dinner\u201d \u2014 that she said would honor journalists, rather than skewer Trump.\nJournalists honored\nThe WHCA awards and this year\u2019s recipients: \nAldo Beckman Memorial Award winner: Greg Jaffe of The Washington Post for stories on President Barack Obama\u2019s speeches and policies that contrasted the realities of 2016 with the hopes of 2008. \nMerriman Smith Award winner for outstanding White House coverage under deadline: Edward-Isaac Dovere of Politico for his coverage of the historic meeting between Obama and Cuban President Raul Castro.\nEdgar A. Poe Award winner: David Fahrenthold of The Washington Post for stories on Donald Trump\u2019s philanthropic claims.\nThe Associated Press contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "Former Washington Post reporters Bob Woodward (left to right) and Carl Bernstein stand with White House Correspondents' Association President Jeff Mason of Reuters at the head table before the association's dinner in Washington, April 29, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/9D02C28D-47DC-4834-827A-511CD88C9C5F.jpg",
        "id": "32093_1",
        "answer": [
            "presented awards"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Bob Woodward"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_30_3831635",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_30_3831635_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What are the people in the image doing with those they capture?",
        "context": "Egyptian Police Said to Detain Chinese Uighurs in Wide Sweep\nBEIJING \u2014\u00a0\nChinese students from the Uighur ethnic minority have been detained in Egypt in a broad police sweep that has shaken the country's sizeable Uighur student and expatriate community, activists said Thursday.\nEgyptian police have detained scores of Uighur students, including 20 from Cairo's Al-Azhar University who were stopped in the city of Alexandria on their way out of the country late Wednesday and told they would be deported to China, said Abduweli Ayup, a Uighur activist in Turkey.\nAyup said he had heard directly from some of the detainees and their relatives.\nThe detentions come amid reports that authorities in the Uighur homeland of Xinjiang in western China are seeking the immediate return of Uighurs studying abroad. Authorities in Xinjiang have significantly tightened security measures in the past year, as well as controls on religious expression, in what officials characterize as an \"unyielding\" campaign against Islamic extremism brewing in the region.\nOverseas Uighurs and human rights groups say the measures have turned Xinjiang into a police state with widespread arbitrary detentions and invasive surveillance.\nThe detentions in Egypt, a popular destination for religious study among China's Muslims, were seen by activists as a possible sign that China's security crackdown in Xinjiang is extending its reach overseas.\nA Chinese foreign ministry spokesman appeared to acknowledge on Thursday that Chinese citizens had been detained in Egypt, saying at a regular briefing that consular officials would visit them. He gave no further details.\nAnother activist, who spoke on condition of anonymity for fear of reprisals, said overseas groups had managed to move 60 Uighur students out of Egypt to safety in Turkey this week but 20 were held while trying to fly to Dubai.\nUnverified videos shared on social media purportedly showed more than 70 Uighurs sitting on a floor in a government building and others being driven in a truck in handcuffs.\nAbdullah, an Asian student of Islam at Al-Azhar university, said Uighurs were being detained in the Hay el Sabia area of Cairo's Nasr City district. He gave only his first name for fear of reprisals.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Egyptian riot policemen surround the entrance of al-Azhar university.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/022925B0-A8EB-49D4-B8E2-7D880ABB24E9.jpg",
        "id": "8534_1",
        "answer": [
            "deported to China",
            "detained"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Egyptian riot policemen",
            "police"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_06_3930651",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_06_3930651_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What was the predecessor to the vehicle in the image?",
        "context": "China's First Large Homemade Passenger Jet to Fly in 2017\nBEIJING \u2014\u00a0\nAfter years of delays, China's first large homemade passenger jetliner will take to the air for its maiden flight in the first half of this year, state media reported Monday.\nState-owned aircraft maker Commercial Aircraft Corp. of China Ltd., or Comac, based in Shanghai, has nearly completed work on the 175-passenger C919, the ruling Communist Party newspaper People's Daily reported.\nThe C919 was originally due to fly in 2015, but has been beset by delays blamed on manufacturing problems. It is now scheduled to enter service in 2019, aimed at competing with the Airbus A320 and Boeing 737, along with the Russian Irkut MC-21.\nAirbus and Boeing say the market for new aircraft will be worth more than $5 trillion over the next 20 years. Industry experts say China faces a tough slog capturing a significant share of that market, even with government support. Comac has 517 orders for the C919.\nCompany officials couldn't immediately be reached.\nThe C919 is part of China's efforts to develop a homegrown aviation industry in one of the world's biggest and fastest-growing air travel markets. China currently relies heavily on foreign-made aircraft.\nLast June, the ARJ21-700, China's first homemade regional jet, made its debut flight carrying 70 passengers. The jet is one of a series of initiatives launched by the party to transform China from the world's low-cost factory into a creator of profitable technology in aviation, clean energy and other fields.\nThe ARJ21, also made by Comac, is a rival to aircraft made by Bombardier Inc. of Canada and Brazil's Embraer SA.\n",
        "caption": "The first twin-engine 158-seater C919 passenger plane, seen in this Nov. 2, 2015 file photo, made by The Commercial Aircraft Corp. of China (COMAC) is pulled out of the company's hangar during a ceremony near the Pudong International Airport in Shanghai, China. After years of delays, China's first large homemade passenger jetliner will take to the air for its maiden flight in the first half of this year, state media reported Monday, Feb. 6, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/C07224B5-265A-48FF-8B4A-F235299346F7.jpg",
        "id": "26620_1",
        "answer": [
            "ARJ21-700"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "jet"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_06_3708073",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_06_3708073_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What were the results of the thing the people in the image did?",
        "context": "London Bridge Attack First Responder: Scene Like \u2018Battle of Britain film\u2019\nLONDON \u2014\u00a0\nOne of the first police officers on the scene of the London Bridge attack says he was met by pandemonium, as people fled in panic and the wounded lay on sidewalks.\nBut he also described how, within minutes, police had killed the attackers, ushered bystanders to safety and begun treating and evacuating the wounded.\nInspector Jim Cole, who was scrambled from his south London police station, said the response was \u201clike something out of a Battle of Britain film\u201d as officers piled into vehicles and raced to the scene.\nFILE - Police attend to an incident on London Bridge in London, Britain, June 3, 2017.\nTriage, shelter inside a pub\nIn an account of the June 3 attack released by the Metropolitan Police, Cole said he arrived at Borough Market to find \u201ccasualties on the pavements.\u201d\n\u201cI asked my officers to form a cordon to stop the public from going into the market, and that\u2019s when the shooting started just behind us,\u201d he said. \u201cWe had no idea what was going on. We didn\u2019t know if it was us shooting or if that bad guys had guns.\u201d\nArmed officers fired almost 50 rounds, killing three attackers who had plowed a rented van into pedestrians on the bridge, killing three, then jumped out and stabbed Saturday night revelers in Borough Market, an area packed with bars and restaurants. Five people died of stab wounds, and almost 50 people were wounded in the attack.\nCole said he set up a triage area inside a pub to treat the wounded, including a man who had been stabbed in the stomach.\n\u201cI then heard more shouting and a stream of people came out of the market screaming and panicking. I got them into the pub\u2019s basement as a place of hard cover,\u201d he said.\nFILE - People leave from inside a police cordon after an attack in London, June 4, 2017. Armed British police rushed to London Bridge late Saturday after reports of a vehicle running down pedestrians and stabbings nearby.\nSituation stabilizes\nHe said that on his police radio \u201cI could hear officers on London Bridge desperately calling for ambulances,\u201d and got a police cruiser to take the man who had been stabbed in the stomach to a hospital.\nAll of the 48 wounded people who were taken to hospitals survived.\nCole said that soon the situation \u201cbegan to stabilize,\u201d with the attackers dead and the immediate threat contained.\n\u201cI felt that it had only been a few moments, but it had actually been about 10 or 15 minutes,\u201d he said.\nA round of applause\nCole said that when he told the 200 people sheltering in the pub\u2019s basement that they were safe and would soon be evacuated, \u201cI got a big round of applause.\u201d\n\u201cThat was a really nice, unexpected moment,\u201d he said.\nCole, 41, said the attack was \u201cthe most challenging, most intense situation I\u2019ve dealt with\u201d in an 18-year police career.\n\u201cI\u2019ve dealt with a lot of death and I\u2019ve been to some pretty horrific scenes in my career, but nothing has ever been on that scale,\u201d he said. \u201cIt\u2019s going to stick with me for a long time.\u201d\nA combo handout issued by the Metropolitan Police, June 6, 2017, shows Khuram Shazad Butt (L), Rachid Redouane (C), and Youssef Zaghba who have been named as the suspects in Saturday's attack at London Bridge. (Metropolitan Police via AP)\nPolice are questioning seven suspects over suspected links to the attackers, Pakistani-born British citizen Khuram Butt, Moroccan Rachid Redouane, and Youssef Zaghba, an Italian national of Moroccan descent. \n",
        "caption": "A combo handout issued by the Metropolitan Police, June 6, 2017, shows Khuram Shazad Butt (L), Rachid Redouane (C), and Youssef Zaghba who have been named as the suspects in Saturday's attack at London Bridge. (Metropolitan Police via AP)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/BC5EEFD4-0A10-4546-9886-4C9EBF14F6A3.jpg",
        "id": "4570_4",
        "answer": [
            "Five people died of stab wounds, and almost 50 people were wounded",
            "people fled in panic and the wounded lay on sidewalks"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "attack",
            "suspects"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_11_3895610",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_11_3895610_4"
    },
    {
        "question": "What are the people in the image protesting?",
        "context": "Political Polarization Deepens in Turkish Commemoration of Defeated Coup\nISTANBUL \u2014\u00a0\nTurkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan has inaugurated a monument to commemorate the 250 people who died opposing a military coup a year ago .\nThe monument opposite Erdogan\u2019s huge presidential palace depicts Turkey\u2019s national symbol, the moon and crescent.\nWith tens of thousands of people attending, the inauguration ceremony after dawn prayers Sunday was called from presidential palace\u2019s mosque.\nPeople wave Turkey's national flags as they attend a ceremony marking the first anniversary of the attempted coup in front of the Turkish Parliament in Ankara, July 16, 2017.\n\u201cBe sure, that none of the traitors who point a gun at our country, nation, freedom and future will ever see the light of day again,\u201d Erdogan promised the cheering crowd. \"[Those who carried out the coup] will die over and over again every day while they rot behind prison walls,\u201d Erdogan added.\nThe main event of the two day commemoration was held late Saturday at Istanbul\u2019s July 15th Martyrs bridge. The bridge was the scene of some of worst violence, during the failed coup with soldiers opening fire on crowds opposing the takeover, killing 36.\n\u201cWe will rip off the heads of those who carried out the coup,\u201d Erdogan declared to hundreds of thousands of people who gathered at the bridge. He called on parliament to reintroduce the death penalty, saying he would immediately sign the legislation, claiming the feelings and sensibilities of those killed during the failed military take over had to be respected.\nOn the night of July 15th, 2016, rogue military elements sought to seize power. Along with 250 people killed, more than 2,000 were injured resisting the take over.\nFILE - A guard secures Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan (L) with his machine gun during a funeral service for a victim of the thwarted coup in Istanbul at Fatih mosque in Istanbul, Turkey, July 17, 2016.\nDuring that night tanks mowed down people resisting and soldiers shot at crowds answering Erdogan\u2019s call to resist. In the capital, Ankara, jets bombed the parliament and helicopter gunships strafed police and security headquarters.\nCommemorations Saturday extended into early hours Sunday. People making mobile telephone calls around midnight heard an Erdogan speech instead of ring tones.\nPeople listen to the speech of Turkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdogan during a ceremony marking the first anniversary of a coup attempt at the Bosporus Bridge in Istanbul, July 15, 2017.\nPolitical division spotlighted\nErdogan addressed a rally outside the parliament at 2:23 Sunday morning, the exact time one year before planes bombed the parliament.\n\u201cThe coup soldiers disgraced themselves when bombing the parliament as our lawmakers stood higher,\u201d Erdogan said to the large crowd waving Turkish flags. The ceremony was boycotted by the main opposition Republican People\u2019s Party, who complained at being excluded from speaking at the ceremony.\nThe boycott underlined the divisive acrimonious atmosphere the commemorations were held in. Earlier Saturday, CHP leader Kemal Kilicdaroglu, slammed the president for the ongoing post coup crackdown, claiming it was more about silencing legitimate critics, Kilicdaroglu raised questions whether Erdogan had foreknowledge of the coup calling it a \u201ccontrolled coup.\u201d\nFILE - In this July 9, 2017 photo, supporters of Kemal Kilicdaroglu, the leader of Turkey's main opposition Republican People's Party, hold Turkish flags in Istanbul, as they gather for a rally following their 425-kilometer (265-mile) \"March for justice.\"\nThe Turkish president hit back during his speech Saturday, \u201cSome insistently say \"controlled coup.\" They try to defame the glorious resistance of our nation. This is impudence, this is immorality,\u201d said Erdogan. He devoted much of his key Saturday speech attacking the opposition leader calling him a \u201ccoward\u201d and suggesting he was even helping \u201ccoup plotters agenda.\"\nThe opposition leader last Sunday called a rally of more than one million people in Istanbul calling for an end to emergency rule.\nErdogan in successive of speeches Saturday and Sunday, promised no let up in the crackdown, suggesting it could be further intensified. The crackdown has resulted in more than 150,000 people losing their jobs, with a further 7,000 being purged Friday, while according to official figures more than 50,000 people have been jailed.\nEU cites respect for human rights\nThe European Union has again voiced concern, \u201cWhoever wants to join the European Union is joining a union of values,\u201d Jean Claude Juncker head of the EU commission wrote in an op-ed published Sunday for German newspaper Bild. Brussels has repeatedly warned the reintroduction of the death penalty would end Turkey's decades long membership bid.\n\"I don't look at what Hans and George say,\u201d Erdogan said to cheering crowds Sunday, Han\u2019s and George is the president\u2019s often used disparaging reference to European opinion.\nWith Turkey\u2019s membership effort currently frozen and few expectations it has a chance of success, Brussels appears to have little leverage.\nBut observers point out human rights considerations, in particular the death penalty, could complicate on going efforts to expand a custom\u2019s union between Ankara and the European Union. Erdogan has in the past called for the return of capital punishment and then quietly shelved it.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - In this July 9, 2017 photo, supporters of Kemal Kilicdaroglu, the leader of Turkey's main opposition Republican People's Party, hold Turkish flags in Istanbul, as they gather for a rally following their 425-kilometer (265-mile) \"March for justice.\"",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/9834D7BE-3302-4F60-8637-370304CD0998.jpg",
        "id": "1566_5",
        "answer": [
            "post coup crackdown",
            "March for justice",
            "emergency rule"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "opposition",
            "supporters of Kemal Kilicdaroglu"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_16_3946253",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_16_3946253_5"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who are conflicted over the people in the image?",
        "context": "Erdogan to Grill Trump Over Decision to Arm Kurdish Militia in Syria\nISTANBUL \u2014\u00a0\nTurkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan says he will grill President Donald Trump about the U.S. decision to arm the Syrian Kurdish militia when he visits Washington next week.\n\"The fight against the terrorist organization Daesh [the Arabic acronym for Islamic State] should not be carried out with another terrorist organization,\" Erdogan said Wednesday. \"This kind of step would endanger the future of Syria and the region.\"\nThe YPG Kurdish militia is widely recognized as the most effective in Syria in fighting Islamic State.\nHowever, it is considered by Ankara to be an affiliate of the Kurdistan Workers' party, PKK, which is fighting the Turkish state. Turkey and the U.S. have designated the PKK as a terrorist organization.\n\"Every weapon obtained by the People's Protection Units [YPG] constitutes a threat to Turkey,\" declared Foreign Minister Mevlut Cavusoglu.\nFILE - A U.S. military commander, second from right, walks with Kurdish fighters from the People's Protection Units (YPG) at the YPG headquarters that was hit by Turkish airstrikes in Mount Karachok near Malikiya, Syria, April 25, 2017.\nErdogan in Washington\nErdogan's Washington visit is seen as the most important leg of his international tour to bolster his legitimacy, after last month's controversial referendum victory granting him sweeping powers. The vote remains marred by voter fraud allegations.\nThe ongoing controversy over Kurdish fighters is a point of contention between allies, especially as most experts predicted Washington would ultimately arm the YPG.\nFILE - Turkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, gestures as he delivers a speech at a conference in Istanbul, April 29, 2017.\n\"It's obvious Americans are quite pragmatic about the Syrian question,\" said Atilla Yesilada, political consultant of Global Source Partners. \"They prefer Kurds, not because they are in love with them, but simply because Kurds have 50,000 valiant fighters at the gates of Raqqa. What they need is heavy weaponry.\"\nWeapons and PKK\nThe kind of weapons Washington will ultimately deliver to the YPG will likely be closely followed by Ankara. The Turkish military has repeatedly claimed that sophisticated anti-tank missiles delivered by its Western allies to Syrian Kurdish forces have fallen into the hands of the PKK fighting in Turkey.\nWashington is going on the charm offensive.\n\"We'll work out any of the concerns,\" U.S. Defense Secretary Jim Mattis said Wednesday. \"We will work very closely with Turkey in support of their security on their southern border. It's Europe's southern border, and we'll stay closely connected.\"\nBut the YPG is still claiming victory.\n\"We believe that from now on and after this historic decision, [the YPG] will play a stronger, more influential and more decisive role in combating terrorism at a fast pace,\" spokesman Redur Xelil said in a written statement to Reuters.\nAnkara has threatened retaliation against its Western partners if they pursued a policy of arming what it considers to be terrorists. U.S. forces depend heavily on the Incirlik air base in southern Turkey, not only for military operations against Islamic State, but also as a strategic logistics hub. Turkish ministers from time to time have threatened Washington over its use, but analysts predict Ankara remains reluctant to take such a drastic step and risk wrecking relations with Trump.\nErdogan has met with his Russian counterpart, Vladimir Putin, five times in less than a year, most recently this month in Sochi. But given that Moscow also is backing the YPG, Ankara's room for maneuvering is viewed as limited.\nWashington's decision to support the YPG will also likely preclude any repeat of last month's Turkish military strikes against the Syrian Kurdish militia, both in Syria and Iraq.\n\"The Americans have pushed Ankara into a corner where no military operations against the presence of YPG in Syria are possible and, second, Ankara from now on will have to live with the fact the YPG is a political organization like any other that is fighting Islamic State,\" said former senior Turkish diplomat Aydin Selcen.\nVOA's Kenneth Schwartz contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A U.S. military commander, second from right, walks with Kurdish fighters from the People's Protection Units (YPG) at the YPG headquarters that was hit by Turkish airstrikes in Mount Karachok near Malikiya, Syria, April 25, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/C53FE276-B5E1-427F-B2D9-ABDF0C02C2FB.jpg",
        "id": "9303_2",
        "answer": [
            "Tayyip Erdogan",
            "allies"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Kurdish fighters from the People's Protection Units (YPG)",
            "Kurdish fighters"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_10_3846148",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_10_3846148_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who mourned over the people in the image?",
        "context": "Survivors of Egypt Christian Bus Attack Recount Horror\nCAIRO \u2014\u00a0\nVideo interviews with survivors of a deadly attack by Islamic militants on a bus taking Egyptian Christians to a remote desert monastery are painting a picture of untold horror, with children hiding under their seats to escape gunfire.\nThe videos surfaced on social media networks on Sunday, two days after 29 were killed in the attack on a desert road south of the capital. The Islamic State group claimed responsibility for the attack on Friday. It was the fourth attack against Christians in Egypt since December to be claimed by the IS. The string of attacks have killed more than 100 and injured scores.\nOne survivor, a small boy who seemed to be about six, said his mother pushed him under her seat and covered him with a bag. A young woman speaking from her hospital bed said the assailants ordered the women to surrender their jewelry and money before they opened fire, killing the men first and then some of the women.\nThe woman said the gunmen were masked and wore military uniforms.\nBishop Makarios, the top Coptic Orthodox cleric in Minya, the province where the attack took place, said the assailants told Christian men they ordered off the bus they would spare their lives if they converted to Islam.\n\"They chose death,\" said Makarios, who has been an outspoken critic of the government's handling of anti-Christian violence in Minya, where Christians account for more than 35 percent of the population, the highest anywhere in Egypt.\n\"We take pride to die while holding on to our faith,\" he said in a television interview aired late Saturday.\nMakarios confirmed that the assailants stole the women's jewelry and his contention that the men were ordered off the bus before being killed was also confirmed by a video clip purportedly in the immediate aftermath of the shooting. This video showed at least four or five bodies of adult men lying on the desert sand next to the bus; women and other men screamed and cried as they stood or squatted next to the bodies.\nEgypt responded to the attack with a wave of airstrikes against suspected militant bases where the military said the perpetrators trained. A manhunt for the assailants in the vast deserts to the west of the site of the attack has so far yielded no arrests.\nIn the Vatican, Pope Francis, for the second day in a row, expressed his solidarity with Egypt's Coptic Christians following Friday's attack. He led thousands of people in prayer Sunday for the victims, who Francis said were killed in \"another act of ferocious violence\" after having refused to renounce their Christian faith.\nSpeaking from his studio window over St. Peter's Square, he said: \"May the Lord welcome these courageous witnesses, these martyrs, in his peace and convert the hearts of the violent ones.\"\n",
        "caption": "This image released by the Minya governorate media office shows bodies of victims killed when gunmen stormed a bus in Minya, Egypt, May 26, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/C7CE10DE-656A-4519-B720-D1211741C2B1.jpg",
        "id": "11987_1",
        "answer": [
            "Pope Francis",
            "women and other men",
            "thousands of people"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "victims",
            "bodies"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_28_3874489",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_28_3874489_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What body is the person with the hat in the image a part of?",
        "context": "US Senator Wants Aid Maintained to South Sudan\nGANYIEL, SOUTH SUDAN \u2014\u00a0\nA top U.S. politician visiting South Sudan says he will urge colleagues to maintain assistance to the country despite severe cuts in foreign aid proposed by the Trump administration.\nSenator Christopher Coons (D-Delaware), who is in rebel-controlled Ganyiel of former Unity State this week, said he was shocked to learn that the town's entire population depends on humanitarian agencies for food.\nThe senator noted there are no roads going into and out of Ganyiel, so all equipment and relief aid must be delivered by air, which is extremely expensive.\n\u201cWe will have to make stronger arguments for why particular U.N. missions and particular countries should remain a priority,\" Coons told VOA's South Sudan in Focus on Monday.\n\"South Sudan currently has the largest and most difficult refugee problem in the entire continent of 54 countries. I think it should remain a priority but there will be some difficult negotiations between Congress and the Trump administration,\u201d said Coons.\nSince the outbreak of South Sudan's conflict in late 2013, the United States has contributed at least one billion dollars toward humanitarian aid in the African country. The budget proposed by U.S. President Donald Trump would cut total U.S. aid abroad by more than 30 percent.\nThis marks the first visit to South Sudan for Coons, the former chairman and member of the Senate Subcommittee on African Affairs. The U.S. lawmaker also visited a refugee camp in neighboring Uganda, which hosts hundreds of thousands of South Sudanese who fled the violence back home.\nCoons said he came to Ganyiel to familiarize himself with U.S.-funded projects aimed at combating hunger and health problems in the area. U.N. agencies declared two counties of former Unity State famine-stricken in February.\nCoons also visited Panyijar County, which hosts tens of thousands of internally displaced persons who fled to the area from Mayendit and Leer, the two former Unity State counties hit by famine.\nPanyijar County Commissioner John Tap asked Senator Coons to deliver to a message to the Trump administration.\n\u201cThe Obama administration was not serious about resolving the South Sudan conflict,\u201d said Tap. He said even if the U.S. government continues to pour millions of dollars into South Sudan for humanitarian aid, it will do nothing if there is no peace. He called the money \u201cuseless.\u201d\nCoons urged South Sudanese leaders to find workable solutions to the conflict.\n\u201cThis is not the time to assume that the U.S. will always be present and will always provide support. I think that makes it an urgent time for the leaders of South Sudan to find a peaceful resolution to the widening violence and the conflict,\u201d he said.\n",
        "caption": "U.S Senators Bob Corker, center, and Chris Coons, right, speak with a South Sudanese refugee during a group discussion at the Bidi Bidi refugee settlement in northern Uganda, April 14, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/6000C9DE-3227-43FB-9663-1E43195DD4CE.jpg",
        "id": "8579_1",
        "answer": [
            "Senate Subcommittee on African Affairs"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Coons",
            "Chris Coons"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_17_3813999",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_17_3813999_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What do the people flanking the man in the image want?",
        "context": "Mexican ex-Governor Stalls Fast-track Extradition from Guatemala\nGUATEMALA CITY \u2014\u00a0\nJavier Duarte, the former state governor of Mexico's ruling party who was arrested in Guatemala at the weekend, said in court on Wednesday he would not agree to be extradited until his lawyers were able to study a formal extradition request.\n\"At this time, I can't agree [to extradition] until the formal extradition request arrives, and it can be studied by my defense team\" said Duarte. \"This doesn't mean I won't accept it, though.\"\nIf Duarte agrees to be extradited, he could be back in Mexico within a month, according to Guatemalan justice officials. If not, it might take considerably longer.\nDuarte faces prosecution for embezzlement and organized crime in Mexico, where he was the governor of Veracruz state until last year. He has denied any wrongdoing.\nA lawyer for Duarte said shortly after the arrest the former governor would likely accept his extradition.\nThe Mexican government has 60 days to present a formal extradition request to Guatemala. Duarte's defense team will then decide whether to agree to his extradition. He will remain jailed during that time.\nThe Mexican Attorney General's Office said this week that Duarte's extradition could take up to a year if he resists.\nDuarte, who governed the oil-rich state of Veracruz for President Enrique Pena Nieto's Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), became a symbol of corruption in Mexico, and his case is highly politicized with elections looming.\n",
        "caption": "Mexico's former Veracruz state Gov. Javier Duarte, center, accompanied by his lawyers waits for an extradition hearing in Guatemala City, April 19, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/2B999B13-2388-4528-AC08-A5DBFABD780D.jpg",
        "id": "11976_1",
        "answer": [
            "to study a formal extradition request",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "lawyers",
            "Javier Duarte"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_19_3817504",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_19_3817504_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who were the people in the image looking to attack?",
        "context": "Afghan Defense, Army Chiefs Resign Over Deadly Attack\nISLAMABAD \u2014\u00a0\nAfghanistan\u2019s defense minister and military chief have both resigned following Friday\u2019s deadliest ever attack on a major army base that killed at least 140 soldiers and wounded many more. \nThe Taliban claimed responsibility for the raid on the Afghan National Army\u2019s 209th Shaheen Corps in the northern city of Mazar-e-Sharif.\nAfghan President President Ashraf Ghani\u2019s office, in a brief announcement Monday, said, \u201cDefense Minister Abdullah Habibi and Army Chief of Staff Qadam Shah Shahim stepped down with immediate effect\u201d and the president has accepted their resignations.\nHabibi later told a joint news conference with Shahim at the defense ministry that they resigned on their own and were not forced to do so.\n\u201cFollowing sacrifices our men are rendering (in this fight), I am also morally bound to resign in the national interest and set an example for my successors so they will also show moral courage and do the same for resolving issues facing them in the future,country,\u201d Habibi later told a joint news conference with Shahim at the defense ministry\nAfghan officials and witnesses said that a group of ten heavily armed suicide bombers attacked and carried out the massacre just when hundreds of soldiers and officers were about to finish afternoon prayers in a mosque located deep inside the highly fortified facility. \nAuthorities have so far declined to confirm the number of casualties. \nThe government observed day of national mourning on Sunday in honor of the deceased soldiers.\nUnnamed security officials and politicians in the capital city of relatively peaceful Balkh province claim the death toll could be as high as at least 180 and said special forces were also among them. \nA presidential spokesman told reporters on Sunday an investigation was underway.\n\"Afghan president has ordered a full and technical investigation with regards to the attack on the military base. In order that the result of the investigation must be acceptable to the president and the people of Afghanistan,\u201d Shah Hussain Murtazawi told a news conference in Kabul. \nThe insurgent attack has led to a flood of criticism of President Ashraf Ghani\u2019s administration, with many accusing it of nepotism and appointing incompetent officers to key security posts who have failed to rid army ranks of soldiers suspected of links to the Taliban.\nA Taliban spokesman claimed that four of its fighters who participated in Friday\u2019s raid had served at the military base. \nOn Sunday, U.S. National Security Adviser H.R. McMaster spoke to his Afghan counterpart, Haneef Atmar, and condemned the terrorist attack.\n\u201cOn behalf of the President Trump administration, and the American people, Gen. McMaster reaffirmed U.S. support for the people and security forces of Afghanistan,\u201d Haneef\u2019s office said. It added that Atmar told McMaster his government is determined to clear ranks of Afghan forces of \"enemy influence and infiltrations\".\nThe U.S. military has repeatedly shown concern over thousands of\u201cghost soldiers\u201d in the Afghan army, meaning personnel who do not exist but their salaries are being drawn. \nA month ago, militants attacked the country's largest army hospital in Kabul and killed more than 50 people, including doctors and soldiers. However, militants who have pledged allegiance to Syria-based Islamic State terrorist group claimed responsibility for that attack. \n",
        "caption": "In Afghanistan, the Taliban released to the media this picture, which it said shows the suicide bombers who attacked the army base in Mazar-i-Sharif, April 21, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/26CF4FF2-01A4-4D7E-A9F2-458BCD08E846.jpg",
        "id": "17257_1",
        "answer": [
            "Afghan National Army\u2019s 209th Shaheen Corps",
            "soldiers and officers",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "bombers",
            "the Taliban"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_24_3822864",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_24_3822864_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What body is not holding back the people in the image?",
        "context": "HRW: Ruling Party Youth Responsible for Violence Across Burundi\nNAIROBI \u2014\u00a0\nThe name Imbonerakure means \u201cthose who see far\u201d in Kirundi, the primary language of Burundi; but, Human Rights Watch says what it sees is the ruling party\u2019s youth league committing atrocities across the country.\nIn a new report, HRW accuses Burundi\u2019s government of refusing to prosecute or rein in the Imbonerakure, which the rights group says should be held responsible for the violence.\n\u201cThese are very serious allegations and the cases that we\u2019ve documented are likely a fraction of the wider pattern of abuses,\u201d said Leslie Lefkow, HRW\u2019s deputy Africa director. \u201cIt\u2019s very clear that Imbonerakure members seem to have almost virtually complete impunity to commit abuses in Burundi at the moment.\u201d\nHRW says its findings are based on interviews conducted over the past three months, in which it documented \u201cscores\u201d of cases of killings, torture and severe beatings.\nFILE - Family and friends weep and pray after preparing the body for burial of Ndayizeye Janvier Abdul, who they say was killed by members of the Imbonerakure, in the district of Buterere in Bujumbura, Burundi, June 3, 2015.\nSpecifically, HRW says Imbonerakure members beat a 15-year-old boy to death with clubs, cut out a man\u2019s eye and then stomped him to death, and attacked people with knives, clubs, and wooden poles, among other abuses.\nThe rights group alleges members have also set up unofficial roadblocks in various provinces to sometimes detain and beat passersby, in addition to stealing money and possessions.\nAttempts to reach Burundi\u2019s presidential, police and ruling party spokespersons for a response to these allegations were unsuccessful.\nAccording to Human Rights Watch, sources say they have lost confidence in the justice system, which they believe cannot help victims and may even be implicated in abuses.\n\u201cThese cases point to a deeper climate of fear,\u201d said Lefkow. \u201cThere is a complete loss of confidence, in law enforcement, in the judiciary, because any politically sensitive cases are going to be led by ruling party policies.\u201d\nHRW is asking authorities to \u201cimmediately and publicly order Imbonerakure members to stop illegally detaining, ill-treating and extorting money from the population.\u201d It wants the judiciary to investigate and prosecute those responsible for the crimes, and for the government to remove the illegal roadblocks.\nCall for individual sanctions\nIn addition, HRW is calling for individual targeted sanctions against those responsible for serious human rights violations, at the highest levels.\nBurundi\u2019s current crisis began in April 2015, when President Pierre Nkurunziza announced his controversial bid for a third term. A recent report from human rights groups says that more than 1,000 people have died and hundreds have gone missing.\nFILE - Burundi's President Pierre Nkurunziza arrives for the ruling Conseil National pour la Defense de la Democratie - Forces pour Defense de la Democratie (CNDD-FDD) party extraordinary congress in Gitega Province, Burundi, Aug. 20, 2016.\nThe government has announced it will leave the International Criminal Court, while the ICC is still deciding whether to launch a full investigation into alleged atrocities.\nA European Parliament resolution Thursday called on the U.N. Security Council and the ICC to quickly open a full investigation.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Members of the Imbonerakure pro-government youth militia chase after opposition protesters, unhindered by police, in the Kinama district of the capital Bujumbura, in Burundi, May 25, 2015. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/42FE7002-25C2-44A7-9934-EA4C6516A97A.jpg",
        "id": "26926_1",
        "answer": [
            "Burundi\u2019s government"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Imbonerakure"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_19_3683444",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_19_3683444_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What are the two people on the right in the image a part of?",
        "context": "US Aims for Stronger Partnership With Central America\nSTATE DEPARTMENT \u2014\u00a0\nSenior American officials say the United States will signal strong commitment to Central America when top leaders from the region gather in Miami this week, despite a 2018 budget that proposes a significant cut in aid to those countries.\nThe Conference on Prosperity and Security in Central America, opening Thursday, will focus on economic, governance and security challenges in El Salvador, Guatemala and Honduras.\nThe two-day meeting will draw government and business leaders from the United States, Mexico, Central America and other countries. The American delegation will include Vice President Mike Pence, Secretary of State Rex Tillerson, Homeland Security Secretary John Kelly and Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin. They will join the presidents of the Northern Triangle countries \u2014 El Salvador's Salvador S\u00e1nchez Cer\u00e9n, Guatemala's Jimmy Morales and Honduras' Juan Orlando Hern\u00e1ndez \u2014 plus Mexico's foreign secretary, Luis Videgaray.\nThe goal is to build \"a broader partnership\" while seeking \"stronger and better integration of security, economic and social development issues,\" said William Brownfield, assistant secretary of state for international narcotics and law enforcement affairs.\nFILE - Members of the U.S. Coast Guard offload bails of over eight tons of cocaine interdicted in international waters, from the Cutter Bernard C. Webber at Coast Guard Station Miami Beach, June 13, 2016, in Miami Beach, Fla. The drugs were collected in the eastern Pacific Ocean off the coast of Central and South America over two months, the Coast Guard said.\nDrugs, migration\nLeaders will discuss how to combat transnational crime and drug trafficking, foster economic growth and promote the rule of law, U.S. officials said.\nCentral America \"has become a major transit corridor for illegal drugs and a significant source of irregular migration to the United States,\" the Congressional Research Service (CRS) acknowledged in a report released last week.\n\"We want to mobilize the international community to demonstrate its commitment to confronting the shared challenges we face in the region,\" said John Creamer, a deputy assistant secretary of state who oversees Cuba, Mexico, Central America and Western Hemisphere issues.\nRepresentatives of Belize, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, the European Union, Nicaragua, Panama and Spain also are invited to the Miami gathering.\nBudget questioned\nThe Trump administration has requested $460 million in assistance for the Northern Triangle in fiscal 2018, down more than 30 percent from its current $655 million allocation but \"still a substantial amount of money,\" Creamer said.\nSince fiscal 2016, Congress has appropriated $1.4 billion to implement U.S. strategy in Central America, the CRS reported.\nAdvocates worry the proposed cut would negatively affect Northern Triangle economies, security and migration.\nThe U.S. is \"sending a mixed message to the region in U.S. involvement in addressing the challenges\" facing Central America, said Adriana Beltran, a senior associate for advocacy group Washington Office on Latin America (WOLA).\nSenior U.S. officials say the proposed budget cut does not reflect reduced commitment to the region but instead a desire to get \"maximum value for the dollars\" allocated.\nFILE - Cubans watch as the first U.S.-to-Cuba cruise ship to arrive in the island nation in decades glides into the port of Havana, May 2, 2016.\nCuba policy\nPresident Donald Trump is to unveil a revised policy on Cuba in the coming days that would roll back parts of former President Barack Obama's efforts to normalize relations. The changes may include restrictions on those who travel to and do business with the island nation, whose leaders were not invited to the regional conference.\n\"It is even a bigger mixed message if the presidents of Central America and the vice president of the United States are in Miami to hold a meeting emphasizing the U.S. support for the region and the president shows up to deliver a controversial statement about a completely different Latin America issue,\" said Geoff Thale, WOLA's program director.\nU.S. media reports have predicted Trump will announce the Cuba policy changes Friday in Miami, but White House officials have declined to confirm such a trip.\nThe Trump administration has stressed the need to work with Central America on curbing illegal immigration, drug trafficking and transnational crime.\nLast month in Washington, Tillerson and Kelly met with their Mexican counterparts. Tillerson said the U.S. would \"continue to partner with Mexico to disrupt and destroy\" transnational criminal organizations that enable drug trafficking.\n\"Almost 20,000 Americans died from overdoses of heroin or synthetic opioids, including fentanyl, in 2015,\" Tillerson said at a joint press briefing. \"An estimated 100,000 Mexicans have died in drug-related violence since 2006.\"\nOn Friday, the conference moves to the U.S. Southern Command in Doral, Florida, where Kelly, who previously served as SOUTHCOM commander, will host talks on regional security.\n\"While the United States is indeed the magnet that feeds drug smuggling through Central and South America, it is mostly our friends in Mexico and to the south that feel the brunt of the violence and the crime,\" Kelly said last month.\nPence also will participate in bilateral meetings with the Northern Triangle leaders.\n",
        "caption": "Vice President Mike Pence, right, Secretary of State Rex Tillerson, 2nd right, attend a news conference between President Donald Trump and Colombian President Juan Manuel Santos in the East Room of the White House, May 18, 2017, in Washington.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/179FF7AE-6C37-4E07-8B02-D570403882AB.jpg",
        "id": "17427_1",
        "answer": [
            "The American delegation",
            "None",
            "American delegation"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Vice President Mike Pence, Secretary of State Rex Tillerson",
            "Vice President Mike Pence, right, Secretary of State Rex Tillerson"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_14_3898924",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_14_3898924_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What was the model of the vehicle that killed the person in the image?",
        "context": "Death Toll in Myanmar Plane Crash Rises to 31 \nThirty-one bodies have been found by rescue searchers, along with plane debris believed to be from a Burmese military aircraft that went missing Wednesday with 122 people on board, according to a government statement Friday.\nOfficials said the victims include 21 women, eight children, and two men. Pieces of luggage, life jackets and a plane wheel have been found in the waters about 35 kilometers from the southern city of Launglon.\nSearch efforts may be hampered in the next few days as bad weather approaches. A low pressure system over the Bay of Bengal is bringing storms and reduced visibility to the area.\nThe cause of the crash remains a mystery.\nNine naval ships and a group of airplanes and helicopters were sent out Thursday to search for the Chinese-made Y-8-200F plane, which Myanmar bought in March of last year and which the military said had 809 flying hours.\nThe plane, carrying mostly family members of military personnel, was traveling from the city of Myeik, also known as Mergui, in southeastern Myanmar on the Andaman coast. Most of the journey to Yangon, Myanmar's largest city, would have been over the Andaman Sea.\n\"We found debris around Horseshoe Bay,\" Tanintharyi Division Border Affairs and Security Minister Colonel Kyaw Zeya said in a Thursday interview with VOA's Burmese service.\n\"Our rescue team includes police officers, a fire brigade team, and local Samaritans. First aid and paramedics teams also have set up a makeshift hospital at the nearest beach to take care of survivors,\" he added.\n",
        "caption": "Family members of victims from a military plane crash prepare for a funeral ceremony in Dawei, Myanmar, June 9, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/6341DEA8-7549-4675-A378-B91F54940C2E.jpg",
        "id": "5581_1",
        "answer": [
            "Y-8-200F"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "plane",
            "victims from a military plane crash"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_09_3894040",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_09_3894040_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person wearing the orange clothing in the image used to be?",
        "context": "3 Indian Ruling Party Leaders Charged with Criminal Conspiracy\nNEW DELHI \u2014\u00a0\nThree senior leaders of India's ruling Hindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party, including a cabinet minister, have been charged with criminal conspiracy in connection with the demolition of a 16th century mosque 25 years ago.\nAppearing in a special court Tuesday in Lucknow city, former deputy prime minister Lal Krishna Advani, cabinet minister Uma Bharti and Murli Manohar Joshi pleaded not guilty to charges of inciting a Hindu mob that tore down the mosque in December 1992. They were granted bail.\nThe destruction of the mosque in the small, sleepy town of Ayodhya in northern India triggered some of the worst Hindu-Muslim violence witnessed in the country. About 2,000 people were killed.\nThe three leaders say although they were present when the mosque was destroyed, they did not incite the mob that brought down the stone structure with pickaxes and crowbars.\nHindus believe the mosque stood on the birthplace of one their most revered gods, Lord Rama and that Muslim invaders had built it after destroying a temple standing there.\nThe BJP led a massive movement in 1992 demanding that Hindus be allowed to build a temple on the spot. Although a quarter century has passed, it continues to be one of India\u2019s most contentious disputes between Hindu groups that want a temple built in Ayodhya and Muslim groups who insist the mosque must be rebuilt.\nFILE - Indian opposition leader and President of Bharatiya Janta Party (BJP) L.K. Advani, center right, and senior BJP leader Uma Bharti, center left, arrive at a court in Rae Bareilly, in the northern Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.\nNot guilty plea \nAs she entered the courtroom, Water Resources Minister Uma Bharti told reporters, \u201cI contributed to the movement with complete faith, I don\u2019t consider myself guilty.\u201d She said that in a manner concerning God, \u201cMy hopes also rest on God.\u201d\nThe ruling BJP is throwing its weight behind the three stalwart leaders. Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath of Uttar Pradesh state, where the mosque was located, met the three outside the courtroom in a show of solidarity.\nSeveral senior party leaders appeared on television to maintain the three are innocent.\nNew trial \nCharges of criminal conspiracy against the three had been dropped by a lower court in 2001, but India's Supreme Court ordered a fresh trial last month.\nThe trial is expected to conclude in two years and the three leaders have been told to appear personally in court.\nPolitical analysts say as the case is heard on a day-to day basis in the coming months, it will revive debate on what critics call the Hindu nationalist agenda of Prime Minister Narendra Modi\u2019s government. They say the agenda includes issues such as erecting a grand temple on the disputed site and protecting cows, which Hindus consider holy.\nA BJP member of parliament, Sakshi Maharaj said Tuesday as he emerged from the courtroom that \u201cno power on earth\u201d could stop the construction of the temple.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Indian opposition leader and President of Bharatiya Janta Party (BJP) L.K. Advani, center right, and senior BJP leader Uma Bharti, center left, arrive at a court in Rae Bareilly, in the northern Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/1D8A39A7-11EE-4271-A90A-3C401F00780E.jpg",
        "id": "24589_2",
        "answer": [
            "cabinet minister"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Uma Bharti"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_30_3877473",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_30_3877473_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the woman in the image find underwhelming",
        "context": "Dissenting Attorney General Tips Venezuela Political Crisis\nCARACAS \u2014\u00a0\nIt was a mesmerizing moment in Venezuela's fast-moving political crisis.\nTowards the end of a dry and detailed speech on her office's annual report, the country's bespectacled Attorney General Luisa Ortega paused, cleared her throat - and delivered a bombshell.\n\"I consider it a historic and unavoidable duty,\" she began, before denouncing two Supreme Court sentences that annulled the opposition-led congress and took Venezuela deeper into authoritarian rule.\nHitherto known as a stalwart ally of the ruling Socialists, whose prosecutors have helped put behind bars dozens of President Nicolas Maduro's foes, Ortega's public dissent on Friday was stunning - and the impact was immediate.\nCiting Ortega, the unpopular Maduro convened a special security committee at midnight which ordered the court to reconsider, and the offending clauses were scrubbed on Saturday.\nIt was a major climb-down by the Supreme Court, whose constant rulings against the opposition have bolstered Maduro's power, and the latest twist in a political and economic crisis that has plagued the South American OPEC nation in recent years.\nYet just as opposition supporters began lionizing Ortega and speculation surged of cracks in Maduro's inner circle, she visited him over the weekend for a friendly meet-and-greet in the presidential palace as cameras clicked.\nThat calmed rumors of a big rift among Venezuela's ruling elite and even fueled a conspiracy theory it had all been choreographed to allow Maduro appear like a statesman above an inter-institutonal fray.\nHowever, Ortega's disagreement appeared genuine. It was not her first and it possibly indicated wider dissatisfaction within government over human rights and democracy issues.\nIn a lesser-noted incident, the 59-year-old lawyer from central Guarico state who has been the nation's top prosecutor since 2007, spoke out last year over the killing of 13 civilians by soldiers who first tried to cover it up.\n\"I am committed to human rights,\" she said then.\nAnd in another incident earlier in 2016, when authorities initially rubbished opposition reports of a massacre of miners in the jungle, it was Ortega who then provided a stream of information confirming 17 bodies had been discovered.\n\"BRAVE WOMAN\"\nOrtega has also criticized sometimes over-violent state crackdowns on crime and gangs.\n\"She's a brave, honest and hardworking woman ... I've known her since the 1990s,\" said Ana Osorio, a left-wing politician who was a minister under Maduro's predecessor Hugo Chavez and is now part of a dissident group called Socialist Tide.\nSuch praise does not wash, however, with many supporters of the roughly 100 opposition activists languishing in Venezuela's jails, including the best-known prisoner Leopoldo Lopez.\nOpposition leaders, and some dissident judges, say many of Ortega's prosecutors have bowed to political pressure in the last few years, peddling fabricated evidence and exaggerated accusations to aid repression by the Maduro government.\n\"She doesn't go from villain to hero,\" said Jose Haro, a lawyer defending many of the jailed activists, who are mostly charged with violence or plotting against the state.\n\"She goes from being someone who for a long time was indifferent and complicit in grave rights abuses to someone who made a 180 degree change, and decided to abstain from continuing to allow abuses.\"\nOrtega has plenty of \"revolutionary\" credentials: she is married to a lawmaker from the ruling Socialist Party, and sat at the front row during Chavez's 2013 funeral.\nHowever, she is believed to have been unhappy for months with the continued jailing of some activists despite judges' orders to free them, sources within her office say, and could be an influential brake within government going forward.\nThe sources spoke of a distancing between her and first lady Cilia Flores and Supreme Court head Maikel Moreno amid inter-faction rivalries within the ruling \"Chavismo\" movement.\nThough cynics say Ortega may be trying to protect her name with an eye to the future if the government falls, her prosecutors have in fact since last year begun showing increasing concern for prisoners' health and complaints.\nGiven that emerging disquiet within the judiciary, lawyers say some cases have also been moved to military courts whose judges are directly named by the executive.\n\"We sign freedom orders, we do the processes, and then the Sebin [intelligence service] doesn't want to let prisoners go free,\" one frustrated prosecutor in Ortega's office told Reuters.\n",
        "caption": "Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro (R) talks with Attorney General Luisa Ortega Diaz during a meeting at Miraflores presidential palace in Caracas, April 1, 2017. (Presidencia de Venezuela Handout)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/C68A3F82-99E4-4EA3-8410-444B74CC766E.jpg",
        "id": "3507_1",
        "answer": [
            "continued jailing of some activists despite judges' orders to free them"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Luisa Ortega Diaz "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_03_3794587",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_03_3794587_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is starting to increase for the protestors in the image?",
        "context": "Senate Democrats, With Some GOP Support, Seek Trump Tax Returns\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. Senate Democrats urged the Senate Finance Committee on Wednesday to review President Donald Trump\u2019s tax returns, as part of a campaign in Congress that has begun to show signs of attracting Republican support.\nDefying decades of precedent, Trump has refused to release his tax returns while his tax affairs are under federal audit.\nDemocrats and other critics contend that the documents could show whether his global business empire poses any conflicts of interest as the president moves his agenda forward on issues ranging from tax reform to foreign relations.\nRequests to committees\nIn a letter dated Wednesday, seven Democrats on the Senate Finance Committee urged the panel\u2019s Republican chairman, Orrin Hatch, to request the documents from the U.S. Treasury so that lawmakers can review them in a closed session and determine whether the returns can be released to the public.\nDemocrats in the House of Representatives said they planned to pose a similar request Thursday to Hatch and House Ways and Means Committee Chairman Kevin Brady in a bipartisan letter signed by 140 lawmakers, including House Republicans Mark Sanford of South Carolina and Walter Jones of North Carolina.\nThe Democratic efforts face long odds in the Republican-controlled Congress. Three attempts in the House have met with defeat this year.\nHatch and Brady responded to the Senate request in a joint letter saying Democrats were suggesting \u201can abuse of the tax-writing committees\u2019 statutory authority\u201d that would set \u201ca dangerous precedent.\u201d\nDemocrats say they hope to create a bipartisan juggernaut to require the disclosure of Trump\u2019s and future presidents\u2019 tax returns by pushing forward on multiple fronts.\n'Lowest ethical bar'\nOn Monday, the House voted down a Democratic effort seeking the Republican president\u2019s returns, with Sanford and Jones voting \u201cpresent\u201d rather than opposing the measure.\nRepublican Senator Susan Collins of Maine told an interviewer last month she could be open to a subpoena of Trump\u2019s taxes as part of a Senate Intelligence Committee probe of alleged Russian meddling in the 2016 presidential elections.\nOn Wednesday, Politico quoted Republican Senator Lindsey Graham of South Carolina as saying he wanted presidential candidates to be required by law to release their tax returns beginning in 2020.\n\u201cThe tax return is the lowest ethical bar that you can have for a presidential nominee or a president,\u201d said Senator Ron Wyden of Oregon, top Senate Finance Democrat who introduced legislation in January requiring nominees and sitting presidents to disclose their returns.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Tom Martin carries a sign protesting U.S. President Donald Trump's refusal to release his income tax returns near the hotel where House and Senate Republicans are attending a retreat in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Jan. 26, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/86374913-23AA-4EC0-877F-DD75DDCF9414.jpg",
        "id": "2500_1",
        "answer": [
            "Republican support"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "President Donald Trump\u2019s"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_02_3746439",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_02_3746439_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What was the blonde person in the image gifted?",
        "context": "Ivanka Trump Gets West Wing Office, Access to Classified Info\nU.S. President Donald Trump's older daughter, Ivanka, now has an office in the West Wing of the White House and will have access to classified information, even though she is not a government employee.\nIvanka Trump will not have an official title, but must abide by the ethics rules that apply to government workers, according to her attorney, Jamie Gorelick, who also said the first daughter will not be paid a government salary.\nThe White House did not respond to requests for comment about the younger Trump's role.\nA statement from Ivanka Trump said she will continue to offer her father \"candid advice and counsel, as I have for my entire life.\"\nIvanka Trump was an effective surrogate for her father on the campaign trail and moved her young family to Washington. She has signaled plans to work on issues like maternity leave and child care.\nIvanka Trump has been a visible presence at the White House. On Friday, she participated in a meeting on vocational training with the president and German Chancellor Angela Merkel.\nGermany's Chancellor Angela Merkel (L) and Ivanka Trump (R) talk before a meeting with US President Donald Trump and business leaders in the Cabinet Room of the White House, March 17, 2017 in Washington, D.C.\nExempt from anti-nepotism laws \nShe joins husband Jared Kushner in the West Wing, the epicenter of executive government power, where he serves as a senior adviser.\nFederal anti-nepotism laws prohibit relatives from being placed in government positions; but, the Justice Department recently said the president's \"special hiring authority\" authorized him to appoint Kushner.\nGorelick said the Justice Department clarified the president could consult family members as private citizens, a role she maintained would be played by Ivanka Trump.\nThe first daughter continues to own her clothing and jewelry company but has turned over daily management to the company's president. She has also established a trust, managed by her husband's siblings, to provide additional oversight.\nGorelick said the company cannot make new deals with any foreign state and the trustees must confer with her over any new agreements. She said Ivanka Trump will be able to veto proposed business deals.\nIvanka Trump, 35, has relinquished her leadership role in the Trump Organization, from which she will receive fixed payments instead of a share of the profits.\n",
        "caption": "Germany's Chancellor Angela Merkel (L) and Ivanka Trump (R) talk before a meeting with US President Donald Trump and business leaders in the Cabinet Room of the White House, March 17, 2017 in Washington, D.C.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/6888097F-963A-4B5C-8440-AD6B2BA069E0.jpg",
        "id": "33650_2_1",
        "answer": [
            "an office in the West Wing of the White House"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Ivanka"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_21_3775256",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_21_3775256_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where many people like those kneeling in the image end their sea journey at?",
        "context": "Migrants Disillusioned With French Asylum Process Return to Calais\nCALAIS, FRANCE \u2014\u00a0\nSomali teenager Abdulaziz Ahmad hunkered down in the sand dunes outside Calais, once again plotting how to reach Britain, eight months after French government bulldozers cleared a sprawling migrant camp in the northern port town.\nIn October, Ahmad, 17, was rehoused in a reception center in Rennes, in the western Brittany region, and began the process of seeking asylum. He soon became disillusioned with the slow pace of French bureaucracy. After four months he gave up.\nNow his days are spent trying to climb aboard trucks and trains headed across the English Channel and evading riot police armed with batons and tear gas. He has no easy access to running water and relies on charities for food handouts.\nAid agencies and government officials estimate as many as 600 migrants have converged on Calais. Some, like Ahmad, were housed in the squalid \"Jungle\" camp before it was dismantled, while others are newcomers. All seek a better life in Britain.\n\"We know it is dangerous, but we have no other possibility because France is not giving answers on asylum requests. So people come back here,\" Ahmad said in broken English.\n\"The police here, they are very hard on us. Thank God I can run fast, like Usain Bolt,\" he said with a defiant smile.\nAhmad's personal belongings amount to little more than a mobile phone and wallet, carefully tucked in a light sports jacket. A charity gave him a plastic sleeping bag.\nA French riot policeman approaches migrants who are on their knees as French authorities block their access to a food distribution point in Calais, France, June 1, 2017.\nHis plight highlights how France and the European Union are struggling to find a coherent answer to a migration crisis that has tested cooperation among member states. French President Emmanuel Macron wants France's asylum process sped up.\nItaly, bearing the brunt of migrant arrivals across the Mediterranean, pressed Wednesday for more help from the bloc.\nThe Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development said the number of migrants fleeing war or poverty globally fell marginally in 2016 from a record high in 2015.\nMigrant surge expected\nCharity workers in Calais anticipate a surge in the number of migrants from countries like Eritrea, Ethiopia, Sudan and Afghanistan during the summer.\n\"We knew migrants would come back. The weather is improving and many of them tell us others are on their way,\" said Francois Guennoc of aid group Auberge des Migrants.\nAnother charity worker, Gael Manzi, said there had been an outbreak of scabies among the migrants because living conditions were so dire.\nMacron has promised migrants will be treated humanely after the national human rights watchdog was fiercely critical of the living conditions they face.\nFILE - A volunteer waves to migrant minors in a bus during their transfer by French authorities to reception centers across the country at the end of the dismantlement of the camp called \"the Jungle\" in Calais, France, Nov. 2, 2016.\nNonetheless, his interior minister, Gerard Collomb, last Friday dismissed charities' call for a new migrant reception center in Calais, saying it would act as a magnet, and said he would deploy extra riot police to contain the influx.\nA local court backed the government's stance but ruled local authorities must provide drinking water, toilets and showers.\nCalais Mayor Natacha Bouchard said on Twitter she would file an appeal.\nRegional prefect Fabien Sudry also said he was considering an appeal against some of the court's decisions.\n\"We are determined to prevent any kind of permanent settlement in the Calais area,\" Sudry said. \"These are complex issues. And we want to avoid creating any new pull effect.\"\nSudry denied accusations of police violence and said only one complaint had been submitted to the police so far this year.\nMigrants say they are too scared to walk into a police station and file a complaint.\n\"The police here are after us,\" said 17-year-old Eritrean national Robil Teklit, who complained his eyes itched constantly from repeated exposure to tear gas. \"But it's no worse than in Eritrea.\"\n",
        "caption": "A French riot policeman approaches migrants who are on their knees as French authorities block their access to a food distribution point in Calais, France, June 1, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/E1A7BDA9-5AF1-4F42-BC77-52F3E83218F2.jpg",
        "id": "25944_2",
        "answer": [
            "Italy"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "migrants"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_29_3921793",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_29_3921793_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What event happened at places like those in the image?",
        "context": "Egypt IS Leader Vows to Escalate Attacks on Christians\nCAIRO \u2014\u00a0\nThe leader of the Islamic State affiliate in Egypt has vowed to escalate attacks against Christians, urging Muslims to steer clear of Christian gatherings and western embassies as they are targets of their group's militants.\n\"Targeting the churches is part of our war on infidels,\" the unidentified leader said in a lengthy interview published by the group's al-Nabaa newsletter on Thursday. He also called on Muslims who don't join jihadists to carry out lone wolf attacks across Egypt, and complained that a large number of Egyptians were antagonistic to his group's call and mission.\nThe group claimed responsibility for twin suicide bombings that struck two of the country's Coptic Christian churches last month, killing more than 45 worshippers and prompting the president to declare a three-month state of emergency.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Soldiers guard a street near a church in downtown Cairo, Egypt, April 10, 2017, following Palm Sunday bombings in churches in Tanta and Alexandria that killed 45 Coptic Christians.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/33DD8296-AF49-4F66-979D-5D23869F40AE.jpg",
        "id": "19977_1",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "suicide bombings"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "church",
            "churches"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_05_3839656",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_05_3839656_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What caused the remarks from the person in the image with dark hair?",
        "context": "Cuomo Calls Anti-Semitic Attack in New York 'Reprehensible'\nJERUSALEM \u2014\u00a0\nVisiting New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo said Sunday that a recent rash of anti-Semitic acts in the United States was \"reprehensible\" and his state would have no tolerance for them.\nIn a visit to Israel, Cuomo made his first comments following the toppling of headstones at a Jewish cemetery this weekend in Brooklyn. It followed a series of vandalism attacks at Jewish cemeteries and more than 120 bomb threats to Jewish organizations in three dozen states since early January. In New York City alone, ant-Semitic hate crimes nearly doubled in the past year.\nSpeaking at the Yad Vashem Holocaust memorial, Cuomo says the incidents \"violated every tenant of the New York State tradition.\" He said the state has posted rewards and put together a special police unit to combat the phenomenon.\n\"New York State by its definition is a celebration of diversity, it accepts all, we believe in the spirit of inclusion and we live by discrimination of none. New York's principles are built on a rock they will not change and the political wings will not change them,\" he said, alongside Israeli President Reuven Rivlin. \"We have made it clear that there will be no tolerance for these acts of anti-Semitism.\"\nThe New York Police Department's hate crimes division is investigating the toppled headstones at Washington Cemetery in Brooklyn. It follows the targeting of a Jewish cemetery in Rochester, New York. \nAbout 100 headstones were recently overturned in a Jewish cemetery in Philadelphia. That came about a week after a similar crime in Missouri. In Indiana, an apparent gunshot fired into a synagogue Tuesday has drawn the attention of the FBI.\nCuomo, who returns to New York Monday, will also meet Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, tour the Western Wall and attend a security briefing at Jerusalem's Old City Police Headquarters. He'll also host a New York State-Israel Economic Development working lunch with the mayor of Jerusalem.\n",
        "caption": "The Governor of New York Andrew M. Cuomo, left, and Israeli President Reuven Rivlin speak to the media at the Yad Vashem Holocaust memorial, in Jerusalem, March 5, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/34FA076D-61B7-4C83-B874-6ABEA1D2501A.jpg",
        "id": "6415_1",
        "answer": [
            "the toppling of headstones at a Jewish cemetery",
            "the toppling of headstones at a Jewish cemetery this weekend in Brooklyn"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Cuomo"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_05_3750377",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_05_3750377_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who did the person on the left of the image snub?",
        "context": "Trump Says US Ready to Act Alone on North Korea\nPresident Donald Trump says if China is not going to solve the problem of North Korea, \"we will.\"\n\"China has a great influence over North Korea,\" Trump told London's Financial Times. \"And China will either decide to help us with North Korea, or they won't ... and if they don't, it won't be good for anyone.\"\nTrump hosts Chinese President Xi Jinping at the U.S. leader's Mar-a-Lago resort in Florida Thursday.\nTheir two-day summit will undoubtedly focus on North Korea and its nuclear program. Threats and sanctions, including China's recent cut-off of coal imports from North Korea, have failed to deter Pyongyang's drive to become a nuclear armed power.\nU.S. experts warn North Korea is planning its sixth nuclear text. Tokyo called a February North Korean ballistic missile launch over the Sea of Japan \"intolerable.\"\nDeputy National Security Advisor K.T. McFarland told the Financial Times it is conceivable North Korea could have the ability to hit the U.S. with a nuclear-armed missile by the end of the Trump administration in 2021.\nAppearing on ABC television's This Week broadcast Sunday, U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Nikki Haley said it is time for China to act and stop making \"excuses that they're concerned, too.\"\n\"They need to show us how concerned they are. They need to put pressure on North Korea. The only country that can stop North Korea is China,\" Haley said.\nFILE - A combination of two 2016 photos shows Donald Trump, then still president-elect, left, and China's President Xi Jinping. Trump and Xi are due to meet this coming week at Trump's Mar-a-Lago estate in south Florida.\nAll options on table\nThe White House is considering all options in dealing with North Korea, including military action.\nFormer U.S. defense secretary Ash Carter, also speaking on This Week, said the U.S. had a plan for a preemptive strike on North Korea's Yeonpyeong research facility in 1994 when Bill Clinton was president.\nCarter said the military option always has been and always should be on the table.\nHe said a preemptive strike on a missile launch pad could trigger a North Korean invasion of South Korea and the certain defeat of the North.\nBut, he warned the consequences of such a move would be a war that would have \"intensity of violence ... that we haven't seen since the last Korean War. Seoul is right there on the borders of the DMZ.\"\nCarter said the North knows the U.S. is emphasizing its deterrent posture and strength on the Korean peninsula.\nHe also said China knows that the collapse of North Korea would lead to a unified Korea allied with the U.S. right on its border.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A combination of two 2016 photos shows Donald Trump, then still president-elect, left, and China's President Xi Jinping. Trump and Xi are due to meet this coming week at Trump's Mar-a-Lago estate in south Florida.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B2907B8B-550A-40FB-9E22-4ADDBFBDA498.jpg",
        "id": "31019_2",
        "answer": [
            "China"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Donald Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_02_3793213",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_02_3793213_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person on the right of the image reassure?",
        "context": "Pence Heading to Europe to Reassure Allies\nU.S. Vice President Mike Pence left Friday morning for Europe, where he will spend the next several days meeting with world leaders in Munich and Brussels.\nThis will be Pence's first overseas trip since being sworn into office last month.\nA senior White House foreign policy adviser says the trip is \"an opportunity for the vice president to reassure our allies and our partners and also to lay out our U.S. priorities for the transatlantic relationship on behalf of\" President Donald Trump.\nEuropean leaders have been concerned about the Trump presidency because of the U.S. president's repeated expressions of admiration for Russian President Vladimir Putin and Trump's description of NATO last month as \"obsolete.\"\n\u201cThe European concern will not be so much about an isolated America but rather the risks of American unilateralism, and I think that is one of the key points where European leaders will seek reassurance from this administration. Whatever the direction of American policy in the world, that it\u2019s not going to be unilateral and that it will still place value on partnerships in Europe,\" said Ian Lesser, senior director for foreign and security policy at the GMF research organization.\nTrump has voiced his support for more protectionist economic measures. TTIP, the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership is unlikely to be agreed upon between the U.S. and EU, despite years of negotiations.\nEU Commissioner for Economic Affairs Pierre Moscovici told journalists earlier this week that the U.S. is the single most important source of uncertainty and that the EU is looking to ensure a spirit of cooperation.\n\u201cThe Americans remain our partners and our allies,\" Moscovici noted. \"We need to get to know some of the policy orientation they take on banking regulation and corporation on fiscal and banking standards in the context of G20.\u201d\nJoser Janning, a senior policy fellow at the European Council of Foreign Affairs said that Europe\u2019s best approach to strengthen ties with the U.S. would be by increasing the continent\u2019s ability to act.\n\u201cThe Trump factor merely makes the necessary adjustment more urgent. Both in the area of NATO and of the EU, the precondition for partnership with the U.S. can no longer be the inability of Europeans to protect and secure themselves, but their ability to do so,\" Janning said. \"Autonomy has become the essence of partnership, and needs to replace dependence.\u201d\nMunich Security Conference speech \nPence will address the Munich Security Conference on Saturday where, the adviser said, Pence is \"going to reassure our allies of our commitment to our European partners and the reassurance for the transatlantic alliance.\" \nThe adviser said Pence will deliver the message that \"we are the most secure and most prosperous when both the U.S. and Europe are strong and united.\"\nPence is expected to show the U.S. support for NATO, while echoing calls from Trump and Defense Secretary Jim Mattis for other countries to contribute more financially to the partnership.\nOn Wednesday, Mattis warned NATO ministers that Washington would \u201cmoderate its commitment\u201d to the alliance if allies do not commit a minimum of two percent of their GDP to their defense budgets.\n\u201cAmerica will meet its responsibilities, but if your nations do not want to see America moderate its commitment to the alliance, each of your capitals needs to show its support for our common defense,\u201d Mattis reportedly told the ministers Wednesday during a closed-door meeting.\nMattis did not say how Washington might alter its commitments to the 28-member alliance.\nTrump has, in the past, suggested the United States might not defend NATO allies who did not spend their share on defense.\nGerman Chancellor Angela Merkel attends the weekly cabinet meeting of the German government at the chancellery in Berlin, Feb. 15, 2017.\nMeetings with foreign leaders \nIn Munich, Pence will meet with German Chancellor Angela Merkel and several Eastern European leaders. He also will meet with Afghan President Ashraf Ghani and Iraqi Prime Minister Hiader al-Abadi.\nIn Brussels, Pence will meet with several European Council and NATO leaders, including European Council President Donald Tusk and NATO Secretary-General Jens Stoltenberg.\nUkrainian Foreign Minister Pavlo Klimkin confirmed with VOA's Ukrainian Service that President Petro Poroshenko also will meet with Pence in Brussels.\nKlimkin told VOA that he expected the White House and European allies to continue pressuring Russia over its past aggressions in Ukraine.\n\"I absolutely expect that the U.S. will play a more proactive role, along with our European partners, in pressuring Russia to fulfill their obligation according to the Minsk agreement,\" he said.\nThe Russian foreign minister Sergey Lavrov, right, and US Secretary of State Rex Tillerson stand together during the G-20 Foreign Ministers meeting in Bonn, Germany, Feb. 16, 2017.\nRussia \nU.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson met Thursday in Germany with Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov for the first time, and he left the meeting with expectations that Russia will adhere to the agreement.\n\"As we search for new common ground, we expect Russia to honor its commitment to the Minsk agreements and work to de-escalate violence in the Ukraine,\" Tillerson said in Bonn, where foreign ministers of the G-20 nations are meeting.\nUnder the 2015 Minsk agreement, Ukraine, Russia and Russia-backed separatists agreed to end the crisis in Ukraine, beginning with the withdrawal of heavy weapons.\nMarthe Van der Wolf contributed to this report from Brussels \n",
        "caption": "The Russian foreign minister Sergey Lavrov, right, and US Secretary of State Rex Tillerson stand together during the G-20 Foreign Ministers meeting in Bonn, Germany, Feb. 16, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D2FE4D55-FE55-43D9-B313-BCE19B15CB08.jpg",
        "id": "29212_3",
        "answer": [
            "Russia will adhere to the agreement"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Sergei Lavrov"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_17_3728579",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_17_3728579_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "Whose businesses might benefit from the conversation by the man on the phone in the image?",
        "context": "Trump-Putin Phone Call: 'A Toe in the Water'\nMOSCOW \u2014\u00a0\nSaturday's phone conversation between presidents Donald Trump and Vladimir Putin has raised the hopes of many Russian politicians for a U.S.-Russian rapprochement. But other observers in Moscow remain more cautious about the prospects for bilateral relations in the Trump era.\nAccording to the White House, the two leaders discussed topics ranging from \"cooperation in defeating ISIS [Islamic State]to efforts in working together to achieve more peace throughout the world including Syria,\" in a phone call that was \"a significant start to improving the relationship between the United States and Russia that is in need of repair.\"\nThe Kremlin said the two presidents \"expressed their readiness to make active joint efforts to stabilize and develop Russia-U.S. cooperation on a constructive, equitable and mutually beneficial basis.\"\nFILE - Russian President Vladimir Putin reads papers during a meeting in the Kremlin, in Moscow, Russia, Jan. 16, 2017.\nIt also said they discussed the fight against terrorism, the Middle East, the Arab-Israeli conflict, strategic stability and non-proliferation, Iran's nuclear program, the situation on the Korean Peninsula, and \"the main aspects of the Ukrainian crisis.\"\nTrump and Putin called for \"real coordination of actions\" aimed at \"defeating ISIS and other terrorist groups in Syria,\" and \"stressed the importance of rebuilding mutually beneficial trade and economic ties between the two counties' business communities,\" the Kremlin reported.\nAnti-IS coalition\nFollowing the call, Leonid Slutsky, head of the international affairs committee of the State Duma, the lower house of Russia's parliament, said he expects Washington and Moscow to forge a joint fight against Islamic State.\n\"The next step, I am sure, will be negotiations to create a broad anti-terrorist coalition in Syria, the formation of which the Russian president called for in 2015 from the rostrum of the U.N. General Assembly,\" Slutsky said.\nFILE - Traditional Russian wooden dolls depicting U.S. President Donald Trump and Russian President Vladimir Putin are displayed for sale at a street souvenir shop in St. Petersburg, Russia, Jan. 20, 2017.\nSlutsky also said he believes that references to economic issues in the conversation between Trump and Putin were a \"positive signal for investors and, in general, for the prospects of mending relations between our countries.\"\nNo word on sanctions\nSome Russian parliamentarians suggested the two presidents intentionally \u2014 and rightly \u2014 avoided discussing sanctions that the United States imposed on Russia for annexing Crimea and backing separatist rebels in eastern Ukraine.\n\"For tactical reasons, it was premature to raise the issue of lifting the sanctions in the first conversation,\" Mikhail Emelyanov, deputy head of the Just Russia party's faction in the Duma, told the Interfax news agency. \"I think that in the process of improving Russian-American relations, in the process solving international problems of mutual interest, the issue of sanctions will be resolved of its own accord.\"\nWhile it is no surprise that leading Russian politicians spoke approvingly of the Trump-Putin phone conversation, some Russian foreign policy experts say it is premature to make favorable forecasts about the future of U.S.-Russian relations.\n\"It seems to me that neither Putin nor Trump knows what constitutes the crux of the matter in our relations with America,\" Viktor Kremeniuk, deputy director of the Institute for U.S. and Canadian Studies, told VOA's Russian service. \"The fact that we will necessarily cooperate in the fight against ISIS helps us find some common ground. But, in my opinion, it doesn't go beyond that, neither with the Americans, nor with us.\nFILE - U.S. President Donald Trump speaks by phone with Russia's President Vladimir Putin in the Oval Office at the White House in Washington, Jan. 28, 2017.\n\"Trump probably wants expand cooperation with Russia,\" Kremeniuk added. \"But I'm not sure that he has a program for such an expansion, and I'm not sure that what he can offer will appeal to Putin.\"\nThorny issues remain\nThorny issues like the annexation of Crimea and war in eastern Ukraine are unlikely to continue to \"color\" the U.S.-Russian relationship, he said, adding that he believes the Trump administration is willing to soften the U.S. position on Crimea.\nAndrei Kolesnikov of the Carnegie Moscow Center told VOA's Russian service it is no accident the issue of lifting sanctions was not discussed in the two leaders' phone call.\n\"The conversation took place amid rumors that Trump had already prepared a draft document on lifting the sanctions, and everyone understandably got worked up, because he was showing that he is strictly carrying out his agenda, from a wall with Mexico to anti-immigrant legislation,\" he said. \"But, apparently, it is precisely with this issue \u2014 the issue of lifting sanctions against Russia \u2014 that something needs to be coordinated with partners from the EU and the U.K. in general, with partners in the Western world.\" \nHe added, \"Apparently, [British Prime Minister] Theresa May is not thrilled with this idea, and the EU is clearly strongly against it. Perhaps Trump decided to back off a little bit in this matter, although in the Kremlin's press release there is a phrase, very vague, about the importance of establishing mutually beneficial trade and economic ties.\"\nAccording to the Kremlin, the two presidents agreed to issue instructions to work out the possible date and venue for a face-to-face meeting.\n\"There was apparently nothing extraordinary in this conversation,\" Kolesnikov said. \"This is called \u2018putting a toe in the water.\u2019 If the water is warm, you can move farther in.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - President Donald Trump, accompanied by, from second from left, Chief of Staff Reince Priebus, Vice President Mike Pence, White House press secretary Sean Spicer and National Security Adviser Michael Flynn, speaks on the phone with Russian President Vladimir Putin, Jan. 28, 2017, in the Oval Office at the White House in Washington.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F3A840BC-7D43-4C7C-AD95-2B4A8D869906.jpg",
        "id": "31164_1",
        "answer": [
            "investors"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_30_3699085",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_30_3699085_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What concerns do other government officials have about the man in the center",
        "context": "Britain's Left-Wing Labour Surge Takes Inspiration from US, France\nLONDON \u2014\u00a0\nAs the political instability in Britain continues, pollsters say last week\u2019s election appears to have marked a watershed moment. Young people voted in big numbers \u2013 with some estimates suggesting turnout soared from 44 percent in 2015 to as much as 72 percent this year \u2013 and most voted for the left-wing Labour party. Activists say they have taken inspiration from other political movements across the globe.\nBen Noble and James Fox work at a radio station in Brighton. Outside work hours, they are committed Labour party activists. They\u2019re celebrating a big win.\nThe Labour candidate in Brighton Kemptown beat the incumbent Conservative MP by some 10,000 votes \u2013 a 10 percent swing. Pollsters say the youth vote was behind Labour\u2019s surge.\nSpeaking to VOA on Brighton\u2019s windy seafront, Ben Noble said the election has destroyed myths about young people.\n\u201cIt\u2019s simply not true that the young vote are uninformed or ignorant. In fact maybe we\u2019re more engaged than anyone else because we see news through Facebook and Twitter,\u201d he said.\nA voter arrives at a polling station in London, Britain June 8, 2017.\nInspired by Bernie Sanders \nIn the social media battle, Labour crushed its rivals. Of the top 100 shared political news stories, just five were pro-Conservative. Many youth activists took inspiration from Senator Bernie Sanders\u2019 campaign in the United States to become the Democratic Party's 2016 presidential candidate. Labour activist James Fox says he narrowly lost to former U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton \u2013 but galvanized left-leaning, young voters.\n\u201cI\u2019d never been involved with an election campaign. And seeing the Bernie campaign, how that worked, I was like, I know if it\u2019s going to happen that\u2019s the only way I can make it happen,\u201d he said.\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nLeft-Wing Labour Surge in Britain Takes Inspiration From US, France\nShare this video\n0:02:17\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:17\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 6.6MB\n360p | 11.3MB\n720p | 66.5MB\nNoble said younger people have watched the rise of global right-wing politics with alarm.\n\u201cThere\u2019s a sense of urgency as well because we saw what happened in America. A lot of us didn\u2019t like it. We saw what nearly happened with Le Pen in France. And I think it\u2019s scary times internationally,\u201d he said.\nThe Labour vote surged in university towns like Brighton \u2013 where many students were attracted by the party\u2019s pledge to scrap annual $12,000 tuition fees. The election laid bare Britain\u2019s generational divide. Pensioners Barbara and Ann accuse Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn of making promises the country can\u2019t afford.\n\u201cHe just won them for the youngsters, what he\u2019s put on, what he\u2019s going to do for the youngsters,\" said Barbara. \"And where is the money going to come from?\u201d\nAnn said, \u201cI do feel sorry for the young though. We certainly had it a lot better as we were growing up.\u201d\nJeremy Corbyn, leader of Britain's opposition Labour Party, holds newspapers and greets a passer by in Islington, London, Britain June 10, 2017.\nHopeful about future \nYoung Labour supporters see a brighter future with Jeremy Corbyn.\n\u201cThey\u2019ve shown that there\u2019s a pathway to a Labour government,\" said Fox. \"And everyone before that was saying, \u2018You\u2019re never going to be in power.\u2019\u201d\nNobel said, \u201cIt\u2019s also a vindication of left-wing policies. Left-wing policies have come alive again.\u201d\nLabour is still not in power. But the close result means another early election is possible. And the party\u2019s young supporters believe the momentum is with them.\n",
        "caption": "Jeremy Corbyn, the leader of Britain's opposition Labour Party, poses for a picture with first time voters at a campaign event in Garfoth, Leeds, May 10, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/984E840C-756B-45E0-AC95-25CD4910B510.jpg",
        "id": "3963_1",
        "answer": [
            "making promises the country can\u2019t afford"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Pensioners Barbara and Ann"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_14_3900243",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_14_3900243_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Why are the animals portrayed in the image allowed to be hunted?",
        "context": "Japanese Antarctic Hunt Kills 333 Whales\nTOKYO \u2014\u00a0\nJapan\u2019s whaling fleet returned home Friday after killing 333 whales in the Antarctic, achieving its goal for the second year under a revised research whaling program.\nThe Fisheries Agency said the five-ship fleet finished its four-month expedition without major interference from anti-whaling activists who have attempted to stop it in the past.\nCourt ruling\nJapan says the hunt was for ecological research. Research whaling is allowed as an exception to a 1986 international ban on commercial whaling. Opponents of the Japanese program say it\u2019s a cover for commercial whaling because the whales are sold for food.\nThe International Court of Justice ruled in 2014 that Japan\u2019s Antarctic whaling program should stop because it wasn\u2019t scientific as Tokyo claimed. Japan conducted nonlethal whaling research in the Antarctic in 2015, and revised its program in 2016 by reducing the catch quota to about one-third of what it used to kill. \n\u201cIt was great that we have achieved our plan. We will steadily continue our research toward a resumption of commercial whaling,\u201d Fisheries Agency official Shigeto Hase said at a welcome ceremony in Shimonoseki, homeport for the fleet\u2019s mother ship, Nisshin Maru. \nOfficials said the whalers used parts of the whales to determine their age, nutrition and reproductive conditions. Opponents say such studies can be done using non-lethal methods.\nHumane Society objects\nKitty Block, executive vice president of Humane Society International, an animal protection group based in Washington D.C., said Japan is needlessly killing whales every year. \n\u201cIt is an obscene cruelty in the name of science that must end,\u201d she said in a statement. \nJapan has hunted whales for centuries as a source of protein and cheaper alternative to other meats. Its whale catch has fallen in recent years in part because of declining domestic demand for whale meat. Protests by the anti-whaling group Sea Shepherd have also contributed to the decline. \nCritics say it\u2019s a dying industry, but Japan\u2019s government has spent large amounts of tax money to sustain the whaling operations, saying it\u2019s a Japanese cultural tradition that must be preserved. \n",
        "caption": "FILE - South Korean environmentalists beat whale-shaped balloons during a rally against Japan's whaling activities in the name of research near the Japanese embassy in Seoul, South Korea, Dec. 7, 2015. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/3BC3BBBA-BA5E-4499-B158-A3FBDFADED80.jpg",
        "id": "24651_1",
        "answer": [
            "an exception to a 1986 international ban"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "whaling"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_01_3791975",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_01_3791975_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person on the left of the image do?",
        "context": " McMaster Concludes Pakistan Talks With Call to Confront Terrorism\nISLAMABAD \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. National Security Adviser H.R. McMaster concluded Monday a daylong trip to Pakistan where he met civilian and military leaders to stress \"the need to confront terrorism in all its forms\" and reviewed efforts aimed at stabilizing neighboring Afghanistan.\nMcMaster visited Islamabad, a day after holding talks with Afghan leaders in Kabul to review and assess the situation with regard to the U.S. military\u2019s counterinsurgency and counterterrorism missions in the country.\nHe met with Pakistani Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif and his top foreign policy aides before holding talks with the country\u2019s powerful military chief, Gen. Qamar Javed Bajwa.\nSharif\u2019s office later issued a statement welcoming the first formal high-level exchange between the United States and Pakistan under the Trump administration.\n\u201cSharing his concerns over the deteriorating security situation in Afghanistan and the continuing impasse, the prime minister conveyed Pakistan\u2019s readiness to work with the International community to explore ways in which the Afghan crisis can be resolved,\u201d the statement said.\nIn this handout photograph released by the Press Information Department (PID) on April 17, 2017, Pakistan's National Security Advisor Sartaj Aziz (R) shakes hands with US National Security Adviser Lieutenant-General H.R. McMaster at the Foreign Ministry in Islamabad.\nIn a separate statement of its own, the U.S. Embassy said McMaster \u201cexpressed appreciation for Pakistan\u2019s democratic and economic development and stressed the need to confront terrorism in all its forms.\u201d\nThis is McMaster's first trip to the region since becoming President Donald Trump's national security adviser, and it comes in the wake of calls by military commanders for adding \u201cseveral thousand\u201d troops to the 8,400 U.S. forces already in Afghanistan to help break the \"stalemate\" in the battle with the Taliban.\nNo comment on more US troops\nSpeaking to a local Afghan television station after concluding his meetings in Kabul, McMaster withheld comments on whether a new strategy the Trump administration is putting together will include a boost to American troop strength in Afghanistan.\n\"Well, part of the new strategy will be what the president decides it is. What we are doing here is to\u2026President Trump to decide, really, what is the best course of action to begin to accelerate progress in the war and to help bring lasting peace and security to the Afghan people,\" the American adviser told TOLOnews.\nHe also had a message for leaders in Pakistan, whom Afghan officials accuse of permitting Taliban insurgents to establish sanctuaries and conduct attacks into Afghanistan with the help of Pakistan's intelligence agency.\nStrained relationship\n\u201cAs all of us have hoped for many many years, we have hoped that Pakistani leaders will understand that it is in their interest to go after these groups less selectively than they have in the past and the best way to pursue their interests in Afghanistan and elsewhere is through diplomacy not through the use of proxies that engage in violence,\u201d McMaster said.\nPakistani officials reject allegations of harboring the Taliban and maintain recent counterterrorism operations have dismantled terrorism infrastructure, particularly in border areas. Islamabad insists the insurgents have fled to dozens of Afghan districts currently controlled by the Taliban.\nCharges and counter-charges with regard to sheltering anti-state militants and sponsoring terrorist attacks against each other have in recent years damaged relations between Afghanistan and Pakistan.\n",
        "caption": "In this handout photograph released by the Press Information Department (PID) on April 17, 2017, Pakistan's National Security Advisor Sartaj Aziz (R) shakes hands with US National Security Adviser Lieutenant-General H.R. McMaster at the Foreign Ministry in Islamabad.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/EB8B21DC-6D71-46B6-8920-BE6D3E4B1928.jpg",
        "id": "14617_2",
        "answer": [
            "\u201cexpressed appreciation for Pakistan\u2019s democratic and economic development",
            "visited Islamabad, a day after holding talks with Afghan leaders in Kabul to review and assess the situation with regard to the U.S. military\u2019s counterinsurgency and counterterrorism missions in the country",
            "met with Pakistani Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif and his top foreign policy aides before holding talks with the country\u2019s powerful military chief, Gen. Qamar Javed Bajwa"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "McMaster",
            "H.R. McMaster"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_17_3813005",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_17_3813005_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the body in the image do?",
        "context": "Egypt's Parliament Expels Lawmaker Critical of Human Rights Record\nCAIRO \u2014\u00a0\nEgypt's parliament on Monday kicked out a prominent legislator with a reputation for being critical of the government because he allegedly \"belittled\" the assembly in correspondence with foreign organizations.\nMohamed Anwar al-Sadat, the nephew of late President Anwar al-Sadat, was also accused of forging lawmakers' signatures on a draft bill. He denies the accusation.\nSpeaker Ali Abdelaal said 468 members out of the chamber's 596 members voted to unseat Sadat and that there would be a by-election for his seat in the Nile Delta province of Monofiya.\nPresident Abdel Fattah al-Sisi's supporters dominate the legislature.\nSadat had chaired the House of Representatives Committee on Human Rights until he resigned in August, citing parliament's failure to address citizens' complaints of abuse.\nIn a statement Monday, he said the allegations against him were false.\n\"I answered the accusations with documents and demanded they be investigated by the judiciary,\" he said in a statement.\nSadat was an outspoken critic of Egypt's human rights record and called for the release of hundreds of activists during anti-government protests.\nA report by the House Committee on Constitutional and Legislative Affairs had found Sadat sent several statements in English to foreign entities including the Inter-Parliamentary Union that discussed the Egyptian parliament's inner workings which could \"belittle the stature of the House and its image.\"\nThe committee recommended his removal from office.\nSadat said his messages were press statements that he sent to journalists and others.\n\"These are my public political opinions, so if you put me on trial for them then I welcome your verdict,\" he said.\nLast month, Sadat criticized parliament's leaders, alleging that the speaker and his two deputies had received three armored cars worth 18 million Egyptian pounds (over $1 million) at a time of economic hardship for millions of Egyptians.\nThis is not the first time Sadat has lost his parliamentary seat. His peers also expelled him in 2007 after he declared bankruptcy. At the time, he opposed President Hosni Mubarak, his uncle's successor and one-time vice president. Mubarak was ousted in a 2011 mass uprising.\n\"It's not the end of the world,\" Sadat told journalists as he left parliament Monday.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Members of Egypt's Parliament attend the inaugural session in Cairo, Jan. 10, 2016. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D0E40238-0DCD-4774-B59A-58454632B1C1.jpg",
        "id": "6451_1",
        "answer": [
            "kicked out a prominent legislator with a reputation for being critical of the government",
            "kicked out a prominent legislator"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Egypt's parliament",
            "Parliament "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_27_3742098",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_27_3742098_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person wearing the black suit in the image leave?",
        "context": "Nigerian President to Resume Duties After 7-week Medical Leave\nNigerian President Muhammadu Buhari says he plans to resume work on Monday, after a seven-week leave for medical treatment abroad.\nBuhari flew back to Nigeria on Friday and addressed the nation for the first time since going to London on January 19.\nIn his speech, the president said he will write to Nigeria's National Assembly to inform lawmakers of his return and his intention to resume his duties.\nThe statement clarified earlier remarks in which Buhari said he came back on the weekend so he could rest while the vice president remained in charge.\nBuhari had transferred power to Vice President Yemi Osinbajo shortly before departing the country. The move that tamped down fears about the direction of Africa's most populous nation and avoided a repeat of the crisis in 2009, when President Umaru Yar'Adua was absent for months without conferring power to his deputy.\nBuhari was flown to the Nigerian city of Kaduna Friday morning, then taken by helicopter to the capital, Abuja, where he was greeted by Osinbajo and top military commanders as he stepped off the aircraft.\nIn his comments, Buhari did not disclose his illness, though he mentioned getting blood transfusions during his seven-week stay in London.\nHe told Nigerians he is feeling \"much better\" but may need follow-up care within the next few weeks.\nBuhari was not seen in public during his seven weeks in London, except in photos that showed him meeting with visitors. The Nigerian presidency has declined to say what ails the 74-year-old president, who has looked increasingly thin.\nFILE- Nigerian Vice President Yemi Osinbajo is seen in Abidjan, Sept. 1, 2015. On medical leave, Nigerian President Muhammadu Buhari temporarily transferred power to Osinbajo Jan. 19.\nSerious illness presumed\nSBM Intelligence, a Lagos-based risk management firm, says Nigerians deserve to know more.\n\"We believe that President Buhari should have come clean on his health status to Nigerians, stayed put in London, listened to the advice of his doctors, and catered to his health. No office is worth the life of any Nigerian, including when that Nigerian is the president,\" the company wrote in a statement.\nPaul Alaje, senior economist at SPM professionals firm in Abuja, says if Buhari returns to his duties, he will need to solve the country's economic problems. Nigeria is Africa's largest oil producer, but revenues have dropped sharply because of the global slump in oil prices, causing a recession.\nAlaje said he would give Osinbajo a 60 percent score on his performance as acting president.\nHe also said Buhari should explain his illness.\n\"It's a good thing that we have the president back. Many people believed he was dead. Some thought he was incapacitated,\" said Alaje. \"So, his return puts all those rumors to rest. ... [But] if the president is still resting, then he needs to tell us what is actually wrong. The president is no longer a private citizen. We, the Nigerian people, need to know what exactly is wrong with the president.\"\nChika Oduah in Abuja and Umar Farouk Mousa contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "In this photo released by the Nigeria State House, Nigeria President Muhammadu Buhari, second right, is welcomed by Nigeria Service Chiefs, on arrival from his medical leave in London, in Abuja, Nigeria, March 10, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/A9F1D51E-62C2-4F29-9E4C-253539CA1619.jpg",
        "id": "19709_1",
        "answer": [
            "work",
            "None",
            "medical treatment"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Muhammadu Buhari"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_10_3759841",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_10_3759841_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "How might the organization of the man in the image be affected by the government?",
        "context": "Trump's Budget Priorities Set Small Businesses Strategizing\nNEW YORK \u2014\u00a0\nThe priorities laid out in President Donald Trump's budget message have some small business owners strategizing how they might benefit from a big boost in defense spending, and others thinking about how to make up for revenue they could lose to cuts in grant programs and subsidies.\nWhile Trump's plan, released March 16, is far from the final word on the subject, he has called for a $54 billion increase in the Pentagon's budget. He has proposed cuts elsewhere, such as the Environmental Protection Agency and the Commerce Department, and no funding at all for 19 agencies including the National Endowment for the Arts. Departments and agencies across the government have programs that benefit small companies or offer them contracting opportunities.\n\"It's the opening bid in the negotiations,\" says David Primo, a professor of political science and business at the University of Rochester. The formal request that will go to Congress is expected in May, and even that version will be subject to negotiations among lawmakers.\nStill, the proposal does give small business owners a sense of Trump's goals, not only for the fiscal year that begins Oct. 1, but for the rest of his term.\nA look at how four business owners believe Trump's objectives could affect them:\nAn end to subsidies?\nAir Choice One would lose revenue if the administration succeeds in ending funding for the Essential Air Service program, says Shane Storz, the company's CEO. The St. Louis-based carrier gets federal subsidies under the program aimed at making it easier for people who live in rural areas to catch flights nearer their homes.\nThe company has 56 subsidized flights a day, sending eight-seater turboprops carrying about 2,000 passengers a month to seven small cities in Iowa, Illinois, Michigan, Tennessee and Arkansas. The federal program subsidizes 60 percent to 70 percent of the cost of Air Choice One's flights, Storz says. If the program's funding is reduced or eliminated, the airline would have to cut flights, forcing many passengers to drive two or more hours to an airport served by a major airline.\n\"We get a lot of elderly travelers who don't want to drive,\" Storz says.\nAir Choice One's subsidized flights run at 80 percent of capacity, a number consistent with major carriers. Storz is trying to increase ridership so the subsidized routes can be sustained even if funding is cut. The Trump administration says ending funding entirely would save the government $175 million.\n\"If the program ended, it would hurt tremendously,\" Storz says.\nHigher defense spending, higher sales\nInquiries about Frontline Selling's sales management software shot up after the call for higher defense spending was released, co-owner Mike Scher says. His customers, technology providers to government contractors and subcontractors, are hoping for a jump in sales under the budget plan and from Trump's call during a speech to Congress for $1 trillion in government and private spending on infrastructure.\n\"They believe that's going to come to fruition,\" says Scher, whose company is based in Alpharetta, Georgia, an Atlanta suburb. \"They're ramping up their business.\"\nThat has already helped Frontline Selling. Scher expects that his company's first-quarter revenue will rise 10 percent to 15 percent from a year ago, and there's a growing backlog of orders to fill. He's optimistic enough about government spending that he plans to hire five employees in the next quarter, increasing his staff to 55.\nHopes for fewer regulations\nCharles Markman looks at the budget proposal's call for a 13 percent reduction in Department of Transportation funding and hopes that would mean no new regulations governing the drone industry. The co-owner of Galaxy Media, which uses drones for aerial photography in central and southern Florida, says Federal Aviation Administration regulations slowed the progress of the company's startup three years ago.\n\"For the better part of a year, we were significantly impeded by rules,\" Markman says. \"The new administration recognizes the need for greater regulatory predictability.\"\nThe budget proposal did not mention regulations, but Markman noted that Trump signed an executive order in January requiring federal agencies to identify two regulations they will eliminate for every one they request.\nMarkman expects the budget that ultimately goes to Congress will prevent the FAA from adding staff who would write new regulations.\nArts funding cuts mean less business?\nThe possibility that the National Endowment for the Arts might lose all its funding has Shaun Breidbart concerned that some nonprofit theaters where he puts on stand-up comedy shows may take longer to pay him, or even shut down.\nAny funding cut to the agency could mean individuals and organizations lose grants that range from $10,000 to $100,000. Many of the theaters where Breidbart has shows get some of their operating budgets from those grants. Executive directors of some theaters have already told him that if they lose grant money, they might not be able to give him a deposit upon signing a contract, the usual procedure.\n\"They're not sure they're going to be able to spare the cash,\" he says. And if Breidbart doesn't get those deposits, which can be several thousand dollars, he cannot pay other comedians who appear with him.\nHe's also afraid if the NEA is eliminated, \"that next year, when I show up at a theater expecting to do a show, I'll arrive only to discover that the theater is closed.\"\n",
        "caption": "Air Choice One CEO Shane Storz poses for a photo with one of his company's aircraft in St. Louis, March 28, 2017. Air Choice One is an airline based in St. Louis that flies small planes to destinations in the Midwest and participates in the Department of Transportation's Essential Air Service subsidy program. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/1BAAF199-938B-4DFA-B168-A0A8B58D21C7.jpg",
        "id": "23001_1",
        "answer": [
            "lose revenue "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Air Choice One "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_30_3789730",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_30_3789730_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the people in the image do?",
        "context": "Facebook CEO Dinner Hosts Say He's Not Running for President\nNEWTON FALLS, OHIO \u2014\u00a0\nAn Ohio family that hosted Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg for dinner says he made it clear he wasn't planning to run for president in 2020.\nZuckerberg dined Friday at the Moore family home in Newton Falls during his mission to visit all 50 states. His trips have fueled speculation about his political aspirations on social media and the \u201cToday\u201d show.\nThe Moore family members are Democrats who voted for Republican Donald Trump for president. They say they talked to Zuckerberg about the decline of manufacturing and other challenges facing their town.\nZuckerberg told Buzzfeed in January he wasn't planning to run for president when he announced his trip. A representative says his intention was to learn about the different U.S. communities that use Facebook.\nFILE - Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg delivers the keynote address at the F8 Facebook Developer Conference in San Francisco, California, April 12, 2016. Zuckerberg's trip across the U.S. has fueled talk about his possible political aspirations.\nZuckerberg visited a Wisconsin farm Sunday and posted photos of himself driving a tractor.\n",
        "caption": "From left, Daniel J. Moore, Lisa Moore and Daniel E. Moore pose for a picture at their kitchen table in Newton Falls, Ohio, Monday, May 1, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/6CEDF25F-EA61-4D44-B5D0-9C67A24881FB.jpg",
        "id": "30438_1",
        "answer": [
            "voted for Republican Donald Trump"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Moore"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_02_3834395",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_02_3834395_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person on the right of the image do?",
        "context": "Veteran NASA Spacewoman Getting 3 Extra Months in Orbit\nCAPE CANAVERAL, FLORIDA \u2014\u00a0\nThe world's oldest and most experienced spacewoman is getting three extra months in orbit.\nNASA announced Wednesday that astronaut Peggy Whitson will remain on the International Space Station until September. The 57-year-old astronaut arrived last November and was supposed to return to Earth in June. But under an agreement between NASA and the Russian Space Agency, she'll stay another three months and take advantage of an empty seat on a Soyuz capsule in the fall.\nThis mission \u2014 her third \u2014 will now last close to 10 months. Scientists are eager to monitor any changes to her body, to add to the knowledge gained from retired astronaut Scott Kelly's recent one-year flight.\nThe two men she flew up with in November \u2014 France's Thomas Pesquet and Russia's Oleg Novitskiy \u2014 will return in June without her.\nWhitson has already spent more time in space than any other woman, counting all her missions, and just last week set a record for the most spacewalks by a woman, with eight.\nIn this image made from video provided by NASA, U.S. astronauts Shane Kimbrough, left, and Peggy Whitson, install a shield on a relocated docking port outside of the International Space Station, March 30, 2017.\nThis weekend, she'll take over as space station commander, her second time at the job.\nAnd on April 24, she'll set a new U.S. record for most accumulated time in space. That NASA record \u2014 534 days \u2014 is currently held by former space station resident Jeffrey Williams.\nWhitson welcomed Wednesday's news.\n\"I love being up here,'' she said in a statement. \"Living and working aboard the space station is where I feel like I make the greatest contribution, so I am constantly trying to squeeze every drop out of my time here. Having three more months to squeeze is just what I would wish for.''\nNASA's space station program director, Kirk Shireman, said Whitson's skill and experience make her \"an incredible asset'' up there, and her extra time will be put to good use.\nThere will be a return seat for Whitson in September because the Soyuz due to launch later this month will carry up one American and one Russian, one person fewer than usual. Russia is temporarily cutting back to two station residents. With Whitson's extended stay, the orbiting outpost will continue to have a full crew of six.\nWhitson, a biochemist who grew up on a farm in Iowa, became an astronaut in 1996. She served as NASA's chief astronaut from 2009 to 2012, the only woman to ever hold the job.\n",
        "caption": "In this image made from video provided by NASA, U.S. astronauts Shane Kimbrough, left, and Peggy Whitson, install a shield on a relocated docking port outside of the International Space Station, March 30, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B001981D-0B3C-4256-9A06-B66ED8A0F336.jpg",
        "id": "15405_2",
        "answer": [
            "spent more time in space than any other woman",
            "set a record for the most spacewalks by a woman, with eight",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Whitson",
            "Peggy Whitson"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_05_3798006",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_05_3798006_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What types of vehicles, like the ones in the image, are helping the people?",
        "context": "Interior Ministers of France, Germany and Italy to Discuss Italian Migrant Crisis\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nThe interior ministers of France, Germany and Italy will meet in Paris Sunday to help Italy deal with masses of migrants arriving on its shores.\nItaly is struggling to respond to the influx of tens of thousands of migrants and threatened earlier this week to close its ports to migrant rescue boats in order to force the vessels to go to other Mediterranean countries.\nOfficials say French Interior Minister Gerard Collomb, German counterpart Thomas de Maiziere and Italy\u2019s Marco Minniti will meet European Union Commissioner for Refugees Dimitris Avramopoulos in Paris Sunday to discuss the situation.\nWatch: EU Pledges Support as Italy Threatens to Close Ports Following Migrant Surge\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nEU Pledges Support as Italy Threatens to Close Ports Following Migrant Surge\nShare this video\n0:02:25\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:25\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 6.7MB\n360p | 10.3MB\n720p | 72.2MB\nUpsurge in migrants\nSo far this year, Italy has taken in 82,000 migrants as the country has become the main point of arrival to Europe for the mostly African migrants. In that same period, more than 2,000 migrants have died attempting to make the trip from North Africa.\nA stretch of good weather and calm seas has led to more than 10,000 migrants being rescued off Italy\u2019s coast since Sunday. At the current rate, and with months of good sailing weather ahead, the number of migrants heading toward Europe is on track to exceed the 200,000 who landed in Italy in 2016.\nRefugees and migrants from many different African nationalities sit aboard an overcrowded rubber boat leaving Libyan territorial waters early March 5, 2017. A similar boat carrying more than 100 people sank off the coast of Libya earlier this week and dozens are missing.\n\u2018Unsustainable\u2019 situation\nIn a letter to the European Commission, Italy\u2019s ambassador to the EU, Maurizio Massari, said the situation has become \u201cunsustainable.\u201d\nThe EU Commission has backed Italy\u2019s pleas for greater European solidarity and has urged other EU states to allow rescue boats to dock in their ports.\nEuropean Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker said Friday the group will discuss further measures with Italy and Greece in the next week to help them tackle the influx.\nAvramopoulos, the EU migration commissioner, also offered Italy his support this week. \n\u201cItaly is under huge pressure and we are not going to leave this country alone,\u201d he said.\nOther options\nLegal experts say Italy is likely obligated to take the migrants under international refugee laws. However, they say Italy may be trying to force the European Union to implement a 2015 agreement for countries to share refugees across the bloc, a deal that has so far made little progress in being implemented.\nOther EU nations have closed their borders to migrants, hoping to block them from moving north. Poland and Hungary have refused to host some asylum-seekers to help ease the burden on Italy and Greece, another front-line country.\nItalian Prime Minister Paolo Gentiloni has accused fellow EU nations of \u201clooking the other way\u201d and not doing enough to assist Italy with the surge in migrants.\nPolitical ramifications\nThe influx in migrants this week prompted Minniti, the Italian interior minister, to cancel a trip to Washington in order to address the growing crisis, which is turning into a political issue for the country\u2019s left-leaning coalition government. In municipal elections earlier this month, the coalition lost ground to center-right parties such as Matteo Salvini\u2019s Northern League, which has called for a \u201cstop to the invasion.\u201d\nAn intense debate is also centered around the role of international NGOs who fund boats to pick up the refugees. Some argue the groups are effectively aiding the human smugglers and allowing the trade to continue.\nMigrant origins\nThe migrants are coming from the shores of Libya, which has become the main gateway to Europe for people from across sub-Saharan Africa, and also from the Arabian Peninsula, Egypt, Syria and Bangladesh.\nAround 15 percent of the migrants arriving this year in Europe are Nigerian. Twelve percent are Bangladeshi; Guineans account for 10 percent, and 9 percent are Ivorians.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Migrants wait to disembark from the Vos Hestia ship as they arrives in the Crotone, Italy, after being rescued by a Save the Children crew in the Mediterranean sea off the Libya coast, June 21, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/79F475B3-1D08-4E63-8786-D864AADADAAB.jpg",
        "id": "31468_1",
        "answer": [
            "migrant rescue boats"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "boats"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_01_3924124",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_01_3924124_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What nations will the person without glasses in the image meet with?",
        "context": "Russia to Host Wider Regional Conference on Afghanistan\nISLAMABAD \u2014\u00a0\nRussia will host a regional conference on Afghanistan later this month to discuss efforts aimed at settling the protracted Afghan conflict and containing \u201cspillover effects\u201d of Islamic State terrorists trying to get a foothold in the war-ravaged nation.\nMoscow organized a tripartite meeting on the subject late December where it only invited Pakistan and China. The dialogue prompted strong reaction and protest from the Afghan government for being left out of it.\nRussian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov said Tuesday Afghanistan now has been formally invited to another round due in mid-February where senior officials from China, Iran, India and Pakistan also will be in attendance.\nLavrov made the statement in Moscow after talks with visiting Afghan counterpart, Salahuddin Rabbani, saying most of the countries already have confirmed their participation. \nIS emerged in Afghanistan about two years ago, and has been conducting extremist attacks in the country and in parts of Pakistan under its regional name of Islamic State of Khorasan Province (ISKP). But the terrorist group has not been able so far to extend its activities beyond few districts in eastern Afghan province of Nangarhar, which borders Pakistan.\nThe violent IS campaign has worried Pakistan, which shares a nearly 2,600-kilometer border with Afghanistan.\nRussia defends its active Afghan diplomacy, saying continued fighting between Afghan forces and the Taliban would allow IS to extend its activities to northern Afghan regions in its bid to infiltrate bordering Central Asian republics, and ultimately undermine Moscow\u2019s national security interests.\n\u201cRussia is much more concerned about the growth of IS in Afghanistan because they regard IS as a threat. So, they don't want this force [IS] to knock at the Central Asian and Caucasian doors,\u201d said Pakistani prime minister\u2019s foreign policy advisor Sartaj Aziz while speaking to VOA.\nFILE - Pakistan's National Security Advisor Sartaj Aziz, far left, holds talks with Afghan Foreign Minister Salahuddin Rabbani, far right, at the Foreign Ministry in Islamabad, Pakistan, Aug. 13, 2015.\nHe added that Moscow apparently is trying to form a regional platform to prevent Afghan instability from spilling over into neighboring countries.\n\u201cSo, they need a regional approach and a cooperative approach to make sure that this turmoil does not go in their sphere of influence so that is their main motivation and that is our priority also to make sure that terrorism does not spread from this area to other parts,\u201d said Aziz.\nPakistani authorities maintain that IS militants operating in Afghan border regions have been behind recent deadly attacks in their country.\nAdvisor Aziz emphasized the need for seeking an urgent negotiated settlement of the Afghan conflict by encouraging peace talks between the Taliban and the Kabul government. He insisted that continuation of hostilities will only fuel instability in Afghanistan.\nFILE - Afghan Foreign Minister, Salahuddin Rabbani, center, starts the meeting to discus a road map for ending the war with the Taliban at the Presidential Palace in Kabul, Afghanistan, Monday, Jan. 18, 2016.\nSpeaking Tuesday in Moscow, Foreign Minister Lavrov also underscored Russia\u2019s support for involving the Taliban in peace talks to end the Afghan war.\n\"We have confirmed our common stance that Taliban should be involved in a constructive dialogue in keeping with the criteria contained in the U.N. Security Council resolutions,\" Russian media quoted Lavrov as saying.\nThe Taliban has shown no willingness to engage in peace talks with the Afghan government, and instead has expanded its insurgent activities across the country, capturing more territory and inflicting more casualties on Afghan security forces, as well as civilians.\nThe United Nations also has documented a sharp increase in IS attacks against civilians, particularly against the Shia Muslim religious minority in Afghanistan last year.\nIt noted in its annual report, issued Monday, the number of civilian casualties perpetrated by ISKP increased nearly 10 times in 2016 when 899 civilian casualties occurred, including 209 deaths. The figures stood at 82, including 39 deaths in 2015.\nRussian officials maintain IS militants fleeing counter-terrorism operations in Syria and Iraq are seeking refuge in Afghanistan, and they are using the conflict-hit country to expand their extremist activities to neighboring countries. China and Iran also have expressed similar concerns.\n",
        "caption": "Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov, right, and his Afghan counterpart Salahuddin Rabbani shake hands after their meeting in Moscow, Russia, on Tuesday, Feb. 7, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/0E141855-C38D-4C90-88FF-AD778276AF8C.jpg",
        "id": "20981_1",
        "answer": [
            "China, Iran, India and Pakistan",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Sergey Lavrov",
            "Sergei Lavrov"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_07_3709818",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_07_3709818_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who could the people like those in the image benefit?",
        "context": "Trump Signs Executive Actions at Pentagon on Military, Immigration\nPENTAGON \u2014\u00a0\nPresident Donald Trump made his first trip to the Pentagon as commander in chief Friday, signing two executive actions during his visit.\nDuring a ceremonial swearing-in ceremony for Secretary of Defense James \"Jim\" Mattis, Trump described his executive memorandum as a \"great rebuilding\" of the armed services, to include new planes and ships and other \"tools\" for the military.\nIn the second action, Trump signed an executive order, following through on his campaign promise of \"extreme vetting\" of those who wish to immigrate to the United States. He said the new vetting measures would be designed to \"keep radical Islamic terrorists out\" of the country.\nWATCH: Trump Arrives at the Pentagon\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nPresident Trump Arrives at Pentagon\nShare this video\n0:00:33\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:33\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 1.7MB\n360p | 2.8MB\n480p | 17.2MB\n\"We only want to admit those into our country who will support our country and love deeply our people,\" Trump said, adding the U.S. would never forget the lessons of the Sept. 11, 2001, terrorist attacks on the United States, which included an attack on the Pentagon, where 184 people lost their lives.\nCritics of the executive order include No One Left Behind, an organization that resettles wartime translators inside the United States. The group issued a statement Friday saying the executive order would \"shut the door\" on foreign interpreters who have served alongside the military and are now looking for refuge in the United States.\nDefeating IS\nDuring the Pentagon visit, Trump, Vice President Mike Pence and National Security Adviser Michael Flynn met with top military leaders, including the defense secretary and members of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.\nFILE - Iraqi soldiers travel to the frontlines as families flee in Mosul, Iraq, Jan. 23, 2017. (H. Murdock/VOA)\nA defense official said the president asked leaders at the meeting Friday for new options on how to defeat Islamic State, along with options on how to build readiness and recapitalize the military.\nA U.S. official had told VOA ahead of the meeting that the president would be looking for counter-Islamic State (IS) options considered \"off the table\" during the previous administration.\nIn turn, top defense officials were expected to look for clear priorities to direct the counter-IS fight.\nFor example, one defense official told VOA on Friday that the Obama administration had made dual priorities of keeping ally Turkey satisfied and defeating IS.\n\"When everything is a priority, nothing is a priority,\" the official told VOA. \"Just tell us what is THE priority.\"\nOne counter-IS option that could be drafted for Trump is arming or otherwise enhancing the capabilities of a Syrian Kurdish group known as the YPG.\nAmerican support for the group is a sensitive proposal because NATO-ally Turkey considers the group a terrorist organization. However, Kurdish forces makes up the bulk of the force to retake Raqqa and have proven very effective against IS in Syria\u2019s north and east.\nFILE - A Kurdish fighter from the People's Protection Units (YPG) carries his weapons as he walks along a street in the northeastern city of Hasaka, Syria, Aug. 21, 2016.\nOther options to enhance the counter-IS fight could include providing U.S. Apache helicopter support in the battle for Raqqa, or sending more U.S. troops to the region.\nRoom to maneuver\nThe military is likely to ask Trump for broader authorities to give commanders room to maneuver in the fight. A defense official said this change could allow delegation at a lower level in order to \"alleviate the micro-approving that's been going on\" and provide \"speed and agility to tailor solutions to battlefield problems.\"\nWhen pressed by VOA, the official said an example of \"micro-approving\" was when the military was authorized to have a forward mobility number of exactly 203 troops in Syria last year.\n\"Every single person had to be approved,\" the official said.\nIf the new administration makes authorizations more flexible for the commanders, \"that would be a different equation for a warfighter, and probably easier,\" he added.\nThe absence of General Joseph Votel, the commander of U.S. Central Command, which oversees the counter-IS operation in Iraq and Syria, supported officials' expectations that this meeting would be more of a springboard for future strategic options to be presented at a later date.\nWATCH: Swearing-in Ceremony for Defense Secretary Mattis\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nSwearing-in Ceremony for Defense Secretary Mattis\nShare this video\n0:01:06\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:06\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 3.3MB\n360p | 4.2MB\n480p | 28.1MB\nWATCH: Mattis Thanks Trump for Having 'Confidence in Me'\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nDefense Secretary Mattis Thanks Trump for Having 'Confidence in Me'\nShare this video\n0:01:04\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:04\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 3.2MB\n360p | 4.2MB\n480p | 28.8MB\nSpeaking to reporters earlier Friday, Trump also addressed concerns about the use of torture and other enhanced interrogation methods under his administration. He said that while he disagrees with Defense Secretary Mattis' thoughts on enhanced interrogation of American enemies, the defense secretary's opinion would \"override\" his own.\n\"He's an expert. He's highly respected,\" Trump said, \"and so I'm going to rely on him.\"\nMattis has stated publicly that he does not believe in the use of torture, an interrogation method that Trump said he feels \"does work.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A Kurdish fighter from the People's Protection Units (YPG) carries his weapons as he walks along a street in the northeastern city of Hasaka, Syria, Aug. 21, 2016.",
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    {
        "question": "What is the person in the image with the tie accused of wanting to do?",
        "context": "German-Turkish Tensions Escalate\nISTANBUL \u2014\u00a0\nA steady flow of German politicians has angrily condemned Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan over his comments accusing Berlin of returning Germany to its Nazi past. Justice Minister Heiko Maas described the remark as \"absurd, disgraceful and outlandish.\"\nSunday, Erdogan criticized Berlin for banning, on security grounds, two of his ministers from making speeches to ethnic Turks in Germany in support of April's referendum in Turkey on extending presidential powers.\n\"Germany, you have no relation whatsoever to democracy and you should know that your current actions are no different to those of the Nazi. Period,\" Erdogan said to his supporters.\nGerman government spokesman Steffen Seibert also described Erdogan's comments as absurd, but added that people had to remain \"calm and level-headed.\" Analysts say this restrained response is in part due to the fact that German Chancellor Angela Merkel faces re-election this year and needs Ankara's cooperation in continuing to stem refugee flows into Europe.\nAnkara's rhetoric regarding Berlin is seen as unprecedented.\n\"We've never had this kind of escalation with Germany before and I would say this is serious,\" noted Semih Idiz, a political columnist for the Al-Monitor website. \"I have noticed that the German side [is] playing the whole thing down and trying to control the situation, but all the [aggravation] is coming from the Turkish side and we haven't seen this before.\"\nFILE - A migrant boy shows a banner saying he wants to travel to Germany rather than camps set up by Turkey, during a protest demanding the opening of the border between Greece and Macedonia in the northern Greek border station of Idomeni, Greece, March 23, 2016.\nTensions are likely to increase further after a German local authority Monday canceled at the last minute the use of a venue for a referendum meeting by Turkey's energy minister, Taner Yildiz.\nErdogan\u2019s uncertainty\nMore than 3 million ethnic Turks live in Germany, of which 1.4 million can vote in the Turkish referendum. Some observers suggest Ankara's tough rhetoric toward Berlin is, in part, explained by the fact that Erdogan is struggling to convince the electorate ahead of the April referendum, with many opinion polls indicating the result is too close to call.\n\"Erdogan and his AK Party don't have the confidence that it has had in past polls that it will win,\" said political consultant Atilla Yesilada of Global Source Partners. Yesilada suggests Erdogan could be seeking to consolidate his support among conservatives and nationalist voters, by playing on historical fears.\n\"Turks do believe, across the party lines, that there is a global conspiracy to undermine Turkey. And the AKP [ruling party] spin masters have interpreted Germany allying itself with the 'No' camp. And Mr. Erdogan's defiance sounds very well to those who feel this Judeo-Christian alliance is trying to enslave Turkey,\" Yesilada said.\nTrade, elections key\nDevlet Bahceli, leader of the right-wing Nationalist Action Party, on Monday lent his support to Erdogan and said he would be prepared to join him if he chose to go to Germany to challenge any restrictions on speaking there. The Turkish president has threatened to go to Germany and promised to \"stir up the world\" if he is prevented from speaking with ethnic Turks.\nFILE - Turkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, right, meets with German Chancellor Angela Merkel at the Presidential Palace in Ankara, Turkey, Feb. 2, 2017.\nDespite the angry words, analysts say Ankara will be mindful not to allow tensions to spin out of control, given Germany is Turkey's most important trading partner.\n\"Especially if we get a 'Yes' vote that comes out of it, then the next stage will be for government in Ankara to try and tone it all back,\" suggested columnist Idiz, but he warns it won't be easy. \"I think it will have left a bitter taste in the mouths in Europe.\"\nGiven that much of Europe is in an election cycle, until those contests are concluded, how European leaders react to Turkey will likely remain unclear, but analysts warn that Ankara could end up paying a heavy price for its tough rhetoric.\n\"If Merkel wins again, I think then we will see the full might of the German response,\" predicted consultant Yesilada, \"and I anticipate once this election cycle in Europe passes, that Europe will take swift and very severe measures against Turkey, which may reach economic and financial sanctions. Because Europe is getting sick and tired of Turkey's behavior.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Turkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, right, meets with German Chancellor Angela Merkel at the Presidential Palace in Ankara, Turkey, Feb. 2, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/70F7B714-4957-48E3-B36A-5E1667B2E5E4.jpg",
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            "to go to Germany and promised to \"stir up the world\" if he is prevented from speaking with ethnic Turks."
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    {
        "question": "What has happened to the type of items present in the image?",
        "context": "Export Boom? Eurozone Shows Britain How it's Done\nLONDON \u2014\u00a0\nFeted by some British newspapers as proof of a Brexit vote windfall, Britain's recent export recovery ranks as the worst among Europe's major economies, according to one closely-watched measure.\nSurveys of manufacturers across Europe published by data firm IHS Markit on Monday underlined Britain's challenge as it tries to become an export-led dynamo outside the European Union.\nThe export orders gauge of the UK Markit/CIPS Purchasing Managers' Index slid to a five-month low in June.\nWhile still indicating growth in exports, it left Britain as the weakest performer in terms of foreign orders, barring Greece, among big western European economies for a fourth month running.\nThat's a poor return for the pound's 12 percent fall against a range of currencies since the Brexit vote a year ago.\nIt also casts doubt over the belief among some Bank of England officials that strong exports will help make up for a slowdown in consumer spending, suggesting the British economy could cope with a first interest rate hike in a decade.\n\"Sterling's depreciation has been the least successful in Britain's post-war history,\" said Samuel Tombs, economist at consultancy Pantheon Macroeconomics consultancy.\nSince sterling began to fall at the end of 2015, net trade has dragged on the economy, unlike after earlier sharp falls in the exchange rate in 1967, 1975, 1992 and 2007/08, Tombs said.\nSome indicators have suggested exporters are doing well.\nThe Confederation of British Industry's gauge of manufacturing exports, which is based on a different methodology to the PMIs, hit a 22-year high in June.\nBut the official data is more muted: goods trade export volumes rose at an annual rate of 5.3 percent in the three months to April, the best showing since January 2016 but still below rates seen through most of 2015.\nAs well as putting Britain's export recovery into context, the latest figures suggest Britain's plan to become an export-led \"champion of free trade\" \u2014 as trade minister Liam Fox put it \u2014 is not entirely in its own hands.\nIts success will hinge just as much on how well its competitors fare in winning business in the same markets and, on that score, the euro zone is showing its muscle.\n\"I think that is a reflection of the euro area, in terms of them winning global trade gains due to the weak euro,\" Chris Williamson, chief business economist at IHS Markit, said.\nThe euro is 17 percent weaker against the U.S. dollar than at the end of 2014, despite a recent rally.\nPart of the underperformance of British exporters in relation to the euro zone may reflect the fact that they have hiked selling prices faster, to help recoup rising energy and imported material costs exacerbated by the weak pound.\nWhile the euro zone's export price index rose 2.7 percent between the third quarter of last year and the first quarter of 2017, Britain's increased more than 8 percent.\nIncreased volatility in sterling, which historically has been more stable than the euro against the dollar, might also be weighing on potential buyers of British goods.\n\"It's not so much that the UK is doing badly, it's just that the euro zone is doing very well at the same time,\" said Williamson.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Cars for export stand in a parking area at a shipping terminal in the harbor of the northern German town of Bremerhaven, October 8, 2012. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/4864D92C-0946-47B6-B691-B7DB7D3C64FA.jpg",
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    {
        "question": "What did the people in the image talk about?",
        "context": "Tillerson: US-Russia Relations at 'Low Point'\nSecretary of State Rex Tillerson says U.S.-Russia relations are \"at a low point,\" pointing to a lack of trust between the two countries.\nHis comments came Wednesday after hours of contentious talks in Moscow with Russian President Vladimir Putin and Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov.\nPutin, speaking separately to an interviewer from Russian state television, agreed that relations between Washington and Moscow have deteriorated this year.\nThe immediate dispute between Moscow and Washington involves how the April 4 chemical weapons attack in Syria occurred. Tillerson said the U.S. was \"quite confident\" that it \"was planned and it was directed and executed by Syrian regime forces.\" But Lavrov gave no ground on the Russian claim that the sarin gas assault was either a provocation by Syrian rebels or was triggered when Syrian warplanes struck a rebel munitions depot holding sarin gas.\n'Thorough' probe\n\"We have insisted that we have a very thorough investigation,\" Lavrov said at the news conference with Tillerson. \"We want an honest investigation.\"\nRussia's top diplomat said Moscow would not \"shield anyone\" responsible for the attack.\nTillerson's trip to Moscow represented the highest-level contact between the U.S. and Russia since Trump took office in January. The world's two biggest nuclear powers are at odds over multiple issues, including Moscow's continued support for rebels in eastern Ukraine battling the Kyiv government, and the U.S. intelligence community's declaration that computer hackers acting on orders from the Kremlin interfered in last year's U.S. presidential election.\nPutin and Tillerson, the former head of the oil giant ExxonMobil, know each other well. The Russian president once gave the then-CEO the Kremlin's Order of Friendship award, but the climate has cooled considerably since then.\nTillerson said Wednesday that Russian meddling in the U.S. election was a serious problem that had been \"fairly well established.\"\nU.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson and Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov enter a hall prior to their talks in Moscow, April 12, 2017.\nLavrov protested that Russia was the victim of \"very slanderous attacks,\" and added: \"I have to say once again ... no one has shown us a single fact.\"\n\"Give us the evidence\" of Russia's illicit involvement in U.S. politics, Lavrov said, \"and we will respond.\"\n'Potential' for improved relations\nThe U.S. cruise missile attack on a Syrian air base last week escalated tensions in the Syrian conflict, now in its seventh year, Lavrov said. However, he added that he believed Moscow and Washington have \"great potential\" to improve their relationship.\nU.S. criminal investigators and members of both congressional intelligence committees are studying last year's Russian hacking into computers at Democratic Party headquarters and the eventual release of emails by the anti-secrecy group WikiLeaks that were seen as embarrassing Trump's challenger for the presidency, former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton. The FBI is probing whether Trump's staff engaged in criminal collusion with Russian officials to boost Trump's election chances.\nTillerson said, \"We need to attempt to put an end to this steady degradation, which is doing nothing to restore the trust between our two countries or to make progress on the issues of the greatest importance to both of us.\"\nThe U.S. envoy said the two countries \"have agreed to establish a working group to address smaller issues and make progress towards stabilizing the relationship, so that we can then address the more serious problems. Foreign Minister Lavrov and I agreed we would consider further proposals made about the way forward in Syria, including consulting with our allies and coalition members, and we will continue discussions about how to find a solution to the Syrian conflict.\"\nFILE - Russian President Vladimir Putin heads a Security Council meeting in Moscow, March 31, 2017.\nPutin wants 'proof'\nPutin discussed the general decline in U.S.-Russian relations with the state television channel Mir before his meeting with Tillerson.\n\"It can be said that the level of trust at the working level, especially at the military level, has not become better, but most likely has degraded,\" Putin said. \"Where is the proof that Syrian troops used chemical weapons? There isn't any. But there was a violation of international law. That is an obvious fact.\"\nTrump praised Putin as a strong leader during his long campaign for the White House, but on Wednesday he highlighted the Russian president's role in the Syrian civil war.\n\"Frankly, Putin is backing a person that's truly an evil person,\" Trump said, referring to Assad. \"I think it's very bad for Russia. I think it's very bad for mankind.\"\n",
        "caption": "U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson with Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov ahead of their bilateral meeting at the Osobnyak Guest House in Moscow, Russia, on April 12, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/EBBEF011-F9C7-4FE1-BBCA-7E806DEA88BE.jpg",
        "id": "4632_1",
        "answer": [
            "how to find a solution to the Syrian conflict"
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        "bridge": [
            "Foreign Minister Lavrov"
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    {
        "question": "What process does the man in the foreground of the image claim to never interfere with?",
        "context": "Putin Denies Russia\u2019s Involvement in Hacking, Hails Trump\nST. PETERSBURG, RUSSIA \u2014\u00a0\nPresident Vladimir Putin insisted Thursday that the Russian state has never engaged in hacking and said Moscow will wait out the current political storm in the U.S. to forge constructive relations with President Donald Trump, whom he praised as a straightforward person with a \u201cfresh set of eyes.\u201d\nThe Russian leader acknowledged the possibility that some individual \u201cpatriotic\u201d hackers could have mounted some attacks amid the current cold spell in Russia's relations with the West, but scoffed at allegations that hackers could influence the outcome of elections in the United States or Europe.\nSpeaking at a meeting with senior editors of leading international news agencies, Putin also alleged that some evidence pointing at Russian hackers' participation in cyberattacks - he didn't specify which - could have been falsified in an attempt to smear Russia.\n\u201cI can imagine that some do it deliberately, staging a chain of attacks in such a way as to cast Russia as the origin of such an attack,\u201d Putin said. \u201cModern technologies allow that to be done quite easily.\u201d\nU.S. intelligence agencies have accused Russia of hacking into Democratic Party emails, helping President Donald Trump's election victory, and the Congressional and FBI investigations into the Trump campaign's ties with Russia have shattered Moscow's hopes for a detente with Washington.\nPutin said the \u201cRusso-phobic hysteria\u201d makes it \u201csomewhat inconvenient to work with one another or even to talk.\u201d\n\u201cIt's having an impact, and I'm afraid this is one of the goals of those who organize it are pursuing and they can fine-tune the public sentiments to their liking trying to establish an atmosphere that is going to prevent us from addressing common issues, say with regard to terrorism,\u201d the Russian leader said.\nTensions 'will end, sooner or later\u2019\nPutin said Russia had been encouraged by Trump's campaign statements in which he lamented Russia-U.S. ties being at a historical low and promised to improve them. He added that Moscow still hopes to forge a constructive dialogue with Trump.\nPutin predicted \u201cthis will end, sooner or later,\u201d adding that \u201cwe are patient, we know how to wait and we will wait.\u201d\nThe Russian president praised Trump as \u201ca straightforward person, a frank person.\u201d Putin added that while some see Trump's lack of political background as a disadvantage, he sees it as beneficial because \u201che has a fresh set of eyes.\u201d\nAsked if Russian hackers could try to shape the outcome of German parliamentary elections later this year, Putin said: \u201cWe never engaged in that on a state level, and have no intention of doing so.\u201d\nRussian President Vladimir Putin, fourth right in the back, meets with heads of international news agencies at the St. Petersburg International Economic Forum in St. Petersburg, Russia, June 1, 2017.\nHe noted that Russia can work constructively with any German leader, adding that he had good ties with German Chancellor Angela Merkel despite some differences.\nRussian meddling was also a concern in France, with Putin publicly expressing his sympathy for President Emmanuel Macron's rivals in the campaign. Macron's aides claimed in February that Russian groups were interfering with his campaign, and a document leak hit Macron's campaign in the final hours of the French race. Moscow has strongly denied all allegations of election meddling.\n\u2018No hackers can influence election campaigns\u2019\nPutin argued that hackers, wherever they come from, can't sway election outcomes because the public mood cannot be manipulated that easily.\n\u201cI'm deeply convinced that no hackers can radically influence another country's election campaign,\u201d he said. \u201cNo hackers can influence election campaigns in any country of Europe, Asia or America.\u201d\nPutin added that while the Russian state has never been involved in hacking, it was \u201ctheoretically possible\u201d that Russia-West tensions could have prompted some individuals to launch cyberattacks.\n\u201cHackers are free people, just like artists who wake up in the morning in a good mood and start painting,\u201d he said. \u201cThe hackers are the same, they would wake up, read about something going on in interstate relations and if they have patriotic leanings, they may try to add their contribution to the fight against those who speak badly about Russia.\u201d\nSanctions have \u2018zero effect\u2019\nRussia's relations with the West have been at post-Cold War lows over the Ukrainian crisis. The U.S. and the EU have slapped Moscow with sanctions over its annexation of Ukraine's Crimean Peninsula and support for pro-Russian insurgency in eastern Ukraine.\nPutin said Thursday that economic restrictions against Russia have had \u201czero effect.\u201d\nHe predicted that the current strain in relations will ease, because \u201cit's counterproductive and harmful.\u201d\nTouching on tensions in the Pacific, Putin said Russia's military deployments on a group of Pacific islands also claimed by Japan have been caused by concerns about the U.S. military buildup in the region.\nThe four islands, called the Northern Territories in Japan and the southern Kurils in Russia, were seized by the former Soviet Union at the end of the World War II, preventing the two countries from signing a peace treaty.\nPutin said the U.S. will likely continue to build up its missile shield in the region even if North Korea agrees to curb its nuclear and missile programs, in the same way it has continued to develop missile defenses in Europe despite a deal with Iran that curbed its nuclear program in exchange for lifting international sanctions.\n",
        "caption": "Russian President Vladimir Putin, foreground, speaks at his meeting with heads of international news agencies at the St. Petersburg International Economic Forum in St. Petersburg, Russia, June 1, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/5471E341-E798-44D6-ADED-D250D9594E46.jpg",
        "id": "33162_1",
        "answer": [
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        "question": "What did the person on the left of the image stress?",
        "context": "Tillerson: \u2018Strategic Patience\u2019 With North Korea is Over\nSEOUL \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson has again emphasized the need for a new approach to deal with the growing North Korean nuclear threat that would include more aggressive actions than those taken under former President Barack Obama\u2019s Policy of Strategic Patience.\nIn South Korea Friday, he said, \u201cLet me be very clear the Policy of Strategic Patience has ended. We are exploring a new range of diplomatic, security and economic measures. All options are on the table.\u201d\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;North Korea is behaving very badly. They have been \\\"playing\\\" the United States for years. China has done little to help!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/842724011234791424\\\"\\u0026gt;March 17, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nIn his first official trip to Asia this week, Tillerson - a former oil executive with no prior diplomatic experience - is visiting North Korea\u2019s key neighboring countries: Japan, South Korea and China.\nPresident Donald Trump\u2019s newly appointed top diplomat flew into the U.S. Osan military airbase Friday morning where he met with the commanders of the U.S. Forces in Korea before visiting the heavily fortified Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) along the inter-Korean border, established by an armistice agreement signed at the end of the Korean War in 1953.\nAfter meeting with Acting President Hwang Kyo-ahn and South Korean Foreign Affairs Minister Yun Byung-se, Tillerson reiterated what he said in Tokyo Thursday; that diplomatic efforts of the past 20 years have failed, and that the $1.35 billion the U.S. provided North Korea in past assistance \u201cas encouragement\u201d did not work to persuade the leadership in Pyongyang to give up its nuclear ambitions.\nStarting in the 1990s, the U.S. provided food aid and fuel oil shipments as part of a nuclear freeze deal that fell apart after it was learned Pyongyang was violating the agreement by secretly operating a uranium enrichment program.\nFILE - South Korean protesters wave U.S. and South Korean flags at a rally to support the deployment of THAAD, an advanced U.S. missile defense system, Feb, 15, 2017.\nTHAAD divisions\nSouth Korean Foreign Minister Yun Byung-se voiced strong support for Tillerson\u2019s call for more effective measures to pressure the Kim Jong Un government to dismantle its nuclear program.\n\u201cWe will make North Korea feel the pain in its misguided administration, and change its calculation in the end,\u201d said Yun.\nBoth leaders also defended the need for increased defensive measures, including the controversial U.S. THAAD missile defense system being deployed in South Korea that can potentially intercept a nuclear-armed ballistic missile at a high altitude.\nThe current ruling conservative government in Seoul has downplayed China\u2019s strong opposition to THAAD as an unnecessary and provocative military escalation, and its concern that the system\u2019s powerful radar could be used to monitor others in the region. Beijing is reportedly retaliating by restricting the operations of some South Korean companies, and putting limits on some imports and tourists.\nThe U.S. secretary of state called on China to end the informal sanctions it has imposed on South Korea to protest the THAAD deployment.\n\u201cWe believe these actions are unnecessary and we believe they\u2019re troubling. We also believe it is not the way for a regional power to help resolve what is a serious threat to everyone,\u201d he said.\nFILE - South Korean President Park Geun-hye speaks during an interview at the Presidential Blue House in Seoul Sept. 16, 2014.\nPresidential election\nSouth Korea, however, is in the midst of dramatic political change following the impeachment of conservative President Park Geun-hye for her alleged involvement in an influence peddling scandal. A new presidential election has been scheduled for May 9 and the leading candidate is liberal Moon-Jae-in from the Democratic Party Of Korea. His party has been critical of THAAD, saying it is not worth the cost of alienating China.\nIn the National Assembly Friday, Woo Sang-ho - a Democratic Party leader - said, \u201cit is impossible to make North Korea give up its nuclear and missiles (programs) with just strengthening the arms race in Northeast Asia.\u201d\nThe South Korean liberal coalition, poised to take power in May, supports strong sanctions, but also believes real economic and diplomatic incentives are needed to peacefully resolve the North Korea nuclear situation.\nEffective sanctions\nTillerson said he will discuss increasing the enforcement of sanctions against North Korea when he visits Beijing Saturday. The U.S., he said, will work to increase international participation in implementing the sanctions and pursue increased unilateral measures as well.\nThere are reports that Washington is considering increased financial penalties against Chinese companies and banks that do business with North Korea.\nBeijing\u2019s enforcement of sanctions is critical as it is North Korea\u2019s largest trading partner. China recently halted all coal imports for this year, but has also indicated it is reluctant to implement harsh measures that could trigger widespread instability and the collapse of the Kim government.\nUndated photo released by North Korea's Korean Central News Agency (KCNA) via KNS on March 7, 2017 shows the launch of four ballistic missiles by the Korean People's Army (KPA) during a military drill at an undisclosed location in North Korea.\nMilitary option\nNorth Korea\u2019s accelerated efforts to develop the capability to strike the U.S. mainland with a nuclear tipped intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) has added a new urgency in Washington to deal with this longstanding security threat\nTillerson said all options, even military options, are being considered to deal with the North\u2019s advancing capabilities.\n\u201cIf they elevate the threat of their weapons program to a level that we believe requires action, that option is on the table,\u201d he said.\nMany in South Korea and Japan argue that there are no viable military options. Possible airstrikes to take out North Korean nuclear and missile sites, critics say, would fail to end the nuclear threat, as many of the country\u2019s nuclear and missile facilities are hidden in fortified underground bunkers. And worse, analysts say, a U.S. attack could draw China and the entire region into a full-scale nuclear war that would kill millions.\nU.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson writes a message for soldiers on a brick wall before the lunch meeting at the Camp Bonifas near the border village of Panmunjom, which has separated the two Koreas since the Korean War, in Paju, South Korea, March 17,2017.\nMilitary drills\nSouth Korean and U.S. troops are currently involved in large-scale joint military exercises. About 17,000 American troops and more than 300,000 South Koreans are expected to participate in these drills, which have increased in scope and size in the last few years. Washington and Seoul say the exercises are defensive in nature, but North Korea has denounced them as rehearsals for invasion.\nPak Myong Ho, an official with the North Korean embassy in China, on Thursday denounced the joint military drills and said North Korea will continue with nuclear tests if the U.S. threat of force persists.\nChina recently proposed the U.S. halt joint exercises in return for North Korea\u2019s agreement to suspend further nuclear tests and ballistic missile launches. But the U.S. secretary of state rejected that proposal, saying that a freeze at this time would \u201cleave North Korea with significant capabilities that would represent a true threat, not just to the region, but to American forces as well.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "US Secretary of State Rex Tillerson, left, speaks as South Korean Foreign Minister Yun Byung-se looks on during a press conference in Seoul, March 17, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/1A9E1C4F-AD8E-4B87-A597-1591A76BE6DF.jpg",
        "id": "28513_1",
        "answer": [
            "the need for a new approach to deal with the growing North Korean nuclear threat"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Rex Tillerson"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_17_3770305",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_17_3770305_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What issues affected people who support the person on the screen in the image?",
        "context": "Voters Await Economic Revival in a Part of Pro-Trump America\nPRAIRIE DU CHIEN, WISCONSIN \u2014\u00a0\nShe tugged 13 envelopes from a cabinet above the stove, each one labeled with a different debt: the house payment, the student loans, the vacuum cleaner she bought on credit.\nLydia Holt and her husband tuck money into these envelopes with each paycheck to whittle away at what they owe. They both earn about $10 an hour. She did the math; at this rate, they'll be paying these same bills for 87 years.\nIn 2012, Holt voted for Barack Obama because he promised her change, but she feels that change hasn't reached her here. So last year she chose a presidential candidate unlike any she'd ever seen, the billionaire businessman who promised to help people like her win again.\nMany of her neighbors did, too - so many that for the first time in more than 30 years, Crawford County, Wisconsin, a sturdy brick in the once-mighty Big Blue Wall, abandoned the Democratic Party and that wall crumbled. Some 50 counties stretching 300 miles down the Mississippi River - through Minnesota, Wisconsin, Iowa and Illinois - transformed in one election season into Trump Country.\nThey voted for Trump for an array of reasons, and the list of grievances they hope he now corrects is long and exacting: stagnant wages, the cost of health care, a hard-to-define feeling that things are not getting better, at least not for people like them.\nHere in Crawford County, residents often recite two facts about their hometown, the first one proudly: It is the second-oldest community in the state. The next is that it's also one of the poorest.\nThere are no rusted-out factories to embody this discontent. The main street of Prairie du Chien butts up to the Mississippi River and bustles with tourists come summer. Pickup trucks crowd parking lots at the 3M plant and Cabela's distribution center where hundreds work. Just a few vacant storefronts hint at the seething resentment that life still seems harder here than it should.\nJackie Suelflow, right, and Mikey Clanton, left, dance and sing during a ladies bowling night in Prairie du Chien, Wis., Wednesday, Jan. 18, 2017.\nIn this place that astonished America when it helped hand Trump the White House, many of those who chose him greeted the frenetic opening acts of his presidency with a shrug. Immigration is not their top concern, and so they watched with some trepidation as Trump signed orders to build a wall on the Mexican border and bar immigrants from seven Muslim countries, sowing chaos around the world.\nThey are still watching and they are waiting, their hopes pinned on his promised economic renaissance.\nJim Bowman, director of the county's Economic Development Corporation, says some of the economic anxiety here is based not on measurable decay, but rather a perception that life is decaying. There are plenty of jobs, but it's hard to find one that pays more than $12 an hour. Ambitious young people move away. Rural schools are dwindling, and with them a sense of pride and purpose.\n\"If you ask anybody here, we'll all tell you the same thing: We're tired of living like this,\" said Mark Berns, leaning through the service window in the small-engine repair shop that he can barely keep open anymore.\nMark Berns sits in his small engine repair shop in Prairie du Chien, Wis., Jan. 19, 2017.\nBerns watched Trump's first days in office half-hopeful, half-frightened. He bemoaned what he described as Trump's quantity-over-quality, \"sign, sign, sign\" approach to governing.\n\"I just hope we get the jobs back and the economy on its feet, so everybody can get a decent job and make a decent living, and have that chance at the American dream that's gone away over the past eight or 10 years. I'm still optimistic,\" he said, sighing. \"I hope I'm not wrong.\"\nMarlene Kramer, center, attends a wrestling meet to watch her stepdaughter Sierra, 16, center left, cheerlead at a high school wrestling meet in Prairie du Chien, Wis., Jan. 19, 2017.\nMarlene Kramer is also optimistic Trump will make good on his promises. Her priority is health care.\nKramer, who voted twice for Obama, used to watch Trump on \"Celebrity Apprentice.\" ''I said to myself, 'Ugh, I can't stand him.'\" When he announced his candidacy, she thought it was a joke. \"Then my husband said to me, 'Just think, everything he touches seems to turn to money.'\" And she changed her mind.\nShe's 54, and she's worked since she was 14, all hard jobs: feeding cows, standing all day on factory floors. Now she works at a sewing shop, where she's happy, and gets to sit. But there's no health insurance.\nKramer said she's glad the Affordable Care Act has helped millions get insurance, but it hasn't helped her.\nShe and her husband were stunned to find premiums over $1,000 a month. They opted to pay the penalty of $2,000 until Trump, she hopes, keeps his promise to replace the law with something better.\nRobbo Coleman watches a live broadcast of former President Barack Obama waving goodbye during the inauguration of President Donald Trump at the Sawmill Saloon in Prairie du Chien, Wis., Jan. 20, 2017.\nAcross town, Robbo Coleman leaned over the bar he tends and described a similar political about-face. He held up an ink pen, wrapped in plastic stamped \"Made in China.\"\n\"I don't see why we can't make pens in Prairie du Chien or in Louisville, Kentucky, or in Alabama or wherever,\" said Coleman.\nColeman doesn't love Trump's moves to build a wall or ban certain immigrants, but he's frustrated that other politicians stopped listening to working people like him.\n\"We've got to give him some time,\" he said. \"He's not Houdini.\"\nFarmer Bernard \"Tinker\" Moravits is also willing to wait and see.\nChange is what he looked to Obama for and now expects from Trump. The price of milk and agricultural goods has plummeted, and it's getting harder to keep things running. He wants the president to reduce red tape and renegotiate trade deals to benefit American farmers.\nHe has several choice words for Trump's move to build \"his stupid wall.\" Moravits employs Hispanic workers who have been with him 15 years. He trusts them to do a dirty, difficult job that he says white people aren't willing to do.\nBut unlike many transfixed by Trump's presidency, Moravits doesn't stay up-to-the-minute on the news.\n\"The play-by-play don't mean bullshit,\" he said. \"It's like watching the Super Bowl. What counts is how it ends.\"\nMoravits isn't sure Trump is going to \"Make America Great Again\" for farmers. But he feels he had to take the gamble.\nHe laughed, then shrugged and pantomimed rolling the dice.\n",
        "caption": "Jeff Dull watches as President Donald Trump is sworn in during a live broadcast of the inauguration at the Sawmill Saloon in Prairie du Chien, Wis., Jan. 20, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/BEC454E9-5709-44FB-8130-E7C416D73223.jpg",
        "id": "27942_1",
        "answer": [
            "stagnant wages, the cost of health care, a hard-to-define feeling that things are not getting better"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_08_3714448",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_08_3714448_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in the middle of the image say?",
        "context": "Hundreds of Other British Buildings Could Face Fire Threat\nEstimates from the British government show that 600 other high-rise buildings in the country could be covered in similar cladding to that used on Grenfell Tower, which became engulfed in flames last week in London.\nFollowing the June 14 fire, the British government asked owners of tower blocks around Britain to send in samples of any cladding material used on their buildings for testing.\nAs of Thursday morning, authorities have found combustible cladding on at least three tower blocks, according to British officials.\nSamples of cladding tested\nBritish Prime Minister Theresa May said the government can test at least 100 samples per day, and the relevant local agencies for those combustible samples have been notified.\n\u201cAs I speak, they are taking all possible steps to ensure buildings are safe and to inform affected residents,'' she said.\nFILE - Britain's Prime Minister Theresa May, center, speaks to firefighters after arriving at Grenfield Tower in London, June 15, 2017, following a deadly fire in the apartment block.\nBritish police and fire officials are still trying to determine whether the cladding at Grenfell Tower led to the rapid spread of the fire throughout the building. It took less than an hour for the entire building to become engulfed in flames.\nAt least 79 people are presumed dead in the fire at the public housing building.\nThe 1974 concrete building had recently been fitted with new insulation cladding. Survivors of the building claim that cheap materials for the cladding and a lack of maintenance on the building were to blame for the fatal fire.\nMay has promised a public inquiry into the disaster as police investigate whether any criminal offenses were committed.\nFor any guilty parties there will be nowhere to hide,\u201d she said.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Britain's Prime Minister Theresa May, center, speaks to firefighters after arriving at Grenfield Tower in London, June 15, 2017, following a deadly fire in the apartment block.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/CC4990DE-DDC8-485D-9EB1-CD5DC92F6072.jpg",
        "id": "32742_2",
        "answer": [
            "the government can test at least 100 samples per day"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Theresa May"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_22_3911404",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_22_3911404_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person at the head of the table in the image bring up?",
        "context": "Ghani to Allow Taliban Office if Afghan Peace Progresses\nISLAMABAD \u2014\u00a0\nAfghan President Ashraf Ghani has again invited the Taliban to peace talks at a \u201cmutually agreeable\u201d venue, promising the insurgents they eventually will be allowed to open a representative office if significant progress is made.\nGhani made the offer while addressing a peace conference he convened Tuesday in Kabul of regional and international partners to discuss ways to end the deadly conflict in Afghanistan and boost cooperation to counter the Islamic State-led emerging regional threat of terrorism.\n\u201cWe would accept that the location for peace talks can be anywhere that is mutually agreeable, whether it be in Kabul where we would provide guarantees or elsewhere. If there is agreement to develop a peace roadmap acceptable to both sides, we would allow Taliban groups to open a representative office so that both sides can meet in safety,\u201d said Ghani.\nThe conference - named the \"Kabul Process on Peace and Security Cooperation\" \u2014 was attended by representatives from 26 countries and international organizations. It took place as the turmoil-hit nation witnesses some of the worst terrorist attacks in years and unprecedented Taliban battlefield advances since 2001.\nA powerful bomb went off at a main mosque in the western city of Herat on Tuesday, killing at least 10 people and wounding many more, Afghan officials said. There were no immediate claims of responsibility and a Taliban spokesman denied its involvement.\nAfghan security forces inspect the site of a blast in Herat, Afghanistan, June 6, 2017.\nOn May 31, a massive truck bombing of the Afghan capital\u2019s diplomatic section killed more than 150 people and injured hundreds of others, including foreigners.\nThe Taliban said it had nothing to do with the blast, the deadliest attack in the 16-year-old conflict.\n\u2018Offering a chance for peace\u2019\nWhile offering peace talks to the Islamist insurgency, Ghani reiterated his preconditions, including recognition of the Afghan constitution, continuity of the reforms of educating and advancing the rights of women, and renunciation of violence and linkages with terrorist groups.\n\u201cWe are offering a chance for peace but we must also be clear that this is not an open-ended opportunity,\u201d Ghani said.\nThe Taliban unofficially maintains its \"political office\" in Qatar, but Kabul does not recognize it and has been pushing Qatari authorities to close it down.\nA Taliban spokesman rejected Ghani's latest offer of a peace dialogue and denounced Tuesday\u2019s Kabul gathering as another attempt to \"endorse and prolong foreign occupation\u201d of Afghanistan.\nPresident Ashraf Ghani, center, speaks during the Kabul Process conference at the Presidential Palace in Kabul, Afghanistan, June 6, 2017.\n\u201cThe Kabul administration wants peace talks only for the Taliban to surrender but this fake process will never succeed,\u201d said Zabihullah Mujahid in a statement sent to media, including VOA. \nHe asserted that the Taliban, and Afghans in general, would welcome any peace conference that is organized for ending the \u201coccupation\" of their country because all other gatherings would be \u201cfutile and unproductive.\u201d \nGhani, in his speech, also underscored the urgency of resolving the conflict, saying Taliban-sponsored terrorism is attracting terrorists linked to Syria-based Islamic State to find refuge in Afghanistan.\nPakistan criticized\n\u201cGlobal terror has targeted Afghanistan \u2026 Best estimates show an increase from 200 to 11,000 [IS-linked] foreign fighters over the past four years,\u201d Ghani noted.\nThe U.S. military, however, estimated the number of IS loyalists in Afghanistan stood at about 3,000 at the group's peak two years ago, but sustained counterterrorism operations have since reduced the number to fewer than 800, according to American military officials.\nGhani again criticized neighboring Pakistan for a lack of cooperation in promoting Afghan peace. Afghan officials allege that Taliban insurgents are using sanctuaries on Pakistani soil to wage the insurgency.\nDelegates attend a gathering of 23 nations, the EU, U.N. and NATO intended to discuss security and political issues in Afghanistan, at the Presidential Palace in Kabul, June 6, 2017.\nThe Afghan spy agency blamed the Haqqani network, a Taliban ally, for conducting the May 31 attack in Kabul with the direct support of the Pakistani intelligence agency.\nAuthorities in Pakistan have strongly rejected what they say are baseless allegations and part of a \u201cmalicious agenda\u201d to damage renewed efforts Islamabad has been making to improve bilateral ties and enhance cooperation to fight terrorism.\nAfter a special meeting of top commanders Tuesday, the Pakistani military pledged to continue its cooperation with Afghanistan in fighting terrorism and militancy.\n\u201cThe forum took exception to the unwarranted accusations and threats against Pakistan in the aftermath of the Kabul blast. The forum also concluded that instead of blaming Pakistan, Afghanistan needs to look inward and identify the real issues,\u201d said a statement issued after the meeting.\n",
        "caption": "President Ashraf Ghani, center, is seen during the so-called Kabul Process conference at the Presidential Palace in Kabul, Afghanistan, June 6, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/96AE69BA-89B7-43C1-8F52-685B32B4AB49.jpg",
        "id": "30938_1",
        "answer": [
            "ways to end the deadly conflict in Afghanistan"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Ghani"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_06_3889221",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_06_3889221_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the people in the image not do?",
        "context": "Debate over Race And Policing Roils Start of German Election Year\nBERLIN \u2014\u00a0\nA new acronym coined by German police to describe troublemaking migrants from North Africa has sharpened a national debate over immigration and crime as the country recovers from a deadly attack and gears up for a vital election this year.\nPolice in Cologne said this week they had prevented trouble on New Year's Eve by screening some 650 'Nafris' \u2013 an abbreviation of 'Nordafrikanische Intensivtaeter' or 'North African Repeat Offenders' - and removing 190 from the city center. Ninety-two were detained.\nThe operation followed intense criticism of the police for failing to protect hundreds of women from being sexually molested, mostly by North African men, at the start of 2016.\nBut the 'Nafri' tag has set off a row, with some politicians on the left denouncing it as racist while defenders argue it is just one more acronym in a language filled with difficult compound nouns.\n\"It's bizarre and so typically German to be arguing about the word 'Nafri' instead of saying 'fortunately there were no problems',\" said Thomas Jaeger, political scientist at Cologne University.\nHe said the row was \"grist to the mill\" of the anti-immigrant Alternative for Germany (AfD) party as it prepares for an election in May in North Rhine-Westphalia, the state that includes Cologne, and for a federal election in September.\n\"Police are being accused of racial profiling. What are they supposed to do? Screen all young women or grannies?\" Jaeger said. Racial profiling is not legal in Germany, but police have powers to screen anyone seen as a potential security threat. Security and immigration are both key issues as Chancellor Angela Merkel prepares to run for a fourth term, facing intense pressure for letting in more than a million migrants in the past two years.\nA failed asylum-seeker killed 12 people by ploughing a truck through a crowded Berlin Christmas market last month, emboldening critics who argue that the mass influx from countries such as Syria, Iraq and Afghanistan is exposing the country to terrorism.\nLast year's Cologne sex attacks helped revitalize the AfD, which scored a series of electoral successes in 2016 and even beat Merkel's conservatives into third place in one state.\nAhead of the May 14 state vote in North Rhine-Westphalia, the anti-immigrant party is polling over 10 percent in Germany's most populous state. It also threatens to erode Merkel's support in the national election.\nAfD leader Frauke Petry weighed into the latest controversy with a sarcastic tweet, saying: \"Nafris were probably on the way to join the church choir.\"\nThe German interior ministry said 'Nafri' is not a term it uses and Cologne police chief Juergen Mathies said it was \"unfortunate\" that a term employed internally had been used in public. The police union said it was simply an acronym and notracist.\nA Forsa opinion poll for RTL TV found 79 percent believed Cologne police acted appropriately on New Year's Eve.\n",
        "caption": "German riot police officers take their possitions near the Hauptbahnhof before New Year celebrations for 2017 in Cologne, Germany, Dec. 31, 2016. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B70A2ADE-FCE2-42EE-A9ED-4E5FD8211E61.jpg",
        "id": "17531_1",
        "answer": [
            "protect hundreds of women from being sexually molested, mostly by North African men, at the start of 2016",
            "None",
            "protect hundreds of women from being sexually molested"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "German riot police officers",
            "police"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_03_3661329",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_03_3661329_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where country are people like those in the image leaving from?",
        "context": "IOM Head: People Smugglers Make $35 Billion a Year on Migrant Crisis\nESTORIL, PORTUGAL \u2014\u00a0\nPeople smugglers make about $35 billion a year worldwide and they are driving the tragedy of migrants who die trying to cross the Mediterranean to reach Europe, the head of the International Organization for Migration (IOM) told Reuters on Wednesday.\nIncreasing numbers of desperate migrants fleeing from Africa and elsewhere due to conflicts and humanitarian crises are dying as they attempt to reach Europe via Libya, coaxed to do so by smugglers as they wait in detention centers.\nThe death toll of people crossing the Mediterranean has reached 1,700 so far this year before the summer when many more often make the journey, compared to 3,700 for all of 2015 and 5,000 last year, said IOM head William Lacy Swing.\nFILE - A plastic raft overcrowded with migrants drifts in the central Mediterranean Sea, May 18, 2017.\n\"Now, let's be careful because those are the people we know who died, how many other bodies are submerged in the Mediterranean or buried in the sands of the Sahara?\" he said in an interview on the sidelines of a conference on migration.\n\"That's the tragedy and this is why we are so concerned to try to caution migrants about smugglers. The smugglers are really the big problem. It's about $35 billion a year [that people smugglers make] and we know they're making lots of money across the Mediterranean.\"\nPeople smuggling now represents the third-largest business for international criminals, after gun and drug trafficking, he said.\nLibya has become a major point of departure for migrants from Africa, where lawlessness is spreading six years after the fall of strongman Muammar Gaddafi and migrants say conditions at government-run migrant centers are terrible.\nAfter visiting Libya in March, Lacy Swing said his organization is \"all ready to go\" and return international staff to Libya to work at migrant centers but has so far not been allowed to do so by the United Nations.\nFILE - Illegal migrants, who have been detained after trying to get to Europe, look out of barred door of a detention hut at a detention camp in Gheryan, outside Tripoli, Libya.\nOn Tuesday, the IOM and U.N. refugee agency UNCHR presented plans in Geneva on boosting operations in Libya. Lacy Swing said the IOM was ready to help the government with Libya's own internally displaced people and work in migration centers.\nHe said Europe's migrant crisis has been aggravated by what he called \"unprecedented anti-migrant sentiment, fueled now by suspicions that some of those fleeing terrorism might be terrorists themselves.\"\nBut he urged governments to try to address the root causes of migration \u2014 conflicts, water shortages and big disparities between rich and poor countries.\n\"In my lifetime I have never known a situation quite like today, because you have nine armed conflicts and humanitarian emergencies from West Africa to the Himalayas,\" he said.\nHe said Europe needs to come up with a comprehensive plan on migration \"but I don't see it happening any time in the near future, but we'll do everything we can to support them on it.\"\nLacy Swing stressed that \"migration is not an issue to be solved, it's a human reality that has to be managed or governed.\"\n\"We know that historically, migration has always been overwhelmingly positive.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A plastic raft overcrowded with migrants drifts in the central Mediterranean Sea, May 18, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/C0CF2E5C-5080-4F26-80C0-E54EF27D4104.jpg",
        "id": "20905_2",
        "answer": [
            "Libya",
            "None",
            "Africa"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "migrants"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_31_3881457",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_31_3881457_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What are the people in the image investigating?",
        "context": "Bomb Rips Through Protest Rally in Pakistan, at Least\u00a013 Killed\nISLAMABAD \u2014\u00a0\nPolice and witnesses in Pakistan say that a suicide bomber detonated a blast at a protest rally in the eastern city of Lahore, killing at least 13 people and wounding around 85 others.\nTwo senior police officers were among the dead and rescue workers feared the toll was likely to increase.\nThe rally was being staged outside the provincial legislature by chemists and pharmaceutical manufacturers who oppose new regulations.\nWitnesses said the slain police officers were negotiating with protest leaders to seek an end to the rally when the bomb exploded.\nIt was not clear immediately whether a planted device or a suicide bomber conducted the blast.\nA breakaway faction of the Pakistani Taliban claimed responsibility for the violence in the capital city of the country\u2019s most populous Punjab province. A spokesman for Jamaat-ul-Ahrar said one of its suicide bomber carried out the attack.\nThe bomb attack in the second largest Pakistani city came after an overnight roadside bomb killed three soldiers in a volatile tribal region bordering Afghanistan.\nA spokesman for the main anti-state Pakistani Taliban claimed responsibility for the violence in South Waziristan, a semi-autonomous tribal region where counter-insurgency military operations are underway.\nThe group also took credit for ambushing a van carrying the reporting team of a private television station in Karachi.\nThe Sunday night gun attack in the largest southern Pakistani city left an assistant cameraman dead, according to police.\nPakistani troops have been battling the insurgents and claim to have dismantled their hideouts and bases in remote areas near the Afghan border but the militants are still able to carry out terrorist attacks.\nMeanwhile, police in Quetta confirmed that two experts of its bomb disposal squad got killed and 8 other people wounded in a bomb blast in the city minutes ago. The slain explosive experts had just arrived on the scene after receiving information about a suspicious bag when the device went off.\n",
        "caption": "Police and security officers cordon off the area of a deadly bombing, in Lahore, Pakistan, Feb. 13, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/663C24EA-7CEF-4E08-9EF9-6A8044833089.jpg",
        "id": "1655_1",
        "answer": [
            "a blast at a protest rally"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Police"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_13_3720930",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_13_3720930_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did people like those in the image do?",
        "context": "IS Attack in Eastern Syria Leaves at Least 30 Dead\nMonitors say Islamic State extremists in eastern Syria launched a fierce attack on government-held areas Saturday in the contested city of Deir Ezzor, killing at least 30 government fighters, militants and civilians.\nThe Syrian Observatory for Human Rights said the offensive came in waves of suicide attacks and rockets, as IS fighters battled to try to gain full control of territory linking their de facto capital of Raqqa in northern Syria with large swaths of IS-controlled territory in neighboring Iraq.\nGovernment forces in Deir Ezzor, a divided city of 200,000 residents about halfway between Raqqa and the Iraq border, have been under siege by extremist fighters for nearly two years.\nThe IS attack, described as the largest assault on Syrian forces in the city in months, came as a large grouping of rebel forces fighting to topple the Damascus government announced support for peace talks brokered by Russia and Turkey. The talks are set to open January 23 in the Kazakh capital, Astana.\nAstana agenda not clear\nThe planned talks are the latest effort to settle the long-running Syrian war, a conflict pitting Sunni rebel groupings against the government of President Bashar al-Assad, his Russian allies and Iran-backed Shi'ite forces.\nFor its part, the Saudi-based rebel High Negotiations Committee described the Astana meeting as a preliminary step expected to pave the way for United Nations-sponsored peace talks set for February 8 in Geneva. The HNC participated in previous rounds of Geneva talks aimed at establishing humanitarian cease-fires in the war-ravaged country.\nHowever, the Astana agenda remained clouded Saturday, and it was not clear which groupings have been invited to attend.\nA top official in the incoming U.S. presidential administration of Donald Trump confirmed Friday that Russia had invited a Trump designee to attend the Astana meeting. However, there has been no formal response to the overture, and it remained unclear Saturday whether the Trump administration would participate.\nPeople collect scattered oranges amidst rubble after an airstrike on a market in rebel-held Maarat Mastrin in Idlib province, Syria, Jan. 14, 2017.\nPeace goals strained\nMeanwhile, fresh fighting Saturday in the Idlib provincial town of Maarat Mastrin, in northwest Syria, killed at least eight people. Monitors said three other civilians, including a child, were killed nearby in government airstrikes on Friday.\nThe province is controlled by a rebel alliance that includes al-Qaida-linked jihadists who are excluded from a truce deal in effect elsewhere in the country since December 30.\nNew fighting was also reported near Damascus in the Wadi Valley, a fertile area that supplies the capital's 5.5 million residents with drinking water.\nDetails were sketchy late Saturday. But monitors said the fighting, aimed at driving opposition fighters from the area, came a day after rebels and government troops reached a deal allowing water access to the city to be restored.\nSyrian Observatory chief Abdel Rahman told the French news agency AFP that government forces and their Lebanese Hezbollah allies had triggered the new fighting with rocket fire. He said the barrage had come during a lull in fighting that has gripped the area since water supplies were contaminated by diesel fuel late last month.\nThe government linked the contamination to rebel sabotage. But the opposition said the contamination began after government airstrikes hit a key water-processing facility north of the capital.\n",
        "caption": "Rebel fighters warm by a fire on the outskirts of the northern Syrian town of al-Bab, Syria, Jan. 14, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/582813CC-BDAF-4DF0-90DA-175348C681C2.jpg",
        "id": "7852_1",
        "answer": [
            "announced support for peace talks brokered by Russia and Turkey",
            "launched a fierce attack on government-held areas"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Rebel fighters",
            "rebel"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_14_3676459",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_14_3676459_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who intimidated the people in the image?",
        "context": "Somalia Leader Declares Country A War Zone, Replaces Chiefs\nMOGADISHU, SOMALIA \u2014\u00a0\nSomalia's new president on Thursday declared the country a war zone and replaced its military and intelligence chiefs while instructing the army to prepare a new offensive against al-Shabab extremists.\nThe shakeup is an attempt to improve the worsening security situation as the al-Qaida-linked al-Shabab steps up deadly bombings in the capital since President Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed was elected in February. A car bomb blast on Wednesday at a Mogadishu restaurant killed at least seven people.\nThe Somali-American president wore a military uniform as he declared the new offensive and offered young extremists a chance to surrender.\n\u201cWe tell the young, brainwashed al-Shabab fighters that they have a 60-days deadline to lay down the arms with which they use to kill their people and come to us,\u201d Mohamed said. \u201cWe shall welcome them with open arms.\u201d\nHe said the government will focus on the security of the capital first, then the rest of the country.\nThe changes come roughly a week after the Trump administration approved greater U.S. military authority to pursue al-Shabab in Somalia, including more aggressive airstrikes as parts of southern Somalia will be considered areas of active hostilities.\nThursday's announcement is seen as an attempt by Mohamed to consolidate power in this long-chaotic horn of Africa nation. He also replaced the country's police chief and Mogadishu's mayor.\nAl-Shabab has denounced the new president as an \u201capostate\u201d and warned Somalis against supporting him. The group has been pushed out of the capital and other major urban areas in Somalia by national and African Union multinational forces, but it continues to carry out deadly bombings and attacks in Mogadishu and elsewhere. Targets have included hotels, military checkpoints and the presidential palace.\nSomalia's security forces are under pressure to improve as they will assume responsibility for defending the country once the 22,000-strong AU force leaves by the end of 2020.\nAl-Shabab is just one of the challenges facing the new government, which despite hundreds of millions of dollars of support from the international community still struggles to expand its authority beyond the capital and other selected areas.\nDrought threatens about half of Somalia's population of 12 million, the United Nations has said, and hijackings of cargo ships off the country's coast in recent weeks have signaled a return to piracy on one of the world's most critical shipping routes. Somalia also is called the world's most corrupt nation by Transparency International.\nMohamed Ahmed Jimale was named the new chief of defense forces of the Somali National Army, replacing Maj. Gen. Mohamed Adan Ahmed. Abdullahi Mohamed Ali was appointed as the national intelligence agency chief, replacing Abdullahi Mohamud Gafow. Ali has held the position in the past. Gen. Abdihakim Said was appointed as police chief, replacing Gen. Mohamed Sheikh Hassan.\n",
        "caption": "Somalis stand next to the bodies of civilians who were killed in a car bomb attack on a restaurant in Mogadishu, April 5, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D8C42923-E9BF-42BF-A7CC-228E2705A587.jpg",
        "id": "16582_1",
        "answer": [
            "Al-Shabab",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Somalis",
            "Somalis "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_06_3798965",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_06_3798965_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What has been occurring in the place in the image?",
        "context": "Singapore Police Arrest Local Female Islamic State Suspect\nSINGAPORE \u2014\u00a0\nPolice in Singapore have detained a preschool assistant who shared pro-Islamic State materials online and intended to travel to Syria, their first arrest of a female Singaporean alleged to be a sympathizer of the radical group, the Home Affairs Ministry said Monday.\nThe ministry issued a statement saying that 22-year-old Syaikhah Izzah Zahrah al-Ansari was arrested earlier this month under the country's Internal Security Act, which allows for indefinite detention without trial. Singaporean authorities have detained 14 male Singaporean suspected Islamic State sympathizers since 2015.\nSingapore's immediate neighbors, Indonesia and Malaysia, have large Muslim populations and hundreds of Islamic State sympathizers are estimated to have traveled to Syria from the two countries to join the group.\nThe statement said Izzah had been \"radicalized in 2013 by online propaganda related to the terrorist group Islamic State of Iraq and Syria'' and in turn posted materials on social media supporting the group. \"Several of her social media platforms were taken down by administrators because of the pro-ISIS content, but she created new ones,\" the ministry said.\nIzzah, who worked at PCF Sparkletots, a chain of government preschools, planned to travel to Syria with her young child and \"was intent on joining\" the Islamic State group, the ministry said. \"She also said that she was prepared to undergo military training and engage in armed combat to defend ISIS, if called upon by the terrorist group to do so.\"\nShe was allegedly looking for a Salafi or Islamic State group supporter \"to marry and settle down with.\" Salafism is a form of Islam that interprets the Quran literally.\nHer parents, both freelance Quranic teachers, and sister were aware of Izzah's plans and tried to stop her, the ministry said. But when Izzah was put under investigation, a family member tried to destroy evidence to \"try to minimize her acts.\"\nA report released by the Ministry of Home Affairs this month said that Singapore's terrorism threat \"remains the highest in recent years.\"\nIt cited two foiled plans. Last August, the terrorist group Katibah Gonggong Rebus, based on the nearby Indonesian island of Batam, attempted to launch a rocket attack on downtown Singapore, the report said. Authorities also stemmed an attack planned by foreign Islamic State group militants last year, it said, but no further details were provided.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - People walk past the skyline of Marina Bay central business district in Singapore, Apr. 26, 2013. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/75B8DC73-4071-4F56-A5B7-064A682B268F.jpg",
        "id": "4441_1",
        "answer": [
            "authorities have detained 14 male Singaporean suspected Islamic State sympathizers"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "singapore"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_12_3896710",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_12_3896710_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person in the image speaking about?",
        "context": "White House Quiet on Report Two Trump Officials are Nunes\u2019 Sources\nThe Trump administration has declined to comment on a report that two White House officials reportedly provided the leader of a congressional investigation with intelligence that showed members of the Trump presidential transition team were caught up in incidental foreign surveillance by U.S. spy agencies.\nThe New York Times newspaper reports the White House \"sources\" are Ezra Cohen-Watnick, a senior director at the National Security Council, and Michael Ellis, an attorney at the White House Counsel's Office.\nWhen asked about the report at his daily media briefing Thursday, presidential spokesman Sean Spicer told reporters, \"We are not going to start commenting on one-off anonymous sources.\"\nHouse Intelligence Committee Chairman Rep. Devin Nunes, R-Calif. is pursued by reporters as he arrives for a weekly meeting of the Republican Conference with House Speaker Paul Ryan and the GOP leadership, March 28, 2017, on Capitol Hill in Washington.\nHouse of Representatives Intelligence Committee Chairman Devin Nunes met a source on White House grounds before making his disclosure about the intelligence reports last week that Donald Trump's transition team was caught up in the incidental surveillance, according to Nunes' spokesman, Jack Langer. Langer said Monday that Nunes wanted \"to have proximity to a secure location where he could view the information provided by the source.\"\nPreviously, Nunes would not say where he met his source, and has not revealed the identity of the source.\nNunes spoke with reporters and the president about the material last week without informing any of the other 21 members of the House Intelligence Committee, angering Democrats on the committee who questioned Nunes' credibility. Nunes later apologized to the committee for not first telling them about the information.\nThe report that White House officials assisted in the disclosure of the intelligence reports is likely to trigger more criticism that Nunes, a former Trump campaign official, has been too willing to assist the Trump administration rather than conduct an objective, independent investigation.\n",
        "caption": "White House press secretary Sean Spicer speaks during the daily press briefing at the White House in Washington, March 30, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/CC1A7982-447F-40E1-B593-2B95DE2C4DB7.jpg",
        "id": "1883_1",
        "answer": [
            "one-off anonymous sources"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Sean Spicer"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_30_3789876",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_30_3789876_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in the image with the robe on do?",
        "context": "Saudi Arabia, China Sign Deals Worth $65 Billion\nBEIJING \u2014\u00a0\nChina and Saudi Arabia Thursday signed memorandums of understanding and letters of intent potentially worth about $65 billion during Saudi King Salman\u2019s visit to Beijing, a senior Chinese diplomat said.\nDeputy Chinese Foreign Minister Zhang Ming said the agreements involved investment, energy, space and other areas, but did not give details. \nThe octogenarian monarch, who has overseen the launch of an ambitious economic reform plan since his accession two years ago, is on a monthlong Asian tour. The visits to countries that are some of world\u2019s fastest growing importers of Saudi oil aim to promote investment opportunities in the kingdom, including the sale of a stake in its giant state firm Saudi Aramco. \nSaudi Arabia has sought to boost oil sales to China, the world\u2019s second-largest oil market, after losing market share to Russia last year, by working mostly with China\u2019s top three state oil firms. \nChinese President Xi Jinping told Salman his visit showed the importance he attached to relations with China. \n\u201cThis visit will push forward and continue to improve the quality of our relations and bear new fruit,\u201d Xi said.\n",
        "caption": "Chinese President Xi Jinping (center left) and Saudi Arabia's King Salman inspect a Chinese guard of honor during a welcome ceremony in Beijing, China, March 16, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/48A1C911-273A-42D8-97A0-5622DFDCF741.jpg",
        "id": "4020_1",
        "answer": [
            "promote investment opportunities in the kingdom"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Saudi"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_16_3768540",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_16_3768540_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What have the people in the image not been able to use?",
        "context": "Rescuers Aid 4,500 Homeless After Deadly Bangladesh Mudslide\nDHAKA \u2014\u00a0\nRescuers recovered the body of a woman from the mass of mud that collapsed onto a village in southeastern Bangladesh, and were searching Thursday for several more missing after landslides killed at least 141, officials said.\nOfficials said the six or so people were still missing in the worst-hit region of Rangamati.\n\u201cWe will continue our search and rescue program today, said Jasim Uddin, a deputy director of the fire department in the worst-hit district. \u201cWe are looking for them.\u201d\nThe government, meanwhile, turned its focus to providing food and other aid to some 4,500 people whose homes were swamped by mud and debris unleashed by the landslides Tuesday.\nFamilies were also receiving cash and materials to help them build new homes.\n\u201cStill, we are alert\u201d for news of more residents missing or in need of rescue, said Shah Kamal, secretary of the Ministry of Disaster Management.\nKamal said soldiers, firefighters and volunteers were still working to restore access to the remote, hilly areas, where roads have collapsed or been blocked by mud. Soldiers erected a portable bridge to reach landslide-stricken communities in Rangamati.\nWith power cut off in the region since Tuesday, information was slow to trickle out.\nVillagers were helping in cutting fallen trees and clearing debris in areas where rescuers have been unable to get heavy machinery.\nOfficials reported 104 dead and at least 5,000 homes destroyed or damaged in Rangamati district, where mostly tribal villagers live in small communities near a lake surrounded by hills.\nAnother 28 were killed in the coastal Chittagong district, six died in Bandarban, two in Cox's Bazar and one in Khagrachhari.\nThe delta nation of Bangladesh is frequently hit by strong storms, flooding and landslides. Experts said this week's tragedy was also the result of uncontrolled denuding and soil harvesting on hills above unplanned settlements.\nMany people in hilly regions ignore authorities' calls to avoid constructing homes on slopes.\n",
        "caption": "Rescuers pull out the dead body of a victim after Tuesday's massive landslide in Rangamati district, Bangladesh, June 14, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/05A4BEA1-20DC-4AD1-8B83-E43B982BF22D.jpg",
        "id": "8321_1",
        "answer": [
            "heavy machinery",
            "roads"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Rescuers",
            "rescuers"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_15_3901390",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_15_3901390_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person standing at the desk in the image do?",
        "context": "Trump Uncharacteristically Quiet on Day of Historic Testimony\nWHITE HOUSE \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. President Donald Trump has uncharacteristically refrained from making comments about Thursday's congressional testimony by the FBI director he fired a month ago.\nThe president, in a speech a few kilometers from the White House and on his favorite social media platform, made no reference to James Comey, who accused Trump of removing him from his job to undermine the FBI's investigation into suspected collusion between Trump's 2016 presidential election campaign team and Russia.\nPresident Donald Trump speaks to a Faith and Freedom conference at the Omni Shoreham Hotel, June 8, 2017, in Washington.\nThe president, during a White House meeting with governors and mayors about infrastructure, ignored shouted questions about Comey during a brief media photo opportunity.\nHours earlier, Trump said \"we're under siege\" when he spoke to the Faith and Freedom Coalition at a Washington hotel. \"We will not back down from doing what is right.\"\nWATCH: Trump speaking to evangelical supporters\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTrump to Evangelicals: We Will Always Support Evangelical Community'\nShare this video\n0:00:33\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:33\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 1.1MB\n360p | 1.3MB\n480p | 6.6MB\nUsing language similar to that in some of his other recent speeches, Trump added, \"We know how to fight and we will never give up.\"\nDirect public comment about Comey's blunt testimony was left to Trump's outside personal counsel and the president's namesake son, who was active on Twitter during the Comey testimony before the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;1/3 Flynn stuff is BS in context 2 guys talking about a guy they both know well. I hear \\\"I hope nothing happens but you have to do your job\\\"\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald Trump Jr. (@DonaldJTrumpJr) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/DonaldJTrumpJr/status/872828184575737861\\\"\\u0026gt;June 8, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;Did I miss something or did Comey just say he asked a friend to leak information to the press? Is this a joke?\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald Trump Jr. (@DonaldJTrumpJr) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/DonaldJTrumpJr/status/872838297713815552\\\"\\u0026gt;June 8, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nNever in form or substance did Trump ask for Comey's loyalty, nor did the president try to impede any federal investigation, lawyer Marc Kasowitz told reporters at the National Press Club.\nThe president's personal attorney zeroed in on the disclosure of purported memos that Kasowitz called \"privileged communications\" with the president that Comey Thursday acknowledged disseminating to the media via a law professor friend to prompt the appointment of a special counsel.\n\"The president feels completely vindicated,\" said Kasowitz, who took no questions from reporters at the Press Club.\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTrump Lawyer: President \u2018Never Suggested\u2019 That Comey \u2018Let Flynn Go\u2019\nShare this video\n0:00:20\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:20\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 994.3kB\n360p | 1.2MB\n480p | 6.6MB\nDuring Comey's testimony, Donald Trump Jr. provided a running commentary on his Twitter feed.\nTrump Jr. said Comey's testimony indicated that his father's words and actions were \"very far from any kind of coercion or influence and certainly not obstruction!\"\nCommenting on Comey's assertion that he interpreted the president's \"I hope\" comment as \"direction\" to end the investigation of former National Security Advisor Michael Flynn, Trump Jr. tweeted the following:\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;3/3 Knowing my father for 39 years when he \\\"orders or tells\\\" you to do something there is no ambiguity, you will know exactly what he means\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald Trump Jr. (@DonaldJTrumpJr) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/DonaldJTrumpJr/status/872828608464773120\\\"\\u0026gt;June 8, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nDuring Thursday's more than two hours of testimony, Comey said the White House \"chose to defame\" him and the FBI by saying that under his leadership the bureau was in disarray.\n\"Those were lies, plain and simple,\" Comey told senators and a global audience watching live on television.\nWhile Comey was testifying, the principal deputy White House press secretary took to the podium and was asked about Comey's comments.\n\"I can definitively say the president is not a liar,\" said Sarah Huckabee Sanders. \"It's frankly insulting that the question would be asked.\"\nAsked how much of the televised Comey testimony Trump may have watched before departing the White House for his mid-day speech, Sanders replied she was unaware of the amount and described it \"as a regular Thursday at the White House.\"\n",
        "caption": "Former FBI Director James Comey is sworn in during a Senate Intelligence Committee hearing on Capitol Hill, June 8, 2017, in Washington",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/20D03B73-4CF2-4613-A483-62EB1E41F3B7.jpg",
        "id": "2012_1",
        "answer": [
            "accused Trump of removing him from his job"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "James Comey"
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        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_08_3892713",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_08_3892713_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the name of the group of the place where the vehicles in the image are sending their cargo?",
        "context": "Egypt Sends Fuel to Power-Starved Gaza, Undercuts Abbas\nGAZA CITY, GAZA STRIP \u2014\u00a0\nEgypt on Wednesday trucked 1 million liters of cheap diesel fuel to the Gaza Strip's sole power plant \u2014 a rare shipment that temporarily eased a crippling electricity crisis in the Hamas-ruled enclave but also appeared to undercut Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas.\nAbbas has been stepping up financial pressure on Gaza in hopes of forcing the militant group Hamas to cede ground in the territory. Hamas seized Gaza from Abbas' forces in 2007.\nThe power plant stopped operating in April after Hamas could no longer afford to buy heavily taxed fuel from Abbas' West Bank-based government, leaving Gazans with just four hours of electricity a day.\nAbbas also asked Israel to reduce the electricity it sends to Gaza, which amounts to about a third of the territory's needs. This electricity, paid for by the Abbas government, has been reduced by one-fourth since Monday, worsening the crunch.\nThe power shortage has cast a pall over the current holy month of Ramadan, when Muslims often end their dawn-to-dusk fasting with lavish family meals. With their homes in the dark and refrigerators not functioning, families have had to scale back the celebrations.\nYousef al-Kayali, a Hamas finance official, said 11 trucks delivered the fuel on Wednesday. He said a second shipment of an additional 1 million liters was expected by Thursday.\nThe fuel will not solve Gaza's electricity woes, however. Israel is now providing just 88 megawatts of power each day, down from 120 megawatts earlier this week. The Egyptian fuel is expected to provide about 50 megawatts of power each day for several days, making up the cut in Israeli supplies.\nIn all, Gaza requires about 400 megawatts to meet its daily needs. The hot weather and Ramadan have increased demand, adding to the shortages.\n\"There will still be troubles, but not the maximum troubles. Re-running the power plant is better than keeping it shut down,\" said Fathi Sheikh Khalil, director of the Hamas-run energy authority.\nIt was not clear whether the Egyptian deliveries were a one-time gesture or would continue.\nEgypt and Hamas have had cool relations since the Egyptian military overthrew former Islamist President Mohammed Morsi in 2013. The new Egyptian government accuses Hamas of cooperating with Islamic militants in Egypt's Sinai desert.\nBut earlier this month, Egypt hosted a delegation of top Hamas officials. The delegation also met Mohammed Dahlan, an exiled Palestinian leader and a rival of Abbas. Those talks led to the fuel shipments.\n\"Our relationship with Egypt is getting better and Egypt showed high understandings of the crisis in Gaza,\" said Khalil al-Hayya, a senior Hamas official. \"We agreed with Dahlan's group on finding solutions to the humanitarian crisis.\"\nDahlan, 53, was a Hamas foe when he led Palestinian Authority forces in Gaza before Hamas routed them in 2007 and took over the seaside strip. But after a falling out with Abbas in 2011, he and Hamas now have a common foe.\nDahlan is interested in making a comeback to the Palestinian politics through Gaza, where he has support among wide slices of Fatah members.\nEgypt is also interested in tempting Hamas to secure the border between Gaza and northern Sinai, where the Egyptian military has been fighting mounting insurgency by Islamic extremists.\nAbbas has been stepping up pressure on Hamas for several months. Earlier this year, he reinstated taxes on diesel shipments for Gaza's power plant. The cash-strapped Hamas authorities were unable to pay for the fuel.\nAbbas also slashed salaries of tens of thousands of former staff in Gaza to further hurt the faltering economy. And then he asked Israel to cut electricity supplies to Gaza by 40 percent.\nWith no other options, Hamas has turned to Dahlan, its longtime enemy.\n\"If we have the money, we would not have gone to Dahlan's people,\" al-Hayya said.\nThe talks between Hamas, Dahlan and Egypt have angered Abbas.\n\"I'm surprised, because they [Egypt] are a member of a coalition that considered Hamas a terrorist movement, and despite that, they had these meetings and agreements,'' Jamal Muheisin, a senior member of Abbas' Fatah party.\n",
        "caption": "Egyptian trucks carrying fuel enter Gaza's power plant in Nusseirat, in the central Gaza Strip, June 21, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/CC2BF07E-8BC0-4D33-A543-9AEBF7EE63E9.jpg",
        "id": "680_1",
        "answer": [
            "Hamas",
            "Gaza"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Gaza Strip",
            "power plant",
            "Egyptian trucks"
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        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_21_3910035",
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    {
        "question": "What is the blonde person in the image going to do?",
        "context": "Trump-Putin Meeting: Closely Watched But Expectations Low\nMOSCOW \u2014\u00a0\nThis first face-to-face meeting between U.S. President Donald Trump and Russian President Vladimir Putin will take place on the sidelines of the G-20 summit in Hamburg. The Kremlin says terrorism, Syria and Ukraine will top its agenda. \nThe White House says Trump will decide what to discuss, calling it a \u201cnormal bilateral meeting.\u201d Trump could raise any topic, analysts say, but Secretary of State Rex Tillerson tipped his hand somewhat with a statement late Wednesday saying the U.S. president will raise the crisis in Syria in his talks with the Kremlin leader.\nWatch: Trump-Putin Meeting: Closely Watched but Expectations Low\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTrump-Putin Meeting: Closely Watched but Expectations Low\nShare this video\n0:02:15\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:15\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 6.5MB\n360p | 9.7MB\n720p | 63.3MB\n1080p | 41.6MB\n\u201cHe may decide he wants to push the meeting in some unexpected direction,\" says the Council on Foreign Relations\u2019 Stephen Sestanovich. \"And, we have to be prepared for this. This is a little bit his style.\u201d\nHowever, ongoing investigations into the Trump campaign\u2019s alleged collusion with Russia are casting a shadow over administration hopes the meeting could lead to improved relations.\n\u201cEverything that happens between Trump and Putin is going to be seen in that context,\u201d says the Hudson Institute\u2019s Hannah Thoburn. \u201cWas Trump too friendly? Was Trump actually trying to seem very tough on Russia in order to quiet down his critics back at home? I think those are a lot of questions that we will see the answers to shortly.\u201d\nConcessions unlikely\nThe Russian diplomatic property in the U.S. that the Barack Obama administration seized could be on the table. The Kremlin is threatening retaliation if the property is not returned. Obama ordered the seizure in response to evidence of Russian meddling in last year's election.\nFILE - A fence encloses an estate until recently used by Russian diplomats in Upper Brookville, New York, Dec. 30, 2016. The administration of then president Barack Obama closed the compound in late 2016 in retaliation for what it said was Russia's meddling in the U.S. presidential election.\nBut Trump offering major concessions is unlikely, says Thoburn. \n\u201cI think it\u2019s going to be very difficult, particularly for President Trump, to give much,\" she said. \"To say, \u2018well, we\u2019re going to take these particular sanctions away\u2019 it\u2019s going to be very difficult because of the position he\u2019s in here domestically.\u201d\nEven fewer expect Trump to raise the issue of Russian hacking that U.S. intelligence says was aimed at helping him get elected. \n\u201cAmerica expects from Trump a tough dialogue with Putin dealing with Russia\u2019s alleged interference into the elections in America. But I think that Trump will be quite embarrassed to raise this issue,\u201d says the Carnegie Moscow Center\u2019s Andrei Kolesnikov. \u201cPutin, naturally, won\u2019t touch on this issue. So, it will just fall out from the agenda.\u201d\nWATCH: Andrei Kolesnikov on Trump-Putin meeting\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTrump-Putin Meeting: Closely Watched But Expectations Low\nShare this video\n0:00:51\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:51\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 2.3MB\n360p | 3.9MB\n720p | 19.5MB\n1080p | 13.6MB\nOn the streets of Moscow, Russians hope the meeting means relations will get better after some rough years. \n\u201cSomeone should realize that if we do not collaborate together, we do not progress,\u201d says a Muscovite who only gave his first name - Konstantin. \nU.S.-Russia relations took a nose dive over the Kremlin\u2019s 2014 annexation of Ukraine\u2019s Crimea and military support for pro-Russia separatists in eastern Ukraine. \nThe Kremlin hoped for a U-turn with the election of Trump, who praised Putin during his campaign and expressed a strong desire to work with Russia on Syria.\nFILE - U.S. cruise missiles are launched from the guided-missile destroyer USS Porter from the Mediterranean Sea, April 7, 2017, targeting an air base in Syria in retaliation for an chemical attack allegedly perpetrated by the Syrian regime. Observers say President Donald Trump should use his upcoming meeting with Russian President Vladimir Putin to draw clear lines on Syria and Ukraine.\n'Toxic' Russia\nBut allegations of Russian hacking and Trump campaign collusion mean any new U.S.-Russia cooperation is subject to intense scrutiny. \n\u201cRussia has become toxic. You can't mention that you ate Russian blinis in Washington without being put on the FBI watch list,\u201d says Konstantin von Eggert, a political commentator for Russia\u2019s independent TV Dozhd. \u201cAnd to some extent we have a paradoxical situation in which Russian leadership can't really talk to American leadership because every single step the Americans take is reviewed under a microscope by the democratic opposition, by the media, and - and let's face it, by serious elements of the state bureaucracy. It's a situation of \u2018be careful what you wish for.\u2019\u201d\nSome analysts say any steps toward cooperation would likely be limited to rhetoric. \n\u201cWe see currently neither a concrete agenda, nor concrete goals for both leaders, nor even the willpower to implement these goals,\u201d says Kolesnikov. \u201cPutin seems to wait for some steps from Trump, while Trump is unable to cope with his own problems inside America. He does not know how to shape his attitude to Putin. No objective, no willpower, no progress.\u201d\nTrump needs to be firm on support for Ukraine and on the conflict in Syria, says Thoburn, as the Kremlin tries to take ground when it sees weakness. \u201cSo, I would advise the president to go in with a strong sense of what he wants in Syria, what are the red lines, what actions will not be tolerated by the United States.\u201d \nTrump sent a strong signal when U.S. cruise missiles targeted the Syrian air force over alleged use of chemical weapons, adds Thoburn. \nRegardless of the outcome, the bilateral meeting is a win for the Kremlin, Kolesnikov says. If it goes badly, Russia will blame the U.S. If it goes well, Putin will take the credit.\nOther than tweets by the U.S. president, observers will be watching visual cues between the two men. Much attention has focused on Trump\u2019s handshake and how other leaders respond to it. Both the U.S. and Russian presidents are known for projecting a physically strong image, says Sestanovich. But he notes that Putin at 170 centimeters (5 feet 7 inches) is quite a bit shorter than Trump\u2019s 188 centimeters (6 feet 2 inches). \n\u201cHere\u2019s one thing I would suggest people watch for - how uncomfortable is Putin being much smaller than Trump? Putin has been more comfortable with shorter American leaders, more uncomfortable with tall ones.\u201d\nJessie Oni, Elizabeth Cherneff, Olga Pavlova and Charles Maynes contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "A combination photo shows Russian President Vladimir Putin (L) at news conference at the Kremlin in Moscow, Russia, Jan. 17, 2017 and U.S. President Donald Trump at a reception in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 20, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F19DC00C-90D4-4609-9649-7E1DC0B8F831.jpg",
        "id": "15413_1",
        "answer": [
            "raise the crisis in Syria in his talks with the Kremlin leader",
            "decide what to discuss",
            "raise the crisis in Syria in his talks with the Kremlin leader."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "The White House says Trump will decide what to discuss, calling it a \u201cnormal bilateral meeting.\u201d Trump could raise any topic, analysts say, but Secretary of State Rex Tillerson tipped his hand somewhat with a statement late Wednesday saying the U.S. president will raise the crisis in Syria in his talks with the Kremlin leader.",
            "Donald Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_05_3929882",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_05_3929882_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What person criticized the treatment of people such as those from the image?",
        "context": "African Countries Work to Improve Care of IDPs\nHARARE \u2014\u00a0\nA Red Cross report says African countries are failing their internally displaced people. Reversing that trend was the subject of a high level meeting of the International Red Cross and the African Union that wrapped up Tuesday in Zimbabwe.\nAfrica has about 13 million internally displaced people, a third of the global number of IDPs, and more than double the amount of refugees on the continent.\nBy definition, refugees flee across a national border, while IDPs leave their homes but stay within their own country.\nAfrican Union Commission head of humanitarian affairs, refugees and displaced people Olabisi Dare says the situation of IDPs in Africa is very critical, dire and worsening.\n\"...The issues that are generating internal displacement [are] multiplying and deepening by the day. One of the key things is that some of the situations are protracted situations. We are talking about displacements in countries like Sudan, Somalia, Democratic Republic [of Congo]. For some time, as a result of dwindling conflicts, the numbers went down. But it went up again because of new situations. Here we are talking about Boko Haram situation, the Sahel situation and the Malian situation,\u201d he says.\nDare spoke to VOA on the sidelines of this week\u2019s meeting in Zimbabwe to look at how African nations can better implement the Kampala Convention.\nCreated in 2009, the A.U. convention binds governments to protect the rights and wellbeing of IDPs forced to flee their homes because of conflict, violence, disasters and human rights abuses. Just 25 of the 55 AU member states have signed and ratified the convention. Some other countries, like Kenya, that are not signatories, have their own IDP laws.\nBut in a report this week, the International Committee of the Red Cross says African countries are coming up short on those commitments.\nThe ICRC presented 25 recommendations for improvements, including dialogue with IDP communities to ensure their meaningful participation in elections and other decision making.\nCRC global IDP advisor Angela Cotroneo played a key role in the recent research and consultation with the African Union.\n\u201cInternally displaced persons in situations of armed conflicts are the most vulnerable civilians. The ICRC is present in Africa and we work on behalf of persons affected by armed conflicts and other violence and we experience every day, they are difficult, situations of IDPs. Very often, they lack access to essential services such as health care, education, employment. Sometimes, they continue to be concerned about their safety and security,\u201d Cotroneo says.\nShe said governments need to seek out input from vulnerable groups to ensure their needs are met.\nThe experts agree African countries must also address the root causes of internal displacement, which in most cases is armed conflict.\n",
        "caption": "Somalis displaced by the drought, arrive at makeshift camps in the Tabelaha area on the outskirts of Mogadishu, Somalia, March 30, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/CCC52A02-D6FD-48FD-98D7-1ACC29A64C9C.jpg",
        "id": "7178_1",
        "answer": [
            "Olabisi Dare"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Somalis",
            "displaced"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_04_3795818",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_04_3795818_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person with the striped tie in the image meet?",
        "context": "Concerns Over N. Korea, China Influence Shadow ASEAN FM Meeting \nBANGKOK \u2014\u00a0\nA meeting of foreign ministers from the 10 member Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) with the U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson this week comes amid ongoing tensions on the Korean peninsular as well as concerns over China\u2019s growing influence in Southeast Asia.\nThe meeting is officially geared towards planning regional summits in November, which U.S. President Trump is committed to attend.\nU.S. officials said the ASEAN foreign ministers had been calling for the meeting as part of regional efforts to engage with the new administration.\nSecretary of State Tillerson earlier said the ministers were expected to discuss trade, territorial claims in the South China Sea, trafficking, crime and other issues.\nFILE - US Secretary of State Rex Tillerson arrives to meet Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov prior to their talks in Moscow, Russia, April 12, 2017.\nThe meeting in Washington follows U.S. Vice President Mike Pence\u2019s recent visit to the Asia Pacific, including Indonesia.\nDuring the visit, Pence said Washington was \u201ctaking steps to strengthen our partnership with ASEAN and deepen our friendship,\u201d aiming to strengthen economic ties and security cooperation in combating terrorism and the disputes over the South China Sea.\nFILE - U.S. Vice President Mike Pence (left) talks with Indonesian President Joko Widodo during their meeting at Merdeka Palace in Jakarta, Indonesia, April 20, 2017. Pence is on a 10-day trip in Asia.\nAnalysts told VOA ASEAN states have been urging talks with the U.S. since the administration took power in January.\nMedia commentaries said the administration\u2019s \u201cAmerica First\u201d rhetoric and the U.S. withdrawal from President Barack Obama administration\u2019s Trans Pacific Partnership (TPP) had unnerved ASEAN leaders.\nThe ASEAN region has built its economic prosperity on trade with the U.S., currently valued at $225 billion a year. But moves towards growing trade protectionism, raised by United Nations economists this week, has led to fears of a wider impact on the region\u2019s growth.\nFILE - A man works at a yarn weaving plant in Ha Nam province, outside Hanoi, Vietnam, Oct. 7, 2015.\nThe demise of the TPP has opened further opportunities for China, now the region\u2019s main trading partner, to expand its influence through Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP). The grouping, besides ASEAN states, includes Australia, India, Japan, South Korea and New Zealand.\nThitinan Pongsudhirak, director of Chulalongkorn University\u2019s Institute of Security and International Studies (ISIS), said by rebuilding ties with Southeast Asia, the U.S. is acknowledging it has lost ground to China.\n\u201cIt\u2019s a clear indication that the Trump administration wants to revive these bilateral alliances and to work with partners like Singapore and others in the region in order to elevate its position in the region, in order to regain some ground vis-a-vis China,\u201d Thitinan told VOA.\nPresident Trump earlier this week called on the Prime Minister of Singapore, Lee Hsein Long, Philippines\u2019 President Rodrigo Duterte, and Thai Prime Minister, Prayut Chan-o-cha with a personal invitation to the White House.\nFILE - Philippines President Rodrigo Duterte gestures while addressing the media following the conclusion of the 30th ASEAN Leaders' Summit in Manila, Philippines, April 29, 2017.\nAnalysts say the calls followed an ASEAN leader\u2019s summit statement that downplayed the issue of China taking a larger security presence in the South China Sea through the construction of infrastructure on disputed islands.\nThitinan said the ASEAN final statement marked a diplomatic victory for China.\n\u201cSo China has basically got what it wanted and China now has the upper hand \u2014 it has a number of cards it can play.\u201d\n\u201cThe U.S. is nowhere to be seen, so Tillerson and now Donald Trump \u2014 the U.S. government is picking up its game a little bit and for ASEAN this is something that they have been looking for,\u201d he said.\nAnalysts say the Washington meeting is also seen as offering a key opportunity to discuss ASEAN\u2019s concerns over the tensions on the Korean Peninsula.\nFILE - A submarine-launched ballistic missile is displayed in Kim Il Sung Square during a military parade, April 15, 2017, in Pyongyang, North Korea to celebrate the 105th birth anniversary of Kim Il Sung, the country's late founder.\nThe Philippines' Duterte, at the end of the leaders\u2019 meeting, called on the U.S. to show restraint in its diplomatic standoff with North Korea over Pyongyang\u2019s nuclear weapons and missiles program.\nPhil Robertson, deputy Asia director for the U.S.-based Human Rights Watch, said the U.S. president\u2019s calls to Thailand, the Philippines and Singapore marked a return to U.S. regional security policy seen during the Cold War era.\n\u201cWhat is quite clear is this, when you reach out to Singapore, the Philippines and Thailand, all at the same time on the same day, you are basically calling the old stalwarts \u2014 the key parts of the U.S. security presence in the Asia \u2014 Pacific region,\u201d Robertson told VOA.\n James Chin, director of the Asia Institute at the University of Tasmania, said other elements in the ASEAN foreign ministers meeting are hopes by the U.S. to boost regional backing in any security strategy to deal with North Korea.\n\u201cIt\u2019s all got to do with North Korea and China. At the present moment it\u2019s got more to do with North Korea. It\u2019s all about building a coalition. I suspect that they are in the process of confronting North Korea, regardless of what China is doing, so they [are trying] to put together some sort of coalition,\u201d Chin said.\nAnalysts say ASEAN, which is divided in support between China and the U.S., is expected to be unified given the U.S. and China are cooperating to ease tensions on the Korean Peninsula.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - U.S. Vice President Mike Pence (left) talks with Indonesian President Joko Widodo during their meeting at Merdeka Palace in Jakarta, Indonesia, April 20, 2017. Pence is on a 10-day trip in Asia.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/84B8F96B-6D33-4351-B2D6-33405D734655.jpg",
        "id": "10317_3",
        "answer": [
            "strengthen economic ties and security cooperation in combating terrorism and the disputes over the South China Sea",
            "strengthen our partnership with ASEAN and deepen our friendship",
            "to strengthen economic ties and security cooperation"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Mike Pence",
            "Pence"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_03_3835761",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_03_3835761_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "Why is the animal in the image endangered?",
        "context": "Border Wall Would Doom Ocelots, Other Wildlife\nRIO GRANDE VALLEY, TEXAS \u2014\u00a0\nStrolling through campus at the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley (UTRGV), you will notice a vivid black-and-yellow sign: \u201cDrive slowly. Ocelots.\u201d\nDon\u2019t be fooled. You are unlikely to see an ocelot anywhere on campus or anywhere else in the country. While the striped-and-spotted wild cat was a former school mascot, it is also a federal endangered species. Biologists have estimated there are fewer than 50 remaining in the U.S., almost all of them in Texas.\nBuild a wall along the border with Mexico, and that number is likely to decrease further because the pool of U.S. ocelots has shrunk to the point where the elusive, territorial animals \u2014 ocelots range up to 90 square km \u2014 are inbreeding, weakening a population that is already suffering from loss of habitat.\nFILE - An Ocelot cat display is seen at the Santa Ana Wildlife Refuge visitor center near Alamo, Texas, May 9, 2007.\nOcelots\u2019 best hope\nThe U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service\u2019s (FWS) best hope to save the ocelot is to connect the waning population in Texas to a larger one in Mexico \u201cto provide a migratory corridor and expand the gene pool,\u201d FWS writes on its website.\nBut the ocelot\u2019s needs are at odds with imperatives to secure the border. \n\u201cThe [Bush-era] wall went up; it further fragmented (ocelot) habit,\u201d said Scott Nicol, co-chair of the Sierra Club Borderlands. \u201cMore walls go up, they will chop through their habitat yet again \u2026 making it even less likely that they are going to survive.\u201d\nWatch: Environmentalists Worry Trump\u2019s Wall Will Spell Doom for Border Wildlife\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nEnvironmentalists Worry Trump\u2019s Wall Will Spell Doom for Border Wildlife\nShare this video\n0:01:53\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:53\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 5.5MB\n360p | 9.2MB\n720p | 55.6MB\n1080p | 37.2MB\nTime running out\nIn a recent planning document, the Department of Homeland Security named the Rio Grande Valley a high priority area for President Donald Trump\u2019s border wall, because of the high rate of undocumented immigrants entering the U.S. here.\nIt is also a high priority for conservationists. Only 5 percent of the native habitat remains along the lower Rio Grande, yet FWS says it is home to 1,200 species of native plants, 700 species of vertebrates (including nearly 500 bird species), and 300 species of butterflies.\nA wall would be devastating to many of them. \nThis is a sample of the wildlife that would be affected by the border wall proposed by US President Donald Trump.\n\u201cThis is the coup de gr\u00e2ce,\u201d said Dr. Alejandro Fierro, a restoration ecologist and assistant professor at UTRGV. A barrier, he said, could lead to the local population extinction of several species, including the ocelot.\nFierro and Nicol say it\u2019s not just the larger animals that are impacted by barriers, in any forms. An array of plants, birds and ground-dwelling insects, some endangered, could be further impacted if Trump\u2019s wall is built, and especially if it\u2019s made of concrete.\n\u201cA concrete barrier would be far worse than a bollard wall,\u201d Nicol said. Seed-dispersers, such as javelinas \u2014 also known as skunk pigs \u2014 \u201cmay eat the fruit of a prickly pear cactus, and they can no longer make it into a chunk of territory and then poop those seeds out. The plant is now being stopped, in the same way that an animal is being stopped.\u201d\n\u2018All it takes is a hurricane\u2019\nNicol walks along a section of the current barrier that separates two popular eco-tourist destinations, the World Birding Center and the Lower Rio Grande Valley National Wildlife Refuge. The fence is north of the actual border because of its location on a flood plain.\nThe area, he said, is susceptible to flooding, which is why a 32-kilometer portion of the valley\u2019s barrier also serves as a levee, protecting nearby residential areas during tropical storms or hurricanes. But unlike the sloped levee of years past, Nicol said this one has had deadly consequences for smaller terrestrial animals, including the endangered Texas tortoise.\n\u201cIf you are any kind of terrestrial animal, you\u2019d just go up and over the levee and then you were on dry land,\u201d Nicol said. \u201cIf there is a [vertical] concrete slab in your way, you can't do that anymore. That terrain is underwater for two to three or more months. You\u2019ve got no hope.\u201d\nMayor Joel Villarreal of Rio Grande City, one of few remaining border towns in the Rio Grande Valley without a barrier, is not convinced that a new wall itself could withstand the worst of South Texas hurricanes, at least not near his town.\nOne of the key questions engineers must ask, he said, is whether the geography could allow a wall in the first place.\n\u201cIn 2011, we had a flood that affected the lives of many individuals,\u201d Villarreal told VOA. \u201cIf we would have had the wall at that point, I don\u2019t think [it] would have survived that flood.\u201d For a river to change its trajectory, he added, \u201call it takes is a hurricane.\u201d\nWith or without a wall, withstanding a storm becomes a matter of preparedness for the town\u2019s people. But for many other species, the wall itself would be a barrier to survival.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - An Ocelot cat display is seen at the Santa Ana Wildlife Refuge visitor center near Alamo, Texas, May 9, 2007.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/84EE1BDF-736F-4260-B917-4756A8BB03B1.jpg",
        "id": "4553_2",
        "answer": [
            "Build a wall along the border with Mexico",
            "inbreeding"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Ocelot"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_12_3848977",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_12_3848977_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What conflict led to the damage in the image?",
        "context": "No Breakthrough Expected as Syrian Peace Talks Resume\nGENEVA \u2014\u00a0\nThe U.N.'s special envoy for Syria met Thursday with a Syrian government delegation and envoys for the opposition in Geneva, as he launched the latest effort to find an end to the country's nearly six-year civil war.\nStaffan de Mistura told diplomats from regional and world powers, including the U.S. and Russia, \"we are launching a window of opportunity\" to determine if a political \"road forward\" can be found.\n\"The Syrian people all want an end to this conflict and you all know it,\" he added. \"They are waiting for relief of their own suffering, and the dream of a new road out of this nightmare to a real and normal future in dignity.\"\nDe Mistura's comments come a day after he said he does not see any imminent breakthrough on the horizon, but that there was a \"political momentum\" to move forward on a peace plan.\nSyria\u2019s warring parties last met in Geneva nearly nine months ago. That round of talks broke down because of repeated violations of a cease-fire agreement.\nDe Mistura acknowledged that the successful resumption of the failed negotiations hinged largely on the warring parties abiding by the current cease-fire. \nHe said Russia, which had worked out the agreement with Turkey in Astana, the capital of Kazakhstan, was using its influence to see that the fragile cease-fire held.\n\u201cToday, the Russian Federation after the cease-fire task force did announce to everyone and every country present and to myself that they have formally requested the government of Syria to silence their own skies in the areas attached by the cease-fire during the intra-Syrian talks,\" he said Wednesday.\nDe Mistura added that he has asked other countries with influence on the opposition parties to have them stick to the cease-fire and not provoke the other side.\nStaffan de Mistura, U.N. Special Envoy for Syria, speaks on the last day of the Munich Security Conference in Munich, Germany, Feb.19, 2017.\n\u201cThey do not have airplanes but they can do something similar in terms of reducing any type of provocation on any side to give a better chance to the intra-Syrian talks not to be affected by breakdowns.\u201d\nThe U.N. envoy warned that there were, what he called \u201cspoilers,\u201d who would try to provoke one side or the other to walk out of the talks or to refuse to talk. \n\u201cWe will try to control it,\u201d he said. \u201cIt is time to talk and fight on the table, through the table, but not in the field.\u201d\nSince beginning in March 2011, Syria\u2019s civil war has killed around 400,000 people, displaced more than six million inside Syria, half of them children and prompted nearly five million to flee as refugees into neighboring countries. An estimated 13.5 million people need humanitarian assistance.\nDe Mistura said the more inclusive the talks, the better the chance of success. The envoy noted that he was unable to get the assent of the parties to include women, who make up 52 percent of the Syrian population, in the talks.\nTherefore, he said, he has established a Syrian Women\u2019s Advisory Board to participate in the talks in a consultative capacity.\n\u201cThe first meeting of today was with a group of seven women - Syrian women,\u201d he said. \u201cAll of them united by one fact - they\u2019re being either detainees or tortured or abducted. Or they have their mothers, daughters or wives of detainees or abducted people.\"\n\u201cDetainees are those by the government - thousands - and abducted are those by the opposition,\u201d he said. \u201cWe should never forget the suffering of so many Syrians on one side and the other too during this conflict.\u201d\nDe Mistura said he was not sure what role the United States would play in the negotiations, but understood that the new Trump administration needed time to devise a new strategy. \n\u201dThey have announced that they want to revisit their strategy regarding the fight against Daesh, IS, and that by implication what they are doing in Iraq and in Syria\u2026So, I would say let us wait for that,\u201d said de Mistura, using acronyms for Islamic State.\nHe noted, however, that the U.S. official who had attended previous intra-Syrian talks also would be present at this round. \u201cSo, I am convinced that they will be very supportive with whatever we try to do.\u201d\nThe U.N. envoy said he would begin with a series of bilateral talks to discuss how to proceed with the negotiations. \nIn previous rounds, the parties held indirect talks, with de Mistura shuttling from one delegation to the other. It is not clear if this system will continue or if the delegations will agree to meet face-to-face.\nDe Mistura said the agenda will focus on three items: the establishment of a credible, inclusive and non-sectarian governance, the drafting of a new constitution, and free and fair elections under U.N. supervision. \nThe envoy said he will not agree to any preconditions and fully expected the talks to be serious and substantive. \n\u201cAm I expecting a breakthrough? No, I\u2019m not expecting a breakthrough. But, I am expecting and determined for keeping a very proactive momentum,\u201d he said.\n\u201cWe have to\u2026outpace those few but clear spoilers with the momentum on the political track, and I think we can aim at that.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "A man inspects a damaged house after an airstrike on al-Yadouda village, in Deraa Governorate, Syria, Feb. 15, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/3D2B6CA7-2917-4EC8-AC1B-AB285440C5EA.jpg",
        "id": "4491_1",
        "answer": [
            "civil war",
            "Syria\u2019s civil war"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Syria"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_23_3736596",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_23_3736596_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What happened to the person on the left of the image?",
        "context": "Poll: Unprecedented 43% of French Voters Hesitating About Candidate\nPARIS \u2014\u00a0\nA month before the first round of France\u2019s presidential election, 43 percent of voters are hesitant about who to vote for, a poll said Friday, underlining the uncertainty surrounding the volatile election campaign.\nOpinion polls show independent centrist Emmanuel Macron and far-right leader Marine Le Pen likely to lead in the first round of the election April 23 and that these two candidates would go through to a May 7 run-off that Macron would win easily.\nUnprecedented uncertainty\nBut an opinion poll by Odoxa for franceinfo radio found that 43 percent of voters were still hesitating between several candidates, which it said reflected an \u201cuncertainty unprecedented in (French) electoral history.\u201d\n\u201cThe level of voter indecision about the candidates is completely exceptional,\u201d Odoxa said.\nInvestors have been jittery about the possibility of Le Pen, leader of the anti-European Union, anti-immigration National Front, winning the election and taking France out of the euro.\nOn the right, more sure\nThe poll found that potential voters for right-wing candidates \u2014 Le Pen and conservative Francois Fillon \u2014 were more settled in their choices than potential voters for Macron and the leading left-wing candidates, Benoit Hamon of the ruling Socialist Party and far-left firebrand Jean-Luc Melenchon.\nSixty percent of Le Pen\u2019s potential voters and 57 percent of Fillon\u2019s had definitely decided on their candidate compared with 47 percent for Macron, 44 percent for Melenchon and 40 percent for Hamon, the poll found.\nFillon slipped in polls\nFillon, once the front runner, has slipped in the polls since media reports in late January that he had paid his wife, Penelope, and two children hundreds of thousands of euros of public funds for work they may not have carried out.\nFillon accused President Francois Hollande in a television interview on Thursday of being involved in what he alleges is a government plot to spread damaging media leaks about his affairs to destroy his chances of being elected. \n",
        "caption": "From left to right, Conservative presidential candidate Francois Fillon, Independent centrist presidential candidate for the presidential election Emmanuel Macron, Far-left presidential candidate for the presidential election Jean-Luc Melenchon, Far-right presidential candidate for the presidential election Marine Le Pen and Socialist candidate for the presidential election Benoit Hamon pose for a group photo prior to a television debate at French TV station TF1 in Aubervilliers, outside Paris, France, March 20, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/1F8F0AF0-79E1-4863-8838-4D1213C2FE0D.jpg",
        "id": "15694_1",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "slipped in the polls since media reports in late January that he had paid his wife, Penelope, and two children hundreds of thousands of euros of public funds for work they may not have carried out",
            "slipped in the polls"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Fillon",
            "Francois Fillon"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_24_3780014",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_24_3780014_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where do most people like those in the image come from?",
        "context": "Upbeat Outlook for ASEAN Tourism Growth\nBANGKOK \u2014\u00a0\nAsia\u2019s booming tourism industry, a key force driving the region\u2019s economies, has triggered calls for governments to boost investments in vital infrastructure to ensure the industry remains sustainable.\nAndrew Herdman, director general of the Association of Asia Pacific Airlines (AAPA), said Asia\u2019s economic growth and rising local incomes had supported robust growth. But Herdman said the industry faces challenges in meeting capacity with additional infrastructure. \n\u201cThe challenges are whether the infrastructure keeps up \u2013 and by infrastructure we mean airports, runaways, terminals, slot capacity, and air navigation \u2013 we\u2019ve got congested airspace and there are some challenges around the region \u2013 it\u2019s a global problem,\u201d Herdman told VOA. \nThe World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC) says the industry employed 66.6 million people in the Asia Pacific region in 2016, adding $3.65 billion to the region\u2019s economies. By 2026, the WTTC says jobs directly linked to tourism are set to reach 81.7 million. \nWTTC President and CEO David Scowsill, recently called on Southeast Asian governments to ensure they have the infrastructure in place to cater to future demand from the region and China. \nTourist arrivals in Southeast Asia have leapfrogged in recent years to over 100 million, well ahead of the 74 million in 2010, with almost half from within the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN). \nA rising regional middle class, thanks to economic prosperity, is set to reach 400 million by 2020 from 190 million in 2012. \nFILE - Motorists pass by a stretch of a metro railway project being constructed in Hanoi, Vietnam.\nVietnam\nIn Vietnam, tourism growth led the government to announce a major expansion of its Tan Son Nhat International airport in Ho Chi Minh City to cope with passenger growth. The airport\u2019s capacity, currently at 23 million passengers a year, is to be doubled under present plans with an additional runway, two terminals and extra aircraft aprons.\n\u201cTan Son Nhat needs to be upgraded to handle between 40 and 50 million passengers each year,\u201d Deputy Prime Minister, Trinh Dinh Dung, told Vietnam News Agency (VNA). \nInitial extension work is due to begin this year to boost capacity to 38 million passengers by 2019. In 2016, Vietnam marked a 25 percent increase in international arrivals to 10 million, as well as serving 62 million domestic tourists, with total tourism revenue reaching $18 billion.\nLaurent Kuenzle, chief executive officer of travel company Asian Trails, said the airport expansion in Ho Chi Minh City highlights Vietnam\u2019s leading role in regional tourism. \n\u201cVietnam is growing very fast. Infrastructure is improving everywhere, and new hotels are coming up everywhere. New tourist destinations are opening up \u2013 domestic airports become international airports, - they make them bigger. So Vietnam is definitely heading Indochina in the development that is happening,\u201d Kuenzle told VOA. \nFILE - A view of Cambodia's famous Angkor Wat temple is seen during sunrise in Siem Reap.\nCambodia and Myanmar\nThe fast growth has also been evident in Cambodia and Myanmar. \nCambodia recorded five million tourist arrivals in 2016, with 900,000 Chinese arrivals \u2013 a rise of 20 percent from the year earlier. Cambodia\u2019s Tourism Minister Thong Khon, told the Khmer Times, the outlook is to reach 7.0 million arrivals by 2020. \nIn Myanmar, political progress in recent years has spurred visitor arrivals and more investment into hotel and tourism capacity. \nKuenzle says after \u201ca tough year\u201d in 2016 with hotel room rates rising and room shortages, times have changed. \n\u201cGoing into this high season it has changed and there\u2019s more capacity, more small hotels have opened up. So I don\u2019t think we\u2019re going to face a capacity problem like the last two seasons this year,\u201d he said. \nFILE - Foreign and Thai revelers dance amid foam during a foam party as part of the annual Songkran celebration, the Thai traditional New Year also known as the water festival in Bangkok, Thailand.\nThailand \nIn Thailand, the WTTC has forecast travel and tourism industry\u2019s contribution to national output (GDP), based on a growth of 4.0 percent, to around $83 billion, or 21 per cent of total GDP, and accounting for almost six million jobs. \nA crackdown on low cost package tours in Thailand that lure Chinese travelers to pay for high priced souvenirs and other services, have led to a sharp decline in arrivals, especially over the upcoming Lunar New Year. Chinese visitors account for around eight million of Thailand\u2019s overall visitor number of 30 million tourists. \nBut Phidel Vineles, a senior analyst at Singapore\u2019s S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies at the Nanyang Technological University, in a recent commentary, said for ASEAN to see further growth in tourism the region needs to invest in sustainable tourism infrastructure and implement a policy of easier access to travel visas. \nHowever, the overall upbeat outlook is set to be featured at this week\u2019s ASEAN Tourism Forum (ATF) in Singapore, with a campaign to attract more than 120 million visitor arrivals to the region by the end of 2017, up from 109 million in 2015.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A Chinese tourist strikes a similar pose to statues as they visit the Grand Palace in Bangkok.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F95CD2F2-B25C-47BB-ADC3-A8C661953A36.jpg",
        "id": "3187_1",
        "answer": [
            "from within the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN)"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Tourist"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_16_3677824",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_16_3677824_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What happened to the person on the photo in the image?",
        "context": "Jury in Minnesota Acquits Police Officer in Fatal Shooting\nA jury in the U.S. state of Minnesota has acquitted a police officer who fatally shot a black motorist during a traffic stop, a verdict that brought cries of dismay from the dead man's family and supporters in the courtroom.\nSt. Anthony, the small city that employed Jeronimo Yanez as a policeman dismissed him immediately after he was found not guilty of second-degree manslaughter.\n\"The public will be best served if Officer Yanez is no longer a police officer in our city,\" a statement on the city's website said.\nYanez, 29, has not been on active duty since the shooting last July.\nFILE - This photo provided by the Ramsey County Sheriff's Office shows Jeronimo Yanez, Nov. 17, 2016. Yanez, now a former police officer, was found not guilty of manslaughter Friday in the shooting death last July of a black motorist.\nStreamed live\nMuch of the incident in which Philando Castile, 32, was shot in his car was streamed live on social media. Castile's girlfriend, sitting beside him as Yanez fired seven shots, said she recorded video of the scene because she feared that she and her 4-year-old daughter, in the car's rear seat, were in danger.\nThe girlfriend, Diamond Reynolds, said on the video and testified in court that Castile had been reaching for his driver's license to comply with the policeman's order.\nYanez said he acted because he feared for his life and thought Castile was reaching for a gun. The dead man had told the policeman he had a gun elsewhere in the car. The last words he spoke before dying were, \"I wasn't reaching for it.\"\nQuestioned by his attorney during the trial, Yanez said: \"I was scared to death. I thought I was going to die. I had no other choice.\"\nProsecutors in St. Paul, Minnesota, said recordings from the car \u2014 both from Reynolds' phone and from a dashboard camera \u2014 showed that Castile was courteous and nonthreatening, and they told the court there was no justification for Yanez's action.\nMoans of dismay and weeping swept through the courtroom after the verdict was announced. Court officers hustled Yanez and the jurors out of the room.\n'Mad as hell'\nThe dead man's mother, Valerie Castile, speaking to reporters outside the court afterward, said: \"I'm mad as hell right now. Yes, I am. My firstborn son died. ... Just because he [Yanez] was a police officer, that makes it OK.\"\nFILE - A memorial including a photo of Philando Castile adorns the gate to the governor's residence, July 25, 2016, where protesters demonstrated in St. Paul, Minn., against the July 6 shooting death of Castile by Police Officer Jeronimo Yanez.\nYanez, who is Latino, testified he stopped Castile in Falcon Heights, a St. Paul suburb, because he thought Castile resembled someone who had robbed a nearby store several days earlier. Castile's family said he was profiled because of his race, African-American.\nCircumstances of the shooting led to weeks of protests last year in St. Paul and the adjoining city of Minneapolis, and fueled a national debate about the appropriate use of force by police against racial minorities.\nA small group of protesters gathered outside the courtroom late Friday, and a rally was planned later in the evening at the state Capitol in St. Paul. The city's mayor, Chris Coleman, ordered community centers to remain open for public discussions, and he appealed for calm.\n\"As people across our city, country and country react to the jury's verdict,\" he said, \"I urge each of us to move forward in a way that is peaceful and respectful of everyone \u2014 residents, demonstrators and police officers alike.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A woman holds a sign with Philando Castile's image during a rally in St. Paul, Minn., after a police officer was charged in Castile's fatal shooting in Falcon Heights, Nov. 16, 2016. The rally came after St. Anthony Police Officer Jeronimo Yanez was charged with second-degree manslaughter in the death of Castile, 32, a black man who was fatally shot July 6 in suburban St. Paul.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/7D1D10EC-824A-4679-8211-5360794E503E.jpg",
        "id": "27692_1",
        "answer": [
            "shot in his car"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Philando Castile"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_16_3904011",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_16_3904011_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What occupation do the people in the beds in the image have?",
        "context": "Afghanistan Mourns Victims of Deadly Bomb Attack on Capital\nISLAMABAD \u2014\u00a0\nAfghanistan Thursday mourned the victims of a massive truck bomb that blew up Wednesday in the diplomatic section of the country\u2019s capital, killing at least 90 people and wounding more than 400 others.\nThe bomb ripped through the central Wazir Akbar Khan area of Kabul, home to foreign diplomatic missions and government offices, damaging dozens of vehicles and surrounding buildings. Afghan officials said the explosives were packed in a sewage tanker.\nMost of the casualties were civilians, but the dead included Afghan security guards at diplomatic sites.\nThere was no claim of responsibility for the attack.\nSecurity forces inspect near the site of an explosion where German Embassy is located in Kabul, Afghanistan, May 31, 2017. A massive explosion rocked a highly secure diplomatic area of Kabul on Wednesday morning, causing casualties and sending up a huge plume of smoke and dust.\nAfghans blame Haqqani network\nThe Afghan Intelligence agency, NDS, in a brief statement, has blamed the Haqqani network, which allegedly is based in neighboring Pakistan and fighting alongside the Taliban. The NDS also asserted that Pakistan\u2019s spy agency, ISI, helped in planning the attack.\nAfghan officials have blamed Islamabad previously for facilitating insurgent attacks in their country, charges Pakistani officials deny.\nThe Taliban has denied involvement, saying the insurgent group has nothing to do with Wednesday\u2019s bombing or any attacks that target civilians. The insurgents have lately intensified attacks on Afghan security forces, killing and wounding scores of them.\nMajor attacks in Kabul, Afghanistan, over the past year.\nIslamic State has claimed attacks against high-profile Afghan targets in recent months, including a deadly suicide raid on the country\u2019s largest military hospital in Kabul in March.\nAfghan native and Indiana University professor Nazif Shahrani told VOA he is not surprised by the bombing.\n\u201cIt shows that the government is not very much in control of security issues and there are also concerns that infiltration within the government security structure by these terrorist organizations may be in place,\u201d he said. \u201cIt is not surprising but it\u2019s tragic, and the fact that government cannot do much about it is even more tragic.\u201d\nDamage\nThe bombing happened in an area not far from the German embassy. Pictures circulated on social media showed the blast turned a portion of the diplomatic mission into ruins. German Foreign Minister Sigmar Gabriel said an Afghan security guard was among those killed and that a number of employees were wounded.\nThe French, Turkish and Iranian embassies are also among missions that suffered material damage.\nJapan\u2019s Foreign Ministry says two of its embassy employees, both Japanese nationals, were slightly injured in the Kabul bombing while minor damage was also caused to the building.\nA U.S. State Department spokesman said 11 U.S. citizens working as contractors in Afghanistan were injured.\nThe explosion mostly devastated a nearby building, housing the main office of Roshan, the leading telecommunications service provider in Afghanistan.\nAfghan security forces swiftly cordoned off the area and international troops arrived at the site to assist in rescue efforts.\nA damaged car is moved away after a blast in Kabul, Afghanistan May 31, 2017.\nReaction\nAfghan President Ashraf Ghani condemned Wednesday\u2019s blast as an \u201cinhuman and cowardly attack\u201d against innocent civilians in the holy Islamic month of Ramadan.\nThe White House said U.S. President Donald Trump called Ghani to express his condolences and condemn the bombing, saying that the attack happening during Ramadan underscores \u201cthe barbaric nature of the terrorists who are enemies of all civilized peoples.\u201d\nThe U.N. Assistance Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA) condemned the bombing as \u201cmorally reprehensible and an outrage,\u201d particularly during the month of Ramadan.\nNATO\u2019s U.S.-led Resolute Support military mission said the attack \u201cdemonstrates a complete disregard for civilians and reveals the barbaric nature of the enemy faced by the Afghan people.\u201d\nNeighboring Pakistan also denounced the terrorist attack, saying it has caused damage to the residence of Pakistani diplomats and staff and inflicted minor injuries to some. \n\u201cThe people and government of Pakistan extend their heartfelt sympathies and deepest condolences to the government and the people of Afghanistan and the bereaved families,\u201d said a Foreign Ministry spokesman. \nThe latest violence comes as President Ghani is set to host a conference of neighboring and regional countries in Kabul next week to discuss ways to end an increasingly deadly Afghan conflict.\n",
        "caption": "Wounded men lie on their beds in Wazir Akbar Khan Hospital in Kabul, Afghanistan, May 31, 2017. A massive explosion rocked a highly secure diplomatic area of Kabul Wednesday morning, causing casualties and sending a huge plume of smoke over the Afghan capital.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/18C41019-384D-4EDC-9B1B-585766B0029D.jpg",
        "id": "17535_1",
        "answer": [
            "employees",
            "None",
            "security guards"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "wounded",
            "Wounded men"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_01_3882254",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_01_3882254_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who is happy with the actions of country of the man waving in the image?",
        "context": "Trump Makes First Calls to African Leaders\nU.S. President Donald Trump made his first phone calls to African heads of state Monday, speaking with Nigerian President Muhammadu Buhari and South African President Jacob Zuma.\nNigeria and South Africa said the calls were made at the request of the U.S. president, who until now has said little about Africa or African issues since assuming office last month.\nThe Nigerian presidency said Trump and Buhari discussed issues of terrorism, and said Trump assured Buhari the United States is ready to make a new deal to help Nigeria \"in terms of military weapons.\"\nThe statement said Trump also commended Buhari for the strides Nigeria is making against Islamist radical group Boko Haram, and invited Buhari to come to Washington at a mutually convenient date.\nBuhari has not made any public appearances since going to London for medical treatment on January 19.\nThe South Africa presidency said that in their call, Trump and President Zuma affirmed their commitment to \"strengthening the already strong bilateral relations between the two countries.\"\nIt said they also discussed the need to work together on other issues, \"especially the quest for peace and stability on the African continent.\"\nBuhari and Zuma congratulated President Trump on his election.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Nigeria President Muhammadu Buhari, waves after a meeting in Abuja, Nigeria, Jan. 9, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/525CFA5D-BC51-4930-A1B5-159038140724.jpg",
        "id": "26009_1",
        "answer": [
            "Trump "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Buhari "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_13_3721106",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_13_3721106_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who did the person with blonde hair in the image call?",
        "context": "Trump Discusses North Korea Nuclear Threat With Leaders of China, Japan\nU.S. President Donald Trump discussed the threat posed by North Korea's nuclear program in separate phone calls with Chinese President Xi Jinping and Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe.\nThe White House said both Trump and Xi \"reaffirmed their commitment to a denuclearized Korean Peninsula,\" while Trump also raised the threat of North Korea's ballistic missile program.\nChinese state media said Xi told also Trump \"negative factors\" have affected U.S.-China relations, and that Xi hopes Trump will appropriately handle Taiwan-related issues according to the \"One China\" principle.\nSince 1979, the United States has recognized China's official position that Taiwan is part of China.Last week, the U.S. approved $1.42 billion in arms sales to Taiwan.\nIn the conversation with Abe, the White House said both leaders were united on increasing pressure on North Korea to \"change its dangerous path\" and that the U.S. and Japan are ready to respond to \"any threat or action taken by North Korea.\"\nFILE - A combination of photos of U.S. President Donald Trump (center) in Washington, March 1, 2017, Japan's Prime Minister Shinzo Abe (right) in Tokyo, Nov. 18, 2014, and Chinese President Xi Jinping (left) at London's Heathrow Airport, Oct. 19, 2015.\nThe White House statements ended by saying Trump and Xi, and Trump and Abe, look forward to meeting in person this week at a summit of G-20 leaders in Hamburg, Germany.\nIn addition to bilateral meetings with the Chinese and Japanese leaders, Trump is also due to hold talks with South Korean President Moon Jae-in and Russian President Vladimir Putin.\nU.S. President Donald Trump (R) and South Korean President Moon Jae-in deliver a joint statement from the Rose Garden of the White House in Washington, June 30, 2017.\nOn Sunday, at least 10,000 people in Hamburg peacefully protested the upcoming summit \u2014 one of about 30 protests planned in the coming days \u2014 in part to protest Trump's policies, including his announced intention to pull the U.S. out of the 2015 international Paris accord to limit greenhouse gas emissions in the coming years. \nSummits of world leaders often are held in exclusive, remote resorts, the easier to control security.\nBut that is not the case in Hamburg, by design, where German Chancellor Angela Merkel picked the city as the summit host in part to show world leaders that protests play an accepted role in a vibrant democracy.\n",
        "caption": "U.S. President Donald Trump (R) and South Korean President Moon Jae-in deliver a joint statement from the Rose Garden of the White House in Washington, June 30, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/5001D3F4-90F7-4D28-AB21-47DEEA0D539C.jpg",
        "id": "6256_3",
        "answer": [
            "Xi Jinping and Shinzo Abe",
            "Chinese President Xi Jinping and Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Donald Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_02_3924863",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_02_3924863_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person with the yellow tie in the image call for?",
        "context": "US Escalates Criticism of Russia Over Ukraine, Vows Sanctions to Stay\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nThe Trump administration escalated its criticism of Moscow Friday, with two of its most senior officials denouncing Russia\u2019s treatment of Ukraine and reiterating a vow to maintain U.S. sanctions.\nIn his first visit to a NATO ministerial meeting in Brussels, U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson accused Russia of \u201caggression\u201d in Ukraine and told his counterparts that their alliance is \u201cfundamental to countering both nonviolent, but at times violent, Russian agitation\u201d in the region. \nHe also said U.S. sanctions against Moscow will remain in effect until it \u201creverses the actions\u201d that triggered them. Washington imposed the sanctions in response to Russia\u2019s 2014 annexation of Ukraine\u2019s Crimean peninsula and expanded them after Moscow began providing military aid to pro-Russian separatists in eastern Ukraine.\nTillerson\u2019s previous language on Russia had been more conciliatory. After his first meeting with Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov on the sidelines of a Group of 20 major economies meeting in Bonn in February, Tillerson said the U.S. wants to find \u201cnew common ground\u201d with Russia and \u201cexpects\u201d it to honor commitments to de-escalate violence in Ukraine as part of the 2015 Minsk agreement.\nU.S. ambassador to the U.N. Nikki Haley, whose role is subordinate to Tillerson, similarly criticized Russian \u201caggression\u201d and vowed to keep U.S. sanctions in place in remarks to the U.N. Security Council February 2.\nU.S. Secretary of Defense Jim Mattis also fired a verbal attack at Russia Friday. Echoing language he used in February, Mattis told reporters in London that Russian \u201cviolations\u201d of international law are now a \u201cmatter of record \u2014 from what happened with Crimea to other aspects of their behavior in mucking around inside other people\u2019s elections\u201d \u2014 a likely reference to U.S. allegations of Russian meddling in the 2016 U.S. presidential election campaign.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p lang=\\\"ru\\\" dir=\\\"ltr\\\"\\u0026gt;\u041d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0430\u0434\u043c.\u0421\u0428\u0410 \u0437\u0432\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0430\u044f: \u041c\u044d\u0442\u0442\u0438\u0441 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0442 \u042d.\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430, \u0422\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043e\u043d \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442 \u043e \\\"\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0441. \u0430\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438\\\". \u041e\u0431\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u0438 \u041a\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043d \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u044b \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b.\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0435\u0439 \u041f\u0443\u0448\u043a\u043e\u0432 (@Alexey_Pushkov) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/Alexey_Pushkov/status/847741397062959105\\\"\\u0026gt;March 31, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nSenior Russian lawmaker Alexey Pushkov was not amused by the U.S. verbal assaults. In a Friday tweet, he said the new U.S. administration \u201csounds like the old one \u2014 Mattis is indistinguishable from (former Defense Secretary Ash) Carter, Tillerson is talking about \u2018Russian aggression.\u2019 (Barack) Obama and (Hillary) Clinton must be happy.\u201d\nBloomberg reported that Tillerson\u2019s tough language on Russia was well-received by NATO officials. \nFormer NATO Secretary General Anders Fogh Rasmussen (left) and former NATO Deputy Secretary General Alexander Vershbow (center) participate in a Hudson Institute forum in Washington, March 30, 2017.\nBut NATO\u2019s previous secretary general, Anders Fogh Rasmussen, told VOA Persian that he believes the Trump administration should go further. After speaking at a Hudson Institute forum in Washington Thursday, Rasmussen said the U.S. should \u201cstrengthen\u201d its sanctions in response to what he called Russia\u2019s continued destabilization of eastern Ukraine.\nWatch: Former NATO Secretary General Anders Fogh Rasmussen on US Sanctions\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nFormer NATO Secretary General Anders Fogh Rasmussen on US Sanctions\nShare this video\n0:00:49\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:49\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 2.2MB\n360p | 2.9MB\n480p | 12.7MB\nTillerson and Mattis made no reference in their new remarks to Russia\u2019s plans for more weapons sales to Iran, a nation the Trump administration has warned against threatening the U.S. or its Middle East allies.\nA Russian lawmaker who heads the upper house of parliament\u2019s defense and security committee, Viktor Ozerov, visited Iran last November and told reporters that Tehran was in talks to buy $10 billion worth of Russian military hardware. Ozerov said any Russian deliveries of conventional weapons to Iran likely will have to wait until 2020 when U.N. restrictions on arms sales to Tehran expire.\nMoscow had taken a major step to boost military cooperation with Tehran before Ozerov\u2019s announcement, delivering an S-300 advanced air defense system to Iran last year.\nU.S. officials responded to the Russian-Iranian weapons talks with alarm, according to The Washington Free Beacon news site. It quoted State Department officials as saying they had long been working behind the scenes to persuade Moscow not to sell weapons to Iran.\nFormer NATO deputy secretary general Alexander Vershbow, who also spoke at Thursday\u2019s Washington forum, told VOA Persian he does not think U.S. sanctions alone can stop Russia from arming Iran.\nWatch: Former NATO Deputy Secretary General Alexander Vershbow on US Sanctions and Russia\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nFormer NATO Deputy Secretary General Alexander Vershbow on US Sanctions and Russia\nShare this video\n0:01:15\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:15\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 3.6MB\n360p | 4.7MB\n480p | 25.6MB\n\u201cTo be effective, the U.S. would have to adopt a unified sanctions approach with Europe,\u201d Vershbow said. \u201cWhile some sanctions imposed on Russia because of Ukraine may cover the Russian defense as well as financial sectors, targeting additional sanctions against Moscow specifically because of Iran may not be an easy issue for agreement with Europe, given its desire not to harm the Iran nuclear deal.\u201d\nIran agreed to curb activities that could produce nuclear weapons as part of a 2015 deal with world powers, who agreed to ease sanctions against Tehran in return.\nThis report was produced in collaboration with VOA\u2019s Persian Service.\n",
        "caption": "Former NATO Secretary General Anders Fogh Rasmussen (left) and former NATO Deputy Secretary General Alexander Vershbow (center) participate in a Hudson Institute forum in Washington, March 30, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/329146EE-3D1D-439C-8442-8064E54D0872.png",
        "id": "9101_2",
        "answer": [
            "U.S. should \u201cstrengthen\u201d its sanctions in response to what he called Russia\u2019s continued destabilization of eastern Ukraine",
            "sanctions"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Rasmussen",
            "Anders Fogh Rasmussen"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_01_3791985",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_01_3791985_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in the middle of the image not do?",
        "context": "Malaysia: More Arrests Expected in Kim Jong Nam Death\nKUALA LUMPUR, MALAYSIA \u2014\u00a0\nMalaysian police are expected to make a few more arrests, including an \u201cimportant person,\u201d in connection with the murder of Kim Jong Nam, the estranged half brother of North Korean leader Kim Jong Un, state media reported Sunday.\nPolice chief Khalid Abu Bakar declined to elaborate on details when speaking to the state media, adding that the arrests would be made at the appropriate time.\n\u201cI don\u2019t deny we are targeting new individuals including North Korean nationals involved in this murder, and we will use all legal channels to apprehend them. Although I can\u2019t reveal who they are, we believe there is an \u2018important person\u2019 among them,\u201d he told state media.\nThe police chief did not respond immediately when contacted by Reuters for comment.\nMalaysian police have previously identified eight North Koreans wanted for questioning in connection with the killing of Kim Jong Nam, some of them hiding in the North Korean embassy. A Vietnamese woman and an Indonesian woman have been charged in the case.\nKim Jong Nam was killed February 13, when Malaysian police say two women smeared toxic VX nerve agent on his face at Kuala Lumpur International Airport.\nOn Thursday, police said Interpol issued a \u201cred notice,\u201d the closest to an international arrest warrant, for four North Koreans wanted in connection with the murder. \n",
        "caption": "FILE - Malaysia's Royal Police Chief Khalid Abu Bakar (center) speaks during a news conference regarding the death of Kim Jong Nam, the half brother of the North Korean leader, at the Malaysian police headquarters in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Feb. 22, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/7BB6B951-C699-49C2-860F-655FFDFF4C41.jpg",
        "id": "20976_1",
        "answer": [
            "respond immediately when contacted by Reuters for comment",
            "elaborate on details",
            "elaborate on details when speaking to the state media"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Khalid Abu Bakar"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_19_3772423",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_19_3772423_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who is unhappy about the technology in the image?",
        "context": "North Korea Tests Missiles After South Suspends Anti-Missile System\nSEOUL, SOUTH KOREA \u2014\u00a0\nNorth Korea test fired another missile, just one day after South Korea suspended the deployment of the U.S. Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) anti-missile system.\nThe early morning launch occurred Thursday from the coastal city of Wonsan. \n\u201cMultiple projectiles that appear to be short-range, land-to-ship cruise missiles\u201d were fired and flew about 200 kilometers before landing in the Sea of Japan or East Sea as it is called in Korea, according to South Korea\u2019s Office of Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS).\nThe Nimitz-class U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Carl Vinson transits the Philippine Sea\nTargeting enemy vessels\nNorth Korean leader Kim Jong Un last month ordered his military to develop the missile capability to precisely target enemy vessels at sea, according to North Korean state media.\nDuring the first week of June, two U.S. aircraft carrier strike groups, the USS Carl Vinson and the USS Ronald Reagan, conducted military exercises in international waters between the Korean Peninsula and Japan.\nThe South Korean JCS said Thursday\u2019s test was a direct response to the recent U.S. naval exercises.\n\u201cIt was to show off the capability of various types of missiles and is an armed protest to show off its precise strike capability against enemy warships regarding the (recent) joint naval training of the U.S. carriers, or to secure an advantage in U.S. and North Korea or inter-Korean relations,\u201d said JCS Chief of Public Affairs Roh Jae-Cheon.\nThe JCS also noted that North Korea\u2019s test of low-altitude cruise missiles is not a violation of United Nations Security Council sanctions, which specifically prohibit high-altitude ballistic missile and nuclear weapons development.\nJapanese Chief Cabinet Secretary Yoshihide Suga also said this cruise missile test did not warrant a response by the United Nations.\n\u201cThe government has dealt with actions of North Korea based on responses of the international community, however, we don\u2019t think this (North Korea\u2019s missile launch this time) is something we need to protest against,\u201d he said.\nHe also confirmed that the North Korean missiles did not reach his country\u2019s exclusive economic zone that extends 370 kilometers from the coast.\nSouth Korean protesters hold placards during a rally against the deployment of the US Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) system near the US embassy in Seoul, April 28, 2017.\nTHAAD on hold\nThursday\u2019s launch is the fourth missile test by North Korea since South Korean President Moon Jae-in took office May 10, pledging to reduce tensions with Pyongyang through dialogue and engagement. His conservative predecessor, former President Park Geun-hye, was impeached for her alleged ties to a multi-million dollar corruption scandal.\nPresident Moon convened his first meeting of the National Security Council Thursday where he ordered heightened military readiness to respond to any North Korean provocation.\n\u201cPresident Moon condemned (North Korea\u2019s provocation by saying that) what North Korea will gain from this provocation is international isolation and economic difficulties and it will lose the opportunity for development,\u201d said Park Soo-hyun, the spokesman of the presidential office after the NSC meeting.\nThe Moon administration Wednesday suspended the further development of THAAD until an environmental survey required by law has been completed. A presidential aide was reported to have said that the survey could take up to two years.\nTHAAD uses six mobile launchers and 48 interceptor missiles to target long-range ballistic missiles using high-resolution radar and infrared seeking technology. Two of the launchers were installed in March.\nDuring the campaign, Moon called for a full review of the THAAD agreement before authorizing deployment.\nU.S. President Donald Trump also raised concerns about the agreement when he demanded $1 billion for the American weapons system in April. Officials in both Washington and Seoul subsequently clarified the U.S. would bear the cost of THAAD system\u2019s deployment and South Korea would provide the land and supporting facilities.\nA Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) interceptor (right) is seen in Seongju, South Korea, April 26, 2017.\nUndermining the U.S. alliance\nWashington considers the advanced anti-missile battery critical for defense against North Korea\u2019s growing nuclear and ballistic missile capabilities.\nHowever China adamantly opposes the THAAD regional deployment that could potentially give the U.S. the means to counter its missile capabilities as well.\nAnd many residents living near the deployment site have raised concerns over the possible negative health effects of the system\u2019s powerful radar, and over the increased danger of North Korea targeting their region if hostiles break out.\nLast week, the South Korean Defense Ministry approved the delivery of four remaining launchers without informing the presidential office. The president suspended a deputy defense minster for his role in bypassing the executive oversight function. Kang Kyung-hwa, Moon\u2019s Foreign Minister designate, also called for the National Assembly to debate this national security matter.\nOn Thursday, the Defense Ministry declined to comment on the status of THAAD because of an internal investigation under way.\nIn the National Assembly Thursday, conservative Rep. Lee Cheol-woo with the opposition Liberty Korea Party said delaying THAAD is \u201cneglecting the country\u2019s duty,\u201d while fellow party member Rep. Chung Woo-taik accused the Moon government of undermining the U.S. alliance, \u201cwhile taking no measures whatsoever against North Korea\u2019s missile launches.\u201d\nThe South Korean presidential spokesman also said Thursday that Moon will reaffirm South Korea\u2019s strong commitment to the U.S. alliance when he meets with Trump in Washington later this month.\nYoumi Kim contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "A Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) interceptor (right) is seen in Seongju, South Korea, April 26, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/AEFD37BD-2293-4432-9A4D-E077A8FD1F74.jpg",
        "id": "20480_4",
        "answer": [
            "China",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "THAAD",
            "Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) interceptor"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_08_3891803",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_08_3891803_4"
    },
    {
        "question": "What service did the person on the left of the image have to use?",
        "context": "Refugees: A World Away From Loved Ones, Anxious and in Limbo\nPresident Donald Trump's executive order banning refugees from certain countries has brought stress, desperation, worry and confusion to a number of families in the United States and abroad.\nTrump's order temporarily halted the entire U.S. refugee program and banned all entries from seven Muslim-majority nations for 90 days. Many refugees in the U.S. had expected to reunite with relatives any day, but now their plans are on hold.\n5-year-old girl: far from mom and dad\nNagi Algahaim, a U.S. citizen who runs a gas station in Detroit, said he's effectively stuck in Malaysia with his wife, a native of Yemen. Their 5-year-old daughter is at home with relatives in Detroit but the mother can't travel there.\nAlgahaim, 33, said he and Kokab Algazali, 28, have been in Malaysia since December, seeking immigration documents to qualify her for a green card in the United States.\nAlgahaim said Malaysia Airlines told them that while he can fly to the U.S., his wife cannot.\nBut he's not leaving Kuala Lumpur without her.\n\"She's been crying every day. It's heartbreaking,\" he said Tuesday.\nTheir daughter, who has health problems, hasn't seen her mother since she was 8 months old.\n\"As an American, I'm disgusted,\" Algahaim said. \"I thought Trump was going to bring up America, not twist it around with fear and racism.\"\nEverything was set\nEverything was set for the Syrian refugees to fly to the U.S.\nA \"processing error\" that for months kept Baraa Haj Khalaf, her husband and baby daughter from joining her parents and two siblings in the U.S. had at last been taken care of. They were told to be at the Istanbul airport Monday for their flight to the U.S. - and a new life near Chicago.\nSo confident were they that they were on their way to America after fleeing Aleppo, Syria in 2013, Baraa and her husband sold or gave away practically all of their belongings.\nIn suburban Chicago, her 46-year-old father, Khaled Haj Khalaf, could hardly contain his excitement. \"We were very happy,\" he said through an interpreter Tuesday. \"This is the land of freedom, the land of democracy.\"\nEven some Chicago mothers had volunteered to collect furniture, food, clothing and toys for the baby at their future apartment. Then came President Donald Trump's executive order.\nNow all the refugees' plans and hopes are \"in limbo,\" said Melineh Kano, executive director of a group called RefugeeOne, which is providing support for the volunteers.\nA family separated\nAbdalla Munye and his wife resettled in Georgia weeks ago but their 20-year-old daughter wasn't able to join them. Her flight was scheduled to arrive this week. Now her trip is on hold.\nMunye said his family stayed in refugee camps after fleeing the violence of Somalia, and his wife, Habiba Mohamed, said she watched her 11-year-old daughter be raped and killed.\nThey are concerned about their older daughter, Batula, who remains in a refugee camp in Kenya.\n\"Now that we are here and we have left her behind, we are in a lot of distress and worry,\" Munye, 44, said through a translator. \"The only thing I can request from the American government is to help me be reunited with my daughter.\"\nThe couple held out hope that first lady Melania Trump, herself an immigrant from Slovenia, might be able to persuade the president to reverse course.\n\"She's a parent and she knows the love that a parent has for their child and I would like her to do her best to convince the president to change his mind,\" Munye said.\nA daughter who has never met her father\nSomali refugee Nimo Hashi bought couches and a new kitchen table for her Salt Lake City apartment in anticipation of reuniting Friday with her husband for the first time in nearly three years.\nSomali refugee Nimo Hashi holds a photo of her husband Tuesday, Jan. 31, 2017, in Salt Lake City. Hashi bought a new kitchen table and couches for her Salt Lake City apartment in joyful anticipation of reuniting Friday with her husband for the first time in nearly three years. But he won't be arriving as planned to see her and the 2-year-old daughter he's never met. He is among hundreds of people stuck in limbo after President Donald Trump's executive order temporarily banned refugees and nearly all travelers from seven Muslim-majority countries, including Somalia.\nHashi said she last saw him when she was two months pregnant with their daughter, Taslim. Her husband has never seen his daughter. After Trump's order, it's not clear when the father and daughter will meet.\nThe couple met in Ethiopia after both fled Somalia amid the civil war. Her refugee case had already been approved, so officials told her to go ahead to the U.S. where she could apply for her husband to join her.\n\"I was so happy and joyous but that dream is shattered,\" Hashi said through a translator. \"This is not right just singling out people from Muslim countries, being singled out based on religion.\"\nStressed out\nIraqi refugee Rana Elshekly expected to see her husband soon but his resettlement was put on hold. Now he is in limbo in Turkey.\n\"Every time we talk it sounds like we are arguing because we don't know what to do,\" Elshekly said through an interpreter. \"He's even trying to get me to come back to Turkey so we can at least all be together.\"\nElshekly, 36, resettled in Albuquerque, New Mexico, in October with her two young boys, 9-year-old Dair and 3-year-old Laith.\nHer husband, Hikmat Ahmed, 42, stayed behind after officials suggested that she and the children come alone to the United State to get out of the region faster.\nWhen she thinks about returning to the war-torn region, she remembers her 20-year-old pregnant sister who was recently killed in a bombing at a market in Iraq.\n\"I start thinking of my boys, and I have to stay because of them,\" she said.\nNo one showed up for dinner\nThe Somali community in Providence, Rhode Island, prepared traditional home-cooked meals - including goat meat, vegetables and the crepe-like bread known as canjeero - and furnished an apartment for three brothers who were supposed to arrive Monday night. They never made it.\nThe eldest brother fled his war-torn homeland in the 1990s and had been waiting to be resettled since 2000, when he registered with the United Nations Refugee Agency, said Baha Sadr of refugee resettlement group Dorcas International Institute of Rhode Island.\n\"For the past 16 years, most of his life, he was just waiting to get approval,\" Sadr said. \"If anybody's in waiting for 16 years, how much more extreme vetting can they get?\"\nFrom Afghanistan with worries\nHaidary Mohammad, 27, is celebrating little more than a week of being in the U.S., just barely settled into an apartment in Jacksonville, Florida, after years of working for the U.S. military as a translator in Afghanistan.\nHaidary was able to move with his wife. But his father, mother and sisters and brothers remain in Afghanistan. He hopes they'll be able to make it to the U.S. one day - like he did. But now there's much to be uncertain about.\n\"I've been through a lot of firefights and ambushes and stuff like that in Afghanistan,\" he said, adding he applied two years ago to be resettled as a refugee, fearing for his life from the Taliban.\n\"The Taliban look for the guys who work with Americans, and I was one of the guys,\" he told The Associated Press. Now he doesn't know what will happen with two friends who are helping U.S. forces and also want to come over.\n\"There's two friends of mine still working in the north of Afghanistan with the Special Forces,\" he said. \"Their paperwork is nearly done, one already got his visa, and they're still hoping to come.\"\n",
        "caption": "Immigrant Rana Elshekly, 36, left, talks to Qadria Naji, 26, at the Islamic Center of New Mexico in Albuquerque, New Mexico., Jan. 30, 2017. Elshekly, a refugee from Iraq, came to Albuquerque with her two young boys in October and expected her husband, Hikmat Ahmed, also of Iraq, to join them soon but President Donald Trump's travel ban has left Ahmed in limbo while waiting in Turkey.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/587AB6C5-4E93-426E-8C23-A4E88029DC00.jpg",
        "id": "31414_1",
        "answer": [
            "an interpreter"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Elshekly "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_01_3701683",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_01_3701683_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "How many of the people like those in the image were killed?",
        "context": "Iraqi Forces Face Stiff Resistance as Mosul Push Continues\nA senior commander says Iraqi militarized police have captured a neighborhood on the western side of Mosul amid fierce clashes with Islamic State militants.\nMajor General Haider al-Maturi of the Federal Police Commandos Division told The Associated Press that his troops entered the Tayaran neighborhood Sunday morning and it is now \u201cunder their full control.\u2019\u2019\nAl-Maturi said Islamic State militants deployed at least 10 suicide car bombs, but nine of them were blown up before reaching their targets. The 10th killed two policemen and wounded five.\nIraqi forces, backed by aerial support from the U.S.-led international coalition, already control eastern Mosul. Iraq\u2019s second largest city is split roughly in half by the Tigris River.\nEarlier, Iraqi military officials said U.S.-backed forces are facing a stiffer resistance as soldiers push deeper into the western half of the city, the last refuge of IS in Iraq.\nLieutenant Colonel Abdulamir al-Mohammadawi told the French news agency several elite units that previously recaptured the Mosul airport were moving north toward the center of the city, where they planned to retake the Turkish consulate and other government buildings.\nHe said the troops are facing increasingly heavy resistance as they move further into the IS-held city.\n\u201cDaesh [Islamic State] is using houses full of residents as human shields,\u201d al-Mohammadawi told AFP.\nWATCH: Fighting is Fierce on the Edge of Western Mosul\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nFighting is Fierce on the Edge of Western Mosul\nShare this video\n0:01:09\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:09\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 3.4MB\n360p | 5.8MB\n720p | 33.6MB\n1080p | 23.8MB\nRetaking the airport\nThe advances come after counter-terrorism troops regained control late last week of the airport in Mosul that had been controlled by IS since 2014.\nThe takeover of the airport gives Iraqi troops access to Mosul from the southwest and for the first time control of an area along the west bank of the Tigris River.\nIS insurgents were pushed out of eastern Mosul in January, but the militant group still controls the western section of the city.\nLittle was left inside the airport, and what was once a runway was littered with dirt and debris. Other buildings in the airport complex had been leveled by Islamic State forces.\nThe Iraqi forces also seized an Islamic State weapons storage warehouse, as well its one-time headquarters and barracks.\nIraqi federal policemen celebrate the retaking of Mosul airport, outside western Mosul, Iraq, Feb. 24. 2017.\nSlow advance\nThe advance to retake the remainder of western Mosul may take some time. It took three months for Iraqi forces to seize control of the eastern part of the city.\nInternational relations professor Houchang Hassan-Yari of the Royal Military College of Canada told VOA\u2019s Persian service the concentration of civilians in western Mosul will make it harder for Iraqi government forces and their coalition allies to retake that part of the city.\n\u201cComparing this situation to the recent battle for the Syrian city of Aleppo, Syrian government forces and their Russian allies directly attacked civilians [as they retook the city last November and December],\u201d said Hassan-Yari on VOA Persian\u2019s NewsHour program.\n\u201cIn Mosul, Iraqi government forces and their U.S.-led coalition partners have significantly restricted themselves in terms of the firepower they are using, in order to save the lives of civilians,\u201d he noted.\nDamascus and Moscow have denied targeting civilians in Aleppo.\nU.S. forces have played a key role in the advance of Baghdad\u2019s troops, launching airstrikes and providing advisers on the ground. On Thursday, U.S. forces were seen in the front lines of the attack.\nFILE - U.S. soldiers gather at a military base north of Mosul, Iraq, Jan. 4, 2017. U.S. forces have been deployed alongside Iraqi units to serve in an \"Advise and Assist\" role in the offensive against Islamic State militants in Mosul, in addition to providing air support.\nThe American forces are not supposed to be engaged in the fighting under Washington\u2019s terms of the U.S. involvement in Iraq. But a coalition spokesman, Air Force Colonel John Dorrian, said Wednesday that in recent weeks they have gotten so close to the front that they have come under attack near Mosul and returned fire.\nMany of those civilians in western Mosul were forced out of the eastern part of the city during heavy fighting there last month.\nMeanwhile, aid agencies are worried and preparing for the possibility that up to 250,000 people might flee Mosul in the coming days or weeks.\nThe U.N. refugee agency has said it is focusing its efforts on building new camps to house the displaced. The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees has completed eight camps and says it is planning to start work at another site south of Mosul.\nParisa Farhadi, Babak Azma and Sara Dehghan of VOA's Persian Service contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "Iraqi federal policemen celebrate the retaking of Mosul airport, outside western Mosul, Iraq, Feb. 24. 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/C2B7152B-6605-4E2E-BFFB-77556285F126.jpg",
        "id": "19342_2",
        "answer": [
            "two",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Iraqi federal policemen",
            "policemen"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_25_3739698",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_25_3739698_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What do the people surrounding the man in the image need?",
        "context": "Former President Bush Honors Veterans With \u2018Portraits of Courage\u2019\nDALLAS, TEXAS \u2014\u00a0\nWhen Johnnie Yellock enlisted in the U.S. Air Force, he knew his job as a combat controller would frequently put him in harm's way.\n\u201cWe volunteered in a time of war, we knew exactly what we were up against,\u201d he told VOA. \u201cA lot of our job titles were putting us right on the battlefield. We were ready for that. I was prepared to die for my country.\u201d\nWatch: Former president George W. Bush Honors Military Veterans\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nFormer President Bush Honors Veterans With 'Portraits of Courage'\nShare this video\n0:03:17\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:03:17\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 9.4MB\n360p | 13.5MB\n720p | 82.4MB\n1080p | 56.5MB\nAlthough he was prepared, war has a way of changing the best-laid plans. Even Johnnie Yellock\u2019s. \nDuring a deployment to eastern Afghanistan, on July 6, 2011, the vehicle he was traveling in struck an improvised explosive device, or IED.\nThe force of the blast tore through his body. Although he had to apply a tourniquet to both of his own legs to stop the bleeding, he continued to help his team by calling in the evacuation flight that would lift them to safety and desperately needed medical assistance. \nHelpless, but not hopeless\nBut instead of being relieved, Yellock was frustrated he couldn\u2019t stay in the fight.\n\u201cI went from being the tip of the spear on the battlefield to being loaded on a stretcher and carted off the battlefield, completely helpless.\u201d\nFILE - U.S. Air Force Staff Sgt. Johnnie Yellock walks with a cane to his Bronze Star Medal ceremony, at Hurlburt Field, Florida, June 26, 2012. Yellock received the Bronze Star for his deployment to Afghanistan in 2011 during which was seriously injured by an IED. (Photo by David Salanitri)\n\u201cThe whole family was blown up with Johnnie,\u201d explains his mother, Reagan Yellock, also a U.S. Air Force veteran, \"because it is such a traumatic experience for the whole family. I knew it was a process. My first priority was: My son was alive. What do we do? What do we do to get him help? To get him back to us and what the process is going to be.\u201d\nYellock\u2019s encounter with the IED that July day in Afghanistan ultimately ended his military career, and began a rehabilitation effort that continues today.\n\u201cMy recovery was extensive for sure,\u201d he admits. \u201cI\u2019ve had about 30 surgeries on my legs, in a process called limb salvage, so it\u2019s a huge effort to maintain and keep my legs from amputation. I now have adaptive braces, but aside from all the physical trials of recovery and changing your lifestyle, your life took a detour. The transition of being an active-duty service member to then retiring from the military, it\u2019s a pretty humbling journey.\u201d\nWhile that journey might have taken him off the battlefield, it has put him in an art gallery at the George W. Bush Presidential Museum in Dallas, Texas, where Yellock isn\u2019t just visiting the exhibits. He\u2019s a featured subject.\nA salute from Team 43\n\u201cThat is a very unique email to receive to find out that your prior commander-in-chief has taken and dedicated a lot of his time painting several of us wounded warriors.\u201d\nYellock is a member of Team 43, as in the 43rd President of the United States, George W. Bush, who has focused much of his post-presidential work to helping wounded \u201cwarriors\u201d like Johnnie Yellock adjust to civilian life.\nFormer president George W. Bush (C) and U.S. war veterans profiled by him stand at the opening of the \"Profiles of Courage\" exhibit at the Bush Presidential Museum in Dallas, Texas. (K. Farabaugh/VOA)\nIn an exclusive interview with VOA, the former president spoke about Yellock and other veterans who are the inspiration behind his yearlong effort to paint their portraits for an exhibit and book, titled Portraits of Courage: A Commander-in-Chief\u2019s Tribute to America\u2019s Warriors. \n\u201cI know them all,\u201d Bush told VOA. \u201cI\u2019ve ridden bikes with them. I\u2019ve played golf with them. I knew their stories.\u201d\nBut engaging in sports is one thing. Painting their portraits is quite another.\n\u201cHow is a person who is agnostic on art for most of his life become a painter?\u201d the former president asked himself.\nThe answer? The pastime of war-time British prime minister Winston Churchill.\n\u201cI happened to read Churchill\u2019s essay, 'Painting as a Pastime.' I\u2019m a big admirer of Winston Churchill, and in essence, I said if this guy can paint, I can paint,\u201d Bush said.\nPersonal tribute\nAt first, Bush painted simple objects. Then he transitioned to pets, and moved on to world leaders, until his idea for Portraits of Courage began to take shape more than a year ago.\nIt\u2019s a tribute to those who Bush, as commander-in-chief of the United States military, was ultimately responsible for sending into harm\u2019s way.\nFormer president George W. Bush is interviewed by VOA's Kane Farabaugh at the Bush Presidential Museum in Dallas, Texas.\n\u201cRarely do I run into a vet who says, 'You caused this to happen to me,'\u201d Bush told VOA. \u201cThese are all volunteers, and I made it perfectly clear we were going to defend the country. And they knew exactly what the stakes were. They go out of their way to make sure that their ole commander-in-chief understands that they understand the sacrifices they made.\u201d\n\u201cThe trials [Bush] was thrust into ... the decisions he had to make, were difficult ones,\u201d Yellock says. \u201cThe humility he shows in recognizing the impact that his decisions made on the lives of so many of us soldiers and our family members - those of my friends that didn\u2019t come home from war, and me coming home wounded. I can speak for all those wounded that we don\u2019t regret going and doing what we did. We would do it again if we had the opportunity.\u201d\nIt\u2019s that kind of sentiment that kept Bush motivated to take a brush to canvas, day after day.\n\u201cSo when I\u2019m painting these portraits,\u201d Bush explained, \u201cI\u2019m thinking, what kind of character is it that rather than complain or be full of self-pity, they say, 'Sir, I\u2019d do it again.'\u201d\nOf the 98 veterans portrayed in Bush\u2019s artwork for the project, Yellock is featured on a four-panel mural, next to several of his friends.\n\u201cAbout 10 minutes ago was the first time I saw my portrait,\u201d he told VOA. \u201cI was just blown away.\u201d\nPresident George W. Bush is seen working on a \"Portraits of Courage\" painting. (Photo by Grant Miller)\nRaising funds to help vets\nBush says he hopes the art speaks for itself, but Portraits of Courage is more than just an exhibit. It\u2019s a fundraiser to help other veterans.\nAll proceeds from the sale of the Portraits of Courage book, including a more expensive, limited edition signed by the former president, will help fund programs of the George W. Bush Institute\u2019s Military Service Initiative, which aims to help military members transition to civilian life, help veterans find employment if needed, and address ways to treat both the visible and invisible injuries of war.\nJohnnie Yellock has both.\nHe is the recipient of the Bronze Star and Purple Heart, among other military decorations. While he is honored to be a part of the exhibit, just don\u2019t call him a hero.\n\u201cThose that don\u2019t come home ... those are the heroes of our time,\u201d he told VOA.\nJohnnie Yellock holds his hand next to his portrait painted by former president George W. Bush. The bracelet on Yellock's hand bears the names of four of his personal heroes. \u201cThose that don\u2019t come home ... those are the heroes of our time,\u201d he says.\nFour of Yellock\u2019s personal heroes have their names engraved on a bracelet he seldom takes off. They were with him when he stood by Bush to announce the opening of the exhibit, and serve as a lasting reminder to Yellock of the ultimate sacrifice from a war that still continues today.\n\u201cWe knew the risks. We knew that being wounded or dying was a possibility. But we get to come home, we get to catch up with our families, and we\u2019ll forever regard those who have paid this nation\u2019s ultimate sacrifice, as this nation\u2019s true heroes.\u201d\nThe original paintings of Portraits of Courage: A commander-in-chief\u2019s Tribute to America\u2019s Warriors are on display at the Bush Presidential Museum through October.\n",
        "caption": "Former president George W. Bush (C) and U.S. war veterans profiled by him stand at the opening of the \"Profiles of Courage\" exhibit at the Bush Presidential Museum in Dallas, Texas. (K. Farabaugh/VOA)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/0EDB035E-0AE3-472A-9CD2-C7A193C3B98D.jpg",
        "id": "29428_3",
        "answer": [
            "employment if needed"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "veterans"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_03_3748579",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_03_3748579_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "How did the people in the image classify the incident?",
        "context": "Man in Australia Hostage-taking, Shootout Had Militant Connections\nAn Australian man of Somali origin who killed one person and took another hostage had connections with two prominent militant groups, VOA has learned.\nYacqub Khayre was killed in a shootout with police Monday after killing an employee of a Melbourne apartment building and holding a woman captive inside one of the apartments. Three police officers were injured in the exchange.\nThe Islamic State militant group has claimed responsibility for the incident. Police say they are treating this as a \u201cterrorism incident,\u201d but add that they have not seen messages showing that Khayre was guided by an outside force.\nA relative told VOA's Somali Service that Khayre, 29, had past connections to both Islamic State and the Somali militant group al-Shabab.\nAustralian police carry a box from the home of gunman Yacqub Khayre, who was shot dead by police on June 5, 2017, after he shot a man dead and held a woman hostage in the Melbourne suburb of Roxburgh Park in Australia.\nViolent history\nKhayre was born in the Somali city of Baidoa; his birth name is Yacqub Ahmed Mohamed. He moved to a Kenyan refugee camp with his family in 1992, after the outbreak of civil war in Somalia, before moving to Australia with his grandparents in 1994.\nHe returned to Somalia in mid-2006 when the Islamic Courts Union (ICU) took over most of southern and central Somalia, according to the relative. At the time al-Shabab fighters were part of the ICU.\nThe relative, speaking on condition of anonymity, says he is \u201ccertain\u201d that Khayre trained with members of al-Shabab near Baidoa for three months. \u201cHe travelled there against the wishes of his family,\u201d says the relative.\nAfter the intervention of Ethiopian troops and the collapse of the ICU, Khayre fled the country and travelled to Kenya. He was arrested at Jomo Kenyatta airport in Nairobi in 2006 by Kenyan authorities.\n\u201cAfter being arrested by Kenya security forces he was handed over to Interpol and the FBI,\u201d says the relative who was familiar with the arrest. \u201cHe was later handed over to the Australian authorities.\u201d\nLack of evidence\nAfter returning to Australia, Khayre was involved in other crimes, including robbery.\nHe was among a group of men charged with plotting to attack an Australia army base in Sydney in August 2009. He was later released for lack of evidence, while three other members of the group were convicted and given jail sentences.\nKhayre then spent 16 months in a high security facility for terrorism offenses, but was acquitted and later released in 2010, according to the Australia Broadcasting Corporation.\nIn 2012, he was arrested after committing robbery while armed with a knife. He was reportedly under the influence of drugs and was sentenced to five years. He was released in November last year on parole, according to the relative.\n'No doubt'\nThe relative says he has \u201cno doubt\u201d that Khayre was radicalized. He says Khayre knew at least one Australian of Somali origin who travelled to Syria to fight for ISIS.\n\u201cHe was a close buddy to Sharmarke, an ISIS militant from Australia who was killed three years ago,\u201d the relative said.\nSharmarke Jama was an Australian model and DJ who joined ISIS. His death in 2014 in Syria attracted media attention. Jama was from Melbourne, as was Khayre.\nAccording to sources, police have seized all the family members' electronic gadgets for review. \u201cThe whole family is now treated as a scene for crime,\u201d said the relative.\n",
        "caption": "Australian police carry a box from the home of gunman Yacqub Khayre, who was shot dead by police on June 5, 2017, after he shot a man dead and held a woman hostage in the Melbourne suburb of Roxburgh Park in Australia.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/32C2A3E2-44E8-4FAD-BBE8-E4646A6CE1DB.jpg",
        "id": "22436_2",
        "answer": [
            "a \u201cterrorism incident",
            "None",
            "terrorism incident"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Australian police",
            "Police"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_06_3889410",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_06_3889410_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person on the video screen in the image do?",
        "context": "Hackers Release Files Indicating NSA Monitored Global Bank Transfers\nHackers released documents and files Friday that cybersecurity experts said indicated the U.S. National Security Agency had accessed the SWIFT interbank messaging system, allowing it to monitor money flows among some Middle Eastern and Latin American banks.\nThe release included computer code that could be adapted by criminals to break into SWIFT servers and monitor messaging activity, said Shane Shook, a cyber security consultant who has helped banks investigate breaches of their SWIFT systems.\nThe documents and files were released by a group calling themselves The Shadow Brokers. Some of the records bear NSA seals, but Reuters could not confirm their authenticity.\nThe NSA could not immediately be reached for comment.\nFILE - An undated aerial handout photo shows the National Security Agency (NSA) headquarters building in Fort Meade, Maryland.\nHoles in Windows\nAlso published were many programs for attacking various versions of the Windows operating system, at least some of which still work, researchers said.\nIn a statement to Reuters, Microsoft, maker of Windows, said it had not been warned by any part of the U.S. government that such files existed or had been stolen.\n\"Other than reporters, no individual or organization has contacted us in relation to the materials released by Shadow Brokers,\" the company said.\nThe absence of warning is significant because the NSA knew for months about the Shadow Brokers breach, officials previously told Reuters. Under a White House process established by former President Barack Obama's staff, companies were usually warned about dangerous flaws.\nBangladesh heist\nShook said criminal hackers could use the information released Friday to hack into banks and steal money in operations mimicking a heist last year of $81 million from the Bangladesh central bank.\n\"The release of these capabilities could enable fraud like we saw at Bangladesh Bank,\" Shook said.\nThe SWIFT messaging system is used by banks to transfer trillions of dollars each day. Belgium-based SWIFT downplayed the risk of attacks employing the code released by hackers Friday.\nSWIFT said it regularly releases security updates and instructs client banks on how to handle known threats.\n\"We mandate that all customers apply the security updates within specified times,\" SWIFT said in a statement.\nSWIFT said it had no evidence that the main SWIFT network had ever been accessed without authorization.\nIt was possible that the local messaging systems of some SWIFT client banks had been breached, SWIFT said in a statement, which did not specifically mention the NSA.\nFILE - A sign for the Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunications ( SWIFT) is seen outside the company headquarters in Brussels, Feb. 20, 2007.\nWhen cyberthieves robbed the Bangladesh Bank last year, they compromised that bank's local SWIFT network to order money transfers from its account at the New York Federal Reserve.\nNSA and SWIFT\nThe documents released by the Shadow Brokers on Friday indicate that the NSA may have accessed the SWIFT network through service bureaus. SWIFT service bureaus are companies that provide an access point to the SWIFT system for the network's smaller clients and may send or receive messages regarding money transfers on their behalf.\n\u201cIf you hack the service bureau, it means that you also have access to all of their clients, all of the banks,\" said Matt Suiche, founder of the United Arab Emirates-based cybersecurity firm Comae Technologies, who has studied the Shadow Broker releases and believes the group has access to NSA files.\nThe documents posted by the Shadow Brokers include Excel files listing computers on a service bureau network, user names, passwords and other data, Suiche said.\n\u201cThat's information you can only get if you compromise the system,\" he said.\nFILE - Former National Security Agency contractor Edward Snowden, center, speaks via video conference to people in the Johns Hopkins University auditorium in Baltimore, Feb. 17, 2016.\nCris Thomas, a prominent security researcher with the cybersecurity firm Tenable, said the documents and files released by the Shadow Brokers show \u201cthe NSA has been able to compromise SWIFT banking systems, presumably as a way to monitor, if not disrupt, financial transactions to terrorists groups.\u201d\nThwarting terrorists\nSince the early 1990s, interrupting the flow of money from Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and elsewhere to al-Qaida, the Taliban, and other militant Islamic groups in Afghanistan, Pakistan and other countries has been a major objective of U.S. and allied intelligence agencies.\nMustafa Al-Bassam, a computer science researcher at University College London, said on Twitter that the Shadow Brokers documents show that the \"NSA hacked a bunch of banks, oil and investment companies in Palestine, UAE, Kuwait, Qatar, Yemen, more.\"\nHe added that NSA \"completely hacked\" EastNets, one of two SWIFT service bureaus named in the documents that were released by the Shadow Brokers.\nReuters could not independently confirm that EastNets had been hacked. And EastNets, based in Dubai, denied it had been hacked in a statement, calling the assertion \"totally false and unfounded.\" \nEastNets ran a \"complete check of its servers and found no hacker compromise or any vulnerabilities,\" according to a statement from EastNets' chief executive and founder, Hazem Mulhim.\nSnowden documents\nIn 2013, documents released by former NSA contractor Edward Snowden said the NSA had been able to monitor SWIFT messages.\nThe agency monitored the system to spot payments intended to finance crimes, according to the documents released by Snowden.\nReuters could not confirm whether the documents released Friday by the Shadow Brokers, if authentic, were related to NSA monitoring of SWIFT transfers since 2013.\nSome of the documents released by the Shadow Brokers were dated 2013, but others were not dated. The documents released by the hackers did not clearly indicate whether the NSA had actually used all the techniques cited for monitoring SWIFT messages.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Former National Security Agency contractor Edward Snowden, center, speaks via video conference to people in the Johns Hopkins University auditorium in Baltimore, Feb. 17, 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/2AE888F5-5375-41C1-AA6C-6D4312ED3AC6.jpg",
        "id": "24705_4",
        "answer": [
            "said the NSA had been able to monitor SWIFT messages"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Edward Snowden"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_14_3810884",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_14_3810884_4"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who condemned the practice on the sign in the image?",
        "context": "UN: Harmful Traditional Practice of Female Genital Mutilation Must End\nGENEVA \u2014\u00a0\nLeading United Nations and humanitarian organizations have called for an end to female genital mutilation, a traditional practice that causes physical harm and extreme emotional trauma to tens of millions of girls and women around the world.\nNearly 200 million girls and women are living with the traumatic consequences of female genital mutilation. The United Nations reports an additional three million girls, most under the age of 15, are mutilated every year.\nU.N. agencies report half of all women and girls have been cut in three countries \u2014 Egypt, Ethiopia, and Indonesia. They add that the highest prevalence of FGM among girls ages 14 and under is found in Gambia, Mauritania and Indonesia.\nFILE - A Masai girl holds a protest sign during anti-Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) run in Kilgoris, Kenya.\nAdebisi Adebayo, program adviser to the U.N. Inter-African Committee on Traditional Practices, told VOA that female genital mutilation, which has no formal basis in religion, persists because of social and cultural pressure.\n\"In some communities, it is a requirement for girls to pass into womanhood,\" Adebayo said. \"It is a requirement for them to be eligible for marriage. In some communities, like in Kenya and I think also in Edu, which is in the southwestern part of Nigeria, a girl that is not cut is not marriageable. And that is when you find an adult lady willingly submitting herself to be cut.\"\nAdebayo said in some communities in Liberia and Sierra Leone, women who have not undergone this procedure will not be socially recognized.\n\"If a woman is not cut, she has no say in society. She cannot belong to the highest women's group in the country,\" she said. \"Women that are not cut will be made fun of and stigmatized. ... Families are so ashamed that they will do everything to enforce that.\"\nFemale genital mutilation involves the partial or total removal of the external female genitalia for non-medical reasons. The procedure can cause severe bleeding, as well as problems urinating, infections, and even death. It also can create complications in childbirth and increases the risk of newborn deaths.\nFGM has usually been carried out by female circumcisers. In many places, however, health care providers perform FGM. Cristina Catherine Pallitto, a scientist and expert in FGM at WHO, said doctors often carry out this procedure in the mistaken belief that they are reducing harm.\n\"They believe it is dangerous,\" she said. \"They have heard the messages that there are health consequences and if it is done in unsterile conditions it does bring greater risk. However, we do argue that any kind of cutting and the medicalization of that in any sense is against their medical ethics and that the harms, definitely, outweigh the benefits.\"\nFILE - \u0410 traditional surgeon is seen holding razor blades used to carry out female circumcision, also known as female genital mutilation.\nMaking progress\nThe U.N. Population Fund and U.N. Children's Fund have been supporting 17 countries in a Joint Program on Female Genital Mutilation since 2008.\nAlfonso Barraques, Director of the UNFPA Geneva Liaison Office, noted the program is achieving results and that last year, 2,906 communities across 15 countries and 10,080 families in Egypt have publicly declared that they were abandoning FGM.\n\"We have seen in the program a rapid decline in the practice of FGM in places like Burkina Faso, Kenya, Liberia and Egypt, and in some regions of Ethiopia and Senegal as well,\" he said.\nDespite that, he noted that the problems \"of political instability, fragility and insecurity\" in some of these countries have affected the normal implementation of this program.\nAs part of the Sustainable Development Goals, the United Nations has called for an end to FGM by 2030. For this to occur, U.N. officials have agreed that faster action is needed to build on the progress that has been made.\nThey said this meant governments must enact and enforce laws and policies that \"protect the rights of girls and women and prevent FGM,\" that those at risk have greater access to support services, and that families and communities take action and refuse to permit their girls to undergo the practice.\nBarraques noted that FGM is not just a woman's issue. Men also have an important role to play, he said.\n\"It is important to get men and boys engaged in addressing the practice, in speaking up and in making their communities understand that FGM was harmful,\" he said.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A Masai girl holds a protest sign during anti-Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) run in Kilgoris, Kenya.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F6B3E63D-6D97-4EA3-8BC6-8159DF23CD68.jpg",
        "id": "4898_2",
        "answer": [
            "United Nations and humanitarian organizations"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Female Genital Mutilation"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_06_3708326",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_06_3708326_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the individuals on the image gather for?",
        "context": "Conservative Activists Hold Muted Rallies in Washington \nConservative activists held a pair of rallies in Washington on Sunday to decry the handful of celebrities who have joked about violence against President Donald Trump and to protest efforts to stop contentious speakers at colleges.\nBoth rallies attracted only a few dozen supporters, with nearly as many counterprotesters at one of the events on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial. That contrasted with recent marches that have filled U.S. cities with hundreds of thousands of people protesting Trump policies they believe harm immigrants, women and other groups.\nRichard Spencer, an avowed white nationalist and founder of the so-called \"alt-right\" movement, drew about 100 supporters to the rally at the Lincoln Memorial, a monument to the president associated with the end of slavery in the United States.\nIn remarks to reporters before his speech, Spencer said he was disappointed with Trump's presidency so far, and was waiting for the president to enact the policies he promised during his campaign.\n\"Where's the Muslim ban?\" said Spencer, who following Trump's election victory was filmed saying \"Hail Trump\" and drawing Nazi-like salutes at a conference. \"Where's the wall?\" he added, referring to Trump's plan to increase barriers along the U.S. border with Mexico.\nAs Spencer addressed the crowd, two protestors unfurled a banner in front of him that read: \"NO LONGER SILENT WE WILL BE HEARD.\"\nSpeakers led the crowd in chants of \"Unite the Right,\" as counter-protesters heckled from the sidelines.\nA short distance away in front of the White House, Trump supporters gathered to denounce celebrities such as the comedian Kathy Griffin and the actor Johnny Depp, who have both made joking allusions to Trump being assassinated. Both celebrities have apologized.\nAmong the scheduled speakers was Michael Flynn Jr., the son of retired Lieutenant General Michael Flynn, who briefly served as Trump's national security adviser before being fired, and Roger Stone, a longtime Trump adviser. Stone withdrew, citing security concerns.\nSpeakers at the rally said they were also angered by a recent production of Shakespeare's \"Julius Caesar\" in New York City's Central Park for its portrayal of the assassinated Roman ruler as a Trump-like blond populist in a business suit.\n\"We're here for peace,\" Jack Posobiec, a prominent alt-right activist, told a few dozen supporters at the rally. He said the examples of Griffin and Depp showed the left was \"normalizing\" violence against the right.\n\"It needs to stop,\" he said.\n",
        "caption": "Stewart Rhodes, founder of the citizen militia group known as the Oath Keepers, center, speaks during a rally outside the White House in Washington, June 25, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/702FC733-F5E3-49C0-A123-A6BA4DD8D694.jpg",
        "id": "1428_1",
        "answer": [
            "to decry the handful of celebrities who have joked about violence"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Conservative activists"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_25_3915336",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_25_3915336_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What virtues must the people in the image follow?",
        "context": "Ramadan Fasting Seen as Means of 'Recharging Spiritual Batteries'\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nThe Muslim holy month of Ramadan is under way, and many of the world\u2019s nearly 1.5 billion believers are taking part in this time of fasting and reflection, which constitutes one of the five pillars of Islam \u2014 the basic acts required of every member of the faith.\nSome non-Muslims express curiosity about one part of the observance: fasting.\nWATCH : Muslims Derive Spiritual Benefit From Ramadan Fasting\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nMuslims Derive Spiritual Benefit From Ramadan Fasting\nShare this video\n0:02:10\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:10\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 6.3MB\n360p | 10.1MB\n720p | 61.2MB\n\u201cSome people always say, \u2018Oh, you don\u2019t eat for an entire month?\u2019 No, you eat during the month but you eat at nighttime, not in the daytime. And that means no food, no water, no smoking, which is sometimes most difficult for the smokers, even more so than the eating,\u201d Ibrahim Hooper, of the Council on American-Islamic Relations in Washington, told VOA. \nAside from the not eating and drinking, he adds, there is a spiritual benefit in fasting.\n\u201cMuslims see it as recharging spiritual batteries that get depleted throughout the year. ... It teaches compassion for those who are less fortunate, those who can\u2019t eat or drink through no choice of their own,\" Hooper said. \"When you come upon a situation where you can help someone in that situation, you are far more likely to help them if you\u2019ve experienced that.\u201d\nThe young and elderly, pregnant or nursing women, the sick, and travelers have the right not to fast, although they have a duty to observe Ramadan as soon as they are able to.\nBreaking fast with iftar\nEvery day during the holy month, as the sun goes down, the faithful break their fast with iftar, a ritual meal, often with friends and family.\nIn Sudan\u2019s capital, Khartoum, Fatma Mohamed prepares assida, a porridgelike food served with stews. \n\u201cAssida is the main meal of the iftar during the month of Ramadan. It is eaten just after breaking the fast, because it is good and useful for the stomach. It is made from corn flour,\u201d she said.\nFood prices up\nThe focus on iftar can drive up food prices sharply. \nIn Pakistan\u2019s Swat Valley, shopkeeper Khair Ul Bashar told VOA that goods cost him more during Ramadan, so he has to pass those higher costs on to his customers. \n\u201cCompared to last year, prices of edibles have increased by roughly 50 percent this year,\u201d he said. \u201cWith the arrival of Ramadan, prices go up and that considerably affects our business.\u201d\nA Pakistani shopper who spoke with a VOA reporter said: \u201cWe see that in other communities when there is such a major event \u2014 Christmas, for example \u2014 then prices are lowered. But every year during Ramadan, we face price hikes in the commodities we buy daily.\u201d\nMany residents of the predominantly Kurdish city of Qamislo, in northern Syria, also complain about high prices.\n\u201cNot everybody is rich here. Fruits and vegetables are too expensive. Tomatoes, cucumbers are expensive. There is no control over prices,\u201d a passing shopper told VOA at a busy market. \u201cThere should be controls over the market, especially on tea, coffee and sugar.\u201d\nBangladeshi Muslims offer prayers on the first Friday of Ramadan in Dhaka, Bangladesh, June 2, 2017. Muslims throughout the world are celebrating the holy fasting month of Ramadan.\nCharitable neighbors\nYet despite the hardships, and often with the help of charitable neighbors, most are able to enjoy the community and spirituality of these holy days.\nThe first day of Ramadan is determined by the sighting of the crescent moon. The monthlong observance ends with a three-day festival, the feast of Eid al-Fitr, one of Islam\u2019s major holidays and celebrations.\n",
        "caption": "Bangladeshi Muslims offer prayers on the first Friday of Ramadan in Dhaka, Bangladesh, June 2, 2017. Muslims throughout the world are celebrating the holy fasting month of Ramadan.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/0C800F71-45CD-4A61-9A2B-27D338F11D32.jpg",
        "id": "26634_2",
        "answer": [
            "the five pillars of Islam"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Muslim"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_03_3885339",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_03_3885339_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What warning has the man standing by the red flag offered about single-sided choices",
        "context": "Tensions Rise Over Race to Explore Cyprus' Gas Resources \nISTANBUL \u2014\u00a0\nTurkey has deployed warships to Cypriot waters in the latest escalation over contested gas exploration rights.\n\u201cTurkey is determined to protect both its own rights and interests in its continental shelf and to continue its support to the Turkish Cypriot side,\u201d said a toughly worded statement by the Turkish Foreign Ministry late Thursday.\nTwo Turkish frigates and a submarine are reportedly monitoring the exploration ship West Capella. The ship, contracted by France's Total and Italy's ENI, started drilling on July 12 under an exploration license granted by the Greek Cypriot government. Since 1974, Cyprus has been divided between Greek and Turkish Cypriot communities after a Turkish invasion following a Greek-inspired coup.\nThe Greek Cypriot administration is the only internationally recognized government, but Ankara maintains the Turkish Cypriots must have a say in the exploration and development of what is believed to be the island's considerable energy resources.\n\u201cWe cannot remain indifferent to these kinds of unilateral actions,\u201d warned Turkish Foreign Minister Mevl\u00fct Cavusoglu at a press conference Thursday. \u201cAt the moment, we are planning the steps we will take with our Energy Ministry.\u201d\nU.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson, left, meets with Turkish Foreign Minister Mevlut Cavusoglu in Istanbul, Turkey, July 9, 2017.\nGreek Cypriot reaction unclear\nNicosia sought to play down tensions. \u201cWe are prepared for various scenarios,\" said Greek Cypriot Energy Minister George Lakkotrypis. \u201cOur perception is that Turkey will continue to challenge us one way or the other,\u201d he said, adding, \u201cIt is more appropriate to focus on what we do, and the best answer is to keep a low tone and respond, through our actions at sea.\u201d \nHow the Greek Cypriots will react at sea remains unclear. The Greek Cypriot side, which is a member of the European Union, is seen to be in a diplomatically powerful position. Greek Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras, a close ally, gave unequivocal support to Nicosia this week, dismissing Turkish threats toward the Greek Cypriots.\n\u201cI remember a saying that I always keep in my mind, that the best guard dog is not the one that barks \u2026 good guard dogs don't need to bark,\u201d Tsipras said Thursday. \u201cWe don't bark that much, but, I believe, we effectively defend our country's sovereign rights.\u201d\nTurkey's Foreign Ministry dismissed the remarks, saying top Greek politicians should \u201cshow a responsible stance in issues regarding Turkey.\u201d\nTurkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan arrives to greet European Council President Donald Tusk before a meeting at the European Council in Brussels, Belgium, May 25, 2017.\nBoth sides need to benefit\nThe dispute over exploiting the island's gas reserves threatens to embroil international energy giants. \u201cEnergy companies who involve themselves in irresponsible steps taken by the Greek Cypriot side can never be met with understanding,\u201d said Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan at the World Petroleum Conference in Istanbul. \u201cThey could lose a friend in Turkey.\u201d\n\u201cTurkey made it clear on every occasion these energy resources around the island, they are the resources of both sides,\" said former Turkish Ambassador Mithat Rende, who is an expert on eastern Mediterranean energy issues. \u201cThey [Greek and Turkish Cypriots] have to sit together and have to probably establish a committee on how to benefit from the resources. The Turkish side made clear that what is unilaterally done is totally unacceptable.\u201d\nObservers point out the Greek Cypriots may be reluctant to take such a step, as it could be viewed as a move toward legitimizing the Turkish Cypriot administration and undermining Nicosia's sole status as the only internationally recognized government.\nThe risk of direct confrontation over the current gas exploration is minimized because it is being carried out in waters off the Greek Cypriot side of the island. Future explorations carry greater risks. \"The Turkish Cypriots have licensed blocks [areas of sea] to a Turkish petroleum company to explore, and these blocks overlap areas being explored by the Greek Cypriots,\u201d said Rende.\nBoth sides being blamed\nThe growing dispute over energy exploration erupted days after the collapse of U.N.-backed reunification talks. Already Ankara is crying foul. \u201cInstead of focusing on a solution, they have launched an exploration in a bid to provoke these talks. It's because of their insincerity that the 10-day-long talks did not lead to any results,\u201d Cavusoglu said.\nBoth sides are engaged in blaming one another for the failure of the talks. The Mediterranean island's massive energy potential had been touted as a powerful incentive to unification efforts, but now it only threatens to exacerbate divisions.\n\u201cWhile the oil and gas in the region in the eastern Mediterranean and the discoveries are very important, and to have Turkey as an outlet for this to Europe is very important to Ankara, there has to be a political settlement [on Cyprus] before the economic side benefits kick in,\u201d said veteran Cyprus watcher Semih Idiz, a columnist with Turkey's Al-Monitor website.\n",
        "caption": "U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson, left, meets with Turkish Foreign Minister Mevlut Cavusoglu in Istanbul, Turkey, July 9, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/66011179-93C6-4665-A83E-27EEB092D06E.jpg",
        "id": "13122_2",
        "answer": [
            "\"We cannot remain indifferent to these kinds of unilateral actions,\""
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Mevl\u00fct Cavusoglu"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_14_3944688",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_14_3944688_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where do the people in the image work?",
        "context": "Thai PM Halts Migrant Labor Law After Protests\nBANGKOK \u2014\u00a0\nThailand\u2019s military government has been forced to set a six-month grace period for new migrant labor laws with harsh penalties, after protests and panic among workers and employers.\nMigrant labor has a crucial place in the Thai economy, with up to 2.7 million workers from neighboring Myanmar, Laos, and Cambodia working in fisheries, construction, agriculture, and processing.\nBut a June 23 government decree came with little prior public consultation with workers, trade unions or employers, leading to a rush by workers back to their home countries and crowded bus stations and border checkpoints.\nThe decree, part of Thai efforts to control unregulated labor in the country, set out harsh penalties, including prison terms and penalties on undocumented workers of up to $2,700. A minimum wage for a migrant worker is about $200 a month.\nEmployers were also targeted with fines of more than $23,000 for each illegal worker found on their premises.\nLaw causes panic\nSinapan Samydorai, convenor for Singapore based ASEAN Migrant Workers Task Force, said thousands of migrant workers had fled to their home countries. Thai labor rights groups say more than 100,000 migrant workers left Thailand since June 23.\n\"The whole attention is not about preventing, but punishing the workers who are employed undocumented or those who don\u2019t have [ID] cards and permits from the proper offices. That led to a scrambling of workers returning back to Cambodia, Myanmar \u2013 returning back in large numbers. And that was a panicking situation,\u201d Samydorai told VOA.\nThai Prime Minister, Prayut Chan-o-cha, on Tuesday announced a 180-day grace period though the use of a special executive decree to delay the introduction of the labor law.\nPanitan Wattanayagorn, an advisor to Deputy Prime Minister, Prawit Wongsuwan, said positive elements of the decree included protecting migrant worker and employers\u2019 rights, but there were \u201cvery strict punishment for violations\u201d.\nPanitan said implementation of the law was key and related government agencies were being called on to provide solutions during the six month transition period.\n\"The implementation of it [the decree] has to be coordinated between different ministries, between the Labor Ministry, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Ministry of Interior and lastly in the interim period, there will be impacts on the implementation of the law,\u201d he told VOA.\nLoss of workers\nThe business sector has been hard hit by the decree as employees fled or were sacked by companies over fears of prosecution.\nIn Cambodia, officials shut down more than 40 border crossings into Thailand, arguing it was to prevent Cambodians from entering Thailand and facing punishment. Thai farmers, who routinely pick up Cambodian day laborers on the border, were forced to leave empty handed after the gates were closed.\nOn the Thai-Myanmar border two police checkpoints were closed amid allegations Thai police were extorting bribes from migrant workers.\nMyanmar migrant workers sort shrimp at a wholesale market for shrimp and other seafood in Mahachai, in Samut Sakhon province, Thailand, July 4, 2017.\nBoonthai Chailert, president of the Chiang Mai Tourism Business Association, said the laws created problems for small businesses, including tourism in the Northern provinces. His main concern is the workers will not return.\n\u201cThey go out; they go back to Myanmar, or to Cambodia or to Laos. They don\u2019t come back again because in Myanmar and Cambodia or Laos their country is developing. They have the [experience] in Thailand. They go back, and I think the policy of the Thai government is a very, very [big] mistake,\u201d said Boonthai.\nBut major Thai industrial employers of migrant workers said they supported the legislation with employees already covered and registered.\nConsultation and coordination needed\nThailand has been working with the U.N. International Labor Organization to create formal registrations for migrant workers, with labor agreements with Cambodia, Myanmar and Laos.\nBut Nilim Baruah, a senior ILO research specialist, said while parts of the law were welcomed, a drawback was a lack of consultation.\n\u201cThe problem is that there was no consultation in the final draft law or with the employers, with trade unions, with NGOs [civil society] or even with the ILO. It would have been much better to have a consultation, a public hearing that they are planning to do now,\u201d said Baruah.\nHe called for a review of the high penalty rates and prison terms and an easing of restrictions on migrant labor mobility.\nThe Thai labor reforms covering migrant workers come as Thailand was recently informed it remained in tier 2 on the U.S Trafficking in Persons watch list.\nLabor Minister, Sirichai Distakul, said the new law\u2019s penalties were in accordance with laws linked to human trafficking and child labor.\nBut labor rights activists say the concerns remain the law will open the way for official corruption by local officials.\n",
        "caption": "A group of Myanmar migrant workers cross the border between Thailand and Myanmar near the Thai port city of Ranong, July 3, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/3DC6EB77-FEB7-4511-812E-881E8B4A34D7.jpg",
        "id": "20599_1",
        "answer": [
            "fisheries, construction, agriculture, and processing",
            "Thailand"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Myanmar migrant workers",
            "Migrant"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_05_3929007",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_05_3929007_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Why are some people unhappy of the people in the image?",
        "context": "Turkey Feels Strain as World's Largest Host of Refugees \nISTANBUL \u2014\u00a0\nThis U.N. World Refugee Day sees Turkey designated for the third consecutive year as the country that hosts the most refugees.While Ankara continues to stand by its policy of welcoming refugees, tensions within the country appear to be on the rise.\nOn Sunday, a factory dispute involving the factory owner and Syrian employees triggered rising hostilities between Syrians and Turks, along with violence that raged into the night in a suburb of the western city of Sakarya.\nIn this June 13, 2017 photo, Syrians living in Turkey wait to cross into Syria at the Oncupinar border crossing, near the town of Kilis, Turkey.\n3 million Syrians in Turkey\nThere appears to be little remorse among some of those who took part in the violence.\n\u201cThese Syrians attacked the factory buses and burned down cars,\u201d explained one young man who was on the scene. \u201cWe also heard that the Syrians harassed girls, so me and a number of Turks came together, walked to a Syrian neighborhood and started to beat whomever came our way. Then we went to another area and beat more people. Some had their faces really quite damaged. Then the police came and we got beaten by them.\u201d\nThe majority of the 3 million Syrians in Turkey live outside refugee camps. Many eke out a living in the main cities and the more prosperous western provinces.\nTurkish President Tayyip Erdogan delivers a speech during a fast-breaking iftar dinner at the 1. Commando Brigade in Kayseri, Turkey, June 8, 2017.\nOpen threats to Syrians\nMost cities and towns now have large Syrian populations and in many of them, tensions have been rising for some time.\n\u201cWe have witnessed in different neighborhoods in Istanbul, but also in the south of Turkey, where the Syrians are concentrated, in fact, there are very open threats to the Syrians,\u201d warned Professor Ahmet Icduygu, an expert on migration at Istanbul's Koc University. \u201cThere were fights going and discrimination going on. And there is already debate, like in other Western countries, that they are taking our jobs, and also quite direct attacks to the Syrians, etcetera, still there ... a kind of tension growing.\u201d\nAnkara's policy of providing welfare to the refugees, including free health care and education, also has added to the resentment.\n\u201cThey [Syrians] are getting some privileges that Turks don't get, such Syrian students can go directly to university without paying,\u201d notes Icduygu. President Recep Tayyip Erdogan said the cost to Turkey of hosting the refugees had surpassed $25 billion.\nTensions are now being exacerbated by rising unemployment \u2014 particularly among the young \u2014 running at more than 23 percent, which is close to being decade high.\nStabbing death results in riots\nLast month, Istanbul, which is home to the largest Syrian population, witnessed some of the worst violence. Days of violent clashes against Syrians in an Istanbul suburb occurred after Syrian and Afghan refugees allegedly stabbed to death a Turkish youth who was trying to prevent the youngsters from harassing a girl. The violence was only quelled by a large police intervention involving water-cannon trucks and armored cars, and the evacuation of scores of Syrians from the district.\nSalih Arslan, the uncle of the murdered Turkish youth, voiced frustration that the concerns of Turkish residents are being ignored.\n\u201cThese incidents and events happen all the time, though we always make complaints, nobody stops them,\u201d said Arslan.\n\u201cOn Sundays we can't go and sit in the parks with our families. Syrians come in groups of 20 to 30 and then you feel yourself in the middle of an Arab country. They stabbed the heart of my young nephew. And those who commit these crimes go without punishment because these people don't even have registration papers,\u201d he added.\nSecretary-General Ant\u00f3nio Guterres, center, accompanied by U.N. spokesman St\u00e9phane Dujarric, left, and Ninette Kelley, director of the U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees, speaks to U.N. correspondents on World Refugee Day at U.N. headquarters in New York.\nArabic signs removed\nIn the southern city of Adana, authorities have removed many Arabic signs in a bid to lower the visible presence of Syrians, but the government defends its policy of offering sanctuary, with Foreign Minister Mevlut Cavusoglu vowing no change in policy.\nErdogan's foreign affairs spokesman tweeted, \"On this #WorldRefugeeDay, Turkey hosts the largest number of refugees in the world. This is not a burden but a badge of honor for us.\u201d\nBut with thousands of refugees returning to Syria, albeit temporarily for the coming Eid religious holiday, analysts suggest that Ankara is hoping this could be a sign the burgeoning refugee crisis might be starting to ease.\n",
        "caption": "Syrian refugees attend the launch of an education program in Ankara, Turkey, June 8, 2017. Turkey, the European Union and UNICEF formally launched an EU-funded project to encourage Syrians and other refugees in Turkey to enroll their children in schools.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/6F0DEC82-E8C1-4C85-9073-B91979018164.jpg",
        "id": "2677_1",
        "answer": [
            "They [Syrians] are getting some privileges that Turks don't get"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Syrian"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_20_3908866",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_20_3908866_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What has been deadly for the people in the image?",
        "context": "US Drone in Syria Takes Out al-Qaida's Deputy Leader\nA drone attack in northern Syria, part of a series of recent strikes by the United States in and around the province of Idlib, killed a top al-Qaida leader who had participated in the planning for the 9/11 attacks on New York and Washington.\nSeveral hours after the drone strike Sunday, jihadists confirmed on several websites the death of Abu al-Khayr al-Masri, who was appointed a deputy leader of the terror group last year.\nA close confidante of al-Qaida's emir Ayman al-Zawahiri, a fellow Egyptian, as well as the husband of one of Osama bin Laden's daughters, the 59-year-old al-Masri was killed by a missile that struck a small car in which he was traveling. U.S. officials have confirmed the strike, but won't say who was being targeted.\nVideo posted online by jihadists showed a four-door Kia sedan destroyed by the roadside. There was a large hole in its roof.\nThe news of his death was first reported by analyst Charles Lister, author of the book The Syrian Jihad. He described the death as \"big news,\" pointing out that the dead jihadist was a member of the terror group's secretive Shura Council since its formation in the late 1980s.\n\"Abu al-Khayr al-Masri was jihadi royalty of the highest pedigree,\" Lister said. \"Abu al-Khayr personally hosted the meeting in which al-Qaida planned the 9/11 attacks.\n\"His arrival in Syria in mid-2015 heralded al-Qaida central leadership's pivot to Syria as its key global safe haven,\" Lister said.\nFILE - This file photo posted on the Twitter page of Syria's al-Qaida-linked Nusra Front on April 1, 2016, shows fighters from al-Qaida's branch in Syria, the Nusra Front.\nLoyal fighter\nAbu al-Khayr fought alongside bin Laden in Afghanistan and spent more than 10 years in detention in Iran, fleeing there after the U.S. invasion of Afghanistan. According to the Long War Journal, an online publication of the Washington-based Foundation for the Defense of Democracies, he was released in 2015 for an Iranian diplomat who had been kidnapped in Yemen.\nAfter a brief sojourn in Iraq, he was sent to Syria to join up with an advance guard of al-Qaida veterans sent to the war-torn country by al-Zawahiri to assist in the grooming of a local jihadist group, Jabhat al-Nusra, and to form an independent organization, which some Western officials dubbed Khorasan.\nIn July 2016, Abu al-Khayr al-Masri released an audio message in support of the Syrian jihadist group Jabhat al-Nusra, breaking with al-Qaida, a break approved publicly by al-Zawahiri.\nThe break was seen by U.S. and British intelligence officials as a ploy, part of a makeover for the Syrian jihadist group that would make it more appealing to Syrian rebels battling to oust Syrian President Bashar al-Assad.\nU.S. Central Command Chief Gen. Joseph Votel portrayed the break as a public relations gambit. \"At the core of it, they are still al-Qaida,\" he told a security forum in Aspen, Colorado, last year.\nThe U.S. government designated al-Masri an al-Qaida associate in October 2005. The Treasury Department said he was born Abdullah Muhammad Rajab abd al-Rahman in 1957 in the Egyptian town of Kafr al-Shaykh. Analysts say he fought in Egypt, Bosnia and Pakistan.\nChildren stand on a balcony of a damaged building at a site hit at dawn by an airstrike in the rebel-controlled town of Ariha in Idlib province, Syria, Feb. 27, 2017.\nAnother target\nEarlier this month, the Pentagon announced a U.S. drone strike killed another core al-Qaida leader with ties to Ayman al-Zawahiri, Abu Hani al-Masri. He was the fourth al-Qaida veteran the U.S. claimed it had targeted this year. He was killed while riding in a vehicle near Idlib, a defense official told VOA.\nU.S.-led coalition airstrikes have killed more than 100 jihadist fighters in northern Syria in recent weeks. Some have been members of the former Jabhat al-Nusra, which merged last month with four other militias and has been renamed Tahrir al-Sham; while others have been part of the Khorasan group. Jihadists in January accused more moderate Islamist and secular based groups of supplying targeting information to the U.S.\nTahrir al-Sham is locally focused, Lister said. But the Khorasan group has been preparing the ground for attacks on the West.\n\"Ultimately, this is what al-Zawahiri always dreamed about for Syria \u2014 the creation of safe bases' from which the far enemy could be threatened thanks to preparatory work undertaken by a locally focused affiliate,\" Lister said.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - This file photo posted on the Twitter page of Syria's al-Qaida-linked Nusra Front on April 1, 2016, shows fighters from al-Qaida's branch in Syria, the Nusra Front.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/AC372F7D-2749-478C-BF14-00B5F1C8084D.jpg",
        "id": "21401_2",
        "answer": [
            "U.S.-led coalition airstrikes",
            "None",
            "recent strikes by the United States"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "fighters from al-Qaida's branch in Syria, the Nusra Front",
            "fighters"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_27_3742434",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_27_3742434_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person with the pink tie in the image do?",
        "context": "Germany Urges Kosovo to Pass Border Deal with Montenegro\nPRISTINA, KOSOVO \u2014\u00a0\nGermany's foreign minister urged Kosovo's political parties Thursday to approve the border demarcation agreement with Montenegro to end their status as the only Western Balkan country without free travel rights in Schengen zone countries.\nMinister Sigmar Gabriel was in Pristina on Thursday as part of his regional tour.\nOpposition parties say Kosovo loses territory in the border agreement signed two years ago, and have blocked the governing coalition from ratifying the deal by continuously disrupting parliament.\nU.S. Senator John McCain also visited Kosovo on Thursday, urging Pristina to resume its dialogue with Serbia, saying that's the only way to a prosperous and safe future.\nU.S. Senator John McCain addresses Kosovo lawmakers during his visit to Pristina, April 13, 2017.\n\"Taking ahead the dialogue ... is in Kosovars' and Serbs' interest, vital for their joint European future and for the stability of southeastern Europe,\" McCain said in a speech at the parliament.\nGabriel, who was in Serbia a day earlier, advised Kosovo and Serbia to continue their talks and \"first of all to avoid provocations; second, to accept the reality; third, to care about how to make life easier for the people. This has to be the focus of the negotiations.\"\nKosovo declared independence from Serbia in 2008. It has been recognized by 114 countries but not by Serbia. Their relations have been especially tense since December following a series of provocations.\nMcCain assured lawmakers that \"a U.S. commitment for a complete, free and peaceful Europe has not changed.\"\nGabriel and McCain also called on Kosovo's ethnic Albanian leaders to cooperate and convince the country's Serb minority to approve the creation of the country's armed forces.\n\"Kosovo, like all other sovereign states, has the right to form an army but it should not be used to raise the emotional tensions,\" said Gabriel.\nKosovo President Hashim Thaci sent a draft law to parliament last month to transform the nation's security force into a regular army, sparking concerns at NATO and the United States. \nThaci bowed to international pressure and agreed to postpone the army transformation.\n",
        "caption": "German Foreign Minister Sigmar Gabriel, left, gestures next to Kosovo's Prime Minister Isa Mustafa during a press conference in Kosovo's capital Pristina, April 13, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/679F9CF0-9E17-4EBF-8F1F-EDAB7B46C3E0.jpg",
        "id": "15161_1",
        "answer": [
            "advised Kosovo and Serbia to continue their talks",
            "urged Kosovo's political parties Thursday to approve the border demarcation agreement with Montenegro to end their status as the only Western Balkan country without free travel rights in Schengen zone countries",
            "advised Kosovo and Serbia to continue their talks and \"first of all to avoid provocations; second, to accept the reality; third, to care about how to make life easier for the people"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Gabriel",
            "German Foreign Minister Sigmar Gabriel"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_13_3809239",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_13_3809239_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What policy does the man in the center of the image disagree with?",
        "context": "US Senator Pushes Back Against Trump's Proposed Foreign Aid Cuts\nBIDI BIDI CAMP, UGANDA \u2014\u00a0\nFace-to-face with victims of South Sudan's famine and civil war, the Republican chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee strongly defended U.S. foreign aid on Friday despite President Donald Trump's proposed deep cuts in humanitarian assistance.\nSenator Bob Corker of Tennessee visited the world's fastest-growing refugee crisis in northern Uganda, just across the border from South Sudan, in a pointed response to Trump's \"America First\" platform that would slash funds for diplomacy and foreign aid.\nWithout \"U.S. leadership, these people would have no hope,\" Corker told The Associated Press in an interview. \"I think Americans, if they saw what I see here, and I see in other places, would be glad that our country does what it does.\"\nTennessee Republican Sen. Bob Corker, right, speaks with an official from the World Food Program at the Bidi Bidi refugee settlement in Uganda , April 14, 2017.\nThe Senate Foreign Relations Committee holds significant sway over the foreign budget, and the proposed cuts almost certainly would need Corker's approval.\nMore for military\nThe United States is the world's largest provider of humanitarian assistance and in 2016 gave roughly $2.8 billion in food aid, but the Trump administration has thrown such funding into doubt. At the same time, Trump wants to boost military spending.\nAt the Bidi Bidi refugee settlement, Corker served food to South Sudanese who recently fled fighting in the East African nation, where the United Nations has warned of ethnic cleansing.\nA grandmother in a flowing green dress huddled with five of her grandchildren, clutching metal cups of food. The family had walked two weeks to arrive at the refugee camp. Nearby sat a woman with a gaping bullet wound in her ankle.\n\"The 1 percent that we spend on diplomacy and assistance, if we spend it wisely, then the expectations are that the men and women that we love so much in uniform are less likely to get into a hot war or in harm's way,\" Corker said.\nA child looks up while U.S. Sen. Bob Corker, center left, speaks to recent refugees from South Sudan at a registration center in Bidi Bidi, Uganda, April 14, 2017.\nTrump's proposed budget, announced in March, would cut 28 percent of the budget for foreign aid and diplomacy. The budget plan, which still needs approval by Congress, would put pressure on all nearly all foreign aid, according to U.S. officials.\nMore spending at home\nThe budget would \"spend less money on people overseas and more money on people back home,\" Mick Mulvaney, the president's budget director, said last month after the plan was announced.\nFew countries are likely to suffer as much as South Sudan if Trump's budget is approved. The country is one of the largest recipients of U.S. foreign aid, receiving more than $2 billion from 2014 to 2017.\nThe world's youngest nation was plunged into civil war in December 2013, and the fighting contributed to desperate conditions that led the U.N. to declare a famine in February. Roughly 1 million people are said to be on the brink of starvation.\nOn Friday, South Sudanese refugees told Corker stories of misery. One man described how his hometown of Yei has been ripped apart by ethnic fighting. A woman told Corker how she was raped during her trek to Uganda. And throughout the day, Corker heard the same message again and again.\nU.S. Sen. Bob Corker, left, speaks with a woman who has recently arrived from South Sudan, at a registration center in northern Uganda for South Sudanese refugees, April 14, 2017.\n\"They are giving us little food,\" the woman said. \"Food. Food. Food.\"\n\"I don't know what the answer is when you have brutal leaders who care nothing about the people that they are to govern and are willing to allow their soldiers, their men, to rape, kill, to terrorize people,\" Corker told the AP.\nStarvation for 20 million\nThe United Nations says South Sudan is part of the largest humanitarian crisis since World War II, along with Nigeria, Somalia and Yemen. The U.N. estimates that 20 million people could starve.\nSurrounded by refugees, Corker did not outright criticize Trump's proposed budget, but he outlined an alternative vision of foreign assistance.\nCorker said there is no doubt Trump's proposed humanitarian and diplomacy cuts are drastic, but added that \"I've never seen a president's budget ever come along\" without changes.\nThe senator did not say what the foreign aid budget would be, but he proposed reforms to a law that requires foreign food aid to be grown in the United States and shipped under an American flag.\nHe blamed a \"cartel in Washington\" of maritime companies and \"a small group of people in Washington\" that cause fewer people to be fed. Instead, he said that allowing food aid to be grown closer to the site of a crisis and shipped under any flag would be cheaper and more efficient.\n\"It's taken in some cases six months for those products to actually get here,\" Corker said.\n",
        "caption": "U.S. Sen. Bob Corker, center, speaks to recent refugees from South Sudan at a registration center in Bidi Bidi, Uganda, April 14 2017. Corker, the Republican chairman of the Foreign Relations Committee, defended U.S. foreign assistance while visiting the world's fastest- growing refugee crisis in northern Uganda, just across the border from war-torn South Sudan.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/9135242C-53A2-4A04-89C8-EC95FE39B57E.jpg",
        "id": "26451_1",
        "answer": [
            "Trump's \"America First\" platform that would slash funds for diplomacy and foreign aid"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Senator Bob Corker "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_14_3810891",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_14_3810891_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person wearing glasses in the image stress the need for?",
        "context": "Spain, Brazil Want EU-Mercosur Deal, Worry About Venezuela\nBRASILIA \u2014\u00a0\nThe governments of Spain and Brazil on Monday reinforced their commitment to completing a trade pact between the European Union and South American trade bloc Mercosur despite protectionist sentiments.\nOn a two-day visit to Brazil, Spanish Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy said he agreed with Brazilian President Michel Temer about the need to wrap up a trade deal that has taken more than 15 years to negotiate.\nRajoy also called for elections as the only way to reach a negotiated solution to the political crisis in Venezuela, expressing \u201cdeep concern\u201d over the volatile situation in the neighboring country.\n\u201cWe agree that given the degree of confrontation and the volatility of the situation, a negotiated solution is needed, and it must inevitably involve giving back to the Venezuelan people their voice,\u201d he said.\nRajoy is heading a large delegation of Spanish businessmen who are looking for investment opportunities in Brazilian banking, energy, water and infrastructure sectors.\nSpain backs deal\nBrazil is the third-most important market for Spanish investors, who account for the second largest stock of foreign investment in the South American nation after the United States.\nSpain is one of the strongest backers of an accord to lower trade barriers between the European Union and Mercosur members Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay and Paraguay. Negotiations have been delayed for years by the reluctance of European farmers and Mercosur manufacturers to face competition.\n\u201cSpain has always been and will continue to be a firm supporter of the agreement,\u201d Rajoy said after meeting Temer. \u201cIn these moments in which some feel protectionist temptations, we both agree on the importance of free trade.\u201d\nArgentina's Foreign Minister Susana Malcorra speaks at the Permanent Council of the Organization of American States in Washington, April 3, 2017.\nUS retreat favors EU \nArgentine Foreign Minister Susana Malcorra, who is hoping to clinch the EU-Mercosur deal by the end of the year, said external reasons would help advance it.\nMalcorra said the retreat of the United States from trade talks had opened a window for the European Union to become a strong player in multilateral, region-to-region accords.\n\u201cOur view is that [the EU-Mercosur accord] is not only an economic agreement,\u201d she said in Geneva on Monday. \u201cIt's more than that, a political agreement.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "Spanish Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy, left, leans in to hear Brazil's President Michel Temer, during a meeting at the Planalto presidential palace, in Brasilia, Brazil, April 24, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/C179E19E-2211-4A75-A3ED-516F55F3E9E5.jpg",
        "id": "25403_1",
        "answer": [
            "elections as the only way to reach a negotiated solution"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Rajoy"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_24_3823718",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_24_3823718_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "How is the man receiving the pen in the image related to the other man?",
        "context": "Dow Chemical Pushes Trump Administration to Scrap Pesticide Study\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nDow Chemical is pushing the Trump administration to scrap the findings of federal scientists who point to a family of widely used pesticides as harmful to about 1,800 critically threatened or endangered species.\nLawyers representing Dow, whose CEO also heads a White House manufacturing working group, and two other makers of organophosphates sent letters last week to the heads of three Cabinet agencies. The companies asked them \u201cto set aside\u201d the results of government studies the companies contend are fundamentally flawed.\nThe letters, dated April 13, were obtained by The Associated Press.\nDow Chemical chairman and CEO Andrew Liveris is a close adviser to President Donald Trump. The company wrote a $1 million check to help underwrite Trump\u2019s inaugural festivities.\nPesticide study\nOver the last four years, government scientists have compiled an official record running more than 10,000 pages showing the three pesticides under review \u2014 chlorpyrifos, diazinon and malathion \u2014 pose a risk to nearly every endangered species they studied. Regulators at the three federal agencies, which share responsibilities for enforcing the Endangered Species Act, are close to issuing findings expected to result in new limits on how and where the highly toxic pesticides can be used.\nThe industry\u2019s request comes after EPA Administrator Scott Pruitt announced last month he was reversing an Obama-era effort to bar the use of Dow\u2019s chlorpyrifos pesticide on food after recent peer-reviewed studies found that even tiny levels of exposure could hinder the development of children\u2019s brains. In his prior job as Oklahoma\u2019s attorney general, Pruitt often aligned himself in legal disputes with the interests of executives and corporations who supported his state campaigns. He filed more than one dozen lawsuits seeking to overturn some of the same regulations he is now charged with enforcing.\nPresident-elect Donald Trump thanks Dow Chemical Company Chairman and Chief Executive Officer Andrew Liveris during a rally, in Grand Rapids, Mich., Dec. 9, 2016.\n\u2018Restore regulatory sanity\u2019\nPruitt declined to answer questions from reporters Wednesday as he toured a polluted Superfund site in Indiana. A spokesman for the agency later told AP that Pruitt won\u2019t \u201cprejudge\u201d any potential rule-making decisions as \u201cwe are trying to restore regulatory sanity to EPA\u2019s work.\u201d\n\u201cWe have had no meetings with Dow on this topic, and we are reviewing petitions as they come in, giving careful consideration to sound science and good policymaking,\u201d said J.P. Freire, EPA\u2019s associate administrator for public affairs. \u201cThe administrator is committed to listening to stakeholders affected by EPA\u2019s regulations, while also reviewing past decisions.\u201d\nThe office of Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross, who oversees the Natural Marine Fisheries Service, did not respond to emailed questions. A spokeswoman for Interior Secretary Ryan Zinke, who oversees the Fish and Wildlife Service, referred questions back to EPA.\nDow\u2019s rebuttal\nAs with the recent human studies of chlorpyrifos, Dow hired its own scientists to produce a lengthy rebuttal to the government studies showing the risks posed to endangered species by organophosphates.\nThe EPA\u2019s recent biological evaluation of chlorpyrifos found the pesticide is \u201clikely to adversely affect\u201d 1,778 of the 1,835 animals and plants accessed as part of its study, including critically endangered or threatened species of frogs, fish, birds and mammals. Similar results were shown for malathion and diazinon.\nIn a statement, the Dow subsidiary that sells chlorpyrifos said its lawyers asked for the EPA\u2019s biological assessment to be withdrawn because its \u201cscientific basis was not reliable.\u201d\n\u201cDow AgroSciences is committed to the production and marketing of products that will help American farmers feed the world, and do so with full respect for human health and the environment, including endangered and threatened species,\u201d the statement said. \u201cThese letters, and the detailed scientific analyses that support them, demonstrate that commitment.\u201d\nFMC Corp., which sells malathion, said the withdrawal of the EPA studies will allow the necessary time for the \u201cbest available\u201d scientific data to be compiled.\n\u201cMalathion is a critical tool in protecting agriculture from damaging pests,\u201d the company said.\nDiazinon maker Makhteshim Agan of North America Inc., which does business under the name Adama, did not respond to emails seeking comment.\nAcceptable methods\nEnvironmental advocates were not surprised the companies might seek to forestall new regulations that might hurt their profits, but said Wednesday that criticism of the government\u2019s scientists was unfounded. The methods used to conduct EPA\u2019s biological evaluations were developed by the National Academy of Sciences.\nBrett Hartl, government affairs director for the Center for Biological Diversity, said Dow\u2019s experts were trying to hold EPA scientists to an unrealistic standard of data collection that could only be achieved under \u201cperfect laboratory conditions.\u201d\n\u201cYou can\u2019t just take an endangered fish out of the wild, take it to the lab and then expose it to enough pesticides until it dies to get that sort of data,\u201d Hartl said. \u201cIt\u2019s wrong morally, and it\u2019s illegal.\u201d\nDerived from nerve gas\nOriginally derived from a nerve gas developed by Nazi Germany, chlorpyrifos has been sprayed on citrus fruits, apples, cherries and other crops for decades. It is among the most widely used agricultural pesticides in the United States, with Dow selling about 5 million pounds domestically each year.\nAs a result, traces of the chemical are commonly found in sources of drinking water. A 2012 study at the University of California at Berkeley found that 87 percent of umbilical-cord blood samples tested from newborn babies contained detectable levels of chlorpyrifos.\nIn 2005, the Bush administration ordered an end to residential use of diazinon to kill yard pests such as ants and grub worms after determining that it poses a human health risk, particularly to children. However it is still approved for use by farmers, who spray it on fruits and vegetables.\nMalathion is widely sprayed to control mosquitoes and fruit flies. It is also an active ingredient in some shampoos prescribed to children for treating lice.\nA coalition of environmental groups has fought in court for years to spur EPA to more closely examine the risk posed to humans and endangered species by pesticides, especially organophosphates.\n\u201cEndangered species are the canary in the coal mine,\u201d Hartl said. Since many of the threatened species are aquatic, he said they are often the first to show the effects of long-term chemical contamination in rivers and lakes used as sources of drinking water by humans.\nDow, which spent more than $13.6 million on lobbying in 2016, has long wielded substantial political power in the nation\u2019s capital. There is no indication the chemical giant\u2019s influence has waned.\nWhen Trump signed an executive order in February mandating the creation of task forces at federal agencies to roll back government regulations, Dow\u2019s chief executive was at Trump\u2019s side.\n\u201cAndrew, I would like to thank you for initially getting the group together and for the fantastic job you\u2019ve done,\u201d Trump said as he signed the order during an Oval Office ceremony. The president then handed his pen to Liveris to keep as a souvenir.\nRachelle Schikorra, the director of public affairs for Dow Chemical, said any suggestion that the company\u2019s $1 million donation to Trump\u2019s inaugural committee was intended to help influence regulatory decisions made by the new administration is \u201ccompletely off the mark.\u201d\n\u201cDow actively participates in policymaking and political processes, including political contributions to candidates, parties and causes, in compliance with all applicable federal and state laws,\u201d Schikorra said. \u201cDow maintains and is committed to the highest standard of ethical conduct in all such activity.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "FILE - President Donald Trump gives the pen he used to sign an executive order to Dow Chemical President, Chairman and CEO Andrew Liveris, as other business leaders applaud in the Oval Office of the White House in Washington. Dow Chemical is pushing the Trump administration to scrap the findings of federal scientists who point to a family of widely used pesticides as harmful to about 1,800 critically threatened or endangered species.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/601D65F6-4EF9-4853-A7DA-C13E0638E564.jpg",
        "id": "28130_1",
        "answer": [
            "a close adviser "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Dow Chemical President, Chairman and CEO Andrew Liveris"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_20_3818068",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_20_3818068_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who will the man on the left in the image share his connections with?",
        "context": "McCain: Russia, Putin 'Greatest Challenge We Have'\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. Senator John McCain said Monday he views Russia and its president, Vladimir Putin, as the \"greatest challenge we have,\" even more so than that posed by the Islamic State group.\nSpeaking during a visit to Australia, McCain told the Australian Broadcasting Company Russia has tried to \"destroy the very fundamental of democracy\" with efforts to influence the U.S. presidential election and others elsewhere in the world.\nThe comments come as U.S. President Donald Trump's administration faces investigations into whether it had links to Russia, including reports that Jared Kushner, his son-in-law and a senior White House adviser, attempted to establish a back-channel communications link to Russian officials in the weeks before Trump's inauguration.\n\"I know that some administration officials are saying, 'Well, that's standard procedure,'\" McCain said Monday. \"I don't think it is standard procedure prior to the inauguration of a president of the United States by someone who is not in an appointed position.\"\nThe New York Times quoted White House spokeswoman Hope Hicks as saying Kushner \"was acting in his capacity as a transition official,\" and that he has agreed to discuss the meetings with congressional investigators.\nTrump has rejected any allegations that his campaign colluded with Russia.\n\"Jared is doing a great job for the country,\" Trump told Times late Sunday. \"I have total confidence in him. He is respected by virtually everyone and is working on programs that will save our country billions of dollars. In addition to that, and perhaps more importantly, he is a very good person.\"\nThe 36-year-old Kushner, a New York real estate executive before joining Trump's White House staff, is married to Trump's oldest daughter Ivanka, who also is a White House adviser.\nKushner, according to several news accounts, sought to create the secret communications link with Moscow as he met with the Kremlin's ambassador to the U.S., Sergey Kislyak, early last December. Some foreign affairs experts said the move, while former president Barack Obama had weeks left in his term, worried them that it could undermine U.S. security and some opposition Democrats have suggested that Kushner's security clearance should be revoked.\nKushner's lawyer has said that he is willing to cooperate with congressional probes of Trump campaign links to Russian officials. One key lawmaker, Senator Bob Corker, chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, said Sunday, \"He seems to be a very open person. I'd let him speak for himself when the time is right.\"\nFILE - White House senior adviser Jared Kushner, left, and National Security Adviser H.R. McMaster are seen at a bilateral meeting between President Donald Trump and Bahrain's King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, May 21, 2017, in Riyadh. Both McMaster and Homeland Security Secretary John Kelly have said they saw nothing wrong with Kushner's overture to Moscow.\nTwo Trump administration officials, National Security Adviser H.R. McMaster and Homeland Security Secretary John Kelly, both said they saw nothing wrong with Kushner's overture to Moscow.\nTrump hits back\nKushner's connection with the Russia probe was alleged in a Washington Post report while Trump was on a nine-day trip to the Middle East and Europe. Trump, when he returned to Washington, quickly assailed news media reports of White House turmoil linked to investigations of his aides and their ties to Russia.\n\"It is my opinion that many of the leaks coming out of the White House are fabricated lies made up by the #FakeNews media,\" Trump said. \"Whenever you see the words 'sources say' in the fake news media, and they don't mention names, it is very possible that those sources don't exist, but are made up by fake news writers. #FakeNews is the enemy!\"\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;....it is very possible that those sources don%27t exist but are made up by fake news writers. \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/FakeNews?src=hash\\\"\\u0026gt;#FakeNews\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt; is the enemy!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/868810404335673344\\\"\\u0026gt;May 28, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nHe later added a defense of his use of Twitter, saying the media \"works hard at disparaging & demeaning my use of social media because they don't want America to hear the real story!\"\nTrump and White House aides face months of investigations into alleged ties to Russian officials during the presidential campaign and afterwards. There also are accusations from opposition Democrats that Trump has tried to obstruct justice and curtail the probes.\nA special counsel is investigating whether Trump aides colluded with Russian officials to help him win the November election, while congressional committees have called on numerous current and former Trump aides to testify.\nThe White House is bracing for the upcoming congressional testimony of former FBI chief James Comey. Trump fired Comey after allegedly asking him to drop the probe into former National Security Adviser Michael Flynn and his close ties to the Kremlin.\nSome U.S. news reports, citing Trump aides, say the president could soon establish a White House \"war room\" to deal with the burgeoning number of questions about his administration's links to Russia. The reports say Trump has hired a New York lawyer to advise him in handling the various investigations.\nTrump has frequently dismissed his campaign's connection with Moscow as an excuse by Democrats to explain his win over Democrat Hillary Clinton. She has blamed Russian meddling in the election as one of the reasons she lost. She has also blamed Comey for public announcements during the campaign that she was under FBI scrutiny for her use of email.\nDemocrats want to know whether the Trump campaign colluded with the Russians in hacking into unflattering Democratic Party emails and leaking them to the media through WikiLeaks to embarrass Clinton.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - White House senior adviser Jared Kushner, left, and National Security Adviser H.R. McMaster are seen at a bilateral meeting between President Donald Trump and Bahrain's King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, May 21, 2017, in Riyadh. Both McMaster and Homeland Security Secretary John Kelly have said they saw nothing wrong with Kushner's overture to Moscow.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/30494690-5B5F-4AEB-AEF5-F451DFA5C305.jpg",
        "id": "31096_2",
        "answer": [
            "congressional investigators"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Kushner"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_29_3875798",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_29_3875798_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What happened to the man raising his arms in the image?",
        "context": "South Koreans Watch Vote Count with Game of Thrones, Hip Hop\nSEOUL \u2014\u00a0\nSouth Koreans don't need to be bored by hours of vote-counting and punditry that fill airtime ahead of the announcement of a winner in the country's presidential election.\nTelevision networks on Tuesday went out of their way to entertain on election day, including graphics that turned the candidates into Game of Thrones characters and hip hop artists.\nSeoul Broadcasting System featured headshots of front-runner Moon Jae-in placed on the body of a knight similar to one in the popular medieval fantasy epic. Moon's likeness also flew on a dragon and rode a horse as SBS showed vote counts.\nSouth Korea's presidential candidate Moon Jae-in of the Democratic Party raises his hands as his party leaders and members watch on television local media's results of exit polls for the presidential election in Seoul, South Korea, May 9, 2017.\nSBS also dressed the five main candidates like hip hop musicians in colorful, baggy clothes in a parody of a local rapper survival TV show. When presidential candidates were not medieval knights or hip hop musicians, they wore space helmets, faced off in a curling match or flew above the urban skyline like super heroes.\nSuch animation is a big part of election day TV in South Korea. In past elections, SBS used themes from Indiana Jones, Lord of the Rings and Romance of the Three Kingdoms in broadcasting vote counts.\n",
        "caption": "South Korea's presidential candidate Moon Jae-in of the Democratic Party raises his hands as his party leaders and members watch on television local media's results of exit polls for the presidential election in Seoul, South Korea, May 9, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/E4E8D85D-1ABB-49F5-B75A-8950E4E64DCA.jpg",
        "id": "14175_2",
        "answer": [
            "Headshots of front-runner Moon Jae-in placed on the body of a knight similar to one in the popular medieval fantasy epic.",
            "placed on the body of a knight similar",
            "likeness also flew on a dragon and rode a horse as SBS showed vote counts."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "South Korea's presidential candidate Moon Jae-in",
            "Moon Jae-in"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_09_3844475",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_09_3844475_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person gesturing in the image alert?",
        "context": "Turkey's Top Diplomat Warns of Religious Wars in Europe\nTurkish Foreign Minister Mevlut Cavusoglu is warning of \u201creligious wars\u201d coming to Europe in response to the re-election of Mark Rutte as Dutch Prime Minister.\nCavusoglu said Thursday there is \u201cno difference\u201d between Rutte and the losing right-wing candidate Geert Wilders, whom Cavusoglu referred to as a \u201cfascist.\u201d\n\"Where are you going, where are you taking Europe? You have begun to disintegrate Europe and take Europe to the cliff. Soon religious wars will begin in Europe,\" Cavusoglu said.\nWilders\u2019s anti-Islam Party for Freedom came in a distant second to Rutte\u2019s People\u2019s Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD) with 20 seats, compared to 33.\nA man poses as crying firebrand anti-Islam lawmaker Geert Wilders during a small demonstration outside parliament, rear, in The Hague, Netherlands, March 16, 2017.\nTurkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan said Thursday during a speech that Rutte had lost Turkey as a friend, even though he beat out Wilders.\n\"Hey Rutte! You may have emerged as the number one party in the election, but you must know that you have lost Turkey as your friend,\" Erdogan said.\nHe also accused the EU of engaging in an anti-Islam \"crusade\" after a court ruled earlier this week that European companies can ban religious head-covering at work.\n\"The European Union's court, the European Court of Justice, my esteemed brothers, have started a crusade struggle against the [Muslim] crescent,\" he said. \"Europe is swiftly rolling back to the days before World War II.\u201d\nEarlier Thursday, Cavusoglu threatened to scrap a deal made last year to stem the tide of refugees pouring into the European Union. He said Turkey could unilaterally block the deal, though he hadn't yet spoken to his EU counterparts about the possibility.\n\"From now on, we can say 'we will not apply it and it will be over,'\" he said.\nA European Commission spokesman said Thursday the bloc expects Turkey to honor the deal.\nTurkey\u2019s diplomatic rift with European leaders deepened last week when Turkish diplomats were blocked from holding political rallies in Germany and the Netherlands.\nFILE - Dutch riot police battle pro Erdogan demonstrators after riots broke out at the Turkish consulate in Rotterdam, Netherlands, March 12, 2017.\nThe relationship between Turkey and the European Union has been on edge since Turkey began engaging in a post-coup crackdown last year.\nCavusoglu was scheduled last Saturday to hold a rally in favor of a Turkish constitutional amendment in Rotterdam, but Dutch authorities withdrew permission for his plane to land, setting off a series of violent clashes in the city.\nIn April, Turkey will vote on a constitutional amendment that will cede more power to Erdogan. The Dutch and German rallies were meant to shore up support for the amendment among the millions of Turkish citizens living in Europe.\nErdogan repeatedly has referred to European politicians as \"Nazis\" and said Wednesday the \"spirit of fascism\" is widespread in Europe.\nFrench President Francois Hollande and German Chancellor Angela Merkel issued a joint statement calling Erdogan\u2019s Nazi comments \u201cunacceptable.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Turkish Foreign Minister Mevlut Cavusoglu, waves to supporters as he is reflected on a car after a campaign gathering in Metz, eastern France, March 12, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/AEA2C3F9-F5E0-41C7-BA2C-184A57D9D1EA.jpg",
        "id": "27801_1",
        "answer": [
            "\u201creligious wars\u201d coming to Europe"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Mevlut Cavusoglu"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_16_3768816",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_16_3768816_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person at the podium in the image pledge to do?",
        "context": "US Attorney General Threatens to Cut Funds from Sanctuary Jurisdictions\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. Attorney General Jeff Sessions announced Monday the Justice Determent will withdraw grant funds from local jurisdictions that do not comply with immigration laws.\nAt a White House briefing, the nation's top law enforcement official said sanctuary jurisdictions endanger lives of \"every American\" and put the whole community at risk.\n\u201cToday, I'm urging states and local jurisdictions to comply with these federal laws including 8 USC Section 1373. Moreover, the Department of Justice will require that jurisdictions seeking or applying for Department of Justice (DOJ) grants to certify compliance with 1373 as a condition of receiving those awards,\u201d Sessions said.\nWATCH: Sessions threatens cutting funds to sanctuary cities\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nUS Attorney General Announces Penalties for Immigrant Sanctuaries\nShare this video\n0:02:28\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:28\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 7.1MB\n360p | 11.3MB\n720p | 73.0MB\nSection 1373 requires that federal, state, and local government entities cooperate with immigration officials regarding an individual's citizenship and immigration status.\nSanctuary jurisdictions, which include 600 sanctuary cities and counties, as well as some states according to the National Immigration Law Center, are jurisdictions that choose not to inform immigration officials when certain undocumented immigrants are released from official custody. Most often these are immigrants who were charged with or convicted of minor crimes.\nIn the current fiscal year, Sessions said, DOJ anticipates awarding more than $4.1 billion in law enforcement grants. He \u201cstrongly\u201d urged states, cities and counties to consider carefully the \u201charm they are doing to their citizens by refusing to enforce our immigration laws and to rethink these policies.\u201d\n\u201cWhen cities and states refuse to help enforce immigration laws, our nation is less safe. Failure to deport aliens who are convicted of criminal offenses puts whole communities at risk \u2014 especially immigrant communities in the very sanctuary jurisdictions that seek to protect the perpetrators,\u201d he said.\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nSessions: Sanctuary Policies 'Make Cities, States Less Safe'\nShare this video\n0:00:45\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:45\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 1.6MB\n360p | 2.0MB\n480p | 9.2MB\nThese policies, he said, include refusing to detain known felons under federal detainer request. A detainer request is a request that local law enforcement hold on to individuals who U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) says are subject to deportation.\nThe U.S. Department of Homeland Security last week issued a report showing that in the week of Jan. 28 to Feb, 3 more than \"200 instances of jurisdictions refusing to honor ICE detainer requests with respect to individuals charged or convicted of a serious crime,\" Sessions said.\nPeople hold anti-deportation signs during a rally, March 9, 2017, in New York. The rally was held in support of Ravi Ragbir, leader of the New Sanctuary Coalition, and an immigrant from Trinidad, who may face deportation.\nLocal law enforcement\nBut police chiefs have voiced their concern over some of the Trump administration's policies when it comes to detainers.\nLaw enforcement authorities say cutting federal funding to \u201cforce\u201d local policies to change is \u201ctroubling\u201d and the notion that police do not cooperate with ICE is wrong.\nJ. Thomas Manger, president of the Major Cities Chiefs Association, told VOA in a recent interview that police agencies cooperate with ICE in many areas, but they do not want to engage in civil immigration enforcement or act on detainer requests without a warrant.\n\u201cOther than that there is cooperation on dealing with drugs, gangs, human trafficking and arresting immigrants who have committed crimes,\u201d Manger said.\nManger is the police chief of Montgomery County, Maryland, a populous area adjacent to Washington, D.C., which is not a sanctuary county but has some sanctuary policies. Recently a 14-year old was reportedly raped by two undocumented immigrants \u2014 Henry E. Sanchez Milian, 18, and Jose O. Montano, 17 \u2014 enrolled in public school after moving to the United States illegally from Central America.\nSessions did not directly answer a reporter's question if anyone from the DOJ had spoken about the rape case with any Montgomery County official, but urged people in the state of Maryland to oppose any sanctuary legislation. Maryland is currently considering adopting sanctuary status.\nLess likely to commit crimes\nAlex Nowrasteh, immigration policy analyst at the libertarian Cato Institute, which advocates more liberal immigration laws, said several studies have concluded that immigrants are less likely to commit crimes that people born in the United States.\nNowrasteh's research called \"Criminal Immigrants: Their Numbers, Demographics, and Countries of Origin\" shows that \u201cIllegal immigrants are 44 percent less likely to be incarcerated than natives. Legal immigrants are 69 percent less likely to be incarcerated than natives.\u201d\n\u201cAnd the places that they move to in the United States, you typically see crime declines in those areas,\u201d Nowrasteh told VOA.\nThe Sentencing Project in its report, Immigration and Public Safety, published this month, documents that increased immigration may be responsible for a drop in crime.\n\u201cThe violent crime rate began to fall in the mid-1990s, and by 2014 it was half of its 1990 level, at 362 offenses per 100,000 residents,\u201d the lobbying group writes. \u201cBy that year, the foreign-born population had more than doubled, reaching 42.2 million people [including 11.1 million undocumented people].\u201d\nBut in the White House briefing Sessions cited the 2015 killing in San Francisco of Kathryn Steinle. Her killer had reportedly been convicted of crimes and deported numerous times. Yet, he was able to enter United States illegally.\n\u201cThe American people want and deserve a lawful system of immigration that keeps us safe, and one that serves the national interests. This expectation is reasonable, just, and our government has the duty to meet it and we will meet it,\u201d he said.\n",
        "caption": "Attorney General Jeff Sessions, right, accompanied by White House press secretary Sean Spicer, second from right, talks to the media during the daily press briefing at the White House in Washington, Monday, March 27, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/EA37F420-7AD2-4EEF-9D30-C7626F83A3DC.jpg",
        "id": "16527_1",
        "answer": [
            "withdraw grant funds from local jurisdictions that do not comply with immigration laws",
            "withdraw grant funds from local jurisdictions",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Jeff Sessions"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_27_3784129",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_27_3784129_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What interactions are making the job of the people who freed the place shown in the image more difficult?",
        "context": "Battle to Retake Raqqa a Desperate House-to-House Fight\nThe battle to retake the Syrian city of Raqqa from the Islamic State terror group is a fight increasingly without front lines. The U.S.-backed, Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces have breached the old city and control about a quarter of the terror group's de facto capital, say American officials, but holding what has already been seized is proving a struggle.\nDisputes between the SDF and some Free Syrian Army militias who have started to participate in the battle isn't helping the advance, but the biggest obstacle remains the determined defense of IS fighters, who are using similar urban warfare tactics seen the past nine months in the terror group's fight to delay the retaking of Mosul by Iraqi security forces.\nA month into the Raqqa assault, improvised explosive devices, sniper fire and the use of an elaborate network of tunnels to mount ambushes \u2014 as well as exploiting civilians as human shields\u2014 are all being deployed by the militants. IS militants have also been using drones to drop explosives on SDF militiamen.\nThis frame grab from vide provided by Hawar News Agency, a Syrian Kurdish activist-run media group, shows residents gathering in a house after liberated by the U.S.-backed Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) fighters in the eastern side of Raqqa, Syria, July 6\nA watchdog rights organization says in the assault's first month it has documented 650 deaths \u2014 224 of them civilians.\nAccording to the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, a London-based group that relies on a network of activists for its reporting, 311 IS fighters, including a handful of commanders, and 106 fighters of the American-backed \"Euphrates Wrath\" forces have died so far.\n\"In addition, airstrikes left hundreds of civilians injured, with various degrees of severity, some of whom had their limbs amputated, some were left with permanent disabilities and some are still in a critical condition, which means that the death toll is still likely to rise,\" the observatory says.\nLong battle ahead\nDespite being only a tenth the size of Mosul, U.S. officials say they expect the house-to-house fighting to last several weeks. Estimates on how many militants remain in the city range from between 2,000 to 3,000. Most of them are thought to be from eastern Syria or foreign fighters drawn mainly from North Africa, the Middle East and Central Asia.\nAccording to local activists some Raqqa-born IS fighters have defected and are providing intelligence to the SDF. Hassan Hassan, an analyst at the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy, a Washington-based think tank, and co-author of the book \"ISIS: Inside the Army of Terror,\" says local fighters have proven less than committed in the battle.\nA Kurdish fighter from the People's Protection Units (YPG) fires his rifle at Islamic State militants as he runs across a street in Raqqa, Syria, July 3, 2017.\n\"The Islamic State will likely have to rely on the city's still likely large population of foreign fighters as well as a new generation of young fighters brainwashed by the group's ideology who typically fight viciously to the end,\" Hassan argues in the current issue of CTC Sentinel, a publication of the West Point military academy.\nDespite the participation of experienced, battle-hardened Kurdish fighters, private security advisers say the SDF doesn't have the same capabilities and training as the elite Iraqi units who have been confronting IS militants in Mosul since August. \"They are spread much thinner,\" one European security adviser told VOA. \"They are also not as well equipped and lack the armor the Iraqis have been able to use,\" he added. Keeping the advance going, and trying to pin the militants into smaller and smaller pockets, is proving grueling, he said.\nSunday, Iraqi Prime Minister Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi arrived in Mosul, Iraq's second largest city, to declare his security forces had wrested the wrecked city from the Islamic State, despite some continued fighting in at least one west Mosul neighborhood. Some U.S. officials are reckoning IS fighters may be able to hold out in Raqqa for up to three months.\nIn a bid to disrupt the SDF momentum, IS is now more regularly using suicide bombers driving reinforced vehicles packed with explosives \u2014 although not to the same degree as seen in the battle for Mosul. Last week, one suicide bomber managed to destroy a forward HQ used by the SDF.\nCivilian casualties\nTens of thousands of refugees have fled, braving mines and savage IS sniper fire. Local activists estimate the number of civilians remaining in the city at about 60,000. They fault the international coalition for failing to have prepared for the handling of large numbers of displaced families. Civilians have been gathering in nearby camps lacking basic amenities such as healthcare, clean drinking water, and food,\" says the activist network Raqqa is Being Slaughtered Silently.\nThe group has accused the attacking forces of using a scorched-earth strategy, utilizing indiscriminate aerial bombardment in order to force militants to withdrew. U.S. officials admit there have been civilian deaths but say they are doing all they can to minimize casualties among non-combatants.\n",
        "caption": "This frame grab from vide provided by Hawar News Agency, a Syrian Kurdish activist-run media group, shows residents gathering in a house after liberated by the U.S.-backed Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) fighters in the eastern side of Raqqa, Syria, July 6",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B5B244D4-D309-4D15-9047-831E94CF3198.jpg",
        "id": "27420_2",
        "answer": [
            "Disputes between the SDF and some Free Syrian Army militias "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "SDF "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_10_3935522",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_10_3935522_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What makes the bald person in the image unique?",
        "context": "Once Wary of Trump, Montana GOP Candidate is All In\nHELENA, MONT. \u2014\u00a0\nWhen Donald Trump visited Montana last year ahead of the state\u2019s Republican presidential primary, technology entrepreneur Greg Gianforte was running on the GOP ticket for governor and made it a point to avoid his party\u2019s likely presidential nominee. Gianforte later reluctantly pledged support for Trump, but tried to distance himself from him during an unsuccessful campaign to unseat the state\u2019s Democratic governor.\nNow, the multimillionaire technology entrepreneur is trying to win an open seat in Congress and has gone all in on Trump.\nGianforte has co-opted the president\u2019s \u201cdrain the swamp\u201d catchphrase, pledged to advance Trump\u2019s agenda and brought in Vice President Mike Pence and Donald Trump Jr. for campaign rallies ahead of Thursday\u2019s special election against Democrat Rob Quist. They\u2019re vying to replace Rep. Ryan Zinke, who became Trump\u2019s Interior Secretary in March.\nGianforte\u2019s shift from a hesitant backer of the reality show star\u2019s presidential bid to a candidate whose success or failure largely hinges on the president mirrors that of the Republican Party.\nGradual embrace of Trump\n\u201cIn the fall, it was just surviving the next 100 days and then he\u2019ll never be heard from again,\u201d GOP strategist Liam Donovan said of his party\u2019s gradual embrace of Trump. \u201cNow, whatever Republicans felt about this guy before, he\u2019s a winner.\u201d\nIn an interview Wednesday, Gianforte said he isn\u2019t second-guessing his alliance with the president.\n\u201cI will always be on Montana\u2019s side and much more closely aligned with this administration than with (Democratic House Minority Leader) Nancy Pelosi,\u201d he said.\nThat could be risky for Gianforte and other Republicans who try to play the Trump card and then find themselves caught up in turmoil the president generates, like recent allegations that he divulged classified information to Russian diplomats and urged the FBI\u2019s director to drop an investigation into a former aide before firing him.\nFILE - Republican candidate for governor Greg Gianforte answers a reporter's question in his home in Bozeman, Mont., Oct. 5, 2016, Gianforte is trying to replace Rep. Ryan Zinke.\nTrump voters key\nTrump\u2019s intense and loyal supporters may not flinch at the reports, said University of Montana political scientist Rob Saldin.\nHowever, Gianforte\u2019s success may depend on how many of the Montana voters who gave Trump a 20 percentage point win over Hillary Clinton in Montana are in that loyalist bloc.\n\u201cThere\u2019s a bit of a playing-with-fire element to this,\u201d Saldin said. \u201cI think Gianforte and many Republicans recognize that, but it\u2019s a trade-off that at least for right now they\u2019re willing to accept.\u201d\nJake Eaton, a Montana Republican political consultant, said he recognizes the risk but said Gianforte is embracing Trump\u2019s message, not the person.\n\u201cI think that a lot of people across the political spectrum, regardless of what they think of the president as a person, are responding to what he\u2019s trying to do,\u201d Eaton said. \u201cYou know, not just uphold the status quo, but shake things up. I think that\u2019s a message that resonates with Montanans.\u201d\nFine line on health care\nGianforte\u2019s campaign had to walk a fine line when the House passed the Trump-backed American Health Care Act earlier this month. He was criticized for telling donors in a private call that he\u2019s \u201cthankful\u201d that the process to repeal and replace former President Barack Obama\u2019s health overhaul is underway, but made public a statement saying he would not have voted for the bill because he would have wanted more time to study it.\nThe health care bill is the clearest sign of how Gianforte\u2019s allegiance with Trump runs counter to the interests of Montana voters, said state Democratic Party Executive Director Nancy Keenan.\n\u201cI think that they don\u2019t want somebody else in Congress who\u2019s just going to be a rubber stamp, especially on issues like health care,\u201d she said.\nOnce-reluctant supporter\nFive months ago, when Gianforte lost to incumbent Democratic Gov. Steve Bullock, he tried to keep Trump from becoming an issue in his own campaign.\nBefore the Republican primary, Gianforte declined to attend Trump\u2019s one rally in Montana, and did not mention Trump\u2019s name in a statement welcoming the candidate to Montana.\nEven after Trump won the GOP nomination, Gianforte was a reluctant supporter. He said in November that Trump said \u201cobnoxious\u201d things, but that he was backing him because he wanted Trump to pick the next U.S. Supreme Court nominee.\nThen Election Day came, and more than 43,000 people who voted for Trump did not vote for Gianforte for governor, making him the only Republican running for a statewide election to lose that day.\n\u201cAt that time, it appeared that Trump was a ticking time bomb and threatened to tear down anyone who was associated with him,\u201d Saldin said. \u201cI think what is different now is that Gianforte looked at that race from the fall and concluded that the reason he didn\u2019t win, the reason he\u2019s not governor now, is there are a lot of people who voted for Donald Trump and voted for (former congressman) Ryan Zinke, but didn\u2019t vote for Greg Gianforte.\u201d\nTrump in January chose Zinke to be secretary of the Interior, opening up Montana\u2019s statewide congressional seat, and Gianforte jumped in. His Democratic opponent, Quist, is a singer, guitarist and award-winning songwriter.\nNow Gianforte is an ebullient booster of the president.\n\u201cI\u2019m running because you need a strong voice back in Washington,\u201d he told a crowd in East Helena earlier this month during an appearance with Donald Trump, Jr. \u201cI want to help Donald Trump drain the swamp back there.\u201d\nWashington D.C.-based Republican pollster Frank Luntz said Montana voters are generally conservative but like straight-talking mavericks like Trump and have previously embraced Democrats willing to buck conventional wisdom.\nDemocrats were always going to link Trump to Gianforte anyway, Luntz argued, and it makes sense for the candidate to make the comparison on his own terms.\n\u201cMontana is true Trump country,\u201d Luntz said. \u201cI\u2019m not surprised this guy would embrace Trump.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "Republican Greg Gianforte (right) welcomes Donald Trump Jr. on to the stage at a rally in East Helena, Mont., May 11, 2017. Trump Jr. urged voters to support Gianforte in the May 25 special U.S. House election to fill the seat of Ryan Zinke, now President Trump's Interior secretary.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/BE68C5CA-BB11-408F-9907-2D425C659417.jpg",
        "id": "25837_1",
        "answer": [
            "the only Republican running for a statewide election to lose that day"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Gianforte"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_21_3863833",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_21_3863833_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in the right of the image guess at?",
        "context": "Russian Foreign Policy Experts Mull the Future of US Relations\nMOSCOW \u2014\u00a0\nPresident-elect Donald Trump has expressed doubts about whether Moscow was involved in hacking computer systems connected to the U.S. Democratic Party. He also has called for improved relations with Russia, and even praised Russian President Vladimir Putin for choosing not to respond in kind to last week\u2019s expulsion of Russian diplomats from the U.S.\nAt the same time, a leading member of Trump\u2019s own party is promising \u201cnew sanctions\u201d against Russia, beyond those just imposed by the outgoing Obama administration in response to Russian hacking. Among those targeted by the latest sanctions are top officials of the GRU, the Russian military\u2019s intelligence agency, which has been blamed for the Democratic Party hacks.\nSouth Carolina Republican Senator Lindsey Graham told Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty that he and his colleagues will introduce sanctions targeting not only Russia\u2019s energy sector, banking sector, and intelligence agencies \u2014 including the GRU and Federal Security Service (FSB), Russia\u2019s principal intelligence agency \u2014 but also \u201cPutin and his inner circle.\u201d\nFILE - Senator Lindsey Graham walks with a reporter on Capitol Hill in Washington.\nBilateral relationship\nGiven the seemingly contradictory plans of the incoming American president and senior legislators from his own party, how do Russian foreign policy experts expect the bilateral relationship with the United States to develop with the departure of President Barack Obama and the arrival of Donald Trump?\nPolitical scientist Lilia Shevtsova told VOA\u2019s Russian service that while \u201cmainstream\u201d foreign policy experts in Russia are calling for expanding the channels of communication between the Russian and American establishments, there is no guarantee that will happen.\nShe noted that Obama tried something similar in 2008 with then Russian President Dmitry Medvedev, but the effort ultimately failed.\n\u201cIt\u2019s a good idea, but hardly a recipe for normalization,\u201d she said. \u201cIndeed, during the Obama-Medvedev \u2018reset,\u2019 a multi-level system of communication between the two sides was created. However, did it help the relationship avoid a crisis?\u201d\n'Multipolar world'\nRussian foreign policy experts, Shevtsova added, continue to adhere to the idea. It is inherited from Yevgeny Primakov, the veteran Soviet and Russian foreign minister who died in 2015, of a \u201cmultipolar world\u201d that is supposed to emerge after the United States steps away from its position as global leader.\nFILE - Former Russian premier minister Yevgeny Primakov, right, and former U.S. Secretary of State Henry Kissinger speak as they take part in economic forum in St.Petersburg, Russia, June 21, 2012.\n\"Well, America is crawling into its shell, and we are approaching a multipolar world,\u201d she said. \u201cBut there is every reason to believe it will be a Hobbesian world \u2014 a struggle of all against all. And how comfortable will Russia be in this world, given its far from immense economic and military resources?\"\nValery Garbuzov, director of the Russian Academy of Sciences\u2019 Institute for U.S. and Canadian Studies, told VOA that many Russians are hopeful Donald Trump\u2019s presidency will lead to an improvement in bilateral relations.\n\"I believe that the main task consists primarily in the promotion of economic and trade cooperation, which may lead to the necessity of lifting sanctions, and after that, everything else, including scientific and cultural contacts,\u201d he said. \u201cIf you think in terms of the four-year [U.S.] presidential term, then, of course, it would be nice if a broad agenda between the two countries were built during that time.\"\nStill, Garbuzov said he is not sure Trump will be able to overcome the deterioration in bilateral relations that took place over the last several years, or likely opposition to his initiatives, including a possible new U.S.-Russia \u201creset,\u201d from both Democrats and members of his own party.\n\u201cAfter all, there is Congress; though it is dominated by Republicans, they love Trump \u2018through clenched teeth,\u2019\u201d he said. \u201cTo say nothing of the Democrats; it is clear that they are extremely unhappy, and many are even shocked by what happened\" in the 2016 presidential election.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Former Russian premier minister Yevgeny Primakov, right, and former U.S. Secretary of State Henry Kissinger speak as they take part in economic forum in St.Petersburg, Russia, June 21, 2012.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F9CC3C88-0AE6-448E-8918-FB403CAB9002.jpg",
        "id": "33651_3",
        "answer": [
            "a \u201cmultipolar world\u201d"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Yevgeny Primakov"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_04_3662821",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_04_3662821_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where are people such as those in the image from?",
        "context": "Migrant Workers Blocked from Leaving Qatar Despite Labor Reforms\nMUSCAT, OMAN \u2014\u00a0\nQatar has refused to allow scores of migrants from countries including India, Nepal and Bangladesh to return home, violating new labor reforms to improve workers' rights, activists and trade unions said Wednesday.\nA law making it easier for migrants to change jobs and leave the oil-rich Gulf state \u2014 where many of them have been recruited to build soccer stadiums ahead of the 2022 Fifa World Cup \u2014 came into effect in December.\nThe Qatari government has defended the reforms to replace the \"kafala\" sponsorship system, which forces foreign workers to seek their employer's consent to change jobs or leave the country \u2014 a measure rights groups say leaves workers open to exploitation.\nTrade unionists and activists say migrant workers still require an exit permit from the government \u2014 and of the 760 or so permit requests made by migrants, more than a quarter have been denied since the law was passed on Dec. 13 last year.\n\"Qatar's notorious exit permit system remains in place today,\" said Sharan Burrow, general secretary of International Trade Union Confederation. \"The claim by Qatar to the International Labour Organization that the exit permit has been abolished is a lie.\"\nQatari officials were not immediately available to comment, but data reported by the state-run Qatar News Agency earlier this month said the newly-established Exit Permit Grievances Committee had rejected 213 requests made up until Feb. 15.\nNo reason was given for the requests being denied.\nThe International Labour Organization has given Doha until November to implement the reforms or potentially face an investigation into the forced labor of migrants in the lead-up to hosting the World Cup.\nCampaigners say the reforms do not go far enough, citing the need for workers to get their employer's permission to seek alternative employment during the period of their contract, which can last up to five years.\nIf workers change jobs without permission they face criminal charges for \"absconding\" which can lead to their arrest, detention and deportation, labor rights experts say.\n\"It looks like the system is very much still in effect and will continue to enable the exploitation of workers and the violation of their rights, including forced labor,\" said Francesca Ricciardone of the Solidarity Center.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A foreign worker climbs scaffolding at the Al-Wakra Stadium that is under construction for the 2022 World Cup in Doha, Qatar, May 4, 2015.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/40094668-1B36-4BE6-A2F9-D203499BE6AE.jpg",
        "id": "5022_1",
        "answer": [
            "Doha, Qatar",
            "countries including India, Nepal and Bangladesh"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "worker",
            "A foreign worker "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_29_3786641",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_29_3786641_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who used the location where the man and woman in the image stand?",
        "context": "Activists: Charities Must Move Galas From Trump Resort\nPALM BEACH, FLORIDA \u2014\u00a0\nSince President Donald Trump opened the gold-infused ballroom at his Mar-a-Lago resort almost 12 years ago, it has been a popular rental for the American Red Cross, hospitals, medical researchers and other charities for fundraising galas where the wealthiest donors are wined and dined, often netting $1 million or more.\nBut Trump's election puts charities in an awkward position over choosing the resort - recently dubbed the president's Winter White House - for events they may have planned more than a year in advance.\nWith Trump placing a moratorium on refugees and immigrants from seven Muslim-majority countries and his promises to dismantle the Affordable Care Act, activists are pressuring charities such as the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and the Cleveland Clinic to move or cancel their galas this month.\nAs the International Red Cross held a gala fundraiser Saturday at Mar-a-Lago, about 3,000 demonstrators marched nearby to protest Trump's now-blocked executive order temporarily limiting immigration. The event ended peacefully, and there were no arrests.\nSo far, no known Mar-a-Lago charity events have been moved or canceled.\nMore than 2,000 people, including faculty and students from Harvard Medical School, have signed an online petition demanding that Boston-based Dana-Farber move or cancel its Feb. 18 \"Discovery Celebration,\" featuring a performance by Grammy Award winner David Foster. The cheapest ticket is $1,250.\nPetition organizer George Karandinos, a 30-year-old Harvard medical student from Houston, said he understands that canceling or moving the Dana-Farber event would be difficult, \"but they can make a public moral stand that is in line with their stated values\" of diversity and supporting scientific exchanges across borders. Plus, he said, a cancellation might attract additional donors.\nA similar open letter, signed by more than 1,100 including doctors and medical students, demands that Cleveland Clinic move its Feb. 25 \"Reflections of Versailles: A Night in the Hall of Mirrors\" gala. Its cheapest ticket also is $1,250.\nBoth Dana-Farber and the Cleveland Clinic said they won't move or cancel their events, but added that it doesn't mean they support the president's policies. Applications filed with the town of Palm Beach show Dana-Farber expects to raise $1.25 million after paying expenses of $250,000. The Red Cross says it will make $950,000 after spending $400,000. A portion of those expenses would go to Mar-a-Lago. The town did not immediately release Cleveland Clinic's application.\nDana-Farber President Dr. Laurie H. Glimcher issued a statement saying she shares the protesters' concerns about the immigration moratorium and what it will mean for doctors, scientists, students and patients from the affected countries, but that the protesters are unrealistic.\n\"The forthcoming fundraiser in Palm Beach is planned many months in advance, and raises critical funds to support this lifesaving work. Contracts have been signed, and a large number of people have committed to attend. Canceling the event outright would only deny much-needed resources for research and care,\" she said.\nThe Cleveland Clinic issued a similar statement.\n\"The sole purpose of our event in Florida is to raise funds for important research to advance cardiovascular medicine that improves patient care,\" spokeswoman Eileen Sheil said. \"In no way is this connected to anything else but helping patients. The event has been held there for years, well before the election.\"\nMar-a-Lago director Bernd Lembcke didn't return a call seeking comment. The Trump Organization didn't respond to an emailed request for comment.\nPhotos of the ballroom complex, including the Donald J. Trump Grand Ballroom, show large open spaces lighted by chandeliers and surrounded by massive archways and columns. Bathroom fixtures are gold-plated. The walls, ceiling and columns have intricate decorations gilded with gold leaf. Many organizations have been using the venue for years to host their wealthiest donors.\nTrump opened the 20,000 square-foot ballroom complex in late 2005 _ the inaugural event was the reception for his wedding to Melania Trump. He told reporters the complex cost $35 million, but Palm Beach building records indicate the cost was lower, likely no more than $15 million.\nMary Simboski, who teaches in Boston University's fundraising management program, said that while she could not speak to any specific event, major galas like the ones the Cleveland Clinic, Red Cross and Dana-Farber are throwing take a year to plan and are a major part of an organization's fundraising operation.\nPicking a site like Mar-a-Lago often comes down to location, size, cost and availability, she said, and has nothing to do with politics. Projecting that the groups could perhaps garner more financial support by canceling the event is wishful thinking, she said.\n\"Hope is not a strategy,\" Simboski said.\n",
        "caption": "President Donald Trump and first lady Melania Trump arrive for the 60th annual Red Cross Gala at Trump's Mar-a-Lago resort in Palm Beach, Florida, Feb. 4, 2017. Fueled by Trump's controversial immigration orders, activists are calling for charities to move or cancel planned galas at the resort.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/5DD0A0FE-7C9C-4648-8460-363D74518791.jpg",
        "id": "2701_1",
        "answer": [
            "the American Red Cross, hospitals, medical researchers and other charities",
            "International Red Cross",
            "American Red Cross, hospitals, medical researchers and other charities for fundraising galas"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "President Donald Trump",
            "Mar-a-Lago"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_05_3706927",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_05_3706927_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What happened to the person with the red tie in the image?",
        "context": "Pence: US, Indonesia \u2018Share Many Common Values\u2019\nJAKARTA, INDONESIA \u2014\u00a0\nVice President Mike Pence praised Indonesia\u2019s democracy and moderate form of Islam after meeting Thursday with the president of the world\u2019s most populous Muslim nation.\nThe comments, though routine, had significance for Indonesian President Joko \u201cJokowi\u201d Widodo, who a day earlier suffered a serious political setback when a political ally was defeated by Islamic conservatives in the election for Jakarta governor. The divisive campaign undermined the image of Indonesia abroad as a generally tolerant Muslim nation.\nIndonesia is the latest stop on an Asian tour by Pence that is reinforcing traditional U.S. alliances at a time when Donald Trump\u2019s presidency has raised questions about the strength of the U.S. commitment to the region. \nStronger partnership\nPence said at a joint news conference with Jokowi that the U.S. wants to strengthen its strategic partnership with Indonesia. In brief comments, Jokowi said they agreed to boost cooperation. \nThe vice president praised Indonesia for the moderate form of Islam it practices and said the two countries would continue to cooperate on combating terrorism. \n\u201cAs the second- and third-largest democracies in the world, our two countries share many common values including freedom, the rule of law, human rights and religious diversity,\u201d Pence said. \u201cThe United States is proud to partner with Indonesia. It promotes and protects these values.\u201d\nU.S. Vice President Mike Pence (left) with his wife, Karen, (second from left) signs the guest book as Indonesian President Joko Widodo and his wife, Iriana, look on, during their meeting at Merdeka Palace in Jakarta, Indonesia, April 20, 2017.\nFree, fair relationship\nBut Pence foreshadowed some reworking of commercial and economic ties, saying that the U.S. seeks a free and fair relationship that helps job creation and economic growth for both sides. He said that U.S. exporters should face a level playing field and the relationship should be \u201cwin-win.\u201d\nIndonesia is on Trump\u2019s trade hit list of nations that he considers the U.S. is losing out to in trade, and U.S. company Freeport-McMoran Inc., which operates the world\u2019s largest copper mine in the Indonesian province of Papua, is in a protracted dispute with the Indonesian government.\nPence\u2019s first engagement was morning tea with Jokowi at the presidential palace. Later Thursday, Pence was to visit Istiqlal Mosque, the largest mosque in Southeast Asia.\nTrump\u2019s company, the Trump Organization, is active in Indonesia with plans to manage luxury resorts being built near the capital Jakarta and on the tourist island of Bali.\nTrump\u2019s Indonesian business partner, billionaire Hary Tanoe, is an aspiring politician who has said he might run for president in 2019.\n",
        "caption": "U.S. Vice President Mike Pence (left) meets with Indonesian President Joko Widodo at the presidential palace in Jakarta, Indonesia, April 20, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/E3E67BCF-AC6D-4F09-B874-8A5331F12475.jpg",
        "id": "13915_1",
        "answer": [
            "suffered a serious political setback",
            "suffered a serious political setback when a political ally was defeated by Islamic conservatives in the election for Jakarta governor",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "President Joko",
            "Joko Widodo"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_20_3818008",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_20_3818008_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the people in the image demand?",
        "context": "Deadly Terror Attack in London: Pedestrians Run Down, Others Stabbed \nA large delivery van drove into pedestrians at high speed on London Bridge late Saturday evening, striking a number of people who were left bleeding on the pavement in the British capital. Near the scene of the road terror, attackers also carried out multiple stabbings.\nLondon police say six people were killed and officers shot dead three suspects.\nMultiple reports said more than one person had died, and the casualty toll was expected to rise. The London Ambulance Service said via Twitter that it had \"taken at least 20 patients to six hospitals across London.\"\nAuthorities declared the incident was a terrorist attack. Heavily armed police searched the area and ordered pub and restaurant patrons to move to safety. Police fired a number of shots; witnesses said two attackers were hit, but that three others had escaped.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;At 0025hrs 4/6/17 the incidents at \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/LondonBridge?src=hash\\\"\\u0026gt;#LondonBridge\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt; \\u0026amp;amp; \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/BoroughMarket?src=hash\\\"\\u0026gt;#BoroughMarket\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt; were declared as terrorist incidents.\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Metropolitan Police (@metpoliceuk) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/metpoliceuk/status/871152151787171840\\\"\\u0026gt;June 3, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nLondon police at first suspected a stabbing in South London might have been linked to attacks on and near the London Bridge. A later statement, however, confirmed the stabbing in the Vauxhall neighborhood was unrelated.\nThe terrorist attackers, some of them wielding knives with 25-centimeter-long blades (about 10 inches), may have been planning explosions as well. A photograph from inside the police cordon showed an attacker motionless on the ground, with a number of metal canisters strapped to his body; meanwhile, police in the area triggered a number of controlled explosions.\nThe mayor of London, Sadiq Khan, denounced the attack and said he and British Prime Minister Theresa May would take part in an emergency meeting of the government's Cobra crisis group.\n\"We don't yet know the full details,\" the mayor said, \"but this was a deliberate and cowardly attack on innocent Londoners and visitors.\n\"I condemn it in the strong possible terms. There is no justification whatsoever for such barbaric acts.\"\nThird attack since March\nThe Saturday night carnage on London Bridge and in the nearby Borough Market neighborhood was the third terrorist attack in Britain since March, following a similar assault on pedestrians on Westminster Bridge and a suicide-bomb explosion less than two weeks ago in Manchester that killed dozens of people and wounded more than 100.\nThe U.S. State Department said it \u201ccondemns the cowardly attacks targeting innocent civilians in London.\u201d The statement continued, \u201cWe understand UK police are currently treating these as terrorist incidents. The United States stands ready to provide any assistance authorities in the United Kingdom may request.\u201d \nThe U.S. Department of Homeland Security said it was in close contact with British authorities.\n\"At this time,\" an official statement said, \"we have no information to indicate a specific, credible terror threat in the United States\" as a result of the London attack.\nThe U.S. Embassy in London issued an alert to U.S. citizens in the area.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;Emergency message for U.S. Citizens - please read + share: \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://t.co/q6klShOZZ4\\\"\\u0026gt;https://t.co/q6klShOZZ4\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt; \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://t.co/53L0TD0L7G\\\"\\u0026gt;pic.twitter.com/53L0TD0L7G\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 U.S. Embassy London (@USAinUK) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/USAinUK/status/871157369048358912\\\"\\u0026gt;June 4, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nIn Washington, President Donald Trump sent a message of support and help to Britain, but he also tweeted that the attacks across the ocean emphasized the correctness of his strict policies on immigration. Other users of social media, both in the U.S. and in Britain, criticized Trump.\nInitial chaos\nFew details of what occurred were confirmed officially in the chaotic first hours.\nIt was after 10 p.m. in London when the first alarms sounded about a wild driver steering his vehicle deliberately into pedestrians on London Bridge, and most of the accounts that followed for several hours came from multiple sources on the ground \u2014 witnesses, bystanders and journalists.\nMost witnesses said they saw a white van heading toward Borough Market veer off the roadway at high speed, probably in excess of 80 kilometers per hour (50 mph), and drive into pedestrians; about five to eight people who had been walking across the bridge were hit and thrown to the pavement.\nSeveral witnesses had said it appeared that the attackers had escaped after knocking over the pedestrians. Other witnesses said they saw at least two people who had been stabbed in a restaurant close to Borough Market.\n\"We will release facts when we can,\" London's Metropolitan Police said on Twitter. \"Our info must be accurate.\"\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-partner=\\\"tweetdeck\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;Van was going \\\"about 50 mph\\\" as it plowed into pedestrians on the London Bridge, estimates a reporter at the scene \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://t.co/aMKKx7NKwP\\\"\\u0026gt;https://t.co/aMKKx7NKwP\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt; \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://t.co/GnB8iq3ae1\\\"\\u0026gt;pic.twitter.com/GnB8iq3ae1\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Los Angeles Times (@latimes) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/latimes/status/871137838066257921\\\"\\u0026gt;June 3, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nPolice posted tweets updating the situation throughout the night and launched a social media campaign calling on the public to \"RUN, HIDE, TELL\" \u2014 in other words, to first go to a safe place quickly. \"If there's nowhere to go, then HIDE,\" the police announcement said. \"Turn your phone to silent and turn off vibrate. Barricade yourself in if you can,\" and call police when it is safe to do so.\nMay was monitoring the situation from her office at 10 Downing Street. In Washington, White House press secretary Sean Spicer said U.S. security officials were following the events in London closely, and that Trump was up to date on the details.\nTrump himself posted a note on Twitter saying, \"Whatever the United States can do to help out in London ... we will be there.\"\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-partner=\\\"tweetdeck\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;Whatever the United States can do to help out in London and the U. K., we will be there - WE ARE WITH YOU. GOD BLESS!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/871145660036378624\\\"\\u0026gt;June 3, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nHis first tweet about the London attack, sent several minutes earlier, appeared to refer to the incident in the context of his administration's efforts to restrict immigration to the U.S.: \"We need to be smart, vigilant and tough. We need the courts to give us back our rights. We need the Travel Ban as an extra level of safety!\"\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-partner=\\\"tweetdeck\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;We need to be smart, vigilant and tough. We need the courts to give us back our rights. We need the Travel Ban as an extra level of safety!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/871143765473406976\\\"\\u0026gt;June 3, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nLondon Map\nLondon Bridge crosses the River Thames between central London and the South London neighborhood known as Borough Market, which lies several hundred meters from the bridge itself.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;Met Police confirm more than one person is dead after London incidents\\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://t.co/Adi7rvUgoo\\\"\\u0026gt;https://t.co/Adi7rvUgoo\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt; \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://t.co/PfyNyl5DGD\\\"\\u0026gt;pic.twitter.com/PfyNyl5DGD\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Daily Mirror (@DailyMirror) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/DailyMirror/status/871138818543558658\\\"\\u0026gt;June 3, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nSaturday's incident came less than two weeks after the terror attack in Manchester, England, killed 23 people following a concert by American singer Ariana Grande. The pop star, who was badly shaken by the attack but uninjured, was scheduled to return to Manchester Sunday to perform a benefit concert for victims of the suicide attack and their families.\nVOA's Luis Ramirez, Jamie Dettmer and Jeff Seldin contributed to this report.\nIN PHOTOS: Van Hits Pedestrians on London Bridge\nLondon Attack, June 3, 2017\n",
        "caption": "Police attend to an incident on the London Bridge in London, June 3, 2017.",
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        "id": "23669_1",
        "answer": [
            "pub and restaurant patrons to move to safety"
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        "bridge": [
            "Police"
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        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_03_3885732",
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        "question": "What is the person in the middle of the image going to continue talks on?",
        "context": "Indonesian President to Visit Australia for Talks on Trade, Security\nSYDNEY \u2014\u00a0\nIndonesian President Joko Widodo is making his first visit to Australia Saturday, in a sign that tensions early this year have eased and relations between the two Asia-Pacific neighbors are stable.\nAustralia\u2019s relationship with its heavily populated northern neighbor is often turbulent. It soured when Australia supported East Timorese independence from Indonesia in 2002. \nMore recently in 2015, diplomatic tension rose when Jakarta executed two members of an Australian drug trafficking gang despite pleas for mercy from Canberra. In January, Indonesia briefly suspended bilateral military ties after a dispute at an Australian Special Forces base in Perth. \nOptimism for trade progress\nThose anxieties have soothed, and there is optimism that Widodo\u2019s visit will see meaningful progress on a free trade agreement.\nAaron Connelly, an analyst at the Lowy Institute, a Sydney-based think tank, says ties between the two countries are in good shape.\n\u201cThe remarkable thing here is that despite that background of irritation that we see on occasion, relations between the two are actually pretty good,\u201d Connelly said. \u201cMinisters on both sides have good relationships with their counterparts, and you also have Australian feelings towards Indonesia at a high.\n\u201cIn our Lowy Institute poll last year we asked Australians to rank countries on a thermometer from zero to 100, and Indonesia ranked at 56 degrees, which is the highest result we have ever seen in 11 years of polling,\u201d he added.\nSouth China Sea also on agenda\nWidodo and Australian Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull are also expected to discuss the dangers posed by radicalized fighters returning home from the conflict in Iraq and Syria. Tensions over the South China Sea are an additional topic on the agenda, along with the possibility of joint navy patrols in the area.\nWhile significant, the Indonesian leader\u2019s visit to Sydney will be brief. He arrives Saturday and flies home after lunch Sunday.\nHe was forced to cancel an earlier state trip to Australia last November because of violent disturbances in Jakarta. \n",
        "caption": "Indonesian President Joko Widodo (center) participates in a meeting with Australian business leaders during his visit to Sydney, Australia, Feb. 25, 2017. ",
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        "id": "33276_1_2",
        "answer": [
            "a free trade agreement"
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            "Widodo"
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        "question": "What had the person to the right of the leftmost person in the image done?",
        "context": "Perry Staying Busy, Gaining in Enthusiasm at Energy Department\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nRick Perry twice ran for president and appeared as a contestant on TV's Dancing with the Stars.\nBut since becoming President Donald Trump's energy secretary, Perry has kept a low profile and rarely has been seen publicly around Washington. Comedian Hasan Minhaj joked at the White House Correspondents' Association dinner that Perry must be \"sitting in a room full of plutonium waiting to become Spider-Man. That's just my hunch.\"\nIn truth, Perry has been busy \u2014 but far away from the capital.\nHe has toured Energy Department sites around the country, represented the Trump administration at a meeting in Italy and pledged to investigate a tunnel collapse at a radioactive waste storage site in Washington state.\nPerry has visited a shuttered nuclear waste dump at Nevada's Yucca Mountain and cautiously began a yearslong process to revive it.\nAsia trip\nOn Thursday, Perry embarked on a nine-day trip to Asia, where he planned to check on the progress made since a 2011 nuclear meltdown in Fukushima, Japan, and reaffirm the U.S. commitment to help decontaminate and decommission damaged nuclear reactors. Perry also was to represent the United States at a clean-energy meeting in Beijing.\nThe former Texas governor says he's having the time of his life running an agency he once pledged to eliminate. Perry has emerged as a strong defender of the department's work, especially the 17 national labs that conduct cutting-edge research on everything from national security to renewable energy.\n\"I'm telling you officially the coolest job I've ever had is being secretary of energy ... and it's because of these labs,\" Perry, 67, told an audience last month at Idaho National Laboratory, one of several he has visited since taking office in March.\n\"If you work at a national lab ... you are making a difference,\" Perry said.\nU.S Secretary of Energy Rick Perry, second from left, accompanied by Laboratory Director Charlie McMillan, second from right, learns about capabilities at the Los Alamos National Laboratory's Plutonium Facility, from Jeff Yarbrough, right, Los Alamos associate director for plutonium science and manufacturing, in Los Alamos, N.M., May 10, 2017.\nThe energy chief soon will have a chance to back up those words when he and other officials head to Capitol Hill to defend a budget proposal that slashes funding for science, renewables and energy efficiency.\nParis accord\nPerry probably will be asked to defend Trump's decision to withdraw from the landmark Paris climate accord. Perry said Thursday that the U.S. remains committed to clean energy and that he was confident officials could \"drive economic growth and protect the environment at the same time.\"\nThe administration has called for cutting the Office of Science, which includes 10 national labs, by 17 percent. The proposed budget would reduce spending for renewable and nuclear energy, eliminate the popular Energy Star program to enhance efficiency and gut an agency that promotes research and development of advanced energy technologies.\nPerry, who served 14 years as Texas governor, likened the spending plan to an opening offer that he expects to see significantly changed in Congress.\n\"I will remind you this is not my first rodeo when it comes to budgeting,\" he said during a recent tour of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Tennessee. \"Hopefully we will be able to make that argument to our friends in Congress \u2014 that what DOE is involved with plays a vital role, not only in the security of America but the economic well-being of the country as we go forward.\"\nEnergy lobbyist Frank Maisano said Perry's actions show instincts honed in his tenure as Texas's longest-serving governor.\n\"He's trying to find out what he needs to find out \u2014 hearing about these issues from the front lines,\" Maisano said.\nWhile Perry will never match the scientific expertise of his most recent predecessors at the Energy Department, nuclear physicists Steven Chu and Ernest Moniz, his political skills may offset that knowledge gap, Maisano said.\nRenewable energy support\nDuring his Oak Ridge visit, Perry pledged to be \"a strong advocate\" for Oak Ridge and other labs. He has spoken out in favor of renewable energy, such as wind and solar power, noting that while he was governor, Texas maintained its traditional role as a top driller for oil and natural gas while emerging as the leading producer of wind power in the United States and a top 10 provider of solar power.\nU.S. Secretary of Energy Rick Perry speaks to reporters at an Earth Day display at Fair Park in Dallas, April 21, 2017.\nAbigail Hopper, president and CEO of the Solar Energy Industries Association, said she had \"a very positive conversation\" with Perry at a meeting in April.\n\"He was very interested in our technology and how it can be utilized,\" she said in an interview.\nPerry also \"knew exactly where Texas was in solar installation,\" Hopper said \u2014 No. 9 in the nation, compared with its top ranking among wind-producing states.\nHopper, a former Interior Department official under President Barack Obama, said she and Perry did not discuss her federal service \u2014 but did talk about how national labs can boost the solar industry.\n\"It was good to make that connection between the research and how it translates into the marketplace,\" she said. \"He gets it.\"\n",
        "caption": "U.S Secretary of Energy Rick Perry, second from left, accompanied by Laboratory Director Charlie McMillan, second from right, learns about capabilities at the Los Alamos National Laboratory's Plutonium Facility, from Jeff Yarbrough, right, Los Alamos associate director for plutonium science and manufacturing, in Los Alamos, N.M., May 10, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/80D573A2-666B-46A5-AA90-97A31E62ED5E.jpg",
        "id": "5072_2",
        "answer": [
            "Twice ran for president and appeared as a contestant on TV's Dancing with the Stars.",
            "twice ran for president and appeared as a contestant on TV's Dancing with the Stars"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Rick Perry",
            "U.S Secretary of Energy Rick Perry"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_03_3885731",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_03_3885731_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What nations among the people in the image were the most important?",
        "context": "Cyprus Talks Moving Toward Endgame\nGENEVA \u2014\u00a0\nUnited Nations officials say negotiations aimed at wrapping up a reunification deal for the divided Mediterranean island of Cyprus will resume next week.\nThe adviser to the U.N. secretary general on Cyprus, Espen Barth Eide, described Thursday\u2019s international conference on the island as a turning point for negotiations. For the first time over decades of off-again, on-again negotiations, he noted the Greek and Turkish Cypriot sides presented maps of their preferred internal administrative borders of a newly-formed federated union of Cyprus. \n\u201cIt was seen by both sides as a sign that this thing is moving towards the endgame\u2026. And I think there is a momentum now and I think that larger political developments remind us that it is probably, or quite securely, very important that we use these coming days as effectively as we can and in as constructive a spirit as possible,\u201d Eide said.\nA working group of senior technical experts will meet January 18 in Geneva to hold discussions on critical security issues. At the same time, leaders of the Greek and Turkish Cypriot communities will continue negotiations in Cyprus to overcome remaining stumbling blocks on matters including property rights, territorial disputes and governance.\nA couple walks past a U.N. guard post at the fence that divides the Greek and Turkish Cypriot areas, as they stroll at the Turkish Cypriot northern part of the divided capital Nicosia in the eastern Mediterranean island of Cyprus, Jan. 11, 2017.\nHopes 'a united federal Cyprus can emerge'\nThe possibility of a reunification pact could hinge on a resolution of security guarantees for a unified Cyprus. Turkey currently has 30,000 troops stationed in the northern Turkish part of Cyprus. In recent statements, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan has rejected a full withdrawal of Turkish troops from Cyprus unless Greece also agrees to withdraw its troops.\nEide said he understands the security concerns, but expressed hope that this long-standing dispute finally can be laid to rest.\n\u201cAnd a united federal Cyprus can emerge and also be embraced in a security arrangement that is mutually acceptable for all sides, hence the involvement of the guarantor powers,\u201d Eide said. \nForeign ministers of Turkey, Greece and Britain, the three so-called guarantor powers, attended the international conference. Eide said it is likely that heads of those governments will attend a future international conference if negotiations are successful in removing remaining obstacles to a reunification deal.\nCyprus has been split between a Greek Cypriot south and a Turkish Cypriot north since 1974, when Turkish forces invaded the island after a military coup aimed at reunifying Cyprus with Greece. Only Turkey recognizes the separate Turkish Cypriot government.\n",
        "caption": "European foreign ministers attend the Cyprus reunification talks at the United Nations in Geneva, Switzerland, Jan. 12, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/6945E8CE-4E1D-47AD-B361-41F5BCE3B0C7.jpg",
        "id": "24714_1",
        "answer": [
            "Turkey, Greece and Britain"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Foreign ministers"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_13_3675415",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_13_3675415_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What types of events are the people in the image against?",
        "context": "Foreigners in S. Africa: Xenophobic Attacks a Daily Danger\nJOHANNESBURG, SOUTH AFRICA \u2014\u00a0\nSouth Africa grabbed international attention earlier this year with images of angry demonstrators attacking foreign residents and their businesses. This type of xenophobic violence, analysts say, is largely driven by high unemployment, inequality and frustration with the government\u2019s failure to provide everyone with basic services.\nBut like those enduring challenges, xenophobic attacks are also proving hard to wipe out. The nation has seen eruptions of major anti-foreigner violence in 2008, 2014, 2015, 2016, and earlier this year. Members of immigrant communities and watchdog groups say xenophobic violence is a daily occurrence.\nSharon Ekambaram leads the refugee and migrant rights program for Lawyers for Human Rights. She said her rights group hears daily accounts of crimes against immigrants, and South African authorities are often reluctant to intervene when foreign nationals are targeted.\n\u201cIt\u2019s not only my opinion, but it is well documented,\u201d she said. \u201c... And these acts of violence are a combination of very, very reckless statements that have been made by politicians, unsubstantiated statements using foreign nationals as scapegoats for their failure to implement policies and deliver services that they are constitutionally obliged to do.\u201d\nIn central Johannesburg, Abdirizak Ali Osman, secretary-general of the Somali Community Board, agrees.\n\u201cXenophobia in South Africa has never ended, and I think for me it is never going to end,\u201d he said, rattling off a number of recent reports his office in central Johannesburg has received of lootings, robberies, and threats.\n\u201cIt happens on a daily basis, on a very small scale, in different parts of the country.\u201d\nFILE - A man replaces a broken window at a tavern in Philippi township, on the outskirts of Cape Town, South Africa.\nScared and silent\nForeign shopkeepers say they are regularly targeted because of their nationality. One, Fatuma Hassan, said she has taken to wearing a face-covering niqab so that she can speak freely about the threats she faces.\n\u201cXenophobia not one time, two times, three times - several times\u201d she said. \u201cUp to now, they came to me, took $300 from my shop. Now my brother came through to here, he told me that they looted, even today in my shop.\u201d\nAnother Somali businessman, Soweto shopowner Mustafa Omar Caddow, said he recently stood by helplessly as a rampaging mob took at least $30,000 worth of appliances from his shop and then trashed the place.\n\u201cThis month, in the evening around eight, the people who was destructing, they came, and they looted the shop,\u201d he said. \u201cThey break, and they took everything. There is nothing left.\u201d\nPeople attend a march against xenophobic attacks in downtown Johannesburg, South Africa.\nSafety in numbers\nHere in the predominantly Somali suburb of Mayfair, residents say they feel safety in numbers. They need it, they say, because they do not feel the government has listened to their suggestions on how to improve safety.\n\u201cI was expecting that at least they will say, we are going to take care of you from now on, so this will not happen,\u201d said Caddow. \u201cThey do not say.They say, \u201cActually, we can do nothing.\u201d\nSouth African police did not answer repeated calls from VOA seeking comment.\nCaddow, whose wife and children still live in war-torn, unstable Somalia, said he longs to be reunited with his loved ones after nearly eight years apart.\nBut, he said, it just isn\u2019t safe.\n",
        "caption": "People attend a march against xenophobic attacks in downtown Johannesburg, South Africa.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/301124F3-99BA-4F0C-8E90-70DC5AEE88B3.jpg",
        "id": "23586_3",
        "answer": [
            "attacking foreign residents and their businesses"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "attacking"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_24_3868927",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_24_3868927_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the full name of the acronym that protects people like those in the image?",
        "context": "Undocumented US Students, Living in Limbo\nRALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA \u2014\u00a0\n\u201cI cried,\u201d said Itzel Gonzalez, on learning she was eligible for DACA, the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program that granted temporary immunity to undocumented young people who were brought to the United States as children.\nIt was during her last year on high school. \u201cI was like, I can work. I can earn some money this summer to help my mom out. ... I can go to school and get my license. I cried that day.\"\nGonzalez came to North Carolina from Mexico when she was 4 years old. She didn't learn her status was illegal until she was in high school and wanted to apply to colleges and get her driving license.\n\u201cMy mom would be like, you can't do that. And I was just like, but why?And I have always wondered what's a social security [card]? What is that? Do I have one, do I need one?\u201d\nWatch: Life in Limbo Requires Courage\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nLife in DACA Limbo Requires Courage\nShare this video\n0:02:11\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:11\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 6.4MB\n360p | 9.7MB\n720p | 60.4MB\n1080p | 41.3MB\nShe soon discovered that without a nine-digit Social Security number issued by the federal government to U.S. citizens, permanent residents and temporary (working) residents, she could not apply to college, obtain a driving license or get a job. She was effectively shut out of the only country she really knew, where she had lived most of her life.\nThe Obama-era DACA, which deferred deportation and granted work permits for a renewable two-year period, was a lifeline, not only to Gonzalez but also to almost 50,000 undocumented young people in North Carolina. The Atlantic seaboard state has a high percentage of the at least 750,000 DACA recipients nationwide.\nLiving in limbo\nDACA's survival, however, has been uncertain since President Donald Trump took office in January.\nTrump campaigned on a promise to undo DACA. As VOA reported, he has since angered immigration hardliners by declaring himself divided on a \"very, very tough\" issue. No announcements have been made about the program's future, leaving DACA recipients in limbo.\nEighteen-year-old Edith Galvan, who has been in the U.S. since she was 6, is not letting the program's uncertain status force her into the shadows. \"I have a drive for social justice and change and helping everyone,\" says the first-year social work major at Meredith College here.\nRecently, Galvan organized her first protest for her boyfriend's father, Vicente Marcial Noyola, an unlawful immigrant and father of seven U.S.-born children. Marcial Noyola was detained for driving without a license and is due to be deported.\nChanting \"Free Vicente now,\" about 50 people gathered in front of the Wake County Detention Center in this state capital. Standing in front of the group and the news media, Galvan introduced each of Marcial Noyola's children, who range in age from 5 to 21. \nThe small protest had almost no chance of convincing immigration authorities to let Marcial Noyola go, but that did not stop Galvan.\n\"He shouldn't be taken away from his kids, who are so young and innocent,\" she said.\n(Update: Galvan has reported that Marcial Noyola was released from custody on May 21 after the driving without a license charge was dropped. He is back home with his children.)\nAlisha Marcial, daughter of Vicente Marcial Noyola, gets emotional during a vigil in front of the Raleigh, NC, jail where her father is detained. Marcial said she has a \"very close relationship with my dad.\" (A.Barros/VOA)\nDepending on DACA\nGonzalez is a senior at Meredith College. A cross-country runner, she was recruited by the school.\n\"I talked to them about my situation \u2026 and Meredith helped me financially a lot, and that's how I'm able to graduate in May,\" she said.\nDACA recipients are not eligible for taxpayer-funded assistance.\nGonzalez initially wanted to go to medical school but ended up majoring in public health, finding it \"more useful to do public health and help people prevent diseases.\"\nNow she is struggling once again to see into the future. She has already started looking for jobs, mostly with the government; but the jobs require her to be a U.S. citizen.\n\"Bridges not walls\" was one of the many messages during a protest in honor of Vicente Marcial Noyola. (A. Barros/VOA)\nInstead, Gonzalez says she will sign up for AmeriCorps, a government-run program that places thousands of young people in yearlong public service jobs in nonprofits, schools, public agencies, and community and faith-based groups across the country.\nAmeriCorps is one avenue that is open to DACA recipients \u2014 if DACA survives.\n\u201cI don't know what's going to become of DACA,\u201d says Gonzalez, \u201cand I depend on it a lot.\n\u201cThe things that I have gone through, I wouldn't want anybody else to go through, because I know the feeling and it's a horrible feeling, especially for kids.\u201d\n(This is the second in a two-part series from Raleigh. The first part, on immigration hardliners who want to undo DACA, can be seen here.)\n",
        "caption": "Edith Galvan, an undocumented immigrant and DACA recipient, talks to people at a small protest outside the county jail in Raleigh, North Carolina. It was the first protest organized by the Meredith College student. (A. Barros, VOA)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/FB930ED8-4C7A-4966-A9CA-872C99ACE3ED.jpg",
        "id": "5540_1",
        "answer": [
            "Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "DACA",
            "undocumented"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_12_3806697",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_12_3806697_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the people in the image discuss?",
        "context": "Tillerson Travels to Kuwait in Hopes of Brokering Qatar Deal\nU.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson travels to Kuwait Monday to try to help broker a deal between Qatar and its Gulf neighbors.\nKuwait has tried to mediate a resolution between the small monarchy on the Arabian Peninsula and its neighbors, but has been unsuccessful so far.\nTillerson met with top Qatari and Kuwaiti officials late last month in an effort to end the escalating standoff, but he is apparently taking a more hands-on role in the negotiations with his trip to Kuwait. The secretary of state has emphasized the need for all parties to exercise restraint to allow for productive diplomatic discussions.\nGulf neighbors cut ties\nSaudi Arabia, Bahrain, the United Arab Emirates and Egypt have imposed trade and diplomatic embargoes on Qatar. The Saudi-led group has suspended all relations with Qatar and has accused the oil-rich nation of supporting extremist groups and destabilizing the region, claims Qatar has denied.\nThe Gulf states have also shown no willingness to ease their 13-point list of demands, which includes calls for Qatar to downgrade its relations with Iran and close the Qatari-state-funded Al-Jazeera news network.\n\u201cWe believe that this could potentially drag on for weeks. It could drag on for months,\u201d State Department spokeswoman Heather Nauert said last week, about the row among the Gulf states.\nTrump weighed in\nAfter his first trip abroad to Saudi Arabia, U.S. President Donald Trump, weighed in on the Qatar crisis, albeit in a way that contrasted his views with those of his secretary of state.\n\u201cThe nation of Qatar unfortunately has historically been a funder of terrorism at a very high level,\u201d Trump said last month, \u201cand in the wake of that GCC [Gulf Cooperation Council] nations came together and spoke to me about confronting Qatar over its behavior.\u201d\nAfter the Saudis and their neighbors instituted a land, air and sea blockade of Qatar, Iran and Turkey promised to help the Qataris weather the diplomatic crisis.\nUS bases\nTillerson said in a statement: \u201cOur role has been to encourage the parties to get their issues on the table, clearly articulated, so that those issues can be addressed and some resolution process can get under way to bring this to a conclusion.\u201d\nQatar hosts the largest U.S. military base in the region, Al Udeid Air Base, while Bahrain, which is allied with Saudi Arabia in its anti-Qatar stance, is home port for the U.S. Fifth Fleet. \n",
        "caption": "FILE - Secretary of State Rex Tillerson (right) meets with \u200eQatari Foreign Minister Sheikh Mohammed bin Abdulrahman Al Thani, June 27, 2017, at the State Department in Washington.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/8AFC79C8-A7FD-4BB4-A5F9-E52A7F52FB96.jpg",
        "id": "17353_1",
        "answer": [
            "the escalating standoff"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Tillerson "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_09_3934509",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_09_3934509_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What country fosters disruption in the country of the lady in the image?",
        "context": "UN Court Rejects Provisional Measures on Russia Over Ukraine\nMOSCOW \u2014\u00a0\nThe International Court of Justice (ICJ) at The Hague has rejected Kyiv's call to impose provisional measures against Russia for its support of rebels in eastern Ukraine, while acknowledging Kyiv has a case against Moscow for discrimination in Russia-annexed Crimea.\n\"At this stage of the proceedings, Ukraine has not put before the court evidence which affords a sufficient basis to find it plausible that these elements are present,\" said Presiding Judge Ronny Abraham. \"Therefore, the court concludes that the conditions required for the indication of provisional measures in respect of the rights alleged by Ukraine on the basis of ICSFT [International Council Supporting Fair Trial] are not met.\"\nThe ICJ said Kyiv had failed to provide evidence that Russian funding was connected directly to civilian deaths in Ukraine, where 10,000 people have perished since fighting broke out in February 2014.\nKyiv filed a lawsuit against Russia at the ICJ for intervening militarily in Ukraine, financing separatists that Kyiv labels \"terrorists,\" the shooting down of civilian passenger plane MH17 in July 2014, and discriminating against Crimean Tatars and Ukrainians in the annexed peninsula.\nUkraine asked the United Nations-established court to take provisional measures to stop Russia from fueling the conflict, as it can take months for the court to decide if it will take a case.\nFILE - The Agents of the Russian Federation, Roman A. Kolodkin, Ilya Rogachev and Grigory Lukiyantsev, attend the opening day of hearings at the International Court of Justice in The Hague, March 6, 2017.\n'Supporting terrorism' rejected\nThe court's ruling Wednesday means the ICJ will make no immediate demand against Russia for violating the International Convention for the Suppression of Financing Terrorism, as Kyiv was seeking.\n\"From the very start, there was an incorrect approach in determining the status of both the [self-proclaimed] LNR [Lugansk Peoples' Republic] and DNR [Donetsk Peoples' Republic] as terrorist groupings, but they are no Islamic State,\" said Kyiv's Institute of Global Strategies' Vadim Karasev. \"They are rather classical separatist groupings.\"\nWhile evidence has accumulated in reports of Russia's military support for the conflict, analysts and observers say calling it terrorism hampered Kyiv's case.\nWhile the ICJ rejected provisional measures against Russia, it demanded Moscow ensure the rights of minority Tatars and Ukrainians in Russia-annexed Crimea and said Kyiv had a case showing otherwise.\n\"With regards to the situation in Crimea, the Russian Federation must comply in accordance with its obligation under International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination,\" said ICJ's Abraham.\nCrimean Tatars were some of the most vocal opponents of Russia's annexing of the peninsula in March 2014. Thousands have since fled as Russia took control of Tatar media and banned the highest body representing the minority group, the Mejlis.\nThe ICJ urged Moscow to end its limitations on the Crimean Tatar community's representative institutions, like the Mejlis. The judges said Russia must also ensure there are no limits on access to Ukrainian language education on the peninsula.\nFILE - The Agent of Ukraine, Olena Zerkal, speaks on opening day of hearings in the case of Ukraine v. Russian Federation at the International Court of Justice, The Hague, March 6, 2017.\nWelcomed decision\nDespite the court's rejection, Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko, speaking during a visit to London, welcomed the ruling.\n\"The international court in The Hague recognized its jurisdiction over both court cases. We are confident that today we are pursuing the right course, and hope for a successful hearing of these cases,\" he said.\n\"For us, this decision of the court is a positive one,\" said Ukraine's deputy foreign minister, Olena Zerkal. \"We proved our position and we see that we have a very good perspective for the hearings on merits, and we're going to actually put forward all our intentions and efforts in order to prove our position on merits.\"\nRussian officials also welcomed the interim ruling.\nThe State Duma international affairs committee's first deputy chairman, Dmitry Novikov, said it was \"quite natural\" the court made such a decision.\n\"If any court demonstrates minimal objectivity in pronouncing judgments, it should make these decisions on the basis of certain evidence. The fact that there is no evidence of Russia's support to terrorism, it is quite a natural thing, and the fact that the court has to agree on it, is quite a natural thing,\" Novikov told Russia's Interfax news agency.\n\"Submission of a lawsuit by Ukraine, it is clear that it is a part of an information and political war, which the Ukrainian authorities are waging against Russia, involving different international institutions, such as the U.N. International Court in The Hague,\" he added.\nAnalysts described the ruling Wednesday as balanced and expected.\n\"Meaning that, well, it's a pretty well-balanced decision when neither Ukrainian nor Russian side can feel like they've been somehow, well, humiliated by the decision,\" said Nickolay Petrov, head of the Center for Political Geographic Research. \"And, at the same time, it's only the beginning of a long-term process.\"\nRussia has already rejected the authority of the court, which does not have the ability to enforce any of its rulings.\n\"Yes, but symbols do play a very important role in international politics,\" noted Petrov. \"That's why Russian authorities do pay a lot of attention on different international court rulings. And, it's understandable that they're trying to avoid any cases where Russia can be really punished for violating international laws.\"\nWhile the ICJ rejected making immediate demands against Russia for supporting Ukraine's rebels, it urged both sides not to take any actions that would aggravate the conflict.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - The Agent of Ukraine, Olena Zerkal, speaks on opening day of hearings in the case of Ukraine v. Russian Federation at the International Court of Justice, The Hague, March 6, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/87F78147-6980-46A2-B65F-18C20F58D9F6.jpg",
        "id": "26015_3",
        "answer": [
            "Russia "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Ukraine"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_19_3817312",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_19_3817312_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What are the people in the image accused playing the role of?",
        "context": "Venezuela Death Toll Hits 29; Protesters Battle Security Forces\nCARACAS \u2014\u00a0\nVenezuelan security forces fired scores of tear gas volleys and turned water cannons on rock-throwing protesters on a bridge in Caracas on Wednesday as the death toll from this month's anti-government unrest hit at least 29.\nA 20-year-old male demonstrator died in those latest clashes in the capital after being hit by a gas canister, said officials of the eastern Chacaco district.\nGovernment authorities also announced two new fatalities from clashes earlier this week: a 22-year-old who received various gunshot wounds at a protest in Valencia city, and a 28-year-old government supporter shot in the stomach in Tachira state.\nThe wave of protests since early April against socialist President Nicolas Maduro have sparked Venezuela's worst violence since 2014. Demonstrators want elections to end the socialists' two-decade rule, but the South American nation's brutal economic crisis is also fueling anger.\n\"I want everything to end: the hunger, the murders, the corruption, all the ills we are suffering. We have to stay in the street until there is change. We are the majority,\" said student Ricardo Ropero, 20, at a march in Caracas.\nOpposition supporters attend a rally against Venezuela's President Nicolas Maduro in Caracas, Venezuela, April 26, 2017. The smoke in the background is tear gas.\nRed-shirted supporters of Maduro, the 54-year-old former bus driver who succeeded Hugo Chavez in 2013, also rallied on the streets of the capital, punching their fists in the air and denouncing opposition \"terrorists.\"\nMaduro says his foes are seeking a violent coup, with U.S. connivance, like a short-lived 2002 putsch against Chavez.\nBattle on bridge\nAmid another day of nationwide opposition rallies, the worst trouble in Caracas on Wednesday occurred when National Guard troops and police blocked off a highway where several thousand demonstrators were marching downtown.\nOn a bridge in east Caracas, they fired dozens of tear gas canisters, which masked youths picked up to hurl back at them or into a nearby trash-strewn river.\nTraffic once again ground to a standstill as the zone resounded to the familiar sounds of the near-daily clashes. When water cannons were turned on the marchers, they fell back and skirmishes spread to surrounding streets through the afternoon.\nOpposition leaders accuse Maduro of seizing dictatorial powers and unleashing repression on peaceful protesters, but the opposition's ranks do include groups of youths who hunt for trouble, hurling Molotov cocktails or burning property.\nAs well as wanting a general election, Maduro's opponents are demanding the release of jailed activists, humanitarian aid to help offset shortages of food and medicine, and autonomy for the opposition-led legislature.\nMore than 1,500 people have been arrested during the protests this month, with 800 still detained, according to rights group Penal Forum.\nMaduro narrowly won election in 2013 against opposition leader Henrique Capriles, but the economic crisis has battered his public approval ratings since then.\nThe latest data from pollster Datanalisis, cited by a client, showed Maduro's popularity edged up a couple of points to 24.1 percent in March, possibly due to the impact of subsidized food distribution bags known as CLAPs.\nHe has called for local state elections, postponed from 2016, to be held soon, but has shown no sign of supporting an early presidential election. The opposition now has majority support and the ruling Socialists would likely lose any vote.\n",
        "caption": "Opposition supporters clash with security forces during a rally against Venezuela's President Nicolas Maduro in Caracas, Venezuela, April 26, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/4BFC6FBB-9C21-4924-BA0F-7D7A1DB58D44.jpg",
        "id": "19764_1",
        "answer": [
            "Maduro of seizing dictatorial powers and unleashing repression on peaceful protesters",
            "None",
            "terrorists"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "opposition",
            "Opposition supporters"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_26_3827043",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_26_3827043_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person with the beard in the image do?",
        "context": "Kremlin: No Reason to Believe Gays Abused in Chechnya\nMOSCOW \u2014\u00a0\nVladimir Putin's spokesman says the Russian president has no reason to doubt the Chechen leader's assurances that there's no persecution of gays in his republic, despite reports by a respected Russian newspaper of a roundup of gay men there.\nSpokesman Dmitry Peskov also told journalists Thursday that investigators have found no evidence to back up reports by the Novaya Gazeta newspaper this month that police in the predominantly Muslim republic in southern Russia rounded up more than 100 men suspected of homosexuality and that at least three of them were killed.\nPutin met late Wednesday with Chechen leader Ramzan Kadyrov, who in the televised portion of the meeting suggested Putin should not believe the \u201cprovocative\u201d reports.\nThe reports, however, have been taken seriously by the U.N. High Commissioner for Human Rights and prominent international organizations, which have urged the Russian government to investigate.\nElaborating on Wednesday's Kremlin meeting, Peskov said the Chechen leader told Putin the reports were \u201cslanderous\u201d and had angered many Chechens, but that journalists should not feel threatened.\nNovaya Gazeta has said it fears for the safety of its journalists after threats were made during a large gathering of elders and Islamic leaders in Chechnya.\n\u201cKadyrov's confirmation that everything will be done within a legal framework was of course approved by the president,\u201d Peskov said.\nAnna Politkovskaya, a Novaya Gazeta reporter who built an international reputation with her reports on abuses in Chechnya, was shot dead in Moscow in 2006.\n",
        "caption": "Russian President Vladimir Putin, left, meets with Chechnya's regional leader Ramzan Kadyrov in the Kremlin in Moscow, Russia, April 19, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D2C35522-6036-4017-AEBA-300128246A5D.jpg",
        "id": "30095_1",
        "answer": [
            "suggested Putin should not believe the \u201cprovocative\u201d reports."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Ramzan Kadyrov"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_20_3818254",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_20_3818254_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What are the people in the image trying to make?",
        "context": "Bill Clinton and James Patterson Co-Writing a Thriller\nNEW YORK \u2014\u00a0\nNeither Bill Clinton nor James Patterson has ever tried something like this before.\nThe former president and the best-selling novelist are collaborating on a thriller, \"The President is Missing,\" to come out June 2018 as an unusual joint release from rival publishers \u2014 Alfred A. Knopf and Little, Brown and Co. In a statement Monday provided to The Associated Press, the publishers called the book \"a unique amalgam of intrigue, suspense and behind-the-scenes global drama from the highest corridors of power. It will be informed by details that only a president can know.\"\nKnopf has long been Clinton's publisher, and Patterson has been with Little, Brown for decades. \"The President is Missing\" is the first work of fiction by Clinton, whose best-known book is the million-selling \"My Life.\" For Patterson, it's the chance to team up with a friend who knows as well as anyone about life in the White House.\n\"Working with President Clinton has been the highlight of my career, and having access to his firsthand experience has uniquely informed the writing of this novel,\" Patterson said in a statement. \"I'm a storyteller, and President Clinton's insight has allowed us to tell a really interesting one. It's a rare combination \u2014 readers will be drawn to the suspense, of course, but they'll also be given an inside look into what it's like to be president.''\n\"Working on a book about a sitting president \u2014 drawing on what I know about the job, life in the White House and the way Washington works \u2014 has been a lot of fun,\" Clinton said in a statement. \"And working with Jim has been terrific. I've been a fan of his for a very long time.\"\nA political release from the 1990s had a similar arrangement: Random House and Simon & Schuster jointly published the nonfiction \"All's Fair\" by husband-and-wife campaign consultants James Carville and Mary Matalin.\nKnopf and Little, Brown declined to offer any more details about the book, including whether it refers to President Donald Trump, who last fall defeated Clinton's wife, Hillary Clinton. Financial terms for the novel, which the authors began working on late in 2016, were not disclosed. Clinton and Patterson share the same literary representative, Washington attorney Robert Barnett, who negotiated the deal. \"The President is Missing\" will be co-written, co-published and co-edited \u2014 Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group chairman Sonny Mehta is working on the manuscript with CEO Michael Pietsch of Hachette Book Group, the parent company of Little, Brown.\n\"This is a blockbuster collaboration between two best-selling authors,\" Mehta and Pietsch said in a joint statement, \"and the pages we've read to date are riveting, full of intricate plotting and detail. This is a book that promises to entertain and delight millions of readers around the world, and we are thrilled to be working on it together and with our esteemed houses supporting us.\"\nPresidents and ex-presidents have been turning out books for a long time, but novels are rare. Jimmy Carter, a prolific and wide-ranging author since leaving the White House in 1981, released the historical novel \"The Hornet's Nest\" in 2003. A presidential daughter, Margaret Truman, had a successful career with her \"Capital Crime\" mystery series.\nClinton's other books include \"Giving\" and \"Back to Work.\" Patterson and various co-authors complete several works a year, ranging from young adult novels to the Alex Cross crime series.\nPenguin Random House \u2014 which has published both Clinton and Patterson \u2014 has U.K., Commonwealth and European rights to the collaboration.\n\"This unprecedented collaboration with its compelling mix of insider knowledge and edge-of-the-seat suspense is utterly irresistible,\" said Susan Sandon, divisional managing director at Penguin Random House in a statement.\n",
        "caption": "In this combination photo, former President Bill Clinton, left, appears at a political event at Upper Moreland High School in Willow Grove, Pa. on April 12, 2012, and author James Patterson appears at a photo session in New York on Aug. 30, 2016. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/EE7AA183-4B37-4F38-9F51-C9DEF953602C.jpg",
        "id": "18983_1",
        "answer": [
            "a thriller"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "former president"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_08_3842980",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_08_3842980_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the goal of the people in the image?",
        "context": "Mosul Old City Battle Goes House to House as IS Fighters Defend\nMOSUL/BAGHDAD \u2014\u00a0\nIslamic State fighters defended their remaining stronghold in the Old City of Mosul, moving stealthily along narrow back alleys and slipping from house to house through holes in walls as U.S.-backed Iraqi forces slowly advanced.\nThe intensity of fighting was lower than on Sunday, when Iraqi forces announced the start of the assault on the Old City, a Reuters visuals team reported from near the front lines.\nThe historic district, and a tiny area to its north, are the only parts of the city still under the militants' control. Mosul used to be the Iraqi capital of the group, also known as ISIS.\n\"This is the final chapter\" of the offensive to take Mosul, said Lieutenant General Abdul Ghani al-Assadi, senior commander in Mosul of Counter Terrorism Service.\nThe militants are moving house to house through holes knocked through inner walls, to avoid air surveillance, said Major-General Sami al-Arithi of the Counter Terrorism Service, the elite units spearheading the fighting north of the Old City.\n\u201cNow the fighting is going on from house to house inside narrow alleys and this is not an easy task,\u201d he told state TV.\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nMosul Battle Slows as Civilians Forced Behind IS Lines\nShare this video\n0:00:47\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:47\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 2.4MB\n360p | 3.7MB\n720p | 23.2MB\nThe Iraqi army estimates the number of Islamic State fighters at no more than 300, down from nearly 6,000 in the city when the battle of Mosul started on October 17.\nMore than 100,000 civilians are trapped in the densely-populated maze of narrow alleyways making up the Old City, with little food, water or medical treatment.\n\"An estimated 50,000 children are in grave danger as the fighting in Mosul enters what is likely to be its deadliest phase yet,\" Save the Children said Sunday night in a statement.\nIraqi soldiers say the Old City is surrounded, but the frontlines are fluid as IS continues to fight to expand, taken in Mosul, Iraq, June 15, 2017.\n\u2018Caliphate\u2019 nears end\nA U.S.-led international coalition is providing air and ground support to the campaign.\nThe fall of Mosul would, in effect, mark the end of the Iraqi half of the \"caliphate\" that Islamic State leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi declared in a speech from a mosque in the Old City three years ago and which once covered swathes of Iraq and Syria.\nThe Iraqi government initially hoped to take Mosul by the end of 2016, but the campaign took longer as militants reinforced positions in civilian areas to fight back.\nIslamic State is using suicide car and motorbike bombs, booby traps and sniper and mortar fire against the troops.\nHundreds of civilians fleeing the Old City have been killed in the past three weeks, as Iraqi forces could not fully secure exit corridors.\nIslamic State snipers are shooting at families trying to flee on foot or by boat across the Tigris River, as part of a tactic to keep civilians as human shields, according to the United Nations.\nThe militants are also retreating in Syria, mainly in the face of a U.S.-backed Kurdish-led coalition. Its capital there, Raqqa, is under siege.\nBaghdadi has left the fighting in Mosul and Raqqa to field commanders, becoming effectively a fugitive in the border area between Iraq and Syria.\nAbout 850,000 people, more than a third of the pre-war population of the northern Iraqi city, have fled, seeking refuge with friends and relatives or in camps, according to aid groups.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Iraqi special forces advance to the Islah al-Zarai area in Mosul, Iraq, May 11, 2017.\n",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/C95F7AD3-2D54-4E06-A3F3-71A5AE7AB426.jpg",
        "id": "6221_1",
        "answer": [
            "Announced the start of the assault on the Old City ",
            "the assault on the Old City"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Iraqi special forces ",
            "forces"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_19_3906306",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_19_3906306_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "How did the owners of the vehicles in the image support their actions?",
        "context": "Outrage at Video Swift in Mexico, But Will It Derail Proposed Law?\nMEXICO CITY \u2014\u00a0\nThe apparent execution of a wounded fuel theft suspect by a Mexican soldier caught on video has provided graphic evidence of a long-suspected practice and put the government in an awkward spot as it tries to pass a security law critics say could shield troops. \nOutrage at the surveillance camera video posted by media this week was swift from human rights groups, which said it provided rare evidence of an extrajudicial execution by security forces. \nPresident Enrique Pena Nieto has limited his public comments to saying there should be an investigation.\nProposed security law\nIt remains unclear how the shocking images will affect public perception of the Mexican military\u2019s role in combating organized crime as congress\u2019 lower chamber debates a law that Pena Nieto has said is needed to give certainty to the armed forces in its policing role. \nHuman rights groups say the proposed law would make it more difficult to hold the military accountable for its actions, and some are linking the incident seen in the video to the legislation.\n\u201cIf the interior security law is approved, it is predictable that this type of situation will continue occurring,\u201d Mexican rights group Security without War said in a statement Friday. \nA military convoy patrols a road near Palmarito Tochapan in Puebla State, May 10, 2017.\nMilitary in crime fight\nThe video appears to show a soldier shooting a wounded man in the back of his head as he lay on the ground during a May 3 encounter between the army and gunmen defending their fuel theft business in the town of Palmarito in central Puebla state. In total, the day\u2019s combat left six civilians and four soldiers dead.\nMexican officials have defended such military operations as necessary in the face of growing fuel theft by gangs, often linked to organized crime, which tap into gasoline and diesel pipelines. The practice costs the country $780 million to $1 billion each year, Mexico\u2019s treasury secretary has said.\nThe armed forces have played a prominent role in combating organized crime and drug cartels in Mexico for more than 20 years, and many local police forces were deemed so corrupt that they were disbanded. There is widespread support among Mexicans for the military taking over their policing duties. \nAbuses foreseeable\nMexico\u2019s energy resources are considered critical infrastructure, so using federal forces to protect them is considered fair game, said Erubiel Tirado, coordinator of the national security, democracy and human rights program at Iberoamericana University in Mexico City. \nTirado said human rights abuses by soldiers in such situations were foreseeable.\n\u201cIn a confrontational situation or an operation against criminals or enemies, they aren\u2019t going to look for prisoners,\u201d he said. \u201cThey are going to kill. This is what the video shows.\u201d\nMilitary and public opinion\nThe apparent extrajudicial execution in Puebla was just the latest such controversy. And whether the latest accusations of human rights abuses reverberate with the public is far from certain.\nIn a 2012 survey, polling company Parametria found that 62 percent of respondents said the human rights of drug traffickers needn\u2019t be respected.\nParametria has been measuring the public\u2019s perception of the army for years and found that confidence has ranged between 52 percent and 75 percent since 2002. That has consistently ranked it among the top three most respected institutions in Mexico, trailing the Roman Catholic Church. It\u2019s most recent appraisal put it at 58 percent in January. And six out of 10 Mexicans surveyed said they prefer having the army in the streets to having the police. \nBut the incident in Puebla undoubtedly comes at an inopportune time for Pena Nieto and the armed forces, with human rights groups clamoring against the law. Some are criticizing proposed provisions that would give the military greater domestic intelligence-gathering powers and say it would make it more difficult for civilian authorities to investigate military abuses. \n",
        "caption": "A military convoy patrols a road near Palmarito Tochapan in Puebla State, May 10, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/A8DAA967-0E53-4FEE-9D3C-E332482A9F14.jpg",
        "id": "24349_2",
        "answer": [
            "necessary in the face of growing fuel theft by gangs"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "military"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_13_3850431",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_13_3850431_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What could the person holding the child in the image receive more of?",
        "context": "Turkey Launches Roundup of Islamic State Suspects Ahead of Vote\nResponding to threats by the Islamic State group to disrupt Turkey's constitutional referendum on Sunday, Turkish authorities have detained scores of people nationwide suspected of links to the outlawed terror group.\nIS called on its followers to attack polling places during the referendum, in which voters will make a yes-or-no choice on whether Turkey should shift from its current parliamentary system of government to an executive presidency. President Recep Tayyip Erdogan's administration has been campaigning hard and marshaling media resources to press for a \"yes\" vote, which would greatly expand the president's powers.\nIn a directive to its followers, IS said, \"Choosing a lawmaker other than God is a curse.\" The admonition was published in the latest issue of Rumiyah, an online magazine the extremists use for propaganda and recruitment.\nTurkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdogan holds a young girl during his last rally ahead of Sunday's referendum, in Istanbul, April 15, 2017.\nIS issued a similar call earlier this month in its Arabic newsletter El-Naba, asking its supporters in Turkey \u2014 including \"lone wolves,\" those who are not part of any organized cell or group of fighters \u2014 to sabotage the referendum in any way possible. The goal is to prevent Turks from voting, Islamic State said, adding: \"Use whatever means you have at hand to create ultimate chaos.\"\nAll who take part in the referendum, whatever their political sympathies, are heretics and infidels, IS said in a rallying call to its sympathizers: \"We are asking all our brothers to target all polling places. Strike those places, burn them, destroy and demolish them. Kill all those heretics and polytheists who go to vote.\"\nPeople walk on leaflets regarding the upcoming referendum in Istanbul, April 15, 2017. Turkey is heading to a contentious referendum on April 16, on constitutional reforms to expand Turkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdogan's powers.\nSince the IS threats were issued, Turkish police and security forces have begun operations in provinces throughout the country, rounding up those suspected of ties to IS.\nSecurity forces detained five people in Istanbul. Turkish media reports detailed more than 20 arrests linked to Islamic State in the provinces of Istanbul, Adana, Gaziantep, Kirikkale and Mersin.\nThere were no official reports on the total number of those detained nationwide, but it was believed that scores of suspects were arrested. The government-funded Anatolian news agency reported that those in custody were preparing \"sensational attacks\" in connection with the referendum.\nProsecutors in Mersin province, on the Mediterranean coast in southern Turkey, said they had received intelligence reports warning of possible attacks on Sunday. and that a number of suspects with links to IS had been arrested. A prosecutors' statement added: \"Turkish police are still looking for three more suspects. During searches at the suspects' homes, police also found various printed IS publications, digital materials, a hunting rifle and some ammunition.\"\nSince Turkey took on a larger role in the coalition campaign against Islamic State in neighboring Syria and Iraq in mid-2015, the country has been targeted by IS militants several times.\nTurkey recently concluded its Operation Euphrates Shield, an eight-month campaign in Syrian border areas aimed at crushing IS operations there.\n",
        "caption": "Turkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdogan holds a young girl during his last rally ahead of Sunday's referendum, in Istanbul, April 15, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/250C8F5F-934C-4420-A9D6-4B041C12D171.jpg",
        "id": "28056_2",
        "answer": [
            "powers"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "President Recep Tayyip Erdogan"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_15_3811644",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_15_3811644_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person speaking in the image warn against?",
        "context": "Study: Cambodian Media Ownership Concentrated Among Elite\nCambodia's wealthy elite is increasingly buying media outlets, according to a joint Media Ownership Monitor (MOM) project by Reporters without Borders and the Cambodian Center for Independent Media. Among 27 owners surveyed in the project, nine are business and political tycoons and 10 are politically affiliated.\nExperts say these media owners are keen to protect their interests and the interests of the government which protects them \u2014 at the expense of providing news to citizens.\nIn Cambodia, many media owners are tycoons, or oknha in Khmer, the primary language. The king confers this title once a person contributes $100,000 to a so-called social development cause. As of 2012, approximately 2.66 million of Cambodia's 15.9 million people lived on less than $1.20 per day, and the estimated per capita income was $3,700, according to the CIA World Factbook.\n\"If [the tycoons] are involved in politics, then I would say it even gets more problematic,\" Charles Davidson, executive director of Kleptocracy Initiative at Hudson Institute, told VOA Khmer. He spoke to VOA in a phone interview after a recent event in the Kleptocracy and Democracy Debate Series, held in Washington.\nFILE - A participant asks a question during a Kleptocracy and Democracy Debate in Washington, D.C., Dec. 1, 2016. (Say Mony/VOA Khmer)\n\"So, I would say that's a danger and it's a worldwide trend,\" Davidson said.\nThe control of media by wealthy elites in developing countries and democracies in transition is a worrying trend, which could potentially lead to danger, according to media experts in the United States.\nConflicts of interest\nThe wealthy who own media outlets have many other financial interests, and there are often obvious \u2014 and subtle \u2014 conflicts of interests. The result can be a media environment that bows to power rather than speaking truth to it, as is the best practice in many developed democracies, according to experts.\n\"If the power gets concentrated in one country with no democratic traditions and no good journalistic traditions, and there is one guy who comes out on top, and there is not any competition any more, then I think there is a very dangerous situation,\" said Martha Bayles, media professor at Boston College in Massachusetts, in an interview with VOA at the Washington event.\nThe trend toward a concentration of media ownership in developing democracies is emerging as the media worldwide \u2014 especially the independent and critical outlets in developed democracies \u2014 come under attack by politicians and the powerful for reporting facts that negatively touch on the business or political interests of the elite.\nLast week, in response to perceived media attacks on the Trump administration, Stephen Bannon, the president's chief White House strategist, told The New York Times that \"The media here is the opposition party.\"\nIn Cambodia, Pa Nguon Teang, the executive director of the Cambodian Center for Independent Media, said when media ownership is concentrated among the wealthy elite, it will lead to a government less accountable to the people it is supposed to serve.\nFILE - Pa Nguon Teang, executive director of the Cambodian Center for Independent Media, is shown at Phnom Penh Municipal Court, Aug. 18, 2016. (Leng Len/VOA Khmer)\n\"Those working in the media controlled by tycoons or big business people under the political influence from the ruling party and the government, dare not voice their other opinions contrary to the political line already set by their media outlets,\" he told VOA. \"So, this makes a loss to independent viewpoints needed by Cambodian people.\"\nOr, as Davidson put it, \"The media is going to be under the government control entirely, and anybody who is practicing journalism outside of that control is essentially a dissident.\"\nAccusations against Hun Sen\nCritics say the Cambodian government led by Hun Sen, one of Asia's longest-serving prime ministers, has been attempting to control or influence the media through various means, either by having family members own media outlets or suppressing those independent voices critical of his government and his more than 30-year rule.\nCambodia has more than 100 radio stations, dozens of television stations and more than 400 newspapers in operation within the country, according to the government figures. Most of the media outlets are owned, controlled or run by the ruling elites. Critics often say such outlets devote most of their broadcast time to entertainment programs rather than news, in part as a way to take people's attention away from government or ruling-class businesses.\nJeff Gedmin, a former president of VOA-affiliated Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty and a senior research fellow at Georgetown University, told VOA Khmer at the debate that \"we want to inform the people, too, in a responsible way.\n\"You can't have good decisions unless you have good facts,\" he said, adding, \"All of us, whether you are Cambodian or American.\"\nGovernment response\nPhay Siphan, a Cambodian government spokesman, said authorities do not control any media outlets except the only state-run National Radio of Kampuchea (RNK) and National Television of Kampuchea (TVK).\n\"All have freedom of speech and are free to broadcast anything because they are private media,\" he said in a phone interview. \"The state does not provide funds like the ones received by Voice of America and Radio Free Asia. In this country, the media survive by themselves.\"\nFILE - Sok Eysan, spokesman for the Cambodian People's Party (CPP), talks to reporters in Phnom Penh, Jan. 5, 2017. (Hul Reaksmey/VOA Khmer)\nLikewise, Sok Eysan, a spokesman of the ruling Cambodian People's Party, which has been in power since 1979, said each media outlet owner is the person who decides what to broadcast without getting any orders from the government or the party.\n\"The prime minister has never threatened a general director of any radio or TV station to broadcast his activities. Whether they want to broadcast them or not is up to each of them,\" he said.\n\"If we determine that you have to write about or broadcast this or that, for example broadcast only boxing and not any concerts, then that's not possible,\" Eysan added. \"It depends on the producer of the program to make sure they have all sorts of entertainments in all art forms.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Martha Bayles, left, a professor at Boston College, and Jeff Gedmin, a senior fellow at Georgetown University, talk on Kleptocracy and Democracy Debate in Washington, D.C., Dec. 1, 2016. (Say Mony/VOA Khmer)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/870478DB-FF8C-4ED2-B267-C7122170C377.jpg",
        "id": "24781_1",
        "answer": [
            "no democratic traditions and no good journalistic traditions"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Martha Bayles"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_02_3703907",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_02_3703907_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What view does the person portrayed on the screen in the image have?",
        "context": "Japan, South Korea Brace for Trump Protectionist Policies\nSEOUL \u2014\u00a0\nWith President Donald Trump\u2019s emphasis on \u201cAmerica First\u201d economic policies, Japan and South Korea are bracing for contentious negotiations over trade and defense sharing costs.\nIn his inauguration address on Friday, President Trump said he would enact protectionist policies to end free trade practices that he said had caused the U.S. economy to decline while enriching foreign industry.\n\u201cWe must protect our borders from the ravages of other countries making our products, stealing our companies, and destroying our jobs. Protection will lead to great prosperity and strength,\u201d Trump said in his inaugural address.\nThe White House also issued a statement that the U.S. would renegotiate the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), which was signed in 1994 by the United States, Canada and Mexico.\nPresident Trump is also expected to withdraw from the Trans Pacific Partnership (TPP) free trade agreement that has yet to be ratified. The TPP includes the U.S., Japan and 10 other Pacific Rim countries that account for 40 percent of the world\u2019s economy.\nLeaders in Asia reacted with caution on Monday to Trump\u2019s tough talk on trade.\nJapan\nJapan\u2019s Chief Cabinet Secretary Yoshihide Suga told a news conference that Tokyo wants to further deepen economic ties with Washington.\nBut Tokyo shares fell on Monday morning, signaling a negative Japanese market reaction to Trump's inauguration speech.\nJapan's Parliament ratified the TPP on Friday, the day President Trump took office. Prime Minister Shinzo Abe has said without U.S. participation, the pact would become \u201cmeaningless.\u201d\nAbe had sent a congratulatory message to President Trump after he was sworn in, saying he looks forward to working hand in hand with the new president to ensure the peace and prosperity of the Asia-Pacific region.\nThe Japanese Foreign Minister Fumio Kishida said efforts are underway to arrange a meeting soon between Abe and Trump, so that the Japanese leader can stress the importance of the TPP pact.\nOver 1,000 Japanese companies also have operations in Mexico that export to the U.S., and that could suffer from any changes in NAFTA.\nJapanese business leaders have voiced concern that U.S. protectionism will lead to a global economic downturn.\n\u201cA protectionist approach, such as quitting the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) and renegotiating the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), will have a significant negative impact on the world economy,\u201d said Akio Mimura, chairman of the Japan Chamber of Commerce and Industry, in a written statement on Saturday\nSouth Korea\nSouth Korea is not a member of the TPP but does have a free trade agreement (FTA) with the U.S. that Trump also criticized during the campaign. Some American companies have complained that South Korea tries to get around the FTA by imposing excessive and confusing non-tariff regulations on U.S. imports.\nOn Monday South Korea's Acting President and Prime Minister Hwang Kyo-ahn said his government has been in contact with the Trump administration to reassure them that they are living up to their end of the agreement.\n\u201cWe are fully explaining the mutual benefits and the contributions we have been making to South Korea and U.S. relations, to persuade them. So we will continue our efforts to improve the relationship through cooperation,\u201d said Acting President Hwang during a press conference. \nDefense costs\nIn his inaugural address President Trump also vowed to change U.S. policies that, \u201csubsidized the armies of other countries while allowing for the very sad depletion of our military.\u201d \nDuring the campaign Trump included Japan and South Korea among what he called \u201cfree rider\u201d nations that were not properly reimbursing the U.S. for defense sharing costs. There are over 50,000 American troops stationed in Japan and more than 28,500 in South Korea to maintain regional security and to defend its allies in case of an attack from North Korea or China.\nThe Korea Times newspaper in an editorial on Monday said the Seoul government should cooperate and prepare \u201cwin-win\u201d strategies to deal with the U.S. on \u201cthorny issues\u201d such as the possible demand by the U.S. for South Korea to a take on a larger share of defense costs.\nBoth countries, however, argue they are currently in compliance with current defense sharing agreements. Tokyo reportedly pays about $1.6 billion in defense costs, and Seoul contributes over $866 million annually to Washington for the military bases in their countries.\n",
        "caption": "Employees of a foreign exchange trading company work near monitors showing President Donald Trump and the Japanese yen's exchange rate in Tokyo, January 23, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D3C2310D-F490-4587-AE20-B1C1D24C6BB0.jpg",
        "id": "24750_1",
        "answer": [
            "\u201cAmerica First\u201d"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Donald Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_23_3687704",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_23_3687704_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in the middle of the image promise?",
        "context": "Activists: Hong Kong to Arrest Democracy Leaders\nHONG KONG \u2014\u00a0\nHong Kong police on Monday told at least nine organizers of 2014's pro-democracy demonstrations they will face charges, protest leaders said, an ominous sign just a day after a new Beijing-backed leader was chosen, vowing to unite society.\nThe move, which has already provoked anger and disbelief among democrats, heightened political tension in the Chinese-ruled city, with a protest rally to be held outside police headquarters in the Wanchai bar district on Monday night.\nFormer chief secretary Carrie Lam was chosen by a 1,200-person committee to lead the city, pledging in her victory speech to unite political divisions that have hindered policy-making and legislative work.\nBut the timing of the telephone calls, almost 2\u00bd years after the protests brought parts of the city to a standstill for months, is unlikely to help heal wounds.\nA man takes a selfie with Carrie Lam, chief executive-elect, a day after she was elected in Hong Kong, China, March 27, 2017.\nSociology professor Chan Kin-man, one of the core protest leaders, said police told him he would be charged with three crimes, including participating and inciting others to participate in \"public nuisance\".\n\"I am already mentally prepared for this, but I am very worried about Hong Kong's future,\" Chan told Reuters.\nIt wasn't immediately clear why authorities had waited so long to pursue the charges. The police did not immediately respond to a Reuters request for comment.\nAsked by reporters about the timing, Lam said she couldn't intervene with prosecutions carried out by the administration of incumbent leader Leung Chun-ying.\n\"I made it very clear that I want to unite society and bridge the divide that has been causing us concern, but all these actions should not compromise the rule of law in Hong Kong and also the independent prosecution process that I have just mentioned,\" said Lam, who will take office on July 1. Chan, however, disputed this.\n\"The message is strong. Carrie Lam said she wanted to mend the society, but the message we got today is prosecution. I don't see how the society's cracks can be mended,\" Chan told Reuters.\nHong Kong returned from British to Chinese rule in 1997, with the promise of a high degree of autonomy and other freedoms not enjoyed on the mainland, but Communist Party rulers in Beijing never hid their anger at the protests which they deemed illegal.\nLawmaker Tanya Chan said at least nine protest leaders including herself received calls from the police notifying them of their charges.\nCarrie Lam waves after she won the election for Hong Kong's next Chief Executive as Woo Kwok-hing stands next to her in Hong Kong, March 26, 2017.\nAnother protest leader, University of Hong Kong law professor, Benny Tai, confirmed to Reuters by text he had been contacted by police.\nLam met with incumbent leader Leung Chun-ying earlier on Monday. They shook hands and both expressed confidence in a \"smooth and effective\" leadership transition.\nLam was Leung's deputy as chief secretary for the past five years and is known as a tough, though competent administrator.\nThe next few months will be critical for Leung and Lam, with Chinese President Xi Jinping expected to pay a visit on July 1 to celebrate Hong Kong's 20th anniversary of the handover, with large protests expected.\nPart of the public mistrust towards Lam stems from her close working relationship with the staunchly pro-Beijing Leung, who protesters say ordered the firing of tear gas on protesters in 2014.\nBalance\nAll of Hong Kong's three other post-handover leaders have struggled to balance the demands of China's stability-obsessed Communist Party leaders, with the wish of many residents to preserve the global financial hub's liberal values and rule of law that have long underpinned its economic success.\n\"She has been elected pretty much solely on the support of Beijing,\" said political scientist Ma Ngok.\n\"If that's the case, she might have a lot of debts that she has to repay to her supporters in Beijing.\"\nStudent activist Joshua Wong, 20, one of the leaders of the student-led \"Umbrella Movement\" protests in 2014, said last week Lam's victory was \"a nightmare\" for Hong Kong.\n\"Theoretically, the chief executive is a bridge between the central government and the Hong Kong people,\" he said. \"But Lam will be a tilted bridge. She will only tell us what Beijing wants and won't reflect what the people want to the communist regime.\"\n",
        "caption": "Protesters raises an umbrella and placard reading: \"I want genuine universal suffrage\" to protest as former Hong Kong Chief Secretary Carrie Lam, center, declares her victory in the chief executive election of Hong Kong while former Financial Secretary John Tsang, left, and retired judge Woo Kwok-hing stand with her in Hong Kong, March 26, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/140BAC88-D1D7-4C40-AF43-47C055A1408D.jpg",
        "id": "33032_1_1",
        "answer": [
            "to unite political divisions"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Carrie Lam"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_27_3783202",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_27_3783202_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What form of work do the people in the image do?",
        "context": "'Last Men in Aleppo' a Testimonial on Crimes Against Humanity\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nIn Aleppo, Syria, even as Bashar al-Assad\u2019s regime destroys the city and its inhabitants with barrel bombs and airstrikes, many civilians risk their lives to rescue the injured and pull the dead from the rubble. Since 2013, these volunteers from all walks of life have created the Syrian Civil Defense, known to the world as The White Helmets. \nIn his documentary, Last Men in Aleppo, Syrian filmmaker Feras Fayyad delivers an unprecedented testimonial of their sacrifices and love for their besieged city. While bombs explode all around, White Helmets set off in their makeshift van, siren on, speeding to the latest site of destruction.\nKhaled is the main character, and though by no means the only hero, one gets attached to his stoic persona. Khaled is calm, a rock of strength to his community, a loving father to his two lively children. \nWe follow his gaze as he looks to the sky, eyeing the approaching bombers. Sometimes, they are Assad\u2019s, other times, they are Russian. The locals can tell them apart easily. Every sighting portends new attacks and death. \nFILE - In this Sept. 21, 2016, file photo, provided by the Syrian Civil Defense White Helmets, rescue crews work the site of airstrikes in the al-Sakhour neighborhood of the rebel-held part of eastern Aleppo, Syria.\nAfter the bombs drop\nIn the middle of a city in ruins, Khaled is one of the last men left in Aleppo to drag the injured and the dying from under tons of concrete.\nThey dig with shovels, with their hands, with everything they\u2019ve got. One of the most emotionally draining scenes is the gentle pulling of an infant from under the debris. The White Helmets drag the child out, head first, through a sharp jagged hole of a collapsed building. The baby is bleeding and powdered with dust, but he\u2019s alive. \nOther children are not that lucky. The camera focuses steadily as they are dragged out, while people scream, sob and rush to cradle the small, limp bodies.\nSundance award\nFilmmaker Feras Fayyad won one of the top awards at the Sundance Film Festival for Last Men in Aleppo. But he does not take full credit. The recording of these scenes was the work of a group of cinematographers, The Aleppo Media Center, who followed the White Helmets day and night under relentless bombings. \nFayyad said he wanted to call attention to the crimes against humanity committed in the city. He also wanted to show the world that these civilians who face death every day and live their lives in constant fear are no different than the rest of us.\n\u201cThere are markets, houses with families, people who fight for common values,\u201d he said. \u201cNo one is acting and the Syrians feel despondent. People did not choose this life. These people did not join ISIS. These people try to live,\u201d he said.\nLast Men in Aleppo focuses on those Syrians who chose to stay. Like Khaled.\nHe is very aware of the dangers his wife and children face daily. But he doesn\u2019t want to run. He tells his friend Abu Yousef, another White Helmet, that refugees are treated inhumanely and fears that if he sends his kids away they could face a dire fate without him, and that he might never see them again. \n\u201cThis is my city. I was born and raised here. Should I leave it to some stranger? I will not leave,\u201d he said.\nFayyad\u2019s documentary is an indictment of crimes against humanity. But it is also about compassion and resilience. In the middle of destruction, people still find joy among friends and family.\nTargeting civilians \n\u201cThis was one of the reasons that motivated me to make the story, the killings of civilians,\u201d Fayyad said. \u201cI started with the idea that the war brings out the worst in humans but also brings the best in humans.\u201d\nFayyad started filming the siege of Aleppo in 2013. He said he was arrested and imprisoned twice and had to leave the city. He could not return because, \u201ca huge number of people were being killed then by Russian bombings.\u201d \nAfter that, he employed the help of others, such as The Aleppo Media Center, video journalists and citizen journalists, who under his instructions would pick up a camera and document life and death in Aleppo. Nowadays, he lives in exile. He would face death should he return to Syria.\n\u201cI have the feeling of anger for the Russians, of course. I have the feeling of anger for the regime killing the Syrians every day. Now I\u2019m sitting here in the studio and there are bombings in places next to my family that is still living in Syria and I could lose my family any time,\u201d he said. \nWhen asked if he was surprised by reports that Assad had gassed his own people, he said, \u201cnot at all.\u201d\nThe film may be hard to watch but it must be watched. And though painful, it is also uplifting, depicting the altruism that cannot be smothered. \nWhile Last Men in Aleppo focuses on those Syrians who choose to stay in their war-torn country, it also helps us empathize with those who leave. During the filming of this documentary, Khaled, like countless others, was killed saving his neighbors.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - In this Sept. 21, 2016, file photo, provided by the Syrian Civil Defense White Helmets, rescue crews work the site of airstrikes in the al-Sakhour neighborhood of the rebel-held part of eastern Aleppo, Syria.",
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        "id": "7700_1",
        "answer": [
            "volunteer",
            "rescue the injured and pull the dead from the rubble"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Syrian Civil Defense White Helmets",
            "The White Helmets"
        ],
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    },
    {
        "question": "Who did the blonde person in the image spar with?",
        "context": "Trump Renews Attacks on Democrats and News Media\nU.S. President Donald Trump renewed his attacks Monday on two frequent targets \u2014 opposition Democrats and the news media.\nIn one of several comments on his Twitter account, Trump said, \"The first 90 days of my presidency has exposed the total failure of the last eight years of foreign policy!\" under former President Barack Obama. \"So true.\"\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\\"The first 90 days of my presidency has exposed the total failure of the last eight years of foreign policy!\\\" So true. \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/foxandfriends\\\"\\u0026gt;@foxandfriends\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/853942936337350656\\\"\\u0026gt;April 17, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nTrump did not cite any specific successes, but in the last two weeks launched a missile attack on Syria in response to its use of chemical weapons, something Obama never did, and praised the U.S. military for its use of the biggest non-nuclear bomb ever against Islamic State bunkers in Afghanistan.\nTrump, a business mogul turned Republican politician, also offered a literary review, praising \"a great book for your reading enjoyment.\" The joke book, \"Reasons to Vote for Democrats: A Comprehensive Guide,\" consists of more than 260 blank pages.\nIn a congressional election set for Tuesday, Trump contended that \"the super Liberal Democrat ...wants to protect criminals, allow illegal immigration and raise taxes!\"\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;The super Liberal Democrat in the Georgia Congressioal race tomorrow wants to protect criminals, allow illegal immigration and raise taxes!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/853964023846588420\\\"\\u0026gt;April 17, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nIn another tweet, Trump, who often has assailed news coverage of the first three months of his presidency, said, \"The Fake Media (not Real Media) has gotten even worse since the election. Every story is badly slanted. We have to hold them to the truth!\"\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;The Fake Media (not Real Media) has gotten even worse since the election. Every story is badly slanted. We have to hold them to the truth!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/853945633903923200\\\"\\u0026gt;April 17, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nThe president did not cite any specific story that had drawn his ire, but on Sunday said the news media had downplayed the election last week of a new Republican congressman from the Midwestern state of Kansas in a heavily Republican district after a Democrat lost the contest.\nU.S. President Donald Trump blows a whistle to start the White House Easter Egg Roll alongside first lady Melania Trump and his son Barron, right, on the South Lawn of the White House in Washington, April 17, 2017.\nTrump spent the Easter weekend at his Mar-a-Lago resort in Florida, returning to Washington for Monday's annual Easter Egg Roll for children and their families on the White House lawn.\n",
        "caption": "U.S. President Donald Trump blows a whistle to start the White House Easter Egg Roll alongside first lady Melania Trump and his son Barron, right, on the South Lawn of the White House in Washington, April 17, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/AD9D9A76-96AD-4AD2-A3A9-3651459F8367.jpg",
        "id": "14179_2",
        "answer": [
            "none",
            "opposition Democrats and the news media",
            "Opposition Democrats and the news media.\n"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "U.S. President Donald Trump"
        ],
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    },
    {
        "question": "How many people will become like those in the image?",
        "context": "Burundi's Government Frees Scores of Prisoners After Pardon\nBUJUMBURA \u2014\u00a0\nBurundi's government has started releasing scores of prisoners, including some accused of endangering state security, following a clemency order issued by President Pierre Nkurunziza.\nJustice Minister Aimee Laurentine Kanyana says a total of 2,500 prisoners are expected to be released. \nKanyana calls the release \"a surprise gift that the head of state is offering\" in the spirit of national reconciliation.\nKanyana says that among those benefiting from the clemency are 58 members of the opposition MSD party, whose leader Alexis Sinduhije is in exile.\nMany of those due to be released had been sentenced to jail terms of under five years and had served most of their terms.\nBurundi has been wracked by violence since April 2015, when Nkurunziza announced he would seek a disputed third term.\n",
        "caption": "Former inmates wave from a lorry after having been released from the Mpimba central prison in Bujumbura, Jan. 23, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/5C8BE515-7A7B-4462-831D-474DC1210EB3.jpg",
        "id": "4462_1",
        "answer": [
            "2,500"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "released"
        ],
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    },
    {
        "question": "What can the audience in the image be sure of thanks to the speaker?",
        "context": "A Look at James Comey's Memorable Moments on Capitol Hill\nJames Comey's appearance Thursday before the Senate intelligence committee, during which he's expected to describe his encounters with President Donald Trump in the weeks before he was fired as FBI director, is one of the most anticipated congressional hearings in years.\nTrump has derisively characterized Comey as a \"showboat.\" While that's hardly a label with which his supporters would agree, there's no question Comey has shown a flare for drama during other testimony.\nA look at some other riveting moments:\nFILE - President Barack Obama stands with James Comey during the presentation of colors at Comey's installation as FBI Director, Oct. 28, 2013, at FBI Headquarters in Washington.\nMay 15, 2007\n\"This was a very memorable period in my life; probably the most difficult time in my entire professional life. And that night was probably the most difficult night of my professional life. So it's not something I'd forget.\"\nSo began Comey's extraordinary recounting of a tense clash with fellow Bush administration officials in the hospital room of the ailing attorney general, John Ashcroft, three years earlier.\nHis narrative of having faced down senior White House officials, and of having drafted his own resignation letter as deputy attorney general, helped cement a reputation for political independence and moral certitude that President Barack Obama cited in 2013 when he nominated Comey for the FBI director job.\nThe confrontation came over the renewal of a domestic surveillance program whose legality Comey had strenuously questioned. Upon learning the White House counsel and chief of staff were looking to get approval from the barely conscious Ashcroft, Comey had his security detail redirect him to the hospital so he could intercept them.\nSpeaking to a rapt congressional audience, he described how he ran up the stairs to Ashcroft's darkened hospital room, positioned himself in an armchair next to the disoriented attorney general and waited for the White House officials, Alberto Gonzales and Andrew Card, to arrive. He had already taken steps to ensure that FBI agents who were present would not remove him from the room under any circumstances.\nAshcroft, who during his illness had conveyed the powers of his position to Comey, lifted his head off the pillow and expressed his own misgivings about the surveillance program. Then, according to Comey, he added: \"But that doesn't matter, because I'm not the attorney general.\"\nComey was, at least for the moment. And his objections mattered.\nFILE - FBI Director James Comey is sworn in on Capitol Hill in Washington, July 7, 2016.\nJuly 7, 2016\nDays after announcing in unusually public fashion the FBI's decision not to recommend charges in the Hillary Clinton email investigation, Comey faced nearly five hours of often-contentious questioning about how he had reached his conclusion.\n\"People can disagree, can agree, but they will at least understand that the decision was made and the recommendation was made the way you would want it to be \u2014 by people who didn't give a hoot about politics, who cared about what are the facts, what is the law,\" Comey told the House oversight committee.\nComey revealed new details of the investigation, repeating his assertion that Clinton had been extremely careless in her handling of classified email but also suggesting she might not have fully grasped the classification marking system. He also parried Republican contentions that anyone else accused of mishandling classified information would have been prosecuted, saying it would have been \"celebrity hunting\" to charge Clinton under statutes that didn't fit the conduct.\nComey faced criticism for his detailed discussion of a case that ended without criminal charges. The unusual nature of his testimony was laid bare the following week when Attorney General Loretta Lynch declined to answer many of the same questions Comey received.\n\"I know that this is a frustrating exercise for you,\" she told lawmakers.\nFILE - FBI Director James Comey testifies on Capitol Hill in Washington, March 20, 2017, before the House Intelligence Committee hearing on allegations of Russian interference in the 2016 U.S. presidential election.\nMarch 20, 2017\nThough it had been reported the FBI was investigating potential collusion between Russia and the Trump campaign, this House intelligence committee hearing marked the first time Comey confirmed its existence.\nIt's unusual for the FBI to ever publicly disclose an investigation, much less one that affects the president, and there was significant uncertainty ahead of the hearing about whether Comey would break from protocol and acknowledge the probe was under way.\nHe did as soon as he began speaking, saying that though it was rare for the FBI to discuss an investigation involving classified information, there are \"unusual circumstances\" when it might be appropriate.\n\"This,\" he said to dramatic effect, \"is one of those circumstances.\" \nHe continued: \"I have been authorized by the Department of Justice to confirm that the FBI, as part of our counterintelligence mission, is investigating the Russian government's efforts to interfere in the 2016 presidential election,\" including potential coordination between the campaign and Moscow.\nThat bombshell announcement made clear to everyone, including the president who later fired him, that the investigation was very real.\nFILE - Then-FBI Director James Comey pauses as he testifies on Capitol Hill in Washington, before a Senate Judiciary Committee hearing, May 3, 2017.\nMay 3, 2017\nJust six days before his firing, Comey strenuously defended his actions in the Clinton email case, including his decision to alert Congress just 11 days before the presidential election that the investigation was being revived because of newly discovered emails.\nComey told lawmakers that though it made him \"mildly nauseous\" to think his moves could have influenced the election, he would have made the same choices again.\nTo share information with Congress was \"really bad.\" To withhold it from them would have been \"catastrophic,\" he reasoned.\nThe appearance was also notable for misstatements Comey made, and that the FBI later corrected, about top Clinton aide Huma Abedin and her estranged husband, Anthony Weiner, on whose laptop the Clinton emails were found.\nHe could not have known then that the appearance before Congress would be his last as FBI director. But that didn't stop him from reflecting wistfully on his job in his opening statement, calling it the \"honor of my life.\"\n\"I know you look at me like I'm crazy for saying this about this job. I love this work. I love this job.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - FBI Director James Comey testifies on Capitol Hill in Washington, March 20, 2017, before the House Intelligence Committee hearing on allegations of Russian interference in the 2016 U.S. presidential election.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/5090643F-6430-4B38-9A67-F728D7A3070F.jpg",
        "id": "28599_4",
        "answer": [
            "the FBI was investigating potential collusion between Russia and the Trump campaign"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "House Intelligence Committee hearing"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_06_3889588",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_06_3889588_4"
    },
    {
        "question": "What was the job title of the man in the image?",
        "context": "For Russia and US, Uneasy Cooperation on Cybercrime Is Now a Mess\u00a0\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nAgents from the FBI and the U.S. Secret Service showed up in Moscow in May 2009 with a specific mission: to nab one of the world's most notorious hackers. But to do that, the Americans needed Russia's help.\nThey turned to the Federal Security Service (FSB), the country's main intelligence agency, and shared operational information with officers from its computer-crimes unit, the Center for Information Security.\nThe hacker, Roman Seleznyov, shut down his operations a month later in a move prompted, the U.S. believes, by a leak from the FSB. The credit-card fraudster, it turns out, had bragged in conversations intercepted a year earlier about his protection from the computer-crimes unit.\nUS court\nThe incident, detailed in the legal filings that resulted in a U.S. federal court recently sentencing Seleznyov to 27 years in prison, exposes an unintended consequence of Washington's cybercrime cooperation with Russia: the United States finds itself indicting some of the top-level Russian security officials it worked with. \nAt least one of those officials is a former hacker who worked with the FSB -- an agency accused of involvement in the hacking of U.S. political parties' computers in the run-up to the 2016 presidential election.\nAdding to the confusion is the fact that one of those very FSB officers has himself been charged in Russia with high treason.\nIn short, the Russians were recruiting hackers while the Americans sought to work with the FSB to thwart cybercriminals. Now the Americans are indicting -- and in Seleznyov's case, sentencing -- hackers tied in some way to the FSB. The Russians, meanwhile, are charging some of those same individuals with treason.\n\"Russia sees those who cooperated as traitors,\" explained Pavel Vrublevsky, a prominent e-payment entrepreneur who was imprisoned in Russia for ordering a cyberattack against a competitor. \"Now America sees the very same people as cybercriminals themselves.\"\nSeleznyov is not the first Russian to have been caught up in a widening U.S. dragnet that has snagged cybercriminals from around the world. Others include Aleksandr Panin, convicted in a federal court in Atlanta in 2016 for creating a computer program that infected millions of computers and drained bank accounts in multiple countries.\nWATCH: Czech Police Arrest Yevgeny Nikulin In Prague\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nCzech Police Arrest Yevgeny Nikulin in Prague\nShare this video\n0:01:11\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:11\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 3.5MB\n360p | 6.1MB\nThere's also Yevgeny Nikulin, who has sat in a Czech jail following his October arrest while Moscow and Washington both fight for his extradition. And the same day that Seleznyov was sentenced, U.S. prosecutors announced the indictment of another Russian, Pyotr Levashov, arrested in Spain, accusing him of masterminding a \"bot net\" of infected computers to steal money from bank accounts.\nSeleznyov, the son of a Russian lawmaker, raked in $170 million selling stolen credit-card information online beginning in 2007, according to U.S. officials. By 2009, his operation was one of the largest providers of such stolen data in the world.\nThe determination that Seleznyov was behind the scheme was what led U.S. investigators to seek the FSB's help in 2009, according to material submitted by prosecutors in a U.S. federal court.\nIn Moscow, they met with officials from the agency's Center for Information Security, including deputy chief Sergei Mikhailov and his subordinate, Dmitry Dokuchayev, current and former U.S. officials with knowledge of the case told RFE/RL.\nFILE - Moscow accused Washington of \"abducting\" Russian national Roman Seleznyev, center, after he was arrested in the Maldives on suspicion of being one of the world's most prolific traffickers of stolen credit card details in 2014.\nUnfortunately for the Americans, news of the meetings apparently leaked. Seleznyov shut down his so-called carding operations a month later.\nAs U.S. prosecutors noted in court documents, Seleznyov had been recorded telling a colleague in 2008 that he had \"obtained protection through the law-enforcement contacts in the computer-crimes squad of the FSB.\"\nSeleznyov eventually resurfaced using a different alias, but was indicted by a federal grand jury in 2011 and arrested by U.S. agents while vacationing in the Maldives in 2014. A federal jury convicted him on 38 counts in 2016, and he was sentenced on April 21 to 27 years in prison.\n\"Never before has a criminal engaged in computer fraud of this magnitude been identified, captured, and convicted by an American jury,\" prosecutors wrote in their court filings.\nIn from the cold\nThe 2009 Moscow discussion was just one of many between U.S. and Russian officials as they sought to work together in investigating international computer crimes. \nThe effort was largely ad hoc, and U.S. officials sought over the following years to a build a more formal arrangement, according to David Hickton, a former U.S. prosecutor involved in several high-profile criminal investigations of alleged Russian hackers. \nThey include the 2014 indictment of Yevgeny Bogachev, who is accused by the FBI of helping to build a network of infected computers around the world using software known as GameOver ZeuS, and using it to steal money from online bank accounts.\nCompeting legal systems, differences of opinion, and distrust proved to be formidable obstacles to cooperation.\n\"They tried to develop a dialogue that would lead to cybernorms and some understanding of [what the] rules of the road would be and how we would navigate our adversarial relationship,\" Hickton said of the Russians. \"And that broke down.\"\nLuke Dembosky, who was the resident legal adviser for the Justice Department in Moscow between 2010 and 2013, told RFE/RL that \"it was never easy working these kinds of cases with Russia. There were different systems, different laws, different interests.\"\nTo really make an international cybercase work, Dembosky explained, \"you need some alignment of interests and political will, and you need some commonality of law and capabilities.\"\nMore than anything, he said, \"you need some modicum of trust.\"\nA troubled relationship\nAs U.S.-Russian cooperation stumbled, the FSB's computer-crimes unit was growing in clout and notoriety, thanks in part to one officer's previous work as a hacker.\nDokuchayev, with whom the Americans met with during their 2009 meetings in Moscow, was once well-known in cybercircles under the nickname Forb.\nHe worked with other FSB officers, including one named Igor Sushchin, to recruit hackers to cooperate with the Russian agency on cyberactivities. Among the recruits was Aleksei Belan, who has been wanted by the FBI since 2012 for alleged hacking and computer fraud. \nOfficials from the FSB's Center for Information Security were also involved in the investigation of IT entrepreneur Vrublevsky, the founder of a successful online payment system called ChronoPay.\nHe was convicted in 2013 of orchestrating an attack on a ticketing system used by the airline Aeroflot. Mikhailov, Dokuchayev's superior in the computer-crimes unit, testified against Vrublevsky during the trial.\nU.S. intelligence officials have concluded that the hackers who broke into email accounts and computer servers belonging to the Democratic and Republican parties during last year's election campaign did so with authorization from top-level Russian officials.\nThe declassified summary of a report released on behalf of the intelligence community in January pointed the finger at the FSB's security rival, the military intelligence agency known as GRU. There was no mention of the FSB, or its computer-crimes unit.\nBut the previous month, then-President Barack Obama announced new economic sanctions and other punitive measures in response to alleged Russian hacking during the U.S. election campaign.\nThe list of those targeted included both the GRU and the FSB, as well as Belan and Bogachev.\nHigh treason\nJust prior to Obama's announcement, Russian security officials moved to arrest FSB computer-crimes unit officers Mikhailov and Dokuchayev. That news became public when the Russian newspapers Kommersant and Novaya Gazeta reported in January that the two had been charged with high treason for giving classified information to Western intelligence, including possibly the CIA.\nIn a dramatic twist, according to Kommersant, Mikhailov was detained during an FSB meeting and taken from the room with a bag over his head.\nThere has been no comment on Mikhailov's or Dokuchayev's arrests from the FSB or Russian prosecutors; the only confirmation of their incarceration came from the lawyer for another computer expert also caught up in the arrests.\nThe U.S. Justice Department did not respond to a phone message or e-mail seeking comment.\nIn March, Dokuchayev's name surfaced again when the U.S. Justice Department announced his indictment, and that of FSB officer Sushchin, in connection with the massive data breach at the Internet company Yahoo. Mikhailov's name does not appear in the indictments, although cyberexperts believe someone identified only as \"FSB Officer 3\" is, in fact, Mikhailov.\nSushchin, according to the indictment, worked as an undercover officer at the investment bank Renaissance Capital.\nThat indictment also named Belan, who U.S. officials said could have been arrested by the FSB at the behest of the FBI any time after being named a top wanted cybercriminal in 2012.\nInstead, \"the FSB officers used him,\" according to the indictment. \"They also provided him with sensitive FSB law-enforcement and intelligence information that would have helped him avoid detection by law enforcement, including information regarding FSB investigations of computer hacking and FSB techniques for identifying criminal hackers.\"\nGray zone\nFirst and foremost, the arrests and criminal charges in both Russia and the United States highlight what experts say is the blurry line between Russian law-enforcement and security agencies and criminal networks, in cybercrime or otherwise.\n\"Moscow still depends, to a considerable extent, on recruiting cybercriminals, or simply calling on them from time to time, in return for their continued freedom,\" Mark Galeotti, a Prague-based expert on Russian intelligence agencies, wrote in a report published on April 18.\nIt's a gray zone that poses substantial danger for Russia itself, according to one of the other Russians charged with treason stemming from the December arrests: Ruslan Stoyanov, a former Interior Ministry investigator.\nIn a letter published by the Dozhd TV channel, Stoyanov, who worked for the Moscow-based computer security company Kaspersky Lab, warned that cooperating with cybercriminals would only embolden them.\n\"The worst scenario would be to give cybercriminals immunity from punishment for stealing money in other countries in exchange for intelligence. If this happens, an entire layer of 'patriotic thieves' will appear, violating the principles of the rule of law and the inevitability of punishment,\" he wrote. \"We will see a new wave of crime in Russia.\"\nFormer U.S. prosecutor Hickton, who now heads the University of Pittsburgh Institute for Cyber Law, Policy and Security, said Russia could have easily arrested Bogachev after he was indicted in 2014 but there is no extradition treaty between the two countries.\nMoreover, according to the research firm Fox-IT, the infected computers believed to have been used by Bogachev were also allegedly used to search for information about top-secret government files in places such as Ukraine, Georgia, and Turkey. That suggests the involvement of someone who was more than a mere criminal hacker -- perhaps an operative working on behalf of an intelligence agency.\nBut the arrests also represent another facet of the collapsed relationship between Moscow and Washington.\nHickton said the Bogachev indictment may have been one factor in why U.S.-Russian cooperation in cybercrimes deteriorated. Or it may have merely been a casualty of other points of conflict between Washington and Moscow, such as Russia's seizure of Ukraine's Crimean Peninsula and support for separatists in Ukraine's east. \n\"This all -- this all is a mess,\" Vrublevsky told RFE/RL. \"And it's a mess to be dealt with in both countries. The sooner the better.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Moscow accused Washington of \"abducting\" Russian national Roman Seleznyev, center, after he was arrested in the Maldives on suspicion of being one of the world's most prolific traffickers of stolen credit card details in 2014.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/236534BD-4943-456B-8ED8-E68DF649BC77.jpg",
        "id": "25781_2",
        "answer": [
            "hacker"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Roman Seleznyov"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_29_3831295",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_29_3831295_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What was the nationality of the man killed in the country targeted in the image ?",
        "context": "Pentagon Confirms Death of Islamic State 'Grand Mufti'\nPENTAGON \u2014\u00a0\nThe Pentagon has confirmed the death of one of Islamic State\u2019s leading ideologues in a coalition strike late last month.\nTurki al-Binali, the terror group's so-called \u201cGrand Mufti,\u201d or chief cleric, was killed May 31 in an airstrike in Mayadin, Syria, Pentagon spokesman Capt. Jeff Davis told reporters Tuesday.\nAl-Binali was central in recruiting foreign fighters to Islamic State and was a close confidante of ISIS leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi.\n\u201cHe provided propaganda to incite murder and other atrocities,\u201d Davis said. \u201cHis recruiting efforts for the terror group also included multiple recorded lectures attempting to justify and encouraging the slaughter of innocents.\u201d\nReports say al-Binali also provided religious justification for the enslavement of hundreds of women from Iraq's Yazidi minority.\nBefore Tuesday\u2019s confirmation, some reports had said the Bahraini cleric died in an airstrike in Deir-Ez Zur, Syria, while other supporters claimed he died in the group\u2019s de-facto capital, Raqqa.\nThe death signifies a major blow to the group as it struggles with intensified attacks in Iraq and Syria.\nOfficials say some IS leaders have fled to Mayadin as the group comes under attack in Raqqa and Mosul, Iraq.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A missile is fired from city of Kermanshah, in western Iran, targeting the Islamic State group in Syria, June 19, 2017. Syrian government and allied troops have inserted themselves into the battle against IS militants by capturing key areas on the flanks of the coalition-led battle to seize Raqqa. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/E6CC7526-63C2-46D7-B2A5-76275E90B7B3.jpg",
        "id": "28269_1",
        "answer": [
            "Bahraini "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Syria"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_20_3908880",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_20_3908880_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is killing the person on the computer screen in the image?",
        "context": "German, US Doctors Approve Treatment for Ailing Chinese Dissident\nSHENYANG, CHINA \u2014\u00a0\nTwo Western physicians visited ailing Nobel Peace laureate Liu Xiaobo in a Chinese hospital Saturday and approved of the treatment he is receiving, according to the hospital.\nThe 61-year-old Liu was sentenced to 11 years in prison in 2009 for what his supporters call \"his long and nonviolent struggle for fundamental human rights in China\u201d before being transferred to a hospital in the northeastern city of Shenyang for treatment of terminal liver cancer.\nNumber One Teaching Hospital of the China Medical Sciences University said it invited the doctors, one from the U.S. and the other from Germany, to help with Liu's treatment.\nThe hospital identified the doctors as Joseph Herman of the M.D. Anderson Cancer Center in the U.S. and Markus Buchler of Germany's University of Heidelberg. \nAfter reviewing Liu's medical history and a report on his treatment, the doctors, accompanied by Chinese experts who are treating Liu, discussed his condition with him and family members, the hospital said.\nStills of video clips show China's jailed Nobel Peace laureate Liu Xiaobo lying on a bed receiving medical treatment at a hospital, left, and Liu saying wardens take good care of him, on a computer screens in Beijing, June 29, 2017.\n\"The U.S. and Germany experts fully approved of the treatment by the national experts group and what they had done,\" the hospital said in a statement.\nLiu was jailed following a conviction of \"inciting subversion of state power\" after he helped write a petition known as Charter 08 that called for democratic reforms in China.\nHe was granted medical parole to the hospital in late June.\nOn Friday evening, the hospital said that Liu's appetite was \"quite poor\" and that abdominal fluid that had built up had been drained.\nNew security measures\nSecurity at the hospital has increased over the past few days. A section on the 23rd floor was blocked off with screens. A VOA reporter attempting to get behind the screen was stopped by men on the other side of the screen.\nTwo people guarded the elevator on the 23rd floor. A delivery man with food for an unknown patient was told to wait as guards called family members to pick up the order. Both the delivery man and the patients\u2019 family told VOA that the security procedures were new, and are found on no other hospital floor.\nWATCH: VOA Reporter Finds High Security at Hospital Where Liu Is Being Treated\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nVOA Reporter Finds High Security at Hospital Where Liu Is Being Treated\nShare this video\n0:01:48\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:48\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 5.2MB\n360p | 8.5MB\n720p | 48.1MB\n1080p | 35.4MB\nOn Thursday, Liu's brother-in-law, Liu Hui, denied that doctors had halted medication for him, in a letter released by the hospital, following rumors that the dissident was too ill for treatment to continue.\nA family friend of Liu said his medication had been halted as his liver was unable to take it.\n\"The Chinese government often pressures family members to write statements or record videos to make claims in its favor,\" Patrick Poon, a China researcher for rights group Amnesty International, said in a message to Reuters, referring to the letter.\n\"If Liu Hui is free, why can't he talk to journalists?\" added Poon, who is based in Hong Kong.\nCalls have grown from rights groups, international bodies and Western governments for China to allow Liu and his wife, Liu Xia, to be treated overseas if they wish.\nProtesters carry a large image of jailed Chinese Nobel Peace laureate Liu Xiaobo as they march during a pro-democracy protest in Hong Kong, July 1, 2017.\nSince 2009, China has ignored international calls to free Liu while isolating him. His wife, Liu Xia, has been under strict house arrest in Beijing although she\u2019s never been accused of any crime. Since receiving medical parole, Liu, his wife and family members have been largely prevented from communicating with the outside.\nThe European Parliament on Thursday urged China to immediately release the couple from house arrest, and allow Liu to seek treatment freely.\nBeijing declines to comment\nChinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Geng Shuang declined on Friday to comment about Liu's treatment and media access to his family.\nHowever, he expressed displeasure at the involvement of the United Nations, after Zeid Ra'ad al-Hussein, the U.N. high commissioner for human rights, met Chinese officials about Liu.\n\"Relevant U.N. officials should strictly abide by the U.N. charter's purposes and principles, should respect China's judicial sovereignty and not interfere in China's internal affairs,\" Geng told a daily news briefing.\nThe U.N. human rights office on Friday said it was very concerned about reports of serious deterioration in Liu's health.\n\"The high commissioner has requested that a senior U.N. official be urgently granted access to Liu Xiaobo and to Liu Xia,\" it said in a briefing note. \"However, we have so far received no response from the Chinese government to this request.\"\nThis report from Shenyang, China, was originated by VOA Mandarin. VOA reporter Natalie Liu contributed additional material from Washington, D.C.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Liu Xiaobo speaks during an interview in his home in Beijing, China, Jan. 6, 2008, in an image taken from AP Video. According to a July 7, 2017, statement, the Chinese medical team charged with treating the imprisoned Nobel Peace laureate has stopped using cancer-fighting drugs because of his severely weakened liver.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/C05DF6F4-411D-4F32-B48D-9A241046557A.jpg",
        "id": "16119_1",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "terminal liver cancer",
            "liver cancer"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Liu Xiaobo",
            "Liu"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_08_3933722",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_08_3933722_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the codename for the workers in the image?",
        "context": "US Border Patrol 'Tunnel Rats' Plug Underground Passages\nSAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA \u2014\u00a0\nThey are known in the U.S. Border Patrol as \"tunnel rats\" \u2014 agents who go in clandestine passages that have proliferated on the U.S.-Mexico border over the past 20 years to smuggle drugs.\nThe Associated Press joined the Border Tunnel Entry Team, as it is formally known, inside an incomplete tunnel that was discovered in San Diego in 2009 \u2014 70 feet deep, 3 feet wide, 2,700 feet long and equipped with a rail system, lighting and ventilation.\nHere are some questions and answers about the team's work:\nMembers of the Border Patrol's Border Tunnel Entry Team work near a tunnel entrance in between two border barriers separating San Diego and Tijuana, Mexico, in San Diego, March 6, 2017.\nQuestion: How many tunnels are there?\nAnswer: Authorities discovered 224 border tunnels originating in Mexico from 1990 to March 2016, including 185 that entered the United States, according to the latest U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration annual survey. Many are shallow holes, but some are elaborately constructed with hydraulic lifts, water pumps and rail cars.\nThe vast majority are in Arizona, where smugglers connect to underground drainage canals in Nogales, and in California, where construction noise generates less attention amid warehouses of an industrial area of San Diego, across from densely packed homes and businesses in Tijuana.\nQ: What are they for?\nA: Tunnels are generally used for multi-ton loads of marijuana because the drug's bulk and odor are difficult to conceal for motorists and pedestrians who enter the United States at official border crossings, the preferred method for smuggling methamphetamine and heroin.\nIn 2015, authorities seized cocaine in connection with two California tunnels, including one that ran underwater from a house in Mexicali, Mexico, to the All-American Canal near the city of Calexico.\nThe tunnels, which the DEA generally attribute to Mexico's Sinaloa cartel, cost between $1 million and $2 million to build and take months to complete, said Chris Davis, supervisory special agent with U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement's Homeland Security Investigations. That investment quickly pays off with profits from smuggling if crews escape detection, he said.\nA \"tunnel rat\" ascends an entrance carved out by the Border Patrol leading to a tunnel spanning the border between San Diego and Tijuana, Mexico, in San Diego, March 6, 2017.\nQ: How are tunnels found?\nA: Leads from informants, neighbors and others have been the most trusted technique, but technology plays a part. Lance LeNoir, who leads the Border Patrol's \"tunnel rats\" team in San Diego, says seismic devices, acoustics and ground-penetrating radar complement human intelligence.\nInvestigators keep tabs on who owns and rents warehouses in San Diego's Otay Mesa area for suspicious transactions. They also visit businesses to ask them to report telltale signs: construction equipment and piles of dirt, jackhammer sounds, people coming and going at odd hours.\n\"They'll tunnel anywhere they want to. It's wherever they can get a building on the south side and a building on the north side,\" LeNoir said. \"Location, location, location.\"\nSometimes agents stumble across \"gopher holes\" while on patrol.\nOnce the passages are found, the \"tunnel rats\" go inside \u2014 a dangerous assignment because there's always a chance the walls can collapse. They map and measure the passages and work on filling them with concrete to prevent them from being used again.\nA member of the Border Patrol's Border Tunnel Entry Team enters a tunnel spanning the border between San Diego and Tijuana, Mexico, in San Diego, March 6, 2017.\nQ: What happens after tunnels are discovered?\nA: On the U.S. side, the tunnels have been filled since 2007 to prevent smugglers from burrowing into them. In Mexico, they are sealed but not plugged with concrete. \nMexican authorities say they don't have the money to fill them, a vulnerability that is gaining more public scrutiny. LeNoir says smugglers have tapped into existing tunnels at least seven times in recent years.\n\"It gets down to funding and political will,\" he said.\nThe U.S. Department of Homeland Security says it spent $8.7 million to fill tunnels from 2007 to 2015. Last week, it awarded a $153,000 contract to inject concrete into the U.S. part of a completed tunnel lined with cobblestone. The tunnel was discovered in October. It ended in a San Diego warehouse 1,200 feet north of the border.\nQ: What does President Donald Trump want to do?\nA: Trump has made construction of a \"great wall\" on the 2,000-mile U.S. divide with Mexico a signature issue of his presidency, prompting critics to say that people will go over, under and around it.\nTrump, as the Republican nominee, promised during an August speech in Phoenix that he would \"find and dislocate tunnels and keep out criminal cartels.\" His executive order on border security doesn't specifically address tunnels but notes that criminal organizations run sophisticated drug and human smuggling networks on both sides of the border.\nAfter going inside a San Diego tunnel underneath a highly fortified border fence last month, Homeland Security Secretary John Kelly said drug profits were so enormous that smugglers would keep trying to burrow through.\n\"I would argue that the fact that they're spending huge amounts of money to tunnel underneath the wall tells you that they can't get through it,\" Kelly said.\n",
        "caption": "Members of the Border Patrol's Border Tunnel Entry Team work near a tunnel entrance in between two border barriers separating San Diego and Tijuana, Mexico, in San Diego, March 6, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/16279A31-685C-47E9-AF16-1FA1DB5AB286.jpg",
        "id": "13776_2",
        "answer": [
            "tunnel rats",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Border Tunnel Entry Team",
            "Border Patrol"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_09_3757636",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_09_3757636_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person with gray hair in the image emphasize?",
        "context": "Kelly: US-Haiti to 'Work Together' on Future Extensions for Haitians\nThe head of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, visiting Haiti on Wednesday, assured the Caribbean nation\u2019s leader that their respective governments could \"work together on any future extensions\" of the timetable for Haitians facing repatriation from the United States.\nSecretary John Kelly met with Haitian President Jovenel Moise and other senior government officials less than two weeks after Homeland Security announced that a humanitarian aid program for Haitians temporarily living in the United States would be limited to a six-month extension.\nHaitian authorities, some U.S. lawmakers and immigration advocates had sought at least another year. Previous renewals had been for 18 months.\nAbout 58,000 Haitian immigrants are registered for Temporary Protected Status (TPS), offered in the wake of a 7.0-magnitude earthquake that struck near Haiti's capital in January 2010. TPS permits those visiting the United States at the time of the quake to temporarily remain in the country, with work privileges, until conditions in their homeland improve. TPS for Haitians was set to expire July 23 and has been extended through January 22.\nFILE - Nathanaelle Bernard, 19 and pregnant, cooks an omelet in a makeshift hut shared with five family members in Coteaux, Haiti, Nov. 1, 2016. Hurricane Matthew destroyed her home weeks earlier.\nEmphasis on 'temporary'\nHaiti is one of 10 countries currently designated for the TPS program by Homeland Security because conditions there make it unsafe or impossible for nationals to return. Those conditions include armed conflict and environmental disasters such as drought.\nDuring his visit, Kelly stressed that the U.S. humanitarian program for Haitians was never meant to be permanent.\n\"The operative word in the law is \u2018temporary.\u2019 It\u2019s not meant to be an open-ended law, but a temporary law,\" he said at a news conference at the National Palace.\nLater, in a separate interview with Port-au-Prince\u2019s RFM Radio, Kelly indicated Haiti\u2019s TPS deadline might be extended beyond January.\n\"I will clearly have to make a decision on this in November or December, so I will be looking for indicators,\" Kelly told radio journalist Rothchild Francois Jr., who shared the interview with VOA.\n\"Right now, my thoughts are [that] it will end. So I\u2019d have to look for indicators as to why we might extend it a short period into the future past January,\" he continued, adding that the program \"is designed to end and not go on forever \u2026 which some of them seem to do.\" \nDuring the earlier news conference, another journalist asked that Kelly respond to critics who questioned whether he'd spent enough time in quake- and hurricane-damaged areas to fully assess Haitian conditions. The secretary bristled.\n\"Those people don't know what they're talking about,\" Kelly answered, noting he'd \"visited Haiti more than 10 times in the past\" while heading the U.S. Southern Command based near Miami.\nU.N. peacekeepers from Brazil bump fists with children as they patrol in the Cite Soleil slum, in Port-au-Prince, Haiti, Feb. 22, 2017. U.N. forces have patrolled since a 2004 rebellion engulfed the Caribbean country in violence.\nMeetings with officials\nA number of humanitarian and development groups working in Haiti have encouraged Kelly to see Haiti\u2019s vulnerability firsthand, including the vast unregulated sprawl just outside Port-au-Prince, where at least 250,000 people have settled since the quake devastated much of Port-au-Prince and surrounding areas. The country has endured successive challenges, including drought and, last October, a hurricane that wreaked havoc in the rural southwest.\nKelly told RFM Radio that he had \"traveled all around Haiti\" in previous visits, touring camps for people displaced by the quake and inspecting damaged farmland.\nOn this trip, Kelly focused on meeting officials, discussing issues including Haiti\u2019s desire to expand business opportunities and the need to further develop the country\u2019s national police force.\nKelly also huddled with two representatives of the United Nations\u2019 mission in Haiti: Sandra Honor\u00e9, special representative of the secretary-general, and Brazilian Lieutenant General Ajax Porto Pinheiro, the U.N. military commander. The United Nations announced in April that it would end its peacekeeping role in mid-October because it found the country had made sufficient progress toward stabilization. But it also pledged to provide U.N. police units to train Haitian police officers.\n",
        "caption": "U.S. Homeland Security Secretary John Kelly, left, talks to Haiti's President Jovenel Moise during a news conference at the National Palace in Port-au-Prince, May 31, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/4C0C743A-9E43-4316-B424-82C21543E5E0.jpg",
        "id": "29518_1",
        "answer": [
            "the U.S. humanitarian program for Haitians was never meant to be permanent"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Kelly"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_31_3879003",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_31_3879003_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person on the sign in the image want?",
        "context": "Palestinian Inmates in Israeli Jails End Hunger Strike\nHundreds of Palestinian prisoners on Saturday ended a 40-day hunger strike over conditions in Israeli jails, the Israel Prison Service and a Palestinian official said.\nAbout 1,100 inmates had initially taken part in one of the largest such hunger strikes, which began on April 17. It raised tensions between Israel and the Palestinians, with protests in support of the strikers spilling over into clashes in the West Bank and along the Israel-Gaza border.\nMore than 800 inmates, who had stuck with the hunger strike until Saturday, ended it after talks held with the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) and the Palestinian Authority to change some of the prisoners' conditions, a Prison Service Statement said.\nOn Wednesday, the U.N. High Commissioner for Human Rights Zeid Ra'ad al-Hussein urged Israel to improve conditions.\nNeither the Prison Service nor the Palestinian Authority divulged the full details of the agreement. However, the Prison Service did say that a second monthly family visit would be reinstated after it had been cut in the past.\nQadoura Fares, head of the Palestinian Prisoners' Club, which works on behalf of inmates, said some points of the agreement would be discussed further.\n\"Issues that had been agreed upon were improving visits and prison conditions,\" Fares told Reuters.\nThe strike was called by Marwan Barghouti, the most high-profile Palestinian jailed in Israel, to protest against solitary confinement and detention without trial, which has been applied to thousands of prisoners since the 1980s. Israel says that measure is necessary to prevent attacks and protect security sources.\nBarghouti, a leader in Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas's Fatah movement, was convicted of murder over the killing of Israelis during the second Palestinian intifada, or uprising, and sentenced in 2004 to five life terms. Surveys show many Palestinians want him to be their next president.\nIsraeli Public Security Minister Gilad Erdan has said Barghouti started the strike in order to garner political support.\nThe Prison Service said that most of the inmates on strike were aligned with Fatah. Eighteen were being treated in hospital.\nHunger strikes are not uncommon among the 6,500 Palestinians held in Israeli jails, many of whom were convicted of attacks or planning attacks against Israelis.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Protesters hold a banner with a picture of jailed Palestinian uprising leader Marwan Barghouti during a rally supporting Palestinian prisoners in Israeli jails on a hunger strike, in the West Bank city of Ramallah, May 3, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/8FD1E7F6-E781-4B50-9DA9-7DDB26B1E3EE.jpg",
        "id": "6059_1",
        "answer": [
            "To change some of the prisoners\u2019 conditions ",
            "to protest against solitary confinement and detention without trial"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Marwan Barghouti",
            "Marwan Barghouti "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_27_3873575",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_27_3873575_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Why is the person with dark hair in the image being replaced?",
        "context": "Romania Names New Prime Minister to Defuse Crisis\nBUCHAREST \u2014\u00a0\nRomania's president named outgoing economy minister Mihai Tudose as prime minister on Monday, clearing the way for a new leftist-led government to be formed by the end of this week and end a political crisis threatening to sour investor confidence.\nThe Social Democrats (PSD) picked 50-year-old Tudose to replace Sorin Grindeanu whom they ousted last week in an internal party rift over anti-corruption policy.\nPSD lawmakers voted out their own cabinet in a no-confidence motion on June 21, accusing Grindeanu of failing to implement an ambitious governing programme that helped them win a December election.\nAnalysts said many party members were unhappy with Grindeanu's failure to relax anti-corruption rules. His government had to withdraw a decree that decriminalized some graft offenses after massive street protests in February.\nPSD leader Liviu Dragnea said Tudose was one of six potential prime ministers the party considered. The other five had declined the position.\n\"Taking into consideration the current crisis, the urgency to end it ... as it harms the economy [and] Romania's external image abroad, I have decided to name Mihai Tudose as prime minister-designate,\" President Klaus Iohannis told reporters.\nTudose is expected to unveil his cabinet lineup on Tuesday and analysts said several of the outgoing ministers were likely to retain their posts.\nDragnea said a new government would be approved in parliament on Thursday in a vote of confidence supported by the ruling coalition which has about 10 seats above the required majority.\nProtest risk\nThe rift has kept investors wary about Romania in recent weeks despite the eastern European Union state posting annual growth exceeding 5 percent in the first quarter.\nUnder a PSD premier, government policies would likely continue to bend towards the public sector wage hikes and tax cuts that have raised concerns of fiscal slippages with the European Commission and the International Monetary Fund, analysts said.\n\"We see no major shifts in government policies, except for the possibility of a bigger push for less stringent anti-corruption laws,\" Nordea analysts said in a note.\nHowever, any further attempts by the ruling coalition to weaken anti-corruption legislation could reignite street protests.\nCatalin Tenita, an IT entrepreneur who co-founded Geeks for Democracy, an online platform seeking projects to improve governance, protested throughout February. He said on Monday that he would take to the streets again if needed.\n\"It is difficult to predict what the ruling coalition will do, but the past has shown us they have consistently tried to weaken the fight against corruption,\" he told Reuters.\n\"Ideally, the new government, regardless of which party, would focus on citizens' real problems. I think the potential for protests is much higher than in February \u2014 more people are informed now and better organized.\"\nRomania is the European Union's fastest growing economy but one of its poorest and most corrupt states, with massive investment needs in its underdeveloped transport, healthcare and education sectors.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Eeconomy minister Mihai Tudose (R) looks at former prime minister Sorin Grindeanu in Caravelle, Romania, May 12, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/82EB0FCA-7FEE-4056-8F2D-4F5F502D5EC5.jpg",
        "id": "24354_1",
        "answer": [
            "anti-corruption policy"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Sorin Grindeanu"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_26_3917013",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_26_3917013_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person who owns the building in the image planning to do?",
        "context": "Trump to Senate Republicans: Kill Obamacare Now, Replace Later \nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. President Donald Trump urged Republican U.S. senators on Friday to repeal Obamacare immediately if they cannot agree on a new health care plan to take its place.\nRepublican leaders have set Friday as the goal for working out changes to Senate legislation that would repeal extensive parts of the 2010 Affordable Care Act, the law dubbed Obamacare that expanded health insurance coverage to 20 million people.\nTheir efforts were complicated on Thursday by a Congressional Budget Office report that said the Senate proposal would cut spending on government Medicaid for the poor by 35 percent come 2036.\n\"If Republican Senators are unable to pass what they are working on now, they should immediately REPEAL, and then REPLACE at a later date!\" Trump wrote in an early morning Twitter post.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;If Republican Senators are unable to pass what they are working on now, they should immediately REPEAL, and then REPLACE at a later date!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/880737163247267840\\\"\\u0026gt;June 30, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nU.S. Senator Ben Sasse, a Republican who has often clashed with Trump, welcomed the suggestion. Sasse said this week he was not satisfied with the Senate healthcare legislation.\n\"Sounds great, Pres. @realDonaldTrump,\" Sasse wrote in a response on Twitter. \"We are agreed. We need to break the logjam.\"\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;Glad you agree, Mr Pres. If no agreement next wk, 2 steps:1. Repeal 1st; then2. Spend August full-time on replace:\\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://t.co/adlcft0tfE\\\"\\u0026gt;https://t.co/adlcft0tfE\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt; \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://t.co/GrzRt8VASH\\\"\\u0026gt;https://t.co/GrzRt8VASH\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Ben Sasse (@BenSasse) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/BenSasse/status/880745889266106368\\\"\\u0026gt;June 30, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nTrump promised as a presidential candidate to do away with the Affordable Care Act but crafting a plan acceptable to Republicans, who control both chambers of Congress, has proven easier said than done.\nRepublicans would like to make progress on that issue to clear the way for other priorities such as tax reform.\n",
        "caption": "Demonstrators protest outside the Trump International Hotel in Washington, June 28, 2017, as President Donald Trump is attending a fundraiser at the hotel. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/DD6FE4E5-C6B8-4D8D-883F-D8D4F13264F5.jpg",
        "id": "2135_1",
        "answer": [
            "repeal Obamacare immediately if they cannot agree on a new health care plan to take its place",
            "do away with the Affordable Care Act"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Donald Trump",
            "Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_30_3922731",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_30_3922731_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What effects are associated with the thing the people in the image are against?",
        "context": "New Jersey Could Be First in US to Ban Child Marriages, Activists Say\nNEW YORK \u2014\u00a0\nA measure to ban child marriage could become law this week in New Jersey, which would become the first of the 50 states in America to outlaw the practice without exception, activists say.\nViewed as the strongest such bill to be considered in the United States, it would prohibit any marriage of children under age 18.\nActivists say the practice of underage marriage is rampant in the United States, where about 170,000 children were wed between 2000 and 2010. Most are underage girls married to older men.\nWhile age 18 is the minimum for marriage in most of the United States, states have legal loopholes such as parental consent that allow children to marry, said Unchained At Last, a nonprofit that opposes arranged and forced marriages.\nThis measure, after passing both legislative houses in New Jersey, awaits the signature of Republican Governor Chris Christie. The governor must sign the bill into law or veto it by Thursday, according to Unchained At Last. If he takes no action, the bill automatically becomes law.\nChristie, a strong supporter of President Donald Trump, has given no indication as to his stance on the bill, a spokesman said.\nN.J. Assemblywoman Nancy Munoz, the bill's main sponsor, said she championed the legislation after learning about the long-lasting adverse effects of child marriage.\nMental health, poverty issues\nChild marriage is associated with mental health problems, poverty and increased high school dropout rates, various studies have shown.\n\"This is really protecting youngsters, minors, from being put in a situation that could harm them,\" Munoz told the Thomson Reuters Foundation.\nIf enacted, the law would be the nation's first to outlaw child marriage without exceptions, she said.\nThe bill has prompted seven other states to follow suit with similar legislation, said Fraidy Reiss, Unchained At Last's executive director. Those states are California, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Missouri, New York, Pennsylvania and Texas.\n\"Legislators are still just shocked that this is happening here,\" Reiss told the foundation. \"Once one state takes that step and says, 'We're ending child marriage, period' ... it makes it so much easier for legislators in other states to say, 'Oh, yes, we should do that, too.' \"\nLast year, Virginia adopted a law against child marriage viewed as landmark, although it makes exceptions for certain 16- and 17-year-old children.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - In this image taken from video, Fraidy Reiss, center, founder and executive director of Unchained at Last, a nonprofit organization that seeks to end child marriages, demonstrates in chains at the State Capitol in Albany, N.Y., Feb. 14, 2017. New York is one of seven states in which legislation similar to New Jersey's effort to ban child marriage has been introduced.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/12A5C017-AA68-4B01-9EB0-DDB5EEDFFF81.jpg",
        "id": "4371_1",
        "answer": [
            "mental health problems, poverty and increased high school dropout rates"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "child marriage"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_09_3845011",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_09_3845011_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What were the people like those in the image given?",
        "context": "Central African Republic Returnees Face Challenges, Insecurity\nBANGUI \u2014\u00a0\nThe government of the Central African Republic shut down the displaced persons' camp at the airport in its capital and sent the camp's 30,000 remaining residents packing. Many have returned to their old neighborhoods, but say they do not feel safe.\nDjiedune Kupato returned home with his wife and eight children late last month. Now his children walk five kilometers to get to school. Kupato worries about their safety, with militias still active in the area.\nKupato says if the government had prepared better for them to return, they would have water near their house. He says they do not have a good house to live in, as it has been destroyed. Instead, the family sleeps under a tarp.\nA young boy stands next to the shell of a home that was destroyed in the PK5 neighborhood of Bangui, February 2017. (Z. Baddorf/VOA)\nMeanwhile, bulldozers have leveled what remained of the camp at Bangui M'poko International Airport.\nAt its height in 2014, the camp was home to more than 130,000 people, many Christian. Central African Republic descended into chaos after mostly Muslim Seleka rebels seized power in March 2013. Efforts to oust Seleka in December of that year kicked off deadly communal violence in the capital and other parts of the country.\nThe C.A.R. president visited the camp at the end of 2016 and told the remaining residents it was time to go home. Authorities said it was unsafe for so many people to be living right next to an airstrip. The government gave each family about $85 to leave, which covers about three months' rent in Bangui.\nThe Oxfam advocacy manager in C.A.R., Isidore Ngueuleu, says the government had no broader strategy to support returnees.\n\"Basically in these neighborhoods, there is no home,\" Ngueuleu said. \"Everything has been destroyed in this neighborhood. So people have decided to return there and start back from zero.\"\nA Central African Republic man works to reconstruct a home in the PK5 neighborhood of Bangui in February 2017. (Z. Baddorf/VOA)\nIn the Fondo area of PK5, some residents use UNHCR tents to sleep in while they rebuild their homes. Newly-made bricks are stacked neatly outside many burned out and demolished homes in the area.\nPK5 was once at the epicenter of the violence in Bangui, and tensions are still high.\nTherese Ngalema, 67, came back in mid-January.\nShe says there is no security \u2014 or even a government checkpoint \u2014 in the neighborhood.\nNgalema says she wants more patrols by U.N. troops. Officials from a U.N. peacekeeping operation known as MINUSCA told VOA that troops do reinforce their presence when there is a threat.\nThe remains of a house burned down in early February is shown in the PK5 neighborhood of Bangui after the killing by state security forces of a Muslim gang leader. (Z. Baddorf/VOA)\nAn Oxfam study found that reports of violence, like assaults and rape, have increased nearly 50 percent in PK5 since October. In early February, a Muslim gang leader called Big Man was killed in an operation by state security forces. His supporters burned down houses and killed several people, including a pastor.\nTo reach schools and health services, some residents have to go through areas controlled by Muslim militias. Access to water and food is also severely limited.\nThe government says it will follow up with the returnees in the coming months to determine their needs, and will work with humanitarian organizations to coordinate additional services.\nThe experience of these recent returnees to PK5 may be just a taste of the challenges ahead. At the peak of the crisis in the C.A.R., nearly one million people were internally displaced and another half million fled to neighboring countries.\nToday, more than 400,000 internally displaced persons have not returned home.\n",
        "caption": "A family uses tarps taken from a refugee camp to get shelter from the sun, with bricks for rebuilding their homes all around them in the PK5 neighborhood of Bangui, Feb. 2017. (Z. Baddorf/VOA)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/048F08C5-3642-4D82-9C0D-7D2C793BB22B.jpg",
        "id": "19887_1",
        "answer": [
            "$85",
            "about $85",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "family"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_24_3738908",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_24_3738908_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the job of the person on the left in the image?",
        "context": "North Korean Nukes and Missiles 'Recipe for Disaster'\nUNITED NATIONS \u2014\u00a0\nThe head of the U.S. Pacific Command warned Wednesday that the combination of ballistic missiles and nuclear warheads in the hands of North Korean leader Kim Jong Un represents \"a recipe for disaster.\"\nSpeaking at an event in Tokyo, Admiral Harry Harris Jr. said every test North Korea carries out brings it a step closer to the ability to launch nuclear-tipped missiles.\n\"I must assume that Kim Jong Un's claims are true, because I know his aspirations certainly are,\" Harris said. \"So I take him at his word ... and that should provide all of us with a sense of urgency to address this problem now.\"\nThe U.S. ambassador to the United Nations told countries Tuesday that they must join the effort to prevent North Korea from getting a nuclear weapon, warning they could face sanctions themselves if they help the rogue state achieve nuclearization.\nNikki Haley spoke ahead of a closed meeting of the U.N. Security Council called by the U.S. and council member Japan, along with South Korea, to discuss Pyongyang's latest illicit ballistic missile launch.\n\"You either support North Korea or you support us, because that's what it comes down to,\" Haley told reporters.\nSpeaking of the enforcement of international sanctions, she added this warning: \"The United States is not past looking at third-country entities who are helping North Korea, and putting sanctions on them, because if you are supporting North Korea, you are against the rest of the international community.\"\nFILE - This image made from video of an undated still image broadcast in a news bulletin by North Korea's KRT on Monday, May 15, 2017, shows leader Kim Jong Un at what was said to be a missile test site at an undisclosed location in North Korea.\nCouncil members met Tuesday following Pyongyang's May 14 launch of a mid- to long-range missile that traveled 800 kilometers before landing in the sea west of Japan.\nStrong condemnation\nIt was North Korea's second missile test in as many weeks, and came just four days after Moon Jae-in took office as president of South Korea.\n\"Obviously, Pyongyang, with this missile launch, Pyongyang tried to test the resolve of the new government in its pursuit of denuclearization of North Korea,\" Seoul's U.N. Ambassador Cho Tae-yul told reporters.\nHe said South Korea's new leader had been clear that his government would respond to North Korean provocations and would consider dialogue only if and when there was a change in the North's behavior.\nIn a statement Monday evening, Security Council members \"strongly condemned\" both of the recent missile launches and expressed their \"utmost concern\" over North Korea's \"highly destabilizing behavior and flagrant and provocative defiance of the Security Council.\"\nNorth Korea's Foreign Ministry rejected the statement, saying it called into question the country's nuclear deterrence for self-defense purposes.\nU.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres also condemned the launch, saying it violated Security Council resolutions and was a threat to peace and security in the region. He urged Pyongyang to ensure full compliance with its international obligations and return to the path of denuclearization.\n\"We need to put further pressure on North Korea to make them feel that they have to change course,\" Japan's U.N. envoy Koro Bessho told reporters.\nSanctions expected\nMany are expecting additional and stronger international sanctions. Last month, U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson directly called on the international community to act before North Korea carries out a more serious provocation and to impose new sanctions. Washington and Beijing have been discussing possible measures, but it did not appear that a new resolution is imminent.\n\"China was really working with us in terms of tightening the sanctions, in terms of what they were saying to North Korea in trying to convince them,\" Haley said. \"We have not seen anything from them in the past week, but we are encouraging them to continue moving forward.\"\nThe U.N. Security Council has imposed several rounds of increasingly harsh, targeted sanctions on North Korea since 2006. The last round, imposed in November 2016, took three months to negotiate.\n",
        "caption": "U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Nikki Haley, Japanese Ambassador Koro Bessho, right, and Korean Ambassador Cho Tae-yul speak to reporters before a Security Council meeting on the situation in North Korea at United Nations headquarters, May 16, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/542E07B1-9EFE-4E51-8D2C-5C38A006AD14.jpg",
        "id": "353_1",
        "answer": [
            "U.N. Ambassador"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Cho Tae-yul"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_16_3853571",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_16_3853571_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What will the people in the image do?",
        "context": "Ruling Party Candidate Leads in Ecuador's Presidential Vote\nQUITO, ECUADOR \u2014\u00a0\nThe hand-picked candidate of socialist President Rafael Correa took the lead in early results from Ecuador's presidential election Sunday, and was just under the threshold needed to win outright and avoid a runoff against his nearest rival.\nWith more than 24 percent of polling stations reporting, ruling party candidate Lenin Moreno had nearly 38 percent of the votes, compared to 31 percent for former banker Guillermo Lasso, the closest contender among seven opposition candidates. Exit polls had indicated a tight race, with one predicting the two would have to face off in an April runoff and another pointing to a close first-round victory for Moreno.\nTo avoid a runoff, Moreno needed to win a majority of the votes, or get 40 percent while holding a 10-point lead over his nearest rival.\nMoreno was quick to declare himself the virtual winner when the exit polls were published, while Lasso said the surveys indicated a second round of balloting would be needed.\n\"This revolution nobody can stop,\" a triumphant Moreno told supporters in Quito. Standing next to Correa, who he thanked profusely, Moreno called on Lasso to recognize defeat.\nThe opposition candidate showed no sign of throwing in the towel.\n\"We have 45,000 volunteers who are watching over the count to confirm what we already know: that there will be a runoff in Ecuador,\" Lasso told cheering supporters in Guayaquil.\nVoters wait in line to cast their votes in the presidential election in a public school, used as a polling station, in Guayaquil, Ecuador, Feb. 19, 2017.\nPre-election polls had suggested that no candidate was likely to get enough votes to win the first round. Expected to decide the race were a third of voters who until recently declared themselves undecided amid low-energy campaigning as the charismatic Correa prepares to retire from politics.\nThe outcome was being watched closely in Latin America, where conservative leaders in Argentina, Brazil and Peru have assumed power in the past 18 months after the end of a commodities boom that boosted leftists like Correa.\nOutside the region, much of the interest in the election focused on what the outcome might mean for WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange, who has been staying at the Ecuadorean Embassy in London. Moreno has indicated he would back Assange's continued stay, while Lasso vowed to evict the Australian activist within 30 days of taking office.\nThe contest put Correa's legacy on the line as well. The self-declared 21st century socialist who took office in 2007 ushered in a period of stability after a severe economic crisis that saw three presidents toppled in protests and the adoption of the U.S. dollar to control rampant inflation. While Correa has been praised for reducing inequality and overhauling Ecuador's infrastructure, opinion polls said a majority of Ecuadoreans favor change.\nFormerly flush government budgets have been slashed and thousands of people at state-run companies laid off as oil revenues in the OPEC nation declined. The International Monetary Fund expects Ecuador's economy to shrink 2.7 percent this year, and analysts predict the new president will have to seek a bailout from the Washington-based IMF to address financial problems made worse by last year's 7.8 magnitude earthquake.\nMoreno urged voters to uphold Correa's \"Citizens' Revolution,\" while his challengers vowed to eliminate taxes they contend hamper growth and to strengthen democratic institutions they say were weakened by Correa's leadership.\nAlso seeking the presidency was Cynthia Viteri, a conservative ex-congresswoman, and Paco Moncayo, the former mayor of the capital, Quito.\nIn the final weeks before the election, corruption allegations involving Moreno's running mate, current Vice President Jorge Glas, dominated airwaves. A leaked video widely shared on social media shows a disgraced former Cabinet minister undergoing a lie detector test and accusing Glas of taking some of the $12 million in bribes paid to state-run PetroEcuador for construction of a refinery.\nGlas denied any wrongdoing.\n\"We've shown that by campaigning honorably you can win elections,\" Moreno told supporters after the exit polls were released. \"We've had to endure terrible attacks that can't be justified just because of the heat of an election.\"\n",
        "caption": "Voters wait in line to cast their votes in the presidential election in a public school, used as a polling station, in Guayaquil, Ecuador, Feb. 19, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/06782ABB-F0E9-4449-9D44-F3BD3957F74F.jpg",
        "id": "9206_2",
        "answer": [
            "cast their votes in the presidential election",
            "decide the race"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "voters",
            "Voters"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_19_3730949",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_19_3730949_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person with dark hair from the image doing?",
        "context": "Despite Trump Talk of 'Tweaking' NAFTA, Canada Could Still Be Hurt\nOTTAWA \u2014\u00a0\nAlthough U.S. President Donald Trump says he only wants to tweak trade ties with Canada, his pledge to renegotiate NAFTA to focus on Mexico is almost impossible and Canada will not emerge unscathed, Canadian officials and trade experts said Tuesday.\nTrump had warm words for Canadian trade following a meeting with Prime Minister Justin Trudeau on Monday, but his call for major changes to the North American Free Trade Agreement to target Mexico stymied experts.\n\"I can't see how it's possible at all. It would be very complicated to do and I don't think Mexico would ... ever go along with it,\" said Mark Warner, a trade lawyer and principal at MAAW Law in Toronto.\nCanada and Mexico send the bulk of their exports to the United States under NAFTA.\nOne senior Canadian government official, asked how the agreement could be tweaked for one partner and changed in a major way for another, admitted frankly, \"I don't know.\"\nTrump spoke after his first meeting with Trudeau, who is trying to sell the merits of NAFTA while opposing a border tariff, an idea circulating in U.S. political circles that could badly hit Canadian industries.\nWarner said that if the U.S. government decided to impose the tariff, \"the consequences of that could be described as a tweak but the significance of it would be major.\"\nMatthew Kronby, an international trade lawyer at Bennett Jones in Toronto, said \"it is very hard to tease apart the elements of the deal that I suppose Trump might think are a disaster with Mexico while leaving it intact with Canada.\"\nOfficials say that while Trump did not reveal any details about his intentions on NAFTA, Canada would suffer collateral damage, whatever the administration pushes for.\n\"We cannot be untouched or unscathed by this,\" said one person familiar with the matter.\nSeparately, another official working on the bilateral trade file said that once talks started, the U.S. dairy industry was set to demand Canada dismantle its supply management system of tariffs and taxes that keep out most dairy imports, including those from the United States.\n\"That could be a very unpleasant conversation,\" said the official, who asked to remain anonymous because of the sensitivity of the situation.\nTrudeau's ability to make concessions is limited since all of Canada's major political parties have vowed to protect supply management. Holding out too firmly, though, could irritate the American side, which might demand concessions elsewhere.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - U.S. President Donald Trump, right, listens to Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau during a joint news conference at the White House in Washington, Feb. 13, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/CA6BE4DB-3288-40DF-9429-FD689F1E391C.jpg",
        "id": "27676_1",
        "answer": [
            "trying to sell the merits of NAFTA"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Trudeau"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_14_3724719",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_14_3724719_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What things was the person in white in the image tried for?",
        "context": "Court Rejects Former Chad President's Appeal\nDAKAR \u2014\u00a0\nAn African Union tribunal in Senegal has rejected the appeal of former-Chadian president Hissene Habre, who was convicted last year of war crimes and crimes against humanity.\nMalian Supreme Court Judge Ougadeye Wafi delivered the verdict on the appeal Thursday.\nFormer Chadian president Hissene Habre\u2019s conviction for war crimes, crimes against humanity and torture stands. The court overturned his conviction for rape. \nHabre will serve his sentence: life in prison. He has been ordered to pay $135 million in reparations to over 7,000 victims and relatives of victims.\nA few of the 100 victims who testified during the trial were present in the court Thursday.\nSouleymane Guengueng suffered two years of imprisonment and torture during the Habre regime. He founded a victims\u2019 association in Chad and began gathering testimony of other survivors soon after Habre was toppled in a coup in 1990 and fled to Senegal. \nGuengueng says he feels satisfaction and victory. But he says now we have to make sure the reparations are paid. This is what I am expecting and only then will I be completely satisfied.\u201d\nHabre was not in the court Thursday. He has refused to recognize the court\u2019s authority, and his lawyers did not take part in the trial. The court-appointed defense said it was not surprised by the outcome of the appeal.\nHabre\u2019s court-appointed attorney, Mounir Balal, says \u201cthe judgment was to be expected. My team and I made it a point to focus on the rape charges, and they were dropped. For the rest, nothing changes.\u201d\nHabre ruled Chad for eight years during which rights groups estimate he was responsible for the deaths of over 40,000 people before he was deposed in 1990.\nThursday\u2019s verdict marked the end to a more than two-decade campaign by Habre\u2019s victims to bring him to justice.\nThe Extraordinary African Chambers was created within the Senegalese justice system to try Habre in 2013. It was funded by the international community. The trial began in July 2015. \nChadian lawyer Jacqueline Moudeina is lead counsel for the victims.\nShe says the verdict today sends a strong message to all African dictators. \u201cIt is possible for little people to bring big fish to justice. Watch out,\u201d she says, \u201cyou will no longer remain unpunished.\u201d\nThis was a trial of firsts \u2013 the first time an African leader was tried on African soil by an African court.\nFor some, the Habre trial could represent a new model for justice as the International Criminal Court faces resistance from some African countries.\nReed Brody is an American lawyer who has worked with Habre\u2019s victims since 1999.\nHe says, this is about multiplying the pathways that lead to justice. What is important is to give victims hope and to show them that justice can be made on the African continent. \nEarlier this week, Habre victims traveled to Banjul to meet victims of alleged abuses under Gambia\u2019s former president, Yahya Jammeh, who fled to Equatorial Guinea in January after a regional standoff over the disputed election.\nClement Abaifouta is the president of the Chadian Victims\u2019 Association.\nHe says \u201cthe [Habre] ruling is the outcome of 26 years of hard work. Now we are available to help others. We are going to offer our experience to Gambia so they too can find justice.\u201d\nHabre will serve his sentence in Senegal or another country in the African Union.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Chad's former dictator Hissene Habre raises his hands after sentencing during court proceedings in Dakar, Senegal, May 30, 2016. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/3FFA4B2F-65FF-4AF9-8F15-B243437E3DE8.jpg",
        "id": "6376_1",
        "answer": [
            "War crimes and crimes against humanity ",
            "war crimes and crimes against humanity"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Hissene Habre"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_27_3827780",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_27_3827780_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What kind of groups assist the people moving in the line in the image?",
        "context": "Proposed Law Aims to 'Discredit' Hungarian Charities, Watchdog Says\nLONDON \u2014\u00a0\nHungarian charities on Thursday criticized a draft law that would require them to declare foreign funding, saying it would clamp down on freedom of speech and undermine their work with migrants and other vulnerable groups.\nOn Wednesday, Prime Minister Viktor Orban's Fidesz party said it would present a bill to parliament this week requiring nongovernmental organisations (NGOs) with a yearly foreign income of 7.2 million forints ($25,000) to register with authorities.\nThe bill said \"foreign interest groups\" could use their funding of local NGOs to \"pursue their own interests\" in Hungary, threatening the country's political and economic interests.\n\"This is an attempt to discredit NGOs in the eyes of the public,\" said Anika Bakonyi, project manager at the Hungarian Helsinki Committee, a human rights watchdog group.\nThe Fidesz announcement came a day after parliament approved a law that could force out a university founded by Hungarian-born financier George Soros, despite protests against the move and condemnation abroad.\nFILE - A man eats at a soup kitchen where the Hungarian Ecumenical Charity distributes free lunch to the needy ahead of Christmas in Budapest, Dec. 23, 2013.\nOrban, a critic of liberal civil organizations that receive grants from Soros' Open Society Foundation, said last week that Central European University had violated regulations in awarding diplomas, an allegation the college rejected.\nEuropean lawmakers have demanded disciplinary action against Hungary over the crackdown on foreign universities, the latest step by Orban to subdue independent institutions \u2014 including the judiciary, central bank, NGOs and media.\nGoran Buldioski, the Hungarian-based director of the Soros-funded Open Society Initiative for Europe, said he expected small civil society organizations would suffer the most.\nThis \"long-term policy\" of the government was designed \"to eradicate all voices that speak freely,\" he told the Thomson Reuters Foundation. \"We find it totally unnecessary, stigmatizing and discriminatory.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Hungarian Red Cross workers provide food for migrants walking toward the Austrian border in Hegyeshalom, Hungary, Sept. 27, 2015.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/0E1DE291-EE95-4C86-949D-DD00E3A7716C.jpg",
        "id": "24873_1",
        "answer": [
            "Hungarian charities"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "migrants"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_06_3799628",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_06_3799628_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What type of event is the person with glasses in the image caught up in?",
        "context": "Former Brazil House Speaker Cunha Sentenced to 15 Years for Graft\nSAN PAULO \u2014\u00a0\nA federal court sentenced Brazil's former speaker of the lower house, Eduardo Cunha, to more than 15 years in prison on Thursday for corruption, making him the highest-profile political conviction yet in the \"Operation Car Wash\" scandal.\nThe former politician's defense team said they would appeal the decision but Cunha will remain imprisoned pending appeal.\nCunha, who drove the successful impeachment of former President Dilma Rousseff, was forced from his position as speaker in July and arrested in October on accusations he received millions in bribes from the purchase of an oil field in Benin by state-run oil company Petrobras.\nOver 200 people have been charged in the \u201cOperation Car Wash\u201d probe, a far-reaching investigation that centers on bribes and political kickbacks from contracts at Petrobras. The Supreme Court is likely to approve soon the investigation of dozens of sitting politicians.\nIn February 2015, Cunha, a member of President Michel Temer's Brazilian Democratic Movement Party (PMDB) that for a decade was the main member of left-leaning Workers Party (PT) governments, defied the wishes of his own coalition to run for and win the speakership of the lower house of Congress.\nBrazil's President Michel Temer gestures during a ceremony at the Planalto Palace in Brasilia, Brazil, March 7, 2017.\n'Political persecution'\nJust six months later, he officially broke with the PT government of Rousseff, saying that she was using the Petrobras investigation as a tool of \u201cpolitical persecution\u201d against him.\nAs speaker, only Cunha could allow impeachment proceedings to begin against Rousseff, whom critics accused of breaking budgetary laws.\nHe did just that in December 2015, just hours after PT deputies cast deciding votes for him to face an investigation by the House's ethics committee for lying about bank accounts he and his wife held in Switzerland.\nBy May, Rousseff was impeached and Temer installed as successor. But Cunha could not shake free of corruption allegations that eventually led to his downfall.\nCunha faces another charge\nOnce he was kicked out of congress, Cunha lost the privilege given to sitting politicians that only the badly overburdened Supreme Court can try them.\nHis case was instead sent to crusading anti-corruption judge Sergio Moro, who has been the driving force behind Brazil's fight against graft. Moro has a reputation for plowing through cases efficiently, with over 98 percent of his convictions in Car Wash cases being upheld by higher courts.\nCunha faces another trial for allegedly receiving $5 million skimmed from Petrobras contracts for two drill ships in 2006 and 2007.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Eduardo Cunha, former speaker of Brazil's lower house, is escorted by federal police officers as he arrives to the Legal Medical Institute, in Curitiba, Brazil, Oct. 20, 2016. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/BEC7FD9B-92E5-4FA6-9F4B-68A440DFC8A0.jpg",
        "id": "24298_1",
        "answer": [
            "scandal"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Eduardo Cunha"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_30_3789763",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_30_3789763_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who was countermanded by the decision of the man in the image?",
        "context": "Sessions Orders Longer Prison Sentences, Reversing Obama-era Policy\nU.S. Attorney General Jeff Sessions has directed federal prosecutors to seek the most serious charges possible against suspected offenders, a reversal of President Barack Obama's policies that could result in more convictions and much longer prison terms.\nIn a memo to the country's prosecutors Thursday, Sessions wrote, \"This policy affirms our responsibility to enforce the law, is moral and just, and produces consistency.\"\nWar on drugs\nAt a speech Friday in Washington, Sessions said the order was needed to combat an increase in violence in some large cities and the nation's opioid epidemic. \"If you want to collect a drug debt, you can't file a lawsuit in court. You collect it by the barrel of a gun,\" Sessions said.\nThe order had been expected from Sessions, a former prosecutor during the height of the U.S. crack cocaine epidemic, who vowed that combating violence and illegal drugs would be the Justice Department's top priority.\nSessions' policy memo directs prosecutors to \"charge and pursue the most serious, readily provable offense.\" The memo acknowledges there will be cases in which \"good judgment\" will permit a prosecutor to bend that rule. Exceptions, however, would require approval from top supervisors.\nFILE - President Barack Obama, accompanied by Attorney General Eric Holder, speaks in the State Dining Room of the White House, Sept. 25, 2014.\nThe directive abolishes guidance by Sessions' Democratic predecessor, Eric Holder, who said prosecutors could in some cases omit drug quantities from charging documents so as to not generate long sentences. Holder's 2013 \"Smart on Crime\" policy initiative was aimed at encouraging shorter sentences for nonviolent drug offenders, thus freeing up resources to pursue more serious and violent criminals.\nIn a statement Friday, Holder said Sessions' policy is \"dumb on crime\" and will \"take this nation back to a discredited past.\" Holder said Justice Department data showed last year that while the number of indictments carrying a mandatory minimum sentence declined since his policy was implemented, prosecutions of high-level drug defendants had increased.\nHolder predicted Sessions' directive will be \"substantively and financially ruinous\" and will force the agency to revert to the days of spending \"one third of its budget in incarcerating people, rather than preventing, detecting or investigating crime.\"\nSome supporters of Obama-era policies, which eased federal prison overcrowding and contributed to a national reassessment of how drug criminals were prosecuted and sentenced, said Sessions' order will revive the worst aspects of the government's drug war.\n\"It looks like we're going to fill the prisons back up after finally getting the federal prison population down,\" said Kevin Ring, president of Families Against Mandatory Minimums. \"The social and human costs will be much higher.\"\nSessions' directive counters a national trend to eliminate some of the most severe sentencing policies adopted during the 1980's era war on drugs. Many experts have maintained those laws resulted in offenders receiving very lengthy prison sentences when shorter terms would have been sufficient.\n\"The Justice Department's expected shift to prosecuting and incarcerating more offenders, including low-level drug offenders, is an ineffective way to protect public safety,\" Brett Tolman, a U.S. Attorney under President George W. Bush, said in a statement in response to the order.\n\"Decades of experience shows we cannot arrest and incarcerate our way out of America's drug problem,\" he said. \"Instead, we must direct resources to treatment and to specifically combating violent crime. This will help law enforcement do our jobs better.\"\nObama-era policies\nThe Obama administration policy shift coincided with its clemency initiative that released convicts considered worthy of a second chance and U.S. Sentencing Commission changes that made tens of thousands of federal drug inmates eligible for early release. Together, those changes led to a sharp drop in the federal prison population, from 220,000 in 2013 to the current level of 190,000.\nNevertheless, some prosecutors felt constrained by Holder's 2013 directive and were concerned they would lose the ability to plea bargain without the latitude to pursue harsher punishments.\n",
        "caption": "Attorney General Jeff Sessions speaks in Central Islip, N.Y. Justice Department officials have been weighing new guidance that would encourage prosecutors to charge suspects with the most serious offenses they can prove.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/499BD0B4-C524-489E-9A68-3A9AA884E805.jpg",
        "id": "25552_1",
        "answer": [
            "President Barack Obama"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Attorney General Jeff Sessions"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_12_3849335",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_12_3849335_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person on the right of the image accuse?",
        "context": "Turkey Says it Will Attack Syrian Kurdish Forces at Manbij\nISTANBUL \u2014\u00a0\nTurkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan has declared his nation's forces will liberate the Syrian town of Manbij from the Kurdish YPG and hand it back to local Arabs.\nAnkara accuses the YPG of being affiliated with the Kurdistan Workers Party, or PKK, which is fighting the Turkish state and is designated a terrorist organization by the United States and much of the international community.\nAny move, however, against Manbij threatens to put Ankara and Washington on a collision course. \u201cIt would put Turkey against American-supported forces who are fighting with America against ISIS,\u201d says political columnist Semih Idiz, of Al Monitor website. \u201cISIS is a major target for America at the moment and that would really be a disaster, as far as Turkish-American relations are concerned.\u201d\nManbij Syria\nAnalysts concerned\nThe Syrian Kurdish militia is a key part of the U.S.-backed SDF coalition marching on the so-called Islamic State's self-declared capital of Raqqa.\nAnalysts warn any attack on Manbij could compromise that operation, given that elements of the YPG would likely withdraw to defend Manbij.\nErdogan accuses Washington of reneging on its promise to ensure the YPG would withdraw after it liberated Manbij from Islamic State. The YPG insists it did withdraw and only local people are defending the town.\nSome experts are expressing alarm at the prospect of such a confrontation. \u201cIt does not make any sense at all, militarily, politically, ideologically, logically, does not make sense. I mean It is a built up area; why should the Turkish army move into this built up area and risking huge casualty rates; why?\u201d says former Turkish Brigadier General Haldun Solmazturk, who now heads the Ankara-based research group the 21st Century Turkey Institute.\nSupporters of President Tayyip Erdogan wave Turkish flags during the first hearing of the trial for soldiers accused of attempting to assassinate Erdogan during last year's failed July 15 coup, in Mugla, Turkey, Feb. 20, 2017.\nA political move?\nThe Turkish army has been hit with a series of purges within it ranks, since a failed coup in July, that are being cited as a factor into why the military remains bogged down after weeks of fighting to oust Islamic State from the town of al-Bab, which is much smaller than Manbij.\nThe failings of the Free Syrian Army, which Ankara originally planned to lead the fight against IS, is also cited as a factor behind the ongoing struggle in al-Bab. \u201cThe Free Syrian army itself did not prove capable of doing anything unless Turkish armed forces take the lead,\u201d said analyst Aydin Selcen, a former senior Turkish diplomat who served widely in the region.\nTurkish domestic politics could be behind an operation against Manbij.\n\u201cThey (Erdogan and his government) have made foreign policy so much a part of their domestic political calculations,\u201d observes International relations expert Soli Ozel of Istanbul's Kadir Has University. Erdogan is aware cracking down on the YPG plays well with Turkish nationalists whose votes he is courting in an April referendum to extend his presidential powers.\nOzel voiced concerns about overreach. \u201cI am not really sure they are aware, that circumstances have changed, that Turkey doesn't really look as strong as it used to be and its hand is not as strong.\u201d\nThe threat to move on Manbij could be a high stakes gamble in forcing Washington's arm. \u201cI personally don't think the Turkish side can move in that direction anyway,\u201d suggests columnist Idiz. \u201cI think they are looking for a negotiated deal with the American side, but whether this is possible is not clear.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "Turkish President Tayyip Erdogan, right, meets with U.S. Senator John McCain at the Presidential Palace in Ankara, Feb. 20, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/AA59D385-127A-4445-845A-F3BC5D2DF88A.jpg",
        "id": "32937_1_1",
        "answer": [
            "Washington of reneging on its promise to ensure the YPG would withdraw "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Erdogan"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_20_3732399",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_20_3732399_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the organization of the people in the image operate?",
        "context": "Mortar Rounds Shake Mogadishu Ahead of Somali Presidential Vote\nFive mortar rounds exploded near Mogadishu airport in the capital of Somalia Tuesday evening, ahead of a parliament meeting on Wednesday to elect the country's next president.\nThere were no immediate reports of casualties from the mortar attack. Some residents blamed militant group al-Shabab, which has vowed to disrupt the election. \nOne of the mortars landed year Jazeera Hotel, less than one kilometer north of Mogadishu's international airport, the venue of Wednesday's presidential election.\nAn explosion from a grenade attack was also reported near Dabka junction in Hodan district. So far, no casualties have been reported in that attack.\nSomali soldiers prepare to secure the capital on the eve of presidential elections in Mogadishu, Feb. 7, 2017.\nMilitary base attacked\nOutside Mogadishu, suspected militants launched mortar attacks and fired weapons at a military base run by African Union troops Tuesday evening, according to an official near the base in Arbaow, 13 kilometers south of Mogadishu.\nThe incumbent president, Hassan Sheikh Mohamud, is seeking re-election against more than 20 other candidates, including his predecessor, Sheikh Sharif Sheikh Ahmed, and two former prime ministers. The group of voters will meet at Mogadishu's international airport under heavy security provided by AMISOM, the African Union mission in Somalia.\nMost of the 329 members of parliament who will be participating in the election live in hotels in Mogadishu. They, along with 22 presidential candidates, will arrive at the airport early Wednesday for screening before the voting begins.\nA Somali policeman stands guard along a road which was blocked to control motor vehicle traffic, during a security lock down ahead of Wednesday's election in Mogadishu, Feb. 7, 2017.\nNo comment from government\nSomalian officials have not commented on Tuesday's reports of attacks.\nObservers say some candidates are trying to buy the presidency through cash and gifts to lawmakers. \nAMISOM has protected Somalia's fragile government for a decade against al-Qaida-linked al-Shabab. \nVOA's Harun Maruf contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "African Union (AU) soldiers stand with their armored vehicles near a checkpoint on the eve of presidential elections in Mogadishu, Somalia, Feb. 7, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/37309291-AB64-4547-B155-A6B927232E2B.jpg",
        "id": "15565_1",
        "answer": [
            "a military base",
            "None",
            "military base"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "African Union (AU) soldiers",
            "African Union"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_07_3709964",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_07_3709964_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the phenomena that led the man in the image to be working there?",
        "context": "Report: Millions of Migrant Gulf Laborers Forced to Pay for Right to Work\nNEW YORK \u2014\u00a0\nSouth Asian migrants powering the construction boom in oil-rich Gulf countries are often illegally made to pay for their own recruitment, adding to hardships of poor working conditions and wages, according to an investigation released Tuesday.\nMillions of migrants seeking a way out of poverty by working in Gulf nations from Qatar to the United Arab Emirates must routinely pay fees that can equal a year's salary, U.S. researchers said in a report.\n\"Recruitment is not free,\" said report co-author David Segall of New York University's Stern Center for Business and Human Rights. \"Somebody does have to bear these costs, but that of course should be the employing company.\"\nThe findings came as conditions for construction workers from India, Nepal and Bangladesh in the 2022 FIFA World Cup host, Qatar, have drawn scrutiny from rights groups who say migrants live in squalor and work without proper access to water and shelter.\nFILE - Shadows of laborers cast on the floor after an event for workers at a residential camp for laborers and managers, in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, April 6, 2016.\nIn five fact-finding missions to the Gulf and South Asia, the researchers found workers are typically made to pay for their airfare from South Asia and their work visa, often at inflated prices.\nSelling visas for profit is illegal in the six Gulf countries the researchers investigated \u2014 Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Qatar, Oman, the United Arab Emirates and Bahrain. But violations rarely lead to prosecution and punishment, the report said.\nFees highest for Bangladeshis\nBangladeshi workers paid as much as $5,200 in recruitment fees, according to the study, the highest price among other South Asian construction workers, who number some 10 million people in the Gulf.\nIn rare cases, construction companies took on expenditures to recruit their workers, the study found. The fees had the effect of pushing already destitute migrants further into poverty by tying them to high-interest loans.\n\"These are people who are already desperate enough that they feel that they need to undertake this journey, leave their families in order to just achieve the possibility of economic success,\" Segall told the Thomson Reuters Foundation. \"For them to be in debt before they even start this journey is really an injustice.\"\nReports of abuse of migrant domestic workers have prompted countries such as Kenya, Ethiopia, Uganda and Indonesia to ban their citizens in recent years from seeking jobs in the Middle East.\nThe New York University report expanded on the findings of an investigation conducted in Qatar and released last week, which concluded hundreds of Asian workers had paid recruitment fees.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A construction worker takes time off to call a friend in Doha, Qatar, Nov. 30, 2006. Like other energy-rich Gulf nations, Qatar relies heavily on migrant workers drawn mainly from South Asia to build its roads, skyscrapers and stadiums.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B6C3C3F8-3ADB-4A74-A289-65FCB4588BAA.jpg",
        "id": "3237_1",
        "answer": [
            "seeking a way out of poverty"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "construction worker"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_11_3806131",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_11_3806131_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did people like those in the image do?",
        "context": "Iraqi Army Recaptures Jail IS Used for Executions\nIraqi soldiers on Wednesday recaptured a prison outside Mosul that had been controlled by Islamic State jihadists and reportedly used for hundreds of executions, the Iraqi military said.\nThe securing of the jail came as part of a mission to retake west Mosul that began last month. The eastern side of the city was liberated prior to the start of the mission on the west side.\nHuman Rights Watch says the Badush prison was used by IS militants to execute as many as 600 people and house abducted Yazidi women.\nNews of the prison\u2019s recapture comes a day after Iraq\u2019s military seized control of the main government buildings in Mosul back from IS militants.\nBridges connecting the two sides of the city have been badly damaged or destroyed, but the Iraqi military says it now controls the western side of two of the bridges, raising the prospect they could be used to more easily move troops and supplies.\nThe Iraqi military also announced Wednesday that it took back control of a road leading west out of Mosul, effectively isolating western Mosul from the flashpoint town of Tal Afar.\nMeanwhile, the IS group has claimed responsibility for several car bomb attacks in Iraq\u2019s capital, Baghdad, over the past few weeks, after losing control of eastern Mosul, and as it continues to lose ground on the western side.\nThe militant group swept into Mosul in mid-2014 as it took control of large areas in northern and western Iraq, as well as eastern Syria. Recent advances by the Iraqi army have served as a severe blow to the extremists, who at one point controlled about a third of Iraq\u2019s territory.\n",
        "caption": "Iraqi security forces advance during fighting against Islamic State militants, in western Mosul, Iraq, March 6, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/6DC6253A-E966-443D-BFEB-C5ECB77B3643.jpg",
        "id": "6402_1",
        "answer": [
            "recaptured a prison outside Mosul"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Iraqi"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_08_3755461",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_08_3755461_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the man in the black tie think about safe zones",
        "context": "Turkey Pushes Syria Safe Zones\nTurkey is pushing the idea once again of establishing safe zones in northern Syria and wants the issue on the agenda at the next round of U.N.-led peace talks in Geneva, which are scheduled for later this month.\nAccording to Turkish officials, President Recep Tayyip Erdogan will advocate for the establishment of the zones in his talks with his Russian counterpart, Vladimir Putin, during a visit to Moscow this week.\nAnkara long lobbied for a safe zone in northern Syria but was repeatedly rebuffed by the Obama administration, notably in 2013 and 2015, amid concerns in Washington that protecting it would entail putting a significant American force on the ground, drawing the U.S. deeper into the conflict in Syria.\nTrump support\nTurkish officials say they are more hopeful now than on their previous efforts to get Western backing for the zones because of U.S. President Donald Trump\u2019s apparent support for the idea. As a candidate, Trump proposed to \u201ctake a big swatch of land\u201d for \u201cthe right price\u201d and build \u201ca big beautiful safe zone\u201d that will make Syrian refugees \u201chappier.\u201d\nOn January 25, he said the U.S. will \u201cabsolutely do safe zones in Syria\u201d for people displaced by the six-year conflict.\nThe U.S. president has not mapped where zones would be located. He has asked the Pentagon and State Department to draft plans, although he has omitted that instruction from recent executive orders.\nFILE - Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan (L) speaks to Russian President Vladimir Putin during their meeting in St. Petersburg, Russia, Aug. 9, 2016. Erdogan is expected to raise the issue of safe zones in Syria during talks with Putin in Moscow this week.\nThe Turkish Foreign Ministry applauded Trump\u2019s January call for setting up the havens, saying, \u201cSetting up safe zones is something Turkey has advocated from the start.\u201d Ankara, however, is wary of any U.S.-supported zone being proposed for territory controlled by Syrian Kurds.\nFor Assad, \u2018not a realistic idea at all\u2019\nMoscow and Damascus have not been enthusiastic about the idea of safe zones. Syrian President Bashar al-Assad told Yahoo News in a recent interview, \u201cSafe zones for the Syrians could only happen when you have stability and security, where you don't have terrorists, where you don't have flow and support of those terrorists by the neighboring countries or by Western countries ...It's much more viable, much more practical and less costly to have stability than to create safe zones. It's not a realistic idea at all.\u201d\nTurkish officials, speaking on condition of anonymity to VOA, say that the circumstances have changed dramatically on the ground since their past big lobbying efforts to secure backing for the establishment of safe zones.\nWith Russia\u2019s military intervention in the Syrian war, Assad apparently secure, U.S. special forces on the ground in the Kurdish-controlled northeast of Syria and fragile and tentative cooperation under way in the fight against the Islamic State terror group, the time has come for safe zones to be taken seriously, Turkish officials say.\nFILE - A Turkish flag flies at a camp for Syrian refugees in Islahiye, Gaziantep province, southeastern Turkey, March 16, 2016. In the past, Turkey\u2019s push for safe zones was seen as tied to its eagerness to oust Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, but now appears more linked to Ankara's desire to stem the flow of refugees.\nStemming flow of refugees\nIn the past, Turkey\u2019s push for the havens was seen as being tied to its eagerness for Assad\u2019s ouster - the zones would have served as protected bases for Syrian rebels, both Damascus and Washington feared. Now, the Turks are marketing the safe zones not as part of a broader effort to topple Assad, a policy aim they have largely abandoned, but as a way to stem the flow of refugees to the West.\nAccording to Turkish and Western officials, the safe zones proposal was floated at this week\u2019s unusual three-way meeting in southern Turkey among the top commanders of the U.S., Turkish and Russian armed forces. The U.S. Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, Gen. Joseph Dunford, had already been lobbied by the Turks on the issue last month during meetings with Turkish military officials.\nUnder the Turkish plan, a formal buffer zone would be established between Afrin, northwest of Aleppo, Syria, and Ayn al-Arab, northeast of Aleppo. A large part of the proposed Turkish zone already corresponds with a swath of land in northern Syria cleared by the Turks and Syrian rebels they back in Operation Euphrates, a military intervention launched last August and aimed at pushing back Kurdish militias and jihadists as much as possible from the Turkish border. Turkey also proposes providing hospitals, large kitchens, and other amenities for the zone.\nPreventing Kurdish mini-state\nTurkey\u2019s advocacy of a large safe zone in northern Syria isn't as innocent as presented, say Syrian Kurds. They see the proposal as mainly aimed at them and largely an effort by the Turks to prevent Kurdish-controlled territory from becoming a safe zone, one that could be turned into a Kurdish mini-state.\nFILE - Turkey's Chief of Staff Gen. Hulusi Akar, center, U.S. Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Gen. Joseph Dunford, left, and Russia's Chief of Staff Gen. Valery Gerasimov attend a meeting in the Mediterranean coastal city of Antalya, Turkey, March 7, 2017. Among the items discussed at the unusual meeting was the creation of safe zones in Syria.\nAnd the Kurds and other critics say Ankara\u2019s safe zone proposal is a Turkish bid to carve out its own de facto mini-state in northern Syria, one in effect endorsed by Washington and Moscow, whose protection would be guaranteed by U.S. military power.\n\u201cTurkey is currently shaping a de facto safe zone between Afrin and Jarablus along its border with Syria, part of a demographic battle with the People's Protection Units [YPG] that represents Syrian Kurdish forces,\u201d argues Joe Macaron, a policy analyst at the Arab Center, a non-profit research organization in Washington.\nSpeaking at a conference last week at the Global Policy Initiative, a Washington-based research institution, Walid Phares, an analyst who advised the Trump presidential campaign, said there are many important challenges to the proposal for safe zones.\n\u201cOne is where to establish them, two is who will manage them, three is who will fund these zones, and last but not least, is there a regional and international consensus over this initiative,\u201d he said.\nPlatforms for regime change?\nOther key questions, according to analysts at the conference, are: how long the safe zones would be in effect and would they in the end result in Syria being broken up along ethnic lines?\nOf all the powers involved in discussions about safe zones in Syria, Russia\u2019s position will be crucial, said Ilan Berman of the American Foreign Policy Council, a research group in Washington. The Kremlin sees the proposal of safe zones as \u201ca starting point for negotiations with the U.S.\"\n\u201cThe Russian government wants guarantees the zones will bring stability and also that they will not be used as platforms for regime change,\" Berman added.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan (L) speaks to Russian President Vladimir Putin during their meeting in St. Petersburg, Russia, Aug. 9, 2016. Erdogan is expected to raise the issue of safe zones in Syria during talks with Putin in Moscow this week.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/9708B398-E714-4992-8A40-972B6A3A4FF8.jpg",
        "id": "1261_2",
        "answer": [
            " not been enthusiastic about the idea of safe zones."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Vladimir Putin"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_08_3755893",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_08_3755893_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who disposes of the tools in the image?",
        "context": "US City Alleges Drugmaker Let OxyContin Flood Black Market\nEVERETT, WASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nAs deaths from painkillers and heroin abuse spiked and street crimes increased, the mayor of Everett took major steps to tackle the opioid epidemic devastating this working-class city north of Seattle.\nMayor Ray Stephanson stepped up patrols, hired social workers to ride with officers and pushed for more permanent housing for chronically homeless people. The city says it has spent millions combating OxyContin and heroin abuse - and expects the tab to rise.\nSo Everett is suing Purdue Pharma, maker of the opioid pain medication OxyContin, in an unusual case that alleges the drugmaker knowingly allowed pills to be funneled into the black market and the city of about 108,000. Everett alleges the drugmaker did nothing to stop it and must pay for damages caused to the community.\nEverett's lawsuit, now in federal court in Seattle, accuses Purdue Pharma of gross negligence and nuisance. The city seeks to hold the company accountable, the lawsuit alleges, for \"supplying OxyContin to obviously suspicious pharmacies and physicians and enabling the illegal diversion of OxyContin into the black market'' and into Everett, despite a company program to track suspicious flows.\nEverett Mayor Ray Stephanson sits in his corner office overlooking downtown Everett, Washington, Feb. 16, 2017.\n\"Our community has been significantly damaged, and we need to be made whole,'' said Stephanson, who grew up in Everett and is its longest-serving mayor, holding the job since 2003.\nHe said the opioid crisis caused by \"Purdue's drive for profit'' has overwhelmed the city's resources, stretching everyone from first responders to park crews who clean up discarded syringes. The lawsuit doesn't say how much money the city is seeking, but the mayor says Everett will attempt to quantify its costs in coming months.\nConnecticut-based Purdue Pharma says the lawsuit paints a flawed and inaccurate picture of the events that led to the crisis in Everett.\n\"We look forward to presenting the facts in court,'' the company said in a statement.\nPurdue said it is \"deeply troubled by the abuse and misuse of our medication,'' and noted it leads the industry in developing medicines with properties that deter abuse, even though its products account for less than 2 percent of all U.S. opioid prescriptions.\nIn 2007, Purdue Pharma and its executives paid more than $630 million in legal penalties to the federal government for willfully misrepresenting the drug's addiction risks. The same year, it also settled with Washington and other states that claimed the company aggressively marketed OxyContin to doctors while downplaying the addiction risk. As part of that settlement, it agreed to continue internal controls to identify potential diversion or abuse.\nWhile numerous individuals and states have sued Purdue, this case is different because Everett is getting at the results of addiction, said Elizabeth Porter, associate law professor at the University of Washington.\nShe thinks Everett may have a shot at winning, though it will have to overcome some legal burdens, including showing that diverted OxyContin from rogue doctors and pharmacies was a substantial factor in the city's epidemic.\nStephanson said he was \"absolutely outraged'' after the Los Angeles Times reported last summer it found Purdue had evidence that pointed to illegal trafficking of its pills but in many cases did nothing to notify authorities or stop the flow. That newspaper investigation prompted the city's lawsuit.\nIn response to the newspaper's reporting, Purdue said in a statement that in 2007, it provided LA-area law enforcement information that helped lead to the convictions of the criminal prescribers and pharmacists referenced by the Los Angeles Times. The company also pointed to court documents that showed a wholesaler alerted the Drug Enforcement Administration about suspicious activity at a sham clinic noted in the newspaper's story.\nStill, Everett contends Purdue created a market for addicts that didn't exist until the company let its pills flood the streets.\nThe region saw two spikes in overdose deaths: first from OxyContin and other opioid painkillers in 2008 and then, after the drug was reformulated in 2010, a spike from heroin as people switched to a potent but cheaper alternative, officials said.\nThe city contends Purdue's wrongful conduct fueled a heroin crisis in Everett. Between 2011 and 2013, nearly one in five heroin-related deaths in Washington state occurred in the Everett region.\nSocial workers Staci McCole, left, and Kaitlyn Dowd wait with police officer Kevin Davis, second right, and police Sgt. Mike Braley to cross a busy roadway after checking the overpass below them, a known place for drug use, in Everett, Washington, Feb. 16\nIn response to the drug epidemic, Everett last year began sending social workers on routine patrols with police officers. Sgt. Mike Braley says the community outreach and enforcement team strikes a balance between enforcement and connecting people to addiction treatment, mental health and other services.\n\"We understand that we can't arrest our way out of problems that addiction is causing our city,'' Braley said.\nSometimes it takes many follow-ups and hours of handholding to get people help. On their first stop one morning, Braley and his team check under a street overpass, a popular hangout for addicts. They find plenty of needles, drug packaging and mounds of garbage but none of the people they had encountered there recently.\nThey swing by a woody vacant piece of city property to follow up with a homeless man who told social workers he was on a housing list. He previously was reluctant to talk but opens up this time.\nLeroy Henry, center, steps out of his tent in the woods to talk with police officer Kevin Davis, left, and Sgt. Mike Braley in Everett, Washington, Feb. 16, 2017.\nSocial worker Kaitlyn Dowd offers to check on the man's housing status with a local nonprofit provider and then punches her number into a cellphone he recently got.\n\"You can call me, and I have your number,'' she tells him.\nSocial worker Staci McCole said they come across many cases where highly functioning residents were introduced to opiates or heroin.\n\"So many of these people - somehow it's taken a hold of them, and their lives now have forever changed,'' she said.\n",
        "caption": "A discarded syringe sits in the dirt with other debris under a highway overpass where drug users are known to congregate in Everett, Washington, Feb. 16, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/524E712D-CAC4-49EA-8D5B-A49D034C3989.jpg",
        "id": "29497_1",
        "answer": [
            "park crews"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "syringes"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_17_3765942",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_17_3765942_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What place was the person wearing the suit in the image concerned about?",
        "context": "New French President Visits Mali in First Trip Outside Europe\nFrench President Emmanuel Macron made his first official trip outside Europe on Friday, visiting French troops stationed in Mali and pledging to be uncompromising in the fight against Islamist terrorism.\nMacron said at a joint news conference in Gao with Malian counterpart Ibrahim Boubacar Keita that terrorists in West Africa were \u201cclearly a risk for Europe.\u201d He vowed that French troops would remain in Mali until the extremists were eliminated.\nHe also praised an \u201cexemplary\u201d relationship with the United States on counterterror efforts in Africa's Sahel region. Without it, \u201cwe would not be able to operate in the area,\u201d he said.\nFrench President Emmanuel Macron, left, talks to Mali's President Ibrahim Boubacar Keita as they meet French soldiers of Operation Barkhane, France's largest overseas military operation, in Northern Mali, May 19, 2017.\nMore needed from Germany\nMacron called for Germany to do more in Africa to help protect Europe from the threat of Islamist terrorism. \u201cI want to strengthen those European partnerships, in particular with Germany, and ensure that the German engagement, which is already visible, intensifies,\u201d he said.\nMacron also met on Friday with some of the 1,700 French soldiers stationed in Gao. France has about 4,000 soldiers who are deployed in five West African countries \u2014 Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Chad and Burkina Faso \u2014 all of which are battling Islamist extremism.\nMost of the terrorists in the region trace their origins to al-Qaida's North Africa branch.\nMali extremists remain a problem\nMali's president expressed his gratitude toward France for its military intervention, which began in 2013 after al-Qaida-linked militants took over Mali's northern region. French and Malian forces have pushed the militants back from their strongholds, but the extremists still operate in the country.\nKeita said the road is long, \u201cbut we are going forward and we will succeed.\u201d\nFrance is the former colonial power in Mali and has strong ties to the region.\n",
        "caption": "French President Emmanuel Macron, left, talks to Mali's President Ibrahim Boubacar Keita as they meet French soldiers of Operation Barkhane, France's largest overseas military operation, in Northern Mali, May 19, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/76C3A877-B231-4FC1-B03E-D0117DD63DCC.jpg",
        "id": "13437_2",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "Europe",
            "West Africa"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Emmanuel Macron",
            "Macron"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_19_3862633",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_19_3862633_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the group of the people in the image do?",
        "context": "Trump's Immigration Ban to Face Court Challenges \nU.S. President Donald Trump's executive order temporarily suspending the refugee program and banning immigration from certain countries is headed to court after two new lawsuits were filed Monday. \nMembers of the Council on American Islamic Relations (CAIR) filed a federal lawsuit in the Eastern District Court of Virginia, while Washington State Attorney General Bob Ferguson filled a legal action within the District Court for the Western District of Washington to declare unconstitutional key provisions of Trump's immigration order.\nCAIR told reporters the lawsuit is a \"broad constitutional challenge\" on behalf of more than 20 people, both Americans and non-citizens, that are lawfully residing in the United States.\nAttorneys Shereef Akeel, left, Gadeir Abbas, and Lena Masri, right, stand as Council on American-Islamic Relations (CAIR) national executive director Nihad Awad speaks during a news conference in Washington, Jan. 30, 2017.\nLena Masri, CAIR litigation director, called Trump's order a Muslim exclusion order designed \"to strategically deny Muslims entry into the United States regardless if they are U.S. citizens, regardless of whether they are green card holders or if they have lawful status.\"\nTrump's order halts immigration for 90 days from the predominantly Muslim countries of Iraq, Syria, Iran, Sudan, Libya, Somalia and Yemen. It also suspends the entry of all refugees to the U.S. for 120 days, and halts admission of refugees from Syria indefinitely.\nThe order says the moves are intended \"to protect the American people from terrorist attacks by foreign nationals admitted to the United States.\"\nBut Masri said the untold story is that the decree is a \"Muslim exclusion order\" in that it is designed to \"strategically target Muslims and deny them entry in the United States.\"\nIn a statement released Sunday, Trump defended his administration against that charge. \"This is not about religion \u2014 this is about terror and keeping our country safe. There are over 40 different countries worldwide that are majority Muslim that are not affected by this order.\"\nWATCH: CAIR Files Lawsuit Against Immigration Order\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nCAIR Files Lawsuit Against Trump's Immigration Order\nShare this video\n0:00:48\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:48\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 2.4MB\n360p | 3.9MB\n480p | 21.5MB\nMasri went on to say that the order also targets Muslims fleeing persecution in their home countries who have been approved under the now-halted U.S. Refugee Resettlement Program.\n\"[They] would be forced to return, despite the fact that they may be likely to be tortured, persecuted and even executed. ... The Muslim exclusion order stands contrary to our values as American citizens, contrary to our U.S. constitution,\" Masri said.\nKeeping ahead of the threat\nIn Washington, Ferguson said he filed a motion for a temporary restraining order seeking an \"immediate\" halt of the order.\n\"No one is above the law \u2014 not even the president. ... And in the courtroom, it is not the loudest voice that prevails, it's the Constitution,\" Ferguson said.\nWhite House press secretary Sean Spicer said Monday there has been no \"specific threat,\" but the order aims to get ahead of the possible threat.\nReports from federal authorities indicate at least 170 people have been detained since Trump signed his order Friday at the White House.\nThe order has led to widespread confusion as refugees, green card holders, students and workers were detained at American airports or barred from boarding international flights to the United States.\nWATCH: Spicer Addresses People Detained at Airports\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nSpicer: Those Detained at Airports Were \u2018Inconvenienced A Little\u2019\nShare this video\n0:00:42\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:42\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 1.4MB\n360p | 1.6MB\n480p | 8.6MB\n",
        "caption": "Attorneys Shereef Akeel, left, Gadeir Abbas, and Lena Masri, right, stand as Council on American-Islamic Relations (CAIR) national executive director Nihad Awad speaks during a news conference in Washington, Jan. 30, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D136942D-ABB4-4882-96F4-5876A59F5E85.jpg",
        "id": "22368_2",
        "answer": [
            "filed a federal lawsuit in the Eastern District Court of Virginia",
            "filed a federal lawsuit",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Council on American-Islamic Relations (CAIR)",
            "CAIR"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_30_3699124",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_30_3699124_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who are unhappy with the person in the image with blonde hair?",
        "context": "Spokesman: Merkel Remains Committed to Strong Trans-Atlantic Ties\nGerman Chancellor Angela Merkel remains committed to strong trans-Atlantic relations, her spokesman said Monday, after the German leader suggested that the United States is no longer a reliable partner.\n\"Because trans-Atlantic relations are so important to this chancellor, it is right from her viewpoint to speak out honestly about differences,\" spokesman Steffen Seibert said Monday during a news conference.\n\"The times in which we can fully count on others are somewhat over, as I have experienced in the past few days,\" Merkel said, addressing a campaign rally in Bavaria.\nG-7 leaders, from left, President of the European Commission Jean-Claude Junker, Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, German Chancellor Angela Merkel, President Donald Trump, and Italian Prime Minister Paolo Gentiloni, pose for a family photo at the Anc\nMerkel, among other European leaders, was sharply critical of U.S. President Donald Trump's decision at the recent G-7 meeting in Sicily not to reiterate support for the 2015 Paris agreement to combat climate change. In a pared down final communique, all G-7 nations except the U.S. pledged action to mitigate climate change. Merkel has said the climate agreement is so important there should not be any compromise on it.\nWhile acknowledging that Germany and Europe should strive to maintain good relations with the U.S. as well as Britain, which is leaving the European Union, Merkel also said, \u201cWe need to know we must fight for our own future as Europeans for our destiny.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "G-7 leaders, from left, President of the European Commission Jean-Claude Junker, Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, German Chancellor Angela Merkel, President Donald Trump, and Italian Prime Minister Paolo Gentiloni, pose for a family photo at the Anc",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/784A1091-35E7-435E-9F30-A4588C86E1E1.jpg",
        "id": "7405_2",
        "answer": [
            "the U.S. as well as Britain",
            "European leaders"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Donald Trump",
            "Angela Merkel"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_29_3875319",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_29_3875319_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person speaking within the image say?",
        "context": "Top US Envoy Tillerson Confident of His Relationship with Trump\nU.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson says he is not worried about his standing with President Donald Trump following Trump's firing of FBI chief James Comey.\n\"I have a great relationship with the president,\" Tillerson told NBC News' Meet the Press on Sunday. \"I understand what his objectives are. When I'm not clear on what his objectives are, we talk about it.\"\nTillerson spoke as Trump prepares for his first overseas trip as president. He heads Friday to Saudi Arabia for discussions with King Salman and to Israel for a meeting with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu about ongoing turmoil and security threats in the volatile Middle East. Later, Trump is to visit Pope Francis at the Vatican and meet with more world leaders at NATO and at a G7 economic summit.\n\"I am devoted to helping the president achieve his objectives, helping him be successful,\" Tillerson said. \"And I understand I have to earn his confidence every day with how I go about those affairs and how I go about conducting the State Department's activities consistent with the direction he wants to take the country.\"\nComey's firing\nTrump on Tuesday fired Comey as director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation. In the wake of Comey's firing, opposition Democratic lawmakers and some Republicans have called for a special prosecutor to be appointed to lead the investigation into Russia's meddling in last year's U.S. presidential election.\nFILE - FBI Director James Comey speaks to the Anti-Defamation League National Leadership Summit in Washington, May 8, 2017.\nTillerson said the Washington political debate over Comey's firing does not affect him and his relationship with Trump.\n\"I will never compromise my own values.\" Tillerson said. \"And so that's my only line. And my values are those of the country.\"\nTillerson met last week with Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov but defended not bringing up the U.S. intelligence community's conclusion that Moscow meddled in last year's U.S. presidential election to help Trump win, a contention that Russia has rejected.\nU.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson (R) waves to the media next to Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov before their meeting at the State Department in Washington, May 10, 2017. R\nTillerson said the United States and Russia have numerous major issues to consider, but said he has no question in his own mind that Russia interfered.\n\"We have to look at this relationship in the broadest contour,\" he said, adding that he was committed to improving cooperation between Moscow and Washington.\n",
        "caption": "President Donald Trump smiles at Secretary of State Rex Tillerson after he was sworn in in the Oval Office of the White House in Washington, Feb. 1, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/BDE002E1-C281-4077-AF4F-FCA4A6D6125C.jpg",
        "id": "5033_1",
        "answer": [
            "the United States and Russia have numerous major issues to consider"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Tillerson"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_14_3850989",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_14_3850989_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person in the image responsible for?",
        "context": "Pro-Government Attackers Storm Venezuela Legislature \nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nArmed supporters of Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro stormed the country's opposition-held legislature on Wednesday, attacking lawmakers and holding hundreds of people hostage inside the building for nine hours.\nAt least 12 people were injured, including five legislators and workers at the National Assembly.\nNational Assembly President Julio Borges blamed Maduro for the situation in Venezuela, where months of political and economic crisis have brought street protests that often turn into violence between pro- and anti-government marchers. Nearly 100 people have been killed.\n\"The violence in Venezuela is named Nicolas Maduro,\" Borges told reporters.\nThe Maduro supporters, who call themselves \"colectivos,\" burst into the legislative chamber at the beginning of the takeover. Shots were fired and detonations were heard, and ambulances took away about 15 injured people, some of them lawmakers with blood streaming down their faces and soaking their shirts.\nThe armed gangs left the Legislative Palace later, but kept the building surrounded. National Guardsmen patrolled the area but made no move to remove the gunmen or free those being detained inside.\nThe hostages, including VOA's Alvaro Algarra, could hear gunmen outside the National Assembly building chanting, \"It's going to fall. ... This assembly is going to fall.\"\nThe National Assembly was meeting in a special session to honor Venezuela's Independence Day when the dozens of colectivos charged into the chamber. That set off a huge brawl in which at least 15 people were injured.\nThe colectivos have in the past insisted the entire National Assembly must resign, but they announced no demands on Wednesday, Algarra reported.\nAn injured government supporter is taken away by security forces after he and a group of fellow government supporters burst into Venezuela's opposition-controlled National Assembly during a session, in Caracas, Venezuela, July 5, 2017.\nAssembly President Julio Borges told VOA the lawmakers would not yield to any demands by the gunmen.\nPresident Maduro, marching in a Venezuelan Independence Day parade, said he had nothing to do with what he called the \u201cstrange events\u201d at the National Assembly.\n\u201cI do not accept violence from anyone,\u201d Maduro said, adding that he would call for an investigation.\nVenezuela's President Nicolas Maduro holds out his arms as arrives to attend a military parade commemorating the country's Independence Day in Caracas, Venezuela, July 5, 2017.\nA country in crisis\nVenezuela has been gripped by a political and economic crisis for months. Daily street protests against the Maduro government often explode into violence between pro- and anti-government marchers. Nearly 100 people have been killed.\nMaduro has called an election on July 30 for members of a special assembly to rewrite Venezuela's constitution \u2014 the only way, the president said, to fix the country's problems and end violence.\nOpposition leaders proposed instead an unofficial referendum, which they said would give Venezuela's people a voice, to choose whether they want a new national charter. Maduro's call for a new constitution is a ruse, the opposition said, intended to tighten his grip on the country and move toward dictatorship.\nVenezuela's economic collapse, caused by both plunging world energy prices and government corruption, has wreaked havoc on what was once a prosperous, oil-rich nation. Basic staples such as flour, bread, cooking oil and gasoline are in extremely short supply. Many Venezuelans routinely cross the borders into neighboring Colombia and Brazil to buy food.\nMaduro blames his country's woes on the United States and warns of civil war if the Organization of American States intervenes.\nAlvaro Algarra in Caracas contributed to this report\n",
        "caption": "Venezuela's President Nicolas Maduro holds out his arms as arrives to attend a military parade commemorating the country's Independence Day in Caracas, Venezuela, July 5, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D8AB2AB8-70C7-44BC-8756-5D95C9CC9C53.jpg",
        "id": "5987_3",
        "answer": [
            "Months of political and economic crisis have brought street protests that often turn into violence between pro- and anti-government marchers. ",
            "violence in Venezuela"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Nicolas Maduro ",
            "Nicolas Maduro"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_05_3929637",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_05_3929637_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person with dark hair in the image beginning?",
        "context": "In First, Mexican President Meets Venezuelan Opposition Activist\nMEXICO CITY \u2014\u00a0\nMexico's President Enrique Pena Nieto received a leading Venezuelan opposition activist for the first time, in a policy shift that reflects Mexico's increasing assertiveness against the government of Venezuela's President Nicolas Maduro.\nPena Nieto's meeting with Lilian Tintori, wife of jailed opposition leader Leopoldo Lopez, in the Mexican capital follows statements by the Mexican government demanding that democracy be \"re-established\" in Venezuela, where elections have been postponed.\n\"We trust that, via an agreement between all sides, it will be the Venezuelans who re-establish the democratic order,\" Pena Nieto said via Twitter late on Thursday after the meeting.\nThe position reflects deep concern about the humanitarian crisis of food and medicine shortages in Venezuela, as well as the Supreme Court's short-lived decision last week to take over the powers of the country's opposition-controlled Congress.\nIt is also seen by diplomats as helping support ties between Mexico and the government of U.S. President Donald Trump.\nVenezuela's Foreign Minister Delcy Rodriguez last week slammed her Mexican counterpart Luis Videgaray's \"betrayal\" and called him \"servile\" after Videgaray said the situation in Venezuela was a \"systematic violation\" of democratic principles.\nMexico has taken a leading role in efforts at the Washington-based Organization of American States (OAS) to pressure the Maduro government under threat of being expelled from the regional diplomatic body.\n\"Pena Nieto is worried about what Venezuelans are living, Tintori said in an interview with Mexican media network Grupo Imagen that also referred to Mexico's role in the OAS.\nThe Mexican stance against Maduro's government is a shift from a traditional neutral approach to the politics of its Latin American neighbors. It brings Mexico in line with recently elected conservative governments in Argentina, Brazil and Peru but puts it at odds with Venezuela's allies in the region.\nSome in Mexican foreign policy circles had been pushing for Pena Nieto to receive Tintori as a message of support for the Venezuelan opposition. Tintori had previously met Videgaray's predecessor as foreign minister.\n",
        "caption": "Handout picture released by Lilian Tintori's press office showing Mexican President Enrique Pena Nieto (L) with Lilian Tintori, wife of imprisoned Venezuelan leader Leopoldo Lopez, during a private meeting in Mexico City, April 6, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/8480CF0A-83BE-4D98-A154-AD43F6038208.jpg",
        "id": "24991_1",
        "answer": [
            "Mexico's increasing assertiveness against the government of Venezuela's President Nicolas Maduro"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "President Enrique Pena Nieto"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_07_3801296",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_07_3801296_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What vehicles did the weapons shown in the image blow up?",
        "context": "US Looking Into Whether Russia Aided Syrian Chemical Attack\nPENTAGON \u2014\u00a0\nSenior U.S. military officials said Friday that they were looking into whether Russia aided Syrian forces in this week's deadly chemical attack on civilians in Idlib province.\n\"We think we have a good picture of who supported them as well,\" one senior military official told reporters at the Pentagon, adding that the Pentagon was \"carefully assessing any information that would implicate the Russians knew or assisted with this Syrian capability.\"\nThe officials said that at a minimum, the Russians failed to rein in the Syrian regime activity that has killed innocent Syrian civilians. They said Russia also failed to fulfill its 2013 guarantee that Syria's chemical weapons would be eliminated.\nThe U.S. military officials noted that they had not seen evidence of Russian involvement in the chemical attack. However, the officials said the Russians had an aviation unit based at the airfield where the attack originated and have \"chemical expertise in country.\"\nA detailed graphic of the targets at al-Shayrat airfield hit during the U.S. strike with 59 Tomahawk cruise missiles. (ImageSat International)\nU.S. military officials have shown reporters the Syrian aircraft flight path that was taken April 4 from al-Shayrat airfield to the town of Khan Sheikhoun, where more than 80 people were killed in the attack that local doctors said involved sarin nerve gas.\nU.S. military officials said Friday that after the attack, they watched a small drone, also called a UAV, flying over the hospital in Khan Sheikoun where victims of the chemical attack were being treated.\n\"About five hours later, the UAV returned, and the hospital was struck by additional munitions,\" one official said.\nThe senior military official said the U.S. did not know why the hospital was struck or who carried out the strike, but had determined that it was potentially done \"to hide the evidence of a chemical attack.\"\nU.S.-Russia communication\nMeanwhile, senior military officials said the United States and Russia would maintain a line of communication aimed at preventing midair collisions of their warplanes in Syrian airspace. That contradicted Moscow's earlier assertion that it had suspended those communications in protest against the Tomahawk cruise missile strike on al-Shayrat airfield.\nThe communication line is primarily used to ensure that Russian and U.S. planes conducting combat missions in Syria do not get into unintentional confrontations. The U.S. is using the airspace to conduct strikes against Islamic State terrorists.\nThe U.S. used the line to inform the Russians of the intent to strike in order to warn any Russians who were at the base, officials said.\nFILE - The USS Ross fires a Tomahawk missile, April 7, 2017. The Ross is conducting naval operations in the U.S. 6th Fleet area of operations in support of U.S. national security interests.\nFriday's U.S. strike used 59 Tomahawk cruise missiles to hit targets on the Syrian airfield, including about 20 aircraft, aircraft storage facilities, ammunition supply bunkers and radars, officials said.\nA U.S. military official told VOA there was an area on the airfield known to have been used as a chemical weapons depot. The source said that the U.S. military did not know whether chemical weapons were still in that area, but out of an abundance of caution to avoid potential casualties, the missiles did not strike that area. Other U.S. military officials told VOA the strikes did not target the airfield runways so as to not threaten Russians, adding that the Tomahawk type used was for \"precision strikes, not cratering.\"\nOne military official deemed the strikes as \"appropriate, proportionate, precise and effective.\"\nThe office of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad described the strikes in a statement Friday as \"reckless\" and \"irresponsible.\" The statement added that the attacks were \"shortsighted\" and a continuation of a U.S. policy of \"subjugating people.\"\nRussia, which is providing troops and air support to the Assad government, condemned the U.S. military action, calling it \"aggression against a sovereign state,\" and said it was suspending a memorandum of understanding with the U.S. for flight safety over Syria.\nU.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Nikki Haley said Friday that the United States \"took a very measured step last night.\" She added, \"We are prepared to do more, but we hope that will not be necessary.\"\nVOA's Margaret Besheer contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - The USS Ross fires a Tomahawk missile, April 7, 2017. The Ross is conducting naval operations in the U.S. 6th Fleet area of operations in support of U.S. national security interests.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D118E23F-D5CE-4B1D-A3B9-E01D4AD79A48.jpg",
        "id": "26829_3",
        "answer": [
            "20 aircraft"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "missiles"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_07_3801409",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_07_3801409_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What will the person with the striped tie in the image do?",
        "context": "Trump: Terrorism 'Number One' Issue Ahead of NATO Meeting \nBRUSSELS \u2014\u00a0\nAhead of meetings this week with NATO leaders, President Donald Trump has called terrorism the \u201cnumber one\u201d problem currently facing the world, and said we are \u201cmaking tremendous progress\u201d in the fight against terror.\nTrump, meeting Wednesday with Belgian Prime Minister Charles Michel in Brussels, said the U.S. and NATO will work on \u201cvarious problems,\u201d but Trump pointed to the suicide bombing Monday in Britain and noted that terrorism is at the top of the list.\n\u201cWhen you see something like that happened a few days ago, you realize how important it is to win this fight. And we will win this fight,\u201d he said.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-partner=\\\"tweetdeck\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;Honor of a lifetime to meet His Holiness Pope Francis. I leave the Vatican more determined than ever to pursue PEACE in our world. \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://t.co/JzJDy7pllI\\\"\\u0026gt;pic.twitter.com/JzJDy7pllI\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/867354520526872576\\\"\\u0026gt;May 24, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nTrump arrived in Brussels Wednesday afternoon following talks with the pope at the Vatican in Rome. Trump said on Twitter after the meeting he is \u201cmore determined than ever to pursue PEACE in our world.\u201d\nAboard Air Force One, on the flight from Italy to Belgium, U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson said Trump would be \u201cvery tough\u201d on NATO allies Thursday and tell them \u201cyou need to make sure you're doing your share for your security as well.\u201d\nTrump wants to \u201cpersuade NATO members to step up and fully meet their obligations under burden sharing the 2 percent of GDP is a target they all agreed to,\u201d Tillerson told reporters.\nThe defense alliance is expected to give the U.S. president at least one big thing he wants: a commitment to the coalition to fight Islamic State.\n\u201cWe do think that would be a really important step for them to take,\u201d Tillerson said.\nPresident Donald Trump, second left, and his wife Melania, right, pose with Belgium's King Philippe and his wife Queen Mathilde at the Royal Palace in Brussels, May 24, 2017.\nArticle 5 endorsement\nTrump is likely to allay NATO members' concerns about his administration's commitment to the pact's mutual assistance pledge, something that has been in doubt.\nDuring a ceremony Thursday, Trump is expected to finally endorse Article 5, under which any NATO member agrees to come to the aid of an ally under attack. The only time it has been invoked was when al-Qaida terrorists attacked the United States on September 11, 2001.\nPrior to Wednesday's meeting with the pope, Trump spent several days touring the Middle East and meeting with Israeli and Palestinian leaders, as well as other leaders in the Muslim world. While speaking to dozens of Muslim leaders in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, he called for Muslim unity in the fight against terrorism.\nSecretary of State Rex Tillerson speaks with reporters on a flight with President Donald Trump to Israel, May 22, 2017, aboard Air Force One.\nManchester attack\nTillerson said he thinks the Manchester attack will only serve to strengthen ties between the U.S. and NATO in the fight against terrorism.\n\u201cI think the horrible attack in Manchester just reminded all of us just why we have to do this,\u201d said the secretary of state. \u201cWe have to do it, we can't leave it for someone else to do.\u201d\nAfter participating in the inauguration of a new NATO headquarters and a meeting of the alliance's leaders, the president will return to Italy, specifically the island of Sicily, for the Group of Seven summit.\n",
        "caption": "President Donald Trump, second left, and his wife Melania, right, pose with Belgium's King Philippe and his wife Queen Mathilde at the Royal Palace in Brussels, May 24, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D46BE0EF-5C13-4989-BD9E-5D41943A03EE.jpg",
        "id": "15225_2",
        "answer": [
            "persuade NATO members to step up and fully meet their obligations under burden",
            "finally endorse Article 5, under which any NATO member agrees to come to the aid of an ally under attack",
            "work on \u201cvarious problems,\u201d"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Donald Trump",
            "Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_24_3869472",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_24_3869472_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the name of the company that runs the store in the image?",
        "context": "South Korean Businesses in China Feel Backlash Over Seoul Missile Deployment \nA growing number of South Korean companies are feeling the impact from China\u2019s backlash over Seoul\u2019s decision to begin deployment of a U.S.-made missile defense system at home. Chinese employees of South Korean companies and those working for related industries are also getting caught up in the diplomatic spat.\nLotte Group, the South Korean company that provided the military with a plot of land for the deployment of the Terminal High Altitude Area Defense, or THAAD, has already had more than 50 of its stores closed in China.\nA spokesperson for the company told VOA that 55 of Lotte\u2019s stores have been closed, impacting 7,000 of the company\u2019s Chinese employees. Lotte said it employs some 20,000 in China. The company has around 115 outlets and facilities in China.\nAlthough company sales records attribute only a small portion of Lotte\u2019s overall sales to its biggest overseas market \u2013 China \u2013 the country is a major destination for South Korean trade and Lotte is not the only company being impacted.\nA woman walks past an Intime Lotte Department Store in downtown Beijing, China Jan. 10, 2017.\nBacklash\nThe backlash is impacting cosmetics, tourism and other sectors as Chinese authorities step up their use of administrative related measures and behind the scenes prodding to put pressure on Seoul.\nThis week, a South Korean and U.S. joint venture between Lotte Group and American candy giant Hershey Co. confirmed that it was ordered to stop production because of safety violations.\nRoyal Caribbean, a U.S. cruise operator, said in a post on its Chinese website that it had changed its China based cruises to remove visits to popular South Korean resorts because of what it called \u201crecent developments regarding the situation in South Korea.\u201d\nSome airline operators in China have suddenly halted routes to South Korea. According to a statement on the website of South Korea\u2019s Eastar Jet, starting next Wednesday, flights between several Chinese cities \u2013 including Harbin, Shenyang and Ningbo - and the South Korean city of Cheongju and tourist hotspot of Jeju, will be canceled.\nThe notice said flights will not resume until October 28, 2017. The statement listed \u201cworsening China/South Korea relations\u201d as the reason for the change.\nFILE - Workers on lifts are pictured near the tail of a Boeing 787-8 Dreamliner being built for for Xiamen Airlines.\nThe head of Xiamen Airlines, Che Shanglun, told reporters on the sidelines of high-level political meetings in Beijing that some passengers were canceling or postponing their trips to South Korea.\n\u201cWe haven\u2019t reduced flights, but passenger numbers have fallen\u2026 by about 10-20 percent daily, Che said.\nSo far, state media has largely led the push for sanctions against South Korea. The Chinese government warned that the public could respond, but also stressed that law abiding foreign firms are welcome in China and will be protected.\nThe government\u2019s ambiguous stance seems to be a cover for its aggressive efforts behind the scenes to make South Korea feel the pinch and the Chinese public believe that the outrage is coming from the ground up.\nBut, clearly that is far from the case. While there have been some small and sporadic protests. Public outrage over the missile deployment in South Korea seems muted in comparison to the public outcry over a territorial dispute with Japan in 2012 over the Senkaku or Diaoyu islands as they are called in China.\nA Lotte Mart is seen closed in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province, China, March 5, 2017.\nApathy and sarcasm\nOn Friday, at one Lotte Mart in central Beijing that is still open, it was business as usual. Customers were coming and going - both young and old. Some pulling grocery carts, others with hands full of tasty pastry treats.\nNone were willing to talk about the dispute or comment on what the government and some online argue is widespread public anger over the decision.\nA security guard was on the lookout at the door and two others sat nearby at the bottom of an escalator that leads down to the below ground shopping mart. Their presence appeared to be part of what has been described as an increased security presence at stores in case protesters gather outside. But none were seen.\nThe store\u2019s general manager was unwilling to comment neither on the ongoing dispute nor on concerns he might have about the fate of the store. One woman said that if the store did get closed down she would just go elsewhere.\nShe did not have any comment about the ongoing dispute, that many online claim has their blood boiling.\nPictures of protests outside some stores have been posted online, but on social media there were just as many sarcastic remarks about the push to apply punishing sanctions on South Korea as there were calls to do more.\nOne supportive comment about a news story detailing the impact on South Korea\u2019s hotel industry called on all brave Chinese to stand up and not buy goods from any country that is unfriendly to China and to stop traveling to Japan and South Korea. A response said: \u201cWhat right do you have to hold others hostage?\u201d Another comment quipped: \u201cPlease tell me, which country is friendly to China?\u201d\nThe comments were found on the popular online news portal Netease and in response to an article about worsening China/South Korea ties and its impact on the hotel industry in South Korea. The report said that in response to the deployment hotels in South Korea saw a 30 percent drop in reservations and that hotels affiliated with Lotte were leading the way.\nStill one reader, who realized that means 70 percent were still keeping their reservations, asked: \u201cWhy are there still people traveling to South Korea?\u201d One respondent shot back: \u201cBecause South Korea is a safe place to visit, people are cultured and well mannered, and goods are cheap. At home, tourists are getting ripped off.\u201d\nMany were skeptical that the calls for a boycott would last, noting that the last time the Chinese were rallying against Japanese goods, the push did not last long.\n",
        "caption": "A Lotte Mart is seen closed in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province, China, March 5, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/0B619AA9-447A-45AA-A958-05E11CE91CB9.jpg",
        "id": "2133_1",
        "answer": [
            "Lotte Group"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "China"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_10_3759762",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_10_3759762_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What happens to the people who try to cross the place in the image?",
        "context": "Tough Court on Immigration Serves as Model for Trump Plans\nDEL RIO, TEXAS \u2014\u00a0\nOne by one, the Mexican men stood in the jury box, shackles rattling as they fidgeted slightly and pleaded guilty to crossing the U.S. border illegally.\nThey had come for better jobs, many to earn more money to help raise their children, their defense lawyer told a federal magistrate in a quiet west Texas courtroom about 3 miles (5 kilometers) north of the Mexican border. The magistrate, Collis White, warned that a guilty plea would mean jail time and they couldn't return to the United States legally for years. Speaking in Spanish, each of the 15 men said they understood. They faced up to six months in jail, but most were sentenced to just a few days.\nThey had the misfortune of landing in America's toughest courthouse for people who cross the border illegally. In other jurisdictions, authorities routinely skip the criminal charges and order quick deportations. But for the last decade, just about everyone arrested near Del Rio gets prosecuted.\nThat tough approach is a model President Donald Trump hopes to replicate as part of his sweeping plans to stop illegal immigration, a cornerstone of his campaign. He wants to prosecute many more people caught crossing the border illegally as a warning to others that such action has serious consequences.\nSupporters of aggressive prosecutions point to a drop in arrests for illegal border crossings in the Del Rio area as evidence that the tough approach works. Fewer arrests are seen as an indication that fewer people are trying to cross illegally.\nFILE - U.S. Attorney General Jeff Sessions speaks as Secretary of Homeland Security John Kelly, right, and U.S. Senator Ron Johnson look on while visiting the U.S.-Mexico border area in San Diego, California, April 21, 2017.\nCost of cracking down\nStepping up prosecutions wouldn't be cheap. Immigration cases already account for more than half of federal prosecutions. Trump is seeking hundreds of millions of dollars more for additional jail cells, prosecutors and marshals to transport prisoners. It's unclear if Congress will give him the money.\nCivil libertarians object to the prosecutions, saying those arrested are rushed through the legal system without having a chance to exercise their rights.\nAnd a previous attempt to expand the Del Rio approach had mixed results. Prosecutions spiked at the end of the Bush administration and during the first years of the Obama administration, but later declined. Limited resources, including jail space and not enough prosecutors, contributed to that drop.\nStill, Trump administration officials plan to press ahead. Attorney General Jeff Sessions and Homeland Security Secretary John Kelly made the point as they've toured the border in recent weeks, saying that those who enter the U.S. illegally will be prosecuted and deported. The Justice Department this month called on prosecutors to appoint border security coordinators in every judicial district.\n\"This is a new era. This is the Trump era,\" Sessions said while visiting the border in Nogales, Arizona.\nIn White's Del Rio courtroom, cases of illegal border crossings were handled in under a minute. Only one man was sentenced to more than a few days.\n\"If you can find a legal way to come back, you're more than welcome,\" White told the men, his words translated by an interpreter. \"But it has to be just that.\"\nFILE - U.S. Customs and Border Protection Air and Marine agents patrol along the Rio Grande on the Texas-Mexico border near Rio Grande City, Texas, Feb. 24, 2015.\nDrop in border crossings\nThe new push for prosecutions comes as the number of people crossing the border illegally has plummeted. Under President Barack Obama, there was a steady decline in arrests. And in March, the second full month of the Trump administration, border agents reported the fewest border crossers in a single month in at least 17 years.\nIllegal immigration straddles a line in federal courthouses. Being in the United States illegally \u2014 whether after crossing a border or overstaying a visa \u2014 is a civil offense. But those caught crossing the border illegally can face criminal charges, though that generally doesn't happen. Those who return illegally after being convicted can face years in prison.\nThe Del Rio prosecution strategy was the result of an earlier push to secure the border. Before it started, agents in the Border Patrol's Del Rio Sector arrested more than 68,000 people in a 12-month period. Now arrests in the area have dropped to an average of about 20,000 a year.\nThe acting chief patrol agent in Del Rio, Matthew Hudak, said the effort has succeeded for several reasons.\n\"Policy matters, enforcement matters, the work of agents matters,\" Hudak said.\nIt helps that the Border Patrol's sector there only covers one judicial district. In other areas, agents often work across state and judicial district lines, making it more difficult to coordinate prosecution, jail space and transportation.\nThe often-brief court proceedings alarm civil libertarians.\nCelia Wang, deputy legal director for the American Civil Liberties Union, said border crossers facing prosecution are urged to plead guilty and don't fully know the implications of that. Immigrants convicted of a crime often lose their chance to make claims to stay in the United States, including asylum.\n\"People have no idea what is happening,\" Wang said. \"It's completely lost on [them],\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Attorney General Jeff Sessions, center, tours the U.S.-Mexico border with border officials in Nogales, Arizona, April 11, 2017. A courthouse on the border in Texas is serving as a model for the kind of tough immigration enforcement advocated by President Donald Trump.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/9D11C440-1DDF-40FF-948B-82549672DA40.jpg",
        "id": "23926_1",
        "answer": [
            "prosecuted and deported"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "border"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_25_3825064",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_25_3825064_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the nation of the person with the blue tie in the image do?",
        "context": "Russia Flies Bombers Around Japan\nPENTAGON \u2014\u00a0\nTwo Russian bombers circumnavigated Japan Tuesday, a defense official told VOA.\nThe official from U.S. Pacific Command, which overseas U.S. military operations in the Asia-Pacific region, said Pacific Command did not take any action during the activity because the Russian bombers\u2019 flight paths did not cause concern.\nAnother U.S. official told VOA the Russian aircraft had stayed in international airspace throughout the flights around the island nation.\nEarlier in the day, Fox News reported that the move had prompted Japan\u2019s military to scramble fighter jets while the North American Aerospace Defense Command, known as NORAD, increased its threat posture.\nNORAD spokeswoman Ashleigh Peck told VOA that it is not unusual for various areas covered by NORAD to shift threat response postures \u201cfor exercises or real world events.\u201d However, she would not confirm or deny any recent posture changes because of \u201coperational security reasons.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Russian President Vladimir Putin (L) and Japanese Prime minister Shinzo Abe attend a Japanese-Russian meeting in Tokyo, Japan, Dec. 16, 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/33315E13-0C92-4FC4-82EB-0B224AF9B89B.jpg",
        "id": "11292_1",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "scramble fighter jets"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Japan",
            "Shinzo Abe"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_26_3692898",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_26_3692898_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person in the image getting?",
        "context": "Iran, Turkey Send Food to Qatar Amid Fears of Shortages\nIran has sent at least four cargo planes of food and will continue to send more to Qatar after its biggest suppliers cut ties with the import-dependent country, according to Iran Air spokesman Shahrokh Noushabadi.\nTurkey has also said it would contribute food to Qatar amid fears of a food shortage after Saudi Arabia sealed Qatar's only land border, through which it imported most of its food.\nQatar hires former US Attorney General\nSaudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Bahrain and Egypt severed relations last week with Qatar, accusing the small nation of supporting Islamist militants and Iran, allegations Qatar has said are baseless. U.S. President Donald Trump has also had strong criticism of Qatar.\nFILE - Former Bush administration Attorney General John Ashcroft is seated before President Barack Obama and FBI Director James Comey arrive at an installation ceremony at FBI Headquarters in Washington, Oct. 28, 2013.\nIn a bid to rebut these accusations, Qatar is paying $2.5 million to the firm of John Ashcroft, who served as U.S. Attorney General during the September 11th attacks, to audit its efforts at stopping terrorism funding.\nAshcroft is expected to personally lead his Washington-based firm's efforts \"to evaluate, verify and as necessary, strengthen the client's anti-money laundering and counterterrorism financing\" compliance, according to documents filed with the Department of Justice.\nTillerson, Cavusuglu discuss Qatar\nU.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson spoke on the phone late Saturday with Turkish Foreign Minister Mevlut Cavusoglu about the dispute between Qatar and its Arab Gulf neighbors.\nTillerson urged Saudi Arabia and other Gulf states Friday to \u201cno further escalate\u201d the crisis and ease their blockade of Qatar, which he said was causing unintended humanitarian consequences and affecting the U.S.-led fight against Islamic State.\nIn reference to Tillerson's comments on the blockade, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan said Friday in Istanbul it \u201cshould be lifted completely.\u201d\nTurkish President Tayyip Erdogan delivers a speech during a fast-breaking iftar dinner at the 1. Commando Brigade in Kayseri, Turkey, June 8, 2017.\n\"Tonight, U.S. Secretary of State [Rex] Tillerson made a statement,\" he said. \"He had a statement about easing the process and reducing the sanctions [against Qatar]. I say let us lift it entirely. This should not be happening between brothers.\"\nSpeaking at a Ramadan fast-breaking dinner, Erdogan vowed to continue supporting Qatar after his rapid approval of legislation on deploying Turkish troops there.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Former Bush administration Attorney General John Ashcroft is seated before President Barack Obama and FBI Director James Comey arrive at an installation ceremony at FBI Headquarters in Washington, Oct. 28, 2013.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/C43CA67C-02AB-4D25-8697-6A4A07A49798.jpg",
        "id": "6186_2",
        "answer": [
            "Qatar is paying $2.5 million to the firm of John Ashcroft",
            "$2.5 million"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "John Ashcroft ",
            "John Ashcroft"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_11_3895653",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_11_3895653_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person on the right of the image promise?",
        "context": "Turkey Says it Will Attack Syrian Kurdish Forces at Manbij\nISTANBUL \u2014\u00a0\nTurkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan has declared his nation's forces will liberate the Syrian town of Manbij from the Kurdish YPG and hand it back to local Arabs.\nAnkara accuses the YPG of being affiliated with the Kurdistan Workers Party, or PKK, which is fighting the Turkish state and is designated a terrorist organization by the United States and much of the international community.\nAny move, however, against Manbij threatens to put Ankara and Washington on a collision course. \u201cIt would put Turkey against American-supported forces who are fighting with America against ISIS,\u201d says political columnist Semih Idiz, of Al Monitor website. \u201cISIS is a major target for America at the moment and that would really be a disaster, as far as Turkish-American relations are concerned.\u201d\nManbij Syria\nAnalysts concerned\nThe Syrian Kurdish militia is a key part of the U.S.-backed SDF coalition marching on the so-called Islamic State's self-declared capital of Raqqa.\nAnalysts warn any attack on Manbij could compromise that operation, given that elements of the YPG would likely withdraw to defend Manbij.\nErdogan accuses Washington of reneging on its promise to ensure the YPG would withdraw after it liberated Manbij from Islamic State. The YPG insists it did withdraw and only local people are defending the town.\nSome experts are expressing alarm at the prospect of such a confrontation. \u201cIt does not make any sense at all, militarily, politically, ideologically, logically, does not make sense. I mean It is a built up area; why should the Turkish army move into this built up area and risking huge casualty rates; why?\u201d says former Turkish Brigadier General Haldun Solmazturk, who now heads the Ankara-based research group the 21st Century Turkey Institute.\nSupporters of President Tayyip Erdogan wave Turkish flags during the first hearing of the trial for soldiers accused of attempting to assassinate Erdogan during last year's failed July 15 coup, in Mugla, Turkey, Feb. 20, 2017.\nA political move?\nThe Turkish army has been hit with a series of purges within it ranks, since a failed coup in July, that are being cited as a factor into why the military remains bogged down after weeks of fighting to oust Islamic State from the town of al-Bab, which is much smaller than Manbij.\nThe failings of the Free Syrian Army, which Ankara originally planned to lead the fight against IS, is also cited as a factor behind the ongoing struggle in al-Bab. \u201cThe Free Syrian army itself did not prove capable of doing anything unless Turkish armed forces take the lead,\u201d said analyst Aydin Selcen, a former senior Turkish diplomat who served widely in the region.\nTurkish domestic politics could be behind an operation against Manbij.\n\u201cThey (Erdogan and his government) have made foreign policy so much a part of their domestic political calculations,\u201d observes International relations expert Soli Ozel of Istanbul's Kadir Has University. Erdogan is aware cracking down on the YPG plays well with Turkish nationalists whose votes he is courting in an April referendum to extend his presidential powers.\nOzel voiced concerns about overreach. \u201cI am not really sure they are aware, that circumstances have changed, that Turkey doesn't really look as strong as it used to be and its hand is not as strong.\u201d\nThe threat to move on Manbij could be a high stakes gamble in forcing Washington's arm. \u201cI personally don't think the Turkish side can move in that direction anyway,\u201d suggests columnist Idiz. \u201cI think they are looking for a negotiated deal with the American side, but whether this is possible is not clear.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "Turkish President Tayyip Erdogan, right, meets with U.S. Senator John McCain at the Presidential Palace in Ankara, Feb. 20, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/AA59D385-127A-4445-845A-F3BC5D2DF88A.jpg",
        "id": "32937_1_3",
        "answer": [
            "his nation's forces will liberate the Syrian town of Manbij"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Erdogan"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_20_3732399",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_20_3732399_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What form of faith are the people in the image?",
        "context": "Saudi-led Coalition Battles Yemen\u2019s Houthis for Control of Red Sea Ports\nCAIRO \u2014\u00a0\nSaudi-led coalition forces and their Yemeni allies fighting under the banner of President Mansour Hadi have captured several strategic ports on the Red Sea in recent weeks, and are vowing to try and pursue the largest prize, control over the Yemeni port of Hodeida.\nThe fight involves both an internal tug-of-war and a proxy battle between Iran and Saudi Arabia for influence over strategic waterways.\nSaudi-backed Yemeni media recently broadcast video of Saudi-backed Yemeni militia fighters cheering after they seized part of the key Red Sea port of al-Mukha. The advance comes at the expense of Yemen\u2019s Houthi militiamen, who control the capital, Sana'a, as well as the more important Red Sea port of Hodeida, 226 kilometers to the west.\nPro-Houthi media showed Yemenis fighting under the Houthi banner shouting that they would fight to defend the port of Hodeida until the death. One young man, dressed in a soccer shirt, claimed enthusiastically that he would gladly die to defend his country.\nThe pro-Houthi deputy governor of Hodeida province harangued a small crowd with patriotic rhetoric to assert that everyone supports the Houthis and will fight to keep control of Hodeida. Several officers from Yemen\u2019s traditional military, loyal to former President Ali Abdullah Saleh, appear on camera as well but sound less enthusiastic.\nA pro-Saudi Yemeni official noted that forces loyal to Hadi were advancing on ports near Hodeida, but that the Houthis were laying mines to try and stop them.\nGary Sick, veteran Iran analyst at Columbia University, tells VOA that Saudi efforts to gain control of Yemen's sea ports are like imposing a \"siege around a castle.\"\n\"Controlling sea ports or making them unusable,\" he said, \"makes it harder for the [adversary] to win, even if it's distasteful [from a humanitarian point of view].\"\nThe Houthis\u2019 loose coalition of mostly Shi\u2019ite allies, including Iran and its proxy Hezbollah militia in Lebanon, have been waging both a media war and a shadowy campaign to help the Houthis against their Saudi nemesis, whom they are confronting by proxy elsewhere, in both Syria and Iraq.\nFILE - Tribesmen loyal to Houthi rebels hold their weapons as they chant slogans during a gathering to mobilize more fighters into battlefronts in several Yemeni cities, in Sana'a, Yemen, Nov. 24, 2016.\nOld Saudi-Iran rivalry\nLebanon\u2019s Sheikh Hassan Nasrallah, who heads the pro-Iranian Hezbollah, claimed in a recent speech that Saudi Arabia has \u201calways behaved as if Yemen was one of its own provinces\u201d and cites a quote by Iran\u2019s revolutionary leader Ayatollah Khomeini claiming that Yemen will \u201cstick the Saudi royal family\u2019s faces in the mud.\u201d\nSaudi military spokesman General Ahmed Assiri accused Iran recently of helping to support Houthi forces in the conflict, which began in March 2015, but gave no details.\nHilal Khashan, who teaches political science at the American University of Beirut told VOA, however, that he does not think Iranian military aid is decisive.\n\u201cYemen has far more firearms than people. On average, there are three rifles to each Yemeni and when the Houthis took over most of Yemen [in 2015], they were able with the support of Ali Saleh to take over large quantities of Yemeni army weapons.\u201d\nSaudi media, nevertheless, continue to stress the theme that Iran\u2019s presence in Yemen\u2019s vital Red Sea ports could pose a threat to international maritime trade going through the strategic Bab al Mandeb strait. The Saudi coalition exerted a major effort to retake Yemen\u2019s largest port city of Aden, as well as key islands surrounding it in 2015.\nFormer Iranian President Abolhassan Bani Sadr, for his part, questions claims of Iranian domination of the region or its strategic waterways, despite Iran\u2019s rhetoric toward that end.\nHe said the [Iranian] regime propagates the theme that it can dominate the region in order to justify [its policies] to its own people, while in reality it is weak and unstable.\nHe added that Iran has sentimental attachments to Yemen due to both Yemen\u2019s Zaidi Shi\u2019ite beliefs, and its blood ties to ancient Iranian conquerors. Above and beyond those factors, he said, Iran fancies itself to be the leader of the Islamic world, a pretension it shares with rivals Saudi Arabia and Turkey.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Smoke rises after Saudi-led coalition airstrikes in Sana'a, Yemen, Aug. 9, 2016. The coalition is now hoping to gain control of a number of Red Sea ports, key among them the port of Hodeida.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/E659D0F0-6EC8-4D78-9120-806F8FED19B5.jpg",
        "id": "4848_1",
        "answer": [
            "Shi'ite"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Houthi"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_16_3727542",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_16_3727542_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the man on the left in the image want to build?",
        "context": "China Angers Philippine President with Reported Plan to Build in Disputed Sea\nTAIPEI \u2014\u00a0\nChina\u2019s reported proposal to build a monitoring station on a tiny shoal disputed by Manila would erode a fragile trust between the two countries and fluster the Philippine president, who is anxious to seek Chinese economic assistance.\nChinese Environmental Monitoring Station\nChinese media reports quoted the mayor of the Chinese city of Sansha as saying last week his government would start preparatory work this year for an environmental monitoring station at Scarborough Shoal, a tiny land feature 230 kilometers from Luzon Island.\nThe Chinese foreign ministry dismissed those reports Wednesday, saying that \"according to the relevant bodies in China, the reports ... are mistaken, these things are not true.\" Spokeswoman Hua Chunying said at a daily briefing that China places \"great importance\" on preserving the ecology of the South China Sea but that it also places great importance on its relations with the Philippines.\nIf China carries through, it would threaten a trust it has established with Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte after a stormy period from 2012 to mid-2016, analysts say. Duterte traveled to Beijing in October and pledged to shelve the maritime dispute and received commitments of $24 billion in aid and investment from China.\nFILE - Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte, front, walks with Chinese President Xi Jinping during a welcome ceremony outside the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, China, Oct. 20, 2016.\n\u201cIf China were to be very bold about something, barreling up and starting to undertake land reclamation, then I think it would be difficult for Duterte,\u201d said Euan Graham, international security director with the Lowy Institute for International Policy in Sydney. \u201cAnd public opinion I think would also start to sway in the Philippines.\u201d\nFacing Chinese plans\nDuterte, whose largely impoverished country is looking for more foreign investment, said Tuesday via the presidential office website he \u201ccannot stop China\u201d at Scarborough Shoal. \u201cWe\u2019ll all lose our military and policemen tomorrow, and we are a destroyed nation,\u201d he said, referring to the relatively weak Philippine military.\nBut later the Philippine Justice Ministry said it would protest to China over its intentions for the shoal, Manila-based news media reported.\nMap showing location of Scarborough Shoal in the South China Sea\nThe president is conflicted at the moment because he welcomes Chinese help in building an 830-kilometer railway project on Mindanao, said Jay Batongbacal, director of the Institute for Maritime Affairs and Law of the Sea at the University of the Philippines.\nMassive aid promised \n\u201cChina is banking on the fact that it has promised so much international assistance and infrastructure development projects to the Philippines,\u201d Batongbacal said. The prospect of railway aid, he said, \u201cmay be factoring into Duterte\u2019s reaction, his fatalistic reaction that \u2018oh well, there\u2019s nothing I can do about it.\u2019\u201d\nChinese Vice Premier Wang Yang said on a visit to the Philippines this week his government would be open to helping with the 218 billion peso ($4.34 billion) project, which would connect cities on a vast southern Philippine island that lags other parts of the country in economic development.\nHistory at Scarborough Shoal\nScarborough Shoal was the site of a standoff in 2012 between Chinese and Philippine vessels and it\u2019s part of Beijing\u2019s claim to about 95 percent of the resource-rich South China Sea. Fishing boats from Luzon Island frequent the shoal, which encompasses 158 square kilometers of water.\nDuterte said last year he would declare a marine sanctuary in the shoal\u2019s lagoon.\nFILE - Chinese Coast Guard members approach Filipino fishermen as they confront each other off Scarborough Shoal in the South China Sea, also called the West Philippine Sea, Sept. 23, 2015.\nChina\u2019s claim to the 3.5 million-square-kilometer sea includes waters that Brunei, Malaysia, Taiwan and Vietnam also call their own. China has irritated the other governments with land reclamation, some for military installations, since it began expanding quickly in 2010.\nChina would need to reclaim land to build on the shoal, analysts say.\nDoes monitoring station violate agreement?\nOfficials in Beijing might argue that a monitoring station doesn\u2019t violate the 2002 Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea that it signed with the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), which is being chaired by the Philippines this year, said Jonathan Spangler, director of the South China Sea Think Tank in Taipei.\nThat accord only prohibits occupying so far uninhabited land features in the disputed sea,\n\u201cBuilding an environmental monitoring station on Scarborough Shoal could theoretically be done without inhabiting the feature, but that would not make the action seem any less provocative to rival claimants or other major stakeholders,\u201d Spangler said.\nThe Hainan Daily news report quoting the Chinese mayor has been removed from the Chinese media outlet's website, indicating the official\u2019s statement may have been premature, some experts say. However, China also raised the same prospect last year, prompting the Philippine government then to seek confirmation.\nChina/Philippines relations at stake\nChinese officials have time to \u201cintervene\u201d now if they hope to sustain strong ties with the Philippines, Batongbacal said.\n\u201cThere seems to be growing pressure among some critics in the Philippines for Duterte to be more forceful in his response\u201d to China, said Carl Baker, director of programs with the think tank CSIS Pacific Forum in Honolulu.\nThe Chinese vice premier\u2019s visit, however, suggests that Duterte\u2019s government \u201ccontinues to believe that it can control the maritime disputes by promising to respond later to China's assertive behavior while taking advantage of the economic benefits of improved relations with Beijing,\u201d Baker said.\nA final green light by China or a backlash against Duterte among Filipinos could nudge the country back toward seeking support from its former colonizer and long-time military ally, the United States, some analysts say.\nPhilippines could turn back toward US\nDuterte\u2019s predecessor, Benigno Aquino, leaned heavily the United States for military support, which included joint maritime patrols after 2014. Duterte, a vocal opponent of American influence in the Philippines, canceled those patrols but he has gotten along with U.S. President Donald Trump since Trump took office in January.\nFILE - The BRP Gregorio Del Pilar Philippine warship, at Manila's pier, Philippines, Dec. 17, 2014. The refurbished former U.S. Coast Guard Hamilton-class weather high endurance cutter is now the country's biggest and most modern warship.\nU.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson said in January before his confirmation that China should be barred from its landfilled islands in the contested sea, a comment that upset Beijing.\nAquino also took the China-Philippine maritime dispute to a world arbitration court. The court ruled in Manila\u2019s favor in July, but China rejected the outcome and has sought bilateral talks with Southeast Asian claimant states to patch over maritime sovereignty issues.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte (L) and Chinese President Xi Jinping shake hands after a signing ceremony held in Beijing, Oct. 20, 2016. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F7D69080-E783-4D3C-AB76-EED9EC0ABABF.jpg",
        "id": "33183_1",
        "answer": [
            "a marine sanctuary "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Duterte"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_22_3776777",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_22_3776777_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the blonde person in the image do?",
        "context": "Trump Welcomes Iraqi PM Ahead of Coalition Meeting\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. President Donald Trump welcomed Iraq's prime minister and a large Iraqi delegation to the White House on Monday, for talks aimed at further coordinating efforts to defeat Islamic State extremists in northern Iraq.\nAs the meeting opened, Trump praised Iraqi government efforts to face down the extremist group, and then told Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi that he hoped to discuss the \u201cvacuum\u201d created when IS fighters seized control of large swaths of northern and western Iraq in 2014.\n\u201cWe will figure something out. Our main thrust is we have to get rid of ISIS,\u201d Trump said, using an acronym for Islamic State. \nTrump also lamented the 2011 withdrawal of U.S. forces from Mosul and the rest of Iraq \u2014 a decision made in 2008 and later implemented by President Barack Obama after Iraqi and U.S. negotiators could not agree on details for extending an immunity agreement covering U.S. forces and U.S. contractors.\n\u201cCertainly we shouldn't have left, we should never, ever have left,\u201d Trump said, in comments that followed his suggesting that \u201cperhaps we shouldn't have gone in\u201d in the first place. \nTrump also raised the issue of Iran and its nuclear ambitions, questioning why his predecessor, Barack Obama, signed a nuclear agreement with Tehran that lifted a longstanding Western trade embargo against the Islamic Republic.\nFor his part, Abadi told Trump that his government commands \u201cthe strongest counterterrorism forces. But we are looking forward to more cooperation between us and the U.S.,\u201d he said.\nPrime Minister of Iraq Haider al-Abadi shakes hands with Nancy Lindborg, president of the United States Institute of Peace, after speaking at the institute in Washington, March 20, 2017.\nAbadi addresses peace institute\nLater Monday, Abadi addressed an audience at the independent U.S. Institute of Peace, where he praised the Trump administration for supporting Iraqi initiatives aimed at crushing Islamic State and rebuilding Iraqi cities.\n\u201cWe have been given assurances that the support will not only continue but will accelerate. I think we are happy with the [White House] meeting ... and we're looking forward to meeting with Congress and others,\u201d he said.\nHe also said a growing number of U.S. companies have shown interest in boosting cooperation in trade, commerce, energy and education. \u201cAnd we're meeting [with] them today,\u201d he said. \nCoalition set to meet Wednesday\nThe Iraqi leader's first meeting with Trump comes as the U.S. administration prepares for a 68-nation meeting later this week of the Global Coalition working to defeat Islamic State. The gathering at the State Department is the first meeting of the full coalition since December 2014.\nA U.S. statement said the agenda will target multiple objectives, including counterterrorist financing and the stabilization of areas already liberated from IS control.\nThe conference also comes as an Iraqi military coalition presses its offensive against Islamic State in the northern Iraqi city of Mosul.\nDuring a 2016 visit to Washington, Abadi sought additional financial and military support for the daunting task of rebuilding Iraqi cities ravaged by 14 years of war. He also sought aid to counter a massive humanitarian crisis spawned by the fighting, which has displaced more than 4 million people.\nIraqi Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi speaks during a meeting with President Donald Trump in the Cabinet Room of the White House, March 20, 2017.\nAbadi seeking reconstruction aid\nAbadi was expected to renew those calls during his visit, which coincides with an ongoing civilian exodus from Mosul, as government forces advance on fortified IS positions in Mosul's Old City.\nBut the extent of Washington's commitment to providing such aid remains unclear, shrouded by proposals to cut as much as 30 percent in funding from the budgets of the State Department and the U.S. Agency for International Development. Both entities focus significantly on international peacekeeping initiatives and development programs.\n",
        "caption": "President Donald Trump, left, greets Iraqi Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi upon his arrival to the White House in Washington, March 20, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/7554CEAD-8265-4DFE-94D0-B597C3CFCE6D.jpg",
        "id": "29616_1",
        "answer": [
            "praised Iraqi government efforts"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_20_3774559",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_20_3774559_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the blonde person in the image fail to do?",
        "context": "Trump Set to Move on After Health Care Bill Debacle\nWHITE HOUSE \u2014\u00a0\nPresident Donald Trump is set to move on this week after suffering the worst defeat of his young presidency. With the words \u201crepeal and replace Obamacare\u201d still ringing in voters ears, Trump\u2019s loudest campaign promise crashed when the Republican majority in Congress proved incapable of taking the first legislative step to put an alternative plan in place.\n\u201cI\u2019m disappointed,\u201d the president said Friday after it became clear there were not enough Republican votes to move forward on a replacement bill. \u201cI\u2019m a little surprised, to be honest with you. We really had it. It was pretty much there within grasp.\u201d\nA motorcade drives along Pennsylvania Avenue as U.S. President Donald Trump goes for a dinner at Trump International Hotel in Washington, March 25, 2017.\nBy Sunday, however, Trump was venting his frustration on Twitter, blaming conservative Republican groups who had urged defeat of the bill. He tweeted, \u201cDemocrats are smiling in D.C. that the Freedom Caucus, with the help of Club For Growth and Heritage, have saved Planned Parenthood & Ocare!\u201d\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;Democrats are smiling in D.C. that the Freedom Caucus, with the help of Club For Growth and Heritage, have saved Planned Parenthood \\u0026amp;amp; Ocare!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/845974102619906048\\\"\\u0026gt;March 26, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nWhite House Chief of Staff Reince Priebus, on \"Fox News Sunday,\" attempted to quash prominent news reports that Trump was blaming him and House Speaker Paul Ryan for the defeat. \u201cI\u2019m not in any trouble,\u201d he said. \u201c This is the work of gossip hounds,\u201d he told host Chris Wallace.\nPriebus defended Ryan, saying, \u201cHe thought Paul Ryan worked really hard. He [Trump] thinks Paul Ryan is a great speaker of the House\u201d. Rep. Mark Meadows, head of the conservative Freedom Caucus faction of the Republican Party, told ABC\u2019s \"This Week program,\" \u201cThere are no conversations going on right now with regard to replacing\u201d Ryan.\nDysfunctional?\nNevertheless, Washington\u2019s journalists and myriad political observers were merciless, questioning whether the Republican party led by Trump and Ryan was capable of governing. New York Times columnist Nicholas Kristof\u2019s critique was titled \u201cTrump\u2019s Triumph of Incompetence.\u201d CNN anchor Dana Bash, opened her Sunday discussion program \u201cState of the Union,\u201d with a one-word summary. \u201cDysfunctional\u201d.\nPriebus suggested the president\u2019s legislative strategy going forward would be to work toward the center for support on health care. \u201cIt would be nice to get some Democrats on board, but at the end of the day I believe\u201d it\u2019s time for the [Republican] party to start governing.\u201d\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nRepublicans Try to Regroup after Health Care Debacle\nShare this video\n0:02:22\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:22\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 6.5MB\n360p | 9.6MB\n720p | 59.2MB\n1080p | 40.3MB\nAdministration officials signaled Sunday that Trump would focus this week on rolling back Obama era environmental regulations, including the Clean Power Plan. Environmental Protection Agency chief Scott Pruitt told \"This Week\" the president would sign an Energy Independence Executive Order as early as Tuesday.\" The EPA chief said the order is intended to \u201cmake sure that we have a pro-growth and pro-environment approach to how we do regulation in this country.\"\nTax reform\nAnother item high on Trump\u2019s agenda is tax reform. Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin told the news site Axios Friday that he has been overseeing the administration's tax reform bill for the past two months. He said the bill would include proposals to cut individual and corporate taxes. \"Our primary focus is a tax cut for the middle income [earners] and not at the top.\"\nFILE - US Treasury Secretary Steve Mnuchin (R) listens to US President Donald Trump speak during a 'strategic initiatives\"'lunch at the White House in Washington, Feb. 22, 2017\nMnuchin declined to say what corporate tax rate would be proposed, other than it will be \"a lot lower\" than the current rate of 35 percent. The former Wall Street banker and hedge fund manager said the president's tax plan would be introduced soon and hopes it will win congressional approval as early as August.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - President Trump reacts to the AHCA health care bill being pulled by Congressional Republicans before a vote as he appears with Secretary of Health and Human Services Tom Price (L) and Vice President Mike Pence (R) in the Oval Office of the White House in Washington, March 24, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/1E88C6B1-1B3F-4F0D-9EC2-C51463C291B5.jpg",
        "id": "24152_1",
        "answer": [
            "\u201crepeal and replace Obamacare\u201d"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Trump"
        ],
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    },
    {
        "question": "How will the man on the right help refugees",
        "context": "Kenya to Reopen Border With Somalia\nNAIROBI \u2014\u00a0\nThe Kenyan government says it will open the border with Somalia to boost trade and allow the flow of people between the two countries. Kenyan President Uhuru Kenyatta also pledged to help Somalia in the fight against al-Shabab militants and support and train government workers. His remarks followed a meeting he had in Nairobi with his Somali counterpart, Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed.\nAfter a closed door meeting that lasted more than three hours, the two heads of state addressed the media in a display of friendship.\nPresident Kenyatta discussed the border issue.\n\"We agreed to take the following actions within the shortest possible time, open two border posts, in Dobley-Liboi and Mandera-Bula Hawa, and to facilitate the movement of people, goods and services,\" he said.\nThe borders have remained closed for the last two-and-a-half decades since Somalia descended into conflict; however, people living along the borders and refugees have found a way to get into Kenya.\nKenya has also agreed to train 500 Somali men and women in different economic fields including teaching, nursing, and administration, to help in their country\u2019s rebuilding and recovery.\nDespite the optimism expressed by the two leaders, the threat of Somali militant group al-Shabab exists, and both countries have reaffirmed their commitment to defeating the organization.\nKenya has also had issues with Somali refugees living at the Dadaab refugee camp, in the northeast of the country.\nThe east African nation plans to close the refugee camp, the world's largest, by the end of May, but, in what some say might be a change of heart, Kenyatta says his government will build a training institute at the camp to educate high school graduates.\nFILE - Refugee and her baby at Hagadera transit camp in Kenya\u2019s Dadaab refugee camp, September 20, 2016. (Jill Craig/VOA)\nEducation\n\u201cKenya will establish a technical training institute for youths currently in the refugee camps as well as the environs of Dadaab and this I believe will greatly help in providing these young men and women the necessary skills they will require to develop and grow Somalia,\u201d said Kenyatta.\nThousands of Dadaab high school graduates can not join universities and training institutes in Kenya because they are confined to the camps.\nSomali President Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed says the latest economic collaboration will improve the security of the region.\n\u201cClose economic cooperation between Kenya and Somalia will not only help to improve the lives of our millions of people but will also enhance the security situation in East Africa. Therefore my government is ready to work very closely with your government in the realization of full economic cooperation between our two nations,\u201d he said.\nThe two eastern African countries also agreed to cooperate on security issues to confront the threat of al-Shabab in the region.\n",
        "caption": "Kenyan President Uhuru Kenyatta, right, speaks during a joint news conference with Somalia President Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed at State House in Nairobi, Kenya, March 23, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/4C02C1AF-410E-4FBA-A466-330A0BF051B1.jpg",
        "id": "5831_1",
        "answer": [
            "build a training institute at the camp to educate high school graduates"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Kenyatta "
        ],
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        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_23_3778939_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the goal of the people in the image?",
        "context": "Call for Martial Law Bares New Snags in Philippine Fight Against Terrorists\nTAIPEI \u2014\u00a0\nPhilippine President Rodrigo Duterte has stepped up a campaign over the past year to control Muslim violence in the country's south, but two of the top terrorist groups are suspected of joining forces with possible support from Islamic State.\nPresident Rodrigo Duterte asked Tuesday for martial law on the 21 million-person island of Mindanao, as well as outlying islets, shortly after militants from the Maute Group laid siege to the town of Marawi, leaving at least two soldiers and one policeman dead and several wounded.\nThe violence began when troops began searching for Isnilon Hapilon, a leader of the Abu Sayyaf militant group that has pledged allegiance to Islamic State. The insurgents burned down several buildings, including a church, and took a local Catholic priest and others hostage after forcing their way into a cathedral. Archbishop Socrates Villegas, president of the Catholic Bishops Conference of the Philippines, said the hostages included 10 worshippers and three church employees, and that the militants were demanding the government withdraw its forces from the area.\nAbu Sayyaf may have been planning violence to get attention from Islamic State of Iraq and Syria, or ISIS, said Antonio Contreras, political scientist at De La Salle University in the Philippine. Some of the militants encountered in Marawi Tuesday wore clothing identical to IS attire, Philippine media reports said.\n\u201cWe don\u2019t know yet whether they just want the attention so that ISIS can take notice and consider them as part of the whole network,\u201d Contreras said. They would need funds for weapons, he said.\nMindanao and nearby smaller islands in the mostly Catholic Southeast Asian archipelago\u2019s southwestern corner are home to the four-year-old Maute Group as well as Abu Sayyaf, which is known for kidnapping foreign tourists and beheading some.\nTwo other groups are pressing the government separately for talks on autonomy in parts of impoverished but resource-rich Mindanao, where fighting between Muslims and the government have left about 120,000 dead since the 1960s while hobbling any hopes of raising incomes through economic stimulus.\nA government troop gestures as he passes an armoured personnel carrier posted along a main highway of Pantar town, Lanao Del Norte, after residents start to evacuate their hometown of Marawi city, southern Philippines, May 24, 2017.\nAbu Sayyaf, regarded among Filipinos as a bandit group, has pledged sympathy to Islamic State as it recruits locals including officials to help it kidnap people in exchange for a cut of the ransom. The group, with about 400 core members, beheaded a German tourist in February and two Canadian tourists last year.\nDuterte\u2019s struggle to beat Abu Sayyaf by stepping up attacks since he took office in June would be frustrated by help from the Maute Group or IS, analysts say.\nEven without IS, government troops may struggle to figure out who\u2019s who among Muslim rebels based in the Philippines. The Maute Group was founded by former members of a bigger Muslim rebel group and it had clashed with troops near Marawi in February last year.\nIt\u2019s unclear whether the Maute Group and Abu Sayyaf co-mingle personnel or whether they\u2019re even the same group with two branches, Contreras said.\nMartial law would inflame the militants at least in the short term, analysts say.\n\u201cIt\u2019s definitely going to cause a little flare-up or probably a large flare-up between the militants on the ground and the government forces. And because there\u2019s people that are on the ground I think maybe in the long term, given the heavy handed nature of the Duterte Administration, there will be a lot of casualties,\u201d said Maxfield Brown, business intelligence associate at the consultancy Dezan Shira & Associates in Manila.\n\u201cOver the long term it could actually resolve the situation to some extent, not in necessarily a human resources-friendly away,\u201d Brown said.\nDuterte, former mayor of Mindanao\u2019s largest city, is pursuing talks with the Moro Islamic Liberation Front, a large Muslim rebel group that wants more autonomy following a peace deal reached with the government in 2014. The president also made a deal with the head of another Muslim front to waive prosecution in exchange for abandoning protection of Abu Sayyaf members, scholars in the Philippines believe.\nThe president\u2019s proposed 60-day martial law period, which must be approved by Congress, would in principle give the armed forces and national police more leverage in fighting any terrorist groups in the south.\nThe government gained confidence last month by foiling an Abu Sayyaf attack on the tourist island of Bohol.\nPeople in Mindanao are waiting to see whether martial law will help. \u201cThey say that the Maute has links to Islamic State,\u201d said Antonio Montalvan, a newspaper columnist based in the Mindanao city, Cagayan de Oro. \u201cSo be it, but why martial law for the entire Mindanao? It\u2019s the usual Duterte rush to judgment.\u201d\nDuterte believes martial law is \u201cnecessary\u201d to \u201csuppress lawless violence and rebellion and for public safety,\u201d the presidential office website says. Martial law would cover Sulu, Jolo and Tawi-Tawi \u2013 smaller islands west of Mindanao that the Muslim Moro population has called home for centuries.\n\u201cThe government is\u2026 fully aware that the Maute/ISIS and similar groups have the capability, though limited, to disturb the peace,\u201d the website says. \u201cThese have shown no hesitation in causing havoc, taking innocent lives and destroying property.\u201d\nChris Hannas in Washington contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "Philippine troops arrive at their barracks to reinforce fellow troops following the siege by Muslim militants, on the outskirts of Marawi city in the southern Philippines, May 24, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/DB5A0CA0-6BAD-41E9-B0D2-F7CAFA813B04.jpg",
        "id": "17355_1",
        "answer": [
            "Isnilon Hapilon",
            "None",
            "control Muslim violence in the country's south"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "troops",
            "Philippine troops"
        ],
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    },
    {
        "question": "Where was another structure like the one in the image been built?",
        "context": "Calls Grow for Upcoming Syria Talks to Focus on Detainee Conditions\nSTATE DEPARTMENT \u2014\u00a0\nWith the United States accusing Syrian President Bashar al-Assad's government of mass killings of prisoners and use of a crematorium to burn the bodies, human rights advocates said the negotiations in Geneva this week on the Syria crisis should make detainee conditions a priority.\nUnited Nations Special Envoy for Syria Staffan de Mistura has been meeting separately with Syrian government and opposition delegations this week during the latest round of talks, hoping to bridge gaps between the rival sides, while ensuring any outcome is consistent with previously adopted U.N. Security Council resolutions. \nDubbed as \u201cproximity talks\u201d in which government and opposition delegations are not expected to speak face to face, the latest gathering marks the third round in 2017. \nThis image provided by the State Department and DigitalGlobe, taken Jan. 15, 2015, a satellite image of what the State Department described as a building in a prison complex in Syria that was modified to support a crematorium.\nAllegations denied\nThe U.S. State Department said on Monday that as many as 50 prisoners a day are being killed at the Saydnaya prison, one of Syria's largest and most secure prison complexes. It alleged that the government of President Bashar al-Assad then uses a crematorium installed inside the Saydnaya facility to hide evidence of the mass killings.\nSyria's Foreign Ministry denied the U.S. allegation, calling it a \u201cHollywood story detached from reality.\u201d\nSyria's opposition has been pressing the detainee issue for some time but met with limited progress. Advocacy group Human Rights Watch said its research found the systematic and widespread treatment of detained civilians in prisons across Syria, including Saydnaya prison, amounts to crimes against humanity.\n.\n\u201cThe parties should agree on ensuring access by independent monitors to Syrian government detention centers and prisons,\u201d said Sarah Margon, Human Rights Watch's Washington director.\n\u201cUltimately, accountability for the treatment of detainees will need to be part of a comprehensive U.S. policy for Syria,\u201d Margon added.\nIn this photo released by the Syrian official news agency SANA, Syrian President Bashar Assad, right, meets with Iraq's National Security Adviser Faleh al-Fayadth, in Damascus, Syria, May. 18, 2017.\nImportant step for US\nThe rights group also said Washington's recent push on Moscow over the Syrian government's treatment of prisoners is an important step to bring more pressure to bear on Bashar al-Assad's daily atrocities.\n\u201cThe detainee file must be at the forefront of talks in Geneva,\u201d according to \u201cSave Our Syria,\u201d a coalition of Syrian civil society and humanitarian groups, adding, \"In order for the Syrian political process to be credible, it must deliver concrete progress on the detainee file \u2014 a chief concern for the hundreds of thousands of Syrian families that have been affected by Assad's mass detention.\u201d\nPast Geneva talks have produced the agreement that the warring sides will discuss agendas including a new constitution, reformed governance, new elections and the fight against terrorism, but progress has not yet been made. \n\u2019Slim at best\u2019\nSome analysts said the chances of progress at the new talks at Geneva are \u201cslim at best.\u201d\n\u201cDetainee issues will be a priority for the U.S. and for the U.N., but the Syrian government will simply deny everything. Progress on the issue is unlikely,\u201d Daniel Serwer, professor of conflict management at the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies told VOA.\nThis week's talks follow a deal by Russia, Turkey and Iran to arrange and monitor the so-called \u201cde-escalation zones\u201d in Syria to reduce the violent conflicts.\n\u201cThese new accusations from the State Department appear to be an attempt to pressure Russia even more strongly into exerting influence on Assad to play by the rules of law,\u201d Middle East Institute Senior Fellow Charles Lister told VOA.\n\"For now, the international community's energy would be better focused on talks aimed at de-escalating the conflict on the ground in order to generate conditions more amenable to a meaningful political process,\" he added.\nCompeting agendas\nIn Geneva, a spokesperson from the High Negotiations Committee, the main Syrian opposition group, said on Wednesday, \"We're here to try to save lives; but, the other party does not care about the lives of Syrians.\"\nRussia and the United States both regard the Islamic State militant group as an enemy and share limited information about terrorist threats. But the two nations have competing agendas in Syria, where Moscow has deployed military assets and personnel to support Assad.\nThe top U.S. diplomat for the Middle East, Acting Assistant Secretary Stuart Jones, urged Russia to \u201cexercise its influence over the Syrian regime to guarantee that horrific violations stop now\u201d with great urgency. \n",
        "caption": "This image provided by the State Department and DigitalGlobe, taken Jan. 15, 2015, a satellite image of what the State Department described as a building in a prison complex in Syria that was modified to support a crematorium.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/0F5E7897-4C25-415D-9C6A-3E64ECD450EA.jpg",
        "id": "23747_2",
        "answer": [
            "inside the Saydnaya facility "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "crematorium"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_18_3860465",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_18_3860465_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person with the blonde hair in the image say?",
        "context": "Trump, Stoltenberg: Chemical Attack in Syria 'Murderous,' 'Unacceptable'\nROME \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. President Donald Trump welcomed NATO support on its condemnation of Syria's use of chemical weapons on its own people last week.\nTrump and NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg spoke to reporters after meeting at the White House Wednesday.\nTrump called the attack, blamed on Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, a \"murderous attack, using the most horrible weapons,\" and said \"the barbaric killing of small and helpless children and babies must be forcefully rejected by any nation that values human life.\"\nStoltenberg said any use of chemical weapons is unacceptable and cannot go unanswered. He said whoever is responsible for the attack must be held accountable.\nEarlier, European officials blamed a lack of clarity about U.S. and British policy toward Syria for their opposition this week to the imposition of new punitive measures against Russian and Syrian military officials.\nGerman Foreign Minister Sigmar Gabriel (L), Britain's Foreign Secretary Boris Johnson (C), and U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson attend roundtable talks during a G-7 for foreign ministers in Lucca, Italy, April 11, 2017.\nThe officials said it remains unclear how the sanctions would change Moscow\u2019s backing of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad.\nBritish Foreign Secretary Boris Johnson, who\u2019s been leading the Anglo-American effort, took comfort after the G7 meeting of foreign ministers in the broad recognition secured at the gathering that there\u2019s no solution to the crisis in Syria while Assad remains in power.\nHe has emphasized targeted sanctions are still on the table, but moving forward with them will have to wait for a full investigation into the alleged April 4 Sarin Gas attack on the rebel-held town of Khan Sheikhoun.\nGroup photo during a G-7 for foreign ministers meeting in Lucca, Italy, April 11, 2017.\n\u201cBut European Union officials say unease about the legal basis for a renewed sanctions regime isn't the only worry of the Germans and the Italians in particular. \u201cThere were two problems at the G7 meeting,\u201d a senior European official told VOA. \u201cOne was with the lack of a clear step-by-step proposal for what happens after the imposition of sanctions, the vision of how to get rid of Assad and to persuade the Russians to withdraw their backing of the Syrian leader; and the second was with the salesmen for sanctions.\u201d\nSkepticism about Johnson \nThe Europeans view Johnson with deep skepticism. The colorful former journalist has established a reputation for inconsistency, a reputation that Britain\u2019s Financial Times acknowledged raises \u201cserious questions over his ability to play the world statesman.\u201d\nJohnson was pro-EU before becoming a leading campaigner for Britain to break with the European Union, a shift seen as part of a bid for leadership of the ruling Conservative Party.\nFILE - British Foreign Secretary Boris Johnson answers a question during a joint press conference with Greek Foreign Minister Nikos Kotzias (not pictured) following their meeting at the Foreign Ministry in Athens, Greece, April 6, 2017.\nHe has shifted from being a dove when it comes to Russia to a hawk: in 2015 when London mayor he advocated Britain shouldn\u2019t be afraid of \"dealing with the devil\" and aligning with Vladimir Putin and Bashar al-Assad against the Islamic State terror group, but the next year he was urging more sanctions on Moscow. At the start of this year he shifted yet again saying Assad should be allowed to run for re-election.\nEuropeans see the back-and-forth as a reflection of Britain\u2019s effort to secure a post-Brexit free trade deal with Washington. So do some British critics. \u201cBoris is finding out that a foreign policy based on following the USA quickly becomes contradictory when American policy goes on walkabout,\u201d tweeted Labor politician Stewart Wood.\nTim Farron, the leader of Britain\u2019s Liberal Democrats, has dubbed Johnson a \u201cpoodle of Washington.\u201d\nMixed signals \nMixed signals from Washington about Syria policy haven\u2019t reassured America\u2019s European allies, even those who have long favored a tougher approach to Assad. White House spokesman Sean Spicer, U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson and U.S. Ambassador to the UN Nikki Haley, have all cut across each other about the details of what U.S. policy is toward Syria, and European officials fear there\u2019s not an approach combining political and military solutions to the conflict.\nHaley has touted the possibility of regime change,\u201d while Tillerson has emphasized the defeat of IS is paramount.\nU.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Nikki Haley shows pictures of Syrian victims of chemical attacks as she addresses a meeting of the Security Council on Syria at U.N. headquarters, in New York, April 5, 2017.\nThe final communiqu\u00e9 Tuesday night after a two-day meeting of G7 foreign ministers in the Italian town of Lucca made no mention of the Anglo-American bid to isolate Putin and to impose sanctions on Russian and Syrian military figures.\nAnalysts are raising increasing doubts about next-steps and question whether Assad\u2019s foreign backers, Russia and Iran, are ready to ditch the Syrian leader. The battlefield favors Assad, as it has done for months, thanks to Russian airpower and Iranian-linked Shi'ite militias.\nThe U.S. Cruise missile strike in response to the Sarin Gas attack cheered rebels and pro-opposition analysts alike, but the follow-up has left them as skeptical as European leaders.\nThis Oct. 7, 2016, satellite image released by the U.S. Department of Defense shows Shayrat air base in Syria. The U.S. blasted a Syrian air base with a barrage of cruise missiles on April 7, 2017, in fiery retaliation for a gruesome chemical weapon attack.\n\u201cThe U.S. strikes in Syria have already had significant effects, but they still leave the questions of overall Syria strategy hanging,\u201d argued Paul Salem of the Washington-based Middle East Institute.\n\u201cOn the immediate side, the attacks provide a tangible deterrent to future use of banned chemical weapons,\" he added. \"They have also signaled to America\u2019s friends and foes that this administration is open to taking quick military action. But the reversal of the administration\u2019s own course on Syria, Bashar al-Assad was not seen as a central problem or priority days before the attack, and the inconsistent messaging from administration officials since the strikes have left an air of confusion as to Trump\u2019s future policy on Syria.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "President Donald Trump (R) shakes hands with NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg during a news conference in the East Room of the White House, April 12, 2017, in Washington. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/E16EBB16-AE9B-45B4-A647-82940170BC3E.jpg",
        "id": "2633_1",
        "answer": [
            "Chemical Attack in Syria 'Murderous,' 'Unacceptable'",
            "the barbaric killing of small and helpless children and babies must be forcefully rejected by any nation that values human life",
            "\"the barbaric killing of small and helpless children and babies must be forcefully rejected by any nation that values human life.\""
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Donald Trump",
            "Donald Trump ",
            "Trump"
        ],
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    },
    {
        "question": "What had been advised by  the man who is speaking ",
        "context": "Republicans Scramble to Salvage Health Care, Trump Agenda\nCAPITOL HILL \u2014\u00a0\nThe future of President Donald Trump's agenda hung in the balance Thursday as Republicans endured a tortured day of negotiations up and down Pennsylvania Avenue, fighting up to the last minute to negotiate passage of a long-promised health care bill.\nJust 61 days after Trump promised momentous political change as he was sworn in on the steps of the U.S. Capitol, House Republicans couldn't find agreement with each other on their signature campaign promise of repealing and replacing the Affordable Care Act, also known as Obamacare.\nRepublicans Scramble to Salvage Health Care Vote, Trump Agenda\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nRepublicans Scramble to Salvage Health Care Vote, Trump Agenda\nShare this video\n0:02:31\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:31\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 7.2MB\n360p | 11.2MB\n720p | 71.2MB\n1080p | 51.0MB\nTrump put his skills as a deal-maker on the line, but failed to win over the conservative House Freedom Caucus and even alienated some moderates afraid for their political futures. His and Speaker Paul Ryan's failure to secure enough votes backed the once-unified Republican Party into a politically tricky corner that could be hard to escape, even if the bill does pass.\nThe White House says the House of Representatives will vote Friday morning on overhauling Obamacare, as Republicans strive to find more yes votes.\nFILE - U.S. House Majority Leader Kevin McCarthy, left, U.S. House Speaker Paul Ryan, center, and U.S. Representative Greg Walden hold a news conference on the American Health Care Act on Capitol Hill in Washington, March 7, 2017.\n\"This is one of those moments where you have got to say who you are really deep inside of you \u2014 are you for President Trump and repealing and replacing Obamacare, or are you against President Trump and are you against repealing and replacing Obamacare? It's that simple,\" Representative Bradley Byrne, a Republican from Alabama, said as he emerged from a late-afternoon emergency strategy meeting in Ryan's office after the House Freedom Caucus rejected the latest deal.\n\"This is a tense moment for everybody, because we're driving down to the finish line \u2014 but I think there's a determination to get this done and get it done in the right way,\" Byrne told VOA.\nThis week's turmoil could decimate the political capital of the Republican leadership, ruining plans for tax reform and major infrastructure spending, and throwing a shadow over a looming budget battle that could shut down the government.\n\"An effective speaker, an effective leader of House Republicans, would have taken one look at this bill, understood it had no chance of passage and would have stopped the bill writing in its tracks and never let it see the light of day,\" John Hudak, a senior fellow in governance studies at the Brookings Institution, told VOA. \"Paul Ryan failed to do that, and he failed to do that at the expense of his own party, his own caucus and his own president.\"\nConservative opposition\nRyan scheduled the vote for the seventh anniversary of the signing of the Affordable Care Act, just weeks after introducing the legislation and before he could build consensus within his own party.\nHouse Freedom Caucus Chairman Rep. Mark Meadows, R-N.C. smiles as he speaks with the media on Capitol Hill in Washington, March 23, 2017.\n\"I think you see here a Congress who is going to come away from this vote very worried that their president \u2014 the president of their party \u2014 is incapable of helping them task big-ticket legislation,\" Hudak said.\nThe House Freedom Caucus \u2014 a politically conservative group of House members \u2014 kept the bill from the votes required for passage, arguing that Trump and Ryan's proposal violates limited government principles by keeping too many key provisions of former President Barack Obama's health care plan.\n\"We're certainly trying to get to yes, but, indeed, we've made very reasonable requests and we're hopeful that those reasonable requests will be listened to and ultimately agreed to,\" Freedom Caucus Chair Mark Meadows told reporters after a last-minute White House meeting to negotiate with Trump.\nTrump has repeatedly warned caucus members they could lose big in 2018 midterm elections if they fail to act in support of his bill.\n\"The president is correct \u2014 if Republicans fail to pass this bill, it will be a problem for them. The problem is, passing the bill creates a problem for them as well,\" Hudak said.\nBut the president's concessions to the caucus alienated more moderate Republicans who fear the changes could doom the bill's chances in the Senate, ruining their own opportunities for re-election. Suddenly, Trump and Ryan found themselves facing a battle on two fronts within their own party.\nDemocrats' strategy\nHouse Democrats smelled blood in the water \u2014 and a future political opportunity \u2014 as they stood to the side, watching the events unfold.\nMinority Leader Nancy Pelosi told reporters Trump made a \"rookie\" mistake by staking his reputation as a negotiator on a piece of legislation that was rushed to a vote without party consensus.\nFILE - House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi of Calif. speaks to reporters about Republican efforts to craft an \"Obamacare\" replacement bill, March 9, 2017, on Capitol Hill in Washington.\n\"If this bill were to fail today \u2014 rookie day \u2014 I stand ready to negotiate with them on how we can go forward in incorporating their ideas, saving face for them in some areas and doing right for the American people,\" Pelosi told reporters.\n\"The Democrats \u2014 for once \u2014 are playing this in a masterfully political way. They recognize that the only thing worse than Republicans failing to pass this bill, is for Republicans to pass this bill,\" said Hudak. \"For Democrats, it's a win-win.\"\nPelosi told reporters the situation ultimately will end up working in the Democrats' favor, no matter what the outcome.\n\"This is a bad day for them,\" she said, summing up a week of uncertainty.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - President Donald Trump speaks in the East Room of the White House in Washington, March 7, 2017, during a meeting with the Republican House whip team about the proposed health bill. ",
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            "they could lose big in 2018 midterm elections if they fail to act in support of his bil"
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        "bridge": [
            "Trump "
        ],
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    },
    {
        "question": "Where are the people that suffered in the image from?",
        "context": "Death Toll in Nigeria IDP Camp Bombing Climbs to 236\nABUJA \u2014\u00a0\nThe death toll from last week's bombing of civilian IDP camp in northeastern Nigeria has more than quadrupled from the originally reported 70 to 236 people. The Nigerian military says the bombing was an accident and is under investigation.\nA team of six senior officers of the Nigerian Air Force has arrived in the northeastern Borno state to begin investigating how a military jet could drop two bombs on a camp for displaced civilians.\nNigerian Air Force spokesman Ayodele Famuyiwa told VOA the investigators will submit their findings no later than February 2. It is not clear whether the findings will be made public.\nHuman Right Watch Nigeria senior researcher Mausi Segun says she had hoped for a broader panel of investigators that included civil society.\n\u201cIt should not be the Air Force alone, because indeed you cannot prosecute your own matter, should you? It goes against the principles of justice. And they\u2019re not the only party involved,\u201d Segun said.\nIn a surprising move, Nigeria's Air Force quickly confirmed the bombing and called it a mistake. Nigeria\u2019s military routinely resists accusations of alleged abuses against civilians.\nA Doctors Without Border (MSF) handout photo distributed Jan. 17, 2017, shows a wounded child after following the bombing by a Nigerian Air Force jet of a camp for those displaced by Boko Haram Islamists, in Rann, northeast Nigeria.\nThe bombing occurred a week ago in Rann, a small rural town where at least 20,000 people have sought refuge from Boko Haram. Teams from Doctors Without Borders were providing humanitarian assistance there when the bombing occurred.\n\u2018An emergency within an existing emergency\u2019\nDoctors Without Borders Switzerland Director General Bruno Jochum told VOA the bombing exacerbated the situation on the ground.\n\u201cThis attack has created an emergency within an existing emergency, and I think people have to understand it is a daily cycle of violence for populations caught between a movement like Boko Haram and a military counteroffensive,\u201d Jochum said.\nThe seven year Boko Haram conflict has killed at least 20,000 people and displaced more than two million in the Lake Chad Basin.\nInjured people are comforted at the site of a bombing attack of an internally displaced persons camp in Rann, Nigeria, Jan. 17, 2017.\nNine workers from the Nigerian Red Cross and the International Committee of the Red Cross were among the victims. Segun suggests this could be why the Air Force was so prompt in responding to the incident.\n\u201cIf it were just ordinary local civilians, we might not have gotten an apology, a claim of responsibility, and a promise to investigate from the Nigerian government, if it ever came at all. Whether it was an accident or not, the right to life has been breached and the right of refugees to protection and safety has been breached,\u201d Segun said.\nSatellite imagery indicates the IDP settlements were clearly visible from the air, raising further questions.\nNigerian president Muhammadu Buhari called the bombing a \u201cregrettable operational mistake.\u201d But his claim that the conflict is in its \u201cfinal stages\u201d has been called into question. Among those critical of the claim is counterterrorism analyst Yan St. Pierre, who has been following Nigeria\u2019s fight against Boko Haram for several years. \n\u201cIf the Air Force is still involved in so-called mopping up operations, which is in itself problematic, that says they still require a heavy hand. They still require a lot of backup to use the Air Force. That means this conflict is anything but over and the situation is actually worse than they presented,\u201d St. Pierre said.\nNigerian military officials declined to comment further until the investigation is finished.\n",
        "caption": "People return to the site after a bombing attack by a Nigerian military jet of an internally displaced persons camp in Rann, Nigeria Jan. 17, 2017. Officials say the bombing was an accident and is under investigation.",
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            "Nigeria ",
            "the Lake Chad Basin"
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            "People ",
            "displaced"
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    {
        "question": "What is the bald person in the image?",
        "context": "Lawmakers: Former Trump Security Adviser May Have Broken US Law \nCAPITOL HILL \u2014\u00a0\nPresident Donald Trump's former national security adviser appears to have violated federal law by not properly disclosing payments he received from foreign governments for public engagements, the heads of the House Oversight Committee told reporters Tuesday.\nThe rare show of bipartisan consensus on Capitol Hill came after the White House denied the committee's request for documents relating to retired Lieutenant General Michael Flynn's contact with foreign nationals.\n\"As a former military officer, you simply cannot take money from Russia, Turkey or anybody else \u2014 and it appears as if he did take that money,\" said House Oversight Committee Chairman Jason Chaffetz, a Utah Republican.\nHouse Oversight Committee Chairman Jason Chaffetz, right, a Utah Republican, and Rep. Elijah Cummings, a Maryland Democrat, speak about the failure of former national security adviser Michael Flynn to disclose payments for a 2015 speech in Moscow.\nThe White House responded Tuesday by saying it didn't know whether Flynn had broken the law in the course of making contact with and receiving payments from foreign governments. \nPress secretary Sean Spicer downplayed claims that the White House had denied the request, saying the committee had received all the documents it needed from other agencies.\n\"Right now, to ask the White House to produce documents that were not in the possession of the White House is ridiculous,\" Spicer told reporters.\nAfter an hourlong classified briefing, Chaffetz said he had seen no evidence Flynn complied with the law.\nRepresentative Elijah Cummings of Maryland, the committee's ranking Democrat, said Flynn's contacts were \"a major problem.\" He added that the matter would now most likely fall under the purview of the House Intelligence Committee. \"Somebody else will determine whether or not he's guilty,\" he told reporters after the news conference. \nThe lawmakers said Flynn would have needed permission to deliver a paid speech at a gala sponsored by the Russian-funded television station RT in 2015, where he sat at the same table with Russian President Vladimir Putin. Flynn received $45,000 for that appearance and more than $500,000 for lobbying on behalf of the Turkish government.\nCummings and Chaffetz said it appeared Flynn did not seek or receive the required permission and could be prosecuted for failing to do so.\n\"The statute's real clear. You have to seek and get permission,\" Chaffetz told reporters after the briefing. \"It's a pretty high bar. But it appears as if he didn't even try to do that and jump over that bar.\"\nCummings told reporters, \"I do believe we are in a struggle for the soul of our democracy, and that concerns me.\"\nFILE - Retired U.S. Army Lieutenant General Michael Flynn stands by the elevators as he arrives at Trump Tower in New York.\nInformation request rejected \nAccording to the lawmakers, the committee asked the White House for information about any efforts Flynn made to obtain permission for those payments, the former adviser's applications for security clearances and documentation of funds he may have received from foreign sources.\nThe White House referred the committee to the Department of Defense for information about Flynn's security clearances. Marc Short, Trump's director of legislative affairs, said the White House did not hold material predating Flynn's service as national security adviser.\nAsked whether Flynn had violated federal law, Spicer told reporters Tuesday, \"That would be a question for him. I don't know what he filled out,\" referring to Flynn's responses to questions on federal security documents.\nFlynn was forced to leave the White House after lying to Vice President Mike Pence about his conversations with Russian Ambassador to U.S. Sergey Kislyak during the period before Trump officially took office.\nSenate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, a New York Democrat, said the newest Flynn allegations were \"extremely troubling\" and called for an investigation into the matter.\nFILE - Then-Deputy Attorney General Sally Yates speaks during a news conference at the Justice Department in Washington, June 28, 2016.\nYates, Clapper to testify at hearing \nMeanwhile, the Senate Judiciary Committee announced Tuesday that former acting Attorney General Sally Yates and former Director of National Intelligence James Clapper would testify at a May 8 hearing on Russia's meddling in last year's U.S. presidential election.\nYates and Clapper are also expected to testify at a public House intelligence panel hearing sometime after May 2, the date FBI Director James Comey is scheduled to appear before the committee in a closed session.\nLast month, Comey acknowledged that his agency was investigating whether members of Trump's campaign had colluded with Russia to try to influence the election. U.S. intelligence agencies have concluded Moscow intervened to try to influence the election in Trump's favor.\nYates, who was dismissed by President Donald Trump in January after refusing to defend his travel ban, was scheduled to testify before the House panel weeks ago about phone calls between Flynn and Kislyak.\nFILE - House Intelligence Committee Chairman Rep. Devin Nunes, R-Calif., right, accompanied by the committee's ranking member, Rep. Adam Schiff, D-Calif., talks to reporters, on Capitol Hill in Washington.\nThat hearing, however, was postponed by House Intelligence Chairman Devin Nunes, a California Republican. Nunes recused himself from the investigation two weeks after telling reporters that classified reports showed Trump associates had been caught up in U.S. government surveillance of foreign officials during the presidential transition.\nNunes then hurried to the White House to brief Trump on the findings, prompting Democratic criticism that Nunes had become too close to the president to oversee an independent investigation.\n",
        "caption": "House Oversight Committee Chairman Jason Chaffetz, right, a Utah Republican, and Rep. Elijah Cummings, a Maryland Democrat, speak about the failure of former national security adviser Michael Flynn to disclose payments for a 2015 speech in Moscow.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/10BED58A-AB0E-4497-A513-9CDF8524411B.jpg",
        "id": "32479_2_1",
        "answer": [
            "the committee's ranking Democrat"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Elijah Cummings"
        ],
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        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_25_3824989_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person with raised hands in the image make?",
        "context": "Medvedev's Popularity Sinks Amid May Day Politics in Russia\nThe independent Russian television channel Dozhd (Rain) reported Friday that the central executive committee of the country's ruling party, United Russia, had distributed to its regional branches a list of 36 slogans that party activists should use during party activities next week marking the annual May Day holiday.\nWhile, according to Dozhd, the slogans include some praising the country's president (\"Putin is for the People, He is Leading Russia to Success!\") and others condemning corruption (\"Praise Honesty, Jail Bribe-takers!\"), none of them refers to the Russian prime minister, Dmitry Medvedev, who happens to be United Russia's formal head.\nKremlin critic Alexei Navalny, who was arrested during March 26 anti-corruption rally, gestures during an appeal hearing at a court in Moscow on March 30, 2017.\nThe likely reason for that omission is not hard to figure out: Medvedev has seen his popularity drop sharply since early March, when anti-corruption blogger and opposition leader Alexei Navalny published a video investigation into the prime minister's alleged wealth. It offered viewers shots of yachts, villas, and even a winery in a picturesque Italian village, all allegedly belonging to Medvedev.\nA survey released Thursday by the Levada Center, Russia's only independent national polling agency, found that Medvedev's \"trust\" rating had fallen to a record low since Navalny's video was posted and viewed more than 20 million times.\nBloomberg News, citing two Medvedev \"allies,\" reported this week that he \"is more worried than ever about his political future.\"\nThe news agency quoted President Vladimir Putin's spokesman, Dmitry Peskov, as brushing aside the drop in Medvedev's approval, saying \"ratings go up and down, that's a normal process.\"\nStill, Peskov declined to say whether the prime minister still \"enjoys Putin's full trust,\" Bloomberg reported.\nThe prime minister has become a lightning rod for Russian anger over official malfeasance. On March 26, an estimated 60,000 people answered Navalny's call and took to the streets in more than 80 Russian cities to protest corruption. Many protesters mocked Medvedev's taste for expensive athletic shoes by hanging sneakers on street lamps.\nMedvedev finally responded to Navalny's video in early April. He claimed, among other things, that the allegations of corruption cited in the video were based on \"nonsense\" about \"acquaintances and people that I have never even heard of.\" He also obliquely referred to Navalny as \"a political opportunist\" who is trying to seize power.\nMeanwhile, another Levada poll published this week found that 45 percent of respondents would like to see Medvedev dismissed as prime minister, up sharply from the 33 percent who felt that way last November.\nMedvedev's press secretary, Natalya Timakova, a former Kremlin pool reporter, called the Levada poll a \"political hit job.\"\n",
        "caption": "Kremlin critic Alexei Navalny, who was arrested during March 26 anti-corruption rally, gestures during an appeal hearing at a court in Moscow on March 30, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/CD6FAE5B-0C16-46E8-BCC6-2B4B4817A735.jpg",
        "id": "17016_2",
        "answer": [
            "a video investigation",
            "None",
            "a video investigation into the prime minister's alleged wealth"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Alexei Navalny"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_28_3830317",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_28_3830317_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the blonde person in the image get?",
        "context": "Trump, Saudi King Sign Defense Deals Worth Hundreds of Billions of Dollars\nRIYADH, SAUDI ARABIA \u2014\u00a0\nSaudi Arabian King Salman bin Abdulaziz and U.S. President Donald Trump signed a nearly $110 billion agreement Saturday to bolster the military capabilities of Saudi Arabia.\nThe defense deal, effective immediately, was one of a series agreements the two countries signed to enhance their military and economic partnerships, including a second defense pact with options valued at up to $350 billion over the next 10 years.\n\"It was a tremendous day,\" Trump said while meeting with Saudi Crown Prince Muhammad bin Nayef at a Riyadh hotel. \"Jobs, jobs, jobs,\" the president said in a reference to the potential job creation opportunities the agreements provide.\nThe White House said in a statement earlier that the defense deals would create new opportunities for U.S. companies in the Middle East and support \"tens of thousands\" of new jobs in the U.S. defense industry.\n\nThe White House statement also said the deals would help the countries more effectively address common threats.\n\"This package of defense equipment and services supports the long-term security of Saudi Arabia and the Gulf region in the face of Iranian threats, while also bolstering the kingdom's ability to contribute to counterterrorism operations across the region, reducing the burden on the U.S. military to conduct those operations,\" the statement said.\nIncluded in the defense agreements is a $6 billion pledge to assemble 150 Lockheed Martin Black Hawk helicopters in Saudi Arabia, which is expected to result in the creation of 450 jobs in Saudi Arabia.\nThe military package also includes combat ships, tanks, missile defense systems and cybersecurity technology.\nAdditionally, American conglomerate General Electric said Saturday that it had signed $15 billion in agreements with Saudi organizations. Saudi Aramco said it expected to sign $50 million in deals with U.S. companies in an attempt to diversify the kingdom's economy beyond oil exports.\nSaudi King Salman presents President Donald Trump with The Collar of Abdulaziz Al Saud Medal at the Royal Court Palace, Saturday, May 20, 2017, in Riyadh.\nEarlier Saturday, King Salman presented Trump with the kingdom's highest civilian honor during a meeting at the Royal Court in the Saudi capital, Riyadh. The two leaders also signed a vision statement vowing to work closely to combat terrorism as Trump's wife, Melania, daughter Ivanka, Secretary of State Rex Tillerson, Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross, White House Chief of Staff Reince Priebus, chief strategist Steve Bannon and Trump adviser and son-in-law Jared Kushner looked on.\nAfter Trump and others entered the court to the music of bagpipes, King Salman decorated him with the gold King Abdulaziz al-Saud Medal.\nSaudi men, dressed in traditional garb and holding long swords aloft, perform a traditional war victory dance of the Nadj region. President Donald Trump and first lady Melania Trump walked past them into a small museum on the grounds of Murabba Palace in Riyadh, May 20, 2017. (Pool photo)\nTrump arrived in Riyadh on Saturday to begin his first foreign trip as president.\nKing Salman greeted the president and his wife at the airport. They walked along a red carpet into the Royal Hall, a terminal at the airport, where they talked briefly. Minutes later, the Trumps and the Saudi king left the airport in a motorcade, heading to the city along a route with deserted streets. \n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-partner=\\\"tweetdeck\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p lang=\\\"en\\\" dir=\\\"ltr\\\"\\u0026gt;King Salman also rode to the hotel with \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/POTUS\\\"\\u0026gt;@POTUS\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;, following their sitting for arrival photos at the airport. \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://t.co/0orx7pA5Yo\\\"\\u0026gt;pic.twitter.com/0orx7pA5Yo\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Steve Herman (@W7VOA) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/W7VOA/status/865844823458279428\\\"\\u0026gt;May 20, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nUnprecedented destination\nHeavy security was evident at the airport, including military vehicles with weapons.\nSaudi Arabia is an unprecedented destination for an initial overseas visit by a U.S. president.\nIt is all the more surprising in the wake of Trump's \u201cAmerica First\u201d focus and campaign statements calling for a \u201cMuslim ban\u201d backed by subsequent orders attempting to limit travel to the U.S. from several Muslim-majority countries.\nSaudi Arabia, which has deep, long-standing energy and defense ties to the United States, was not named in the travel bans.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-partner=\\\"tweetdeck\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p lang=\\\"en\\\" dir=\\\"ltr\\\"\\u0026gt;Great to be in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Looking forward to the afternoon and evening ahead. \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/POTUSAbroad?src=hash\\\"\\u0026gt;#POTUSAbroad\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt; \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://t.co/JJOra0KfyR\\\"\\u0026gt;pic.twitter.com/JJOra0KfyR\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/865865814099939328\\\"\\u0026gt;May 20, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nTrump spent much of the first day of his trip meeting with King Salman and other members of the royal family before an evening banquet. On Sunday, he will meet with dozens of Arab and Muslim leaders for a regional summit focusing on combating extremism.\nIndonesian President Joko Widodo confirmed Friday that he would attend the meeting. An Indonesian government spokesman said, \"We see this as an important meeting because it is the first time a meeting between the new American government and Islamic countries is addressing issues that are of concern to us all, especially regarding the fight against radicalism and terrorism.\"\nTrip's focus\nTrump, confronted by growing political scandals at home, intends to use the visit to portray his administration as a global leader by helping birth an alliance with like-minded Muslim leaders to combat \u201cradical Islamic terrorism\u201d (Trump\u2019s phrase and one the Saudis do not want to use).\n\u201cIt lays to rest the notion that America is anti-Muslim,\u201d Saudi Foreign Minister Adel al-Jubair told reporters this month.\nPresident Donald Trump and first lady Melania Trump are greeted by King Salman shortly after arriving at the Royal Terminal of King Khalid International Airport, May 20, 2017, in Riyadh.\n\u201cIt\u2019s very important that the president is reaching out to Muslim-majority countries in the world, and trying to identify who our friends are and work with them to beat our common enemies,\u201d Democratic U.S. Representative Thomas Suozzi of New York, a member of the House Foreign Affairs subcommittee on the Middle East, told VOA. \u201cWe have to recognize that most of the Muslims in the world are peace-loving people, who have strong faith and want to have a harmonious world we need to embrace.\u201d\nA shared vision with the Gulf Cooperation Council and Organization of Islamic Cooperation to enhance the battle against the Islamic State group and al-Qaida could be interpreted as putting Trump squarely on one side of the Sunni-Shi'ite ideological schism in the Muslim world.\nThe Saudis are Sunnis (Islam\u2019s majority), while Iran is dominated by Shi'ites.\nU.S. President Donald Trump's and Saudi Arabia's King's Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud's photos are seen with flags of both countries on airport road as part of celebrations to welcome United States President Donald Trump, in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 19, 2\nConflicts in region\nSaudi Arabia and Iran support rival proxy forces in conflicts throughout the region, including in the two significant civil wars in Yemen and in Syria, where the embattled forces of President Bashar al-Assad are backed by Tehran and Moscow.\n\u201cGoing to Riyadh is a big symbolic gesture to Iran,\u201d Mike Pregent, a Hudson Institute adjunct fellow, told VOA.\nThe Middle East analyst added that the attempt to forge new alliances among anti-Iran regional powers is occurring because \u201cthe biggest threat they see after ISIS [Islamic State] is Iran \u2014 and ISIS never goes away because of Iran.\u201d\nWhile administration officials say Trump is a strong believer in human rights, they acknowledge this will not be a significant topic of discussion here.\nThat angers some.\n\u201cIf countering violent extremism is a priority for this administration and it wants to defang this ideology, then Saudi Arabia is a very odd partner for that project,\u201d Sarah Leah Watson, Human Rights Watch Middle East executive director, told VOA. \u201cThe Saudi government and its policies are among the biggest sources of violent extremism.\u201d\nTo demonstrate their earnestness for an even closer alliance with Washington, the Saudis are hosting a social media forum where Trump is to deliver a speech Sunday to the Muslim world.\nIn addition, the Saudis are organizing a counterterrorism conference, opening a center to \u201cfight radical thought.\u201d\nVOA Russian service reporter Natasha Mozgovaya contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "Saudi Arabia's King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud (right) and U.S. President Donald Trump sign a joint security agreement at the Royal Court in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 20, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/9DC8D5B4-E36D-4CCA-9201-311057CA035A.jpg",
        "id": "29332_1",
        "answer": [
            "the kingdom's highest civilian honor "
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        "bridge": [
            "Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_19_3862443",
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    },
    {
        "question": "How did the blonde person in the image communicate?",
        "context": "Trump Touts Executive Orders, Preparation for Health Care Repeal After First Week\nPresident Donald Trump has issued his first weekly address to the American people since taking office a week ago.\nIn a 2\u00bd-minute video issued Saturday on YouTube, Trump listed his administration's accomplishments after a week in office, saying, \"This administration has hit the ground running at a record pace. Everybody's talking about it. We're doing it with speed and we're doing it with intelligence, and we will never, ever stop fighting on behalf of the American people.\"\nTrump noted that among his administration's accomplishments over the past week, he had issued an order \"to prepare for repealing and replacing Obamacare,\" the broad health care reform package implemented by the previous administration. \"It's about time,\" Trump added.\nTrump also noted the withdrawal from the Trans-Pacific Partnership, a trade agreement involving a number of East Asian nations as well as Chile, Peru, Canada, and Mexico. \"That would have been a disastrous deal for our workers,\" Trump said. He said withdrawing meant the United States could negotiate \"one-on-one deals that protect American workers.\"\nTrump also said he issued an order to begin construction of the Keystone and Dakota Access pipelines following a renegotiation of terms, with the requirement that pipelines installed in America be built with American steel and manufactured in the country.\nHe noted that he issued a directive to expedite permits for new infrastructure and new manufacturing plants.\nBorder wall\nTrump also highlighted his directive to \"immediately begin the border wall\" on the southern U.S. border with Mexico, where hundreds of kilometers of barrier already exist from previous governmental activity, and \"to crack down on sanctuary cities,\" where undocumented immigrants are not prosecuted for violations of federal immigration law. \"They are not safe,\" said Trump, referring to the sanctuary cities. \"We have to take care of that horrible situation.\"\nU.S. presidents have been issuing a regular weekly radio address since the administration of Ronald Reagan in 1982. Reagan picked up the practice from President Franklin D. Roosevelt, who served from 1933 to 1945 and was known for his \"fireside chats,\" a canny use of popular media to deliver his message.\nWhile the White House issues the weekly address (now on internet video and podcast as well as radio), the speaker is not always the president himself. Topics are usually centered on current events, including cultural and annual events significant to Americans.\nThe opposition party usually delivers an address as well. It is sometimes, but not always, a direct response.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Vice President Mike Pence, left, and White House Chief of Staff Reince Priebus watch in the Oval Office as President Donald Trump shows off an executive order to withdraw the U.S. from the Trans-Pacific Partnership trade pact, Jan. 23, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B0375881-3F97-4D16-ACE7-902B1750F396.jpg",
        "id": "29642_1",
        "answer": [
            "on YouTube"
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        "bridge": [
            "Trump"
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    },
    {
        "question": "What did the people moving in the image begin?",
        "context": "US-backed Iraqi Forces Push Deeper Into Western Half of Mosul\nIraqi military officials say U.S.-backed forces pushed deeper into the western half of Mosul after launching several attacks to recapture Islamic State's last main stronghold in the city.\nThe advances come one day after counter-terrorism troops regained control of the airport in Mosul that had been controlled by the extremist Islamic State group since 2014.\nThe troops took full control Friday of the Ghozlani army base, and have entered the Mosul neighborhood of al-Mamoum for the first time in months.\nThe Iraqi takeover of the airport gives its troops access to Mosul from the southwest and for the first time control of an area along the west bank of the Tigris River.\nIS insurgents were pushed out of eastern Mosul in January but the militant group still controls the western section of the city, which is divided by the river.\nIraqi forces launched a new bid to retake the western areas of Iraq's second-largest city on Sunday after saying in late January they had liberated eastern parts of the city.\nAirport takeover \nIraqi Lieutenant General Raid Shakir Jaudat said Baghdad's forces, backed by drones and heavy artillery, advanced on the airport from several positions. At first, accounts of the airport takeover said there was little Islamic State resistance, but later there were reports of Iraqi firefights with militants encamped in airport buildings.\nOne Iraqi special forces officer reported Islamic State fighters targeted Baghdad's fighters with a suicide car bomb and dozens of bombs dropped from drones. The officer said there were at least a dozen casualties, although many were light injuries.\n\"Daesh (Islamic State) resistance is not inconsiderable, but they are trying to save their strength for inside the city,\" First Lieutenant Ahmed al-Ghalabi of the Rapid Response force said outside the airport's main entrance.\nAnother commander, Hisham Abdul Kadhem, said, \"Right now, thank God, we're inside Mosul airport and in front of its terminal. Our troops are liberating it.\"\nLittle was left inside the airport, and what was once a runway was littered with dirt and debris. Other buildings in the airport complex had been leveled by Islamic State forces.\nThe Iraqi forces also seized an Islamic State weapons storage warehouse, as well its one-time headquarters and barracks.\nBut the advance to retake the remainder of western Mosul may take some time. It took three months for Iraqi forces to seize control of the eastern part of the city.\nDisplaced Iraqis flee their homes due to fighting between Iraqi special forces and Islamic State militants, on the western side of Mosul, Iraq, Feb. 2017.\nCivilian safety \nInternational relations professor Houchang Hassan-Yari of the Royal Military College of Canada told VOA's Persian service the concentration of civilians in western Mosul will make it harder for Iraqi government forces and their coalition allies to retake that part of the city.\n\"Comparing this situation to the recent battle for the Syrian city of Aleppo, Syrian government forces and their Russian allies directly attacked civilians (as they retook the city last November and December),\u201d said Hassan-Yari on VOA Persian\u2019s NewsHour program. \u201cIn Mosul, Iraqi government forces and their U.S.-led coalition partners have significantly restricted themselves in terms of the firepower they are using, in order to save the lives of civilians.\u201d\nDamascus and Moscow have denied targeting civilians in Aleppo.\nWATCH: Mosul Residents Flee as US-backed Offensive Widens\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nMosul Residents Flee as US-backed Offensive Widens\nShare this video\n0:00:41\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:41\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 1.8MB\n360p | 2.9MB\n720p | 17.6MB\nU.S. forces have played a key role in the advance of Baghdad's troops, launching airstrikes and providing advisers on the ground. On Thursday, U.S. forces were seen in the front lines of the attack.\nThe American forces are not supposed to be engaged in the fighting under Washington's terms of the U.S. involvement in Iraq. But a coalition spokesman, Air Force Colonel John Dorrian, said Wednesday that in recent weeks they have gotten so close to the front that they have come under attack near Mosul and returned fire.\nThousands of Iraqi forces have been involved in the advance on Mosul, while U.S. officials say they believe that only about 2,000 jihadists remain in the city. But the fight for control of densely populated western Mosul is likely to be fierce. It includes the Old City and its narrow streets, which are impassable for some military vehicles.\nResidents of western Mosul report that food supplies are dwindling, but residents on the liberated eastern side of the city are expressing their support.\nOn Wednesday, an army plane dropped thousands of letters from residents of the retaken eastern side into the western area.\nOne letter said, \"Be patient and help each other... the end of injustice is near.\" It was signed \"People from the east side.\"\nIraqi Federal policemen celebrate while standing between the liberated airport and sugar plant in western Mosul, Iraq, Feb. 24. 2017.\nMattis' surprise visit \nEarlier this week, U.S. Defense Secretary Jim Mattis visited Iraq and vowed that the U.S. will support Iraq in its fight against Islamic State jihadists.\nWhen asked if the United States would stay in Iraq after the battle for Mosul had ended, he said, \"I imagine we'll be in this fight for a while and we'll stand by each other.\"\nThere are an estimated 750,000 civilians in western Mosul, essentially under siege by Iraqi forces, along with IS fighters.\nMany of those civilians in western Mosul were forced out of the eastern part of the city during heavy fighting there last month.\nMeanwhile, aid agencies are worried and preparing for the possibility that up to 250,000 people might flee Mosul in the coming days or weeks.\nThe U.N. refugee agency has said it is focusing its efforts on building new camps to house the displaced. The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees has completed eight camps and says it is planning to start work at another site south of Mosul.\nParisa Farhadi, Babak Azma and Sara Dehghan of the VOA Persian service contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "Iraqi special forces advance in western Mosul, Iraq, Feb. 24, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/0BDDFDF2-FCAD-4C9C-A4F0-D60B4C7BB438.jpg",
        "id": "25066_1",
        "answer": [
            "a new bid to retake the western areas of Iraq's second-largest city"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "forces"
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    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person with the plain whit shirt in the image?",
        "context": "Heroes or Agitators? Young Lawmakers on Venezuela's Front Line\nCARACAS \u2014\u00a0\nOne was knocked off his feet by a water cannon. Another was pushed into a drain. Most have been pepper-sprayed, tear-gassed, beaten and hit by pellet shots.\nA group of young Venezuelan lawmakers has risen to prominence on the violent front line of anti-government marches that have shaken the South American country for three months, bringing 75 deaths.\nOn the streets daily leading demonstrators, pushing at security barricades and sometimes picking up teargas canisters to hurl back at police and soldiers, the energetic National Assembly members are heroes to many opposition supporters.\nBut to President Nicolas Maduro's socialist government, they are the chief \"terrorists\" in a U.S.-backed coup plot aimed at controlling the vast oil wealth of the OPEC nation.\nThe dozen or so legislators, all in their late 20s or early 30s, belong mainly to the Justice First and Popular Will parties, which are promoting civil disobedience against a president they term a dictator.\nThey march largely without protective gear \u2014 unlike the masked and shield-bearing youths around them \u2014 though supporters and aides sometimes form circles to guard them.\nThey do not receive salaries since funds to the National Assembly were squeezed, living instead off gifts from relatives and friends. And some still reside at home with parents.\nOne of the best known, Juan Requesens, 28, has taken more hits than most. He nurses a scar in the head from a stick thrown by government supporters, wounds around his body from pellets and gas canisters and bruises from being shoved into a deep drain by National Guard soldiers.\n\"The worst thing for me is when comrades die, when they fall at my side,\" the burly, bearded Requesens told Reuters, saying he had been near nine fatalities since April.\nFILE - Juan Requesens, deputy of the Venezuelan coalition of opposition parties (MUD), is helped after being injured in clashes with pro-government supporters outside the offices of the Venezuela's ombudsman in Caracas, Venezuela, April 3, 2017.\nProtesters have been demanding a presidential vote and solutions to hunger and medical shortages. The deaths have included not only demonstrators, but also Maduro supporters, bystanders and members of the security forces.\nThere have been thousands of injuries too, and nearly 1,500 people remain behind bars, according to local rights groups, after roundups around the country.\nRequesens, who represents western Tachira State where there is radical opposition to Maduro, freely admits his role as an \"agitator\" for the opposition. But despite his tough image, he obeyed his mother's order to stay at home after the head injury.\n\"For four days, she wouldn't let me go out \u2014 but it was fine because I rested and recovered quicker, then back again of course,\" he said.\nSome have dubbed the band of lawmakers \"the class of 2007\" for their roots in a student movement a decade ago that helped the opposition to a rare victory against Maduro's popular predecessor Hugo Chavez in a referendum.\n\"It's a group born in the street during the 2007 protests. We're meeting up again 10 years later doing the same,\" said Harvard-educated Juan Mejia, 31.\n'Existential struggle'\nMejia, lawmaker for Miranda State, which includes part of the capital Caracas, has lost one friend in a protest and another in an accident on the way to a march.\n\"For us, this is an existential struggle,\" he added, saying his generation grew up under socialist rule and was fed up with economic hardship, crime and political repression.\n\"I'm 31 and I'd like to live off my work, but I can't ... I don't want to depend on my parents all my life,\" he added in a hotel where opposition politicians were strategizing during a brief lull in their daily street activities.\nFILE - Lawmakers from the Venezuelan coalition of opposition parties Juan Andres Mejia, left, First Vice-President of the National Assembly Freddy Guevara, center, and Miguel Pizarro attend an event in honor of 17-year-old protester Neomar Lander, who died during clashes with security forces in Caracas, Venezuela, June 8, 2017.\nOfficials accuse the lawmakers of paying youths and even children as young as 12 to attack security forces, block roads and burn property. They have threatened to jail them.\nState airlines refuse to sell them tickets, and private carriers are under pressure to do the same, meaning they cannot fly around the country, the lawmakers say. Some have also had passports confiscated or annulled, blocking foreign travel.\nIn a typical recent speech, Maduro blasted Freddy Guevara, a 31-year-old lawmaker who leads the Popular Will party in the absence of its jailed leader Leopoldo Lopez, as \"Chucky\" in reference to a murderous doll in a horror film.\nHe also singled out Miguel Pizarro, 29, a drum-playing lawmaker with the Justice First party who recently wept at a news conference minutes after a 17-year-old was shot dead close to him during a protest in Caracas.\n\"He puts on that dumb face and behind it, he's ordering them to kill and burn,\" Maduro said. \"Pizarro, you're listening to me; you'll carry this with you all your life.\"\nThe lawmakers scoff at that, saying they now carry the nation's dreams for change while an ever-more desperate Maduro is clinging to power against the majority's will.\nTheir mantra is peaceful protest, and indeed when marches have not been blocked \u2014 such as to a state TV office and the Catholic Church headquarters \u2014 there has been no trouble.\nBut some admit to tossing back gas canisters or throwing the odd stone, and there has been criticism the legislators have not done enough to restrain violence within opposition ranks, from burning property to lynching someone.\nJose Manuel Olivares, a 31-year-old lawmaker for coastal Vargas State, is a doctor and says his profession makes it all the more important to avoid violence. He recently required 12 stitches after being hit in the head by a tear gas canister, and has often given first aid during clashes in the streets.\nYet he defends protesters' rights to \"self-defense\" and admits to wearing gloves to pick up gas canisters.\n\"If I'm surrounded by old people, adults or even my family, and tear gas falls nears us, it's legitimate defense to throw it back. Stones? Yes. But stones against bullets ... The battle is disproportional,\" he said.\n\"I'm not saying we're martyrs ... but we're trying to give the best example we can, fighting for the country, saying 'Here I am, taking risks just like you and you.'\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Deputies of the opposition parties Carlos Paparoni, left, Jose Manuel Olivares, center, and Juan Mejia shout slogans during a march to state ombudsman's office in Caracas, Venezuela, May 29, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/E39A6E56-DAD0-430A-BA97-20E67A6C6CB5.jpg",
        "id": "8583_1",
        "answer": [
            "doctor",
            "a doctor"
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        "bridge": [
            "Jose Manuel Olivares"
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        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_26_3916920",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_26_3916920_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What has the person with the orange tie in the image promised to do?",
        "context": "Race for Democratic National Committee Chair\nATLANTA \u2014\u00a0\nNational Democrats will elect a new chair whose task is to steady a reeling party and capitalize on the widespread opposition to Republican President Donald Trump.\nLeading contenders in the Saturday vote are former Labor Secretary Tom Perez and Minnesota Rep. Keith Ellison. Mayor Pete Buttigieg of South Bend, Indiana, is a longshot hoping he can rise to the top if neither of the two front-runners can capture majority support from the Democratic National Committee.\nHere's an explanation of why an election among party insiders has drawn so much attention.\nWhat does the party chairman do?\nThe chair is the Democratic National Committee's top executive. Outgoing Chairwoman Donna Brazile says her successor \"must be fearless ... must have courage,\" but there's no absolute job description.\nThe post is part cheerleader, part fundraiser, part organizer and recruiter, part public messenger. It's a much more visible role when a party no longer occupies the White House, since the president is de facto leader of his own party. Presidents also name their own party chairs, with the national committee operating essentially as a political arm of the Oval Office. The losing party's chair, though, is elected by its national committee members.\nEllison, Perez and Buttigieg have all committed to oppose the Trump administration with gusto, but concentrate on nuts-and-bolts rebuilding of party infrastructure that helps win elections.\nThe new chair won't be an undisputed \"leader of the party.\" Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer of New York and House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi of California will remain the highest ranking Democrats in Washington, but the DNC chair will play a major role in framing the party's arguments and identity, while charting a strategy to turn those into votes in upcoming elections.\nWhy does it matter so much this time?\nNeither major party has had such a competitive chair election in recent history, but there's a reason for Democrats' existential lurching: They have as little actual political power around the country as they've had in 90 years. That means virtually no American voter has ever seen Democrats so removed from controlling the nation's policies.\nRepublicans run both houses of Congress, sit in 33 governor's chairs, control 32 state legislatures and, if Neil Gorsuch is confirmed by the Senate, will enjoy a conservative Supreme Court majority. The GOP has absolute control -- the governor and legislature -- in 24 states. For Democrats, that number is seven, with none between the West Coast and the Northeast.\nThe chair also comes to the job after an election marred by Russian hackers stealing the DNC's internal communications.\nNew Hampshire Chairman Ray Buckley puts it plainly: \"Our party has a long way to go.\"\nWho actually votes?\nLeading contenders have spent hundreds of thousands of dollars traveling and wooing the 442 eligible voters who make up the Democratic National Committee (a handful of the 447 DNC seats are vacant).\nWinning requires a majority of those voting Saturday, with as many rounds as it takes to identify the winner. Perez's campaign insists he's nearing that threshold, though Ellison disputes that notion. Buttigieg acknowledges that his strategy is to hope neither Perez nor Ellison can reach a majority after several ballots, leading DNC members to turn to him as an alternative.\nIs this Clinton vs. Sanders II?\nThere are undertones of the 2016 presidential primary, but Ellison, Perez and their backers say framing the race that way is wrong.\nAn unapologetic liberal, Ellison has highlighted his endorsement from Vermont Sen. Bernie Sanders, the independent whose strong grass-roots support nearly upended the Democratic primary.\nPerez got in the race at the urging of then-President Barack Obama and Hillary Clinton allies, and he has the endorsement of former Vice President Joe Biden. That makes him the perceived establishment candidate at a time many rank-and-file Democrats want a house-cleaning at the party's top echelon.\nBut Texas Democratic Chairman Gilberto Hinojosa explains, \"I come from the left, left, left wing of the Democratic Party, and I fully support Tom Perez.\"\nNoting Perez's career work for organized labor and as a civil rights attorney, Hinojosa adds, \"Tom is absolutely a progressive.\"\nWisconsin Chairwoman Martha Laning says her delegation includes \"many strong Hillary Clinton supporters backing Keith Ellison.\" Laning backs Ellison not because he is a \"progressive champion\" but because of his plans for rebuilding state and local parties.\nIt's also worth noting that Ellison has an endorsement from Schumer, the Senate leader who's not exactly a hero in liberal Democratic circles.\n\"This isn't about Hillary Clinton or Bernie Sanders,\" said Laning. \"You have to look at whether somebody is going to be more about just supporting the (presidential) nominee or truly about a 50-state strategy.\"\nBrazile, meanwhile, scoffed at the idea of a 2016 redux. \"I was for her. I was for him,\" she quipped. \"Hell, no! We are for them, the people of America!\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Former Secretary of Labor Tom Perez, center, speaks to Jaime Harrison, left, chair of the South Carolina Democratic Party and Jehmu Greene of Texas during a Democratic National Committee forum where candidates for Democratic National Committee chai",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/6540C1AD-C9E5-4AE2-92B8-D1F4498F3908.jpg",
        "id": "2177_1",
        "answer": [
            "oppose the Trump administration with gusto",
            "oppose the Trump administration with gusto, but concentrate on nuts-and-bolts rebuilding of party infrastructure that helps win elections"
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        "bridge": [
            "Perez",
            "Tom Perez"
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    },
    {
        "question": "What has been the impact on financial reform by the group in the second photo",
        "context": "Indonesian Tax Amnesty Makes Final Push for Overseas Assets\nJAKARTA \u2014\u00a0\nIndonesia has the world\u2019s fourth-largest population at almost 260 million, but only 10 percent are registered as taxpayers and only about one million actually submit a tax return. That\u2019s a major reason for the country\u2019s huge and growing deficit, which has stalled the present administration\u2019s ambitious infrastructure plans.\nTo jump-start the recovery of assets that wealthy Indonesians sequester abroad, the country launched a tax amnesty program in the summer of 2016. It was an experiment that drew criticism from the likes of OECD, the IMF, and domestic labor unions. Still, as it enters the final days of its nine months, the program has exceeded monetary expectations, netting about $330 billion of tax revenue.\nThe big question, once it wraps up on March 31, is what to do with that money. Finance Minister Sri Mulyani has created a task force to address the repatriated assets, but they can only really start their work after the final numbers are released. The government must also respond to criticism that the amnesty program lets off tax evaders too easily, to the detriment of the working class.\nClosing the deficit\n\u201cThe revenue from this will significantly contribute to reducing the national deficit,\u201d said Asmiati Malik, an economics researcher at the University of Birmingham. \u201cIt could do so by as much as 70 percent: from $23 billion to $8.2 billion.\u201d\nIn recent weeks, regional tax offices have put on daily public campaigns to encourage participation in the amnesty program. Hestu Yoga Saksama of the Taxation Directorate General told the Jakarta Post as many as 4,000 people signed up for it every day in March that as many as 4,000 people signed up for it every day in March, suggesting it arose from a general tendency to procrastinate on personal finances.\n\u201cIn our culture, people tend to wait until the very last moment,\u201d said Yoga.\nOver three million Indonesians have become new tax payers in the last year, according to the Directorate General of Taxation. This includes high profile business people like those of the Indonesian Chambers of Commerce and Industry, a business lobby, who signed up en masse earlier this year.\nSince the 1990s, when there were ethnic riots and political unrest before and after the fall of long-time dictator Suharto, rich Indonesians have relocated money to tax havens like Singapore, according to Bloomberg.\n\u201cTwo huge benefits of the amnesty program for taxpayers now are the low interest rate and the abolition of tax debt,\u201d said Yustinus Prastowo of the Center for Indonesia Taxation Analysis.\nIf they repatriate assets, individuals will be charged between two and ten percent interest, rather than typical corporate or personal income tax rates, which can reach 30 percent. And they must commit to keeping those assets within Indonesia for at least three years.\nExpanding the tax base\nIndonesia has already generated more revenue from its tax amnesty experiment than analogous efforts in countries like India and Germany, but according to some experts, there remains room for expansion.\n\u201cThe major issue is that the number of taxpayers who joined the amnesty program is still low, proportionally,\u201d said Malik. \u201cThere are roughly 700,000 people who joined the program out of a total 32 million taxpayers\u2026 which is only 2.2 percent of those eligible.\u201d\nMalik called for a more progressive tax policy to increase participation in both the amnesty program and taxation in general. \u201cIt should be more progressive regarding extensification [widening the tax base], and increase the incentive for tax compliance and avoidance,\u201d she said. \u201cThese solutions hinge on using \u2018one-gate identification\u2019 that integrates a person\u2019s bank account, national ID, and tax ID, so that no one can avoid declaring their assets.\u201d\nThat being said, the first round of the amnesty program is well-timed; by September of this year, Indonesia will join the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development\u2019s Automatic Exchange of Information initiative to share its tax figures internationally. That means it will be able to access the details of Indonesian citizens\u2019 offshore assets in countries like Singapore and the Cayman Islands.\nRising inequality\nThe OECD, however, was an early critic of Indonesia\u2019s project of tax amnesty. Programs like this are \u201cunlikely to deliver benefits that exceed their true costs, but carry a risk of leading to an erosion of the gross revenue collected and may negatively affect overall tax compliance,\u201d Philip Kerfs, of OECD\u2019s Centre for Tax Policy and Administration, told Bloomberg in August 2016.\nOpponents of the program argue that tax evaders are essentially rewarded for flouting the law.\nLast fall, there were large worker protests in Jakarta against tax amnesty, and most of the country\u2019s labor unions have vocally opposed the policy.\nThe International Monetary Fund also expressed doubts about the program. \u201cWe were a little skeptical with the implementation of tax amnesty anywhere, but we hope we are wrong in Indonesia,\" said IMF\u2019s Luis Bereu.\nOn Monday, the Directorate General of Taxation announced it was devoting \u201cspecial attention\u201d to pursuing several members of a Forbes list of the richest Indonesians who have not yet registered for tax amnesty.\nFILE - A Muslim man shouts slogans during a rally against Jakarta's minority Christian Governor Basuki \"Ahok\" Tjahaja Purnama demanding him to be sacked outside the parliament in Jakarta, Indonesia, Feb. 21, 2017.\nPrastowo suggested another reason why the funds may eventually fall short of their potential \u2014 the hardline rallies that gripped Jakarta last November and December, against the city\u2019s Chinese Christian governor. The political disturbance, he said, may have deterred investors from bringing their money back home. It\u2019s a remarkable parallel to the unrest that sent many wealthy Indonesians packing in the first place.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A Muslim man shouts slogans during a rally against Jakarta's minority Christian Governor Basuki \"Ahok\" Tjahaja Purnama demanding him to be sacked outside the parliament in Jakarta, Indonesia, Feb. 21, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/3203F1FB-CE70-4DBD-9B2D-A66EC2133157.jpg",
        "id": "6514_2",
        "answer": [
            "may have deterred investors from bringing their money back home"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "political disturbance"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_28_3784899",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_28_3784899_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What happened to the person with the blonde hair in the image?",
        "context": "Poll: Republicans, Democrats Agree Their Parties Are Internally Split\nA new poll shows that Republicans and Democrats in the U.S. can agree on at least one thing: their parties are afflicted with internal discord.\nThe NBC News/SurveyMonkey Poll found three-fourths of Republicans and Republican leaners say their party is divided, while nearly 60 percent of Democrats and Democratic sympathizers think their party is split.\nLess than one-quarter of Republicans feel their party is united, compared to 40 percent of Democrats who who feel the same way about their party.\nThe poll was conducted Friday, March 24, just after last week's failure to advance the Republican health care reform bill.\nPresident Donald Trump, flanked by Health and Human Services Secretary Tom Price (left) and Vice President Mike Pence, told members of the media Friday that with the collapse of the health care overhaul bill, he would turn his attention to tax reform.\nDespite the setback, 51 percent of Republicans believe the party will unify by the midterm elections in 2018. Nearly a quarter of Republicans are pessimistic, believing the party will remain divided next year.\nAlmost 40 percent of the Democratic respondents believe their party will come together by next year's midterm elections, but 20 percent think it will remain split.\nFILE - Senate Minority Leader Charles Schumer of New York, flanked by Sen. Debbie Stabenow, D-Mich., left, and Sen. Bernie Sanders, I-Vt., critiques policies of President Donald Trump during a news conference on Capitol Hill in Washington, Jan. 24, 2017.\nMeanwhile, the poll showed U.S. President Donald Trump's approval rating is now at 42 percent, compared to 56 percent of Americans who disapprove of the job he is doing. Trump's net approval rating slipped three percentage points over the past month to a negative rating of 14 percent.\n",
        "caption": "President Donald Trump, flanked by Health and Human Services Secretary Tom Price (left) and Vice President Mike Pence, told members of the media Friday that with the collapse of the health care overhaul bill, he would turn his attention to tax reform.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/529CFD75-A60C-405C-B321-B9A12FF88C26.jpg",
        "id": "12730_2",
        "answer": [
            "net approval rating slipped three percentage points over the past month to a negative rating of 14 percent",
            "None",
            "net approval rating slipped"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Donald Trump",
            "Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_30_3789147",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_30_3789147_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What happened to the person the people in the image support?",
        "context": "Family of Slain US Black Motorist Reaches $3 Million Settlement\nA settlement has been reached for the family of a black motorist whose dying moments were caught on a Facebook livestream after he was shot by a police officer last year in the U.S. state of Minnesota.\nThe nearly $3 million settlement will be paid to the family of Philando Castile.\nHis family represented by his mother, Valerie Castile, will bypass any federal wrongful death or civil rights lawsuits arising from his death.\nCastile was at a traffic stop when he was fatally shot by St. Anthony police officer Jeronimo Yanez after Castile told Yanez he was armed. The 32-year-old was supposedly reaching for something when he was shot seven times at close range.\nPeople protest in support of Philando Castile during a rally after a jury found St. Anthony Police Department officer Jeronimo Yanez not guilty of second-degree manslaughter in the death of Castile, in St. Paul, Minnesota, June 16, 2017.\nEarlier this month, Yanez was acquitted of manslaughter and other charges, sparking days of protests that ended with 18 arrests.\nA joint statement released Monday by the city of St. Anthony and the attorneys representing the Castile family said, \"No amount of money could ever replace Philando. With resolution of the claims the family will continue to deal with their loss through the important work of the Philando Castile Relief Foundation.\"\nThe squad car video shows the shooting, but does not show the build up to the shooting, creating room for debate. In her livestream video, Castile's girlfriend, Diamond Reynolds, says that Castile was reaching for his wallet, not his gun. Castile had a permit for his gun.\nFILE - Diamond Reynolds weeps after she recounts the incidents that led to the fatal shooting of her boyfriend Philando Castile by Minneapolis area police during a traffic stop.\nYanez testified earlier this month, describing how he feared for his life and said that Castile ignored his pleas to not pull out his gun. The squad car footage that captured the moments before the shooting shows Castile saying, \"I'm not pulling it out\" before Yanez opened fire.\nThe city of St. Anthony is offering Yanez a \"voluntary separation agreement\" from the police department, in which he would no longer be an on-duty officer.\n",
        "caption": "People protest in support of Philando Castile during a rally after a jury found St. Anthony Police Department officer Jeronimo Yanez not guilty of second-degree manslaughter in the death of Castile, in St. Paul, Minnesota, June 16, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/79E9A937-99B2-4A9D-A4EF-8E9D4885C186.jpg",
        "id": "7603_2",
        "answer": [
            "was fatally shot",
            "shot by a police officer"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Castile",
            "People"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_26_3916741",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_26_3916741_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who will the man in the image be working with?",
        "context": "Woods, on the Mend, Looks to Federer for Inspiration\nDUBAI, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES \u2014\u00a0\nTiger Woods is looking to old friend Roger Federer for some inspiration.\nGolf standout Woods, 40, hasn't won a major since 2008, while tennis star Federer, 35, claimed his 18th Grand Slam title on Sunday at the Australian Open, beating Rafael Nadal in the final in his first tournament following a six-month injury layoff.\n\"What Rog has done is he's been dominant for so long,\" Woods said as he continues his comeback from 16 months off at this week's Dubai Desert Classic. \"To compete against [Novak Djokovic], to compete against Rafa, and now Andy [Murray] is playing well \u2014 he's had a litany of guys who have won slams. And no one wins slams at his age.\n\"And for him to come back, after having to take that much time off, and for him to get the timing, that's the hardest part.\"\nWoods has won 14 majors, the last coming at the 2008 U.S. Open. Since then, he has dropped from No. 1 in the world to No. 666. He has twice won in Dubai but missed the cut in his first appearance of the year at the Farmers Insurance Open at Torrey Pines.\nChanging with age\nAfter three back surgeries in the last few years, Woods is hoping to emulate Federer and get back to his best.\n\"As you get older, you change your game and you do things slightly differently, and he did that,\" Woods said of Federer.\n\"Am I going to do that? Yeah, I'm not going to be hitting balls like some of these guys, 340 [yards], out there,\" Woods said. \"I watched Dustin [Johnson] carry a ball last week when it was cold, wet and damp, and carried it 335. Jason [Day] and I just looked at each other going, 'We don't have that.' \"\nThe Dubai Desert Classic is the final leg of the European Tour's Desert Swing. Woods has been paired with Masters champion Danny Willett and World Tour Championship winner Matthew Fitzpatrick for the first two days.\nAnd his main goal will be to make sure there is no chance of recurrence of pain in his back.\n\"The simplest thing is, I just play away from pain. That's it,\" Woods said. \"Whether my swing looks classical, rhythmical, or it may look unorthodox, I don't care as long as I don't feel that nerve pain.\"\n",
        "caption": "Tiger Woods walks on the 13th fairway of the North Course during the second round of the Farmers Insurance Open golf tournament at Torrey Pines Golf Course in San Diego, California, Jan. 27, 2017. It was Woods' first appearance of the season, and he missed the cut.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/EA0B75E2-FBF6-495A-9BD0-1FAAD77D2867.jpg",
        "id": "28735_1",
        "answer": [
            "Masters champion Danny Willett and World Tour Championship winner Matthew Fitzpatrick "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Woods"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_01_3702311",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_01_3702311_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who elevated the woman in the image?",
        "context": "Hong Kong Set to Arrest Protest Leaders\nNine Hong Kong activists were informed Monday that they will be arrested for their involvement in the student protests of the Umbrella Movement of 2014 and charged with creating a public nuisance.\nThe news of their pending arrests comes one day after veteran civil servant Carrie Lam was selected by a pro-China election committee to become Hong Kong's first female chief executive.\nCarrie Lam waves after she won the election for Hong Kong's next Chief Executive as Woo Kwok-hing stands next to her in Hong Kong, March 26, 2017.\nDemocracy activists are concerned about Lam's win and her pro-China tendencies. They are leery of China's growing interference in Hong Kong and fearful of losing the former British colony's \"one country, two systems\" formula that guarantees Hong Kong wide-ranging freedoms.\nLam said Sunday Hong Kong \"is suffering from quite a serious divisiveness and has accumulated a lot of frustrations.\" She said her \"priority will be to heal the divide.\"\nActivist Raphael Wong told the French news agency, AFP, he had been notified he would receive the public nuisance charge for his role in the protests.\n\"As Carrie Lam talks about unity, they are saying you don't need it,\" Wong said.\nCivic Party lawmaker Tanya Chan, also notified about the public nuisance charge that carries a maximum seven-year sentence, said the timing undermines Lam's unity pledge. She also described the move as a \"death kiss\" from outgoing chief executive Leung Chun-ying who steps down in July.\nOthers targeted for arrest include university professors, former student leaders, and current and former pro-democracy lawmakers.\nTens of thousands of student protesters took to the streets in 2014 in what became known as the Umbrella Movement to demand full democracy for Hong Kong.\nFILE - Protesters carrying yellow umbrellas, the symbol of the Occupy movement, march on a street in Hong Kong, Feb. 1, 2015.\nHong Kong's chief is elected by a committee of 1,200 that includes tycoons and lawmakers, leaving millions of residents unable to vote for their leader.\nThe 59-year-old Lam's victory with 777 votes was no surprise since Beijing had lobbied heavily for her. She was Hong Kong's number two official before Sunday's vote.\n",
        "caption": "Carrie Lam waves after she won the election for Hong Kong's next Chief Executive as Woo Kwok-hing stands next to her in Hong Kong, March 26, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/721AB639-0C58-46BB-A204-A746A3413030.jpg",
        "id": "7924_2",
        "answer": [
            "a pro-China election committee",
            "pro-China election committee"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Carrie Lam"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_27_3783238",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_27_3783238_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where is the groups of the people in the image located?",
        "context": "US Forces Vow to Defeat Islamic State in Afghanistan This Year\nU.S. forces in Afghanistan are upping the fight against an expanding Islamic State offshoot based near the Afghan-Pakistan border and are determined to defeat the extremist group in the country this year, U.S. military officials tell VOA.\n\"Our goal in 2017 is to defeat ISIS-K in Afghanistan,\" U.S. Navy Capt. Bill Salvin, the spokesperson and director of public affairs for Resolute Support headquarters in Kabul, told VOA's Afghan service.\nIslamic State's self-styled Khorasan Province branch (ISIS-K) has taken root in mountainous areas of Afghanistan and Pakistan, increasing its recruiting efforts and terror attacks nationwide. Its name refers to a centuries-old description of Afghanistan and surrounding areas of Central Asia and Persia.\nNATO and the Afghan government say their security operations in recent months have reduced the extremists' strength in Afghanistan from several thousand to now under one thousand fighters, and their territorial control from more than 10 districts to fewer than five.\nFILE - Arrested Islamic State fighters stand outside Afghan police headquarters in Nangarhar, Afghanistan.\nNumbers falling\n\"In 2016, we believed that year began with about 3,000 or so ISIS-K members in about 12 districts in southern Nangarhar,\" Salvin said. \"Right now, we believe there are about 600 ISIS-K members in two or three districts in southern Nangarhar.\"\nBut despite those battlefield losses, ISIS-K has \"shown an ability to conduct attacks in Kabul and elsewhere in the country,\" General John Nicholson, the top U.S. military commander in Afghanistan, told the Senate Armed Services Committee.\nIS claimed responsibility for a March 8 attack on a military hospital in Kabul that killed at least 31 people.\nAnalysts caution that U.S. and Afghan officials may be overly optimistic when speaking of containing IS's spreading influence in Afghanistan.\n\"Ultimately, we should applaud U.S. efforts to cut down the presence of IS fighters in Afghanistan,\" said Michael Kugelman, a South Asia specialist at the Woodrow Wilson Center in Washington. \"But the broader problem is the ideologies of hate that keep IS strong. Taking aim at the ideological drivers of IS will be very difficult.\"\nFILE - Afghan militia men raise their weapons as they stand guard in the Achin district of Nangarhar province east of Kabul, Afghanistan, Dec. 27, 2015.\n2-way approach to fighting IS\n\"The Afghanistan-Pakistan region is a magnet for militancy, and there's no reason why the hundreds of IS fighters that have been lost won't be replaced,\" he said. \"There are deeper issues that need to be addressed \u2014 such as why IS managed to develop a presence in Afghanistan in the first place \u2014 and these are issues that can't be addressed by the U.S. military.\"\nRoughly 8,400 U.S. troops are deployed in Afghanistan, carrying out operations against IS and training the Afghan army.\nAmerican and Afghan forces routinely conduct counterterrorism operations together. U.S. warplanes carried out hundreds of airstrikes against IS targets in Afghanistan during the first seven months of last year.\nU.S. military spokesman Salvin said American forces pursue a two-way approach to combating IS.\n\"The first is the unilateral U.S. counterterrorism mission called Operation Freedom, and that is where we will conduct the operations against terrorist groups like ISIS-K on our own,\" he said. \"The other way that we are attacking ISIS-K is in partnered operations with the Afghan special forces.\n\"They have had a great success in fighting ISIS-K, especially over the last month or so,\" Salvin said.\nFILE - Security forces inspect the site of an Islamic State-claimed attack on a hospital in Kabul, Afghanistan, March 8, 2017.\nExtremists try to control schools\nIS fighters have made inroads in recent years into Afghanistan's eastern Nangarhar province, bordering Pakistan, and are active in several neighboring districts.\nSince 2015, IS has attacked several government installations and villages in several other districts of the province as well. In some areas, they closed public schools and replaced them with their own religious seminaries.\nAfghanistan welcomed a recent call by General Nicholson for a few thousand more troops from the U.S. or other coalition partners to help in the battle against IS.\n\"We stand confident that the new U.S. administration under President [Donald] Trump will remain strategically engaged and continue its support,\" Afghanistan's Foreign Minister Salahuddin Rabbani said in an appearance at the Atlantic Council in Washington this week. He described Nicholson's call as \"an appropriate decision considering the prevailing security challenges still facing us.\"\nRabbani was one of dozens of foreign attendees at Wednesday's meeting of the Global Coalition to counter Islamic State. The 68-nation group met to accelerate international efforts to defeat IS worldwide.\nFILE - Afghanistan's National Army soldiers take positions in Khogyani district, in Nangarhar province, east of Kabul, Afghanistan.\nAfghans stronger now than in 2016\nRabbani met with Secretary of State Rex Tillerson and discussed how Afghanistan and Pakistan can cooperate in curbing IS cross-border activities, U.S. officials said. Pakistan was not part of the conference.\nAccording to media reports, many IS members in Afghanistan belong to the Orakzai tribe in Pakistan, whose militants maintain a presence on both sides of the Durand Line between the two countries.\n\"There needs to be greater cooperation with respect to Afghanistan and Pakistan on these kinds of issues,\" State Department spokesman Mark Toner told VOA's Deewa service.\nU.S. military spokesman Salvin predicts bolstered Afghan forces ultimately will win the fight against Islamic State.\n\"We believe that they are stronger going into 2017 than they were when they finished 2016,\" Salvin said. \"So while we do believe it will be a challenging year, we believe that the Afghan forces will be successful, and we will be here to be their partners.\"\nVOA's Afghanistan Service contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Arrested Islamic State fighters stand outside Afghan police headquarters in Nangarhar, Afghanistan.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/A71F79E4-B52F-427D-BECB-63343D2C243A.jpg",
        "id": "6288_2",
        "answer": [
            "in mountainous areas of Afghanistan and Pakistan",
            "Nangarhar, Afghanistan "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Islamic State fighters ",
            "Islamic State"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_22_3777755",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_22_3777755_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person being mocked in the image do?",
        "context": "May Struggles to Hang On as Election Plunges Britain Into Political Chaos\nLONDON \u2014\u00a0\nBritain has been plunged into political chaos after a shock result in Thursday's general election that saw the ruling Conservative Party's majority wiped out.\nPrime Minister Theresa May called a snap poll hoping to boost her mandate for talks on Britain's exit from the European Union, due to start next week. But the Brexit timetable has been thrown into jeopardy as the opposition Labor Party saw its vote share soar.\nMay on Friday resisted calls to quit \u2014 calls that came even from senior figures in her party.\nAfter visiting Queen Elizabeth II on Friday, a part of electoral procedure, May announced she would try to form a minority government supported by the Democratic Unionist Party, or DUP, from Northern Ireland.\n\"Our two parties have enjoyed a strong relationship over many years, and this gives me the confidence to believe that we will be able to work together in the interests of the whole United Kingdom,\" May said.\nA protester wearing a Theresa May mask is seen the day after Britain's election in London, June 9, 2017.\nSolid majority seen vital\nThe prime minister maintained that the Brexit talks would begin as planned next week, but with her party's loss of 13 seats and its parliamentary majority, May will rely on the support of the DUP vote by vote. That is simply unsustainable, said political analyst Ian Dunt, author of the book Brexit: What the Hell Happens Now?\nMinority governments in Britain \"have very bad track records \u2014 they always get torn apart. The system doesn't like it. When you're doing that going into Brexit negotiations \u2014 some of the most brutal, arduous negotiations this country has ever faced \u2014 you don't have a chance going up against it without really a strong majority.\"\nSo is Britain's EU exit now in doubt? No, Dunt said, but May's vision of a so-called \"hard Brexit\" \u2014 in which the U.K. would most likely leave the single European Union market, take full control over its borders, strike new trade deals and apply laws within its own borders \u2014 has been rejected.\n\"She said, 'Give me a mandate.' And the answer was, 'No.' And that means we have to rethink everything, the entirety of the way we're doing Brexit,\" Dunt said.\nThe Conservatives' losses were largely gains for the Labor opposition, which defied polls and predictions to gain 29 seats \u2014 a vindication for leader Jeremy Corbyn, whose grip on the party appears to have strengthened.\n\"We put forward our policies \u2014 strong and hopeful policies \u2014 and they've gained an amazing response and traction,\" he said.\nBritain's Labor Party leader Jeremy Corbyn waves after arriving for the declaration at his constituency in London, June 9, 2017.\nYouth vote energized\nAmong those was scrapping university tuition fees, which energized the youth vote. As one teaching student at the University of London told VOA, \"I think most of us here were against Brexit last year. And I don't feel like the current prime minister or, indeed, the Tory party, has any idea about what to do with Brexit at the moment.\"\nElation in the Corbyn camp is tempered by electoral reality, said Dunt, making a comparison to last year's U.S. presidential campaign.\n\"In a sort of Bernie Sanders way, he just created this sort of idealistic momentum around young people,\" Dunt said. \"He's done something extraordinary. But he still doesn't have that many seats.\"\nA year after the Brexit vote, Britain appears as divided as ever \u2014 between young and old, left and right, pro- and anti-Europe.\nMay's campaign catchphrase of a \"strong and stable government\" has backfired. Britain looks set for months of political chaos.\n",
        "caption": "A protester wearing a Theresa May mask is seen the day after Britain's election in London, June 9, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/7AAC21AA-4CFC-4B85-924D-4F88519FCCE4.jpg",
        "id": "16989_1",
        "answer": [
            "resisted calls to quit",
            "called a snap poll",
            "called a snap poll hoping to boost her mandate for talks on Britain's exit from the European Union"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Theresa May"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_09_3894397",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_09_3894397_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What was the person in the image, whose hand is raised, jailed for?",
        "context": "Sissi's Egypt Blocks Access to 20 News Websites\nEgypt has blocked access to about 20 websites including Qatar's Al-Jazeera since Wednesday night, state media reported.\nThe sites, including Huffington Post's Arabic language site HuffPost Arabi and independent site Mada Masr, were blocked because they were allegedly \"spreading lies\" and \"supporting terrorism\", state-run news agency Mena announced.\nThe move comes a day after Khaled Ali, a prominent lawyer and former presidential candidate, was released on bail pending trial on Monday on charges of 'raising his middle figure' in public, which is considered obscene in some countries.\nFILE - In this Wednesday, June 22, 2016 file photo, Egyptian lawyer and former presidential candidate Khaled Ali points to photos of jailed activists, who were arrested during protests over two disputed Red Sea islands, including Egyptian rights lawyer Malek Adly, top row third right, during a press conference, in Cairo, Egypt. An Egyptian court has ordered on Thursday, Aug. 25, 2016 the release of the prominent rights lawyer held in solitary confinement for the past three months after he challenged in court a decision by the country's president to hand over two Red Sea islands to Saudi Arabia.\nMada Masr, known for taking a strong stance against corruption, tweeted a cartoon Thursday of a man in front of a closed wooden door in the desert with the caption \"We have confirmed Mada Masr's website has been blocked. Stay tuned on how to find us again.\"\nHuffPost Arabi also took to Twitter to direct readers to its social media accounts for continued news coverage.\nThe full list of disabled websites in general-turned-president Abdel-Fattah el-Sissi's latest crackdown on media access was not released.\nThis is not the first time Al-Jazeera has been at odds with Sissi's government. Egypt drew international condemnation when it arrested three Al-Jazeera journalists \u2014 a Canadian, an Australian and an Egyptian \u2014 in 2013 and sentenced them to jail time. The three were later released.\nAl-Jazeera's news coverage in the years following Egypt's 2011 Arab Spring revolution and the 2013 Sissi-led overthrow of the country's first freely elected civilian President Mohamed Morsi was intensely criticized by the Egyptian government.\nEgypt currently ranks umber 161 out of 180 on the World Press Freedom Index.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - In this Wednesday, June 22, 2016 file photo, Egyptian lawyer and former presidential candidate Khaled Ali points to photos of jailed activists, who were arrested during protests over two disputed Red Sea islands, including Egyptian rights lawyer Malek Adly, top row third right, during a press conference, in Cairo, Egypt. An Egyptian court has ordered on Thursday, Aug. 25, 2016 the release of the prominent rights lawyer held in solitary confinement for the past three months after he challenged in court a decision by the country's president to hand over two Red Sea islands to Saudi Arabia.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/15028D65-719E-4785-A0D3-3FB6C5422E16.jpg",
        "id": "324_2",
        "answer": [
            "'raising his middle figure' in public",
            "raising his middle figure"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Khaled Ali"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_25_3870900",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_25_3870900_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What annoyed the person in the image with the red tie?",
        "context": "Trump Issues Rallying Cry Against Conservative House Freedom Caucus\nU.S. President Donald Trump has issued a rallying cry against the House Freedom Caucus, a powerful group of staunchly conservative Republican lawmakers who are largely responsible for the collapse of efforts to overhaul the nation's health care law.\nIn a Twitter post on Thursday, Trump called on Republicans to defeat caucus members and Democrats.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;The Freedom Caucus will hurt the entire Republican agenda if they don%27t get on the team, \\u0026amp;amp; fast. We must fight them, \\u0026amp;amp; Dems, in 2018!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/847435163143454723\\\"\\u0026gt;March 30, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nTrump's tweet seemed to encourage challenges to caucus members in next year's midterm primary elections. The Freedom Caucus has about 32 members, most of whom won elections in solidly Republican districts by comfortable margins.\nThe Trump administration has been stymied by the independence of the Freedom Caucus. The president lobbied members intensely to support the Republican bill to replace the Affordable Care Act, commonly known as Obamacare.\nBut the efforts failed last Friday in the face of caucus opposition after Trump and House Speaker Paul Ryan did not convince enough lawmakers to vote in their favor.\nFILE - President Donald Trump and Health and Human Services Secretary Tom Price arrive on Capitol Hill in Washington, March 21, 2017, to rally support for the Republican health care overhaul by taking his case directly to GOP lawmakers.\nTrump initially blamed Democrats for the setback, but has since criticized the Freedom Caucus for its resistance.\nTrump's threat comes as Republicans are gearing up for a month of possible intra-party debate on spending priorities.\nCongress has to approve a spending measure by April 28 to avoid a federal government shutdown.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - President Donald Trump and Health and Human Services Secretary Tom Price arrive on Capitol Hill in Washington, March 21, 2017, to rally support for the Republican health care overhaul by taking his case directly to GOP lawmakers.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/EC8FD2E4-F5E2-4D0A-9F50-1354E7C14609.jpg",
        "id": "3146_2",
        "answer": [
            "the House Freedom Caucus"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_30_3789329",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_30_3789329_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where are people like those holding the paper in the image living?",
        "context": "Trump Signs Immigration Orders to Build Mexico Wall\nPresident Donald Trump Wednesday ordered construction of a wall along the country's southern border with Mexico to thwart illegal migration while threatening to pull some funds from hundreds of so-called U.S. sanctuary cities.\nTrump signed the immigration executive orders as he visited the Department of Homeland Security, the federal agency charged with protecting the U.S. border.\n\"We are in the middle of a crisis on our southern border. The unprecedented surge of illegal migrants from Central America is harming both Mexico and the United States,\" he said. \"And I believe the steps we will take, starting right now, will improve the safety in both of our countries. It is going to be very, very good for Mexico.\"\nThe orders served as an exclamation point to one of the major forces behind Trump's lengthy run to a four-year term in the White House -- his contention that illegal migrants in the U.S. threaten its security and cost American workers their jobs. At rally after rally during his campaign, his most fervent cheering supporters shouted, \"Build that wall!\"\nTrump told ABC News that construction of the wall would start within months and continued to contend that Mexico would pay for it, although Mexico has repeatedly said it would not.\nWATCH: Trump on American reimbursement for border wall \nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTrump: Americans Will be Reimbursed by Mexico for Border Wall\nShare this video\n0:01:04\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:04\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 2.8MB\n360p | 3.2MB\n480p | 18.9MB\nPayment plan\nTrump said the payment would perhaps be in a \"complicated form,\" signaling it would not be a direct payment from Mexico City to Washington.\nThe Washington Post newspaper says money raised by a possible tax on Mexican imports could be used to pay for it.\nRepublican House Speaker Paul Ryan of Wisconsin praised the actions in a statement.\n\"This is about keeping Americans safe. We are committed to working with the administration to stop the influx of illegal immigration along the southern border, protect our homeland, and uphold the rule of law. I applaud President Trump for keeping his promise to make this a national priority,\" Ryan said.\nThe executive order was not applauded by some, however. Democratic Senator Robert Menendez of New Jersey condemned it in strong terms.\n\u201cThis is a terrible and ugly decision by a president who is more concerned with right-wing fringe movements than doing what\u2019s right for all of America, for the economy, and for the future of this country,\" Menendez said. \"Donald Trump started his campaign by calling Mexicans rapists and murderers, and he is shamefully starting his presidency by declaring open season on immigrants and refugees, and making taxpayers foot the bill for his nativist impulses.\"\nFILE - Illegal immigrant Layios Roberto waits outside the offices of Coalition for Humane Immigrant Rights in Los Angeles, Aug. 15, 2012.\n'Hostile act'\nA senator from the Mexican opposition, Armando Rios Piter, calls the wall a \"hostile act\" toward the Mexican people. He is urging President Enrique Pena Nieto to cancel next week's meeting with Trump.\nLate Wednesday, Pena Nieto said he \"regrets and dispproves\" of Trump's push to build a wall. He also said he \"considering\" cancelling next week's visit to Washington.\nWhite House spokesman Sean Spicer said the U.S. would build more detention facilities along the border to house migrants who cross into the U.S. and then give them a \"one-way ticket back to the country of their origin.\"\nSpicer said the Trump administration would end what he called the \"dangerous catch and release program\" border agents currently employ. Migrants are let go after promising to appear in court. Many of them ignore the promise.\nOfficials say Trump is also considering a four-month freeze on all refugee admissions into the U.S., as well as a ban for at least 30 days for entry to the U.S. by anyone from Iraq, Iran, Libya, Syria, Somalia, Sudan and Yemen \u2014 all Muslim majority countries.\nThe ban could also include an exception for people who are religious minorities in their country and facing persecution.\nThe office of the U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees said it was aware of the U.S.-Mexican border issue and would \"closely follow the impact\" of any wall-building program on people seeking refuge in the United States.\n\"At a time of enormous needs for the protection of refugees,\" a UNHCR statement said, \"we hope that the U.S. will continue its strong leadership role and long tradition of protecting those who are fleeing conflict and persecution.\"\nIn this May 1, 2016, photo, Eva Lara, second from left, reacts as she reaches for her grandmother, Juana Lara, through the border wall during a brief visitation near where Mexico and the United States meet at the Pacific Ocean in San Diego.\n National security\nTrump often used his campaign rallies to criticize U.S. admissions of refugees, employing the phrase, \"We have no idea who these people are.\" He also initially proposed a ban on admitting people from Muslim countries, drawing sharp criticism. He later amended his stance to include countries with links to terrorism.\nHe wants a wall along the entire 3,200-kilometer length of the U.S.-Mexico border. Currently, there is a barrier only along some of the border. U.S. agents patrol the border in vehicles, and monitor it with unmanned drones and infrared video.\nTrump said Congress would initially authorize the U.S. government to pick up the cost \u2014 possibly $10 billion or more \u2014 and be reimbursed later by the Mexican government.\nTrump has said building the wall would be easy. But experts say they doubt it noting the rough terrain along the border, with regular peaks and valleys. Some of the property along the border is owned privately and the owners say they do not want a wall.\nCongressman Bennie Thompson, the ranking Democratic member of the House Homeland Security committee, said the executive order on the U.S.-Mexico border wall \"is nothing more than political theater.\"\nThompson said the wall will do little to make America's borders safer.\n\"The Department of Homeland Security already has the authority to build border fence where there is operational need. Wasting billions on a wall will do nothing to address the thousands of people arriving at our borders, not trying to circumvent the existing fence or evade Border Patrol agents. It will do nothing to address those who come here legally, but overstay their visas,\" he said.\nTrump's plan to put the $10 billion or more cost of the \"wall on the American taxpayers' credit card,\" violates his campaign promise that American taxpayers would not pay for it, Thompson said. \"Mexico has absolutely no intention of paying for it,\" he added.\nUS-Mexico Border Fence\nResidents situated along the southern border hold opposing views, much like the rest of the country. But even among President Trump\u2019s supporters, some doubt the wall\u2019s construction will amount to his promises.\n\u201cIt will never be a complete wall, because of the nondomestic animals that are native to this area,\u201d said Stuart Dilly, a gas station employee 2 kilometers north of the California border. \u201cHe might find a way to get around it, but we\u2019ll see. I don\u2019t foresee the wall being any higher than it already is.\u201d\nJairo Carcamo, who crossed the border himself at 15 -- seeking refuge from Honduras -- isn\u2019t opposed to the wall as a deterrent to drug dealers and \u201cbad people,\u201d but offers an alternative solution.\n\u201cSomething good [Trump] can do is he can hire more border patrol, right there he\u2019s creating more jobs,\u201d Carcamo said.\nBut other locals consider Trump\u2019s plans detrimental to a border population of diverse heritage.\nProtesters hold signs as they yell at a rally outside of City Hall in San Francisco, Jan. 25, 2017.\nLos Angeles-native Leslie Ambriz, a volunteer at the humanitarian nonprofit organzation Border Angels, joined a group along the California desert to place jugs of water for crossing migrants. She says a wall\u2019s central purpose is to create a division of people.\n\u201cIt says we\u2019re better than you,\u201d Ambriz said, \"and I don\u2019t think that\u2019s how people are supposed to be treated.\u201d\nSanctuary Cities\nIn addition, Trump targeted several hundred U.S. cities that by law or their political decisions have declared themselves \"sanctuary cities,\" with police refusing to help federal agents identify undocumented immigrants so they could be detained and eventually deported.\nSpicer said the new president will attempt to block federal funding to the cities that show \"disregard for our laws.\" The cities individually could lose millions of dollars in federal aid. Many of the cities, including some of the biggest in the country, are located in states that Trump won in the November election.\nDemocratic House Minority leader Nancy Pelosi of California blasted both of Trump's executive orders.\n\u201cWith today\u2019s sweeping and constitutionally suspect executive actions, the president is turning his back on both our history and our values as a proud nation of immigrants,\" Pelosi said. \"Wasting billions of taxpayer dollars on a border wall Mexico will never pay for, and punishing cities that do not want their local police forces forced to serve as President Trump\u2019s deportation dragnet does nothing to fix our immigration system or keep Americans safe.\"\nPelosi represents San Francisco, which is a sanctuary city.\nEven with Trump's immigration decrees, the new administration is grappling with how to deal with former President Barack Obama's order allowing immigrant children who entered the U.S. illegally when their parents crossed the border to stay in the U.S. for two years without fear of deportation. Many of the children only know the U.S. as their home and now are students or working in the country.\nImmigration hardliners want these children deported, along with their parents, but their supporters call them \"Dreamers\" and have advocated for allowing them to stay in the U.S.\nSpicer said Trump officials would review the cases of the undocumented children \"in a humane way.\"\nWATCH: Spicer on immigration officers, sanctuary cities\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nSpicer on the Immigration Officers, Sanctuary Cities\nShare this video\n0:01:24\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:24\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 2.5MB\n360p | 2.9MB\n480p | 15.3MB\nTargeting criminals\nObama said his priority was to protect Americans, while also working to help immigrants who had been pushed from their homes by war, terrorism and political instability. \nThe Obama administration said refugees are \"the most thoroughly screened travelers\" to the United States, and are required to undergo security checks, including strict vetting by law enforcement and intelligence agencies, and extensive interviews before they are allowed into the country. For many refugees, the process takes up to two years to complete.\nIn 2016, the U.S. admitted about 85,000 refugees, including more than 12,500 Syrians. Obama set a goal for the 2017 fiscal year, which began in October, of 110,000 refugee admissions.\nVOA's Cindy Saine at the White House and reporters Victoria Macchi, Ken Bredemeier, Jeff Seldin, Ramon Taylor and Margaret Besheer contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Illegal immigrant Layios Roberto waits outside the offices of Coalition for Humane Immigrant Rights in Los Angeles, Aug. 15, 2012.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/BF6EFFD6-FDDB-4933-A229-E4CFD233B76D.jpg",
        "id": "2311_1",
        "answer": [
            "U.S.",
            "sanctuary cities",
            "Los Angeles"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "illegal migration",
            "Illegal immigrant",
            " "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_25_3691662",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_25_3691662_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where are the people in the image seeking shelter?",
        "context": "UN Chief Calls for Protection of Civilians in Raqqa\nUnited Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres on Wednesday called for special consideration to be taken for civilians trapped in Raqqa, Syria, as U.S.-backed forces prepare to take action to remove Islamic State jihadists from the city.\nGuterres said some civilians stuck in hard-to-reach areas have been deprived of food and medical aid for years and said he was \u201cdeeply alarmed\u201d by the situation.\n\u201cCivilians continue to be killed, injured and displaced at a terrifying rate [and] places of refuge, such as hospitals and schools continue to be targeted,\u201d he said.\nIslamic State snipers are shooting at families trying to flee on foot or by boat across the Tigris River, as part of a tactic to keep civilians as human shields, according to the United Nations.\nFILE - Internally displaced Syrians who fled Raqqa city rest near sheep in northern Raqqa province, Syria, Feb. 6, 2017.\nGuterres called on all sides of the conflict to allow humanitarian workers to reach the suffering civilians who are \u201ctrapped and face threats from every direction.\"\n\u201cIt is critical for all parties [to the conflict] to facilitate improved humanitarian access to allow aid to reach those in urgent need of life-saving assistance without delay,\u201d he said.\nThe U.S.-led coalition now controls four neighborhoods in Raqqa and is advancing around the city\u2019s southern border in order to fully encircle the remaining IS fighters.\nThe coalition began its mission to liberate the city from IS control two weeks ago. IS has controlled the city since 2014.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Internally displaced Syrians who fled Raqqa city rest near sheep in northern Raqqa province, Syria, Feb. 6, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/FF0146F1-B6AD-427B-BCE3-94B328795C31.jpg",
        "id": "9013_3",
        "answer": [
            "hospitals and schools"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Syrians",
            "displaced"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_21_3909998",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_21_3909998_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What are the people in the image trying to do?",
        "context": "Malaysia Sending Troops to Somalia on Aid Mission\nMalaysia is sending troops to Somalia as part of the humanitarian mission to avert famine and save the lives of thousands of people, Somali government officials and diplomats said on Saturday.\n\u201cI can confirm the report and the details will be given when the delegation led by Somali Deputy Prime Minister Mohamed Omar Arte, which has been visiting Malaysia, returns to the country,\u201d Somalia\u2019s information minister, Mohamed Abdi Hayir Mareye, told VOA Somali.\nAddressing the media in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysian Defense Minister Datuk Seri Hishammuddin said his country will send three officers and 17 personnel from the Armed Forces Medical Core to Somalia.\n\u201cThe infantry unit, consisting of an officer and 10 personnel, will provide security for the delegation. The food and medical supplies will be flown to Somalia by a Hercules C-130 aircraft,\u201d the minister said.\nThe minister said the troops, along with assets, will be mobilized from Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, where Malaysia stationed a small number of troops to help in the evacuation of Malaysians in Yemen. But many consider them as part of Riyadh\u2019s military coalition to battle the Houthi militia in Yemen.\nA Somali diplomat in the delegation, who asked not to be named because he was not authorized to speak about the issue, said the decision was reached on Tuesday following a meeting between Somalia Deputy Prime Minister Arteh and senior Malaysian officials, including the defense minister.\n\u201cDuring the meeting, the Somali delegates appealed to Malaysia for assistance in providing aid and the security of the access roads, and Malaysia immediately responded to the request,\u201d the diplomat said. \u201cMalaysia will also ask its allies in the Gulf and Asia to assist Somalia.\u201d\nSecurity help \nSomalia's parliament has asked nations in the region to work together to help the country secure humanitarian aid access to reach 6.2 million people affected by the current drought in the aid-dependent Horn of Africa nation.\nIn an extraordinary session held Saturday in Mogadishu, lawmakers, endorsed a resolution on the drought.\nSomalia\u2019s Information minister Mareye said the resolution puts the country into an emergency state in order to respond to the drought that threatens to turn into a full-blown famine.\nFILE - In this photo taken Feb. 25, 2017, displaced Somali girls who fled the drought in southern Somalia stand in a queue to receive food handouts at a feeding center in a camp in Mogadishu, Somalia.\n\u201cThe resolution asks the African Union Mission in Somalia and the troop-contributing countries, especially neighboring countries to help the Somali National Army to secure the major roads leading to the drought-stricken areas,\u201d Mareye said. \u201cIt puts the country into an emergency state.\u201d\nThe parliamentary resolution comes as a high-level delegation \u2014 led by the newly elected African Union Commission chairperson Moussa Faki Mahamat of Chad \u2014 was visiting Mogadishu.\nIn the city\u2019s presidential palace, Mahamat discussed the drought and security with Somali President Mohamed Abdullahi Farmajo and Prime Minister Hassan Ali Kheyre.\nFear of aid corruption \nSomali officials coordinating the drought response worry that aid supplies could be stolen, and they also are concerned al-Shabab still poses a threat to many areas in south and central Somalia.\n\u201cThere is a fear that the aid falls into the wrong hand, especially the areas where the government has no authority. And another fear is about security, and both are delaying any aid meant to the needy people in the areas,\u201d a government source told VOA. \nAl-Shabab, which has been trying to overthrow the Somali government for nearly a decade, has impeded access to areas hit by famine, making it dangerous or impossible for aid workers to reach those in need.\nPoorly equipped and mostly unpaid Somali National Army forces, backed by African Union (AU) forces, seized territory previously controlled al-Shabab, but both AMISOM and Somali troops say more soldiers are needed to secure rural areas and major roads between towns, where the militants often carry out guerrilla style hit and run attacks.\n",
        "caption": "Malaysian soldiers confer during an operation in Sungai Nyamuk, a village adjacent to Kampung Tanduo, Malaysia, March 14, 2013. A contingent of Malasian troops is now heading ro Somalia.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/4E7711E9-7A62-4382-B1C3-82800D82B94A.jpg",
        "id": "6808_1",
        "answer": [
            "avert famine and save the lives of thousands of people",
            "part of the humanitarian mission to avert famine and save the lives of thousands of people"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Malaysian",
            "soldiers "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_18_3771927",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_18_3771927_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the document in the image mean?",
        "context": "Britain Opens Formal Divorce Proceedings With Europe \nLONDON \u2014\u00a0\nBritain\u2019s decision to leave the European Union has been a divisive issue, but its passage has called attention to a question that many people of varying political persuasions around the world are asking these days: Has globalization been good for communities? \nThe process of leaving the European Union officially got under way Wednesday when British Prime Minister Theresa May triggered Article 50, kicking off two years of negotiations for what promises to be a lengthy, messy and complex process of ending four decades of engagement with the European Union. \nAddressing the British parliament\u2019s House of Commons, May called it a \"historic moment from which there can be no turning back.\"\n\u201cThe effect of European Union law is all pervasive, from constitutional level questions to the regulation of bananas and cucumbers at the bottom end of the spectrum. So, it is a mammoth task that will not be negotiated within two years. It will take a decade or decades to give full effect to EU withdrawal,\u201d said Jo Murkens, a law professor at the London School of Economics.\nAfter May gave her statement at parliament Wednesday, she received a stern warning from Labour Party leader Jeremy Corbyn, who called on her government to \u201cconsult the whole country\u201d in its Brexit negotiations and get a \u201cdeal that delivers for the whole country.\u201d He accused May\u2019s Conservatives of turning Britain into a \u201ctax dodgers\u2019 paradise.\u201d\nArticle 50\nThe triggering of Article 50 and the launch of Brexit negotiations is yet another milestone in what appears to be a growing war against globalism, a factor largely behind the Brexit movement, including by those who feel left behind and victimized by corporate cronyism.\nOne battle in that movement has been fought in the English city of Bristol, where a group of citizens, paradoxically including Brexit opponents, have begun to do their share to stop the flow of money and jobs out of the city, and preserve the local culture. \nWATCH: Luiz Ramirez video report\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nBrexit Kicks Off as Britain Triggers Article 50\nShare this video\n0:02:37\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:37\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 7.6MB\n360p | 12.3MB\n720p | 76.1MB\nIn Bristol, the strike against globalism and homogeneity began five years ago with the launching of the Bristol Pound, a currency whose value is equal to the Pound Sterling, but can only be spent in the city. \nFor local businesses like Roll For The Soul, a non-profit bike repair shop and caf\u00e9, it is about keeping money in the local economy \u2014 and quality of life.\n\u201cNot having the money that\u2019s taken in the city kind of siphoned off, going up the chain of command in some big corporation. It\u2019s about, you know, paying people for the labor that they do in the city that we live in,\u201d said Rob Wall, the shop\u2019s manager.\n\u201cIt\u2019s important to resist to some extent that kind of homogenization and every town or city looking the same, I don\u2019t see that as particularly interesting or particularly good for the people who live in any of those places,\u201d he said.\nMixed emotions\nWall and other backers of the Bristol Pound voted against Brexit, but with mixed feelings. He and others in Bristol say they want integration with Europe and free trade, but also a system that protects local economies and cultures.\n\u201cWe all value that stuff. Nobody kind of disagrees with it, but we don\u2019t have an economic system at a global level that\u2019s allowing it to flourish. So we have to make interventions and that\u2019s what we decided to do here in Bristol,\u201d Ciaran Mundy, executive director of the Bristol Pound enterprise, told VOA.\nBrexit is now a reality, and for Rob Wall, going it alone does not seem as scary as it did only a few months ago.\n\u201cWe don\u2019t yet seem to have seen the kind of enormous economic catastrophe that was predicted. That said, we haven\u2019t actually left yet. We\u2019ve only just triggered article 50, so how it plays out over the next few years, I don\u2019t know,\u201d he said.\nAcross Europe, uncertainty spread as the remaining 27 EU nations prepared for two years of deal-making that will encompass the thorny tasks of agreeing on a fair migration system, security arrangements, workers rights, and a new trade relationship.\n\u201cThere\u2019s no reason to pretend that this is a happy day,\u201d said European Commission President Donald Tusk to reporters in Brussels after receiving Britain\u2019s six-page letter that formally notified him Brexit is underway.\n\u201cWe already miss you. Thank you and goodbye,\u201d said Tusk.\nFor the time being and amid the uncertainty, the people of Bristol have spawned a revolution of their own. \n",
        "caption": "Britain's Prime Minister Theresa May signs the official letter to European Council President Donald Tusk, in 10 Downing Street, London, March 28, 2017, invoking Article 50 of the bloc's key treaty, the formal start of exit negotiations. Britons voted in June to leave the bloc after four decades of membership. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/DD31DE6B-BD52-4611-B93C-4FBDBD4813D6.jpg",
        "id": "30408_1",
        "answer": [
            "Brexit is underway"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "letter"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_29_3786395",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_29_3786395_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "How many people are in the same situation as those in the image?",
        "context": "Despite Signs of Hope, Millions Across Africa Remain at Risk of Starvation\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nVOA\u2019s Salem Solomon appeared on \u201cThe Correspondents\u201d program hosted by Mil Arcega to discuss the ongoing food security crisis in Africa. Below are some of Arcega\u2019s questions and Solomon\u2019s answers, along with additional information about this crisis. \nFILE - Displaced Somali girls who fled the drought in southern Somalia stand in a queue to receive food handouts at a feeding center in a camp in Mogadishu, Somalia.\nWhat\u2019s the latest news about food insecurity in Africa? Where is the situation getting better, and where is it getting worse?\nAnswer: There has been promising news coming from Somalia and South Sudan. The Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET) \u2014 a U.S.-funded body that tracks food insecurity around the world \u2014 releases regular reports on affected areas.\nOne highlight in their most recent update is the effectiveness of early detection of food insecurity and aggressive responses. Airdropping food to restricted places in South Sudan, for example, has helped decrease the death toll that would otherwise have occurred.\nHowever, about 4 million people have been displaced because of conflict in South Sudan, and humanitarian organizations warn that 45,000 people in the two counties in Unity State where famine has been declared, Leer and Mayendit, are still in desperate need of food aid. This is an increase of 25,000 people since just last month.\nIf assistance doesn\u2019t come, these areas could easily slip back into famine.\nA similar phenomenon is occurring in Somalia, where rainfall in May was better than the previous month. Still, the overall rainy season was 30 percent to 60 percent below a typical season, and farmers are struggling to keep crops alive.\nOverall, 3.2 million people in Somalia are at risk, 350,000 children are malnourished and 70,000 children are severely malnourished. Famine has been averted for now, but FEWS NET forecasts that much of the country will remain at Phase 4, which is defined as a food security emergency, through September.\nA general view of one of the biggest camp for people displaced by Islamist Extremist in Maiduguri, Nigeria, Aug. 28, 2016.\nIn Northeastern Nigeria, it was learned earlier this week that approximately half of the much-needed food aid never reached the victims of Boko Haram who are so badly in need. This occurred because of \u201cdiversion,\u201d according to a government statement, which is another way of saying it was likely stolen.\nAs a result, many of the 8.5 million people who need food assistance after fleeing the extremist group will be unable to get food.\nFood prices continue to spike, and the country is entering what\u2019s known as the lean season, which lasts through September. That typically means food hardship increases because the country is between harvests. The good news is that Boko Haram has been severely degraded, and attacks have decreased compared to the past few years.\nIt\u2019s become common to call these man-made crises. How does conflict exacerbate the food insecurity in these countries? Are terror groups taking advantage of the situation?\nAnswer: All four of the countries experiencing the most critical food insecurity \u2014 Nigeria, South Sudan, Somalia and Yemen \u2014 are either at war or under attack by an insurgent group. In this context, both large-scale and subsistence farmers have been forced to flee their land. This harms the countries\u2019 food supplies and makes what food is available that much more expensive. For example, a VOA reporter in Somalia determined that the price of a kilo of tomatoes nearly doubled within the span of one week. In the northeast Nigerian city of Maiduguri, staple food items, such as rice, maize, millet and sorghum, are 50 percent more expensive than they were last year.\nBoth terror groups and, sadly, government forces in some places have used food and access to food as a weapon of war. In northeast Nigeria, Boko Haram insurgents have occupied farmland, burned crops and destroyed irrigation systems. In South Sudan, government forces have prevented food from reaching rebel strongholds to starve the local population into submission.\nMeanwhile, in Somalia, the terror group al-Shabab has, in some cases, distributed food aid to people who are living in areas it controls. They have used this assistance as a way of recruiting young people and winning the hearts and minds of the local population. They want to be seen as the protector and use access to food to bolster this image.\nFILE - Sacs of sorghum are stored following the delivery of nearly 50,000 tonnes of US food aid bound for areas of Sudan affected by conflict, on May 26, 2015. in Port Sudan.\nIs the international community doing enough? What about the U.S.? How will budget cuts to foreign aid affect these efforts in Africa and Yemen?\nAnswer: The short answer is no, the international community is not doing enough. That\u2019s according to the U.N., which said earlier this year that it needs $6.1 billion to avert a hunger crisis in the four affected countries. By the beginning of June, only $2.2 billion had been pledged by international donors.\nIn the U.S., there has been some good news recently. Nearly $1 billion was added to the 2017 fiscal year omnibus bill in emergency relief for famine. This money will help.\nBut globally, there is a lot of concern about a perceived shift by the U.S. away from playing a leadership role in international aid.\nFor example, the Trump administration\u2019s proposed 2018 budget calls for cutting USAID funding by 31 percent and consolidating the program within the State Department. Some published reports have suggested that the budget would eliminate FEWS NET, which is the most important tool available worldwide for monitoring and sounding the alarm when food insecurity is about to occur.\nIn a hearing last week, the U.S. House Subcommittee on Africa discussed the famine response. Humanitarian groups voiced deep concern over the proposed budget cuts. In particular, Tony P. Hall, executive director emeritus at the Alliance to End Hunger, said he was very worried about the potential cuts.\nBut Congressman Chris Smith of New Jersey, a Republican who chairs the committee, said he was confident that these cuts will not happen as proposed. He stressed that Congress writes the budget, not the president.\nFILE - Displaced people gather at an artificial water pan near Habaas town of Awdal region, Somaliland, April 9, 2016. Across the Horn of Africa, millions have been hit by the severe El Nino-related drought.\nWhat are the other factors that contribute to food insecurity across the continent? What role do climate change and weather events, such as El Ni\u00f1o and La Ni\u00f1a, play?\nAnswer: People in each region we\u2019re discussing do not live with a safety net. That\u2019s in the best of times. If a crop fails or a rainy season doesn\u2019t come as expected, they risk starvation.\nThe effects of climate change have particularly impacted people in the Sahel region of Africa, which stretches from Senegal and Mauritania on the west coast to Ethiopia and Eritrea on the east coast. It has been well documented that the Sahara desert is expanding southward, and bodies of water, such as Lake Chad, are drying up. Countries are witnessing some of the hottest average annual temperatures on record.\nOn top of this, the El Ni\u00f1o weather pattern event of 2015 and 2016 caused a massive drought in Eastern and Southern Africa. Following that, La Ni\u00f1a, another weather pattern, resulted in worsening drought in some places and flooding in others.\nWhat we\u2019re seeing is people who are living on the edge, as many subsistence farmers in Africa are, being pushed over the edge by these climate events.\nWhat has VOA done so far to report about this crisis? How is the Africa Division covering this issue?\nAnswer: In launching the \u201cHunger Across Africa\u201d project, we hoped to provide a comprehensive look at one of the most important stories facing the continent right now. Months ago, we knew we would devote a good number of reporting and editing resources to covering this story. But we wanted to make sure our audience got the big picture along with the incremental coverage that we\u2019d provide through our daily reporting.\nWe have focused on explaining how food insecurity works based on the work of FEWS NET. We also wanted to provide an easy-to-access archive of coverage. So, we categorized stories by type (for example, root causes and solutions) and by country. And we created an infographic that provides \u201cat-a-glance\u201d details from one country to the next.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Displaced Somali girls who fled the drought in southern Somalia stand in a queue to receive food handouts at a feeding center in a camp in Mogadishu, Somalia.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/65F6844D-1B93-40AC-969C-0C0EB4401EC6.jpg",
        "id": "10586_2",
        "answer": [
            "45,000",
            "4 million people",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Displaced Somali girls",
            "displaced"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_24_3914156",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_24_3914156_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where has the person with glasses in the image frequently gone?",
        "context": "Will Iran's Alliance With Russia Last?\nAt Tuesday's funeral in Tehran of Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani, a key figure in the 1979 Islamic Revolution who later pushed for reconciliation with the West, reformist mourners not only chanted for the release of hunger-striking rights activists held in Iranian jails but also called for an end to their country's burgeoning alliance with Moscow.\nVideo clips posted on social media sites showed groups of mourners shouting \"Death to Russia\" and \"The Russian Embassy is a nest of spies\" as they passed Moscow's diplomatic mission in downtown Tehran. It was an indication of their fear that collaboration between Iran and Russia won't help advance reform.\nAfter the 1979 overthrow of the shah, \"No East, No West\" was a popular refrain in Iran, but in the past few years an alliance \u2014 at times shaky \u2014 between Moscow and Tehran has developed. Since 2014, Iranian-Russian ties have strengthened as the pair closely coordinated battlefield efforts to save Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, a mutual ally.\nFILE -- Russian Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu, right, and Iranian Defense Minister Hossein Dehghan shake hands during a meeting in Moscow, Russia, Feb. 16, 2016.\nA durable alliance?\nFor Iran, the cooperation has amounted to the most significant military engagement it has had with another country since the shah's ouster. Last August, Iran allowed Russia the use of one of its air bases for airstrikes inside Syria. The country's defense minister, Hossein Dehghan, has visited Moscow half a dozen times in the past three years.\nWith the city of Aleppo back fully in Syrian government hands because of brute Russian air power and Iranian-organized ground forces, questions are left hanging over the Middle East. Is the alliance between Russia and Iran durable now that Assad's survival has largely been assured? Do the two countries have common interests beyond Syria?\nWith the death of Rafsanjani, a backer of the Iranian nuclear deal and a proponent of more political openness, some reformers predict Moscow's and Tehran's hard-liners will reinforce each other in ideological hostility to the West. They see Iran embracing Russia as a counterforce to the United States, and Putin viewing Iran as a useful ally as he seeks to reassert his country on the world stage.\n\"For the past 10 years, within the upper echelons of power, Rafsanjani was the main protective shield for Iranian reformists and other similar factions currently out of power,\" according to Reza Haghighat Nejad of IranWire, a group of exiled Iranian journalists. He argues it remains to be seen whether anyone will be able to replace Rafsanjani as a brake on prominent hard-liners, who back closer Russia ties.\nAn early test of the durability of the alliance between Moscow and Tehran may come soon with a clash over the Iranian nuclear deal. Under that landmark accord reached between Iran and six major powers, the Islamic Republic agreed to curb its disputed nuclear activities in exchange for relief from international sanctions.\nFILE - Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump speaks at a rally organized by Tea Party Patriots in on Capitol Hill in Washington, Sept. 9, 2015, to oppose the Iran nuclear agreement.\nCriticism from Trump\nU.S. President-elect Donald Trump pledged on the campaign trail to \"dismantle\" the agreement, which was struck in July 2015. Critics have called it \"the worst deal ever negotiated.\"\nAnd Trump's nominee to head the Central Intelligence Agency, U.S. Representative Mike Pompeo, tweeted the day before his nomination: \"I look forward to rolling back this disastrous deal with the world's largest state sponsor of terrorism.\"\nSome Iranian hard-liners, who point to past Russian double-dealing, have publicly worried that Russian President Vladimir Putin could side with Trump in the event the incoming U.S. president decides to rip up the nuclear deal \u2014 especially if Washington offers, in exchange, recognition of Russia's 2014 annexation of Crimea.\nThose worries may be misplaced, say analysts. \"Russia has more financially to gain with the deal being in place, or at the very least the arms embargo being lifted in a few short years,\" said Boris Zilberman, an analyst with the Foundation for Defense of Democracies. \"They are lining up billions in arms deals.\"\nMichael Rubin, an analyst with the American Enterprise Institute, a research group, agreed. \"Russia wants the Iran nuclear deal to persevere,\" he said. \"The Kremlin recognizes the nuclear deal empowers Iran relative to the United States and its allies.\" \nRubin, who served as Iran country director in the office of the U.S. secretary of defense during George W. Bush's first presidential term, predicted the Russia-Iran alliance would outlast the Syria conflict. \"The warmth in ties between Russia and Iran has expanded beyond the short-term tactical,\" he said. \nFILE \u2013 Russian cadets pass an S-300 surface-to-air missile system during a military exhibition in St. Petersburg, Feb. 20, 2015. Russia announced later that year that it would deliver missile systems that Iran had contracted for in 2007.\nWeapons deals\n\"The Iranians hope to purchase Russian weaponry in a few years when the Iranian nuclear deal allows them to do so, and this will make more permanent the relationship as Iran becomes reliant on Russia for spare parts and training. We may very well be in a generational d\u00e9tente,\" he told VOA.\nStill, he added that \"the confluence of interests between Moscow and Tehran may not be permanent and that Putin, when it is in his interests to do so, could throw Iran under the bus.\"\nRussia and Iran have not been natural allies. \"Iranians hold a deeply rooted historical mistrust of Russia,\" argued Mohsen Milani, a professor at the University of South Florida, in an article recently for Foreign Affairs magazine. The mistrust dates to the period after World War II, when the Red Army refused to leave Iran, and has been reinforced by Russia's past use of Iran as a bargaining chip in its dealings with the United States.\nZilberman said, \"I don't think either of them trusts each other. It is a partnership of convenience and largely transactional. Many in Moscow view Iran as a partner but explicitly not an ally. They work together where their interests align.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE -- Russian Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu, right, and Iranian Defense Minister Hossein Dehghan shake hands during a meeting in Moscow, Russia, Feb. 16, 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/A67F6C52-E9B4-47C4-905C-69EA71A9AF3F.jpg",
        "id": "33339_2",
        "answer": [
            "Moscow"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Hossein Dehghan"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_11_3672455",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_11_3672455_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What are the people in the image going to become a part of?",
        "context": "Trump Administration Reaffirms Afghan Mission\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nTop U.S. officials are reassuring Afghanistan of continuing American support amid questions about President Donald Trump\u2019s commitment to the country.\nWhite House spokesman Sean Spicer said National Security Adviser Michal Flynn reaffirmed \u201cour continued support for Afghanistan and for our strategic partnership\u201d to his Afghan counterpart Tuesday.\nDefense Secretary Jim Mattis also called Afghan President Ashraf Ghani to \u201cdiscuss the enduring U.S.-Afghan strategic relationship,\u201d according to a Pentagon statement, adding that both leaders \u201clook forward to engaging again in the near future.\u201d\nHamdullah Mohib, Afghanistan's ambassador in Washington, also put a positive spin on the contacts, saying: \u201cOur relationship with the new administration is off to a very strong start.\u201d He said he was confident that the new White House \u201crecognizes the enormous value of its partnership with Afghanistan and the critical importance of having a strong ally in the fight against terrorism and in our volatile region of the world.\u201d\nIn terms of what Afghanistan wants from the new administration, Mohib identified \"a U.S. commitment to the fight against terrorism based on strategic goals\u201d and help developing Afghanistan's economic potential, citing the country's rich natural resources, particularly the mining sector that is just beginning to develop.\nHowever, some critics of the Trump administration\u2019s foreign policy question the strength of the relationship.\nFILE - U.S. military personal stands guard during a graduation ceremony for Afghan troops, in Lashkargah, capital of southern Helmand province, Afghanistan.\nBarnett Rubin, head of the Center on International Cooperation at New York University and writer of several books on Afghanistan said he\u2019s convinced that \u201cTrump does not believe in the mission\u201d but will keep U.S. troops there \"begrudgingly\" for a while to keep the government from collapsing.\n\u201cTrump policies in the U.S. and around the world will make the U.S. less and less welcome in Afghanistan,\u201d Rubin said in an interview with VOA. He cited Trump\u2019s confrontational statements about China and possible sanctions on Iran, saying they \u201cwill make it impossible\u201d for Afghanistan to reduce dependence on Pakistan.\nAfghanistan\u2019s trade with Pakistan has plunged over the last year while rising with Iran.\nThe Afghan government sees Pakistan as a major player in restoring peace in Afghanistan, but Rubin says \u201cAfghans who think he [Trump] will be tough on Pakistan to support the Afghan government are deceiving themselves.\u201d\nRubin said the U.S. president \u201cmay try to cooperate with Russia on its regional initiative, but then he has to cooperate with Iran and China too, and maybe with the Taliban.\u201d\nRussia, which had its own long intervention in Afghanistan, says it will soon host Afghan peace talks involving China, Pakistan, India, Iran and Afghanistan, but the invitation has not included the United States. Some experts say the Taliban has to be a player in the peace process to avoid failure.\nAfghanistan\u2019s strategic location in the heart of Asia is important because it\u2019s \u201cthe only country in the region that is friendly towards the United States and is willing to host U.S. forces,\u201d said Sherjan Ahmadzai, director of the Afghanistan Study Center at the University of Nebraska.\nThat would allow the U.S. to address \u201cany potential threat emanating from that region to which it cannot respond from offshore bases or ships in Indian Ocean or in Turkey,\u201d Ahmadzai said.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - U.S. military personal stands guard during a graduation ceremony for Afghan troops, in Lashkargah, capital of southern Helmand province, Afghanistan.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/850465A5-D35A-4EE0-8303-38E82748A470.jpg",
        "id": "2431_2",
        "answer": [
            "the fight against terrorism",
            "fight against terrorism"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Afghan",
            "Afghan troops"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_08_3715114",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_08_3715114_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the people in the image do?",
        "context": "Belgium Detains 4 People in Brussels Train Station Attack Probe\nAuthorities in Belgium said Thursday police have detained four people in connection with the investigation into the foiled bomb attack at a Brussels train station.\nThe federal prosecutor\u2019s office said the detentions were part of raids in Brussels, including in the Molenbeek neighborhood. There were no details about how the four people might be linked to the attack.\nProsecutor\u2019s office spokesman Eric Van der Sypt earlier identified the suspect in Tuesday\u2019s attack as a 36-year-old Moroccan native with the initials O.Z. who may have supported the Islamic State militant group.\nThe suspect had not been previously linked to terrorism, but Van der Sypt said investigators found indications he \u201chad sympathies for the terrorist organization IS.\u201d\nChemicals and other materials that can be used to make explosives were found in his home, where Van der Sypt said the suspect \u201cprobably made the bomb.\u201d\nThe device hidden in a suitcase failed to fully detonate and did not injure anyone.\nSoldiers shot the attacker, who died at the site.\nBrussels has been on high alert for more than 18 months since Islamic State militants based in the city carried out attacks in Paris that killed 130 people in November 2015. In March of last year, attacks on the Brussels airport and on the city\u2019s metro system killed 32 people.\nTwo suicide bombers killed 16 people at the Brussels airport and moments later a suicide bomb at Brussels\u2019 Maelbeek subway station killed another 16 on March 22.\n",
        "caption": "Police and forensic officers remove items during a house search in the Molenbeek district of Brussels, June 21, 2017. Belgian authorities said they foiled a terror attack when soldiers shot a suspect in the heart of Brussels after a small explosion at a busy train station Tuesday.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/AEE5B5D3-C27D-423D-A6AB-4F4402F9B74D.jpg",
        "id": "23398_1",
        "answer": [
            "detained four people in connection with the investigation"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "police"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_22_3911137",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_22_3911137_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who runs the place where the person on the left the image went?",
        "context": "Top US General Hears Turkey's Complaints About Kurdish Fighters\nISTANBUL \u2014\u00a0\nThe chairman of the U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff, General Joseph Dunford, met his Turkish counterpart Hulusi Akar Friday at NATO's Incirlik airbase in southern Turkey. Talks between the NATO allies reportedly focused on Washington's support for Syrian Kurdish militias in the fight against the Islamic State group.\nThe United States says it chooses carefully among Kurdish fighters when lending its support to Syrian rebels battling Islamic State. Ankara dismisses the Americans' arguments and says they are actively supporting the People's Protection Units, the YPG, whose fighters the Turks contend are terrorists group united with the outlawed Kurdistan Workers Party, or PKK, fighting against the Turkish state.\n\u201cTurkey has made its view on this organization (YPG) very clear,\u201d says political columnist Semih Idiz of Al Monitor, \u201cand any step back at this moment would entail a loss of face for the government in Ankara and of course indirectly for President (Recep Tayyip) Erdogan.\u201d\n'Ultimate issue for Turkey'\n\u201cIt is the ultimate issue for Turkey, and if there is no movement as far as Turkey's requests and demands, it seems that this crisis issue between the two countries will remain,\u201d Idiz added.\nU.S. Vice President Mike Pence likely will hear the same message when he discusses the fight against Islamic State on Saturday in Germany with Turkish Prime Minister Binali Yildirim. The two will hold talks on the sidelines of the annual Munich Security Conference.\nThe United States and European Union agree on the PKK, which both have designated a terrorist organization. Washington maintains its military does not assist the PKK but does support the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) a coalition of Syrian Arabs and Kurds that has proven itself to be by far the most effective force against Islamic State extremists in Syria.\nThe SDF is a multiethnic and multireligious alliance of militia fighters opposed to the Syrian regime of Bashar al-Assad, but its military leadership comes from the YPG, and that is what has drawn Turkey's intense opposition.\nA Kurdish fighter from the People's Protection Units (YPG) carries his weapons as he walks the streets in the northeastern city of Hasaka, Syria, Aug. 21, 2016.\nAnkara wants YPG sidelined\nSupport from U.S. and European special forces, along with American air power, has enabled the SDF to advance to within a few kilometers of Raqqa, the large Syrian city that is the jihadists' self-declared capital.\n\u201cThe bulk of the forces advancing on Raqqa are Arabs, but I say the bulk of the forces, not all the forces. The Arab and Kurds (of SDF) actually work hand in glove (together),\u201d British Lieutenant-General Rupert Jones said in a press briefing this week by the international coalition against Islamic State. \u201cAnd my expectation is, if the SDF is the assault force into Raqqa, that is how they will operate; they will work together in concert with each other.\u201d\nExperts say such comments are infuriating to Ankara, which has been intensely lobbying Washington to exclude the Syrian Kurdish militia from plans to capture Raqqa. Earlier this week, Defense Minister Fikri Isik declared Washington was moving closer to the Turkish position, after word came that the Pentagon is working on an action plan to defeat Islamic State, as ordered by President Donald Trump.\nAnalysts point out that Ankara has so far failed to provide Washington a detailed alternate plan to using the Syrian Kurdish militia.\nTurkey's Defence Minister Fikri Isik answers a question during an interview in Ankara, Aug. 5, 2016.\nRaqqa mystery\n\u201cThis is the big mystery, because obviously, to have an operation against Raqqa, you are going to need a massive amount of ground troops,\u201d said columnist Idiz. \u201cIt's not clear what Turkey is offering and how it's planning to make up for the absence of the YPG forces, should they somehow be weeded out by the American side. So none of this has been clearly spelled out.\u201d\n\u201cI don't think personally that the American side and the allies supporting the Americans are going to change horses midstream unless there is some guarantee on what Turkey can do,\u201d Idiz added.\nExperts warn Ankara is finding itself increasingly isolated over its stance of absolute opposition to the YPG and its political wing, the PYD. \u201cTurkey has a very weak hand,\u201d warns international relations specialist Soli Ozel of Istanbul's Kadir Has University.\nOzel, who says Ankara could temper its hostility, pointed out that Erdogan reaffirmed his position that the YPG is nothing but a terrorist organization after a meeting he had earlier this month with German Chancellor Angela Merkel.\nAnkara still has some cards to play with Washington, since Turkey shares a long border with Syria and U.S. forces depend on Turkish airbases for operations against IS.\nRegional experts warn Ankara could also play spoiler to U.S. military plans to capture Raqqa, by sending Turkish military forces toward the Syrian town of Manbij. The town was liberated by Syrian Kurdish forces from Islamic State, and any battle for its control could see the YPG pulling out of an offensive against Raqqa in order to defend it.\n",
        "caption": "The U.S. chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, Gen. Joseph Dunford, right, and Turkey's Chief of Staff Gen. Hulusi Akar talk during a meeting in Incirlik Airbase in Adana, Turkey, Feb. 17, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/AC9E5A31-04CB-43E0-A6C0-22ED7C83E47E.jpg",
        "id": "32795_1_2",
        "answer": [
            "NATO"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Hulusi Akar"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_18_3729907",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_18_3729907_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What do some think caused the death of the parent of the person on the right in the image?",
        "context": "Cause of Death a Mystery on Eve of Preval's Funeral\nAs Haiti prepares for Saturday\u2019s state funeral for former President Rene Garcia Pr\u00e9val, his death has taken on an air of intrigue.\nWhen the 74-year-old died March 3 at a suburban Port-au-Prince hospital, the cause of death initially was cited as cardiac arrest. But, in the Caribbean country where voodoo still is practiced, rumors of foul play arose.\n\"Many people are talking about the possibility of Pr\u00e9val being poisoned,\u201d District Attorney Danton Leger told a group of Haitian journalists in explaining why he\u2019d opened an investigation into the two-time president\u2019s death.\nAn autopsy was conducted this week at the request of Pr\u00e9val\u2019s widow, Elisabeth, in the presence of Leger and his deputy. Its results could not confirm cardiac arrest, more commonly known as a heart attack, though it ruled out a brain hemorrhage or stroke.\nThe body of Haiti's late former President Rene Preval arrives to the Sainte Claire hospital in Petion-Ville, Haiti, March 3, 2017.\nOn Thursday, Leger announced his office would seek additional testing on samples of Pr\u00e9val's heart and lung tissue as well as blood and urine. If his office could not find a lab in Haiti capable of performing sensitive tests to detect poison, the specimens would be sent to a foreign lab, he said. \"We want the tests to be performed as quickly as possible\" to tamp down suspicions.\nPr\u00e9val\u2019s body was to lie in state Friday at the Muse du Pantheon National, within walking distance of the national palace from which he once governed. He led the country from 1996 to 2001 and again from 2006 to 2011. He was the country\u2019s first president to win a democratic election, serve a full term and then peacefully hand over power to a successor.\nThe former president will be memorialized at a state funeral Saturday morning in the capital and later buried in his hometown of Marmelade in northern Haiti.\nPreval was a soft-spoken agronomist and champion of the poor and had a reputation as an honest administrator.\nFILE - Haitian President Michel Martelly, right, walks with former Haitian President Rene Preval towards an investors luncheon before the grand opening cermony of the new Caracol Industrial Park in Caracol, Haiti.\nHe was prime minister under Haiti's first democratically elected president, President Jean-Bertrand Aristide, for a portion of 1991, until Aristide was deposed by a military coup.\nPr\u00e9val exemplified \"compromise and efficiency\" as a politician, his friend and former justice minister, Paul Denis, told VOA. \"His flexibility was key to the relative success he enjoyed during his two terms in office. That\u2019s why people say that he was a smart and subtle politician.\"\nA defining moment of his second presidential term was the massive earthquake in January 2010 that killed more than 200,000 people and caused enormous damage to the impoverished nation. The president oversaw the beginning of efforts to rebuild his shattered country, but also faced criticism for a lack of leadership during the crisis.\n",
        "caption": "Former Haitian President Michel Martelly, left, comforts Patricia Preval, the daughter of Haiti's late former President Rene Preval, at the Sainte Claire hospital in Petion-Ville, Haiti, March 3, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/E1ECBC62-1F8A-4E07-BA59-7F0F91F68EAD.jpg",
        "id": "22335_1",
        "answer": [
            "poisoned",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Patricia Preval",
            "Pr\u00e9val"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_10_3760367",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_10_3760367_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who did the speaker in the image think the discussion about the law was a good example for?",
        "context": "US House Approves Health Care Bill\nThe U.S. House of Representatives has passed a Republican bill to repeal and replace large parts of the nation\u2019s health care law, giving President Donald Trump his first major legislative victory.\nSix weeks after it was left for dead, the American Health Care Act, was approved Thursday by a narrow 217-213 margin, the first step toward fulfilling a nearly seven-year Republican promise to replace the Affordable Care Act, former President Barack Obama\u2019s signature domestic achievement.\nPresident Donald Trump tweeted that \"the Republicans will be having a big press conference\" at the White House after the vote.\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTrump: \u2018Make No Mistake, This is Repeal and Replace of Obamacare\u2019\nShare this video\n0:01:07\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:07\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 3.4MB\n360p | 5.0MB\n480p | 25.7MB\nThe bill now goes to the Senate, where its fate is far from certain.\nThe bill was approved after it was amended Wednesday to add a modest $8 billion dollars to help people with pre-existing health conditions. After negotiating the terms of the amendment with President Trump at the White House, two prominent moderate Republicans, Fred Upton and Billy Long, reversed course and threw their support behind their party's health care bill.\nRep. Billy Long, second from right, speaks to reporters outside the White House in Washington, May 3, 2017. From left are, Rep. Michael Burgess, Rep. Fred Upton, R-Mich., and Rep. Greg Walden.\nUpton's reversal was particularly significant because he is a respected voice on health care issues and former chairman of the House Energy and Commerce Committee.\nSeveral other Republican lawmakers subsequently followed suit, as Trump worked \u201cthe phone constantly\" in attempts to garner more support, White House spokesman Sean Spicer said Wednesday.\nBefore the vote, Republican Congressman David Brat was asked if he was concerned millions of Americans could become financially insolvent if they lost medical coverage, as the non-partisan Congressional Budget Office (CBO) predicted would occur if an earlier version of the bill became law.\n\u201cI have major concerns about people going broke because this country has turned toward socialism away from free markets,\u201d Brat said.\nFILE - House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi of Calif. speaks during a news conference on Capitol Hill in Washington, March 23, 2017.\nHouse minority leader Nancy Pelosi described the pre-vote debate as a \u201cgreat civics lesson for America\u201d at her weekly news briefing.\n\u201cThey will find out their congressperson voted to gut key protections. Trumpcare destroys protections for pre-existing conditions\" and \u201cguts essential health benefits such as maternity care, prenatal, prescription drug and emergency coverage.\u201d \nDuring debate, Pelosi warned lawmakers who supported the bill they \"have walked the plank from moderate to radical\" and they would find it difficult to avoid unwanted attention in their home districts. \"You will glow in the dark on this one,\" she said.\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nRyan: 'We Still Have A Lot Of Work To Do'\nShare this video\n0:00:34\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:34\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 1.8MB\n360p | 2.9MB\n480p | 12.7MB\nThe Republican bill, the American Health Care Act, was passed despite expected opposition from every Democrat and more than a dozen Republicans. Numerous organizations representing patients, doctors and hospitals lobbied against the bill, as did the American Association of Retired People. \nThe debate centered on an amendment that would give states the ability to apply for exemptions from \"essential\" benefits in the current law, such as emergency and maternity care, and from uniform insurance rate requirements for people of the same age -- regardless of their health conditions.\n\"Let\u2019s return power from Washington to the states,\" House Speaker Paul Ryan said during the debate.\nThese waivers would allow insurers to charge people with pre-existing illnesses significantly higher rates than heathy customers. Insurers would also be able to hike prices for older consumers to levels they desire and ignore the mandate that requires insurers to cover services considered essential under the current law.\nIt is not publicly known at this time how many states would seek waivers.\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nHouse Floor as the Health Care Bill is Approved\nShare this video\n0:00:18\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:18\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 986.0kB\n360p | 1.5MB\n480p | 7.6MB\nThe Republican bill would eliminate tax penalties on people who don\u2019t buy medical insurance and eliminate tax increases on higher earning people. It would cut Medicaid, a social health care program for low income people, and allow states to impose work requirements on Medicaid recipients.\nThe measure would transform subsidies partially based on income for millions of people buying insurance under the current law, the Affordable Care Act, into tax credits that rise with consumers\u2019 ages.\nThe bill would retain the current law\u2019s requirement that family policies cover grown children until age 26.\nIt would end federal payments to Planned Parenthood for one year, a victory for many anti-abortion Republicans.\nThe current law, commonly known as Obamacare, provides health insurance to about 20 million Americans.\nThe non-partisan CBO estimated last month the Republican bill would eliminate coverage for 24 million people over a decade. The CBO also concluded the bill\u2019s subsidies would be less generous for many Americans, particularly lower income people and those under 65 but who still qualify for Medicare due to certain disabilities.\nA CBO estimate for the cost of the latest version of the Republican bill was not ready before Thursday\u2019s House approval.\nApproval of the bill came one day before the House goes on an 11-day recess.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi of Calif. speaks during a news conference on Capitol Hill in Washington, March 23, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D160958D-8CD5-48BD-A2F3-B2A0AA59A52B.jpg",
        "id": "26361_3",
        "answer": [
            "America"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_04_3837344",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_04_3837344_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What act did the tall person in the image float?",
        "context": "Philippine President Alleges China Threatened War\nPhilippine leader Rodrigo Duterte says Chinese President Xi Jinping threatened him with war if the Philippines begins drilling for oil in a disputed part of the South China Sea.\nDuterte said Friday in Manila that Xi gave him a firm but friendly warning when they met in Beijing on Monday. The Philippine head of state said he told Xi his island nation intended to enforce an international arbitration ruling and begin searching for oil in a part of the South China Sea that Beijing claims as its exclusive property.\nParaphrasing his conversation with Xi, Duterte said he told the Chinese president: \u201cWe intend to drill [for] oil there. If it's yours, well, that's your view; but my view is, I can drill the oil, if there is some inside the bowels of the Earth, because it's ours.\u201d\nDuterte's speech Friday appeared to be intended to silence domestic critics who have accused him of failing to press the maritime territorial dispute.\nHe continued with his account of the meeting with Xi: \u201cHis response to me [was], \u2018We're friends. We don't want to quarrel with you. We want to maintain the present warm relationship. But if you force the issue, we'll go to war.\u2019 \u201d\nFILE - In this April 21, 2017, photo, an airstrip and buildings on China's man-made Subi Reef in the Spratly chain of islands in the South China Sea are seen from a Philippine Air Force C-130.\nAccount may upset China\nPolitical observers said Duterte's frank account of the conversation in the Chinese capital could infuriate China.\nIronically, the Philippine president's remarks came on the same day that China and the Philippines opened talks on the mainland aimed at resolving their South China Sea dispute. The two sides said they agreed to seek \u201cmutually acceptable approaches\u201d to settling disputes that divided them.\nThe talks in Guiyang, in southwestern China, included discussion of the arbitration ruling last year that invalidated Beijing's sweeping claims of South China Sea sovereignty. The Philippines' ambassador to China, Jose Santiago Romana, said the delegates \u201ctouched on it [but] didn't dwell on it.\u201d\nOfficials meet in Beijing\nAnd in Beijing Friday, Chinese Premier Li Keqiang met with a senior political figure from the Philippines, House Speaker Pantaleon Alvarez, and called for continued improvement of the two nations' relations.\nThe ruling last July by the Permanent Court of Arbitration in The Hague voided China's claim to almost all of the South China Sea and declared China had infringed on the traditional rights of Philippine fishing boats in the area.\nChina has ignored the ruling and insisted that any maritime disputes in the area must be resolved bilaterally, by the countries directly concerned, not through international bodies.\n",
        "caption": "Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte, left, and Chinese President Xi Jinping pose for photographers prior to their meeting held on the sidelines of the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, May 15, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/C843BBC7-DBEF-46A1-8168-EA0B57B4026E.jpg",
        "id": "24997_1",
        "answer": [
            "war"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Chinese President Xi Jinping"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_19_3862678",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_19_3862678_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person with the handbag in the image doing?",
        "context": "Senate Democrats Protest Trump Education Nominee\nCAPITOL HILL \u2014\u00a0\nDemocrats remained in control of the U.S. Senate floor Tuesday as they staged a 24-hour protest against President Donald Trump\u2019s education secretary nominee, Betsy DeVos, in what has become a battle of competing visions for publicly-funded education in America.\nTwo Republicans have joined a united Democratic caucus in opposition to DeVos, a wealthy businesswoman who has never served as a teacher but is a leading proponent of forcing public schools to compete with private ones for resources by allowing families to use public funding vouchers to send their children to the school of their choice.\nA split 50-50 Senate vote on DeVos is expected Tuesday. If that happens, Vice President Mike Pence would cast the tie-breaking vote to confirm DeVos \u2014 a development that would be unprecedented for a presidential Cabinet nomination.\nPresident-elect Donald Trump, left, and Betsy DeVos, right, pose for photographs at Trump National Golf Club Bedminster's clubhouse in Bedminster, N.J.\n\"Democrats will hold the floor for the next 24 hours, until the final vote, to do everything we can to persuade just one more Republican to join us,\" announced Democrat Patty Murray of Washington state at the start of the extended talk-a-thon on the Senate floor.\nRepublican support\nThe Democrats' quest is complicated, as dozens of Republican senators are on record supporting DeVos, and none are likely to change their minds based on pressure \u2014 however long-winded \u2014 from the opposing political party.\nFor instance, Senator Pat Toomey of Pennsylvania, a moderate Republican courted by Democrats to vote against DeVos, issued a statement last week praising the nominee for working to ensure \"that poor children trapped in failing schools have the same opportunities that wealthy and middle-class kids already have.\"\nBut where Republicans see a pioneering champion for competition and free-market incentives in education, Democrats see the leader of a plot to siphon off already-scarce public funds and hollow out America's public education system, which currently serves roughly nine of every 10 students in the country.\nIn this image from Senate Television, Sen. Elizabeth Warren, D-Mass., speaks on the floor of the U.S. Senate in Washington, about the nomination of Betsy DeVos to be education secretary, Feb. 6, 2017.\n\"The response to a troubled [public] school should not be to walk away from it in favor of sketchy voucher schemes,\" said Democratic Senator Chris Van Hollen of Maryland. \"Instead, we must work together to provide the necessary resources and interventions to help those schools and those students achieve success.\"\nVoters weigh in\nCapitol switchboards have been swamped by phone calls from voters across the country attempting to reach their senators and voice either opposition or support for DeVos. Van Hollen said his office has received 14,000 calls from Maryland, a relatively small state, on the education nominee. The majority have been against DeVos, according to the senator.\nThe 24-hour floor action is the latest attempt by Democrats to slow or derail Trump\u2019s Cabinet picks. Republicans can confirm them all, with or without Democratic support, so long as they remain united behind the nominees.\nLast week, Republicans Susan Collins of Maine and Lisa Murkowski of Alaska announced their opposition to DeVos \u2014 the first crack in what has been unified Republican backing for the president's Cabinet choices.\n",
        "caption": "President-elect Donald Trump, left, and Betsy DeVos, right, pose for photographs at Trump National Golf Club Bedminster's clubhouse in Bedminster, N.J.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/A2CB0354-64E6-4429-BCE5-4C81C82B98DA.jpg",
        "id": "10977_2",
        "answer": [
            "forcing public schools to compete with private ones",
            "forcing public schools to compete with private ones for resources by allowing families to use public funding vouchers to send their children to the school of their choice",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Betsy DeVos",
            "DeVos"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_06_3708557",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_06_3708557_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the people in he image make?",
        "context": "Rascal Flatts Look to Young Songwriters for Big Hits\nNASHVILLE, TENNESSEE \u2014\u00a0\nEarly on in their career, the country group Rascal Flatts often dealt with critics of their pop-country sound and being labeled a country music boy band. Bassist and producer Jay DeMarcus noted that one early review referred to their music as \"bouncy, bouncy, flop.''\nSeventeen years later with the release of their 10th studio album, \"Back to Us,'' the trio of DeMarcus, Gary LeVox and Joe Don Rooney say they've adapted their material to fit their lives.\n\"As husbands and fathers and everything, you have to write appropriate material and find appropriate material for where you are,'' said DeMarcus.\n\"And not cutting as many songs about kicking at the club with the fellas,'' LeVox joked. \"One song is called 'In Bed By 7.''\nStill the group that has had several platinum records and No. 1 hits relies on young songwriters and artists to keep their music sounding fresh.\nFILE - Singer Meghan Trainor poses for a portrait in New York to promote her new hit single, \"No,\" March 9, 2016.\nGrammy-winning pop singer Meghan Trainor's earliest success as a songwriter came when she contributed to two songs on Rascal Flatts' 2014 album, including the single \"I Like the Sound of That.''\n\"Back to Us,'' out May 19, has songs co-written by Shay Mooney of the rising duo Dan + Shay, a duet with 22-year-old \"American Idol'' alum Lauren Alaina and a song written by powerhouse performer Chris Stapleton.\n\"I think it's important for all of us to help a younger generation of country music artists come along,'' said DeMarcus. \"And I think the more they have success, the more success there is for all of us. It's really synergistic from that standpoint.''\nBut he joked that the band's relationship with Dan + Shay was more like an internship than a mentorship.\n\"We made an agreement with Shay early on right when they got signed, if they were going to steal our sound, we had to get first pick of the songs he was writing,'' DeMarcus said.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Joe Don Rooney, from left, Gary LeVox, and Jay DeMarcus, of Rascal Flatts, arrive at the 51st annual Academy of Country Music Awards in Las Vegas, April 3, 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/C87EAEFD-165A-4CEF-A7C9-31D037654C81.jpg",
        "id": "11707_1",
        "answer": [
            "their 10th studio album",
            "10th studio album, \"Back to Us,''",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Rascal Flatts",
            "DeMarcus, Gary LeVox and Joe Don Rooney"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_10_3846799",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_10_3846799_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What acronym describes the community which the men in the image, who are being arrested, belong to?",
        "context": "Amid Rising Islamist Politics, Indonesia Prepares for More Stringent Ramadan\nJAKARTA, INDONESIA \u2014\u00a0\nRamadan, the Muslim holy month of fasting that starts Friday, has typically been a relaxed affair in the world\u2019s most populous Muslim country, Indonesia. But in the last few years there has been rising intolerance against activities like selling food during daylight hours. This year, after a divisive election cycle that marked the first true emergence of Islamist politics in modern Indonesia, many are preparing for the most austere Ramadan in recent memory.\nThere has also been a spate of disturbing crackdowns on gay Indonesians and a suicide bombing attack Wednesday in an East Jakarta train station. Experts have speculated that at least one factor behind the former is a desire for high-profile value signaling before the holy month.\nA military officer inspects a bus stop damaged in Wednesday's suicide bombings in Jakarta, Indonesia, May 25, 2017. Indonesia's President Joko \"Jokowi\" Widodo ordered a thorough investigation of the network behind two suicide bombings that targeted police.\nMoral police\nFor at least the last five years, hard-line groups like the Islamic Defenders\u2019 Front (FPI) have staged unofficial sweeps of restaurants, bars and clubs they claim disrespect Ramadan, during which Muslims abstain from eating, drinking, alcohol and sex from dawn to dusk.\nLast year, a 53-year-old food stall proprietor in West Java was attacked by local officials for preparing food in daytime during Ramadan and forced to go into hiding. Jakarta\u2019s Chinese-Christian governor Ahok tried to stem these groups, which operate outside official legal channels. But Ahok was unseated last month after an election during which his opponent actively allied with Islamist groups like FPI and heavily promoted his Muslim identity. As such, the country\u2019s secular facade is dropping.\nThe emergence of Islamic majoritarianism means this year\u2019s Ramadan will be more strict on a societal level, said Alissa Wahid, national coordinator of the GUSDURian Network for social activism. \n\u201cEven though the police has repeatedly stated that sweeping won\u2019t be allowed\u2026 in the past they generally actually took a soft stand [with them], either helping or escorting the sweepings,\u201d Wahid said.\nAlthough Indonesia is an officially secular country that recognizes and protects six religions, Sharia-inspired bylaws have been on the rise in recent years \u2014 numbering about 440 in 2015, according to one researcher\u2019s estimate.\nPolice officers escort men arrested in a raid on a gay sauna at North Jakarta police headquarters in Jakarta, Indonesia, May 22, 2017. Indonesian police detained dozens of men in a weekend raid on a gay sauna in the capital.\nMoral signaling\nBoth the police and the FPI habitually raid red-light districts and other sites of the sex trade before and during Ramadan. In 2011, FPI illicitly raided bars in Surabaya, East Java. That can be seen as a precedent for the last Sunday\u2019s bust of a popular gay sauna in Jakarta, where 141 men were arrested at a \u201csex party.\u201d Earlier in May, 14 gay men in Surabaya were arrested at a similar party and forced to have HIV tests. This week, West Java police announced a task force to target gay Indonesians.\nThe fact that all of these occurred in close succession is typical of the \u201cvirtue\u201d based crackdowns before Ramadan, said Dede Oetomo, a prominent gay rights activist. \n\u201cThere\u2019s very little social cost to it because few people vocally defend LGBT rights in Indonesia,\u201d he said.\nAlthough it had been on the books for two months, Indonesia\u2019s first caning of a gay couple for homosexuality, in the conservative, Sharia-ruled province of Aceh, happened Tuesday, adding grim context to the other raids.\nAnother twist to this turbulent month came in the form of a suicide bombing in an East Jakarta bus station Wednesday that killed three policemen and one of the bombers. Details are still emerging on the motivation behind the attack, but it adds to the chaotic feel of Indonesian current events.\nTerrorist attacks frequently spike during Ramadan as extremist groups interpret the holy month\u2019s imperative for heightened good conduct as a call to jihad.\nThe whole story\nHow the next month unfolds in Indonesia will be of interest. Bad news tends to monopolize headlines, and can distort the reality of most Indonesians\u2019 Muslim life. Islam has been in the archipelago for at least eight centuries and been absorbed into hundreds of local cultures. Indonesians have historically debated even the starting date for Ramadan \u2014 it hinges on a point about sighting the full moon \u2014 which points to the plurality of traditions that can be good-naturedly accommodated in the region.\n\u201cMy stall will be open for business all day every day, Ramadan or not,\u201d said Ahmad, an observant Muslim who runs a fried-noodle food stall in South Jakarta. \u201cI\u2019m not worried about any sweeping. I don\u2019t even care if Muslims come to eat here during Ramadan. It\u2019s just not important. For me, or,\u201d \u2014 he gestured to the row of vendors sharing the sidewalk with him \u2014 \u201creally any of us.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "Police officers escort men arrested in a raid on a gay sauna at North Jakarta police headquarters in Jakarta, Indonesia, May 22, 2017. Indonesian police detained dozens of men in a weekend raid on a gay sauna in the capital.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/8AAA286D-778A-494D-840C-34A1F4425DC5.jpg",
        "id": "105_3",
        "answer": [
            "LGBT",
            "gay",
            "FPI"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Indonesia",
            "men",
            "a weekend raid",
            "Police officers"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_25_3870543",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_25_3870543_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where specific part are the people in the image leaving from?",
        "context": "UN: 200,000 Iraqis Could Flee Mosul in Coming Days\nUNITED NATIONS \u2014\u00a0\nThe United Nations said Tuesday that 200,000 Iraqi civilians could flee an Islamic State-controlled part of Mosul in the coming days.\nThe Iraqi government on Thursday urged civilians in the Old City of Mosul to flee their homes and cross to safety on the other side of government lines.\n\"When they issued this new instruction, it represented a dramatic change and shift from the guidance that they had been previously providing,\" said Lise Grande, the U.N.'s top humanitarian official in Iraq.\nShe said there are three neighborhoods to the north of the Old City, as well as the Old City itself, where the civilians are trapped.\n\"We are deeply concerned about the safety of these civilians,\" Grande told reporters by video link from Baghdad. \"We feel those civilians are probably at greater risk now than at any stage of the entire campaign.\"\nShe noted that the evacuation notice was not compulsory, and that the Iraqi security forces would protect civilians who remained in the Old City.\nWhen the military offensive to retake Mosul began in the eastern part of the city last October, the U.N. feared an exodus of as many as 700,000 civilians. It did not happen, as a half-million residents stayed in their homes and rode out the fighting.\nBut when the army began liberating the western part of the city, residents fled at a much higher rate. Grande said 774,000 Iraqis have left Iraq's second-largest city, which has been under IS control since 2014. The U.N. is providing assistance to all of them, as well as the half-million east Mosul residents who remained in their homes.\nFILE - A girl ducks as she flees with her brothers in the al-Rifai neighborhood as Iraqi special forces battle Islamic State militants in western Mosul, Iraq, May 17, 2017.\nExpecting the worst\n\"Based on our own scenario planning, we are at the moment staring our worst-case scenario straight in the face,\" Grande said. \"Now we know that in the next few days, the next few weeks, an additional 200,000 civilians are likely to flee,\" she added, saying it would be difficult for humanitarians to cope with the number and speed of people moving.\nGrande said the number of people leaving western Mosul recently had spiked to 10,000 a day and had reached 15,000 to 16,000 on some days.\n\"We are, however, developing contingency plans for a worst case that would envision as many as 40,000 civilians leaving each day,\" Grande said.\nThey are arriving at humanitarian points where they receive water, food and medical care, before they are screened and then sent to emergency camps or find shelter with friends or relatives. Grande said the families who have made the difficult and dangerous escape report limited food supplies, as well as shortages of clean water and medicines.\nThe battle for Mosul is not over, but humanitarians already are making contingency plans for the next town the Iraqi security forces are likely to try to liberate from IS \u2014 Hawija, in Kirkuk province. The U.N. already has constructed eight emergency camps nearby and is building more in anticipation of that operation.\n",
        "caption": "Displaced Iraqi people who fled homes during a fight between Iraqi forces and Islamic State militants are photographed in al-Zanjili neighborhood, north of the Old City district of Mosul, Iraq, May 30, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/3EB2A056-9636-4F06-A3FC-B970D0065E73.jpg",
        "id": "21359_1",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "Islamic State-controlled part of Mosul"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Iraqi",
            "Displaced Iraqi people"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_30_3877942",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_30_3877942_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the profession of the person in the image with the jersey?",
        "context": "Review Shows Concussions Ignored in World Cup\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nProfessional football players are still not getting properly checked for concussions, despite a pledge by the sport's governing body. That was obvious from a review of footage from the games in FIFA's 2014 World Cup, the international men's football championship held every four years.\nThe review, published in the Journal of the American Medical Association, found that out of 81 head collisions there were only 12 assessments that fit the minimum requirements.\nCo-author Michael Cusimano, a neurosurgeon at St. Michael's Hospital in Toronto, told VOA, \u201cThere were only two collisions [where] I could be happy and confident that a proper assessment was actually done.\u201d\nAccording to the 2012 Consensus Statement on Concussion in Sport, of which FIFA was a signatory, players showing any sign of concussion should immediately be withdrawn from play and assessed by a health care professional on the sideline. But players in the World Cup only received that full assessment 15 percent of the time.\nMore than half of the time, an assessment was done on the field or by a referee or another player. And 26 percent of the time, they received no assessment at all, despite showing as many as three signs of concussion. Those symptoms include being slow to get up, disorientation, obvious disequilibrium, unconsciousness, seizure-like movements, and head clutching.\nThe impact of concussions can accumulate over years and may lead to trouble with memory, attention, depression, anxiety, and early onset dementia. In rare cases, repeated blows to the head over a short period of time, even mild ones, can lead to death.\nCameroon's Andre Frank Zambo Anguissa heads the ball during the Confederations Cup, Group B match between Germany and Cameroon, at the Fisht Stadium in Sochi, Russia, June 25, 2017.\nA concussion ignored\nThere was obviously something wrong with Christoph Kramer during the final game of the World Cup. The German player was struck on the side of his head by a shoulder and thrown to the ground. Following a brief assessment on the pitch, he was returned to play, despite showing at least three signs of concussion. After 13 minutes of strange, confused behavior, he was removed from the game.\nA referee later told the Gazzetta dello Sport, \u201cShortly after the blow, Kramer came to me asking: \u2018Ref, is this the final?\u2019\u201d The referee told teammates, but Kramer continued to play.\n\u201cHad he been injured to his knee and couldn't walk there would be no doubt that he would have been taken off,\u201d Cusimano said, \u201cso why are we treating people with brain injuries any different than people who have, say, a leg injury?\u201d\nIn response, FIFA soon created a policy to allow referees to stop play for as long as three minutes, so that players can receive an on-pitch assessment by health care personnel. But it is only at the discretion of the referee. This is not enough for Cusimano. He points out it was an on-pitch assessment that failed to catch Kramer's apparent concussion, and it takes at least seven minutes to properly diagnose the condition. So he wants to see mandatory assessments on the sidelines, just as the 2012 Consensus advises.\nGermany's Timo Werner heads the ball past Cameroon's Ernest Mabouka during the Confederations Cup, Group B soccer match at the Fisht Stadium in Sochi, Russia, June 25, 2017.\n'Whole world is watching\u2019\nFIFA declined a request to speak with VOA, but shared a written statement highlighting their recent rule change, and their participation in the most recent International Consensus Conference on Concussion.\n\u201cProtecting the health of football players is and will remain a top priority in developing the game,\u201d it said.\nResearchers decided to analyze the World Cup because of the size of the audience. Over a billion people tuned in. That means that the World Cup provides an opportunity to set an example for how to handle concussions. They hope that better policy at the premier sporting event might not just protect those playing in the World Cup, but those playing in little leagues too.\n\u201cThe whole world is watching,\u201d said Dr. Cusimano. \u201cFIFA has all the ability to do this properly.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "Germany's Christoph Kramer gets assistance during the World Cup final between Germany and Argentina at the Maracana Stadium in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, July 13, 2014. Kramer was hit in the face by Argentina's Ezequiel Garay's shoulder.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/1DA5C7AB-0D8A-48C2-BA90-5CA2C4587180.jpg",
        "id": "76_1",
        "answer": [
            "player"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Christoph Kramer"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_27_3918639",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_27_3918639_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the politician to the left's description of the purpose of the conference",
        "context": "China Inviting World Leaders to Forum on Fighting Protectionism\nBEIJING \u2014\u00a0\nIn May 2015, China convened a meeting of representatives of 56 countries to establish the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, against stiff U.S. resistance. This May, Chinese President Xi Jinping is inviting heads of several countries in Asia, Europe and the American continent for a meeting in Beijing under the name of One Belt, One Road (OBOR) Forum.\nChinese officials and experts have made it clear the May meeting's purpose goes beyond OBOR because they want it to discuss the rising specter of protectionism in different countries, including the United States. China is also trying to raise and consolidate international opinion against actions by U.S. President Donald Trump, who is expected to impose restrictions on Chinese goods and investments, independent analysts said.\n\"The upcoming forum will be a major event for China's diplomacy in 2017. It is set to discuss plans for future cooperation of the involved countries and organizations, explore ways to address regional and global economic problems, and generate fresh energy for interconnected development,\" Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi said.\nFILE - Japanese Foreign Minister Fumio Kishida, center, watches as Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi, left, shakes hands with South Korean Foreign Minister Yun Byung-se after the press conference following the trilateral meeting in Tokyo, Aug. 24, 2016.\nGoal post\nAnalysts said China has sensed an opportunity to grab a leadership role after Trump's comments and actions caused uncertainties in European markets, and voices of resentment emerged from some countries like Australia, after his talks with their leaders.\nThe forum is also part of China's efforts to enhance international business and political ties out of fear of a debilitating trade war with the United States that might occur if Trump goes ahead with his election promises to impose a high duty on Chinese goods, and restrict investments from China, they said.\nPresident Donald Trump speaks during a joint news conference with Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, in the East Room of the White House in Washington, Feb. 10, 2017.\n\"Trade war with the United States will be very bad for the Chinese economy. This fear of trade war is behind the move to expand cooperation and seek mutual interest with countries other than the U.S.,\" Jan Gaspers, head of research for the European China Policy unit at Berlin's Mercator Institute for China Studies, told VOA.\nRussian President Vladimir Putin is among the first to accept the forum invitation. British Prime Minister Teressa May's office has said she will soon visit China, which is being read in Beijing as confirmation that she will attend the forum. China's new friend, Philippine President Rodrigo D\u00e9tente, who chairs the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN), has also promised to attend. China expects heads of more than two dozen governments to attend.\nChinese authorities want to turn OBOR or the Silk Road program into a diplomatic tool. \"The future of globalization and the world economy are extremely uncertain. And the forum in May will reinforce confidence in the world economy,\" the official media quoted Chu Yin, associate professor at the University of International Relations, as saying.\nFILE - A map illustrating China's silk road economic belt and the 21st century maritime silk road, or the so-called \"One Belt, One Road\" megaproject, is displayed at the Asian Financial Forum in Hong Kong, China, Jan. 18, 2016.\nBai Gao, a sociology professor at the Duke University took a somewhat different view. \"I don't see the purpose of this gathering is to raise voices against Trump's actions. Rather, I guess the purpose of this gathering is to build consensus on free trade and raise voices against protectionism,\" he said. .\nRoad to everywhere\nChina's Ministry of Commerce recently said Chinese companies have invested $24.19 billion in 77 \"economic cooperation zones\", which are industrial areas, in 36 countries. These zones covered 1,522 foreign companies and played a positive role in \"the development of bilateral trade and economic relationship\".\nAnalysts say industrial investments are are foreign policy tools for China.\nBeijing launched a $10 billion fund for industrial development in Latin America in 2015, and followed it up last year with a $11 billion fund for China-led development in Europe. More such announcements could be expected at the forum.\nFILE - Chinese President Xi Jinping and Ecuador's President Rafael Correa, right attend the opening ceremony to a two-day meeting between China and Latin American and Caribbean countries held at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, China, Jan. 8, 2015.\n\"The conference would be genuinely meaningful only if it is accompanied by commitments to more fully liberalize China\u2019s economy, instead of the usual promises of China handing out more money, much of which will go to Chinese state owned enterprises,\" said Scott Kennedy, director of the project on Chinese business and political economy at the Washington-based Center for Strategic and International Studies.\nMaking the magic work\nAnalysts say several European countries are uneasy about China using state power to aggressively promote Chinese companies instead of living up to its rhetoric about globalization and free trade.\n\"I do not see Europe being in a role that would allow China to take the lead in the global economic order without first complying to international standards on fair trade, environment and other issues,\" Gaspers said. \"Chinese are not terribly keen about promoting international standards. European countries are trying to find out how they can work constructively with China without giving up its standards\".\nSome analysts said China is complaining too much without taking account of its own behavior on trade and investment.\n\"Whatever the difference between Xi and Trump in terms of rhetoric, China still has far more barriers in place to foreign goods, services and investment than the United States,\" Kennedy of CSIS said, adding, \"The U.S. also lacks the kind of industrial policy that China wields to give an added advantage to domestic companies\".\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Japanese Foreign Minister Fumio Kishida, center, watches as Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi, left, shakes hands with South Korean Foreign Minister Yun Byung-se after the press conference following the trilateral meeting in Tokyo, Aug. 24, 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/3FD2D17D-00EA-4ED4-A754-EF4EC8F7D824.jpg",
        "id": "7730_2",
        "answer": [
            "It is set to discuss plans for future cooperation of the involved countries and organizations, explore ways to address regional and global economic problems, and generate fresh energy for interconnected development"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Wang Yi"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_13_3721944",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_13_3721944_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who has the woman on the right interacted with but the lady on the left has not?",
        "context": "EU-Tripoli Migrant Deal Ignores Political Chaos in Libya, Analysts Warn\nLONDON \u2014\u00a0\nAfter a summit in Malta Friday, the European Union agreed to a deal to support security forces in Libya to try to decrease the number of migrants arriving on the continent\u2019s southern shores. But analysts warn with such a move, the EU risks cementing political divisions within Libya \u2013 and aid groups have criticized the deal for failing to recognize the dangers faced by migrants.\nThe deal will see the European Union give $215 million to Libya's U.N.-backed government in Tripoli to improve the security forces and coast guard. German Chancellor Angela Merkel said the approach was tried and tested.\nShe told reporters that cooperation with neighboring states - the same approach that we took with Turkey in the Aegean - has to be the answer to fighting illegal immigration.\nEurope is banking on the internationally recognized government in Tripoli to implement the deal. But rival factions control much of the country \u2013 and they are not part of the agreement, says Luigi Scazzieri of the Center for European Reform.\n\u201cWhat is needed, really, is a broader deal that brings in other stakeholders within Libya as well.\u201d\nGerman Chancellor Angela Merkel, left, speaks with British Prime Minister Theresa May, right, as they walk with other EU leaders during an event at an EU summit in Valletta, Malta, on Friday, Feb. 3, 2017.\nAt odds with US \nThere is growing concern in Europe that Washington may switch its support to strongman General Khalifa Haftar, who is based in the east of Libya \u2013 though U.S. President Donald Trump has not signaled a change of policy. Again, Luigi Scazzieri says the EU might still change its stance.\n\u201cThat would put Europe at odds with the U.S. policy. So in view of that I think, it may become more and more tempting for EU leaders to shift towards a policy in Libya which is more compatible with the one that the U.S. may well take,\u201d Scazzieri said.\nEU leaders are divided on how to respond to Trump \u2013 and many voiced concern.\nBritish Prime Minister Theresa May \u2013 the first foreign leader to meet the new president in Washington \u2013 presented herself as a bridge between allies.\n\u201cCrucially, when I was there, I was able to confirm with him his 100 percent commitment to NATO,\u201d May said.\nMay left the summit early \u2013 excluded from the final session of talks on Britain\u2019s impending exit from the European Union. Relations are becoming increasingly acrimonious as Britain seeks bargaining power in the negotiations, says analyst Scazzieri.\n\u201cFor example, will it use security cooperation with the EU, will it attempt to use that as leverage or not?\u201d Scazzieri said.\nThe security threat was underlined Friday as an apparent terror incident unfolded in Paris. Security forces shot and seriously wounded a man as he attacked soldiers patrolling outside the Louvre museum.\n",
        "caption": "German Chancellor Angela Merkel, left, speaks with British Prime Minister Theresa May, right, as they walk with other EU leaders during an event at an EU summit in Valletta, Malta, on Friday, Feb. 3, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/C13C74C4-A655-428A-88D0-3DCD4ADAF735.jpg",
        "id": "22991_1",
        "answer": [
            "the new president in Washington "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "British Prime Minister Theresa May "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_04_3706189",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_04_3706189_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person with the black tie in the image do?",
        "context": "Veteran Reporter Compares Watergate, Trump's Travails\nBy Walter Mears\nIn Watergate, the smoking gun was a White House tape proving that Richard M. Nixon ordered a cover-up - the final evidence that forced him from the White House.\nIn the investigation of Russian interference in the 2016 presidential election campaign, the smoke hasn't cleared because President Donald Trump keeps shooting.\nThere may never be a smoking gun situation in this case, despite the inevitable comparisons between the Trump-Russia investigations and Watergate.\nAs someone who covered Washington in the early 1970s, I can tell you: For any parallels, there are also major differences.\nWatergate began, clearly, with a crime: the break-in at Democratic Party headquarters in June 1972. There is no such evidence of a crime in the Russia case, although Trump's Democratic detractors suggest investigations might find obstruction of justice.\nThey cite ex-FBI Director James B. Comey's reported account of a conversation in which Trump asked him to lay off the case of ousted National Security Adviser Michael Flynn over Flynn's Russia contacts, saying, \u201cI hope you can see your way clear to letting this go.\u201d Later, of course, he fired the FBI chief - denying that he did so to impede the Russia investigation.\nBut there has been nothing comparable to the tape in which Nixon agrees with a top aide to tell the FBI to \u201cstay the hell out of this.\u201d Three days after that tape was released in August 1974, Nixon resigned rather than face impeachment.\nThe Trump White House has effectively confirmed The New York Times account of his statements to Russian officials-that Comey was \u201ca real nut job\u201d and that ousting him had released great pressure he'd faced because of Russia - but insists they are being misinterpreted by his opponents. With that, and in this whole episode, they fall back on a tactic Nixon and his aides used in Watergate: Attack the disclosure of classified information rather than deny the substance. Since the administration controls what is classified, that is an all-purpose umbrella.\nThe Comey firing and what Trump has said since recall the Saturday night massacre, when Nixon dismissed Watergate special prosecutor Archibald Cox over Cox's subpoenas for White House tapes - the evidence that would eventually prove the cover-up. \nCox had been appointed in the first place because the Senate demanded a special prosecutor before it would confirm Nixon's new attorney general, Elliot Richardson. Richardson promised not to interfere with the prosecutor, and when Nixon ordered him to fire Cox, Richardson resigned. So did his deputy, before Nixon got Cox out and tried to abolish his whole operation. The president failed - Congress and public pressure prevented it.\nA new special prosecutor stayed on the job, his subpoenas were upheld by the courts, and Nixon was finished.\nSo the precedents were not promising when Trump fired Comey.\nTrump's action has not ended the investigation. It has, if anything, intensified it. Now there is a special counsel on the case, appointed by Deputy Attorney General Rod Rosenstein and bitterly denounced by Trump, who called it \u201cthe greatest single witch hunt of a politician in American history.\u201d\nAll of this has created an atmosphere not unlike the uncertainty and apprehensions of the Watergate era.\nIn Nixon's final months, top Cabinet officers feared that he would order military action abroad to ease his plight at home - or even to hold power. They told military leaders not to order action on Nixon's command without checking with them first.\nNow there is another season of mistrust, although it has not sunk to Watergate lows.\nAnd Trump has a political advantage Nixon did not. Trump's approval ratings are low, in the 40 percent range, but many of the people who voted for him are not moved by the controversies.\nIn some ways, he is not constrained by the rules that bind a more traditional leader. Nixon was a product of the establishment and the Republican Party- he'd risen through Congress and the vice presidency. So when Republicans turned against him in Watergate, it signaled the end.\nThat is less threatening to Trump. He can denounce and ignore defectors, and his loyalists will applaud the man they elected to break through - and break up - the ways of Washington government.\nThe real risk is in the investigations, the special counsel, the Senate and House committees probing Russian meddling and, perhaps, the courts.\nShould special counsel Robert Mueller, who served as FBI director for 12 years, push the Russia investigation to a point that threatens - or angers - Trump, the president has the power to fire him, too.\nThat would come with a price - a political explosion comparable to outrage over the Saturday Night Massacre. But the country is far more sharply divided than in Nixon's time.\nThe Democrats who talk about impeaching Trump ignore that and the numbers. Democrats were in charge when Nixon faced the impeachment charges that led him to resign. A Republican House impeached President Bill Clinton before the Senate acquitted him for lack of the required two-thirds vote.\nSo impeachment talk in this case is not only premature. Impeachment is politically impossible with Republicans in firm House control, barring disclosures far more explosive and incriminating than anything to date.\nThat said, the investigations and the controversy are going to go on, and Trump is sure to remain on the attack with his tweets and use of non-stop cable television, which did not exist during Watergate.\nWhen Trump was asked whether he'd tried to disrupt the Russia investigation, he snapped, \u201cNo, no, next question.\u201d\nThere will be many next questions.\nEarly in the Watergate investigation, Nixon declared that he would \u201cnever, never, never, never\u201d again discuss the case. He did, of course. He had no choice.\nJust as that case beset Nixon, so will this one nag Trump. And the president is not a man who yields to nagging in silence.\nWalter Mears covered government and politics for The Associated Press in Washington for more than 40 years. He received the Pulitzer Prize for his coverage of the 1976 presidential campaign. He retired in 2001 and now lives in Chapel Hill, North Carolina.\n",
        "caption": "This combination photo shows President Donald Trump (left) talks to reporters in the Oval Office of the White House, May 10, 2017, and President Richard M. Nixon, at his desk in the White House, Feb. 16, 1969.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/7600C9B5-C9E3-4556-9601-917B227E7D22.jpg",
        "id": "7021_1",
        "answer": [
            "ordered a cover-up"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Richard M. Nixon",
            "President Richard M. Nixon"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_23_3867331",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_23_3867331_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did people like those in the image do?",
        "context": "Indonesia: Militants Killed in Standoff Planned to Attack Police\nJAKARTA, INDONESIA \u2014\u00a0\nSix suspected Islamic militants killed in a standoff with police were planning to attack police officers in Indonesia\u2019s East Java province to seek revenge for the arrest of a radical leader, authorities said Sunday.\nThe men were cornered in a village in Tuban district Saturday after attempting to shoot a traffic police officer who was approaching them when he saw their car stopped along the roadside, said national police spokesman Rikwanto.\nThe six refused appeals to surrender during a standoff that lasted several hours and were fatally shot by police, said Rikwanto, who goes by a single name.\nOn Friday, counterterrorism police arrested three suspected militants who were allegedly planning to attack a police station in East Java. Among those arrested was Zainal Anshori, a senior figure of Jemaah Anshorut Daulah, an umbrella group of Indonesian extremists that claims allegiance to the Islamic State group.\nRikwanto said that Anshori had orchestrated Saturday\u2019s planned attack.\n\u201cThey had acted on Anshori\u2019s order as a revenge of his arrest,\u201d said Rikwanto, citing police interrogation of other arrested militants.\nPolice said they seized dozens of rounds of ammunition, several firearms, knives, jihadi books and a car used by the men.\nMuslim-majority Indonesia has been cracking down on militants since the 2002 Bali bombings by al-Qaida-affiliated radicals that killed 202 people, mostly foreigners. A new threat has emerged in the past several years from Islamic State group sympathizers.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Indonesian police stand guard at the site of a militant attack in central Jakarta, Indonesia, Jan. 16, 2016. Police say six Islamic militants planned to attack police officers in East Java, but they were killed in a standoff first. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/C67660D1-4B3B-4D55-87D7-45B510BA9CBD.jpg",
        "id": "5895_1",
        "answer": [
            "counterterrorism",
            "seized dozens of rounds of ammunition, several firearms, knives, jihadi books and a car used by the men."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Police",
            "Indonesian police"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_09_3802668",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_09_3802668_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who attends the event the people in the image are playing at?",
        "context": "Madrid Cafe Keeps Flamenco Spirit Alive\nMADRID \u2014\u00a0\nIn one of Madrid's oldest flamenco venues, a heart-wrenching voice commands attention as arms rise, fingers curl and feet strike wooden floors to the sound of gypsy chords.\nRenowned for showcasing artists at the forefront of Spain's flamenco scene for six decades, the family-run Corral de la Moreria attracts a nightly mix of aficionados and foreigners.\nPeople walk past Corral de la Moreria, a flamenco venue in Madrid, Spain, Jan. 16, 2017.\nHoused in a 19th-century building just steps away from Spain's royal palace, the venue's candlelit walls are peppered with pictures of visiting celebrities ranging from Paul Newman to Justin Bieber that were taken by the owners.\nOther visitors have included politicians such as former U.S. Presidents Ronald Reagan and Richard Nixon, musicians from 1970s hard rock band Kiss, songstress Mariah Carey and sports stars such as Brazilian soccer player Pele. Some have even taken to the stage to dance.\n\"Flamenco may have been born in the south, but Madrid is its capital,\" said Juan Manuel del Rey, director of Corral de Moreria and son of the founder, who opened the venue in 1956.\nGuitar players Jesus Nunez, left, and Jose Almarcha watch flamenco dancer Olga Llorente perform to their tune at Corral de la Moreria in Madrid, Spain, Jan. 16, 2017.\nRich and harrowing, flamenco is designed to stimulate all the senses, performed passionately by men and women and typically involving a fiery singer, dancer, guitarist and \"palmero\" who claps the rhythms.\nThe founder's widow, Blanca del Rey, is an award-winning flamenco dancer who made her debut at Corral de Moreria at age 14. She still scours Spain's flamenco festivals for top talent, handpicking the weekly program that includes a roster of celebrated artists complemented by Spain's rising stars.\nFlamenco dancer \"El Junco\" performs at Corral de la Moreria. a flamenco venue in Madrid, Spain, Jan. 16, 2017.\nSitting at arm's length from the stage, aficionada Eloina Martinez, 68, has been enjoying flamenco for years.\n\"This gives me life. If it weren't for flamenco, I wouldn't be the same,\" she said, swirling a glass of red wine.\n",
        "caption": "Guitar players Jesus Nunez, left, and Jose Almarcha watch flamenco dancer Olga Llorente perform to their tune at Corral de la Moreria in Madrid, Spain, Jan. 16, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/68D509B5-801F-4622-B747-2EB16F53EE28.jpg",
        "id": "1983_3",
        "answer": [
            "aficionados and foreigners"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Corral de la Moreria"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_18_3681925",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_18_3681925_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What caused concern to the man on the right?",
        "context": "Mattis: Syria Still Has Chemical Weapons\nTEL AVIV \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. Defense Secretary Jim Mattis said on Friday that Syria had dispersed its warplanes in recent days and retained chemical weapons, an issue that would have to be taken up diplomatically.\nThe United States launched dozens of missiles earlier this month against a Syrian air base in response to a chemical attack that killed about 100 people, including 30 children. \nIt said the Syrian government launched the attack from the Shayrat air base. The Pentagon has said that the strike had damaged or destroyed about 20 percent of the Syrian military\u2019s operational aircraft.\nAircraft gone from air base\nDuring a press conference alongside his Israeli counterpart, Mattis was asked whether the Syrian military had moved warplanes to a Russian base in Latakia.\n\u201cThey have dispersed their aircraft, no doubt. They have dispersed their aircraft in recent days,\u201d Mattis said.\nChemical weapons\nMattis also reiterated that the United States believed Syria had retained some chemical weapons.\n\u201cThe bottom line is, I can say authoritatively they have retained some (chemical weapons). It\u2019s a violation of the United Nations Security Council resolutions, and it\u2019s going to have to be taken up diplomatically,\u201d Mattis said.\nIsrael\u2019s military said Wednesday it believes Syrian President Bashar al-Assad\u2019s forces still possess several tones of chemical weapons.\nA senior Israeli military officer told Israeli reporters that \u201ca few tons of chemical weapons\u201d remained in the hands of Assad\u2019s forces, a military official told Reuters.\nIn a 2013 agreement brokered by Russia and the United States, Syria agreed to destroy its chemical weapons. \nThe Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical weapons, a global watchdog, said sarin or a similar banned toxin was used in the April 4 strike in Syria\u2019s Idlib province.\n",
        "caption": "U.S. Defense Secretary Jim Mattis (right) and Israeli Defense Minister Avigdor Lieberman attend a joint press conference at the Defense Ministry in Tel Aviv, Israel, April 21, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/9ACD1AA5-57C4-4A07-8119-D2FCDB142732.jpg",
        "id": "2838_1",
        "answer": [
            "chemical weapons"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Jim Mattis"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_21_3819756",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_21_3819756_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Between what countries might relations be helped by the work of the men in the image?",
        "context": "Terror Concerns Scuttle International Cricket Matches in Pakistan\nPlans for cricket matches between Pakistan and neighbors India and Afghanistan raised hopes that the sport could grease the wheels of diplomacy again.\nInstead, Pakistan, facing fresh accusations from its neighbors that it harbors terrorists, finds its isolation intensifying in the fallout from attacks that inflame cross-border suspicions and raise concerns about the safety of athletes and fans alike.\nMost International Cricket Council members have refused to play in Pakistan since a terror attack on Sri Lanka\u2019s team in 2009. Pakistan has shifted its international series to the United Arab Emirates, Sri Lanka and England since then. Only Zimbabwe visited last year for a short limited-overs series; Bangladesh refused in March to tour Pakistan for a proposed two-match series scheduled for July.\nA deal that was signed with India in 2014 for six series by 2023 fell apart this week amid rising tensions between the rivals.\n\u201cCricket and terrorism can\u2019t go hand-in-hand,\u201d Indian Sports Minister Vijay Goel told reporters Monday.\nAfghan Cricket Board President Atif Mashal on Tuesday defended a proposed cricket series with Pakistan in Kabul and Lahore, which had been criticized by Afghans on social media.\n\u201cWe have to keep politics and sports separate,\u201d Mashal told a news conference.\nSecurity forces stand next to a crater created by massive explosion in front of the German Embassy in Kabul, Afghanistan, May 31, 2017.\nA day later, after a suicide bombing in Kabul\u2019s heavily guarded Green Zone, Afghanistan pulled out of the matches. Officials there blamed the attack on the Taliban-linked Haqqani extremist group and accused Pakistan's Inter-Services Intelligence agency of complicity.\n\"In light of the findings of security services and calls by the Afghan nation, the ACB hereby cancel all kinds of cricket matches ...agreement with the Pakistan Cricket Board,\" Afghan cricket officials said in a statement.\nPakistan denied the allegations, and its cricket board accused the ACB of \"playing politics.\" Pakistan, however, has been isolating itself in the wake of a terror attack that it blamed on terrorists operating from Afghanistan, first closing border crossings between the two countries, then starting work on a border fence.\nPast cricket diplomacy\nJust as \u201cping-pong diplomacy\u201d helped thaw U.S.-China relations in the early 1970s, cricket has played a role in easing potential crises in South Asia for almost three decades.\nIn 1987, with hundreds of thousands of troops massed on both sides of the India-Pakistan border, Pakistan\u2019s then-military ruler, Zia-ul-Haq, boarded a plane and traveled, uninvited, for a test cricket match between Pakistan and India in Jaipur, India. Despite a cool reception from Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi, reports said Zia whispered something in Gandhi\u2019s ear that started them down the path to detente.\nAnother Pakistani military dictator, Gen. Pervez Musharraf, also visited India on the pretext of watching a cricket match which resulted in the resumption of stalled dialogue between the countries.\nThe real breakthrough came in February 1999 when then-Indian Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee rode a bus to Lahore at the invitation of Pakistani Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif. At a dinner reception, the venue echoed with applause when Vajpayee said, \u201cIndia and Pakistan are neighbors. We have to live together. We will not let the war happen. Our fields will no longer yield a crop of death.\u201d\nThe \u201cLahore Declaration\u201d emerged from this visit in which the parties pledged to avoid confrontation and pursue friendly relations. And Vajpayee cleared the way for the Indian cricket team\u2019s first visit to Pakistan in 19 years with 20,000 special visas issued to Indian cricket fans.\nVajpayee personally met with the cricketers before they left and gave them stern instructions, \u201cWin the matches and win the hearts as well.\u201d\nFILE - former Indian Prime Minster Manmohan Singh addresses a press conference.\nIn April 2011, former Indian prime minister Manmohan Singh took the initiative to invite Pakistani Prime Minister Yousaf Raza Gilani to a World Cup match in Chandigarh. The visit paved the way for talks at the home secretary level.\nAt the 2015 Cricket World Cup, amid an escalation in tensions, Sharif received a phone call from Indian counterpart Narendra Modi the night before the inaugural match between the archrivals.\nThey discussed cricket, and Modi hinted at resuming stalled foreign secretary-level talks.\nWhile there have been instances of sports being used as a political tool to cause embarrassment, cricket seems to have had a net positive effect in a region where it is so popular. With cricket apparently off the agenda for now, it\u2019s unclear what might provide the impetus for a breakthrough in relations between Pakistan and its neighbors.\n",
        "caption": "Watched by team mates, Pakistan's Mohammad Amir, third right, practices taking catches during a training session ahead of the ICC World Twenty20 2016 match against India in Kolkata, India, March 18, 2016. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/FA38757B-A471-46B5-888E-C266DD56E166.jpg",
        "id": "22915_1",
        "answer": [
            "Pakistan and neighbors India and Afghanistan "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "match"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_02_3884473",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_02_3884473_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What are the people in the image against?",
        "context": "Challenges to Contested Turkish Referendum Grow\nISTANBUL \u2014\u00a0\nChallenges are growing to the validity of Sunday's referendum in Turkey to extend the country's presidential powers.\n\"Referendum won by cheating,\" declared Osman Baydemir, spokesman of the pro-Kurdish HDP, Turkey's second-largest opposition party.\nAn HDP report on the vote said 2,462 \"No\" campaigners were detained and 453 jailed during the 85-day campaign. HDP's honorary president and deputy, Ertugrul Kurkcu, said the past two months were a \"total violation of democratic principles.\"\nKurkcu said the investigation revealed widespread abuse on voting day.\n\"It's obvious,\" he said. \"Fraud is extensive. Invalid ballots and envelopes were very widely deliberately used, as well as people forced to vote openly in remote districts and villages, using votes for people who are away from their homes, like construction workers or agricultural migrant laborers.\"\nFILE - A man casts his ballot at a polling station during a referendum Aegean port city of Izmir, Turkey, April 16, 2017.\nUnder Turkey's election law, all ballots and the envelopes they are placed in have to have an official stamp \u2014 a measure aimed at preventing vote stuffing. But on voting day, the Supreme Election Board sanctioned uncertified ballots.\nThe Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), which monitored the election, strongly condemned the move in an interim report Monday. The report also highlighted difficulties of monitoring voting procedures in the predominantly Kurdish southeast, citing cases of its monitors being temporarily detained by security forces.\nThe HDP, too, claimed its monitors were excluded by security forces from numerous voting stations in rural parts of the southeast, the center of renewed fighting between Turkish security forces and the Kurdish PKK.\n\"There is much greater presence of security forces in the region than there has been for many years,\" observed Emma Sinclair-Webb, a Turkey researcher with Human Right's Watch. \"We've seen pictures circulating on social media of people armed in front of ballot boxes, taking photos of those voting at ballot boxes. Of course, this could have had an intimidating effect on people voting, and this needs investigating.\"\nDismissing complaints\nOn Tuesday, the Supreme Election Board dismissed all complaints and calls by opposition parties for a revote. The decision was made in less than a day, despite calls by the European Commission for a full and transparent investigation. The ruling cannot be legally challenged and Prime Minister Binali Yildirim declared the issue resolved.\nThe referendum to turn Turkey from a parliamentary to an executive presidency was carried out under Emergency Rule and only narrowly passed by 51 to 49 percent of the vote.\nFILE - Turkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdogan delivers a speech during a rally a day after the referendum, outside the Presidential Palace, in Ankara, Turkey, April 17, 2017.\nPresident Recep Tayyip Erdogan, who led the \"Yes\" campaign, saw his traditional strongholds of Turkey's largest cities vote against him, including Istanbul and Ankara. The Kurdish region voted 40 percent yes, significantly higher than the support Erdogan's AK Parry secured in November's general election.\nThroughout his campaign, Erdogan courted the Turkish nationalist votes, taking a hardline against the pro-Kurdish right movements. He has presided over an unprecedented crackdown on the PKK since a collapse in the peace process in 2015.\nThe referendum vote is being interpreted by the presidency as a turning point.\n\"By making a very clear distinction between the Kurds and the PKK, President Erdogan and the government have won the Kurdish confidence again\" wrote Presidential adviser Ibrahim Kalin in Sabah newspaper.\nThe HDP acknowledged that all the voters the \"Yes\" camp cannot be explained by fraud.\n\"Under the circumstance, imagine a town already destroyed by military, the leadership of popular movement is crushed the people left alone,\" said Kurkcu. \"Face to face with the aggressors, under those circumstance, people have to make their decision before the barrel of a gun. But Erdogan won with fraud, and this referendum is stained by fraud.\"\nThe president and his government dismiss such concerns as belonging in the past, arguing it is time to look to the future.\n",
        "caption": "Supporters of the 'NO' vote, (\"Hayir\" in Turkish) participate in a protest against the referendum outcome in Istanbul, April 21, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/E624E312-34A4-4224-B832-1DE742537E4D.jpg",
        "id": "6802_1",
        "answer": [
            "extend the country's presidential powers",
            "extend the country's presidential powers.\n"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Istanbul",
            "referendum"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_21_3820641",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_21_3820641_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the man in the image think is a problem?",
        "context": "UN Presses ASEAN to Boost Cooperation as Islamic State Builds Regional Links\nBANGKOK \u2014\u00a0\nThe United Nations says Southeast Asia needs to put in place a comprehensive regional plan to combat a rising threat of violent extremism as Asian fighters return home from Iraq and Syria.\nThe call by the UN\u2019s Office of Drugs and Crime (UNODC) is set amid fears of growing cooperation between Islamist extremist groups, al-Qaida and the so-called Islamic State (IS) members in the region.\nJeremy Douglas, the UNODC Asia regional representative, said while Southeast Asian countries have improved collaboration and intelligence sharing, measures are ad hoc and inconsistent, especially in dealing with fighters returning from the Middle East.\nUnified policy against terror\n\u201cThe region itself doesn\u2019t have a strategy to deal with [foreign fighters]. There\u2019s some strategies at a national level to an extent but they are very inconsistent across the region, and the region itself doesn\u2019t have a strategy to deal with this phenomenon,\u201d Douglas told VOA.\nHe said it was important for ASEAN to develop a regional prevention of violent extremism plan that is subsequently tailored for each country.\nThe UNODC\u2019s call comes as the Commander of the U.S. Pacific Command, Admiral Harry Harris, added his concerns that the Asia Pacific faced a growing risk of attacks by IS group fighters returning to their home countries.\nWarning from US admiral\n\u201cIt\u2019s not a theory. It\u2019s real,\u201d Harris told a recent conference in New Delhi. \u201cIn the past year alone ISIL [IS] had made its murderous intentions clear in places like Bangladesh, Indonesia, the Philippines, and the United States,\u201d he said.\nFILE - U.S. Admiral Harry Harris, commander of the Pacific Command attends the opening ceremony of the Asia-Pacific multilateral military exercise known as Cobra Gold, at Sattahip Royal Thai Marine Corps Base in Chonburi, Thailand, Feb. 14, 2017.\nAnalysts say estimates of Asian fighters in the Middle East are around 1,000.\nAuthorities have succeeded in preventing others from traveling, bound for Syria and Iraq. But often fighters will journey to several countries before traveling to Turkey to avoid detection.\nTerror arrests on the increase\nIn the past year the UNODC says Indonesian arrests and deaths of terrorist suspects \u201cmore than doubled\u201d to 170.\nBut signs of the threat are still there. In January 2016, an attack in Jakarta was said to be the first IS assault with a suicide bombing that led to the deaths of four attackers and four civilians.\nFILE - Indonesian police stand guard at the site of this week's militant attack in central Jakarta, Indonesia, Jan. 16, 2016.\nIn July, an attack on a restaurant in Bangladesh by IS left more than 20 people dead.\nAlso in July a grenade attack at a nightspot in Kuala Lumpur\u2019s Puchong district left eight people injured amid warnings of further attacks.\nFILE - The Movida bar is pictured after a grenade attack in Puchong, on the outskirts of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, June 28, 2016.\nWhile some reports blamed the attacks on local gangsters, Malaysian authorities arrested 15 people, including two policemen accused of providing support to IS elements.\nAuthorities claimed the attack was carried out on orders of Muhammad Wanndy Mohamed Jedi, a Malaysian Islamic State fighter in Syria.\nSupport for terror groups is significant\nThe Jakarta-based Institute for Policy Analysis noted in a 2016 report, support for ISIS had deepened cooperation among extremist in maritime Southeast Asia, \u201cmaking it more important than ever for law enforcement agencies to have expertise on groups outside their own borders.\u201d\nThe report said specific attention is needed to focus on the Philippine region of Mindanao, especially among pro-IS groups with links elsewhere in the region.\nThese groups included the Basilan-based faction of the Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG); Ansarul Khilafa Philippines (AKP); the Maute group in Lanar del Sur and Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters (BIFF).\nFILE - Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte salutes flag-draped coffins of 15 soldiers killed in Monday's gun battle with Muslim Abu Sayyaf militants during his visit to Western Mindanao Command in Zamboanga city, in southern Philippines.\nThere may be an increase in militants coming to the region\nThitinan Pongsudhirak, a political scientist at Chulalongkorn University in Thailand, said military defeats in Syria and Iraq will lead IS fighters from Southeast Asia to return to the region.\n\u201cThey will start to conduct their operations elsewhere. This will be home grown self-help, lone wolf, \u2014 you\u2019ll see more of that. At the same time the organized fighters will return to their countries, including Southeast Asia,\u201d Thitinan told VOA.\n\u201cThis means that South East Asia will have to be ready and brace themselves for potential terrorist violence looking forward,\u201d he said.\nPast experience with terror\nBut Thitinan said Southeast Asia needs to draw on past experience in dealing with the threat posed by the Islamist terror group Jemaah Islamiyah (JI) over a decade ago.\n\u201cOverall, ASEAN has dealt with this before \u2014 with the Jemaah Isalmiyah and it was largely successful. Indonesia in particular. But overall the handling of the terrorist violence has been more individual country based \u2014 each country for itself rather than ASEAN wide efforts,\u201d he said.\nSoutheast Asian nations were galvanized after JI\u2019s deadly attacks, including 2002 bomb attacks on Indonesia\u2019s Bali island, which killed more than 200.\nThese were followed by JI linked bombings in 2003 at the JW Marriott Hotel in Jakarta and the 2004 Australian Embassy bombing, also in the Indonesian capital.\n\u201c[But] this round will be interesting because ASEAN is more divided now,\u201d said Thitinan, with countries faced with new leaderships and differing interests.\nHuman rights lawyer and author Banjamin Zawacki agrees that cross regional cooperation may be a challenge.\n\u201cIt is going to be difficult for Southeast Asian countries to come up with a collective policy to which all 10 countries [of ASEAN] are going to agree, because ISIS (IS) is so new,\u201d Zawacki said.\n\u201cEveryone still sees the region \u2014 as does the U.S. \u2014 sees the region and sees the various insurgents in the region as independent entities into which they hope ISIS [IS] doesn\u2019t make any inroads,\u201d he told VOA. \u201cBut there\u2019s no real incentive at the moment for combating or preempting ISIS [IS] in the region, where so far at least, its evidence is really minimal.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "FILE - U.S. Admiral Harry Harris, commander of the Pacific Command attends the opening ceremony of the Asia-Pacific multilateral military exercise known as Cobra Gold, at Sattahip Royal Thai Marine Corps Base in Chonburi, Thailand, Feb. 14, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/5E2BA14F-C94A-459A-9F6C-ACB9B954A211.jpg",
        "id": "32060_2",
        "answer": [
            "the Asia Pacific faced a growing risk of attacks by IS group fighters returning to their home countries"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Admiral Harry Harris"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_20_3731761",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_20_3731761_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the woman in the image doing?",
        "context": "Hollywood Icon Doris Day Turns 93, Oops - 95\nLOS ANGELES \u2014\u00a0\nTo Doris Day's many admirers, the pert and fresh-faced charmer who starred in \u201cPillow Talk\u201d and \u201cMove Over Darling\u201d is ageless.\nBut Day turns 95 on Monday - which is a birthday surprise to even the star herself, who has long pegged her age to a 1924 birthdate that would make her 93. Media outlets have variously reported her as between 93 and 95.\nA copy of Day's birth certificate, obtained by The Associated Press from Ohio's Office of Vital Statistics, settles the issue: Doris Mary Kappelhoff, her pre-fame name, was born on April 3, 1922, making her 95. Her parents were Alma and William Kappelhoff of Cincinnati.\n\u201cI've always said that age is just a number and I have never paid much attention to birthdays, but it's great to finally know how old I really am!'' Day said in a statement Sunday.\nShe's in excellent company with other vibrant Hollywood standouts lucky enough to reach that milestone year, including Betty White, a close friend, and Carl Reiner.\n\u201cThere has long been speculation and rumors about Doris' age and we get this question a lot, looks like we finally have the answer,\u201d said Day's spokesman, Charley Cullen Walters. \u201cThe story I have heard the most is that at one point Doris was up for a role when quite young and her age may have been miswritten on the audition form. We don't know if that's correct, but if so it could've simply stuck for all these years.\u201d\nHe said Day and White had long joked about White being two years older.\n\u201cNow we know that they are actually just a couple months apart, and turns out it's an even bigger exciting landmark than we thought,\u201d Walters said. White was born in January 1922.\nOn previous birthdays, Day has said she doesn't care about her age but rather using the occasion to highlight her favorite cause: animals.\nA longtime supporter of animal welfare, Day founded the nonprofit Doris Day Animal Foundation in 1978 to provide grants to projects that rescue, care for and protect animals. Among the wide-ranging recipients: a group that helps seniors and others with pet care needs; one that provides trained service dogs for veterans and others; Iowa Parrot Rescue, and Misfit Acres, a Minnesota horse sanctuary.\nDay, who lives in Carmel, California, has effectively parlayed her fame for her mission. This year, she's seeking to bring younger people on board with a social media campaign that asks people to post a photo or video of their pet with the hashtag @DorisBirthdayWish and the tag @ddaf_org for her foundation. The best of the submissions will be combined into a digital birthday card for her.\nFamous friends and admirers are among those saluting Day online. Country music star Reba McEntire tweeted that she was donating to the foundation and invited her Twitter followers to do the same.\nDay, who started out as a big band singer, made her film debut in 1948 with \u201cRomance On the High Seas\u201d before starring in a string of smash-hit 1950s and `60s rom-coms. She remained a pop star as well, with hits including \u201cWhatever Will Be Will Be (Que Sera)\u201d and \u201cSecret Love.\u201d\n\u201cPillow Talk\u201d earned her an Academy Award nomination, and she won critical acclaim for dramatic turns in \u201cMidnight Lace\u201d and \u201cLove Me or Leave Me.\u201d But Oscar gold, including the lifetime achievement award that her career justifies, hasn't come to her.\nYet Day, who once dismissed her \u201cgoody two shoes\u201d image as \u201cso boring,\u201d isn't necessarily predictable: Walters said she has been offered the honorary award several times and politely declined. She always concludes, he said, in a \u201cclassic Doris tone - \u2018Never say never!\u2019\u201d\n",
        "caption": "FILE - In this April 4, 1960, photo, Doris Day, a best actress of the year nominee for her role in \"Pillow Talk,\" and her producer husband Marty Melcher, arrive for the annual Academy Award presentations at the Pantages Theater in Los Angeles.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/CEAC019B-D304-4220-A7B8-55B024182F5D.jpg",
        "id": "6975_1",
        "answer": [
            "arrive for the annual Academy Award presentations",
            "highlight her favorite cause: animals"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Day",
            "Doris Day"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_02_3793227",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_02_3793227_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the people in the image do?",
        "context": "Hunger Strike Puts Spotlight on Turkish Crackdown\nISTANBUL \u2014\u00a0\nInternational and national pressure is growing on Ankara over the fate of two protesters in the 76th day of a hunger strike. Teacher Semih Ozakca and Professor Nuriye Gulmen are fasting over the loss of their jobs as part of an ongoing nationwide government purge following July\u2019s failed coup attempt.\nThe two hunger strikers were arrested early Monday and charged as members of a terrorist organization. Sixty two members of the European Parliament condemned their arrest in a letter to Turkish Justice Minister Bekir Bozdag, calling for their immediate release.\nThe letter also criticized the wider crackdown. \u201cWe, the undersigned members of the European Parliament, wish to express our deepest concern about the ongoing state of emergency and disproportionate effects thereof on democracy and human rights in Turkey,\u201d the letter said.\nOzakca and Gulmen\u2019s arrest prompted protests in several Turkish cities. In Ankara, police violently broke up a demonstration, arresting more than a dozen. Several opposition law makers attempted to hold a protest Wednesday, but were warned by police they would be arrested.\nIn Istanbul Tuesday, dozens of riot police backed by a water cannon truck prevented a protest before it started, warning all those attending would face arrest.\n\u201cWe already know that you have destroyed justice. But it must be very hard, even for you, to be so remorseless as to arrest Gulmen and Ozakca. Rather than being arrested, they should be reinstated to their posts,\u201d Kemal Kilicdaroglu leader of the main opposition Republican People\u2019s Party, said in a Twitter post.\nTeachers are growing rights symbol\nThe educators' hunger strike, under the banner \u201cWe Want our Job Back,\" has become a focal point of growing criticism over the ongoing purges. Protests in the teachers' support have spread across the country. \nMore than 140,000 people have lost their jobs in the crackdown. All dismissals are done by presidential decree under emergency rule powers introduced after July\u2019s failed coup.\nRiot police use tear gas to disperse demonstrators during a protest against the detention of two hunger-striking teachers in Ankara, Turkey, May 22, 2017.\nSunday, President Recep Erdogan promised there would be no let up in the crackdown, indicating emergency rule will stay enforce indefinitely, until the return of \u201cpeace and prosperity.\u201d\n\u201cNobody can be fired from their jobs like this. We want to show that,\u201d said Gulmen, before her arrest, \u201cOur main demand is that we want the decrees to be annulled. We don't want a single laborer to be sacked with a decree ever again.\u201d\nGulmen, visibly frail from her months of fasting in which she drank only water with sugar, acknowledged the dangers she and Ozakca are taking,\n\u201cYes, we are under risk. Hunger strike is a protest that contains risks. Everybody knows that, and we were always aware of the risks. We are calling on everyone who is concerned and aware of the risks to solve the problem with those responsible,\u201d said Gulmen.\nGulmen and Ozakca were both dismissed for being supporters of the Islamic cleric Fethullah Gulen, blamed for July\u2019s failed coup. After their dismissal, they initially protested peacefully every day, frequently resulting in their arrest. Their daily routine of protest and detention went viral across social media, making them celebrities among opponents of the crackdown. With such efforts failing to get their jobs back, however, both went on a hunger strike.\nGrowing support for protests\nSome opposition lawmakers have gone on token one-day hunger strikes, while others joined them in protesting.\n\u201cIt is not because they prefer hunger, it is not because they want their health to deteriorate, it is not because they love death. They are doing this action because they want to keep their honor,\u201d said opposition deputy Mithat Sancar, addressing a protest in Ankara. \u201cResponsibility falls upon us, we must not to leave this resistance alone.\"\nPrime Minister Binali Yildirim said he would look into their cases, although he insisted the hunger strike is unnecessary because there are official channels to challenge any dismissal. A government appointed seven-member panel,was set up last week for people to challenge their dismissals. But British based Human rights group Amnesty International dismissed the panel as woefully inadequate and without independence.\nWith the hunger strikers approach their third month of fasting, pressure on Ankara is predicted to grow. Human rights groups are looking to the European Union.\n\"The EU should put human rights firmly back into the picture,\u201d said Lotte Leicht, of U.S. based Human Rights Watch. \u201cPresidents Juncker and Tusk should convey the message that with Turkey\u2019s EU accession stalled, deeper economic cooperation under a possible new customs union will depend on Erdogan ending the deplorable crackdown in Turkey, and taking steps to uphold human rights and the rule of law.\u201d\nErdogan is to hold talks Thursday with European Union representatives on the sidelines of the NATO summit in Brussels.\n",
        "caption": "Riot police use tear gas to disperse demonstrators during a protest against the detention of two hunger-striking teachers in Ankara, Turkey, May 22, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/90858C2D-A570-4FC7-9164-D87B28FE107C.jpg",
        "id": "19607_2",
        "answer": [
            "prevented a protest before it started",
            "None",
            "violently broke up a demonstration"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Riot police",
            "police"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_24_3869298",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_24_3869298_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What are the owners of the animals in the image trying to do?",
        "context": "US Ranchers Assess Damage After Wildfires in 4 States\nWICHITA, KANSAS \u2014\u00a0\nKansas rancher Greg Gardiner got into some of his scorched pastures for the first time Wednesday and surveyed what he likened to a battle zone: carcasses of dead cattle everywhere.\n\u201cIt's pretty much a catastrophe,\u201d\u2019 Gardiner said as he looked out on his ranch near Ashland, charred by wildfires that have burned through hundreds of acres in four states. \u201cIt's as bad as a mind can make it.\u201d\nGardiner cries when he talks about how thankful he is that none of his family members were lost in wildfires that that have led to the deaths of six people. Gardiner's brother Mark lost his home \u2014 like dozens of other people in largely rural areas of Kansas, Texas, Oklahoma and Colorado \u2014 but he is safe.\nGardiner figures he lost 500 cattle. Any badly burned animals found still alive are mercifully shot.\n\u201cA lot of people have gone out and run out of shells and come back to get more shells,'' said Gardiner, speaking by cellphone. \u201cIt's pretty grisly work out here right now, to be honest.\u201d\nCattle graze with a background of smoke from wildfires near Hutchinson, Kansas, March 7, 2017.\nWildlife can't escape blaze\nHe sees a coyote's carcass and wryly states that there's not even coyotes left to clean up the dead. No wildlife is left as far as he can tell. \nWhile cattle producers like Gardiner spent much of Wednesday assessing their losses, fire crews were attempting to extinguish the blazes. Most of the burned land is in Kansas, where more than 1,000 square miles has been consumed in a series of blazes, including one believed to be the largest in the state's recorded history.\nIt is too soon to know yet how many animals perished. In Clark County, where Gardiner lives, ranchers so far have lost about 2,500 adult cattle and at least 1,000 calves, said Randall Spare, co-owner of Ashland Veterinary Center.\n\u201cIt is just horrendous,\u201d rancher David Clawson said from his home near Englewood, a Kansas town of about 50 residents where a fire destroyed 12 homes.\nThree ranch hands die trying to save cattle \nRanch hands were among those who have been killed in the fires. In the Texas Panhandle, three ranch hands died trying to save cattle from fires that have burned nearly 750 square miles.\nGray County Judge Richard Peet said it appears 20-year-old Cody Crockett was on horseback and his girlfriend, 23-year-old Sydney Wallace, was nearby on foot as fire and smoke swirled around them. Peet says Wallace died of smoke inhalation. Crockett suffered burns, as did 35-year-old Sloan Everett who also was on horseback. Their bodies were found near each other.\nA fourth person who died in Texas \u2014 25-year-old Cade Koch \u2014 was attempting to drive home when smoke from a separate fire to the north enveloped him. His wife, Sierra Koch, who is pregnant, described her husband as a hard-working, friendly man who \u201ctreated everybody with the utmost respect.\u201d\n\u201cHe was hard-headed and had a huge heart,\u201d she said.\nFirefighters move past a road block near Hutchinson, Kansas, March 7, 2017.\nSmoke claims truck driver\nIn Kansas, the Highway Patrol said Corey Holt, of Oklahoma City, died Monday when his tractor-trailer jackknifed as he tried to back up because of poor visibility on a highway, and he succumbed to smoke after getting out of his vehicle.\nAbout 545 square miles also has burned in Oklahoma, where a woman had a heart attack while trying to keep her farm and died.\nNo deaths were recorded in Colorado, where more than 45 square miles burned.\n",
        "caption": "Cattle graze with a background of smoke from wildfires near Hutchinson, Kansas, March 7, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/9B8774AB-BF19-4C26-B960-0BA677288B19.jpg",
        "id": "31833_2",
        "answer": [
            "assessing their losses"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "cattle"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_08_3756052",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_08_3756052_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What person reports that their country's neighbor could come to the event at the site in the image?",
        "context": "North Korea Free to Take Part in 2018 Games, Says Seoul\nNorth Korea will be allowed to travel to South Korea for the 2018 Pyeongchang Winter Olympics if it wishes to take part, Seoul's Unification Ministry said on Monday.\nNorth Korean athletes need approval from Seoul to enter the South as the 1950-53 Korean War ended with a truce, not a peace treaty, leaving the two Koreas technically in a state of war.\nThe ministry's comments come after Choi Moon-soon, the governor of the 2018 host city's province, said on Sunday that a North Korean sports official had told him the North wanted to take part in the Games.\nA North Korea sports delegation is currently in South Korea to take part in an international ice hockey competition in Gangneung, which will host some events during the 2018 Games.\nSpeaking in response to a question regarding North Korea's participation at the Olympics, ministry spokesman Lee Duk-haeng said there were no sanctions in place that prevented them from taking part.\n\"On North Korea participating in a sports event in South Korea, if they apply to come under regulations and procedures, our position is to approve it under regulations and procedures,\" he added.\nSeoul has also approved a trip to North Korea by the South's women's soccer team to take part qualifiers for the 2018 AFC Women's Asian Cup.\nGroup B of qualifying for the Asian Cup finals in Jordan will be held in Pyongyang from April 3-11, with Hong Kong, Uzbekistan and India also involved. The match between the two Koreas is scheduled for Friday.\nTensions on the peninsula are currently high, with South Korea saying late last month that the North was ready to carry out a new nuclear test.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - The construction site of Gangneung Ice Arena which will be a venue for the figure skating and short track competitions during the 2018 Winter Olympic Games, in the coastal cluster of PyeongChang, February 11, 2015.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/3F9D5CC9-16F6-41E1-837E-C06494D57593.jpg",
        "id": "33520_1",
        "answer": [
            "Lee Duk-haeng "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Olympics"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_03_3793730",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_03_3793730_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What was the previous job of the person in the right of the image?",
        "context": "Lawmakers: Former Trump Security Adviser May Have Broken US Law \nCAPITOL HILL \u2014\u00a0\nPresident Donald Trump's former national security adviser appears to have violated federal law by not properly disclosing payments he received from foreign governments for public engagements, the heads of the House Oversight Committee told reporters Tuesday.\nThe rare show of bipartisan consensus on Capitol Hill came after the White House denied the committee's request for documents relating to retired Lieutenant General Michael Flynn's contact with foreign nationals.\n\"As a former military officer, you simply cannot take money from Russia, Turkey or anybody else \u2014 and it appears as if he did take that money,\" said House Oversight Committee Chairman Jason Chaffetz, a Utah Republican.\nHouse Oversight Committee Chairman Jason Chaffetz, right, a Utah Republican, and Rep. Elijah Cummings, a Maryland Democrat, speak about the failure of former national security adviser Michael Flynn to disclose payments for a 2015 speech in Moscow.\nThe White House responded Tuesday by saying it didn't know whether Flynn had broken the law in the course of making contact with and receiving payments from foreign governments. \nPress secretary Sean Spicer downplayed claims that the White House had denied the request, saying the committee had received all the documents it needed from other agencies.\n\"Right now, to ask the White House to produce documents that were not in the possession of the White House is ridiculous,\" Spicer told reporters.\nAfter an hourlong classified briefing, Chaffetz said he had seen no evidence Flynn complied with the law.\nRepresentative Elijah Cummings of Maryland, the committee's ranking Democrat, said Flynn's contacts were \"a major problem.\" He added that the matter would now most likely fall under the purview of the House Intelligence Committee. \"Somebody else will determine whether or not he's guilty,\" he told reporters after the news conference. \nThe lawmakers said Flynn would have needed permission to deliver a paid speech at a gala sponsored by the Russian-funded television station RT in 2015, where he sat at the same table with Russian President Vladimir Putin. Flynn received $45,000 for that appearance and more than $500,000 for lobbying on behalf of the Turkish government.\nCummings and Chaffetz said it appeared Flynn did not seek or receive the required permission and could be prosecuted for failing to do so.\n\"The statute's real clear. You have to seek and get permission,\" Chaffetz told reporters after the briefing. \"It's a pretty high bar. But it appears as if he didn't even try to do that and jump over that bar.\"\nCummings told reporters, \"I do believe we are in a struggle for the soul of our democracy, and that concerns me.\"\nFILE - Retired U.S. Army Lieutenant General Michael Flynn stands by the elevators as he arrives at Trump Tower in New York.\nInformation request rejected \nAccording to the lawmakers, the committee asked the White House for information about any efforts Flynn made to obtain permission for those payments, the former adviser's applications for security clearances and documentation of funds he may have received from foreign sources.\nThe White House referred the committee to the Department of Defense for information about Flynn's security clearances. Marc Short, Trump's director of legislative affairs, said the White House did not hold material predating Flynn's service as national security adviser.\nAsked whether Flynn had violated federal law, Spicer told reporters Tuesday, \"That would be a question for him. I don't know what he filled out,\" referring to Flynn's responses to questions on federal security documents.\nFlynn was forced to leave the White House after lying to Vice President Mike Pence about his conversations with Russian Ambassador to U.S. Sergey Kislyak during the period before Trump officially took office.\nSenate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, a New York Democrat, said the newest Flynn allegations were \"extremely troubling\" and called for an investigation into the matter.\nFILE - Then-Deputy Attorney General Sally Yates speaks during a news conference at the Justice Department in Washington, June 28, 2016.\nYates, Clapper to testify at hearing \nMeanwhile, the Senate Judiciary Committee announced Tuesday that former acting Attorney General Sally Yates and former Director of National Intelligence James Clapper would testify at a May 8 hearing on Russia's meddling in last year's U.S. presidential election.\nYates and Clapper are also expected to testify at a public House intelligence panel hearing sometime after May 2, the date FBI Director James Comey is scheduled to appear before the committee in a closed session.\nLast month, Comey acknowledged that his agency was investigating whether members of Trump's campaign had colluded with Russia to try to influence the election. U.S. intelligence agencies have concluded Moscow intervened to try to influence the election in Trump's favor.\nYates, who was dismissed by President Donald Trump in January after refusing to defend his travel ban, was scheduled to testify before the House panel weeks ago about phone calls between Flynn and Kislyak.\nFILE - House Intelligence Committee Chairman Rep. Devin Nunes, R-Calif., right, accompanied by the committee's ranking member, Rep. Adam Schiff, D-Calif., talks to reporters, on Capitol Hill in Washington.\nThat hearing, however, was postponed by House Intelligence Chairman Devin Nunes, a California Republican. Nunes recused himself from the investigation two weeks after telling reporters that classified reports showed Trump associates had been caught up in U.S. government surveillance of foreign officials during the presidential transition.\nNunes then hurried to the White House to brief Trump on the findings, prompting Democratic criticism that Nunes had become too close to the president to oversee an independent investigation.\n",
        "caption": "House Oversight Committee Chairman Jason Chaffetz, right, a Utah Republican, and Rep. Elijah Cummings, a Maryland Democrat, speak about the failure of former national security adviser Michael Flynn to disclose payments for a 2015 speech in Moscow.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/10BED58A-AB0E-4497-A513-9CDF8524411B.jpg",
        "id": "32479_2_2",
        "answer": [
            "former military officer"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Jason Chaffetz"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_25_3824989",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_25_3824989_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person with the tie in the image contest?",
        "context": "Putin Denies Russia Meddled in US Election\nRussian President Vladimir Putin denied Tuesday that Russia interfered in last year's U.S. presidential election, saying such allegations are \"simply rumors\" that are being leveraged for political reasons in the United States.\nPutin's denial came at a joint news conference in Sochi, Russia, with German Chancellor Angela Merkel after the two leaders met amid increasingly strained relations over the war in Syria, and Russia's annexation of the Crimea region in neighboring Ukraine.\nPutin's remarks are at odds with findings from U.S. intelligence agencies that have reported Russia was responsible for the hacking of Democratic Party email accounts, which were intended to benefit Republican Donald Trump and harm his Democratic opponent, Hillary Clinton.\nIn response to a reporter's question, Merkel said she was not fearful about the threat of Russian interference during this year's German elections and would respond to inaccurate information with facts.\n\"I am not an anxious person. I will fight the election on the basis of my convictions,\" she said, adding that Germans would handle decisively any disinformation campaigns.\nBefore the meeting at the Black Sea resort in Sochi, Putin said the talks were an opportunity to discuss Ukraine and Syria, although Merkel signaled no major breakthroughs were expected.\nThe two leaders last met in Germany in October 2016 in an attempt to revive the stalled peace process in eastern Ukraine. Although a peace agreement mediated by Germany and France in 2015 has helped reduce the fighting, violence has continued.\nFILE - Pro-Russia rebels are seen driving in a convoy in Stakhanov, eastern Ukraine, April 24, 2015. Meeting Tuesday in Sochi, Russian President Vladimir Putin and German Chancellor Angela Merkel continued to disagree on the causes of the conflict in eastern Ukraine.\nDisagreements persist\nMerkel and Putin strongly disagreed Tuesday on the cause of the Ukrainian conflict. But both confirmed their support for the peace agreement.\nOn Syria, Germany has been firmly opposed to Russia's support for President Bashar al-Assad. Merkel has suggested that Russia was partly responsible for atrocities resulting from airstrikes carried out by Russian forces in civilian areas.\nPutin on Tuesday called for strengthening Syria's fragile truce. Russian-led peace negotiations involving Syrian rebels and government officials are set to begin Wednesday in Kazakhstan's capital of Astana.\n\"Our task is to create conditions for unification, the cessation of hostilities, the cessation of mutual destruction and the creation of conditions for political cooperation of all opposing sides,\" Putin said at the news conference.\nAlso during the meeting, Merkel asked Putin to help ensure the rights of gays in Chechnya, one day after Russian police arrested gay rights activists.\nDuring a May Day parade Monday in St. Petersburg, Russia's second largest city, Russian police arrested about 20 protesters, including the leader of an organization that is helping gay men escape from Chechnya, where they are reportedly subject to torture and other types of abuse.\nRussia has stringent rules on political activity in public places, and Putin defended Russian police after meeting with Merkel, saying they have acted within the law when breaking up recent rallies.\n\"Russia's law-enforcement bodies behave in a far more restrained manner than their colleagues in other European countries,\" Putin said at the news conference.\nTuesday's trip to Russia was Merkel's first for a bilateral meeting there since Russia annexed Ukraine's Crimean peninsula in 2014, which precipitated the most intense confrontation between Moscow and the West since the Cold War.\n",
        "caption": "Russian President Vladimir Putin, right, gestures as he and German Chancellor Angela Merkel speak to the media after their talks at Putin's residence in the Russian Black Sea resort of Sochi, Russia, Tuesday, May 2, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/14E51F78-9C00-427C-B8DF-C40E487DC35A.jpg",
        "id": "32628_1_1",
        "answer": [
            "that Russia interfered in last year's U.S. presidential election"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Russian President Vladimir Putin"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_02_3834561",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_02_3834561_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who was hired by the wife of the man on the picture in the image?",
        "context": "US Settles Magnitsky-linked Money-laundering Case on Eve of Trial\nA Russian-owned group of companies will pay the U.S. government $6 million to settle a wide-reaching money-laundering case that had quietly rippled through U.S.-Russian relations for years.\nFederal prosecutors in New York announced the settlement with Russian businessman Denis Katsyv, the owner of Prevezon Holdings, on May 12, just three days before jury selection was set to begin in the case.\nUnder the settlement, none of Prevezon Holdings' companies admitted wrongdoing.\nThe settlement brings to a close more than three years of court battles by U.S. prosecutors seeking to seize more than $20 million in real estate and bank accounts from Prevezon.\nThe assets, prosecutors alleged, were obtained through a series of Byzantine bank transfers that ultimately trace back to the largest tax-fraud case in Russian history. That tax-fraud case, totaling about $230 million, targeted the Hermitage Capital investment firm and was uncovered by a whistle-blowing Russian auditor hired by Hermitage, Sergei Magnitsky.\nMagnitsky was himself arrested on charges of collusion to commit tax fraud, and he died in a Moscow pretrial detention center in November 2009, just eight days before he would have either had to be put on trial or released.\nHis supporters say he was tortured, and a Russian government commission was critical of his treatment while in custody. Russian prosecutors later charged him posthumously with the very crime he helped uncover. \nMagnitsky Act\nThree years later, the United States passed a law bearing Magnitsky's name that targeted Russian government officials allegedly involved in the original tax crime, as well as those complicit in Magnitsky's death and other alleged human rights abuses.\nAs of May, there were 44 Russian officials on the Magnitsky sanctions list, including the former head of Russia's Investigative Committee, Aleksandr Bastrykin, and several Interior Ministry officers and tax officials are also on the list. State Duma Deputy Andrei Lugovoi is on the list for his alleged involvement in the 2006 radiation-poisoning death in London of former Federal Security Service officer Aleksandr Litvinenko.\nProsecutors with the U.S. Attorney's Office for the Southern District of New York launched the Prevezon case nearly four years ago, but instead of filing criminal charges they opted for a \"civil asset forfeiture\" proceeding, where the rules of evidence aren't as strict.\nU.S. authorities \"will not allow the U.S. financial system to be used to launder the proceeds of crimes committed anywhere -- here in the U.S., in Russia, or anywhere else,\" Joon H. Kim, the acting Manhattan U.S. attorney, said in a statement late Friday.\nThe Saturday settlement helps U.S. prosecutors avoid having to establish the underlying circumstances of the original $230 million tax fraud. As it had for years of pretrial wrangling, Prevezon's defense team intended to challenge the facts of the fraud, asserting that the government's case was entirely built on flimsy evidence gathered by Hermitage founder William Browder.\n'Modest' settlement\nPrevezon portrayed the settlement as a defeat for the U.S. government and said the arrangement did not constitute a seizure or forfeiture on the part of Prevezon.\n\"The modest size of this settlement simply underscores the fact that this action should never have been bought in the first place,\" a company spokesman told RFE/RL in an email.\nHermitage founder Browder, however, described the settlement as \"a huge victory.\"\n\"This sends a clear message to the people who received that money that it's not safe in the West and will be seized,\" Browder's statement said. \"I believe that this case will give the green light to other countries to follow suit.\"\nU.S. officials had repeatedly sought assistance from Russian prosecutors in gathering material for their case. But in Moscow, the Prosecutor-General's Office not only refused to help, but instead asked their U.S. counterparts for help in building a criminal case against Browder. \nRussian prosecutors ultimately charged Browder with tax evasion. He was convicted in 2013 after a trial that was largely seen as politically motivated.\nThe Washington law firm initially hired to represent Prevezon, Baker Hostetler, sought repeatedly to undermine the prosecution's case, arguing that it was built largely on Browder's material.\nJust days before trial's original start date in January 2016, the judge ordered a delay, after Hermitage argued one of the Baker Hostetler lawyers had provided counsel to Hermitage years prior in the tax fraud case, and therefore had a conflict of interest.\nAn appeals court later agreed and kicked Baker Hostetler off the case.\nLast-minute motion\nLast week, federal prosecutors won a small pretrial victory when U.S. District Judge William Pauley allowed the introduction of crucial banking files compiled by Nikolai Gorokhov, another Russian lawyer who has represented Magnitsky's widow, as part of the docket record.\nA day later, Pauley rejected a last-minute motion by Prevezon's new lawyers, Quinn Emanuel Urquhart and Sullivan, to have the entire case thrown out.\nRussia has made no secret of its contempt for the Magnitsky Act and the entire narrative that paints a picture of institutionalized high-level Russian corruption.\nSeveral months after then-President Barack Obama signed the legislation into law, the Kremlin retaliated by banning all adoptions of Russian children by U.S. parents. That ban remains in place.\nThe case rippled quietly through Washington, D.C., more recently.Last year, a Russian-American man named Rinat Akhmetshin, who had worked alongside Baker Hostetler, helped spearhead a quiet lobbying effort to undermine Magnitsky's findings and influence Congress as it sought to pass a broader human rights law modeled on the original Magnitsky law.\nAkhmetshin's name then resurfaced last month when a leading Republican senator called for the Justice Department to investigate him and a Washington lobbying firm named Fusion GPS, with which he worked. \nFusion GPS has been linked to the explosive dossier compiled by a former British intelligence officer on President Donald Trump that leaked out during last year's election campaign. Senator Chuck Grassley suggested that some of the anti-Magnitsky lobbying may have been done in violation of the Foreign Agents Registration Act.\nAdding further to the intrigue, in March, Gorokhov, the Russian lawyer who had also represented Magnitsky's widow, fell from a window of his Moscow apartment building, one day before he was scheduled to appear in a Russian court in a case related to Magnitsky's death.\nHe remains hospitalized.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A portrait of lawyer Sergei Magnitsky, who died in jail, is held by his mother, Nataliya Magnitskaya, as she speaks during an interview with the AP in Moscow, Nov. 30, 2009. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/5A83FEAE-6D1F-463A-B62C-4F50D72AE178.jpg",
        "id": "28125_1",
        "answer": [
            "Gorokhov"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Magnitsky"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_13_3850751",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_13_3850751_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Why did the people from the image get detained?",
        "context": "Hong Kong Widens Crackdown, Arrests 9 More Activists\nHONG KONG \u2014\u00a0\nHong Kong authorities expanded their crackdown on the Chinese-controlled territory's opposition with a fresh round of arrests of pro-democracy activists on Thursday.\nPolice detained up to nine activists for their apparent involvement in an anti-China protest last year, according to social media posts from two political parties, Demosisto and League of Social Democrats, whose members were among those arrested.\nThe arrests come ahead of an expected visit by Chinese President Xi Jinping on July 1 for the 20th anniversary of the city's handover from Britain to China.\nOn Wednesday, police arrested two pro-independence lawmakers who were disqualified in a dispute over their oaths.\nThe pair, Sixtus Leung and Yau Wai-ching of the Youngspiration party, were charged with unlawful assembly and attempted forcible entry relating to a scuffle in the legislature's chamber last November.\nLeung and Yau angered Hong Kong's Beijing-backed government when they used their swearing-in ceremony in October to stage an apparent protest by inserting anti-China insults into their oaths.\nTheir attempts to enter the legislature during subsequent sessions to take their oaths properly descended into chaos when they were barred from the chamber while awaiting a court ruling, which later disqualified them from office.\nThe two young activists were part of a new wave of lawmakers advocating greater separation from the mainland. They were newly elected to office last year amid a rising tide of anti-China sentiment in Hong Kong, where fears are rising that Beijing is tightening its grip on the semiautonomous city.\nLeung said the charges, which relate to events on November 2, were \u201cridiculous.\u201d\nOn that day, they scuffled with guards as they barged into the chamber, leaving the council session in disarray.\n\u201cWe are still lawmakers at that time when we wanted to get into the chamber. Why is it unlawful?\u201d he said.\nThe two said the charges were politically motivated.\n\u201cWe are not afraid of this suppression and we will persist in our beliefs,\u201d Yau said.\nOther cases include:\nNine people, including university professors, former student leaders and lawmakers, arrested last month on public nuisance charges for their involvement in the 79-day \u201cUmbrella Movement\u201d protests over electoral curbs;\nLegal challenges against four pro-democracy lawmakers who the government says also took their oaths improperly;\nA lawmaker charged earlier this month with desecrating the Chinese and Hong Kong flags after he inverted some on the desks of pro-government members during one of the chamber's chaotic sessions last year.\n",
        "caption": "Pro-democracy lawmakers Sixtus Leung, left, and Yau Wai-ching speak to the media outside a police station after being released on bail in Hong Kong, April 26, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/4D5980A2-D794-43CC-8B27-F162ADE7869F.jpg",
        "id": "6233_1",
        "answer": [
            "unlawful assembly and attempted forcible entry relating to a scuffle",
            "For their apparent involvement in an Anti-China campaign last year "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Sixtus Leung and Yau Wai-ching ",
            "Sixtus Leung and Yau Wai-ching"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_27_3827789",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_27_3827789_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What regions cannot have as much of what the woman in the image bringing home?",
        "context": "New Humanitarian Corridor Opens Between Sudan and South Sudan\nNAIROBI \u2014\u00a0\nAs South Sudan reels from conflict, famine and food insecurity, neighboring Sudan, in collaboration with the World Food Program and the government of South Sudan, opened a second humanitarian corridor to help deliver food and nutrition support. The first convoy of 27 trucks carrying about 1,200 tons of cereal went through earlier this month.\n\u201cThis is a transport corridor that has recently been opened up between El Obeid in Sudan and Bentiu in South Sudan that we are hoping to use to move some 10,000 metric tons of food, until the roads become impassable once the rainy season starts in June or July,\u201d said Challiss McDonough, senior regional spokeswoman at the World Food Program. \u201cThat would allow us to continue to pre-position enough food in Bentiu that will help us provide food and nutrition support to about 220,000 people.\u201d\nThis is the first corridor into Unity State, but since mid-2014, the World Food Program has been using another corridor from White Nile State in Sudan to Upper Nile State in South Sudan, with supplies going by road or barge. McDonough says seven convoys have come through this corridor this year, bringing enough food to benefit about 200,000 people.\nShe adds that security concerns mean food cannot be taken by road to the famine-stricken areas of Unity State.\n\u201cSo Leer and Mayendit are places that we could not store food for any length of time, so we are using this sort of rapid response model,\u201d said McDonough. \u201cWe\u2019ve got emergency teams that go in and do food distributions. We supply them by airdrop, because it\u2019s just sort of extreme levels of insecurity, conflict, and the lack of road infrastructure.\u201d \nPeople wait to receive food at a World Vision food distribution site in Malualkuel in the Northern Bahr el Ghazal region of South Sudan, April 5, 2017.\nThe vice president of programs and government relations for U.S.-based charity Samaritan\u2019s Purse, Ken Isaacs, says bringing food from Sudan is a good idea, but he notes a discrepancy, since Khartoum restricts aid to its own South Kordofan and Blue Nile states.\n\u201cSo I wish that the government of Sudan would offer the same humanitarian access that they have now offered benevolently to South Sudan,\u201d said Isaacs. \u201cI wish that they would offer it to the two areas. In other words, that food could be brought up from South Sudan.\u201d\nAttempts to reach Sudan\u2019s foreign minister and government spokesman for response were unsuccessful.\nSave the Children\u2019s South Sudan program director of policy and advocacy, Joseph Akech, says the corridor will help his organization.\n\u201cAnd if there is a humanitarian corridor which comes with other services in terms of food to those communities and it will enhance our programming,\u201d said Akech. \u201cThat will reduce the burden we have to deal with at the moment.\u201d\nRobin Waudo, of the International Committee of the Red Cross, said her organization welcomes \u201call efforts by the authorities to facilitate the delivery of humanitarian assistance to people affected by the prevailing situation on South Sudan given the immense needs and challenges.\u201d\nThe Norwegian, British and U.S. governments released a joint statement welcoming Sudan\u2019s decision, and urging all armed groups \u201cto allow full and safe humanitarian access to reach communities in need, and to ensure that food and other commodities are not diverted from the intended beneficiaries.\u201d\nMore than 365,000 South Sudanese refugees live in Sudan, among the more than 1.7 million South Sudanese refugees and asylum seekers who have fled to neighboring countries.\nThe U.N. has reiterated that in addition to the 100,000 people facing starvation in South Sudan, a further one million people are on the brink of famine.\n",
        "caption": "A women walk back to their homes after receiving food distributed by ICRC at a site in Leer County region of South Sudan, Tuesday, April 11, 2017. Two months after a famine was declared in two counties amid its civil war, hunger has become more widespread than expected, aid workers say, region on the brink of starvation and people at risk of dying without sustained food assistance.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/FD3A93A5-E704-472F-A3BD-191ADC5ACAEB.jpg",
        "id": "26328_1",
        "answer": [
            "South Kordofan and Blue Nile states"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "food"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_12_3807142",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_12_3807142_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What event does the man on the screen in the image want?",
        "context": "Israel Rejects New Hamas Policy Document\nJERUSALEM \u2014\u00a0\nThe Palestinian militant group Hamas that rules the Gaza Strip has unveiled a new policy document that claims to ease its stance on Israel. However, Israel and the more moderate Palestinian Authority that rules parts of the West Bank are skeptical, saying nothing has changed.\nHamas claims its main concession is that it no longer explicitly calls for the destruction of the State of Israel. Instead of demanding a state in all of Palestine, which would include what is now Israel, the group is prepared for a \u201ctransitional\u201d state within the pre-1967 borders, meaning the West Bank, Gaza and disputed East Jerusalem.\nThe term \u201ctransitional,\u201d though, suggests that this Palestinian state would be a step toward a larger country that eventually would include what is now Israel. The document says Hamas still rejects Israel\u2019s right to exist and supports the \u201carmed struggle\u201d against it.\n\u201cHamas advocates the liberation of all of Palestine but is ready to support a state on the 1967 borders without recognizing Israel or ceding any rights,\u201d said Hamas leader Khaled Meshaal, who presented the new document in Doha.\nHamas leader Khaled Mashaal.\nIsrael described the manifesto as a ruse aimed at deceiving the West and moderate Arab states.\n\u201cHamas is attempting to fool the world, but it will not succeed,\u201d said David Keyes, a spokesman for Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu. \u201cThey dig terror tunnels and have launched thousands upon thousands of missiles at Israeli civilians. This is the real Hamas.\u201d\nImage makeover\nHamas admits it is trying to improve its image, especially in Europe, which is seen as more sympathetic to the Palestinian cause than the U.S., Israel\u2019s guardian ally politically and militarily.\nThe five-page document reflects a \u201creasonable Hamas that is serious about dealing with the reality and the regional and international surroundings, while still representing the cause of its people,\u201d said Meshaal. \u201cWe hope this will mark a change in the stance of European states towards us.\u201d\nWhile Israel\u2019s reaction was expected, the tough tone of the Palestinian Authority (PA) in the West Bank raised some eyebrows. The PA\u2019s ruling Fatah party said the document is too little, too late.\n\u201cHamas\u2019 new document is identical to that taken by Fatah in 1988,\u201d said Fatah spokesman Osama al-Qawasme. \u201cHamas must apologize to Fatah after 30 years of accusing us of treason for that policy.\u201d\nThe rival Palestinian governments have been at loggerheads since a civil war in 2007, when Hamas expelled the Palestinian Authority from Gaza. Hamas also has poor relations with neighboring Egypt because Cairo believes armed militants in Gaza are assisting a deadly ISIS insurgency in the Sinai Peninsula.\nInternational isolation\nIn a nod to Cairo, Hamas declared it would end its close relationship with the Muslim Brotherhood, which Egypt and the some Gulf states regard as a terrorist organization. And in a further effort to distance Hamas from radical Islam, Meshaal said Hamas\u2019 struggle is not against Judaism as a religion, but rather against the \u201caggression\u201d of Zionism.\nHamas is trying to end its international isolation at a time when the United States is preparing to step up efforts to revive the Middle East peace process. Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas is due to hold his first meeting with President Donald Trump at the White House on Wednesday. Trump is expected to travel to Jerusalem in three weeks after declaring he sees no reason why there should not be peace between Israel and the Palestinians.\nIf there is a new push for the creation of a Palestinian state, Hamas wants to be part of it. But skeptics abound.\nDr. Kobi Michael, a senior Israeli researcher at the INSS Institute for National Security Studies, notes that Hamas still rejects the three main demands of the international community.\n\u201cThey do not acknowledge or accept the Oslo [peace] Accords [of 1993], they do not accept the idea of stopping violence, and they do not accept the principle of recognizing Israel,\u201d Michael said. \u201cIt is more of a makeover than a real change, [so] this is a lot of noise about nothing.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "Hamas leaders and supporters listen to Khaled Mashaal, the outgoing Hamas leader in exile, during his news conference in Doha, Qatar, while displayed on a screen at Commodore hotel in Gaza City, Monday, May 1, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/3145B24A-4C34-4802-BA43-B578FB7F9025.jpg",
        "id": "22186_1",
        "answer": [
            " the liberation of all of Palestine "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Khaled"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_02_3834288",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_02_3834288_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person with the blue undershirt in the image going to do?",
        "context": "Trump Administration May Put Pressure on Hezbollah, Analysts Say\nAs the Trump administration promises to take a hard line on Iran, U.S. pressure could rise against Iranian proxy Hezbollah, which has a key fighting role in backing the Syrian regime in its fight against rebels, analysts say.\nIn their first meeting next week, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu is likely to use U.S. President Donald Trump\u2019s frustration with Iran to pursue new sanctions against Tehran and seek pressure on Hezbollah, according to analysts.\nThe two leaders will meet at a critical time with the new U.S. administration cobbling together its Mideast strategies. They will be seeking to reboot a relationship that fractured under icy relations between Netanyahu and former U.S. president Barack Obama.\nHezbollah \u2013 known as \u201cthe Party of God\u201d \u2013 is considered a terrorist organization by the U.S. and European allies, and follows a Shi'ite ideology that calls for the destruction of Israel. It has expanded beyond its Lebanese borders in recent years and has been fighting in Syria on behalf of President Bashar al-Assad and Iran in Syria's civil war.\n\"Iran seeks to annihilate Israel, it seeks to conquer the Middle East, it threatens Europe, it threatens the West, it threatens the world. And it offers provocation after provocation,\" Netanyahu said in Britain this week.\n\"That's why I welcome President Trump's assistance of new sanctions against Iran,\u201d he said, adding that he hopes other nations join in.\nNetanyahu agenda\nNetanyahu, whose Israeli forces have struck Hezbollah convoys in Syria, is likely to make the pitch that sidelining Hezbollah is good for the security of the volatile Mideast, analysts say.\nFILE - Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, right, speaks to then U.S. presidential candidate Donald Trump during their meeting in New York, Sept. 25, 2016. When meeting Trump next week, Netanyahu is likely to make the pitch that sidelining Hezbollah is good for the security of the volatile Mideast.\n\u201cIt is obvious that not only Israelis but some Gulf rivals of Iran are going to carry their goals on the waves of Trump\u2019s anger with Tehran,\u201d said Joseph Bahout, a scholar in Carnegie's Middle East Program. \u201cNetanyahu will clearly do his best to convince the U.S. president that \u2026 hampering Hezbollah is a big part of the security base strategy he tries to share with Trump.\u201d\nSam Bazzi, a Middle East affairs analyst and director of the Islamic Counterterrorism Institute based in Washington, D.C., said Hezbollah is worrisome on a number of levels, particularly if confrontation with Iran is looming.\n\u201cI'd say in this particular situation one cannot go to the heart of the regime before paralyzing its long arms: Hezbollah, the pro-regime Iraqi Shi'ite militias, and the Houthis [in Yemen],\u201d Bazzi said.\n\u201cOrganically attached to the Lebanese Shi'ite diaspora, Hezbollah can inflict terror attacks throughout the world, bringing chaos to the West and many other countries worldwide,\" Bazzi said. \"The Iraqi Shi'ite militias loyal to Tehran can attack U.S. and Western troops in Iraq.\u201d\nBoth are \u201cvery vulnerable\u201d now in Syria and Iraq, said Bazzi.\n\u201cThe U.S. Air Force flies over them, and Sunni and Wahhabi militias wage war against them,\u201d he said. \u201cWithout the Russian political and military umbrella, the U.S. can wipe out the Hezbollah forces deployed in Syria in a matter of weeks, which would certainly lead to the fall of the Assad regime. This, of course, could trigger chaos in Iran and embolden the Iraqi Sunnis.\n\u201cIndeed, with Trump's rise to power, many members of the Shi'ite community in Lebanon are increasingly frightened and unsure about the future,\u201d Bazzi said.\nHezbollah intentions\nFor its part, Hezbollah hopes that Trump is so busy pursuing his \u201cAmerica first\u201d policy that he will leave a lighter U.S. footprint in the Middle East, perhaps even setting the stage for a withdrawal from the region.\nFILE - A Hezbollah fighter uses binoculars to scan for Israeli forces' positions, on the outskirts of the village of Aitaroun, near the town of Bint Jbeil, Aug. 16, 2006. With Trump's rise to power, many members of the Shi'ite community in Lebanon are increasingly uneasy about the future.\n\u201cThe more the U.S. policy turns toward isolationism, the more relieved the world would be from its troubles,\u201d Nawwaf Moussawi, a member of Hezbollah in the Lebanese parliament, said last month.\nSome analysts believe Hezbollah has reasons for optimism and that Trump\u2019s possible policy in the region could, by default, strengthen the militant group.\n\u201cTrump\u2019s reluctance toward the fight in Syria will practically provide more room for Hezbollah, a major player in Syria, to grow and flourish,\u201d said U.K.-based Middle East scholar Scott Lucas, an editor at the EA Worldview research organization.\nOthers argue that Hezbollah doesn\u2019t have the resources to create further instability in the region.\n\u201cHezbollah, now at its weakest situation ever in terms of legitimacy and manpower due to the big losses it suffered in Syria, will unlikely create unrest during the newly formed U.S. administration as it does not want to attract Trump\u2019s attention to its existence,\u201d said Alex Vatanka, a senior analyst at the Washington-based Middle East Institute.\nVatanka added that Hezbollah has lost its legitimacy among many Arab nations because of its involvement in Syria, and is transforming itself from a self-defending militant group inside Lebanon to a mercenary force for Iran.\nHowever, Hezbollah\u2019s supporters believe that the group will pursue its long-held policy of fighting the occupation of what it calls Palestine by Israel, regardless of who is in charge in Washington.\n\"Hezbollah does not see much difference in power transition at the White House and will pursue its mission, which is to continue fighting against occupation,\" said Salem Zahran, head of Media Focal Center, a pro-Hezbollah group in Beirut.\nUS-Russia dynamic\nThere also are questions about how Trump\u2019s seemingly friendly approach toward Russia will affect the new U.S. policy in the Mideast. The Kremlin not only treats Hezbollah as an ally in the region, but also has reportedly armed the group.\nFILE - A Syrian who lives in Lebanon kisses a poster with photos of Russian President Vladimir Putin (C) and Hezbollah leader Sheikh Hassan Nasrallah, during a rally to thank Moscow for its intervention in Syria, in front of the Russian embassy in Lebanon, Oct. 18, 2015.\n\u201cTrump\u2019s rapprochement with Russia makes the situation more uncertain in the region, and this is what makes [Israel] concerned,\u201d said Meir Javedanfar, a Tel Aviv-based analyst.\nIn 2014, Russia\u2019s deputy foreign minister, Mikhail Bogdanov met with Hezbollah leader Hassan Nasrallah in Beirut to discuss regional developments.\n\u201cWe maintain contacts and relations with them [Hezbollah] because we do not consider them a terrorist organization,\u201d the Interfax news agency quoted Bogdanov as saying.\nHezbollah also has claimed the group has the Kremlin\u2019s blessing.\n\u201cWe are strategic allies in the Middle East right now - the Russians are our allies and give us weapons,\u201d a Hezbollah commander who called himself Bakr told the Daily Beast last year.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, right, speaks to then U.S. presidential candidate Donald Trump during their meeting in New York, Sept. 25, 2016. When meeting Trump next week, Netanyahu is likely to make the pitch that sidelining Hezbollah is good for the security of the volatile Mideast.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D70D914A-1F66-4D84-9239-B910D53F5F07.jpg",
        "id": "20973_2",
        "answer": [
            "pursue new sanctions against Tehran",
            "None",
            "pursue new sanctions against Tehran and seek pressure on Hezbollah"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Benjamin Netanyahu"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_11_3719429",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_11_3719429_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What response was offered by the man in front of the desk justifying the ban?",
        "context": "Trump: Politics Led Court to Suspend Travel Ban\nU.S. President Donald Trump suggested to law enforcement chiefs Wednesday that politics led the courts to suspend his executive order on immigration and warned that the nation's security is being compromised without the travel restrictions.\n\"We are at risk because of what happened,\" Trump said at the winter conference of the Major Cities Chiefs Association in Washington.\n\"I don\u2019t ever want to call a court biased so I won\u2019t call it biased,\" Trump said.\nAlthough the courts have yet to issue a final decision on the order, Trump said \"the courts seem to be so political and it would be so great for our justice system if they would be able to read a statement and do what\u2019s right.\" \nWATCH: Trump on travel ban\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTrump Defends Travel Ban Court Case\nShare this video\n0:01:05\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:05\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 3.2MB\n360p | 4.1MB\n480p | 22.0MB\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;It is a disgrace that my full Cabinet is still not in place, the longest such delay in the history of our country. Obstruction by Democrats!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/829133645055135750\\\"\\u0026gt;February 8, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;If the U.S. does not win this case as it so obviously should, we can never have the security and safety to which we are entitled. Politics!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/829299566344359936\\\"\\u0026gt;February 8, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nA U.S. appeals court in San Francisco says it will likely rule this week on whether a federal judge had the legal grounds to suspend Trump's ban last month on immigration from seven Muslim majority countries.\nA lawyer for the U.S. Justice Department and an attorney representing the states of Washington and Minnesota, which are suing to stop the ban, presented their arguments by telephone before a three-judge appellate panel Tuesday.\nU.S. attorney August Flentje said Trump's executive order was well within his power granted by Congress and the Constitution, letting him set \"adequate standards\" in screening would-be travelers to the United States who need visas. Flentje pointed out that Congress and the former Obama administration determined that the seven countries named in the order -- Somalia, Sudan, Iran, Iraq, Libya, Syria and Yemen -- were of concern to authorities because they pose a risk of terrorism or give terrorists a safe haven.\nHe said a number of Somalis arrested in the United States have ties to al-Shabab terrorists.\nWilliam Butkus of Amnesty International holds up a sign outside of the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in San Francisco, Feb. 7, 2017.\nFast-moving case\nThe U.S. attorney acknowledged that the case has moved too fast to give the government enough time to provide all the evidence to support Trump's order. But he said the Washington state federal district judge's order last week putting it on hold was \"over-broad\" and overrode presidential authority.\nWashington state Solicitor General Noah Purcell told the appeals court the Trump administration wants to reinstate the travel ban without a full judicial review, throwing the country \"back into chaos.\"\nWhen questioned what harm the travel ban has done to Washington state residents, Purcell said it separated families, stranded students overseas, and left people in doubt about whether they should travel because of the uncertainty of whether they could come back.\nWhen challenged about whether the travel ban discriminated against Muslims because the vast majority are unaffected, Purcell argued that not every Muslim has to be hurt for it to be unconstitutional. He told the judges the president's order was designed in part to harm Muslims, noting that Trump called for a total ban on Muslim immigration during his campaign.\nAttorneys general in 15 other states have filed briefs in support of Washington and Minnesota. The American Civil Liberties Union, nearly 100 corporations, and a group of Democrats that includes former Secretaries of State John Kerry and Madeleine Albright, also filed briefs.\nAll sides expect the issue to wind up before the Supreme Court.\nU.S. District Court Judge James Robart's decision Friday suspending Trump's executive order has the president fuming.\n\"I actually can't believe that we're having to fight to protect the security, in a court system, to protect the security of our nation,\" Trump said Tuesday. He earlier tweeted that Robart is a \"so-called judge\" and that the American people should blame him and the court system if \"something happens.\"\nHomeland Security Secretary John Kelly listens to a question while testifying on Capitol Hill in Washington, Feb. 7, 2017, before the House Homeland Security Committee.\nKelly defends ban \nHomeland Security Secretary John Kelly defended the ban. He took responsibility for its unwieldy rollout and mass confusion over who was covered by the ban and who should be allowed to enter the United States. He told the House Homeland Security Committee there was a lack of communication with Congress and that the travel ban should have been delayed \"just a bit.\"\nBut he defended it against Democratic critics who call it a ban on Muslims, saying the terror risk, not religion, was the key factor in the president's order.\nIf the case eventually goes to the Supreme Court, the nation's highest judicial body, one analyst told VOA there are rulings from the past that could support Trump's policy.\nNew York-based attorney Dan McLaughlin, told VOA Persian\u2019s New Horizon show \"The Supreme Court has held for a long time that Congress has nearly unlimited authority in deciding who can enter the country \u2014 an authority that includes excluding people from particular countries, as it did with Chinese immigration in the 1880s.\u201d\nMcLaughlin said, \u201cBecause the president is relying on an authority delegated to him by Congress, he has a broad authority to act on immigration within the law, whether you think his policy is wise or not.\"\nBut he added that Trump\u2019s prominent advocacy of a U.S. ban on all immigration by Muslims could come back to weaken his case before the Supreme Court.\n\"There\u2019s no question that the president has a legacy of comments that are going to make it more difficult for him to defend his executive order on immigration in court and the public,\" McLaughlin said.\nCapitol Hill correspondent Katherine Gypson and reporters Mohammad Manzarpour, Parisa Farhadi contributed to this report \n",
        "caption": "Homeland Security Secretary John Kelly listens to a question while testifying on Capitol Hill in Washington, Feb. 7, 2017, before the House Homeland Security Committee.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D17F7793-814F-4B4A-97DF-F944C790F9F3.jpg",
        "id": "22050_3",
        "answer": [
            "the terror risk, not religion, was the key factor in the president's order."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "John Kelly"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_08_3714410",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_08_3714410_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who is the individual being searched for inside the marked door in the image?",
        "context": "Philippines: Top Militant Believed Hiding in War-torn City\nMANILA \u2014\u00a0\nThe Philippines' defense chief says the militant leader of the group that has laid siege to a southern city is suspected to be hiding in a mosque there rather than fleeing the bombed-out city.\nDefense Secretary Delfin Lorenzana told reporters the government received information Monday that Isnilon Hapilon is hiding in Marawi. His whereabouts are the subject of intelligence reports the military continues to try to verify.\nThe militants aligned with the Islamic State group attacked the city May 23 and are still putting up resistance to government forces who've retaken most of the city. The violence has left 459 people dead.\nLorenzana says intelligence reports show Hapilon was not among three fighters who fled Marawi and arrived on Basilan island, Hapilon's stronghold.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A member of the Philippine National Police (PNP) closes a door after marking a house as clear while government troops continue their assault against insurgents from the Maute group in Marawi city, June 29, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B07ACAEA-16CF-432A-A657-41AA817C58EC.jpg",
        "id": "2770_1",
        "answer": [
            "militant leader of the group that has laid siege to a southern city"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Philippine National Police"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_03_3925795",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_03_3925795_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where are the people in the image forced into?",
        "context": "Migrants Protest at Italy Center After Young Woman Dies\nROME \u2014\u00a0\nMigrants barricaded staff inside a reception center in northern Italy in a protest over living conditions there after the death of a young woman, officials said.\nThe 25-year-old woman from the Ivory Coast apparently died of natural causes on Monday afternoon at the center in Cona, near Venice, the town's mayor told La Repubblica TV.\nCona Italy\nFellow migrants reacted angrily, cutting off the electricity supply to the center, starting fires and blocking the exit, leaving 25 staff members barricaded inside, local media said.\nMayor Alberto Panfilio said calm had been restored at the center, where up to 1,500 people have been placed in a facility originally meant for 15 migrants. Many were housed in tents.\nPolice had persuaded the protesters to open the gates shortly after midnight on Monday, let the staff leave, and re-connect electricity, local police chief Angelo Sanna told la Nuova di Venezia e Mestre newspaper.\nEarly reports said the protest had been caused by a delay between the young woman being taken ill and an ambulance arriving to treat her.\nHowever, Panfilio said the ambulance had arrived promptly.\n\u201cThis death is not directly linked to the high concentration (of people) but I hope it can be useful to change a situation that is no longer sustainable,\u201d he said.\nThe mayor told local media that the center had opened in 2015. Numbers had ballooned dramatically last year. Cona itself has just some 190 residents.\nThe center is one of many temporary migrant reception centers in Italy that are housing more than 136,000 people. In the past three years, roughly half a million migrants have arrived in Italy by boat.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Migrants queue waiting to enter the refectory at a refugee hub in Milan, Italy, Oct. 21, 2016. A 25-year-old woman from the Ivory Coast reportedly died on Monday afternoon at a migrant center in Cona, near Venice, triggering a protest over living conditions.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/8CB6DEE6-1407-4E2E-B951-D8A6B52BB23B.jpg",
        "id": "24746_1",
        "answer": [
            "a facility originally meant for 15 migrants"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "migrants"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_03_3661631",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_03_3661631_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the job of the person on the poster in the image?",
        "context": "Four Abducted Pakistani Rights Activists Return Home\nISLAMABAD, PAKISTAN \u2014\u00a0\nFour of the five Pakistani rights campaigners and bloggers, who mysteriously disappeared from several cities earlier this month, have returned home.\nPolice, relatives and sources confirmed Saturday that noted rights defender Salman Haider rejoined his family.\n\u201cHe is fine and safe,\u201d said family members who refused to offer further comments on his whereabouts and the motive for his kidnapping.\nHaider, a progressive poet and university lecturer, was on his way home late on January 6 when unknown men intercepted his car just outside the national capital of Islamabad and took him away.\nThree other missing activists, Ahmed Raza Naseer, Asim Sayeed and Waqas Goraya, have also been freed and rejoined their families. They were also abducted from in and around the eastern city of Lahore within the first week of January.\nFamily members were not immediately available to discuss the development and authorities have yet to confirm the reported release of the three men.\nThe release of Haider after several weeks in mysterious circumstances raises more questions than it answers, say civil society activists in Pakistan. \u201cNow that he has been released, and we do not know what has happened to him, he needs protection\u201d, Gibran Nasir, a prominent civil society activist tells VOA's Deewa language service.\nIt was not immediately known who was behind the kidnappings, or what their motives were.\nThe whereabouts of a fifth missing activist, Samar Abbas, remained unknown.\nHuman rights activists hold a picture of Salman Haider, who was missing at the time, during a protest to condemn the disappearances of social activists in Karachi, Pakistan, Jan. 19, 2017.\nIntel agencies suspected\nThe near simultaneous abductions prompted nationwide protests by Pakistani rights groups and media criticism of the government, demanding authorities immediately locate the men. They suspected state intelligence agencies were behind the kidnappings.\nThe federal interior minister repeatedly rejected the assertions and promised police would soon determine their whereabouts.\nHowever, since their abduction three weeks ago, some Pakistani talk show hosts and postings on social media accused the five men of committing blasphemy through their blogs and writings.\nFamilies and rights groups strongly denied the blasphemy allegations and insisted the men were kidnapped for promoting liberal views and criticism of Pakistan\u2019s powerful military.\n\u201cThe allegations of blasphemy against the \"missing\" activists and bloggers have put their lives in grave danger of vigilante killings after their return from their mysterious disappearance and captivity,\u201d a leading human rights activist told VOA.\nShe refused to be identified, saying the atmosphere and environment is so fearsome in Pakistan that most people who have any information or views on this case are afraid to speak on the record.\nWhile insulting Islam or The Prophet Muhammad carries the death penalty in Pakistan, even mere charges of blasphemy have provoked extrajudicial mob killings of suspects by religious fanatics.\nSecurity institutions in Pakistan have long been accused by rights groups of being behind forced disappearances of people in southwestern Baluchistan province where ethnic Baluch separatists are waging a low-level insurgency.\nOfficials have denied the allegations but ironically, judicial interventions in recent years have led to freedom for hundreds of Pakistanis from illegal detention.\n",
        "caption": "Human rights activists hold a picture of Salman Haider, who was missing at the time, during a protest to condemn the disappearances of social activists in Karachi, Pakistan, Jan. 19, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/868C6972-B3CB-44BC-861B-76366285E958.jpg",
        "id": "10794_2",
        "answer": [
            "university lecturer",
            "progressive poet and university lecturer",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Salman Haider",
            "Haider"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_28_3696708",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_28_3696708_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What other government did the government of the men in the image interact with?",
        "context": "Putin: Russia-Turkey Relations \u2018Being Re-established Quickly'\nRussian President Vladimir Putin said Friday that Russian-Turkish relations are strengthening as the two countries seek ways to reduce the scale of fighting in the six-year Syrian conflict.\n\"We are very happy that connections between our countries are being re-established quickly,\" Putin told reporters as he hosted Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan in Moscow. \"We are actively working on solving the most serious crisis, first of all the Syrian one.\"\nRussia and Turkey worked closely to broker a cease-fire in Syria in December. In addition to co-sponsoring two negotiating sessions this year between the Syrian government and the opposition, they collaborated on a campaign to neutralize the Islamic State militant group in Syria.\nTheir increasingly close relationship comes after the two nations supported opposing sides in Syria, with Russia assisting the regime of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad and Turkey throwing its support behind some Syrian opposition forces.\nThree Turkish soldiers were accidentally killed last month in a Russian air raid, but it did not derail military coordination between the two countries.\nTop military officials from Russia, Turkey and the U.S. met earlier this week in the Turkish city of Antalya in an apparent attempt to prevent other such incidents.\nThe military officials also took steps to build trust between Turkish-supported Syrian opposition forces, U.S.-allied Kurdish troops and Russian-supported Syrian government forces. All of the forces are battling their way toward Islamic State group\u2019s de facto capital of Raqqa.\n",
        "caption": "Russian President Vladimir Putin, left, speaks to Turkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdogan during their meeting in the Kremlin in Moscow, Russia, March 10, 2017. The talks focused on Syria, where Russia and Turkey have launched a joint mediation effort and coordinated their military action against the Islamic State group.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/9F5BF3D9-1EB8-42BA-AB46-B77606BC7B78.jpg",
        "id": "33058_1",
        "answer": [
            "U.S."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Turkey"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_10_3760028",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_10_3760028_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is likely a subject of one of the objects the girl in the image is unpacking?",
        "context": "Russian Has Become 'Second Language' Taught in Syrian Schools, Official Says\nRussian has become the \"second language\" taught in Syrian schools, and President Bashar al-Assad's children are studying Russian, Syria's ambassador to Russia was quoted as saying Friday.\n\"The decision by Assad that the Russian language become the country's second language is a sign of gratitude to the Russian people for their support of the Syrians,\" Russia's TASS state news agency quoted Syria's Ambassador Riyad Haddad as saying.\n\"Also as a mark of that gratitude, many families are even naming their sons Putin,\" Haddad added.\n\"It is no secret if I say that the children of the president [Bashar al-Assad] are now learning Russian,\" Interfax news agency quoted the ambassador as saying.\nAccording to Haddad, Russian-language instruction in Syria's schools starts in the seventh grade, and Russian language departments have been opened in all of Syria's universities.\nRussian news agencies also quoted the ambassador as saying Syria's president has donated a plot of land near Damascus for the construction of a Russian school.\n",
        "caption": "Syrian children unpack their backpacks \u2014 donated by UNICEF \u2014 inside a classroom in Ras al-Ain city, Syria, Feb. 1, 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/E76F74D8-7033-444A-9DE5-86329599EA2C.jpg",
        "id": "31186_1",
        "answer": [
            "Russian"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "children"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_21_3820328",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_21_3820328_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What two roles does the man in the image represent?",
        "context": "US Governors Annual Meeting to Focus on $1 Trillion Infrastructure Plan \nU.S. President Donald Trump's $1 trillion proposal to fix the nation's crumbling infrastructure is expected to be the primary focus of the country's governors as they gather in Washington for three days of meetings.\nHealth care reform, education, childhood hunger and cybersecurity will also dominate policy discussions at the annual winter gathering of the National Governors Association, according to the NGA.\nCalifornia Governor Jerry Brown on Friday announced a $437 million plan for flood control and emergency response following a scare over the near-failure of a dam spillway that forced about 200,000 people to evacuate.\nWhite House spokesman Sean Spicer called the situation \"a textbook example\" of why Congress needs to pass a major infrastructure funding bill.\nThe meeting, which began Friday, comes on the heels of executive orders signed by Trump designed to get tougher on the estimated 11 million illegal immigrants in the U.S. by cutting off billions of dollars in federal funds to so-called sanctuary cities. These are U.S. cities and counties that limit cooperation with federal immigration authorities.\nTexas Gov. Greg Abbott, center, talks with Vice President Mike Pence during a luncheon for governors at the Naval Observatory in Washington, Feb. 24, 2017.\nTrump's plans include deputizing local law enforcement agents to act as immigration agents.\nVirginia Governor and NGA Chairman Terry McAuliffe told reporters at the meeting Friday that he considered the new measures \"immoral and illegal.\" He said he wanted to reassure Virginia's many foreign-born residents that they would be protected from harassment.\n\"I'm not going to let my local law enforcement officers be used for ICE [immigration] officials,\" McAuliffe said. \"We're going to make sure that we continue to be open and welcoming.\"\n\"Virginia is where the first immigrants [to the United States] came in 1607,\" he continued. \"And we're going to protect our heritage, and we're going to work hard to protect the civil liberties of everybody.\"\nOregon Governor Kate Brown, also a Democrat, told VOA\u2019s Urdu service \u201cWe have a statute that prohibits law enforcement from treating immigrants as criminals.\u201d She went on to say, \u201cState agencies will not participate in any type of Muslim registry.\u201d\nNevada Governor Brian Sandoval, a Republican, said: \u201cSomething that\u2019s always incredibly important to me, is to protect the civil liberties of everybody, whether you\u2019re documented or undocumented.\u201d\nUtah Governor Gary Herbert, also a Republican, told VOA, \u201cWe recognize that refugees come, usually running away from terror; they\u2019re not terrorists themselves.\u201d He said Utah teaches refugees skills to find work in the state where they are integrated into society. \u201cWe have about 65,000 of them in Utah. It works very well for us,\u201d he added.\nOne of the orders signed by Trump also authorizes the construction of a wall along the southern border the U.S. shares with Mexico and the hiring of thousands of immigration enforcement officers, potentially setting up a faceoff between the Trump administration and state officials.\nTrump's Homeland Security Department at one point considered using the National Guard to assist with deportations, but the White House said last Friday that it had ruled out the idea.\nDuring the governors' gathering, they'll meet with Trump and other members of the new administration, as well as with members of Congress on Capitol Hill.\n\"Now more than ever, governors' involvement is paramount as Congress and the administration develop new policies that affect our citizens,\" McAuliffe said.\nFILE - Virginia Gov. Terry McAuliffe, gestures during a news conference at the Capitol in Richmond, Va., Jan. 10, 2017.\nEarlier this month, the NGA submitted a list of 428 \"shovel ready\" infrastructure projects to the administration. The NGA has not made the final list publicly available, but lists from individual states include a range of transportation, energy, water and other projects.\nIn December, the NGA, under guidance of the Trump transition team, asked the states to submit up to five projects. But the western state of California alone submitted 51 projects that state officials said would require an investment in excess of $100 billion.\nTrump promised throughout his presidential campaign to invest up to $1 trillion to repair aging roads, bridges and transportation centers. That is far less than the $3.6 trillion the American Society of Civil Engineers said is needed by 2020.\nAdvisers to the president have said the projects could be funded by public-private partnerships instead of relying entirely on federal spending.\nWhile the administration has suggested that the projects be evaluated by a bipartisan panel, Congress is also expected to play a significant role in the development of an infrastructure program.\nThe NGA, which holds two annual meetings, said a record number of 46 governors would attend the winter meeting in Washington.\nThe NGA describes itself as \"the bipartisan organization of the nation's governors\" that \"promotes visionary state leadership, shares best practices, and speaks with a collective voice on national policy.\" It is composed of the governors of the 50 U.S. states and five territories.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Virginia Gov. Terry McAuliffe, gestures during a news conference at the Capitol in Richmond, Va., Jan. 10, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/3576FA8C-68DC-47A1-9E0E-DF59B9351F5C.jpg",
        "id": "27423_3",
        "answer": [
            "Virginia Governor and NGA Chairman "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Terry McAuliffe"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_24_3738710",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_24_3738710_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What also happened in the event from the image?",
        "context": " No Sanctions in Hand, Tillerson Heads into Moscow Meetings\nLONDON \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson is set to meet Wednesday with Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov with a focus on Syria, Ukraine and U.S.-Russia relations.\nTillerson arrived in Moscow with less ammunition than Washington and London had hoped he would have in his bid to convince Russia to abandon Syrian President Bashar al Assad.\nBut he does have a tough ultimatum in hand, following reports quoting unidentified senior U.S. officials as saying that Russia had prior knowledge of the attack that killed scores of people including women and children.\nWatch: Tillerson Has Tough Talk for Russia's Role in Syria\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTillerson in Moscow for Talks with Russian Counterpart\nShare this video\n0:02:11\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:11\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 6.0MB\n360p | 8.0MB\n720p | 57.0MB\nG7 ministers meeting Tuesday in the Italian city of Lucca failed to agree on targeted sanctions against the Russian and Syrian military, arguing that an investigation would first have to confirm who in Syria used chemical weapons against civilians in the country last week.\n\u201cWe cannot let this happen again,\u201d Tillerson told reporters before flying to Moscow. \u201cWe want to relieve the suffering of the Syrian people. Russia can be a part of that future and play an important role,\u201d he said. \u201cOr Russia can maintain its alliance with this group, which we believe is not going to serve Russia's interests longer term.\u201d\nThe chemical attack prompted a world outcry and a U.S. missile attack that marked a turning point in the Trump administration's approach to the seven-year-old conflict.\nVictims of the chemical weapons attack lie on the ground in Khan Sheikhoun, in the northern province of Idlib, Syria, April 4, 2017.\nU.S. President Donald Trump and British Prime Minister Theresa May had agreed to press Russia to distance itself from Assad following the chemical attack by imposing targeted sanctions, but Germany and Italy, both leading G-7 nations, disagreed.\nRussian President Vladimir Putin \u201cmust not be pushed into a corner,\u201d said Italian Foreign Minister Angelino Alfano said Tuesday.\nFor his part, Putin called Tuesday for a U.N. probe of last week's attack. Without elaborating, he also said Russia has received intelligence about planned \u201cprovocations\u201d using chemical weapons that would put the blame on the Syrian government.\nThe G7 ministers' decision in Italy now means the prospect of sanctions is dim. The process of launching an investigation would be long and complex, requiring a U.N. resolution and an agreement by the Assad government for weapons inspectors to access sites in territory under Assad's control before establishing who was responsible and whether there was Russian complicity.\nSyria's President Bashar al-Assad is interviewed Feb. 10, 2017, in Syria. Thousands of Afghans from Iran are involved in the Syrian conflict, many sent against their will, Human Rights Watch reports.\nAs the ground rapidly shifted regarding the U.S. approach to Syria, Tillerson made it clear that Washington hopes Assad will not be part of Syria's future. He told the foreign ministers in Lucca U.S. missile strikes were necessary as a matter of U.S. national security, and indicated the Trump administration may not be done with Assad.\n\u201cWe do not want the regime's uncontrolled stockpile of chemical weapons to fall into the hands of ISIS or other terrorist groups who could, and want, to attack the United States or our allies. Nor can we accept the normalization of the use of chemical weapons by other actors or countries in Syria or elsewhere,\u201d Tillerson said.\n",
        "caption": "Victims of the chemical weapons attack lie on the ground in Khan Sheikhoun, in the northern province of Idlib, Syria, April 4, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/89748821-485A-443B-9757-D68C5BF89F7E.jpg",
        "id": "5356_2",
        "answer": [
            "killed scores of people including women and children",
            "planned \u201cprovocations\u201d"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "attack",
            "chemical weapons attack"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_11_3805326",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_11_3805326_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in the suit in the image announce?",
        "context": "US Cities, States, Businesses Vow to Still Measure Greenhouse Gas Emissions\nNEW YORK \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. cities and states will work with experts to measure their progress toward meeting Paris climate agreement goals, representatives said Wednesday, sidestepping President Donald Trump's decision to pull the country out of the global pact.\nThe initiative by 227 cities and counties, nine states and more than 1,500 businesses, including Fortune 500 companies, was announced in a statement by California Governor Jerry Brown and Michael Bloomberg, a former New York mayor.\n\"Today we're sending a clear message to the world that America's states, cities and businesses are moving forward with our country's commitments under the Paris Agreement \u2014 with or without Washington,\" Brown said in a statement.\n\"America's Pledge,\" as the plan has been dubbed, came a month after the White House announced it was leaving the 2015 Paris accord, agreed to by nearly 200 countries, to curb climate-warming greenhouse gas emissions.\nCollective effort\nThat decision was met with dismay across the world, but it prompted state governors and city mayors to say they would collectively show their country still remained committed to cutting emissions that scientists blame for global warming.\nIn a growing movement, cities, states and companies have since endorsed various statements promising to step up efforts to slow climate change.\nFILE - Michael Bloomberg, the U.N. Special Envoy for Cities and Climate Change, speaks at the C40 Mayors Summit at a hotel in Mexico City, Mexico, Dec. 1, 2016. Last month, in an effort to fill a climate leadership void, Bloomberg committed $200 million to support city initiatives, including projects to combat global warming through a grant program called the American Cities Initiative.\n\"The American government may have pulled out of the Paris Agreement, but American society remains committed to it \u2014 and we will redouble our efforts to achieve its goals,\" said Bloomberg in a statement.\nOutside experts with the World Resources Institute and the Rocky Mountain Institute, two U.S.-based nonprofits, have been retained to conduct the study on current and projected emissions of \"America's Pledge\" affiliates.\nThe affiliates hope to present findings to the United Nations at a Bonn, Germany, climate meeting in November.\nUnder the Paris deal, former President Barack Obama's administration had vowed to cut greenhouse gas emissions by 26 percent to 28 percent below 2005 levels by 2025.\nBut in abandoning the accord, Trump said the federal government would not honor those pledges, which were nonbinding.\nBloomberg commitment\nStill, last month in an effort to fill a climate leadership void, Bloomberg, a U.N. envoy on cities and climate change, committed $200 million to support city initiatives, including projects to combat global warming through a grant program called the American Cities Initiative.\nBloomberg Philanthropies has also committed to separately fund America's Pledge, Antha Williams, a spokeswoman for the group, told the Thomson Reuters Foundation in a phone interview.\nIn a statement, U.N. chief Ant\u00f3nio Guterres welcomed the plan to assess how U.S. cities, states and others are contributing to slashing global greenhouse gas emissions.\n\"This is demonstrably not an issue that can be addressed by national governments alone,\" he said.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - California Gov. Jerry Brown discusses a bill with budget analyst Chris Ferguson, right, in Sacramento, California, July 7, 2017. Brown and legislative leaders released a plan Monday to extend through 2030 California's cap-and-trade program, a key piece of the state's quest to fight climate change by drastically reducing emissions from greenhouse gases. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/23E6DDFF-4961-4269-B6CB-64D1F1F29C46.jpg",
        "id": "7481_1",
        "answer": [
            "The initiative",
            "U.S. cities and states will work with experts to measure their progress toward meeting Paris climate agreement goals"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Jerry Brown"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_12_3941734",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_12_3941734_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the nation where the mural in the image is going to do?",
        "context": "Global Climate Leadership Might Prove Costly for China\nChina may appear set to seize the global leadership on climate change due to the U.S. pull out of the Paris agreement, but it will have to pay a heavy cost for such a move as Washington\u2019s withdrawal would result in a sharp reduction of available funds for environmental projects, and Beijing may have to fill some of the gap.\nShortly after U.S. President Donald Trump announced his decision to withdraw from the Paris climate agreement, China reiterated its commitment to the deal and issued a joint statement with the European Union saying the pursuit of clean energy \u201cwill become a main pillar of their bilateral partnership.\" That prompted widespread speculation that China could replace the United States as the world leader in reducing harmful carbon emissions.\nBut some environmental activists say China will find it difficult to establish global leadership in a situation where Chinese companies are investing in polluting mines and industries under the Belt and Road program.\nThe challenge for Beijing is to revamp its program of shifting industrial overcapacity to other countries and stop Chinese companies from exporting polluting factories to less developed countries that have lax environmental laws.\n\u201cOur concern is that those investments that China is making abroad are in line with both the local environmental regulations, but also the Paris agreement,\u201d said Greenpeace Global Policy Advisor Li Shuo. \u201cWhat is indeed part of the concern, we are talking about exporting, for example, coal power plants, then it is almost unavoidable that the pollution that is associated with such a project will be translated into other countries as well.\u201d\nConcerns about the financial challenge thrown up by the Trump administration's decision was also voiced by the Chinese foreign ministry. \"Developed countries should fulfill their obligations under the UNFCCC (United Nations Framework on Climate Change) and Paris agreement to offer financial support to developing countries through the green climate fund and mechanism,\" said ministry spokesperson Hua Chunying.\nLi praised China for its remarkable success in stalling the rise in carbon emissions for three successive years. But said emerging as a global leader may be difficult.\n\u201cThis is not a black or white situation. I think (on the issue of) Chinese advancing on international climate action, there are indeed a lot of setbacks in other fields,\u201d he said.\nHe pointed out that Chinese cities still suffered from heavy smog, and Chinese companies were investing in polluting businesses abroad.\nPower grid stand against the residential and office buildings in Beijing as the capital of China is shrouded by mild pollution haze on June 5, 2017.\nThe Chinese economy is held down by tremendous overcapacity in traditional sectors like coal, steel, and cement, and most of them are extremely polluting. China faces the prospects of laying off millions of workers to reduce overcapacity. Transferring overcapacity to other countries was one reason why the Belt and Road program was formulated.\nBut Beijing may be forced to sacrifice a part of the ambitious program if it wants to take moral leadership on the climate change issue, analysts said.\nThe only gain for Chinese President Xi Jinping from the Trump decision will be in the form of rhetoric, Simon Baptist, chief economist, Asia at The Economist Intelligence Unit (The EIU) said.\n\u201cThis gives Xi Jinping an opportunity to pursue his agenda of increasing China's soft power. I mean he will certainly give some rhetoric about being a leader on climate change,\u201d Baptist told VOA. \u201c(But) China is far from being an environmental leader in a way a country like, maybe Denmark or Sweden could be considered to be. I mean it is quite a carbon intensive economy.\u201d\nChina's environmental activists are extremely uneasy because they fear a sharp reduction in funds for green projects. They also fear U.S.-based companies may cut their investments in emission reduction programs. American companies like Apple and Coca-Cola have emerged as role models in the task of establishing environmentally friendly production and distribution systems.\nOffice workers wearing face masks walk on a street as Beijing is hit by polluted air and sandstorm, May 4, 2017.\nMa Jun, director of the Institute of Public and Environmental Affairs in Beijing, said there was some uncertainty about whether the Trump administration's decision would mean less fund allocation by World Bank and Asian Development Bank on green projects.\n\u201cThat is part of the uncertainties. We all know that they (World Bank and Asian Development Bank) can be much impacted by America. ...I hope that they will continue to support the fight against climate change,\u201d Ma told VOA. \u201cI (also) heard from some of the American NGO partners that they are having difficulty to get the government (funds).\u201d\nMa even appealed to U.S. states and multinational companies to differ from Washington and express their commitment to climate change goals.\nA man wears a face mask as he walks across a pedestrian bridge during a dust and sand storm in Beijing, May 4, 2017.\nSeveral states and large corporations have said they intend to move forward with U.S. commitments to the Paris agreement.\nGovernor Jerry Brown, who heads the largest state of California, was in Beijing this week to sign an agreement with the Chinese president on reducing emissions.\nOne day before the decision, Chinese Premier Li Keqiang told his German counterpart, Angela Merkel, that his government will remain committed to the Paris deal, and \"with tremendous efforts, China will move towards the 2030 goal step-by-step steadfastly.\"\n",
        "caption": "A migrant worker listens to radio on his tricycle cart parked next to a billboard promoting environment protection with the slogan \"Environment protection starts from you and me\" on display at the Central Business District of Beijing, June 5, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/EBC18D20-2DD0-4BA8-86CA-A7F8E38A5985.jpg",
        "id": "24142_1",
        "answer": [
            "seize the global leadership on climate change"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "China"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_09_3893540",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_09_3893540_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the people in the image meet to discuss?",
        "context": "Israel Approves Thousands of West Bank Homes\nJERUSALEM \u2014\u00a0\nIsrael has served up plans for thousands of homes across the West Bank in the first announcement of settlement construction since President Donald Trump urged a building freeze in February. \nAn Israeli Defense Ministry committee responsible for West Bank construction gave the green light to plans for around 3,000 homes at various stages of the approval process.\nConstruction is far from finalized, but it\u2019s the first major approval of plans since Trump told Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu to \u201chold back on settlements for a little bit\u201d while Washington tries to renew peace talks. \nNetanyahu\u2019s office wasn\u2019t available for comment on whether the move was cleared with Washington beforehand. \nPalestinians hope to establish a state in the West Bank and Gaza Strip. They say Israeli settlements are an obstacle to peace.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - President Donald Trump shakes hands with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu after making a joint statement in Jerusalem, May 22, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/6E15DDB2-4CD3-4819-898F-A5DA5BFB9D59.jpg",
        "id": "910_1",
        "answer": [
            "plans for thousands of homes across the West Bank",
            "peace",
            "settlement construction",
            "joint statement"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Donald Trump Benjamin Netanyahu",
            "Donald Trump",
            "President Donald Trump",
            "Israeli"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_08_3891794",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_08_3891794_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "How did the man in the center of the image respond to citizens who resist his policies?",
        "context": "US Offers Training as Somalia Fights for Security\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nThe U.S. and the African Union agree that the time for Somalis to take over security responsibility in their country is swiftly approaching.\nDuring a conference call organized by U.S. Africa Command in Stuttgart, Germany, General Thomas Waldhauser, Commander of AFRICOM, said the recent announcement that the U.S. will send 40 troops to Somalia does not signal a change in strategy. The U.S. will play a support role training the Somali National Army to create efficient logistics networks to supply their troops.\n\u201cThis is part of a routine deployment that has been really in the works for quite some time,\u201d Waldhauser said.\nSomalia and its international partners are working to train a 28,000-person national army after more than two decades of civil war and turmoil. The terror group al-Shabab still controls an estimated 10 percent of the country and conducts regular attacks against military and civilian targets. Somalia relies largely on the 22,000-person African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) for its security.\nU.S. troops on training mission\n\u201cOur goal from the United States' perspective, in conjunction with our partners who are there doing the training, is that the Somali National Security Forces will be prepared to provide for their own security sometime in the 2020/21 timeframe when the next series of elections go,\u201d Waldhauser said. \u201cWe all have to pull together to make sure that we're very effective and efficient in the training now.\u201d\nAmbassador Francisco Madeira, the civilian head of AMISOM, said the AU intends to begin drawing down its forces in 2018.\n\"We were not intending to stay there forever,\" he said. \"Somalia is for the Somalis. We, like all other Africans, we have our own countries.\"\nSomali President Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed, center, attends a celebrations marking the 57th anniversary since Somali military was founded , in Mogadishu, Somalia, April 12, 2017.\nElection boosts hopes for peace \nProspects for peace in Somalia were aided by a peaceful 2017 election and a smooth transfer of power to new President Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed. Madeira believes setting a timeline for withdrawal will allow the new Somali government to strengthen its institutions to face the continued terror threat as well as address internal clan divisions.\n\u201cWe are in solidarity with the Somali people, we need to support Somali people. We have interests to have a stable Somalia,\u201d Madeira said. \u201cBut surely, the Somalis, the country, can only be best defended by the Somalis themselves, who understand better their dynamics, their reality and their priorities and their objectives.\u201d\nIn early April, President Mohamed announced that he would offer amnesty to members of al-Shabab who renounce extremism and agree to undergo demobilization and reintegration training. Mohamed declared war on all extremists who rejected the offer.\nExtremist group in hiding\nLieutenant General Osman Noor Soubagleh, AMISOM force commander, said the extremist group holds very little territory in the country but hides among the civilian population. This makes eradicating them difficult.\n\u201cWhenever you fight, they melt with the population and they have no confront with the AMISOM. So the territory they have, when you go there, they melt with the population and you cannot touch them,\u201d he said.\nThe last push to take out al-Shabab will require additional intelligence gathering and aerial surveillance, Soubagleh said.\n\u201cPresident Farmajo just announced an amnesty toward the elements of Al-Shabaab who have joined that organization for other different reasons. And he has opened his hands. But you will have to be clear. Those who still want to persist in their evil activities and violent activities against the people of Somalia and against the government of Somalia, these ones will have to be confronted by the force of arms,\u201d Soubagleh said.\n",
        "caption": "Somali President Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed, center, attends a celebrations marking the 57th anniversary since Somali military was founded , in Mogadishu, Somalia, April 12, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/1F725674-BAF5-4701-8944-AD693FE9C3B1.jpg",
        "id": "28592_2",
        "answer": [
            "declared war"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Mohamed"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_24_3823846",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_24_3823846_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person on the right of the image insisting?",
        "context": "IGAD Leaders to Help Send Refugees Back Home\n NAIROBI \u2014\u00a0\nThe leaders of the Intergovernmental Authority on Development regional grouping, meeting in Nairobi Saturday, agreed to facilitate the voluntary return of refugees and address the political and security situation in Somalia.\nEight leaders from eastern Africa met in Nairobi to discuss the situation of Somali refugees in the region.\nThe meeting was held two months before the planned Dadaab refugee camp closure by the Kenyan government.\nKenyan President Uhuru Kenyatta insists the refugee camp in the northeast part of his country is no longer just a sanctuary for refugees but is the scene of criminal and terror activities too.\n\u201cInstead Dadaab has become a protracted situation characterized by hopelessness that easily feeds environmental destructions, a conflict between refugees and host communities, insecurity, radicalization, criminality and also allows terrorist operatives to exploit for its operational efforts,\u201d he said.\nRefugees stand outside their tent at the Ifo Extension refugee camp in Dadaab, near the Kenya-Somalia border, Oct. 19, 2011. Ahmed Warsame, the new UNHCR director for global emergencies has led UNHCR operations in Dadaab.\nMore than 200,000 refugees live in the Dadaab refugee camp. Close to a million Somalis are refugees in neighboring countries. Kenya hosts a third of those, and Ethiopia is home to a quarter of a million of Somalis.\nThe region is also facing a humanitarian crisis. More than 17 million are affected by drought and are in need of aid assistance.\nThe leaders said there was a need to respond to the humanitarian crisis to prevent new displacement of people.\nObservers fear the current crisis may threaten the lives of refugees returning to Somalia where 6 million-half of the population is hungry.\nThe heads of the nations in the summit said that voluntary repatriation is not the only option and has urged other countries to come forward and share responsibility through settling some of the refugees in third countries.\nSomali President Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed says his compatriots tell him the situation back at home has forced them to live in camps.\n\u201cToday 2.5 million Somalis refugees and IDPs live in camps in and out of the country. Tragically some have lived in the camps for three generations,\" he said. \"All the environment was not conducive enough in Somalia for them to return.\u201d\nFILE - A girl carries a baby boy in a camp in Kismayo, Somalia that is home to both displaced Somalis and returned refugees on September 27, 2016. (J. Patinkin/VOA)\nMohamed says his government will call on the rest of the nations in the region to improve the security situation.\n\u201cWe will increase our effort to jointly achieve the objectives of this conference on the voluntary return of our people, safe and dignified manner and to provide global solutions so that they can participate in the rebuilding of prosperous, and peaceful Somalia at peace and harmony with itself and neighbors,\u201d he said.\nKenya, Uganda, Djibouti, Burundi and Ethiopia have sent troops to Somalia to support the government and fight Islamist militant group al-Shabab.\nThe UNHCR\u2019s assistant high commissioner for operations, George Obbo, creating a safe place for refugees will require a collective effort.\n\u201cSolutions for refugees and internal displaced are, however, fundamentally linked to resolving conflict, and building stability inside Somalia but these should not be pursued as sequential states rather we need to engage a range of tools and actors,\" he said. \"To help build the conditions will allow those refugees who are ready to return home to do so voluntarily.\u201d\nThe U.N.\u2019s refugee agency is calling for a joint effort to mitigate the effect of drought and avert famine in the region to reduce the suffering of the population in Eastern Africa.\n",
        "caption": "Kenya's President Uhuru Kenyatta, right, and Ethiopia's PM Hailemariam Desalegn and the Chairman of the IGAD Assembly of Heads of State and Government, left, listen to speeches during the special summit, in Nairobi, March 25, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/707D7F39-4EBF-40CE-A919-D15489C7C106.jpg",
        "id": "30182_1_1",
        "answer": [
            "the refugee camp in the northeast part of his country is no longer just a sanctuary for refugees"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "President Uhuru Kenyatta"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_26_3782277",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_26_3782277_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person on the right of the image say?",
        "context": "Italian Minister: US, G-7 Far Apart on Paris Climate Deal\nItaly's environment minister, Gian Luca Galletti, says the United States and the rest of the G-7 are far apart on the Paris Climate Agreement and will remain so.\nGalletti is hosting other Group of Seven environment ministers for two days of talks in Bologna.\nHe said despite the policy split with the U.S., talks will take place on all matters concerning the global environment, including ways to clean up the polluted oceans.\n\"The international community is awaiting for our message,\" Galletti said, calling it one of sustainable development, ecology and serving the world population.\nU.S. Environmental Protection Agency chief Scott Pruitt appeared briefly at the Bologna talks. He had to return to Washington for a Cabinet meeting. But he tweeted that he \"spent meaningful time\" with the G-7 ministers.\n\"Engagement is essential to protecting and using our natural resources.\" Pruitt said.\nThe other G-7 ministers expressed disappointment at President Donald Trump's decision to pull the U.S. out of the Paris Climate Accord, which seeks to limit carbon emissions and reduce the rising global temperatures.\nTrump calls the pact unfair to the U.S., saying it would hurt the economy while doing next to nothing to prevent global warming.\nHis decision has been met with worldwide condemnation, including from within the U.S. itself. Many local governments pledge to carry out the provisions of Paris with or without the Trump administration.\nTrump has proposed renegotiating the Paris accord. But other world leaders say that would be impossible.\n",
        "caption": "Italy's Minister of the Environment Gian Luca Galletti (R) talks with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Administrator Scott Pruitt during a summit of environment ministers from the G-7 group of industrialized nations in Bologna, Italy, June 11, 2",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/16F32436-E569-4357-9898-471F1BC88296.jpg",
        "id": "31412_1",
        "answer": [
            "the United States and the rest of the G-7 are far apart on the Paris Climate Agreement"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Gian Luca Galletti"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_11_3896472",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_11_3896472_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in the white shirt in the image do?",
        "context": "Philippines, Cool to US, Explores Military Relationship With Russia\nTAIPEI \u2014\u00a0\nRussia and the Philippines are considering joint naval exercises, a link that would advance Manila\u2019s move toward a multi-country foreign policy and bulk up its military while giving both sides a chance to stand up to the United States.\nMoscow sent a destroyer and a naval oil tanker to a port in Manila last week for a five-day goodwill visit, and the two sides are looking to expand defense cooperation, media outlets in the Philippines say. Some observers expect Russia to offer military sales, good for commerce as well as the Philippine goal of improving defense.\n\u201cAs far as Duterte is concerned, he\u2019s a big fan of Putin and he wants to build relations with Putin,\u201d said Eduardo Araral, associate professor at the National University of Singapore\u2019s public policy school. \u201cHe wants to buy arms from Russia. The Philippines needs to build up its military and it doesn\u2019t want to be too dependent on the United States.\u201d\nPhilippine President Rodrigo Duterte has said since taking office in June that he wants to be less dependent on former colonizer the United States and have deeper relations with China, Japan and Russia.\nDuterte visited China and Japan in October, winning nods from both to help the relatively poor Southeast Asian country with aid and investment.\nThe arrival of two ships from Russia, which operates the world\u2019s second most powerful military, in Manila follows Duterte\u2019s upbeat meeting in November with Russian President Vladimir Putin at a regional summit in Peru. He told Putin then about his effort to distance his country from the United States.\nDuterte has used coarse language to allege that U.S. influence extends too far into his country. Manila and Washington have observed a mutual defense treaty since 1951, worked together on resisting Muslim rebels in the Philippine south and jointly patrolled Manila\u2019s contested claims to the South China Sea.\nBut Washington irritated Duterte last year with criticism of his government\u2019s suspected extrajudicial killings in the campaign to control illegal drugs.\nFILE - Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte, center left, salutes the troops with Armed Forces Chief Gen. Ricardo Visaya before boarding his flight for a three-day official visit to Japan.\nThe Soviet Union was the chief U.S. Cold War foe, and today\u2019s Russia often opposes U.S. involvement in the Middle East. The Philippines had little contact with Russia before Duterte\u2019s time because of its historic U.S. alliance.\nLast month the U.S. government ordered 35 Russian diplomats to leave the United States and closed two Russian compounds over what it described as \u201cmalicious\u201d internet activities to influence the November 8 American elections.\n\"Russia's helping the Philippines is a shot across America's bow, as Moscow's letting us know it can operate in what has long been considered U.S.-friendly territory,\u201d said Sean King, senior vice president with the New York political consultancy Park Strategies. \u201cIt's hard to say how far the cooperation can, or will, go but its symbolism cannot be overstated.\u201d\nDuterte\u2019s spokesman said Thursday he saw the Russian ship visit as a chance to strengthen naval relations, Philippine media reported. The eventual signing of a Philippine-Russian memorandum of understanding could allow for military exchanges, joint exercises and student visits, the spokesman was quoted saying.\nAny sales of Russian weaponry would probably lack human rights conditions, Araral said, whereas the United States may require that arms from American defense contractors not be used in the anti-drug campaign.\nStronger ties with the Philippines would help Russia sell weapons to the Asian country, Araral said. Russia has the world\u2019s second strongest military after the United States, according to the database GlobalFirePower.com, while the Philippines ranks 51st.\nThe country of about 7,100 islands has no destroyers or submarines, the database says. Russia operates 15 destroyers and 60 subs.\nRussia is also seen as wanting more influence elsewhere in Asia, though not enough to cause friction with regional military heavyweights such as China, Vietnam or Indonesia.\n\u201cRussia is trying to create a Eurasian arc stretching from Byelorussia to Southeast Asia,\u201d said Fabrizio Bozzato, an associate researcher specialized in international affairs at Tamkang University in Taiwan.\n\u201cSo establishing a partnership with the Philippines would be conducive or instrumental to its own Asia Pacific grand plan,\u201d he said. \u201cSecondly, by creating a military cooperation with the Philippines, Moscow will further decouple the Philippines from the U.S.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte, center left, salutes the troops with Armed Forces Chief Gen. Ricardo Visaya before boarding his flight for a three-day official visit to Japan.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/E39D0345-A65D-4893-B358-A43D3C9A78CD.jpg",
        "id": "14184_2",
        "answer": [
            "Used coarse language to allege that U.S. influences extend too far into his country ",
            "visited China and Japan in October",
            "Salutes the troops with Armed Forces Chief Gen. Ricardo Visaya "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte",
            "Duterte"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_09_3668494",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_09_3668494_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What will the person wearing the red tie in the image do?",
        "context": "No Breakthrough Reported on Qatar Blockade After Tillerson Talks with Saudi-Led Group\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson returns to Doha Thursday to meet with the emir of Qatar, Sheikh Bin Hamad Al-Thani, the latest step in a round of shuttle diplomacy aimed at resolving a standoff between Qatar and a group that includes Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain and Egypt.\nThe Saudi-led group accuses Qatar of supporting terrorism and has given Doha a 13-point list of demands after severing diplomatic ties in early June. Qatar has said it is willing to negotiate but will not give up its sovereignty.\nTillerson met with ministers from the Saudi-led group Wednesday in Jeddah, but did not speak to reporters afterward. Before the talks, a senior UAE official said any resolution of the conflict must go beyond terrorism financing and address all key issues.\nAfter an earlier meeting this week with Qatari Foreign Minister Mohammed bin Abdulrahman al-Thani, Tillerson announced the United States and Qatar signed a memorandum of understanding for Doha to take steps to curb terrorism financing.\nBut the Saudi-led group said in a statement that while they appreciate U.S. counterterror efforts, the agreement signed Tuesday \u201cis not enough\u201d and they will be closely monitoring Qatar\u2019s \u201cseriousness\u201d in combating the funding and support of terrorism.\nU.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson, left, and the Qatari Minister of Foreign Affairs Sheikh Mohammed bin Abdulrahman Al Thani take part in a press conference in Doha, Qatar, July 11, 2017.\nBrokering a crisis\nThe U.S. is concerned the dispute could hurt its military and counterterrorism operations and enhance Iran\u2019s influence in the region. Qatar hosts the largest U.S. military facility in the Middle East, which aircraft from the U.S.-led coalition use to launch attacks against Islamic State militants in Iraq and Syria.\nAaron David Miller of the Washington-based Wilson Center, an adviser to both Republican and Democratic secretaries of state in Middle East negotiations, told VOA the conflict with Qatar and Saudi Arabia and its allies has been brewing for years, saying in many ways, Qatar\u2019s open domestic policies embody Saudi Arabia\u2019s worst fears and amount to competing views of the shape of the Middle East. He said it would be very difficult for Tillerson, or anyone else, to help broker a long-term agreement.\nAmnesty International issues warning\nAs Tillerson shuttled through the Gulf, the international human rights group Amnesty International called on the secretary to not overlook the issue of human rights and advocate for the release of activists being detained in Gulf states for \u201cpeacefully expressing dissent.\u201d\n\u201cWhile Secretary Tillerson holds talks with the leaders of Saudi Arabia and other Gulf countries, human rights defenders are in prison and face torture for speaking out against horrific abuses in the region,\u201d said Naureen Shah, senior director of campaigns at Amnesty International USA.\n\u201cTillerson should condemn the persecution of peaceful dissidents, many who are facing bogus national security charges. Otherwise, Tillerson risks giving Gulf governments a green light to continue ruthless crackdowns on dissent.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson, left, meets with Saudi King Salman, right, in Jiddah, Saudi Arabia, July 12, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/C470F98A-E1FA-4942-8273-CCDF605C5513.jpg",
        "id": "15833_1",
        "answer": [
            "meet with the emir of Qatar, Sheikh Bin Hamad Al-Thani, the latest step in a round of shuttle diplomacy aimed at resolving a standoff between Qatar and a group that includes Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain and Egypt",
            "meet with the emir of Qatar",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson",
            "Rex Tillerson"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_12_3941547",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_12_3941547_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who have the people in the image fought with?",
        "context": "Thai Authorities Continue Standoff at Buddhist Temple\nBANGKOK \u2014\u00a0\nThe Thai military government, in a test of political resolve, is in a standoff with monks from an influential Buddhist temple that has placed religious politics at the center of national debate.\nThe Wat Phra Dhammakaya temple complex, located 50 kilometers north of Bangkok, covers 336 hectares, has a series of buildings and meditation centers reportedly worth an estimated $10 billion.\nAuthorities are searching for the temple's abbot, who has eluded arrest on charges related to millions of dollars in embezzled funds that were donated to the temple.\nInfluential and wealthy Buddhist temple\nThe Dhammakaya temple, one of the most influential in Thailand, attracts tens of thousands of devotees with mass meditations and ordinations of monks, as well as reaching devotees elsewhere in Thailand and overseas.\nThai Buddhist monks pray and gather at Wat Dhammakaya temple in Pathum Thani, Thailand, Feb. 22, 2016.\nAnalysts say the temple has become a battle for influence over Thai Buddhism, the religion of over 90 percent of Thailand\u2019s 68 million people.\nThe temple\u2019s considerable influence, including within the Buddhist hierarchy, is seen as challenging Thailand\u2019s more orthodox Buddhist community, say analysts.\nIn the past, the temple\u2019s monks have called for Buddhism to be recognized as a national religion within the constitution, a move resisted by past governments.\nStrong Buddhist abbot leads temple\nThe charismatic abbot, Luang Por Dhammajayo, 72, and the temple\u2019s considerable wealth have also drawn criticism. Devotees are reported to donate large sums to the temple to gain \u2018merit\u2019.\nControversy caught up with the temple after a devotee, a senior member of a credit union, embezzled $344 million, and donated $42 million to the temple. The credit union official is serving 16 years in jail over the theft. \nThe temple says it has repaid the credit union cooperative a total of $30 million in cash and checks.\nCharges link abbot to embezzlement\nBut Thai authorities say Dhammajayo must face charges linked to the payments as well as other charges. In 2016, the government issued arrest warrants for the abbot who has avoided arrest, refusing to surrender to authorities.\nA Thai policeman checks identity card of a Buddhist monk of the Dhammakaya sect temple for security outside the temple in Pathum Thani, north of Bangkok, Thailand, Feb. 22, 2017.\nThe abbot\u2019s legal team has told local media he was unaware the donations came from the embezzled funds.\nThe government, applying powers under the interim constitution that grants Prime Minister Prayut Chan-o-cha wide powers, has stepped up efforts to search the complex.\nSearch efforts have led to standoff\nHundreds of police and officials have been sent to the complex, where they have involved themselves in a stand-off with lines of monks and supporters.\nGotham Areeya, an advisor to Mahidol University\u2019s Institute of Human Rights and Peace Studies, said the stand-off is part of official efforts to \u201creform\u201d Buddhism and reduce Wat Dhammakaya\u2019s influence.\n\u201c[The Buddhist establishment] think the way Dhammakaya is expanding, creating more and more followers, not only in this country but outside as they are very skillful administrators \u2013 they can organize the ordination of 100,000 monks. So it\u2019s a powerful organization behind it with a lot of money,\u201d Gotham said.\nA strategy of mass ordinations and ceremonies has attracted tens of thousands of supporters, including powerful politicians, bureaucrats and the business community.\nBut the temple\u2019s influence has also generated divisions within the Buddhist religious community.\nControversy divides Thailand's Buddhist leaders\nThe temple, observers say, has sought to extend its influence into the body of monks that oversees Buddhism in Thailand as well as the National Buddhist Office.\nIn 1999, the then head of the Buddhist clergy, Supreme Patriarch Somdet Phra Nyanasamvara Suvaddhang, who passed away in 2013, accused the temple of distorting Buddhist teachings, creating conflicts and moved to have Dhammajayo defrocked. It was also ruled he was required to return all the property and money earned during his time as a monk.\nFILE - Nuns and people take part in a procession with the royal carriage containing the remains of Thailand's Supreme Patriarch, Somdet Phra Nyanasamvara Somdet Phra Sangharaja, during his cremation ceremony in Bangkok, Thailand, December 16, 2015.\nA criminal case against Dhammajayo was withdrawn in 2006 and investigations by the National Office of Buddhism also failed to make headway \u201cdue to lack of evidence.\u201d\nBut the military government, in power since 2014, has moved to counter the influence of the temple, including within the Buddhist hierarchy.\nThe appointment of a new Supreme Patriarch, Ariavongsagatanana, came after legal changes that granted new Thai King Maha Vajiralongkorn the right to select the head of the Buddhist clergy.\nThe appointment overruled the earlier selection of a senior monk reportedly with close ties to Wat Dhammakaya.\nIn a further move, Thai Prime Minister, Prayut Chan-o-cha removed the National Buddhism Office\u2019s chief, who was replaced by a member of the Justice Ministry\u2019s Department of Special Investigation (DSI).\nPrayut also ordered the military and police to further search for the temple\u2019s abbot. Buddhist groups have been calling on the government to revoke the order.\nBut Thai Deputy Prime Minister, Prawit Wongsuwan, said the government is determined to press ahead with the search.\nSearch continues for abbot\n\u201cThe search [for the Abott] will continue no matter how many more weeks or even if a year passes \u2026 authorities are trying to avoid violent confrontations. But it is necessary to continue to enforce the law,\u201d Prawit told local media.\nBuddhist monks and devotees sit outside the Wat Phra Dhammakaya temple in Pathum Thani province, north of Bangkok, Thailand, Thursday, June 16, 2016.\nPanitan Wattanayagorn, a political scientist and advisor to Prawit, said an offer had been made to Dhammajayo to present himself in court and \u201cfight the case,\u201d but this was rejected.\n\u201cSo the government is not in a position to back away from implementing the law. There were attempts to make sure [of avoiding] consequences erupting from moving forward on this legal challenges,\u201d Panitan told VOA.\nHe said the government aimed to avoid a violent confrontation. \u201c[The officers] must engage peacefully and they must make sure that there is a solution that most people can accept,\u201d he said.\nSenior monk weighs in\nMano Laohavanich, a former senior monk at the temple, who fell out with Dhammajayo's teachings afer 17 years, believes the abbot is still in the temple complex and has avoided capture so far. \n\"I don't think that the stand-off will be that long - maybe a week or two that is the longest time. Security officers have to disperse the mob at the local market place in protest of the government. And then they have to remove the power lines to the temple - so that's how they are going to do it,\" Mano told VOA. He said the government still has the upper hand in the confrontation and there is no way for the abbot to escape.\nAttayuth Bootsiripoom, an editorial writer with The Nation newspaper, questioned the \"legitimacy of sending thousands of police and military officers to hunt for a monk who has, after all, been accused of gross misdemeanors rather than serious crimes.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Police remove a fence to facilitate traffic flow near Wat Phra Dhammakaya temple in Pathum Thani province, north of Bangkok, Thailand, Tuesday, Dec. 27, 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F93B149D-1B85-4DE7-A68E-CD931BA17415.jpg",
        "id": "16769_1",
        "answer": [
            "monks and supporters",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Police",
            "police"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_28_3743269",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_28_3743269_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What are people like those in the image given?",
        "context": "Growing Runner Beans to Avert Child Marriage, Trafficking in Eastern India\nCHARMAHATPUR, INDIA \u2014\u00a0\nFor a teenager, Sarjana Biswas has rather modest ambitions: finish school, go to college and become a government healthcare worker in her village.\nBut for young girls like Biswas in India's eastern state of West Bengal, even these would have been impossible dreams just a few years ago in a district plagued by a high rate of school dropouts, early marriage and human trafficking.\nThanks to a state program to keep young girls in school with cash incentives, coupled with efforts by land rights advocacy group Landesa to teach land literacy, girls like Biswas are daring to dream and plan for better futures.\n\"My sister got married when she was 15 years old. I didn't want to get married that young,\" said Biswas, 17, as she examined runner beans in the small vegetable garden that she helps tend to at the village community center.\n\"I have learned that girls should not get married so young, that we can also own land and cultivate what they want, earn and not be dependent on anyone,\" she said.\nCultivate crops\nNearly 70 girls like Biswas, aged 11 to 18, are enrolled in Landesa's Girls' Project that teaches them how to cultivate a small vegetable garden in their family plot.\nAlongside, they learn about the importance of education, the problems of early marriage, the benefits of nutritional food, financial literacy, and their rights - including land ownership.\nPartnering with the state, the program has reached more than 48,000 girls in over 1,000 villages in West Bengal's Cooch Behar district, helping reduce child marriage and school dropout rates, and preparing the girls to stake their claim to their own piece of land some day.\nBordering Bangladesh, the area is largely populated by poor farmers and migrant workers, and is a hotbed of trafficking. Young women and men are tricked into traveling elsewhere in India and to the Gulf region to be commercial sex workers.\nWest Bengal accounted for more than a third of India's trafficking victims in 2016, official data showed.\nGirls who have been through the project, which was launched in 2011, are more likely to stay in school, marry later, and have an asset in their name, said Sumit Gupta, chief revenue officer in Nadia district where Charmahatpur village is located.\n\"These issues are all linked to poverty, and landlessness is the biggest indicator of poverty. So using land literacy and land ownership to address these issues is a practical approach, and it has worked,\" he told the Thomson Reuters Foundation.\n\"We want to see these girls be independent and live with dignity. For that it's important they know their rights and the importance of land ownership,\" he said.\nSmall plots\nWest Bengal has a checkered history in land reforms. It was among the first states in India to enact a land reforms law as early as 1955, to give land to poor tenant farmers and to impose ceilings on land holdings.\nYet it has been slow to implement measures to redistribute land. About 70 percent of the state's rural households do not own land, higher than the national average of 56 percent.\nThe Girls' Project, which is being scaled up to reach 1.25 million girls, aims to bridge the gap for women.\nGirls learn to grow vegetables or fruits - even timber - in a corner of their family plots, so they can supplement their meals, as well as add to the family income, or set aside some money by selling some of the produce.\nTheir efforts are complemented by federal and state schemes for poor adolescent girls. The girls receive 750 rupees ($11) a year from the state toward their education, and 25,000 rupees ($380) on turning 18 if they are still in school and unmarried.\nDespite a law banning girls from being married before the age of 18, nearly half India's girls are married before that age, according to UNICEF, the U.N.'s children's agency.\nStaff at the community center have stopped about half a dozen child marriages in recent years, said Pinaki Haldar, Landesa's state director.\n\"Girls, particularly in rural areas, are seen as a burden, and are married early because the dowry that is demanded of the parents rises with older girls,\" he said.\n\"Educating girls on land impacts their thinking, their life, and builds their confidence. Even if she doesn't get much of an education, she learns to be independent, and also gains some value at home,\" he said.\nMy home, my land\nState chief minister Mamata Banerjee, who won an election in 2011 largely on the platform of supporting the rights of farmers and villagers over land, is a champion of land rights.\nShe introduced the 'Nijo griha, nijo bhoomi' (my home, my land) scheme that allocates plots of about 2,200 sq feet (204 sq meters) to each landless rural family, so they can build a small home and cultivate the rest of the land to sustain themselves.\nMore than 200,000 families have benefited so far. Some have daughters who have been educated about land rights and farming.\nAt the community center in Charmahatpur, about a dozen girls who have finished school for the day inspect cabbages, beans and spinach growing in the small garden in the back. They chatter and giggle as they pull out weeds and check for pests.\nIt took a while to convince parents about the benefits of the program, said Dilwara Mondal, the supervisor.\n\"Earlier, parents would stand by the door or peep through the window to make sure we weren't corrupting their daughters,\" she said.\n\"Now they send their daughters willingly. They can see the difference it's made to them, and to their lives.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Young girls pose as they tend to vegetables they are growing as part of the Girls\u2019 Project that teaches land literacy and helps prevent trafficking and early marriage in Charmahatpur village in West Bengal state, India, Feb. 13, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/E9301A54-D90B-4D51-BF59-13B5FF2F48C4.jpg",
        "id": "22837_1",
        "answer": [
            "cash incentives"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "girls"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_22_3776684",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_22_3776684_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the blonde person in the image believe?",
        "context": "House Panel Seeks Any Evidence Trump's Phones Were Tapped By Monday\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nThe House intelligence committee asked the executive branch to provide by Monday any evidence to support President Donald Trump's claim that his phones were tapped at Trump Tower during the election, a senior congressional aide said Saturday.\nThe request was made in a letter sent by committee chairman, Rep. Devin Nunes, R-Calif., and the panel's ranking Democrat, Rep. Adam Schiff, D-Calif., according to the aide, who wasn't authorized to discuss the request by name and requested anonymity.\nIn a tweet last weekend, Trump accused his predecessor, Barack Obama, of ordering the tap.\nObama's director of national intelligence, James Clapper, has said that nothing matching Trump's claims had taken place, but that has not quelled speculation that Trump's communications were monitored by the Obama administration. Trump has not provided evidence to support his claim and has asked Congress to investigate.\nEarly this week, Schiff said the committee would answer the president's call to investigate the claim. He also said that he would ask FBI Director James Comey directly when he appears later this month before the full committee, which is investigating Russian activities during the election.\n\"We should be able to determine in fairly short order whether this allegation is true or false,\" Schiff told reporters Tuesday evening at the Capitol.\nNunes has said that so far he has not seen any evidence to back up Trump's claim and has suggested the news media were taking the president's weekend tweets too literally.\n\"The president is a neophyte to politics -- he's been doing this a little over a year,\" Nunes told reporters earlier this week.\nOther lawmakers have asked for similar evidence.\nDeclaring that Congress \"must get to the bottom\" of Trump's claim, Sens. Lindsey Graham, R-S.C., and Sheldon Whitehouse, D-R.I., asked Comey and Acting Deputy Attorney General Dana Boente to produce the paper trail created when the Justice Department's criminal division secures warrants for wiretaps.\n",
        "caption": "President Donald Trump, center, meets Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin, right, and Secretary of Veterans Affairs David Shulkin, left, along with other members of his cabinet and the White House staff at the Trump National Golf Club in Sterling, Va., Marc",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/65FBD45D-C31E-4F1A-8DAD-34278DC952A5.jpg",
        "id": "9217_1",
        "answer": [
            "that his phones were tapped",
            "his phones were tapped at Trump Tower during the election"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Donald Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_11_3761627",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_11_3761627_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Which other country uses technology like that in the image?",
        "context": "Trump: Design of Proposed Wall Along US-Mexican Border Underway\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. President Donald Trump said Wednesday the design of a wall to stem the flow of illegal immigrants into the U.S. from Mexico is underway.\n\u201cThe wall is getting designed right now. We will have a wall. It will be a great wall and it will do a lot of \u2014 will be a big help,\u201d Trump said without offering specifics during a speech in Washington before the Major Cities Chiefs Police Association.\nTrump repeated his vow to build a wall along the U.S. border with Mexico as a way to \u201cstop the drugs from pouring into our country\u201d and cited Israel as a country that has successfully erected walls along its borders.\nWATCH: Trump discusses U.S.-Mexico wall\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTrump: Border Wall 'Being Designed Right Now'\nShare this video\n0:00:59\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:59\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 2.9MB\n360p | 3.4MB\n480p | 19.0MB\n\u201cDo walls work? Just ask Israel. They work if it's properly done,\u201d Trump said.\nIsrael began building a system of barriers in 2002, during the peak of the second Palestinian uprising that saw suicide bombers detonating explosives in public places in Israeli cities.\nAfter a series of terrorist attacks, Israel built a barrier along and inside the West Bank that was designed to regulate the entrance of Palestinians into Israel. Israel has also erected fences along the borders it shares with Egypt and Lebanon, and along its boundary with the Gaza Strip.\nThere has been a significant drop in terrorist attacks by West Bank Palestinians since March 2002. And while Israeli security officials credit the barriers for the decline, attacks continued to drop when the second Palestinian uprising weakened in 2004 and the militant group Hamas imposed a moratorium on suicide bombings.\nThe Israeli military also regularly arrests suspected militants on the other side of the West Bank barrier and the country continues to benefit from security support from the Western-supported Palestinian Authority.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-partner=\\\"tweetdeck\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;President Trump is right. I built a wall along Israel%27s southern border. It stopped all illegal immigration. Great success. Great idea \ud83c\uddee\ud83c\uddf1\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf8\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Benjamin Netanyahu (@netanyahu) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/netanyahu/status/825371795972825089\\\"\\u0026gt;January 28, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nLast week, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu tweeted in support of Trump's proposed wall.\n\u201cPresident Trump is right. I built a wall along Israel's southern border. It stopped illegal immigration. Great success. Great idea,\u201d Netanyahu wrote.\nAn Israeli company that helped construct Israel's West Bank barrier is reportedly seeking to build the wall along the U.S.-Mexican border for the Trump administration.\nMagal Security Systems described its high-tech border fence at a January 31 border security conference in Northern Virginia that was attended by officials from the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, according to Bloomberg News. \nPope John Francis, meanwhile, reiterated his opposition Wednesday to Trump's proposed wall. During his weekly address at the Vatican, the pope said the world should \"build bridges\" and not \u201ccreate walls.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "Workers continue work raising a taller fence on the Mexico-US border separating the towns of Anapra, Mexico and Sunland Park, New Mexico, Jan. 25, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/FAF375E8-D38F-431F-8CF7-269C2250EF67.jpg",
        "id": "6218_1",
        "answer": [
            "Israel",
            "Israel "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "A taller fence ",
            "fences"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_08_3714915",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_08_3714915_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who are the people in the image fighting?",
        "context": "Ministers at OAS Meeting Fail to Agree on Venezuela Resolution\nCANCUN, MEXICO \u2014\u00a0\nForeign ministers from across the Americas failed to reach agreement at a meeting on Monday on a resolution criticizing the government of Venezuela, which saw more violent protests in its capital as the discussions deadlocked in Mexico.\nMinisters from the 34-nation Organization of American States met in Mexico after they were unable to reach a consensus statement in May on the political and economic crisis rocking Venezuela.\nGuatemalan Foreign Minister Carlos Morales, the acting chair of the meeting, suspended a session to work out a joint statement on Venezuela and said ministers would resume discussions at a later, unspecified date.\n\"I do not want our hemisphere to continue breaking apart anymore,\" Morales said. \"We need to look for solutions, to continue the dialogue and the only way to continue this dialogue is to keep this session open without a determinate date.\"\nMexico, the United States and other countries had been lobbying OAS member states to adopt a watered-down Venezuela resolution after seeing resistance from some of the socialist oil exporter's allies.\nMexico and Peru have led the push with the United States for a resolution that defends representative democracy in Venezuela, where President Nicolas Maduro is accused of leading the OPEC member toward dictatorship by delaying elections, jailing opposition activists and pressing to overhaul the constitution.\nIn Caracas on Monday, Venezuelan opposition activists battled security forces at one of the largest demonstrations in recent weeks after more than two months of almost daily street clashes.\n\"We don't expect much of the international community,\" said protester Luis Serran, 22. \"We have seen cases like Syria, lots of talking and not much action.\"\nFILE - Protesters react in front of a fire burning at the entrance of a building, housing the magistracy of the Supreme Court of Justice and a bank branch, during a rally against Venezuela's President Nicolas Maduro, in Caracas, Venezuela, June 12, 2017.\nAt least 72 people have been killed in two months of violence between protesters and police as Venezuelans decry shortages of food and medicine. Maduro says the protests, along with the diplomatic efforts, are part of a plot by the United States to topple him.\n\"Venezuela needs an international humanitarian channel that provides drugs and food to the Venezuelan population,\" OAS Secretary General Luis Almagro said.\nAlmagro called for an election timetable in Venezuela, for political prisoners to be freed, an independent judiciary and respect for the autonomy of the National Assembly legislature.\nWhile Venezuela has said it was withdrawing from the OAS in protest, Foreign Minister Delcy Rodriguez was in Cancun. \"We don't recognize this meeting nor do we recognize the resolutions that come from it,\" she said.\nVenezuela's socialists have long enjoyed the support of left-leaning governments in Latin America loath to back measures they see as meddling in a sovereign country by an organization they consider an arm of U.S. foreign policy.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Protesters react in front of a fire burning at the entrance of a building, housing the magistracy of the Supreme Court of Justice and a bank branch, during a rally against Venezuela's President Nicolas Maduro, in Caracas, Venezuela, June 12, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/1423FCB4-1244-4247-A237-993202BB8FB9.jpg",
        "id": "10254_2",
        "answer": [
            "security forces",
            "police"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Protesters",
            "protesters"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_20_3907575",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_20_3907575_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "what did the white house administrator say about the man in the picture",
        "context": "Political Spotlight on Trump Son-in-law Gets Brighter\nWHITE HOUSE \u2014\u00a0\nJared Kushner, President Donald Trump's son-in-law and senior aide, has been front and center at the White House this week, making his speaking debut before a high-powered gathering of tech executives and heading off on a sensitive diplomatic mission to the Middle East.\nKushner, 36, a New York real estate magnate, was close by Trump's side throughout last year's political campaign, and he and his family moved to Washington in the first days of the new administration. But he has now moved even more into the political spotlight, leading some critics of Trump to suggest this may be an attempt to divert attention from the leaks and legal troubles that have beset the administration.\nWhen novice diplomat Kushner touches down Wednesday in Tel Aviv, he will join the administration's special representative for international negotiations, Jason Greenblatt, in a bid to revive direct Israel-Palestinian talks. Kushner and Greenblatt, formerly a lawyer for the Trump Organization in New York, are due to meet with both Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas.\n'Furthering Middle East peace'\nWhite House spokesman Sean Spicer said the U.S. envoys' visit to Israel is a follow-up to Trump's stopover in the region in May and is intended \"to further Middle East peace and make incremental changes in the right direction.\" Kushner and Greenblatt, who are both Orthodox Jews, accompanied the president during those earlier meetings with both Abbas and Netanyahu.\nFILE - White House senior adviser Jared Kushner looks on during a meeting between U.S. President Donald Trump and leaders at the Gulf Cooperation Council Summit, at the King Abdulaziz Conference Center, in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 21, 2017.\nKushner's more prominent role in the Trump White House is seen by some an an attempt by the administration to right itself after a number of bruising body blows, such as speculation about who may be targeted by a special prosecutor investigating the nature of contacts between the president's campaign organization and the Russian government. The swirling allegations of possible inappropriate or even illegal behavior \u2014 and the vociferous denials coming from Trump himself during his broadsides to the world over Twitter \u2014 have sparked rebukes even from senior lawmakers within the president's Republican Party.\nHowever, Kushner himself has come under scrutiny for his own contacts with Russian officials during the presidential campaign. Last week, The Washington Post reported the son-in-law's business dealings were under investigation by the office of Justice Department special counsel Robert Mueller.\nFILE - Jared Kushner, U.S. President Donald Trump's son-in-law and senior adviser, arrives at the Ministry of Defense, in Baghdad, Iraq, April 3, 2017.\nKushner has said he will cooperate with both congressional and FBI inquiries, and he recently hired a prominent Washington lawyer to represent him.\nBackground 'problematic'\nHis role in the Trump White House is coming under increasing scrutiny from presidential scholars and students of public management.\nElaine Kamarck, a fellow at the Brookings Institution, a policy research group in Washington, and author of Why Presidents Fail, said Kushner's lack of any background in public or foreign affairs is \"particularly problematic.\"\n\"Jared Kushner knows even less about the world of government and policy than the president himself does,\" Kamarck said. \"This president, more than any other recent president, needs the assistance of somebody familiar with government, and that is not Jared Kushner.\"\nAdministration officials say Kushner is not new to Middle East issues, nor is he a stranger to the Israeli prime minister. His family is known to be close to Netanyahu, who once stayed in the Kushner home during a visit to the United States.\nHowever, Brookings' Kamarck said Kushner's inexperience in statecraft will be a severe handicap if he expects to resolve a dispute that has stymied the world's most talented diplomats for generations.\n\"There have been years and years of American intervention in Arab-Israeli dialogue,\" Kamarck told VOA. \"People who have had great expertise in this area have been unable to come to conclusions.\"\nBreakthrough seen unlikely\n\"Maybe Kushner will learn something on this trip that will help him down the road, but do not expect a peace breakthrough in the near future,\" she added.\nFILE - White House senior adviser Jared Kushner welcomes technology company leaders to a summit of the American Technology Council at the Eisenhower Executive Office Building in Washington, June 19, 2017.\nThe president's son-in-law tested his hand as a senior administration official and his public speaking skills this week. Though Kushner has been at Trump's side, or just steps away, for almost every presidential appearance, White House reporters said this was the first time they had ever heard him speak. Reviews were mixed.\nReading from prepared remarks at a White House gathering of high-powered technology executives, Kushner spoke of the need to gather ideas for modernizing government.\n\"We will unleash the creativity of the private sector to provide citizen services in a way that has never happened before,\" Kushner told the group, which included Apple CEO Tim Cook and Alphabet chief Eric Schmitt. Both have been outspoken in opposing administration positions on issues such as climate change and immigration.\nFILE - Ivanka Trump, daughter and assistant to President Donald Trump, and her husband, White House senior adviser Jared Kushner, walk out to join President Trump aboard the Marine One helicopter, May 19, 2017.\nAs Kushner headed to Israel, news reports said China has invited him and his wife, Ivanka Trump, to visit later this year. Bloomberg News called it the latest sign of the extended first family's growing influence over foreign affairs.\nBloomberg, quoting an unidentified U.S. official, said the Kushners hosted a dinner Sunday for the newly confirmed U.S. ambassador to China, Terry Branstad, who will leave to take up his new post in Beijing this week.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - White House senior adviser Jared Kushner listens during a meeting with Palestinian leader Mahmoud Abbas at the White House, May 3, 2017, in Washington.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F6142E74-7AFE-4CA8-A7F7-3D44AB53DB37.jpg",
        "id": "832_1",
        "answer": [
            "Kushner is not new to Middle East issue"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Jared Kushner"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_20_3909045",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_20_3909045_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who is the person with the forehead band aid in the image allied with?",
        "context": "Macedonian Politicians Turn Parliament Violence in War of Words\nMacedonia\u2019s rival parties are trading blame for violence in parliament, while world powers are giving opposing reactions to the events.\nThe European Union and the United States condemned Thursday\u2019s attack, in which protesters stormed the Macedonian parliament in Skopje, attacking opposition lawmakers after they elected an ethnic Albanian speaker.\nRussia blamed the events on the West, saying it had meddled in the Balkan nation\u2019s internal affairs.\nPointing fingers\nIn Macedonia, the previous night\u2019s violence turned into a war of words between rival politicians on Friday.\nZoran Zaev, the head of the opposition Social Democrats, who were targeted in the attack, accused the attackers of attempted murder.\nFormer Prime Minister Nikola Gruevski, whose supporters were among the mob that stormed the parliament, said he deplored the violence, but he accused the opposition of instigating it with an attempted power grab.\nInterior Minister Agim Nuhiu announced his resignation Friday over the night\u2019s events. He told reporters that 10 lawmakers and an unspecified number of journalists were among those hurt.\nThe interior ministry said 102 people were treated at city hospitals.\nSpeaker election\nThe violence began Thursday after lawmakers from the Social Democrats and ethnic Albanian parties elected former Defense Minister Talat Xhaferi speaker, even though the country has no functioning government.\nDemonstrators stormed the parliament and began throwing chairs and attacking opposition lawmakers.\nDemonstrators blocked the door of the chamber, refusing to let lawmakers leave as demonstrators waved flags in lawmakers\u2019 faces and shouted \u201ctraitors.\u201d Police outside the building fired stun grenades to break up the crowd.\nPeople wave Macedonian flags during a peaceful protest in front of the EU mission building in Skopje, Macedonia, April 28, 2017. About 2,000 protesters gathered in Macedonia\u2019s capital Skopje to demand new elections to try and break the country\u2019s political deadlock, a day after violent protests inside the country\u2019s parliament.\nZaev\u2019s Social Democrats and the ethnic Albanians would have enough seats to form a coalition government, but President Gjorge Ivanov has refused to give him a mandate.\nThe conservatives won December\u2019s parliamentary election, but without enough seats to form a government. Coalition talks with other parties collapsed over ethnic Albanian demands to make Albanian an official language.\nInternational reaction\nThe United States condemned Thursday\u2019s violence \u201cin the strongest terms.\u201d In a statement posted on its State Department website, the U.S. Embassy in Skopje said the violence \u201cis not consistent with democracy and is not an acceptable way to resolve differences.\u201d\nThe U.S. called on all parties to \u201crefrain from violent actions which exacerbate the situation.\u201d\nThe European Union also condemned Thursday\u2019s violence. \n\u201cI condemn the attacks on MPs in Skopje in the strongest terms. Violence has no place in parliament,\u201d enlargement commissioner Johannes Hahn said. \u201cDemocracy must run its course.\u201d\nHowever, Russia blamed the events on the West, saying the Macedonian opposition had \u201cforeign patrons.\u201d\nA Foreign Ministry statement said Xhaferi\u2019s election was an \u201cunceremonious manipulation of the will of citizens\u201d and said EU and U.S. representatives were quick to recognize the speaker, indicating the vote was planned in advance.\nThe United Nations said in a statement by the U.N. secretary-general\u2019s spokesman that it is \u201cfollowing developments unfolding in the former Yugoslav republic of Macedonia with great concern and call for restraint and calm. Violence directed at democratic institutions and elected representatives of the people is unacceptable.\u201d\nMacedonia has a Slavic majority, but about a third of the population is ethnic Albanian. The Balkan country aspires to join the European Union and NATO.\n",
        "caption": "Macedonian Social Democratic leader Zoran Zaev, center, and members of his party attend a news conference in Skopje, Macedonia, April 28, 2017, a day after protesters attacked parliament. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/3C0B9E0B-A1EA-414E-B407-9980C76FA184.jpg",
        "id": "17154_1",
        "answer": [
            "ethnic Albanians",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Zaev",
            "Zoran Zaev"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_28_3830449",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_28_3830449_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where else will the person in the suit in the image go?",
        "context": "US, Saudi Arabia Affirm Cooperation in Countering 'Iran's Mischief'\nRIYADH, SAUDI ARABIA \u2014\u00a0\nThe United States is pledging support for Saudi efforts to counter Iran's destabilizing activities in the region.\nDuring talks Wednesday in Riyadh, U.S. Defense Secretary Jim Mattis emphasized to his Saudi counterpart, Deputy Crown Prince Mohammed Bin Salman, the importance of cooperating and boosting Saudi security in order to \"reinforce Saudi Arabia's resistance to Iran's mischief.\"\n\"We are not leaving this region, but at the same time it is in our interest to see a strong Saudi Arabia military, security services and secret services,\" Mattis told reporters. \"So what we can do here today could actually open the door possibly to bringing our president to Saudi Arabia.\"\nThe Arab kingdom is Mattis' first stop on a week-long Middle East tour, that includes Egypt, Israel and Qatar.\nEarlier on Wednesday, the U.S. defense secretary met with Saudi King Salman.\nThe visit comes a month after U.S. President Donald Trump hosted Prince Mohammed at the White House, with both leaders noting the \"importance of confronting Iran's destabilizing regional activities while continuing to evaluate and strictly enforce the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action,\" according to a March 15 White House statement.\nOn Wednesday, the Saudi defense minister told Mattis, \"we greatly value the leadership of President Trump.\"\nHe also said the two countries will work to \"curb and counter all the challenges in the region, either when it comes to the curbing of the fighting terrorist organizations or the malign activities of Iran that continues to unsettle the world.\"\nIn remarks to Pentagon reporters following Wednesday's talks with Saudi officials, Mattis praised Saudi Arabia's regional leadership role in restoring stability in the Middle East.\nThe U.S. defense secretary also said the U.S. is watching Iran's impact across the region, from its support for Hezbollah to the Syrian regime of Bashar al-Assad.\n\"Everywhere you look, if there is trouble in the region, you find Iran,\" Mattis said. \"So, right now, what we are seeing is the nations in the region and others elsewhere trying to checkmate Iran and the amount of disruption, the amount of instability they can cause.\"\nWhile in Riyadh, Mattis also called for the crisis in Saudi Arabia\u2019s neighbor, Yemen, to go before a United Nations-brokered negotiating team in order to \u201cpolitically\u201d resolve the country\u2019s raging civil war.\nU.S. officials have signaled that President Donald Trump may further U.S. involvement in Yemen crisis in order to strengthen strategic relations with the Saudis, who have been supporting the fight against Iranian-backed Houthi rebels.\nA U.S. official, speaking on condition of anonymity, said the Trump administration does not believe that Yemen's government and the Houthis will to go to a U.N.-brokered negotiating table unless more military pressure is put on the Houthis, in order to convince the rebels they are incapable of holding their captured terrain.\nThe official added that the U.S. was not considering American troops on the ground in Yemen as an option to increase military pressure.\nFILE - in photo released by semi-official Fars News Agency, Iranian warship Alborz, foreground, prepares before leaving Iran's waters.\nIran sends flotilla to Gulf of Aden\nThe comments come amid reports Iran dispatched a a flotilla of warships from the country\u2019s southern port city of Bandar Abbas for the Gulf of Aden on Monday.\nIranian authorities say Iran's 46th naval fleet, comprised of Sabalan destroyer and Lavan logistic warship, embarked on the voyage in a bid to maintain the Islamic Republic\u2019s power in the high seas.\n\"The timing of this mission, and also increasing number of naval missions conducted by Iranian navy in that region is very uncommon and seems to be a muscle flexing toward Saudis,\u201d Hooshang Aryanpour, a Virginia based retired Iranian Rear Admiral told VOA.\n\"The fleet is tasked with maintaining security for Iranian ships and countering Iranophobic plots and campaigns launched by the enemies of the Islamic Republic,\u201d the Iranian government said in a statement.\nAccording to Rear Admiral Sayyari, the Iranian naval forces are making efforts to improve security in the Gulf of Aden, the Red Sea and the Bab el-Mandeb, considering security of those regions as a top priority.\nIranian authorities say that the naval forces have so far escorted 3,850 Iranian commercial and tanker ships as well as 25 foreign vessels in the Bab el-Mandeb and the Gulf of Aden regions where pirates are active.\nU.S. marine administrators in the region have repeatedly complained about Iran\u2019s hostile nautical maneuvers in the region in the recent months and warned that some provocative naval actions increase the chances of miscalculation and unintended confrontation.\n\u201c[The] Iranian navy\u2019s increasing presence in this specific region is evocative and could be interpreted as showing teeth to Saudis who are in a proxy war with Iran in Yemen and have zero strength in the sea,\" said Aryanpour.\nMehdi Jedinia contributed to this report\n",
        "caption": "U.S. Defense Secretary James Mattis (L) departs after meeting with Saudi Arabia's Deputy Crown Prince and Defense Minister Mohammed bin Salman (R) at the Ministry of Defense in Riyadh, April 19, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B01D559C-ABD9-4CE5-BB65-1B25A2728F50.jpg",
        "id": "9841_1",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "Egypt, Israel and Qatar"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Mattis",
            "James Mattis"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_19_3816816",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_19_3816816_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the woman with sunglasses in the image do?",
        "context": "Mexicans Reunite with Children in US Under Special Program\nNEW YORK \u2014\u00a0\nThere were balloons, flowers and tears of happiness. Mexican parents were reunited Wednesday with sons and daughters they hadn't seen in decades because their children have been living in the United States.\nThe parents came through a family-reunification program organized by the Mexican state of Morelos that allows Mexican families to stay together for about three weeks. The U.S. granted the visitors tourist visas.\nLuis Mendez Chanes, center, is reunited with his daughter Marta Mendez who he hasn't seen in 24-years, and her husband Luis Flores, from Queens, as they ride the Bateaux New York boat, July 5, 2017 in New York.\n\u201cI am so happy,\u201d said Candido Macoto, a worker at a flower shop in Brooklyn who had not seen his mother, Magdalena Garcia, in 21 years.\nMacoto welcomed her with tears in his eyes at a boat docked at the Chelsea Piers. He brought his wife, son, daughter and grandson with him.\nTwenty-six other Mexican families were reunited as part of the program, called \u201cCorazon de plata\u201d (\u201cSilver heart\u201d).\nOther Mexican states, such as Puebla, carry out similar programs. Among the requirements: Mexican parents need to be 60 or older, never have been in the U.S. before and have had a son or daughter submit an application. The families paid for the flights and boat ride Wednesday.\n\u201cIt's been a long time,\u201d said Garcia, 67, while holding a bouquet of red roses her family had brought her. Most of the sons and daughters who waited at the boat to meet with their parents left Mexico years ago and are not legal U.S. residents.\nMagdalena Garcia, center, of Morelos, Mexico, sits with her son Candido Macoto, who lives in Brooklyn, as they reunite after 21 years, on the Bateaux New York boat, July 5, 2017 in New York.\nMarta Mendez hugged her father, Luis Mendez, amid the applause of the rest of families.\n\u201cI am thankful to God for making this possible,\u201d she said. Father and daughter had not seen each other in 24 years.\nThe Mexican immigrants who live in New York applied to the program through a local group called Pulso New York, which became a link between the families and Morelos. The parents flew together from Mexico City and will return to their home country on July 24. There is no limit in the number of participants of the program. \n",
        "caption": "Luis Mendez Chanes, third left, poses with his daughter Marta Mendez, fourth left, as they reunite after 24 years in front of the Statue of Liberty aboard the Bateaux New York boat, July 5, 2017, in New York.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/6A462214-11C1-4660-B2CE-49937B1CC337.jpg",
        "id": "24742_1",
        "answer": [
            "hugged her father"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Marta Mendez"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_06_3931435",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_06_3931435_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the red head in the image like to do?",
        "context": "Lindsay Lohan Says She Was Profiled While Wearing a Headscarf \nLONDON \u2014\u00a0\nLindsay Lohan claims she was \"racially profiled'' while wearing a headscarf at London's Heathrow Airport.\nThe actress told a British talk show that she was stopped while traveling to New York.\nShe said an airport worker \"opened my passport and saw 'Lindsay Lohan' and started immediately apologizing, but then said: 'Please take off your headscarf.'''\nShe told \"Good Morning Britain'' on Tuesday that the incident made her wonder \"how would another woman who doesn't feel comfortable taking off her headscarf feel?''\nLohan was returning from Turkey, where she recently met President Recep Tayyip Erdogan.\nShe said she wore a headscarf in Turkey out of \"personal respect.''\nLohan, who has been photographed carrying a Quran, says she finds \"solace\" studying the Muslim holy book and other religious texts.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - U.S. actress Lindsay Lohan, left, places a badge bearing a quote from Turkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, center, reading \"World is bigger than five,\" referring to the UN Security Council's five permanent members.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/67F96B71-CC40-42F4-9FA9-7322E0434260.jpg",
        "id": "8187_1",
        "answer": [
            "studying the Muslim holy book and other religious texts.",
            "studying the Muslim holy book and other religious texts"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Lindsay Lohan",
            "Lohan"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_21_3733589",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_21_3733589_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What organization could make the work of people in the image obsolete?",
        "context": "Turkish Referendum Vote Challenged\nISTANBUL \u2014\u00a0\nInternational monitors have questioned the fairness of Sunday's referendum in Turkey, saying it was contested on an uneven playing field. The referendum, which would create a powerful executive presidency from the current parliamentary system, only narrowly passed and opponents are seeking a revote.\nAt a news conference in Ankara, monitors from the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe said the \"No\" campaign faced numerous obstacles including a lack of freedom of expression and access to the media, and intimidation. The OSCE also alleged misuse of administrative resources by President Recep Tayyip Erdogan.\nTurkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdogan and his wife Emine Erdogan pose for photos with cheering supporters in the background after unofficial referendum results were announced, in Istanbul, late Sunday, April 16, 2017.\nThe controversial decision to allow the use of ballots that did not have an official stamp was also criticized. \"The Supreme Election Board issued instructions late in the day that significantly changed the validity criteria, undermining an important safeguard and contradicting the law,\" observed Cezar Florin Preda of the monitoring group at the Ankara press conference.\nTurkey's Foreign Ministry released a statement saying it was \"saddened\" by the OSCE's finding that the referendum fell short of international standards. The ministry called it \"unacceptable\" and accused the OSCE of political bias.\nUnder Turkey's 2010 electoral law, all ballots require an official stamp as a measure aimed at preventing vote stuffing. The main opposition CHP alleges that as many as one-and-a-half million unstamped ballots could have been used, more than the winning margin in the referendum.\nThe CHP is now demanding the referendum be held again. \"The only decision that will end debate about the legitimacy and ease the people's legal concerns is the annulment of this election,\" declared Bulent Tezcan CHP deputy head, speaking at press conference Monday.\nProtests were held in several locations across Istanbul and in the capital, Ankara, over the handling of the vote; similar demonstrations were reported in other cities.\nThe only legal redress the CHP has to overturn the vote is with the Supreme Election Board, which made the decision to use the unstamped ballots.\nIn defense of the ballots\nThe head of the board, Sadi Guven, strongly defended his decision to allow the controversial ballots, citing high demand for ballots and saying similar procedures had been followed in the past.\nFILE - Election officials count votes at a polling station during a referendum in Izmir, Turkey, April 16, 2017.\n\"This is not some move we've done for the first time,\" said Guven, speaking to reporters Monday in Ankara. \"Before our administration took over, there had been many decisions approving the validity of unstamped ballots.\"\nCritics point out the previous use of unstamped ballots was before the introduction of the electoral law banning the practice. Guven said he did not know how many of the ballots were used, and admitted he made the decision after consulting with the ruling AK Party.\nMany of the ballots are suspected of being used in the predominantly Kurdish southeast where strict security measures are in force due to an ongoing fight against Kurdish insurgent group the PKK. \"No\" campaigners in the region said its observers were prevented from monitoring many ballot stations. The OSCE also said its monitors faced restrictions.\nWhile the OSCE refused to be drawn in on whether the shortcomings and difficulties it highlighted were enough to affect the outcome of the vote, its assessment will likely embolden the opposition and add to growing international concern.\n\"The European politician will refer to the OSCE; even Americans have said it was going to wait for the OSCE report [before commenting on the referendum result],\" warned political columnist Semih Idiz of Al Monitor website. \"It's a complication for Erdogan, but he will try and turn it to his advantage by saying the West is up to its old tricks again.\"\nThroughout the campaign, Erdogan played the nationalist card, accusing Western countries of conspiring against him and Turkey. Erdogan described the referendum as a victory against the crusaders.\nEurope has so far avoided directly addressing the controversy, choosing to look beyond the result with calls on Erdogan to reach out to his opponents to ease the political polarization. The U.S. State Department called on Turkey to protect basic rights and freedoms as authorities work to resolve the contested results.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Election officials count votes at a polling station during a referendum in Izmir, Turkey, April 16, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/283E7C68-9578-4E4C-8981-1EE095528ABF.jpg",
        "id": "22240_3",
        "answer": [
            "CHP "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "vote"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_17_3814000",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_17_3814000_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the political party of the person with the glasses in the image?",
        "context": "Thai Military Seeks Political Reconciliation Ahead of National Elections\nBANGKOK, THAILAND \u2014\u00a0\nThe Thai military government is making a new bid at political reconciliation ahead of general elections likely in 2018.\nThe latest effort to advance \u201cthe road map to democracy\u201d through cross-party talks is being led by Deputy Prime Minister and Defense Minister Prawit Wongsuan.\nPrawit said the aim is to establish among the divided parties common ground and solicit ideas on a range of issues, including politics, social development, the environment, foreign affairs and mass media.\nA political adviser to Prawit, Panitan Wattanaygorn, said the military is seeking a smooth transition of power back to a civilian administration.\nNational reforms proposed\nThe new initiative is part of national reforms the military sees as key, with the government setting up four committees geared to helping the steps along the political roadmap.\nPanitan said the government wants to listen to politicians\u2019 concerns and register their ideas in the process.\n\u201cSome public contract could be constructed, but we\u2019re not going to force anyone to sign anything if they don\u2019t want to and certainly making peace and reconciliation cannot be forced,\u201d Panitan said, adding progress will rest in the future elected government.\nA military-backed constitution, passed in an August referendum, provides added powers to the military in a future elected government, especially through an appointed 250-member Senate.\nNew king\nAnalysts say Thailand\u2019s new king, Maha Vajiralongkorn, may also be an influence in the process after the 70-year reign of his father, Bhumipol Adulyadej, who passed away in October.\nThitinan Pongsudhirak, a political scientist at Chulalongkorn University, in a commentary in the Singapore-based Straits Times, said the new king\u2019s reign \u201cwill likely spell changes to Thailand\u2019s political configurations and dynamics.\u201d\n\u201cThe reign may also bring about a more level-playing field in Thai politics in the near term,\u201d Thitinan said.\nAs Crown Prince, Vajiralongkorn had close ties with former Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra, who lives in exile after fleeing the country in 2008 following corruption charges.\nFILE - Former Thai Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra speaks to Reuters during an interview in Singapore, Feb. 23, 2016.\nThaksin\u2019s political parties, including Pheu Thai, succeeded at several general elections since 2006 despite efforts by the military to promote the pro-establishment Democrat Party.\nIn Thailand\u2019s color-coded politics, \u201cred shirt\u201d supporters came under pro-Thaksin United Democratic Front for Democracy (UDD), with \u201cyellow shirts\u201d linked to the urban middle class Peoples Democratic Reform Committee (PDRC).\nBut PDRC spokesman Akanat Promphan said the process must be genuine, promoting the rule of law and economic opportunity to succeed in the long term.\n\u201cIf you do [promote the rule of law and economic opportunity] in the end that\u2019s what will bring unity back to our society, not just a superficial process of reconciliation where different groups come and sit in the same table for photo opportunities,\u201d Akanat said.\nReturn to normal\nKraisak Choonhavan, a Democrat Party member, said members from the major parties have been in informal talks for some time.\n\u201cWe\u2019ve come to the conclusion that our national reconciliation is a prerequisite towards normalcy in politics in Thailand, a return towards elections and parliamentary rule,\u201d Kraisak told VOA.\nBut the new draft constitution makes \u201ca return to normalcy very difficult.\u201d\nThe military-backed draft, now with the king pending amendments, calls for a 250-member appointed Senate and a 500-member House of Representatives. The draft allows the Senate to vote in the selection of a prime minister, leaving the way open for a non-elected government leader.\nBipartisan efforts undermined\nKraisak said the current constitution, with the 250-member non-elected Senate, undermines the current bipartisan efforts at reconciliation.\n\u201cSo even if we have a national reconciliation politically, the present constitution has thrown us into a maze of conflict in the future,\u201d he said.\n\u201cIt\u2019s too late you see because the military, the junta, claim that they have national consensus through the non-transparent referendum that they made,\u201d he said.\nFILE - Thai Senator Kraisak Choonhavan, left, speaks during a joint news conference with William Monson, an American businessman at parliament house in Bangkok, Thailand, May 3, 2006. Monson said he has filed criminal charges against outgoing Prime Minister Thaksin Shanawatra.\nA senior member of the Pheu Thai Party, Somarn Lertwongrath, expressed doubts about the military\u2019s reconciliation policy, despite both major political parties agreeing to reconcile.\n\u201cIf the military regime really wants reconciliation it can be done. But I don\u2019t think they are ready to reconcile at all. They don\u2019t have any preparations [for it],\u201d Somarn said.\n\u201cThe military try to keep everything under their power \u2014 they will not reconcile with the political parties, that\u2019s the problem. I only hope that the military understands the fact that they are losing, they are not winning,\u201d he added.\nThere have been calls for reconciliation throughout Thailand\u2019s turbulent political history. But few of the recommendations have been taken up by authorities.\nPolitical scientist at Ubon Ratchathani University, Titipol Phakdeewanich, said despite calls for reconciliation, the people in the northeast, largely backers of Pheu Thai, \u201cstill don\u2019t trust the military\u201d amid a climate of tight control over political debate.\n\u201cWhen we look at reconciliation, then the best way to reconcile the country is to go back to democracy and return power to the people and set the rules of law and accept the result of the election \u2014 that would be the best way to actually help the reconciliation,\u201d Titipol said.\n",
        "caption": "Portraits of Thailand's King Maha Vajiralongkorn Bodindradebayavarangkun and the late King Bhumibol Adulyadej are displayed at a department store in central Bangkok, Thailand, Jan. 17, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/10C3DAD2-200C-40C1-B3BD-89A9E5A6961A.jpg",
        "id": "3204_1",
        "answer": [
            " urban middle class Peoples Democratic Reform Committee",
            "Democrat Party",
            "Pheu Thai"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Kraisak Choonhavan",
            "Maha Vajiralongkorn Bodindradebayavarangkun",
            "King"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_02_3702997",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_02_3702997_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the country of the person with the blue tie from the image receiving flack for?",
        "context": "US to Declare China as Among World's Worst Human Trafficking Offenders\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nThe United States is set to declare China as among the world's worst offenders in human trafficking and forced labor, placing it alongside countries the U.S. has long disparaged \u2014 Iran, North Korea and Syria.\nThe designation, expected to be formally announced by U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson on Tuesday, could further aggravate tensions between Washington and Beijing at a time when U.S. President Donald Trump had sought to enlist Chinese President Xi Jinping in an effort to curb North Korea's nuclear weapons development.\nAhead of the move becoming official, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Lu Kang said China strongly opposes the U.S. \"speaking irresponsibly,\" and that China is willing to strengthen cooperation in the fight against human trafficking with all countries.\nSecretary of State Rex Tillerson listens as President Donald Trump speaks during a Cabinet meeting, in the Cabinet Room of the White House in Washington, June 12, 2017.\nWhy the downgrade?\nLast week, Trump said in a Twitter comment that while he appreciates China's efforts in dealing with Pyongyang, \u201cit has not worked out.\u201d\nIt was not immediately clear what led Tillerson to downgrade China in the State Department's annual assessment of human trafficking that covers more than 180 countries. Last year's report said Beijing was not doing enough to curb \u201cstate sponsored forced labor,\u201d and did not meet \u201cminimum standards\u201d for fighting human trafficking, even though it was making progress.\nThe 2017 report lists China as a Tier 3 human trafficking and forced labor offender, the lowest ranking, according to officials familiar with the ranking. The 2016 report placed China on a Tier 2 \u201cwatch list\u201d deserving special scrutiny in the last year.\nSanctions a possibility\nA year ago, the report described China as a \u201csource, destination and transit country\u201d for forced labor and sex trafficking. Internal migrants in China were particularly vulnerable, the report said, with some people forced to work in factories and coal mines with little governmental oversight. It also said men, women and children from other Asian countries and from Africa are being exploited, while girls and women from rural areas often were recruited for sex trafficking in cities.\nCountries placed in Tier 3 can be penalized with sanctions barring them from participating in cultural exchanges with the U.S. But past U.S. presidents have granted waivers to the worst offenders and Trump could do the same.\nThere was no immediate reaction from Beijing about the planned U.S. action.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Chinese President Xi Jinping, left, smiles at U.S. President Donald Trump as they pose together for photographers before dinner at Mar-a-Lago in Palm Beach, Florida, April 6, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/1AC5E838-D0E9-4A45-B23E-9945A72E672D.jpg",
        "id": "4178_1",
        "answer": [
            "human trafficking and forced labor",
            "among the world's worst offenders in human trafficking and forced labor"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Xi Jinping",
            "China"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_26_3917064",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_26_3917064_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What type of person is the woman with short hair in the image?",
        "context": "Europe\u2019s Nationalist Leaders Present Vision for \u2018a Free Europe\u2019\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nEuropean nationalist leaders met in Germany Saturday in a show of strength at the start of a year of big election tests, celebrating Donald Trump\u2019s inauguration as the U.S. president and declaring themselves a realistic alternative to the continent\u2019s governments.\nThe Koblenz Congress brought together French presidential hopeful Marine Le Pen of the National Front party, the Netherlands\u2019 Geert Wilders of the Freedom Party (PVV), Matteo Salvini of Italy\u2019s Northern League, Frauke Petry of the 4-year-old Alternative for Germany (AfG), Harald Vilimsky, the general-secretary of Austria\u2019s right-wing Freedom Party, which last year narrowly failed to win the country\u2019s presidency, and other like-minded European leaders.\n\u201cI believe we are witnessing historic times,\u2019\u2019 Dutch anti-Islam leader Wilders told reporters. \u201cThe world is changing. America is changing. Europe is changing. And the people start getting in charge again.\u2019\u2019\nTrump \u201cis a winner, we are winners: Frauke Petry, Marine Le Pen, Geert Wilders, all of us here are winners,\u2019\u2019 Vilimsky told an audience of about 1,000 people.\nReferring also to Trump\u2019s victory, Le Pen said \u201c2016 was the year when the Anglo-Saxon world woke up. And 2017, I am sure, will be the year of the awakening of the people of continental Europe,\u201d she said \nSpeakers also denounced \u201cpolitical Islam\u2019\u2019 and Europe\u2019s common currency, the euro, which Salvini labeled \u201ca failed, criminal experiment.\u2019\u2019\nEmboldened by Britons\u2019 vote last year to leave the European Union, the far-right populist leaders or the so-called \u201ctop politicians of the new Europe,\u201d met under the slogan \u201cFreedom for Europe.\u201d They aim to strengthen ties between their like-minded parties, as they have done in the past.\n",
        "caption": "AfD (Alternative for Germany) chairwoman Frauke Petry (right) Far-right leader and candidate for next spring presidential elections Marine le Pen from France (center) and Dutch populist anti-Islam lawmaker Geert Wilders stand together after their speeches at a meeting of European Nationalists in Koblenz, Germany, Jan. 21, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/ADEF6E30-EAAB-406E-83C5-184F1040E7E1.jpg",
        "id": "28342_1",
        "answer": [
            "European leader"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Frauke Petry"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_22_3686816",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_22_3686816_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in the middle of the image blame?",
        "context": "Hungary's President Urges Civility in Political Discourse\nBUDAPEST, HUNGARY \u2014\u00a0\nDeteriorating public discourse in Hungary risks demolishing the country's achievements since the 1990 return to democracy, President Janos Ader said Monday.\nAder told lawmakers after his induction ceremony in Parliament that politicians should not follow the example of tabloid publications and involve each other's families and sexual or religious identities in their disputes.\n\"It's not worth measuring who started it, who was the first to be crass, who stepped first over the line,\" Ader said. \"There is a year left until the elections, and the majority of voters surely does not want to live during this time atop a volcano preparing to erupt.\"\nAder also said the government, led by Prime Minister Viktor Orban's Fidesz party, had more responsibility in the matter.\nThe comment was a possible reference to often unfounded, libelous reports attacking opposition politicians and activists. The reports have appeared both in state media and in private media benefiting from copious government advertising.\nThe president also apologized to anyone he may have \"hurt or offended\" during his first term, which began in 2012. Lawmakers re-elected him to a second five-year term in March.\nAder himself has been the target of pointed, sometimes crude criticism because of his decision to not challenge recent amendments to Hungary's higher education law which could force a university founded by American billionaire George Soros in 1991 to leave Budapest.\nThe opposition Socialist Party and a few other opposition deputies did not attend Ader's induction, saying he failed to live up to his office's stated principle to represent all Hungarians.\nAder \"was a Fidesz party soldier until 2012 and he remained so as president of the republic,\" the Socialists said. \"His person and activities did not for a single minute unite the Hungarian nation.\"\nOrban will be seeking his fourth, four-year term in April 2018. Current polls show Fidesz with a sizable lead over the divided opposition parties.\n",
        "caption": "Hungarian President Janos Ader (C) swears in during his inauguration ceremony for a second five-year term attended by Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban )front row, 3rd R) at the plenary session of the Hungarian Parliament in Budapest, Hungary, May 8, ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B4B0BC01-2008-445B-BF70-D04E1D8B9936.jpg",
        "id": "13668_1",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "the government",
            "tabloid publications"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Ader",
            "Janos Ader"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_08_3843233",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_08_3843233_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "How was the the person in the image injured?",
        "context": "British Security Officials Scramble to Identify Attacker\u2019s Motive\nAs the gunshots cracked out, a bystander muttered a fearful, \u201cJesus Christ.\u201d Others, tourists and office workers, already wondering why an SUV would ram the railings of Britain\u2019s storied House of Commons, started to flee, some screaming.\nUnder the shadow of Big Ben, a policeman who moments earlier had confronted a knife-wielding assailant died from his stab wounds. Meters away, his attacker, said by eyewitnesses to be middle-aged and Indian or Pakistani in appearance, was mortally wounded after having been shot by other armed police officer.\nOn Westminster Bridge, scattered bodies lay in pools of blood on the sidewalk or in the road after having been plowed into by a speeding SUV. One man ended up spread-eagled at the bottom of stone steps that lead to the embankment along the River Thames.\nInside the chamber of the House of Commons, lawmakers suspended a debate on pension reform. Just a half-hour earlier they had been listening to Chris Grayling, the transport minister, talk about why the government had decided to join the U.S. in banning laptops and other electronic items being carried in the cabins of passenger jets flying from a half-dozen Mideast and North African airports.\nBritain faces a \u201cconstantly evolving terror threat,\u201d he explained to lawmakers.\nThat was underlined minutes later by crumpled bodies and gunshots, the desperate stabbing and the ramming of pedestrians on nearby Westminster Bridge and in bustling Parliament Square.\nA woman lies injured after an incident on Westminster Bridge in London, March 22, 2017.\nQuick response\nBritain\u2019s counter-terror squad and other armed specialist units responded quickly to the incident, locking down the Palace of Westminster as a calm David Lidington, the leader of the House of Commons, explained why proceedings had to be suspended.\nTheresa May, who had been in an adjacent voting lobby when the gunfire erupted, was immediately surrounded by plainclothes bodyguards who drew their weapons as they escorted her out of the building, according to Conservative lawmaker Andrew Bridgen.\nAs counter-terror police scrambled to understand the scale of the attack and to establish whether the assailant had acted alone, senior officers from London\u2019s Metropolitan police already were launching a parallel probe to outline provisional lessons from the worst terror incident involving Britain\u2019s parliament in nearly 40 years.\nIn 1979, the Irish republicans managed to blow up in Old Palace Yard Airey Neave, a confidant of then newly elected British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher. It was after that bombing that Parliament took on the appearance of a fortress. Security was ramped up and many of the security procedures still in use today can de dated from that bombing, although with dramatic updates as needed in the light of the threat from jihadists.\nPolice prevent members of the public to from approaching the scene of the attack in London, March 22, 2017. (R. James/VOA)\nLone wolf?\nAnticipation is one thing, making sure an attacker doesn't breach again the grounds of the Palace of Westminster is another. As one senior policeman told VOA, any obvious gaps in security need to be plugged quickly in case Wednesday\u2019s attack was a prelude to another.\n\u201cWe still don\u2019t know whether the assailant was a 'lone wolf' or part of an operation with others, who may be planning to follow up,\u201d he said. \u201cWe have to take into account what happened recently in Brussels and Paris, where there was coordination. Or is this more like Nice,\u201d he added, referring to last year\u2019s terror attack on the French coast.\nPolice know the identity of the assailant, say British security sources, and have visited his home as well as the houses of friends and known associates.\nMark Rowley, the acting deputy commissioner who oversees Britain\u2019s counter-terrorism police, said: \u201cA crime scene will remain in place in the affected areas in Westminster - it is vital that we carry out a painstaking investigation to recover all possible evidence.\u201d\nNot unexpected\nLabor Party activist Gary Kent, who has worked in the British Parliament for 25 years and is director of the all-party parliamentary group on the Kurdistan Region, said he remained shaken but not entirely surprised. \u201cToday has taken a long time but I have anticipated it or something like it on many occasions,\u201d he said.\nPeter Kirkham, a former police commissioner, said the security procedures were successful, adding that the attacker managed \u201cto breach the outer security cordon but was then stopped.\u201d\nShots Fired Outside British Parliament\nWhen they were allowed to leave the Palace of Westminster, lawmakers sang the praises of the police, saluting them for rushing to the danger as they ordered everyone else to move away.\nLabor lawmaker Barry Gardiner said: \u201cThe security protocols worked well.\u201d\nLessons to be learned\nBut there will be lessons to be learned from the attack. A security review will likely see some changes. One upshot, says a senior security official, may be a decision to turn Parliament Square into a pedestrian precinct and to establish another barrier beyond the railings surrounding the building, thus making it harder for an attacker to rush into Old Palace Yard.\nWednesday\u2019s attack is dismaying for security officials. Despite Britain being seen as a prime target, this is the first act of terrorism since 2013, when self-proclaimed jihadists hacked to death an off-duty British soldier in a London street. Vigilance and surveillance and quick detection of those who have become radicalized have helped prevent terrorism. Since 2009 there have been nearly 300 successful prosecutions of militants and would-be terrorists.\nBut however good counterterror tactics and policing are, however much capabilities are improved, there can\u2019t be foolproof security. The attack on Britain\u2019s parliament once again underlines how easy it is to pull off devastating assaults - all an attacker needs is a vehicle and a knife. \u201cIt is always open to any lunatic with a fanatical outlook on life to mount an attack against innocent people in pursuit of their fixations,\u201d lamented Conservative lawmaker Julian Lewis.\n",
        "caption": "A woman lies injured after an incident on Westminster Bridge in London, March 22, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/284799D5-3EB0-4465-8C5D-8B284B10D0C0.jpg",
        "id": "558_2",
        "answer": [
            "having been plowed into by a speeding SUV."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Westminster Bridge"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_22_3777781",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_22_3777781_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person in the image currently trying to do?",
        "context": "Amid Weakening Polls, Health Care Failure, Analysts Suggest Trump Reset \nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nIn the wake of sliding poll numbers and a failure to repeal and replace President Barack Obama's signature health care law, some analysts are suggesting it might be time for President Donald Trump to consider hitting the political reset button.\nTrump's public approval rating hit a new low this week, just 10 weeks into his young presidency. The Gallup Poll pegged Trump's approval rating at only 35 percent, a low point for a president this early in his term. Trump is trying to bounce back after the failed health care effort and may set his sights on tax reform and infrastructure spending as he seeks to deliver on last year's campaign promises.\nWhen in need of a boost, Trump likes to return to his campaign roots and stoke up his supporters about his agenda, as he did at a recent rally in Louisville, Kentucky.\n\u201cThese entrenched interests will do anything they can to keep the broken system in place. But they will fail, and we will win because we are fighting on the side of our great American heritage,\u201d Trump said to cheers from those gathered.\nPresident Donald Trump pauses while speaking at a rally at the Kentucky Exposition Center in Louisville, Kentucky, March 20, 2017.\nLooking to rebound\nTrump is looking to rebound after his failed effort to repeal and replace Obamacare, which fell apart because of Republican divisions. And though it is still early in his term, some analysts suggest it might be time for a policy and strategy reset.\n\u201cHe has suffered a significant setback,\u201d said political scholar Bill Galston with the Brookings Institution in Washington. \u201cThis ought to be an opportunity for reflection and perhaps reorientation of his presidency, certainly a change of strategy and tactics, if not of basic direction.\u201d\nThe health care failure prompted all kinds of advice from critics, supporters and even former rivals like former presidential contender and former Florida governor Jeb Bush. Bush told a Miami TV station it might be time for the president to back off his Twitter habit.\n\u201cHe should stop saying things that are not true that are distractions from the task at hand,\u201d he said. Bush also said Trump has not made the transition from wanting to become president to actually being president. \u201cHe has not shifted to being president in the way that people are used to, and I think that is the problem.\u201d\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-partner=\\\"tweetdeck\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;The Freedom Caucus will hurt the entire Republican agenda if they don%27t get on the team, \\u0026amp;amp; fast. We must fight them, \\u0026amp;amp; Dems, in 2018!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/847435163143454723\\\"\\u0026gt;March 30, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nThe health care defeat has emboldened opposition Democrats, including the woman Trump defeated in last November's election, Hillary Clinton.\n\u201cAnd when this disastrous bill failed, it was a victory for all Americans,\u201d Clinton told a conference in San Francisco this week.\nFormer Secretary of State Hillary Clinton gestures while speaking before the Professional Businesswomen of California, March 28, 2017, in San Francisco.\nRepublican divisions remain\nThe effort to undo Obamacare also has laid bare sharp divisions among Republicans that could bedevil Trump in the future, particularly if he moves on to tax reform, infrastructure spending and cutting the budget. Trump tweeted Thursday that \u201cThe Freedom Caucus will hurt the entire Republican agenda if they don't get on the team, & fast. We must fight them, & Dems, in 2018!\u201d\nThe health care episode demonstrated the limits of Trump's ability to win over conservative members of his own party, according to Republican strategist John Feehery.\n\"I think he has to understand the power that he has, but also the power that he does not have. I mean, he is not dictator, he is not king,\" he said. \"When he says \u2018jump, congressional leaders are not going to say, How high? They are going to say, Why?'\"\nHouse Speaker Paul Ryan insists Republicans will make another effort on repealing and replacing Obamacare at some point.\n\u201cObamacare is a collapsing law. Obamacare is doing too much damage to families. And so we are going to get this right,\u201d he said.\nSome have suggested Trump might turn to Democrats for help if he can't win over House conservatives. But Senate Democratic leader Chuck Schumer did not seem keen on that possibility this week.\n\u201cHe'll have trouble constantly unless he moves to the middle. We are waiting for him to do it,\u201d Schumer said.\nSenate Minority Leader Charles Schumer of N.Y., speaks with reporters following a closed-door strategy session, March 28, 2017, on Capitol Hill in Washington.\nOvercoming early stumbles\nThere is plenty of history to show that presidents can overcome early political stumbles to become effective later on. Franklin Roosevelt, John Kennedy, Ronald Reagan and Barack Obama all had their share of setbacks and defeats before achieving legislative success. And now the spotlight is on Trump to see if and when he can turn things around.\n\u201cThe question is not whether newly-inaugurated presidents are fully equipped for the job, because most of them are not. The question is whether they can learn from their early mistakes and change course,\u201d said Galston.\nPart of the problem so far, according to Galston and others, is that Trump continues to primarily cater to his political base. That may be why Trump's approval numbers are stuck at about 40 percent, which even some Republicans believe represents the rough percentage of his core supporters.\nTrump may be forced at some point to reach out more to Democrats if House members of the conservative Freedom Caucus remain reluctant to get behind Trump on some of his initiatives. The problem with turning to the Democrats, however, is that many of their constituents remain angry about Trump's election, and they are demanding that Democrats in the House and Senate oppose the president at every turn.\nAs University of Virginia expert Larry Sabato wrote in his political newsletter Thursday, \u201cIf history is any guide, Democrats will believe they have zero incentive to deal with Trump on much of anything,\u201d particularly as they look ahead already to the 2018 congressional midterm elections.\nTrump's challenges in dealing with his own Republican Party and with opposition Democrats come at a time when the president is attempting to follow in the footsteps of his predecessors, many of whom found it a challenge to make the transition from presidential candidate to commander-in-chief.\n",
        "caption": "President Donald Trump pauses while speaking at a rally at the Kentucky Exposition Center in Louisville, Kentucky, March 20, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F3AB5D01-8CC3-45A0-AF05-97EF82848FA3.jpg",
        "id": "4273_1",
        "answer": [
            "bounce back after the failed health care effort"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_30_3789703",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_30_3789703_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What entities are legislating over the people in the image?",
        "context": "Migrant Deal With Libya Within Reach\nBRUSSELS \u2014\u00a0\nA migrant deal between the European Union and Libya seems closer after leaders of the EU institutions met with the Libyan prime minister on Thursday. Details of the deal, proposed by the EU last week, were discussed ahead of Friday's informal EU summit in Malta.\nThe main discussion point at the summit will be how to control migration from North Africa into Europe, before spring approaches, when the numbers are expected to increase.\nThe president of the European Council, Donald Tusk, will propose \u201cadditional concrete and operational measures\u201d to EU heads of states on Friday to stop the trafficking and smuggling networks. Tusk says a deal between the EU and Libya is within reach.\nEuropean Council President Donald Tusk, second right, prepares to address the media prior to an EU summit outside his hotel in Valletta, Malta, Feb. 2, 2017.\n\u201cNow it is time to close down the route from Libya to Italy. [\u2026]This is not sustainable for Europe or for Libya, as the smugglers let people drown and undermine the authority of the Libyan state for their own profit.\u201d\nThe EU migrant proposal sets aside $214 million to train the Libyan coast guard, invest in local communities and financially support international refugee and migrant agencies. In exchange, the Libyan authorities are to stop the thousands of migrants crossing the Mediterranean.\nThe prime minister of the Government of National Accord of Libya, Fayez al-Sarraj, says cooperation on migration issues is also in Libya's interest.\n\u201cThis will lead us to solve the problem and to save the lives of the irregular migration and return them to the countries of origin, where they should hopefully find some jobs and some growth in order not to think of leaving and migrating at the risk of their lives.\u201d\nFILE - Migrants and refugees seated on a rubber boat wait to be rescued by the Topaz Responder, a rescue ship run by Maltese NGO \"Moas\" and the Italian Red Cross, Nov. 4, 2016 off the Libyan coast.\nThe migrants using the central Mediterranean route from Libya to Italy are mostly from African countries. Last year, 181,000 migrants arrived, and around 5,000 drowned during the crossing.\nAmnesty International, Human Rights Watch and the U.N. High Commissioner for Human Rights have all criticized Libya\u2019s human rights record. Libya has been dealing with political instability, terrorism and economic stagnation since 2011. The authority of Prime Minister al-Sarraj does not cover the entire Libyan territory, but the EU backs his government.\nWatch: EU Summit Aims to Stem Migration From Libya\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nEU Summit Aims to Stem Migration From Libya\nShare this video\n0:02:42\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:42\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 7.2MB\n360p | 10.3MB\n720p | 69.4MB\nThe EU also selected five African countries \u2013 Niger, Nigeria, Ethiopia, Senegal and Mali \u2013 which will all receive financial support to create jobs. In exchange, the countries have to cooperate by halting migrants who aim to travel to Europe illegally. \nWhile supporting EU migrant deals, members of the European Parliament condemned the U.S. travel ban during a debate on Wednesday. An executive order signed by U.S. President Donald Trump last week temporarily denied entry to citizens from seven Muslim-majority countries.\nBarbara Spinelli, an Italian Member of the European Parliament, says that the condemnation by the EU of the U.S. is hypocritical.\n\"I wonder if the EU institutions are aware of the worthlessness of their protests against Trump while at the same time developing operations that violate the Geneva Convention and ignore the clear recommendation made by the United Nations' High Commissioner for Human Rights,\" she noted, \" who said that the return of refugees and migrants to Libya should be avoided because those who try to escape face serious risks: torture in detention camps, sexual violence against women and executions.\u201d\nDespite the outcry by some about the treatment of migrants and refugees, there is heavy political pressure to control migrant flows. Right wing politicians in Europe who speak tough words on closing borders are ranking high in polls for upcoming elections in The Netherlands, France and Germany.\nA migrant deal between Turkey and the EU in March 2016 significantly reduced the flow along the eastern Mediterranean route, after more than a million migrants and refugees entered into Europe in 2015. German Chancellor Angela Merkel visited Turkey Thursday to strengthen ties. Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan has threatened several times to quit the deal over disagreements between Turkey and the EU over a range of issues.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Migrants and refugees seated on a rubber boat wait to be rescued by the Topaz Responder, a rescue ship run by Maltese NGO \"Moas\" and the Italian Red Cross, Nov. 4, 2016 off the Libyan coast.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/C81011A9-1A88-4C03-8A9E-E8EA6817BAF4.jpg",
        "id": "20053_2",
        "answer": [
            "European Union and Libya",
            "the European Union and Libya",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "migrant",
            "Migrants and refugees"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_02_3703579",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_02_3703579_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What was happening before the incident in the image?",
        "context": "3 Dead in Suicide Bombing in Central Syria\nDAMASCUS \u2014\u00a0\nA suicide bomber blew himself up at the entrance of a bus station in the central city of Hama on Thursday, killing at least three people and wounding 11, according to Syrian state-run TV.\nThe midday explosion occurred at the usually busy station where buses depart to Mesiaf, in the Hama countryside. Explosions are rare in the city, which is controlled by President Bashar Assad's forces.\nAl-Ikhbariya TV quoted Hama governor, Mohammad al-Hazouri, saying that a suicide bomber blew himself up at the entrance of the bus station while being insplected by security forces, killing two women and a man and wounding 11 others, two of them in critical condition.\nHama saw some of the largest protests against Assad in 2011 that were quickly quelled. The city has remained under the control of government forces throughout the country's civil war, now in its seventh year.\nAssad, who rarely travels outside his capital stronghold of Damascus, attended prayers at a mosque in Hama on the first day of the three-day Muslim al-Fitr holiday late last month.\n",
        "caption": "Army soldiers inspect the site of a suicide attack at a bus station in the government-held city of Hama in western Syria, in this handout picture provided by SANA on July 6, 2017, Syria.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/20BDFF9A-E613-42F5-AF22-61E481857DAD.jpg",
        "id": "32602_1",
        "answer": [
            "being insplected by security forces"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "suicide "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_06_3930749",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_06_3930749_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What position did the pair in the image receive?",
        "context": "Top 5 Songs for Week Ending Feb. 4\nThis is the Top Five Countdown! We\u2019re cranking up the five most popular songs in the Billboard Hot 100 Pop Singles chart, for the week ending February 4, 2017.\nIt\u2019s another week where the deck gets shuffled but no new cards are dealt.\nRay McDonald's Top 5 Countdown for Week Ending Feb. 4, 2017\n0:05:04\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:05:04\n\u25b6\nDirect link\nPop-out player\nNumber 5: The Weeknd Featuring Daft Punk \"Starboy\" \nIt\u2019s a good week for The Weeknd: while he commands the Billboard Album chart for a fourth week, he also remains in our Hot 100 Top Five: \u201cStarboy\u201d slips a slot to fifth place.\nThe Weeknd and Daft Punk have both joined the performing lineup for the upcoming Grammy Awards. Also new to the list are Dave Grohl, Alicia Keys, Maren Morris, Anderson Paak, and A Tribe Called Quest. Previously announced performers include Adele, John Legend, Bruno Mars, Metallica, Carrie Underwood, and Keith Urban. The big night happens on February 12.\nAlex Pall, left, and Andrew Taggart, of The Chainsmokers, arrive at the American Music Awards at the Microsoft Theater in Los Angeles.\nNumber 4: The Chainsmokers Featuring Halsey \"Closer\"\nThe Chainsmokers and Halsey remain strong, as \u201cCloser\u201d recovers a slot in fourth place. Last month, Halsey took to Instagram to reveal that she\u2019d undergone multiple surgeries for the abdominal condition endometriosis.\nAaquil 'Slim Jimmy' Brown (L) and Khalif 'Swae Lee' Brown of Rae Sremmurd attend the National Concert Day at Irving Plaza in New York.\nNumber 3: Rae Sremmurd Featuring Gucci Mane \"Black Beatles\" \nHolding in third place are Rae Sremmurd and Gucci Mane with \u201cBlack Beatles\u201d \u2013 which like all our other songs today, spent some time at number one. Who\u2019s the man behind this viral hit? Mike WiLL Made-It, and while his name may not sound familiar, you\u2019ve probably heard his other hits: \u201cWe Can\u2019t Stop\u201d by Miley Cyrus; \u201cLove Me\u201d from Lil Wayne; \u201cPour It Up\u201d by Rihanna and let\u2019s not forget Nicki Minaj\u2019s \u201cBlack Beatles\u201d remix, \u201cBlack Barbies.\u201d\nFILE - British singer Ed Sheeran at the MTV European Music Awards in Milan, Italy.\nNumber 2: Ed Sheeran \"Shape of You\" \nEd Sheeran loses his Hot 100 crown after one week, as \u201cShape Of You\u201d slips to second place. This week Ed dropped the video, which shows him training for a boxing match, and ending up going against a sumo wrestler. Sheeran says he spent much of last year drinking beer and really packed on the weight. He\u2019s currently getting in fighting shape for the March 3 arrival of his Divide album and subsequent tour.\nHip Hop band Migos on the green carpet for the BET Hip Hop Awards in Atlanta.\nNumber 1: Migos Featuring Lil Uzi Vert \"Bad and Boujee\" \nBack to number one go Migos and Lil Uzi Vert with \u201cBad And Boujee.\u201d Rap fans who want to see Migos perform at the Super Bowl have launched an online petition on the change.org web site. Nearly 60,000 supporters have signed the document asking the rap trio to replace Lady Gaga on February 5.\nThat may not happen, but we'll be here next week with a new hit list.\n",
        "caption": "Aaquil 'Slim Jimmy' Brown (L) and Khalif 'Swae Lee' Brown of Rae Sremmurd attend the National Concert Day at Irving Plaza in New York.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/764AAF30-05A4-4B1E-AEF1-04098C7BA6D7.jpg",
        "id": "24701_3",
        "answer": [
            "third place"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Rae Sremmurd"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_02_3703172",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_02_3703172_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who are the people in the image up against?",
        "context": "Under Siege in al-Bab, IS Faces Retreat to Raqqa\nAs Islamic State fighters make a last stand against Turkish-backed troops in a key strategic city in northern Syria, IS appears to have few options as to where it can retreat.\nAs of Thursday morning, anti-IS forces were in control of the northern part of the town of al-Bab amid fierce clashes with the remaining IS fighters. Local reports said fighting also was taking place in the center of the town.\nThere are nearly 1,000 IS fighters left in al-Bab and 800 others on the outskirts, according to Abu Eyad, a rebel fighter who is involved in the Turkish-backed operation. \"These fighters are mostly foreigners and they are likely to fight in al-Bab until they die,\" Eyad said.\nIS has suffered blows from ground troops on several sides around al-Bab, including on the southern front where Syrian troops have closed in and are only three kilometers away from the town.\nFILE - This image made from militant video posted online by the Aamaq News Agency, a media arm of the Islamic State group on Jan. 9, 2017, purports to show the moment of a Turkish missile strike, in the town of al-Bab.\nU.S. airstrikes in support of Turkish forces and Syrian rebels also have been key in the recent advances in al-Bab.\nIS loss \u2018inevitable\u2019\nIS fighters \"are putting up a tough fight in and around al-Bab,\" said Ahed al-Hendi, a Syrian affairs analyst in Washington.\nBut, he said, IS knows \"that its loss there is inevitable, so they will fight until the end.\"\nAt least 10 Turkish soldiers have been killed by IS since clashes intensified Wednesday morning.\nSimilar to previous battles where it lost territory, IS \"will carry suicide bombing attacks on [Turkish] soldiers and use civilians as shields,\" said Metehan Demir, a Turkish military affairs analyst in Ankara.\nFILE - Rebel fighters rest near a hole in the wall by a fire on the outskirts of the northern Syrian town of al-Bab, Jan. 15, 2017.\nUnder siege in Iraq, and also in its de facto Syrian capital in Raqqa, IS is becoming hemmed in on several fronts, analysts say. IS fighters who survive in al-Bab have one safe haven left in Syria.\n\"They will need additional fighters to be in Raqqa as the Kurdish-led forces are advancing very rapidly from the north and west,\" analyst al-Hendi said. \"So any retreating force from al-Bab will be deployed to Raqqa.\"\nLooking toward Raqqa\nU.S.-backed Syrian Democratic Forces have made new advances against IS fighters this week after launching a third phase of their ongoing offensive to retake Raqqa, some 200 kilometers east of al-Bab.\nFILE - People ride in a vehicle stacked with their belongings after fleeing clashes in the northern Syrian town of al-Bab, Syria, Jan. 26, 2017.\nU.S. military officials say it is a matter of weeks before Raqqa is besieged.\n\"What we would expect is that within the next few weeks, is that the city would be nearly completely isolated and then there will be a decision point to move in,\" said Colonel John Dorrian, a spokesman for the U.S.-led coalition against IS.\nIn anticipation of an imminent attack on Raqqa, analysts said, IS will continue to build its defensive lines there.\n\"If the remaining IS fighters in al-Bab stay alive, they will go to defend Raqqa,\" Turkish analyst Demir said.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A rebel fighter runs with a weapon on the outskirts of the northern Syrian town of al-Bab, Syria, Jan. 26, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/8C89B9C8-087A-4786-B96F-5403CCF4B7C3.jpg",
        "id": "3201_1",
        "answer": [
            "IS fighters"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "rebel"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_09_3716714",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_09_3716714_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the person with the red tie in the image head?",
        "context": "Hungary Re-elects President Ader in Display of Orban's Dominance\nBUDAPEST \u2014\u00a0\nHungarian lawmakers comfortably re-elected ruling Fidesz party veteran Janos Ader as President for another five years on Monday, a sign of Prime Minister Viktor Orban's firm grip on power just over a year before a parliamentary election.\nThe 57-year-old Ader, a lawyer and long-time member of Orban's Fidesz party, has been a strong ally of Orban since being elected for the largely ceremonial role in 2012.\nLawmakers voted 131 in favor of extending Ader's term in a second round run-off after he failed to garner the required two-thirds majority in the first round. Leftist opposition candidate Laszlo Majtenyi, an Orban critic, received 39 votes.\n\"In little over a year you will all face a test. The noise of political debates will amplify over the coming months,\" Ader told parliament before the vote, telling lawmakers to put Hungary's interests first instead of political bickering.\nAder, a reserved career politician with a trademark moustache and a penchant for angling, had provided Orban with a solid backing for his political program apart from occasional road bumps at the most controversial reforms.\nHe had vetoed bills on mandatory voter registration and a proposal to hide nearly a billion euros of central bank funds from public scrutiny, dealing a blow to Orban ally Gyorgy Matolcsy, the Governor of the National Bank.\n\"The president's powers are rather limited and Ader is not expected to challenge the overall policy course of Fidesz,\" said Andrius Tursa at think tank Teneo Intelligence. \"As such, re-election of the incumbent will signal continued Fidesz dominance.\"\nOrban's Fidesz enjoys a comfortable lead in opinion polls, with the Socialist party and nationalist Jobbik vying for the post of Orban's main challenger at a parliamentary election due in April 2018.\nBut many people are undecided, and, in a sign of lurking discontent with Orban' go-it-alone style, an upstart political movement has torpedoed his effort for Budapest to host the 2024 Olympic Games.\nA core element of Orban's agenda to maintain support has been a tough stance on migration, and he is expected to stick to his policies.\nLast week Hungary passed a law to detain migrants in camps on its border, a step which the United Nations said violates European Union law.\n\"In order to distract public attention from pressing domestic problems, such as widespread corruption and the lack of structural reforms, Fidesz will continue to focus its rhetoric on external threats,\" Tursa said.\n",
        "caption": "Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban (C) congratulates re-elected Hungarian President Janos Ader (Front) in the presence of Ader's wife, Anita Herczegh (L), Deputy PM in charge of national politics Zsolt Semjen (Back C), and Fidesz faction leader Lajos Kosa (R) during the plenary session of the parliament in Budapest, Hungary, March 13, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/EDA4AD3E-9F6F-44CF-B821-2468C78F816F.jpg",
        "id": "33655_1_1",
        "answer": [
            "Fidesz party"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Orban"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_13_3763743",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_13_3763743_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in the image with the beard say?",
        "context": "Withdraw From Paris Agreement, Lose Economic Opportunities, Europe Tells US\nEuropean leaders are pursuing a new tack in their bid to dissuade the Trump administration from pulling out of the landmark Paris Agreement on climate change. Withdraw and miss out on economic and commercial opportunities in clean growth, the Europeans are warning Washington policy makers.\nIn back channel discussions, the Europeans are emphasizing a lower carbon future is now inevitable and a United States that\u2019s not fully on board will lose out in terms of energy innovation and clean energy job creation.\nOthers are dangling the prospects to American energy innovators and climate researchers of tax advantages and government subsidies, if they leave the United States and relocate to Europe.\nFILE - European Commission Vice-President Maros Sefcovic (L) and Commissioner Miguel Arias Canete hold a news conference on Clean Energy package in Brussels, Nov. 30, 2016.\nLast week, the European Union\u2019s environment commissioner held meetings in Canada to discuss ways to ensure the agreement is implemented, even in the face of a U.S. withdrawal from the 2015 climate change accord that binds nearly every country to curb global warming.\n\u201cCanada and the European Union are committed to implement Paris, defend Paris,\" EU Climate Action and Energy Commissioner Miguel Arias Canete said in the Canadian capital, Ottawa.\nIn January, a former top aide to President Donald Trump, Myron Ebell, who led transition efforts on the Environmental Protection Agency, told reporters in London Trump will keep his campaign promises and will \u201cdefinitely\u201d pull America out of the 194-nation Paris climate agreement.\nDiverging views\nAccording to The New York Times, however, the White House remains fiercely divided over Trump\u2019s campaign promise to \u201ccancel\u201d the Paris Agreement.\nFILE - Coal cars fill a rail yard in Williamson , W.Va., Nov. 11, 2016. The hard-eyed view along the Tug Fork River in coal country is that Donald Trump has to prove he'll help Appalachian mining like he promised.\nIn an article last week, the newspaper said senior adviser Stephen Bannon and new EPA administrator Scott Pruitt are urging Trump to fulfill his campaign pledge to withdraw the U.S. from the agreement, but Secretary of State Rex Tillerson and the president\u2019s daughter Ivanka are arguing withdrawal would have damaging diplomatic ramifications.\nPruitt is a former Oklahoma state attorney general who is skeptical of arguments that human activity is contributing to global warming.\nEuropean and Canadian officials say they are still hopeful of persuading the Trump administration not to withdraw from the agreement. Playing on President Trump\u2019s determination to boost the U.S. economy and add more high-paying jobs to the American workforce, they are using transactional arguments in their bid, arguing the United States will lose the opportunity to become the world\u2019s clean energy superpower.\nEconomic opportunities\nIn a phone call last week, Canadian Environment Minister Catherine McKenna told Pruitt serious action against climate change opens up major economic opportunities. \u201cI emphasized that our government is committed to the Paris Agreement. We're committed to taking serious climate action, and that we see that as a real economic opportunity,\u201d McKenna said at a joint press conference with the visiting European energy commissioner in Ottawa.\n\"The opportunity is in the trillions of dollars when it comes to clean technology. So we think this is a clear economic opportunity, but we need to work at it and we need to bring everyone along,\u201d McKenna added.\nSome European leaders hope to attract American energy innovators to Europe as the Trump administration cuts federal budgets and subsidies for clean energy.\nMacron's invitation\nEmmanuel Macron, one of the front-runners to succeed Francois Hollande as French president, says innovators impacted by Trump administration cuts in U.S. federal government budgets should relocate to France.\nIn a recent tweet, he said, \u201cPlease come to France, you are welcome, it\u2019s your nation, we like innovation.\u201d He added, \u201cWe want innovative people, we want people working on climate change, energy, renewables and new technologies. France is your nation.\u201d\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;I have a message for you guys. \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/ScienceMarch?src=hash\\\"\\u0026gt;#ScienceMarch\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt; \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://t.co/ZnkFIIksdx\\\"\\u0026gt;pic.twitter.com/ZnkFIIksdx\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Emmanuel Macron (@EmmanuelMacron) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/EmmanuelMacron/status/829849353867128832\\\"\\u0026gt;February 10, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nMacron isn't alone among European leaders eager to attract American energy innovators and climate-science researchers. German officials told VOA they are eager to do the same and will offer preferential tax rates for innovators and start-ups, and funds for researchers.\nFILE - Juergen Silberzahn, mayor of Wolpertshausen, poses in front of a service station for electric cars powered by solar energy, in the village of Wolpertshausen near Schwaebisch Hall, Germany, March 18, 2016.\nEuropean research initiatives are advertising themselves with any eye to attracting Americans. According to the Daily Planet, a news portal of a European clean-energy initiative, Climate-KIC, a partnership of universities, businesses and public bodies, \u201ctalented American students\u201d are welcome to apply for the initiative\u2019s summer school that takes students on a tour of some of the continent\u2019s most renowned research institutions, startup incubators and businesses.\nUnder the Paris Agreement, every nation that has signed on to the accord provides details on how it will contribute to reducing planet-warming pollution. The Obama administration pledged to implement by 2025 a 26 percent cut in U.S. carbon pollution from 2005 levels.\nThe United States would likely be unable to reach that target under regulatory rollback plans by the Trump administration, including on coal-fired energy plants.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - European Commission Vice-President Maros Sefcovic (L) and Commissioner Miguel Arias Canete hold a news conference on Clean Energy package in Brussels, Nov. 30, 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/21E4FB00-950D-4245-B81A-56604B84E277.jpg",
        "id": "6294_2",
        "answer": [
            "Canada and the European Union are committed to implement Paris, defend Paris ",
            "\u201cCanada and the European Union are committed to implement Paris, defend Paris,\""
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Miguel Arias Canete ",
            "Miguel Arias Canete"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_06_3751443",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_06_3751443_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the country of the woman in the image begin?",
        "context": "Chile Leader Visits Haiti as UN Prepares for Troop Pullout\nPORT-AU-PRINCE \u2014\u00a0\nChilean President Michelle Bachelet traveled to Haiti on Monday for talks with government and U.N. officials weeks before the start of her country's announced withdrawal of military peacekeepers.\nBachelet's stop included meetings with President Jovenel Moise, the U.N. special envoy to Haiti and the nearly 400 Chileans currently serving in the U.N. stabilization mission.\nChile's government announced last year it would begin withdrawing its peacekeepers, and Bachelet's office now says the gradual pullout will begin April 15.\nThat is the same day the U.N. Security Council is due to decide the future of the U.N. stabilization mission in Haiti, which was established after a 2004 rebellion ousted President Jean-Bertrand Aristide. U.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres is recommending the U.N. peacekeeping mission as a whole wrap up with the departure of all 2,370 military personnel by Oct. 15. Troops come from 19 countries.\nThe U.N. chief said a successor smaller peacekeeping operation should be established in Haiti to continue to support police training, political stability, good governance, electoral reform, the rule of law and human rights.\nBachelet told Chilean troops based in the northern city of Cap-Haitien that her government believes it has succeeded in realizing the goals set at the start of the stabilization mission some 13 years ago.\n\"It is time, therefore, to refocus our strategy,'' she said.\nBachelet also visited a Port-au-Prince school for girls rebuilt by Chile after Haiti's devastating 2010 earthquake.\nShe was scheduled to depart for a flight to Geneva on Monday evening. \n",
        "caption": "Haiti's President Jovenel Moise, right, talks with Chile's President Michelle Bachelet as she leaves the National Palace after their meeting in Port-au-Prince, Haiti, March 27, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/CC6B0BC8-5059-4E47-A262-92492D770909.jpg",
        "id": "26925_1",
        "answer": [
            "withdrawing its peacekeepers"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Bachelet"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_27_3783713",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_27_3783713_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What happened to the person on the left of the image?",
        "context": "South Korea Urges UN to Refer DPRK Leaders to ICC\nSEOUL \u2014\u00a0\nSouth Korea is using the apparent assassination of Kim Jong Nam to call again for the United Nations to refer North Korea to the International Criminal Court (ICC) for crimes against humanity. \nSpeaking to the United Nations Human Rights Council in Geneva on Monday, South Korean Foreign Minister Yun Byung-se condemned what his country\u2019s intelligence service has called the North Korean \u201cstate orchestrated\u201d killing of Kim Jong Nam, the half-brother of North Korean leader Kim Jong Un, two weeks ago in Malaysia by agents using deadly VX nerve agent. \nYun urged the international body to link this case to ongoing efforts to prosecute the North Korean leadership for widespread North Korean human rights violations.\n\u201cNow the international community should hold those violators accountable by bringing the North Korean case to the ICC,\u201d said Foreign Minister Yun.\nIn 2014 the United Nations General Assembly voted to refer North Korea to the International Criminal Court (ICC) for crimes against humanity, after a Commission of Inquiry report documented ongoing atrocities in North Korea that include incarcerating over 120,000 people in political prisons, as well as systematic abuses that included torture, enslavement, rape and murder.\nThe measure has since stalled in the U.N. Security Council, where the Pyongyang\u2019s allies, China and Russia, are believed to be preventing it from coming to a vote.\nYun told the 47-member forum in Geneva that North Korea has \u201copenly or extra judicially\u201d executed several hundred high-level officials, and that a rising number of North Koreans have defected to escape the increasingly volatile rule of Kim Jong Un.\nA still image from a CCTV footage appears to show a man purported to be Kim Jong Nam (circled in red) talking to airport staff, after being accosted by a woman in a white shirt, at Kuala Lumpur International Airport in Malaysia, Feb. 13, 2017.\nNIS briefing\nThe South Korean National Intelligence Service (NIS) told lawmakers in Seoul this week that North Korea's ministries of foreign affairs and state security were directly involved in the alleged assassination of the North Korean leader\u2019s older half brother.\nRepresentative Lee Cheol-woo, who heads the National Assembly's Intelligence Committee and is a member of the Liberty Korea Party, spoke to the media after being briefed by NIS Director Lee Byung-ho on Monday. \nThe NIS chief reportedly identified four of the eight North Korean persons of interest named by the Malaysian police as being part of Pyongyang\u2019s secret police agency, the Ministry of State Security. \nHe also told lawmakers that five senior North Korean ministry officials were recently executed, supposedly by an antiaircraft machine gun, and that Kim Won-hong, former head of the North Korean State Security Ministry, was removed from his job and is now being detained for giving false reports to leader Kim Jong-un.\nA senior North Korean envoy arrived in Kuala Lumpur on Tuesday and is expected to meet with Malaysian officials about the alleged killing of the North Korean leader\u2019s brother. North Korea has not acknowledged the victim was Kim Jong Nam, but last week blamed Malaysia for the death of one of its citizens there, accusing it of an \"unfriendly attitude\" and of colluding with South Korea.\nThe two women, an Indonesian and a Vietnamese, who were arrested for allegedly smearing the VX nerve on Kim Jong Nam at the Kula Lumpur airport, will be charged with murder on Wednesday, according to Malaysia's attorney general.\nFILE - North Korea's Deputy Foreign Minister Ri Kil Song leaves after a meeting with Indonesian officials at the Foreign Ministry in Jakarta, February 13, 2015.\nChina\nSouth Korea\u2019s Foreign Ministry confirmed reports on Tuesday that a senior North Korean diplomat arrived in Beijing for talks.\n\u201cOur government has been paying attention to the visit of North Korea's Vice Foreign Minister Ri Kil Song to China,\u201d said Foreign Ministry spokesman Cho June-hyuck.\nNorth Korea's Vice Foreign Minister Ri Kil Song is expected to meet with Chinese officials for the first high level bilateral talks since June of 2016.\nFollowing the killing of Kim Jong Nam and a recent North Korean intermediate-range ballistic missile test earlier this month, China halted coal imports from its economically dependent ally.\nKCNA, North Korea\u2019s state news agency, voiced a rare criticism of China for issuing the coal ban, saying it was \"dancing to the tune\" of the United States. U.S. President Donald Trump has repeatedly called upon Beijing to put more pressure on Pyongyang to halt its nuclear program.\nFILE - A Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) interceptor is launched during a successful intercept test, in this undated handout photo provided by the U.S. Department of Defense.\nTHAAD missile system\nSouth Korea is also moving forward to deploy the U.S. missile defense system known as THAAD.\nOn Tuesday the South Korean Defense Ministry said it formally signed a land-swap deal with Lotte Group to locate the anti-missile battery on part of the conglomerate owned golf course in the Seongju region, southeast of Seoul.\nWhile Washington and Seoul maintain the THAAD missile defense system is needed to counter North Korea\u2019s advancing ballistic missile and nuclear capabilities, Beijing has objected to it, saying it will further aggravate tensions with North Korea and that THAAD\u2019s advanced radar and other capabilities present a threat to China and other countries in the region.\nWATCH: THAAD protest in South Korea \nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nS. Korea Protesters Rally Against THAAD\nShare this video\n0:00:49\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:49\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 2.4MB\n360p | 4.0MB\n720p | 21.3MB\nThe South Korean military hopes to handle their differences with China over THAAD through consultations and dialogue.\n\"Related to this, we have been persuading (the Chinese authorities) and we will continue this effort in the future,\" said Defense Ministry spokesman Moon Sang-gyun.\nBeijing has reportedly already taken economic retaliatory measures against South Korea that include temporarily banning some South Korean charter airline flights, limiting the number of tourists into South Korea, restricting import of some South Korean cosmetics, and barring some K-pop Korean music groups from entering China.\nYoumi Kim contributed to this report\n",
        "caption": "A TV screen shows pictures of North Korean leader Kim Jong Un and his older brother Kim Jong Nam, left, at the Seoul Railway Station in Seoul, South Korea, Feb. 14, 2017",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D4553FCE-8919-4836-84A7-6EBB6F482AC9.jpg",
        "id": "6243_1",
        "answer": [
            "Apparent assassination ",
            "assassination"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Kim Jong Man ",
            "Kim Jong Nam"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_28_3743144",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_28_3743144_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who selected the person wearing glasses in the image?",
        "context": "Head of Canada's Spy Agency to Retire in May\nOTTAWA \u2014\u00a0\nThe head of Canada's spy agency said on Monday he would step down at the end of May, the second top security official to announce plans to retire in as many weeks.\nMichel Coulombe, who has been the director of the Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS) since October 2013, said in a statement that after more than 30 years with the agency it was time \"to move on to the next stage of my life with my family.\"\nCSIS found itself in the midst of a controversy last November after a Canadian court found that the agency had illegally kept data collected during investigations over the past decade and threatened sanctions if the issue occurred again.\nCoulombe said at the time that the agency would immediately stop sharing and analyzing associated data until it could \"assess potential operational and legal impacts.\"\nHis announcement on Monday comes one week after Bob Paulson, the head of Canada's national police force, the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, said he would be retiring at the end of June.\n\"I think it's not entirely accidental that both these positions are retiring at the same time,\" said Christian Leuprecht, professor of politics at Royal Military College.\nLeuprecht said there may be a sense that the Liberal government that came to power in 2015 wants different leadership in place. Both Coulombe and Paulson were appointed by the previous Conservative government.\nPublic Safety Minister Ralph Goodale congratulated Coulombe in a tweet and thanked him for his service \"in keeping Canadians safe.\"\nThe Liberals campaigned on a promise to establish a national security oversight committee and vowed to introduce new legislation to guarantee all CSIS warrants respect the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.\nIn their replacement to head CSIS, the Liberals are likely to pick someone who is ready to be open and transparent with the public, which can be a difficult balance for intelligence agencies, said Leuprecht.\n\"You're going to need someone who is ... willing to articulate what the agency does and why it does it,\" said Leuprecht.\nThe government will appoint a new CSIS head against a backdrop of global concerns about the reach of security agencies. Anti-secrecy group WikiLeaks last week published what it said were thousands of pages of internal CIA discussions about hacking techniques used over several years.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS) director Michel Coulombe (L) waits to testify before the Commons public safety and national security committee on Parliament Hill in Ottawa, Oct. 8, 2014.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/7A4E59DA-1975-43A6-9D86-61F7BE172F92.jpg",
        "id": "24699_1",
        "answer": [
            "the previous Conservative government"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Coulombe "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_14_3765242",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_14_3765242_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in the image do?",
        "context": "Western Doctors: Chinese Nobel Laureate Not Too Ill to Travel\nSHENYANG \u2014\u00a0\nTwo Western doctors who visited ailing Nobel Peace laureate Liu Xiaobo in a Chinese hospital Saturday say it is not too late for him to travel overseas for medical treatment.\nHowever, the doctors, one from Germany and one from the United States, said in a statement that any medical evacuation would have to take place \u201cas quickly as possible.\u201d\nJoseph Herman of the M.D. Anderson Cancer Center in the U.S. and Markus Buchler of Germany\u2019s University of Heidelberg said Liu and his family had asked that he be treated in Germany or the United States.\nThe 61-year-old Liu was sentenced to 11 years in prison in 2009 for \u201chis long and nonviolent struggle for fundamental human rights in China\u201d before being transferred to a hospital in the northeastern city of Shenyang for treatment of terminal liver cancer.\nNumber One Teaching Hospital of the China Medical Sciences University said the two doctors approved of the treatment Liu is receiving.\nLiu was jailed following a conviction of \u201cinciting subversion of state power\u201d after he helped write a petition known as Charter 08 that called for democratic reforms in China.\nHe was granted medical parole to the hospital in late June.\nOn Friday evening, the hospital said that Liu\u2019s appetite was \u201cquite poor\u201d and that abdominal fluid that had built up had been drained.\nNew security measures\nSecurity at the hospital has increased over the past few days. A section on the 23rd floor was blocked off with screens. A VOA reporter attempting to get behind the screen was stopped by men on the other side of it.\nTwo people guarded the elevator on the 23rd floor. A delivery man with food for an unknown patient was told to wait as guards called family members to pick up the order. Both the delivery man and the patients\u2019 family told VOA that the security procedures were new, and are found on no other hospital floor.\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nVOA Reporter Finds High Security at Hospital Where Liu Is Being Treated\nShare this video\n0:01:48\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:48\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 5.2MB\n360p | 8.5MB\n720p | 48.1MB\n1080p | 35.4MB\nBrother-in-law weighs in\nOn Thursday, Liu\u2019s brother-in-law, Liu Hui, denied that doctors had halted medication for him, in a letter released by the hospital, following rumors that the dissident was too ill for treatment to continue.\nA family friend of Liu said his medication had been halted as his liver was unable to take it.\n\u201cThe Chinese government often pressures family members to write statements or record videos to make claims in its favor,\u201d Patrick Poon, a China researcher for rights group Amnesty International, said in a message to Reuters, referring to the letter.\n\u201cIf Liu Hui is free, why can\u2019t he talk to journalists?\u201d added Poon, who is based in Hong Kong.\nCalls have grown from rights groups, international bodies and Western governments for China to allow Liu and his wife, Liu Xia, to be treated overseas if they wish.\nSince 2009, China has ignored international calls to free Liu while isolating him. His wife, Liu Xia, has been under strict house arrest in Beijing although she\u2019s never been accused of any crime. Since receiving medical parole, Liu, his wife and family members have been largely prevented from communicating with the outside.\nThe European Parliament on Thursday urged China to immediately release the couple from house arrest, and allow Liu to seek treatment freely.\nChina declines to comment\nChinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Geng Shuang declined Friday to comment about Liu\u2019s treatment and media access to his family.\nHowever, he expressed displeasure at the involvement of the United Nations, after Zeid Ra\u2019ad al-Hussein, the U.N. high commissioner for human rights, met Chinese officials about Liu.\n\u201cRelevant U.N. officials should strictly abide by the U.N. charter\u2019s purposes and principles, should respect China\u2019s judicial sovereignty and not interfere in China\u2019s internal affairs,\u201d Geng told a daily news briefing.\nThe U.N. human rights office on Friday said it was very concerned about reports of serious deterioration in Liu\u2019s health.\n\u201cThe high commissioner has requested that a senior U.N. official be urgently granted access to Liu Xiaobo and to Liu Xia,\u201d it said in a briefing note. \u201cHowever, we have so far received no response from the Chinese government to this request.\u201d\nThis report from Shenyang, China originated on VOA Mandarin. VOA reporter Natalie Liu contributed additional material from Washington, D.C.\n",
        "caption": "Video clips show China's jailed Nobel Peace laureate Liu Xiaobo lying on a bed receiving medical treatment at a hospital, left, and Liu saying wardens take good care of him, on a computer screens in Beijing, June 29, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/FFE916E4-073E-4228-B92B-4BB4FE463C02.jpg",
        "id": "4194_1",
        "answer": [
            "helped write a petition known as Charter 08 that called for democratic reforms in China."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Liu"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_09_3934511",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_09_3934511_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What person are the people in green in the image looking for?",
        "context": "Thai Police Order\u00a0Thousands From Buddhist Temple\nBANGKOK \u2014\u00a0\nThai police ordered thousands of worshippers to leave the country\u2019s biggest Buddhist temple Sunday so it can intensify its search for its former abbot, who is wanted on money-laundering charges.\nThailand\u2019s ruling junta used a special emergency law Thursday to let police explore the scandal-hit Dhammakaya Temple after months of failing to persuade it to hand over Phra Dhammachayo.\nOn Sunday, police said that all nonresidents must vacate the premises to expedite the search of the 400 hectare (1,000 acre) facility because temple activities were hindering police.\nMonks who live within the temple grounds were ordered to congregate at an exit point and not interfere with the investigation.\n\u201cWe are conducting these steps so that we can conduct the search process as quickly as possible so that we can return the temple grounds to the worshippers,\u201d Woranan Srilam of the Department for Special Investigation told Reuters.\nRare defiance of military\nThe temple has been a rare institution in defying the military government. Opposition from political parties and activists has largely been silenced since a coup in 2014.\nPhra Dhammachayo faces charges of conspiracy to launder money and receive stolen goods, as well as taking over land unlawfully to build meditation centers. His aides dismiss the accusations as politically motivated.\n\u201cThis is an abuse of power by the junta who should not interfere on religious matters,\u201d temple spokesman and senior monk Phra Pasura Dantamano told Reuters.\n\u201cWe have always been willing to negotiate and accommodate the authorities but this is too much.\u201d\nPolicemen and Buddhist monks search for a fugitive Buddhist monk inside Dhammakaya temple in Pathum Thani province, Thailand, Feb. 17, 2017.\n13,000 inside temple\nAround 13,000 people were inside the temple as of Sunday morning, according to Dantamano, who said that the temple would have to comply with the request to evacuate.\nAlthough the temple has no overt political affiliation, the abbot is widely believed to have had links with populist former prime minister Thaksin Shinawatra, who was overthrown in 2006. A government led by Thaksin\u2019s sister was toppled by the army in 2014.\nThe Dhammakaya Temple\u2019s brasher approach to winning adherents jars on conservatives, who say it exploits its followers and uses religion to make money. The temple says it is as committed to Buddhist values as anyone else. \n",
        "caption": "Policemen and Buddhist monks walk inside Dhammakaya temple to search for a fugitive Buddhist monk in Pathum Thani province, Thailand, Feb. 17, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/CD43085C-16AF-426B-913C-BAEE465240D8.jpg",
        "id": "2683_1",
        "answer": [
            "fugitive Buddhist monk",
            "Phra Dhammachayo"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Policemen",
            "police"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_19_3730739",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_19_3730739_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who is the person with the black tie in the image accused of dealing with?",
        "context": "Verbatim: Ex-FBI Chief Comey's Recollection of Conversations With President \nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nFormer Federal Bureau of Investigation Director James Comey was leading the agency's investigation of Russian interference in last year's U.S. presidential election when President Donald Trump, frustrated by the ongoing probe, fired him last month.\nOn Thursday, Comey is testifying before the Senate Intelligence Committee, one of several congressional panels probing possible collusion between Trump campaign aides and Russian officials, about his conversations with Trump over the past several months.\nHere are several excerpts about Comey's recollections, from his expected opening statement to the Senate panel.\nPresident Donald Trump, third from right, and first lady Melania Trump, hidden at left, sit down to dinner with Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, third from left, and his wife Akie Abe, right, at Mar-a-Lago in Palm Beach, Florida, Feb. 10, 2017.\nFrom a one-on-one Jan. 27 dinner with Trump at the White House.\n\"My instincts told me that the one-on-one setting, and the pretense that this was our first discussion about my position, meant the dinner was, at least in part, an effort to have me ask for my job and create some sort of patronage relationship. That concerned me greatly, given the FBI's traditionally independent status in the executive branch.\n\"I replied that I loved my work and intended to stay and serve out my 10-year term as director. And then, because the set-up made me uneasy, I added that I was not \"reliable\" in the way politicians use that word, but he could always count on me to tell him the truth. I added that I was not on anybody's side politically and could not be counted on in the traditional political sense, a stance I said was in his best interest as the president.\n\"A few moments later, the president said, \"I need loyalty, I expect loyalty.\" I didn't move, speak or change my facial expression in any way during the awkward silence that followed. We simply looked at each other in silence. The conversation then moved on, but he returned to the subject near the end of our dinner.\"\nFILE - Then-White House National Security Adviser Michael Flynn, center, arrives at the White House in Washington, Feb. 13, 2017.\nFrom a Feb. 14 meeting with Trump in the Oval Office at the White House. Trump had fired National Security Advisor Michael Flynn the day before.\n\"The president then returned to the topic of Mike Flynn, saying, 'He is a good guy and has been through a lot.' He repeated that Flynn hadn't done anything wrong on his calls with the Russians but had misled the vice president. He then said, 'I hope you can see your way clear to letting this go, to letting Flynn go. He is a good guy. I hope you can let this go.' I replied only that 'he is a good guy.'\n\"I had understood the president to be requesting that we drop any investigation of Flynn in connection with false statements about his conversations with the Russian ambassador in December. I did not understand the president to be talking about the broader investigation into Russia or possible links to his campaign. I could be wrong, but I took him to be focusing on what had just happened with Flynn's departure and the controversy around his account of his phone calls. Regardless, it was very concerning given the FBI's role as an independent investigative agency.\"\nFILE - President Donald Trump conducts a phone call in the Oval Office at the White House in Washington, Jan. 28, 2017.\nFrom a March 30 phone call to Comey.\n\"On the morning of March 30, the president called me at the FBI. He described the Russia investigation as 'a cloud' that was impairing his ability to act on behalf of the country. He said he had nothing to do with Russia, had not been involved with hookers in Russia, and had always assumed he was being recorded when in Russia. He asked what we could do to 'lift the cloud.' I responded that we were investigating the matter as quickly as we could, and that there would be great benefit, if we didn't find anything, to our having done the work well. He agreed, but then re-emphasized the problems this was causing him.\"\n",
        "caption": "President Donald Trump, third from right, and first lady Melania Trump, hidden at left, sit down to dinner with Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, third from left, and his wife Akie Abe, right, at Mar-a-Lago in Palm Beach, Florida, Feb. 10, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/1CAD4D15-FA8B-49E0-AA59-3258BC0B48DC.jpg",
        "id": "19847_2",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "Russian officials"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Donald Trump",
            "Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_07_3891137",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_07_3891137_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What have the people in the image been unable to destroy?",
        "context": "Weeks After Massive US Bomb, IS Still on Air in Afghanistan\nISLAMABAD \u2014\u00a0\nAlmost three weeks after the United States dropped its most powerful non-nuclear bomb in Eastern Afghanistan, the Islamic State group continues to show battlefield resilience as well as run its FM radio channel in the area.\nEarlier this week the Islamic State Khorasan Province, the IS chapter for Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Central Asia, through its Middle East based news agency Amaq, claimed it wrested control of a volatile district from the Afghan Taliban in Nangarhar, the same province where the bomb was dropped. Provincial government spokesman Ataullah Khogyani confirmed a clash between ISKP and Taliban fighters.\nLast week, two American soldiers were killed in an intense three-hour fight with ISKP in the same area. The Pentagon suspected the group\u2019s leader, Abdul Hasib, along with 35 fighters were also killed.\nThe fighting has not had any impact on Khilafat radio, the ISKP FM channel that can still be widely heard in most of Nangarhar province, including the capital Jalalabad.\nIS has used the radio to deny government claims that the GBU-43 Massive Ordinance Air Blast, nicknamed the mother of all bombs, killed more than 90 IS fighters, including 13 commanders.\nEffective propaganda tool \nLocals say the radio is an effective propaganda tool.\n\u201cI am against this radio. But when I listened to it, even I became emotional and thought of going and joining IS,\u201d said Jalalabad resident Romal. He was worried about the impact the radio was having, particularly on youth and on people living in the rural areas.\nAnother resident, Zerak Zaheen, had a similar reaction.\n\u201cIf it has this kind of an impact on me, what impact must it be having on the illiterate people?\u201d he asked.\nThe FM channel has been running for more than a year and a half, and despite Afghan government and coalition forces efforts to knock it off air, it has only endured minor hiccups.\nThe two-hour daily broadcast in the local Dari and Pashto languages airs religious messages and urges people to join ISKP in the \u201cjihad\u201d against foreign forces.\nThe Islamic State took hold in the Nangarhar province, particularly in Achin and some surrounding districts, in early 2015. Most of the members of the group are former Pakistani Taliban who crossed into Afghanistan when the Pakistani military started a clearing operation in its northern tribal belt called North Waziristan.\nSome disgruntled Afghan Taliban, along with some Central Asian militants, mostly Uzbeks and Chechens, also joined the group.\nLately, ISKP has taken responsibility for some major attacks in Kabul as well.\nThe Afghan military and NATO forces ratcheted up their operations against the group, promising to defeat it this year.\nLast month, US forces dropped the almost 30 foot bomb, which weighs approximately 10 tons, on a cave and tunnel network in Achin district, saying it was the right weapon under the circumstances.\nA Massive Ordnance Air Blast (MOAB) weapon is prepared for testing at the Eglin Air Force Armament Center on March 11, 2003.\nMOAB reaction mixed \nThe use of such a heavy weapon received criticism from various quarters. Former President Hamid Karzai accused the U.S. of using Afghanistan as a testing ground. The Afghan Taliban condemned the U.S. for using this weapon on Afghan soil.\nHowever, locals have mostly welcomed the move.\n\u201cIf this bomb killed Daesh (IS) we support it. We want to be rid of Daesh\u2019s brutality,\u201d said local resident Ahmed Tahir.\nNone of the locals VOA talked to on several different occasions mentioned any civilian casualties. Most of the civilians in the area, they said, had fled due to brutal tactics employed by ISKP.\nVOA Pashto and Dari Service reporters who went to the bomb site said they could only see limited damage. They saw a couple of mud houses destroyed, but crops within a mile of the bomb site were standing. The blast site had a crater but it was not deep. They could not tell if the attack had damaged ISKP in any significant way.\nSome locals complained to the reporters that the bomb was not worth the hype created over it and said they would rather see bigger bombs dropped on ISKP.\n",
        "caption": "Afghan Special Forces inspect inside a cave which was used by suspected Islamic State militants at the site where a MOAB, or ''mother of all bombs'', struck the Achin district of the eastern province of Nangarhar, Afghanistan April 23, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/75A5321B-50E2-41F7-81AA-D1C6807226E7.jpg",
        "id": "8559_1",
        "answer": [
            "The FM channel",
            "Khilafat radio"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "forces",
            "Afghan Special Forces"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_03_3835739",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_03_3835739_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the boss of the man in the image think about the reports about the man?",
        "context": "Trump Defends National Security Adviser He Ousted\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. President Donald Trump on Wednesday staunchly defended the national security adviser he ousted earlier this week, saying Michael Flynn was the victim of illegal leaks from the country's intelligence community detailing his conversations with Russia's ambassador to Washington and had been \u201ctreated very, very unfairly by the media.\u201d\nTrump, speaking at a White House news conference alongside Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, made no mention of why he forced Flynn's resignation after just 24 days on the job, for what the White House described Tuesday as the president's \u201ceroding trust\u201d in the former Army general.\n\u201cI think it's really a sad thing he was treated so badly,\" Trump said. \"I think, in addition to that, from intelligence \u2014 papers are being leaked, things are being leaked. It's criminal action, criminal act. And it's been going on for a long time, before me. But now it's really going on.\u201d\nWatch: Analyst: Only Independent Commission Could Be Trouble for Trump\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nAnalyst: Only Independent Commission Could Be Trouble for Trump\nShare this video\n0:01:59\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:59\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 5.4MB\n360p | 7.6MB\n720p | 51.0MB\n1080p | 32.9MB\nHe suggested that officials leaking the documents about Flynn's calls with Russian Ambassador Sergey Kislyak were \u201ctrying to cover up for a terrible loss that the Democrats had under Hillary Clinton,\u201d the former U.S. secretary of state Trump defeated in the November election.\nNational security adviser General Michael Flynn delivers a statement daily briefing at the White House in Washington, Feb. 1, 2017.\nTrump turns to Twitter \nTrump spokesman Sean Spicer said Tuesday that Flynn had misled Vice President Mike Pence and other officials in the weeks before Trump's January 20 inauguration in telling them that he had not talked with Kislyak about sanctions imposed on Moscow by former President Barack Obama in retaliation for Russia's meddling in the presidential election to help Trump win, when U.S. intercepts of their conversations showed that he had.\nTrump's defense of Flynn came hours after he launched similar broadsides about the White House drama in a string of comments on his Twitter account.\n\u201cThe real scandal here is that classified information is illegally given out by \u2018intelligence\u2019 like candy. Very un-American!\u201d Trump said.\nThe president, in office for less than a month, suggested news articles detailing links between him, his campaign aides and Flynn and Russian officials were aimed at undermining his victory over Clinton.\nIn one tweet, Trump said, \u201cThis Russian connection non-sense is merely an attempt to cover-up the many mistakes made in Hillary Clinton's losing campaign.\u201d\nHe said, \u201cThe fake news media is going crazy with their conspiracy theories and blind hatred.\u201d He said two U.S. cable news outlets, MSNBC and CNN, were \u201cunwatchable,\u201d while describing the Trump-friendly talk show \u201cFox & Friends\u201d as \"great.\"\nAt the same time, the president claimed that \u201cinformation is being illegally given to the failing\u201d New York Times and Washington Post \u201cby the intelligence community,\u201d the National Security Agency and the Federal Bureau of Investigation, \u201cjust like Russia.\u201d\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-partner=\\\"tweetdeck\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;The real scandal here is that classified information is illegally given out by \\\"intelligence\\\" like candy. Very un-American!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/831853862281699331\\\"\\u0026gt;February 15, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nRussia dismisses report \nThe Post last week was the first newspaper to publish details about the phone conversations between Flynn and the Russian ambassador before Trump took office, while the Times in Wednesday's editions said Trump aides and associates had repeated contacts with senior Russian officials during the 2016 campaign.\nThe new president also attacked Obama, saying, \u201cCrimea was TAKEN by Russia during the Obama Administration. Was Obama too soft on Russia?\u201d\nObama often rebuked Moscow for its unilateral 2014 annexation of Ukraine's Crimean peninsula and the United States, along with the European Union, imposed sanctions against Russia. But the West did not intervene militarily and Crimea remains under Russian control.\nRussia dismissed the Times' report that members of Trump's campaign and other associates were in contact with senior Russian intelligence officials before the November U.S. election.\nPaul Manafort attends a round table discussion on security at Trump Tower in New York, Aug. 17, 2016.\nAccounts called 'absurd'\nThe Times cited four current and former U.S. officials as saying law enforcement and intelligence agencies intercepted calls and had phone records involving Trump's one-time campaign manager, Paul Manafort, and several other unnamed associates.\nManafort called the accounts \u201cabsurd,\u201d the Times said.\nHe also denied a similar CNN report that Trump associates, including Manafort and Flynn, were regularly communicating with Russian nationals before the election.\nIn Moscow, Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov said the report \u201cis not based on any facts,\u201d while Russian media quoted the country's foreign intelligence service saying reports about the contacts were unfounded.\nForeign Ministry spokeswoman Maria Zakharova said at a briefing that Russian envoys acted within normal practice for diplomats of all countries.\nFlynn was ousted Monday after information became public about contacts he had with Kislyak ahead of Trump's assumption of power.\nFILE - Russia's Ambassador Sergey Kislyak from right, U.K. Ambassador Peter Westmacott and China's Ambassador Cui Tiankai wait for U.S. President Barack Obama to deliver remarks on a nuclear deal with Iran at American University, Aug. 5, 2015.\nEvaluation preceded Flynn's resignation \nThe White House said Tuesday that Trump, based on intercepts of Flynn's calls with Kislyak, was advised nearly three weeks ago that Flynn had misled Pence.\nWhite House spokesman Spicer said the president and his close advisers had been \u201creviewing and evaluating\u201d that information on a \u201cdaily basis for a few weeks\u201d before Trump forced Flynn's resignation.\nBefore Trump's inauguration, Pence told CBS News' Face the Nation that Flynn and Kislyak did not discuss the U.S. sanctions against Russia over Ukraine.\nPence also said Flynn and Kislyak \u201cdid not discuss anything having to do\u201d with the Obama administration's decision in late December to expel dozens of Russian diplomats. The Russians were sent home in response to allegations of Russian cyber-spying against Clinton's campaign chief during the 2016 presidential campaign.\nWhite House Press Secretary Sean Spicer goes through papers on the podium for President Donald Trump before a joint news conference with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu.\nLoss of trust\nResponding Tuesday to reporters' questions about the 18-day gap between the January 26 Trump briefing and Flynn's departure on Monday, Spicer said, \u201cThe president concluded he no longer had trust in his national security adviser.\u201d\nSpicer also said the White House decided there was \u201cnothing wrong\u201d that Flynn had talked with the Russian diplomat, even though Flynn was a private citizen at the time.\nFlynn acknowledged in his resignation letter that he had \u201cinadvertently briefed\u201d Pence and others with \u201cincomplete information\u201d regarding his phone calls with Kislyak.\nActing U.S. National Security Advisor Retired General Keith Kellogg arrives for a joint news conference between U.S. President Donald Trump and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, Feb. 15, 2017.\nKellogg joins Trump staff \nKey opposition Democratic lawmakers, and some Republicans, are calling for expanded investigations into links between Russia and key Trump aides.\nTrump named another retired Army general, Keith Kellogg, as his acting national security adviser.\nAlso Wednesday, the Trump administration was said to have offered the job to Vice Admiral Robert Harward, two U.S. officials familiar with the matter told Reuters.\nIt was not immediately clear if Harward, a former deputy commander of U.S. Central Command who has Navy SEAL combat experience, had accepted the offer, the sources told Reuters.\nA White House spokesperson had no immediate comment.\n",
        "caption": "National security adviser General Michael Flynn delivers a statement daily briefing at the White House in Washington, Feb. 1, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/2B6B740F-254B-45F6-8EB1-2D6F53DC976E.jpg",
        "id": "21148_2",
        "answer": [
            "saying Michael Flynn was the victim of illegal leaks from the country's intelligence community detailing his conversations with Russia's ambassador to Washington and had been \u201ctreated very, very unfairly by the media"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Michael Flynn"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_15_3726171",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_15_3726171_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the bald person in the image reaffirm?",
        "context": "Tillerson: NATO Allies Must Boost Their Defense Budgets\nISTANBUL \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson, meeting with his NATO allies' counterparts, said Friday in Brussels that they must increase their countries' defense budgets.\nThe top U.S. diplomat told the foreign ministers the alliance must have \"all of the resources, financial and otherwise, that are necessary for NATO to fulfill its mission\" in places like Iraq and Syria.\nTillerson also addressed Russian aggression in Ukraine with remarks that were tougher than those previously made by the administration of U.S. President Donald Trump, which has stressed better relations with Russia.\n\"We want to have a discussion around NATO's posture in Europe, most particularly in eastern Europe in response to Russia's aggression in Ukraine and elsewhere,\" Tillerson told reporters.\nIn London Friday, U.S. Defense Secretary Jim Mattis, meeting with his British counterpart, also expressed concern about Russia. Mattis told reporters at a news conference Russia has been interacting with Taliban fighters in Afghanistan.\n\"We have seen Russian activity vis-a-vis the Taliban,\" Mattis said.\nMattis also expressed concern about \"reckless\" actions involving North Korea's nuclear weapons and missile programs, as he quickly pivoted to North Korea in response to a reporter's question about Iran.\n\"In the larger scheme of things,\" Mattis said North Korea is the more urgent threat.\n\"This is a threat of both rhetoric and growing capability,\" Mattis said. He added that North Korea's reported preparation of a nuclear test has \"got to be stopped.\"\nIn addition to NATO resources, Secretary of State Tillerson said his most urgent matters were NATO's fight against terrorism and the alliance's posture in Europe, \"most particularly Eastern Europe in response to Russia's aggression in Ukraine and elsewhere.\"\nAnkara talks \nTillerson's visit to Brussels comes one day after meeting with top Turkish officials in Ankara.\nU.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson (left) poses with Turkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdogan before their meeting in Ankara, Turkey, March 30, 2017.\nTillerson hailed Turkey as a trusted ally after meeting with Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan and other leaders Thursday.\nHe also underlined the importance of Turkey in the battle against Islamic State.\nBut the two NATO allies remain at loggerheads over Washington's support for the Syrian Kurdish group the PYD and its militia, the YPG, in fighting Islamic State militants. Ankara accuses the PYD of being a terrorist organization affiliated with the PKK, which is fighting the Turkish State.\nIn a joint news conference, Turkish Foreign Minister Mevlut Cavusoglu stressed Turkey's opposition to support of the PYD, but did not directly criticize the Trump administration.\nTillerson acknowledged no breakthrough on the dispute, saying more discussions are needed. \"We are exploring a number of options and alternatives,\" he said while reiterating Washington's support of Ankara in fighting the PKK.\nWith Washington stepping up its military support of the YPG before the operation to liberate Raqqa, the self-declared capital of Islamic State, Ankara increasingly appears resigned to the fact that its call for its military forces to replace the Syrian Kurdish groups has been rejected.\nBut a presidential source ruled out any retaliatory measures against the United States, stressing Turkey did not want the issue to undermine future cooperation.\n",
        "caption": "U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson (rear second right) speaks with Turkish Foreign Minister Mevlut Cavusoglu (rear third right) during a meeting of the North Atlantic Council at NATO headquarters in Brussels, March 31, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/E768F64D-DFEA-4FA2-8BEC-36552F72C210.jpg",
        "id": "29103_1",
        "answer": [
            "opposition to support of the PYD"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Mevlut Cavusoglu"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_31_3790550",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_31_3790550_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the people in the image allow?",
        "context": "Dutch Government Found Partially Liable in 300 Srebrenica Deaths\nTHE HAGUE \u2014\u00a0\nA Dutch appeals court ruled Tuesday that the government was partially liable in the deaths of more than 300 Muslim men killed by Bosnian Serb forces in the 1995 Srebrenica massacre.\nThe ruling formally struck down a civil court's landmark 2014 judgment that said the state was liable in the deaths of the Bosnian Muslim men and boys who were turned over by Dutch U.N. peacekeepers to Bosnian Serb forces in July 1995 and subsequently killed.\nBut the appeals panel largely upheld the earlier case's findings while significantly cutting the amount of damages relatives of the dead could receive by assessing the victims' chances of survival had they remained in the care of the Dutch troops.\nThe court estimated the chances of Muslim males' survival if they had stayed in the Dutch compound at around 30 percent.\n\u201cThe state is therefore liable for 30 percent of the losses suffered by the relatives,\u201d the court said in a statement. The 2014 judgment didn't include that qualification.\nIn a written reaction, the Dutch Defense Ministry said the government would carefully study the latest ruling.\n\u201cThe starting point is that the Bosnian Serbs were responsible,\u201d the statement said.\nThe appeals judgment is the latest in a string of legal cases in the Netherlands concerning the country's role in the Srebrenica massacre and whether the country's soldiers could or should have done more to prevent the mass killings.\nHague Appeals Court presiding judge Gepke Dulek said the men were killed after being removed by Dutch U.N. peacekeepers from their compound during a mass evacuation. Bosnian Serb forces led by Gen. Ratko Mladic had overrun the U.N.-declared safe haven in eastern Bosnia.\n\u201cBy having the men leave the compound unreservedly, they were deprived of a chance of survival,\u201d presiding judge Gepke Dulek said.\nThe men were among around 8,000 Muslim men and boys killed by Bosnian Serb forces in Srebrenica in Europe's worst massacre since World War II.\nThe ruling angered a group of female relatives of victims of the massacre who were in court for the ruling.\nMunira Subasic, who leads an organization called the Mothers of Srebrenica that brought the case, stood up and waved her finger at the judge after the ruling, saying \u201cthis is a huge injustice.\u201d\nLawyers for the victims can now begin discussions with government lawyers about compensation.\nLawyer Marco Gerritsen, who represented the relatives, said he understood the relatives' anger. \u201cBut from a legal point of view it is not that bad. Of course we would have hoped for more and I think we had a good case,\u201d he said.\nGerritsen called the court's assessment of the men's survival chances \u201cvery arbitrary.\u201d He said he will study the judgment to see if it is possible to appeal to the Dutch Supreme Court.\nOn July 13, 1995, Dutch peacekeepers bowed to pressure from Bosnian Serb forces commanded by Mladic and forced thousands of Muslims out of their fenced-off compound, where they had sought refuge.\nThe Bosnian Serb forces sorted the Muslims by gender, then trucked the males away and began killing them in what would become the bloody climax to the 1992-95 Bosnian war, a slaughter that international courts have ruled was genocide. The war claimed 100,000 lives in all.\nThe Srebrenica bodies were plowed into hastily made mass graves, which were later bulldozed and scattered among other burial sites in an attempt to hide the evidence.\nMladic is on trial for genocide and other offenses at a U.N. tribunal in The Hague for his alleged role in the Srebrenica massacre and other crimes during the war.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Dutch U.N. peacekeepers sit on top of an armored personnel carrier as Muslim refugees from Srebrenica, eastern Bosnia, gather in the nearby village of Potocari, July 13, 1995.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/FA3714AD-E4CB-4BEA-84BF-A09E0E666C77.jpg",
        "id": "19215_1",
        "answer": [
            "forced thousands of Muslims out of their fenced-off compound, where they had sought refuge",
            "thousands of Muslims out of their fenced-off compound",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "peacekeepers",
            "Dutch U.N. peacekeepers"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_27_3917904",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_27_3917904_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What led to the resolution against the man in the image being approved?",
        "context": "Venezuela Congress: Maduro 'Abandoned Post'; Congress Called 'Disobedient'\nCARACAS, VENEZUELA \u2014\u00a0\nVenezuela's opposition-led Congress on Monday approved a resolution declaring that President Nicolas Maduro had \"abandoned his post,\" a symbolic move unlikely to break a year-long stalemate between the executive and the legislature.\nThe opposition won a sweeping majority in 2015 elections as a result of anger over the country's deep economic crisis, but has been hamstrung by a hostile Supreme Court that has shot down nearly every measure it has approved.\nThe court last year ordered Congress to halt a political trial of Maduro meant to declare him responsible for the country's crisis, and the president has dismissed the legislature's moves against him as unconstitutional.\nJulio Borges, leader of Venezuelan coalition of opposition parties, gestures as he arrives for a session of the National Assembly in Caracas, Venezuela, Jan. 5, 2017.\n\"The most important thing is that [this measure] demands an electoral solution to Venezuela's crisis, so that the people can express themselves through the vote,\" Congress President Julio Borges said following the vote to approve it.\nThe opposition in 2016 spent months organizing to seek a recall referendum on Maduro's rule, but that effort was effectively scuttled by electoral authorities that the opposition accuses of supporting the ruling Socialist Party.\nMaduro's critics blame him for triple-digit inflation, Soviet-style product shortages and snaking grocery store lines that stretch for blocks. Maduro, a former union leader and ex bus driver, says he is the victim of an \"economic war\" led by his political adversaries with the support of Washington.\n\"President Maduro has not resigned and he will not resign,\" Socialist Party Vice President Diosdado Cabello said at a news conference before the vote. \"He has not abandoned his post, and we have not recognized nor will we recognize a disobedient legislature.\"\nCongress opened a year ago to great fanfare among Maduro's adversaries amid hopes the opposition majority would be able to revamp the country's decaying, state-led economic system. But the situation has instead devolved into a political stalemate as economic difficulties have become steadily more extreme.\nMaduro's term in office ends in 2019.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Venezuela's President Nicolas Maduro holds up a mock 100-bolivar bill depicting the president of the National Assembly Henry Ramos Allup, during a pro-government rally in Caracas, Venezuela, Dec. 17, 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/5354AC72-7BBA-44B1-B72F-C403CAFD77AD.jpg",
        "id": "3629_1",
        "answer": [
            "the country's deep economic crisis"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Nicolas Maduro"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_09_3668791",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_09_3668791_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What career does the person with the black undershirt in the image have?",
        "context": "State Elections See Infusion of First-time Female Candidates\nChristine Lui Chen, a 36-year-old health care executive in New Jersey and mother of two small children, had never considered entering politics, focusing instead on her family, her career and her community.\nThat all changed in January, 13 hours after she attended the Women's March on Washington. She emailed Democratic officials: \"Here's my resume. I want to get involved.\"\nLess than five months later, Chen's name will be on the ballot, unopposed, in Tuesday's Democratic primary. She hopes to become her district's first Democratic state senator in more than 30 years, the first-ever Asian-American woman in her state's legislature \u2014 and a spear-point for legions of enthusiastic, mainly liberal-leaning women inspired by the election of President Donald Trump to get into politics. \n\"I just never thought politics was in the cards,\" says Chen, whose parents immigrated to the United States with almost nothing to their name. \"But I don't want to be the one who didn't do anything, when we're at this moment in history where we need to stand up and say, 'This is what it means to be an American.\"'\nFILE - Christine Lui Chen, center, who is running for state senate, participates in the Bridgewater Memorial Day Parade in Bridgewater, N.J., May 29, 2017.\nNew Jersey is one of two states holding general legislative elections this year; the other is Virginia. Political analysts will be watching closely to see if there's a shift in the red-blue balance, but the newfound enthusiasm for politics among women \u2014 particularly young women like Chen \u2014 is also drawing attention. Like her, a number of them say they were inspired by Barack Obama's suggestion, in his farewell speech, to \"grab a clipboard\" and collect signatures to run for office themselves, if they were disappointed with their elected officials.\n'Unprecedented'\n\"This moment is unprecedented,\" says Stephanie Schriock, president of EMILY's List, which works to recruit and elect pro-choice Democratic women. \"We've never seen anything like it.\" She says since Election Day, her organization has heard from over 13,000 women from all 50 states interested in running for office.\nTo compare: In 2015 and 2016 combined, about 920 women contacted the group. \"And that was a good year!\" she notes.\nThe vast majority, Schriock adds, are running in their local communities or on the state level. \"They realize, 'I've got to start local.' It's our responsibility to try to guide them into a race and that may be 2018, or it may be 2022. It's a huge pipeline.\"\nIn New Jersey, the Center for American Women and Politics holds an annual, non-partisan campaign training program, Ready to Run, each March at Rutgers University. Typically, only four or five women sign up by December, says Debbie Walsh, who heads the center. This year, 100 women had done so. Running out of space, organizers had to limit registration to 250.\nFILE - Protesters gather near the U.S. Capitol in Washington, D.C., for the Women's March, Jan. 21, 2017. (Photo: B. Allen / VOA)\n\"I've never felt that kind of energy,\" says Walsh of the recent session, where Chen was among the trainees. \"I think it's this universal moment for a lot of women \u2014 more on the middle-of-the-road to progressive end of the spectrum \u2014 who didn't really pay that much attention to politics, kind of thought this was a world that they didn't need to really participate in. This idea that you could be on the sidelines and that that was OK \u2014 no longer feels OK.\"\n'Women standing up for women'\nAlso among this year's trainees was Lacey Rzeszowski, 42, a registered Republican until January, when she officially switched to the Democratic side. Rzeszowski is running for New Jersey Assembly; like Chen, she hoping to turn a longtime red district blue.\nRzeszowski, who in recent years has been a fulltime mother to her three sons, says she made her final decision to run during the bus ride home from the women's march. All day, she'd been awed by the crowd \u2014 \"the scale, enormity and beauty of it,\" she says. \"Women standing up for women.\"\nAnd so, when her seatmate fell asleep on the way home, she found herself staring out the window. \"I knew that when I got home, I was going to discuss it with my husband,\" she says.\nLike Chen and Rzeszowski, Lisa Mandelblatt, an attorney and teacher in Westfield, New Jersey, found her career plans changing quickly after the march. She recalls feeling \"stunned and horrified\" after Trump defeated Hillary Clinton, but newly hopeful after encountering the thousands of women \u2014 a sea of pink hats \u2014 who converged on Washington with her. \"I started to feel, 'OK, we've got this,\"' says Mandelblatt, 53, referring to the country at large. \"We're going to be OK.\"\nPerhaps because she's a teacher, Mandelblatt already owned a clipboard. \"But I grabbed it,\" she laughs. She's now preparing to run for U.S. Congress in 2018, challenging for the seat held by Rep. Leonard Lance, a Republican. \nLGBT issues\nIn Virginia, Danica Roem faces a June 13 primary for the House of Delegates. Roem, 32, says she was motivated less by feelings about Trump than about the longtime incumbent she seeks to unseat, Bob Marshall, a conservative Republican who Roem contends has been \"for 25 years, the most anti-LGBT legislator not just in Virginia, but in the entire South.\"\nFILE - Bob Marshall, R-Prince William, gestures during a committee hearing at the Capitol in Richmond, Va., Jan. 19, 2017.\nBut Roem, a journalist and transgender woman, doesn't plan to spend a cent on opposition research. She covered Marshall for nearly a decade for several Virginia news outlets.\nOn the day Roem announced her candidacy, Marshall introduced his bathroom bill, prohibiting people from entering restrooms designated for use by members of the opposite sex. \"His legislative priorities are more concerned with where I go to the bathroom than how his constituents get to work,\" she says, referring to a major quality-of-life issue in her district: traffic.\nRoem hopes to become what she says will be the first out transgender person ever seated in a state legislature. She's confident: Asked why her opponent has remained in his seat so long, she replies: \"Because he's never run against me before.\"\n'Be that change'\nAlso facing a primary for a Virginia legislative seat is Jennifer Carroll Foy, a public defender. Foy never thought politics would be her thing. But her shock over the election \u2014 she'd gone to bed at 7 p.m., certain of a Clinton victory, and thought her husband was joking in the morning \u2014 spurred her to action.\n\"It's true what they say,\" she says about women in politics. \"Men have to be told NOT to do it, while women need to be told, yes, you CAN do it.\"\nIt took the 35-year-old attorney, who was one of the first African-American women to graduate from the Virginia Military Institute, about six weeks to resolve to run. By then, she says, she had gone through various stages of grief, including denial and anger. She decided not to be angry anymore.\n\"I realized that I can either wait for someone else to do it, or I can be that change that I'd like to see,\" she says.\nIt's that same realization, says Chen, that has led her to knock on hundreds of doors since resolving to oppose incumbent Michael Doherty, who she says was the first New Jersey elected official to back Trump.\nFor Chen, a chief motivating factor was Trump's immigration policies, a subject close to her heart. \"Are we less American because we don't look like Donald Trump?\" she asks, referring to her family. Chen says she is also motivated by the fact that her husband is a cancer survivor.\n\"Life is short,\" she says. \"Too much is at stake.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Christine Lui Chen, right, who is running for state senate during the November elections, walks with her daughter Lily Chen, 6, while participating in the Bridgewater Memorial Day Parade in Bridgewater, N.J., May 29, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/DB70C4D5-8BD8-4EF5-82BC-6D7D14C34E6B.jpg",
        "id": "16825_1",
        "answer": [
            "health care executive",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Christine Lui Chen"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_05_3887993",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_05_3887993_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who would the people in the image take the place of?",
        "context": "Trump to Interview at Least 4 Candidates for National Security Adviser\nWEST PALM BEACH, FLA. \u2014\u00a0\nAs he seeks to get his struggling administration back on track, President Donald Trump is interviewing at least four potential candidates to serve as his new national security adviser.\nWhite House spokesman Sean Spicer says that Trump will interview his acting adviser, retired Army Lt. Gen. Keith Kellogg; a former U.S. ambassador to the United Nations, John Bolton; Army Lt. Gen. H.R. McMaster; and the superintendent of the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, Lt. Gen. Robert Caslen.\nTrump, who is spending the weekend at his private Palm Beach club, could potentially talk to a few others, Spicer said Saturday. Trump is also planning to talk with several foreign leaders Sunday, and will have a health care strategy meeting.\nNational security adviser General Michael Flynn delivers a statement daily briefing at the White House in Washington, Feb. 1, 2017.\nTrump is working to replace ousted national security adviser Michael Flynn. Trump's first choice -- retired Vice Adm. Robert Harward -- turned down the offer.\nThe president tweeted Saturday morning that he \"will be having many meetings this weekend at The Southern White House.\" Trump also planned a campaign rally Saturday afternoon, and he continued his Twitter attacks against the news media.\nFinding a new national security adviser has proved challenging for the president. He had also expressed interest in former CIA Director David Petraeus, but Spicer said Petraeus was no longer under consideration.\nPetraeus, a retired four-star general, resigned as CIA director in 2012 and pleaded guilty to one misdemeanor charge of mishandling classified information relating to documents he had provided to his biographer, with whom he was having an affair.\nFlynn resigned at Trump's request Monday after revelations that he misled Vice President Mike Pence about discussing sanctions with Russia's ambassador to the U.S. during the transition. Trump said in a news conference Thursday that he was disappointed by how Flynn had treated Pence, but did not believe Flynn had done anything wrong by having the conversations.\nFour weeks into his presidency, Trump has lurched from crisis to crisis, including the botched rollout of his immigration order, struggles confirming his Cabinet picks and a near-constant stream of reports about strife within his administration.\nTrump, who defended himself at Thursday's marathon news conference, continued his rants against the news media Saturday, tweeting: \"Don't believe the main stream (fake news) media. The White House is running VERY WELL. I inherited a MESS and am in the process of fixing it.\"\nTrump will get in front of supporters Saturday afternoon with a rally at an airport hangar in central Florida.\nFor Trump, the rally offers an opportunity to recapture the energy of his upstart campaign and to connect with his supporters. Trump spokeswoman Sarah Huckabee Sanders said Trump wants to \"speak directly to people across this county in an unfiltered way, in a way that doesn't have any bias.\"\nBig rowdy rallies were the hallmark of Trump's presidential campaign. He continued to do them, although with smaller crowds, throughout the early part of the transition, during what he called a \"thank you\" tour.\nThe event Saturday is being put on by Trump's campaign, rather than the White House. Asked if it was a rally for the 2020 election, Sanders called it \"a campaign rally for America.\" Trump himself promoted his appearance on Twitter on Friday: \"Looking forward to the Florida rally tomorrow. Big crowd expected!\"\nDuring an appearance Friday at a Boeing plant in South Carolina, Trump slipped back into his campaign's \"America First\" message with ease.\n\"America is going to start winning again, winning like never ever before,\" he said, as the company showed off its new 787-10 Dreamliner aircraft. \"We're not going to let our country be taken advantage of anymore in any way, shape or form.\"\n",
        "caption": "President Donald Trump is interviewing at least four potential candidates to serve as his new national security adviser, including, clockwise from top left, retired Army Lt. Gen. Keith Kellogg; a former U.S. ambassador to the United Nations, John Bolton; Army Lt. Gen. H.R. McMaster; and the superintendent of the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, Lt. Gen. Robert Caslen.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/02081D45-A865-4976-A95A-345969D54165.jpg",
        "id": "12447_1",
        "answer": [
            "Michael Flynn",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "national security adviser",
            "retired Army Lt. Gen. Keith Kellogg; a former U.S. ambassador to the United Nations, John Bolton; Army Lt. Gen. H.R. McMaster; and the superintendent of the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, Lt. Gen. Robert Caslen"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_18_3730344",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_18_3730344_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person with glasses in the image say?",
        "context": "EU Leaders Divided Over Idea of Multi-speed Bloc\nBRUSSELS \u2014\u00a0\nEuropean leaders at a meeting Friday were divided over the idea of accepting a multi-speed Europe - threatening to deepen tensions at a Brussels summit later this month.\nAt the meeting, Poland was the most vocal in its efforts to quash the concept. The idea of multi-speed allows some member states to go faster, or slower with European integration than others on certain policies and topics.\nPolish Prime Minister Beata Szydlo accused French President Francois Hollande of trying to \"blackmail\" Poland, in a bitter dispute over EU leader Donald Tusk. The Polish government is angry about the re-election of their fellow-countryman Tusk as European Council president.\n\"If someone says 'you're not behaving properly so you won't get the money', that's unacceptable,\" she told reporters after the meeting.\nFrance, Germany and Italy back the multi-speed Europe concept - but Poland and its former communist neighbors fear being left behind if their stronger partners integrate in more areas, especially the eurozone.\nPoland is the biggest net recipient of EU funds - in 2015 it received $14.2 billion from the EU. The budget will come under a huge strain when the UK - one of the biggest net contributors - leaves.\nBritain's exit from the EU is a significant rupture. Fears that the bloc itself could implode are why its leaders see the need for a new plan to reinvigorate the European project ahead its 60th birthday, and make it fit for future challenges.\nEuropean Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker, left, and European Council President Donald Tusk address a media conference at the end of an EU summit in Brussels, Belgium, March 10, 2017.\nEmphasis on maintaining political unity\nA multi-speed EU is one of five options presented by EU Commissioner Jean-Claude Juncker earlier this month.\nJuncker stressed that a multi-speed Europe in some ways already exists and that no treaty changes are needed.\n\u201cEven inside euro group, only 10 member states out of 19, having the euro as a common currency, are in favor of the financial transaction tax. So even in the smaller group of the Euro member states we have two groups.\u201d\nThere is no consensus yet between EU member states about the way forward, Council President Tusk told reporters at EU headquarters in Brussels:\n\u201cSome expect systemic changes, losing intra-EU ties and strengthen the role of nations in relation to the community. Others, quite the opposite, are looking for new deeper dimensions of integration. Even if they would apply only to some member states.\u201d\nTusk says he will urge EU member states \u201cto maintain political unity\u201d.\nAt a time when the EU is facing both internal and external challenges, the conflict with Poland could have a negative impact on Brexit negotiations.\nThe main issues on the agenda were defense, unemployment, migration and the western Balkans. The Balkan region has been trying to comply with reforms needed to eventually join the EU.\nThe EU Summit described the situation in the region as \u201cfragile\u201d but also \u201creaffirmed its unequivocal support for the European perspective of the western Balkans\u201d. This is also partly due to Russian pressure and interference in the western Balkans.\nBritish Prime Minister Theresa May was only present on Thursday, while the remaining 27 leaders continued discussions without her on the future of Europe on Friday.\n",
        "caption": "European Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker, left, and European Council President Donald Tusk address a media conference at the end of an EU summit in Brussels, Belgium, March 10, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/AD6575EC-E6DC-4EB6-9C7A-ADC6E466F4E9.jpg",
        "id": "6634_2",
        "answer": [
            "that a multi-speed Europe in some ways already exists and that no treaty changes are needed.",
            "a multi-speed Europe in some ways already exists and that no treaty changes are needed"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Juncker",
            "European Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_10_3760300",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_10_3760300_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What adjective describes the intended purpose of the place in the image?",
        "context": "Next Step for France's New President: Consolidating Power\nPARIS \u2014\u00a0\nWinning the French presidency was step one for Emmanuel Macron. Step two is nailing down the parliamentary majority France's youngest-ever president needs to be effective. That happens in legislative elections that promise a monumental shake-up of the National Assembly and the consolidation of Macron's grip on France's levers of power.\nNot only is the two-round vote, this Sunday and next, expected to install hundreds of new faces in the 577-seat lower house, but many will likely be first-time lawmakers, making good on Macron's campaign promises to take a broom to established, old-style politics.\nHalf of the candidates for Macron's fledgling Republic on the Move! party have, like him, never previously held elected office. They include an award-winning mathematician, a former female bullfighter and the ex-head of an elite French police unit that took down an Islamic State cell, among others.\nWith pollsters projecting a possibly dominant majority for Macron's camp, the election could add real clout to the measured and studied air of authority the 39-year-old has cultivated in his presidential role since the very first minutes of his May 7 victory.\nMuch of Macron's early muscle-flexing has been symbolic, most notably his knuckle-whitening handshake with U.S. President Donald Trump \u2014 aimed, the French leader later said, at showing that he is no pushover.\nBut a large, compliant majority in parliament would arm Macron with the actual power to quickly start legislating and launch his promised program of remedies for the persistent, chronic unemployment and other economic difficulties that have sapped France's weight in Europe. He intends to speedily reform France's labor codes, aiming to create work by injecting greater flexibility into the labor market and by boosting job-training.\nBattered by the electorate that gave Macron a comfortable winning margin over far-right leader Marine Le Pen in the presidential vote, his weakened political rivals fear that another surge of support for the president's candidates in the legislative ballot could make him almost untouchable and limit their tools and abilities to keep his ambitions and legislative program in check.\nPolitical scientist Dominique Moisi says the legislative election is a \"decisive piece\" in the consolidation of Macron's presidency. When the former banker and economy minister launched his wild-card bid for the presidential Elysee Palace in 2016, challenging the monopoly on power of France's established parties on the left and right, his chances of winning the succession of presidential and legislative votes looked remote-to-nil. Now, Macron's gamble is close to paying out in full, and the mainstream parties are in disarray.\n\"He's on course to be a new De Gaulle if he makes the reforms he wants to,\" Moisi said, referring to the hugely respected founding father of modern France, wartime hero Gen. Charles de Gaulle. \"There is a risk that he will have too much authority given the fact that he has some sort of authoritarian personality in him. But that is what France needs right now.\"\nFor Macron's rivals, the election is their last best chance to clip his wings for the next five years until the next electoral cycle. Le Pen is hoping the record support for her National Front in the presidential vote will translate into more seats in parliament than the two held by the party in the last legislature. Similarly, far-left leader Jean-Luc Melenchon also is banking that his strong fourth place in the presidential ballot will help secure legislative seats for himself and his candidates.\nThe left and right mainstream parties, the Socialists and conservative Republicans, are hoping to limit their losses, having been spectacularly sanctioned by voters in the presidential vote. For the first time, neither of them made the decisive May runoff vote that was contested between Macron and Le Pen.\nTo win in the first round Sunday, candidates must win an absolute majority of votes cast and the support of at least 25 percent of registered voters in their constituency. Otherwise, the contest moves to the second-round vote the following Sunday.\n",
        "caption": "French President Emmanuel Macron waits for guests to leave at the Elysee Palace in Paris, France, June 6, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/553E79B7-8A19-496B-961C-0A4CAD48248A.jpg",
        "id": "27634_1",
        "answer": [
            "presidential"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Elysee Palace"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_09_3893782",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_09_3893782_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the man on the right wanting to do?",
        "context": "Venezuela Assembly Plan Threatens Chavez Legacy, Prosecutor Says\nCARACAS, VENEZUELA \u2014\u00a0\nPresident Nicolas Maduro's plan for a new popular congress to rewrite Venezuela's constitution threatens to destroy the political legacy of former leader Hugo Chavez, the chief state prosecutor said on Thursday.\nMaduro, 54, who calls himself the \"son\" of Chavez and guarantor of his late mentor's socialist ideals, has cast the constituent assembly plan as the way to restore peace after two months of anti-government unrest that has killed 67 people.\nCritics, including some traditional government supporters, have said there is no need to rewrite the constitution reformed by Chavez in 1999, and insist that a referendum should be held to determine if the country wants such an assembly.\n\u201cI think with this (assembly) we are destroying President Chavez\u2019s legacy,\u201d Luisa Ortega, the prosecutor who broke with Maduro several weeks ago, said outside the Supreme Court.\nVenezuelan President Nicolas Maduro (R) talks with Attorney General Luisa Ortega Diaz during a meeting at Miraflores presidential palace in Caracas, April 1, 2017.\nCall for general election\nChavez ruled Venezuela from 1999-2013, winning a plethora of elections due to his oil-fueled social welfare policies, charisma, and connection with the poor.\nHe is still revered by many, though critics argue that his populist policies are the base for the current economic meltdown.\nOpposition leaders are calling for a general election to settle Venezuela's crisis. They have said that the assembly plan is a sham with skewed rules to ensure the socialists remain in power.\n\u201cA constituent (assembly) behind the backs of the people cannot be,\u201d Ortega added, also denouncing the \u201cferocious repression\u201d of anti-Maduro protests.\n\u201cThose opposed to the assembly are called traitors, fascists, terrorists \u2014 we cannot live in a country like that,\u201d Ortega said.\nThe pro-government Supreme Court has already shot down one appeal against the constituent process lodged by Ortega, the highest-profile dissenter from within government since the protests started in April.\nRiot security forces members catch fire during riots at a rally against Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro's government in Caracas, Venezuela, June 7, 2017.\nTwo months of protests\nOn Thursday, she asked the court to block the constituent process put in place by Maduro and the national election board.\nOpposition protesters have been on the streets near-daily for more than two months demanding elections, foreign humanitarian aid, freedom for hundreds of jailed activists, and autonomy for the opposition-controlled National Assembly.\nThey call Maduro a dictator who has wrecked the OPEC nation's economy. The 54-year-old president says they are right-wing \u201cfascists\u201d seeking a coup.\nThe latest fatality from the unrest was 17-year-old protester Neomar Lander, who died during clashes with security forces in Caracas on Wednesday.\n",
        "caption": "Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro (R) talks with Attorney General Luisa Ortega Diaz during a meeting at Miraflores presidential palace in Caracas, April 1, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/C68A3F82-99E4-4EA3-8410-444B74CC766E.jpg",
        "id": "3677_2",
        "answer": [
            "to rewrite Venezuela's constitution"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Nicolas Maduro"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_08_3892886",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_08_3892886_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the country of the person on the right of the image do?",
        "context": "IGAD Leaders to Help Send Refugees Back Home\n NAIROBI \u2014\u00a0\nThe leaders of the Intergovernmental Authority on Development regional grouping, meeting in Nairobi Saturday, agreed to facilitate the voluntary return of refugees and address the political and security situation in Somalia.\nEight leaders from eastern Africa met in Nairobi to discuss the situation of Somali refugees in the region.\nThe meeting was held two months before the planned Dadaab refugee camp closure by the Kenyan government.\nKenyan President Uhuru Kenyatta insists the refugee camp in the northeast part of his country is no longer just a sanctuary for refugees but is the scene of criminal and terror activities too.\n\u201cInstead Dadaab has become a protracted situation characterized by hopelessness that easily feeds environmental destructions, a conflict between refugees and host communities, insecurity, radicalization, criminality and also allows terrorist operatives to exploit for its operational efforts,\u201d he said.\nRefugees stand outside their tent at the Ifo Extension refugee camp in Dadaab, near the Kenya-Somalia border, Oct. 19, 2011. Ahmed Warsame, the new UNHCR director for global emergencies has led UNHCR operations in Dadaab.\nMore than 200,000 refugees live in the Dadaab refugee camp. Close to a million Somalis are refugees in neighboring countries. Kenya hosts a third of those, and Ethiopia is home to a quarter of a million of Somalis.\nThe region is also facing a humanitarian crisis. More than 17 million are affected by drought and are in need of aid assistance.\nThe leaders said there was a need to respond to the humanitarian crisis to prevent new displacement of people.\nObservers fear the current crisis may threaten the lives of refugees returning to Somalia where 6 million-half of the population is hungry.\nThe heads of the nations in the summit said that voluntary repatriation is not the only option and has urged other countries to come forward and share responsibility through settling some of the refugees in third countries.\nSomali President Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed says his compatriots tell him the situation back at home has forced them to live in camps.\n\u201cToday 2.5 million Somalis refugees and IDPs live in camps in and out of the country. Tragically some have lived in the camps for three generations,\" he said. \"All the environment was not conducive enough in Somalia for them to return.\u201d\nFILE - A girl carries a baby boy in a camp in Kismayo, Somalia that is home to both displaced Somalis and returned refugees on September 27, 2016. (J. Patinkin/VOA)\nMohamed says his government will call on the rest of the nations in the region to improve the security situation.\n\u201cWe will increase our effort to jointly achieve the objectives of this conference on the voluntary return of our people, safe and dignified manner and to provide global solutions so that they can participate in the rebuilding of prosperous, and peaceful Somalia at peace and harmony with itself and neighbors,\u201d he said.\nKenya, Uganda, Djibouti, Burundi and Ethiopia have sent troops to Somalia to support the government and fight Islamist militant group al-Shabab.\nThe UNHCR\u2019s assistant high commissioner for operations, George Obbo, creating a safe place for refugees will require a collective effort.\n\u201cSolutions for refugees and internal displaced are, however, fundamentally linked to resolving conflict, and building stability inside Somalia but these should not be pursued as sequential states rather we need to engage a range of tools and actors,\" he said. \"To help build the conditions will allow those refugees who are ready to return home to do so voluntarily.\u201d\nThe U.N.\u2019s refugee agency is calling for a joint effort to mitigate the effect of drought and avert famine in the region to reduce the suffering of the population in Eastern Africa.\n",
        "caption": "Kenya's President Uhuru Kenyatta, right, and Ethiopia's PM Hailemariam Desalegn and the Chairman of the IGAD Assembly of Heads of State and Government, left, listen to speeches during the special summit, in Nairobi, March 25, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/707D7F39-4EBF-40CE-A919-D15489C7C106.jpg",
        "id": "30182_1_2",
        "answer": [
            "sent troops to Somalia"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Kenya"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_26_3782277",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_26_3782277_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What foreign country used weapons similar the one in the image?",
        "context": "Trump Administration Reviewing What Role US Nuclear Weapons Should Play\u00a0\nWHITE HOUSE \u2014\u00a0\nThe United Nations begins negotiations Monday on a legally binding treaty to prohibit nuclear weapons.\nThis comes as the United States commences a review of what role its nuclear weapons should now play.\n\u201cShortly after taking office, the president directed a new Nuclear Posture Review to ensure that the United States nuclear deterrent is modern, robust, flexible, resilient, ready, and appropriately tailored to deter 21st century threats and reassure our allies,\u201d White House senior assistant press secretary Michael Short told VOA Friday. \u201cThe review is underway and is being led by the secretary of defense.\u201d\nThose around the world yearning for a planet free of nuclear weapons are likely to be disappointed with the outcomes both at the United Nations and the White House.\n\u201cI personally support a world without nuclear weapons,\u201d said Steven Pifer, a former U.S. deputy assistant secretary of state for European and Eurasian affairs. \u201cBut I would also admit it would be very hard to get there.\u201d \nNATO vote\nThe Obama administration last year strongly encouraged NATO allies to vote against the start of negotiations at the U.N., contending such a ban would hinder cooperation to respond to nuclear threats from adversaries.\nThe proposed U.N. treaty \u201caims to delegitimize the concept of nuclear deterrence upon which many U.S. allies and partners depend,\u201d according to a notice Washington sent to NATO on October 17.\nSome in the Trump administration would like to see it abandon Obama\u2019s stated goal of a world without nuclear weapons and lift the moratorium on U.S nuclear weapons testing.\nFILE - A photo provided by US Air Force shows an unarmed Minuteman III intercontinental ballistic missile during an operational test at Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif.\n\u201cWe have not conducted an experiment in over 20 years. Since then we\u2019ve made some changes to our nuclear warheads, and we don\u2019t fully understand how those changes might play out in operational scenarios,\u201d said Michaela Dodge, a senior policy analyst at the Heritage Foundation.\nExamining whether global nuclear disarmament \u201cis a realistic goal\u201d is part of the Nuclear Posture Review, according to Christopher Ford, the National Security Council\u2019s senior director for weapons of mass destruction and counter-proliferation, who spoke at a conference in Washington last Tuesday.\nThe Trump administration \u201cmay come to a different conclusion than the Obama administration came to as to how realistic it is to make that a goal that drives your near and midterm policy approaches,\u201d Pifer, director of the Brookings Arms Control Initiative, said during a seminar the following day devoted to how U.S. and Russian leaders can avoid renewed nuclear tensions.\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTrump Administration Looking at New Nuclear Posture\nShare this video\n0:02:58\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:58\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 8.1MB\n360p | 10.7MB\n720p | 78.8MB\n1080p | 52.9MB\nNumber of weapons\nAlso on the table, according to National Security Council officials, are the number of U.S. weapons needed to counter other nuclear-armed countries and whether new devices should be added to its atomic arsenal.\n\u201cI think over time President Trump and his team at the Pentagon are going to recognize that we do need to continue to have verifiable arms limits with Russia,\u201d said Pifer, also a former U.S. ambassador to Ukraine. \u201cWe don\u2019t want a new arms race. We don\u2019t want to open the door to new types of nuclear weapons and nuclear testing, which would have grave ramifications for the global arms reduction and nonproliferation process.\u201d\nChildren perform a die-in in front of the Atomic Bomb Dome in Hiroshima, western Japan, August 5, 2015. Japan will mark on Thursday the 70th anniversary of the attack on Hiroshima, where the U.S. dropped an atomic bomb on August 6, 1945.\nThat also appears to be the view in Moscow.\nA former Russian arms control negotiator, who attended the Washington seminar told VOA the Kremlin desires resuming dialogue in this arena.\n\u201cFor the Russian side, if United States is forthcoming and comes up with something interesting, it would be very difficult for Russia to say, \u2018Nyet, we\u2019re not interested.\u2019 No. No way,\u201d said Victor Mizin, deputy director of the Institute for International Studies at the Moscow State Institute of International Affairs.\nThe self-described former Cold Warrior terms the current situation as a \u201chybrid cold war,\u201d contending the rhetoric is worse than it was in the 1980s.\nFor the past several years, the United States has accused Russia of violating the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty, a landmark arms control agreement of the Cold War.\nFord, the only senior nuclear policy official yet appointed by Trump, said the administration is reviewing responses to Russia\u2019s deployment of nuclear-capable cruise missiles, which led to the U.S. accusations.\n\u201cWhat usually happens, as you well know, is the United States over-complies with agreements while permitting Russia to have more wiggle room in an effort to save the agreement itself,\u201d Dodge, at the Heritage Foundation, told VOA.\nArms control\nAnother influential Russian academic visiting Washington in recent days for conferences and seminars on arms control, Sergey Rogov, expressed concern about the Trump administration\u2019s apparent distaste for multilateral treaties, noting contradictory comments made by candidate Trump on nuclear issues.\n\u201cApparently today there is no nuclear policy for the new administration,\u201d said Rogov, director of the Institute of U.S.-Canadian Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, who added, however, \u201cit\u2019s still early. But the problem is the Republican Party has almost no arms controllers left.\u201d\nPresident Trump, on the campaign trail, did speak both of a desire to see the abolition of nuclear weapons and of giving an unrivaled arsenal to the United States, which he said had fallen behind in its nuclear capabilities.\nThe president also mentioned the possibility of using nuclear weapons against the Islamic State and publicly pondered whether countries such as Japan and South Korea, protected under the American nuclear umbrella, might be better off having their own such weapons.\nThe U.S. nuclear posture review is expected to take 12 to 18 months. The previous one was completed in 2010 during the first term of President Barack Obama.\nU.S. nuclear policymakers will now also be keeping one eye on the activities at the United Nations where the negotiations threaten to upset the terms of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. That treaty allowed the United States, Russia, China, United Kingdom and France, who are also the five permanent members of the U.N. Security Council, to retain their nuclear weapons for an unspecified time.\nAnti-nuclear activists\nSome anti-nuclear activists expressed disappointed with the Obama administration, despite its denuclearization rhetoric, because it requested large increases for nuclear weapons programs at the Department of Defense and the Department of Energy. They are not expecting good news from the Trump administration.\n\u201cBut throwing out even this rhetorical commitment, arguing that a world without nuclear weapons is unrealistic, and hinting at the resumption of explosive nuclear weapon testing means violating international law, including the Non-Proliferation Treaty and the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty, and a clear expression of support for nuclear weapons,\u201d said Ray Acheson, director of the disarmament program of the Women\u2019s International League for Peace and Freedom.\nAcheson told VOA her organization sees this as \u201cposing enormous risks to the existing nonproliferation regime\u201d and \u201cwill essentially be equivalent to throwing the last several decades of iterative work towards nuclear disarmament and nonproliferation into the dustbin of history.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A photo provided by US Air Force shows an unarmed Minuteman III intercontinental ballistic missile during an operational test at Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/431E04E6-2A1E-41B8-9CE6-4080B0F80A39.jpg",
        "id": "25524_2",
        "answer": [
            "Russia"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "missile"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_25_3781464",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_25_3781464_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person on the left of the image do?",
        "context": "Fears Grow Over Fairness of Upcoming Election in Turkey \nISTANBUL \u2014\u00a0\nThe Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan has signed into law constitutional amendments aimed at giving him sweeping new powers under an executive presidency. The reforms are deeply divisive, with supporters saying they will strengthen democracy, while critics warn of dictatorship. Turks will decide in a referendum set for April 16. Doubts over its fairness are growing among opponents of the reforms, who claim a crackdown against them already has started.\nLeading right-wing politician Meral Aksener recently spoke at a rally to oppose the presidential constitutional reforms. The meeting ended up being held in darkness after the electricity to the venue was mysteriously cut. Aksener said she had little doubt the blackout was deliberate, shouting to the audience, \u201cPresident, what you are afraid of, me as a woman opposing you and your powerful state.\u201d\n\u201cWe look for democracy in darkness and hopefully on April 16th we will find democracy coming out of the ballots,\u201d she later said to reporters.\nAksener's rally received scant coverage by the mainstream media, being confined to fringe opposition publications and TV channels broadcasting on the internet. Analysts say that's because much of the mainstream was directly or indirectly under the influence of Erdogan, what remains increasingly avoids critical reporting.\nFILE - Meral Aksener. a former Interior minister, addresses supporters as riot police sealed off a hotel to prevent thousands of dissidents from holding a party congress in Ankara, Turkey, May 15, 2016.\nInterview goes unprinted\nTurkey's Nobel Prize winner for literature, Orhan Pamuk, said he gave an interview to a newspaper, but it declined to publish his comments because he said he would cast a \u201cno\u201d vote on the referendum. Additionally, a leading news anchor said he was fired after he tweeted his opposition.\nA top Turkish constitutional law expert, Professor Ibrahim Kaboglu of Istanbul's Marmara University, also says he and other colleagues were let go from their jobs for voicing their opposition to the reforms.\n\u201cIt is not possible to say there is no connection between these dismissals and the rushing of constitutional change,\u201d said Kaboglu at a protest over academic dismissals, \u201cwhich normally would be executed in two-and-a-half years, rather than within two-and-a-half weeks under emergency law, with the full mobilization of the state for a \u2018Yes\u2019 vote for the constitutional changes.\u201d\nTurkey has been under emergency rule since July's failed coup attempt. It allows the president and his government to dismiss any state employee. Concerns over the neutrality of the state in the forthcoming referendum are increasingly being raised.\nFILE - Turkish authors Orhan Pamuk, left, and Murat Belge leave Kartal Justice Palace after Belge appeared in court on charges of insulting Turkish President Tayyip Erdogan in Istanbul, May 3, 2016.\nEmergency rule essential?\n\u201cWe are under emergency rule, and its very obvious it's not going to be democratic process of election and referendum,\u201d warned political scientist Ismet Akca, who like Kaboglu was recently fired under emergency rule decree. \u201cYou can see this even in the Health Ministry. They produced some public information, which said \u2018no to smoking.\u2019 They are now recalling this literature because it has the word \u2018no\u2019 in it.\u201d\nThe president argues that emergency rule is essential to guaranteeing the security and safety of the referendum. But concerns over the use of emergency powers against campaigners who vote \u201cno\u201d grew with Erdogan's warning that those who oppose his reforms are in the company of terrorists.\n\u201cWho says no to these reforms? The PKK terrorist says no. Who says no? The coup plotters say no. Who says no? Those who want to divide this country say no. Only those who are against the flag say no,\u201d Erdogan thundered.\nA supporter holds a portrait of Selahattin Demirtas, detained leader of Turkey's pro-Kurdish opposition Peoples' Democratic Party at a meeting at the Turkish parliament in Ankara, Nov. 8, 2016.\nRaids continue\nPolice are continuing to carry out dawn raids under emergency powers, arresting thousands of members of Turkey's second-largest opposition party, the pro-Kurdish HDP. Those detained include its charismatic leader, Selahattin Demirtas, widely recognized as one of the most lucid opponents of the proposed executive presidency.\nSoli Ozel, an international relations expert from Istanbul's Kadir Has University, questions whether the vote will be fair.\n\u201cI think this will be very uncomfortable for the naysayers to be able to push their line of thinking, because the last two elections we've held have not really been either as fair or free as we've come to expect. For better or worse, that is one thing Turkey has done very well; that is, we held elections fair and free; that has been infringed upon in my view. I can easily imagine the yes camp will monopolize [media] air time and the no camp will not have all that much of chance to explain itself. But on the other hand, I also see a serious potential for a \u2018no\u2019 vote; will it be mobilized properly? I don't know,\u201d said Ozel.\nOpinion polls indicate the outcome remains too close to call. That is giving the \u201cno\u201d campaign hope, but the expectation of further crackdowns on their activities can only deepen the country's political divide.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Turkish authors Orhan Pamuk, left, and Murat Belge leave Kartal Justice Palace after Belge appeared in court on charges of insulting Turkish President Tayyip Erdogan in Istanbul, May 3, 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F3939986-2DB3-4E44-8217-BA54CB152778.jpg",
        "id": "4934_3",
        "answer": [
            "gave an interview to a newspaper",
            "He insulted Turkish President Tayyip Erdogan in Istanbul, May 3, 2016."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Orhan Pamuk"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_15_3726046",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_15_3726046_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What barriers do the people like those in the image have to overcome?",
        "context": "Refugees From Myanmar Hurt Most by Trump Cuts\nKUALA LUMPUR, MALAYSIA \u2014\u00a0\nTin, her husband and five children have cleared years of refugee hurdles to come to the U.S.: blood tests, interviews, DNA and fingerprints, background checks. She has her one must-bring possession within reach, a well-worn Bible, and keeps their phone charged for the U.S. Embassy to call.\nBut the odds of that happening dropped precipitously.\nPresident Donald Trump\u2019s 16-page travel ban \u201cto keep the bad dudes out\u201d bars new visas for people from six Muslim-majority countries and shuts down America\u2019s refugee program through mid-July. His executive order had been set to take effect Thursday, but a federal judge put it on hold hours before it was to take effect.\nThe order also includes a 55 percent reduction in refugee visas overall, from a planned 110,000 to 50,000 this year. This means, in some of the most desperate places in the world, 60,000 refugee visas are not going to be issued after all.\nTin, a Christian Burmese refugee, leaves a school after dropping off her children in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, March 11, 2017. Tin is a Christian Burmese who fled Myanmar and is hoping to resettle in the United States.\nWho is shut out?\nWho are the 60,000 people who may have lost their chance to resettle in the U.S. by September? An Associated Press analysis of 10 years of refugee data suggests that their most common country of origin is not any of the six nations in the travel ban, but Myanmar, also known as Burma. Thousands, like Tin and her family, are Christians who were persecuted in their native country.\nThey expected to resettle before September in the U.S., a place they consider home. More than 160,000 Burmese have resettled in the U.S. in the past decade, more than any other group. They account for nearly 25 percent of new U.S. refugees since 2007.\n\u201cAmerica is really our fatherland in terms of religion,\u201d said Tin, 38. \u201cThey sent their missionaries to our country and taught us to be Christians. And now we had to escape. All we want is to be safe.\u201d\nUnder an authoritarian regime in predominantly Buddhist Myanmar, Christians face religious and political discrimination. Tin and her community fled Chin state, where Human Rights Watch says more than 90 percent of the residents were adhering to the tenets the American Baptist Church by 2009, pitting them against a military campaign to elevate Buddhism over all other religions.\nTin and others said that when they gathered for family prayers, people threw rocks at them. Soldiers busted into church services. They hid their precious Bibles for fear of attack.\nChristian Burmese refugees fix the linoleum floor of their classroom in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, March 11, 2017. An Associated Press analysis suggests that the people hurt most by President Donald Trump's planned deep cuts in refugee visas are from Myanmar.\n\u2018We only seek safety\u2019\nSchool teacher Sang, 29, a Burmese refugee who learned English as a theology student, meticulously read through a copy of Trump\u2019s executive order last week and then looked up, nodding.\nHe said that while he agreed with the need to keep terrorists out of the U.S., \u201cWe are not terrorists, we are Christians. We will never be a problem in the United States. We will get educations, we will work hard. We only seek safety.\u201d\nTin and Sang are among more than 100,000 Christian Burmese refugees forced to flee in recent years. They live out of suitcases in abject poverty in Malaysia. Their kids can\u2019t go to school, and they risk deportation or detention if they try to report a crime.\nAnd it\u2019s not just Christians. Hundreds of thousands of Rohingya Muslims have also been forced to escape the country of 51 million, where soldiers torched homes, raped women and killed them in a crackdown that began in October.\nTrump\u2019s \u201cExecutive Order Protecting The Nation From Foreign Terrorist Entry Into The United States,\u201d says lowering the cap is necessary to U.S. interests. But the swift reduction in refugee visas interrupts work under way by federal law enforcement agencies and nonprofits around the world to vet 110,000 people in 2017, the highest number in decades. It was an attempt to put a small dent in the record 65 million refugees, asylum seekers and internally displaced persons worldwide.\nMore from the seven countries\nNearly 38,000 have been admitted so far. Another 72,000 were preparing to arrive before the fiscal year ends in September. Instead, under Trump\u2019s order just 12,000 more will be allowed in. Exceptions can be made if the secretaries of State and Homeland Security agree.\n\u201cThe safety and security of the American people is our highest priority,\u201d said a State Department official who provided a statement on condition of anonymity because he wasn\u2019t authorized to talk on the record about it.\nThe U.S. defines refugees as people of \u201cspecial humanitarian concern\u201d who have been persecuted because of their race, religion, nationality, political opinion, or membership in a particular social group.\nAn AP analysis found that nearly half the refugees who have arrived in fiscal year 2017 came from the seven majority Muslim countries named in an earlier executive order. Refugees from Syria, in particular, have arrived in greater numbers in the past 12 months. Burma\u2019s share has dropped from 26 percent of all spots in 2015 to 8 percent of the refugee caseload so far this fiscal year.\nThe AP also found refugees from Bhutan and Afghanistan make up a smaller proportion admitted in 2017 than in previous years.\nIn 1980s, Southeast Asians\nAbout 210,000 refugees, largely Vietnamese and Cambodians, came to the U.S. in 1980, the most in any year. Refugee arrivals dropped to less than 30,000 after September 11 prompted strict new immigration rules. But they have increased fairly steadily since 2004, and overall refugee admissions reached 85,000 last year.\nThe journeys of Burmese refugees begin in some of the poorest places on Earth: remote villages in strife-ridden regions. They pay smugglers upward of $500 for the harrowing two-week journey. Some end up in Thailand, where an estimated 100,000 live in refugee camps, known locally as \u201ctemporary shelters.\u201d Thai officials did not allow AP to visit.\nIn Malaysia there are about 130,000 Burmese refugees awaiting resettlement. They live in Kuala Lumpur\u2019s poorest neighborhoods, their makeshift plywood walls dividing ordinary two-bedroom apartment into a half dozen stifling family units, a stark contrast to city\u2019s glimmering skyscrapers. They can stay for years, their belongings packed in baggage, so they can be near the United Nations and U.S. Embassy if called to get stamps on documents or meet with officials.\nEarlier this week, Tin, the mother waiting for the Embassy to call, dropped off her youngest son at a volunteer-run school. A teacher wrote words on the board, and asked students for three descriptive phrases.\nA volunteer teacher erases the board after teaching her Christian Burmese refugees English in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, March 11, 2017.\nBauri Ram, 11, stared at his word, President.\n\u201cDonald Trump,\u201d someone had written. \u201cHelp other people.\u201d\nBauri Ram took up the blue marker: \u201cThey help refugees.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "Christian Burmese refugees sit in a classroom in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, March 11, 2017. An Associated Press analysis suggests that the people hurt most by President Donald Trump's planned deep cuts in refugee visas are from not any of the six Muslim countries listed in his travel ban, but Myanmar.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/99E4410E-C672-4DE7-931A-BC9557C58600.jpg",
        "id": "29058_1",
        "answer": [
            "blood tests, interviews, DNA and fingerprints, background checks"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "refugee"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_16_3768538",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_16_3768538_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the country of the person on the right of the image do?",
        "context": "Qatar Crisis Poses Test for China's Belt & Road Project\nThe diplomatic crisis between Qatar and its Gulf neighbors is putting China\u2019s political clout in the Middle East to the test as Beijing strives to flex its economic muscle there with its trillion-dollar Belt and Road trade Initiative (BRI).\nBut analysts say many of China\u2019s belt and road projects are often more aspirational than reality, including those involving Gulf nations, which gives the world\u2019s second-largest economy less-than-expected leverage to play a bigger role in a region plagued by domestic unrest, intra-regional conflicts and superpower competition.\nOn top of that, they add, China\u2019s own diplomatic policy of \u201cnon-interference\u201d also limits Beijing\u2019s ability to engage with the region.\nSimmering Gulf crisis\nOn Monday, Saudi Arabia and its allies including United Arab Emirates (UAE), Bahrain and Egypt led a regional effort to cut diplomatic ties and possibly air and sea traffic with Qatar, accusing it of funding terrorism \u2013 charges that Doha has denied.\nDespite efforts by the U.S. and Kuwait to prevent a further escalation, the Gulf crisis is showing no signs of abating after the UAE threatened to impose an economic embargo against Doha and Bahrain added \u201call options\u201d were on the table.\nGiven China\u2019s increasing economic interests in the region, there have been calls from some for Beijing to adjust its no-interference policy and take up a more active role.\nOr the spat, observers fear, may disrupt part of President Xi Jinping\u2019s ambitious BRI, which stretches across 65 countries and encompasses Asia, Africa and Europe.\nIn this Tuesday, June 6, 2017 photo released by Saudi Press Agency, SPA, Saudi King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, right, receives Kuwait's Emir Sheikh Jaber al-Ahmad al-Sabah in Jiddah, Saudi Arabia.\nIn no hurry to mediate\nBut Li Quofu, a senior research fellow at China Institute of International Affairs, said China is in no hurry to mediate conflicts in the Middle East.\nHe said China believes Gulf nations remain committed to iron out their differences while Xi\u2019s trade initiatives provide a solution for them to work together.\n\u201cWe\u2019ve proposed the BRI \u2013 a great platform, which we hope Middle Eastern countries would utilize to co-develop their economies instead of fighting each other. In this regard, I think China is already playing an active role there,\u201d Li told VOA.\nAccording to Wu Sike, formerly China\u2019s Special Envoy on the Middle East issue, China\u2019s cooperation with the region has deepened, partly due to the BRI. For example, Kuwait plans to invest $130 billion to build a northern Silk City, which will help connect Europe and Asia as part of the Silk Road.\nChina is also switching its earlier focus on energy in the region, which accounts for half of its imported oil, to investment with trade in manufactured goods having risen substantially, Wu said in May.\nAs such, China will place its vested interests in the region before its political role despite the BRI showcasing its ambition to expand its geopolitical influence globally, said Wang Tofar, an economics professors from National Taipei University.\n\u201cThe BRI actually carries a strategic implication, in which China is poised to challenge the U.S.\u2019s economic [or political] power,\u201d Wang told VOA.\nChinese President Xi Jinping delivers his speech during the welcoming banquet for the Belt and Road Forum at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, May 14, 2017.\nChina First\nBut whether China will rise to mediate in the Middle East, \u201cit depends on whether it is within China\u2019s interests as China will prioritize its economic interests there,\u201d the professor added.\nGiven its dependence on the region for energy, China will be required to play some kind of role, although its involvement there will be highly circumscribed, said Kerry Brown, associate fellow with the Asia Program at London-based Chatham House.\n\u201cIt has direct, tangible interests in the region. But it also is desperate to avoid being sucked into the intractable problems that exist there. So in the end it has to perform a balancing act,\u201d Brown wrote in an emailed reply to VOA, adding that China\u2019s non-interference principle will also cause a constant brake on its desires to be more involved in the region.\nInsufficient economic clout\nChang Liu, China economist at Capital Economics, has doubts China even has the required economic clout to influence in the region.\nIn the case of BRI projects, \u201cit is often the case that rhetoric is more ambitious than reality,\u201d Liu said in an emailed reply to VOA.\nFor example, it remains unclear whether Kuawit\u2019s Silk City project will be completed or where the financing would come from.\nChina\u2019s latest commerce data shows its foreign domestic investments (FDIs) to Kuwait declined from $162 million in 2014 to $144 million in 2015.\nChina\u2019s combined FDIs to Kuwait, Omen and Saudi Arabia totaled $560 million in 2015, which the economist said wasn\u2019t insignificant, but only equivalent to 5 percent of what China invested in Singapore and 0.4 percent of its total outbound investments in 2015.\nThere\u2019s little evidence that China has been investing significantly more in countries that are part of the BRI since it kicked off in 2014 than before, he concluded.\n",
        "caption": "In this Tuesday, June 6, 2017 photo released by Saudi Press Agency, SPA, Saudi King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, right, receives Kuwait's Emir Sheikh Jaber al-Ahmad al-Sabah in Jiddah, Saudi Arabia.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F309C484-307E-44A6-820F-5D8E85C04179.jpg",
        "id": "22415_2",
        "answer": [
            "led a regional effort to cut diplomatic ties and possibly air and sea traffic with Qatar",
            "None",
            "led a regional effort to cut diplomatic ties and possibly air and sea traffic with Qatar, accusing it of funding terrorism"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Saudi",
            "Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_08_3891899",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_08_3891899_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the organization the person in the image is at do?",
        "context": "China Will Still Like the Philippines Despite Reported War Threat\nTAIPEI \u2014\u00a0\nChina will keep working toward a stronger friendship with the Philippines, which it sees as a valuable new ally in Southeast Asia, despite the Philippine president\u2019s comment that Beijing\u2019s top leader once threatened war over a disputed tract of sea, analysts say.\nDuterte told a Philippine coast guard unit on May 19 that Chinese President Xi Jinping this month had threatened \u201cwar\u201d if the Philippines \u201cforced the issue\u201d over sovereignty of the Spratly Islands, an archipelago of tiny features in the South China Sea, according to widespread media reports in the Philippines.\n\u201cThey cannot say anything either way, because it would look bad for them,\u201d said Jay Batongbacal, director of the Institute for Maritime Affairs and Law of the Sea at the University of the Philippines in Metro Manila. \u201cSo I think it\u2019s difficult for them and probably (they) won\u2019t say anything and just avoid it altogether.\u201d\nBeijing claims about 90 percent of the 3.5-million-square-kilometer South China Sea, including the Spratlys. The claim overlaps the exclusive economic zones of the Philippines, Brunei, Malaysia and Vietnam. Xi and Duterte were talking about oil drilling in the Spratlys at a meeting in Beijing when Xi made the comments, Philippine media say.\nChina probably did not want the war comment disclosed and political experts say Beijing may speak more cautiously with Duterte\u2019s government in the future.\nBut analysts say Beijing will avoid any retaliation for the disclosure because it sees Duterte trying to improve relations after a stormy past. The president has thundered against China\u2019s major global rival and former Philippine colonizer, the United States. He has visited China twice, and the two sides sat down this month to start working out their maritime differences.\nLast week Duterte traveled to Russia to sign a series of agreements. Russia is a traditional Chinese ally that like China was not on Manila\u2019s roster of friends a year ago when Duterte took office.\nDuterte, a populist known for being loose with language, also has a reputation for making comments against other countries. He has slammed the United Nations, the United States and the European Union over their criticism of an estimated 6,000 to 7,000 extrajudicial killings in the Philippine anti-drug campaign.\n\u201cI think as long as there\u2019s not any substantive action on the part of the Philippines to follow through with any of its rhetoric, they\u2019re willing to let it slide at least to some extent because Duterte seems to be badmouthing everyone,\u201d said Maxfield Brown, business intelligence associate at the consultancy Dezan Shira & Associates in Manila.\n\u201cIt\u2019s not like China is the sole recipient of this,\" Brown said.\nA mellow Chinese response to the comment about war could in turn allay any fear in other countries about their own relations with Beijing. Each has its own way of handling China based on historical relations, Batongbacal said.\nBeijing has increasingly valued its relations in Southeast Asia since July 2016, when a world arbitration court ruled against the legal basis to much of China\u2019s maritime claim. China had incensed countries in Southeast Asia with a half-decade of building artificial islands and passing coast guard vessels through contested waters.\nChina rejected the ruling, but to minimize its impact the government it wants to talk with the other countries, in some cases offering them aid. Duterte received pledges of $24 billion in aid and investment from China in October.\nBeijing and the 10-member Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) agreed last week after 15 years of resistance \u2013 largely because of China -- to a framework for a code of conduct that would eventually prevent mishaps in the sea that\u2019s prized for fisheries and fossil fuel reserves.\n\u201cIt\u2019s highly unlikely that there there\u2019s going to be an escalation of tension (that would) lead to physical confrontation regarding the territorial and sovereignty issues,\u201d said Andrew Yang, secretary-general with the Chinese Council of Advanced Policy Studies think tank in Taiwan.\n\u201cAll the intention and behavior taking place basically is trying to satisfy those disputes and try to find out what would be acceptable for a code of conduct,\u201d he said.\nThe presidential office softened Duterte\u2019s comment about war days after he made it. His spokesman Ernesto Abella said on the office website the two sides would keep seeking peace.\n\u201cPresident Duterte was forthright about its economic rights awarded by the Arbitral Court in The Hague, a claim the Chinese leader said they would vigorously contest given their historic claims to the area,\u201d Abella said. \u201cGiven this complexity, both parties agreed to pursue a more peaceful resolution to the matter that satisfies both our sovereign and economic rights.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Philippines President Rodrigo Duterte gestures while addressing the media following the conclusion of the 30th ASEAN Leaders' Summit in Manila, Philippines.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/DD3042DF-6DA3-4F79-98E7-CFDA8104BCAD.jpg",
        "id": "21028_1",
        "answer": [
            "agreed last week after 15 years of resistance \u2013 largely because of China -- to a framework for a code of conduct that would eventually prevent mishaps in the sea that\u2019s prized for fisheries and fossil fuel reserves",
            "agreed last week after 15 years of resistance",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "ASEAN"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_29_3875284",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_29_3875284_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What are the people in the image trying to do?",
        "context": "Commander: Iraqi Forces Preparing Western Mosul Offensive\nIraqi forces have started preparing an offensive to capture the western side of Mosul from Islamic State, campaign commander Lieutenant General Abdul Ameer Rasheed Yarallah said.\nPopular Mobilization \"is preparing an operation in the next two, three days, to back up the operation to retake the right bank\" of the city, on the western side of the Tigris river, Mosuliya TV cited him as saying on Tuesday.\nPopular Mobilization is a coalition of predominantly Iranian-trained Shi'ite groups, formed in 2014 to take part in the war on Islamic State. It became officially part of the Iraqi armed forces last year.\nIraqi officials on Monday announced that the eastern side of the northern Iraqi city has been taken from Islamic State, after nearly 100 days of fighting.\n",
        "caption": "A member of Iraqi rapid response forces fires a rocket launcher during a battle with Islamic State militants in the district of Yarimja in southern Mosul, Iraq, Jan. 18, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/757A18BD-CE37-4E28-B2EA-3B3DCA1BD2F4.jpg",
        "id": "10101_1",
        "answer": [
            "capture the western side of Mosul from Islamic State",
            "retake the right bank\" of the city, on the western side of the Tigris river",
            " started preparing an offensive to capture the western side of Mosul"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "forces",
            "Iraqi rapid response forces"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_24_3689218",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_24_3689218_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What details did the people in the image reveal?",
        "context": "Former Russian Lawmaker Killed in Kyiv\nFormer Russian lawmaker Denis Voronenkov was shot dead in Kyiv Thursday in a likely contract killing ordered by Russia, Ukrainian police said.\nVoronenkov fled to Ukraine last year, fearing for his safety and testified in a treason case against Ukraine\u2019s pro-Russia former president, Viktor Yanukovych.\nUkraine's general prosecutor, Yuriy Lutsenko, said Voronenkov\u2019s testimony in the case likely led to his death.\n\"In broad daylight in the center of Kyiv, former Russian lawmaker Denis Voronenkov was shot,\u201d Lutsenko said. \u201cHe had provided investigators of the military prosecutor's office with highly important (witness) testimony for the case. This was a typical show execution of a witness by the Kremlin.\"\nPolice said Voronenkov was standing outside a hotel in central Kyiv when the assailant shot and killed him. Voronenkov\u2019s bodyguard was also wounded, but returned fire and hit the gunman.\nBoth men are now hospitalized, police said.\nIlya Ponomarev, another former Russian lawmaker who fled to Ukraine, said Voronenkov was on his way to meet him when the shooting occurred.\n\u201cI have no words. The security guard was able to injure the attacker. The potential theory is obvious. Voronenko was not a crook, but an investigator who was fatally dangerous to Russian authorities,\u201d he wrote on Facebook.\nMoscow has denied any involvement in the murder.\n\"We believe that any insinuations that can already be heard of a so-called Russian connection are absurd,\" Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov told Russian news agencies.\n",
        "caption": "Forensic experts and police officers examine the scene following the killing of Denis Voronenkov in Kiev, Ukraine, March 23, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/9D467B0E-80C5-4AFB-8F7B-6522F03549A2.jpg",
        "id": "30167_1",
        "answer": [
            "Voronenkov was standing outside a hotel in central Kyiv"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Police"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_23_3778547",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_23_3778547_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person wearing glasses in the image compelled to do?",
        "context": "Taipei Frets Ahead of Trump-Xi Meeting: 'Don't Use Taiwan'\nTAIPEI \u2014\u00a0\nTaiwan's government, worried about being used as a pawn by China and the United States, said on Monday the self-ruled island must protect its own interests as concerns in Taipei rise ahead of an expected meeting of U.S and Chinese leaders.\nChina has never renounced the use of force to take back what it deems a wayward province and has been pressuring Taiwan President Tsai Ing-wen, who leads an independence-leaning ruling party, to concede Taiwan is a part of China.\nThe United States is Taiwan's only major political ally and sole arms supplier.\n\"We call on the United States and China, when they improve relations, to not use Taiwan in their own interest or as a chess piece,\" Catherine Chang, Taiwan's minister in charge of China affairs, the Mainland Affairs Council, told reporters.\nChang urged Beijing to communicate with Taipei \"in order to maintain stability and peace in the Asia Pacific region.\"\nThe comments come after U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson told Chinese President Xi Jinping on Sunday in Beijing that U.S. President Donald Trump anticipates a meeting \"soon.\"\nAt issue for Taipei is whether a Trump-Xi meeting will harm Taipei's interests as Washington begins considering a big, new arms package for Taiwan, a move sure to anger China.\n\"We should seek the greatest advantage in the interaction between the United States and China, to reduce the possibility of Communist China guiding and manipulating the U.S.-China-Taiwan relationship,\" said Peng Sheng-chu, chief of Taiwan's National Security Bureau.\nPeng, who was answering questions at a parliamentary session, didn't elaborate on what steps Taiwan should take, but said that based on the bureau's current intelligence, it was not likely that a new communique that could hurt Taiwan's interests would result from a Trump-Xi meeting.\n\"But we do not rule out the possibility,\" Peng said.\nIn December, Taiwan had celebrated a diplomatic coup when Trump, as president-elect, took a congratulatory phone call from Tsai and raised questions about whether he would stick with the four-decade-old \"one China\" policy.\nTrump changed tack last month and agreed to honour the \"one China\" policy during a phone call with Xi.\nTillerson left China with warm words from Xi on the weekend, ending his first trip to Asia since taking office with an agreement to work together with China on North Korea and putting aside trickier issues.\nXi praised increasing communications in recent weeks between Beijing and Washington, and said he is \"confident\" of seeing bilateral relations moving in the \"right direction.\"\nTaiwan was discussed during the meeting, but details were not provided.\n",
        "caption": "From left, Taiwan President Tsai Ing-wen, U.S. President Donald Trump and Chinese President Xi Jinping.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/EB40565E-B250-4327-8B0F-A4616C4D4EB8.jpg",
        "id": "16519_1",
        "answer": [
            "concede Taiwan is a part of China",
            "None",
            "protect its own interests"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Taiwan President Tsai Ing-wen"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_20_3773335",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_20_3773335_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What are the options from the event the people in the image are supporting?",
        "context": "Iranians Divided Ahead of Friday Election, Economy Main Concern\nDUBAI \u2014\u00a0\nKaveh Rastegari's desire for more freedoms and Ghorban Norouzi's worries about money illustrate the fault lines in Iranian society expected to sway a tightly fought presidential election on Friday.\nAfter an unexpectedly close race between President Hassan Rouhani, the pragmatic incumbent, and hardline challenger Ebrahim Raisi, ordinary Iranians on the eve of the vote appeared united only in their weariness with a cheerless status quo.\nMany voters preoccupied by bread-and-butter issues said they would probably vote for Shi'ite cleric Raisi, who has promised handouts for the poor though without saying how this would be funded.\nFor younger, particularly urban Iranians, many of whom want more democracy and social freedoms almost 40 years after the Islamic Revolution, Rouhani is the sole choice, even if it is one they're likely to make without real enthusiasm.\n\"I was 18 years old when I voted for Rouhani four years ago. I was young and inexperienced then. He promised freedom and I voted for him,\" Rastegari said in the southern coastal city of Bandar Abbas. \"Now, we (still) don't have freedom and don't have jobs. But I will still vote for him. We have no other choice.\"\nNorouzi's priorities could not be more different. \"My kids cannot eat freedom,\" the municipality employee said in the northern city of Rasht. \"I need to pay the rent. I have to put bread on my family's table. I will vote for Raisi.\u201d\nStubborn economic doldrums\nTaxi driver Ali Mousavi, too, is one of millions of Iranians fretting about the economy's continued torpor despite the lifting of sanctions under Rouhani's deal with world powers to curb Iran's disputed nuclear program. Inflation has dropped to single digits but unemployment is still rising.\n\"I am not interested in politics. I will vote for the candidate who has promised to triple cash handouts,\" the father of three in Tehran said, referring to Raisi.\nThe withdrawal of other conservative candidates turned Friday's election into an unexpectedly tight, two-horse race between Rouhani, 68, and Raisi, a 56-year-old protege of Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, Iran's ultimate authority.\nRouhani, a longtime establishment insider and former nuclear negotiator, won the presidency in 2013, bolstered by the support of many Iranians yearning for less repression.\nBut rights groups say there has been little, if any, move to bring about greater political and cultural freedoms since Rouhani was elected. Hardliners dominating the judiciary and security services have stood in the way, his defenders say.\nFor the election, Rouhani has pinned his hopes on people who are undecided or do not usually vote. His campaign was boosted by endorsements from influential political and cultural figures to mobilize young people and women to go to the polls.\n\"Rouhani has skillfully...permitted Iranian youth to repeat what happened in 2013 on a larger scale \u2013 namely projecting their wishes onto a candidate who is not a reformist but (still) embraces reformist rhetoric,\" said Behnam Ben Taleblu, senior Iran analyst at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies (FDD) in Washington.\nMore than 30 percent of Iran's 80 million population are under age 30 and women comprise more than half the population.\nBut apathetic Iranians, many disillusioned by Rouhani's inability to usher in social change, make up a third category of voter.\nAn example is Kourosh Sedgi, a 25-year-old student in the central city of Isfahan. \"I will not vote. Not anymore,\" he said. \"We always have to choose between bad and worse in Iran's elections. Rouhani has failed to bring changes.\"\nA Tehran psychologist, Maryam Mirzaie, said that even without much evidence of social change and progress on women's rights, she would respect calls by the opposition leaders and reformist former president Mohammad Khatami to vote for Rouhani.\n\"I am disappointed with Rouhani. Although not much has been done to improve women's rights in the past four years, I will vote for him as I respect Khatami, \" said 35-year-old Mirzayi.\nUnder the Islamic Republic's law, men can divorce their spouses far more easily than women, while custody of children over the age of seven automatically goes to the father.\nHigh turnout?\nAnalyst Saeed Leylaz said Rouhani's main obstacle to re-election would be poor turnout on account of jaded voters.\n\"But he is way ahead of Raisi. Fearing pressure by hardliners if they win office, voters have mobilized to vote tomorrow,\" said Leylaz. \"I predict a record participation rate.\"\nRouhani remains faithful to Iran's theocratic system, in which the president's constitutional powers are limited, with overriding authority in the hands of the unelected Khamenei.\nBut the emergence of Raisi, backed by the elite, hardline Revolutionary Guards, has raised concern for the future of the nuclear deal and its potential to deliver economic recovery.\nA hardline win, analysts say, will entail support from voters beyond the clerical elite's traditional constituency among religiously devout, mainly less well-off Iranians.\n\"The Guards want a comeback, that is why they will do everything to help Raisi win, including (exerting) their influence in rural areas, \" said a senior Iranian official, who asked not to be named.\nSidelined by the nuclear deal, the Guards hope that a Raisi victory would let them claw back economic and political clout lost in the complex theocratic and republican power structure.\nWhile the lifting of global sanctions in 2016 reconnected Iran with the international financial system crucial to trade, lingering unilateral U.S. sanctions tied to human rights and terrorism issues have spooked many potential foreign investors.\nStill, many Iranians see little choice but to stick with Rouhani's plan for progress, hoping it will eventually pay off.\n\"I will vote for Rouhani because I want Iran to continue its interaction with the international community,\" said Reza Amin Sharafi, 47, a businessman in the northwestern city of Tabriz.\nRaisi says Iran does not need foreign investment to prosper and touts a \"resistance economy\". Some critics say this is designed to protect politically connected domestic businesses.\nCritics also question his record in the judiciary when he was one of four sharia (Islamic law) judges who ordered the execution of thousands of jailed dissidents in the late 1980s.\n\"I will vote because I don't want Raisi to be elected. I don't want more social pressure and more isolation,\" Samira Vaseghi, a 23-year-old university student, said in Tabriz.\n",
        "caption": "A supporter of the Iranian presidential candidate Ebrahim Raisi, right, holds his poster and the country's flag as his fiancee holds a poster of President Hassan Rouhani during a street campaign ahead the May 19 presidential election in downtown Tehran, I",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/BF523501-8FA5-4139-A5C2-15A2DF5E8A4D.jpg",
        "id": "6020_1",
        "answer": [
            "More democracy and social freedoms ",
            "Rouhani, 68, and Raisi, a 56-year-old protege"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "A street campaign ",
            "election"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_18_3860291",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_18_3860291_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the allegation against the woman in the blue jacket",
        "context": "Jury Deadlocked in Bill Cosby Sex Assault Trial \nJurors in the sexual assault trial of celebrity comedian Bill Cosby have told a judge they are deadlocked on charges he drugged and then molested a woman in 2004.\nThe jury had been deliberating Cosby\u2019s sexual assault charges since Monday, and seemed exasperated at times as it repeatedly asked the judge for clarifications of evidence or to hear testimony from the trial again.\nBill Cosby, second from right, arrives at the Montgomery County Courthouse for his sexual assault trial, June 7, 2017.\nJudge Steven O'Neill told the jurors other judges may not have granted their six requests to revisit evidence from the trial, but since he granted their first request he felt obligated to fulfill the rest of the requests because he didn\u2019t want them to think some pieces of evidence were more important than others.\n\u201cFrom now on when you ask for testimony, I am compelled to give it to you,\u201d he said Wednesday night.\nO'Neill told the jurors to continue discussing the charges in the jury room after the panel told him they could not agree on Cosby's guilt.\nAndrea Constand walks to the courtroom during Bill Cosby's sexual assault trial at the Montgomery County Courthouse in Norristown, Pa., June 6, 2017.\nThe 79-year-old Cosby is charged with drugging and assaulting Andrea Constand, a former director of operations of the Temple University women's basketball team.\nHe allegedly gave her pills that paralyzed her and left her unable to resist when he started touching her in his Philadelphia home.\nConstand had gone to Cosby's house for dinner and to get advice about her career.\nCosby's lawyers used their closing arguments to say Constand lied on the witness stand about her relationship with the comic. They pointed out that she telephoned Cosby more than 50 times after the alleged attack, but told police she had no contact with him.\n\"It's not a fib. It's not a mistake, It's a stone cold lie,\" Brian McMonagle told the jury.\nConstand said the calls were just business and that Cosby, as a Temple alumnus, could help the basketball team.\n\"This isn't talking to a trustee. This is talking to a lover,\" McMonagle said, accusing Constand of trying to use Cosby's name for financial gain.\nThe prosecution relied heavily on parts of the deposition Cosby gave to police in a 2005 civil suit brought by Constand.\nIn it, Cosby admitted getting a prescription to a sedative called Quaaludes back in the 1970s and giving the drug to women he wanted to sleep with.\nDistrict Attorney Kevin Steele told the jury these words prove Cosby knew exactly what he was doing when he allegedly gave pills to Constand, telling her they were herbal relaxants.\n\"Drugging somebody and putting them in a position where you can do what you want with them is not romantic. It's criminal,\" he said.\nSteele said no amount of \"fancy lawyering\" will save Cosby from his own words.\n\"Ladies and gentlemen, he has told you what he has done,\" Steele said to the jurors. \"It is about as straightforward as you are ever going to see in a sex crimes case.\"\nIf found guilty, Cosby could go to prison for the rest of his life.\nMore than 50 women claim Cosby sexually assaulted them in incidents dating back to the 1960s, when he emerged as a major comedy star. Most of the alleged incidents occurred too long ago to be prosecuted now.\nConstand's complaint is the only one that has come to trial. Cosby has denied all the charges.\n",
        "caption": "Andrea Constand walks to the courtroom during Bill Cosby's sexual assault trial at the Montgomery County Courthouse in Norristown, Pa., June 6, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/6D3A0FA6-85D4-4BE5-BBE9-B683F511C086.jpg",
        "id": "11619_3",
        "answer": [
            "Constand lied on the witness stand about her relationship with the comic"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Constand "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_15_3901794",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_15_3901794_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who does the person with the tie in the image lag?",
        "context": "Embracing Trump's Style: A Local US Politician's Quest for Higher Office\nHe gives his political rivals derogatory nicknames like \u201cEstablishment Ed.\u201d He uses the slogan, \u201cMake Virginia Great Again.\u201d He speaks at length about what he sees as the dangers posed by undocumented immigrants. And he despises political correctness so much that he railed against it in a Facebook Live video in which he sips coffee from a Confederate flag mug while sitting in his carefully restored 18th century tobacco plantation that once housed slaves.\nMeet Corey Stewart, the firebrand Virginia politician who is not so subtly imitating U.S. President Donald Trump, both in substance and style, as he wages a long-shot bid to capture the Republican Party nomination for governor in the southeastern state of Virginia.\n\u201cI\u2019m not trying to copy [Trump] wholesale, don\u2019t get me wrong,\u201d insists the 48-year-old Stewart, who served as Trump\u2019s Virginia campaign chairman for part of the 2016 election. \u201cBut I did learn some things from him, like the importance of being edgy and controversial.\u201d\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p lang=\\\"en\\\" dir=\\\"ltr\\\"\\u0026gt;Love the establishment? \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/EstablishmentEd?src=hash\\\"\\u0026gt;#EstablishmentEd\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt; is your man. Want to Make Virginia Great Again? Look elsewhere. \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/TeamCorey?src=hash\\\"\\u0026gt;#TeamCorey\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt; \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://t.co/M89zfU5zdb\\\"\\u0026gt;pic.twitter.com/M89zfU5zdb\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Corey Stewart (@CoreyStewartVA) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/CoreyStewartVA/status/825757912425312256\\\"\\u0026gt;January 29, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nThere\u2019s no question Stewart possesses Trump\u2019s chutzpah. But that may only get him so far. According to the latest polls, Stewart is running well behind his more mainstream and better funded rival, Ed Gillespie, a seasoned veteran of Virginia politics.\nRight wing vs. moderate\nThe race is a microcosm of the wider battle between right-wing insurgent forces inspired by Trump and the more moderate, establishment wing of the Republican Party. It could also serve as a model for other Republicans considering mirroring Trump in their own campaigns.\nThe strategy is risky, partly because it\u2019s untested. No one knows for sure if mimicking Trump can help win elections at a local or state level because until now no one has tried.\nWatch: Mimicking Trump, Governor Candidate Tries to Make 'Virginia Great Again'\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nMimicking Trump, Governor Candidate Tries to Make 'Virginia Great Again'\nShare this video\n0:02:21\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:21\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 6.7MB\n360p | 10.6MB\n720p | 59.3MB\n1080p | 42.1MB\nStewart is at a disadvantage for multiple reasons. Unlike Trump, he doesn\u2019t have a preexisting celebrity brand. He doesn\u2019t have billions of dollars at his disposal. And he doesn\u2019t have a nationwide media circus or multi-staged primary election process to ramp up excitement about his candidacy.\nBut perhaps Stewart\u2019s most immediate obstacle is his primary opponent. Gillespie is not only a mainstay of Virginia politics, he\u2019s also well-connected in the national party, having served as chairman of the Republican National Committee and an adviser to former President George W. Bush.\nIt\u2019s those connections that led Stewart to label Gillespie \u201cEstablishment Ed,\u201d in the style of Trump, who during the 2016 election gave nicknames to his political opponents, such as \u201cCrooked Hillary\u201d Clinton, \u201cLittle Marco\u201d Rubio, or \u201cLyin\u2019 Ted\u201d Cruz.\n\u201cEstablishment Ed \u2026 has never had a strong stand on any controversial issue,\u201d Stewart said at a recent rally in Richmond. \u201cIf people want the same thing, he\u2019s your nominee.\u201d\nSupport, cash lacking\nBut as the June primary approaches, Gillespie appears to be pulling away from Stewart. A poll this week showed Gillespie has the support of 38 percent of Republican-leaning voters, while Stewart captured 11 percent. Stewart also lags behind in fundraising. At the latest reporting deadline in January, Gillespie had nearly five times more cash on hand than Stewart, according to campaign finance reports.\nBut what the underdog Stewart lacks in resources, he makes up in bravado. He once gave away an AR-15 semiautomatic rifle in a Christmas raffle he said was meant to raise awareness for gun rights (the contest also helped him raise at least $10,000 for his campaign). He organizes protests against the removal of Confederate symbols that many see as offensive reminders of a racist past, but that he views as an important part of Virginia\u2019s \u201ccultural heritage.\u201d\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p lang=\\\"en\\\" dir=\\\"ltr\\\"\\u0026gt;We are giving away an AR-15 to show our support for the 2nd Amendment. Enter here for a chance to win! =\\u0026amp;gt;\\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://t.co/D93BRFwQq4\\\"\\u0026gt;https://t.co/D93BRFwQq4\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/2A?src=hash\\\"\\u0026gt;#2A\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt; \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://t.co/V0p0hIeY58\\\"\\u0026gt;pic.twitter.com/V0p0hIeY58\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Corey Stewart (@CoreyStewartVA) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/CoreyStewartVA/status/808357828171878400\\\"\\u0026gt;December 12, 2016\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nLike Trump, Stewart regularly portrays undocumented immigrants as rapists and gang members, and flirts with the alt-right, a conservative movement that includes a mix of white nationalism and economic populism. (Last week Stewart drew the condemnation of state party officials when he referred to Gillespie as a \u201ccuckservative,\u201d an alt-right epithet used to describe weak-willed politicians perceived to have abandoned conservative principles.)\nAt times, Stewart\u2019s behavior has been too much for even Trump. In October, Stewart was fired from Trump\u2019s campaign after he helped organize a protest outside RNC headquarters, where he complained that mainstream party officials were trying to \u201csabotage\u201d Trump\u2019s presidential chances.\nStewart defends his approach, saying he has no choice but to create controversies to help gain headlines. \n\u201cWhen you\u2019re out-financed, because Gillespie\u2019s got more money than anybody by far, you have to depend upon more earned media attention,\u201d he says.\nGillespie confident\nPerhaps predictably, Gillespie has responded by playing the part of the confident front-runner, unwilling to engage with Stewart\u2019s attacks and instead focusing on his own detailed policy proposals.\nBut Gillespie\u2019s strategy also carries risk. In his apparent attempt to keep a low profile, he is often inaccessible. Instead of holding large public events, Gillespie seems to prefer smaller meetings, often with donors, and unlike Stewart, does not usually promote his campaign gatherings online.\nVOA tried for two months to arrange an interview with Gillespie. When we finally caught up with him at a recent straw poll, he demurred when asked what he thinks of being labeled \u201cEstablishment Ed.\u201d\n\u201cPeople know me. They know my policies. They know I\u2019ll be an effective governor for us and that I know how to get things done,\u201d Gillespie said before rushing out the door, complaining that the questions were going to make him late for his next meeting.\nVirginia gubernatorial candidate Corey Stewart is using President Donald Trump as a model for his race to win the Republican Party nomination for governor of Virginia. He often hangs around long after events, like the \u201cEnd Sanctuary Cities Rally\u201d in Richmond Virginia in March, to talk to potential voters.\nIt\u2019s a strong contrast to the more approachable Stewart, who often hangs around long after campaign events to chat with journalists and potential voters. Many, especially those in the more conservative, rural parts of the state, are impressed.\n\u201cCorey is a lot like Trump,\u201d says Brandon Howard from Hopewell, Virginia, who carried an AR-15 and wears a \u201cMake American Great Again\u201d Trump baseball hat at a Stewart rally in Richmond. \u201cCorey is not your everyday candidate, just like Trump wasn\u2019t.\u201d\nBut not everyone\u2019s on board, including many in the more liberal northern part of the state, near Washington.\nStewart\u2019s behavior \u201creeks of desperation,\u201d in the view of Trevor Francis, a Gillespie supporter from Arlington. \u201cI think Corey Stewart understands that his back is up against the wall.\u201d\nJohn Schaefer, another Northern Virginia resident, is also turned off by Stewart\u2019s negative campaigning. \n\u201cIt\u2019s the old Reagan principle,\u201d he says. \u201cYou don\u2019t attack other Republicans.\u201d\nWithout at least gaining some votes in Northern Virginia, where nearly one-third of the state\u2019s residents live, it\u2019s almost impossible to win a statewide contest.\nThe problem for Stewart is that Trump is incredibly unpopular there. In Northern Virginia\u2019s four most populous counties, Trump received less than half the votes of Clinton, which helps explain why he lost the entire state by more than 5 percentage points.\nTrump model?\nBut could Republicans succeed in using Trump as a model elsewhere, perhaps in states where the president is more popular? Don\u2019t count on it, says Daniel Palazzolo, a political science professor at the University of Richmond.\nThat\u2019s in part because although Trump won an upset victory in the national Electoral College vote, he lost the popular vote by nearly 3 million ballots, and his approval ratings are now at historic lows for a new president. \n\u201cThere\u2019s just not a big force of public momentum behind Trump at this point,\u201d Palazzolo says.\nDoes that mean the more traditional, moderate conservatism embraced by Gillespie will win out over Trump\u2019s and Stewart\u2019s in-your-face, politically incorrect brand of politics? It\u2019s not clear, and after this November\u2019s election results, many political scientists are reluctant to even hazard a guess.\nBut, as Palazzolo points out, a campaign strategy based on offending people will always be risky. And that\u2019s before you even consider the most basic problem: It\u2019s really hard to copy a politician who is unlike any other on earth.\n\u201cHere\u2019s the problem,\u201d he says. \u201cThere really is only one Donald Trump.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "Virginia gubernatorial candidate Corey Stewart (rear, center) is seen at an \u201cEnd Sanctuary Cities Rally\u201d in Richmond, Virginia, March 2017. Stewart is using President Donald Trump as a model for his race to win the Republican Party nomination for governor of Virginia.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/AA271900-B8C9-4BE3-93AD-3C54D730F71F.png",
        "id": "9703_1",
        "answer": [
            "Ed Gillespie"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Corey Stewart",
            "Stewart"
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        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_01_3791986_1"
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    {
        "question": "What did the person with the hat in the image want to see?",
        "context": "Malaysia to Deport North Korean Held in Airport Killing\nMalaysian authorities are preparing to deport a North Korean man who has been held as a suspect in connection with last month\u2019s death of Kim Jong Nam, the half brother of North Korean leader Kim Jong Un.\nRi Jon Chol, 45, has been in custody for nearly two weeks following the February 13 attack on Kim at an airport in Kuala Lumpur.\nMalaysian Attorney General Mohamed Apandi Ali said Thursday that the period under which Kim can be held without charges is set to run out, and that there is not enough evidence to file any charges against him, so he will be deported Friday.\nThe two main suspects in the case, Siti Aisyah, a 25-year-old Indonesian, and 28-year-old Doan Thi Huong from Vietnam, were charged with murder Wednesday.\nThe women were not asked to enter pleas in the case, but have said they are innocent, and believed they were taking part in a prank for a television show.They each face the death penalty if convicted, and are due back in court in April.\nThey are accused of being the two women shown on security camera footage smearing something on Kim Jong Nam\u2019s face in the departures area of the airport. He died 20 minutes later from what authorities say was the effects of the powerful VX nerve agent. \nNorth Korea has not confirmed that the dead man is Kim Jong Nam, and is demanding that Malaysia release the body.\nOn Thursday, former North Korean Ambassador to the United Nations Ri Tong Il said the man identified by his passport as Kim Chol had a history of heart problems, and that there is a \"strong indication\" a heart attack was the cause of death. He said if VX was really used, then samples should be sent to the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons for testing and determining its source.\nHe also suggested rival South Korea could be behind the killing as a way to divert attention from its own problems.\nThe case has attracted huge international interest and hundreds of reporters were at the courthouse, but only a selected few were permitted inside the courtroom. Lawyer Selvam Shanmugam, who is representing Doan, told a reporter for VOA\u2019s Vietnamese service that her client was calm during the proceedings and is maintaining her innocence.\nA TV screen shows pictures of North Korean leader Kim Jong Un and his older brother Kim Jong Nam, left, at the Seoul Railway Station in Seoul, South Korea, Feb. 14, 2017\nShanmugam said by telephone that a delegation of \u201cmany more\u201d lawyers from the Vietnamese bar will arrive in Kuala Lumpur Thursday to work on Doan\u2019s defense.\nThe court Wednesday also issued a gag order meant to prevent police and potential witnesses from making public statements about the case.\nNorth Korea has not confirmed that the dead man is Kim Jong Nam, and is demanding that Malaysia release the body.\nKim Jong Nam was the older estranged brother of Kim Jong Un. Kim Jong Nam was once considered the heir apparent to lead North Korea, but he fell out of favor with their father, the late dictator Kim Jong Il, after a failed 2001 attempt to enter Japan on a forged passport to visit Disneyland.\nSince then, Kim Jong Nam had lived in virtual exile, primarily in the Chinese territory of Macau.\nTrung Nguyen contributed to this article.\n",
        "caption": "A TV screen shows pictures of North Korean leader Kim Jong Un and his older brother Kim Jong Nam, left, at the Seoul Railway Station in Seoul, South Korea, Feb. 14, 2017",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D4553FCE-8919-4836-84A7-6EBB6F482AC9.jpg",
        "id": "10814_2",
        "answer": [
            "Disneyland",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Kim Jong Nam"
        ],
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    {
        "question": "What are the people in the image discussing?",
        "context": "Trump's Intel Chief Mum on Pressure to Rebut Russia Evidence\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nDonald Trump\u2019s intelligence chief declined to comment Tuesday on media reports that the president pressured him to publicly deny that evidence existed of collusion between the Trump campaign and Russia to influence the 2016 U.S. presidential race.\n\u201cGiven the nature of my position and the information that we share [with the president], it\u2019s not appropriate for me to comment publicly on any of that,\u201d National Intelligence Director Dan Coats told a Senate panel. \u201cI don\u2019t feel it\u2019s appropriate to characterize discussions and conversations with the president.\u201d\nCoats later said that he does not dispute the validity of ongoing Russia investigations, saying the probes \"are in place to get us to the right conclusion with a known result,\" so the country can move on to other issues.\nIn recent days, news outlets have reported that Trump made separate appeals to Coats and to National Security Agency Director Michael Rogers, urging them to rebut allegations that Russia colluded with Trump campaign aides to help the real estate magnate win the White House.\nThe president reportedly made the requests shortly after then-FBI Director James Comey told lawmakers the agency was investigating possible coordination between Russian interests and Trump aides during the election.\nBrennan: \u2018It raised questions in my mind\u2019\nWhile Coats testified before the Senate, the man who led the CIA during last year\u2019s presidential campaign, John Brennan, told a House panel he saw information indicating contacts between Russian officials and members of the campaign.\nWATCH: Brennan testimony on Trump intelligence sharing \nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nBrennan: Trump Intel Sharing 'Violates Protocols,' if Press Reports True\nShare this video\n0:01:19\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:19\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 3.9MB\n360p | 5.2MB\n480p | 26.6MB\n\u201cI encountered and am aware of information and intelligence that revealed contacts and interactions between Russian officials and U.S. persons involved in the Trump campaign,\u201d Brennan said. \u201cAnd it raised questions in my mind, again, whether or not the Russians were able to gain the cooperation of those individuals.\u201d\nBrennan stressed he could not say whether the Trump campaign colluded with Russian interests, only that there was contact between the two.\n\u201cI don\u2019t know whether or not such collusion\u2026existed,\u201d the former CIA director said, adding that he warned Russia\u2019s intelligence chief that election meddling would backfire \u2013 to no avail.\n\"It should be clear to everyone that Russia brazenly interfered in our 2016 presidential election process and that they undertook these activities despite our strong protests, and explicit warning that they not do so,\u201d he said.\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nRussia, Trump Team in Contact, Former CIA Director Tells Congress\nShare this video\n0:02:32\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:32\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 7.2MB\n360p | 9.1MB\n720p | 65.3MB\n1080p | 43.2MB\nLast week, against White House wishes, Deputy Attorney General Rod Rosenstein named another former FBI director, Robert Mueller, as special counsel to lead the criminal investigation of possible Russian collusion with the Trump campaign. Trump blasted the appointment of a special counsel as a \u201cwitch hunt.\u201d\nSeveral congressional panels are also investigating Russian meddling in the election, including hacking into the computer of Democrat Hillary Clinton's campaign chief, John Podesta, and the subsequent release of thousands of his emails by the anti-secrecy group WikiLeaks that showed embarrassing behind-the-scenes efforts by Democratic operatives to help Clinton win the party's presidential nomination.\nThe White House offered no comment on the reported calls Trump made to Coats and Rogers.\n\"The White House does not confirm or deny unsubstantiated claims based on illegal leaks from anonymous individuals,\" a spokesperson said. \"The President will continue to focus on his agenda that he was elected to pursue by the American people.\"\nVOA's Ken Bredemeier contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Director of National Intelligence Dan Coats prepares to testify before the Senate Intelligence Committee, on Capitol Hill in Washington, May 11, 2017. He is said to have been asked by President Donald Trump to disavow possible Russian collusion with his election campaign but refused to confirm such reports.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F75F49E7-5DE4-44E7-B84C-0656C1A0E16D.jpg",
        "id": "1708_1",
        "answer": [
            "collusion between the Trump campaign and Russia"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "collusion"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_23_3867253",
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    {
        "question": "How did the person with the weapon in the image arrive?",
        "context": "Multiple People Shot, Killed at Fort Lauderdale Airport in Florida \nFlorida Governor Rick Scott has called for prayer for the victims of a shooting at the Fort Lauderdale airport Friday that left five people dead and eight others injured.\nScott spoke to reporters Friday evening, several hours after the shooting took place. He said his \"heart goes out to every family impacted\" by the shooting. He also said he had called U.S. President-elect Donald Trump and Vice President-elect Mike Pence about the shooting and had been assured that they would \"do everything in their power\" to provide whatever assistance was needed.\nScott said he had not reached out to current U.S. President Barack Obama about the shooting. He said he contacted Trump and Pence because he had a personal relationship with them.\nScott also said his staff had been in touch with airports around the state since the shooting to find out what resources they needed.\n\"My imperative is to keep everybody safe,\" he said. \"Everybody's working hard to find out exactly what happened, and I don't want this to ever happen again.\"\nAn hour after the shooting, claims that shots had been heard in other areas of the airport were reported, but officials said later at a news conference that those reports were unfounded.\nLaw enforcement personnel shield civilians outside a garage area at Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport in Fort Lauderdale, Fla., Jan. 6, 2017. A gunman opened fire in the baggage claim area at the airport Friday, killing several people.\nThe eight people injured at Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport were transferred to a local hospital, the Broward County sheriff's office said on its official Twitter account. It also indicated that the attack had been carried out by a lone suspect who was in custody.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;Update: 5 ppl dead; 8 injured were taken to an area hospital.\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Broward Sheriff (@browardsheriff) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/browardsheriff/status/817452207310307328\\\"\\u0026gt;January 6, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nFlorida Senator Bill Nelson told reporters a military ID with the name Esteban Santiago was found on the suspect, though it was not confirmed that the card belonged to him.\nThe attacker had been a passenger on an incoming flight and had packed the firearm in his checked luggage, officials told reporters at the airport in the hours after the attack. He was first reported to be a passenger on a Canadian flight, but a spokeswoman for the Canadian Embassy said later that there was no Canadian connection. She cited U.S. officials who said the suspect had flown in from Anchorage, Alaska, via Minneapolis, Minnesota.\nWitnesses told ABC News that the assailant repeatedly yelled, \"I'm not Jewish.\" Other reports indicated he was wearing a Star Wars T-shirt and lay spread-eagle on the floor after he shot 13 people, awaiting arrest.\nTravelers are evacuated out of the terminal and onto the tarmac after airport shooting at Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport in Florida, Jan. 6, 2017.\nThe sheriff's office said the suspect was taken into custody unharmed. They did not disclose a motive, saying they were \"uncertain\" as to whether the attack was an act of terror.\nNews helicopters hovering over the area showed hundreds of people waiting on the tarmac as ambulances took victims to the hospital and law enforcement personnel raced to the scene.\nPassengers are shown on the tarmac outside Fort Lauderdale\u2013Hollywood International Airport, Friday, Jan. 6, 2017, in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, after a shooter opened fire inside a terminal of the airport, killing several people and wounding others before\nFormer White House spokesman Ari Fleischer tweeted that he was at the airport when shots were fired, but that the scene had since calmed.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;I%27m at the Ft. Lauderdale Airport. Shots have been fired. Everyone is running.\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Ari Fleischer (@AriFleischer) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/AriFleischer/status/817429795113996288\\\"\\u0026gt;January 6, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;All seems calm now but the police aren%27t letting anyone out of the airport - at least not the area where I am.\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Ari Fleischer (@AriFleischer) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/AriFleischer/status/817433484386045952\\\"\\u0026gt;January 6, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nAll services at the airport were suspended, the airport announced on its official Twitter account.\n",
        "caption": "Law enforcement personnel shield civilians outside a garage area at Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport in Fort Lauderdale, Fla., Jan. 6, 2017. A gunman opened fire in the baggage claim area at the airport Friday, killing several people.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/A5107D86-050D-43DC-B304-6C615288E654.jpg",
        "id": "24706_1",
        "answer": [
            "raced to the scene"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "law enforcement personnel"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_06_3666070",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_06_3666070_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What happened to the people who operated the vehicle in the image?",
        "context": "South Korean Sewol Ferry Raised After Three years\nSEOUL, SOUTH KOREA \u2014\u00a0\nAn extensive South Korean salvage operation Thursday successfully raised the Sewol ferry, which capsized nearly three years ago, killing more than 300 passengers, many of them high school students.\n\u201cAt 4:47am we lifted (the Sewol) 22 meters and entire body of the ferry started to show for the first time above the surface,\u201d said Lee Cheol-jo, an official in charge of salvage operation with the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries.\nFILE - Maritime police search for missing passengers in front of the South Korean ferry Sewol, which sank at the sea off Jindo April 16, 2014.\nNational tragedy\nThe sinking of the Sewol, with 476 passengers on board, during a routine journey from Incheon to the holiday resort of Jeju Island, April 16, 2014, triggered national outrage over the deadly accident that was later determined to be caused in part by greed, incompetence and negligence.\nThe ferry on that day was dangerously overloaded, hauling 3,608 tons of cargo despite a maximum cargo limit of 987 tons. It\u2019s excessive weight made the vessel less stable, and it capsized while attempting to execute a turn at a high speed.\nMany of the 250 teenagers, who died while on a school trip, were instructed by crewmembers to remain in their cabin, even as the crew abandoned ship. The ship\u2019s captain Lee Joon-seok, who also abandoned ship, was later convicted of gross negligence and sentenced to life in prison, while 14 other crew members were sentenced to up to 12 years in prison for abandonment and violating maritime law.\nThe South Korean coast guard\u2019s slow and indecisive rescue efforts also came under criticism. Officers later claimed they lacked the proper training and equipment to mount such a large-scale rescue effort at sea.\nFILE - People watch a live television program showing South Korean President Park Geun-hye's speech to the nation regarding the sunken ferry Sewol at the Seoul Train Station in Seoul, South Korea, May 19, 2014.\nAnd public confidence in the government of then-President Park Geun-hye plummeted, and never recovered, over her perceived ineffective management of the crisis, and her own mysterious disappearance when she made no public statement or appearance for seven hours while the ferry was sinking.\nThe South Korean National Assembly cited Park\u2019s negligence in handling the Sewol disaster, along with her alleged connection to a multimillion-dollar bribery scandal, when it voted to impeach the president in December. The Constitutional Court recently upheld the impeachment motion and a new presidential election is scheduled for May 9.\nBarges are seen during a salvage operation of sunken ferry Sewol at the sea off Jindo, South Korea, March 22, 2017.\nRecovery efforts\nFamilies of the Sewol victims have been calling for the ship to be raised and for a more thorough investigation into the disaster.\nThe Sewol sunk in the Yellow Sea near the southeastern Island of Jindo. The salvage efforts to recover the 6,800 ton ferry had been delayed in part because of rough conditions at sea and complicated by requirements set to bring up the vessel intact, so as to aid the investigation into the cause of the accident, and to preserve any bodies that may still be on board. Nine victims are still unaccounted for.\nA Chinese salvage company fitted 33 beams beneath the hull and used 66 hydraulic jacks to raise the hull of the ship, which was lying on its left side at a depth of 40 meters below the sea.\nThe recovered vessel will soon be moved to the nearby port of Mokpo on the mainland.\n\u201cWe are calculating that it will take about 12 to 13 days to move the ferry to dry dock of Mokpo port,\u201d said Lee with the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries.\nFamilies of the victims\nFILE - High school students hold candles to pay their respects to the victims of the sunken ferry Sewol during a ceremony on the eve of the second anniversary of the ferry sinking in Ansan, South Korea, April 15, 2016.\n, the head of a group representing the families of the Sewol victims, released a statement Thursday urging the government to \u201cwork on recovery of the missing victims first.\u201d\nThe group also wants more government transparency and participation by opposition parties and victim\u2019s families in the investigation process.\nLee Kum-hee, whose daughter is one of the nine victims unaccounted for, was on hand to witness the recovery. Moved to tears by the sight of the ferry being raised, she said, \u201cit\u2019s heart breaking, how cold she\u2019s been there.\u201d\nYoumi Kim contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Maritime police search for missing passengers in front of the South Korean ferry Sewol, which sank at the sea off Jindo April 16, 2014.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/935C14D1-1965-478E-9978-E0CFDA8BA410.jpg",
        "id": "5864_2",
        "answer": [
            "abandoned ship",
            "were sentenced to up to 12 years in prison"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "maritime",
            "South Korean ferry Sewol"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_23_3778413",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_23_3778413_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the people being pelted in the image do?",
        "context": "Worsening Afghan Security, Political Tensions Worry World Community\n ISLAMABAD \u2014\u00a0\nAfghanistan\u2019s Taliban has stormed a key northern district as the turmoil-hit nation reeled from last week\u2019s deadly suicide bombings with demands growing for the national unity government to quit for failing to provide security.\nInsurgents assaulted Imam Sahib early Sunday and are said to be moving closer to the district center after inflicting heavy casualties on government forces and overrunning surrounding villages, according to a Taliban spokesman.\nBut district governor Imamuddin Qureshi told VOA that Afghan forces are fiercely retaliating to push the Taliban back and military reinforcements have also arrived from the provincial capital of Kunduz to assist them. He confirmed the clashes killed at least six soldiers and 10 insurgents.\nSeparately, authorities in southern Kandahar province confirmed two policemen shot dead six colleagues and wounded many others at a security installation early Sunday. The assailants, suspected Taliban infiltrators, were killed while trying to flee by Afghan troops.\nThe Taliban confirmed the assailants were its members who joined the police ranks just to carry out such an attack.\nIntensified insurgent battlefield attacks come as demands for President Ashraf Ghani\u2019s national unity government to quit continue to grow after terrorist attacks last week in Kabul.\nA massive suicide truck bomb on Wednesday ripped through the highly-secure diplomatic sector of the capital, killing at least 90 people and wounding more than 450 others, including foreigners.\nFILE - Security forces inspect near the site of an explosion where German Embassy is located in Kabul, Afghanistan, May 31, 2017.\nThe deadliest terrorist strike in years outraged residents and they took to the streets demanding Ghani and his Chief Executive Abdullah Abdullah resign.\nAn anti-government demonstration on Friday turned violent, prompting Afghan security forces to open fire on the crowd. One of several people killed in the clashes was about to be buried in a Kabul cemetery Saturday when three suicide bombers struck the crowd.\nAfghans throw stones toward security forces during a protest in the wake of a deadly bombing Wednesday, in Kabul, Afghanistan, June, 2, 2017.\nAbdullah and several ministers, who were also present at the funeral service, narrowly escaped the attack that killed at least eight people and wounded more than 100.\nNearly 700 casualties in the three back-to-back incidents in Kabul have made the last week the bloodiest for the Afghan capital in three decades. The Taliban said it had nothing to do with the attacks and blamed internal rivalries in the government.\nSpeaking after the attack on the funeral, Abdullah demanded thorough investigations into the bombing, which appears to have deepened his rifts with Ghani.\n\u201cWill soon announce our position towards terrorists within the system and on holding them to account at the national level,\u201d said Foreign Minister Salahuddin Rabbani on his official Twitter account after the bombing. Rabbani, who was also at the funeral, is a member of Abdullah\u2019s Jamiat-e Islami political party.\nOpposition politicians have also intensified their demands for Ghani and Abdullah to step down for failing to undertake promised reforms to security and other government institutions to rid them of corrupt elements.\n\u201cI have spoken with a broad spectrum of Afghanistan\u2019s political leaders, highlighting the importance of unity. They agreed that working together is essential to stop the cycle of violence. Calm is now called for,\u201d said Tadamichi Yamamoto, head of the U.N. Assistance Mission in Afghanistan. He reiterated his call for seeking a negotiated settlement to the Afghan conflict.\n\u201cMeaningful steps must take place now to obtain an immediate, nationwide halt to violence. I encourage all parties to enter discussions toward that end,\u201d said Tadamichi.\nThe United States also called for Afghan leaders to stay united under the challenging circumstances.\n\u201cThe enemy seeks to manipulate the people\u2019s anger and sadness to create division and sow instability,\u201d a U.S. embassy statement quoted Special Charge d\u2019Affaires Ambassador Hugo Llorens as saying.\nNow is the time, to stand unified and announce to the enemies loud and clear that Afghans, along with their international partners, will not allow cowards to break the Afghan resolve to achieve a prosperous, stable, and peaceful nation, noted the American diplomat.\nA presidential statement said Ghani chaired a meeting Sunday of his National Security Council to discuss security for the \u201cKabul Process\u201d meeting scheduled for Tuesday where delegates will discuss how to bring an end to the increasingly deadly Afghan war.\nThe controversy-marred presidential election in 2014 prompted the United States to help mediate a deal between Ghani, an ethnic Pashtun, and Abdullah, an ethnic Tajik, to form the unity government.\nBut differences over a number of issues, including appointments to key posts in security and other government institutions, critics say, have hampered international-backed efforts to bring security and political stability to the conflict-shattered country.\nThe internal rifts coupled with rampant corrupt state institutions are blamed for the deterioration in national security and territorial insurgent gains on the battlefield.\n",
        "caption": "Afghans throw stones toward security forces during a protest in the wake of a deadly bombing Wednesday, in Kabul, Afghanistan, June, 2, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/407C5F3B-17D6-4C11-BCBE-AF0CEA49CF33.jpg",
        "id": "24751_4",
        "answer": [
            "open fire on the crowd"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "security forces"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_04_3886193",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_04_3886193_4"
    },
    {
        "question": "What happened to people like those in the image?",
        "context": "Turkey: Russian Airstrike Accidentally Kills 3 Turkish Soldiers\nTurkey says a Russian airstrike has accidentally killed three Turkish soldiers in northern Syria.\nA military statement said the Russian military was carrying out an operation targeting Islamic State at the time of the incident.\nIt said Russian President Vladimir Putin has called his Turkish counterpart Recep Tayyip Erdogan to offer his condolences.\nThe Kremlin said the both sides have agreed to step up their military coordination in Syria.\nRussia and Turkey had been on opposing sides of the nearly six-year Syrian conflict, with Moscow backing Syrian President Bashar al-Assad while Ankara supported the rebels.\nBut the two countries have worked together in recent months and helped broker Syria peace talks last month in Kazakhstan.\nRussia and Turkey, along with Iran, agreed on a plan to monitor a partial Syrian cease-fire and support efforts to find a political solution to the conflict.\n",
        "caption": "Turkish troops take position in the southeastern town of Suruc, Sanliurfa province, near the Mursitpinar border crossing with Syria, Oct. 3, 2014. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/07E657CF-27B2-41A4-8DCF-5F527AC884BC.jpg",
        "id": "16746_1",
        "answer": [
            "Russian airstrike has accidentally killed three Turkish soldiers in northern Syria",
            "None",
            "accidentally killed"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Turkish",
            "Turkish troops"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_09_3716138",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_09_3716138_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who attacked the place like that in the image?",
        "context": "Egypt State TV IDs Tanta Church Suicide Bomber\nCAIRO \u2014\u00a0\nEgypt's interior ministry on Thursday identified the suicide bomber in the church bombing in the city of Tanta as Mamdouh Amin Mohamed Baghdadi, a resident of Qena, south of Cairo.\nAt least 45 people, as well as the bombers, were killed in attacks on a cathedral in Alexandria and the church in Tanta in the Nile Delta on Palm Sunday, April 9. So-called Islamic State (IS) group claimed responsibility for the attacks.\nA ministry statement said Baghdadi was born in 1977 and was one of 19 suspected militants believed to belong to a cell behind a December suicide bombing of Cairo's main Coptic cathedral, another attack claimed by Islamic State.\nThe statement said the authorities had arrested 3 of the 19 suspected militants in the cell.\nEgypt's government imposed a three-month state of emergency in the wake of the Palm Sunday attacks.\nReligious minorities are increasingly targeted by Sunni Islamist militants, posing a challenge to President Abdel Fattah el-Sissi, who has pledged to protect them as part of his campaign against extremism.\nIS has waged a low-level war against soldiers and police in Egypt's Sinai Peninsula for years but it is increasingly targeting Christians and broadening its reach into Egypt's mainland.\n",
        "caption": "Soldiers guard a street near a church in downtown Cairo, Egypt, April 10, 2017, following Palm Sunday bombings in churches in Tanta and Alexandria that killed 45 Coptic Christians.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/33DD8296-AF49-4F66-979D-5D23869F40AE.jpg",
        "id": "21009_1",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "Mamdouh Amin Mohamed Baghdadi, a resident of Qena, south of Cairo",
            "Mamdouh Amin Mohamed Baghdadi"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "church"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_13_3809138",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_13_3809138_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What will be bad for the person on the left of the image's native country?",
        "context": "Sanctions Taking Toll on North Korea Regime, High-level Defector Tells VOA \nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nEditor's Note: In a two-part series, VOA's Korean Service spoke with senior-level North Korean defector Ri Jong Ho in his first public interview since his defection in late 2014.\nA senior North Korean defector told VOA Korean that the current efforts to tighten economic sanctions on the North are effective and could over time destabilize Kim Jong Un\u2019s regime.\n\u201cEconomic sanctions, if continued, will erode the North Korean regime\u2019s grip on power, create more opportunities for market activities and stir all kinds of corruption and disorder in the country,\u201d said Ri Jong Ho in his first public interview since his defection in late 2014. \u201cThat loosening of government control will strike at the very foundation of the [top-down] leader-based system.\u201d\nHis remarks came in advance of President Donald Trump\u2019s summit this week with his South Korean counterpart, Moon Jae-in, where they are expected to focus on the common threat posed by the Kim regime and its nuclear ambitions.\nA senior North Korean defector, Ri Jong Ho, right, who oversaw North Korea\u2019s overall production and trade while serving at the Office 39 for decades, heads to Pyongyang with Chinese investment tycoon Sam Pa, December 2006.\nHaving served in high-level roles in central agencies of the ruling Workers\u2019 Party of Korea, Ri spent 30 years overseeing the country\u2019s overall production and trade, and replenishing the Kim regime\u2019s critically-important foreign currency reserves.\nHis last posting was in Dalian, China, as the head of the Korea Daehung Trading Corporation, which is managed by Office 39, a secretive branch of the North Korean government. According to the U.S. Treasury Department, Office 39 engages \u201cin illicit economic activities and managing slush funds and generating revenues for the leadership.\u201d\nAccording to Ri, who observed firsthand the North's efforts to keep the regime afloat during a severe famine and financial crisis in the mid-1990s, when Pyongyang faces \u201can immense amount of pressure,\u201d it becomes \u201cmore defiant\u201d and focuses on weapons development.\nAnd that may be the case today, as the international community expands sanctions and Kim continues to make public demonstrations of his advanced weapons programs.\nThe regime has conducted a nuclear test and launched a string of missiles since early 2016. While North Korea has made no secret of its desire to develop an intercontinental ballistic missile capable of delivering a nuclear warhead to the U.S. mainland, Ri said Pyongyang considers South Korea as the primary target of its nuclear strike plan.\nSanctions hit key mineral exports\nCurrent international efforts to limit North Korea\u2019s trade are damaging its economy, which is heavily dependent upon mineral exports, Ri said.\nWATCH: Ri Jong Ho on North Korea's reliance on minerals\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nSanctions Pinching North Korea Regime, High-level Defector tells VOA\nShare this video\n0:01:24\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:24\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 3.2MB\n360p | 3.7MB\n720p | 25.0MB\n1080p | 16.1MB\nMinerals such as coal and iron ores constitute more than 45 percent of North Korea\u2019s exports, which total $3 billion annually, according to Ri. Worried about too much reliance on one sector, Pyongyang capped its annual anthracite coal exports at 5 million tons in 2008, Ri said. But that fell apart, as by 2013, North Korea exported twice that, and in 2016, four times the cap, generated that much more in needed funds.\n\u201cThis clearly shows how North Korea is suffering from a lack of hard currency,\u201d Ri said. \u201cIt is inevitable that any disruption on North Korea\u2019s [mineral] trade will have a significant impact not only on its people at large but also on its leadership.\u201d\nThe three-month suspension of the North\u2019s coal exports following the execution of Kim\u2019s uncle, Jang Song Thaek, in early 2014 is a case in point, Ri said. The break, he explained, not only hit the country\u2019s mining industry hard, but also hurt all sectors of North Korea\u2019s economy including small businesses in Pyongyang\u2019s local markets.\nWhen asked about recent reports of a continued surge in gas prices, Ri said, \u201cThere is a high chance that sanctions might have disrupted North Korea\u2019s imports of gasoline from China.\u201d\nConnecting Korean buyers with Russian oil\nNorth Korea imports up to 200,000 to 300,000 tons of diesel from Russia every year, he said. Companies in Singapore, Asia\u2019s commodity trading hub, have been acting as a bridge between the two countries for more than two decades.\n\u201cWe first strike a deal with Singaporean firms, which then enter into another contract with Russian oil companies,\u201d Ri said.\nRi Jong Ho, seated at left, seals a deal on North Korea\u2019s oil exploration with a Hong Kong international oil company in November 2006.\nBy having respected or highly rated Singaporean intermediaries do business with Russian companies, it is even possible for North Korea to have the oil delivered before making any payment, said Ri, who was deeply involved in transporting the Russian oil to Pyongyang between 1997 and 2005.\nGiven the continued movements of North Korea\u2019s oil tankers, it is likely that transactions between Pyongyang and Singaporean companies continue to take place today, he added.\nMoscow is not alone in providing oil to Pyongyang, Ri said.\nBeijing exports some 50,000 to 100,000 tons of gasoline by tanker every year. There are about 10 to 12 North Korea oil tankers capable of carrying up to 3,000 tons that sail in and out of Russian and Chinese ports, he said adding that China also supplies the North with roughly 500,000 tons of crude oil by pipeline, all of which though goes toward Kim\u2019s massive military, all of which is free of charge.\n\u201cIf the U.S. government begins to crack down on Pyongyang\u2019s imports of oil, the North Korean regime will inevitably suffer heavy damage,\u201d Ri said. \"If the operations of the North Korea-bound tankers carrying oil from Russia and China come to a full stop, the regime\u2019s lifeline will be severed.\"\nIn Washington, Trump, who views Beijing's leverage as key to resolving the North Korean nuclear threat, is urging greater engagement by China.\nDuring last week\u2019s U.S.-China security talks, the two countries reaffirmed their commitment to \"implement in full all relevant U.N. Security Council resolutions,\" Secretary of State Rex Tillerson said.\nGauging China's appetite for sanctions\nWhile North Korea analysts agree with the Trump\u2019s administration that Beijing plays a critical role, many are skeptical of China\u2019s stated willingness to impose sanctions over North Korea\u2019s belligerence. \nRi Jong Ho, left, poses with Chinese investment tycoon Sam Pa, right, and others at a banquet hall in Pyongyang in January 2007.\n\u201cSanctions directed against North Korea\u2019s mineral exports or its import of crude oil could have an impact on changing the Kim regime\u2019s approach. There is no evidence\u2014and in fact [there is] evidence to the contrary\u2014that Beijing would actually implement restrictions [and or] embargoes on mineral imports or exports of crude oil to North Korea,\u201d Anthony Ruggiero, a senior fellow at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies who is former deputy director of the Treasury Department and an expert in the use of targeted financial measures, told VOA Korean on Monday.\nRi shares this view, saying, \u201cI do not think the Chinese government will continue to be on the same page with the U.S. and impose sanctions against North Korea, because China\u2019s strategic goal is different from that of the U.S.\u201d\nDespite the growing North Korean threat, he said, Beijing is well aware of the fact that it does not have much\u2014if anything\u2014to gain from a North Korean regime collapse or a unified Korean peninsula, which would likely come under U.S. and South Korean sway, if realized.\nRi defected to South Korea in October 2014, and came to the United States in March 2016. He lives in the greater Washington, D.C., area with his wife and two children.\nJenny Lee contributed to this report which originated on VOA Korean.\nWATCH: Excerpt of VOA Korean interview with defector Ri Jong Ho\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nSenior-level North Korea Defector Ri Jong Ho Speaks to VOA\nShare this video\n0:04:42\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:04:42\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 10.6MB\n360p | 12.5MB\n720p | 86.5MB\n1080p | 55.3MB\n",
        "caption": "Ri Jong Ho, left, poses with Chinese investment tycoon Sam Pa, right, and others at a banquet hall in Pyongyang in January 2007.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/12AA1AA1-12AA-4522-8E0D-F4E8590CD4D4.jpg",
        "id": "15339_4",
        "answer": [
            "Economic sanctions",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Ri Jong Ho"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_27_3918475",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_27_3918475_4"
    },
    {
        "question": "What are some in the audience of the man in the image asking him to do if he takes his new job?",
        "context": "Pick for No. 2 at Justice Department Won't Commit to Russia Recusal\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nThe prosecutor tapped to fill the No. 2 position at the U.S. Justice Department declined on Tuesday to commit to appointing a special counsel to oversee an investigation into Russian meddling in the 2016 presidential election.\nIf confirmed, Rod Rosenstein, nominated by Republican President Donald Trump to be deputy attorney general, would take control of the Russia investigation because Attorney General Jeff Sessions has recused himself from the case.\nAt his Senate Judiciary Committee confirmation hearing, Democrats pushed for Rosenstein to commit to assigning a special prosecutor to investigate, saying only a special counsel free from administration pressure could ensure acceptable results.\nDemocratic Senator Dianne Feinstein asked Rosenstein, \"Do you support an independent, outside counsel?\"\nRosenstein said since he was not yet in the role, he had not seen the evidence and had no basis to decide whether a independent counsel would be appropriate.\nBut he did signal skepticism toward the idea. Rosenstein noted that former Attorney General Loretta Lynch had not appointed a special prosecutor when the allegations first came to light, instead relying on career prosecutors to handle the case. \"She had the information and I don't and she rejected the request,\" Rosenstein said.\nRepublicans argued that it was too soon to know whether a special counsel was appropriate in the Russia case, which involves allegations that members of the Trump campaign had contacts with Russian officials during the run-up to the 2016 election.\nSessions said last week he will stay out of any \"matters that deal with the Trump campaign.\" He recused himself after admitting he met twice with Russian Ambassador Sergei Kislyak during the presidential campaign, despite previously testifying to the Senate that he had no contact with Russian officials.\nSessions said the deputy attorney general would be responsible for the Russia-related investigations.\nU.S. intelligence agencies concluded last year that Russia hacked and leaked Democratic emails during the election campaign as part of an effort to tilt the vote in Trump's favor. The Kremlin has denied the allegations.\nRosenstein has experience working for a special counsel on investigations involving the presidency. In the mid-1990s he was part of independent counsel Kenneth W. Starr's team of prosecutors who investigated Bill and Hillary Clinton.\nThe 26-year Justice Department veteran is seen by many current and former department officials as a politically neutral pick.\n\"Political affiliations are irrelevant to my work,\" Rosenstein said during his testimony Tuesday. Named as Maryland's top prosecutor by President George W. Bush, Rosenstein stayed in office through the Obama administration.\n\"Mr. Rosenstein should commit to naming a special prosecutor to look into the Trump campaign's ties to Russia,\" said Democratic Senator Chuck Schumer in a statement.\n",
        "caption": "Rod Rosenstein, nominee to be Deputy Attorney General, testifies before the Senate Judiciary Committee on Capitol Hill in Washington, March 7, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/0B9AA842-993F-4E2B-9C1B-63BF6C903464.jpg",
        "id": "31757_1",
        "answer": [
            "to commit to assigning a special prosecutor to investigate"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Rosenstein "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_07_3752833",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_07_3752833_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What regulates the vehicles like those in the image?",
        "context": "Resort Island Without Uber or Lyft Wants to Keep It That Way\nNEW SHOREHAM, R.I. \u2014\u00a0\nTwelve miles and a ferry ride from the New England shore, Block Island is one of the last major tourist destinations in the United States without Uber or Lyft \u2014 and islanders want it to stay that way.\nCome summer, the sleepy island welcomes thousands of vacationers, many of whom depend on taxis to get to its bluffs, lighthouses, beaches and weathered-gray shingle homes. Now, as at least one ride-hailing company proposes to deregulate the community's strict 88-year-old taxi code, longtime drivers are fighting to protect a way of life that helps them make ends meet in a place where the median home costs $1.2 million.\n\"This is our livelihood,\" said taxi driver Champlin Starr, a retired oil tanker captain whose family first landed here in the 1660s. \"People come to Block Island because they want an experience. They're not going to get it with someone who doesn't know where the landmarks are. This is our home.\"\nWith 32 licensed taxis, each with up to four drivers, Starr said, nearly 10 percent of the island's roughly 1,000 year-round residents spend part of the summer driving fares around. The school's principal is a taxi proprietor. So is the retired police chief.\nBut some residents say they could use some competition, especially to attract younger tourists accustomed to the convenience of using apps.\n\"My guests are always complaining about how expensive the taxis are, how fast their drivers are driving,\" said Emma Rose Tripler, a lifelong resident who manages two inns. \"They're cranky, on top of it. And some of them are pretty aggressive.\"\nThe town of New Shoreham, which encompasses the island, has been setting its own taxi rates since 1929. Its rules include a surcharge for dirt roads and a requirement that someone vouch for a driver's moral character. The average wait to get a taxi license is 15 years.\n\"I'm a retiree and a widow,\" said Fran Migliaccio, owner of Mig's Rig Taxi. \"It's my sole source of income.\" Migliaccio said that she's not proposing to ban Uber and Lyft, but that their drivers should be \"subject to the same level of scrutiny\" as everyone else on the taxi waitlist.\nRhode Island enacted a statewide law last year to formally legalize and regulate Uber and Lyft, but Block Island residents are now pushing for an exemption.\n\"What Uber and Lyft are going to do is come out for two months, skim all the cream off the top and leave,\" said state Rep. Blake Filippi, a Block Island Republican who proposed the exemption, to which both San Francisco companies object.\nSo far, the debate is just theoretical. Uber and Lyft don't appear to be operating there yet.\nOn a recent April weekday \u2014 only two taxis operate in the off-season before Memorial Day \u2014 Vin McAloon, the 77-year-old retired police chief, was unusually busy as the weather began to warm.\nAt the ferry station, he picked up house painters and a sales team visiting the town hospital. At the tiny airport, he picked up a resident returning from a dentist appointment on the mainland. When fares called for a ride, McAloon usually knew them by name.\nRide-hailing apps are now allowed in tourist destinations throughout the country, most recently Wyoming, where they were legalized in March, and upstate New York, where they'll be available after July Fourth to riders in Niagara Falls and other popular spots. The exceptions are Alaska, where legislation is pending, and Austin, Texas, after a dispute last year. When they're not available elsewhere, it's usually because of a lack of drivers or customer demand.\nThe costly ferry ride across Block Island Sound has been the island's strongest defense against an Uber onslaught.\nFerry distance hasn't stopped other island resorts, such as Martha's Vineyard and Nantucket in Massachusetts, from grudgingly accepting Uber and Lyft. But remote Block Island, once known as a pirate hideout, has always had an independent streak.\nThe town's taxi drivers made an expedition to Rhode Island's State House this month to testify in favor of the exemption, leaving a day before the hearing because of wind that could have shut down the ferry. The exemption's sole voice of opposition was Sami Naim, a public policy manager for Lyft, who said it was \"an opportunity for us to work together to help deregulate\" the island's onerous taxi regulations.\nIn a sign that the state is likely to side with Block Island taxi operators, lawmakers scoffed at his comments.\n\"They're saying, `Leave us alone,' but you're being very persistent,\" state Rep. Anastasia Williams, a Providence Democrat, told Naim. \"Sometimes you have to know when to fold it and run away.\"\n",
        "caption": "Vin McAloon drives his taxi down a road in New Shoreham, R.I. The town's taxi rules include a surcharge for driving on dirt roads, April 11, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/1FA3B5D1-3946-4523-9208-1F8D17C316C7.jpg",
        "id": "26134_1",
        "answer": [
            "the community's strict 88-year-old taxi code"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "taxi"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_21_3820171",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_21_3820171_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person with the blue tie in the image discuss?",
        "context": "Russia, Iran, Syria Issue Warning Against Another Syria Strike\nRussia, Syria and Iran have warned the United States against launching new strikes on Syria and called for an international investigation into the chemical weapons attack in Syria.\nThe foreign ministers from Russia, Syria and Iran, meeting Friday in Moscow, said any further unilateral action by the U.S. in Syria would be met with \"grave consequences\" and pose a danger to the entire world.\nThe U.S. fired 59 Tomahawk missiles at Syria's al-Shayrat air base last week in response to a chemical weapons attack in Syria days earlier.\nRussian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov said the circumstances surrounding the chemical attack in the Syrian town of Khan Sheikhoun that killed more than 80 people were still not clear.\nRussian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov, center, stands in the middle as Syrian Foreign Minister Walid Muallem, left, and Iranian Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif shake hands after a shared press conference following their talks focused on Syria in Moscow, Russia, April 14, 2017.\nHe criticized the world's chemical weapons watchdog, the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons, for not sending experts to the site of the attack to investigate.\n\"We consider it unacceptable to analyze events from a distance,\" he said. Lavrov said the investigation should also be widened to include experts from many nations.\nRussia has rejected accusations from Western countries that Syrian President Bashar al-Assad was behind the attack. Russia has alleged that the victims were killed when Syrian warplanes hit a rebel chemical arsenal. The U.S. accuses Assad of deliberately launching the attack.\n\"The use of chemical weapons as a pretext for violation of the sovereignty and territorial integrity of an independent state \u2014 a member of the United Nations \u2014 is a very dangerous activity,\" Iranian Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif said. \"It is essential to prevent such acts as the events in Khan Sheikhoun in [the] future.\"\nFILE - Victims of a suspected chemical weapons attack lie on the ground in Khan Sheikhoun, Idlib province, Syria, April 4, 2017.\nLavrov said the U.S. missile strike on Syria was Washington seeking \"excuses for regime change.\" He added, \"These attempts will not succeed, this will not happen.\"\nLavrov met Friday with his counterparts from Syria and Iran after U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson visited Moscow earlier this week. Syrian Foreign Minister Walid Moallem said Friday's meeting sent a \"strong message\" to Washington.\nRussia and Iran are strong allies of Assad's government and have backed the president during Syria's six-year civil war.\n",
        "caption": "Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov, center, stands in the middle as Syrian Foreign Minister Walid Muallem, left, and Iranian Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif shake hands after a shared press conference following their talks focused on Syria in Moscow, Russia, April 14, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B182929C-BA31-47BD-BCBF-C3F07793D747.jpg",
        "id": "10364_2",
        "answer": [
            "the circumstances surrounding the chemical attack",
            "the circumstances surrounding the chemical attack in the Syrian town of Khan Sheikhoun that killed more than 80 people were still not clear",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Sergei Lavrov"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_14_3810840",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_14_3810840_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What do the people from the image not talk about?",
        "context": "Fear of Militants, State Actors Hampers Press Freedom in Pakistan\nISLAMABAD \u2014\u00a0\nA press freedom index released by Reporters Without Borders this week has called Pakistani media among the freest in Asia. Yet, the same index has listed the country as number 139 out of 180 countries for press freedom, far behind its war torn neighbor Afghanistan, which is at number 120.\nThe reason, many Pakistani journalists explain, is that they have the freedom to report some issues, but others are considered red lines.\nPakistan always had private print media, albeit with various levels of censorship during military dictatorships and the intermittent periods of elected governments.\nBut the advent of private electronic media in early 2000s, ironically during the tenure of a military dictator General Pervez Musharraf, changed the landscape. Dozens of live 24/7 news channels started competing with each other for breaking stories and getting scoops.\nFILE - Pakistan's former President and military ruler Pervez Musharraf addresses his party supporters at his house in Islamabad, April 15, 2013.\nThe country has witnessed a boost in transparency and accountability, especially in the field of governance. Officials often find themselves fielding tough questions from the media. Talk show hosts interrogate politicians on live TV every night.\nBut the same journalists steer clear of issues that might offend either militant Islamists or the country\u2019s powerful military.\nThreats and violence\n\u201cPakistani media faces both threats, state actors and non-state actors, and they are equally ruthless,\u201d said Rana Jawwad, the news editor for Geo news, a popular TV channel.\nJournalists in Pakistan have been attacked and murdered with impunity, according to the New York based Committee to Protect Journalists. The government has often promised investigations into violence against journalists, but few culprits have been brought to court, let alone convicted.\nWatch: Fear of Militants, State Actors Hampers Press Freedom in Pakistan\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nFear of Militants and State Actors Hampers Press Freedom in Pakistan\nShare this video\n0:03:06\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:03:06\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 9.0MB\n360p | 15.0MB\n720p | 84.7MB\n1080p | 57.2MB\nGovernment representatives were unavailable for comment for this report, despite repeated requests.\nJournalists living in the tribal areas in the country\u2019s north, for example, face threats from the militants and the security forces fighting them. Many have fled the area or given up their profession. Similarly, journalists anywhere in the country are afraid to discuss issues that might offend the Islamists, like the persecution of certain minority groups or the controversial blasphemy laws.\nReporting on a separatist insurgency in the restive Balochistan province is considered particularly sensitive. Human rights groups have published numerous reports accusing the country\u2019s intelligence agencies of kidnapping, torturing, and killing Baloch nationalists. But the issue is almost non-existent in the otherwise vibrant media discourse. Foreign journalists are not allowed to travel to Balochistan without prior permission.\nThe only sphere considered safe enough to raise such a sensitive issue was social media, but that impression was shattered when several bloggers who wrote progressive posts disappeared.\n\u201cThat was a shock for all of us, and the way it had happened because of political expression, that was also very shocking. So the results were fear all around,\u201d said Shahzad Ahmed, country director for Bytes for All, Pakistan, a digital rights advocacy group.\nThey eventually re-appeared after sustained protests, but most refused to name their captures.\nOne of them, Waqas Goraya, shared his experiences at the U.N. Human Rights Council in Geneva.\nHe believed he was detained because he ran a satirical Facebook page that was critical of the military\u2019s role in politics and in Balochistan.\nIn an interview with the BBC, he said he was detained by a \u201cgovernment institution\u201d linked to the military and was tortured \u201cfor pleasure.\u201d\nFILE - Pakistani journalists are seen rallying in support of their colleague Hamid Mir, who was shot and injured by gunmen in Karachi, April 23, 2014.\nAfter their return, the bloggers were forced to leave the country with their families due to a campaign accusing them of blasphemy. The religiously charged accusation is considered a de-facto death sentence in Pakistan where it has led to mob deaths in the past.\nThe bloggers and their families denied committing blasphemy and said the accusations were designed to keep them silent and to put pressure on them. \nPakistan\u2019s army has denied involvement in the incident.\nHowever, the episode had a chilling effect on social media discourse, according to Ahmed. Both individuals and organizations started self-censoring. He believed there was little space left for groups fighting for religious freedom or minority rights.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Pakistani journalists are seen rallying in support of their colleague Hamid Mir, who was shot and injured by gunmen in Karachi, April 23, 2014.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B7CC16B0-2CAB-4B68-B79D-E876EA7A37E7.jpg",
        "id": "21637_3",
        "answer": [
            "issues that might offend the Islamists, like the persecution of certain minority groups or the controversial blasphemy laws",
            "issues that might offend either militant Islamists or the country\u2019s powerful military"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "journalists",
            "Pakistani journalists"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_27_3828031",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_27_3828031_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who else underwent similar events like the person in the image?",
        "context": "Trial of Ousted South Korean President Begins\nOusted South Korean President Park Geun-hye denied all charges against her at the opening of her trial Tuesday in Seoul.\nShe faces charges of bribery, extortion, abuse of power and other high-profile corruption charges that could potentially send her to jail for life. \nPark was impeached in December by parliament and in March fired by the country's top court following revelations of her involvement in a massive corruption scandal centered on her friend of 40 years and bringing in some of the country's top businessmen, including Samsung heir Lee Jae-yong. Soon afterwards she was detained and indicted.\nThe trial is expected to last for months, and could shed new light on the ties between Park and the bosses of the family-run conglomerates who allegedly bribed her, among them Lee and Lotte Chairman Shin Dong-bin.\nIt comes only two weeks after the country last week elected left-leaning former human rights lawyer Moon Jae-in \u2014 who lost the 2012 poll to Park \u2014 as her successor.\nTuesday\u2019s opening session saw Park arrive at the court in handcuffs and marked her first public appearance since she was taken into custody in March. Hundreds of people flocked to the court to enter a lottery for seats in the public gallery.\nPark, 65, is the third former South Korean leader to stand trial for corruption following Chun Doo-hwan and Roh Tae-woo, who served jail terms in the 1990s for charges including bribery and treason.\nWhen she was elected in 2012 as South Korea's first female president, Park secured the highest vote share of any candidate in the country\u2019s democratic era. But she has spent the past weeks in a small cell with a mattress, table, sink, toilet and television.\n",
        "caption": "Former South Korean President Park Geun-hye, center, arrives at a court in Seoul, South Korea, May 23, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/E9EBFDC6-A003-43AA-9927-894CF9C5D2AC.jpg",
        "id": "4578_1",
        "answer": [
            "Chun Doo-hwan and Roh Tae-woo"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Park Geun-hye",
            "Park"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_23_3866831",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_23_3866831_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the person with the red tie in the image want?",
        "context": "US House Panel Awaits Trump's Evidence in Wiretap Claim Against Obama\nThe U.S. House Intelligence Committee has given President Donald Trump until Monday to provide evidence on his so-far unfounded claim that his phones at Trump Tower in New York were wiretapped during last year's presidential campaign.\nLast week, the president wrote on Twitter that former President Barack Obama, a Democrat, had the phones at Trump headquarters tapped, but the Republican Trump has offered no evidence. The president tweeted, \"Terrible. Just found out that Obama had my 'wires tapped' in Trump Tower just before the victory. Nothing found. This is McCarthyism.\"\nCommittee chairman Devin Nunes, a Republican, and Adam Schiff, the committee's ranking Democrat, sent a letter to Trump requesting the evidence to support his wiretap claim.\nHouse Intelligence Committee Chairman Rep. Devin Nunes, listens at left, as the committee's ranking member Rep. Adam Schiff, D-Calif., talk to reporters on Capitol Hill, March 2, 2017.\nAn Obama spokesman has said Trump's charges are \"simply false.\" Trump has not commented on the wiretaps since the tweets.\nMcCain on wiretap claim \nOn Sunday, Senator John McCain of Arizona told CNN, \"The president has one of two choices: Either retract or provide the information that the American people deserve. Because if his predecessor violated the law, President Obama violated the law, we\u2019ve got a serious issue here, to say the least.\u201d\nMcCain said he has \"no reason to believe the charges are true.\"\nSenate Armed Services Committee Chairman Sen. John McCain, R-Ariz., speaks to reporters on Capitol Hill in Washington, March 8, 2017.\nUnder U.S. law, a president cannot order someone's phone to be wiretapped. He would need approval by a federal judge and would also have to show reasonable grounds to suspect why a citizen's telephone calls should be monitored, such as if he were suspected of criminal wrongdoing. The White House said last week that Trump is not under criminal investigation.\nThe wiretap charges are part of congressional investigations into the details behind the U.S. intelligence community's conclusion that Russia meddled in the presidential election to help Trump defeat Democrat Hillary Clinton, a former U.S. secretary of state, and Trump campaign contacts with Russian officials before and after the November vote.\nU.S. intelligence concluded Russia hacked into the computer of Clinton campaign chief John Podesta, with the anti-secrecy group WikiLeaks then releasing thousands of his emails in the weeks before the election that showed embarrassing behind-the-scenes efforts by Democratic operatives to help Clinton win the party's presidential nomination.\nMcCain, the losing 2008 Republican presidential nominee, said \"there's a lot of shoes to drop\" about information between Trump associates and Russia.\nMcCain said he was troubled why his own party removed a provision from its political platform last year calling for a U.S. dispatch of defensive weapons to Ukraine to help in Kyiv's fight against pro-Russian separatists in eastern Ukraine.\n\u201cClearly, it was not the will of most Republicans,\u201d McCain said. \u201cThere\u2019s a lot of aspects with this whole relationship with Russia and Vladimir Putin that requires further scrutiny, and so far I don\u2019t think the American people have gotten all the answers.\"\n",
        "caption": "House Intelligence Committee Chairman Rep. Devin Nunes, listens at left, as the committee's ranking member Rep. Adam Schiff, D-Calif., talk to reporters on Capitol Hill, March 2, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F588A711-99C4-4148-9221-DA10F8847266.jpg",
        "id": "19207_1",
        "answer": [
            "evidence to support his wiretap claim"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Devin Nunes"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_12_3762004",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_12_3762004_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the people in the image do?",
        "context": "Trump: US-Japan Alliance Foundation for Peace in East Asian Region \nPresident Donald Trump said Friday the friendship between the U.S. and Japan is \"very, very deep\" and declared an alliance between the two countries is a cornerstone of peace in the East Asian region.\n\"We are committed to the security of Japan and all areas under its administrative control and to further strengthening our very crucial alliance,\" Trump told reporters at a White House news conference with Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe.\nAbe said he and Trump have reached agreement on a new framework for economic talks and the Trans-Pacific Partnership trade deal will be among the topics of discussions. Trump said any trading relationship between the two countries must be \"free, fair and reciprocal.\"\nWATCH: Trump on cooperation with Japan\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTrump: Cooperation on Nuclear Threat 'Essential'\nShare this video\n0:01:11\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:11\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 3.0MB\n360p | 3.5MB\n480p | 18.6MB\nJapan has been concerned about the impact Trump's decision to withdraw from the Trans-Pacific Partnership trade agreement, as well as \"America First\" strategy, would have on Asia.\nAbe expressed hope of developing a joint economic stimulus package that could create thousands of U.S. jobs through private and public investments in infrastructure.\nThe two leaders began two days of talks at the White House Friday morning that provide them with opportunities to reinforce a long-established security treaty and bolster their economic relationship.\nTrump, Abe and their wives will fly to Palm Beach, Florida, Friday afternoon for a weekend stay at Trump's Mar-a-Lago estate.\nThe two-day summit is the most time Trump has spent with a foreign leader since he became president on January 20. It is Trump's second face-to-face meeting with a key ally after hosting British Prime Minister Theresa May in Washington two weeks ago.\nPresident Donald Trump meets with Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe in the Oval Office of the White House in Washington, Feb. 10, 2017.\nThe Trump administration set a positive tone for the weekend summit by saying before Abe's arrival at the White House that Trump is committed to resisting any unilateral declarations that would threaten Japan's authority over disputed islands in the East China Sea.\nAt the news conference, Trump reaffirmed that commitment, as well as one ensuring safety in the region.\n\"We will work together to promote our shared interests ... including freedom of navigation and defending against the North Korean missile and nuclear threat, both of which I consider a very, very high priority,\" he said.\nWatch: Trump Reassures Japan About US Commitment to Asia-Pacific\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTrump Reassures Japan About US Commitment to Asia-Pacific\nShare this video\n0:02:28\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:28\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 7.0MB\n360p | 9.7MB\n720p | 66.5MB\n1080p | 46.6MB\nJapan's concerns about Trump's campaign promise to get Japan and other U.S. allies to pay more for their own defense were allayed somewhat by Defense Secretary James Mattis during a visit last week to Japan and South Korea.\nTrump's meeting with Japan's prime minister occurs as the new U.S. administration appears to be adopting a more traditional U.S. policy toward Asia that features consolidating alliances and collaboration with China.\nLate Thursday, Trump reaffirmed America's long-standing \"One China\" policy in a telephone call with Chinese President Xi Jinping.\n",
        "caption": "President Donald Trump, right, and Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe shake hands following their joint news conference in the East Room of the White House in Washington, Feb. 10, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/3BA07329-4CAB-4E1E-90AA-1B7B5D42C956.jpg",
        "id": "5990_1",
        "answer": [
            "reached agreement on a new framework for economic talks",
            "Reached an agreement on a new framework for economic talks "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Donald Trump and Shinzo Abe ",
            "Abe"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_10_3717646",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_10_3717646_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person with outstretched hands in the image say?",
        "context": "Trump Calls for Probe into Voter Fraud\nWHITE HOUSE \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. President Donald Trump is calling for a \"major\" investigation into voter fraud in November's presidential election, reinforcing his belief that voting by millions of undocumented immigrants cost him a victory in the national popular vote.\nTrump announced plans for the probe Wednesday morning on Twitter.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;I will be asking for a major investigation into VOTER FRAUD, including those registered to vote in two states, those who are illegal and....\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/824227824903090176\\\"\\u0026gt;January 25, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;even, those registered to vote who are dead (and many for a long time). Depending on results, we will strengthen up voting procedures!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/824228768227217408\\\"\\u0026gt;January 25, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nPress secretary pressed on issue \nBut in a Wednesday briefing, White House spokesman Sean Spicer expanded the scope of the upcoming investigation. \"This is not just about the 2016 election, this is about the integrity of our voting system.\"\nSpicer did not offer specifics about who would conduct an investigation or when it would begin. But he said investigators would explore irregularities such as outdated voter registration rolls and voters who have relocated and are registered in more than one location.\nWATCH: Spicer responds to reporter question on voter fraud\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nWhite House spokesman Sean Spicer on voter fraud\nShare this video\n0:00:37\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:37\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 1.1MB\n360p | 1.3MB\n480p | 6.2MB\nSpicer said more details will be available \"as the week goes on.\"\nThe issue began to garner more attention Tuesday, when Spicer reiterated to reporters Trump's claim three to five million immigrants illegally voted for his opponent, Democrat Hillary Clinton.\nElection officials who have analyzed the November 8 vote say there were almost no indications of voter fraud, certainly not on the scale Trump cites.\n\"We are not aware of any evidence that supports the voter fraud claims made by President Trump, but we are open to learning more about the Administration\u2019s concerns,\" the National Association of Secretaries of State (NASS), which represents 40 U.S. state election officials, said in a statement Tuesday. \"In the lead up to the November 2016 election, secretaries of state expressed their confidence in the systemic integrity of our election process as a bipartisan group, and they stand behind that statement today,\u201d NASS added.\nTrump lawyers have stated in writing that evidence of fraud was nonexistent in the November 8 election. In a filing last year against Green Party presidential candidate Jill Stein's attempts to force a recount of votes in Michigan, they concluded, \"All evidence suggests the 2016 general election was not tainted by fraud or mistake.\"\nRyan: no evidence of rampant voter fraud\nRepublican House Speaker Paul Ryan told reporters he has seen no evidence of rampant voter fraud in the 2016 election. Republican Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell told reporters voter fraud does happen, adding, \u201cThere are always arguments on both sides about how much, how frequent and all the rest.\"\nFILE - House Speaker Paul Ryan (foreground) is joined by fellow Republicans, including Vice President-elect Mike Pence (second left), at a news conference at the Capitol in Washington, Jan. 4, 2017..\nSouth Carolina Senator Lindsey Graham, one of the Republican presidential contenders Trump defeated in the run-up to the national election against Clinton, called on the president to stop repeating the claim, saying that if he has evidence of fraud, \"he needs to disclose why he believes that.\"\nClinton won the popular vote count over Trump by nearly three million votes. But he won where the Electoral College, the system the United States uses to pick its presidents, with the state-by-state election results determining the winner, not the national vote total.\nSanders: fraud claims 'nonsensical', 'delusional'\nAnother presidential candidate, Independent Senator Bernie Sanders, who ran as a Democrat against Clinton, told reporters Trump\u2019s voter fraud claims are \u201cnonsensical\u201d and \"delusional.\" Sanders expressed fear that Trump is laying the foundation for more restrictive voting laws.\nFILE - Sen. Bernie Sanders, I-Vt., center, speaks to reporters on Capitol Hill in Washington.\n\"What I fear about that statement, and that is something we should all worry about ... he is sending a message to every Republican governor in this country to go forward with voter suppression.\" Sanders called voter suppression the greatest democratic crisis facing the United States.\nThe investigation into voter fraud could be led by the Justice Department, which enforces voting rights laws. But the nation's top law enforcement agency analyzes cases based on whether they can be prosecuted, and has not meddled in efforts to improve voting systems.\nAlthough Justice Department probes into voter fraud are rare, it conducted a five year investigation during the George W. Bush administration. No evidence of fraud was found and the probe prompted more investigations and forced resignations of then-Attorney General Alberto Gonzales and seven U.S. attorneys.\nVoting rights experts at New York University's Brennan Center for Justice recently urged the Justice Department to learn from its past.\n\"In 2007, the Justice Department was upended by scandal because it had pursued a partisan agenda on voting, under the guise of rooting out suspected 'voter fraud,'\" wrote the center's Adam Gitlin and Wendy Weiser on January 7.\nAny Justice Department probe could be led by Senator Jeff Sessions, the president's choice to lead the agency. Sessions has claimed in the past that voter fraud exists, but recently tried to separate himself from Trump's assertion that millions committed voter fraud.\nSpicer cited Tuesday a 2008 Pew Research study that supposedly determined that 14 percent of U.S. voters were not citizens. Pew did not produce such a study, but the Washington Post released a disputed 2014 report that came to a similar conclusion.\nPew produced a 2012 study that found evidence of outdated voter registration forms but did not conclude there was actual fraud.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - House Speaker Paul Ryan (foreground) is joined by fellow Republicans, including Vice President-elect Mike Pence (second left), at a news conference at the Capitol in Washington, Jan. 4, 2017..",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/2551E699-98D3-4A01-B3E9-2731BCEBA9CA.jpg",
        "id": "16566_2",
        "answer": [
            "he has seen no evidence of rampant voter fraud in the 2016 election"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Paul Ryan"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_24_3690125",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_24_3690125_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who was the person in the middle of the image able to do?",
        "context": "Watchdog Says US Transparency Rating May Be Endangered\nLONDON \u2014\u00a0\nThe anti-corruption group Transparency International says it is concerned that allegations of conflicts of interest and nepotism in the Trump administration may hurt international perceptions about America's ability to continue serving as a champion of anti-corruption efforts around the world.\nAfter its annual report on corruption perceptions, the Berlin-based group minces no words in laying out what it sees as troubling signs in the new U.S. administration.\n\u201cThe concerns about the U.S. are the concentration of power, the ideas around conflicts of interest being unmanaged, cronyism, nepotism and the muzzling of the press so these are the conditions that we would look out for in the future as to where a country might decline in the rankings,\u201d said Robert Barrington, Transparency International\u2019s director for Britain.\nWatchdog Says US Transparency Rating May Be Endangered\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nWatchdog Says US Transparency Rating May Be Endangered\nShare this video\n0:01:55\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:55\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 5.4MB\n360p | 7.7MB\n720p | 47.0MB\nPresident Donald Trump was elected partly on promises to \u201cdrain the swamp,\u201d take power away from Washington cronies and return it to the American people.\nChoices draw scrutiny\nBut Trump\u2019s decision to name his son-in-law as a senior White House adviser, and conflict-of-interest allegations against him and his appointees have drawn the scrutiny of the U.S. media.\nTransparency International says that could hurt the United States\u2019 image as an anti-corruption leader.\n\u201cIt has played a very important role and a very successful role, but it can only do that if it has the moral authority to tell others to live by its own standards and if its own standards decline, that will be a problem,\u201d Barrington told VOA.\n\u201cThere are no actual signs of corruption,\u201d he said. \u201cIt\u2019s very early in the day, so we\u2019re looking at warning signs for the future.\u201d\nKey Cabinet nominees who have drawn scrutiny include Rex Tillerson, Trump\u2019s pick for secretary of state who was formerly head of the oil giant ExxonMobil. \nFILE - Rex Tillerson, center, the former chairman and chief executive officer of ExxonMobil, shakes hands with U.S. Senator Marco Rubio (R-FL) as he arrives for a Senate Foreign Relations Committee confirmation hearing to become U.S. Secretary of State.\n\u201cRex Tillerson I think has done a good job of divesting himself immediately of his Exxon stock, sort of reducing conflict of interest. The Office of Government Ethics, which advises the president and presidential appointees on these issues, gave him a clean bill of health relatively quickly,\u201d said Jacob Parakilas, a U.S. policy analyst at Chatham House.\n\u201cOther candidates still have some questions over their heads,\u201d Parakilas said.\nNominees raise questions\nTom Price, Trump\u2019s nominee for Health and Human Services secretary, faced tough questions of whether he, as head of the House Budget Committee, used his position to benefit his stock trades.\nBut some observers say overwhelming evidence exonerates Price of unethical behavior.\nMost, if not all, of Trump\u2019s appointees are expected to clear the confirmation process.\nCabinet nominees have historically undergone intense scrutiny. In 1993, Zoe Baird and Kimba Wood, two of then-President Bill Clinton\u2019s choices for attorney general, failed the confirmation process following media revelations they had employed undocumented migrants as nannies.\nTrump\u2019s nominee for White House budget director, Mick Mulvaney, has faced questions for failing to pay taxes on a household employee more than 12 years ago.\nJacob Parakilas, a U.S. policy analyst at Chatham House.\nMulvaney explained to a Senate Budget Committee he had not done so because he did not consider the worker, a babysitter, a household employee. He has since paid at least part of the tax bill and admitted error.\n\"We made a mistake,\u201d he said.\nSome observers say immigration violations are often seen in America as more politically sensitive and severe than tax-compliance issues.\nWhile the U.S. media has relentlessly questioned the nominees\u2019 records, Parakilas said the current political landscape in Washington has also made for a smoother ride for Trump\u2019s picks.\nRepublican Party\n\u201cThe fundamental thing that\u2019s protecting them is the fact that the Republican Party controls the Senate, which has to consent to Cabinet-level appointees,\u201d Parakilas said. \u201cWhereas in previous administrations, you had a broader range of opinions within Senate majorities, now the parties are fairly polarized and there is a strong expectation that you will vote for the president\u2019s nominees unless there\u2019s a massive reason why you would not.\"\nWhile expressing concern about the damage that revelations of corruption -- should they be substantiated -- could do, Transparency International\u2019s Barrington notes the American system of checks and balances remains a strong guarantee.\n\u201cIt\u2019s a democracy. Freedom flourishes. There\u2019s a thriving civil society. There\u2019s a strong opposition. So, these are very positive signs as well,\u201d he said.\nFILE - The Trump International Hotel in Washington, Dec. 21, 2016.\nThe 2016 election suggests voters wanted power in the hands of Washington outsiders.\nAnalysts say that in this honeymoon phase, many Americans are more likely to be focused on Trump\u2019s promises of economic prosperity, security and putting America first, and less inclined to be concerned about issues of nepotism, tax compliance and conflict of interest.\nWorld leaders have even less reason to be interested at this stage.\n\u201cIt\u2019s not the primary focus of attention or concern about the Trump administration,\u201d Parakilas said, adding global leaders are more concerned about the uncertainty that Trump\u2019s remarks and actions on trade and security alliances have created.\n\u201cI would say the level of attention from global audiences on the questions of nepotism and transparency are lower ranking than those,\u201d Parakilas said.\nThat is especially true, he said, among the 158 nations that scored lower than the United States did in Transparency International\u2019s Corruption Perceptions Index.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Rex Tillerson, center, the former chairman and chief executive officer of ExxonMobil, shakes hands with U.S. Senator Marco Rubio (R-FL) as he arrives for a Senate Foreign Relations Committee confirmation hearing to become U.S. Secretary of State.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B136C10D-28FD-4088-B42D-C3A57F0A6E9D.jpg",
        "id": "9848_2",
        "answer": [
            "divesting himself immediately of his Exxon stock",
            "None",
            "reducing conflict of interest"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Rex Tillerson"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_27_3694582",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_27_3694582_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who did the person on the poster in the image replace?",
        "context": "Dual US-Somali Citizen is Somalia's New President-elect \nSomali lawmakers elected a new president Wednesday, choosing a former prime minister who is a dual U.S.-Somali citizen.\nMohamed Abdullahi Mohamed, better known as \"Farmajo,\" was declared the winner after two rounds of voting by the Somali parliament in Mogadishu.\nFarmajo won the largest share of votes in the second round, far outdistancing incumbent leader Hassan Sheikh Mohamud and former president Sheikh Sharif Sheikh Ahmed.\nMohamud conceded defeat after the vote count, and the crowd inside a venue at Mogadishu's international airport erupted into cheers. Witnesses tell VOA's Somali service that celebrations -- and celebratory gunfire -- have broken out in the streets of the Somali capital.\nThe new president was quickly sworn in and pledged to improve security, fight corruption and assist the poor.\nVotes are counted in the first round of the presidential election in Mogadishu, Somalia, Feb. 8, 2017.\nPlanted roots in Buffalo, NY\nFarmajo, 54, has spent much of his adult life in the city of Buffalo, New York, where he raised a family and held various jobs in the the New York state government.\nBut he maintained contact with Somali politics and served eight months as Somali prime minister during 2010 and 2011, at the height of the insurgency by Islamist militant group al-Shabab.\nAl-Shabab threatened to disrupt the voting Wednesday but the election went off peacefully. African Union peacekeepers and government forces imposed tight security, sealing off all roads to the airport. All flights to and from the airport were canceled.\nSomalis walk past a campaign poster for candidate Mohamed Abdullahi Farmaajo on the eve of presidential elections in Mogadishu, Somalia, Feb. 7, 2017. Graft - vote-buying, fraud, intimidation - is the top concern in a nation that Transparency International now rates as the most corrupt in the world.\nAlleged corruption \nAhead of the vote, candidates allegedly paid lawmakers millions of dollars in cash and gifts in an effort to win support. Election organizers had lawmakers drop their ballots in a transparent box, then counted the votes in front of the crowd to head off any charges of trickery.\nFarmajo faces the task of eliminating al-Shabab and stabilizing a country that has seen almost continuous conflict since the early 1990s. Al-Shabab has repeatedly sent suicide bombers into Mogadishu hotels where lawmakers, diplomats and businessmen gather, in an effort to destabilize the fragile government.\nIn addition, aid agencies have warned of a possible famine affecting hundreds of thousands of Somalis due to violence and renewed drought.\nReporters Harun Maruf and Mohamed Olad Hassan of VOA's Somali Service contributed to this report\n",
        "caption": "Somalis walk past a campaign poster for candidate Mohamed Abdullahi Farmaajo on the eve of presidential elections in Mogadishu, Somalia, Feb. 7, 2017. Graft - vote-buying, fraud, intimidation - is the top concern in a nation that Transparency International now rates as the most corrupt in the world.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/4C91CBBC-0E5F-4B77-99DE-97FC9FB3FAF1.jpg",
        "id": "33197_3_2",
        "answer": [
            "Hassan Sheikh Mohamud and former president Sheikh Sharif Sheikh Ahmed"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Farmajo"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_08_3714240",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_08_3714240_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the country of the person with the pink tie in the image do?",
        "context": "Sri Lankan Panel Backs Hybrid Courts for War Crimes\nCOLOMBO, SRI LANKA \u2014\u00a0\nA committee appointed by Sri Lanka's government has recommended that both local and international judges be appointed to the court that will investigate allegations of war crimes from the country's civil war.\nThe U.N. high commissioner for human rights called for a hybrid court in 2015. Sri Lanka agreed to the participation of foreign judges, then backtracked. It now insists that local courts investigate the allegations.\nThe civil war ended in 2009 when Sri Lanka's military crushed the Tamil Tiger rebels who had fought for an independent state for ethnic minority Tamils in the country's north and east. Both sides were accused of war crimes, particularly in the final months of fighting.\nThe recommendation for a hybrid court was made in a report released this week by the Consultation Task Force on Reconciliation Mechanisms, which sought public views on the proposed mechanism for transitional justice and reconciliation.\nThe court should have \"a majority of national judges as well as a sufficient number of international judges\" to ensure at least one foreign judge per bench in case of absences, the task force's report said.\nIt also said foreigners should be part of the office of the Special Counsel of prosecutors and investigators and contribute technical assistance.\nPhasing out foreigners\n\"International participation should be phased out once trust and confidence in domestic mechanism are established and when the required expertise and capacity has been built up, nationally,\" the executive summary of the report said.\nTask force member Gamini Viyangoda said the members were not aware of the government's next step on the recommendations. \"But, we believe this report will pressure the government to take some positive steps, because this report contains the views of the people of this country,\" he told reporters Thursday.\nSri Lanka has faced criticism for failing to properly investigate alleged human rights abuses amounting to war crimes during the final phase of the civil war.\nAccording to U.N. estimates, up to 100,000 people were killed in the 26-year war, but many more are feared dead, including up to 40,000 civilians in the final months of the fighting.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - U.N. High Commissioner for Human Rights Zeid Ra\u2019ad Al Hussein, left, shakes hands with Sri Lankan Prime Minister Ranil Wickremesinghe during their meeting in Colombo, Feb. 9, 2016. The human rights chief was assessing the country's progress in prosecuting alleged war crimes. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/4C471578-87DB-4F7B-8194-EA9775BF9475.jpg",
        "id": "10033_1",
        "answer": [
            "agreed to the participation of foreign judges, then backtracked",
            "None",
            "recommended that both local and international judges be appointed"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Sri Lanka",
            "Ranil Wickremesinghe"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_05_3664798",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_05_3664798_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where is the person in the left of the image talking?",
        "context": "Obama Surprises His Press Secretary at Final White House Briefing\nTHE WHITE HOUSE \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. President Barack Obama surprised his longtime press secretary Josh Earnest, who was just starting to take questions Tuesday at his final, and 354th, briefing of White House reporters. The Brady Press Briefing Room was packed with an overflow crowd of reporters for the farewell event, with some camera men and women standing on chairs to try to get a clear shot.\nObama said he met Earnest during his first presidential campaign in 2007 in Iowa, and gave him a close look because the young man in jeans had an important role in his campaign:\n\"He's just got that all-American, matinee, good-looking thing going. That's helpful, let's face it. Face made for television,\" Obama said. \"Then the guy's name is Josh Earnest, which, if someone is speaking on your behalf, is a pretty good name to have.\"\nObama said the more he got to know Earnest over the past 10 years, the more he valued his genuine interest in the issues and his integrity. He said Earnest has never disappointed. Obama said Earnest deserves to have been voted the most popular White House press secretary ever by the press corps.\nWATCH: Obama Surprises Josh Earnest at White House Briefing\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nObama Surprises Josh Earnest at White House Briefing\nShare this video\n0:01:16\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:16\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 3.8MB\n360p | 4.9MB\n480p | 27.5MB\nFor his part, Earnest thanked his White House colleagues, his wife and 2-year-old son, and said he was aware every day what a privilege it was for him to be the spokesman for the president and to help shape pubic discussion of the issues. Earnest also had praise for his boss, the president, recalling his first impression of Obama back in 2007:\n\"The then-senator was articulating a vision for America that was inclusive, where we tried to transcend a politics that seemed so small that it was not well equipped to take on the challenges our world faces. He was able to take that on and defend the position forcefully. To see this young and young-looking man step onto the stage and almost defiantly articulate his vision, saying there's a whole lot more that united us than divides us, that resonated with me.\"\nEarnest said his job has not always been easy, but he stressed the importance of holding daily briefings in the Brady Press Briefing Room, saying this is a tradition unique to American democracy. He called on members of the White House press corps to try to protect that tradition, saying it sends a powerful symbol of access and transparency to the rest of the world.\nIn a revealing moment, Earnest said it would be difficult for him to watch someone else doing the job.\nIncoming President-Elect Donald Trump has chosen 45-year-old Sean Spicer to be his press secretary. Spicer is currently the communications director for the Republican National Committee. Spicer has said the Trump team is considering moving members of the White House press corps and the daily briefing out of the White House and into a nearby, larger venue.\nSpicer said no decision has been made, and the motivation is to be able to include more journalists in the daily briefing. The White House Correspondents' Association says it will \"object strenuously to any move that would shield the president and his advisers from the scrutiny of an on-site White House press corps.\"\n",
        "caption": "President Barack Obama joins White House press secretary Josh Earnest at his final daily press briefing in the briefing room of the White House in Washington, Jan. 17, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/18E67941-E90F-4032-8421-19EE0AC0BEC2.jpg",
        "id": "496_1",
        "answer": [
            "the Brady Press Briefing Room"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Earnest"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_17_3680300",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_17_3680300_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in the center of the image want?",
        "context": "South Korea Poised for Change Election\nSEOUL \u2014\u00a0\nSouth Korea will elect a new president Tuesday (May 9) following a year of political upheaval in which scandal, protests and impeachment have the public demanding transparency and change.\nLiberal Democratic Party of Korea candidate Moon Jae-in, who was leading in the last public opinion polls with an approval rating over 40 percent, made a final pitch to voters Monday.\n\u201cWithout the united power of our people, [the new administration] will struggle from its first step. We must overcome this crisis with united power,\u201d said Moon.\nHis closest rivals; conservative Liberty Korea Party candidate Hong Joon-pyo and the People\u2019s Party candidate Ahn Cheol-soo, who is also a liberal, were both close to 20 percent in the polls while the other candidates running registered only in the single digits.\nHong made a final plea to voters Monday to unite around him to protect conservative free market and strong on defense policies that have been in place for the last eight years.\n\u201cI stood up to prevent the left-wing from seizing power, and acted to protect a free Republic of Korea. We will win. Truth will beat lies. Our people will win. Justice will beat hypocrisy. The Republic of Korea will win,\u201d said the Liberty Korea Party candidate.\nScandal driven\nThe early presidential election was brought on by the impeachment of conservative then-President Park Guen-hye last December for allegedly colluding with her influential friend, Choi Soon-sil, to force Korean conglomerates to donate nearly $65 million to two dubious foundations as well as funneling funds and side contracts to companies owned by Choi and her friends.\nFor weeks prior to the impeachment vote in the National Assembly, massive peaceful protests, dubbed the Candlelight Revolution, were held across the country to demand Park\u2019s ouster and for reforms to the political system in which powerful conglomerates have undue influence over elected leaders.\nAfter being forced from office, Park was arrested and is being prosecuted for bribery and other charges connected to the scandal. Samsung Group vice chairman Lee Jae-yong and Lotte Group chairman Shin Dong Bin have also been indicted on related graft and collusion charges. \nEconomic reform\nMoon, who is a human rights lawyer, has promised to end the common practice by South Korean leaders to pardon convicted corporate criminals. The Democratic Party candidate has also said he will break up the often opaque ties between big business and the government in the world's 11th largest economy, and wants to increase public sector jobs and raise taxes on the wealthy.\nHis leading liberal rival, Ahn, who is a computer software entrepreneur, has said he would empower the Fair Trade Commission (FTC) to crack down on corporate abuse. But he has also said the government should not be heavy-handed in intervening in the private sector and instead focus on making the markets fair and friendlier for innovation.\nHong has said \u201can anti-business mindset does not help boost the economy.\u201d While he would punish corporate wrongdoings like tax evasion, Hong does not support hampering businesses with unnecessary regulations that would restrict job creation.\nNorth Korea\nThis election could also be a referendum on North Korea policy.\nThe conservatives want to maintain Park\u2019s strong support for the U.S. alliance and for hardline polices that rely only on strong sanctions and military deterrence to pressure the Kim Jong Un government to dismantle its nuclear arsenal in return for economic relief and security guarantees.\nThe two leading liberal candidates want to temper sanctions with dialogue. Moon has also he said would pursue engagement policies such as reopening the jointly run Kaesong Industrial Complex in North Korea, which was closed following Pyongyang\u2019s fourth nuclear test last year.\nThe North Korean ruling party newspaper, Rodong Sinmun, endorsed the more liberal approach, saying in a column Monday, \u201cinter-Korean confrontation, led by the [South Korean] conservatives, should be put to an end, and a new era of unification should open up in collaboration between our race.\u201d\nConservatives maintain that attempts to assist and engage North Korea by past liberal administrations failed to convince Pyongyang to give up its nuclear program. \nU.S. President Donald Trump\u2019s recent criticisms about South Korea, demanding $1 billion for the THAAD missile defense system being deployed on the Korean Peninsula, and calling the U.S.-South Korea free trade agreement a \u201chorrible\u201d deal that needs to be renegotiated, could also depress the conservative vote while energizing liberals who want the next South Korean president to stand up to American pressure.\nMoon has said, however, the U.S.-South Korea alliance is essential for the country\u2019s national security, and he believes Trump also ultimately wants a negotiated settlement.\nYoumi Kim contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - South Korean presidential election candidates (from left) Yoo Seung-min of the Bareun Party, Ahn Cheol-soo of the People's Party, Hong Joon-pyo of the Liberty Korea Party, Moon Jae-in of the Democratic Party of Korea and Sim Sang-jung of the Justice Party.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/CDD142DE-5B99-4A60-AB7F-2BEFA59333B1.jpg",
        "id": "5511_1",
        "answer": [
            "to unite around him to protect conservative free market and strong on defense policies",
            "protect conservative free market and strong on defense policies that have been in place for the last eight years"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Hong",
            "Hong Joon-pyo"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_08_3842146",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_08_3842146_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What do the people in the image fear will be made?",
        "context": "Thousands March Against Moscow Government's Demolition Plans\nMOSCOU \u2014\u00a0\nThousands of protesters took to the streets of Moscow on Sunday to rally against a bill to tear down Soviet-era low-rise apartment buildings.\nProtesters, mostly young and middle couples, gathered on a central street to rally against arguably Russia's largest redevelopment project to pull down entire neighborhoods of Soviet-era prefabricated buildings. City Hall has insisted the buildings are too dilapidated and outdated, while many residents and activists see the plans as a ruse to make way for high-rises in some of Moscow's leafiest neighborhoods.\nThe State Duma rushed to pass the first reading of a bill on the demolition in Moscow last month which will force the residents in what City Hall says are dilapidated blocks to vacate their apartments in exchange for other housing. Faced with growing criticism, the parliamentary speaker, however, suggested postponing the second reading pending a public debate.\nCarrying placards \"No to the demolition of the constitution!\" and the flags of their neighborhoods, Muscovites chanted \"Resign!\" in reference to Moscow's mayor and City Hall. Police estimated turnout at Sunday's rally as low as 5,000 people while volunteers of the White Counter group, which attends opposition rallies to provide independent crowd tallies, said just over 20,000 people showed up.\nAlexei Matveyev, a 36-year-old bank clerk from a north Moscow neighborhood, carried a placard reading \"No to violation of the constitution and property law.\" He said the bill under discussion is rushed and disregards residents' interests.\n\"People who live in these blocks bought the apartments in order to live in quiet leafy low-rises,\" Matveyev said. \"We are happy in our house. We don't want to live in tower blocks.\"\nFyodor Markushevich, a 40-year-old father of four, lives in a neighborhood in Moscow's west which has been recently taken off the list for re-development but he fears that once the bill passes the redevelopment plans would be redrafted again.\n\"Everyone is sick of it,\" he said. \"We understand that we live in a city where everything is done for profit and it's hard to change that.\"\nThe five-story pre-fabricated buildings to be torn down, known as \"khrushchevki\" after Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev, were built in the 1950s and 1960s to tackle an acute housing crisis. The demolition plans, however, ignored some of the city's most dilapidated housing in less attractive neighborhoods but included good quality apartment buildings in what have recently become expensive neighborhoods.\nUnder the plan proposed by Mayor Sergei Sobyanin, about 5,000 low-rises will be torn down in the next several years to make way for new developments. The mayor insisted that residents would be offered housing of the equal size in the same neighborhoods, but residents fear that they will be expelled from their quiet, comfortable neighborhoods to high-rises. The first blocks are due to be demolished before the end of the year, and Sobyanin said some residents would be relocated as early as this fall.\nWhile authorities insist that the buildings wouldn't be demolished if residents vote against it, residents have been skeptical pointing to how the voting on Moscow's government website has been rigged in the past.\n",
        "caption": "Residents protest against the decision by authorities to demolish soviet five-storey houses in Moscow, May 14, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/87C5F9DA-F6CF-4657-B918-C906E6D125E4.jpg",
        "id": "19730_1",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "high-rises"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "residents",
            "Residents"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_14_3851166",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_14_3851166_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the owners of the place in the image do?",
        "context": "US Reviewing Venezuela's Seizure of GM Assets\nU.S. officials are reviewing Venezuela's seizure of General Motors' assets in the country, U.S. State Department spokesman Mark Toner said Thursday.\n\"We are reviewing the details of the case,\" Toner said in a statement, saying the United States hoped to resolve the matter \"rapidly and transparently.\"\nGM said Wednesday that Venezuelan authorities had taken over its plant in the industrial hub of Valencia, adding that it was halting operations and laying off 2,700 workers due to the \"illegal judicial seizure of its assets.\"\nThe largest U.S. automaker vowed to \"take all legal actions\" to defend its rights. The seizure comes amid a deepening economic crisis in leftist-led Venezuela that has already roiled many U.S. companies.\nThe seizure is the result of a civil dispute with a Venezuelan concessionaire dating back to 2000 and does not represent a nationalization as such, according to local media reports.\nWorkers of General Motors listen during a meeting with government officials at the company's plant in Valencia, Venezuela, April 20, 2017.\nGM, the market leader in Venezuela for 35 years, said in a statement that in addition to the plant seizure \"other assets of the company, such as vehicles, have been illegally taken from its facilities.\"\nTotal auto production in Venezuela fell to a historic low of 2,849 cars in 2016, nearly 75 percent less than the year before, according to Venezuela's automotive industry group.\nIn the first two months of 2017, GM has not produced any vehicles, while total Venezuelan auto production was just 240 vehicles, down 50 percent over the same period last year. The New York Times reported the GM plant had been closed for the last six weeks as a result of a takeover by members of one of its unions.\nNearly all vehicles built in Venezuela in the first two months this year were assembled by Toyota Motor Corp, which said Thursday that its plant was operating normally.\nBut a spokesman added the automaker was \"only producing based on orders that come in.\"\nVenezuela's car industry has been hit by a lack of raw materials stemming from complex currency controls.\nIn early 2015, Ford Motor Co wrote off its investment in Venezuela when it took an $800 million pre-tax writedown. The company said Thursday it was not producing vehicles in Venezuela.\nThe South American nation's economic crisis has hurt many other U.S. companies, including food makers and pharmaceutical firms. A growing number are removing their Venezuelan operations from their consolidated accounts.\n",
        "caption": "A worker leaves the General Motors' plant in Valencia, Venezuela, April 20, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D6F735AD-6E7B-452F-A410-0CD8753404DF.jpg",
        "id": "21006_1",
        "answer": [
            "laying off 2,700 workers",
            "None",
            "halting operations and laying off 2,700 workers"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "General Motors' plant",
            "plant"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_20_3819164",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_20_3819164_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What type of place is the place in the image?",
        "context": "Mississippi Military Park Preserves 'Gibraltar of the Confederacy'\nDriving around the hallowed grounds at Vicksburg National Military Park in the state of Mississippi reminded National Parks traveler Mikah Meyer of another famous battlefield: Gettysburg, in Pennsylvania. The Battle of Gettysburg was the bloodiest battle of the American Civil War and where President Abraham Lincoln gave his immortal \"Gettysburg Address.\"\nGettysburg of the south\n\u201cHaving lived in Maryland before this trip, which is very close to Gettysburg -- one of the most popular battlefields to visit -- I heard people often talk about Vicksburg as kind of a similar experience... just in the South,\u201d Mikah said.\nTour Vicksburg National Military Park:\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nPark preserves Civil War's turning point\nShare this video\n0:01:51\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:51\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 5.2MB\n360p | 8.3MB\n720p | 46.1MB\n1080p | 31.7MB\nLike Gettysburg, Vicksburg is a large battlefield site, with licensed national park guides who cheerfully help visitors navigate the grounds.\nMikah, who\u2019s on a mission to visit all of the more than 400 sites within the National Park Service, says he felt lucky to have had \"one of their best guides,\u201d David Maggio, who accompanied Mikah during his drive around the battlefield to explain the significance of the site.\nVicksburg is the key!\nLocated high on the bluffs, Vicksburg was a fortress guarding the Mississippi River, and known as \"The Gibraltar of the Confederacy.\"\nAs the National Park Service explains it, at the time of the Civil War, the Mississippi River was the single most important economic feature of the continent -- the very lifeblood of America. Upon the secession of the southern states, Confederate forces closed the river to navigation, which threatened to strangle northern commercial interests.\nPresident Abraham Lincoln told his civilian and military leaders, \"See what a lot of land these fellows hold, of which Vicksburg is the key! The war can never be brought to a close until that key is in our pocket...\"\n47 day siege\nHistorians say the battle that took place at Vicksburg between the Union (northern) and Confederate (southern) armies was a turning point in America's civil war.\nThis photograph taken at Vicksburg National Military Park shows the \u201cno man\u2019s land\u201d area between Confederate and Union Lines. The white column in the far distance is one of many state monuments that honor the fallen soldiers from that state.\n\u201cIt was actually a 47 day siege,\u201d Mikah explained. \u201cThe Union was trying to control access of the entire Mississippi River\u2026 so the only thing stopping them from having a complete shipping route was this last Confederate stronghold at Vicksburg.\u201d\nAware that the Union army was planning to take Vicksburg, the Confederates built a perimeter around the entire city, so that when the Union came the defenders would have more of a buffer zone. They were fortified so well, apparently, that despite various attacks, General Ulysses S. Grant and his soldiers were never able to penetrate them.\nWar tactics\n\u201cSo rather than beat them, they (Union Army) just laid siege to their fortifications for 47 days until they ran out of food and ran out of clean water,\u201d Mikah explained. \u201cThere were examples of everything from General Grant throwing dead animals in the creeks that supplied them water so that it would spoil their water and poison them\u2026 to kind of really starve and dehydrate them into giving up, which they eventually did after 47 days.\u201d\nThe National Park Service states that Vicksburg\u2019s surrender on July 4, 1863, coupled with the fall of Port Hudson, Louisiana a few days later, divided the South, and gave the North undisputed control of the Mississippi River, thus providing President Lincoln with the highly coveted key to victory.\nMikah parked his 'home away from home' in front of the Illinois Memorial at Vicksburg National Military Park. The 47 steps leading up to the rotunda commemorate the 47 days of the siege of Vicksburg.\nToday, Vicksburg National Cemetery, spread out across 47 hectares (116 acres), holds the remains of 17,000 Union soldiers. The first national cemeteries established by Congress in 1862 were to provide a burial place for \"soldiers who shall die in the service of the country,\" so that applied only to Union troops.\nConfederate dead from the Vicksburg campaign, originally buried behind Confederate lines, were re-interred in the Vicksburg City Cemetery, in an area called \"Soldiers' Rest.\" Approximately 5,000 Confederates have been re-interred there, of which 1,600 are identified.\nHistoric accuracy\nMikah observed that the battlefield is an extremely well laid-out park and very historically accurate \u201cbecause it was turned into a park in the 1800s, so when they were creating it, they had soldiers from both the Union and the Confederate fill out maps, and basically put markings where their unit was.\u201d\n\u201cSo as you drive around now, there's a stone marker in every single place that there was a unit.\u201d\nThese cannons sit at what was the largest of the Union lines\u2019 artillery emplacements.\nThere are also many stone monuments where those units were\u2026 and \u201cevery state that had people in the battle also built a memorial, so you have these really gorgeous memorials that are set up all around the perimeter of this battle,\u201d Mikah added.\nVisiting Vicksburg, \u201cwas a very unique experience,\u201d Mikah said, \u201cand thus far, one of the most interesting and most well-told battles of the Civil War\u201d that he's seen.\nMikah invites you to learn more about his travels across America by visiting his website, Facebook and Instagram.\n",
        "caption": "Vicksburg National Military Park preserves the site of the Battle of Vicksburg, a turning point in America's Civil War, waged from May 18 to July 4, 1863.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/5F7CEBE4-1658-4E89-B758-AD1AE00E309B.jpg",
        "id": "22429_1",
        "answer": [
            "battlefield",
            "None",
            "a large battlefield site"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Vicksburg National Military Park",
            "Vicksburg"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_27_3777375",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_27_3777375_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in camouflage in the image admit?",
        "context": "US Commander Expects Counter-IS Forces to Take Mosul, Raqqa in 6 Months \nPENTAGON \u2014\u00a0\nThe top U.S. commander on the ground in Iraq says that he expects counter-Islamic State forces to retake the cities of Mosul and Raqqa from the terror group within the next six months.\nSpeaking north of Baghdad Wednesday, U.S. Army Lt. Gen. Stephen Townsend said Islamic State fighters will still be around in the next few months \u201cbut they can't lay claim that they have a physical caliphate.\u201d\nIraqi forces have retaken control of Mosul east of the Tigris River and are expected to soon move into the western part of the city. Mosul is Iraq's second-largest city and the most populated city taken by Islamic State forces.\nRaqqa almost surrounded\nAs for Raqqa, the U.S.-led coalition expects Islamic State's de facto capital to be isolated \u201cwithin the next few weeks,\u201d coalition spokesman Col. John Dorrian told reporters via teleconference from Baghdad Wednesday.\nAnti-IS fighters are pushing into Raqqa from the north, northeast and northwest.\nWhen pressed on whether the city could be \u201cisolated\u201d without anti-IS fighters pushing into the city from the south, Dorrian said that although Raqqa would not be completely encircled, \u201cit will be very difficult to get into or out of the city.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "U.S. Army Lt. Gen. Stephen Townsend (center right) speaks with an Iraqi officer during a visit to an area north of Baghdad, Feb. 8, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B67EFAC9-4A78-4DA3-B9A7-C2F4DA775162.jpg",
        "id": "29144_1",
        "answer": [
            "Islamic State fighters will still be around in the next few months"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "U.S. Army Lt. Gen. Stephen Townsend"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_08_3715091",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_08_3715091_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What person criticized the efforts of the country to talk with the people in the image?",
        "context": "Russia Hints at Involving US in Talks on Afghanistan\nISLAMABAD \u2014\u00a0\nRussia has hinted at involving the United States in a newly-launched regional dialogue Moscow says is aimed at seeking a negotiated settlement to the conflict in Afghanistan. The move comes as Afghanistan\u2019s national security adviser is due to visit Moscow to discuss the prospects for promoting reconciliation with armed opposition in his country.\nMoscow\u2019s stepped up Afghan diplomacy stems from its concerns that a protracted conflict is encouraging Islamic State militants to establish a foothold in the war-torn country and export terrorism to neighboring Central Asian states that ultimately could threaten Russian security.\nIn December, the Russian government hosted senior foreign ministry officials from China and Pakistan for the first time to discuss ways to encourage direct talks between the Afghan government and the Taliban. The participants also exchanged views on how to collectively work to contain \u201cspillover\u201d effects of terrorism.\nKabul strongly objected being left out of the trilateral meeting, however, while U.S. officials also questioned Russia\u2019s intentions for organizing the talks.\nThe criticism and skepticism prompted Moscow to expand the format of the dialogue to include Afghanistan, along with Iran and India, in the next meeting it hosted last month.\nFILE - Afghanistan's National Security Adviser Haneef Atmar, at the time the country's interior minister, is seen during a press conference at the Interior Ministry in Kabul, July 18, 2009. Atmar will visit Moscow March 17 for talks with Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov.\nInvolving more partners\n\u201cAt its next stage we think it will be important to, in a timely fashion, involve in that same process our Central Asian partners as well as the United States,\u201d said Vladimir Safronkov, the Russian deputy ambassador to the United Nations, on Friday. He was addressing a U.N. Security Council meeting on the situation in Afghanistan.\nSafronkov reiterated that the consultations are working out \u201ca single regional approach\u201d to \u201creinvigorate\u201d the Afghan reconciliation process.\nHe made the remarks on a day when the Russian Foreign Ministry announced that Afghan National Security Adviser Haneef Atmar will visit Moscow March 17 for talks with Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov.\n\u201cThe officials will discuss the security situation and prospects for promoting national reconciliation in Afghanistan, as well as ways to develop multilateral cooperation within the Moscow format of regional consultations on Afghanistan,\u201d the ministry said.\nFILE - Taliban fighters react to a speech by their leader in the Shindand district of Herat province, Afghanistan, May 27, 2016. While Afghan officials and the U.S. military welcome Russian peace efforts, they are critical of Moscow\u2019s contacts with the Taliban.\nRussia-Taliban contacts not welcome\nWhile Afghan officials and the U.S. military welcome Russian peace efforts, they are critical of Moscow\u2019s overt contacts with the Taliban.\nRussia maintains that \u201cthe limited contacts\u201d with the Taliban are meant to encourage the group to join Kabul-led peace efforts and to ensure security of Russian citizens in the country.\nBut General John Nicholson, U.S. commander of foreign forces in Afghanistan, told a congressional hearing last month that Russian attempts to overtly legitimize the Taliban are based on arguments that the insurgents, and not Afghan forces, are effectively fighting IS militants. He dismissed those assertions as misleading and said Moscow is only trying to undermine U.S.-led counterterrorism efforts in the region.\nSpeaking in India earlier this week, National Security Adviser Atmar said his government continues to warn Moscow that any assistance to the Taliban will not be seen as \u201ca gesture of friendship\" toward Afghanistan. \n\u201cThey [Russia] are assuring us that this is not the case. All they want to do is to facilitate peace in Afghanistan and second a counter-response to Daesh. There we disagree. We say the best response to Daesh is state-to-state relations and cooperation, you cannot get it from non-state actors. Don\u2019t expect a terrorist to be taking on another terrorist,\u201d explained Atmar, using the Arabic acronym for IS.\nAfghan officials in the country\u2019s northern border provinces have also lately alleged that Russia is helping the Taliban establish training camps in their areas.\nSecurity forces inspect the site of an Islamic State-claimed attack on a military hospital in Kabul, Afghanistan, March 8, 2017. \"Don\u2019t expect a terrorist to be taking on another terrorist,\u201d says Afghanistan's National Security Adviser Haneef Atmar referring to Russia's alleged effort to turn the Taliban against Islamic State militants.\nRussia says allegations \u2018absurd\u2019\nThe Russian Foreign Ministry on Friday responded to what it dismissed as baseless allegations and U.S. criticism.\n\"The distribution of such absurd inventions revealed a staged campaign to discredit our country, during which the Afghan and world community is thrown the thesis of Russia 'undermining' international anti-terrorist efforts in Afghanistan,\u201d according to a statement published on the ministry\u2019s website.\nIt went on to assert that the campaign is to \u201cdivert attention from accountability for the numerous mistakes in more than 16 years of foreign military presence in Afghanistan.\u201d\nMoscow blames the U.S.-led international efforts for the worsening Afghan security conditions that it says allowed IS to find space in the country.\nAfghan security forces backed by American airpower have conducted successful major operations against IS over the last year and confined the terrorist group to less than three districts in the eastern Nangarhar province, according to a latest U.S. military assessment. It says the number of IS fighters also has been reduced to about 700 from an estimated 3,000 a year ago.\nSpeaking on Friday at the U.N. Security Council meeting, though, Russia\u2019s Safronkov challenged those assessments.\n\u201cWe think that there are some three-and-a-half-thousand active members of [Islamic State] operating in the country. The realistic figure given all the cells operating could be much higher,\u201d he said. The Russian ambassador contradicted U.S. assessments and asserted that IS is active in more than one Afghan province.\n\u201cTheir main regions of action are Helmand, Kandahar, Faryab, Bagram, Kunduz. So we would call everyone to devote to that problem heightened attention and not to try and somehow gloss it over to ignore it,\u201d Safronkov said..\nIS has stepped up attacks in Afghanistan and took credit for Wednesday's suicide attack on the country's largest military hospital in Kabul. The assault left more than 50 people dead and scores of others wounded.\nRussian envoy Safronkov asserted that the Kabul attack is more proof of the expanding and strengthening structure of IS in Afghanistan.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Taliban fighters react to a speech by their leader in the Shindand district of Herat province, Afghanistan, May 27, 2016. While Afghan officials and the U.S. military welcome Russian peace efforts, they are critical of Moscow\u2019s contacts with the Taliban.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/6F0EFC29-CBA6-4903-9961-0C24399BC29A.jpg",
        "id": "619_3",
        "answer": [
            "John Nicholson",
            "General John Nicholson"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Taliban fighters",
            "Russian"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_11_3761498",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_11_3761498_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who else did the man on the right discuss the topic with?",
        "context": "Qatar Seeks US Backing for Negotiations With Saudis\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nQatar\u2019s foreign minister says Doha is interested in negotiating an end to the standoff with regional forces, as long as it doesn\u2019t interfere with the country\u2019s sovereignty.\nSheikh Mohammed bin Abdulrahman Al Thani spoke at the Arab Center in Washington this week, two days after meeting with Secretary of State Rex Tillerson regarding the tiny Gulf nation\u2019s growing dispute with Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Egypt and several other nations.\nWatch: Qatar Willing to Negotiate, Will Not Give Up Sovereignty\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nQatar Says It is Willing to Negotiate But Will Not Give Up Sovereignty\nShare this video\n0:02:08\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:08\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 6.2MB\n360p | 9.2MB\n720p | 59.1MB\n1080p | 40.3MB\nOn June 5, the Saudi-led group suspended all relations and accused Qatar of supporting extremist groups and destabilizing the region. Qatar has denied all such claims.\nAl Thani said Qatar is willing to sit down for negotiations with the other regional forces, \u201cso long as there is no interference in its sovereignty.\u201d\n\u201cQatar and the U.S. agreed that the best way is to pursue a negotiating path, not ultimatums,\u201d he added.\nA busy round of diplomatic meetings\nThe U.S. has played a vital role for Qatar, Al Thani said, adding that he hopes Washington will exert pressure on the Arab states blockading Qatar, and get them to negotiate, not dictate, to their smaller neighbor.\nIt\u2019s been a busy week in Washington, as Tillerson also has met with top officials from Kuwait and Saudi Arabia to urge on negotiations to end the crisis.\nIn the background of those talks at the State Department, another voice was heard from Capitol Hill earlier in the week. Senator Bob Corker, chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, said he would be willing to block U.S. arms sales to Saudi Arabia, Qatar and their neighbors in the Gulf Cooperation Council, if that would push them toward ending their standoff, since all are important American allies in the region.\n\u201cBefore we provide any further clearances during the informal review period on sales of lethal military equipment to the GCC states, we need a better understanding of the path to resolve the current dispute,\u201d Corker said in a letter to Tillerson.\nThe threat to block weapons deals may help Tillerson\u2019s efforts to persuade the feuding parties to move toward an agreement.\nTillerson: Get issues on the table\n\u201cOur role has been to encourage the parties to get their issues on the table, clearly articulated,\u201d Tillerson said, \u201cso that those issues can be addressed and some resolution process can get under way to bring this to a conclusion.\u201d\nThe Saudi-led coalition, however, has shown no willingness to ease the 13-point list of demands that the group sent to Qatar. Among other things, the Saudis and their partners insist Qatar must downgrade its relations with Iran and close the Qatari-state-funded Al Jazeera news network.\nSteve Grand, executive director of Middle East Strategy Task Force at the Atlantic Council, said such demands appear to be unrealistic.\n\u201cThe kind of demands that have been made of Qatar, and the way in which those demands were made, would not produce the kind of results that is desired,\u201d Grand said. \u201cI don\u2019t think the Qataris are just going to accede to the many demands that have been placed upon them,\u201d he added.\nHe argued that the current disunity within the Gulf Cooperation Council, which had until recently been a model of positive regional cooperation, is harmful to both the Gulf states and to U.S. interests in the region.\nQatar, on the Arabian Peninsula, hosts the largest U.S. military base in the region, Al Udeid Air Base, with about 11,000 U.S. military personnel, while Bahrain, which is allied with Saudi Arabia in its anti-Qatar stance, is home port for the U.S. Fifth Fleet.\n",
        "caption": "Secretary of State Rex Tillerson (right) meets with \u200eQatari Foreign Minister Sheikh Mohammed bin Abdulrahman Al Thani, June 27, 2017, at the State Department in Washington.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/8AFC79C8-A7FD-4BB4-A5F9-E52A7F52FB96.jpg",
        "id": "31708_1",
        "answer": [
            "top officials from Kuwait and Saudi Arabia"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Tillerson"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_30_3922540",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_30_3922540_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What were the people in the image given?",
        "context": "Israeli Forces Work to Clear West Bank Settlement\nIsraeli security forces continued working Thursday to clear the last remaining people from an illegal Jewish settlement in the West Bank.\nThe operation to clear the Amona outpost began Wednesday with police confronting hundreds of residents and protesters who set up barricades and threw stones at officers.\nAngry protesters and settlers yelled at the police that \u201cJews don\u2019t expel Jews.\u201d About 20 officers were hurt.\nBy Thursday, the focus was on the synagogue in Amona where remaining settlers had planted themselves inside.\nIsrael\u2019s Supreme Court ruled in 2014 that the Amona settlement was built on private Palestinian land and would have to be demolished by February 8. Ultra-conservative Israeli officials fought to reverse the ruling.\nOn Tuesday, Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu approved 3,000 new homes for the evacuated settlers and others elsewhere in the West Bank.\nJewish settlers run from police outside the Amona outpost in the West Bank, Feb. 1, 2017. The military issued eviction orders the day before, telling residents to evacuate Amona within 48 hours and blocked roads leading to the outpost.\nAs Amona's uprooted residents and their supporters bemoaned their fate, Arabs in a neighboring Palestinian village clapped and shook hands. Ibrahim Yakoob, 56, a Palestinian farmer who is part owner of the land that Amona occupied, told reporters: \"It feels great to see settlers being taken off my land and their caravans removed. The court has done a good thing, although it has taken a long time.\"\nIsrael's Supreme Court ruled in 2014 that the Amona settlement had been built on private Palestinian land and would have to be demolished, over the objections of ultraconservative Israeli officials who fought to reverse the ruling.\nAmona, in the West Bank\nAmona is the largest of about 100 unauthorized outposts erected in the West Bank without permission but \u2014 until now \u2014 generally tolerated by the Israeli government. Built in the 1990s, Amona stretches out over a rugged, grassy hilltop and looks out across a valley onto Palestinian villages.\nPalestinians say Jewish settlements on land they want as part of a future state are a major impediment to peace. Israel says the Palestinians' refusal to recognize the Jewish state is blocking Mideast peace.\nSettlers burn tires outside the Amona outpost in the West Bank, Feb. 1, 2017. The military issued eviction orders the day before, telling residents to evacuate Amona within 48 hours and blocked roads leading to the outpost.\nIsrael was furious when the United States, under former President Barack Obama, abstained instead of vetoing a U.N. Security Council resolution in December calling the settlements illegal and demanding that Israel stop building them.\nThe new Trump White House has so far been silent on Israeli settlement construction, but Jewish settlers told reporters Wednesday that they expected the new U.S. administration would not stand in the way of a new wave of settlements in the West Bank.\nSettler families leave their homes in the West Bank outpost of Amona, Feb. 1, 2017. Israeli forces have begun evacuating the controversial settlement, which is the largest of about 100 outposts erected in the West Bank without permission.\n\"After eight years of Obama, who didn't let us build, now we'll say, 'We will build and build,' \" said Shilo Adler, who heads the Yesha Council, which represents Jewish settlers in the West Bank.\n\"Now is history-making time,\" Adler told a reporter for The Washington Post. He said the settlers were seeking 100,000 new homes \u2014 which would at least double the Jewish population in the West Bank \u2014 on land the Palestinians seek for a future nation.\n",
        "caption": "Settler families leave their homes in the West Bank outpost of Amona, Feb. 1, 2017. Israeli forces have begun evacuating the controversial settlement, which is the largest of about 100 outposts erected in the West Bank without permission.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/2536E30C-E110-4F40-9FA7-E9A3966C720B.jpg",
        "id": "8342_5",
        "answer": [
            "new homes",
            "3,000 new homes"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Settler families",
            "settlers"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_01_3702375",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_01_3702375_5"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the group in the image represent?",
        "context": "US Scientists Taking Up Unusual Role as Protesters\nA Facebook group promoting a Washington \"March for Science\" has drawn more than 600,000 followers in just a few days.\nResearchers are increasingly stepping into the uncomfortable roles of advocates as early actions from the Trump administration set off alarm bells in the scientific community.\n\"This is first time in my career I've seen scientists this energized and active,\" says Chris McEntee, executive director of the American Geophysical Union, the professional society of 60,000 Earth and space scientists.\nPresident Donald Trump has a long Twitter history calling climate change a hoax. His cabinet appointees have questioned the scientific consensus that human activity is the main driver of climate change. His transition team asked for the names of all Department of Energy employees working on the issue, a request the outgoing department chief refused.\nSince the inauguration, news reports have described a halt in grants and contracts at the Environmental Protection Agency and a silencing of communications from the EPA, as well as the Department of the Interior and the Department of Agriculture. The EPA's climate change website was reported to be targeted for removal, though it currently remains in place.\nIn a statement, an EPA spokesperson said a \"short pause\" in communications is \"common practice for any new administration,\" and said grant-making would resume by Friday.\nBut many scientists say they are fed up.\n\"These actions are absurd and cannot be allowed to stand as policy,\" said the organizers of the March for Science in an emailed statement.\nSupport for the march \"grew far faster than we anticipated,\" the statement said.\n\"We have obviously struck a chord,\" said one of the organizers, Jonathan Max Berman, in a Facebook post as page membership zoomed past a half million.\nBut it's been a long time coming, said Rush Holt, head of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the world's largest scientific society.\n\"In recent decades, ideology has been crowding out evidence,\" and not just in the climate change debate. The spread of \"fake news\" is a symptom of \"a loss of reverence for evidence,\" Holt adds. A study by AAAS and the Pew Research Center found a gap in attitudes between scientists and the public on issues from vaccine safety to genetically modified foods and beyond.\nAAAS and AGU have both issued statements of concern about the reports of muzzling of government scientists.\n\"I hope this is just a mistake from inexperience,\" Holt says. \"If this is a trial balloon of a policy to be put in place, then we want to make it clear right from the beginning that it's unacceptable.\"\n\"It's just caused a lot of fear and uncertainty about intrusions into scientific integrity,\" McEntee adds.\nScientists aren't usually protesters, according to Georgia Tech climate scientist Kim Cobb. Cobb was part of an unusual rally for climate science at the AGU meeting in San Francisco last December. \n\"They want to view themselves as objective information deliverers,\" not advocates, Cobb says. Plus, some climate researchers who do speak out in defense of their findings have come under withering personal attack.\nOrganizers made the March for Science Facebook page invitation-only in anticipation of such attacks. That discourages many from speaking up, she adds. But \"many scientists are beginning to realize the price that we pay for removing ourselves from this conversation.\"\nNo date has been set yet for the March for Science. A separate People's Climate March is scheduled for April 29.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Researchers and supporters hold signs at a rally during the American Geophysical Union meeting in San Francisco, California, Dec., 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/88816B88-E6A1-4351-82F0-F91076BA683B.jpg",
        "id": "15214_1",
        "answer": [
            "60,000 Earth and space scientists",
            "None",
            "March for Science"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "American Geophysical Union",
            "Researchers and supporters"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_26_3694489",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_26_3694489_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person with the striped tie in the image do?",
        "context": "Facing Congressional Inquiries, Trump Blames Media for His Troubles\nWHITE HOUSE \u2014\u00a0\nStock markets tumbled, the dollar's value sank and worried Republicans wondered what else could go wrong Wednesday as President Donald Trump faced congressional inquiries into allegations he tried to derail an FBI investigation of former national security adviser Michael Flynn and disclosed classified intelligence to Russia.\n\"Nobody knows where this really goes from here,\" one White House official told Politico, a Washington political news site. \"What is next?\"\nOn the other side of the partisan divide, a small but growing number of Democrats are speaking openly about impeachment, arguing that Trump obstructed justice when he asked then-FBI Director James Comey to \"go easy\" in its probe of Flynn's ties to Russia.\nThat story, first broken by The New York Times, came on the heels of a Washington Post report saying Trump had discussed highly sensitive intelligence information supplied by Israel to two Russian diplomats during an Oval Office meeting last week.\nFILE - U.S. President Donald Trump meets with Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov, left, next to Russian Ambassador to the U.S. Sergei Kislyak at the White House in Washington, May 10, 2017. (Russian Foreign Ministry photo via AP)\nTrump, meanwhile, seemed stung by the one-two punch of negative stories. His Twitter feed, which has been a much-used mode of reply to negative news coverage, was quiet.\nThe president ignored shouted questions from reporters Wednesday as he left the White House to address a graduation ceremony at the U.S. Coast Guard Academy in Connecticut, where a complaint about media coverage was his only reference to the controversy swirling around him.\n\"Look at the way I've been treated lately, especially by the media,\" he said. \"No politician in history has been treated worse or more unfairly.\"\nAfterward, speaking to reporters aboard Air Force One, White House spokesman Sean Spicer brushed aside questions about the congressional inquiries. He referred all questioners to the administration's only comment so far, a terse written statement that says \"the president never asked Mr. Comey or anyone else to end any investigation.\" The statement describes The New York Times account as \"not a truthful or accurate portrayal of the conversation between the president on Mr. Comey.\"\nLawmakers weigh in\nOn Capitol Hill Wednesday, lawmakers of both parties paraded to microphones to weigh in on Trump's travails. Republican Senator John McCain was quoted as saying the current scandal is reaching a \"Watergate size and scale,\" a reference to the scandal that forced President Richard Nixon from office.\nHouse Speaker Paul Ryan of Wisconsin, accompanied by Rep. Cathy McMorris Rodgers, R-Wash., takes questions from reporters at Republican National Committee Headquarters in Washington, May 17, 2017.\nHouse Speaker Paul Ryan urged his fellow lawmakers to \"dispassionately do our jobs and make sure the investigations follow the facts where they may lead.\" When a reporter asked afterward whether he still supports the president, Ryan was reported to have answered, \"I do.\"\nSenate Democratic leader Charles Schumer called for appointment of a special prosecutor to take charge of an independent investigation. \"Concerns about our national security, the rule of law, the independence of our nation's highest law enforcement agencies, are mounting in this land,\" Schumer said. \"The country is being tested in unprecedented ways.\"\nRepresentative Al Green, a Democrat, spoke on the House floor, saying that following the latest revelations, he had made up his mind to join fellow Democratic Representative Maxine Waters in calling for Trump's impeachment. \"This is where I stand, I will not be moved. The president must be impeached,\" Green said.\nThe river of congressional concern over Trump's actions turned to a flood after House Oversight Committee Chairman Jason Chaffetz, a Trump loyalist, demanded Tuesday that acting FBI Director Andrew McCabe produce within a week all information it has related to the Comey-Trump meeting at the White House. Chaffetz said Wednesday he was inviting Comey to appear before the committee when hearings begin May 24.\nFILE - Sen. Richard Blumenthal, D-Conn., and other Democrats respond to questions from reporters about President Donald Trump reportedly sharing classified information with two Russian diplomats during a meeting in the Oval Office on Capitol Hill in Washington, May 16, 2017.\nSenator Richard Blumenthal, a Democrat, urged Trump to immediately release all information that could refute Comey's charges.\n\"We are watching in real time an obstruction of justice case unfolding and the president of the United States has an obligation to be more forthcoming with any tapes, memos, memoranda, but in the meantime, there need to be subpoenas that will make sure all of this evidence is preserved and produced,\" Blumenthal said.\nPaper trail\nThe initial New York Times report published late Tuesday said Comey had written a memo detailing his conversation with Trump, which was part of a paper trail Comey created to document his perception that the president's request was improper.\nThe Times reported that an FBI agent's contemporaneous notes are widely held up in court as credible evidence of conversations.\nFormer FBI Assistant Director Ron Hosko, now president of the Law Enforcement Legal Defense Fund, said he thinks Trump may have underestimated Comey who, as a career FBI investigator, had been trained to make copious notes of his conversations. Hosko expressed skepticism, however, that Trump's request to \"go easy\" on the Flynn probe would rise to the level of obstruction of justice.\n\"There was no real result. There was presumably no conspiracy, no third party involved,\" Hosko told VOA. \"It was treated as a casual, if regrettable, conversation or comment by the president. Certainly, it should never have been made. But I think most people would say that, alone, would fall short of a crime.\"\nVOA's Jeff Seldin in Washington contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - U.S. President Donald Trump meets with Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov, left, next to Russian Ambassador to the U.S. Sergei Kislyak at the White House in Washington, May 10, 2017. (Russian Foreign Ministry photo via AP)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F70CAC66-0414-472C-91E9-27140282FE93.jpg",
        "id": "18640_2",
        "answer": [
            "derail an FBI investigation of former national security adviser Michael Flynn and disclosed classified intelligence to Russia",
            "ignored shouted questions from reporters Wednesday as he left the White House to address a graduation ceremony at the U.S. Coast Guard Academy in Connecticut",
            "faced congressional inquiries into allegations"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "President Donald Trump",
            "Donald Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_17_3854236",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_17_3854236_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What day did the person with the black tie in the image speak?",
        "context": "Cancellation of Hearing on Russia Adds to Friction on House Intelligence Panel\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nKey U.S. lawmakers appear locked into a war of words over halting progress in their investigation into Russian interference in the 2016 presidential election campaign.\nThe latest skirmish was sparked by the abrupt cancellation Friday of an open hearing set to feature top former intelligence officials. House Intelligence Committee Chairman Devin Nunes, a California Republican, argued that it was instead necessary to hear closed-door testimony from the directors of the FBI and the National Security Agency.\n\"The committee seeks additional information ... that can only be addressed in closed session,\" Nunes told reporters during a hastily arranged news conference.\nWord of the change ignited criticism from congressional Democrats, who pointed out FBI Director James Comey and NSA Director Admiral Mike Rogers had already testified on Monday.\nFILE - FBI Director James Comey, left, joined by National Security Agency Director Mike Rogers, testifies on Capitol Hill in Washington before the House Intelligence Committee on allegations of Russian interference in the 2016 U.S. presidential election campaign, March 20, 2017.\nDuring that hearing, Comey confirmed for the first time that officials were investigating possible connections between the President Donald Trump's campaign team and Russia.\n'A dodge'\n\"I don't think anyone should have any question about what is really going on here,\" said Representative Adam Schiff of California, the top-ranking Democrat on the Intelligence Committee. He called the cancellation of the hearing with former Director of National Intelligence James Clapper and former CIA Director John Brennan \"a dodge.\" \nHe also described Nunes' announcement that former Trump campaign manager Paul Manafort had agreed to speak with the intelligence committee as a ploy aimed at deflecting attention.\nFILE - Paul Manafort, then a senior aide to Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump, leaves the Four Seasons hotel in New York, after a GOP fundraiser, June 9, 2016.\n\"There must have been a very strong pushback from the White House,\" Schiff said, referring to the initial hearing with the FBI and NSA directors. \"It's hard for me to come to any other conclusion about why an agreed upon hearing would be suddenly canceled. ... What other explanation can there be?\"\nRussia has consistently denied U.S. intelligence community assertions that it tried to influence the outcome of the presidential election.\nTrump has also pushed back against the allegations, arguing they have been driven by Democratic Party officials making excuses for why their candidate, Hillary Clinton, lost.\nTensions have been rising all week, first coming to a head Wednesday when Nunes charged the president and some associates had been swept up in \"incidental collection\" activities and took the evidence directly to the White House.\nBriefing reporters following a meeting with Trump, Nunes alleged the president and members of the Trump transition team \"were clearly put into intelligence reports,\" adding \"some of it seems to be inappropriate.\"\n'Valuable intelligence'\nBut Nunes, who himself was a member of Trump's transition team, seemed to back off the charges Friday.\n\"These reports that I've read are, for the most part, valuable intelligence,\" Nunes said. \"It appears like this was all legal.\"\nStill, Nunes maintained there were pieces of information in the reports \"that I don't think belong there,\" and again questioned whether the identities of the president and some associates might have been unnecessarily unmasked.\n\"Maybe someone has a good reason for it, but not from what I've been able to read,\" Nunes said.\nRep. Adam Schiff, D-Calif., ranking member of the House Intelligence Committee, speaks to reporters about the actions of Committee Chairman Devin Nunes, R-Calif., on Capitol Hill in Washington, March 24, 2017. The panel is investigating Russian interference in the 2016 U.S. presidential election campaign.\nDemocrats, led by Schiff, have expressed outrage, saying Nunes' conduct has raised \"profound concerns\" that the goal is to provide cover for Trump's allegations, made on Twitter, that he had been \"wiretapped\" by former President Barack Obama.\nSchiff went one step further, charging that recent developments all pointed back to the current White House.\n\"In an effort to further justify the unjustifiable, he is now interfering in this investigation,\" Schiff said. \"I think the fact that the chairman's press conference [Wednesday] was at the White House is not only symbolically important, it's important in terms of understanding what's really going on here.\"\nReports not shared\nDemocrats and Republicans on the House Intelligence Committee have also voiced concern that Nunes has so far refused to let them see the documents and intelligence reports upon which he has based his allegations.\nAs a result, there has been growing speculation that the White House may have played a role in getting the documents to Nunes, something Nunes himself has refused to rule out.\nWhite House press secretary Sean Spicer said Friday that it was a question he could not answer.\n\"I'm not aware of where he got the documents. I don't know,\" Spicer told reporters during a White House briefing.\nFILE - White House press secretary Sean Spicer, shown in Washington, Feb. 2, 2017, says discussions continue to show \"there was something there\" regarding President Donald Trump's allegations about wiretapping.\nSpicer also said the president still felt somewhat vindicated by Nunes' statements, despite the lawmaker's apparent backtracking.\n\"This discussion, it continues to show there was something there,\" Spicer said. \"There's been an acknowledgment that there are documents out there showing that people were surveilled or monitored.\"\nIn his testimony Monday, FBI Director Comey rejected Trump's wiretapping claims outright.\n\"I have no information that supports those tweets. And we have looked carefully inside the FBI,\" he said.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - FBI Director James Comey, left, joined by National Security Agency Director Mike Rogers, testifies on Capitol Hill in Washington before the House Intelligence Committee on allegations of Russian interference in the 2016 U.S. presidential election campaign, March 20, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B1499D43-4213-4901-9265-9B4628A145CD.jpg",
        "id": "7402_2",
        "answer": [
            "Monday"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Mike Rogers"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_24_3780995",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_24_3780995_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the type of the crime the person in the middle of the image committed?",
        "context": "Hard-line Islamist Groups Meet Official, Popular Roadblocks in Indonesia\nJAKARTA, INDONESIA \u2014\u00a0\nAfter playing a major role in Indonesian politics by influencing the Jakarta election, hard-line Islamist groups may have hit an impasse.\nAlthough they were allowed broad leverage to organize and demonstrate across Indonesia in the past year, an effort to replicate their success outside Jakarta fell flat, and the government has taken measures to hamper two major hard-line groups.\nAnd a new survey suggests most Indonesians don\u2019t know about some major Islamist groups, much less support them, both domestic ones and global organizations like the so-called Islamic State (IS).\nLeader of Islamic Defenders Front (FPI) Habib Rizieq (center) talks to reporters at a court after the blasphemy trial of Jakarta's incumbent governor Basuki Tjahaja Purnama, also known as Ahok, in Jakarta, Indonesia, Feb. 28, 2017.\nFederal crackdown\nIndonesia\u2019s government has taken a pointed stand against the Islamic Defenders\u2019 Front (FPI), the hard-line group that organized last year\u2019s anti-Ahok rallies and acts as Indonesia\u2019s unofficial moral police by helping activities like recent anti-gay raids.\nJakarta police issued a warrant for the arrest of FPI leader Habib Rizieq Shihab, who is in Saudi Arabia, on a pornography charge linked to his sexting scandal with a female social activist.\nBeyond FPI, Indonesian Security Minister Wiranto also announced that the state would ban the radical Islamist group Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia (HTI) because its goals run counter to the pluralistic state ideology known as Pancasila. After Wiranto\u2019s announcement, Indonesia President Joko \"Jokowi\" Widodo repeated a promise to \u201cclobber\u201d radical groups that threaten Pancasila.\n\u201cThe crackdown on Rizieq Shihab and Hizbut Tahrir \u2026 looks to me like a response from the government to the anti-Ahok mobilization,\u201d said William Liddle, an Indonesian politics scholar at Ohio State University. Ahok was the Chinese Christian Jakarta governor who was the target of Islamist protests late last year, which played a role in his resounding defeat in his re-election bid last month.\nThe next Jakarta governor, Anies Baswedan, openly allied with FPI in his campaign, which seemed to give the group a newfound legitimacy. But FPI\u2019s mandate may be narrowing. When FPI tried to organize a similar demonstration against the Christian governor of West Kalimantan, Cornelis, who vowed to ban extremists from his province, the result was anticlimactic, with just a few thousand people in attendance.\nOne reason is that FPI was up against a more formidable enemy than Chinese Indonesians, a long downtrodden minority; Cornelis is an indigenous Dayak person, a group with a history of using lethal violence in sectarian conflict.\nSo hard-line groups such as FPI are by no means all-powerful, or even broadly effective outside the specific Jakarta election context.\n\u201cThe cynical support of secular elites was key to mobilizing opposition to Ahok. Without that support, FPI struggled,\u201d said Aaron Connelly, a research fellow at the Lowy Institute.\nIndonesian attitudes on Islamist groups\nA recent poll on extremist groups from the Jakarta-based Saiful Mujani Research and Consulting found that more than 66 percent of the 1,350 adults polled nationwide had heard of IS. Of the 66.4 percent who had heard of IS, 90 percent viewed IS as a threat to the country and even more, 92.9 percent, favored banning the group in Indonesia, according to the May 14-20 survey.\nTwo years ago, a Pew Research Center poll found 79 percent of Indonesians had unfavorable opinions of IS, and only 4 percent favored the group. That survey was conducted in 11 countries with significant Muslim populations, including several in the Middle East and Africa.\nThe new survey, however, showed that 10 percent of those who had heard of IS do not see IS as a threat to Indonesia, and many have never heard of the group.\nSo aside from hard-line groups, it remains to be seen exactly where Indonesians, who are 87 percent Muslim, stand on Islamist politics and Muslim leadership.\nLast year, researchers Elizabeth Pisani and Michael Buehler analyzed the roughly 440 sharia-inspired bylaws across Indonesia, and found that Islamic legislation did not translate into re-election votes for the politicians that advocated them.\nExtremism threat still small\nBeyond perceptions of extremism, the threat of actual violent extremism in Indonesia remains low. There was a suicide bombing in an East Jakarta train station last month that killed three police officers, but it was perhaps most notable for the fact that it caused fatalities.\nThe current generation of Indonesian terrorists are neither many nor effective: three recent suicide attacks resulted in only the death of the bomber, according to a 2016 report from the Economist Intelligence Unit. Indonesia also has a famously capable counterterrorism program, particularly the elite Detachment 88 squad formed after the 2002 Bali bombings.\nIndonesian militants today largely \u201clack the capacity\u201d to inflict much damage, said Nava Nuraniyah, of the Institute for Policy Analysis and Conflict. \u201cUnlike the [Al Qaeda affiliated] Jemaah Islamiyah generation, they were never trained abroad \u2026 learning bomb making from the internet could only take them so far.\u201d\nReporting for this story was made possible with a grant from the Pulitzer Center for Crisis Reporting.\n",
        "caption": "Leader of Islamic Defenders Front (FPI) Habib Rizieq (center) talks to reporters at a court after the blasphemy trial of Jakarta's incumbent governor Basuki Tjahaja Purnama, also known as Ahok, in Jakarta, Indonesia, Feb. 28, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/9921541E-C863-4412-9ACD-4C409C11AA50.jpg",
        "id": "29626_2",
        "answer": [
            "pornography"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Habib Rizieq"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_08_3891817",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_08_3891817_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What happened to coworkers of the people in the image that triggered the current trouble with their neighbor?",
        "context": "India Alleges 2 Soldiers Killed, Mutilated by Pakistani Forces in Kashmir\nNEW DELHI \u2014\u00a0\nThe Indian army has accused Pakistani forces of killing two of its soldiers and mutilating their bodies along the border in the disputed Kashmir region.\nIndia has vowed retribution for the incident that will deepen tensions between the South Asian rivals, whose relations have hit a low point in recent months.\nThe army said the soldiers were killed on patrol when Pakistani forces fired rockets and mortars at two Indian posts in the Krishna Ghati sector Monday.\n\"In an unsoldierly act\" the bodies of two soldiers were mutilated, an army statement said. The army said that \"such despicable act of Pakistan Army will be appropriately responded.\"\nThe Pakistani army dismissed the Indian army's accusations of mutilating the soldiers' bodies, calling them \"false\" and said it did not commit any cease-fire violation.\nThis is not the first time that the Indian army has accused Pakistani soldiers of mutilating the body of a soldier; it leveled a similar charge last November.\nFILE - Indian soldiers guard outside the army base which was attacked by suspected militants at Uri, Indian-controlled Kashmir, Sept. 19, 2016.\nCross-border gunfire leading to the deaths of soldiers and civilians on both sides has intensified along the Kashmir border since last September, when relations plummeted following an attack on an Indian army camp that killed 17 soldiers. Both sides blame each other for the firing.\nIt is not just the heavily militarized border dividing Kashmir between the two countries that is volatile. Violence has also spiked in Indian Kashmir, where New Delhi is grappling with escalating street protests against Indian rule and militant attacks.\nOn Monday, authorities in the Kashmiri capital, Srinagar, said five policemen and two bank officials were killed when militants ambushed a bank van in Kulgam district and made away with bundles of cash.\nLast week, three Indian soldiers were killed in an attack by militants on an army camp in Kashmir.\nWhile India points the finger at Pakistan-based Islamic terror groups for fomenting violence in Kashmir, Islamabad strongly denies it.\nOn Monday, after holding talks with visiting Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi said all countries need to work as one to \"disrupt the terrorist networks and their financing and put a stop to cross-border movement of terrorists.\"\nModi added, \"They also need to stand and act against those that conceive and create, support and sustain, shelter and spread these instruments and ideologies of violence.\"\nAhead of his visit, the Turkish president told a television news channel that both countries should engage in a multilateral dialogue to resolve their dispute over Kashmir.\nAn Indian foreign ministry spokesman said that New Delhi had told Erdogan that \"the issue of Kashmir is essentially an issue of terrorism.\"\nPeace talks between the two countries have remained stalled as New Delhi says it cannot hold talks until terrorism ends, while Islamabad has stressed the need for negotiations to resolve the decades-old dispute over the Himalayan region.\nVOA's Ayaz Gul contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Indian army soldiers patrol near the highly militarized Line of Control dividing Kashmir between India and Pakistan, in Pallanwal sector, about 75 kilometers from Jammu, India, Oct. 4, 2016. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/A574FC5E-1CEF-4FF3-9057-6DBD0773A469.jpg",
        "id": "33512_1",
        "answer": [
            "an attack on an Indian army camp that killed 17 soldiers"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Indian army"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_01_3832935",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_01_3832935_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What happened to the piece of art in the image?",
        "context": "How Do You Move a 6-ton Civil War Battle Painting? Slowly\nATLANTA \u2014\u00a0\nA colossal panoramic painting depicting the Battle of Atlanta from the Civil War is being lifted by cranes from the building where it has been housed for nearly a century and then trucked to its new location.\nMoving the six-ton Cyclorama - one of the world's largest paintings - from Grant Park to the Atlanta History Center across town marks a major milestone in its restoration, historians said.\n\"We're on the cusp of a historic moment,'' Gordon Jones, military historian and curator at the Atlanta History Center, said Thursday.\nThe move began Thursday and is expected to take two days. Those in charge say they're using extreme caution to ensure the 15,000-square-foot painting is not damaged.\n\"If there's anything that endangers the painting, we will slow down to a crawl,'' said Howard Pousner, an Atlanta History Center spokesman.\nVisitors view the Atlanta Cyclorama, the colossal Civil War painting created about 130 years ago, June 30, 2015, in Atlanta.\nThe painting's vivid scenes of charging soldiers, rearing horses, battle flags and broken bodies stretch the length of a football field when it is fully unfurled and on display.\n\"The Battle of Atlanta is one of the crucial moments in the campaign that really determined the outcome of the war,'' Jones said. \"What happened here in Atlanta is absolutely critical to the outcome of the country we know today.''\nIn preparation for its big move, it has been cut at a seam into two pieces. Both pieces have been rolled onto gigantic, custom-built steel spools, each taller than a four-story building.\nHoles have been carved in the concrete roof of the Atlanta Cyclorama and Civil War Museum in Grant Park, near Zoo Atlanta. Cranes will be used to lift these spools of painted history through the roof, and then onto waiting trucks for the trip nine miles north to a brand new building under construction at the Atlanta History Center, Pousner said.\nThe artwork, created by the American Panorama Co. in Milwaukee in the 1880s, is one of only two such panoramas on display in the nation. The other one is at Gettysburg National Military Park in Pennsylvania.\nThe Atlanta painting had long been housed in a corner of the city zoo, something of a historic oddity in a city whose modern persona is more entwined with civil rights than the Civil War.\nBut before the age of movies, the panoramas offered a 360-degree view of battles and other historic events and \"are sometimes described as the 3-D IMAX movies of their time,'' the history center said in announcing this week's move.\nA close-up of a section of a cyclorama depicting the Battle of Atlanta from the American Civil War is seen in this undated photograph.\nThe popularity of visiting the panoramas made their creation a lucrative business for a time. Several German immigrants were hired by the American Panorama Co. to paint the giant scenes at the Milwaukee company.\nNow, a 140-year-old diary written by one of the main painters is providing new insights about their visit to Atlanta to make sketches for the Cyclorama, and their return to Milwaukee in a frantic effort to meet a deadline.\n\"His diaries are essentially the only first-hand accounts of any of the painters who worked in Milwaukee at the time,'' said Kevin Abing, an archivist at the Milwaukee County Historical Society.\nA German translator is working to decipher the diary written by Friedrich Wilhelm Heine.\nIn summaries provided to The Associated Press, Heine describes a hurried effort to complete the Atlanta artwork on time, despite his painful battle with \"frozen toes.''\nHe recounts how the painters made sketches in Atlanta atop a 25-foot scaffold over railroad tracks, despite one painter being afraid to climb it.\nThe diary entries also show that the painters didn't always get along. Heine complained about the tardiness of one painter on his crew, and how the Austrians \"chatter more than they are working.'' Once, after a few beers, a painter became drunk and angry at Heine \"and entire Amerika.''\nAtlanta architects, engineers and others have been working with German, Swiss and American conservators to prepare for moving and restoring the painting. It will go on display again next year in a new 23,000-square-foot building on the grounds of the Atlanta History Center, officials said.\nA viewing platform that rises 12 feet from the gallery floor will give viewers \"the sense of being enveloped by the 360-degree experience,'' history center officials said.\nThe new exhibit will also include the \"diorama'' featuring 128 plaster figures that have been displayed in the foreground of the painting since the 1930s, Jones said.\nAmong those plaster figures is a dead Union soldier with Clark Gable's face. It was created after Gable and other \"Gone With The Wind'' cast members visited the Cyclorama during the film's 1939 Atlanta premier, Jones said. While visiting, the actor made an offhand comment to Atlanta Mayor William B. Hartsfield about his likeness being included in the display, Jones said.\n\"So Hartsfield contacted the guys who had done the plaster figures, and they promptly came up with a figure of a dead Union solider lying in the grass with the face of Clark Gable and a big bullet hole in his chest,'' Jones said.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Visitors view the Atlanta Cyclorama, the colossal Civil War painting in Atlanta, June 30, 2015. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/3C5C312F-8E26-4E9B-8C6F-3EBCCD20000B.jpg",
        "id": "21334_1",
        "answer": [
            "lifted by cranes from the building where it has been housed for nearly a century and then trucked to its new location",
            "Moving",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Atlanta Cyclorama",
            "Cyclorama"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_10_3716792",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_10_3716792_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What other revolution is the statue in the image associated with?",
        "context": "Russian Officials Cautious on How to Mark 1917 Revolution Centenary \nST. PETERSBURG, RUSSIA \u2014\u00a0\nRussia this year is marking 100 years since the Russian Revolution ended the country's monarchy, an event that led to the creation of the Soviet Union, a communist regime that for much of the 20th century ruled an empire.\nDespite the significant anniversary, Russian authorities have been cautious about how to observe it, apparently fearful of inciting divisions, especially in the wake of a revolution in neighboring Ukraine.\nThe Russian Revolution changed the course of history as the monarchy was replaced by a communist government \u2014 the world's first.\n\"These are the greatest events \u2014 both February and October [revolutions],\" said Boris Rivkin, with the historical cultural museum complex in Razliv. \"One should not idealize them. But it was a turning point, a change of the state system, a change in the state of minds and social relations.\"\nHiding place\nRussia's communist revolutionary leader, Vladimir Lenin, hid near the museum's countryside location for a few days in July-August 1917 in a shed, as well as a shelter made out of hay.\nA giant cement bust of Lenin sits near the woods outside the museum, which tells the story of Russia's Bolshevik leaders and has a small exhibit of modern art paintings of Lenin.\nDespite the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, its global influence continues to be felt, from former Soviet republics to other communist movements it inspired, and from Asia to Africa to South America.\nWATCH:  Russian Monarchy Still a Touchy Issue, 100 Years After Revolution\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nRussian Monarchy Still a Touchy Issue, 100 Years After Revolution\nShare this video\n0:02:37\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:37\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 7.6MB\n360p | 11.1MB\n720p | 74.1MB\n\"It is impossible not to mark the revolution at all. This is a global event, and it affected the entire history of Russia and the whole world,\" said the State Museum of Political History's Sergey Spiridonov.\n\"But it is quite unclear, both for the authorities and many other people, whose side to choose in this revolution,\" said Spiridonov. \"We do not seem to support Bolsheviks anymore; we try to avoid this situation, to keep a distance from the Bolshevik ideology. But nevertheless, we realize that the present Russia is a successor of the Soviet Union.\"\nIn contrast to the Soviet era, however, the Russian Revolution's centenary observances are being played down by Russian authorities, who instead are urging reconciliation and unity.\nRussian Orthodox Patriarch Kirill, center, conducts a service in front of the the icon Mother of God Reigning, at second right, at the Christ the Savior Cathedral in Moscow, Russia, Feb. 19, 2017. The requiem was in memory of the victims of the faith, in connection with the centennial of the February Revolution in Russia in 1917.\n\"It is clear now that it is no holiday! Though this is quite a grand, significant and commemorative event for our country,\" said Spiridonov. \"The president [Vladimir Putin] was probably right to some extent when he called for a certain national reconciliation in connection with this date, because we have not yet survived through the situation of the revolution to the very end.\"\nSpiridonov said a democratic Russia would probably be expected to honor the Provisional Government, which came to power immediately after the popular uprising against the monarchy but was then overthrown by Lenin and other communist leaders.\n\"There is no split in society in relation to these events, but authorities are concerned about that,\" said the Saint Petersburg Institute of History's Igor Lukoianov. \"And, they try by all means to be quite cautious in assessing those events, so as not to cause again an antagonism in society.\"\nFILE - A man holds a portrait of Soviet dictator Josef Stalin during a demonstration marking the 99th anniversary of the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution in Moscow, Russia, Nov. 7, 2016. Unlike the past, Nov. 7 is no longer a public holiday in Russia.\nOn this 100-year anniversary, the Soviet Union's many victims are remembered as much as its achievements. The Russian Civil War, Stalin's Red Terror and Russia's involvement in World War II cost the lives of countless millions.\nThe 2014 Ukrainian Revolution reinforced Russia's wariness of movements and radical political change at home.\nRussian officials called the popular uprising against Ukraine's former Moscow-leaning President Viktor Yanukovych a \"coup\" backed by Western governments. Yanukovych fled to Russia, which annexed Ukraine's Crimean Peninsula and launched military support for rebels in eastern Ukraine.\n'October Coup'\nSince the collapse of the Soviet Union, Russians increasingly refer to the \"Bolshevik Revolution\" as the \"October Coup.\"\n\"There is a difference between a coup d'etat and a revolution with masses [of people] involved,\" said Lukoianov. \"I shall not take a risk to answer that it is the last one, but it might not be a surprise to me that power might be changed and possibly by a nonconstitutional method.\"\nA century later, the 1917 revolution that shook Russia and the world is no longer a cause for celebration, but a time for contemplation.\n",
        "caption": "A man walks past a statue of Soviet Union founder Vladimir Lenin installed on the road to the Lenin Hut Museum near Razliv Lake, outside St. Petersburg, Russia, Feb. 25, 2017. In November 2017, some Russians will commemorate 100 years of Bolshevik Revolution. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/0C3E2E90-B295-48D0-812F-E433E11671AA.jpg",
        "id": "4322_1",
        "answer": [
            "Russian Revolution"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "100 years"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_07_3754124",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_07_3754124_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "How frequent is the event taking place in the image?",
        "context": "Israel Shuts Egypt Border After Terror Warning Passover Eve\nJERUSALEM \u2014\u00a0\nIsrael closed its Taba border crossing to the Sinai peninsula on Monday following warnings by its anti-terrorism office of an \u201cimminent\u201d militant attack there and urged its citizens to leave Egypt hours before the start of the Passover holiday, when Sinai is a popular destination for many secular Israelis.\nSoon after the announcement, sirens wailed in parts of southern Israel alerting residents to a rocket attack. The military said a rocket fired from Sinai exploded in southern Israel, hitting a greenhouse but causing no injuries. The Islamic State group later claimed responsibility for the attack.\nYisrael Katz, Israel's transportation and intelligence minister, said in a statement Monday there was intel regarding a potential \u201cterror attack\u201d against tourists in the Sinai peninsula. The crossing remains open for those wanting to return from Egypt. \nThe border closure comes a day after militants in Egypt bombed two churches, killing dozens of Christian worshipers during Palm Sunday ceremonies. In the wake of those attacks, Israel's anti-terrorism office called on all Israeli tourists in Sinai to return home immediately and asked Israelis planning trips to the Sinai to cancel.\nPrime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu issued a statement Monday sending Israel's \u201ccondolences to the families of those who were murdered in yesterday's terrorist attacks in Egypt\u201d and wishing a \u201cquick and full recovery to the wounded.\u201d\nHe said \u201cthe world must unite and fight terrorism everywhere.\u201d\nThe Israeli government statement says that intelligence information shows \u201cincreased activity by Islamic State\u201d militants in Sinai. It adds that with the Islamic State group losing ground in Iraq and Syria, there is renewed \u201cmotivation to carry out terror attacks in different arenas at this time.\u201d\nIsrael called on its citizens to leave Egypt on the eve of the Passover holiday that commemorates the biblical Exodus story of the Israelites' escape from slavery in Egypt.\nThe weeklong festival is widely celebrated in Israel even among otherwise nonreligious Jews. But southern Sinai, with its pristine beaches and Red Sea coral reefs, has traditionally been a popular Israeli tourist destination - especially for secular Israelis during the Passover holiday.\nIsrael mostly shuts down after sundown for the holiday, as families and friends gather for Seder, the ritual multi-course meal where the story of the exodus from Egypt is discussed in detail so that the tradition is preserved throughout the generations. \nLeavened goods like bread and items made from yeast such as beer are banned during the holiday. Instead, Jews eat matzo - unleavened bread - to illustrate how the Israelites had no time to let their bread rise as they fled from bondage in the land of the Pharaohs.\nDespite the relaxing draw of Sinai, tourism there has declined since 2013, when the Egyptian military overthrew an elected Islamist president and an Islamic insurgency based in northern Sinai intensified. Rocket attacks on Israel from Sinai are relatively rare but Islamic militants there have been behind a few attacks in recent years. Egypt has been battling the militants, many linked to the Islamic State group.\nIsrael issues travel recommendations from time to time based on intelligence reports. Monday's travel warning was unusual in its urgency and it is rare for the Taba crossing to be shut down.\nIsrael signed a peace treaty with neighboring Egypt in 1979 and the two countries maintain close security cooperation.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - People wait to cross to Egypt at the Israeli side of the Taba crossing near the Red Sea resort of Eilat, Feb. 16, 2014. Israel closed its part of the crossing Monday following warnings of an \u201cimminent\u201d militant attack.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/CF1EC9FF-75AB-4211-ADA0-5A5D5284146F.jpg",
        "id": "21061_1",
        "answer": [
            "rare",
            "relatively rare",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "militant attack",
            "Taba crossing"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_10_3803979",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_10_3803979_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the person in the red shirt in the image believe the technology will do?",
        "context": "New Railway Halves Travel Time from Nairobi to Mombasa\nKenya has launched a new railway service that will cut travel time between Nairobi and the port city of Mombasa in half.\nKenyan President Uhuru Kenyatta and a number of Chinese and Kenyan officials were aboard the train Wednesday for its inaugural run from Mombasa to the capital.\nThe standard-gauge railway was built with the help of loans from the Chinese government. Chinese companies also built the line and supplied locomotives.\n\u201cThis is a historic moment we are witnessing today because this project will transform the economy of this country and all Kenyans,\u201d President Kenyatta said Wednesday.\nPreviously, passenger train service between Mombasa and Nairobi took 10 hours. Kenya says the new service will complete the 440-kilometer (275 miles) trip in five.\nKenyan President Uhuru Kenyatta, left, looks at a model of a locomotive with Chen Fenjian president of CCC during the unveiling of a cargo train at the Mombasa, Kenya.\n3,000 passengers per day \nMombasa is the biggest port in East Africa, serving Kenya and inland countries such as Uganda, Rwanda and Burundi.\nKenya says the new service can carry more than 3,000 passengers per day.\nChina has invested heavily in the African continent during the past 15 years, seeking to strengthen political and economic ties.\n",
        "caption": "Kenyan President Uhuru Kenyatta, left, looks at a model of a locomotive with Chen Fenjian president of CCC during the unveiling of a cargo train at the Mombasa, Kenya.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/1698243F-77EA-4857-9EB5-D908051568BB.jpg",
        "id": "8576_2",
        "answer": [
            "transform the economy of this country and all Kenyans"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Uhuru Kenyatta",
            "Kenyatta"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_31_3881432",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_31_3881432_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What president was accused by the man on the paper in the image?",
        "context": "Peru Asks World to Help Find Fugitive ex-President Toledo\nLIMA \u2014\u00a0\nPeru asked for international help in finding former president Alejandro Toledo, wanted in connection with a far-reaching bribery probe, saying on Friday that he was likely now in San Francisco and may try to flee to Israel.\nThe government of Pedro Pablo Kuczynski, who served as prime minister and finance minister during Toledo's 2001-06 term, said it was asking authorities in the United States and Israel to help find and return him to Peru.\nA judge on Thursday ruled that Toledo, who denies any wrongdoing, must be jailed for up to 18 months while influence peddling and money laundering charges are prepared against him.\nProsecutors allege that Toledo, 70, took $20 million in bribes from Brazil's Odebrecht SA, a family-owned construction conglomerate at the center of Latin America's biggest region-wide graft scandal.\nThe downfall of Toledo, once a pro-democracy hero and anti-corruption crusader to many in Peru, has raised questions about who might be next as Odebrecht provides testimony on high-ranking officials it bribed from Argentina to Panama.\nInterpol issued a red alert notice to 190 member countries to search for and capture Toledo, Kuczynski's Cabinet said on Friday.\nThe Interior Ministry has offered 100,000 soles ($30,000) for information leading to his capture.\n\"Anyone in the world who can help us find him can claim the reward,\" Interior Minister Carlos Basombrio said. \"Peru doesn't deserve to see another president flee justice.\"\nFILE - Former Peru's President Alejandro Toledo and his wife Eliane Karp arrives to the 2015 IMF/World Bank Annual Meetings in Lima, Peru, Oct. 8, 2015.\nToledo rose to power denouncing widespread corruption in the government of his predecessor, Alberto Fujimori, who fled to Japan amid a far-reaching graft inquiry in 2000. Fujimori is now serving a 25-year sentence in Peru for corruption and human rights abuses during his decade-long authoritarian rule.\nToledo has not been charged with or convicted of any crimes.\nHe was last known to be in France a week ago.\nToledo's lawyer, Heriberto Benitez, denied that Toledo was on the run and told Reuters he was waiting for the results of an appeal. Benitez declined to say where Toledo was, citing a confidentiality agreement with his client.\nAfter the judge's decision, Benitez said he would recommend Toledo not return to Peru to face a justice system he called \"vindictive.\" He said he believes Toledo should be investigated but thought preventive detention was excessive, calling it a hallmark of autocratic regimes.\nJustice Minister Marisol Perez Tello said Toledo would be guaranteed a fair trial.\n\"We're all very ashamed of what this looks like internationally; all we're asking is that he come back to explain what happened,\" Perez Tello said.\nToledo has earned postgraduate economics degrees from Stanford University, near San Francisco, and has lectured there.\nToledo's wife has Israeli citizenship and his longtime friend, Peruvian-Israeli businessman Yosef Maiman, is believed to live there.\nPeru does not have an extradition treaty with Israel but does have one with the United States.\nThe U.S. and Israeli embassies in Lima did not immediately respond to requests for comment.\nFILE - A sign of the Odebrecht Brazilian construction conglomerate is seen at their headquarters in Lima, Peru, Jan. 5, 2017.\nProsecutors, citing testimony from an Odebrecht executive, alleged Toledo made a pact with the company to help it win two lucrative highway contracts in exchange for bribes he asked to be deposited in the accounts of offshore companies controlled by Maiman.\nAuthorities have traced some $10 million from Odebrecht to Maiman's companies so far.\nMaiman did not respond to requests for comment.\nToledo made two unsuccessful bids for a second presidential term in 2011 and 2016 and had not ruled out a third attempt in 2021.\n",
        "caption": "An international arrest warrant issued by Peru's Interior Ministry, offering 100,000 Peruvian soles ($31,000) for information on the whereabouts of former president Alejandro Toledo, is seen in Lima, Peru. (Peruvian Police/Handout)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/2F3C0A68-8E6F-4748-9FA1-3252656C8FA4.jpg",
        "id": "30590_1",
        "answer": [
            "Alberto Fujimori"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Toledo"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_10_3718741",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_10_3718741_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who does the person in the middle of the image not like?",
        "context": "US Senators Unveil Bipartisan Bill to Boost Sanctions Against Russia\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nLegislation with bipartisan support that would increase sanctions against Russia for its alleged interference in November\u2019s U.S. presidential election was introduced Tuesday in the Senate.\n\u201cWhen our nation was attacked at Pearl Harbor and when our nation was attacked on 9/11, we took steps in order to deal with those who attacked us and to prevent further attacks against our country in the interest of national security,\u201d said Democratic Senator Ben Cardin, the bill\u2019s chief sponsor. \u201cIt cannot be business as usual. We need to take steps to make it clear that this type of activity will have consequences and our legislation does that,\u201d Cardin added.\nAmong the bill\u2019s co-sponsors are Republican Senators John McCain and Lindsey Graham, both critics of President-elect Donald Trump, and former Republican presidential hopeful and Senator Marco Rubio.\nThe legislation - called the \u201cCountering Russian Hostilities Act of 2017 - is designed to show that key Republicans are intent on punishing Russia despite Trump\u2019s desire to strengthen bilateral ties.\nThe measure was introduced four days after the U.S. intelligence community released a declassified version of a report accusing Russia of meddling in the election.\nA part of the declassified version Intelligence Community Assessment on Russia's efforts to interfere with the U.S. political process is photographed in Washington, Jan. 6, 2017.\nFrozen assets, bans\nThe bill would impose visa bans and freeze assets of those who undermine the cybersecurity of democratic institutions, possibly making it more difficult for banks to conduct business with Russian military and intelligence agencies.\nIt also would codify sanctions imposed on Russia by President Barack Obama\u2019s administration in response to Russia\u2019s alleged meddling in the election and its 2014 annexation of Crimea.\nIn addition, the measure would authorize $100 million for the State Department and other U.S. agencies to counter Russian propaganda.\nIf the bill becomes law, the Trump administration would not be required to implement the sanctions. Senator Cardin said a waiver probably would be included in the bill to allow the president to waive the sanctions if it is in the best interests of the U.S.\nClapper questioning\nAlso on Capitol Hill Tuesday, the top spy chief said the intelligence community\u2019s recently released report that concluded Russia orchestrated computer hacks during the 2016 presidential campaign was based on a mix of human resources and the collection of technical and open source information.\n\u201cMoscow\u2019s influence campaign blended covert intelligence operations with overt efforts by Russian government agencies, state-funded media, third-party intermediaries and paid social media users,\u201d National Intelligence Director James Clapper said during questioning before the Senate Intelligence Committee.\nFILE - Director of National Intelligence James Clapper testifies before a Senate Armed Services Committee hearing on foreign cyber threats, on Capitol Hill in Washington, Jan. 5, 2017.\nIn the report released Friday, the intelligence community said it had \"high confidence\" that Russian President Vladimir Putin personally ordered a campaign to undermine the democratic presidential electoral process in the U.S.\nU.S. officials said Russian efforts were intended to undercut the election chances of Democrat Hillary Clinton and help Trump, the Republican candidate.\nRussia has rejected U.S. claims that it interfered in the presidential election, and a spokesman said the legislation threatening U.S. sanctions are an attempt to further harm relations between the two countries.\nFILE - Democratic presidential candidate Hillary Clinton speaks during a campaign rally in Raleigh, N.C., Nov. 8, 2016.\nRussia refutes\nThe allegations against Russia are \"substantiated with nothing\" and \"amateurish,\" Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov said Monday.\nRussia also criticized the new U.S. sanctions against Russian officials, saying they will further degrade relations between the two countries.\nOn Monday, the U.S. announced the sanctions against Russia's top investigator and four other officials for what the State Department called \"notorious human rights violations.\"\nKremlin spokesman Peskov told reporters Tuesday that Russia regrets the decline in relations during President Barack Obama's second term and hopes for positive developments in the future.\nThe five Russians, along with two other men with alleged ties to Hezbollah, were sanctioned under the Magnitsky Act.\nU.S. officials did not say exactly for which transgressions the seven are being sanctioned. But State Department spokesman John Kirby said, \"Each of the most recently added names was considered after extensive research.\"\nHuman rights\nKirby said the five Russians played \"roles in the repressive machinery of Russia's law enforcement systems, as well as individuals involved in notorious human rights violations.\"\nThey include Alexander Bastrykin, the head of the Investigative Committee, Russia's main investigative agency, which has led criminal probes of leading Kremlin opponents.\nRussian President Vladimir Putin, left, meets with Investigative Committee Chief Alexander Bastrykin in the Kremlin in Moscow, Dec. 13, 2012.\nTwo others on the list are Andrei Lugovoi and Dmitri Kovtun, whom Britain has named as the two top suspects in the poisoning death of Russian spy and Kremlin critic Alexander Litvinenko in 2006.\nThe 44 people now on the list are barred from entering the United States and their U.S. assets are frozen. U.S. citizens are forbidden from carrying out any financial transactions with them.\nThe Magnitsky Act was named for Russian anti-corruption lawyer Sergei Magnitsky, who died in 2009 after spending a year in prison and in poor health.\nRussian investigators ruled there was nothing criminal in Magnitsky's death.\nThe State Department alleges there is plenty of evidence, though, to show Magnitsky was beaten in his jail cell, and his illnesses went untreated.\n",
        "caption": "Senate Armed Services Committee Chairman Sen. John McCain, R-Ariz., flanked by Sen. Ben Cardin, D-Md., left, and Sen. Bob Menendez, D-N.J., speaks during a news conference on Capitol Hill, Jan. 10, 2017, to announce legislation lawmakers are introducing t",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/3A574510-C8AB-4EF4-B121-DCDCF684A9CE.jpg",
        "id": "9202_1",
        "answer": [
            "President-elect Donald Trump"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Senate Armed Services Committee Chairman Sen. John McCain",
            "John McCain"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_10_3670582",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_10_3670582_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What happened to the political party of the person speaking in the image?",
        "context": "Russian 'Kompromat' Remains Alive and Well\nMOSCOW \u2014\u00a0\nAmid the political maelstrom surrounding the leaked, and wholly unverified, accusations of the Kremlin's possession of compromising information on U.S. President Elect Donald Trump, a new Russian word entered the global lexicon, \"kompromat.\"\n\"The Kremlin has no kompromat on the president-elect of the United States, Donald Trump,\" said Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov in denying the allegations as \"pulp fiction.\"\n\"The Kremlin,\" insisted Peskov, \"does not engage in the collection of compromising materials.\"\nWhile the veracity of Peskov's rejection of the Trump-related allegations remains anyone's guess, his professed innocence of gathering damaging information immediately sent fact-check meters into the red.\n\"Peskov's lying, to put it mildly,\" said Gennady Gudkov, a former member of the Russian Duma and one-time officer in Russia's Federal Security Services in an interview with VOA.\nFILE - Opposition activists Gennady Gudkov, center, and Ilya Ponomarev, a lawmaker, left, march with opposition supporters heading to a protest rally in Moscow, Sept. 15, 2012.\n\"The Kremlin gathers all sorts of compromising material against its political enemies as a matter of government policy.There is regular surveillance, hacking of electronic emails, monitoring and wiretapping. And all of this material eventually finds its way to mass media for propaganda purposes,\" said Gudkov.\nKompromat's roots\nTo be sure all governments collect intelligence, including damaging information on rivals, real or imagined.\nBut \"kompromat\" is an entrenched Russian practice that flourished in the Soviet Union.\nIn the USSR, the KGB security/intelligence agency often used the technique as a means to blackmail foreign diplomats into providing information or spying. Sex, compromising photographs, and so-called \"honey traps\" with operatives were often used, they still are.\nYet in post-Soviet Russia, kompromat expanded domestically. It became the preferred tool to settle business scores and destroy political opponents. It also entered the vernacular.\n\"The first time I ever heard of kompromat was in the 1990s,\" said Russian humorist and journalist Viktor Shenderovich.\" The word appeared along with the free press and, of course, journalists who were for sale.\"\nFILE - Viktor Shenderovich speaks during pre-election meeting at a Moscow school in this Nov. 28, 2005 picture.\nThe idea of kompromat as mainstream enterprise in post-Soviet Russia stands at the heart of a fictional Shenderovich 2002 short story, \"Black and Grey PR.\" In it, Shenderovich imagines a representative from a firm called Reputation that offers kompromat to clients a la carte.\n\"Full moral destruction of your opponent. Fabrication of a dark past complete with witnesses and documents,\" are among services Reputation provides.\n\"We can even make it so that it's the main news all day long,\" said the representative.\" Only it'll cost you double.\"\nShenderovich's rendering was funny. It also wasn't far from the truth.\nSkuratov affair\nIn fact, just a few years earlier in 1999, Russians turned on their nightly news broadcast to see grainy surveillance footage of what appeared to be Prosecutor General Yuri Skuratov cavorting in a sauna with prostitutes.\nTrue or not, the timing of the footage was suspect. Skuratov was at the time the driving force behind an investigation into corruption in the administration of then President Boris Yeltsin.\nFILE - Suspended prosecutor general Yuri Skuratov speaks during an interview at his country home outside Moscow, Sept. 3, 1999.\nSkuratov, to this day, denies he was the man in the video. But then head of Russia's of Federal Security Services, Vladimir Putin, vouched publicly for the authenticity of the tape.\nSkuratov soon was fired over the scandal and the investigation shelved.\nPutin's efficient handling of the scandal was not lost on Yeltsin. Within a few months, Yeltsin promoted the former KGB officer to prime minister. Soon thereafter Yeltsin resigned and Putin assumed the presidency.\nBut Gudkov points to the Skuratov affair as a watershed moment, a sign kompromat adapted for the media age.\n\"Of course they collected compromising sexual material on people in the USSR, but it wasn't so blatant,\" he said.\" This was broadcast to 90 million people.\"\nKompromat now\nOne need only look at Russia's 2016 parliamentary elections to see the tactic remains alive and well in Putin's Russia.\nWith the Kremlin promising newly open and competitive elections to a restless electorate, kompromat once again was employed to great effect.\nThis time, it was the Kremlin-friendly NTV channel that summoned a unique exclusive: footage of Mikhail Kasyanov, Putin's one-time prime minister turned leader of the opposition PARNAS party, having an affair with a party loyalist.\nFILE - Opposition leader and Russia's former Prime Minister Mikhail Kasyanov, right, speaks to the media with opposition activist Ilya Yashin, left, during a march to commemorate Kremlin critic Boris Nemtsov, who was shot dead, in Moscow, March 1, 2015.\nA scandal of public interest? Perhaps, but the footage was taken from Kasyanov's own bedroom. Few doubt Russian secret services were responsible.\nThe sex scandal easily divided an already struggling opposition.With a compromised Kasyanov heading the ticket, PARNAS failed miserably as pro-Kremlin parties triumphed.\nViolence lurking\nOther Kremlin opponents have faced similar pitfalls.\nSeveral opposition journalists, including Shenderovich, were implicated in honey trap operations videotaped with a Kremlin-hired prostitute. Opposition politicians regularly find their emails, phone calls, and surveillance video of private meetings leaked to state media.\nRussian kompromat has clearly moved out of the bedroom into more dangerous terrain.\nShenderovich told VOA that he and other journalists were threatened repeatedly after state media launched smear campaigns against them over criticism of Russia's annexation of Crimea in 2014.\n\"I changed apartments regularly,\" said Shenderovich.\" I even tried not to walk my dog in the same place every day.\"\nHe also points to the 2015 assassination of opposition leader Boris Nemtsov on the streets of central Moscow as evidence of the violence lurking beneath state driven smear tactics. Proof that kompromat can kill.\nShenderovich argues that \"Kompromat\" has come to symbolize Putin's Russia, much like \"Sputnik defined Soviet Space Age optimism and \"Perestroika,\" Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev's democratic reforms in the USSR.\n\"And now what is our gift to the world? The word 'kompromat,\" said Shenderovich.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Opposition leader and Russia's former Prime Minister Mikhail Kasyanov, right, speaks to the media with opposition activist Ilya Yashin, left, during a march to commemorate Kremlin critic Boris Nemtsov, who was shot dead, in Moscow, March 1, 2015.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/2294CFE8-1135-46CF-90BD-9C19092B3829.jpg",
        "id": "6596_5",
        "answer": [
            "failed miserably",
            "Opposition politicians regularly find their emails, phone calls, and surveillance video of private meetings leaked to state media."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Opposition ",
            "Kasyanov"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_15_3677094",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_15_3677094_5"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who supposedly helps the people from the image?",
        "context": "Afghan Diplomat Alleges Pakistan Behind Resurgent Taliban\nISLAMABAD \u2014\u00a0\nAfghanistan\u2019s ambassador to Pakistan has accused the neighboring country of contributing to the continuous violence in his war-ravaged nation by not cutting ties to the Taliban.\nOmar Zakhilwal told an international conference in Islamabad Thursday that neighboring and regional countries need to create a \u201cbroader\u201d consensus to help end hostilities in Afghanistan and promote political reconciliation there.\n\u201cWe do not believe that Pakistan has yet given up on \u201cstrategic depth\u201d in Afghanistan, unfortunately. Despite the rhetoric, we do not believe that it has changed its policy. They contribute to the continuous violence in Afghanistan,\u201d the ambassador asserted.\nFILE - Weapons and ammunition seized are presented to the media along with insurgents suspected of being from the Haqqani network at the National Directorate of Security (NDS) headquarters in Kabul, May 30, 2013.\nIslamabad has long been accused of supporting the Taliban and harboring leaders of the Haqqani network in a bid to gain an upper hand over security and political developments in Kabul so it could counter rival India\u2019s growing influence there.\nThe so-called policy of \u201cstrategic depth\u201d in Afghanistan has been at the center of Kabul's political tensions with Islamabad.\n\u201cTaliban could not [have] come back at the strength they are without support from here [Pakistan],\u201d Zakhilwal said.\nThe Durand line, on the Afghanistan-Pakistan border\nPakistani officials, however, dismiss the charges as \u201cmere perceptions\u201d and say their contacts with the Taliban are meant only to encourage them to end violence and join peace talks.\nDuring his visit to Afghanistan last month, U.S. National Security Adviser H.R. McMaster also called on Islamabad to rethink its policy toward the neighboring country.\n\u201cThe best way to pursue their interests in Afghanistan and elsewhere is through diplomacy, not through the use of proxies that engage in violence,\u201d McMaster said.\nZakhilwal Thursday also sounded skeptical about a Russia-led multi-nation process aimed at promoting peace and stability in Afghanistan.\n\u201cEven though we do participate [in it], there are suspicions with respect to the motives, with respect to the recent contacts [with the Taliban] and those need to be addressed,\u201d Zakhilwal noted. He was indirectly referring to overt contacts Russia and Iran have maintained with the Taliban.\nThe ambassador went on to suggest that unless prevailing \u201cdoubts and suspicions\u201d are removed, Moscow-led efforts many not be effective even if primary stakeholders are participating in them.\nRussia has hosted three meetings of Afghanistan\u2019s immediate and far neighbors since December 2016 to try to find ways to bring the Taliban to the negotiating table for talks with the Afghan government.\nFILE - Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov and his Afghan counterpart Salahuddin Rabbani arrive for a joint news conference following their meeting in Moscow, Russia, Feb. 7, 2017.\nPakistan, Iran, China, India and former Soviet Central Asian states, as well as Afghanistan, are part of the process.\nBut the U.S. administration refused to attend when Moscow invited it to the last meeting in April, saying it was not given enough time and Washington was unclear about the motives.\nThe U.S. military alleges Russia\u2019s stepped up Afghan diplomacy is meant to undermine international efforts to stabilize Afghanistan. Russian leaders have rejected the charges as groundless.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - In Afghanistan, the Taliban released to the media this picture, which it said shows the suicide bombers who attacked the army base in Mazar-i-Sharif, April 21, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/26CF4FF2-01A4-4D7E-A9F2-458BCD08E846.jpg",
        "id": "17051_1",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "Islamabad"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Taliban"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_11_3847794",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_11_3847794_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What were the people in the image instructed to do?",
        "context": "Philippines Forces Hit IS-Linked Militants as Civilians Flee, Wave Flags\nMARAWI, PHILIPPINES \u2014\u00a0\nPhilippine military jets fired rockets at militant positions Saturday as soldiers fought to wrest control of a southern city from gunmen linked to the Islamic State group, witnesses said. Civilians waved flags from their windows to show they are not combatants. \nThe city of Marawi, home to about 200,000 people, has been under siege by IS-linked militants since a failed raid Tuesday night on a suspected hideout of Isnilon Hapilon, who is on Washington\u2019s list of most-wanted terrorists. Isnilon got away, and fighters loyal to him took over parts of the city, burning buildings and seizing about a dozen hostages, including a priest. Their condition is unknown. \nResidents fleeing the besieged city of Marawi are questioned at a checkpoint by government soldiers, May 26, 2017.\nCivilians caught in conflict\nThe violence prompted President Rodrigo Duterte to declare martial law in the country\u2019s south, where a Muslim rebellion has raged for decades. \n\u201cI saw two jets swoop down and fire at rebel positions repeatedly,\u201d Alexander Mangundatu, a security guard, told The Associated Press in Marawi as a plume of black smoke billowed in the distance. \u201cI pity the civilians and the women who were near the targeted area. They\u2019re getting caught in the conflict and I hope this ends soon.\u201d \nMarawi, Philippines\nMilitary spokesman Brig. Gen. Restituto Padilla said government forces are working to \u201cclear the city of all remnants of this group.\u201d \nOn Friday, Duterte ordered his troops to crush the militants, warning that the country is at a grave risk from the Islamic State group. \nDeath toll: at least 44\nAt least 44 people have died in the fighting, including 31 militants and 11 soldiers, officials say. It was not immediately clear whether civilians were among the dead. The violence has forced thousands of people to flee and raised fears of growing extremism. \nGovernment troops man their position as they continue to battle Muslim militants who lay siege in Marawi city, southern Philippines, May 27, 2017. Philippine military jets fired rockets at militant positions Saturday as soldiers fought to wrest control of the city.\nDuterte gave his troops a free hand to wrest control of Marawi. \n\u201cYou can arrest any person, search any house without warrant,\u201d said Duterte, who has been criticized for the deaths of thousands of people in a crackdown on illegal drugs. \nHapilon is still hiding out in the city under the protection of gunmen who are desperately trying to find a way to extricate him, the country\u2019s military chief said. \n\u201cRight now, he is still inside (the city),\u201d Gen. Eduardo Ano told the AP. \u201cWe cannot just pinpoint the particular spot.\u201d \nHe said Hapilon suffered a stroke after a government airstrike wounded him in January. \nLong-standing militancy \nIn a sign that the long-standing problem of militancy in the south could be expanding, Solicitor General Jose Calida said foreigners were fighting alongside the gunmen in Marawi, including Indonesians and Malaysians. \nHapilon, an Islamic preacher, is a commander of the Abu Sayyaf militant group who pledged allegiance to the Islamic State group in 2014. He also heads an alliance of at least 10 smaller militant groups, including the Maute, which have a heavy presence in Marawi and were instrumental in fighting off government forces in this week\u2019s battles. \nAll of the groups are inspired by the Islamic State group, but so far there is no sign of significant, material ties. \n",
        "caption": "Government troops man their position as they continue to battle Muslim militants who lay siege in Marawi city, southern Philippines, May 27, 2017. Philippine military jets fired rockets at militant positions Saturday as soldiers fought to wrest control of the city.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/1456AD97-B4CF-4210-A2A7-95D405ADB063.jpg",
        "id": "30168_4",
        "answer": [
            "crush the militants"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "troops"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_27_3873536",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_27_3873536_4"
    },
    {
        "question": "What will the country of the person wearing the red tie in the image do?",
        "context": "Ukraine to Begin Talks on NATO Membership Action Plan\nUkraine will begin discussions on a membership action plan with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko announced Monday.\nSpeaking at a joint news conference with NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg after a NATO-Ukraine Commission session in Kyiv, Poroshenko said at the moment Ukraine does not meet NATO accession criteria, but it has a three-year plan through 2020 and knows what is to be done.\nThe road map for Ukraine\u2019s membership in NATO mean meeting targets on political, economic and defense reforms, with national plans submitted annually to measure progress.\n\"Ukraine has clearly defined its political future and future in the sphere of security,\" Poroshenko told reporters.\nStoltenberg said NATO would continue to support Ukraine on its path to closer relations with the alliance and assist the country in pursuing reforms and meeting NATO standards.\nNATO rules also say aspiring members must \"settle their international disputes by peaceful means,\" which means Ukraine would have to resolve the Donbass conflict with insurgent pro-Russian forces that has cost more than 10,000 lives since April 2014.\nUkraine and the West accuse Russia of supporting pro-Russian separatists in the country's restive east and smuggling weapons and troops to back them up, charges that Russia denies.\n\"Russia has maintained its aggressive actions against Ukraine, but NATO and NATO allies stand by Ukraine,\u201d Stoltenberg said in his opening remarks of the NATO-Ukraine Commission meeting.\n\"NATO allies do not and will not recognize Russia's illegal and illegitimate annexation of Crimea,\" he also said.\nStoltenberg\u2019s visit to Kyiv came a day after U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson made his first visit to the city and urged Moscow to take the \"first step\" to ease the conflict in Eastern Ukraine.\n",
        "caption": "Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko, left, and NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg, shakes hands during a meeting in Kiev, Ukraine, Monday, July. 10, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/4044BA60-7B32-47A9-9F8C-B3EFED3EB75E.jpg",
        "id": "17551_1",
        "answer": [
            "begin discussions on a membership action plan with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Ukraine",
            "Petro Poroshenko"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_10_3935639",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_10_3935639_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the bald person in the image do?",
        "context": "US Envoy Ends Mideast Visit With Vows to Seek Peace\nRAMALLAH, WEST BANK \u2014\u00a0\nA U.S. envoy wrapped up his first visit to the Middle East on Tuesday with commitments from Israel and the Palestinians to advance \"a genuine and lasting peace.''\nA joint U.S.-Palestinian statement gave few details on how President Donald Trump plans to break decades of deadlock and hostilities. It said Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas would discuss possibilities for peace with Trump on an upcoming visit to Washington.\nTrump campaigned on promises that he would depart from decades of American policy in the region, and he signaled a much closer relationship with Israel than former President Barack Obama.\nHis platform made no mention of Palestinian statehood, a key goal of the U.S. and international community for two decades. He promised to move the U.S. Embassy from Tel Aviv to disputed Jerusalem, a move favored by Israel and bitterly opposed by the Palestinians, and signaled much greater tolerance for Israeli settlement construction on occupied lands.\nBut since taking office, Trump appears to have backpedaled. He seems to be in no rush to move the embassy, and during a White House meeting with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu last month, he urged restraint on Israeli settlement construction. He also has left the door open to a two-state solution between Israel and the Palestinians.\nThe visit by Trump's envoy, Jason Greenblatt, appeared to be aimed largely at listening to both sides as the White House decides how to move forward. The U.S. issued similarly worded statements after a meeting with Netanyahu on Monday and Abbas on Tuesday.\nIn his talks with the Israelis, Greenblatt affirmed Trump's commitment to Israel's security, while with the Palestinians, he discussed plans to help grow their economy. On the settlement issue, the statement said the U.S. and Israel held discussions in hope of finding an approach \"that is consistent with the goal of advancing peace and security.''\nIn a gesture to Israel, Tuesday's statement said that Abbas committed to \"preventing inflammatory rhetoric and incitement'' and to \"heighten his outreach efforts to the Israeli public.'' Both men also affirmed the \"joint determination to combat violence and terrorism.''\nAbbas said in the statement that he told Greenblatt \"he believes that under President Trump's leadership a historic peace deal is possible, and that it will enhance security throughout the region.'' \nNetanyahu issued a statement later Tuesday describing his talks with Greenblatt the night before as \"good'' and \"in depth.''\nA poll released Tuesday showed widespread skepticism on the part of the Palestinian public, with the vast majority believing that Trump's policies will lead to more tensions or to stagnation.\nTuesday's survey by the Palestinian Center for Policy and Survey Research said only 9 percent believe Trump will be able to relaunch Israeli-Palestinian negotiations. The survey among 1,270 respondents had an error margin of plus or minus 3 percentage points.\n",
        "caption": "U.S. President Trump's peace process envoy Jason Greenblatt, left, meets with Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas at the President's office in the West Bank city of Ramallah, March 14, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/99034709-3FDD-4A34-8843-574E6080B942.jpg",
        "id": "6761_1",
        "answer": [
            "affirmed Trump's commitment to Israel's security, while with the Palestinians, he discussed plans to help grow their economy",
            "affirmed Trump's commitment to Israel's security"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Jason Greenblatt",
            "Greenblatt"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_14_3765073",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_14_3765073_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who stole the members of the audience in the image?",
        "context": "Nigerian President Returns to London for Medical Treatment\nNigerian President Muhammadu Buhari flew to London late Sunday for a \"follow-up medical consultation\" with his doctors, shortly after meeting with the newly released 82 Chibok schoolgirls who had been kidnapped by Boko Haram militants three years ago.\nA statement from presidential spokesman Femi Adesina said the president \"had planned to leave Sunday afternoon, but decided to tarry a bit\" to meet with the girls.\nNigerian President Muhammadu Buhari (left) addresses 82 freed Chibok schoolgirls during a meeting with them in Abuja, Nigeria, May 7, 2017. (Source - @MBuhari)\nThe statement said the length of the president's stay in London will be \"determined by the doctors\" and the government would \"continue to function normally under the able leadership\" of Vice President Yemi Osinbajo.\nBuhari returned to work in March after a seven-week leave for medical treatment in London.\nHe has not disclosed the nature of his illness.\n",
        "caption": "Nigerian President Muhammadu Buhari (left) addresses 82 freed Chibok schoolgirls during a meeting with them in Abuja, Nigeria, May 7, 2017. (Source - @MBuhari)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/919379F6-A4F7-449C-B1D1-EF99D73D3181.jpg",
        "id": "11326_2",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "Boko Haram militants"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Chibok schoolgirls"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_08_3842183",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_08_3842183_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person wearing green in the image indifferent to?",
        "context": "Putin Denies Russia Meddled in US Election\nRussian President Vladimir Putin denied Tuesday that Russia interfered in last year's U.S. presidential election, saying such allegations are \"simply rumors\" that are being leveraged for political reasons in the United States.\nPutin's denial came at a joint news conference in Sochi, Russia, with German Chancellor Angela Merkel after the two leaders met amid increasingly strained relations over the war in Syria, and Russia's annexation of the Crimea region in neighboring Ukraine.\nPutin's remarks are at odds with findings from U.S. intelligence agencies that have reported Russia was responsible for the hacking of Democratic Party email accounts, which were intended to benefit Republican Donald Trump and harm his Democratic opponent, Hillary Clinton.\nIn response to a reporter's question, Merkel said she was not fearful about the threat of Russian interference during this year's German elections and would respond to inaccurate information with facts.\n\"I am not an anxious person. I will fight the election on the basis of my convictions,\" she said, adding that Germans would handle decisively any disinformation campaigns.\nBefore the meeting at the Black Sea resort in Sochi, Putin said the talks were an opportunity to discuss Ukraine and Syria, although Merkel signaled no major breakthroughs were expected.\nThe two leaders last met in Germany in October 2016 in an attempt to revive the stalled peace process in eastern Ukraine. Although a peace agreement mediated by Germany and France in 2015 has helped reduce the fighting, violence has continued.\nFILE - Pro-Russia rebels are seen driving in a convoy in Stakhanov, eastern Ukraine, April 24, 2015. Meeting Tuesday in Sochi, Russian President Vladimir Putin and German Chancellor Angela Merkel continued to disagree on the causes of the conflict in eastern Ukraine.\nDisagreements persist\nMerkel and Putin strongly disagreed Tuesday on the cause of the Ukrainian conflict. But both confirmed their support for the peace agreement.\nOn Syria, Germany has been firmly opposed to Russia's support for President Bashar al-Assad. Merkel has suggested that Russia was partly responsible for atrocities resulting from airstrikes carried out by Russian forces in civilian areas.\nPutin on Tuesday called for strengthening Syria's fragile truce. Russian-led peace negotiations involving Syrian rebels and government officials are set to begin Wednesday in Kazakhstan's capital of Astana.\n\"Our task is to create conditions for unification, the cessation of hostilities, the cessation of mutual destruction and the creation of conditions for political cooperation of all opposing sides,\" Putin said at the news conference.\nAlso during the meeting, Merkel asked Putin to help ensure the rights of gays in Chechnya, one day after Russian police arrested gay rights activists.\nDuring a May Day parade Monday in St. Petersburg, Russia's second largest city, Russian police arrested about 20 protesters, including the leader of an organization that is helping gay men escape from Chechnya, where they are reportedly subject to torture and other types of abuse.\nRussia has stringent rules on political activity in public places, and Putin defended Russian police after meeting with Merkel, saying they have acted within the law when breaking up recent rallies.\n\"Russia's law-enforcement bodies behave in a far more restrained manner than their colleagues in other European countries,\" Putin said at the news conference.\nTuesday's trip to Russia was Merkel's first for a bilateral meeting there since Russia annexed Ukraine's Crimean peninsula in 2014, which precipitated the most intense confrontation between Moscow and the West since the Cold War.\n",
        "caption": "Russian President Vladimir Putin, right, gestures as he and German Chancellor Angela Merkel speak to the media after their talks at Putin's residence in the Russian Black Sea resort of Sochi, Russia, Tuesday, May 2, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/14E51F78-9C00-427C-B8DF-C40E487DC35A.jpg",
        "id": "32628_1_2",
        "answer": [
            "the threat of Russian interference during this year's German elections"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Merkel"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_02_3834561",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_02_3834561_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in the image with the red tie say?",
        "context": "Mnuchin: Trump Has 'No Intention' of Releasing Tax Returns\nPresident Donald Trump \"has no intention\" of releasing his tax returns to the public, Treasury Secretary Steve Mnuchin said Wednesday, asserting Americans have \"plenty of information\" about the president's financial matters.\nFor decades, presidents have released their tax returns. But Trump has so far refused, suggesting he would share the tax documents only after the Internal Revenue Service completes an \"audit\" of them. He's never disclosed proof of an audit.\nMnuchin appeared to close the door completely Wednesday.\n\"The president has no intention. The president has released plenty of information and I think has given more financial disclosure than anybody else. I think the American population has plenty of information,\" he said, inaccurately characterizing the president's disclosures.\nTreasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin, center, joined by National Economic Director Gary Cohn, center, and White House press secretary Sean Spicer speaks in the briefing room of the White House in Washington, April 26, 2017.\nThe comment came as the secretary briefed reporters on the president's new proposal to overhaul taxes. Democrats have sought to use the tax debate to pressure Trump to release his returns, arguing the information is necessary to evaluate how Trump's tax proposals would affect his personal wealth and his business' bottom line.\nMnuchin declined to comment on how Trump would benefit from his proposals. He and other administration officials left the room as reporters shouted questions about how the plan would affect the Trump family.\nTrump, a billionaire, owns a global real estate, marketing and property management company, which at the start of his presidency he placed in a trust that he can revoke at any time. His daughter and son-in-law, White House advisers, are also holding onto significant business assets. And Trump's adult sons run his Trump Organization.\nTrump officials have offered varying explanations for why the president does not disclosure his returns.\nWhite House senior counselor Kellyanne Conway said in a television interview in January that the fact that he won the election without putting out the information shows that \"people didn't care\" about it.\nTrump's sons Eric and Donald Trump Jr. have made similar points in various interviews.\nThere's evidence the president has been thinking about the issue in recent weeks. He asked his friend and Las Vegas business partner Phil Ruffin, a fellow billionaire, whether he should put out the returns, Ruffin said.\n\"I advised him not to,\" Ruffin said. \"It's a waste of time, and he'll spend years explaining them and never get to accomplishing any of his goals.\"\nRuffin said he told the president that Democrats would hire \"armies of accountants\" to pore over the documents and \"make an issue out of any and everything.\"\nEven with Mnuchin's seemingly definitive answer, the issue of Trump's tax returns isn't likely to go away. Democrats have threatened to hold up his tax proposals until they see the returns.\nSenate Finance Committee Ranking Member Ron Wyden, a Democrat from Oregon, called Trump's tax plan \"unprincipled\" \u2014 and one that \"will result in cuts for the one percent, conflicts for the president, crippling debt for America and crumbs for the working people.\"\nDemocrats also have been pushing for a vote on a bill that would require the president and all major-party nominees to publicly disclose their previous three years of tax returns with the Office of Government Ethics or the Federal Election Commission.\nThe Democrats have initiated a petition process that would lead to a House vote if they can get a majority of lawmakers to sign it \u2014 an unlikely prospect, but one that gives Democrats a chance to highlight which Republicans declined to help with their effort.\n",
        "caption": "Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin, center, joined by National Economic Director Gary Cohn, center, and White House press secretary Sean Spicer speaks in the briefing room of the White House in Washington, April 26, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/E038083D-1B5A-437B-B3FE-AD1FDA6838BD.jpg",
        "id": "5433_2",
        "answer": [
            "declined to comment on how Trump would benefit from his proposals"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Mnuchin"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_26_3827018",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_26_3827018_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the man on the right expecting from the country across the ocean?",
        "context": "As Kerry Bids Farewell, Britain's Leaders Look Ahead\nLONDON \u2014\u00a0\nWith only days to go before the inauguration of U.S. President-elect Donald Trump ushers in a new era of trans-Atlantic ties, the Obama administration is working to reassure European allies that the fundamentals of the relationship remain unchanged.\nU.S. Secretary of State John Kerry arrived Monday in London, the second-to-the last stop of his final foreign tour.\nAmong critics of the outgoing administration on this side of the Atlantic, it has been a long goodbye and Kerry's visit appeared to be all but an afterthought on the agenda of British leaders as they focused more on looking ahead than reflecting on the past.\nBritain's Foreign Secretary Boris Johnson talks to Malta's Foreign Minister George Vella, (left) during a European Union foreign ministers meeting in Brussels, Belgium, January 16, 2017.\nTrump on Brexit\nA meeting with British Foreign Secretary Boris Johnson was to be on Syria and other issues. Kerry also held a low-key meeting with the Archbishop of Canterbury, Justin Welby, in which the two discussed international reconciliation.\nFor Britain's current leaders, however, the focus on Monday was more on the remarks that Trump has made in favor of Brexit, the British voters' decision to leave the European Union, and the new administration's assurances that new and better trade deals are on the horizon.\n\u201cWe hear that we are the first in line to do a great free trade deal with the United States,\u201d said Johnson last week after getting those assurances during a trip to the U.S. ahead of the inauguration.\nThe remark reflected new optimism following the Trump victory after outgoing President Barack Obama last year warned Britain it would go to the back of the line on trade deals if it voted to leave the European Union.\nWords of support for May\nThe assurances are welcome words for British Prime Minister Theresa May, who on Tuesday is set to deliver a speech at parliament outlining her plan for Brexit. May is expected to announce Britain will leave the European single market and analysts said assurances that the U.S. would sign a quick trade deal with Britain would help compensate for a withdrawal.\nWhether Trump will make getting Britain to the front of the line his administration's top priority remains somewhat in question. When the president-elect was asked in an interview with Britain's The Times and Germany's Bild newspapers this week whether that would indeed be the case, Trump's reply was, \u201cI think you're doing great.\u201d\n\u201cI thought the UK was so smart in getting out,\u201d Trump said. \u201cCountries want their own identity and the UK wanted its own identity but I do believe this: if they hadn't been forced to take in all of the refugees, so many, with all the problems that it entails, I think that you probably wouldn't have had a Brexit.\u201d\nGerman Chancellor Angela Merkel during news conference at the chancellery in Berlin, Germany, January 16, 2017.\nMerkel waiting\nIn the interview, Trump blasted the decision by German Chancellor Angela Merkel to call for Britain and other European Union members to accept migrant quotas and an open door policy in her own country.\n\u201cI think she made one very catastrophic mistake and that was taking in all of these illegals, taking all of the illegals from wherever they come from and nobody really knows where they came from. You'll find out,\u201d Trump said.\nAsked about Trump's criticism of her migrant policy, Merkel told reporters, \u201cI am personally waiting for the inauguration of the U.S. president. Then of course, we will work with him on all levels.\u201d\nIn remarks Monday, Kerry told CNN journalist Christiane Amanpour he thought it was \u201cinappropriate\u201d for a president-elect of the United States \u201cto be stepping into the politics in a quite direct manner.\u201d Kerry said Merkel has been \u201cextremely courageous\u201d in her response to the refugee crisis, which he acknowledged has \u201chad some problems.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "Britain's Foreign Secretary Boris Johnson talks to Malta's Foreign Minister George Vella, (left) during a European Union foreign ministers meeting in Brussels, Belgium, January 16, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/1B762F8D-A00F-43B6-8EF8-FF39CD337348.jpg",
        "id": "21117_2",
        "answer": [
            "a great free trade deal with the United States"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Boris Johnson"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_16_3678516",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_16_3678516_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What are the people in the image going to be used for?",
        "context": "Britain Moves Quickly to Quell Muslim Tensions\nLONDON \u2014\u00a0\nThe seconds after the rented van sped through bus lanes, jumped the sidewalk and plowed through a group of Muslim worshippers marked a crucial moment in Britain\u2019s bid to come to terms with its rapidly growing Muslim minority.\nOne person died in the incident, and at least 10 were injured.\nA video shot by a witness shows a chaotic scene in which scores of people angrily shove and push toward the suspect, some trying to beat him as he fought back.\n\u201cWe grabbed him,\u201d said Abdikadir Warfa, who was a few meters away when the van slammed into people, pinning at least one victim underneath. Warfa said the suspect, now identified as 47-year-old Darren Osborne, was pulled from the van. \u201cWe tried to hold him down. He\u2019s a very strong man. He hit people and was trying to escape,\u201d Warfa told VOA.\nPolice officers attend to the scene after a vehicle collided with pedestrians in the Finsbury Park neighborhood of North London, Britain, June 19, 2017.\nIt was then that an imam came to the scene and, by many accounts, kept the crowd from seriously harming Osborne.\nWarfa, like others at the scene, expressed relief that matters did not escalate, but he worries that continued attacks by Islamist extremists, and a potential rise in retaliatory strikes on British Muslims, could drive a wedge between Muslims and non-Muslims.\n\u201cIt looks like it will start a division, except if the government does something. The government needs to do something,\u201d Warfa said.\nWithin hours of the attack, British Prime Minister Theresa May declared the incident a potential act of terrorism and visited the scene, as did London Mayor Sadiq Khan, who appealed for calm and announced extra police officers would be deployed to secure mosques during the remainder of Ramadan. \nThe scene of Muslim residents grabbing and beating the white suspect demonstrated how close Britain could come to an explosion of ethnic tensions, observers said. The anger on the streets surrounding the Finsbury Park Mosque were palpable in the afternoon hours of Monday, as warm temperatures hit an unusual 32 degrees Celsius.\nSome residents, including British born Muslims, described the frustration and unease they\u2019ve experienced following the series of terrorist attacks.\nFarhia Ali, an IT student walking past the area cordoned off by police Monday, said she should not be held responsible for the actions of those who commit violence in the name of Islam.\n\u201cI\u2019ve been scared to be a Muslim walking the streets in a hijab for a very long time, but instances like this make me even more fearful of representing what (I) believe in, and that shouldn\u2019t be the case for anybody or any community in the United Kingdom,\u201d said Ali.\nBritain's opposition Labour Party leader, Jeremy Corbyn, meets local people in Finsbury Park Mosque, near the scene of an attack, in London, Britain, June 19, 2017.\nThe prime minister\u2019s decision to declare the incident a potential act of terrorism, and assertions by police that Darren Osborne may face charges of committing, preparing or instigating an act of terrorism soothed Muslim community leaders, who have been voicing concerns about retaliation against innocent Muslims after the recent spate of deadly attacks claimed by the Islamic State group at Westminster, Manchester Arena, and London Bridge.\n\u201cAfter the London Bridge attacks, the social media was [in] overdrive with hate against mosques,\u201d said Shaukat Warraich, head of Faith Associates, a Muslim non-profit group in London that recently issued a report to mosques recommending enhanced security measures in the wake of Islamist attacks.\nWarraich told VOA that although Monday\u2019s attack is the first of its kind and an isolated incident, he sees it as an indicator of rising tensions that need to be quelled between Britain\u2019s Muslims and non-Muslims.\n\u201cI\u2019m so happy that the prime minister clearly stated that this was a terrorist attack,\u201d he said. \u201cISIL and the far right are two faces of the same coin. ISIL is trying to radicalize Muslims but the far right is trying to radicalize white people against Muslims.\u201d\n\u201cWe will not allow this to divide the Muslim community and divide us against other non-Muslims,\u201d he said. \u201cLondon will not fold because of this. We will fight against this.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "Police officers attend to the scene after a vehicle collided with pedestrians in the Finsbury Park neighborhood of North London, Britain, June 19, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/5864F177-E0A0-4AAE-A10A-D1BBAD403898.jpg",
        "id": "30508_2",
        "answer": [
            "secure mosques during the remainder of Ramadan"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "police officers"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_19_3907055",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_19_3907055_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What event spurred the decision depicted on the placards in the image?",
        "context": "Philippines, Rebels to Restart Peace Talks, Cease-fire\nMANILA, PHILIPPINES \u2014\u00a0\nThe Philippine government and communist rebels have agreed to resume peace talks and restore separate cease-fires after an escalation of deadly clashes, officials said Sunday.\nGovernment and rebel negotiators will resume talks early next month and discuss the terms of a broader cease-fire, presidential adviser Jesus Dureza said. Norway, which has been brokering the negotiations, hosted two days of informal talks in the Netherlands that led to a decision to resume the negotiations on ending one of Asia's longest-running rebellions.\nThreat of all-out war\nJust three days ago, President Rodrigo Duterte threatened to unleash an all-out war against the New People's Army guerrillas after they killed four policemen and wounded another in an ambush in southern Davao del Sur province.\n\"I'm ready for all-out war, another 50 years,'' Duterte said Thursday at the policemen's wake. ``I can assure you that the armed forces and the Philippine National Police would respond. This time I'm using everything ... rockets and bombs.''\nDuterte did not mention the talks' resumption in his speech at the annual graduation of cadets at the Philippine Military Academy Sunday in northern Baguio city, where he instead condoled with the families of government troops who died in combat. He promised better and more weapons for soldiers and thanked \"those who risked their lives and limbs to defend this country's sovereignty as well as those who continue to offer their sweat and blood to fortify the pillars of a great nation that we are presently trying to build.\"\nThe military welcomed news of the breakthrough but said it would await formal notice from government negotiators and Duterte's instructions. \"Pending this, all military operations will continue and remain at current state,\" the military said in a statement.\nThe Maoist guerrillas said they would remain vigilant because of continuing military and police counterinsurgency operations but added they were optimistic with the talks' resumption.\n\"Instead of putting the lives of millions of people in harm's way, such as Duterte's all-out-war declaration, better yet we try to settle our differences on the negotiating table,\" said the rebels' Melito Glor command, which has a presence in the mountainous provinces south of Manila.\nNearly 50 years of war\n Founded in 1968, the rural-based guerrilla group has unsuccessfully tried to negotiate with five Philippine presidents before Duterte. Battle setbacks, surrenders and infighting have weakened the rebel group, which is considered a terrorist organization by the United States and remains a major Philippine security threat.\nThe rebels and the government declared separate cease-fires last year as they resumed peace talks. That allowed the government to withdraw troops from battlefields to focus on an offensive against the Abu Sayyaf and other Muslim extremist groups in the country's south.\nIn a joint statement with the rebels, the Philippines also agreed to release a rebel consultant to the talks and reinstate immunities from arrest for other guerrilla consultants. It pledged to release soon four other consultants and 19 detainees the guerrillas regard as political prisoners.\n",
        "caption": " Protesters rally outside Camp Aguinaldo, the general headquarters of the Philippine armed forces, to protest alleged \"all-out war\" being waged by the military and police against communist rebels following the recent collapse of the peace talks, March 7, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/755BBA5F-2C6C-4FE8-9EF8-FB3F4B2C053F.jpg",
        "id": "23734_1",
        "answer": [
            "they killed four policemen and wounded another in an ambush in southern Davao del Sur province"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "all-out war"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_12_3761975",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_12_3761975_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What do people like those in the image want?",
        "context": "Malawi Farmers Want Maize Export Ban Lifted\nBLANTYRE, MALAWI \u2014\u00a0\nThree years of El Nino-induced drought and flooding left half of Malawi's population dependent on food aid, but this year, the country is reporting a good maize harvest. Malawi\u2019s government banned the export of maize and maize products in 2015 amid food shortages.\nBut now things are changing.\nLatest crop production estimates by the Ministry of Agriculture show that maize production will rise to 3.2 million tons, up from last year\u2019s 2.3 million tons.\nThe surplus has already sent local selling prices tumbling. The Farmers Union of Malawi said in a statement that \u201cmaize prices in the eastern region of Africa range from $300 to $700 per metric ton.\" Farmers say that is almost triple what local buyers offer.\n\u201cThey should lift the export ban on maize,\" says Felix Jumbe, a commercial maize farmer in central Malawi. \"That would unlock the prices that are too low at the moment. Because K50, K30 per kilogram is equally stealing from farmers by vendors.\u201d\nThe government insists that the food security situation remains uncertain and it will not lift the export ban on maize.\nJumbe, who is also the chairperson for the Alliance for Commodity Trade in East and Southern Africa, says if anything, there is a need for a compromise via ADMARC, the national grain marketer, or NFRA, the National Food Reserve Agency.\n\u201cI would suggest that the government should buy all the maize through ADMARC or NFRA at an export parity price \u2013 the same price that they would export \u2013 then the farmers will have the money and the government will have the stock,\" Jumbe says.\nThe government says it does not have the funds to do that.\n\u201cI am sure you are aware that in 2002 we were in a similar situation,\" notes Joseph Mwanamveka, Minister of Industry, Trade and Tourism. \"We had surplus maize and we never kept, and then we sold the maize to Kenya. And then we ended up in a shortfall and then we were looking around to buy back the maize that we sold.\u201d\nFor the past three years, over half of Malawi's population has been relying on food aid such as the maize loaded on this truck at the WFP warehouse in Blantyre. (Photo: Lameck Masina for VOA)\nMwanamveka says this time, the government will have to assess the situation before allowing exports.\n\u201cThere are surveys that need to be done and establish how much we keep in strategic grain reserve and how much should we export. We have not reached that stage yet,\" he says. \"So once it has been established that we have enough, not only for this year, because people are just looking for this year, we will be able to allow exports.\u201d\nRafik Hajat, the executive director of the Blantyre-based research organization Institute for Policy Interaction, says the government is right to be cautious. Hajat recommends the ban remain in place until the National Food Reserve has stocked at least a two-year supply of maize.\n\u201cWe have no guarantee that we will have rains next year. We haven\u2019t implemented [an] irrigation scheme as planned. So I am reminded of the dream that the pharaoh had in Egypt of seven years of plenty and followed by seven years of starvation,\" Hajat says.\nFILE - Subsistence farmer Nelson Sikanawawe walks through his field of maize after late rains near the capital Lilongwe, Malawi.\nThe Farmers Union of Malawi warns that the low price farmers are currently fetching for their maize could leave them at risk of hunger and deepening poverty as they will have to sell larger quantities of their harvests this year to make ends meet.\nMeanwhile, the government has deployed the military in all border districts to enforce the export ban. Malawi\u2019s president, Peter Mutharika, made the order two months ago after police in northern Malawi impounded over 30 trucks loaded with maize intended for illegal export to neighboring Tanzania.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Subsistence farmer Nelson Sikanawawe walks through his field of maize after late rains near the capital Lilongwe, Malawi.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/169AA308-9116-4BD5-8703-21A87B6AE1AF.jpg",
        "id": "4033_3",
        "answer": [
            "Maize Export Ban Lifted"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "farmer"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_26_3872378",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_26_3872378_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where do the people in the image still need to progress?",
        "context": "Fears of Islamic State\u2019s Long Game Persist as Caliphate Crumbles\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nAcross much of Iraq and parts of Syria, the Islamic State terror group is in retreat. Yet, Iraqi and U.S. officials tell VOA they have a creeping fear that the larger war is still very much undecided.\nTo be clear, few worry IS will again be able to make the kind of sudden, massive land grab it did in 2013 and 2014 when, bolstered by tens of thousands of foreign fighters, it captured one Iraqi city after another.\nRather, they fear something more subtle: that the resilient terror group has played the long game well enough that even as its self-declared caliphate teeters on the verge of collapse, it will be a force to reckon with for some time to come.\n\"They have sleeper cells. They have networks,\" Najmaldin Karim, the governor of Iraq's Kirkuk province, said during a recent visit to Washington. \"They exist everywhere.\"\nThe extent to which IS has permeated Iraqi society, despite losing its grip on upward of 65 percent of the territory it once controlled, is difficult to estimate. But Iraqi and U.S. officials caution that IS has found ways to slip past even the most watchful eyes.\nTeenage fighters\nPerhaps the terror group's most successful and insidious tactic is its use of teenagers, young enough to avoid suspicion but old enough to be highly effective. U.S. and Iraqi officials describe them as the first wave of brainwashed youth truly capable of serving IS's cause. \n\"Those who were 14 or 15 years old when ISIS came, now they are very active,\" Karim said, describing them as hardened veterans.\nFILE - A still image taken Dec. 11, 2016, from a video released by Islamic State-affiliated Amaq news agency Dec. 10, 2016, purports to show Islamic State fighters advancing over the Hayan mountain south of Palmyra.\n\"They are not included in databases,\" he added. \"They can easily mix with the IDPs [internally displaced persons], come into camps and enter cities without anybody knowing. They think they are just kids.\"\nU.S. officials have been reluctant to estimate how many teenagers IS is using or has tried to use to establish sleeper cells in IDP camps or in other areas where it has ceded control. \nBut some aid groups say the extent to which IS has sought to use children may be like nothing anyone has seen before.\n\"The challenges created by the systematic use of children by armed groups in Iraq are unprecedented in scope and scale,\" the U.N. child relief agency (UNICEF) told VOA in a statement, adding the problem remains \"difficult to address in Iraq's complex environment.\"\nAnd it's not just teenagers. Older IS fighters are also trying to sneak through the screening process or simply embed themselves in predominantly Sunni areas.\nFinding sleepers\nU.S. defense officials have said even relatively recently liberated areas, like Manbij, Syria, where the U.S. has maintained a small military presence, are not immune to sleeper cells.\n\"They are hiding amongst the civilian population all over Iraq and Syria,\" Lieutenant General Stephen Townsend, commander of Combined Joint Task Force \u2014 Operation Inherent Resolve, told reporters this month. \"We're focused on chasing them out in a sort of sequential campaign.\n\"It's our intent with our partners to go root them out of the other population centers first and then chase them into the valleys and river valleys and palm groves and the rural areas.\"\nBut with Iraqi and other coalition-backed forces still focused on Mosul and Raqqa, any comprehensive rooting out has yet to begin. And there are areas in Iraq and Syria, along both the border and in the Euphrates River Valley, where IS still has considerable freedom of movement and influence.\nU.S. forces take up positions on the outskirts of the Syrian town, Manbij, a flashpoint between Turkish troops and allied Syrian fighters and U.S.-backed Kurdish fighters, March 7, 2017.\nThere is also evidence of IS fighters trying to regroup in Hawija, in Iraq's Kirkuk province, where according to the provincial governor, about 1,000 militants are keeping the population at bay.\n\"They [IS forces] still possess large numbers of basic arms, ammunition and explosive material,\" said a U.S. defense official.\n\"I think they still believe that they can function and are still making plans to function as a pseudostate,\" the official added.\nGauging IS force\nAnd despite U.S. data, which suggest as many as 60,000 IS fighters have been killed in airstrikes alone, the terror group still possesses a significant fighting force.\nU.S. military officials put the number at 12,000 to 15,000 militants, roughly split between Iraq and Syria, and they estimate that almost a third are willing to die for the cause.\n\"Having watched ISIL now for its two-plus years of existence, I don't expect ISIL to suddenly collapse from a lack of morale,\" Townsend said this month, using another acronym for the terror group.\n\"The foreign fighter percentage, those hard-case guys, are probably only about 10 percent of the enemy's ranks,\" he said. \"There's probably another 10 or 20 percent that are very hardened local fighters and regional fighters.\"\nAs for the average IS fighter, \"he's probably willing to follow the orders of his leadership,\" Townsend said.\nU.S. and Iraqi officials see indications that those orders are increasingly focused not on preserving the remnants of the group's caliphate but on sowing terror and division across Iraq's ethnic and sectarian lines.\n\"The caliphate will come to an end in Iraq; they will no longer be able to hold territory,\" said Bayan Sami Abdul Rahman, the Kurdistan Regional Government's representative to the U.S. \"But we believe the terrorism will continue.\"\nGoing local\nIntelligence officials believe IS has been slowly but surely adapting its strategy for nearly a year, pointing to the last audio message from former spokesman Abu Muhammad al-Adnani.\nSmoke rises from the old city during a battle against Islamic State militants, in Mosul, Iraq, March 26, 2017.\n\"Will we be defeated and you victorious if you took Mosul or Sirte or Raqqa or all the cities \u2014 and we returned as we were in the beginning?\" Adnani asked last May. \"No, defeat is losing the will and the desire to fight.\"\nIS leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi further laid the groundwork for the shift in November, saying in an audio message distributed online that \"this total war and the great jihad only increased our firm belief, God willing, and our conviction that this is all a prelude to victory.\"\n\"It's ISIS morphing into an al-Qaida model where they don't plant flags, they don't say they own this neighborhood, they don't say they own this town, but they're able to conduct terrorist operations out of them \u2014 car bombs, assassinations, start recruiting, start intimidating the reconciliation process,\" Michael Pregent, a former intelligence officer now with the Hudson Institute, a Washington think tank, warned during a panel discussion last month.\nThe KRG's Rahman believes with trust among Iraq's various communities already at a low point, every terror attack IS is able to pull off allows the group to sink its roots even deeper.\n\"It's a local entity,\" she said. \"Ultimately, ISIS grew out as an offshoot of al-Qaida in Iraq and then a sort of pulling together of Baathists who still hanker to come back to power and also the Sunni public \u2014 not necessarily the Baathists or the extremists, but the Sunni public who felt totally marginalized.\"\nLibyan forces allied with the U.N.-backed government walk through a destroyed building during a battle with Islamic State militants in Sirte, Libya, Oct. 2, 2016.\nLibya threat\nAs an example of how things could play out in Iraq, some U.S. officials point to Libya, where IS has held on despite a series of major losses, including its coastal stronghold of Sirte.\n\"Anywhere you have a weak or unstable or no government, that's a breeding ground for ISIS,\" U.S. Africa Command's General Thomas Waldhauser told Pentagon reporters last week. \"Consequently, with the situation in Libya as it is, ISIS has not left.\"\nSome analysts argue the ability of IS to maintain some semblance of command and control in Libya, where its core force was whittled from thousands of fighters to just a few hundred, may not bode well for Iraq, where a greater number of fighters have local ties.\n\"Grievances are being created. There's no sign even halfway competent governance is going to fill the void,\" said Daveed Gartenstein-Ross, a senior fellow at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies, a terrorism research group.\n\"That should be of deep concern,\" he said. \"It's possible to win this battle against ISIS and yet in terms of the broader war against Islamic militancy to have either ISIS make a comeback or al-Qaida to fill in the void or some other group.\"\n",
        "caption": "Iraq's federal police forces celebrate as they hold a flag of the Islamic State group they captured after regaining control of Gawsaq neighborhood in the western side of Mosul, Iraq, Feb. 27. 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B05D43A4-8B3F-4993-9A80-00AED5CDBFB7.jpg",
        "id": "24332_1",
        "answer": [
            "Mosul and Raqqa"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "forces"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_28_3785378",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_28_3785378_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Why did the individuals in the image gather?",
        "context": "Sept. 11 Families Sue Saudi Arabia over 9/11 Attacks\nNEW YORK \u2014\u00a0\nHundreds of relatives of those killed on Sept. 11 have sued Saudi Arabia, joining many others who have tried to hold the kingdom responsible for the attacks.\nLike other recent actions, the lawsuit filed Monday capitalizes on last year's decision by Congress to let victims sue Saudi Arabia. It seeks unspecified damages.\nEarlier attempts to hold Saudi Arabia responsible over the past 15 years have failed. Fifteen of the 19 attackers who hijacked planes to carry out the attacks in New York, Washington and Pennsylvania were Saudis.\nThe 9/11 Commission report found \"no evidence that the Saudi government as an institution or senior Saudi officials individually funded\" the attacks. But the commission also said there's a \"likelihood\" that Saudi-government-sponsored charities did.\nLawyers for Saudi Arabia did not immediately comment.\n",
        "caption": "A group of Sept. 11 families and supporters rally during a news conference, Feb. 16, 2017, in New York. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D1DA3DB1-3E51-4FBA-82A8-F128EB8AC6E6.jpg",
        "id": "3568_1",
        "answer": [
            "to hold the kingdom responsible for the attacks"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Sept. 11"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_21_3775665",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_21_3775665_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What vehicle initiated the spreading of the plume in the image?",
        "context": "Major Clashes Reported in Damascus after Anti-government Rebels Infiltrate Tunnels\nSyrian forces and rebels battled on the fringes of Damascus Sunday after the insurgents infiltrated the capital through tunnels overnight and staged a surprise assault on government-held parts of the city.\nThe rebels began the day with two car bombs and several suicide attacks, the British-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights monitoring group reported. The insurgents seized several buildings in the Jobar neighborhood of the heavily fortified city, about two kilometers northeast of the old city walls, with residents saying that artillery shells and rockets were landing inside the heart of the city.But after the initial rebel advance, the monitoring group said that government warplanes strafed insurgent positions with more than 30 air strikes, the latest chapter in what is now a six-year conflict.\nSmoke billows following a reported air strike in the rebel-held parts of the Jobar district, on the eastern outskirts of the Syrian capital Damascus, March 19, 2017.\nState media said troops loyal to President Bashar al-Assad had successfully \"blocked an attack by terrorists on military points and residential buildings in Jobar.\"\nHeavy explosions erupted in the background as state television broadcast live from Abbasiyin Square, normally teeming with activity but empty after the army ordered residents to stay inside.\n",
        "caption": "Smoke billows following a reported air strike in the rebel-held parts of the Jobar district, on the eastern outskirts of the Syrian capital Damascus, March 19, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/29848674-E342-44BF-8AD6-12C892F42B6D.jpg",
        "id": "28984_2",
        "answer": [
            "government warplanes"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "air strikes"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_19_3772738",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_19_3772738_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the man in the image do?",
        "context": "Trump's Loss is Li's Gain as Berlin Rolls Out Red Carpet for China's PM\nBERLIN \u2014\u00a0\nChina's Prime Minister Li Keqiang arrived in Berlin on Wednesday at the start of a European tour, poised to jump into the global climate change leadership gap left by U.S. President Donald Trump's impending withdrawal from the Paris climate pact.\nChina's number two official was received with military honors at Chancellor Angela Merkel's office, becoming the second leader of a rising Asian giant to visit in as many days after India's Narendra Modi.\nThe flurry of visits comes as concern grows in traditionally Atlanticist Germany at Trump's forthcoming announcement on the Paris Climate Accord, designed to reduce the carbon dioxide emissions scientists blame for rising sea levels and droughts.\nOne source briefed on the decision said Trump would pull out of the pact.\nGerman Chancellor Angela Merkel and Chinese Premier Li Keqiang review the guard of honor during a welcome ceremony at the Chancellery in Berlin, Germany, May 31, 2017.\nAt the G-7 summit of wealthy nations this weekend, European and Canadian officials warned Trump that the U.S. risked ceding global leadership on combating climate change to China if it withdrew from the pact.\nChina, long recognized as the world's dominant trading power, now hopes that by showing leadership on the fight against climate change it can translate its economic might into yet greater political influence.\n\"With the One Belt One Road initiative, China has promoted itself as the country leader in environmental topics and multilateralism,\" said one senior adviser to a G-7 government, referring to China's newly-created Eurasian cooperation forum.\nUnder Merkel, a passionate fan of the United States as a teenager growing up in communist East Germany, Europe's richest country has been steadfast in its Atlanticism, even during the presidency of George W. Bush, which was marked by unilateral U.S. actions.\nBy contrast, relations between the world's two exporting giants have often been tense, with China's plans to introduce a minimum quota for electric vehicle sales a thorny current issue that Germany is expected to raise at this visit. A quota would hurt Germany's still internal combustion-focused car industry.\nBut since the G-7 summit, Merkel and other senior German politicians have signaled that they do not see a Trump-led U.S. as a reliable partner on a host of issues from free trade to climate change.\nOn Tuesday, she congratulated Modi for India's \"intensive\" commitment to the climate pact during his visit, which was seen as a sign of Berlin shifting its focus toward Asia in response to Trump's stance.\nAfter Berlin, Li will continue to Brussels, where, at a China-European Union summit, both sides are expected to make a declaration on their commitment to tackling climate change \u2014 a proclamation designed to send a strong message to Trump.\n",
        "caption": "German Chancellor Angela Merkel and China's Premier Li Keqiang joke prior to a meeting at the Chancellery in Berlin, Germany, May 31, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/53FCCB2B-08E3-4810-AAD3-637AD002B661.jpg",
        "id": "18840_1",
        "answer": [
            "arrived in Berlin on Wednesday"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Li Keqiang"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_31_3881571",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_31_3881571_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in the image with long hair say?",
        "context": "Minnesota Hoping for All-clear After Measles Outbreak in Somali-American Community\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nMinnesota has had 78 cases of measles so far this year, eight more than in the entire United States in 2016.\nThere have been no new cases in the state since June 16, but health officials are waiting for two 21-day incubation periods to pass without new infections before they declare the outbreak over.\nThe virus broke out in the Somali-American community in Minneapolis. No one knows how measles came to Minnesota, since the disease no longer occurs naturally in the U.S.\nState health workers identified nearly 9,000 people who were exposed to the measles infection. Those people had to be watched, immunized, if they were not vaccinated, and isolated if they became sick. Most of those who were exposed had already been vaccinated.\n\"It tells us that the vaccine works really, really well,\" said Patsy Stinchfield, an infectious disease nurse practitioner who said she worked in \"the eye of the storm\" at Children's Minnesota hospital.\nPrevious outbreak\nStinchfield has been involved in vaccine work since a measles outbreak in 1990 claimed the lives of three children, two at Children's Minnesota.\nFILE - In this May 2, 2017 photo, Patsy Stinchfield, left, senior director of infection control at Children's Minnesota in Minneapolis, talks with nurse Kathy Kaul about a measles screening questionnaire that hospital staff are using to assess a patient's\n\"Measles is such a highly contagious disease; all you have to do is be in the same room with someone who is breathing it,\" Stinchfield said during an interview with VOA via Skype. Ninety percent of those exposed will go on to develop the disease unless they have been vaccinated or have already suffered the infection.\nStinchfield described efforts at Children's Minnesota to contain the infectious disease. She said nurses wearing face masks met people at the doors of the hospital emergency room and at the facility's clinics. They also required the patients to do the same.\nAll but two of those who contracted measles were children. Twenty-one were hospitalized, mostly for dehydration. There is no treatment for measles, only for its symptoms.\nThe virus broke out in the mostly Muslim Somali-American community so health workers met with the community's religious leaders, who invited Stinchfield and others to provide information to their followers about the vaccine and measles itself. The imams also encouraged parents to have their children vaccinated.\nStinchfield said Somali-Americans, at one time, had the highest rates of vaccinations against measles in the entire state. Then, she said, the vaccination rate dropped dramatically after anti-vaccination groups told the community that the MMR vaccine, which protects against measles, mumps and rubella, could cause autism.\n\"I would say almost exclusively the whole responsibility lands on the anti-vaccine movement, and the reason is misinformation and myths spread about a link between MMR and autism, of which there is none, and science has proven that not to be true,\" Stinchfield said.\nIn interviews with Somali mothers last month, VOA's Somali Service found that anti-vaccine views in the state are widespread.\nKnown history with measles\nIn Somalia, measles is widespread, Stinchfield said, and those in the Somali-American community are familiar with the disease and know that it can kill.\nAmira Hassan, of Burnsville, Minnesota, plays in the waiting room at the specialty clinic at Children's Minnesota in Minneapolis, Minnesota, May 2, 2017.\n\"They did not think that measles would be in the United States, and so the level of fear was greater for autism,\" Stinchfield said. \"This has now shifted, because the level of fear and the level of fear for measles is great because these families know measles. They\u2019ve had loved ones die of measles in Somalia.\"\nMeasles can cause a number of medical problems.\n\"The people who decline vaccines are actually increasing their risk for neurological problems ... encephalitis, brain infections, developmental delay, and it is absolutely taking a risk to do nothing, to decline vaccines,\" Stinchfield said.\nSome researchers, such as Daniel Salmon at the Johns Hopkins University's Institute for Vaccine Safety, maintain that the rubella vaccine can prevent autism. Rubella, which is also prevented by the MMR vaccine, is generally a mild disease, but 90 percent of infants suffer complications, including brain damage, if a pregnant woman contracts it during her first trimester.\nMembers of anti-vaccine groups, however, say that vaccines expose children to health risks and can cause harm. But, Stinchfield cites the higher health risks of not being vaccinated.\n\"Anything that can cause neurological impairment should be avoided and so, for example, with measles disease, one in a thousand cases from measles can have encephalitis with permanent brain damage, whereas one in one million doses of measles, mumps, rubella vaccine can have anaphylaxis,\" a severe, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction to the vaccine, \"and so it really is important to prevent the disease, which is a greater chance of having brain issues.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - In this May 2, 2017 photo, Patsy Stinchfield, left, senior director of infection control at Children's Minnesota in Minneapolis, talks with nurse Kathy Kaul about a measles screening questionnaire that hospital staff are using to assess a patient's",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/506C7167-3DD2-476F-BE47-53FDB9DB6571.jpg",
        "id": "6140_2",
        "answer": [
            "the vaccine works really, really well",
            "It tells us that the vaccine words really, really well. "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Patsy Stinchfield"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_29_3921139",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_29_3921139_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person with the red tie in the image create?",
        "context": "Trump Signs Order Creating Accountability Office at VA\nPresident Donald Trump on Thursday created an office at the Department of Veterans Affairs to improve accountability and protect whistleblowers, calling it a \"bold step forward.\"\nTrump, who made improving veterans' care a prominent issue in his presidential campaign, said the Office of Accountability and Whistleblower Protection will make clear \"that we will never, ever tolerate substandard care for our great veterans.\" VA Secretary David Shulkin said the office will help identify \"barriers\" that make it difficult for the department to fire or reassign bad managers or employees.\nAnother function of the office will be to help shield whistleblowers from retaliation.\n\"With the creation of this office, we are sending a strong message: Those who fail our veterans will be held, for the first time, accountable,\" Trump said at the VA before signing an executive order to create the office. \"And at the same time, we will reward and retain the many VA employees who do a fantastic job, of which we have many.\"\nPresident Donald Trump, accompanied by Vice President Mike Pence, left, speaks before signing an Executive Order on \"Improving Accountability and Whistleblower Protection\" at the Department of Veterans Affairs in Washington, April 27, 2017.\nThe move follows Trump's signing last week of a bill that extends a VA program that allowed some veterans to seek medical care outside of the department's troubled health system.\nIn 2014, as many as 40 veterans died as they spent months waiting for appointments at the VA medical center in Phoenix. Officials there were found to have manipulated appointment data and engaged in other schemes in attempt to cover up the backlog.\nTrump also joined veterans' groups in calling on the Senate to pass a pending accountability measure.\nThe House has already passed a bill to make it make it easier for the VA to fire, suspend or demote employees for poor performance or bad conduct, but the Senate continues to work on its version of the legislation. Shulkin said Trump's decision to create the office even before Congress sends him a bill speaks to his commitment to accountability at the VA.\n\"He's asking through his executive order for VA to do everything that it can internally,\" Shulkin said Wednesday at a White House briefing. \"But we know that that's not going to be enough to get done what I want to get done, which is to be able to, once we identify people that need to leave the organization, to get them out quickly. So I do need legislative help as well.\"\nImprove care, reduce fraud and abuse\nThe VA said it will have an executive director for the accountability office by mid-June. The director will help identify ways the VA secretary can discipline or terminate a VA manager or employee as well as reward top performers. The VA has often complained it can't discipline or remove employees due to a lengthy union grievance process.\nVeterans Affairs Secretary David Shulkin speaks before President Donald Trump signs an Executive Order on \"Improving Accountability and Whistleblower Protection\" at the Department of Veterans Affairs in Washington, April 27, 2017.\nShulkin also announced additional steps Thursday to improve VA care and to reduce waste, fraud and abuse at the department through a task force made up of private-sector and government groups.\nThe VA also plans to partner with the Department of Health and Human Services to allow medical professionals from the U.S. Public Health Service Commissioned Corps to help provide care to veterans at VA facilities in underserved areas. Shulkin has said that his reform effort includes building a more \"integrated\" model of VA care that uses private doctors and doctors from other federal agencies.\nThe VA will also exempt state-owned veteran nursing homes from federal requirements to remove red tape and offer veterans more services, Shulkin said.\nMeanwhile, veterans' groups want the Senate to act soon to send the accountability legislation to Trump for his signature.\n\"The longer the Senate waits, the longer veterans will suffer,\" said Mark Lucas, executive director of Concerned Veterans for America.\nNo new hiring\nThe new VA office will also investigate reports of retaliation against VA employees who expose illegal or unethical conduct, Shulkin said, adding that \"we will take actions\" if it is determined that an employee whistleblower has been subjected to retaliation for coming forward.\nNo new hiring will be done for the office. Existing VA employees will be transferred there, despite department-wide employee shortages and a decision to leave thousands of VA positions unfilled. Shulkin said he didn't have dollar figures for how much the office would cost, but said it will require a \"substantial commitment.\"\nThe executive order is one of several Trump is signing this week as he seeks to score accomplishments before Saturday, his symbolic 100th day in office.\n",
        "caption": "President Donald Trump, accompanied by Veterans Affairs Secretary David Shulkin, center right, and veterans, signs an Executive Order on \"Improving Accountability and Whistleblower Protection\" at the Department of Veterans Affairs in Washington, April 27, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/E0B64226-C887-4F38-B23C-5DEA821A4E34.jpg",
        "id": "11582_1",
        "answer": [
            "a more \"integrated\" model of VA care that uses private doctors and doctors from other federal agencies",
            "None",
            "a task force made up of private-sector and government groups."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "David Shulkin",
            "Shulkin"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_27_3829259",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_27_3829259_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who is the person with the red tie in the image trying to appeal to?",
        "context": "Tension Rising Between Regional Rivals Turkey and Iran\nISTANBUL \u2014\u00a0\nTensions are on the rise between Turkey and Iran. A growing war of words between the countries' diplomats has brought to the surface simmering competition for influence in the region.\n\u201cIran is an important neighbor to us. We have always been in dialogue with Iran. But it does not mean we will ignore Iran\u2019s efforts in penetrating the region,\u201d said Turkish presidential spokesman Ibrahim Kalin in the latest thinly veiled threat between the countries during his weekly news conference.\nKalin was responding to comments by Ali Akbar Velayati, a key adviser to Iranian Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, who told Turkish soldiers to leave Iraq and Syria, or the people would \u201ckick them out.\u201d\n\u201cThey are very serious, I mean the competition between Iran and Turkey, everyone knows it, it's like two elephants in a small room,\u201d warns political consultant Atilla Yesilada of Global Source Partners. \u201cIran is clearly an expansionist country, their goal of building a Shia circle all the way from Tehran to Lebanon is no secret, at least from the Turkish perspective.\u201d\nExperts say religious sectarianism underscores the tensions between predominantly Shia Iran and mostly Sunni Turkey.\nTurkish president Recep Tayyip Erdogan likes to present himself as a protector of Sunni Muslim rights and has accused Iran of pursuing a policy of religious sectarianism, a charge Tehran denies. Earlier this month, Erdogan accused the Tehran-backed Hezbollah movement of being a terrorist organization.\nDanger of overreach\nBut there are voices in Turkey questioning whether Ankara is in danger of overreach. \u201cWhat is our military strength, what is our foreign policy strength, what is our intelligence strength,\u201d asks former senior Turkish diplomat Aydin Selcen, suggesting Ankara should consider tempering its confrontational stance. \u201cAre we a regional power? Yes. Are we a global power? No. Are we a regional power which can have its way in all issues? No, we have to work with other regional powers like Iran.\u201d\nErdogan has been turning to other Sunni countries in the region for support.\nFILE - Demonstrators shout slogans during a protest against Iran's role in Aleppo, Syria, near the Iranian Consulate in Istanbul, Turkey, Dec. 16, 2016. The conflicts in Syria and Iraq have further chrystalized differences between Turkey and Iran both of which jockey for influence in the region.\nThis month, he visited Saudi Arabia and the Gulf States for talks observers say focused on curtailing Iran\u2019s influence. Analysts suggest Ankara\u2019s assertive stance could be influenced by U.S. President Donald Trump.\n\u201cWith Trump, flexing his muscles against Tehran, Ankara may have sensed an opportunity to bring this antagonism into the open and to finally resolve this longstanding low level conflict in Syria and Iraq space,\u201d suggests consultant Yesilada. \nProxy wars\nBut he warns Ankara could pay a heavy price. \u201cThat of course is also very costly, for one thing we have a gas deal with Iran, we have great hopes of economic cooperation. And finally of course Iran is not a country that easily gives up on its strategic advantages and currently it holds the upper hand in Iraq and Syria,\u201d said Yesilada.\nThe repercussions for Ankara are not likely to be confined to trade, with Tehran being an expert in fighting proxy wars. Regional reports say Tehran is seeking to court Kurdish insurgent group the PKK and its affiliates across the region.\n\u201cIran may use the Kurdish card. Turkey has been accusing Iran in the past of somehow harboring and assisting the PKK,\u201d claims political columnist Semih Idiz of the Al Monitor website. \u201cBut there is a dilemma. Iran has its own problem with its own restive Kurdish minority, is it could get its own hands burned.\u201d\nTurkey, the United States and the European Union consider the PKK a terrorist organization.\nIran unshackled\nDespite the dangers of confronting Tehran, analyst Yesilada suggests Ankara believes it has little choice. \u201cIran, unshackled from international sanctions from its nuclear expansion, will hem Turkey in and we will be unable to trade with our Arab partners, once it completes its Syria and Iraq project,\u201d predicts Yesilada.\nAnalysts suggest Iranian-Turkish tensions are set to continue to rise as they jockey for influence.\nBoth countries, historic regional powers, have a long history of managing their conflicting interests and balancing rivalry, and cooperation is often how bilateral relations are characterized. Idiz predicts the latest bout of tensions will test that balancing act.\n\u201cWe are coming to a very decisive moment in Syria and Iraq and these [Iranian-Turkish] tensions are a product of that. But the two countries have a tradition of trying not to allow differences to boil over. But what this latest diplomatic exchange has done has shown everybody that the two countries are very much on different sides in the Middle East. The danger is if some kind of accident, if there is a clash between Iranian and Turkish-supported forces, then things could get out of hand given both countries have very nationalistic populations,\u201d said Idiz.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Iran's President Hassan Rouhani, left, and his Turkish counterpart Recep Tayyip Erdogan speak during a joint news conference in Ankara, Turkey, April 16, 2016. \u0422he two countries are now seen as very much on different sides in the Middle East.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/A00F8369-8C80-4D3B-A8B3-2D57970E0ABF.jpg",
        "id": "21739_1",
        "answer": [
            "other Sunni countries",
            "None",
            "Sunni Muslim"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Tayyip Erdogan",
            "Recep Tayyip Erdogan"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_22_3735425",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_22_3735425_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who is in charge of the effort that created the chart in the image?",
        "context": "Using Social Media, Carter Center Maps Syria Conflict\nATLANTA \u2014\u00a0\nAs the director of the Carter Center's Conflict Resolution Program, Lebanese-born Hrair Balian had a problem at the onset of the war in Syria in 2011.\n\"There really was a shortage of reliable information of developments on the ground,\" he told VOA in an interview at the Atlanta headquarters of the Carter Center. \"All we were seeing was propaganda.\"\nThe widely used quote, \"The first casualty when war comes is truth,\" is evident today in Syria, where journalists have been killed and others forced or frightened out of the country. \nDespite a gap in media coverage, however, a then-enterprising intern discovered reliable information was available, hiding in plain sight, due largely to the fact the Syrian conflict unfolded in a part of the world where many are connected, digitally.\n\"Syrians, and people in the Middle East in general, are two to four times more likely to share information about politics, and religious views online,\" said that former intern, Christopher McNaboe, citing a Pew Research Center study on social media habits of those living in the Middle East.\n\"In the case of Syria, there's just too much. Videos, Facebook posts, tweets, blogs, photos, you name it...Syrians are very active and passionate about getting information out,\" he said.\n\"One of the first things we started seeing online was the announcement of defections. As the conflict turned violent, people started defecting from the Syrian security forces. And they did so online.\"\nMcNaboe began documenting where those defections occurred in Syria, who the defectors aligned with, and who was joining them. It was information that started to give Balian a better understanding of the growing complexities of the conflict.\n\"Through this process, we've been able to document the formation of over 7,000 opposition armed groups in Syria. Not all of them remain active to this day.\"\nFrom a laptop computer, McNaboe demonstrates how he has compiled and charted the information, using different colored dots on an interactive map to show the positions of a variety of groups engaged in the conflict, over different periods of time. This interactive map allows users to watch the evolution of the conflict and the changing front lines of the war. Almost all of the information that helps illustrate the map is culled from the volume of material publicly available on social media.\nThe Carter Center's dynamic conflict map of Syria, which provides provide mediators and humanitarian responders with up-to-date, information on developments throughout Syria.\n\"The information available online ranges anywhere from political statements, and defections, and armed group formations, to footage of the actual fighting, and humanitarian relief efforts; you name it,\" says McNaboe. \n\"I think the Syrian conflict represents a major paradigm shift, a major change in the way in which conflict plays out,\" he adds. \"Previous conflicts did not take place in connected environments like Syria. There wasn't YouTube. There wasn't Twitter.\"\nWatching and documenting the information in that connected environment is now McNaboe's full-time job as director of the Syria Conflict Mapping Project at the Carter Center, which former President Jimmy Carter says has been particularly useful for humanitarian organizations.\n\"So when the United Nations needs to find the best avenue to take in relief supplies, we can tell them which way to go,\" he told VOA in a recent, exclusive interview.\nFormer President Jimmy Carter talks to VOA's Kane Farabaugh at the Carter Center in Atlanta.\nThe Carter Center also shares some of its Syria maps and reports publicly, making them available to non-profit organizations, governments and the news media. \n\"We give the same information to The New York Times, and to The Economist magazine, and other notable news media, so they can be accurate when they describe the location of folks inside Syria,\" Carter says.\nAccuracy was part of Carter's motivation to share the information with Russian President Vladimir Putin when his forces entered Syria in 2015.\n\"When he got ready to join in, and bomb, factions within Syria, I wanted to make sure he would bomb the right ones or at least he knew what he was bombing,\" Carter said. \"So I sent him a message through his embassy and told him we have this capability within Syria to tell you where people are located; do you want to have that? So the next day I got a response from him, 'Yes, I would like to have your maps.' So we sent our maps, on a current basis, to President Putin.\"\nMcNaboe says the intention was to engage in \"direct and frank contact with the Russian government\" and put the Russians on notice the Carter Center could monitor their targets in Syria; but, he stresses there is limited military value in the information the center compiles and shares.\n\"If you were analyzing exactly where an armed group were announcing themselves, maybe you could act upon it, but it's unlikely that it would be timely enough for actual military action,\" he says. \"What we report on publicly, things like front lines, are widely known; but, we analyze and structure the data in ways so that we can get insights to the bigger trends in the conflict.\"\nMcNaboe says the information the Carter Center gathers is based on material publicly available to anyone with the means to compile and understand it.\n\"Any participant in the Syrian conflict, almost everybody has engaged online,\" he says.\n\"It happens that with these kinds of transmissions, the people are very eager to identify themselves,\" Carter told VOA.\nDespite any perceived military or intelligence value of the information, McNaboe says the Carter Center doesn\u2019t share information they believe would put people at risk.\n\u201cIf you are a combatant in the conflict and you don\u2019t know where the front lines are, our information is not going to help you too much,\u201d McNaboe says. \u201cSo we are careful about what we make totally public. We want our effort to pursue peace and support peace efforts, and do everything it can to reduce the risk to any civilian or participant in the conflict.\u201d\nA conflict now entering its seventh year, at a time when more U.S. military forces are joining the fight on the ground, engaged in a war with no clear end in sight.\n",
        "caption": "The Carter Center's dynamic conflict map of Syria, which provides provide mediators and humanitarian responders with up-to-date, information on developments throughout Syria.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/FDCEF495-D316-4F1B-AB23-BD8A7B09B6DE.jpg",
        "id": "33103_1",
        "answer": [
            "McNaboe"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "conflict map"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_14_3764851",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_14_3764851_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who are the people in the image against?",
        "context": "In Manila, Catholics March Against War on Drugs Tactics\nMANILA \u2014\u00a0\nThousands of Roman Catholics marched in the Philippines capital Manila on Saturday in the biggest gathering denouncing extra-judicial killings and a government plan to re-impose the death penalty for criminals.\nDubbed a \u201cWalk for Life\u201d prayer rally and endorsed by the Catholic Bishops Conference of the Philippines (CBCP), the gathering came just days after the church launched its strongest attack against President Rodrigo Duterte\u2019s war on drugs.\nOrganizers claimed as many as 50,000 people took part in the march toward Manila\u2019s Rizal Park, while about 10,000 based on police estimates stayed to hear speeches.\nMore than 7,600 people have been killed since Duterte launched his anti-drugs campaign seven months ago. More than 2,500 died in shootouts during raids and sting operations, according to the police.\nDuterte says campaign a success\nAmid mounting criticism about a surge in killings, Duterte said Saturday that the campaign was \u201cby and large successful.\u201d\nSpeaking at the Philippine Military Academy\u2019s alumni homecoming in Baguio City, he said the drug problem was more complex than he initially thought, prompting him to seek military support.\n\u201cI need the help of each one, especially the military, not for social control but protection (for) the citizens from the lawless, the reckless, and the selfish,\u201d the firebrand leader said.\nBoth the government and police have denied that extra-judicial killings have taken place. But human rights groups believe many deaths that police had attributed to vigilantes were carried out by assassins likely colluding with police.\nParticipants join a procession against plans to reimpose death penalty, promote contraceptives and intensify drug war during \"Walk for Life\" in Manila, Philippines, Feb. 18, 2017.\nArchbishop: Killing is wrong\n\u201cWe cannot teach that killing is wrong by killing those who kill. It also increases the number of killers,\u201d CBCP president Lingayen-Dagupan Archbishop Socrates Villegas said in a statement.\nManila Archbishop Luis Antonio Cardinal Tagle, who also joined the rally, called for strengthening and promoting the culture of nonviolent movements.\nIn its most strongly worded attack on the crackdown on drug pushers and users, a CBCP pastoral letter read out at services across the country early this month said killing people was not the answer to trafficking of illegal drugs.\nNearly 80 percent of the Philippines\u2019 100 million people are Catholic and until recently the church had been hesitant to criticize Duterte\u2019s war on drugs.\nSenator Leila de Lima, a staunch critic of Duterte\u2019s war on drugs now facing three drug-related charges, also joined the rally. She said the charges were meant to silence her.\n",
        "caption": "Participants join a procession against plans to reimpose death penalty, promote contraceptives and intensify drug war during \"Walk for Life\" in Manila, Philippines, Feb. 18, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/50697F30-6EAF-452D-BC51-952A3EEC2126.jpg",
        "id": "19086_2",
        "answer": [
            "President Rodrigo Duterte\u2019s war on drugs"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "\u201cWalk for Life\u201d"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_18_3729972",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_18_3729972_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who did the person in the middle of the image snub?",
        "context": "US Proposal to Sell Taiwan Arms Risks China Backlash at Awkward Time\nTAIPEI, TAIWAN \u2014\u00a0\nThe U.S. government\u2019s approval Thursday of $1.42 billion in advanced weaponry for Taiwan risks a stiff backlash from China after a year of strained relations between Beijing and the self-ruled island, which sees the mainland as its chief military rival.\nChina's foreign ministry protested Friday to the U.S. and asked that the arms deal be canceled. The ministry called it damaging to Chinese sovereignty.\nExperts believe the proposed arms sale, a first from the United States to Taiwan since the approval of an $1.83 billion package in December 2015, is likely to anger China, which has tried since April to get along with President Donald Trump despite a rocky start. China sees self-ruled Taiwan as part of its territory and resents other countries for helping arm it.\n\u201cMainland China will not be happy about today\u2019s notification, but Taiwan has a right to its self-defense,\u201d said Sean King, senior vice president of New York political consultancy Park Strategies.\nChina and the United States have tried to get along since Trump met his counterpart Xi Jinping in Florida in April. Trump voiced support for Beijing\u2019s view that Taiwan belongs to China in February after coming under Chinese fire for accepting a phone call in December from Taiwan\u2019s president.\nTrump set aside the Taiwan issue in April to work with China on containing North Korea\u2019s missile program, but he expected more from Beijing, analysts in Taiwan say.\nThe proposal Thursday to sell arms also follows a decline in China-Taiwan ties over the past year. Taiwan President Tsai Ing-wen, who took office in May 2016, rejects Beijing\u2019s condition for dialogue that both sides view themselves as part of \u201cone China.\u201d The two sides had talked regularly over the previous eight years.\nDuring Tsai\u2019s term, an increasingly bristly China has established ties with two countries that once recognized Taiwan diplomatically and pressured others to remove Taiwan\u2019s legal name from overseas trade offices. It passed an aircraft carrier around Taiwan in December and January. Last year, the number of group tourist arrivals from China dropped by about 18 percent over 2015.\nFILE - Crew members of the Taiwan Coast Guard aim their weapons during an offshore anti-terrorism drill outside Keelung harbor in New Taipei City, Taiwan.\nSecurity concerns\nThose moves, plus Beijing\u2019s military buildup \u2013 including a new aircraft carrier and a 10,000-ton naval destroyer over the past three months \u2013 are raising concerns in Taipei about military defense. China has the world\u2019s third largest armed forces compared to Taiwan\u2019s, which research database Globalfirepower.com ranks at No. 19.\n\u201cPresident Trump after just five months in office has announced his first arms package to Taiwan, an ample gesture of attention to Taiwan\u2019s security,\u201d said Taiwan foreign ministry spokesperson Eleanor Wang. \u201cThis not only helps strengthen peace and stability [with China], but it will also help security in the Asia Pacific.\u201d\nThe arms package, which must get approval from the U.S. Congress to take effect, calls for selling eight items, including MK-48 torpedoes, Taiwan\u2019s defense ministry said in a statement. The torpedoes would cost $250 million. Washington also proposes selling high-speed anti-radiation missiles for $147.5 million, early warning radar surveillance technical support for $400 million, and at least four other items.\nChina\u2019s protested the previous two U.S. arms sales to Taiwan.\nBeijing suspended military exchange visits with the United States in 2010 after the U.S. government approved a $6.4 billion sale to Taiwan. After Washington approved a $1.83 billion package in December 2015, China issued a protest statement to the United States.\nFILE - Taiwan's President Tsai Ing-wen, center, along with Defense Minister Feng Shih-kuan, right, and Secretary-General of National Security Council Joseph Wu, left, cheer with navy officers during a visit to Zuoying Naval base in Kaohsiung, southern Taiwan.\nRetaliation\nSome Taiwanese worry about tough retaliation from China against their island now given today\u2019s strained relations. But most people want a stronger military in case Beijing gets angrier, Taiwan legislator Lee Chun-yi said.\n\u201cIt\u2019s for defense, protecting ourselves,\u201d said Chu Chen-tsai, a 57-year-old worker in Taipei, when informed about the proposed sale. \u201cYou can\u2019t just do nothing because they oppose it. Whatever should be done, let\u2019s do it.\u201d\nChina also may retaliate against Taiwan by further restricting its foreign diplomacy, scholars in Taipei have said. More than 170 countries recognize China, and 20 recognize Taiwan.\nPublic sentiment \nSome Taiwanese will feel \u201cambivalent\u201d about the arms sales, Chiang said, as they want stable relations with China, said Alex Chiang, international relations professor at National Chengchi University in Taipei. China remains Taiwan\u2019s top trading partner, with imports and exports totaling about $118 billion in 2016.\nThe Chinese president is currently in Hong Kong for the 20th anniversary of the former British colony\u2019s return to China.\nBut Taiwan\u2019s defense ministry said in the statement it would talk with U.S. officials \u201cas soon as possible\u201d to work out prices, quantities of weapons and timelines for receiving them. It expects progress within a month.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Taiwan's President Tsai Ing-wen, center, along with Defense Minister Feng Shih-kuan, right, and Secretary-General of National Security Council Joseph Wu, left, cheer with navy officers during a visit to Zuoying Naval base in Kaohsiung, southern Taiwan.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/8954DB24-E171-440B-B450-F81A3FDC2974.jpg",
        "id": "12273_3",
        "answer": [
            "Beijing",
            "China",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Tsai Ing-wen"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_30_3922726",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_30_3922726_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What has the host nation of the people in the image failed to do?",
        "context": "UN Calls on Cameroon to Stop Forcibly Deporting Nigerian Refugees\nGENEVA \u2014\u00a0\nThe U.N. refugee agency is calling on Cameroon to stop forcibly deporting refugees to Nigeria in violation of international refugee law and a tripartite agreement recently signed by UNHCR, Nigeria, and Cameroon to ensure voluntary returns.\nUNHCR says Cameroon is not living up to neither the spirit nor the letter of its agreements to protect refugees. So far this year the agency says Cameroon has forcefully returned more than 2,600 refugees to Nigerian border villages against their will.\nUNHCR spokesman Babar Baloch says in one incident on March 17, more than 955 refugees were pushed across the border into Nigeria where their safety cannot be guaranteed.\n\u201cInside Nigeria, UNHCR teams have heard and documented accounts about Cameroonian troops returning refugees against their will, without allowing them time to collect their belongings.... In Nigeria\u2019s Borno State some refugees were rounded up during a military offensive against Boko Haram insurgents in the Mandara Mountains on the Cameroonian side of the border and were taken in trucks to a camp for displaced people in Banki ... in Nigeria,\u201d Baloch said.\nBalloch told VOA the Cameroonian military has been forcibly returning Nigerian refugees sporadically since last June.\n\u201cSome of the reasons being cited is security. But, those who become the target of these forced returns are refugees who are fleeing Boko Haram inside Nigeria \u2026 who are fleeing war and persecution.\u2026 It is not the right time for them to return,\u201d Baloch said.\nThe UNHCR praises the generosity of the government of Cameroon and local communities that are hosting more than 85,000 Nigerian refugees. But it urges the government to honor its obligations under international, regional, and Cameroonian law not to forcibly deport refugees to a country where their lives may be at risk.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Refugees are seen gathered at Minawao camp in northern Cameroon, April 18, 2016. The U.N. refugee agency has called on Cameroon to stop forcibly repatriating Nigerian refugees on its territory. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/10268A17-69D0-41DE-8225-C5F265F914F8.jpg",
        "id": "23620_1",
        "answer": [
            "protect refugees"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Cameroon"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_21_3775543",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_21_3775543_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "How has the species of the animal in the image changed in the last 50 years?",
        "context": "Groups Challenge US Plan to Lift Grizzly Bear Protections\nBOISE, IDAHO \u2014\u00a0\nLegal challenges were launched Friday against the U.S. government's decision to lift protections for grizzly bears in the Yellowstone National Park area that have been in place for more than 40 years.\nThe Northern Cheyenne Tribe, the Center for Biological Diversity, the Humane Society and WildEarth Guardians are among those challenging the plan to lift restrictions this summer.\n\"The rule removing federal protections for America's beloved Yellowstone grizzly bears is a political decision that is deeply flawed,\" said Andrea Santarsiere, a senior attorney with the Center for Biological Diversity.\nThe federal government announced last week its plan to lift grizzly bear protections and made it official Friday by filing its decision in the Federal Register. That prompted the various groups to send 60-day notices of their intent to sue the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, a required step in the legal process.\nSome of the groups say the decision is wrong because it involves only Yellowstone grizzlies rather than viewing the population in the West as a whole. The groups also say the federal government's analysis of grizzly bear mortality \u2014 as bears switch to a meat-based diet as climate change reduces other food sources \u2014 is deficient.\n\"We should not be taking a gamble with the grizzly's future,\" said Timothy Preso, an Earthjustice attorney representing some of the groups.\nThe U.S. Department of the Interior on Friday referred questions about the legal action to the U.S. Department of Justice. Mark Abueg, public affairs specialist at the Justice Department, in an email to The Associated Press, said the agency declined to comment.\nGrizzlies in all continental U.S. states except Alaska have been protected under the Endangered Species Act since 1975, when just 136 bears roamed in and around Yellowstone. There are now an estimated 700 grizzlies in the area that includes northwestern Wyoming, southwestern Montana and eastern Idaho, leading the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to conclude that the population has recovered.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A grizzly bear walks in a meadow in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, Aug. 12, 2011. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/56C01BE4-AC1A-4660-9551-1EC63CCAF2C6.jpg",
        "id": "21198_1",
        "answer": [
            "There are now an estimated 700 grizzlies in the area "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "grizzly"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_30_3923651",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_30_3923651_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the group the people in the image are part of do?",
        "context": "Taliban Attack Kills 16 Afghan Police Personnel\nISLAMABAD \u2014\u00a0\nThe Taliban insurgency in Afghanistan has staged a major overnight battlefield assault in a southern province, killing at least 16 police personnel and capturing two outposts.\nA local security official told VOA on Friday the fighting erupted in the district of Maiwand in Kandahar, saying Afghan forces also inflicted heavy casualties on the Taliban in ensuing clashes.\nHe said the assailants also seized three U.S.-made military vehicles, commonly known as Humvees. The official requested anonymity.\nA provincial police spokesman, Zia Durrani, told VOA 27 Taliban fighters, including four key commanders, were killed.\nA provincial government spokesman, Samim Khpolwak, confirmed the fighting but declined to discuss further details.\nKandahar is known as the birthplace of the Taliban. It was the de-facto capital of Afghanistan when the insurgent group was ruling most of the country before its ouster from power in late 2001 by a U.S.-led military coalition.\nMost of the districts in neighboring Helmand, the largest of all the 34 Afghan provinces, are under the control of the Taliban and fighting also is underway in the nearby Uruzgan province.\nAfghan security forces suffered unprecedented casualties in the 2016 fighting season and U.S. military commanders anticipate more insurgent violence this year.\n\u201cThe insidious combination of corruption and poor leadership is the root cause of this problem,\u201d said John Sopko, the U.S. Special Inspector General for Afghanistan Reconstruction, or SIGAR. \nHe made the remarks last week while announcing his list of key security challenges facing the new U.S. administration as it inherits America\u2019s second-longest war after Vietnam. \nNo winter lull\nSince the withdrawal of U.S.-led international forces more than two years ago, there has been no lull in the Afghan fighting. Harsh winter and heavy snowfall in previous years would force Taliban fighters to retreat to their traditional sanctuaries in neighboring Pakistan to rest and regroup before returning to the battlefield for the summer fighting.\n\u201cThe spring offensive/winter lull is an outdated concept now, the main reason being that the Taliban hold large swaths of territory year-round and so the fighting continues,\u201d said Ted Callahan, a Western security expert based in northeastern Afghanistan.\nThe Taliban have captured about 10 percent of Afghan territory since with the withdrawal of most international forces two years ago, the Afghan government controls two-thirds of the population while the rest is strongly contested, according to latest U.S. military assessments.\nIn this picture released exclusively to Reuters Jan. 17, 2009, Taliban militants are seen with their weapons in an undisclosed location in Afghanistan. With recents attacks, the group has been defying a longstanding practice of 'winter lull,' 'spring offensive.\u2019\nThe territorial control offers the insurgents more of a revenue base they can use to sustain themselves through the winter, mainly in terms of food and shelter, but also in terms of munitions captured from Afghan forces, Callahan told VOA.\n\u201cThey [the Taliban] can easily keep their momentum going throughout the winter, and so you no longer see Taliban commanders go back to Pakistan for the winter, as they often did in the past, and then they'd come back in the spring to kick off the spring offensive,\u201d he observed.\n'Compromised system'\nIn his detailed report that Sopko released last week, he cited leadership and corruption as among the biggest challenges facing the Afghan National Defense and Security Force, or ANDSF.\n\u201cAfghan commanders often pocket the paychecks of ghost soldiers for whom the U.S. is paying the salary. The number of ghost soldiers is not insignificant, it likely reaches into the tens of thousands of soldiers and police,\u201d he noted.\nCiting \u201ccredible information,\u201d Sopko said some Afghan commanders are not going on patrols or are not coming to the assistance of other units when they are in trouble because they want to preserve fuel that they later sell in open markets.\n\u201cMultiple credible sources have told SIGAR staff in Afghanistan that a significant portion, perhaps as much as 50 percent, of U.S.-purchased fuel is siphoned off at various stages of this compromised system,\u201d he said.\nIn his report, Sopko agreed with the U.S. military assessment that the Afghan government controls roughly 64 percent of the country\u2019s territory.\nAfghan Defense Ministry officials strongly disputed most of SIGAR's findings, however, saying the government, with the help of foreign partners, has made progress in addressing corruption and issues related to ANDSF leadership.\nThey insist that ANDSF's improved capacity and sacrifices prevented the Taliban from capturing any major population center in Afghanistan in 2016, and they assert they now are better prepared to battle the insurgency this year.\n",
        "caption": "In this picture released exclusively to Reuters Jan. 17, 2009, Taliban militants are seen with their weapons in an undisclosed location in Afghanistan. With recents attacks, the group has been defying a longstanding practice of 'winter lull,' 'spring offensive.\u2019",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/A6A0D505-7424-4239-8484-FAE92929411B.jpg",
        "id": "29241_3",
        "answer": [
            "staged a major overnight battlefield assault in a southern province"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Taliban"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_20_3684719",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_20_3684719_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What are the concerns of the government of the general to the right ",
        "context": "Turkey Pushes Syria Safe Zones\nTurkey is pushing the idea once again of establishing safe zones in northern Syria and wants the issue on the agenda at the next round of U.N.-led peace talks in Geneva, which are scheduled for later this month.\nAccording to Turkish officials, President Recep Tayyip Erdogan will advocate for the establishment of the zones in his talks with his Russian counterpart, Vladimir Putin, during a visit to Moscow this week.\nAnkara long lobbied for a safe zone in northern Syria but was repeatedly rebuffed by the Obama administration, notably in 2013 and 2015, amid concerns in Washington that protecting it would entail putting a significant American force on the ground, drawing the U.S. deeper into the conflict in Syria.\nTrump support\nTurkish officials say they are more hopeful now than on their previous efforts to get Western backing for the zones because of U.S. President Donald Trump\u2019s apparent support for the idea. As a candidate, Trump proposed to \u201ctake a big swatch of land\u201d for \u201cthe right price\u201d and build \u201ca big beautiful safe zone\u201d that will make Syrian refugees \u201chappier.\u201d\nOn January 25, he said the U.S. will \u201cabsolutely do safe zones in Syria\u201d for people displaced by the six-year conflict.\nThe U.S. president has not mapped where zones would be located. He has asked the Pentagon and State Department to draft plans, although he has omitted that instruction from recent executive orders.\nFILE - Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan (L) speaks to Russian President Vladimir Putin during their meeting in St. Petersburg, Russia, Aug. 9, 2016. Erdogan is expected to raise the issue of safe zones in Syria during talks with Putin in Moscow this week.\nThe Turkish Foreign Ministry applauded Trump\u2019s January call for setting up the havens, saying, \u201cSetting up safe zones is something Turkey has advocated from the start.\u201d Ankara, however, is wary of any U.S.-supported zone being proposed for territory controlled by Syrian Kurds.\nFor Assad, \u2018not a realistic idea at all\u2019\nMoscow and Damascus have not been enthusiastic about the idea of safe zones. Syrian President Bashar al-Assad told Yahoo News in a recent interview, \u201cSafe zones for the Syrians could only happen when you have stability and security, where you don't have terrorists, where you don't have flow and support of those terrorists by the neighboring countries or by Western countries ...It's much more viable, much more practical and less costly to have stability than to create safe zones. It's not a realistic idea at all.\u201d\nTurkish officials, speaking on condition of anonymity to VOA, say that the circumstances have changed dramatically on the ground since their past big lobbying efforts to secure backing for the establishment of safe zones.\nWith Russia\u2019s military intervention in the Syrian war, Assad apparently secure, U.S. special forces on the ground in the Kurdish-controlled northeast of Syria and fragile and tentative cooperation under way in the fight against the Islamic State terror group, the time has come for safe zones to be taken seriously, Turkish officials say.\nFILE - A Turkish flag flies at a camp for Syrian refugees in Islahiye, Gaziantep province, southeastern Turkey, March 16, 2016. In the past, Turkey\u2019s push for safe zones was seen as tied to its eagerness to oust Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, but now appears more linked to Ankara's desire to stem the flow of refugees.\nStemming flow of refugees\nIn the past, Turkey\u2019s push for the havens was seen as being tied to its eagerness for Assad\u2019s ouster - the zones would have served as protected bases for Syrian rebels, both Damascus and Washington feared. Now, the Turks are marketing the safe zones not as part of a broader effort to topple Assad, a policy aim they have largely abandoned, but as a way to stem the flow of refugees to the West.\nAccording to Turkish and Western officials, the safe zones proposal was floated at this week\u2019s unusual three-way meeting in southern Turkey among the top commanders of the U.S., Turkish and Russian armed forces. The U.S. Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, Gen. Joseph Dunford, had already been lobbied by the Turks on the issue last month during meetings with Turkish military officials.\nUnder the Turkish plan, a formal buffer zone would be established between Afrin, northwest of Aleppo, Syria, and Ayn al-Arab, northeast of Aleppo. A large part of the proposed Turkish zone already corresponds with a swath of land in northern Syria cleared by the Turks and Syrian rebels they back in Operation Euphrates, a military intervention launched last August and aimed at pushing back Kurdish militias and jihadists as much as possible from the Turkish border. Turkey also proposes providing hospitals, large kitchens, and other amenities for the zone.\nPreventing Kurdish mini-state\nTurkey\u2019s advocacy of a large safe zone in northern Syria isn't as innocent as presented, say Syrian Kurds. They see the proposal as mainly aimed at them and largely an effort by the Turks to prevent Kurdish-controlled territory from becoming a safe zone, one that could be turned into a Kurdish mini-state.\nFILE - Turkey's Chief of Staff Gen. Hulusi Akar, center, U.S. Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Gen. Joseph Dunford, left, and Russia's Chief of Staff Gen. Valery Gerasimov attend a meeting in the Mediterranean coastal city of Antalya, Turkey, March 7, 2017. Among the items discussed at the unusual meeting was the creation of safe zones in Syria.\nAnd the Kurds and other critics say Ankara\u2019s safe zone proposal is a Turkish bid to carve out its own de facto mini-state in northern Syria, one in effect endorsed by Washington and Moscow, whose protection would be guaranteed by U.S. military power.\n\u201cTurkey is currently shaping a de facto safe zone between Afrin and Jarablus along its border with Syria, part of a demographic battle with the People's Protection Units [YPG] that represents Syrian Kurdish forces,\u201d argues Joe Macaron, a policy analyst at the Arab Center, a non-profit research organization in Washington.\nSpeaking at a conference last week at the Global Policy Initiative, a Washington-based research institution, Walid Phares, an analyst who advised the Trump presidential campaign, said there are many important challenges to the proposal for safe zones.\n\u201cOne is where to establish them, two is who will manage them, three is who will fund these zones, and last but not least, is there a regional and international consensus over this initiative,\u201d he said.\nPlatforms for regime change?\nOther key questions, according to analysts at the conference, are: how long the safe zones would be in effect and would they in the end result in Syria being broken up along ethnic lines?\nOf all the powers involved in discussions about safe zones in Syria, Russia\u2019s position will be crucial, said Ilan Berman of the American Foreign Policy Council, a research group in Washington. The Kremlin sees the proposal of safe zones as \u201ca starting point for negotiations with the U.S.\"\n\u201cThe Russian government wants guarantees the zones will bring stability and also that they will not be used as platforms for regime change,\" Berman added.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Turkey's Chief of Staff Gen. Hulusi Akar, center, U.S. Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Gen. Joseph Dunford, left, and Russia's Chief of Staff Gen. Valery Gerasimov attend a meeting in the Mediterranean coastal city of Antalya, Turkey, March 7, 2017. Among the items discussed at the unusual meeting was the creation of safe zones in Syria.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/6C2BC680-BBEF-49B1-9946-2C7DB8F44F64.jpg",
        "id": "1261_4",
        "answer": [
            "wants guarantees the zones will bring stability and also that they will not be used as platforms for regime change"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Russian government"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_08_3755893",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_08_3755893_4"
    },
    {
        "question": "What can the blonde person in the image do?",
        "context": "Ivanka Trump Gets West Wing Office, Access to Classified Info\nU.S. President Donald Trump's older daughter, Ivanka, now has an office in the West Wing of the White House and will have access to classified information, even though she is not a government employee.\nIvanka Trump will not have an official title, but must abide by the ethics rules that apply to government workers, according to her attorney, Jamie Gorelick, who also said the first daughter will not be paid a government salary.\nThe White House did not respond to requests for comment about the younger Trump's role.\nA statement from Ivanka Trump said she will continue to offer her father \"candid advice and counsel, as I have for my entire life.\"\nIvanka Trump was an effective surrogate for her father on the campaign trail and moved her young family to Washington. She has signaled plans to work on issues like maternity leave and child care.\nIvanka Trump has been a visible presence at the White House. On Friday, she participated in a meeting on vocational training with the president and German Chancellor Angela Merkel.\nGermany's Chancellor Angela Merkel (L) and Ivanka Trump (R) talk before a meeting with US President Donald Trump and business leaders in the Cabinet Room of the White House, March 17, 2017 in Washington, D.C.\nExempt from anti-nepotism laws \nShe joins husband Jared Kushner in the West Wing, the epicenter of executive government power, where he serves as a senior adviser.\nFederal anti-nepotism laws prohibit relatives from being placed in government positions; but, the Justice Department recently said the president's \"special hiring authority\" authorized him to appoint Kushner.\nGorelick said the Justice Department clarified the president could consult family members as private citizens, a role she maintained would be played by Ivanka Trump.\nThe first daughter continues to own her clothing and jewelry company but has turned over daily management to the company's president. She has also established a trust, managed by her husband's siblings, to provide additional oversight.\nGorelick said the company cannot make new deals with any foreign state and the trustees must confer with her over any new agreements. She said Ivanka Trump will be able to veto proposed business deals.\nIvanka Trump, 35, has relinquished her leadership role in the Trump Organization, from which she will receive fixed payments instead of a share of the profits.\n",
        "caption": "Germany's Chancellor Angela Merkel (L) and Ivanka Trump (R) talk before a meeting with US President Donald Trump and business leaders in the Cabinet Room of the White House, March 17, 2017 in Washington, D.C.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/6888097F-963A-4B5C-8440-AD6B2BA069E0.jpg",
        "id": "33650_2_2",
        "answer": [
            "veto proposed business deals"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Ivanka Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_21_3775256",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_21_3775256_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What caused the people in the image to be stuck?",
        "context": "Pakistani, Afghan Officials Expect London Talks to Resolve Border Dispute\nISLAMABAD \u2014\u00a0\nA meeting Britain is hosting Wednesday is expected to resolve the tense border dispute between Afghanistan and Pakistan, officials told VOA hours before the talks.\nPakistan closed its border with landlocked Afghanistan to all traffic nearly a month ago, after a string of terrorist attacks killed scores of people. Authorities in Pakistan blame the violence on fugitive militants Islamabad says are sheltering in Afghan territory.\nThe border closure fueled bilateral tensions, prompting Britain to intervene and facilitate Wednesday\u2019s meeting.\n\u201cWe expect as a results of the talks in London and the recent contacts that we have had within the government and with the government of Afghanistan we expect this issue [border talks] to be resolved in the coming week,\u201d Pakistani Trade Minister Khurram Dastgir Khan told VOA in Islamabad.\nHe said that efforts are under way to open the Afghan border with \u201cheightened security procedures\u201d so that trading resumes as soon as possible.\n\u201cThat should be an immediate result of it for sure,\u201d a senior Afghan official told VOA when asked if Kabul expected London talks to lead to opening the border. The official requested anonymity because he is directly involved in diplomatic engagements that paved the ground for Wednesday\u2019s meeting.\nDrivers of Afghanistan-bound trucks wait for the opening of Pakistan Afghanistan border outside Peshawar, Pakistan, March 14, 2017.\nBoth Minister Khan and the Afghan official spoke hours before British National Security Adviser Mark Lyall Grant was to mediate talks between Afghan National Security Adviser Hanif Atmar and Pakistani foreign policy chief Sartaj Aziz.\nKhan underscored the need for Pakistan and Afghanistan to separate political and security issues from trade-related activities.\nHe added that Pakistan sent a proposed draft on \u201cpreferential trade agreement\u201d to Kabul several years ago but it has since been awaiting approval by the Afghan National Security Council, making it difficult for his government to meet traders\u2019 demands for separating economics from security issues.\n\u201cThe government of Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif agrees completely, provided the same understanding is on the other side and whatever hurdles that were present before the recent border closure were because the government of Afghanistan insisted to take both tracks together,\u201d said the minister.\nHe acknowledged that the decision to close the border has inflicted heavy financial losses on traders in both countries but said he was not in a position to immediately provide estimates.\n\u201dThey [traders] say it is somewhere around $40-50 million; some people say it is up to $100 million because there is a very large number of traders who deal in perishables. Those numbers take a while to come to us,\u201d he said.\nLast week, Islamabad opened the border for only two days to allow tens of thousands of stranded Afghans to return to their country.\nPakistani soldiers check the identity of citizens returning from Afghanistan at the border town of Chaman, Pakistan, March 7, 2017.\nAfghanistan depends on Pakistani seaports for international trade, which is considered the war-torn country\u2019s economic lifeline. The border closure has stranded thousands of shipping containers after having left Pakistan\u2019s southern port of Karachi on the Arabian Sea.\n",
        "caption": "Drivers of Afghanistan-bound trucks wait for the opening of Pakistan Afghanistan border outside Peshawar, Pakistan, March 14, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/352A7C93-3E32-483A-A4F6-68503DF80F37.jpg",
        "id": "5567_2",
        "answer": [
            "a string of terrorist attacks",
            "terrorist attacks"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Pakistan Afghanistan border",
            "border"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_15_3766726",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_15_3766726_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the woman in the image do at the meeting?",
        "context": "EU Tackles Pressing Issues at First Summit Since Brexit Talks\nBRUSSELS \u2014\u00a0\nOn the first anniversary of Britain's decision to leave the European Union, leaders from the bloc Friday concluded a summit in Brussels with questions about the residency rights of EU citizens in Britain once it exits the regional grouping.\nAddressing the bloc this week, British Prime Minister Theresa May discussed the fate of the 3 million EU citizens who call Britain home. In an offer to guarantee their rights, May said, \u201cI want all those EU citizens who are in the U.K., who have made their lives and homes in our country, to know that no one will have to leave. We won\u2019t be seeing families split apart.\u201d\nThe offer gives EU nationals who have been living in Britain for at least five years the same rights they now enjoy.\nEU Council President Donald Tusk, however, said, \"My first impression is that the U.K. offer is below our expectations and risks worsening the situation for our citizens.\u201d\nEU Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker told reporters the offer was \u201ca first step\" but that it was \"not sufficient.\"\nExit talks between Britain and the EU started Monday and must be concluded within two years. It was the first summit since Britain triggered Article 50, the official notification to leave the bloc, in March.\nDespite challenges facing the EU, such as the rise of Eurosceptic movements that oppose more power for the bloc, and the recent election in Britain where conservatives failed to get a stronger mandate for a hard Brexit,\nEU leaders say things appear to be looking up. That assessment came as the European Central Bank informed them that after years of stagnation, the economy is growing, investments are increasing and millions of jobs have been created.\nTerrorism and migration, however, still concern both EU leaders and citizens. Days before the summit, authorities thwarted a terrorist attack on the central train station in Belgium\u2019s capital city, highlighting once again the ongoing threat of what EU Council President Tusk called \u201chome-grown radicalization.\u201d\nOn migration, Tusk said that a review was needed on the issue of central Mediterranean Sea crossings, saying the situation remains critical. Migrant arrivals to Europe have increased by 26 percent since last year, said Tusk and that close to 2,000 people have lost their lives since the start of this year.\nAt the same time, the EU had to start infringements procedures against Poland, Czech Republic and Hungary for not taking part in a migrant relocation plan.\nTusk said, \u201cThe only result that matters to us is to put a definitive end to this tragic situation. Leaders agreed that everyone will work harder in the coming weeks to better coordinate our efforts and support Italy more.\u201d\nWith financial support from the EU, the Libyan coast guard is being trained to limit the number of people crossing by boat; but, a United Nations Security Council report released this month said the Libyan coast guard is directly involved in abuses and human rights violations against migrants.\nVillads Zahle of the European Council on Refugees and Exiles says it\u2019s disturbing that the EU would leave migrants at the mercy of the Libyan coast guard.\n\u201cWe have moved from a place of how to protect people to how to escape responsibility. We know what the solutions are; it\u2019s not rocket science; but, as long as we are seeing a race to the bottom, how can we make it as hard as possible to accommodate these people \u2014 then we are not moving towards a solution,\" he said.\nEU leaders also agreed to a permanent defense structure and investment of $1.6 billion a year. French President Emmanuel Macron called the common defense plans \u201chistoric.\u201d Britain always opposed the idea, preferring the NATO alliance; but, with Britain set to leave the EU, efforts for more EU defense integration have accelerated.\nGerman Chancellor Angela Merkel said during the summit that the new defense structures will not undermine NATO, but collaborate with it and that it creates an opportunity for better integration within the EU for \u201cthose member states that are not members of NATO.\u201d\nThe leaders also decided that Britain-based EU agencies would be relocated to another country in the bloc, and to extend sanctions on Russia for six months because of the crisis in Ukraine and the deadlocked Minsk peace process aimed at ending hostilities there.\n",
        "caption": "British Prime Minister Theresa May, center left, speaks with Spanish Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy, center right, as they arrive for a round table meeting at an EU Summit in Brussels, June 23, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/75E90D7F-5E0E-4456-A2F2-4C4E7DAA86B0.jpg",
        "id": "1643_1",
        "answer": [
            "discussed the fate of the 3 million EU citizens who call Britain home"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "British Prime Minister Theresa"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_23_3913522",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_23_3913522_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who does the man in the image like?",
        "context": "Russia's Navalny Plans to Run for President Despite Legal Hurdles\nMOSCOW \u2014\u00a0\nRussian opposition leader and anti-corruption blogger Alexei Navalny did not fall into despair after a court in Kirov on February 8 upheld his guilty verdict in the Kirovles embezzlement case.\nThe court's ruling, which almost to the letter reiterated the verdict reached in a 2013 trial, has created a formal barrier to Navalny registering as a candidate in Russia's presidential election, to be held in March 2018, given that Russian law bars those convicted of grave crimes from running for office.\nNavalny was found guilty of embezzlement and received a five-year suspended jail sentence in the Kirovles case, which he and his supporters says was a politically motivated prosecution. Despite the verdict, he believes his constitutional right to participate in elections remains in effect, and is confident that public support will help make it possible for him to run in next year's presidential vote.\nThe opposition leader is trying to organize a wide support network, and he says he is already starting to open campaign offices for the March 2018 election. \nIn an interview with VOA's Russian service, Navalny discussed various issues, including where he will open campaign offices in the near future, whether he feels personally safe, and how he feels about being compared to U.S. President Donald Trump.\nFILE - President Donald Trump walks on the South Lawn upon arrival at the White House in Washington from a trip to Florida, Feb. 12, 2017.\nWhat plans do you have to open campaign offices?\nWe have already opened a campaign office in St. Petersburg. Next week, we will open campaign offices in Yekaterinburg, Novosibirsk meaning, first of all, in cities. Our goal is to open campaign offices in Russia's 77 largest cities.\nHas there been any kind of reaction to these plans from the Russian regional authorities in the cities you are talking about?\nWell, so far we haven't seen any big reaction. Understandably, one cannot speak of any support, but thus far we have not seen any significant resistance. I think it's simply that no serious signal has yet reached the regions. In St. Petersburg, we saw that (the ruling) United Russia (party) demanded that our campaign office be closed. \u2026 I think the opening of the first five campaign offices will tell us more about what the Kremlin has planned for us.\nPoliticians say that you are being \"proactive,\" relying on a social movement which, one way or another, will put pressure on the Russian government to recognize you as a legitimate contender. Is that the case?\nI would say more broadly that there are simply people who need a new candidate. I appeal to the people, and the people, in fact, understand that this is all legal tricks. They see that there is a person, and that he has the right to participate in elections. \u2026 Therefore, I appeal to the people in order to exert the necessary pressure on the Kremlin to force it to register me. There is no other way to do it.\nWhat form do you see this pressure taking?\nAny setting up campaign offices, propaganda work, shaping public opinion on the streets and on the internet \u2014 all available methods.\nAnd will a class-action suit be filed? Because you say it is about the conflict between the constitutional right to participate in elections and restrictions in the law.\nWe do not exclude that. It is more time-consuming work. And, given the situation with our courts, it is clear what the result will be. However, we will move in different directions simply because people want to do different things. There are some who like to sue. We will be suing together with them, too.\nDo you feel that anything changed in terms of your and your families' personal security since the first verdict in the Kirovles case in 2013?\nWell, if you compare Russia in 2013 and in 2017, it is simply a different country. It is absolutely a different country! Since that time, Boris Nemtsov was murdered. Attacks on people happen practically daily. Chechnya has become a fascist state, where people are tortured and killed. It is therefore impossible to compare the dynamics; it is two different countries. Of course, it's much worse now. But that does not, in general, change our approach to what needs to be fought for.\nHave the threats to you personally increased?\nVarious objects are thrown at me more often; people lie in wait for me near the office, but not so often that it is highly noticeable. No, there aren't such (threats) specifically against me. But we see them against people connected to me.\nWikiLeaks founder Julian Assange speaks from the balcony of the Ecuadorean Embassy in London, Feb. 5, 2016.\nDuring Donald Trump's presidential election campaign, Russian media compared you to him, finding some similarities. How do you feel about this comparison?\nI don't know where that came from. Journalists constantly need to compare me to someone. Fortunately, they stopped comparing me with Julian Assange, but began comparing me with Trump. If you just look at our political agendas and political views, there are quite a few differences. But in today's political society, probably, this is somehow ignored. For example, Trump and Putin very much love each other, although their political views are simply 100 percent diametrically opposed.\nIn Europe, there is now fear of the impact of Russian propaganda on elections. This propaganda is associated with the growth of populist sentiment, with candidates tossing out slogans like \"Tomorrow, I will give you everything!\" to the crowds, and people beginning to follow them. Do you see the danger of populism? Do you think that there is a clear line that separates you from populism?\nI don't see the danger of populism. I think it's exaggerated. What is populism? Someone says things that are popular. In fact, these things are not always particularly extremist. I'm an adherent of the view that politics develop like a swinging pendulum. We have seen a long liberal trend; it has been the last two decades in world politics. Now, obviously, there is a correction of this trend, or even a trend in the opposite direction. I don't think that will last long. Overall, it seems to me that over long stretches of time we will, as before, continue to see a liberal trend in European politics.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - President Donald Trump walks on the South Lawn upon arrival at the White House in Washington from a trip to Florida, Feb. 12, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/E463E409-F309-4F2D-9DAA-54F52F3FCB9F.jpg",
        "id": "33414_2",
        "answer": [
            "Putin"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Trump "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_15_3726231",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_15_3726231_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What will help the nation of the person of the left of the image?",
        "context": "Eurozone, IMF Eye Compromise to Unblock Loans for Greece\nBRUSSELS \u2014\u00a0\nEurozone finance ministers and the International Monetary Fund are likely to strike a compromise on Greece on Thursday, paving the way for new loans for Athens while leaving the contentious debt relief issue for later, officials said on Monday.\nIMF head Christine Lagarde suggested a plan last week under which the Fund would join the Greek bailout now, because Athens is delivering on agreed reforms, but would not disburse any IMF money until the eurozone clarifies what debt relief it can offer Greece.\nUnderlining the IMF's willingness to strike a deal after months of wrangling between its European chief Poul Thomsen and the eurozone, Lagarde will attend the ministers' meeting.\nIMF participation in the bailout, even without immediate disbursements, would be enough for the German parliament to back new euro zone loans to Athens, thus ensuring Greece would get enough cash in July to repay maturing debt and avoid default.\n\u201cEveryone thinks there is a high probability we will end up with the solution Lagarde outlined,\u201d an official involved in preparations for Thursday's meeting in Luxembourg said.\nFrench President Emmanuel Macron, left, speaks with German Chancellor Angela Merkel, center, and Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund Christine Lagarde, right, as they attend a round table meeting of G7 leaders in Taormina, Italy, May 27,\nReforms approved Friday\nA second official involved in the preparations also said he expected a deal involving IMF participation along the lines described by Lagarde.\n\u201cThere would be an IMF disbursement as soon as there is more clarity on debt, but the timing of that is to be confirmed,\u201d the second official said.\nGreece's parliament approved last Friday reforms demanded by the international lenders to conclude a long-stalled review of its bailout progress and qualify for more loans before July.\nEurozone officials said that if the expected compromise is reached, Greece could get between 7.4 and 8 billion euros from the eurozone bailout fund ESM to cover next month's repayments.\nBoxes of fish are seen after protesters from a communist-backed labor union threw them at police outside parliament, during a protest against a recent vote on new austerity measures in Athens, June 9, 2017.\nIMF support on hold\nThe IMF has so far refused to join Greece's bailout, its third since 2010, which it says must be the country's last, meaning that in addition to Athens making reforms, the eurozone must offer relief to help make Greece's debts sustainable.\nBut Berlin does not want to discuss any details of debt relief for Greece before German parliamentary elections in September. At the same time, the German parliament has asked for IMF participation if it is to agree to any new disbursements.\nTo complicate matters further, the IMF and the eurozone differ substantially on forecasts for Greek growth for decades ahead and on Athens' ability to achieve high primary surpluses to help it service its debt.\nDebt relief plan\nThe IMF is much more conservative than the euro zone, saying Greece has a track record of underperforming targets set in its bailouts. It says that to expect the country to keep a high primary surplus for decades is unrealistic.\nBut some eurozone scenarios show that with sufficiently high economic growth and fiscal discipline \u2014 a primary surplus above 3 percent of GDP for 20 years \u2014 Greece would not need any extra debt relief.\nTo bridge the gap, France is proposing to link debt relief to Greece's GDP growth with an automatic formula. Officials said experts would explore that option further, but its chances of success are seen as rather low because of lack of experience, problems with incentives and the Greek constitution.\n",
        "caption": "French Minister of the Economy and Finance Bruno Le Maire , right, meets with his Greek Finance Minister Euclid Tsakalotos in Athens, June 12, 2017. Their meetings in Athens are aimed at ending a months-long delay in a rescue funding agreement between Greece and bailout lenders",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/7FF7B185-EFBD-499C-B1D7-92BF90992979.jpg",
        "id": "4864_1",
        "answer": [
            "the International Monetary Fund",
            "Ending a months-long delay in a rescue funding agreement between Greece and bailout lenders."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Greece",
            "Euclid Tsakalotos"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_12_3897462",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_12_3897462_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What ideology is responsible for the event in the image?",
        "context": "Muslim American-led Campaign Raises Thousands for Vandalized Jewish Cemetery\nA fundraising campaign organized by Muslim-Americans has raised tens of thousands of dollars to help repair vandalism at a Jewish cemetery in the central U.S. state of Missouri.\nVandals damaged or tipped over as many as 200 headstones at the Chesed Shel Emeth Cemetery in University City, just outside St. Louis.\nLinda Sarsour and Tarek El-Messidi launched the online effort Tuesday with a goal of raising $20,000 to help the repair effort. Donations surpassed $20,000 in just a few hours, and by early Wednesday the total stood at more than $55,000.\n\"Never underestimate the generosity and solidarity people hold within them,\" Sarsour wrote on Twitter, saying the campaign will continue.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;Never underestimate the generosity and solidarity people hold within them. Campaign continues. \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/RestInPeace?src=hash\\\"\\u0026gt;#RestInPeace\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt; \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://t.co/RTQ7UtseAY\\\"\\u0026gt;pic.twitter.com/RTQ7UtseAY\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Linda Sarsour (@lsarsour) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/lsarsour/status/834217509591121925\\\"\\u0026gt;February 22, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nAny money beyond what is needed to repair the cemetery will go toward helping other vandalized Jewish centers, the organizers said.\n\"Through this campaign, we hope to send a united message from the Jewish and Muslim communities that there is no place for this type of hate, desecration, and violence in America. We pray that this restores a sense of security and peace to the Jewish-American community who has undoubtedly been shaken by this event,\" they wrote on the fundraising site.\nU.S. President Donald Trump on Tuesday condemned a recent surge in anti-Semitic threats across the country, saying they are \"going to stop.\"\n\"The anti-Semitic threats targeting our Jewish community and community centers are horrible and are painful and a very sad reminder of the work that still must be done to root out hate and prejudice and evil,\" he said.\nWATCH: Trump on US anti-Semitism \nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTrump: Anti-Semitic Threats 'Horrible, Painful'\nShare this video\n0:00:32\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:32\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 1.4MB\n360p | 1.6MB\n480p | 10.3MB\nTrump's remarks were made while he paid a visit to the new National Museum of African American History and Culture on the National Mall in Washington.\nThe president's condemnation of anti-Semitic attacks came one day after the Anti-Defamation League (ADL) reported at least 10 Jewish community centers in multiple states had received bombing threats Monday, the fourth string of such threats since the beginning of the year.\nThe ADL said no explosives were found at the centers and described the reported threats as \"not credible.\"\nThe group has called again on the Trump administration to develop a plan to address what some believe is a recent rise in anti-Semitism in the United States.\nAt a Washington news conference last Wednesday with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, Trump was asked about the increase in anti-Semitic incidents throughout the United States. Rather than condemn the acts, Trump instead talked about his electoral college victory and described the question as unfair, prompting more criticism that he had been silent about the apparent rise in anti-Semitism.\nTrump's opponent in last November's election, Democrat Hillary Clinton, called Monday for the president to take a stronger stand against anti-Semitism.\n",
        "caption": "Local and national media report on more than 170 toppled Jewish headstones after a weekend vandalism attack on Chesed Shel Emeth Cemetery in University City, a suburb of St Louis, Missouri, Feb. 21, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B0695960-82EB-4109-8A64-16D971F3934B.jpg",
        "id": "5030_1",
        "answer": [
            "anti-Semitic"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Jewish"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_22_3734939",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_22_3734939_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the shorter person in the image win?",
        "context": "Helmut Kohl, Chancellor Who United Germany, Dies at 87\nBERLIN \u2014\u00a0\nHelmut Kohl, the former German chancellor credited with forging the reunification of East and West Germany in 1990, has died at age 87.\nGerman Chancellor Angela Merkel said Friday, \"A life has ended and he who lived it will go down in history. ... It will take some time before we realize what we have truly lost.\"\nFormer U.S. President George H.W. Bush, who backed Kohl's effort to push through a speedy reunification when the opportunity presented itself, said Friday that Kohl was \"a true friend of freedom, and the man I consider one of the greatest leaders in postwar Europe.\"\nFormer U.S. President Bill Clinton, who served during Kohl's final years in office, called the tall, burly, lifelong politician \"the most important European statesman since the second World War.\"\nPolitical life\nKohl served 16 years as German chancellor, presiding over West Germany from 1982 to 1990 and serving as the first chancellor of the reunified Germany from 1990 to 1998.\nFILE - Helmut Kohl stands in front of an election poster, June 26, 1975, during an election campaign for the West German 1976 general election.\nBorn in Bavaria in 1930, Kohl's father and older brother served in World War II; his brother died in the war while still a teenager. Kohl joined the Hitler Youth at age 15, like most German boys his age, and was briefly put to work unearthing bodies after Allied bombing raids.\nShortly after the end of the war, Kohl joined the newly formed Christian Democratic Union, helped found the party's youth organization, and thus began a life of public service.\nHe rose to Germany's highest office through a series of local positions, championing domestic policies such as education reform and transportation.\nElected chancellor in 1982, he lost no time in reaching out to repair Germany's diplomatic relationships strained by the two world wars and their aftermath.\nFILE - Helmut Kohl (R) stands hand in hand with former French President Francois Mitterrand (L), Sept. 22, 1984, during their visit to the former Verdun battlefields.\nIn 1984, he and then-French President Francois Mitterand shook hands at an emotional remembrance ceremony of the Battle of Verdun, a long, brutal struggle between French and German forces in northeastern France during World War I. The meeting cemented a close political relationship between the two men even as it symbolized reconciliation between the two nations.\nKohl used the same gesture to make amends with the United States two years later, meeting with U.S. President Ronald Reagan at a G-7 summit in Bonn in 1985.\nThe visit was not universally praised, however, as the two leaders paid a joint visit to a German military cemetery where a number of Nazi officers were buried alongside German soldiers. The two also visited the site of the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp together, paying tribute to the Jewish victims of Germany's ugly past.\nFILE German Chancellor Helmut Kohl walks with retired German Air Force General Johannes Steinhoff (frt) and former President Ronald Reagan accompanied by retired U.S. General Matthew Ridgway through the German military cemetary in Bitburg, May 5 1985.\nReconciliation\nAs the crescendo of reconciliation continued to rise, Kohl met in 1987 with East German leader Erich Honecker, the first time the leaders of East and West Germany sat down together since the country was split between democracy and communism at the end of World War II. The stage was set for the pinnacle of Kohl's career and a turning point in German history.\nWhen an East German official announced in November 1989 that all East Germans could travel freely to the West, Kohl lost no time in pushing forward with his reunification proposals. He met with Soviet Union President Mikhail Gorbachev in February 1990 to gain approval for his plan, and by October of that year, both halves of Germany had voted to become one again.\nKohl's popularity was at a high. But over his next two terms, the difficult reality of merging the communist east with the capitalist west had taken their toll on the economy and e unemployment rate. Kohl was voted out in 1998.\nThe years following were not so rosy. The Christian Democratic Union was damaged by revelations that it had accepted illegal campaign donations. Kohl first denied taking any illicit funds, but later admitted to receiving millions of deutschmarks in illegal donations and declined to name the donors of the funds.\nIn 2001, Kohl's wife, Hannelore, the East German he married in 1960, committed suicide. Some said her long battle with photosensitivity was to blame; others said it was her husband's financial scandal.\nSeven years later, Kohl suffered a debilitating stroke and soon thereafter married his female companion, Maike Richter, who was 35 years his junior. His health continued to suffer.\nCriticisms\nKohl's relationships with his political successors began to suffer, too, as he began speaking out against their policies toward the end of his life.\nEven Merkel, once his prot\u00e9g\u00e9e, was not spared his barbs. After airing his grievances in a book titled \"Out of Concern For Europe,\" Kohl was quoted in the press saying, \"That woman is destroying my Europe!\"\nHelmut Kohl, former German Chancellor sits in front of a large photograph of himself during a news conference to promote his new book, 'Erinnerungen 1982-1990' (Memories 1982-1990) in Berlin, Nov. 2, 2005.\nYet, at the end, Kohl was hailed not just as the man who helped Germany heal, but also one of the architects of European integration. He had a long list of awards for his work, including the Vision for Europe award for his reunification achievements, the Charlemagne Prize with Francois Mitterand for their contribution to Franco-German relations, and the Henry Kissinger Prize for exceptional contributions to transatlantic relations.\nKohl was also named Honorary Citizen of Europe by the European heads of state for his work on European integration.\nEuropean Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker ordered flags at EC headquarters in Brussels to fly at half-staff after news Friday of Kohl's death. He called Kohl \"my mentor, my friend, the very essence of Europe.\"\nKohl's political party, the Christian Democratic Union, tweeted: \"We mourn. #RIP #Helmut Kohl.\"\nFlowers sit in front of the house of former German Chancellor Helmut Kohl in Oggersheim, Germany, June 16, 2017.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Helmut Kohl (R) stands hand in hand with former French President Francois Mitterrand (L), Sept. 22, 1984, during their visit to the former Verdun battlefields.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/5A1DC23B-A2FE-4DFA-AACD-367AEB78C0DB.jpg",
        "id": "32990_3_2",
        "answer": [
            "the Charlemagne Prize"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Francois Mitterand"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_16_3903412",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_16_3903412_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What made the people in the image annoyed?",
        "context": "UK Plans to Create Victim Advocate Position in Response to Tower Fire\nLONDON \u2014\u00a0\nThe British government plans to introduce a public advocate who will act for bereaved families after any disaster, it announced Wednesday, a week after a catastrophic fire killed 79 people at a social housing tower block in London.\nThe government response to the Grenfell Tower blaze has been widely criticized, with complaints from bereaved families and people who lost their homes that official agencies gave them no information or support.\n\"The purpose of the Independent Public Advocate is to keep the bereaved and surviving victims of disasters informed of progress in any relevant investigation and make them fully aware how they can contribute to that investigation,\" the government said in a document detailing its legislative program for the next two years.\n\"The Public Advocate would ensure that, in the event of disasters involving multiple fatalities and where there are numerous persons affected, no individuals or families are sidelined in what will necessarily be large and complex proceedings,\" the document said.\nPrime Minister Theresa May, already politically weakened since losing her parliamentary majority in a June 8 election, was heavily criticized for her personal handling of the tower fire, which was perceived to be insensitive.\nOn a first visit to the scene of the disaster, she met only senior members of the emergency services and stayed away from people affected by the blaze and members of the local community.\nOn a return visit, during which she did meet people who had been caught up in the tragedy, she was booed and heckled by a crowd.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - People gather outside Kensington Town Hall during protests following the Grenfell Tower fire in London, June 16, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/4EBAFD30-1601-4836-BCCE-27C449E4B1EB.jpg",
        "id": "5152_1",
        "answer": [
            "The government response to the Grenfell Tower blaze"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "people",
            "People"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_21_3910239",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_21_3910239_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What do the people do who created the structure in the image?",
        "context": "Tunnels at US-Mexico Border Show Smugglers\u2019 Deep Commitment \nSAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA \u2014\u00a0\nDrug smugglers trying to tap into the United States\u2019 highly profitable market have developed all kinds of secretive routes to deliver their illicit goods. One tactic is to go underground.\nAt the U.S.-Mexico border, tunnels are a popular means of transporting illegal marijuana \u2013 a bulky drug whose distinctive odor makes it hard to get past drug-sniffing dogs and other security at border checkpoints and airports. Since 1990, more than 220 tunnels have been discovered there, including 60 in the area overseen by the U.S. Border Patrol\u2019s San Diego office.\n\"You see, it's an industrial area,\" agency spokesman Jose Hernandez says in explaining its attraction to traffickers.\n\"We see many warehouses and many trucks passing by. It is common to see them at two in the afternoon or the morning,\" he adds. \u201cIt happens many times. So what [traffickers] do is they hide where everyone can see them anyway.\"\nNoise from constant truck traffic on the American side and dense urban construction on the Mexican side conceal the construction of secret tunnels.\nWATCH: Related video on border tunnels\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTunnels at US-Mexico Border Show Smugglers' Deep Determination\nShare this video\n0:03:00\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:03:00\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 8.7MB\n360p | 14.5MB\n720p | 83.2MB\n1080p | 56.0MB\nUnderground investment\nDrug traffickers will spend as much as $2 million on construction in hopes of big profit in return, the Drug Enforcement Administration told the Associated Press earlier this year. The DEA links most of the cross-border tunneling to Mexico\u2019s Sinaloa drug cartel, whose boss, Joaquin \u201cEl Chapo\u201d Guzm\u00e1n used other tunnels to escape twice from Mexican prisons. He was extradited to the United States in January and awaits trial on various trafficking charges. \nThe unfinished Galvez tunnel, discovered in 2009, was intended as a link from about 18 meters south of the Mexican border stretching 231 meters north into California\u2019s San Diego neighborhood of Otay Mesa.\nFrom transport to training site\nNow, instead of serving as a conduit for drugs, it has become a training site for Border Patrol agents. They scramble down ladders to a passageway 20 meters deep, nearly 2 meters tall and just over a meter wide. \nThe tunnel yields clues into tunnel engineering and equipment. Dug with drills, picks and shovels, it was outfitted with lighting, railway, telephone and ventilation systems.\nThat\u2019s not the most elaborate. Lance LeNoir, who leads the Border Patrol\u2019s San Diego Intercept Team of so-called \"tunnel rats,\" reports that agents once \"intercepted 13 individuals immediately to our south in Mexico. They found the entrance underneath a bathroom floor, which actually lowered through a [hydraulic] lift system.\"\nTo aid its detective work, the Border Patrol uses an assortment of complex tools, including ground-penetrating radar and sensors.\nA U.S. Border Patrol agent climbs out of an entrance carved by the agency into a tunnel linking Tijuana, Mexico, and the entrance site in San Diego, Calif., March 6, 2017.\nClosing the link\nWhen a tunnel is discovered, U.S. authorities shut it down.\n\"When we go to remediate these things, we mark the ground with an X,\u201d LeNoir says, then \u201cdrill down to find them and fill them with cement.\"\nFrom 2007 to 2015, the Department of Homeland Security spent $8.7 million to block the tunnels with concrete.\nIts counterpart in Mexico uses a different approach.\n\"They mostly put garbage at the entrance to the tunnel until the entrance is blocked,\" says Hernandez, the Border Patrol spokesman.\nThe trash treatment is a source of conflict between Mexican and U.S. authorities because it\u2019s not permanent. At least six tunnels were found reopened on the Mexican side. Authorities there say they don\u2019t have the money to use cement.\nBut the two countries continue to collaborate on blocking tunnels and traffickers. The United States views illegal drugs and smuggling as a threat to the nation\u2019s health and security. \n",
        "caption": "U.S. Border Patrol personnel work near a tunnel entrance between barriers separating San Diego, California, and Tijuana, Mexico. So-called 'tunnel rats' close down clandestine passages that have proliferated on the border for smuggling drugs.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/8465417F-3E0B-477F-975E-591E63711D78.jpg",
        "id": "72_1",
        "answer": [
            "deliver their illicit goods"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "drug"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_24_3869064",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_24_3869064_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person wearing sunglasses in the image do?",
        "context": "Kosovo Calls on France to Release Ex-premier Haradinaj\nPRISTINA, KOSOVO \u2014\u00a0\nKosovo's government is calling on French authorities to release a former prime minister who has been detained facing possible extradition to Serbia to face war crimes charges.\nA French court Thursday ruled that Ramush Haradinaj, detained a day earlier, should stay in custody until it decides whether to turn him over to Serbian officials.\nKosovo Prime Minister Isa Mustafa on Friday urged \"the French government to take into consideration that such warrants are fully political and have no legal or juridical base.\"\nFrance's Foreign Ministry has refused to comment on Kosovo's call for Haradinaj's release.\nThe French court says it is awaiting the formal extradition request from Serbia before it sets a date for a hearing.\nHaradinaj, 48, a guerrilla fighter in Kosovo's 1998-1999 war for independence from Serbia and now an opposition political leader, is accused by Serbia of committing kidnappings, torture and killings against Serb civilians when he was a senior rebel commander in western Kosovo.\nHundreds of former Kosovo guerrilla fighters and supporters from opposition parties staged a protest outside the French embassy to call for Haradinaj's release.\nIn Belgrade, Serbian Prime Minister Aleksandar Vucic on Thursday expressed hope France would extradite Haradinaj and wouldn't let politics override legal matters.\nIn a message Friday on Facebook, Haradinaj deplored that France would \"still respect decisions of (Slobodan) Milosevic's former regime.\"\nHaradinaj was cleared of war crimes charges in two lengthy trials by a U.N. war crimes tribunal. Two years ago Haradinaj was detained in Slovenia at Belgrade's request, but later released.\n\"I have a message for Serbia's friends within Kosovo and abroad: Kosovo's road to statehood cannot be stopped by anyone,\" he said.\nMustafa said the government is planning to take measures if \"Serbia, misusing the international law and order mechanism, continues the application of such politically unacceptable and immoral acts to Kosovo's activists and fighters for freedom.\"\nForeign Minister Enver Hoxhaj said the Kosovo government denied a request from Serbian President Tomislav Nikolic to visit Kosovo Friday as a response to Haradinaj's arrest in France.\nFrance and most European countries recognized Kosovo's independence after it seceded from Serbia in 2008, but Serbia has not.\n",
        "caption": "Former Kosovo prime minister Ramush Haradinaj (R) is rushed by police officers inside the Colmar courthouse, eastern France, Jan.5, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/FD9A0A7D-3AC9-41B4-BC9D-8857F4D7C540.jpg",
        "id": "27104_1",
        "answer": [
            "kidnappings, torture and killings against Serb civilians"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Haradinaj"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_06_3665889",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_06_3665889_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person with the black tie in the image accused of doing?",
        "context": "National Security Adviser: 'Not Concerned' About Kushner Back-channel Reports\nAsked about reports that U.S. President Donald Trump's son-in-law had tried to set up a clandestine communication channel with Russia before the president took office, U.S. National Security Advisor H.R. McMaster said Saturday that so-called \"back-channeling\" was normal.\nMcMaster was in Taormina, Italy, on the sideline of the Group of Seven meetings, and he did not speak specifically about Jared Kushner, who is also a senior advisor to Trump. When asked if it would concern him, though, if someone in the administration tried to set up a back channel with the Russian embassy or the Kremlin, McMaster replied \"no.\"\n\"We have back-channel communications with any number of individual [countries]. So generally speaking, about back-channel communications, what that allows you to do is communicate in a discreet manner,\" said McMaster.\n\"So it doesn't pre-expose you to any sort of content or any kind of conversation or anything. So we're not concerned about it.\"\nHis comments come on a heels of The Washington Post report that Jared Kushner, Trump's son-in-law and senior adviser, discussed with Russia's ambassador to Washington the possibility of setting up a secret communications channel between the Trump transition team and the Kremlin.\nThe Post quoted U.S. officials Friday as saying that the move was meant to shield their pre-inauguration discussions from scrutiny. \nThe Post's sources said Ambassador Sergei Kislyak reported to his superiors in Moscow that Kushner made the proposal during an early-December meeting at Trump Tower in New York City. The sources said the information was detected through intercepts of Russian communications that were reviewed by U.S. officials.\nOn Thursday, U.S. news outlets reported that Kushner is being investigated by the FBI in its probe of possible collusion between the Trump campaign and Russia. The Post reported last week that a senior White House official close to the president was a significant focus of the high stakes investigation, although it did not name Kushner then.\nThe FBI's focus on Kushner does not necessarily mean he is suspected of a crime, nor is he considered a subject of the bureau's wider probe of Russia.\nThis latest revelation comes two weeks after Trump abruptly fired FBI Director James Comey, who was responsible for overseeing the investigation.\nDeputy Attorney General Rod Rosenstein last week appointed former FBI Director Robert Mueller as special counsel to oversee the investigation. Separately, at least four congressional committees are conducting their own probes into the matter.\nTrump has repeatedly denied any collusion between his campaign and the Kremlin amid accusations from U.S. intelligence that Russian President Vladimir Putin orchestrated a sweeping campaign to tilt the vote in the Republican's favor.\n",
        "caption": "White House senior adviser Jared Kushner, left, and National Security Adviser H.R. McMaster at a bilateral meeting between President Trump and Bahrain's King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, May 21, 2017, in Riyadh.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/30494690-5B5F-4AEB-AEF5-F451DFA5C305.jpg",
        "id": "2461_1",
        "answer": [
            "possible collusion between the Trump campaign and Russia",
            "back-channeling",
            "setting up a secret communications channel"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Jared Kushner"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_27_3873780",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_27_3873780_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person with the black tie in the image have?",
        "context": "Special Counsel Reportedly Investigates Trump, Son-in-Law\nSpecial Counsel Robert Mueller, who is investigating whether President Donald Trump tried to obstruct justice, also is reportedly probing the finances and business dealings of the president's son-in-law, who is one of the president's top advisers.\nThe Washington Post reported Mueller's probe into Kushner's financial transactions Thursday.\nPrevious Post articles have mentioned Kushner's meetings with the head of a Russian state-owned development bank. Kushner's lawyers say he will cooperate with investigators.\nAfter a series of Twitter posts Thursday assailing reports that a special counsel is investigating obstruction of justice allegations against him, Trump took to Twitter again Friday. He continued to denounce ongoing congressional investigations into his campaign and Russia, reiterated his disdain for the news media and touted what he perceived as his administration's successes.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;After 7 months of investigations \\u0026amp;amp; committee hearings about my \\\"collusion with the Russians,\\\" nobody has been able to show any proof. Sad!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/875682853585129472\\\"\\u0026gt;June 16, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;The Fake News Media hates when I use what has turned out to be my very powerful Social Media - over 100 million people! I can go around them\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/875690204564258816\\\"\\u0026gt;June 16, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;Despite the phony Witch Hunt going on in America, the economic \\u0026amp;amp; jobs numbers are great. Regulations way down, jobs and enthusiasm way up!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/875698062030778368\\\"\\u0026gt;June 16, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;I am being investigated for firing the FBI Director by the man who told me to fire the FBI Director! Witch Hunt\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/875701471999864833\\\"\\u0026gt;June 16, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nAt an off-camera briefing for reporters, White House spokeswoman Sarah Huckabee Sanders referred questions about the president\u2019s latest tweets to Trump\u2019s personal attorney.\nThe tweets potentially could put the president into deeper legal peril.\n\u201cIt looks grossly inappropriate for the president to be bad mouthing a special counsel investigation looking into his actions and that was created by his own deputy attorney general,\u201d said Bradley Moss, a lawyer specializing in litigation relating to national security, federal employment and security clearance law.\nFILE - In this April 21, 2016 file photo, attorney and former FBI Director Robert Mueller, right, arrives for a court hearing at the Phillip Burton Federal Building in San Francisco.\nSpecial Counsel Mueller likely \u201cwill be archiving these various Twitter rants as supplemental evidence\u201d for the obstruction investigation, Moss, who also is deputy executive director of the James Madison Project, told VOA.\nMark Corallo, a spokesman for Trump's personal attorney Marc Kasowitz, reacting to the news stories that prompted the Trump tweets, blamed the FBI for leaking information regarding the president, which he called \"outrageous, inexcusable and illegal.\"\nSeveral news reports said Mueller plans to interview key U.S. national security officials about Trump's comments seeking an end to the investigation of contacts his first national security adviser, Michael Flynn, had with Russia's ambassador to Washington, Sergey Kislyak.\nBased on accounts of people familiar with the investigation, the reports say Mueller plans to interview Director of National Intelligence Dan Coats, National Security Agency (NSA) Director Michael Rogers and former NSA Deputy Director Richard Ledgett.\nThe reports say one focus of Mueller's investigation is presidential conversations with Coats and Central Intelligence Agency director Mike Pompeo in late March, in which Trump reportedly asked them to intervene with then-FBI Director James Comey to ask him to halt his probe of Flynn. A day or two later, Trump reportedly called Coats and Rogers to ask them to publicly deny the existence of any evidence that Trump aides had illegally colluded with Russian officials to help Trump win the election.\nNational Security Agency Director Adm. Mike Rogers, center joined by Director of National Intelligence Dan Coats, left, testifies before the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence about gathering intelligence on foreign agents, on Capitol Hill in Washing\nAccording to the news accounts, neither Coats nor Rogers complied with Trump's requests. It was not known whether Ledgett talked with Trump, but he wrote an internal NSA document recounting Trump's request to Rogers.\nCoats and Rogers told a Senate panel a week ago they did not feel pressured by Trump to intervene in the case, but declined to say what Trump asked them to do.\nThe former director of the Department of Homeland Security, Jeh Johnson, is scheduled to appear June 21 in an open session before the House of Representatives\u2019 intelligence committee, which is looking into Russian activity during the 2016 U.S. election campaign.\nThe Senate\u2019s intelligence committee already has interviewed Johnson about the matter.\nThe president fired Flynn in February after just 24 days on the job when he learned that the former Marine lieutenant general lied to Vice President Mike Pence about his conversations with Ambassador Kislyak.\nFormer FBI Director James Comey testifies before a Senate Intelligence Committee hearing on Russia's alleged interference in the 2016 U.S. presidential election on Capitol Hill in Washington, June 8, 2017.\nTrump fired Comey last month, saying \"this Russia thing\" was on his mind when he made the decision to oust the nation's top law enforcement official while Comey was leading the FBI's probe into Russia's meddling.\nAbout a week later, Mueller, another former FBI director, was appointed, over Trump's opposition, as special counsel to lead the criminal probe.\nThe White House confirmed on Thursday that Mueller was interviewed \u2013 presumably about again running the FBI -- the day before he was named as special counsel to investigate Russian meddling in last year's presidential election.\nNews accounts this week said Trump was considering firing Mueller from his special counsel role, but the White House eventually said he does not plan to.\nComey testified before a Senate panel last week that Trump spoke privately with him several times, including by telephone and at White House meetings.\nComey said he believed Trump was trying to get him to drop an investigation of the president's former national security adviser, and that White House officials spread \"lies, plain and simple\" to cover up the reason for his dismissal.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - White House Senior Adviser Jared Kushner listens at left as President Donald Trump speaks during a Cabinet meeting, June 12, 2017, in the Cabinet Room of the White House in Washington. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/4F80449B-0717-4176-8A3B-0749485F8620.jpg",
        "id": "29312_1",
        "answer": [
            "meetings with the head of a Russian state-owned development bank"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Kushner"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_16_3903071",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_16_3903071_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Whose actions did the man on the left in the image criticize?",
        "context": "Republican Senator Affirms Gorsuch's Criticism of Trump Tweets\nCAPITOL HILL \u2014\u00a0\nA Republican senator has joined a Democratic colleague in divulging private conversations with Judge Neil Gorsuch in which the Supreme Court nominee lamented President Donald Trump's verbal attacks on a federal judge and the judiciary as a whole.\nSpeaking on the Senate floor Thursday, Republican Ben Sasse of Nebraska said he asked Gorsuch earlier this week about Trump's tweets blasting a federal judge who halted his executive order temporarily banning travel from seven majority Muslim nations.\n\"He [Gorsuch] got a little emotional and he said, 'Any attack or any criticism of his brothers and sisters of the robe is an attack or a criticism of everybody wearing the robe as a judge,'\" Sasse recounted. \"He said that it's incredibly disheartening to hear things that might undermine the credibility and the independence of the judiciary.\"\nFILE - U.S. Supreme Court nominee Judge Neil Gorsuch, right, meets with Senator Richard Blumenthal, a Connecticut Democrat, on Capitol Hill in Washington, Feb. 8, 2017.\nSasse's account mirrors that of Democratic Senator Richard Blumenthal of Connecticut, who also met privately with Gorsuch, as is customary when a nominee is under Senate consideration. Aides to Gorsuch confirmed the essence of Blumenthal's account.\nTrump's response\nThe president responded on Twitter, accusing Blumenthal of misrepresenting Gorsuch's words and questioning the senator's record of service to the nation.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;Sen.Richard Blumenthal, who never fought in Vietnam when he said for years he had (major lie),now misrepresents what Judge Gorsuch told him?\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/829660612452036608\\\"\\u0026gt;February 9, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nSasse said Gorsuch's comments prove he will be an independent voice on the Supreme Court, if confirmed to fill the seat of the late Justice Antonin Scalia, who died last year.\n\"Frankly, I think that everybody in this body ought to be celebrating the nomination of a guy who's out there affirming three separate branches [of government] and the independence of the judiciary,\" the Nebraska senator said.\nDemocrats skeptical\nOn that point, Democrats said they remain unconvinced.\n\"To whisper in a closed room behind closed doors to a senator that 'I'm disheartened' and not condemn what the president has done to the judiciary, and not do it publicly?\" said Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, a New York Democrat. \"What he did does not show independence. It shows an ability to desire the appearance of independence without actually asserting it.\"\nWATCH: Sen. Chuck Schumer Critical of Gorsuch\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nSchumer: Gorsuch 'Avoided Answers Like The Plague'\nShare this video\n0:00:53\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:53\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 2.6MB\n360p | 3.2MB\n480p | 21.2MB\nDemocrats have pledged to give Gorsuch fair consideration, but are threatening to invoke a procedure in which a three-fifths vote would be required to confirm him. In that case, eight Democrats would have to join Republicans in backing the nominee.\nMany Democrats openly admit they remain angry that the Senate's Republican majority refused to consider former President Barack Obama's nominee for the same Supreme Court seat, Merrick Garland, last year. Some have gone so far as to say Republicans \"stole\" the seat by holding it vacant until a Republican entered the White House.\n\"I have news for my Democratic colleagues: Not getting your way does not mean that anyone stole anything; it just means that you did not get your way,\" said Republican Senator Orrin Hatch of Utah. \"I think we should stop the nonsense and act like grownups, because we have work to do.\"\nFILE - Supreme Court Justice nominee Neil Gorsuch, right, meets with Sen. Orrin Hatch, R-Utah, in Hatch's office on Capitol Hill in Washington, Feb. 1, 2017.\n\"Some of our friends on the other side [Democrats] are grasping at straws, searching for ways to call his [Gorsuch's] background or qualifications into question \u2014 basically using the nomination as a way to continue to contest and deny our new president the mandate he received from his election on November 8,\" said another Republican, John Cornyn of Texas.\nDemocrats insist their concerns are well-founded, given the actions of Trump.\n\"We need judges who are going to be independent of this president,\" Schumer said. \"If this president can attack the judiciary the way he does, if this president has so little respect for rule of law or for separation of powers, our last and best refuge are the courts. So this new nominee to the Supreme Court has to pass a special test, in my opinion, of true independence from the president.\"\n",
        "caption": "Supreme Court nominee Judge Neil Gorsuch, left, walks with Sen. Ben Sasse (R-NE) at the Capitol Hill in Washington, D.C., Feb. 7, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/2CA9B49B-BCE4-4B76-924B-DBAC07EEFFFF.jpg",
        "id": "26387_1",
        "answer": [
            " President Donald Trump"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Supreme Court nominee "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_09_3716763",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_09_3716763_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What events will the person in the right of the image compete in next?",
        "context": "Bolt Resigned to Losing Relay Gold, But Not Holding Grudges\nMELBOURNE, AUSTRALIA \u2014\u00a0\nUsain Bolt says he is resigned to the fact that he's lost one of his nine Olympic gold medals, but isn't holding any grudges against drug-tainted Jamaican relay teammate Nesta Carter.\nCarter has said he will appeal after re-analysis of his sample from the 2008 Beijing Games using more advanced scientific methods returned a positive test to the prohibited stimulant methylhexaneamine.\nThe result announced by the International Olympic Committee last week meant Jamaica was stripped of the 4x100-meter relay gold, one of Bolt's unprecedented three gold medals at three consecutive Olympics at Beijing, London in 2012 and Rio de Janeiro last year.\nBolt and fellow Jamaican sprinter Asafa Powell arrived in Melbourne on Wednesday for a Nitro Athletics meet which begins Saturday.\n\"Initially (I was) disappointed, of course,\" Bolt said at Melbourne airport.\n\"But in life, things happen ... I'm not sad, I'm waiting to see if Nesta is going to appeal or whatever,\" Bolt added. \"So right now I'm just waiting to see what's going to happen. But I gave up my medal.\"\nCarter teamed with Bolt on three straight world championship relay-winning teams, from 2011 through 2015. He also took an individual bronze in the 100 in 2013 in Moscow, behind Bolt and Justin Gatlin of the United States.\nCarter, who did not compete at the Rio de Janeiro Olympics last year, faces a ban from the IAAF.\nBolt, Powell and Michael Frater, the fourth member of the relay team which crossed the line in a world record time of 37.1 seconds at the Beijing Games, are all in Melbourne to compete in the Nitro Athletics series.\nThe meet held over three nights will feature six teams of 24 track and field athletes - 12 women and 12 men - from Australia, an international team representing the Bolt All-Stars, China, England, Japan, and New Zealand.\nOrganizers say the team-based competition \"combines strength, endurance, power and extreme energy\" and includes sprint, distance, field and para-athletic events. The series continues on Feb. 9 and 11, also at Melbourne's Lakeside Stadium.\nFormer 100-meter world record holder Powell also served a doping ban in 2014 after testing positive to the stimulant oxilofrine, although his sanction was reduced from 18 months to six following a successful appeal to the Court of Arbitration for Sport.\n\"We went out there as a team and we did what we had to do,\" Powell said Wednesday.\n\"It's very unfortunate and we have to look to the future. We've accomplished a lot and we just need to be positive about everything right now. I'm in no position to say what should and should not be (banned). It is what it is. Some things aren't fair.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - In this Friday, Aug. 22, 2008 file photo members of Jamaica's gold medal winning relay team Nesta Carter and Usain Bolt, right, celebrate after the men's 4x100-meter relay final during the athletics competitions in the National Stadium at the Beijing 2008 Olympics in Beijing. Bolt has been stripped of one of his nine Olympic gold medals, Wednesday Jan. 25, 2017, in a doping case involving teammate Nesta Carter.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/FB0C0694-CEA3-4A61-8A15-2A51DA11A1EE.jpg",
        "id": "4422_1",
        "answer": [
            "Nitro Athletics series"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Usain Bolt",
            "Bolt"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_01_3702167",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_01_3702167_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What info did the person resting in the image receive?",
        "context": "Jailed Nobel Laureate's Case Casts Shadow Over Hong Kong Anniversary \nHONG KONG \u2014\u00a0\nNews this past week that jailed Chinese Nobel Peace Prize laureate Liu Xiaobo was diagnosed with terminal liver cancer is casting a shadow over the 20th anniversary of Hong Kong's return to China from British rule.\nAhead of the anniversary on July 1 and swearing-in of Hong Kong's new Beijing-approved chief executive, Carrie Lam, activists perched on a statue outside the convention center where the anniversary ceremony will take place.\nThe protesters engaged in an hourslong standoff with police, calling for direct elections in Hong Kong and Liu's unconditional release. Activists refused to leave until they were escorted or carried away from the statue, a gift from China after the handover in 1997.\nFILE - A policeman tries to stop members of the Demosisto political party and other pro-democracy activists from climbing a giant flower statue given to Hong Kong from Beijing in 1997 in Golden Bauhinia Square, Hong Kong, June 28, 2017.\nIn 2011, a Chinese court sentenced Liu to 11 years in prison for \"inciting subversion of state power\" for advocating democracy and political reform in China online.\n\"In my opinion, he was illegally arrested because what he has been saying for all of these years can never be illegal in an ordinary society,\" said Lau Chung-shiu, a participant in Thursday night's vigil. \"Now he is terminally ill and this has caused a shock wave in Hong Kong. It just makes us worry about freedom of speech.\"\nLau says now is the time for people in Hong Kong to speak out, to ensure that there is no further erosion of the \"one-country, two systems\" model that was set up before the city's return to China.\nOpportunity to look forward\nFor Beijing, the 20th anniversary was supposed to be a celebration and an opportunity to look forward to a brighter future for this global financial hub. However, there are those who see a similarity between Liu's plight and concerns about eroding freedoms and China's tightening grip over the port city's affairs.\nFILE - Video clips show China's jailed Nobel Peace laureate Liu Xiaobo lying on a bed receiving medical treatment at a hospital, left, and Liu saying wardens take good care of him, on a computer screens in Beijing, June 29, 2017.\nOn Thursday evening, near Hong Kong's Court of Final Appeal, dozens of supporters gathered to speak out about Liu, calling for his release and praying for his health and strength.\n\u201cIn my opinion, he was illegally arrested because what he has been saying for all of these years can never be illegal in an ordinary society,\u201d said Lai Chung-shiu, a participant in Thursday night\u2019s vigil. \u201cNow he is terminally ill and this has caused a shockwave in Hong Kong. It just makes us worry about freedom of speech.\u201d\nLai says now is the time for people in Hong Kong to speak out, to ensure that there is no further erosion of the \u201cone-country, two systems\u201d model that was set up before the city\u2019s return to China.\nThe \u201cone country, two systems\u201d model was established before the handover to ensure that Hong Kong\u2019s norms such as rule of law, freedom of expression and religion continued for 50 years after its return to Chinese rule.\nNow, just two decades since that event, there is growing concern that China is going back on its promises.\n\u201cWhy does the Chinese government not believe the Hong Kong people should have this type of democracy ((direct elections))?\u201d asked C.Y. Wong, another participant. \u201cIt was promised in the Basic Law. We are not asking for anything extra.\u201d\nHong Kong\u2019s mini-constitution, the Basic Law, guarantees universal suffrage and activists have called for direct elections for the territory\u2019s chief executive. China ruled out that idea in 2012, maintaining that candidates be chosen by a committee made up largely of pro-Beijing members.\nMany see direct elections as crucial for Hong Kong\u2019s development and argue that the stalled political reforms are dividing society and fueling concerns about a range of issues from the economy to education.\nDivided community\n\"I don't like how the Chinese government is suppressing the voices of opposing views. I don't think that is how a country should work,\u201d said Athena Tam, a university student in Hong Kong.\nFILE - Chinese President Xi Jinping inspects the People's Liberation Army of the Hong Kong Garrison at the Shek Kong Barracks in Hong Kong, June 30, 2017.\nCalvin Lai, a Hong Kong resident who is currently studying overseas, said that Hong Kong still has many advantages and opportunities, but it needs to focus on more than just real estate and finance.\n\"I think Hong Kong has been overly dependent on consumer power from China and we haven't got much different industry,\u201d Lai said. \u201cWe have had several decades of booming growth, but we've failed to manage to have innovative industries.\"\nOthers want to see the divide created by the debate to end.\n\"I think there are too many arguments and we need leadership to align the different stakeholders in Hong Kong to make society move forward,\u201d said Leo Cheung, an engineer.\nConcerns are unlikely to dampen the mood that authorities have mapped out for the event.\nChinese President Xi Jinping arrived in Hong Kong this week ahead of the anniversary. Xi has said he will meet with people from all walks of life during his three-day visit, but heightened security is likely to keep further protests and calls for political reform - as well as the unconditional release of Liu - out of view.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Video clips show China's jailed Nobel Peace laureate Liu Xiaobo lying on a bed receiving medical treatment at a hospital, left, and Liu saying wardens take good care of him, on a computer screens in Beijing, June 29, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/FFE916E4-073E-4228-B92B-4BB4FE463C02.jpg",
        "id": "26755_2",
        "answer": [
            "diagnosed with terminal liver cancer"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Liu Xiaobo"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_30_3922955",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_30_3922955_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where is the person with white hair in the image going?",
        "context": "N. Korea Concerns on Forefront on Secretary of State Tillerson's Visit to China\nBEIJING \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson says the U.S. and China feel a sense of urgency about North Korea, which on Sunday tested a high-thrust rocket that it called the \u201cnew birth\u201d of its rocket industry.\nConcerns about North Korea and its increasingly threatening behavior dominated discussions during Tillerson\u2019s first trip to the region, which included stops in Japan, South Korea and China, the final stop.\nWATCH: US Looks for New Way Forward on North Korea\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nUS Looks for New Way Forward on North Korea\nShare this video\n0:02:23\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:23\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 6.6MB\n360p | 10.3MB\n720p | 61.5MB\nThe administration of Donald Trump is looking for a new way forward on the issue and clearly finding a way to work together with China on the regional flash point is key.\n\"We've committed ourselves to do everything we can to prevent any type of conflict from breaking out. And we view there are a number of steps that we can take that are in front of us,\u201d Tillerson said, speaking at a joint news conference with Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi.\nNeither Tillerson nor Wang elaborated what steps are under consideration and it's still unclear whether Washington and Beijing see eye to eye on the issue.\nBefore Tillerson arrived in Beijing, President Donald Trump criticized China for not doing enough.\n\"North Korea is behaving badly. They have been playing the United States for years. China has done little to help!\" Trump said in the tweet.\nBut Wang told Tillerson it is everyone\u2019s responsibility to \u201cimplement sanctions\u201d and try and \u201crestart talks.\u201d\nEarlier in Tokyo, Tillerson declared that diplomatic and other efforts over the past 20 years to put an end North Korea's nuclear ambitions have failed.\nU.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson is welcomed by his Japanese counterpart Fumio Kishida at the Iikura Guesthouse in Tokyo, March 16, 2017.\nAll options on the table\nIn Seoul, He said all options are on the table, including military measures.\n\u201cIf North Korea takes actions that threatens South Korean forces or our own forces, then that would be met with an appropriate response. If they elevate the threat of their weapons program to a level that we believe requires action, that option is on the table,\u201d said Tillerson at a joint news conference with South Korean Foreign Minister Yun Byung-se.\nUS Secretary of State Rex Tillerson, left, speaks as South Korean Foreign Minister Yun Byung-se looks on during a press conference in Seoul, March 17, 2017.\nSome experts argue it\u2019s not a tougher approach that is needed, but direct talks without pre-conditions.\n\u201cOf course there is no guarantee for success. Right now the status-quo is not working. Time is not on our side,\u201d said James McKeon, a policy analyst at the Center for Arms Control and Non-Proliferation.\n\u201dThe North Koreans continue to advance their nuclear and ballistic missile capabilities to the point that they are now, not necessarily testing their missiles, they are showing off their missiles' capabilities.\"\nEarlier this month, North Korea conducted its latest missile launch, firing four missiles into the Sea of Japan. The ballistic missiles landed inside Japan's exclusive economic zone \u2014 an area according to international law that extends 200 kilometers off a country's coastline.\nRocket engine test\nOn Sunday, news of the rocket engine test came not long before Tillerson met with Chinese President Xi Jinping.\nNorth Korean leader Kim Jong Un said the test was successful and that \u201cthe world will soon witness the great significance of the epoch-making victory\u201d that Pyongyang has achieved.\nThe test consisted of firing the rocket engine while it was held in place on the ground, not powering a missile. The ignition took place at the Tongchang-ri rocket launch station, near the North\u2019s border with China, according to North Korea media.\nDuring Tillerson\u2019s meeting with Chinese President Xi on Sunday, the two discussed efforts to arrange a planned meeting between President Trump and Xi. Diplomatic sources told VOA the meeting from April 6-7 will take place at Trump\u2019s Mar-a-Lago resort in Florida.\nTillerson told Xi that President Trump looks forward to enhancing the understanding between the two countries, and \u201cthe opportunity for a visit in the future.\u201d\nTillerson: Trump Places High Value on Communication with China\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTillerson: Trump Places High Value on Communication with China\nShare this video\n0:00:31\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:31\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 1.1MB\n360p | 1.4MB\n480p | 7.5MB\nWorking together to get North Korea to change course is something Trump and Xi will need to work out face to face.\n",
        "caption": "Chinese President Xi Jinping (R) shakes hands with U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson before their meeting at at the Great Hall of the People on March 19, 2017 in Beijing, China. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F2D2C0E8-8F2B-49B1-B2BD-31417D5DF0C1.jpg",
        "id": "32951_1_2",
        "answer": [
            "Japan, South Korea and China"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Tillerson"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_19_3772482",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_19_3772482_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who did the person with the blue tie in the image quote?",
        "context": "UN Chief: US May Meet Paris Climate Goals Despite Exit\nLISBON, PORTUGAL \u2014\u00a0\nU.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres says the United States may meet the Paris climate agreement's targets despite pulling out of the deal.\nGuterres says Michael Bloomberg, a U.N. special envoy on climate change, is \"convinced\" the U.S. will reach the Paris goals. Guterres says that is because some U.S. states, cities and businesses are committed to green energy.\nGuterres said in a speech Monday in Lisbon, Portugal that President Donald Trump's decision to withdraw from the global Paris agreement strengthened the deal by prompting other major countries to reaffirm their commitment to its ambitions. He named China, India and the members of the European Union as examples.\nTrump announced last month that he was taking the U.S. out of the landmark global accord aimed at combatting global warming.\n",
        "caption": "Secretary of State Rex Tillerson, right, walks with \u200eU.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres, Wednesday, June 28, 2017, at the State Department in Washington. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/3B9AAD8E-A156-4B4E-8CBD-A2BE94DED5D6.jpg",
        "id": "32585_1_1",
        "answer": [
            "Michael Bloomberg"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Guterres"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_03_3926004",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_03_3926004_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What thing shadowed the meeting of the people in the image?",
        "context": "Corruption Undermining Ukraine's Progress, EU's Juncker Says\nKYIV \u2014\u00a0\nCorruption is undermining all efforts to rebuild Ukraine in line with European Union norms, European Commission chief Jean-Claude Juncker said on Thursday, as President Petro Poroshenko vowed to pursue ever-closer integration with the bloc.\nJuncker and European Council President Donald Tusk were in Kyiv for a 24-hour summit with Poroshenko following the final ratification of a new trade pact that has angered Russia.\n\u201cWhat we are asking ... is to increase the fight against corruption, because corruption is undermining all the efforts this great nation is undertaking,\u201d Juncker said at a joint briefing. \u201cWe remain very concerned.\u201d\nThe criticism suggests the EU delegation may have taken a tougher-than-expected line in talks forecast to be largely upbeat after the confirmation on Tuesday of an association agreement for closer political and trade ties.\nSeven conditions still in works\nSeparately, European Commission Vice president Valdis Dombrovskis said Kyiv had a shrinking window to meet 21 conditions to unlock 600 million euros ($684 million) of further financial assistance from the EU, of which seven are outstanding.\nThese conditions include making sure that a landmark reform forcing officials to declare their assets online is properly implemented, and Kyiv lifting a ban on wood exports.\n\u201cWhat we are emphasizing currently is that we have quite limited time,\u201d Dombrovskis told reporters. \u201cSo all the conditions need to be implemented already in October ... because the macrofinancial assistance program ends on Jan. 4 next year.\u201d\nUkrainian President, Petro Poroshenko, right, European Council President Donald Tusk, left, and European Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker talk during an informal meeting in Kyiv, Ukraine, July. 13, 2017.\nReforms lead to investments\nThe pro-Western government in Kyiv has sought to boost EU relations since the ousting of a Moscow-backed president in 2014, implementing reforms in exchange for billions of dollars in aid and a new visa-free travel deal with the European Union.\nBut Ukraine's allies have repeatedly expressed concern that vested interests and corrupt practices remain entrenched, partly due to weak rule of law.\nThe European Union and the International Monetary Fund, Ukraine's main financial backer, have called for the creation of a specialized anti-corruption court, but Juncker said a new solution had been agreed at the summit.\n\u201cToday we agreed that if Ukraine establishes ... a special chamber devoted to this issue, that will be enough,\u201d he said.\nEU membership remains far off\nMykhailo Zhernakov, a judicial expert at the non-governmental coalition Reanimation Package of Reforms, said the agreement would be a disappointment to those campaigning for greater accountability.\n\u201cThere's no way that a chamber in any court will be as independent as a separate court,\u201d he told Reuters. \u201cIt's not going to help.\u201d\nWhile full EU membership for Ukraine remains far off, Poroshenko stressed that Kyiv hopes to integrate further by joining the customs union and becoming a member of the bloc's Schengen open-border zone.\n\u201cAs early as today, it's important to start developing a roadmap to the realization of our dreams,\u201d he said.\n",
        "caption": "Ukrainian President, Petro Poroshenko, center, European Council President Donald Tusk, right, and European Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker shakes hands during a meeting in Kiev, Ukraine, July 13, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/1330DBB6-C330-4087-A2F8-5925B73C4E25.jpg",
        "id": "8014_1",
        "answer": [
            "Corruption",
            "a new trade pact"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Ukrainian President, Petro Poroshenko, center, European Council President Donald Tusk, right, and European Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker",
            "Juncker and European Council President Donald Tusk"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_13_3943379",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_13_3943379_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person in front of the microphones in the image doing?",
        "context": "South Sudanese Judges' Strike Continues Despite Dismissals\nSouth Sudanese judges said Friday that despite President Salva Kiir's decision to fire 14 of their colleagues, they will continue their strike until their demands are met.\nThe judges went on strike May 1, demanding that Kiir increase their pay, improve working conditions and remove Chief Justice Chan Reec Madut from the bench for ignoring their demands.\nAt a news conference in Juba, Justice Bold Lul Wang, chairman of a general assembly representing South Sudan's judges, said judges were shocked by Kiir's move, announced in a presidential decree Wednesday.\n\"We are expecting the presidency should look into the problem which we submitted, because when someone comes to you to complain, you cannot punish the complainant. You have to answer his demand or say to him, I'm sorry I cannot help your demand,' \" Wang said.\nFILE - Chan Reec Madut, center, speaks during a press conference in Juba, Jan. 3, 2011.\nWang said South Sudanese judges held an urgent meeting Friday in Juba and other towns across the country to talk about the fired judges.\n\"The [judges'] general assembly has resolved to continue the general strike in solidarity with our honorable dismissed judges and justices until all our demands are met,\" Wang said.\nThe judges are calling on the president to immediately reinstate the sacked judges and reconsider their demands. Wang said all judges stand in solidarity with their fired colleagues.\n\"We are, therefore, placing the matter into the able authority of his excellency, the president of the republic, to either meet all our demands \u2014 including the immediate reinstatement of our dismissed honorable colleagues who have been championing our cause \u2014 or to dismiss us all who are on strike,\" Wang said.\nWhen Kiir fired the 14 judges, which Wang believes was recommended by Chief Justice Madut, he said the president did not follow proper procedure.\n\"The president has the power to remove some judges, but through certain procedures which were not met. And in our humble view, we think that the chief justice has misled the president because he is the one to guide the president through the right procedure,\" Wang said.\nMost South Sudanese courts are backlogged with criminal cases because there are not enough judges to hear the cases and conduct trials.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Chan Reec Madut, center, speaks during a press conference in Juba, Jan. 3, 2011.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/7CD98F3C-C7F4-4977-9F9F-31B95219F823.jpg",
        "id": "15200_2",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "ignoring their demands"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Chan Reec Madut"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_14_3944773",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_14_3944773_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What type of event happened at the place in the image?",
        "context": "Suspected Rebels Storm Philippine Jail, 158 Inmates Escape\nKIDAPAWAN, PHILIPPINES \u2014\u00a0\nNearly 160 inmates escaped after suspected Muslim rebels attacked a jail in the southern Philippines before dawn Wednesday, and at least six people were shot dead as pursuing government forces traded fire with gunmen, officials said.\nActing Provincial Jail Warden Supt. Peter John Bongngat Jr. said a guard was killed and an inmate was wounded in an initial gunbattle when dozens of gunmen stormed the North Cotabato District Jail in Kidapawan in one of the country's largest jailbreaks in recent years. Kidapawan city in Cotabato Province is about 930 kilometers (580 miles) southeast of the capital Manila.\nBongngat and Kidapawan police chief Supt. Leo Ajero said gunfire continued for hours after the attack as army troops and police, some in armored tanks, hunted through the surrounding forests for the 158 escaped inmates and the gunmen who freed them.\nBongat said the heavily armed attackers were suspected to include members of the outlawed Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters and guerrillas who broke away from the main Moro Islamic Liberation Front, which has signed a peace deal with the government.\nOf the six killed in the shootout, at least five were escapees, while another six were recaptured, officials said.\nThe jail held more than 1,500 inmates, including Bangsamoro members facing murder charges for a series of bombings in the province, officials said. It was the third attack in the provincial jail facility since 2007.\nLocal village leader Alexander Austria told The Associated Press by telephone that he and his men captured one escaped man.\nHe said the gunfire woke his village, which was several kilometers (miles) from the prison, and he immediately posted guards because of worries the attackers and escaped inmates could enter the village.\n\"We heard the gunfire and we sprang into action to guard our village,'' Austria said. \" We were afraid the escapees could try to enter our village to hide or take hostages.''\n",
        "caption": "Filipino inmates remain in their cell at the North Cotabato District Jail in Kidapawan city, Cotabato Province, southern Philippines, after a massive jailbreak, Jan. 4, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/118E4A1F-716E-4026-845A-CC77B31EA58F.jpg",
        "id": "21588_1",
        "answer": [
            "one of the country's largest jailbreaks in recent years",
            "None",
            "jailbreak"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "North Cotabato District Jail"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_04_3662496",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_04_3662496_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What was the person with the yellow tie in the image spearheading?",
        "context": "Trump in Middle East, But Back Home Focus Still on Comey Firing\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. President Donald Trump focused Sunday on a major address to Muslim leaders at a summit in Riyadh, but back home the day's news shows were dominated by talk of his firing of FBI chief James Comey and investigations into the Trump campaign's links to Russia.\nTwo key Trump officials, Secretary of State Rex Tillerson and National Security Adviser H.R. McMaster, told interviewers that at a May 10 White House meeting with two Russian diplomats, Trump brought up Comey's ouster the day before in an effort to show how \"distracted\" he had been by Comey's investigation of possible Trump campaign collusion with Moscow interests to help him win the election.\nU.S. President Donald Trump meets with Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov, left, next to Russian Ambassador to the U.S. Sergei Kislyak at the White House in Washington, May 10, 2017. (Russian Foreign Ministry photo via AP)\nAccording to a New York Times report Friday, Trump told Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov and Moscow's U.S. ambassador, Sergey Kislyak, that Comey was \"a real nutjob\" and that his removal would relieve \"great pressure.\" Some opposition Democratic lawmakers say that Trump's dismissal of the official investigating him amounts to obstruction of justice, an impeachable offense.\nAnother Times story said Comey's notes from a February meeting with Trump the day after he fired his first national security adviser, Michael Flynn, showed that he urged Comey to drop his probe of Flynn's calls to Kislyak.\nMcMaster told ABC, \"The gist of the conversation was that the president feels as if he is hamstrung in his ability to work with Russia to find areas of cooperation because this has been obviously so much in the news.\"\nTillerson told Fox News that Trump was also trying to convey to the Russians that he was \"not going to be distracted by all these issues at home that affect us domestically.\"\nRepublican Senator John McCain, a frequent Trump critic, told Fox News that he was \"almost speechless\" that Trump would describe Comey in such negative terms. The White House has not denied Trump's attack on Comey while condemning leaks of the Oval Office meeting.\n\"I don't know why someone would say something like that,\" McCain said, but stopped short of saying Comey's firing was an effort to impede the FBI's investigation.\n\"I don't think it was a wise thing to do,\" McCain said. \"Mr. Comey was highly respected and highly regarded and so I can't explain it.\"\nFILE - In this April 21, 2016 file photo, attorney and former FBI Director Robert Mueller, right, arrives for a court hearing at the Phillip Burton Federal Building in San Francisco.\nEven with Trump dismissing Comey, Robert Mueller, Comey's predecessor as director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the country's top law enforcement agency, was named this past week as special prosecutor to investigate Russia's meddling in the election and whether any Trump aides colluded with Moscow to boost Trump's chances of defeating his Democratic challenger, Hillary Clinton.\nThe U.S. intelligence community has concluded Moscow hacked into the computer of Clinton campaign chief John Podesta, with the anti-secrecy group WikiLeaks subsequently releasing thousands of his emails in the weeks just before last November's election, depicting embarrassing behind-the-scenes efforts by Democratic operatives to help Clinton win the party's presidential nomination.\nAnother Republican lawmaker, Senator Marco Rubio, said, \"If any president tries to impede an investigation ... no matter who it is, by interfering with the FBI, yes, that would be problematic. That would be not just problematic, it would be obviously a potential obstruction of justice that people have to make a decision on.\"\nRubio said, however, that he would reserve judgment until he has heard Comey's public testimony before a congressional panel in the coming weeks about his contacts with Trump.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A combination photo shows U.S. President Donald Trump (L) in the House of Representatives in Washington, U.S., on Feb. 28, 2017 and FBI Director James Comey in Washington on July 7, 2016. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/13907EED-4456-49DA-AF1E-6876C30ABCEF.jpg",
        "id": "33204_1",
        "answer": [
            "investigation of possible Trump campaign collusion with Moscow interests"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Comey"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_21_3864182",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_21_3864182_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who is the person on the right of the image going to talk to?",
        "context": "'Hard Work Starts Now': Brexit Bargaining to Begin\nBRUSSELS \u2014\u00a0\nEU officials hope the British government shows more sense of urgency about a Brexit deal when its negotiators come to Brussels on Monday for a first full round of talks aimed at smoothing Britain's departure.\n\"The hard work starts now,\" the European Union's chief negotiator Michel Barnier said Wednesday, again sounding a note of alarm that London has yet to provide detailed proposals on a range of key issues, with barely a year left for bargaining.\nA year after the referendum vote to leave the bloc propelled her to power, Prime Minister Theresa May still faces a complex task in finding consensus at home on what kind of Brexit Britain wants \u2014 a job made all the harder by losing her parliamentary majority in an election last month.\nHer Brexit minister, veteran anti-EU campaigner David Davis, is expected to meet Barnier, a French former cabinet minister, at the European Commission's Berlaymont headquarters on Monday morning.\nThey and their teams will then spend up to four days in a mixture of smaller working groups and plenary sessions, with the priority being to identify areas of accord and discord on a set of issues agreed on during an initial day of talks on June 19.\nFILE - British Prime Minister Theresa May speaks during a media conference at an EU summit in Brussels, June 23, 2017.\nThese issues, notably the rights of expatriate citizens, how much Britain may owe to the EU budget and how to manage the new EU-UK border, especially with Ireland, are ones both sides want to settle in a withdrawal treaty. Barnier says this must be ready by about October next year if it is to be ratified on both sides of the Channel before Britain leaves in March 2019.\n\"The clock is ticking,\" he said Wednesday, displaying a degree of impatience with British ministers who continue to dismiss EU demands that they first must agree in principle that London will owe the Union a hefty amount \u2014 probably in the tens of billions of euros \u2014 to cover its existing commitments.\n\"The first serious test of the negotiations will be them agreeing to pay the bill,\" a senior EU official said, describing the coming week as a vital moment to establish rapport among the senior civil servants who will handle what is arguably the most convoluted and far-reaching diplomatic deal of modern times.\nProgress required\nWithout \"significant progress\" on all three priority areas of the divorce package, Barnier warns, EU leaders will not let Davis open talks on a free trade relationship, which May and much of British business want to have ready by the time Britain leaves.\nFILE - EU Chief Brexit Negotiator Michel Barnier, right, and British Secretary of State for Exiting the EU David Davis arrive for a media conference at EU headquarters in Brussels, June 19, 2017.\nFor now, the EU says May's offer to guarantee the rights of 3 million Europeans in Britain falls short. It is also unhappy at Britain's refusal to accept EU judges as the ultimate arbiters of disputes \u2014 an issue that could get an early airing as London seeks a quick fix to prevent its withdrawal from the Euratom pact disrupting its nuclear industry and medical imaging.\nCommitted to keep all 27 other EU governments informed and on board with a process in which all have differing interests, the Commission negotiators are insisting on publishing negotiating documents and holding regular news conferences \u2014 a cause of some discomfort in London.\nEU officials expect Barnier and Davis to brief reporters again Thursday, partly to nail down the week's achievements.\n\"It's important to describe our progress,\" the senior EU official said, likening the Brexit process to trade negotiations that the Commission more typically runs with other governments.\n\"If you don't cash the week's progress in public, by having both sides talk to the media, you never know if your partner will go back later on what they promised to agree.\"\nEU leaders hold a regular quarterly summit in mid-October and could use that moment to instruct Barnier to prepare trade negotiations; but that will require good progress next week and in three further weeklong rounds of talks.\nOn that timetable, Barnier reckons, a broad political deal on the outlines of a new, open trading relationship could be in place by late next year, allowing for a transitional phase of up to a few years after Brexit to negotiate all the details.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Union flags displayed on a tourist stall, backdropped by the Houses of Parliament and Elizabeth Tower containing the bell know as Big Ben, in London, Feb. 8, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/412E5963-4729-4348-ACBC-6DEF6F06A012.jpg",
        "id": "30199_1",
        "answer": [
            "David Davis"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Barnier"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_14_3944685",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_14_3944685_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who did the crashing of the vehicle in the image spark?",
        "context": "Tanzania Cracks Down on School Bus Safety Following Deadly Crash\nARUSHA \u2014\u00a0\nAuthorities in Tanzania say they are cracking down on school bus safety following a recent deadly crash (May 6) that killed 35 people, nearly all of them schoolchildren. The tragedy has revived advocacy for stricter safety rules that will help prevent future accidents.\nThe skeleton of the lime green minibus lies in the Arusha traffic police yard. Its front wheels are twisted upwards showing the force of the accident's impact. Inside, the orange benches are contorted and crushed together.\nThe accident took the lives of 32 Tanzanian schoolchildren as well as their two teachers and the bus driver.\nArusha police hauled what remains of the school bus to their headquarters as part of an ongoing investigation. The school's owner was detained on Tuesday for questioning, but has since been released on bail.\nYusuph Ilembo, Arusha senior assistant commissioner of police, says precautions must be taken.\n\"They must have their buses good, well checked, with good tires. And also their drivers, they must make sure their drivers never drive the school buses when they are drunk and they will never drive their buses with excessive speed.\"\nThe students from Lucky Vincent Primary school in Arusha were on the way to a partner school outside the city. But they never made it.\nTheir bus plunged into a ravine. The force of the impact caused many of the seats to come undone and fly forward.\nIlembo says traffic police officers have been dispatched throughout the region to check that school buses are up to code and equipped with seatbelts.\nA close-up look of the damage sustained by the Lucky Vincent school bus. (Courtesy - Willy Lowry)\nCalls for stricter regulations\nSome government opposition members believe bus operators need stricter routine regulation. Samson Mwigamba, a member of ACT Wazalendo, is one of them.\n\"The bus operators are aiming at maximizing profit and what they do is they just take the old buses which are actually so much prone to the accidents and they hire the not much qualified drivers.\"\nLucky Vincent is one of the top-rated elementary schools in the region. Its headmaster, Ephraim Jackson, told VOA students and teachers are still trying to grapple with what happened as families hold funerals for the victims.\n\"We can say that this can be the national disaster and everybody received this in a very sad way. The Regional Commissioner said that he can also prepare a very good program on how the pupils and staff can be counselled.\"\nThe school has launched an online donation page aimed at raising about $22,000 [50 million shillings] to help the families who lost their children.\nThree American medical volunteers who witnessed the crash and helped rescue three survivors are now trying to bring the children to the United States for treatment.\nThey've visited the children in hospital every day since the crash, says Kevin Negaard, one of the volunteers.\n\"Every time it's been a little more reassuring. They're getting healthier and healthier, but they still have multiple injuries that really need significant care.\"\nTheir organization, Siouxland Tanzania Education Medical Ministries (STEMM) says it will cover the cost of the children's surgeries in the U.S.\n",
        "caption": "The mangled Lucky Vincent school bus is being hauled away after plunging into a ravine on May 6, 2017. The accident killed 35 people, mostly schoolchildren. (Courtesy - Willy Lowry)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/82307D86-F23F-4898-A41D-733C489BD241.png",
        "id": "24328_1",
        "answer": [
            "Authorities in Tanzania"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "bus"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_13_3850552",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_13_3850552_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Why are the people in the image protesting the celebration?",
        "context": "Forbidden Love: Valentine's Day Banned for Some in Asia\nJAKARTA/ISLAMABAD \u2014\u00a0\nValentine's Day celebrations on Tuesday were banned by authorities in parts of Indonesia and Pakistan, home to Asia's largest Muslim populations, saying the romantic tradition encouraged casual sex and ran counter to cultural norms.\nIn Indonesia, officials from the country's second largest city, Surabaya, ordered schools to prohibit students from celebrating Valentine's Day, while in Makassar, police raided minimarts and seized condoms in a bid to prevent teenagers from having sex.\n\"These raids were done after we received reports from residents that the minimarts were selling condoms in an unregulated way, especially on Valentine's Day,\" Makassar police official Jufri was quoted as saying in a media report.\nIndonesia's highest Islamic clerical council declared Valentine's Day forbidden by Islamic law in 2012, saying it was contradictory to Muslim culture and teachings.\nBut the vast majority of Indonesia's more than 220 million Muslims follow a moderate form of Islam in a country with sizeable Christian and Hindu minorities. Indonesia is a secular country whose state ideology enshrines religious diversity.\nIn Indonesia's capital, Jakarta, and other parts of the country, Valentine's Day has grown in popularity with companies, like national flag carrier Garuda Indonesia, looking to cash in by offering special discounts and promotions.\nIn Pakistan, an Islamic republic, a court banned public Valentine's Day celebrations in its capital.\nThe Islamabad High Court also ordered the media to \"ensure that nothing about the celebration of Valentine's Day and its promotion is spread\".\nThat hurt some businesses in the city of 2 million people. \"I've sold at least 50 percent less flowers today than in past years. People just haven't come out to buy them,\" said Haider Ali, who works at the F7 flower market in Islamabad.\nPromoting love\nIn other Asian countries, authorities took the opposite position on Valentine's Day, imposing preemptive measures to protect festivities and even encouraging sex.\nThailand's government, concerned with its falling birth rate, handed out vitamins to married couples to try to encourage them to have children.\nWhile in eastern India, police placed two members of the Bajrang Dal - the youth wing of the hardline World Hindu Council - and four activists from a fringe political party in preventive detention to ensure they didn't disrupt celebrations.\nSecurity in Bhubaneswar, capital of Odisha state, was stepped up in public spaces including parks, cinemas and malls to prevent activists from taking the law into their own hands, Deputy Commissioner of Police Satyabrata Bhoi told Reuters.\nIn Mumbai, the Hindu-nationalist Shiv Sena party dropped its earlier opposition to Valentine's Day after its activists had in the past beaten up couples spending the day together.\n\"We are neutral about Valentine's Day,\" said Shiv Sena Neelam Gorhe. \"As far as this year is concerned, we have asked cadres not to give any violent reaction.\"\n",
        "caption": "Muslim students shout slogans during a protest against Valentine's Day celebrations in Surabaya, Indonesia, Feb. 13, 2017 in this photo taken by Antara Foto.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/59D56E2F-E69C-425C-B3C1-38D9D0070B2F.jpg",
        "id": "2439_1",
        "answer": [
            "the romantic tradition encouraged casual sex and ran counter to cultural norms"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Valentine's Day celebrations",
            "protest against Valentine's Day celebrations"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_14_3724127",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_14_3724127_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What issue did the people working in the image fix?",
        "context": "Hoard of Coins Extracted From Sea Turtle\nBANGKOK \u2014\u00a0\nThai veterinarians on Monday removed 915 coins from a 25-year-old sea turtle which had been swallowing items thrown into her pool for good luck, eventually limiting her ability to swim.\nThe coins and other objects removed from the turtle named Omsin \u2014 piggy bank in Thai \u2014 weighed 5 kg (11 lb). The turtle itself weighed 59 kg (130 lb).\nThe green sea turtle, living at a conservation center in Sriracha, Chonburi, east of the Thai capital of Bangkok, had been finding it hard to swim normally because of the weight.\nThe vets said they believed the seven-hour-long operation was the world's first such surgery.\n\"We think it will take about a month to ensure she will fully recover,\" said Nantarika Chansue, of Chulalongkorn University's veterinary science faculty, adding that the turtle would need six more months of physical therapy.\nThere was no immediate estimate of the value of the coins, some of them foreign and many corroded.\n",
        "caption": "Screen show Thai veterinarians operate Omsin, a 25 year old female green sea turtle, during a surgical operation to remove coins from her stomach, during a news conference at the Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University in Bangkok, Thailand, March 6, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/01050E74-0335-4FB6-9F9C-33C6B163AB20.jpg",
        "id": "25217_1",
        "answer": [
            "her ability to swim"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Thai veterinarians"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_06_3751756",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_06_3751756_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where was the person in the photo in the image from?",
        "context": "Guatemalan Land Activist Wins Prestigious Goldman Prize\nGUATEMALA CITY \u2014\u00a0\nRodrigo Tot, a 60-year-old farmer and activist, was awarded the prestigious Goldman Environmental Prize on Monday for work in his Guatemala homeland, an honor that comes after two previous Latin American winners were murdered in the last year.\nThe diminutive, soft-spoken evangelical pastor was recognized for defending his indigenous Q'eqchi community's lands against a mining company and the government.\nIn a statement, Goldman praised Tot for \"intrepid leadership of his people and defense of their ancestral land\" and noted his fight has come at great personal cost: In 2012, one of his sons was shot to death in \"an assassination that was passed off as a robbery.\"\nIn an interview with the Associated Press, Tot said he was grateful for the honor but remains the same leader and person as before.\n\"I think this could be a stimulus for the work we do,\" he said, adding that he considered the award all to be recognition for \"the struggle, because we are fighting hard for our land and our natural resources.\"\nLatin America is the most dangerous region for environmental activists, with more than 570 of them murdered between 2010 and 2015, according to the London-based group Global Witness.\nIn March 2016, Goldman honoree Berta Caceres of Honduras was killed by armed men who invaded her home. And in January 2017, Mexican indigenous leader Isidro Baldenegro, another recipient of the prize, was slain in Mexico's northern state of Chihuahua.\nFILE - A woman places flowers on an altar set up in honor of Berta Caceres during a demonstration outside Honduras' embassy in Mexico City, June 15, 2016.\nMining interests\nTot, leader of the Agua Caliente \"Lote 9\" community in El Estor in Guatemala's eastern department of Izabal, has fought for decades to try to make the government recognize locals' right to fertile farmlands that are also coveted by mining interests for nickel and gold deposits that lie beneath.\nThe struggle began in 1974 in response to a new law requiring landholders to pay about $4,500 to receive property titles. In 1985, a provisional title was granted to Tot and 63 other indigenous farmers in the community while they completed payment.\nBut three years later, records of the community's ownership of the land mysteriously disappeared. And when the last payment was made in 2002, the government refused to hand over the legal title.\nIn 2004, the Mines and Energy Ministry granted a mining license for a region covering 16 Maya communities including Agua Caliente, and those rights later passed to Compania Guatemalteca de Niquel.\n\"That is why we defend it, because there are lots of natural resources,\" Tot said. \"There are 10 springs that supply lots of communities. We are preserving the mountain because if it dies, there will no longer be any water.\"\nHe and the community have fought in the courts to block mining on their land, arguing it poses environmental risks to forests and streams.\n\"Tot indefinitely delayed mining in Agua Caliente,\" Goldman said in its statement.\nFILE - In this May 31, 2003 file photo, jailed anti-logging activist Isidro Baldenegro, 39, speaks to a reporter at the Parral prison, south of the U.S. border in Mexico.\nAllegations of violence\nMining companies have been accused of using violence against those who oppose their projects in Guatemala, often in poor and marginalized indigenous communities. Other lawsuits allege abuses including rape and forcibly removing farmers from their terrain.\nAccording to Calas, a Guatemalan environmental and social law nonprofit group, in every case where indigenous communities have opposed mining projects, the government has backed the companies.\nTot said he has received threats against his life. In 2012 the Inter-American Commission on Human rights ordered protective measures for him and his lawyer, something that the Guatemalan government has not provided.\n\"I will never forget the loss of my son, but I continue to fight,\" Tot said. \"We are no longer in the 1980s, when they could make a leader disappear and everything was kept quiet. Not today. When they make a leader disappear, 10 more rise up.\"\nRecounting his arrival in in the community at age 12 after his parents died, Tot said he learned to love the land while growing up there. As an 18-year-old during Guatemala's 1960-1996 civil war, he was conscripted into the Civilian Patrol, a paramilitary organization that aided the army in controlling the population.\nTot said he was forced to do so and didn't support the military. He said that \"there were many disappearances\" during the period, including the killing of the community's then-leader for his efforts to defend the land.\nBut Tot used the experience to learn how to organize resistance.\nOn March 18, the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights agreed to consider a lawsuit brought accusing Guatemala of violating the community's rights to land, natural resources, free determination and self-government by denying their title.\n\"We are not only asking to be legalized. We already paid. We have the receipts, the records and the right,\" Tot said. \"We have to defend [the land] as far as can be.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A woman places flowers on an altar set up in honor of Berta Caceres during a demonstration outside Honduras' embassy in Mexico City, June 15, 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/FD080B50-420A-4BB0-8E57-1621D0805BDC.jpg",
        "id": "1854_2",
        "answer": [
            "Honduras"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Berta Caceres"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_24_3823675",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_24_3823675_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in the image with the camouflage want to do?",
        "context": "South Sudan Army Chief Sworn In One Day After Malong's Ouster\nJUBA / AWEIL / WASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nGeneral James Ajongo was sworn in Wednesday as the new SPLA army chief, a day after South Sudan President Salva Kiir fired his predecessor, General Paul Malong, with no explanation.\nAjongo said he would work to implement the security arrangements stipulated in the 2015 peace agreement and strive to end the fighting. He also said he would address the increasing numbers of armed groups across South Sudan who are trying to topple Kiir's government.\nAmid tight security in and around the Presidential Palace, Ajongo was sworn in by South Sudan's chief justice in front of a small audience of government officials. Afterward, Ajongo told reporters he recognized that the conflict is South Sudan's biggest problem.\nSouth Sudan's new army chief, General James Ajongo, speaks to reporters after his swearing-in at the Presidential Palace in Juba, South Sudan, May 10, 2017.\n\"It is a difficult task, given the fact the country is actually in conflict by itself, but making use of our good human resources [of] my colleagues behind here, I believe that they are the right people who [are] posted in the right place. We will be able to manage the situation, and we will exit from this conflict,\" Ajongo said.\nCareer soldier\nLike Malong, Ajongo is from Aweil in the former Northern Bahr el Ghazal State.\nPresidential spokesman Ateny Wek Ateny described Ajongo as a career soldier. \"He is the former deputy chief of general staff for administration and finance. ... He has been in the SPLA since 1983 and he has not taken any position like General Malong.\"\nMalong, sometimes referred to by supporters as \"King Paul\" for his lack of remorse, was appointed by Kiir in 2014. Since taking office, he has never seen peace in his country.\nMalong was born sometime in the early 1950s in Warawar, north of Aweil town. His exact birthdate was not recorded. In 1969, he attended basic school in his home village before completing intermediate studies at St. James in Khartoum. Malong completed school in Khartoum and returned to Aweil to form Anya-Nya, a military and political movement, which later became part of the Sudan People's Liberation Army.\nPresidential guard unit\nIn 2005, Malong set up the South Sudan presidential guard unit of the army, becoming commander of the Republican Guard. He served as a deputy of the National Intelligence and Security Services in Khartoum after the signing of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement in 2005. Malong was promoted to general by Sudan President Omar al-Bashir that same year.\nIn April 2008, Malong was appointed governor of Northern Bahr el Ghazal state. After fighting broke out in December 2013 in Juba, Malong was appointed SPLA chief of staff in April 2014, a position he held until Tuesday.\nFILE - Then-SPLA Chief of Staff Paul Malong, right, is pictured with South Sudan President Salva Kiir during an independence day ceremony in Juba, South Sudan, July 9, 2015.\nMalong vowed to restore law and order. Since his appointment, however, fighting has continued across South Sudan, even spreading to areas that were previously calm.\nMalong was accused of recruiting pro-government militias known as the Mathiang Anyor who reportedly attacked civilians in Wau, Yei, Kajokeji, Parjok, Magawi and Morobo in the former Central Equatoria state.\nMalong arrived in Yirol in Eastern Lakes State on Wednesday, where he was cheered by supporters.\nMalong reportedly headed home to Aweil with a heavily armed convoy. That has aroused fears among some residents of possible clashes between government forces and those allied to the general.\nFurther splits feared\nAweil resident Abraham Wol Kom is one of them.\n\"The presidential decree which relieved the chief of staff is very surprising,\" he said. \"The decree will increase the current political crisis. It may spark further splits across the nation, and as I speak now, Juba has been deserted. The chief of General Staff has left with a huge number of army.\"\nResident Mayen Tong feared Malong's firing could lead to another rebellion.\n\"I am not feeling comfortable. I don't know what this guy will do, because he has been the chief of army. He can rebel against the government,\" Tong said.\nBrian Adeba, associate director of policy at the Enough Project, said that although Malong was a powerful figure, not much would change under Ajongo.\n\"If you see his replacement, a protege of Malong, he was active in the war front in Unity State in the Greater Upper Nile in the beginning of this war. He's been pictured with Malong at theaters of operation. So he's literally following in the footsteps of Malong,\" Adeba said.\n",
        "caption": "South Sudan's President Salva Kiir decorates newly appointed army chief General James Ajongo during his swearing-in ceremony at the Presidential Palace in Juba, South Sudan, May 10, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/6488A13E-CA27-4F3F-8F8C-8BFE42F6871E.jpg",
        "id": "4558_1",
        "answer": [
            "implement the security arrangements stipulated in the 2015 peace agreement and strive to end the fighting",
            "work to implement the security arrangements stipulated in the 2015 peace agreement and strive to end the fighting"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "James Ajongo",
            "Ajongo"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_10_3846617",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_10_3846617_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who else did people like those in the image play against?",
        "context": "Pakistani Women in Memorable Rugby Sevens Debut\nISLAMABAD \u2014\u00a0\nThey might have won only one match at the Asian Women's Rugby Sevens in Laos on the weekend, but for the Pakistan team \u2014 which formed only a year ago \u2014 it was a dream debut at an international event.\n\"For everyone it's a huge deal that the women are playing rugby,\" said Pakistan player Mehru Khan.\n\"First, that's a big deal that women are playing rugby. And secondly that we are getting a platform to come and perform to represent our country.\"\nIn a country of more than 200 million people, where women are believed to be half of its population, only men's cricket gets recognition. Cultural barriers make it difficult for sportswomen to get due encouragement to take up either team or individual sport \u2014 especially contact sports like rugby.\nWhen last year Pakistan tried to form its women's team, Pakistan rugby officials encouraged school teachers and students and they received a good response.\n\"In Pakistan, opting for a sport like rugby, this is like out of the mould for our society,\" said Feiza Mahmood Mirza.\n\"So we are here, because I think we are making change. We are the one[s] who are gonna be the inspiration for other girls.\"\nPakistan finished above Nepal in the seven-team competition, which also featured winners South Korea, India, Malaysia, Philippines and Laos.\nThe Pakistan Rugby Union has trained more than 50,000 players since World Rugby's \"Get into Rugby\" program began in the country three years ago. More than a third of them are women and girls.\n\"We are very keen to make a good woman rugby culture in Pakistan,\" said coach Shakeel Ahmed.\n\"So we have a contract with different departments, as women's teams: we have a contract with army, we have a contract with police. We have contracts with different schools, in different cities. So until 2019 we will make more than 10,000 girls to know how to play rugby.\"\nMany players believe there are still cultural hurdles for Pakistani girls to take up sports, such as families discouraging them or a lack of government funding to establish sports facilities.\nMehru has studied in Canada where she discovered rugby and believes the sport could play a major role in women's empowerment in Pakistan.\n\"I hope women in Pakistan look towards me and think if she can do it, I can do it,\" she said.\n\"I will go back and I will create a club in Lahore for girls. I will go to their houses and call them and play rugby because I don't want them to feel they are less than us or than the boys or anyone. They should come and they should join and they should have fun.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - In this photograph taken on Jan. 18, 2017, Pakistani rugby players take part in a practice session in Lahore. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/8F76946F-6B61-4A6F-AF1A-FA9224C8C89E.jpg",
        "id": "1870_1",
        "answer": [
            "Nepal in the seven-team competition, which also featured winners South Korea, India, Malaysia, Philippines and Laos."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Pakistan"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_20_3732093",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_20_3732093_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the group present in the image slam?",
        "context": "Colombia's ELN Sees No Peace Deal Before 2018 Elections\nHAVANA \u2014\u00a0\nColombia's second biggest rebel group, the National Liberation Army (ELN), said on Thursday it did not expect to have reached a peace agreement by the 2018 elections and criticized the government for failing to tackle right-wing paramilitary groups.\nThe ELN and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) held a joint news conference on Thursday in the Cuban capital after meeting in Havana with the government's approval to discuss their respective approaches to ending a half-century of civil war in the Andean country.\nThis was their first public meeting since the FARC signed a peace agreement with the government last November, after four years of talks in Havana. Its fighters have begun to disarm and reintegrate into civilian life.\nMeanwhile, the ELN is also holding peace talks with the government in Quito, Ecuador, which it will renew on Tuesday, May 16.\nAsked if the ELN expected to reach a peace deal before the 2018 presidential and legislative elections, ELN Commander Nicolas Rodriguez, known as \"Gabino,\" said: \"The truth is we do not think so.\"\nIn a joint statement with the FARC, the ELN said it was committed to creating a more democratic country in Colombia and taking the violence out of the political fight.\nMore than 220,000 people have died in the conflict between the government, the ELN, the FARC and right-wing paramilitaries, while millions have been displaced from their homes.\n\"We have to say with regret that we do not see the government's will to tackle, as it should, paramilitaries as a phenomenon that threatens peace,\" said Rodriguez.\n",
        "caption": "Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) commander, Timoleon Jimenez (2nd L), talks to Pablo Beltran, (L) representative of Colombian National Liberation Army (ELN) during a joint news conference in Havana, Cuba, May 11, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/9E83C79B-AB9C-42F1-A78A-166D87BE5BD3.jpg",
        "id": "31290_1",
        "answer": [
            "the government"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "National Liberation Army (ELN)"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_11_3848203",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_11_3848203_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the country in the image have?",
        "context": "Corruption Report: Turning to Populist Leaders May Make Things Worse\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nAn anti-corruption watchdog is highlighting a link between inequality and government corruption with the release of its annual global index, saying people are increasingly looking to populist leaders who promise to tackle corruption, but are likely to make the situation worse.\n\u201cIn countries with populist or autocratic leaders, we often see democracies in decline and a disturbing pattern of attempts to crack down on civil society, limit press freedom, and weaken the independence of the judiciary,\u201d said Jose Ugaz, chair of Transparency International, as the group released its report Wednesday. \u201cInstead of tackling crony capitalism, those leaders usually install even worse forms of corrupt systems.\u201d\nThe report says countries need \u201cdeep-rooted systemic reforms\u201d to address growing imbalances of power and wealth. It recommends those changes include public disclosure of who owns companies and imposing sanctions against those who help move corrupt money across borders.\n\u201cIn too many countries, people are deprived of their most basic needs and go to bed hungry every night because of corruption, while the powerful and corrupt enjoy lavish lifestyles with impunity,\u201d Ugaz said.\nIndex based on surveys\nThe Corruption Perceptions Index is based on surveys and reports of how business leaders and country experts perceive corruption in the public sector. It rates countries on a scale of 0-100, with 0 being a country that is highly corrupt and 100 being very clean.\nIn 2016, the report said more countries declined than improved when it came to corruption.\nThe highest ranked countries were Denmark and New Zealand, which each scored 90, Finland with 89 and Sweden with 88. The report said each of those countries has an open government, free press and independent judicial systems. It added that highly ranked countries in general also allow citizens to access information about how public money is spent.\nFILE - People stand and walk on a beach in the old port of Mogadishu, Somalia, Nov. 13, 2013. Global watchdog Transparency International said Wednesday its latest annual Corruption Perceptions Index report showed pervasive public-sector corruption around the world. Somalia remained the worst performer with a score of 10, followed by South Sudan, with a score of 11.\nBottom of index\nOn the bottom of the index, Somalia ranked as the country with the most perceived corruption for the 10th consecutive year. It scored a 10, with the report noting concerns about corruption in its parliamentary elections and a presidential vote that was postponed three times.\nSouth Sudan (11), North Korea (12) and Syria (13) were also at the bottom of the index. \nTransparency International said low-ranked countries feature untrustworthy public institutions like the police and court system, basic services that are lacking because funding is misappropriated, anti-corruption laws that are ignored if they exist and people frequently faced with extortion.\nThe five countries that serve as the permanent members of the United Nations Security Council represent varying stages of the index, with Britain (81) among the least corrupt, followed by the United States (74) and France (69), while China (40) and Russia (29) scored as more corrupt.\nFive of the 10 lowest scoring nations came from the Middle East and North Africa: Syria (13), Yemen (14), Sudan (14), Libya (14) and Iraq (17).\n\u201cThese countries are also inflicted with political instability, war, internal conflicts and terrorism, stressing the fact that war and conflict fuel corruption and in particular political corruption,\u201d the report says.\nProtests and change\nTransparency International also noted the wave of protests and in some cases changes in government that spread across the region in 2011, saying \u201cthe majority of Arab countries have failed to fulfill the will of the people to build democratic systems allowing for greater transparency and accountability.\u201d\nThe report cited improvements in Tunisia (41), saying it adopted a national anti-corruption strategy and a law governing access to information.\nFor the Asia-Pacific region, the report listed 19 of 30 countries in the bottom half of the index, blaming the low scores on unaccountable governments, a lack of oversight and corruption scandals that have called into question trust in government. It noted improvements in Afghanistan, which still ranks very low with a 15, but has nearly doubled its score since 2013.\nPhilippines President Rodrigo Duterte delivers a speech at the start of a state dinner hosted by Singapore's President Tony Tan at the Istana in Singapore, Dec. 15, 2016.\nTransparency International said the main stories for the Asia-Pacific have yet to fully play out, with the new president of the Philippines Rodrigo Duterte relying extensively on anti-corruption rhetoric during his campaign, but also attacking media and using intimidation that could affect democratic institutions. The group noted concerns linked to graft allegations against Malaysia\u2019s prime minister and the impeachment for corruption of South Korean President Park Geun-hye.\nIn sub-Saharan Africa, the report highlights the improvements of Cape Verde (59) and Sao Tome and Principe (46), with each country holding clean elections in 2016, and Sao Tome and Principe carrying out a smooth transition of power. The report also cited Ghana (43) among a group of six countries in the region that significantly declined from 2015 to 2016, saying corruption there led to citizens voting out an incumbent president for the first time in the country\u2019s history.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - People stand and walk on a beach in the old port of Mogadishu, Somalia, Nov. 13, 2013. Global watchdog Transparency International said Wednesday its latest annual Corruption Perceptions Index report showed pervasive public-sector corruption around the world. Somalia remained the worst performer with a score of 10, followed by South Sudan, with a score of 11.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/0E084C0A-FEA8-4C66-81A0-E0849ADDF188.jpg",
        "id": "21426_2",
        "answer": [
            "the most perceived corruption",
            "None",
            "corruption"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Somalia"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_25_3691263",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_25_3691263_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in the image with the tie do?",
        "context": "Hawaii AG: Challenge to Trump\u2019s Travel Ban Rooted in WWII\nHawaii Attorney General Douglas Chin says the decision to challenge President Donald Trump\u2019s travel ban has its roots in World War II.\nWhile the surprise Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor painfully underscored the need to focus on national security, the decision to isolate Americans based on their ancestry still stands as a national embarrassment.\n\u201cOne of the things that people remember from that time is the internment of Japanese Americans, German Americans and Italian Americans based upon national security issues,\u201d Chin said in a TV interview with VOA\u2019s Deewa Service.\n\u201cWhen [Trump\u2019s] order came out, it was actually the 75th anniversary of when president [Franklin D.] Roosevelt had issued his own executive order. It\u2019s not like every decision that was made then was a great one.\u201d\nIn addition, about 20 percent of Hawaii\u2019s population is foreign-born, many of its students come from overseas, and tourism is the state\u2019s No. 1 economic driver.\n\u201cThe fact that when the executive order came out it had some discrimination against people based on their national origin, that immediately struck a chord with people in the state,\u201d said Chin, the son of Chinese immigrants.\n\u201cThis kind of order goes against people\u2019s civil rights. That\u2019s a bad trend that we don\u2019t want to see lead to worse things in the future. I think that history teaches us that if you don\u2019t speak out the first time when you see injustice happening, the next time it becomes harder to speak up again. It becomes easier to rationalize or compromise or justify a decision the government is making.\u201d\nTrump\u2019s second order barred the issuance of new visas for 90 days to people from six countries: Somalia, Iran, Syria, Sudan, Libya and Yemen. Iraq, which had been on the list in the first travel order, was omitted because it agreed to stricter vetting. Like the first travel order, the second one barred refugee admissions for 120 days, but it did not ban Syrian refugees indefinitely, as the first one did.\nBelongings of Japanese-American internees newly arrived at the Minidoka camp from western Washington state await delivery to their barracks in August 1942 (Francis Stewart, War Relocation Authority via National Archives). Hawaii Attorney General Douglas Chin likens the Tump administration's travel ban to the World War II-era wholesale internment of Japanese Americans, German Americans and Italian Americans because of national security concerns.\nWhile highly unpopular overseas, the 90-day entry ban on citizens of the six countries is supported by roughly one-half of all Americans, according to polls, and is consistent with repeated promises made by the president during his election campaign. Homeland Security chief John Kelly maintained when the first order was issued in January that the ban is not aimed specifically at Muslims, saying that his agency\u2019s mission \u201cis to safeguard the American people, our homeland, our values.\"\nChin has a reply. \u201cWe understand that national security is absolutely critical. The current president just needs to do what the presidents before him did, just follow the Constitution.\"\nPrecedents\nChin pointed out that the decision to set up internment camps wasn\u2019t a sudden one.\n\u201cIt started with little things that people would say, statements from the highest levels of government, things like, `You can\u2019t really trust the Japanese people because they come from a different culture than the American culture,\u2019\" said Chin.\n\u201cI think when we hear \u2026 the highest levels of government making statements that are disenfranchising an entire class of people or minimizing them or somehow making them second rate from another class, that\u2019s just not what the United States is all about. I think that\u2019s why what we\u2019re doing is so important,\u201d he said.\nAfter Trump\u2019s original ban was overturned by a judge in Washington state, the White House issued a new version aimed at clearing the legal system. Chin said there was a legal precedent that took down the revision.\n\u201cThe Supreme Court, several years ago when it was looking at religious discrimination, decided the following: Basically, the courts are allowed to look behind the words that are on a document, even if they are neutral, to find if there is any discriminatory intent,\u201d said Chin.\nHe pointed to a March 15 rally in Nashville in which Trump said on national television that the revision was basically a watered-down version of the original, and that if he had his way, he would go back to original.\n\u201cYou couldn\u2019t ask for something more explicit,\u201d Chin said.\nVOA\u2019s Deewa Service contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "Hawaii Attorney General Douglas Chin speaks outside Federal Court house in Honolulu, March 29, 2017. Chin, the son of Chinese immigrants, argues that the Trump White House's travel ban, even its revised version, is discriminatory.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/5DD8BB4E-D20F-4951-8279-F9B4CD14E0AA.jpg",
        "id": "5290_1",
        "answer": [
            "says the decision to challenge President Donald Trump\u2019s travel ban has its roots in World War II.",
            "Argues that the Trump White House\u2019s travel ban, even in its revised version, is discriminatory "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Douglas Chin"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_27_3828350",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_27_3828350_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What do the people who work at the building in the image supposedly do?",
        "context": "Yahoo Breach Spotlights Links Between Russian Spies, Hackers\nA U.S. indictment of two Russian intelligence agents and two hackers alleged to have stolen more than half a billion U.S. email accounts in 2014 has cast a spotlight on the intertwining of the Russian security services and the murky digital underworld.\nThe officers of the powerful FSB, Russia's Federal Security Service, are accused of employing cybercriminals to access Yahoo's systems and steal data on millions of ordinary users as well as U.S. and Russian officials, Russian journalists and executives at large companies.\nInterviews with security experts, hackers and people close to the Russian cybercriminal world suggest that the FSB's ties to cybercrime date back years and are mediated through a web of intermediaries and lubricated by blackmail and cash.\n\u201cThere has been a lot of piggy-backing by the Russian state on the activities of Russian organized cybercriminal groups and scooping up the fruits of their activities,\u201d said Nigel Inkster, director of Future Conflict and Cyber Security at the International Institute for Strategic Studies in London and a former British intelligence officer.\n\u201cThe FSB know where these guys are and they know where they can find them,\u201d he said.\nAccording to the indictment, FSB agents Igor Sushchin and Dmitry Dokuchaev ran two hackers during the Yahoo operation and paid them. The hackers were Aleksei Belan, a Russian national, and Karim Baratov, a Kazakh who lives in Canada. Belan also is alleged to have simultaneously used the data to run a spamming network to look for financial information for personal profit.\nDokuchaev, a 33-year-old major in the FSB's Information Security Center, was arrested in December as part of a treason case, Russian media have reported. The U.S. Justice Department would not confirm that account.\nIn 2011, Dokuchaev was identified by the pseudonym \u201cForb\u201d in the Russian-language magazine Hacker. In a 2004 interview with the Russian newspaper Vedomosti, Forb boasted of making money from credit-card fraud and breaking into U.S. government websites. Little is known about the nature of the treason charge.\nIn announcing the indictment that included Dokuchaev and Sushchin, Acting Assistant Attorney General Mary McCord noted that their department was \u201cthe FBI's point of contact in Moscow for cybercrime matters.\u201d\n\u201cThe involvement and direction of FSB officers with law enforcement responsibilities makes this conduct that much more egregious,\u201d she said.\nPresident Vladimir Putin's spokesman Dmitry Peskov said the Kremlin learned about the indictments from the media and hasn't received any official information. He also reaffirmed Russia's denial of any official involvement in hacking.\n\u201cWe have repeatedly said that there absolutely can't be any talk about any Russian agency's official involvement, including the FSB, in any illegal actions in cyberspace,\u201d he said.\nThe FSB press service had no immediate comment on the indictment, and the agency did not reply to earlier faxed questions about its broader contacts with hackers.\nAlong with Dokuchaev, at least three other men reportedly were arrested in the treason case, including Col. Sergei Mikhailov, the deputy head of the FSB's Information Security Center. Although details are sparse, that case has highlighted apparent links between the FSB and cybercrime.\nRussia has long been known for its dynamic cybercriminal underworld, which is fueled by high technical standards and the opportunity for significant financial rewards.\nThat makes it a fertile recruiting ground for the intelligence services.\nFILE - This wanted poster provided by the FBI shows Dmitry Aleksandrovich Dokuchaev, 33, a Russian national. A U.S. indictment of two Russian intelligence agents and two hackers alleged to have stolen more than half a billion U.S. email accounts in 2014 has cast a spotlight on the intertwining of the Russian security services and the murky digital underworld.\nRivalries within\n\u201cIt's all about outsourcing,\u201d said Andrei Soldatov, an expert on the Russian security services and co-author of \u201cRed Web,\u201d a book about Kremlin attempts to control the internet.\nSoldatov pointed to the Russian military operations in Ukraine that used local proxies and private contractors, describing it as a tactic helpful to Kremlin officials \u201cbecause it allows them to deny responsibility.\u201d\nThe most talented Russian hackers work for groups that carry out big financial heists, said Alexander Gostev, chief security expert at Kaspersky Lab, a cybersecurity firm. This community is run by about 20 kingpins who have technical skills but are more notable for their management abilities and contact networks, he said.\n\u201cAny hacking group can be hired for an attack on whatever you want,\u201d Gostev said.\nThe FSB is the leading Russian intelligence agency engaged in cyber operations, but it competes with the military intelligence service, known as the GRU, and the Foreign Intelligence Service, or SVR, according to Mark Galeotti, an expert on the Russian security services and a senior researcher at the Institute of International Relations in Prague.\nRivalries between these groups mean they are constantly vying for the Kremlin's favor. \u201cThey are like a collection of cats wanting to bring the dead mouse to the master's kitchen,\u201d Galeotti said.\nOutgoing U.S. president Barack Obama imposed sanctions in December on both the FSB and the GRU for their role in what U.S. intelligence services concluded was Russian interference in the 2016 election campaign.\nThe FSB is more aggressive than the military and foreign intelligence agencies, which run more traditional intelligence operations, according to Galeotti.\n\u201cThe FSB are secret policemen who are used to operating with absolute impunity and they freely use heavy-handed tactics like blackmail,\u201d he said.\nRussian programmer Dmitry Artimovich, who was convicted in 2013 of hacking offenses, said the FSB had made repeated attempts to recruit him.\nThe first time, he said, was via his cellmate when he was in prison awaiting trial. Artimovich said he refused the offer, preferring to spend time in prison.\n\u201cWhy would I do it?\u201d he said. \u201cI served one and a half years. Now I am free and don't owe anyone anything. But if you agree to this, you can't go anywhere. You can't have any career growth. It's real dependency.\u201d\nSince being released, Artimovich said he has been asked dozens of times to carry out hacking operations, offers he said are designed to tempt him to break the law and become vulnerable to FSB pressure. Artimovich shared screenshots of some of these proposals with The Associated Press, which were made via social networking sites.\nAlexander Glazastikov, a member of a hacking group that blackmailed top Russian officials after stealing personal details, said earlier this year that the group, known as Humpty Dumpty, cooperated with the FSB. In exchange for protection, Humpty Dumpty handed the FSB compromising material from hacked email accounts.\nSecurity analysts also highlight the case of Yevgeny Bogachyov, a Russian programmer with a $3 million FBI bounty on his head. He is thought to be behind one of the most successful viruses, Zeus, which siphoned off hundreds of millions of dollars from bank accounts worldwide. U.S. officials have said that Bogachyov lives a luxurious life in a southern Russian resort on the Black Sea.\nBogachyov is one of the kingpins in Russia's cyber community, according to Kaspersky Lab's Gostev. \u201cHe is clearly not a programmer,\u201d Gostev said.\nSince he was named publicly in 2010, Bogachyov has been linked to intelligence-gathering operations targeting the security services of Turkey, Georgia and Ukraine. Many experts assume his talents have been utilized by Russian intelligence agencies.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Cars drive past the headquarters of the Russian Federal Security Service (FSB) in central Moscow on Dec. 30, 2016. A massive Yahoo breach exposes the intertwining of Russian security services and the country\u2019s murky digital underworld, a U.S. indictment alleges.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/0FBFA9E9-7C05-4904-B27F-9476ACCD0E2C.jpg",
        "id": "23489_1",
        "answer": [
            "access Yahoo's systems and steal data"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "FSB"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_16_3768844",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_16_3768844_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the speaker in the image do earlier?",
        "context": "Brazil's Workers Party Looks to Lula to Rise from Ashes\nBRASILIA \u2014\u00a0\nBrazil's once all-mighty Workers Party, driven into the political wilderness by its fall from power in the midst of a massive graft scandal, is struggling to find its footing ahead of next year's general election.\nSome analysts say the party is many years away from ever winning back the power it once firmly held.\nBut party members are optimistic, saying that their single biggest asset, the charisma of its founder and former Brazilian President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, remains a potent political force, despite Lula's facing five corruption trials.\nA return of the PT, the Portuguese acronym by which the party is known, worries investors who fear it would reverse the unpopular fiscal reforms proposed in President Michel Temer's austerity drive.\nAt a convention this week aimed at rebuilding the party as an effective opposition to the Temer government, members waving red flags and chanting \"Lula for President\" clamored for him to run again next year, or earlier if the embattled Temer is ousted by one of Brazil's top courts.\nFILE - Brazil's former President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva addresses supporters during a rally for Brazil's President Dilma Rousseff, in Sao Bernardo do Campo, in the greater Sao Paulo area, Brazil, April 4, 2016.\n\"His popularity is unique in Brazil. No one else has the ability to mobilize the people like him. His candidacy will pull up the party and the left-wing social movement as a whole,\" Carlos Zarattini, the party's leader in the lower chamber of Congress, told Reuters.\nA former union leader who led strikes in the early 1980s that helped dismantle a two-decade military dictatorship, Lula rose from poverty to the presidency on the back of his ability to electrify crowds at campaign rallies.\nOpinion polls show Lula ahead for the 2018 race, though he is burdened by having the highest rejection rates among all potential hopefuls whose supporters would likely unite against him in a run-off.\nThe real question is whether he will make it to the start line. A conviction for corruption followed by the loss of a first appeal would disqualify him from running. A ruling in the first graft case against him is expected by July.\nLula has already said publicly that he wants to run in 2018, but has not yet made it official to avoid compounding his legal problems, aides said.\nRallying supporters at the PT convention on Thursday, the 71-year-old leftist leader made no mention of a presidential bid.\nInstead, he portrayed the cases against him as political persecution by Brazil's elites who he said are undoing the social welfare policies that helped lift millions out of poverty during his time in office and that of his impeached successor Dilma Rousseff.\nLula called on the PT to join ranks around a new program that will reconnect the party with its roots in the working classes.\nFormer Brazilian President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, left, and Former Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff are seen wearing party caps during the opening ceremony of the national congress of the Workers' Party in Brasilia, Brazil, June 1, 2017.\n'A very weakened party'\nThat platform will be radical to recover support in the party's traditional base among workers and peasants, leaders said. It will include land reform opposed by the country's powerful farm lobby and a tax on wealthy Brazilians. The PT is also calling for legislation to \"democratize\" the media which the party says has hounded Lula because it is controlled by a small group of rich families.\n\"In this crisis, the PT is recovering its identity as the party of the working classes,\" said Julio Turra, a party founder and a leader of Brazil's largest labor confederation, the CUT, which represents 23 million workers.\nHe said the renewal of the PT will require self-criticism of mistaken economic policies of Rousseff that helped plunge Brazil into recession and caused widespread unemployment.\nAnalysts say the fall of the PT was so great that the party will take a long time to recover and will be in no shape to win an election any time soon.\nIn the 2016 municipal elections, which usually serve as a good indicator of the support in the next presidential race, the PT lost 60 percent of the mayor's offices it held, including Brazil's largest city, Sao Paulo.\n\"It is a very weakened party. The only thing it has left is Lula,\" said Claudio Couto, political science professor at the FGV think tank in Sao Paulo.\n\"It still has a capacity to mobilize people with Lula, who is perhaps the greatest mass leader Brazil has had,\" Couto said. \"But if they launch his candidacy now and he gets banned, that would be worse for the party.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Brazil's former President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva addresses supporters during a rally for Brazil's President Dilma Rousseff, in Sao Bernardo do Campo, in the greater Sao Paulo area, Brazil, April 4, 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F240EECE-FD90-487D-AC64-E2A0789A3FE7.jpg",
        "id": "4598_2",
        "answer": [
            "led strikes in the early 1980s that helped dismantle a two-decade military dictatorship"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Lula"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_02_3885255",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_02_3885255_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What are the people in the image testing out?",
        "context": "Shooting at Jerusalem Holy Site Leaves 2 Police Officers, 3 Attackers Dead\nJERUSALEM \u2014\u00a0\nThree Palestinians opened fire on Israelis near a major Jerusalem holy site Friday, wounding three before fleeing into the sacred compound where they were killed in a gunfight with security forces, police said.\nTwo of those wounded were police officers who died of their wounds.\nThe rare gunfight took place inside a sacred hilltop compound in Jerusalem, known to Jews as Temple Mount and to Muslims as Noble Sanctuary. The compound is the holiest site in Judaism and the third holiest in Islam, after Mecca and Medina in Saudi Arabia.\nThe site has been a flashpoint for violence in the past, with friction there sparking major rounds of Israeli-Palestinian violence, including a Palestinian uprising against Israeli occupation that lasted several years.\nReuters reports that Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas spoke to Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu Friday, condemning the attack.\nIsraeli border police secure the area near the scene of the shooting attack in Jerusalem's Old City, July 14, 2017.\nHoly site closed for Friday prayers\nPolice said the site was cleared of people after the attack and will be closed for prayers Friday \u2014 the highlight of the Muslim religious week. It typically draws tens of thousands of worshippers who flock to the compound from Israel and the Israeli-occupied West Bank.\nIt marked only the third time since Israel\u2019s capture of east Jerusalem in the 1967 Mideast war that authorities ordered the Muslim-administered compound closed, said Ikrema Sabri, a prayer leader at the holy site.\nPolice spokeswoman Luba Samri said the incident began early Friday, near Lion\u2019s Gate, one of the entrances into Jerusalem\u2019s walled Old City. The mosque compound is only a few yards (meters) from Lion\u2019s Gate.\nSamri said the attackers opened fire on Israelis and then fled into the compound. Police gave chase and killed the assailants, she said.\nAmateur video broadcast on Israeli TV stations showed a few seconds of what appeared to be confrontation between Israeli security forces and the attackers.\nIsraeli border policemen search a Palestinian man in Jerusalem's Old City, July 14, 2017.\nHeavy security in area\nPolice are probing how the assailants were able to approach the Old City with weapons. Heavy security is in place in the area, particularly Fridays, and young Palestinian men are frequently stopped and checked by police.\nIt was the latest bloodshed in a wave of Palestinian attacks that erupted in 2015, in part over the Jerusalem holy site.\nIn that time, Palestinian attackers have killed 43 Israelis, two visiting Americans and a British tourist in stabbings, shootings and attacks using cars to ram into troops or civilians.\nDuring that period, Israeli forces have killed more than 254 Palestinians, most of them said by Israel to be attackers while others were killed in clashes.\n",
        "caption": "Israeli border police secure the area near the scene of the shooting attack in Jerusalem's Old City, July 14, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/6CDE529C-BA7E-48E3-B17A-F686D659AD21.jpg",
        "id": "20484_2",
        "answer": [
            "how the assailants were able to approach the Old City with weapons",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Police",
            "Israeli border police"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_14_3943941",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_14_3943941_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the the man in the center of the image do that brought him to court?",
        "context": "Jakarta Governor Given 2-Year Sentence for Blasphemy\nJAKARTA \u2014\u00a0\nJakarta\u2019s Chinese-Christian Governor has been sentenced to two years in prison after being found guilty of blasphemy, in a case seen as a test of Indonesia\u2019s religious tolerance. \nThe sentence, which is more than prosecutors sought, comes less than a month after he lost his election bid to stay in his position.\n\u201cThe defendant Basuki Tjahaya Purnama, alias Ahok, proven to be legitimate and convincingly guilty of committing a criminal act of blasphemy, and imprisonment for two years,\u201d said the judge. \nThe prosecutor last month called for the blasphemy counts to be dropped in exchange for a lesser charge of \u201cspreading hate\u201d, but the judges Tuesday appeared to have ignored that recommendation.\nAhok was put on trial in December over accusations that he insulted Islam while campaigning on one of the islands near the capital of Jakarta. Ahok quoted a verse in the Quran to prove to his supporters that there were no restrictions on Muslims voting for non-Muslim politicians. His statement was edited and widely spread in social media, triggering demonstrations and even threats against him during the local election campaign. \n\u201cWe will appeal,\u201d said Ahok shortly after the verdict. He was also immediately rushed out of the court room, but it is not known whether he was directly detained or not.\nIn the verdict, the judges also stated that the case has nothing to do with the local election. \u201cThis case is purely criminal, has nothing to do with the elections,\u201d said the panel of judges chaired by Dwiarso Budisantiarto.\nAlthough 87 percent of Indonesians are Muslim, its government is formally secular and its constitution protects six religions, giving no special status to Islam.\nAnies Baswedan, a university rector and former Minister of Education and Culture, handily beat Ahok, who became acting governor after his boss, Joko \u201cJokowi\u201d Widodo, won the 2014 presidential election.\n",
        "caption": "Jakarta Governor Basuki \"Ahok\" Tjahaja Purnama, center, is escorted by prosecutors as enters the court room for his sentencing hearing in Jakarta, Indonesia, May 9, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/8F9CE93A-A59C-4DE4-8A7D-832C06D43CB9.jpg",
        "id": "27381_1",
        "answer": [
            "quoted a verse in the Quran to prove to his supporters that there were no restrictions on Muslims voting for non-Muslim politicians"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Ahok "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_09_3844026",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_09_3844026_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the occupation of the person with the red badge in the image?",
        "context": "Despite Crackdown, Survey Indicates Corruption Still a Challenge in Asia\nBANGKOK \u2014\u00a0\nMajor regional surveys say corruption in Asia remains a major development challenge for governments, although China\u2019s crackdown on corruption under President Xi Jinping is seen as having an impact on public perceptions.\nThe surveys by the Berlin-based Transparency International and analysts with the Hong Kong-based Political and Economic Risk (PERC) come as several countries \u2013 including China \u2013 are taking public steps to address corruption in government and business.\nThe PERC report, released March 30, says there are positive signs that while corruption remains a major issue, \u201cperceptions about corruption in Asia on average have improved compared with one year ago.\"\nUnder the PERC survey, Singapore, Australia and Japan are ranked with low levels of perceived corruption, with a positive outcome also for Sri Lanka, while at the bottom of the scale is Cambodia, followed by Indonesia and Vietnam.\nChina\nChina\u2019s ranking is seen to have improved. \u201cPresident Xi Jinping\u2019s anti-corruption crackdown clearly seems to have made a positive impression,\u201d the Hong Kong analysts said.\n\u201cThe magnitude of the problem is still large, which means there is a lot of work still to do, but President Xi\u2019s policies have created the impression first, that the government is serious about fighting graft at all levels, and second it is making real headway,\u201d they added.\nBut Transparency International\u2019s assessment is less positive. \u201cPeople in China were most likely to think the level of corruption had increased recently \u2013 nearly three quarters of people said corruption had risen,\u201d the report said.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[],\nisMobile:true\n});\n!function(e,t,s,i){var n=\"InfogramEmbeds\",o=e.getElementsByTagName(\"script\"),d=o[0],r=/^http:/.test(e.location)?\"http:\":\"https:\";if(/^\\/{2}/.test(i)&&(i=r+i),window[n]&&window[n].initialized)window[n].process&&window[n].process();else if(!e.getElementById(s)){var a=e.createElement(\"script\");a.async=1,a.id=s,a.src=i,d.parentNode.insertBefore(a,d)}}(document,0,\"infogram-async\",\"//e.infogr.am/js/dist/embed-loader-min.js\");\nThe TI report was positive in its assessments of official efforts by the governments of India, Indonesia and Thailand in taking steps to address corruption, even though India was still marked as having the highest bribery rate of all the countries surveyed.\nThe PERC analysis said while \u201cfew in India think there has been any actual improvement in that country\u2019s systemic corruption, but they give Prime Minister [Narendra] Modi credit for using creative ways to fight the problem like his surprise ban on large bank notes.\u201d\nLawyers with the legal firm Baker McKenzie, Mini VandePol and Vivian W. Wu, in a commentary on the TI survey, said China\u2019s anti-corruption landscape was now \u201cmore stringent than ever.\"\nThey pointed to several reforms including sentencing guidelines on official and commercial bribery offenses, amendments to China\u2019s criminal law, new rules on \"whistle-blowing,\u201d amendments to Anti-Unfair Competition, and steps extending to new donation rules for the health care sector.\nThe PERC analysis said China\u2019s anti-corruption czar, Wang Qishan, holds the key over the longer term success of the Xi-led policy. But the analysts added concerns that after the men retire, \u201cthere was a chance of corruption making a comeback.\u201d\nVice Premier Wang Qishan, center, is served a drink by a hostess during the opening session of the 18th Communist Party Congress at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, Nov. 8, 2012\nEmerging economies\nWhile emerging economies such as Vietnam, Cambodia and Indonesia ranked poorly in corruption perceptions, the countries are still reporting sound rates of economic growth.\nPavida Pananond, associate professor of international business at Thammasat University, said investors are prepared to accept a certain level of corruption \u201cas part of the risk of doing business in emerging economies.\u201d\nBut she said there is a toll on business confidence that occurs when corruption is \u201cunpredictable and no clear practice on how far it would go.\u201d\n\u201cThe level where it goes and no certain kind of practice on what needs to be paid that would become a strong deterrence for business that wants to be clean and clear,\u201d Pavida told VOA.\nThailand\nIn the Transparency International and PERC surveys, people in Thailand rated positively the military government\u2019s program aimed at fighting corruption. The TI survey showed only 14 percent of people considered corruption had increased and 72 percent rated the government\u2019s policy favorably.\n\u201cBribes paid by firms to officials and regulators to secure contracts have dropped to their lowest level for five years, according to the University of the Thai Chamber of Commerce,\u201d the PERC commentary said.\nBandid Nijathawaorn, a former deputy central bank governor and currently president of the Thai Institute of Directors, said the Thai corporate sector has sought to confront the corruption problem.\nBandid said a coalition of 820 corporations against corruption, launched in 2010, has pressed the government to move on law reform covering procurement and reducing bureaucratic \"red tape.\"\nBut while there has been progress, Bandid said the problem in Thailand remains endemic.\n\u201cThe problem is quite deep-rooted and systemic in a sense. So you cannot depend on one single organization to help improve it. To improve the situation [it] must come from all the key participants in the economy, including the government sector, the private sector and also the civil society to address the problem,\u201d he told VOA.\nFILE - This June 2005 file photo, shows Juthamas Siriwan, the former governor of the Tourism Authority of Thailand.\nHigh profile cases\nLast October, Thailand launched a specialized corruption court aiming to quickly resolve corruption cases.\nIn a high profile case, the court sentenced former Tourism Authority (TAT) governor Juthamas Siriwan to 50 years in jail for accepting $1.8 million in bribes from two Americans seeking the rights to host an international film festival in Thailand.\nOther cases include $36 million in illegal payments by aircraft engine maker Rolls-Royce, said to have been made to executives of national carrier Thai Airways over several years, and to the state-controlled energy corporation PTT plc.\nThammasat University\u2019s Pavida said such cases will prove to be a test for the government\u2019s policy on corruption.\n\u201cWhen you clean up something, you need to put in a strong check and balance mechanism that can make sure that things would be implemented no matter who is in power,\u201d she said.\nThailand\u2019s anti-graft agency was reported Monday as saying it expected to conclude the investigation into the high-profile Rolls-Royce bribery scandal by year\u2019s end.\n",
        "caption": "Vice Premier Wang Qishan, center, is served a drink by a hostess during the opening session of the 18th Communist Party Congress at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, Nov. 8, 2012",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/94D7717A-4334-4E8A-8300-0FE21B3E8D78.jpg",
        "id": "4828_2",
        "answer": [
            "czar",
            "anti-corruption czar"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Wang Qishan"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_03_3793776",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_03_3793776_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who was unable to control the former owners of the vehicles in the image?",
        "context": "Philippine Fight Against Muslim Rebels Gains Momentum\nPhilippine President Rodrigo Duterte is showing signs of gaining an upper hand in his 10-month fight against a violent, ISIS-sympathetic Muslim rebel group, which rattled the country this month with plans for an attack in a tourist zone far from their base.\nDuterte has been able to throttle elements of the Abu Sayyaf, a group known for taking foreign tourists hostages and beheading some who cannot pay ransom, analysts say. His alliance with the head of another Muslim rebel group is expected to help contain Abu Sayyaf following failed efforts by past presidents.\nDuterte showing military strength\nAbu Sayyaf\u2019s clash this month with troops on the Philippine island of Bohol shows the rebels are struggling to find kidnap victims in their normal strongholds along the Sulu Sea, said Eduardo Araral, an associate professor at the National University of Singapore\u2019s public policy school. \n\u201cI think (Duterte) has really made up his mind he has to deal with Abu Sayyaf militarily,\u201d Araral said. \u201cMy sense is that the foray of Abu Sayyaf in the island of Bohol is a reflection of the pressure that the military is doing now in their traditional lairs in the Sulu-Tawi Tawi area.\nAbu Sayyaf rebels struggling\n\u201cI think they\u2019re running out of hostages to catch,\u201d he said. \u201cThere are no longer ships passing through the area. In other words, they\u2019re running out of business. That\u2019s why they\u2019re thinking to go outside their lairs.\u201d\nAbu Sayyaf is widely regarded among Filipinos as a bandit group that kidnaps tourists for a living. The group, which has pledged sympathy to the Islamic State, normally operates in the southwestern Philippines where locals, including officials, help it in exchange for a cut of the proceeds. \nThe group beheaded a Philippine soldier this month, a German tourist in February and two Canadian tourists last year.\nGovernment making inroads against the rebels\nBut this month national police detained an officer with \u201clinks with the Abu Sayyaf Group,\u201d the presidential website said Tuesday. \nThe April 11 battle killed six terrorists, three soldiers, one police officer and a civilian. Abu Sayyaf was suspected of planning an attack on the island, which is popular with foreign divers. After that clash, troops killed seven more Abu Sayyaf affiliates in gun battles on the same island, Philippine media reported.\nDuterte vowed in August to wipe out Abu Sayyaf. Although he later floated the idea of negotiating with the group, he has stepped up the armed conflict by targeting places where Abu Sayyaf's estimated 400 core members are most likely to be found, observers say.\n\u201cThey\u2019re very specific with the areas. It\u2019s not like the whole island of Mindanao,\u201d said Rhona Canoy, president of an international school and part of a political family in the southwestern city Cagayan de Oro. \u201cThey know where they are going.\u201d\nThis undated photo provided by the Armed Forces of the Philippines, shows boats the military said were used by Abu Sayyaf militants to enter the Ibananga River in the central Philippines, April 12, 2017.\nDuterte praises his troops\nDuterte\u2019s spokesman praised the attack in Bohol and pronounced the island safe for an Association of Southeast Asian Nation (ASEAN) summit this week among the leaders of 10 countries. \n\u201cThe Palace commends the timely action of our military and police that thwarted the evil plans of some armed lawless elements to sow fear and terror in the province of Bohol,\u201d spokesman Ernesto Abella said on the presidential website.\nFilipinos are weary of the rebel wars\nFilipinos nationwide support an \u201carmed solution\u201d as soon as possible, \u201cas in yesterday,\u201d said Ramon Casiple, executive director of the Philippine advocacy group Institute for Political and Electoral Reform. But he said not everyone living in the far southwest, a region known as Moro and a hotbed for multiple Muslim rebel groups, take the same view.\n\u201cIf you\u2019re talking about the Moro in the south, there is a much more nuanced support,\u201d he said. \u201cAs long as Abu Sayyaf is plundering the country, including the Moro countryside, then there is support for the government at this time, there is no doubt about it. But I don\u2019t think they would want the civil population to be victims.\u201d\nDuterte also uses negotiation\nA deal between Duterte and Nur Misuari, leader of the Muslim rebel group Moro National Liberation Front, may help stifle Abu Sayyaf, Araral said. \nMisuari, suspected of a deadly attack on the southern port city Zamboanga in 2013, may be able to avoid prosecution in exchange for not protecting Abu Sayyaf, he said.\nBecause Abu Sayyaf operates in the jungles of numerous islands with a fast-changing membership, past presidents have found it hard to squelch the group over its 26-year-history.\n\u201cThose people are like cockroaches,\u201d Canoy said. \u201cAs far as exterminating is concerned, I don\u2019t think that\u2019s going to happen, but (Duterte's campaign) is going to make an impact.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "This undated photo provided by the Armed Forces of the Philippines, shows boats the military said were used by Abu Sayyaf militants to enter the Ibananga River in the central Philippines, April 12, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/23197434-3036-4AE8-AAA7-58ED603202E8.jpg",
        "id": "31138_2",
        "answer": [
            "past presidents"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Abu Sayyaf"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_26_3826045",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_26_3826045_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is happening to the thing the people in the image are working with?",
        "context": "US Accuses China of Dumping Cheap Aluminum on World Market\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nThe U.S. accused China Thursday of illegally dumping aluminum on the world market at artificially low prices to boost its aluminum industry at the expense of U.S. competitors.\nThe Obama administration, in its waning days before President-elect Donald Trump takes office next week, alleged that Beijing is providing cheap loans and illegal subsidies for low-priced raw materials to its aluminum manufacturers to undercut the price of the metal on the world market.\n\"China gives its aluminum industry an unfair advantage,\" President Barack Obama said in announcing the complaint it had filed against China at the World Trade Organization. \"These kinds of policies have disadvantaged American manufacturers and contributed to the global glut in aluminum, steel and other sectors.\n\"America succeeds when our workers and businesses have a fair shot to compete in the global economy. That's why when other countries cut corners and break the rules on trade, my administration stands up for strong trade enforcement.\"\nWashington has won all 16 trade dispute cases it has brought against China, which U.S. Trade Representative Michael Froman said illustrates the outgoing administration's commitment to U.S. workers. It is unclear exactly what tack Trump and his trade officials will take, however, on the latest standoff with China and other disputes.\nAt his news conference Wednesday, Trump on a related issue continued to assail U.S. trade deals, much as he did during his lengthy run for a four-year term in the White House. He said China has \"has taken total advantage of us economically.\"\n\"Our trade deals are a disaster,\" the president-elect said. \"We have hundreds of billions of dollars of losses on a yearly basis. Hundreds of billions with China on trade and trade imbalance, with Japan, with Mexico, with just about everybody. We don't make good deals anymore.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Workers remove air ducts made from aluminum sheet metal in Beijing, China, Aug. 22, 2016. On Thursday, the U.S. filed a complaint against China for allegedly giving its aluminum industry an unfair advantage by providing it with cheap loans and illegal subsidies.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/001A1D53-309D-4996-B1A0-40F2CFC6DEE8.jpg",
        "id": "6811_1",
        "answer": [
            "Workers remove air ducts made from aluminum sheet metal",
            "cheap loans and illegal subsidies for low-priced raw materials"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "air ducts",
            "aluminum"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_12_3673934",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_12_3673934_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What were the full results of the event in the image?",
        "context": "IS Kills Scores in Central Syria Surprise Attack\nUnder siege in other parts of Syria, Islamic State forces staged a surprise attack Thursday on two government-held villages in central Syria's Hama province that killed more than 50 people, according to media reports and sources in the region.\nFierce clashes between IS fighters and pro-Syrian government forces in the villages of Aqareb and Al-Mabujeh left at least 15 civilians and 27 pro-regime troops dead, according to the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, which has monitors in the area. IS suffered 15 casualties, the observatory said.\nSyria's state news agency put the death toll at 52, including 15 children. There were reports of IS militants torturing villagers and looting homes.\n\"My friend lost four of his children after IS slaughtered them all,\" Maher Esber, a political activist from the area, told VOA. \"We do not know if my friend is alive, but I saw the bodies of his children.\"\nFILE - Militants of the Islamic State group hold up their weapons and wave flags on their vehicles in a convoy on a road leading to Iraq, while riding in Raqqa, Syria.\nEsber said IS was out for revenge after government forces last week inflicted heavy casualties in another village in the region controlled by IS.\n\"The regime bombarded that village,\" he said. \"Many civilians were killed.\"\nThe pre-dawn attack Thursday by IS came with IS first shelling a regime checkpoint. Syrian troops had pulled back in recent days, assuming IS was weakened in the region, Esber said.\n\"The Syrian army moved its tanks from the area,\" Esber said. \"IS used this to sneak into our areas.\"\nIS previously attacked Al-Mabujeh in March 2015, killing more than 37 residents. The villages are largely populated by Sunni Muslims and members of the Alawite clan tied to Syrian President Bashar al-Assad.\nCentral Hama province is regarded as a no man's land where parts are under IS, rebel or government control.\nIS is facing a major assault from U.S.-backed Syrian Kurdish and Arab forces in northern Syria in an offensive toward Raqqa, IS's de facto capital in Syria.\n",
        "caption": "Covered dead bodies lie on the ground after Islamic State fighters killed 20 people in the village of Aqarib al-Safi, east of Hama city, Syria in this handout picture provided by SANA on May 18, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/E579CB86-9D4A-4D3C-9921-F0291A286E36.jpg",
        "id": "18047_1",
        "answer": [
            "at least 15 civilians and 27 pro-regime troops dead",
            "None",
            "killed more than 50 people"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "dead",
            "Islamic State fighters killed 20 people in the village of Aqarib al-Safi"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_18_3861050",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_18_3861050_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What country sends a lot of goods to the country where the cars in the image are located?",
        "context": "European Carmakers Weigh Options Amid Mexico Tax Threats\nLONDON \u2014\u00a0\nEuropean automakers that count on their plants in Mexico to supply the U.S. market are weighing their options in the face of threats from President Donald Trump to impose stiff penalties in his bid to return manufacturing jobs to the United States.\nTrump has warned the U.S. could slap massive border taxes on car companies that benefit from selling their vehicles in the U.S., but are not creating jobs for Americans.\nAnalysts say Trump's efforts to shift production to the U.S. also ties into his greater strategy on Mexico. Trump has said he wants fair trade that will result in more jobs for Americans, an end to illegal immigration, and an end to the flow of drugs and violence across the U.S. southern border.\nMexico's extradition of notorious cartel leader Joaquin \u201cEl Chapo\u201d Guzman to the U.S. on the eve of Trump's inauguration is a sign the American president's strategy could be working.\nTrump\u2019s insistence that Mexico pay for a border wall and his caustic response to the cancellation of a visit by Mexican President Enrique Pena Nieto was a signal that the U.S. leader is not ready to soften his approach, despite goodwill gestures from Mexico, which also is the United States' No. 2 export market.\nThe president tweeted this on Friday:\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;Mexico has taken advantage of the U.S. for long enough. Massive trade deficits \\u0026amp;amp; little help on the very weak border must change, NOW!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/824970003153842176\\\"\\u0026gt;January 27, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nIn an interview with German newspaper Bild shortly before his inauguration, Trump warned German carmaker BMW to call off its plans for a $1 billion plant in Mexico.\n\u201cI would tell them, don't waste their time and money, unless they want to sell to other countries,\u201d Trump said. \"But I would tell BMW if they think they're gonna build a plant in Mexico and sell cars into the U.S. without a 35 percent tax, it's not gonna happen.\u201d\nBMW and Volkswagen stocks dipped after the remarks were published.\nFILE - Mexico's President Enrique Pena Nieto (R) chats to BMW production chief Harald Krueger (L) during the announcement of the new BMW factory in Mexico, in Mexico City, July 3, 2014.\nDefying the warning, BMW officials said they would go ahead with plans to complete the plant in the Mexican state of San Luis Potosi that is to turn out the BMW 3 Series sedan in two years.\nThe risk might be worth it for manufacturers, note analysts.\n\u201cGerman executives tell me it always makes more sense to put your production base closer to your sales operations. For them to make the big swing to Mexico means something is very good there,\u201d said Monica Showalter, a business writer who has written extensively on U.S. trade with Latin America.\n\u201cMexicans offer good tax breaks,\" she added. \"They also have a pretty good labor force of skilled workers, and their plants are wonderfully well-run.\u201d\nEuropean companies like Volkswagen have long depended heavily on their plants in Mexico to supply the U.S. market. Volkswagen also says it will not shift production of its Jetta and Golf models from Mexico.\nCompany officials instead are highlighting their plans to possibly start producing electric cars in the United States, where the company says it has invested heavily in an assembly plant at Chattanooga in the U.S. state of Tennessee.\n\u201cWe are really becoming an American car company now,\u201d Volkswagen Chairman Herbert Diess said at the recent North American International Auto Show in Detroit.\nStill, Trump\u2019s threats are cause for concern among German carmakers.\n\u201cWe take the statements seriously,\u201d Matthias Wissmann, president of the German Association of the Automotive Industry, said in a statement. \u201cWe have to wait and see whether these announcements will be put into effect by the U.S. administration, and if so, in what form.\u201d\nWissmann said the group is hoping for \u201cconsiderable resistance\u201d from the U.S. Congress to an import tax.\nMexico's top drug lord Joaquin 'El Chapo' Guzman is escorted as he arrives at Long Island MacArthur airport in New York, U.S., Jan. 19, 2017, after his extradition from Mexico.\nBoth opponents and supporters of Trump were astonished by the Mexican government\u2019s extradition of Guzman, who was flown in handcuffs to New York, Trump\u2019s home city.\nU.S. authorities had long called for the Mexican government to hand over Guzman, to no avail. When the extradition finally happened this month, some in the U.S. media interpreted the handover as a farewell gesture by Mexico to outgoing President Barack Obama.\nShowalter disagrees. \u201cWith the threat of Trump\u2019s wall and the threat of Trump\u2019s taxes, with those things hanging over them, Mexico is saying, \u2018We can\u2019t tolerate this. We have to get rid of this cartel problem and we have to get this economy going as fast as we can.\u2019 \u201d\n\u201cI talked to a Mexican columnist in [the Mexican state of] Guanajuato who said, \u2018The one thing about Trump is it lights a fire under us to get some reforms going,\u2019 and that is what I think we\u2019re seeing with the Chapo thing,\u201d she said.\nTrump\u2019s scolding and threats of a big border tax this month succeeded in getting the U.S.-based Ford Motor Company to cancel plans for a plant in Mexico and add 700 jobs in the U.S. state of Michigan.\nFord Chief Executive Officer Mark Fields said it was a \u201cvote of confidence\u201d in Trump\u2019s economic policies.\nFor Trump, it meant attaining two key goals: creating American jobs and getting Mexico\u2019s government to change its behavior.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Volkswagen Jettas produced in Mexico for export are parked at the port terminal in the Gulf city of Veracruz, Mexico. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B67CFCDF-42C0-40CA-8996-973485F85C3B.jpg",
        "id": "25671_1",
        "answer": [
            "the United States"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Mexico"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_27_3695978",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_27_3695978_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What must not end the conflict that have people lying down in the image?",
        "context": "'Dirty War' Must End, Says Special Adviser for Syria\nGENEVA \u2014\u00a0\nIn the wake of the toxic chemical attack on civilians, a special adviser for Syria is urging the U.S., Russia and other countries of influence to bring \"this dirty war\" to an end.\nJan Egeland, special adviser to the U.N. Special Envoy for Syria, said Thursday that a war where children suffocate to death because of toxic chemicals is a \"very, very dirty war.\" A chemical attack Tuesday in Idlib Province reportedly killed 86 people, including 30 children.\nEgeland says he is a humanitarian and does not believe in military solutions, so he is not in favor of reported calls for military action by the U.S. against Syria. He says the only solution to the war, which has entered its seventh year, is a negotiated political settlement.\nFILE - Jan Egeland, special adviser to the U.N. Special Envoy for Syria, attends a news conference in Geneva, Switzerland, Dec. 1, 2016.\n\"What I do welcome is a renewed interest from the United States to focus on the carnage in Syria,\" he said. \"We need the co-chairs, which are Russia and the United States, to be equally seized with the situation of the Syrian civilians. When there was such focusing last year, we had progress.\"\nAt the same time, Egeland says, all the other actors on the ground must work for peace and not fuel the flames of war.\nHe calls the humanitarian situation in Syria deplorable. He says nearly 5 million people in so-called hard-to-reach and besieged areas are suffering from lack of food, medicine and other essential relief.\nThere are no natural disasters preventing humanitarian aid from reaching the victims of this war-torn country, he adds.\n\"This is a story of armed men supported by powerful men outside that sabotage, block, deny humanitarian access while the civilian population is attacked, gassed and bombed,\" he said.\nEgeland says the U.N. has sought permission to provide humanitarian aid for one million people in hard-to-reach and besieged areas in April and May, adding that only one-third of that request has been approved in full by the government of Bashar al-Assad.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A still image taken from a video posted to a social media website on April 4, 2017, shows people lying on the ground, said to be in the town of Khan Sheikhoun, after what rescue workers described as a suspected gas attack in rebel-held Idlib, Syria.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/13508C78-186A-4236-8F3F-E49064BD922C.jpg",
        "id": "3159_1",
        "answer": [
            "military solutions"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Syria"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_06_3799152",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_06_3799152_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "How can the event in the image be described as?",
        "context": "Trump Supporters Hold Nationwide Rallies\nBackers of U.S. President Donald Trump held rallies across the country Saturday.\nThe \"Spirit of America\" rallies were organized by a group called the Main Street Patriots, which is made up of some of the same people that founded the Tea Party movement eight years ago to voice concerns about the way the federal government operates.\nSupporters line President Donald Trump's motorcade route near the Mar-a-Lago Club in Palm Beach, Fla., March 4, 2017.\nTrump, driving through Florida toward his Mar-a-Lago resort, stopped his motorcade briefly to see a group of about 100 cheering supporters at the roadside. The cheering, flag-waving group had set up an elaborate display, with flashing lights, images of Trump and his campaign slogan, \"Make America Great Again,\" and other messages decrying the president's Democratic critics in Congress.\nDebbie Dooley, a leader of the group and co-founder of the Tea Party, told Time magazine the rallies held Saturday were meant to be a positive response to recent negative events held by Trump's political rivals.\nA supporter of President Donald Trump chants slogans during a March 4 Trump rally on Fifth Avenue near Trump Tower in New York, , March 4, 2017.\n\"This is not a Tea Party rally,\" she told Time. \"We're not anti-this and anti-that. We're very focused on not having negative signs, making sure they're positive and upbeat.\"\nRalph King, a founder of the Main Street Patriots, told Cleveland.com, though, that the rallies were meant to shame Republicans who haven't embraced Trump, more than to counter Democratic opposition.\n\"Donald Trump's biggest roadblock is going to be the Republicans,\" King told the website.\nSupporters of President Donald Trump gather during a March 4 Trump rally on the state Capitol steps in Denver, March 4, 2017.\nRich Black, a rally organizer in Berkeley, California, told a CBS reporter the rally there was also meant to serve as \"a march for free speech\" \u2014 a response to violent protests last month at the University of California-Berkeley that forced conservative writer Milo Yiannopoulos to cancel a scheduled speaking engagement.\n\"This cannot go unchallenged anymore,\" Black told a local television station. \"What you saw on February 1 [was] innocent people, including bystanders, being physically assaulted by these thugs. Let's call it what it is.\"\nPresident Donald Trump supporters Tristan Pitera, left, and Jesse Michaelson of Sound Beach, N.Y., take part in a March 4 Trump rally on Fifth Avenue near Trump Tower in New York, March 4, 2017.\nAt least 60 pro-Trump rallies were scheduled to take place throughout the country Saturday \u2014 in large cities like Washington, small cities like Conway, South Carolina (population: 19,000) and cities as far removed as Honolulu, Hawaii.\nWhile most events were peaceful, a few clashes occurred. In Berkeley, Trump supporters and protesters clashed, with some hitting each other over the head with the wooden sticks from their signs, police said.\nThere were also minor scuffles reported in St. Paul, Minnesota, and Nashville, Tennessee.\n",
        "caption": "Supporters of President Donald Trump, Katie Miller, right, and her husband, Mark Miller, from Boonsboro, Md., join a rally at the National Mall in Washington, organized by the North Carolina-based group Gays for Trump, March 4, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/65722DE8-1133-4E07-9FAE-554D94929C08.jpg",
        "id": "5035_1",
        "answer": [
            "pro-Trump",
            "A rally at the National Mall in Washington, organized by the North Carolina-based group Gays for Trump, March 4, 2017."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "rallies",
            "a rally"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_04_3749693",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_04_3749693_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the country of the person with the red tie in the image doing?",
        "context": "Central Europe's Leaders Reject EU's Relocation of Refugees\nWARSAW, POLAND \u2014\u00a0\nLeaders from Central Europe said Tuesday they reject a European Union policy that calls for all member states to take in refugees, protesting suggestions that the level of their compliance could be linked to the availability of EU funds to them.\nA meeting in Warsaw of the so-called Visegrad Group brought together Poland's Prime Minister Beata Szydlo and her counterparts from Hungary, Slovakia and the Czech Republic. Their talks included the EU's migrant policies and its 2015 plan of sharing some 160,000 refugees among member states to ease the pressure on Greece and Italy.\nThe EU recently warned of financial consequences to those who do not comply.\nCentral European leaders said they reject the relocation plan and will not yield under the financial pressure, which they called an attempt at blackmail. Poland's government is citing security concerns among the reasons behind its refusal to take in people.\nSzydlo said at a joint news conference that EU's migration policy should result from a true compromise among member states that would take into account especially sensitive issues.\n\"The Visegrad Group, including Poland, will never agree to blackmail and will never agree to conditions being dictated to them,\" Szydlo said.\nHungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban said his country was further sealing its borders and tightening regulations to block access to any more migrants, saying that serves the security of all of Europe.\nThe Visegrad Group aspires to have a greater role in EU policies while at the same time makes a point of criticizing the bloc's decisions.\n",
        "caption": "Prime ministers of the Visegrad group countries, from left, Czech Republic's Prime Minister Bohuslav Sobotka, Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban, Polish Prime Minister Beata Szydlo and Slovakian Prime Minister Robert Fico pose for media before their meeting in Warsaw, Poland, Tuesday, March 28, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/C15656A6-8081-457A-BFDB-BA549CA5BF44.jpg",
        "id": "19273_1",
        "answer": [
            "further sealing its borders ",
            "further sealing its borders and tightening regulations to block access to any more migrants",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Viktor Orban"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_28_3785588",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_28_3785588_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person with the blue undershirt in the image used to be?",
        "context": "Two Polls: Macron's Bid for French Presidency Gathering Momentum\nPARIS \u2014\u00a0\nIndependent candidate Emmanuel Macron's campaign for the French presidency is gathering momentum, according to two polls published on Monday that showed him closing the gap with far-right leader Marine Le Pen in the first round of voting.\nUntil now polls have given Le Pen a clear lead in the first round on April 23 but have shown her losing the decisive second round on May 7 to either Macron or the other main challenger, center-right candidate Francois Fillon.\nMarine Le Pen, candidate for French 2017 presidential election, visits Le Mont Saint Michel, Feb. 27, 2017.\nMacron gains ground\nIn an Ifop-Fiducial poll for Paris Match published on Monday, Macron, a 39-year-old former banker, is now seen gathering 24.5 percent of the votes in the first round, up one percentage point on a previous poll on Friday, below Le Pen's 26 percent but well ahead of Fillon's 20 percent.\nThat chimed with another poll by Opinionway published earlier on Monday, which also showed Macron gaining 1 point to 24 percent, while Le Pen was stable at 26 percent and Fillon unchanged at 21 percent.\nMacron has now gained 5.5 points in the space of five days in the Ifop-Fiducial poll, while Le Pen has lost 0.5 points over the same period. Macron's momentum helped to push down French bond yields on Monday to a one-month low.\nBoth polls on Monday showed Macron easily beating Le Pen, leader of the anti-euro, anti-immigrant National Front in May's runoff vote with 62 percent to her 38 percent.\nFrancois Fillon, 2017 presidential election candidate, visits a local police station in Meaux, France, Feb. 27, 2017.\nScandal hurts Fillon's bid\nFillon had been the clear frontrunner until January when a scandal broke about his having paid his wife large sums of money for work she may not have done. He suffered a further blow on Friday when a prosecutor appointed judges to investigate the allegations. Fillon denies any wrongdoing.\nBy contrast, Macron received a boost last week when veteran centrist Francois Bayrou decided to endorse him and dropped plans for his own presidential bid.\nThe two other main candidates, Socialist Benoit Hamon and hard-left Jean-Luc Melenchon, who failed to reach an alliance deal on Sunday, have both been range-bound, with 13.5 percent and 11.5 percent of first-round votes respectively, not enough to qualify for the runoff.\n",
        "caption": "Emmanuel Macron, center, candidate for the 2017 French presidential election, poses for a selfie with guests during the annual dinner of the Representative Council of France's Jewish Associations in Paris, Feb. 22, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/70DAB788-38AB-49D8-ADF3-711171966AD0.jpg",
        "id": "4998_1",
        "answer": [
            "A former banker",
            "banker"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Emmanuel Macron",
            "Macron"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_27_3742089",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_27_3742089_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the nickname of the weapon that caused the destruction in the image?",
        "context": "Death Toll From Massive US Bomb in Afghanistan Passes 90\nISLAMABAD \u2014\u00a0\nAfghan officials say the number of militants known to have been killed by a huge U.S. bomb Thursday has nearly tripled.\nOfficials say at least 92 militants died in the blast, up from 36 reported Friday. The area is still being cleared, so the death toll may increase.\nThere is no indication any civilians or military personnel were among the dead.\nPresident Ashraf Ghani said Afghan and U.S. forces closely coordinated on the bombing, however his predecessor has strongly denounced the strike and the United States.\nKarzai, others object\nFormer Afghan President Hamid Karzai said Saturday he is unleashing a campaign to force U.S. forces out of his country for dropping the so-called \u201cmother of all bombs\u201d on Afghan soil, calling it a \u201cbarbaric\u201d act that was more aimed at testing \u201ca new weapon of mass destruction\u201d than targeting Islamic State fighters.\n\u201cI have decided as an individual to force America out of Afghanistan. Whether someone joins me or not, I have decided to prevent the American cruelty (against Afghans). They are not only killing our people but destroying the environment and disrespecting our honor,\u201d Karzai told a gathering in Kabul.\nKarzai\u2019s criticism has been echoed by Hazrat Omar Zakhilwal, Afghanistan\u2019s ambassador to Pakistan, who tweeted, \u201cI find the use of the largest non-nuclear bomb, the so-called \u2018mother of all bombs,\u2019 on our soil reprehensible & counterproductive. If big bombs were the solution we would be the most secure place on earth today.\u201d\nThe Afghan presidential palace responded to the criticism Saturday on its official Twitter account: \u201cEvery Afghan has the right to speak their mind. This is a country of free speech.\u201d\nAnd Afghanistan\u2019s Minister for Security Reforms Amrullah Saleh defended Thursday\u2019s strike.\n\u201cDestroying few notorious cave networks along with dozens of terrorists to save ANDSF (Afghan National Defense and Security Forces) personnel by dropping a MOAB (mother of all bombs) was a wise tactical decision,\u201d Saleh, a former Afghan spy chief, said in a Twitter post.\nUS: right weapon for target\nU.S. forces dropped the GBU-43 Massive Ordinance Air Blast, a nine-meter giant weighing about 10 tons, on the Achin district of Nangarhar province Thursday night. The strike was described as part of a campaign to destroy the Islamic State Khorasan Province group, the local chapter of IS.\nGeneral John Nicholson, the top U.S. military commander in Afghanistan, said Friday his forces had coordinated the attack with the Afghan government, \u201cjust as we have since we started these operations in early March.\u201d\nNicholson said circumstances on the ground justified the use of the most powerful non-nuclear weapon ever used by the U.S. military.\n\u201cThis munition, this weapon, was the right weapon against this target,\u201d he said. \u201cThe enemy had created bunkers, tunnels and extensive minefields, and this weapon was used to reduce those obstacles so that we could continue our offensive into southern Nangarhar.\u201d\nU.S. President Donald Trump was asked Thursday whether the attack was intended to send a message to North Korean leader Kim Jong Un, who was reportedly poised to conduct a new nuclear weapons test as early as this weekend. But Nicholson insisted the decision was based solely on the analysis of conditions in Nangarhar.\n\u201cIt was the right time to use it tactically, against the right target on the battlefield,\u201d he said.\nNicholson said the operation against IS in Nangahar has liberated more than 400 square kilometers since its inception.\nAyaz Gul contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "An Afghan security police walks at the destroyed house after an operation in Asad Khil near the site of a U.S. bombing in the Achin district of Jalalabad, east of Kabul, Afghanistan, Saturday, April 17, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/AAFE2AB1-2944-405B-8545-5329AE9CED20.jpg",
        "id": "957_1",
        "answer": [
            "MOAB"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "bomb"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_15_3811272",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_15_3811272_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person with the dotted tie in the image say?",
        "context": "Warner: Any Trump Attempt to Quash Russia Probe Would Be 'Appalling'\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nThe top Democrat on the Senate Intelligence Committee said on Wednesday reports that President Donald Trump tried to intervene in probes of possible Russian meddling in the U.S. presidential election are jarring and any interference would be deeply troubling.\n\"If any of this is true, it would be an appalling and improper use of our intelligence professionals \u201can act that could erode the public\u2019s confidence in our intelligence institutions,\" Senator Mark Warner said at a hearing. \u201cAny attempt by the White House or even the president himself to exploit this community as a tool for political purposes is deeply, deeply troubling.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "Senate Intelligence Committee Chairman Richard Burr (L) and ranking member Senator Mark Warner (R) speak about former White House national security adviser Michael Flynn following a Senate Select Committee on Intelligence briefing on Capitol Hill in Washington, May 23, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/9C580D62-16C2-41CC-AC9C-D5F10B01111B.jpg",
        "id": "7265_1",
        "answer": [
            "If any of this is true, it would be an appalling and improper use of our intelligence professionals",
            "If any of this is true, it would be an appalling and improper use of our intelligence professionals \u201can act that could erode the public\u2019s confidence in our intelligence institutions,"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Senator Mark Warner",
            "Mark Warner"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_07_3890566",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_07_3890566_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person on the screen in the image do as a job?",
        "context": "Doubts Arise Over Chinese Dissident's Inability to Travel\nGermany on Monday urged China to allow terminally ill Nobel laureate Liu Xiaobo to travel abroad for treatment for late-stage liver cancer, echoing similar calls from the European Union and the United States.\nChina claims that the ailing dissident is too sick to leave the country but on Monday Liu's friend Hu Jia, also a political dissident, said a video emerged on YouTube over the weekend that appeared to indicate that Liu was in stable condition.\nMedical experts were seen saying that Liu's treatment plan was going smoothly.\n\"Currently, his situation is acceptable,'' an unidentified male doctor in a white coat was seen saying in the video, which did not include any images of Liu and was dated Wednesday.\nThe Hong Kong-based Information Center for Human Rights and Democracy also cited an unnamed family member as saying that Liu is regaining his physical abilities and that he is able to walk.\nReliable, independent information on Liu's condition and his desire to travel has been difficult to obtain, as Liu and his wife, Liu Xia, have long been isolated by authorities, out of the reach of most friends and the media.\nWhile the couple have not publicly stated their willingness to go abroad, their friends believe they wish to do so, based on Liu Xia's earlier indications to her friends.\nLiu Xiaobo is a poet and human rights activist who was detained in 2008 and sentenced to 11 years in prison for \"inciting subversion of state power.\" The law is often used by the Chinese authorities to silence dissidents.\nHe was arrested after writing Charter 08, a manifesto calling for democratic reforms in China, and awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2010 for his campaign for democracy and human rights.\n",
        "caption": "Video clips show China's jailed Nobel Peace laureate Liu Xiaobo lying on a bed receiving medical treatment at a hospital, left, and Liu saying wardens take good care of him, on a computer screens in Beijing, June 29, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/FFE916E4-073E-4228-B92B-4BB4FE463C02.jpg",
        "id": "13209_1",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "poet and human rights activist"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Liu Xiaobo"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_03_3926849",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_03_3926849_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person on the left of the image become?",
        "context": "White House Reporters Prefer Sunlight to Spotlight \nWHITE HOUSE \u2014\u00a0\nSteve Herman became VOA's White House bureau chief in March after spending 25 years as a foreign correspondent. His previous post required Herman to travel often throughout the world. Now he reports from a small booth on the world's biggest political stories. Here are his initial impressions of day-to-day work as a White House correspondent.\nThe \u201cmushroom method\u201d refers to keeping reporters in the dark and feeding them manure. Throughout many presidential administrations, reporters assigned to the basement by the West Wing have frequently complained of being treated like mushrooms.\nPhilomena Jurey, who covered Presidents Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford, Jimmy Carter and Ronald Reagan for VOA, titled her autobiography A Basement Seat to History.\nOthers have compared their plight to prisoners in cramped, overcrowded quarters.\nWhite House bureau chief Steve Herman (left) and senior correspondent Peter Heinlein discussing the day\u2019s assignments in the small VOA studio in the basement of the West Wing.\n\u201cMost people think the White House beat is glamorous. It isn\u2019t,\u201d recalls former VOA White House correspondent Paula Wolfson. \u201cIt can be a boring grind in a little booth that can feel stifling at times.\u201d\nWolfson adds that despite the mostly obstructed view the reporters \"are an eyewitness to history and the job is what you make of it.\" \nOnce cleared through the northwest gate, the roaming ground for White House correspondents is quite limited with infrequent exceptions.\nThe reporters can meander unescorted through the two narrow floors encompassing the press briefing room. Down one floor, the basement booths and desks are where VOA and a dozen or so other news outlets maintain their White House bureaus.\n'Pebble Beach'\nThe only outdoor space not off limits is between the so-called \u201cPalm Room\u201d doors and the winding driveway from the West Wing entrance to an area of the North Lawn where TV reporters\u2019 stand-up positions are known as \u201cPebble Beach\u201d (once covered with gravel, but now asphalt).\nPresidential departures and arrivals via Marine One are generally open to all media with White House passes and credentials. That allows escorted trips to the South Lawn, which doubles as a landing pad for the presidential helicopter.\nThe events are an opportunity for reporters to shout questions at the arriving or departing president who can feign hearing difficulties due to the noisy aircraft engines.\nMembers of a White House press pool waiting outside the West Wing on a chilly day.\nThere may also be glimpses of the president entering or exiting the Oval Office.\nNo more than a small designated pack of media ever assemble in the president\u2019s famed Oval Office at any one time. This group is known as a \u201cpool,\u201d which shares its video, audio or notes with other non-attendees who toil for outlets on the rotating list of pool duty.\nVOA finds itself on in-town pool duty, on average, twice a month. That means standing by for long hours of waiting for something (or nothing) to happen and then hearing a squawk over the loudspeakers to quickly assemble at the Palm Room doors.\n\u201cNobody is keen on pool duty,\u201d said Wolfson who covered the White House from 1988-92 and again from 2001-2009. \u201cYou have to make sure your equipment is ready to record at all times. ... And never forget to take a good book.\u201d\nThese days the book is usually replaced with distracted scrolling through one\u2019s Twitter feed.\nAlthough pool duty is mostly mundane, it is, according to Wolfson, \"a necessary evil \u2013 ask anyone who was covering the White House when Reagan was shot (in 1981 outside a Washington hotel).\"\nThe most familiar scene involving reporters and the White House is the briefing by the press secretary.\nCalling on reporters\nIn previous administrations, there was a tradition of calling first on a front-row senior wire service reporter (AP nowadays, UPI in decades past).\nThe White House Correspondents\u2019 Association controls the press room seating arrangements, but the White House, itself, determines which individuals receive credentials to enter and line the aisles.\nFILE - White House press secretary Sean Spicer takes a question from a member of the media during the daily press briefing at the White House in Washington, Feb. 21, 2017.\nVOA has had a full-time presence in the White House press for many decades and occupies a fourth-row permanent seat between National Journal and Fox News Radio in the briefing room.\nPress Secretary Sean Spicer, much to the chagrin of the major media outlets, gives less priority to the wires and TV network journalists, instead pointing his finger over them to other reporters, including those on the sidelines. This includes those from entities so obscure that a Google search for their bylines yields no results.\nSome reporters who ask questions at the daily briefings are not even in the room - they are the rotating recipients of the new \u201cSkype seats\u201d - their video images beamed in behind the press secretary, who has selected them in advance from across the country.\nThe interchange between the briefer and the questioners, in every administration, has been testy at times.\nIn the Trump White House, however, it has frequently turned into a test of wills. Spicer daily finds himself on the defensive, called on to explain the president\u2019s controversial tweets. He has no reluctance to turn the tables on the media, slamming journalists and accusing them of \u201cdeliberately false reporting.\u201d\nThe reporters and Spicer quickly became material for parodies on television comedy shows, most notably NBC\u2019s Saturday Night Live, where actress Melissa McCarthy portrays an unhinged Spicer ramming reporters with his lectern.\nLife threatens to imitate art.\nSpicer, when one recent briefing grew tense, quipped \u201cdon\u2019t make me make the podium move.\u201d\nBehind the scenes in the press room, it has been less jocular.\nInclusion of far-right media\nTempers have frayed over the White House\u2019s decision to credential commentators from far-right online websites, including those accused of supporting white nationalism and trafficking in conspiracies.\nWhite House Press Secretary Sean Spicer calls on a member of the media during the daily press briefing at the White House in Washington, March 13, 2017.\nOne such figure has commented publicly that he was in the press room primarily to dig up dirt on the established White House correspondents.\nThe grizzled standard-bearers of the mainstream media in the front row roll their eyes and mutter curses when Spicer points to the back of the room and calls on one of the so-called floaters \u2013 usually young Trump cheerleaders who will throw questions at Spicer with all the hardness of a beach ball.\nFor the president\u2019s supporters, the media\u2019s criticism falls on deaf ears. Many of them are already critical of the mainstream media, so journalists\u2019 complaints are taken as evidence the administration is following through on Trump\u2019s attacks on the so-called \u201cdishonest\u201d media.\nThis all puts the White House press room reporters in the spotlight, despite their best efforts to keep it beamed on the president and his players.\nStruggling to avoid being cultivated with the mushroom method, the subterranean journalists advocate to a sometimes-skeptical outside world the words of former U.S. Supreme Court Justice Louis Brandeis: \u201cSunlight is said to be the best of disinfectants.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "White House bureau chief Steve Herman (left) and senior correspondent Peter Heinlein discussing the day\u2019s assignments in the small VOA studio in the basement of the West Wing.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/2515089E-3071-44EC-B645-5651ECFEE72F.jpg",
        "id": "30031_2",
        "answer": [
            "VOA's White House bureau chief"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Steve Herman"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_14_3765865",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_14_3765865_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What happened to the place where the person in the image is walking?",
        "context": "Deadly Floods Spawned by Typhoon-hit Japan\nRescuers were being scrambled Thursday to reach areas of southern Japan hit by flash flooding in the aftermath of Typhoon Nanmadol, which swept through the area this week.\nAt least one person was killed and several were reported missing after torrential rains swelled rivers and triggered landslides in Fukuoka and Oita prefectures.\nA man walks through a flooded street in Asakura, Fukuoka prefecture, Japan, in this photo taken by Kyodo, July 5, 2017.\nIn Fukuoka prefecture, about 375,000 people at risk of flooding were ordered to leave their homes. Overflowing rivers damaged the town of Asakura, where muddy rapids covered what had been dry ground. In neighboring Oita prefecture, more than 21,000 people were told to evacuate, NHK reported.\nJapan's Meteorological Agency said unprecedented amounts of rain would continue to fall in the two prefectures through Thursday.\n",
        "caption": "A man walks through a flooded street in Asakura, Fukuoka prefecture, Japan, in this photo taken by Kyodo, July 5, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/1B2900E2-763E-4E3D-B048-4ED0DC609969.jpg",
        "id": "5975_2",
        "answer": [
            "Torrential rains swelled rivers and trigger landslides in Fukuoka and Oita prefectures ",
            "rivers damaged the town"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Asakura",
            "Asakura, Fukuoka prefecture, Japan \n"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_05_3929923",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_05_3929923_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the person with the red tie in the image do?",
        "context": "Putin in Hungary, on 1st Trip to EU Since US Election\nMOSCOW \u2014\u00a0\nOn his first trip to the European Union since the U.S. presidential election, Russian President Vladimir Putin on Thursday headed to Hungary, the nation whose leader has cozied up to Moscow despite Russia-West tensions.\nHungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban, a populist dubbed \u201clittle Putin\u201d by his opponents, has been critical of the U.S. and of EU sanctions imposed on Russia for its action in Ukraine.\nSpeaking ahead of Putin's visit, Hungarian Foreign Minister Peter Szijjarto said the EU sanctions against Russia have failed to achieve their objectives and cost Hungary some $6.7 billion in export opportunities. He also pointed at what he described as the previous U.S. administration's pressure on Hungary to prevent it from warming up to Moscow.\n\u201cThe whole world is noticeably holding its breath while waiting to see if there will be rapprochement ... in American-Russian relations and if so, to what depth and dimension,\u201d Szijjarto said.\nU.S. President Donald Trump has promised to mend ties with Russia, which have sunk to post-Cold War lows over the Ukrainian crisis, the war in Syria and the allegations of Russia's meddling in the U.S. elections. For the first time since his inauguration, Trump on Saturday had a phone call with Putin, which both the White House and the Kremlin described in strongly positive terms.\n\u201cIf American pressure has been taken off European countries in terms of the sanctions, and there seems to be a good chance for this, I believe all of those who emphasized pragmatic relations and talked about the need to reevaluate the sanctions will be more courageous and that will be a new basis for debate,\u201d Szijjarto said Wednesday.\nHungary has also voiced hope for better ties with Washington under Trump. Orban has criticized the past administration for what he described as attempts to influence Hungary's domestic policies, such as a ban on entering the U.S. for six Hungarians, including the then-head of the Hungarian tax office, because of corruption allegations.\nOrban, who has faced EU criticism for building a barbed-wire fence along its borders with Serbia and Croatia to stop migrants, has a sympathetic interlocutor in Putin, who has warned that flows of migrants could destabilize Europe.\nPutin's foreign affairs adviser, Yuri Ushakov hailed what he described as \u201cgood personal ties\u201d between the Russian and Hungarian leaders.\nPutin last visited Hungary in February 2015, and Orban traveled to Moscow a year ago. Discussions focused on long-term supplies of Russian natural gas to Hungary and a deal to expand Hungary's Soviet-built nuclear power plant with a 10 billion-euro loan provided by Russia.\nUshakov said during this visit the parties will discuss the possibility of extending prospective Russian pipelines to Hungary, as well as the Paks nuclear plant deal.\nThe plant, launched in the 1980s, now accounts for about 40 percent of Hungary's energy consumption, and building two new reactors there will double its output, Ushakov said. The project is still awaiting permission from the European Commission, which Ushakov said has stymied it with \u201cquibbles.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "Russian President Vladimir Putin, left, shakes hands with Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban during their meeting in Budapest, Hungary, Feb. 2, 2017. Putin's visit to Hungary is his first trip to the European Union since the U.S. presidential election.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/01092B81-26EF-41A5-94FA-05FDD42CCA24.jpg",
        "id": "18420_1",
        "answer": [
            "been critical of the U.S. and of EU sanctions imposed on Russia for its action in Ukraine",
            "has been critical of the U.S. and of EU sanctions imposed on Russia",
            "criticized the past administration for what he described as attempts to influence Hungary's domestic policies, such as a ban on entering the U.S. for six Hungarians, including the then-head of the Hungarian tax office, because of corruption allegations"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban",
            "Viktor Orban"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_02_3702991",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_02_3702991_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Why do the people in the image approve of the proposals?",
        "context": "Tight Vote Expected in Turkey\u2019s Controversial Referendum\nISTANBUL, TURKEY \u2014\u00a0\nTurks are voting in a referendum on turning Turkey into an executive presidency from the current parliamentary system. \nIf approved, the 18-article constitutional reform package will greatly enhance presidential powers, creating one of the most powerful elected presidencies in the world. Supporters argue it is essential to meet what they call unprecedented threats facing the country. Detractors warn the measures will turn Turkey into an autocracy.\nPresident Recep Tayyip Erdogan, who has been at the forefront of the \u201cyes\u201d campaign, argues the reforms will ensure political stability and efficiency following July\u2019s failed coup and continuing threats by both the Islamic State and the Kurdish insurgent group the PKK. \nThe wide-ranging reforms propose giving the president the powers to appoint ministers, set the budget, issue laws by decrees on a wide range of issues, dissolve parliament and declare a state of emergency. The prime minister and Cabinet will also be abolished.\nSupporters of Turkish President Tayyip Erdogan wave national flags during a rally for the upcoming referendum in Konya, Turkey, April 14, 2017.\nAlthough Erdogan\u2019s voting coalition of his ruling AK Party and nationalist MHP has accounted for well more than 60 percent of the vote in past elections, most opinion polls indicate only a small lead for \u201cyes,\u201d which is within the polls\u2019 margin of error.\nThe no campaign\n\u201cAKP has massive monetary and propaganda advantage,\u201d notes political consultant Atilla Yesilada. \u201cBut my gut feelings is AKP does not have the same confidence it has had in past polls that it will win.\u201d \nA broad coalition has emerged, drawing normally antagonistic groups under the same banner. Both Kurdish and Turkish nationalists, secular and pious voters are supporting the \u201cno\u201d campaign, united by worries they believe the reforms would usher in an autocratic regime.\nOn the last day of campaigning Saturday, Erdogan made four speeches in Istanbul. All of the speaking venues were in traditional strongholds of his AKP, leading observers to suggest the president is trying to shore up his own support.\nStrong backing, condemnation\nWhile opinion polls indicate AKP supporters strongly back the constitutional changes, a number of prominent political figures, including former president Abdullah Gul, have not campaigned in support of the reforms.\nThe proposals also have drawn strong international condemnation.\n\u201cA dangerous step backwards in the constitutional democratic tradition of Turkey,\u201d wrote the Venice Commission of the Council of Europe, adding, \u201cThe Venice Commission wishes to stress the dangers of degeneration of the proposed system toward an authoritarian and personal regime.\u201d\nErdogan has dismissed such criticism, claiming it\u2019s part of the international conspiracy against Turkey. In the last few campaign rallies, the Turkish president claimed the conspiracy is led by the pope.\n\u201cTurkey is increasingly like the La La land. The entire country lives in fiction,\u201d warns consultant Yesilada, \u201cbut unfortunately this is what a lot of people believe. That we are under siege by the Christian crusaders and Erdogan is the only man who is standing between captivity or colonialism.\u201d\nMuch of the campaign was dominated by diplomatic spats with Germany and the Netherlands over restrictions on Turkish ministers being allowed to campaign among the large diaspora voters. A controversy that is widely believed to have helped the \u201cyes\u201d campaign.\nMeral Aksener, a former interior minister, makes a speech during a \"Hayir\" (\"No\") campaign meeting for the upcoming referendum in Ankara, Turkey, April 8, 2017.\nFairness a concern\nConcern about the fairness of the campaign is increasingly being voiced. The OSCE, which is monitoring the referendum Sunday in an interim report ahead of the vote, claimed that \u201cno\u201d campaigners faced bans, police interventions and violent attacks at their events. \nThe OSCE received a swift rebuke from Erdogan, who bellowed, \u201cKnow your place,\u201d at a rally in the provincial city of Konya, he declared the report \u201cnull and void.\u201d\nNinety percent of TV coverage has been devoted to the \u201cyes\u2019 campaign. That followed Erdogan issuing a legal decree under emergency powers that have been in force since July\u2019s coup attempt, abolishing the legal requirement for fair coverage by media companies.\nThere is growing scrutiny over the vote itself. According to the OSCE, at least 140 representatives nominated by opposition parties to monitor voting have been rejected by Turkish authorities. While several civic organizations that usually monitor polls are among the more than 1,500 shut down under emergency powers.\nWhile the referendum is considered to close to call, scrutiny over the vote is expected to be intense both nationally and internationally. \n\u201cI\u2019d just say we\u2019re obviously following this issue very closely,\u201d said U.S. State Department spokesman Mark Toner. \u201cWe hope the referendum is carried out in such a way that guarantees and strengthens democracy in Turkey.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "Supporters of Turkish President Tayyip Erdogan wave national flags during a rally for the upcoming referendum in Konya, Turkey, April 14, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/915B2490-8058-49A2-B923-1AF28F952D34.jpg",
        "id": "25073_2",
        "answer": [
            "essential to meet what they call unprecedented threats facing the country"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Supporters"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_15_3811386",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_15_3811386_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Why does the red head from the image believe they are no longer employed?",
        "context": "Kathy Griffin Responds in Trump Decapitation Photo Controversy\nAmerican Comedian Kathy Griffin responded to mounting criticism against her after she published a photo of herself holding what resembled the severed head of U.S. President Donald Trump, accusing \u201ca bunch of old white guys\u201d of trying to silence her.\nDuring a news conference Friday, a teary-eyed Griffin accused the president and his allies, whom she referred to as \u201cnut jobs,\u201d of launching a campaign to get her fired from her jobs, simply because she is a woman.\n\u201cThis wouldn\u2019t be happening to a guy. This is a female thing,\u201d Griffin said, when asked if she thought a male comic would be treated the same way.\nThe entertainer lost a television appearance on CNN and had five performance dates on her tour cancelled following the release of the photo showing her holding a reproduction of a bloody head that looked like Trump.\nWhen asked about her loss of work Friday, Griffin called it \u201churtful\u201d that so many entities had chosen to distance themselves from her. Her attorney, Lisa Bloom, said Griffin had been a victim of \u201ccensorship.\u201d\nTrump, on Wednesday, reacted to Griffin\u2019s photo on Twitter, calling it disturbing \u2013 particularly to his children.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;Kathy Griffin should be ashamed of herself. My children, especially my 11 year old son, Barron, are having a hard time with this. Sick!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/869874798087819264\\\"\\u0026gt;May 31, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nFirst Lady Melania Trump, in a rare move, also issued a statement Wednesday, questioning \u201cthe mental health\u201d of a person who would take such a photo.\n\u201cAs a mother, a wife, and a human being, that photo is very disturbing,\u201d she said.\nGriffin initially apologized for the photo after it received widespread criticism across the political spectrum, saying she had \u201cmoved the line\u201d and then \u201ccrossed it.\u201d\nShe changed her tone Friday, though, calling Trump a \u201cfool\u201d and accusing him of attacking her in an effort to distract from other issues currently facing his administration.\n\u201cThey have mobilized their armies or their bots, or whatever they do,\u201d she said. \u201cI don\u2019t think I will have a career after this. I\u2019m going to be honest, he broke me. He broke me.\u201d\nGriffin said she \"put about five minutes of thought into this\" before posing for the photo and her intention was to cause a controversy.\n\u201cI said: \u2018let\u2019s get in trouble. Let\u2019s give them something to talk about,\u2019\u201d she said.\nFurther, she called releasing the photo: \u201cThe right thing to do.\u201d\nDmitry Gorin, a criminal defense attorney hired by Griffin, confirmed Friday that Griffin is the subject of a U.S. Secret Service investigation for her role in the photo, but said \u201cthere really wasn\u2019t a threat\u201d and called the photo \u201ca bad joke.\u201d\n\u201cWe\u2019re going to fully cooperate with the Secret Service in their investigation,\u201d he said.\n",
        "caption": "Comedian Kathy Griffin, right, speaks along with her attorney Lisa Bloom during a news conference, June 2, 2017, in Los Angeles, to discuss the backlash since Griffin released a photo and video of her displaying a likeness of President Donald Trump's severed head.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/A014BFF9-F73C-4C71-A11B-658766DBD169.jpg",
        "id": "4722_1",
        "answer": [
            "simply because she is a woman."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Griffin"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_02_3884429",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_02_3884429_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person on the left of the image do?",
        "context": "Germany OKs Plan to Pull Troops From Turkey's Incirlik Air Base \nGermany will withdraw 280 troops, as well as surveillance planes and refueling jets, from the Incirlik air base in Turkey following a decision by the German parliament on Wednesday. The troops will be relocated to a base in Jordan.\nThe move comes after Turkey refused German lawmakers access to the base, saying the diplomatic relationship between the countries needed to improve first. Germany has maintained a presence at Incirlik since 2014, when Turkey joined the coalition fighting ISIS.\n\u201cThe German Bundestag (parliament) regrets very much that conditions for the continued stationing of the Bundeswehr in Incirlik are not met,\u201d the Bundestag said in a statement following their decision.\nFrom left, German Chancellor Angela Merkel and Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan.\nDiplomatic discord\nIt is the latest example of diplomatic discord between the two NATO members.\nIn March, German Chancellor Angela Merkel banned Turkish politicians from campaigning on German soil, where 1.4 million Turkish voters live.\nTurkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan compared Merkel's decision to \u201cNazi practices.\u201d\nFILE - In this July 21, 2016, photo German-Turkish journalist Deniz Yucel ia pictured during a talkshow in Berlin, Germany.\nElection fallout\nOfficials from Erdogan's party intended to hold the rallies in support of a referendum to give sweeping powers to the Turkish president. Despite being barred from campaigning in German, the referendum succeeded anyway, worrying many that Turkey may be edging toward authoritarian rule.\nIn February, Turkey jailed German-Turkish journalist Deniz Yucel on charges of propaganda in support of a terrorist organization. While asking for his release, Germany has offered asylum to Turkish journalists, intellectuals and opposition political leaders wanted by the Erdogan government.\n",
        "caption": "From left, German Chancellor Angela Merkel and Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/09823D6C-FCAA-4360-A78D-107979397CB5.jpg",
        "id": "1588_2",
        "answer": [
            "banned Turkish politicians from campaigning on German soil"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "German Chancellor Angela Merkel",
            "Angela Merkel"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_21_3910519",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_21_3910519_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who did the person in the image have contact with?",
        "context": "US House Intelligence Panel Leaders: No Evidence Obama Wiretapped Trump Tower\nU.S. President Donald Trump's claim that his predecessor, former President Barack Obama, wiretapped him in the weeks before last November's election is unfounded, the top leaders of the U.S. House of Representatives Intelligence Committee said Wednesday.\n\"We don't have any evidence that took place,\" Republican Congressman Devin Nunes, the panel's chairman, said. \"I don't think there was a tapping of Trump Tower,\" the president's skyscraper headquarters in New York.\nCongressman Adam Schiff, the committee's top Democrat, agreed. \"To date, I see no evidence (of Obama-ordered wiretapping), no basis for that whatsoever,\" he said.\nWATCH: Nunez says no evidence of wiretapping \nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nNunes: 'No Evidence' of Trump Tower Wiretapping\nShare this video\n0:01:10\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:10\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 3.5MB\n360p | 4.0MB\n480p | 19.5MB\nWATCH: Schiff deeply concerned about Trump allegations \nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nSchiff: 'Deeply Concerned' About Trump's Wiretapping Accusation\nShare this video\n0:00:40\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:40\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 2.0MB\n360p | 2.5MB\n480p | 12.2MB\nAwaiting info from Justice Dept.\nNunes and Schiff said they are waiting for information from the country's Department of Justice by next Monday about whether the agency knows of any court-ordered wiretaps of Trump, but said they had learned of no such bugging so far in their investigation.\nThe congressional probe was requested by the White House after Trump made the explosive wiretapping allegation in a March 4 Twitter comment.\nThe House Intelligence Committee is also looking at links between Trump campaign aides and Russian officials during the billionaire real estate mogul's long run for the White House and in the weeks after he won the election before assuming power January 20.\nNunes said that James Comey, director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the country's top law enforcement agency, would testify next Monday before the intelligence committee about the wiretapping allegation and the agency's investigation of Russian meddling in the election aimed at helping Trump win.\nRussia's ambassador to the U.S. Sergey Kislyak, speaks with reporters in Washington.\nHe said the panel expects to learn by Friday from U.S. investigators of any names of Trump aides who talked with Russian officials beyond the one known such contact, conversations between Trump's ousted national security adviser, retired Army general Michael Flynn, and the Russian ambassador to Washington.\nTrump dismissed Flynn after he lied to Vice President Mike Pence about his contacts with the ambassador, Sergey Kislyak.\nOriginal allegation\nTrump first made the allegation March 4, saying, \"Terrible! Just found out that Obama had my 'wires tapped' in Trump Tower just before the victory.\"\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;Terrible! Just found out that Obama had my \\\"wires tapped\\\" in Trump Tower just before the victory. Nothing found. This is McCarthyism!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/837989835818287106\\\"\\u0026gt;March 4, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nBut the president since then has provided no evidence for his claim and dodged reporters' repeated questions about the allegation.\nWhite House spokesman Sean Spicer has sought this week to walk back Trump's contention, saying that the wire tapping allegation was meant to refer to a broader allegation of surveillance of the Trump campaign at its skyscraper headquarters in New York and not wiretapping specifically, even though that is what the president alleged.\nYet Spicer said Tuesday that Trump is \"very confident\" that in the end he will be vindicated about the claim.\nSchiff assailed the \"irresponsibility of the president and his spokesman\" in making the wiretapping claim.\nWATCH: Schiff on Trump's unfounded accusation of Obama\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nSchiff: Wiretapping Allegations 'Irresponsible' of President Trump\nShare this video\n0:01:25\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:25\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 4.2MB\n360p | 5.0MB\n480p | 26.3MB\nMeanwhile, a key U.S. senator, Lindsey Graham of South Carolina, says he is determined to find out whether the wiretapping claim is true.\nGraham, who lost last year's Republican presidential nomination to Trump, told CNN on Wednesday, \"I'm going to get to the bottom of this. Congress is going to flex its muscle.\"\nHe vowed, if need be, to subpoena the country's top law enforcement agency, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, to determine whether any U.S. judge issued a secret wiretapping edict that the FBI carried out.\nGraham, voicing his doubts about Trump's wiretapping claim, has sought answers from FBI Director James Comey about the president's allegation. But the South Carolina lawmaker said that so far Comey has not disclosed any information about the purported wiretap or whether the FBI is conducting a criminal investigation of links between Trump campaign aides and Russian officials in the months before the election and after Trump won.\nSubcommittee chairman Senator Lindsay Graham (R-SC) speaks during a hearing of the Senate Appropriations State, Foreign Operations and Related Programs Subcommittee on Capitol Hill in Washington, March 7, 2017.\nGraham is conducting a hearing later Wednesday on Russian interference in the election, but said that Comey would not be among the witnesses. Comey, however, is set to brief a group of senators.\nRussian interference\nThe U.S. intelligence community concluded last year that Moscow interfered in the election, with Russian President Vladimir Putin ordering the hacking of the computer of John Podesta, the campaign chief for Democrat Hillary Clinton, the former U.S. secretary of state Trump defeated in the election.\nSubsequently, the anti-secrecy group WikiLeaks released thousands of Podesta's emails in the weeks before the election showing embarrassing behind-the-scenes efforts by Democratic operatives to help Clinton win the party's presidential nomination.\n\"I don't have political hate with the president,\" the senator said, adding he has had recent pleasant conversations with Trump on other issues.\nBut Graham said the Trump wiretap allegation is \"something very, very serious\" and needs to be determined one way or another.\n",
        "caption": "Russia's ambassador to the U.S. Sergey Kislyak, speaks with reporters in Washington.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/2413B921-5CA9-42A4-AA9A-4362C6D2D467.jpg",
        "id": "1075_2",
        "answer": [
            "retired Army general Michael Flynn",
            "Flynn",
            "Trump"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Sergey Kislyak"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_15_3766884",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_15_3766884_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the document in the image targeted at?",
        "context": "Official: White House Delays Revamped Immigration Order to Next Week\nThe White House has pushed back the release of a new executive order to replace its directive suspending travel to the United States by citizens of seven mostly Muslim countries, a White House official said Wednesday.\nThe order is now expected to be issued \"sometime next week,\" the official said. President Donald Trump said last week he expected to release the new order this week.\nTrump said the new directive will address legal concerns raised in Washington state, San Francisco and elsewhere about the original order, which was issued on Jan. 27.\nThe order, which was quickly implemented, caused chaos at airports around the world as visa holders heading to the United States were pulled off planes or turned around upon arrival at U.S. airports.\nAmericans were deeply divided over the order, which was condemned by prominent U.S. companies and allies before being temporarily blocked by federal courts.\nTrump criticized the court's action in a series of tweets, including one that read: \"The opinion of this so-called judge, which essentially takes law-enforcement away from our country, is ridiculous and will be overturned!\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - U.S. President Donald Trump signs an executive order to impose tighter vetting of travelers entering the United States, at the Pentagon in Washington, Jan. 27, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/A07CC7B4-01B9-4AEF-8353-E56FC97D276D.jpg",
        "id": "32146_1",
        "answer": [
            "citizens of seven mostly Muslim countries"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "executive order"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_22_3735779",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_22_3735779_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in the coffin in the image do?",
        "context": "Haiti Says Farewell to Former President Preval\nPORT-AU-PRINCE, HAITI \u2014\u00a0\nThousands of Haitians gathered on Saturday to say an emotional final farewell to former President Rene Preval, 74, the country's first democratically elected leader to peacefully transfer power to his successors.\nIn two hours of religious and civil ceremonies, bishops and family members remembered the soft-spoken former agronomist as a man of simplicity who held the country's farmers in high regard.\n\"Many people have said that my father did not like to speak too much. In effect, that is true,\" said Patricia Preval, his diminutive daughter.\nRene Preval, who died last Friday, had an understated style, a marked contrast to the fiery oration of his one-time friend, former President Jean-Bertrand Aristide, or the showmanship of his final successor, Michel Martelly.\nPreval will be best remembered internationally for leading Haiti in the immediate aftermath of a 7.0-magnitude earthquake that killed at least 200,000 people.\nPolice officers arrive with the coffin containing the remains of former President Rene Preval, at Champ de Mars plaza, in Port-au-Prince, Haiti, March 11, 2017.\nHis daughter also said that, despite serving as a prime minister and later a popular two-time president, politics did not even interest him.\n\"Politics was a means to development, (that) was what he loved,\" she said during a speech in which her voice occasionally cracked with emotion.\nYet local politics were not completely absent from the funeral, in which Preval's casket stood in the center of a stage draped in Haiti's blue and red flag.\nCurrent President Jovenel Moise's speech at the end of the service was met with jeers, as some said it resembled more a campaign speech than a eulogy.\nPreval's body will be buried on Saturday afternoon in his hometown, Marmelade, in the north of the country.\n\"He wasn't a bad president... he wasn't a liar,\" Anna Lamartiniere, 64, said in the stands before the service. \"He did good work for the country, he built roads.\"\n",
        "caption": "Bishop Joseph Lafontant incenses the coffin containing the remains of former President Rene Preval during his funeral service in Port-au-Prince, Haiti, March 11, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/58C28286-4D4E-4646-846E-52C793B3E0BA.jpg",
        "id": "1793_1",
        "answer": [
            "peacefully transfer power to his successors.",
            "peacefully transfer power to his successors",
            "he built roads"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Rene Preval",
            "former President Rene Preval"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_11_3761586",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_11_3761586_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the nation of the person from the image experiencing?",
        "context": "Egypt's Cost-of-Living Soars as Currency Dives\nCAIRO \u2014\u00a0\nAnnual consumer price inflation in Egypt's cities soared to a second straight eight-year high in December, hitting 23.3 percent on the back of the government's decision to float the pound, effectively halving its value.\nCore inflation also jumped to 25.86 percent in the urban areas, the central bank said on Tuesday.\nUrban consumer inflation hit an eight-year high of 19.4 percent in November, the month when Egypt abandoned its currency peg of 8.8 to the U.S. dollar in a dramatic move that has since seen the currency depreciate roughly by half.\nIt accompanied the Nov. 3 move with a 300 basis point interest rate hike to fight inflationary pressures.\nDespite the hike, however, inflation has risen sharply and is expected to climb further this year as the government pushes on with economic reforms, including fuel subsidy cuts and the implementation of a value-added tax.\nThose moves were required to secure a $12 billion International Monetary Fund loan.\nIn cities and towns, food and beverage inflation touched 28.3 percent in December. Healthcare inflation stood at 32.9 percent while transportation was 23.2 percent.\n\"Egypt now is in the eye of the policy restructuring cycle, and the price is higher inflation and an overall fiscal deficit pending a structural change in government spending and general re-pricing of goods and services,\" Arqaam Capital said in a research note.\nAn Egyptian seller shows consumer goods as rice, at a vegetable market in Cairo, Egypt January 10, 2017.\n\"A reversal of over 50 years of comprehensive government support will take time,\" it said, predicting inflation to remain high in the first half of the year, averaging 20 percent in 2016/17 before declining to 18 percent in 2017/18.\nPresident Abdel Fattah el-Sissi is under increasing pressure to revive the economy, keep prices under control and create jobs to avoid a backlash from the public.\nSissi predicted last month that the Egyptian pound would strengthen in the coming months and promised to ensure basics were available and affordable.\nThe government has expanded its social security network and some 70 million Egyptians have access to state subsidized bread.\nBut Egypt's non-oil business activity shrank for the 15th consecutive month in December as inflation caused purchase costs to rise at a near-record pace.\nEconomists expect the rising inflation to erode spending power, hit economic growth and prompt further hikes to interest rates, which are already up to 15.75 percent.\nEgypt's central bank has held interest rates steady at two monetary policy meetings since the flotation and some economists expect further rate hikes this year.\nThe monetary policy committee is due to meet again on Feb. 16.\n",
        "caption": "An Egyptian man buys consumer goods as yellow lentils, at a vegetable market in Cairo, Egypt January 10, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F7B06294-5A86-4F24-AD7C-BF3D7815120A.jpg",
        "id": "26101_1",
        "answer": [
            "higher inflation "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Egypt"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_10_3670876",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_10_3670876_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where could the people in the image enter?",
        "context": "Pakistan Temporarily Reopens Border with Afghanistan\nTORKHAM, PAKISTAN \u2014\u00a0\nThousands of Afghans gathered at the Pakistani border to return home on Tuesday as Pakistan temporarily reopened two main crossings that had been closed last month after a wave of militant attacks.\nThe Torkham and Chaman crossings were to remain open through Wednesday for nationals from both countries with valid visas who want to return home, a measure intended to calm tensions and ease a backlog.\n\"I have a valid visa and I promise that I will never come back here. Please allow me go back to my country,\" Matiullah Khan, 52, told The Associated Press as he and his family waited at a checkpoint.\nFayyaz Khan, a Pakistani official at Torkham, said large numbers of Afghans were returning home, along with smaller groups of Pakistanis, but that overland trade between the two countries has yet to resume.\nPakistan shut the crossings three weeks ago after a wave of suicide bombings that authorities said was linked to Islamic militants based in Afghanistan. The two countries have long accused each other of ignoring al-Qaida and other militants who operate along the porous, mountainous border.\nKhairullah Azad, the deputy spokesman for the Afghan Foreign Ministry, urged Pakistan to restore normal movement at the crossings, saying the two-day reopening was insufficient for people living on both sides of the frontier.\nThe opening of the crossings came a day after Pakistan said a group of militants crossed over from Afghanistan and attacked several military posts, setting off clashes that killed six soldiers and 10 militants. It said it had complained about the attack to Kabul and called on Afghanistan to take action.\nMeanwhile, at least two Pakistani soldiers and five militants were killed Tuesday in the northwestern town of Swabi during a raid on a militant hideout, the military said. It provided no further details, saying the fighting was still underway. The Pakistani Taliban claimed it attacked soldiers in Swabi.\nPrime Minister Nawaz Sharif expressed his condolences over the ``martyrdom'' of soldiers and praised the armed forces for battling those who threaten the state.\n",
        "caption": "Pakistani soldiers check the identity of citizens returning from Afghanistan at the border town of Chaman, Pakistan, March 7, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/AE68ED9A-1022-42AE-A037-106A9EB4017A.jpg",
        "id": "5912_1",
        "answer": [
            "Chaman, Pakistan ",
            "Torkham and Chaman crossings"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Citizens",
            "return"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_07_3752769",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_07_3752769_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What are the young people in the image being given?",
        "context": "Researchers Ask What Makes Young Syrian Refugees Resilient\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nResearchers have developed a questionnaire for aid groups working with teenage Syrian refugees that measures resilience \u2013 the ability to overcome challenges. Aid groups, including Mercy Corps, are using it to identify obstacles to resilience, and factors that increase self-confidence.\n\u201cAccess to peers, access to mentors, family, education? What is helping young people overcome adversity?\u201d said Matt Streng, Mercy Corps\u2019 Director of Youth, Gender and Girls. \nWith that information, his group is adapting its programs that build teamwork, vocational and life skills.\nWorking with young people in Afghanistan in 2005, Yale anthropologist Catherine Panter-Brick learned that for refugees, it is their future, much more than their past, that is most important to them. To her the tool represents \u201ca model that is focused on people\u2019s strengths rather than their fragility; on their capabilities rather than on their vulnerabilities; on their resources rather than risk.\u201d\nA concise, easy-to-use tool\nTo develop the questionnaire, Panter-Brick and colleagues partnered with Mercy Corps and Hashemite University in Jordan. There are more than 650,000 Syrian refugees in Jordan \u2013 half of them under 18. \nU.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Nikki Haley, second left, meets with Syrian refugee students, in Amman, Jordan, May 21, 2017.\nThe survey they came up with is short and simple - just 12 questions, which researchers carefully translated into Arabic, taking pains to make sure they used appropriate wording. For example, People think I am fun to be with was changed to People like to spend time with me because \u201crefugee youth claimed that a sense of \u2018fun\u2019 was inapplicable to their current existence.\u201d My parent(s)/caregiver(s) watch me closely had a negative connotation for girls as it implied surveillance rather than supportiveness, so it was changed to really watch out for me.\nResearchers also had to modify how responses were scored. For example, if a boy reported little participation in religious activities, it was an indicator of poor connection with the community. But there are few organized religious activity for girls, so a report of low religious participation from a girl would not be concerning.\nInstead of just using 5 for a lot and 1 for not at all, glasses of water at varying level indicate degrees of wellness. This, researchers believe, is easier for children to readily understand.\nResilient results\nThe researchers found resilience was related to better mental health. For both Jordanians and Syrians, boys and girls, family support was far more critical for resilience than friendships with peers. Syrians named a hope for their future and education and their past success in overcoming trauma as sources of resilience.\nWhile researchers from America, Canada, the U.K. and Jordan wrote this report, published in the journal Child Development, Panter-Brick explains that the original credit goes to the Syrian youth themselves.\n \u201cWe hadn\u2019t planned to do this. The people themselves tell you, \u2018you\u2019re focusing on trauma,\" she said. \"This is not the whole of us and our life and our story. Why can\u2019t you ask us about things that make us more positive about ourselves?\u2019 And that is resilience.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Nikki Haley, second left, meets with Syrian refugee students, in Amman, Jordan, May 21, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/894D2B7D-927C-4557-98D1-BDED6D784BCA.jpg",
        "id": "25047_2",
        "answer": [
            "a questionnaire for aid groups"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "refugees"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_20_3908692",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_20_3908692_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where did the people in the image strike?",
        "context": "Afghan Airstrike Kills 22 Taliban Insurgents\nISLAMABAD, PAKISTAN \u2014\u00a0\nOfficials in southern Afghanistan said an overnight airstrike killed at least 22 Taliban insurgents, including 18 would-be suicide bombers.\nRegional corps commander Lieutenant General Daud Shah Wafadar told VOA on Tuesday that the strike had targeted a major training center in Shamulzayi district of troubled Zabul province.\nHe said three Pakistani trainers and the head of the Taliban's so-called provincial military commission were also among those killed. The general added that bombers trained at the center had been responsible for numerous deadly attacks in southern Afghan provinces.\nTaliban officials have not yet responded to claims about whether the facility struck was one that they used.\nThe Afghan Air Force used A-29 Super Tucano attack aircraft in the operation, according to officials.\nThe United States has so far delivered 12 A-29s to Afghanistan, including four sent last month to try to boost close-air attack capabilities of Afghan forces for the 2017 fighting season.\nBorder crossing\nThe Afghan district where Monday night's airstrike occurred borders Pakistan's southwestern Baluchistan province. Afghan officials maintain Shamulzayi serves as a key route for insurgents entering from the neighboring country. Atta Jan Haqbayan, head of Zabul's provincial council, told VOA that the militants control a large portion of the district and have created a border checkpoint.\nThe insurgents pass through Shamalzai as they bring their wounded fighters into Pakistan for treatment, according to Afghan government and media reports.\nFILE - Afghan men carry the coffins of seven bodies from an ethnic Shi'ite minority, killed by the Islamic State group, in Ghazni province, Afghanistan, Nov. 10, 2015. The victims' bodies had been found in the Arghandab district of Zabul province, which borders Pakistan.\nIn addition to an active Taliban presence across Zabul province, the Islamic State group is also reportedly present there. The provincial governor last year said IS was getting stronger and, in some areas, had taken over rival Taliban positions.\nCentral Asian militants, including members of the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU), have been in the province since 2007 and fought alongside the Taliban against the Afghan government. But the militants pledged allegiance to IS after the Taliban announced its disassociation with international terrorist groups, including al-Qaida, and abandoned plans to support the spread of terrorist activities into central Asia.\n'Hotline' conversation\nHours after he shared details of the successful airstrike with media, Wafadar spoke by phone to his Pakistani counterpart, Lieutenant General Amir Riaz.\nWhile Afghan officials have not released any details, the Pakistan military said that it was the first \"hotline communication\" between the two commanders.\n\"Both sides discussed issues related to Pak-Afghan border, expressed satisfaction over establishment of hotline communication and vowed to continue such interactions in future,\" according to the media wing of the Pakistan army.\nThe southern provinces of Kandahar and Helmand, which are mostly controlled by the Taliban, also border Baluchistan. Afghan officials alleged the Pakistani province hosts Taliban leaders and sanctuaries. The allegations and counterallegations have strained relations between Afghanistan and Pakistan, though both sides deny allowing terrorists to use their territory for cross-border attacks.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Taliban suicide bombers stand guard during a gathering of a breakaway Taliban faction, in the border area of Zabul province, Afghanistan. Eighteen bombers in training were killed in a recent airstrike in the province, Afghan officials say. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/63C0F91A-3992-4CC6-AF2B-4BE54179D666.jpg",
        "id": "17740_1",
        "answer": [
            "southern Afghan provinces",
            "Shamulzayi district of troubled Zabul province",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "bombers",
            "Taliban suicide bombers"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_04_3796075",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_04_3796075_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the people in the image do?",
        "context": "US, Iraqi Leaders 'Confident' of Islamic State Defeat\nU.S. President Donald Trump and Iraqi Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi praised the joint battle their countries are waging against Islamic State, as they held their first in-person talks Monday at the White House.\n\"Although ISIS/Da'esh remains a dangerous enemy, we are confident it will be defeated,\" said a joint readout of the meeting, using alternative names for the militant group. \"As Iraqi forces consolidate gains against ISIS/Da'esh, the two leaders agreed that the United States and Iraq will pursue a long-term partnership to decisively root out terrorism from Iraq and strengthen the Iraqi military and other key institutions.\"\nSoldiers explain security procedures intended to catch any militants trying to flee with families as they arrive at camps outside of Mosul on March 19, 2017 in Hammam Aleel, Iraq. (H.Murdock/VOA)\nIraqi forces have been battling Islamic State on the ground with the backing of airstrikes from a U.S.-led coalition. The major focus of that campaign right now is an offensive to retake the city of Mosul from the militants who swept into the city in mid-2014.\nAs Islamic State swept through northern and western Iraq nearly three years ago, Iraqi leaders blamed the military for abandoning their posts and failing to put up a fight against Islamic State, while military personnel accused the government of failing to adequately supply and train the troops.\nTrump said at the start of Monday's meeting he hoped to discuss what he called the \"vacuum\" that resulted.\n\"We will figure something out. Our main thrust is we have to get rid of ISIS,\" Trump said.\nHe also lamented the 2011 withdrawal of U.S. forces from Mosul and the rest of Iraq -- a decision made in 2008 and later implemented by former President Barack Obama after Iraqi and U.S. negotiators could not agree on details for extending an immunity agreement covering U.S. forces and U.S. contractors.\n\"Certainly we shouldn't have left, we should never, ever have left,\" Trump said, in comments that followed his suggesting that \"perhaps we shouldn't have gone in\" in the first place. \nPresident Donald Trump, left, greets Iraqi Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi upon his arrival to the White House in Washington, March 20, 2017.\nTrump also raised the issue of Iran and its nuclear ambitions, questioning why his predecessor, Obama, signed a nuclear agreement with Tehran that lifted a longstanding Western trade embargo against the Islamic Republic.\nFor his part, Abadi told Trump that his government commands \"the strongest counterterrorism forces,\" but is looking forward to more cooperation with the United States.\nLater Monday, Abadi addressed an audience at the independent U.S. Institute for Peace, where he praised the Trump administration for supporting Iraqi initiatives aimed at crushing Islamic State and rebuilding Iraqi cities.\nIraqi Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi speaks during a meeting with President Donald Trump in the Cabinet Room of the White House, March 20, 2017.\n\"We have been given assurances that the support will not only continue but will accelerate. I think we are happy with the [White House] meeting ... and we're looking forward to meeting with Congress and others,\" he said.\nAbadi also said a growing number of U.S. companies have shown interest in boosting cooperation in trade, commerce, energy and education. \"And we're meeting [with] them today,\" he said.\nCoalition set to meet Wednesday\nThe Iraqi leader's first meeting with Trump comes as the U.S. administration prepares for a 68-nation meeting later this week of the Global Coalition working to defeat Islamic State. The gathering at the State Department is the first meeting of the full coalition since December 2014.\nA U.S. statement said the agenda will target multiple objectives, including counterterrorist financing and the stabilization of areas already liberated from Islamic State control.\nA boy rides his bike past destroyed cars and houses in a neighborhood recently liberated by Iraqi security forces, on the western side of Mosul, Iraq, Sunday, March 19, 2017.\nDuring a 2016 visit to Washington, Abadi sought additional financial and military support for the daunting task of rebuilding Iraqi cities ravaged by 14 years of war. He also sought aid to counter a massive humanitarian crisis spawned by the fighting, which has displaced more than 4 million people.\nThe joint statement from Monday's meeting said U.S. and Iraqi leaders will in the coming months work to deepen commercial times, expand energy sector collaboration and seek new cultural and educational cooperation opportunities.\nBut the extent of Washington's commitment to providing such aid remains unclear, shrouded by Trump's proposals to cut as much as 30 percent in funding from the budgets of the State Department and the U.S. Agency for International Development.\nBoth entities focus significantly on international peacekeeping initiatives and development programs.\n",
        "caption": "President Donald Trump, left, greets Iraqi Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi upon his arrival to the White House in Washington, March 20, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/7554CEAD-8265-4DFE-94D0-B597C3CFCE6D.jpg",
        "id": "7882_3",
        "answer": [
            "held their first in-person talks",
            "praised the joint battle their countries are waging against Islamic State"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "President Donald Trump, left, greets Iraqi Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi",
            "U.S. President Donald Trump and Iraqi Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_21_3775085",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_21_3775085_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the person with the black tie in the image usually do?",
        "context": "Senate Panel to Question Trump's Son-in-law on Russia Meetings\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. President Donald Trump's son-in-law and key adviser, Jared Kushner, has agreed to be questioned as part of a Senate investigation into Russia's alleged interference in the 2016 presidential election, according to the White House.\nKushner is the closest Trump ally to be questioned so far by the Senate Intelligence Committee, which is investigating ties between Trump associates and Russian officials.\nThe Senate committee wants to know more about Kushner's two December meetings with Russia's ambassador to the U.S., Sergey Kislyak, according to The New York Times, which first reported the story.\nFILE - Russia's ambassador to the U.S. Sergey Kislyak, speaks with reporters in Washington.\nThe Times also says senators are interested in Kushner's previously unreported meeting with the head of Vnesheconombank, a Russian state-owned development bank that the U.S. had placed under sanctions following Moscow's 2014 annexation of Crimea.\nA White House spokesman told the paper that Kushner's meetings were not unusual, noting that his role during the campaign and transition required him to regularly meet with foreign officials, including Russians.\nU.S. intelligence officials have concluded the Russian government was behind a campaign to influence the U.S. election by hacking Democratic Party groups and releasing the information to help benefit Trump. Moscow denies the allegations.\nFBI Director James Comey testifies before the House Intelligence Committee hearing into alleged Russian meddling in the 2016 U.S. election, on Capitol Hill in Washington, March 20, 2017.\nLast week, FBI director James Comey publicly confirmed an investigation into Russian interference in the election and whether associates of the president helped coordinate those efforts.\nSeveral Trump associates are said to be under scrutiny by the FBI, including Trump's former campaign chair Paul Manafort, former adviser Carter Page, and Trump's longtime confidante Roger Stone.\nTrump's former National Security Adviser Michael Flynn was also forced to step down after misleading White House officials over the nature of his phone calls with Ambassador Kislyak.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - White House Senior Adviser Jared Kushner, right, listens to President Donald Trump speak during a breakfast with business leaders in the Roosevelt Room of the White House in Washington. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/405C1A27-3C98-4921-927D-3148F33312DC.jpg",
        "id": "8517_1",
        "answer": [
            "regularly meet with foreign officials",
            "meet with foreign officials, including Russians"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Kushner",
            "Jared Kushner"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_27_3783363",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_27_3783363_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What training did the people in the image receive?",
        "context": "In War on Child Porn, US Turns Wounded Soldiers Into Hunters\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nThe language at a small graduation ceremony inside a federal office building in Washington Friday morning was militaristic: Fighting. Frontlines. Enemies. War.\nFor a fifth year, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) rather quietly has trained a small team of injured, wounded or sick military veterans for a different type of deployment - supporting the agency\u2019s lesser-known investigative arm as analysts on child exploitation cases - the ones who will be able to take photos off a hard drive in a child pornography investigation, then help identify the perpetrator and build the case for an arrest.\n\"It is a battle. It is a war. And it needs to be,\u201d said Daniel Ragsdale, ICE Deputy Director.\nSince 2013, more than 100 veterans have learned computer forensics through the H.E.R.O. Child-Rescue Corps, an 11-week program in the nation's capital, followed by a nearly year-long internship in ICE field offices around the country.\nChris Wooten, a U.S. Army ranger who was injured in a helicopter crash seven years ago while serving with a special operations regiment in Afghanistan \u2014 his fifth tour in Iraq and Afghanistan \u2014 felt like the program could return that sense of purpose and pride he felt serving in the military.\n\u201cI did have a lot of buddies who weren't able to make it home, that were killed overseas or even individuals that took their own lives when they made it back just because they didn't have that sense of purpose anymore,\u201d he explains after the ceremony, before flying home to southwest Florida, where he starts his internship next week.\n\u201cI think this opportunity, even though we're all wounded and can't do our military job anymore, that this program allows us to serve our country again, and not only that, but help save some kids.\"\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nChris Wooten\nShare this video\n0:00:29\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:29\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 1.1MB\n360p | 1.2MB\n720p | 8.5MB\n1080p | 5.6MB\n\u2018Daunting\u2019 task\nIt\u2019s unpaid work that first year, working alongside agents to find suspects and build the cases, often looking at graphic, violent content for clues about the perpetrator, the victim, or even the location. But the program regularly leads to job offers from ICE, according to an agency spokesman.\nThe collaboration between ICE\u2019s Homeland Security Investigations office, U.S. Special Operations Command, and the National Association to Protect Children builds the ranks of child sexual abuse investigators, as law enforcement across the United States scrambles to keep up with networks of elusive online suspects \u2014 the ones supplying the images and the ones demanding them.\nNon-profit organizations like the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children that also work on these cases report that the trade in child pornography images is growing \"exponentially.\" They report receiving thousands of requests from law enforcement agencies to analyze millions of images and videos in one year.\nRagsdale, the second in command at ICE, says there aren\u2019t enough analysts to meet the investigative demand. The agency is only one of several federal bureaus trying to dismantle the online exchange of child pornography, and in the week before Friday\u2019s graduation, it posted three updates on three such cases:\n\u201cTucson man sentenced to 10 years in prison for possessing and distributing child pornography\u201d\n\u201cIdaho man sentenced to 25 years on federal child pornography charges\u201d\n\u201cSouthwest Texas man sentenced to nearly 16 years in federal prison for distributing child pornography\u201d\n\u201cIt's daunting to see case after case after case... when you see 100-year sentences or multiple life sentences,\u201d Ragsdale told the graduates. \u201cUnfortunately, it's still not enough. It's certainly not tipping the scale to dissuade people who abuse children.\u201d\n\u201cYou are joining a fight that law enforcement is having a hard time winning,\u201d he added.\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nDaniel Ragsdale\nShare this video\n0:00:28\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:28\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 1023.3kB\n360p | 1.2MB\n720p | 8.3MB\n1080p | 5.6MB\n'Horrible photos'\nChosen to speak for the class at the ceremony, Wooten\u2019s voice faltered at the podium; he spoke about friends who died in combat or after returning home. He mentioned the veteran suicide rate in the U.S. \u2014 about 20 a day. He talked of \u201cscars, visible and invisible.\u201d\nMore than the adrenaline rush of military work under high stress, Wooten says with the investigatory work \u201cyou get that sense of pride back.\u201d\n\"In the military, you\u2019re very proud to serve your country. And this, you almost get a sense of pride that 'I\u2019m able to handle the images,\u2019\u201d said Wooten, who at 29, is the father of five children. \u201cI knew the struggle was going to be looking at horrible photos and videos that everyday people don't even know goes on.\n\u201cThis job, I\u2019m actually going out and saving kids and stopping bad guys, and help putting bad guys behind bars by analyzing evidence and different things that help them get a prison sentence,\u201d said Wooten. \u201cBefore, I was just sitting at a desk basically doing paperwork.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "A group of military veterans take the oath at a U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) ceremony, swearing them in to serve as analysts on child exploitation cases, at ICE headquarters in Washington, March 31, 2017. (B. Hamdard/VOA)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D86F41AE-A4D5-4EE1-B1A2-BBE231AB1F61.jpg",
        "id": "21236_1",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "computer forensics",
            "computer forensics through the H.E.R.O. Child-Rescue Corps, an 11-week program in the nation's capital, followed by a nearly year-long internship in ICE field offices"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "veterans",
            "U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE)"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_01_3792301",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_01_3792301_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "How many people are like those in the image?",
        "context": "As Civilian Displacement Surges, Myanmar Limits Aid Access\nMYAING GYI NGO, MYANMAR \u2014\u00a0\nSeated amid his family's simple possessions in a bamboo and thatch-roofed shelter, Saw Maung Care describes with anguish how they lost their home and livelihood as conflict flared in southeastern Myanmar in September. \n\"The soldiers came and destroyed some of our farms, our houses and firewood. We are angry, but we cannot do anything,\" he said, explaining that the army reportedly burned down many evacuated houses to prevent rebels from hiding there. \nSaw Maung Care said he and some 5,500 ethnic Kayin had to quickly flee their villages near Kayin State's border with Thailand, leaving their farm animals and rice harvest behind. They have since lived off limited food handouts in Myaing Gyi Ngu camp, a parched field with rows of cramped, ramshackle huts with little water, hygiene or sanitation. \nManagement of the IDP camp - where a third of the population is under 13 years of age - said they faced a constant food shortage as state authorities had blocked international aid deliveries to the site in Hlaingbwe Township.\n\"Our amount of food is only enough for four days,\" said Naw Tin La, who managed the camp's food warehouse, adding that they only received irregular food donations from state authorities and Kayin community groups. \n\"We don't know why the high-level authorities stop foreign organizations - we want to accept donations from anyone,\" she said.\nWorld Food Program (WFP) spokesperson Arsen Sahakyan said on Tuesday that state authorities had declined the agency's offer of food support, adding that WFP last made a limited food delivery of high-energy biscuits for children in November. \nA displaced Kayin family sit in their unit of a shelter at Myaing Gyi Ngu camp, northern Kayin State. (P. Vrieze/VOA)\n138,000 newly displaced\nThe government restrictions on international aid access for the Kayin IDPs are part of a nationwide trend of worsening conflict, displacement and humanitarian conditions, a recent report by the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (UNOCHA) warned.\nIt said international aid agencies now face restrictions or limited access in 21 crisis-hit townships in Myanmar. \"Unfortunately, our ability to reach people who depend on humanitarian assistance in different parts of the country has been getting worse,\" said UNOCHA spokesperson Pierre P\u00e9ron.\nConflict escalated after Aung San Suu Kyi's first peace conference in September. Her government could only stand by as the powerful army launched dry-season offensives against ethnic rebels, who launched counterattacks.\nIn Rakhine State, her government defended a brutal army crackdown in Rohingya Muslim communities after local insurgents attacked police stations on October 9. \nSince then, some 138,000 civilians fled their homes in Rakhine, Shan, Kachin and Kayin states, and only 21,000 have returned, according to UNOCHA. Some 94,000 are Rohingya who fled alleged army abuses, which the military denies, and about 74,000 of them crossed into Bangladesh.\nLast week saw a new wave of displacement as a reported 20,000 Kokang civilians, an ethnic Chinese minority, fled Shan State for China after Kokang rebels launched surprise attacks on Laukkai town on March 6. \nThe new displacement adds to the roughly 220,000 long-term IDPs who were displaced in the states since 2012. Another 100,000 Kayin refugees have lived in camps in Thailand since the 1990s.\nDisplaced Kayin are seen in a shelter at Myaing Gyi Ngu camp, northern Kayin State. (P. Vrieze)\nShrinking aid access\nIn most cases, the army has blocked aid access, ostensibly for security reasons. UNOCHA said international food deliveries to about 42,000 IDPs in rebel-held areas in Kachin and Shan states, which were already falling because of a UN funding shortfall, have been blocked for months.\nIn northern Rakhine, aid access to 20,000 IDPs and some 150,000 impoverished and undernourished Rohingya villagers was severely restricted from October until the start of this year, UNOCHA said.\nSince then, the agency said, \"the government permitted an incremental resumption of humanitarian activities, including distributions of food and other relief items.\" But many limitations remain, including a ban on visits by international staff. \nWidespread abuses\nAt a UN Human Rights Council meeting on Monday, Special Rapporteur on Human Rights in Myanmar Yanghee Lee alleged widespread army abuses against the Rohingya, such as rape, murder and the destruction of villages. She also condemned abuses in other ethnic areas and the lack of aid access in crisis-hit states.\nLee warned that Myanmar \"may be trying to expel the Rohingya population from the country altogether\" and called for a Commission of Inquiry, the highest-level UN probe, into Rohingya abuses. However, leading EU states reportedly favor a softer approach. \nMyanmar's Permanent Representative at the UN, Hau Do Suan, urged the Council to wait for his government's investigations into alleged army abuses - an inquiry that rights activists believe will yield little result. \nHau Do Suan said the authorities were duly facilitating the international aid response in Rakhine. He added that IDPs in Kachin rebel areas could cross the front line on foot to pick up food at army distribution points - a proposal that UN agencies have repeatedly rejected as completely unsafe. \nYanghee Lee, Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Myanmar, delivers her March 13, 2017 report.\n'There are so many land mines' \nUntil September, Kayin State had not seen fighting for years and major rebel groups signed the Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement with the government in 2015. But violence erupted when a splinter rebel group claimed the army killed its leader.\nThe IDPs at Myaing Gyi Ngu camp fled the rugged Mae Ta Waw area in northern Kayin, long considered a \"black zone\" - or an area where the army has little to no control and can deem anyone a legitimate target.\nKayin IDP Naw Tin Swe said life in their villages had been isolated: there was no voting in black zones in the historic 2015 elections, she had never heard of the peace process, nor did she speak Burmese. Her family of five yearned to return to their village nonetheless, but feared it would long remain unsafe. \n\"We heard Aung San Suu Kyi was elected; we don't know exactly. If she can give us help we will welcome it,\" Naw Tin Swe said. \"We just really want to go back to our farm and home, but we heard there are so many land mines.\"\n",
        "caption": "Saw Maung Care (left) and other displaced Kayin sit in shelters at Myaing Gyi Ngu camp, northern Kayin State. (P. Vrieze/VOA) ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/6B6490AC-5A08-49DE-9650-65D0F396990C.jpg",
        "id": "15059_1",
        "answer": [
            "138,000",
            "None",
            "5,500"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "displaced Kayin",
            "displaced"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_15_3766563",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_15_3766563_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What action did the person on the image carry out?",
        "context": "Trump to Host Germany's Merkel at White House\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nPresident Donald Trump will meet with German Chancellor Angela Merkel at the White House later this month.\nWhite House spokeswoman Sarah Sanders says the meeting will take place on March 14. It will be the first in-person meeting between Trump and the German chancellor since the U.S. election.\nTrump frequently criticized Merkel during his presidential campaign, accusing her of \"ruining Germany'' by taking in large numbers of refugees. Merkel, who wields significant sway in Europe, was critical of Trump's refugee and immigration travel ban, which was blocked by the courts.\nSanders did not offer details on what the two may discuss.\n",
        "caption": "German Chancellor Angela Merkel attends the weekly cabinet meeting of the German government at the chancellery in Berlin, Feb. 22, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/DDD04099-B3F6-48A1-BBBC-B252BECF0FA3.jpg",
        "id": "5739_1",
        "answer": [
            "taking in large numbers of refugees"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Angela Merkel"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_03_3748458",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_03_3748458_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What kind of actions made it difficult for the people in the image to work?",
        "context": "In the Shadow of War: Building Business on a Broken Bridge\nMOSUL \u2014\u00a0\nWhen the bomb blew, this bridge cracked in half, with one side breaking again as it fell. The result is a half bridge attached to a steep V-shaped structure, still usable for the creative and the strong.\nOn the half-bridge still intact, a makeshift marketplace sprung to life a few days after Islamic State militants were forced out of the area two weeks ago. While helicopter gunners shoot in nearby neighborhoods and smoke from airstrikes and mortars drifts across the sky, business in this market is growing steadily.\n\"I didn't chose to stay and live under Islamic State rule,\" says Mohammad, as he mans a cart selling dairy products, frozen chickens and bottled water. \"But where else would I go?\"\nMen struggle to carry products up and down the steep slopes of the broken bridge, but they say business is still steadily improving, in Mosul, Iraq, Jan. 19, 2017. (H. Murdock/VOA)\nMohammad's cart is joined with dozens of others selling fruit, phone credits, household cleaning products and other items on the bridge, one of several destroyed by IS militants as the Iraqi army advanced, now controlling nearly all the city east of the Tigris River.\nOn the broken half of the bridge, groups of young men slide boxes of vegetables and other products down one side and push them up the other. Cooking gas containers are used to keep another young man balanced as he whisks down the slope like a child sledding a snowy hill.\nOn the edges of the broken half of the bridge, women and older people inch down and back up, gripping onto the railing.\n\"They blew up most or all of the bridges before the army arrived,\" says Ahmed, 16, while watching people struggle on the steep slopes. \"Maybe it was strategic. But I think they just want to destroy things.\"\nIraqi snipers guard historical targets as mortars continue to fall over the river into Iraqi-controlled eastern Mosul, Jan. 18, 2017. (H. Murdock/VOA)\nLow prices, no money\nIn the past months of IS rule, prices in this area soared, with food and fuel costing five to 15 times the normal rate. The sharp increase in prices after more than two years of economic stagnation under IS has crippled Mosul neighborhoods.\nNow, prices have returned to pre-IS days, although locals say there is a lot less money to be spent. But on the bridge, workers say their new businesses are infinitely more satisfying than the last months with the militants, who grew more ruthless with civilians as the Iraqi army approached.\n\"I transport things for people,\" says a young man named Ahmed, 17, while leaning on his empty wooden cart.\nFamilies are on the move in Iraq-controlled Mosul, with some fleeing and others going home as soldiers battle the last IS strongholds in the eastern part of the city, Jan. 23, 2017. (H. Murdock/VOA)\nIn Iraqi-controlled Mosul, cars are banned in many places for fear of suicide bombers and the local population is on the move. Some people are going back to the homes they fled, while others are fleeing. Many people are also looking for supplies, after months or years of isolation.\nA wooden cart and the strength to get it down and back up the bridge earns Ahmed a living of $8 to $12 a day.\n\"Thank God I am working now,\" he says. Like many teenagers who have missed out on three years of their education because of IS, he has no plans to go back to school. \"The militants and the Iraqi forces were mortaring each other, and we were in the middle.\"\nWATCH: Building Business on a Broken Bridge\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nIn the Shadow of War: Building Business on a Broken Bridge\nShare this video\n0:00:48\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:48\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 2.2MB\n360p | 3.5MB\n720p | 17.4MB\nSmashed markets\nAlong the streets near the bridge, individuals sell items like kerosene, petrol, snacks and cigarettes. Their main local marketplace in the Sukkar neighborhood isn't far off, but it lies in ruins.\nWhen Iraqi forces take a neighborhood, they often station themselves in the center as they secure the area house by house. The area where Iraqi forces are stationed becomes a target for car bombs, armed drones and mortars.\nMany buildings in the Sukkar market are flattened and garbage piles onto the streets, with no municipality to provide clean up. The bodies of dead IS militants rot with the garbage, and the local mosque is bombed out.\nMarketplaces are often the center of neighborhoods, and when Iraqi forces take over, they base themselves in the center to secure the area, drawing IS suicide bombers and fire. At this market in the Sukkar neighborhood, the bodies of the bombers are rotting with the trash in Mosul, Iraq, Jan. 22, 2017. (H. Murdock/VOA)\nAs he examines one of the bodies, an Iraqi soldier sees money peeking out of a pocket. He pulls it out and throws it into the trash pile. Two children, about eight years old, snatch up the cash, but adults around quickly object. \"That money is sinful,\" says one man. \"It comes from evil. It is sinful.\"\nThe children pause, apparently unsure how money could be sinful, but then readily obey, tossing the money back onto the body with force.\n\"All of this is just from the fighting,\" says Ous, 19, who says he was planning to finish high school and college before IS took over.\n\"Some of my relatives died when their house collapsed after a car bomb,\" he says. \"Others died in a mortar attack. Things are better, but you can see what this market looks like.\"\n",
        "caption": "Men struggle to carry products up and down the steep slopes of the broken bridge, but they say business is still steadily improving, in Mosul, Iraq, Jan. 19, 2017. (H. Murdock/VOA)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/717C932D-ED35-4993-AAE2-4483E3D0F890.jpg",
        "id": "18695_2",
        "answer": [
            "militants, who grew more ruthless with civilians"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "civilians"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_24_3690113",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_24_3690113_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where are the people like those in the image from?",
        "context": "Can Flourishing Islamic State Be Stopped in Afghanistan?\nThe Islamic State group is rapidly expanding in parts of Afghanistan, advancing militarily into areas where it once had a weak presence and strengthening its forces in core regions, according to Afghan and U.S. officials.\nDepending on the location, the proliferation of IS has drawn varied resistance from the Afghan military, U.S. air support and ground troops, local militias, Taliban forces and other militant groups.\nAttacking IS has become such a priority in the country, that disparate forces sometimes join together in the ad-hoc fight, with Afghan and U.S. forces finding themselves inadvertently supporting the enemy Taliban in battling IS.\nConfusion leads to mistakes\nAll too often, officials say, mistakes are made due to confusion on the ground.\nAfghan army planes on Wednesday night accidentally air dropped vital supplies of food and water to IS militants in the Darzab district of northern Jouzjan province instead of to their own besieged troops, provincial police chief, Rahmatullah Turkistani told VOA. The supplies were meant to help Afghan forces that are countering twin attacks by IS and Taliban militants but were used instead by IS.\n\u201cIt's not getting better in Afghanistan in terms of IS,\u201d U.S. Chief Pentagon Spokeswoman Dana White told VOA this week. \u201cWe have a problem, and we have to defeat them and we have to be focused on that problem.\u201d\nReinforcements for the IS cause reportedly are streaming into isolated areas of the country from far and wide. There are reports of fighters from varied nationalities joining the ranks, including militants from Pakistan, India, Iran, Iraq, Syria, Russia and Central Asian neighbors.\nConfusing scenarios\nStill, the Islamic State-Khorasan (ISK) as IS is known in Afghanistan remains a fragmented group composed of differing regional forces with different agendas in different parts of the country.\n\u201cIS-K is still conducting low-level recruiting and distribution of propaganda in various provinces across Afghanistan, but it does not have the ability or authority to conduct multiple operations across the country,\u201d a recent Pentagon report said. But where it operates, IS is inflicting chaos and casualties and causing confusing scenarios for disparate opponents.\nIn the Tora Bora area, where IS has made a strong stand in recent days, local villagers and militias joined with Taliban to rout IS. IS regained ground after a few days, leading to U.S. military air attacks on IS positions in conjunction with Afghan intelligence instructions and army operations.\nIS fighters reportedly have fled from mountain caves of Tora Bora, where al-Qaida's leader Osama bin Laden hid from U.S. attack in 2001.\nAfghan refugee families wait at the office of United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees to register to go back to Afghanistan, in Peshawar, Pakistan, April 27, 2017.\nFamilies displaced\nIS fighters were also reportedly advancing in neighboring Khogyani district, displacing hundreds of families, according to district officials. It is one of several areas in Nangarhar province, near the Pakistani border, where IS has been active for over two years.\nFierce clashes in the Chaparhar district of Nangarhar last month left 21 Taliban fighters and seven IS militants dead, according to a provincial spokesman. At least three civilians who were caught in the crossfire were killed and five others wounded.\n\u201cIS has overpowered Taliban in some parts of Nangarhar because the Taliban dispatched its elite commando force called Sara Qeta (Red Brigade) to other parts of the country, including some northern provinces to contain the growing influence of IS there,\u201d Wahid Muzhda, a Taliban expert in Kabul, told VOA.\nFILE - In this June. 18, 2017, photo, security forces are deployed to the site of a suicide attack between Taliban insurgents and government forces near the main police station in eastern Paktia province, Afghanistan.\nRecruiting unemployed youths\nIS has also expanded in neighboring Kunar province, where, according to provincial police chief, it has a presence in at least eight districts and runs a training base, where foreign members of IS, train new recruits.\nHundreds of miles from Nangarhar, IS is attempting to establish a persistent presence in several northern provinces where it has found a fertile ground for attracting militants and recruiting unemployed youths, mostly between the age of 13 and 20.\nIS has been able to draw its members from the Pakistani Taliban fighters, former Afghan Taliban, and other militants who \u201cbelieve that associating with or pledging allegiance\u201d to IS will further their interests, according to the Pentagon report.\nHundreds of militants have joined IS ranks in northern Jouzjan and Sar-e-Pul province where local militant commanders lead IS-affiliate groups in several districts.\nDarzab district\nQari Hekmat, an ethnic Uzbek and former Taliban militant who joined IS a year ago, claims to have up to 500 members, including around 50 Uzbek nationals who are affiliated with the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU) \u2014 previously associated with al-Qaida and Taliban in Afghanistan.\nIS and Taliban are reportedly fighting over the control of Darzab district in Jouzjan which they stormed this week from two different directions and besieged scores of government forces. The Taliban has reportedly captured the center of the district while IS militants control the city outskirts.\nAfghanistan faces a continuing threat from as many as 20 insurgent and terrorist networks present or operating in the Afghanistan-Pakistan region, including IS, the Pentagon said.\n\u201cIn areas where the government has limited influence and control, IS attempts to emerge and expand there,\u201d Ateequllah Amarkhail, an analysts and former Army general in Kabul told VOA.\nHit-and-hide strategy\nIS has also claimed responsibility for several recent attacks in urban areas, however, with a hit-and-hide strategy that is proving effective. And it is engaging too in more skirmishes with U.S. forces that initially were sent to the country to help Afghan forces halt the spread of Taliban.\nThree American service members based in eastern Afghanistan were killed in April during operations targeting IS militants, according to the Pentagon.\n\"ISIS-K remains a threat to Afghan and regional security, a threat to U.S. and coalition forces, and it retains the ability to conduct high-profile attacks in urban centers,\u201d the Pentagon said.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Taliban fighters react to a speech by their senior leader in the Shindand district of Herat province, Afghanistan, May 27, 2016. The rise of IS in Afghanistan has become such a priority that U.S. and Afghan forces sometimes support the Taliban while battling IS.\n",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/3AB35E17-AD16-4EC5-A530-3682B3138B71.jpg",
        "id": "15052_1",
        "answer": [
            "Pakistan, India, Iran, Iraq, Syria, Russia and Central Asian neighbors",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Taliban fighters",
            "fighters"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_23_3913716",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_23_3913716_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who is the man in the image accusing of nefarious actions?",
        "context": "2nd Autopsy Done, 4th Person Arrested in Death of Kim Jong Nam\nKUALA LUMPUR, MALAYSIA \u2014\u00a0\nMalaysia performed a second autopsy on the estranged half brother of North Korea\u2019s leader because the first procedure was inconclusive, piling on the intrigue surrounding what appeared to be a well-executed assassination at an airport in Kuala Lumpur, an official said Saturday. Police arrested a fourth suspect, identified as a North Korean man. \nThe second autopsy clearly enraged North Korea, which has vowed to reject the results of any post-mortem and demanded that Malaysia turn over the body immediately. \nSpeaking to reporters outside the morgue late Friday, Pyongyang\u2019s ambassador said Malaysian officials may be \u201ctrying to conceal something\u201d and \u201ccolluding with hostile forces.\u201d \nInconclusive autopsy \nA Malaysian official with knowledge of the investigation confirmed the second autopsy started Friday night and said that the results of the first one were inconclusive. He asked that his name not be used because he is not authorized to speak to the media. \nThe inconclusive autopsy results raise questions about the mysterious death of Kim Jong Nam, but a lack of closure and a lingering sense of the unknown aren\u2019t unusual when it comes to North Korea. While South Korea has blamed North Korea for a slew of notable assassinations or attempted killings in past decades, the North often denies involvement or simply doesn\u2019t comment. \nMalaysia has arrested four people so far, the lastest a man carrying an ID that identified him as 46-year-old Ri Jong Chol. He was picked up Friday night. \nAuthorities were still trying to piece together details of the case. \nA reporter holds up a local newspaper during his report in front of the morgue at Kuala Lumpur General Hospital where Kim Jong Nam's body is held for autopsy in Malaysia, Feb. 18, 2017.\nKim Jong Nam, who was 45 or 46 and had lived in exile for years, suddenly fell ill at the Kuala Lumpur airport Monday as he waited for a flight home to Macau. Dizzy and in pain, he told medical workers at the airport he had been sprayed with a chemical. He died while being taken to a hospital. \nSouth Korea has accused its enemies in North Korea of dispatching a hit squad to kill Kim Jong Nam, saying two female assassins poisoned him and then fled in a taxi. \nOne suspect duped, police say \nOn Friday, Indonesia\u2019s police chief said an Indonesian woman arrested for suspected involvement in the killing was duped into thinking she was part of a comedy show prank. \nIndonesian police chief Tito Karnavian, citing information received from Malaysian authorities, told reporters in Indonesia\u2019s Aceh province that Siti Aisyah, 25, was paid to be involved in \u201cJust For Laughs\u201d style pranks, a reference to a popular hidden camera show. He said she and another woman performed stunts that involved convincing men to close their eyes and then spraying them with water. \n\u201cSuch an action was done three or four times and they were given a few dollars for it, and with the last target, Kim Jong Nam, allegedly there were dangerous materials in the sprayer,\u201d Karnavian said. \u201cShe was not aware that it was an assassination attempt by alleged foreign agents.\u201d \nMalaysian police were questioning four suspects: Aisyah, another woman who carried a Vietnamese passport; a man they said is Aisyah\u2019s boyfriend; and the North Korean man.\nNorth breaks silence \nNorth Korea broke its silence on the case Friday night. Speaking to reporters gathered outside the morgue in Kuala Lumpur on Friday, North Korean Ambassador Kang Chol said Malaysia conducted the autopsy on Kim Jong Nam \u201cunilaterally and excluding our attendance.\u201d \n\u201cWe will categorically reject the result of the post-mortem,\u201d Kang said, adding that the move disregarded \u201celementary international laws and consular laws.\u201d \nKang said the fact that Malaysia has yet to hand over the body \u201cstrongly suggests that the Malaysian side is trying to conceal something which needs more time and deceive us, and that they are colluding with the hostile forces towards us who are desperate to harm us.\u201d \nMalaysia is one of just a handful of countries to have full diplomatic ties with North Korea, with each country having an embassy in the other\u2019s capital. Malaysia has also been a key place for quiet, semi-official \u201ctrack 2\u201d diplomatic talks between North Korea and with the United States. \nMalaysia said Friday it wants DNA samples from Kim Jong Nam\u2019s family as part of the post-mortem procedure and that officials were not yet willing to hand the body over to the North Koreans. Although Kim Jong Nam is believed to have two sons and a daughter with two women living in Beijing and Macau, police in Malaysia say none has come forward to claim the body or provide DNA samples. \n\u201cIf there is no claim by next-of-kin and upon exhausting all avenues (to obtain DNA), we will finally then hand over the body to the (North Korean) embassy,\u201d said Abdul Samah Mat, a senior Malaysian police official. He would not say how long that process might take. \nKim Jong Nam was estranged from his younger half brother, the North Korean leader Kim Jong Un. He reportedly fell out of favor with their father, the late Kim Jong Il, in 2001, when he was caught trying to enter Japan on a false passport to visit Tokyo Disneyland. \n",
        "caption": "In this image made from video, North Korean Ambassador to Malaysia Kang Chol speaks to the media gathered outside the morgue in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Feb. 17, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/5401CC14-1D95-48B2-95E6-133A7A8DA183.jpg",
        "id": "25926_1",
        "answer": [
            "Malaysian officials"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Ambassador "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_18_3729964",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_18_3729964_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person with glasses in the image a member of?",
        "context": "US Senators: Military Surge Alone Will Not Win Afghan War \nISLAMABAD, PAKISTAN \u2014\u00a0\nA group of influential U.S. senators has cautioned President Donald Trump that a military surge alone will not help win the war in Afghanistan, and they view as \u201cvery unnerving\u201d a lack of U.S. diplomatic focus on the issue.\nThe five-member bipartisan congressional delegation, led by Republican Senator John McCain of Arizona, made the observation Tuesday during a trip to Kabul as the Trump administration prepares to unveil a plan this month to try to defeat the resurgent Taliban.\nThe proposed strategy is expected to add several thousand more U.S. troops to about 8,600 already deployed to Afghanistan to help struggling Afghan security forces fight the insurgency.\n\u201cWe need to have a strategy to win. The strongest nation on Earth should be able to win this conflict, and we are developing the strategy to do that. And we are frustrated that strategy had not been articulated yet, to be honest with you,\u201d McCain told reporters after talks with Afghan leaders.\nU.S. Senator John McCain, center, speaks during a press conference at the Resolute Support headquarters in Kabul, Afghanistan, July 4, 2017. Senators Elizabeth Warren, left, and Lindsey Graham are seen in the background.\nTillerson visit urged\nHe says that the current security situation in Afghanistan is a matter of concern for his delegation. \u201cEach of us may describe that concern in our own way, but none of us would say that we are on a course for success here in Afghanistan,\u201d McCain said.\nAnother member of the delegation, Republican Senator Lindsey Graham of South Carolina, urged Secretary of State Rex Tillerson to visit Afghanistan as soon as possible to directly involve himself in terms of filling the vacant embassy posts, as well as State Department vacancies, to be able to deal with the civilian diplomatic challenge facing the U.S. mission.\n\u201cYou are not going to win this war just though more bombing ... and we don't have the focus we need to make sure that whatever military surge we engage in is accompanied by a diplomatic surge. ... And on the secretary of state side, I see a lack of focus that is very unnerving,\u201d Graham said.\nU.S. Senator Lindsey Graham right, speaks during a press conference at the Resolute Support headquarters in Kabul, Afghanistan, July 4, 2017. Senator Elizabeth Warren is shown at left.\nDiplomatic efforts lacking\nSenator Sheldon Whitehouse, a Democrat from Rhode Island, also underscored the need for pushing diplomatic efforts that run parallel to the possible military surge in Afghanistan.\n\u201cI hope very much that the strong bipartisan message from this delegation, that at least as to south-central Asia, is these important positions need to be filled. They need to be filled with capable experienced people and they need to be empowered to make the decisions that will drive success,\u201d said Whitehouse.\nMcCain said that in his assessment, getting major areas of the country under government control, keeping the Taliban from urban centers and working toward a cease-fire with the insurgents would be like winning the war.\n\u201cIt will probably be a simmering crisis for many years to come. \u2026 They are not going to negotiate unless they think they are losing. \u2026 So, we need to win and have the advantage on the battlefield and then enter into serious negotiations to resolve the conflict,\u201d he said.\nAfghan leadership under fire\nThe Senate delegation, which included Democrat Elizabeth Warren from Massachusetts and Georgia Republican David Perdue, visited Kabul at a time when the national unity government of beleaguered President Ashraf Ghani is under growing pressure to quit over a lack of key political and security reforms. New anti-government political alliances have emerged, involving some of Ghani's governing partners.\nThe security situation across Afghanistan also has rapidly deteriorated, with Taliban insurgents making more territorial gains, launching major attacks on key cities and inflicting heavy casualties on government forces. Officials say intense fighting has been raging in 21 of the 34 Afghan provinces.\nActing Defense Minister Major General Tariq Shah Bahrami told reporters on Tuesday that the Taliban \u2014 with the help of \u201cforeign fighters\u201d \u2014 was preparing to conduct a major assault against the strategically important northern city of Kunduz, which fell to the insurgents twice within a year.\n",
        "caption": "U.S. Senator Lindsey Graham right, speaks during a press conference at the Resolute Support headquarters in Kabul, Afghanistan, July 4, 2017. Senator Elizabeth Warren is shown at left.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/4B64CDE6-7F47-43AE-BDDE-03985B286065.jpg",
        "id": "23431_3",
        "answer": [
            "The Senate delegation"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Elizabeth Warren"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_04_3928151",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_04_3928151_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the paper the person in the image is signing do?",
        "context": "UN Investigator: Iran Makes Some Progress on Rights But Still Persecutes\nA U.N. investigator presenting her first report on Iran's human rights record says Iranian leaders have made some progress, but must do more to stop what she calls the \"persecution\" of Iranian people.\nIn an exclusive interview with VOA Persian in Geneva on Monday, U.N. special rapporteur on Iran's human rights situation Asma Jahangir credited Iran for boosting engagement with her office.\n\"They are now responding to our communications more and more, which was not the case earlier,\" she said.\nJahangir, an independent Pakistani rights activist who took up her post last November, spoke to VOA on the day she presented her first Iran report to the Geneva-based U.N. Human Rights Council. \"Iran gave extensive comments to my report (covering the second half of 2016) \u2013 whether I agreed with those comments is not the point. But at least there were the comments, and I learned a lot from them.\"\nJahangir also welcomed Iranian President Hassan Rouhani's signing of a Citizens' Rights Charter in December. The document emphasizes the Iranian people's freedoms of speech and assembly and rights to access information, health services, a clean environment and clean water.\nIn this photo released by the office of the Iranian Presidency, President Hassan Rouhani signs the \"Charter of Citizenship Rights\" in Tehran, Dec. 19, 2016.\nJahangir said Rouhani has appointed an official to pursue the aims of the charter. \"We are looking at some improvements that may come about,\" she said. \"For example we are hoping that the death penalty for juveniles will be ended and that some not-so-serious drug-related crimes will not be subject to capital punishment.\" Jahangir's report says Iran has executed at least 156 people since January, after carrying out at least 530 executions in 2016, mostly for drug offenses.\nJahangir also said information she has received from inside Iran indicates the charter has not been implemented effectively, so far. Iran has criticized the appointments of U.N. special rapporteurs on its rights record such as Jahangir and blocked them visiting, saying they rely on information from hostile sources. In her presentation to the Human Rights Council, Jahangir said she has relied on reports \"received from Iranians living both inside and outside of Iran\" as well as consultations with \"civil society organizations and various stakeholders.\"\nIn a separate interview with VOA Persian's NewsHour show on Monday, exiled Iranian Nobel Peace prize winner Shirin Ebadi offered a theory as to why Iran is starting to cooperate with Jahangir. \"Obviously, international pressure does make a difference in how Iran responds to allegations of human rights abuses,\" she said. \"Previously, Iranian officials would not bother to respond to queries from the rapporteur, and would heap scorn and insults on this U.N. investigator \u2013 but now they feel obliged to respond to her.\"\nExiled Iranian Nobel Peace Prize winner Shirin Ebadi speaks to VOA Persian's NewsHour show on March 13, 2017. (Photo: M. Lipin / VOA)\nLast week, U.N. High Commissioner for Human Rights Zeid Ra'ad al Hussein issued a separate report making criticisms of Iran's human rights record.\nSpeaking to VOA, Jahangir identified three areas in which she said Iran should make urgent changes to its policies.\nOn freedom of expression, she said \"I'm really concerned about how people are arbitrarily detained, arrested, harassed and intimidated\" for expressing themselves.\nOn the treatment of political prisoners, she said \"torture is endemic\" and sends a signal to the rest of the country that \"if you don't agree or if you don't get into line, this is the treatment that you will get.\"\nAnd on the independence of the judiciary, she said lawyers and judges have given \"virtual impunity\" to Iranian security forces and operate with an \"official\" mindset to the extent that \"they don't seem to work independently at all.\"\nVIDEO: Asma Jahangir talks about Iran's human rights record\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nAsma Jahangir talks about Iran's human rights record\nShare this video\n0:01:49\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:49\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n264p | 5.1MB\n352p | 8.8MB\n480p | 51.1MB\nKazzem Qaribabadi, an Iranian judiciary official participating in the U.N. Human Rights Council meeting in Geneva, told Iran's official Fars news agency on Sunday that he will respond to Jahangir's allegations in the coming days.\nLast week, Iranian foreign ministry spokesman Bahram Qassemi rejected Jahangir's report, first published on March 6, as politically motivated and ignoring Iran's responses to the alleged rights violations that she raised. Earlier this month, Fars quoted Iran's Deputy Foreign Minister Abbas Araqchi as telling the Human Rights Council that \"Iran continues its efforts towards promotion of human rights based on the recognition of an interactive and cooperative approach at different levels.\"\nJahangir said her report was \"not about naming and shaming\" Iran. She said she recently met with members of the Iranian judiciary's human rights department and sought their input to make the report more balanced and offer \"constructive solutions\" to Iran's challenges.\nThe Pakistani activist also defended the report as \"critical\" to raising awareness of Iran's human rights situation among people inside and outside the country. \"More importantly,\" she said, \"it gives victims and activists inside Iran essential moral support \u2013 otherwise they are just being persecuted without any kind of an outlet to raise their voices.\"\nGuita Aryan and Hooman Bakhtiar of VOA's Persian service contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "In this photo released by the office of the Iranian Presidency, President Hassan Rouhani signs the \"Charter of Citizenship Rights\" in Tehran, Dec. 19, 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/79A14026-3358-49A9-A636-85F90625CC24.jpg",
        "id": "2641_2",
        "answer": [
            "emphasizes the Iranian people's freedoms of speech and assembly and rights to access information, health services, a clean environment and clean water",
            "emphasizes the Iranian people's freedoms of speech and assembly and rights to access information, health services, a clean environment and clean water."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Iranian",
            "Charter of Citizenship Rights"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_14_3764838",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_14_3764838_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What causes difficulties for the people in the image?",
        "context": "Iraqi Sheep, Locals, Environment Suffer Islamic State Oil Fires\nQAYYARA, IRAQ \u2014\u00a0\nShepherds herd blackened flocks through the Iraqi desert. Locals cough and wheeze under vast clouds of smoke, and NASA images show oil threatening to encroach on the Tigris River, a major water source.\nLit by Islamic State as they fled Iraqi forces in August, huge oil fires are still raging across northern Iraq, bringing a litany of problems in their wake.\nA toxic cloud has hung for months over the town of Qayyara, just 60 km (40 miles) from Mosul where Iraqi forces are battling to defeat the militant Sunni group. It is an eerie reminder of the group's rule of the area as traumatized residents begin to rebuild.\nMore than 250 square km (155 square miles) were covered in smoke for more than 21 days, according to satellite images published in November. Follow-up photos this month show oil \"very close\" to a tributary of the Tigris though a little less smoke as some fires have been extinguished.\nOil fires release deadly substances into the air, soil and water sources, as seen when retreating Iraqi forces lit more than 650 oil wells in Kuwait in 1991 causing a major environmental disaster.\n\"The smoke hurts our children, hurts us and, as we get older, it's only going to cause us more problems,\" said Sarhan Misin, 20, who works in a sweet shop just off Qayyara's main road, adding he has begun suffering coughing fits and shortness of breath.\nA doctor at the local hospital, asking not to be named for fear of reprisal by Islamic State, told Reuters he had seen many more patients with respiratory problems in recent months, though was not able to give numbers.\nA shepherd herding sheep near a military checkpoint and bombed-out bridge said the oil fires were to blame for the deaths of 10 of his once-60-strong flock. The wool of the remainder turned an oily black.\n\"When it started, we washed them and they came back to this dark color immediately,\" said Hamid Achman, 40, a former policeman turned shepherd after his brother, also a policeman, was killed by Islamic State.\n'Judgement day'\nThe United Nations as well as many environmental groups and charities have used strong language and pushed for the fires to be extinguished and more serious testing to take place.\n\"This ongoing ecocide is a recipe for a prolonged disaster,\" said Erik Solheim, head of the United Nations' Environment Program, in October.\nOn top of the burning oil wells, Qayyara, home to roughly 15,000 people, suffered a chlorine gas leak in October originating from a water plant. A further toxic cloud rolled across the land as sulphur dioxide stockpiled nearby caught fire.\n\"Qayyara clearly shows that environmental damage in conflicts is a humanitarian issue, with acute and potentially long term consequences,\" said Doug Weir, a manager at the U.K.-based Toxic Remnants of War Project.\nKnown for their sulphur-rich, heavy crude, the Qayyara area's two main oil fields produced 30,000 barrels per day before the area was taken over by Islamic State, which then itself profited from the wells.\nThe district's name is derived from the Arabic for tar, qatran.\nA few kilometers away, one well of around 20 initially lit by Islamic State \u2014 of which half are still burning \u2014 spews flames dozens of meters high into the cold Iraqi air. Thick smoke swirls for kilometers around.\nAround 100 firefighters and engineers are working to put out the fire in extremely difficult circumstances, though there is no indication as to when their work will be done.\nBlackened diggers, trucks and hoses litter charred earth near the flaming wellhead, amid temperatures high enough to burn skin.\n\"Sometimes the weather changes suddenly and the fire burns the workers and damages the equipment,\" said Ayyad Al-Jiburi, the engineer leading the project.\nStanding some 20 meters from the flames, smoldering cigarette in hand, he remarks that the ground beneath them could collapse at any moment.\n\"We're dealing with a natural force... as if preparing Judgement Day and what hell could be like.\"\n",
        "caption": "Firefighters and engineers battle fires at oil wells set ablaze by Islamic State militants before fleeing the oil-producing region of Qayyara, Iraq, Jan. 18, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/698DD72A-B9BC-4717-ADCC-8CCC810576EA.jpg",
        "id": "9144_1",
        "answer": [
            "the weather changes suddenly",
            "weather changes"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "engineer",
            "Firefighters and engineers"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_19_3682883",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_19_3682883_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the opponent of the people in the image do?",
        "context": "Indonesia Arrests Islamic Activists Before Jakarta Protest\nJAKARTA, INDONESIA \u2014\u00a0\nIndonesian police arrested the leader of a hard-line Muslim group and several other activists for suspected treason ahead of a blasphemy protest in the capital Jakarta Friday.\nJakarta police spokesman Argo Yuwono said Muhammad Al Khathath, leader of the Muslim Peoples Forum umbrella group, was suspected of involvement in a conspiracy to commit treason and was arrested at a hotel early Friday.\nThe forum, which includes the Islamic Defenders Front vigilante group, has been behind a series of huge protests against the minority Christian governor of Jakarta, who is on trial for allegedly blaspheming the Quran.\nThe blasphemy case and the ease with which hard-liners attracted several hundred thousand to protest against Gov. Basuki \u201cAhok\u201d Tjahaja Purnama have undermined Indonesia\u2019s reputation for practicing a moderate form of Islam and shaken the secular government as well as mainstream Muslim groups.\nYuwono said four other Islamic activists were also arrested early Friday. Local media said one of those men was the deputy coordinator for Friday\u2019s protest.\nAhok will compete in a run-off election for governor next week against a former Cabinet minister backed by conservative Muslim clerics.\nAfter Friday prayers, protesters planned to march from Istiqlal Mosque in central Jakarta to the nearby presidential palace. \n",
        "caption": "FILE - A Muslim man shouts slogans during a rally against Jakarta's minority Christian Governor Basuki \"Ahok\" Tjahaja Purnama demanding him to be sacked outside the parliament in Jakarta, Indonesia, Feb. 21, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/3203F1FB-CE70-4DBD-9B2D-A66EC2133157.jpg",
        "id": "21423_1",
        "answer": [
            "blaspheming the Quran",
            "None",
            "practicing a moderate form of Islam and shaken the secular government"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Muslim man",
            "Basuki \u201cAhok\u201d Tjahaja Purnama"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_31_3790507",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_31_3790507_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person with the blue tie in the image do?",
        "context": "Gulf Nations, Qatar Ease Diplomatic Rift Slightly\nDOHA, QATAR \u2014\u00a0\nBahrain, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates signaled Sunday they may allow some Qataris to stay in their countries amid a diplomatic rift with the Gulf nation.\nQatar meanwhile pledged those nations\u2019 citizens will have \u201ccomplete freedom\u201d to stay in the energy-rich country. \nThe three Gulf nations cut ties to Qatar June 5 over its alleged support of militants and ties to Iran, and ordered all Qataris out within 14 days, while calling their own citizens back. That\u2019s created chaos across the Sunni Gulf nations, whose citizens regularly intermarry and conduct business across countries sharing long historic and cultural bonds.\nWho can stay\nEarly Sunday, the three countries all issued statements urging mixed nationality families to call their respective interior ministries, which would take into consideration the \u201chumanitarian circumstances\u201d of their situation. \nFor its part, Qatar issued an overnight statement saying residents living in the country from those nations that severed ties would have \u201ccomplete freedom\u201d to stay despite the \u201chostile and tendentious campaigns\u201d now targeting it. \n\u201cThe state of Qatar, in accordance to its firm beliefs and principles, works on avoiding political conflicts with states and governments when dealing with their people,\u201d the ministry said. \u201cThose residents have the complete freedom in staying in the state of Qatar in accordance with the laws and regulations adopted by the state.\u201d \nU.S. President Donald Trump, right, holds a bilateral meeting with Qatar's Emir Sheikh Tamim Bin Hamad Al-Thani, in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 21, 2017.\nDiplomatic crisis\nThe diplomatic crisis, the worst since the 1990 invasion of Kuwait by Iraq and the subsequent Gulf War, has seen Arab nations and others cut ties to Qatar, which hosts a major U.S. military base and will be the host of the 2022 FIFA World Cup. Doha is a major international travel hub, but flagship carrier Qatar Airways now flies increasingly over Iran and Turkey after being blocked elsewhere in the Middle East. \nSaudi Arabia has closed its land border crossings to Qatar, which imports nearly all of its food. In recent days, Turkey has stepped in to supply supermarkets there with eggs and milk after worried residents cleaned out shelves in the early days of the crisis. Turkey also will send troops to a base it maintains in Qatar in a sign of support. \nKuwait\u2019s ruler has been trying to mediate an end to the conflict. U.S. President Donald Trump has offered strong criticism of Qatar as Secretary of State Rex Tillerson has called for \u201cno further escalation\u201d in the crisis.\n",
        "caption": "U.S. President Donald Trump, right, holds a bilateral meeting with Qatar's Emir Sheikh Tamim Bin Hamad Al-Thani, in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 21, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/0AA6A838-1083-44F7-980C-209EBEA7A12C.jpg",
        "id": "9971_2",
        "answer": [
            "offered strong criticism of Qatar",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "U.S. President Donald Trump",
            "Donald Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_11_3895593",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_11_3895593_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who will the person at the podium in the image stand against?",
        "context": "In Surprise Move, Iran's Ahmadinejad to Run for President\nTEHRAN \u2014\u00a0\nIran's former President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad on Wednesday stunned the country by unexpectedly filing to run in the May presidential election, contradicting a recommendation from the supreme leader to stay out of the race.\nAhmadinejad's decision could upend an election many believed would be won by moderate President Hassan Rouhani, who negotiated the nuclear deal with world powers. Though Rouhani has yet to formally register, many viewed him as a shoe-in following Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei's recommendation in September for Ahmadinejad to stand down and conservatives' inability to coalesce around a single candidate.\nAhmadinejad's firebrand style could prove appealing for hard-liners seeking a tough-talking candidate who can stand up to U.S. President Donald Trump. His candidacy also could expose the fissures inside Iranian politics that linger since his contested 2009 re-election, which brought massive unrest.\nAssociated Press journalists watched as stunned election officials processed Ahmadinejad's paperwork on Wednesday. Asked about Ahmadinejad's decision, one Tehran-based analyst offered a blunt assessment.\n\"It was an organized mutiny against Iran's ruling system,'' said Soroush Farhadian, who backs reformists.\nAhmadinejad previously served two four-year terms from 2005 to 2013. Under Iranian law, he became eligible to run again after four years out of office, but he remains a polarizing figure, even among fellow hard-liners.\nTwo of his former vice presidents have been jailed for corruption since he left office. Iran's economy suffered under heavy international sanctions during his administration because of Western suspicions that Tehran was secretly pursuing nuclear weapons. Iran insists its nuclear program is for peaceful purposes.\nAhmadinejad's disputed re-election in 2009 sparked massive protests and a sweeping crackdown in which thousands of people were detained and dozens were killed.\nInternationally, Ahmadinejad is more known for repeatedly questioning the scale of the Holocaust, predicting Israel's demise and expanding Iran's contested nuclear program.\nThe memory of the 2009 unrest likely sparked Khamenei's comments in September. At that time, he recommended an unnamed candidate not seek office as it would bring about a \"polarized situation'' that would be \"harmful for the county.''\nAhmadinejad described comments by the supreme leader suggesting he not run as \"just advice'' in a news conference shortly after submitting his registration. There was no immediate reaction from the supreme leader's office.\nHe said his decision to run was intended to help former Vice President Hamid Baghaei, a close confidant. Baghaei, who was imprisoned for seven months after he left office, registered alongside Ahmadinejad on Wednesday. So did Esfandiar Rahim Mashaei, another of the former president's close allies.\nMore than 120 prospective candidates submitted their names as candidates on the first day of registration Tuesday, including six women and seven clerics. Registration remains open until Saturday.\nUnder Iran's electoral system, all applicants must be vetted by the Guardian Council, a clerical body that will announce a final list of candidates by April 27. The council normally does not approve dissidents or women for the formal candidate list.\nThe May 19 election is seen by many in Iran as a referendum on the 2015 nuclear agreement and other efforts to improve the country's sanctions-hobbled economy. Under the nuclear deal, Iran agreed to curb its uranium enrichment in exchange for the lifting of international sanctions.\nSince the deal, Iran has signed multi-billion-dollar contracts with airplane manufacturers Boeing Co. and Airbus. The benefits have yet to trickle down to the average Iranian, however, fueling some discontent.\n",
        "caption": "Former Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, left, and his close ally Hamid Baghaei attend a press conference after registering his candidacy for the upcoming presidential election, at the election headquarters of the interior ministry, in Tehran, Iran, ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F01AFBD2-7153-4724-92D6-99CE1E5DAD49.jpg",
        "id": "20008_1",
        "answer": [
            "U.S. President Donald Trump",
            "the supreme leader",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Mahmoud Ahmadinejad",
            "Ahmadinejad"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_12_3806775",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_12_3806775_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "How was the person on the poster in the image misusing his power?",
        "context": "50,000 Romanians Rally in Biggest Anti-corruption Protest\nBUCHAREST \u2014\u00a0\nMore than 250,000 Romanians demonstrated on Wednesday against a government decree decriminalizing some graft offenses, seen as the biggest retreat on reforms since the country joined the European Union in 2007.\nRomania's top judicial watchdog, the Superior Magistrates' Council (CSM), earlier in the day filed a constitutional court challenge to the decree unveiled by the new Social Democrat government of Prime Minister Sorin Grindeanu.\nNumbers of protesters rose to a new high in the evening, reaching 130,000-150,000 outside the cabinet building in Bucharest.\nAnother 100,000-150,000 were estimated by riot police to have joined similar rallies in 55 other towns and cities.\nThe decree was approved by the cabinet on Tuesday evening.\n\"Repeal it, then leave,\" protesters shouted. \"Thieves, thieves.\" Many waved Romanian national flags.\n\"Our chances are small but it is important to fight,\" said Gabriela Constantin, a 36-year-old architect.\nIf enforced, as planned, within 10 days, the decree would, among other things, decriminalize abuse-of-power offenses in which the sums involved are less than 200,000 lei ($48,000).\nThat would put an end to the current trial of Social Democrat party leader Liviu Dragnea, accused of using his political influence to secure state salaries for two people working at his party headquarters between 2006 and 2013.\nDozens of other political figures from all parties stand to benefit from the decree.\n\"I don't understand what the protesters are upset about,\" Dragnea told reporters on Tuesday.\nTwo opposition parties, the centrist Liberals and the Save Romania Union USR, filed a no-confidence motion on Wednesday against the government which has little chance of succeeding.\n\u2018Shame,\u2019 \u2018Resignation,\u2019 \u2018Thieves\u2019\nAs parliament opened for its first regular session of the year, USR lawmakers paraded banners reading \"Shame\" and other opposition deputies shouted \"Resignation\" or \"Thieves\".\nThe Romanian leu fell as much as 1.4 percent against the euro to 4.5540, marking a seven-month low, while longer-term yields rose 14 basis points.\nRomania's Social Democrats won back power in a December 2016 election, one year after protesters drove them from office in an outpouring of anger over a deadly fire at a nightclub that many blamed on corruption and impunity.\nAnti-corruption prosecutors are currently investigating over 2,000 abuse-of-power cases.\nPresident Klaus Iohannis took part in an emergency meeting of the CSM, telling reporters afterwards: \"The problem is that one cannot act the way the government did in a country with the rule of law, which Romania is and wants to remain.\"\nThe European Commission said: \"The fight against corruption needs to be advanced, not undone,\" Commission head Jean-Claude Juncker and his deputy said in a statement. \"We are following the latest developments in Romania with great concern.\"\nSix western countries including Germany and the United States issued a joint statement warning that the government's move would undermine Romania's international reputation and position in the EU and NATO.\nThe decree would apply to ongoing investigations and trials as well as new cases. Criminal negligence would no longer be an offense, and the definition of conflict of interest would be narrowed.\nThe government on Tuesday also approved a draft bill that would grant prison pardons. It says it would bring the criminal code in line with recent constitutional court rulings and ease prison overcrowding, claims disputed by many senior judicial figures.\n",
        "caption": "People hold posters depicting the leader of the ruling Social Democratic party, Liviu Dragnea, the other reading \"Romania-Wake Up\" during a protest in Bucharest, Romania, Feb. 1, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/E64ABA62-03A4-4288-8DE3-9B5B002F4C87.jpg",
        "id": "32587_1",
        "answer": [
            "using his political influence to secure state salaries for two people working at his party headquarters between 2006 and 2013"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Liviu Dragnea"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_01_3702353",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_01_3702353_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the movement from the image translate to?",
        "context": "Putin\u2019s Youth Army Debuts on Red Square for \u2018Victory Day\u2019\nMOSCOW \u2014\u00a0\nAt a night rehearsal for Russia\u2019s annual May 9 World War II Victory Day parade in Red Square, troops practice goose-stepping while tanks, missile launchers, and other armored vehicles roll past a select audience toward St. Basil\u2019s Cathedral. \nRussia will show off its latest hardware, new missile defense systems for Russia\u2019s Baltic Fleet and Arctic troops, as well as debut President Vladimir Putin\u2019s \u201cYouth Army,\u201d or Yunarmiya. \nPutin ordered the creation of the military\u2019s \"patriotic\" youth organization in 2015. From just 100 members a year ago, the so-called Yunarmiya Patriotic Movement has grown to more than 30,000, aged between 11 and 18. Analysts say Yunarmiya is the Kremlin's latest effort to encourage support from Russia's next generation. \n\u201cThe truth is that Yunarmiya (Youth Army) is a sort of preventive work. Preventive work against involvement of young people of Russia into the protest movement,\u201d says Carnegie Moscow Center\u2019s Andrei Kolesnikov. \nIts debut comes just weeks after nationwide anti-corruption protests that had a large turnout of Russian youth. The unauthorized protests on March 26 surprised many with their defiance, scale, and quantity of students.\nRussia's military-patriotic movement Yunarmiya cadets march during a rehearsal for the Victory Day military parade at Red Square in Moscow, May 7, 2017.\nOpposition leader Alexei Navalny called for the demonstrations after his anti-corruption group released an investigation online alleging Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev was hiding enormous wealth. Medvedev gave no initial response to the allegations, but later dismissed them as fantasy.\nDespite minimal coverage in the dominant state media, tens of thousands took part and hundreds were detained in Moscow, including 20-year-old political science major David-Viktor Ratkin.\n\u201cIt was rather easy to get the information if you are a user of social networks,\u201d says Ratkin standing outside the gates of the Peoples' Friendship University. \u201cThe older generation are not internet users and get most of their information from television that doesn't give protests any coverage.\u201d\nLuring the young away from protest movements\nThe Kremlin has backed numerous efforts to encourage support and loyalty among Russian youth.\n\u201cThese organizations, I mean Nashi, Young Guard, United Russia\u2019s (branch for young people of the ruling party), now play a less significant role,\u201d says Kolesnikov. \u201cNew political manipulators just detect new methods of working with young people because these [old] forms do not quite work.\u201d\nFILE - Police detain a protester in downtown Moscow, Russia, March 26, 2017. The threat of a rising protest movement in Russia has been a driving force behind the creation of patriotic programs for young people.\nPro-Kremlin groups have been reaching out online to Russian youth with anti-Western propaganda. \nBut Putin's Youth Army raises concerns that authorities are looking to militarize a generation of nationalists. \n\u201cOne should certainly be on the alert about that,\u201d says Kolesnikov. \u201cThere are nationalist organizations of young people not under the auspices of the Kremlin. But it seems to me the Kremlin, so far, is losing in this field of the direct struggle between the pro-Kremlin youth and anti-Kremlin one.\u201d\nStudents posted videos in late March of them challenging teachers who warn pupils not to join opposition protests or complain about corruption. \nBut while some of Russia\u2019s urban youth are stirring, they remain a minority.\n\u201cYoung people are quite strongly indoctrinated with Putinism,\u201d says Kolesnikov. \u201cMany young people are quite willing to support Putin in the sense that they have lived only a certain amount of years and do not remember anyone but Putin.\u201d\nPutin has been in power nearly 17 years and is widely expected to run for president again in 2018 with few real challengers. Navalny announced his campaign for president in late 2016, but a Russian court ruling last week upholding an embezzlement conviction could stop him from standing for election. Navalny wants to take the case to the European Court of Human Rights.\nRussian military cadets hold a giant replica of the Soviet flag as part of preparations for Victory Day, in Saint Petersburg, Russia, May 5, 2017. There are concerns that by involving youth in organizations like Yunarmiya, Russian authorities are looking to militarize a new generation of nationalists.\n\u201cI am glad that people stopped being indifferent about their country's future and started to protest,\u201d says student protester Ratkin. \u201cBut my forecast is not optimistic because the majority of the population are couch potatoes, not doing anything, and supporting the course of the present authorities.\u201d\nRussian authorities apparently do not want to take any chances. \nThe Kremlin\u2019s message with these annual shows of military strength is clear, Russia is prepared to defend itself and its interests. But, introducing its so-called Youth Army at this year\u2019s parade underscores a growing concern for the Kremlin - the need to cultivate support among a younger generation of Russians. \nRicardo Marquina Montanana contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "Russia's military-patriotic movement Yunarmiya cadets march during a rehearsal for the Victory Day military parade at Red Square in Moscow, May 7, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/AEFDCA1A-58D6-4678-A310-B41C0D29F1DB.jpg",
        "id": "22345_1",
        "answer": [
            "Youth Army",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Yunarmiya"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_08_3842885",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_08_3842885_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What places did the person on the left of the image talk with?",
        "context": "US Allies Optimistic About Political Solution to Syrian Conflict \nU.S. allies said after a meeting Friday with Secretary of State Rex Tillerson they were encouraged the United States would support a political solution to the Syrian conflict.\n\"All the participants want a political solution because a military solution alone won't lead to peace in Syria,\" German Foreign Minister Sigmar Gabriel told reporters in Bonn, where the G-20 summit is under way.\nTillerson met for the first time on the sidelines at the gathering with about a dozen Western and Arab countries as well as Turkey.\nU.S. Syria policy \nBefore the meeting, diplomats were seeking clarity on whether the new U.S. administration of President Donald Trump had changed its policy on Syria, particularly regarding the future of President Bashar al-Assad.\nUnder the previous administration of President Barack Obama, the U.S. insisted Assad had to go, putting the U.S. at odds with Russia - which supports the Syrian leader.\nTrump has emphasized closer cooperation with Russia in combating Islamic State in Syria.\nRussia, whose influence in the conflict has grown, hosted separate peace talks in Kazakhstan with Turkey, brokering a fragile six-week truce between Syria's warring factions.\nGerman Foreign Minister Gabriel said \"like-minded\" nations agreed to increase pressure on Russia to support a political solution and reaffirmed there could be no alternative to United Nations-led talks. A new round of the talks involving the Syrian regime and rebel representatives has been scheduled for February 23 in Geneva.\nSecretary of State Tillerson also met Friday with Chinese counterpart Wang Yi for the first time and urged China to help assert more control over North Korea after a series of nuclear and ballistic missile tests.\nA man watches a TV news program showing a photo published in North Korea's Rodong Sinmun newspaper of North Korea's \"Pukguksong-2\" missile launch, at Seoul Railway station in Seoul, South Korea, Feb. 13, 2017.\nNorth Korea nuclear threat \nActing State Department spokesman Mark Toner said Friday in Bonn that Tillerson \"highlighted the increasing threat posed by North Korea's nuclear and missile programs and urged China to use all available tools to moderate North Korea's destabilizing behavior.\"\nWang told Tillerson that the U.S. and China have joint responsibilities to maintain global stability, according to a statement form China's Foreign Ministry. Wang also said common interests between the two countries far outweigh their differences.\nThe Russian foreign minister Sergey Lavrov, right, and US Secretary of State Rex Tillerson stand together during the G-20 Foreign Ministers meeting in Bonn, Germany, Feb. 16, 2017.\nUkraine \nAfter meeting Thursday with Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov, Tillerson said the U.S. could collaborate with Russia if it honored its commitment to help end the crisis in Ukraine.\nTillerson is attending his first G-20 meeting, hosted by Foreign Minister Gabriel, who has been a vocal critic of some of Trump's policies.\nThe G-20 countries account for about 85 percent of the world economy and two-thirds of the global population.\nThe Bonn meeting is a precursor to a G-20 summit scheduled for July in Hamburg in what may be the first time Trump meets Putin in person.\n",
        "caption": "The Russian foreign minister Sergey Lavrov, right, and US Secretary of State Rex Tillerson stand together during the G-20 Foreign Ministers meeting in Bonn, Germany, Feb. 16, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D2FE4D55-FE55-43D9-B313-BCE19B15CB08.jpg",
        "id": "33594_3_2",
        "answer": [
            "a dozen Western and Arab countries as well as Turkey"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Tillerson"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_17_3728895",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_17_3728895_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What things do the people in the image want?",
        "context": "In Photos: Women March in US, Overseas\nHundreds of thousands of women in the United States and around the world are marching on Jan. 21 to send a message to President Donald Trump on his first full day in office that women\u2019s rights are human rights. Protesters are calling for racial and gender equality, affordable health care and abortion rights \u2014 issues they fear will be under threat during the Trump presidency.\n",
        "caption": "Gloria Steinem, center right, greets protesters at the barricades before speaking at the Women's March on Washington during the first full day of Donald Trump's presidency, Jan. 21, 2017 in Washington. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/C24FD4C7-70C3-4433-BC8F-147386C14968.jpg",
        "id": "9811_2",
        "answer": [
            "racial and gender equality, affordable health care and abortion rights",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "protesters"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_21_3686038",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_21_3686038_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in the image suggest?",
        "context": "6 Countries, Including Saudi Arabia, Egypt, UAE Cut Diplomatic Ties With Qatar\nSaudi Arabia, Egypt, Bahrain, the United Arab Emirates, Yemen and Maldives cut diplomatic ties Monday with Qatar, accusing it of supporting terrorism.\nQatar's Foreign Affairs Ministry said the measures are \"unjustified and are based on baseless and unfounded allegations.\"\nThe countries said they would withdraw their diplomatic staff from gas-rich Qatar and cut air and sea traffic to the country. Qatar Airways announced a suspension of flights to Saudi Arabia.\nEgypt gave the Qatari ambassador 48 hours to leave Cairo, while the Persian Gulf states gave Qatari citizens 14 days to leave their countries.\nSaudi Arabia, which leads a coalition of nations fighting in support of Yemen's government, also said Qatar's forces would be withdrawn from that fight.\nQatar, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Bahrain, and the United Arab Emirates\nThe Saudi state-owned SPA news agency said Qatar \"embraces multiple terrorist and sectarian groups aimed at disturbing stability in the region, including the Muslim Brotherhood, Islamic State, and al-Qaida, and promotes the message and schemes of these groups through their media constantly.\"\n\"Qatar has been exposed to an instigation campaign based on allegations that amounted to absolute fabrications, which proves that there are premeditated intentions to cause damage to the state,\" Qatar's Foreign Ministry said. It further accused the nations involved of seeking to impose \"guardianship\" over Qatar.\nUS offers help to address tensions\nU.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson said he does not expect Monday's actions to have an impact on the fight against terrorism in the region or globally. He urged all of the parties to address their disagreements.\n\"I think what we're witnessing is a growing list of some irritants in the region that have been there for some time,\" Tillerson said, \"and obviously they have now bubbled up to a level that countries decided they needed to take action in an effort to have those differences addressed.\"\nFILE - U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson shakes hands with a participant as he attends a signing ceremony between U.S. President Donald Trump and Saudi Arabia's King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud at the Royal Court in Riyadh, May 20, 2017. Tillerson has offered U.S. assistance in addressing tensions that have arisen out of Qatar's diplomatic isolation.\nTillerson said that if there's any role the U.S. can play \"in terms of helping them address those\" issues, \"we think it is important\" that the Gulf Cooperation Council \"remain unified.\"\nDana Shell Smith, the U.S. ambassador to Qatar, also shared messages on Twitter that she and her embassy's account originally wrote in October 2016 expressing U.S. support for Qatari efforts to combat terrorist financing.\nThe U.S. military's Central Command maintains a presence at the al-Udeid Air Base in Qatar.\nHints of Monday's six-nation split with Doha emerged last month when Qatar contended that hackers were behind the release of false remarks attributed to Emir Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al-Thani, the Qatari leader, that were published on the Qatar News Agency website.\nThe reports quoted him questioning U.S. hostility towards Iran, claiming \"tensions\" between Qatar and the United States and suggesting President Donald Trump might not remain in power for long.\nQatar said it had been the victim of a \"shameful cybercrime.\" Despite Doha's official denial, media outlets in several Gulf countries reported the emir's comments as fact.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson shakes hands with a participant as he attends a signing ceremony between U.S. President Donald Trump and Saudi Arabia's King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud at the Royal Court in Riyadh, May 20, 2017. Tillerson has offered U.S. assistance in addressing tensions that have arisen out of Qatar's diplomatic isolation.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/5EC34C81-37FB-4D74-985E-903A546C21D8.jpg",
        "id": "4517_3",
        "answer": [
            "President Donald Trump might not remain in power for long",
            "urged all of the parties to address their disagreements"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Qatar",
            "Rex Tillerson"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_05_3887058",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_05_3887058_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What happened to the person in the image with the grey shirt?",
        "context": "Brady's Jersey Stolen Again, This Time in Fun at Fenway Park\nTom Brady's Super Bowl jersey was stolen again - this time by Rob Gronkowski in full view of 37,000 screaming Red Sox fans.\nThe New England Patriots quarterback was showing off the recently re-acquired uniform top during the pregame ceremony on opening day at Fenway Park on Monday when Gronkowski ripped it out of his hands. Brady chased him around the infield and playfully tackled him in right field.\nThe Patriots said it was the same jersey that had been stolen out of their locker room in Houston after the Super Bowl victory over the Atlanta Falcons in February.\n\"That was awesome seeing those guys out there,\" said Boston outfielder Andrew Benintendi, whose three-run homer propelled the Red Sox to a 5-3 victory over the Pirates in a rematch of the first World Series, in 1903. \"I grew up watching them and still do. It was cool to see them all out there.\"\nBrady got the jersey back at owner Robert Kraft's home in suburban Brookline earlier Monday . \"It took an international trip,\" Kraft said in the video that was tweeted out on the team's account.\nThe Patriots brought all five of their Vince Lombardi trophies out for the first pitch ceremony, coming out from behind a giant American flag draped over the Green Monster. Joining Brady, Gronk and Kraft were James White, who scored the winning touchdown in the Super Bowl in overtime, and fellow running back Dion Lewis.\nThe other players wore their blue uniform tops, but Brady walked out in the white one from the Super Bowl before he pulled it off and began waving it around.\nGronkowski jumped behind him and snatched it away.\n\"It was fun. They were kind of making fun of the whole jersey-taking thing,\" said Red Sox outfielder Jackie Bradley Jr., who started the winning burst with a fifth-inning triple. \"It was good seeing some champions out there. And they definitely know a lot about winning.\"\nBrady threw out the first pitch to Red Sox star Dustin Pedroia - like the Patriots quarterback, the longest tenured player on his team - before the two embraced. Even the Pirates enjoyed the pregame shenanigans.\n\"It was pretty hard not to,\" said Pittsburgh starter Gerrit Cole. \"Tom Brady is on the field, and he's tackling Gronk. It's a pretty special environment. I'll probably forget everything after the fourth inning.\"\nThe Patriots tweeted a video earlier on Monday showing Kraft presenting his star with two No. 12 Super Bowl jerseys that had been missing. (Another had disappeared after the 2015 Super Bowl.)\nKraft thanked the authorities who found the jerseys while searching the property of Mexican media executive Martin Mauricio Ortega. He has not been charged.\n",
        "caption": "New England Patriots quarterback Tom Brady, top, tackles teammate Rob Gronkowski after he ran with Brady's recovered Super Bowl jersey as they joke around during Boston Red Sox Home Opening Day ceremonies at Fenway Park, April 3, 2017, in Boston.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/DF345ADE-683A-4986-ADFF-C193D57B5A40.jpg",
        "id": "5972_1",
        "answer": [
            "Tom Brady\u2019s Super Bowl jersey was stolen again",
            "jersey was stolen again"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Tom Brady ",
            "Tom Brady"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_04_3795239",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_04_3795239_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the person with glasses on the screen in the image keep doing?",
        "context": "US House Passes Bipartisan Effort to Strengthen North Korea Sanctions\nCAPITOL HILL \u2014\u00a0\nStrengthened U.S. sanctions that would intensify financial pressures on North Korea advanced one step closer to becoming law Tuesday.\nThe House of Representatives passed legislation by a special majority vote that would support the Trump administration's calls for a tougher approach to the North Korean regime.\n\"This legislation gives the administration powerful new tools to protect the U.S. and our allies from the threat of North Korean nuclear missiles by going after those who enable the regime's aggression,\" said House Foreign Affairs Chair Ed Royce, the bill's co-sponsor.\n\"This shows the world that Congress stands ready to help the administration work with our allies and others to counter the North Koreans' belligerent behavior,\" added the California Republican.\nFILE - House Foreign Affairs Committee Chairman Rep. Ed Royce, R-Calif., speaks on Capitol Hill in Washington, Jan. 7, 2016..\nSanctions in bill\nThe sanctions would increase North Korea's financial isolation, targeting countries engaged in arms trade with North Korea and restricting the hard currency the regime earns through forced labor abroad. The bill would also require the Trump administration to determine within 90 days whether the government of North Korea should be redesignated as a state sponsor of terrorism.\nThe House action on sanctions follows weeks of increasing regional tensions, as President Donald Trump called for a more aggressive security posture in response to North Korean leader Kim Jong Un's repeated missile tests as he tries to build up the country's nuclear program.\nLast Friday, Secretary of State Rex Tillerson led a special United Nations Security Council meeting focused on strengthening sanctions against the regime.\nRoyce praised Tillerson's \"strategy of maximum pressure\" against North Korea during debate on the House floor Tuesday afternoon.\nThe bill garnered rare bipartisan support on Capitol Hill, with both Republican and Democratic members of the House Foreign Affairs Committee warning that North Korea's repeated missile tests advance its intercontinental striking capabilities.\nBut some Democratic members of the committee expressed concern about what they said was Trump's inconsistent approach to North Korea.\nFILE - U.S. Representative Eliot Engel, D-N.Y., speaks during a rally in New York, July 14, 2014.\n\"There's plenty of blame to go around for how we got here,\" said Representative Eliot Engel, the ranking Democratic member on the Foreign Affairs Committee, referring to attempts by previous U.S. presidents to address the North Korean threat.\n\"However, I fear the administration's inconsistency in recent weeks has thrown fuel to the fire,\" Engel said. \"We're sending mixed signals and the world is taking notice. Inconsistency on national security matters is not a foreign policy strategy that will succeed.\"\nMixed signals\nTrump called Kim a \"pretty smart cookie\" Monday, saying he would be willing to meet with the North Korean leader under the appropriate circumstances. The administration has also sent mixed signals in negotiations with ally South Korea, and with a confusing claim that a U.S. aircraft carrier had been sent to the region.\nBut a classified administration briefing on North Korea last week drew bipartisan praise from House members, with many urging the White House to increase diplomatic pressure on China to assure regional security.\n\"The time has come to tighten the noose on little Kim,\" said Representative Ted Poe, a Republican from Texas who chairs the House Foreign Affairs terrorism, nonproliferation and trade subcommittee. \"We have to choke off the sources of his ill-gotten gains, and these sanctions do that.\"\nThe bill now moves to the Senate, where it is expected to pass. \n",
        "caption": "A TV screen shows images of U.S. President Donald Trump, left, and North Korean leader Kim Jong Un during a news program at the Seoul Railway Station in Seoul, South Korea, May 2, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/08A002B4-D8C4-4F4F-B3A6-C892C6BA6583.jpg",
        "id": "20982_1",
        "answer": [
            "missile tests",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Kim Jong Un"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_02_3835129",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_02_3835129_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person without glasses in the image get?",
        "context": "World Leaders Congratulate Macron on French Election Win\nU.S. President Donald Trump on Monday congratulated France's President-Elect Emmanuel Macron on his victory.\nWhite House spokesman Sean Spicer said Trump called Macron on the phone to offer his congratulations. Trump tweeted on Sunday that he looks forward to working with Macron.\nThe U.S. leader had not publicly endorsed either French candidate ahead of the election, but let it be known he generally favored the views of Marine Le Pen, Macron's rival.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;Congratulations to Emmanuel Macron on his big win today as the next President of France. I look very much forward to working with him!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/861300169438113793\\\"\\u0026gt;May 7, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nLeaders from around the world and other political heavyweights have sent congratulatory messages to Macron.\nFormer U.S. presidential candidate Hillary Clinton, American civil rights leader Jesse Jackson and New York mayor Bill de Blasio, among others, congratulated Macron and the people of France for the presidential election result.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;Victory for Macron, for France, the EU, \\u0026amp;amp; the world. Defeat to those interfering w/democracy. (But the media says I can%27t talk about that)\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Hillary Clinton (@HillaryClinton) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/HillaryClinton/status/861317789537193988\\\"\\u0026gt;May 7, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\n\u201cYour victory is a victory for a strong and united Europe and for French-German friendship,\" German Chancellor Angela Merkel's spokesman said in statement.\nFILE - German Chancellor Angela Merkel arrives for an EU summit at the Europa building in Brussels on Thursday, March 9, 2017.\nMacron spoke with Merkel after his victory was announced, telling her that he would travel to Berlin \u201cvery quickly.\u201d\nA British spokesman for Prime Minister Theresa May said in a statement that May \u201cwarmly congratulates President-elect Macron on his election success. France is one of our closest allies and we look forward to working with the new President on a wide range of shared priorities.\"\nFILE - Britain's Prime Minister Theresa May welcomes Head of the European Commission, President Jean-Claude Juncker to Downing Street in London, April 26, 2017.\nMay also discussed Brexit with Macron, saying \"the UK wants a strong partnership with a secure and prosperous EU once we leave,\" the spokesman added.\nEuropean Union leaders also offered congratulations to Macron: \"Happy that the French chose a European future,\" European Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker wrote on Twitter.\nEU Council President Donald Tusk said the French had chosen \"liberty, equality and fraternity\" and \"said no to the tyranny of fake news.\"\nIn a message posted Monday on the Kremlin website, Russian President Vladimir Putin congratulated Macron and called on him to \"overcome mutual mistrust and unite to ensure international stability and security.\"\nFILE - Russian President Vladimir Putin gestures as he speaks to the media after his talks with German Chancellor Angela Merkel at Putin's residence in the Russian Black Sea resort of Sochi, Russia, May 2, 2017.\nPutin said, \"The citizens of France have entrusted you to lead the country in a period that is difficult for Europe and for all of world society. The growing threat of terrorism and militant extremism is accompanied by an escalation of local conflicts and the destabilization of entire regions.\"\nThe Kremlin said Putin told Macron the Russian leader is ready to cooperate on bilateral, regional and global issues.\nJapanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe said \"the victory of President-elect Macron is a symbolic victory against inward-looking and protectionist moves and shows a vote of confidence in the EU.\"\nChinese President Xi Jinping said in his message to Macron that China is willing to push partnership with France to a higher level. Xi said their countries share a \"responsibility toward peace and development in the world.\"\nFILE - Chinese President Xi Jinping adjusts his jacket during the opening session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) was held in Beijing, China, March 3, 2017.\nXi recalled that France was the first Western power to establish diplomatic relations with communist-ruled China in 1964.\nOther world leaders from Canada to Latin America to Australia also congratulated Macron on his historic victory.\nMacron, the youngest French leader since the Emperor Napoleon, will take office on May 14, 2017.\n",
        "caption": "Outgoing French President Francois Hollande (R) reaches out to touch President-elect Emmanuel Macron, as they attend a ceremony to mark the end of World War II at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier at the Arc de Triomphe in Paris, May 8, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/78FC29B7-C06E-403D-AEE3-CD5C3A77353D.jpg",
        "id": "8335_1",
        "answer": [
            "congratulatory messages",
            "congratulations"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Emmanuel Macron",
            "Macron"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_08_3842193",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_08_3842193_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What would help the person second to the right in the image?",
        "context": "Macron Seen Winning French TV Debate, Clashes With Le Pen\nPARIS \u2014\u00a0\nCentrist Emmanuel Macron solidified his status as frontrunner in France's presidential election on Monday in a televised debate during which he clashed on immigration and Europe with his main rival, far-right leader Marine Le Pen.\nA snap opinion poll showed Macron, a former economy minister who has never run for public office before, was seen as the most convincing among the top five contenders in a marathon debate of nearly three and a half hours that delivered no knock-outs.\nThe debate, and the two others that will follow ahead of the April 23 first round, are seen as key in an election in which nearly 40 percent of voters say they are not sure who to back.\n'Twisting the truth'\n\"You are failing (voters) by twisting the truth,\" Macron told Le Pen when she talked about a rise of radical Islam in France and said he was in favor of the burkini, a full-body swimsuit worn by some Muslim women that stirred much controversy in France last summer.\nLater in the debate, National Front leader Le Pen mocked Macron, saying, of his comments: \"It's completely empty. I want to attract the French people's attention to the fact that every time you talk, you say a bit of this, a bit of that, and never decide.\"\nOpinion polls have for weeks shown Le Pen and Macron, an independent centrist who used to be Socialist President Francois Hollande's economy minister, pulling away from the pack in an election full of twists and turns which is taking place against a backdrop of high unemployment and sluggish growth.\nTwenty-nine percent of viewers thought Macron was the most convincing, ahead of firebrand leftist Jean-Luc Melenchon with 20 percent, while Le Pen and conservative Francois Fillon were tied in third place, a snap survey conducted online by Elabe pollsters towards the end of the debate showed. Socialist candidate Benoit Hamon came in last.\nAfter the surprise of Britain's Brexit vote and the election of Donald Trump in the United States, markets are nervous about the possibility of a Le Pen victory. She is pledging to take France out of the euro and hold a referendum on EU membership.\nRunoff\nOnly the top two candidates go through to the runoff, where polls show Macron easily beating Le Pen.\nBut with so many voters undecided and polls showing the abstention rate could be higher than ever in France, the level of uncertainty remains high. A high abstention rate could benefit Le Pen as polls consistently show that her supporters are the most certain of their vote.\nFillon, a one-time front-runner who has fallen back over by a scandal surrounding the employment of his wife as a parliamentary assistant, has been put under formal investigation, a first for a French presidential candidate.\nBut the scandal, which has dominated the campaign for weeks, occupied relatively little time in the debate.\nFillon, a former prime minister, himself alluded to the scandal, saying: \"I may have committed some errors, I have faults, who doesn't, but I am experienced.\"\nMacron, a former investment banker, came under criticism for private donations made to his campaign when Hamon suggested he could fall under the influence of lobbies in the pharmaceutical, banking or oil industry.\nMacron retorted that he was the only candidate who was not funded by public money, since his party is new and had not yet benefited from public subsidies. \"I pledge to be controlled by no one,\" he said.\n\"The traditional parties, those that have for decades failed to solve yesterday's problems, won't be able to do it tomorrow either,\" said Macron, who made a name for himself by criticizing sacred cows of the French \"social model\" such as the 35-hour workweek.\nOpposition to EU\nLe Pen repeatedly stressed her opposition to the European Union, saying she did not want to see France become a \"vague region\" of the bloc. \"I don't want to be the vice chancellor of Angela Merkel,\" she said, referring to the German leader.\nThe TV debate was the top trending topic on Twitter in France on Monday before it even started. Television debates were key to Fillon's victory in the center-right primaries in November and to Benoit Hamon in the Socialist primaries in January.\n",
        "caption": "From left to right, Conservative presidential candidate Francois Fillon, Independent centrist presidential candidate for the presidential election Emmanuel Macron, Far-left presidential candidate for the presidential election Jean-Luc Melenchon, Far-right presidential candidate for the presidential election Marine Le Pen and Socialist candidate for the presidential election Benoit Hamon pose for a group photo prior to a television debate at French TV station TF1 in Aubervilliers, outside Paris, France, March 20, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/1F8F0AF0-79E1-4863-8838-4D1213C2FE0D.jpg",
        "id": "27932_1_3",
        "answer": [
            "A high abstention rate"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Le Pen"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_21_3775113",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_21_3775113_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "When do the people in the image start fighting?",
        "context": "Afghan Losses \u2018Shockingly High\u2019 as Taliban Gain Ground\nISLAMABAD \u2014\u00a0\nThe Taliban-led insurgency in Afghanistan has continued to inflict \u201cshockingly high\u201d casualties on government forces and brought more territory under its control or influence, a U.S. government agency said Monday.\nThe quarterly assessment by the Special Inspector General for Afghanistan Reconstruction, or SIGAR follows the April 19 Taliban attack on a major military base in the northern city of Mazar-i-Sharif. The assault killed more than 140 Afghan soldiers, though multiple independent sources reported a much higher death toll.\nSIGAR\u2019s report coincided with the beginning of the yearly Taliban \u201cspring offensive.\u201d The insurgent group captured another northeastern district during over the weekend and is threatening to seize others elsewhere in the country. \n\u201cAfghanistan remains in the grip of a deadly war. Casualties suffered by the Afghan National Defense and Security Forces (ANDSF) in the fight against the Taliban and other insurgents continue to be shockingly high: 807 were killed in the first six weeks of this year,\u201d the U.S. agency noted.\nAbout 6,785 Afghan soldiers and police personnel were killed while another 11,777 were wounded in the first 11 months of 2016, according to SIGAR, adding the Afghan government has not provided the U.S. military with data for the last seven weeks of that year.\nIn Afghanistan, the Taliban released to the media this picture, which it said shows the suicide bombers who attacked the army base in Mazar-i-Sharif, April 21, 2017.\nProgress assessment\nApproximately, 59.7 percent of the country\u2019s 407 districts were under Afghan government control or influence as of February 20, 2017, showing a slight 2.5 percentage point increase from the last quarter in mid-November, the U.S. agency reported Monday.\n\u201cThe number of districts under insurgent control or influence also increased by four this quarter to 45 districts\u201d in 15 Afghan provinces, according to SIGAR. It shows a slight increase in the number of the country\u2019s total districts under insurgent control or influence from about 10 percent to 11.1 percent.\nSIGAR is tasked to review tens of billions of dollars the United States has spent or is allocating to help rebuild war-shattered Afghanistan. The quarterly reports it compiles provide details about whether or not progress is being made and to highlight security challenges as well as rampant corruption threatening the reconstruction efforts.\nU.S. military officials have warned 2017 would be a tough year for Afghan security forces battling the Taliban and other insurgents. The fighting has also inflicted heavy losses among civilians. Conflict-related civilian casualties stood at more than 11,400, including around 3,500 deaths in 2016, according to the United Nations. The U.N. mission in Afghanistan has documented the deaths of more than 700 civilians in the first quarter of 2017.\n",
        "caption": "In Afghanistan, the Taliban released to the media this picture, which it said shows the suicide bombers who attacked the army base in Mazar-i-Sharif, April 21, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/26CF4FF2-01A4-4D7E-A9F2-458BCD08E846.jpg",
        "id": "12167_2",
        "answer": [
            "spring",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Taliban"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_01_3832732",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_01_3832732_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Why did the man in the image participate in the proposal that was just announced?",
        "context": "Senate Republican Health Care Plan Draws Criticism\nCAPITOL HILL \u2014\u00a0\nAfter weeks of closed-door negotiations, Senate Republicans unveiled a draft bill to overhaul America's health care system and replace \u201cObamacare,\u201d drawing criticism from Democrats and expressions of concern from some moderates as well as conservatives in their own party.\nIn what is seen as an attempt to make good on a longstanding Republican pledge to voters, the legislation would end the health care law's requirement that most Americans buy health insurance, phase out federal subsidies for purchasing a plan, and scale back funding for Medicaid, which covers health care costs for the poor and disabled.\n\u201cObamacare isn't working,\u201d said Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, a Kentucky Republican, referring to former President Barack Obama's signature 2010 health care law. \u201cIt's time to act.\u201d\nSenate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., writes \"Mean-er\" on a reported quote by President Donald Trump as Schumer responds to the release of the Republicans' healthcare bill, June 22, 2017.\nProvisions of bill\nThe Republican plan provides tax incentives to help Americans pay for health care and repeals most Obamacare taxes on higher-income Americans. Democrats have blasted the bill as a tax cut for the rich masquerading as a health care plan.\n\u201cIt cuts health care for those who need it most just to give a tax break to those who need it least,\u201d said Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, a New York Democrat.\nMcConnell is pressing for a Senate vote on the bill next week, before Congress adjourns for the July 4 Independence Day holiday. Democrats objected to rushing a vote on a bill written in secret without a committee hearing on its merits.\n\u201cI can certainly understand why Republican leaders do not want to give people time to see what's in this bill,\u201d said Democrat Patty Murray of Washington state. \u201cThey shouldn't get to jam it through without the public knowing good and well what they're up to.\u201d\nWATCH: Trump on health care act\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTrump Touts Republican Health Care Plan\nShare this video\n0:00:33\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:33\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 1.6MB\n360p | 1.9MB\n480p | 9.8MB\nRepublicans countered that a more deliberative, bipartisan process would have been possible if Democrats had joined them in the push to end Obamacare.\n\u201cGiven the refusal of our Democratic colleagues to participate in the process, this is the only way we can come to the rescue of the people who are being hurt by the meltdown of Obamacare,\u201d said Republican John Cornyn of Texas.\nThat message was echoed by President Donald Trump, who wrote on Twitter: \u201cDemocrats would do much better as a party if they got together with Republicans on Healthcare \u2026 Obstruction doesn't work!\u201d\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;Democrats would do much better as a party if they got together with Republicans on Healthcare,Tax Cuts,Security. Obstruction doesn%27t work!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/877474368661618688\\\"\\u0026gt;June 21, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nObama weighs in\nLater Thursday, President Obama posted on Facebook: \u201cThe Senate bill, unveiled today, is not a health care bill. It's a massive transfer of wealth from middle-class and poor families to the richest people in America. It hands enormous tax cuts to the rich and to the drug and insurance industries, paid for by cutting health care for everybody else.\u201d\nMillions of Americans have gained health care coverage since Obama signed the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act into law in 2010. And some of Obamacare's popular provisions, such as allowing young people to remain on their parents' health care policies until the age of 26, are retained in the Republican proposal.\nBut even Democrats acknowledge Obamacare's shortcomings, from spiraling costs of health care plans to a dwindling number of health care providers participating in exchanges across the nation.\nWhile Democrats insist Obamacare can be fixed and improved while retaining its core structure, Republicans have insisted on \u201crepeal and replace\u201d as the only solution.\nNow, Republican unity is being put to the test. Within hours of the proposal's unveiling, several Republicans signaled misgivings.\nNevada's Dean Heller, a moderate up for re-election next year, promised to read the proposed legislation, but, in a statement, said, \u201cI have serious concerns about the bill's impact on the Nevadans who depend on Medicaid.\u201d\nFILE - In this Feb. 14, 2017, photo, Sen. Dean Heller (R-N.V.) in Washington, on Capitol Hill, at a hearing.\nSome Republican misgivings\nAt the same time, four conservatives said they are \u201cnot ready\u201d to vote for the bill.\nRepublicans Ted Cruz of Texas, Mike Lee of Utah, Rand Paul of Kentucky and Ron Johnson of Wisconsin issued a joint statement saying, \u201cIt does not appear this draft as written will accomplish the most important promise we made to Americans: to repeal Obamacare and lower their health care cost.\u201d\nWith Republicans numbering 52 in the 100-member Senate, they can afford to have only two members not vote to pass the health care bill, given what is expected to be unified Democratic opposition.\nIf the Senate passes the Republican plan, focus would shift to the Republican-led House of Representatives, which last month passed its own health care bill that Trump is reported to have labeled \u201cmean.\u201d\nIf the House passes the Senate bill intact, it would go to the White House for Trump's signature.\nBut ultra-conservative House members are already hinting at dissatisfaction with the Senate proposal.\n\u201cReviewing the Senate #healthcare bill \u2014 looking forward to going to Conference,\" tweeted Freedom Caucus Republican Representative Mark Meadows, signaling an intention to press for changes in the Senate bill that, if adopted, would require a new round of votes in both houses of Congress.\nHealth care accounts for roughly one-sixth of the United States' economy.\nWayne Lee contributed to this report\n",
        "caption": "Senate Majority leader Mitch McConnell smiles as he leaves the chamber after announcing the release of the Republicans' healthcare bill which represents the party's long-awaited attempt to scuttle much of President Barack Obama's Affordable Care Act, at the Capitol in Washington, June 22, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/C0DDAF4B-DBFB-47DE-9ED7-BA8540770B2D.jpg",
        "id": "23736_1",
        "answer": [
            "Obamacare isn't working"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_22_3911424",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_22_3911424_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is being done to the person furthest to the left in the image?",
        "context": "Macron Seen Winning French TV Debate, Clashes With Le Pen\nPARIS \u2014\u00a0\nCentrist Emmanuel Macron solidified his status as frontrunner in France's presidential election on Monday in a televised debate during which he clashed on immigration and Europe with his main rival, far-right leader Marine Le Pen.\nA snap opinion poll showed Macron, a former economy minister who has never run for public office before, was seen as the most convincing among the top five contenders in a marathon debate of nearly three and a half hours that delivered no knock-outs.\nThe debate, and the two others that will follow ahead of the April 23 first round, are seen as key in an election in which nearly 40 percent of voters say they are not sure who to back.\n'Twisting the truth'\n\"You are failing (voters) by twisting the truth,\" Macron told Le Pen when she talked about a rise of radical Islam in France and said he was in favor of the burkini, a full-body swimsuit worn by some Muslim women that stirred much controversy in France last summer.\nLater in the debate, National Front leader Le Pen mocked Macron, saying, of his comments: \"It's completely empty. I want to attract the French people's attention to the fact that every time you talk, you say a bit of this, a bit of that, and never decide.\"\nOpinion polls have for weeks shown Le Pen and Macron, an independent centrist who used to be Socialist President Francois Hollande's economy minister, pulling away from the pack in an election full of twists and turns which is taking place against a backdrop of high unemployment and sluggish growth.\nTwenty-nine percent of viewers thought Macron was the most convincing, ahead of firebrand leftist Jean-Luc Melenchon with 20 percent, while Le Pen and conservative Francois Fillon were tied in third place, a snap survey conducted online by Elabe pollsters towards the end of the debate showed. Socialist candidate Benoit Hamon came in last.\nAfter the surprise of Britain's Brexit vote and the election of Donald Trump in the United States, markets are nervous about the possibility of a Le Pen victory. She is pledging to take France out of the euro and hold a referendum on EU membership.\nRunoff\nOnly the top two candidates go through to the runoff, where polls show Macron easily beating Le Pen.\nBut with so many voters undecided and polls showing the abstention rate could be higher than ever in France, the level of uncertainty remains high. A high abstention rate could benefit Le Pen as polls consistently show that her supporters are the most certain of their vote.\nFillon, a one-time front-runner who has fallen back over by a scandal surrounding the employment of his wife as a parliamentary assistant, has been put under formal investigation, a first for a French presidential candidate.\nBut the scandal, which has dominated the campaign for weeks, occupied relatively little time in the debate.\nFillon, a former prime minister, himself alluded to the scandal, saying: \"I may have committed some errors, I have faults, who doesn't, but I am experienced.\"\nMacron, a former investment banker, came under criticism for private donations made to his campaign when Hamon suggested he could fall under the influence of lobbies in the pharmaceutical, banking or oil industry.\nMacron retorted that he was the only candidate who was not funded by public money, since his party is new and had not yet benefited from public subsidies. \"I pledge to be controlled by no one,\" he said.\n\"The traditional parties, those that have for decades failed to solve yesterday's problems, won't be able to do it tomorrow either,\" said Macron, who made a name for himself by criticizing sacred cows of the French \"social model\" such as the 35-hour workweek.\nOpposition to EU\nLe Pen repeatedly stressed her opposition to the European Union, saying she did not want to see France become a \"vague region\" of the bloc. \"I don't want to be the vice chancellor of Angela Merkel,\" she said, referring to the German leader.\nThe TV debate was the top trending topic on Twitter in France on Monday before it even started. Television debates were key to Fillon's victory in the center-right primaries in November and to Benoit Hamon in the Socialist primaries in January.\n",
        "caption": "From left to right, Conservative presidential candidate Francois Fillon, Independent centrist presidential candidate for the presidential election Emmanuel Macron, Far-left presidential candidate for the presidential election Jean-Luc Melenchon, Far-right presidential candidate for the presidential election Marine Le Pen and Socialist candidate for the presidential election Benoit Hamon pose for a group photo prior to a television debate at French TV station TF1 in Aubervilliers, outside Paris, France, March 20, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/1F8F0AF0-79E1-4863-8838-4D1213C2FE0D.jpg",
        "id": "27932_1_1",
        "answer": [
            "formal investigation"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Fillon"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_21_3775113",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_21_3775113_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What things did the person holding the child in the image work on?",
        "context": "Outgoing Secretary of State Vows to Speak His Mind After Trump Inauguration\nSTATE DEPARTMENT \u2014\u00a0\nHave tweets on world affairs by President-elect Donald Trump since his election in November undermined the end of the tenure of the incumbent secretary of state?\nJohn Kerry on Thursday, at what he termed his final State Department news conference, declined to directly comment on what he said is \"effectively still politics.\" \nWith two more weeks in the job, Kerry said, \"I still have a couple of trips which are important and conversations I intend to be having on behalf of our country, things we still want to get done.\"\nAfter Trump's inauguration on January 20, \"I will have plenty of opportunity to speak out if I see fit and I will do it at the appropriate time,\" he added.\nKerry spent the bulk of his time at the State Department podium Thursday afternoon touting what he regarded as the administration's wide-ranging top foreign policy accomplishments, from the Iran nuclear deal to the Paris climate change agreement.\nFILE - U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry holds his granddaughter Isabel Dobbs-Higginson as he signs the Paris Agreement on climate change, April 22, 2016, at U.N. headquarters.\n\"Nobody can predict what choices this [next] administration is going to make,\" Kerry said. \"I think the question a lot of people ask is, \u2018Do they know?'\"\nTrump has made almost daily policy pronouncements \u2014 some of them radical departures from existing U.S. positions \u2014 on the Twitter social media platform, unsettling diplomats at home and abroad.\nThe Trump tweets, in 140 characters or less, are the antithesis of the traditional bureaucratic method of nuancing foreign policy through carefully written speeches and lengthy papers.\nKerry, who chaired the Senate's Committee on Foreign Relations for four years, expressed hope that \"solid thinkers and patriots\" would come forward and put their ideas on the table for the new administration.\nIn his most direct public comment yet about Trump's surprise victory over Hillary Clinton, who was Kerry's predecessor as secretary of state, the former senator said, \"It was a lot about people's disappointment with government, writ large.\"\nAsked if he thought Russian President Vladimir Putin directed the hacking of the Democratic National Committee during the presidential campaign, Kerry replied, \"I accept the judgment of the intelligence community that this went to the highest level\" of the Russian government.\nTrump has nominated Rex Tillerson to succeed Kerry at the State Department.\nFILE - ExxonMobil CEO and Secretary of State-designate Rex Tillerson gives a speech at the annual Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, Nov. 7, 2016.\nTillerson, who spent his entire career at one company in the oil and gas industry, if confirmed by the U.S. Senate, would become the first secretary of state with no prior government or military experience.\nTillerson is certain to be grilled during his January 11 confirmation hearing about his ties to Putin, about which powerful lawmakers from both parties have expressed concern.\nAs the chief executive officer of ExxonMobil, Tillerson in 2011 signed a $300 billion agreement with Russia for rights to drill for oil in the Arctic Ocean. But Obama administration sanctions imposed against Moscow three year later for the Kremlin's moves against Ukraine derailed the project.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry holds his granddaughter Isabel Dobbs-Higginson as he signs the Paris Agreement on climate change, April 22, 2016, at U.N. headquarters.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/8A6071C9-762E-47D5-8192-D66A15DBB190.jpg",
        "id": "27916_2",
        "answer": [
            "the Iran nuclear deal to the Paris climate change agreement"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Kerry"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_05_3664884",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_05_3664884_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "When did the bald person in the image govern?",
        "context": "3 Previous South Korean Presidents Also Faced Legal Proceedings\nSEOUL, SOUTH KOREA \u2014\u00a0\nSouth Korean prosecutors began questioning ousted president Park Geun-hye on Tuesday as a criminal suspect in a widening corruption investigation.\n.\nPark, 65, became South Korea's first democratically elected president to be removed from office this month when the Constitutional Court upheld her impeachment by parliament. She has not been charged but prosecutors have accused her of bribery and abuse of power. She has denied wrongdoing. Below are some details of previous presidents who faced legal proceedings:\nCHUN DOO-HWAN\nFILE - Former South Korean president Chun Doo-hwan, right, waves goodbye as he is escorted by a secret service agent outside the walls of Anyang Prison to a waiting car shortly after being released from the jail on a special pardon in Anyang, Dec. 22, 199\nChun Doo-hwan was president from 1980 to 1988. In 1995, he was accused of mutiny, treason and bribery, but he refused to appear at the prosecutors\u00e2\u20ac\u2122 office and instead traveled to his hometown. Then-President Kim Young-sam ordered his arrest and Chun was detained on Dec. 3, 1995. He was found guilty of mutiny, treason and corruption in August 1996. He was originally sentenced to death but was released, having spent just over two years at the Anyang Correctional Institution, near Seoul, in 1997 in a bid by Kim to promote \"national harmony.\"\nROH TAE-WOO\nFILE - A smiling former South Korean President Roh Tae-woo, with his wife Kim Ok-sook standing beside him, waves to his supporters and neighbors upon arrivial at his home after he was released from the Seoul prison in a vspecial amnesty, Dec. 22, 1997.\nRoh Tae-woo was president from 1988 to 1993. In 1995, he was accused of taking bribes from top businessmen during his term as president. He was convicted of treason, mutiny and corruption and sentenced to 22 and a half years in prison. A court of appeal reduced that to 17 years. He served just over two years in prison before being released by Kim in 1997, again to promote national harmony.\nROH MOO-HYUN\nFILE - Family members of former South Korean president Roh Moo-hyun bow for Roh in a funeral service at the Gyeongbok Palace near the presidential Blue House in Seoul, May 29, 2009.\nRoh Moo-hyun was president from 2003 to 2008. Prosecutors suspected him of involvement in a bribery scandal and he appeared for questioning on April 30, 2009. On May 23 the same year, Roh jumped to his death from a cliff near his home.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Former South Korean president Chun Doo-hwan, right, waves goodbye as he is escorted by a secret service agent outside the walls of Anyang Prison to a waiting car shortly after being released from the jail on a special pardon in Anyang, Dec. 22, 199",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/BF1A3EE1-2780-48A3-A1B2-7F0C6F3D33E3.jpg",
        "id": "15841_2",
        "answer": [
            "1980 to 1988",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Chun Doo-hwan"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_21_3775092",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_21_3775092_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Why are the people like those in the image fleeing?",
        "context": "IS Militants Trap Mosul Residents as Human Shields \nMOSUL \u2014\u00a0\nAbout 200 meters outside Mosul\u2019s Old City, you can hear the battle raging inside. But families, which typically flee Islamic State militants as soon as Iraqi forces get close, are no where to be seen.\nCivilians who did escape say fewer people are coming because IS militants are executing anyone they can catch and forcing the rest of the people to remain in their homes. Many people are in hiding, trapped as \u201chuman shields.\u201d\nFamilies say IS militants are stealing civilians' ID cards, a move that convinces some people to stay inside IS territories and unwittingly serve as \"human shields,\" March 29, 2017, in Hammam Alil, Iraq.\nBesides IS snipers, Mosul residents are victims of airstrikes, car bombs, sniper fire, and mortars from both sides. Civilian death tolls are soaring and nearly 290,000 people have fled.\nAs many as 8,000 people per day have arrived at camps surrounding Mosul in recent weeks, but officials say that number is decreasing because so many civilians are trapped.\nOutside a camp that serves as a make-shift bus station for fleeing families, children describe seeing their neighbors murdered by IS as they fled.\nChildren from New Mosul, an area that has seen mass civilian casualties, say they saw people shot and killed by IS militants as they ran away, March 29, 2017, in Hammam Alil, Iraq.\n\u201cWe ran away because we had no food and mortars were dropping on the houses,\u201d says 11-year-old Kamla. \u201cWe ran fast through the hills. So many people were shot dead behind us.\u201d\nThe past week has seen some of the most brutal fighting since operations to re-take Iraq from Islamic State militants began in October, and soldiers have been battling at the edges of Mosul\u2019s Old City for weeks.\nSoldiers prepare weapons to fire at IS as helicopters shoot at militants from above, in Mosul, March 29, 2017.\nIraqi forces say fighting in the Old City requires them to enter on foot, while IS snipers hide out in buildings above. And while in previous battles, many militants have fled, IS is now holding its ground in its last stronghold in Mosul.\n\u201cBecause so many IS fighters remaining are foreign, the battles are fierce,\u201d says Lt. Col. Abdulamir al-Muhammadawi, of one of Iraq\u2019s elite front-line fighting forces, the Emergency Response Division. \u201cBut our soldiers are accomplishing our mission.\u201d\nA mortar falls across the street from a make-shift military base on the outskirts of Mosul's Old City, March 29, 2017.\nIn areas captured by Iraqi forces in the past few days, IS mortars and other weapons left behind indicate that when the militants are beaten, they are retreating fast.\nLast week, some Iraqi officials said operations would pause as suspected U.S.-led coalition airstrikes on civilian homes were investigated.\nMosul's Old City, seen through a sniper hole on the outskirts, is the scene of some of the fiercest fighting since operations to retake the city from IS militants began in October. Mosul, March 25, 2017.\nBut soldiers here in Mosul say they are not slowing down. And families say the death and destruction is so extreme that, more than anything else, they just want it to end.\n\u201cWe hid in our house for 10 days, terrified,\u201d says Najal Ismaili, a grandmother of 20, who fled her home on Wednesday. \u201cMay God banish the militants and cure us from this evil.\u201d\nIraqi forces fire at IS positions in Mosul, Iraq, March 29, 2017.\n",
        "caption": "Families say IS militants are stealing civilians' ID cards, a move that convinces some people to stay inside IS territories and unwittingly serve as \"human shields,\" March 29, 2017, in Hammam Alil, Iraq.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/794DE0E0-93F6-4F77-83D9-0F4E00A41F26.jpg",
        "id": "2287_1",
        "answer": [
            "Islamic State militants",
            "IS",
            "Iraqi forces get close"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Families",
            "families"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_30_3789560",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_30_3789560_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Whose names, besides the two main candidates, are on the piece of paper in the image that the woman is receiving?",
        "context": "Iran Awaits Presidential Vote Results; Rouhani Leads Early\nIran is counting ballots Saturday following a massive voter turnout for the presidential election.\nThe incumbent, President Hassan Rouhani is leading in the early returns, according to officials. \nPreliminary vote tallies have him ahead with 14.6 million votes, out of 25.1 million counted so far, The Associated Press reported. \nHis nearest challenger is hard-line cleric Ebrahim Raisi, with 10.1 million votes.\nVoting Friday, originally scheduled to end at 6 p.m., was extended to midnight to accommodate a crush of voters, with many standing in line for hours to cast their votes.\nMore than 60,000 polling stations operated around the country to serve Iran\u2019s 56 million eligible voters. Rouhani faced criticism from conservatives who have blasted his handling of Iran\u2019s economy and the nuclear deal he signed with the West.\nIranian men queue to vote for the presidential and municipal councils elections, in the city of Qom, south of the capital Tehran, Iran, May 19, 2017.\nRouhani banked his political future on Iran\u2019s landmark nuclear deal with the United States and other world powers, which led to the loosening of economic sanctions on Tehran. The incumbent president\u2019s main challenger, Raisi, has criticized the deal because it leaves in place sanctions on Iran\u2019s banking and financial services.\nPolitical analysts say Rouhani is the favored candidate. He also has history on his side: All incumbent presidents have won re-election since 1981.\nEarly vote count results indicate he has a strong lead.\nIranian President Hassan Rouhani, center, waves to his supporters as he is accompanied by Vice President for Women and Family Affairs Shahindokht Molaverdi in a campaign rally for the May 19 presidential election in Tehran, Iran, May 9, 2017.\nIf Rouhani fails to win a majority of the vote against the other three candidates, a runoff vote between the top two finishers would be held next week.\nConservative hard-liner Raisi has run on a largely economic platform, promising to create millions of jobs and fix Iran\u2019s 12.7 percent unemployment rate. He is seen by many as a favorite of Iran\u2019s supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, although the ayatollah has not endorsed him.\nFILE- Iranian cleric Ebrahim Raisi registers his candidacy for the May 19 presidential elections at the Interior Ministry in Tehran, Iran, April 14, 2017.\nIran\u2019s system of government, implemented after the 1979 Islamic Revolution, requires a religious panel\u2019s approval for any presidential candidates. While the supreme leader has ultimate say over Iran\u2019s state policies, the president still holds considerable influence in government.\nPro-reform candidate Mostafa Hashemitaba, who previously ran for president in 2001, and former culture minister Mostafa Mirsalim also were on the ballot Friday.\n",
        "caption": "A voter gets ballots to cast in the presidential and municipal council election at a polling station in the city of Qom, 78 miles (125 kilometers) south of the capital Tehran, Iran, May 19, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/AEEADCF4-3AF3-4F9D-AE99-ADBAA4D08C8F.jpg",
        "id": "26539_1",
        "answer": [
            "Pro-reform candidate Mostafa Hashemitaba, who previously ran for president in 2001, and former culture minister Mostafa Mirsalim "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "ballot"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_19_3861998",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_19_3861998_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the agency of the people in the image try to do?",
        "context": "Children Suffer Under Threat of Deportation, Advocates Say\nThe four children of undocumented farm worker Lucia de la Cruz dive into the bushes on their way home from school when they see anybody who might be an immigration agent.\n\"They live in fear,\" De la Cruz said, afraid they will be deported on the way to or from school in Homestead, Florida. Her children no longer want to attend classes.\n\"It's like a ghost that can separate us. I'm the only one left because their father was already deported,\" De la Cruz said.\nShe wants her children to grow up in the U.S., and not in her homeland of Guatemala where she fears the armed gangs that are there.\nBut \"imagine if I am deported; it is just like a death sentence. There is not much justice there,\" De la Cruz said.\nReports of recent crackdowns on illegal immigration have sparked alarm among advocates, citizens and immigrants in the United States, who worry about the effects on the children of undocumented parents.\nFILE - A Guatemalan woman stands inside a dormitory in a federal detention facility for undocumented immigrant mothers and children in Artesia, New Mexico, Sept. 10, 2014.\nWitnessing a loved one being arrested and deported may have significant effects on the mental health of children, says Lawrence Palinkas, a professor of social policy and health at the University of Southern California.\n\"The most common impact is anxiety and depression. Anxiety over the lack of stability and security in the family unit,\" Palinkas said. \"Certainly, children tend to observe very closely the behavior of parents.\"\nThe long-term impacts can vary, he added, from experiencing elevated levels of anxiety and fear to being more likely to report depressive symptoms during adulthood.\nTraumatic symptoms\nL.M., who asked to be identified only by initials, has been living in the U.S. for more than 17 years. She said her 10-year-old child has been \"very nervous lately,\" and wants to go \"with me wherever I go.\"\nSpeaking in Spanish, L.M. said the family of five is made of undocumented parents, two undocumented children and the 10-year-old, who is a U.S. citizen.\nSome immigrants have chosen to avoid sending their children to school. But L.M., who works as an immigration advocate in Virginia, refuses to take her daughter out of school and change the family's daily routine. When the 10-year-old comes home from school, she \"hugs me tightly and says how glad she is that nothing happened to me.\n\"She has been having nightmares. The nights she has bad dreams she refuses to sleep alone; she wants to sleep with me,\" L.M. said. \"She says sleeping with me is the only way she feels calm.\"\nPalinkas said symptoms, such as those described by L.M., can be directly related to stress. Other traumatic forms of behavior are acting out in school or at home, bed wetting, and difficulties in school or poor school performance.\n\"One way or another, any child under these circumstances is likely to be impacted,\" he said.\nThe American Psychological Association says reuniting deported parents with their children may take years due to difficult immigration regulations and financial barriers; the more complicated the reunification, the greater the likelihood that those children will suffer psychologically.\nFILE - People participate in a protest against U.S. President Donald Trump's immigration policy and the recent Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) raids in New York City, Feb. 11, 2017.\nTwo reports released in 2015 by the Migration Policy Institute and the Urban Institute show that the effects of a parent's deportation can be aggravated by economic and social instability and unauthorized status.\nPermanent separation\nAt the extreme end, the study reports, some families became permanently separated as parents lose contact or custody of children.\nThat's one of L.M.'s biggest fears.\n\"I don't want my child to go into the system. ... I don't want them to be up to adoption,\" she told VOA.\nL.M. and her husband have asked a relative to take care of their children in case something happens, and power of attorney papers have been signed.\n\"It's sad. For us, it was really sad to think about that. \u2026 We never asked for government benefits. We've always paid everything ourselves. ... We have done everything this country has asked us to do,\" she said.\nA spokeswoman for U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) acknowledged immigrants' fears of family separation.\nIn an email response to VOA, Jennifer Elzea said the agency \"is committed to ensuring that law enforcement activities, including detention and deportation, do not necessarily hamper the rights of foreign parents or guardians of minors.\"\nICE told VOA that parents presented with a deportation order must decide whether to bring their children with them.\nIf parents choose to have their American child accompany them, ICE tries to meet, as much as possible, the efforts of parents to make arrangements for their children.\n\"As practicable, ICE will coordinate to afford detained parents or legal guardians access to counsel, consulates and consular officials, courts, and/or family members in the weeks preceding removal in order to execute documents [e.g., powers of attorney, passport applications], purchase airline tickets, and make other necessary arrangements prior to travel,\" Elzea wrote in a statement.\nBut L.M. believes a 10-year-old should not be living in fear.\n\"[My daughter] is an American citizen, too. Does she [have] less value than the others?\" she asked.\nVOA's Jose Pernalete and Angelica Herrera contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - In this Feb. 9, 2017, photo provided U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, ICE agents are at a home in Atlanta, Georgia, during a targeted enforcement operation aimed at immigration fugitives, re-entrants and at-large criminal aliens.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/6DF69D2D-3C63-4516-BC6D-BB43DB3ACB76.jpg",
        "id": "20383_1",
        "answer": [
            "the efforts of parents to make arrangements for their children",
            "coordinate to afford detained parents or legal guardians access to counsel, consulates and consular officials, courts, and/or family members in the weeks preceding removal in order to execute documents [e.g., powers of attorney, passport applications], purchase airline tickets, and make other necessary arrangements prior to travel",
            "ensuring that law enforcement activities, including detention and deportation, do not necessarily hamper the rights of foreign parents or guardians of minors"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "ICE",
            "Immigration and Customs Enforcement"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_20_3774010",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_20_3774010_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "When do the people in the image meet?",
        "context": "Teen Musicians to Take Soulful Memphis Sound Anew to Europe\nMEMPHIS, TENN. \u2014\u00a0\nThe roster of American musicians was impressive: Otis Redding, Sam & Dave, Eddie Floyd, Booker T. and the MGs. They arrived in Europe in 1967, bringing with them the powerful, soulful Memphis Sound. Ahead was a tour with stops in London, Paris and elsewhere.\nThese artists from the Stax Records music studio captivated audiences with their music born from blues and gospel \u2014 a mesmerizing sound created from the black experience in the U.S. last century.\nFifty years later, a group of young musicians educated at Stax Music Academy are newly bringing the music of Memphis back to Europe. They are set to perform at festivals and music halls in England, France and Ireland from July 9 until July 22, joining Stax legends Mavis Staples and William Bell for a couple of shows.\nThe teenage musicians are eager to follow in the footsteps of their influential predecessors. Created in 2000, their academy is an after-school program for youngsters from some of Memphis' poorest neighborhoods who learn how to dance, sing and play instruments. They pay nothing to attend.\n\"Just to be able to say that I was part of this upcoming overseas tour, being able to sing songs by Otis Redding and William Bell, it's monumental not only for Memphis, but for Stax,\" said Johnathon Lee, a 17-year-old academy vocalist. \"To know that Stax music is still relevant today, and to know that was done in 1967, that's monumental as well.\"\nBefore it went bankrupt, Stax Records in Memphis generated some of America's most memorable soul music of the 1960s and 1970s, including songs like Redding's \"Dock of the Bay,\" Sam & Dave's \"Soul Man,\" Floyd's \"Knock on Wood,\" and Booker T. and the MGs' \"Green Onions.\" Driven by tight horn and rhythm sections and strong-voiced singers, the Memphis Sound had a raw, emotional quality to it. Some Stax songs were energetic and raucous, others smooth and sexy.\nStax had a sister record label called Volt, so when they put together the 1967 trip, it was called the Stax/Volt European Tour.\nThe tour came at a time when Stax was having trouble getting its music aired on larger U.S. radio stations because of racial issues during the civil rights era, said Al Bell, who at the time was the music label's national promotions director. So, when the Stax musicians hopped off a plane in London, they were surprised by the welcome they received.\n\"It stunned us. We didn't know how to act,\" Bell said. \"All these white people in the airport and everywhere, hollering about Stax, calling the artists' names.\"\nIn Paris, fans \"were going crazy\" over the Stax musicians, especially Redding, Bell said.\n\"If there was ever a question in my mind about our music being acceptable to the masses and to whites, Paris, France, removed that completely from my mind,\" he said.\nBell said Europeans told him that they viewed the music as an art form that comes from the African-American culture.\n\"And I'm saying, what?\" Bell said, laughing. \"We hadn't even thought about having a `culture,' let alone our music being considered an art form because it came out of slavery.\"\nWhen they returned to Memphis, the Stax artists used the momentum from the successful tour to churn out hits.\n\"When we came out of Europe, you couldn't tell us nothing,\" Bell said. \"Writers got to writing, producers got to producing. You couldn't get the musicians out of the studio.\"\nSome of the momentum stalled when Redding was killed in a plane crash in December 1967.\nBell later ran Stax before the company was forced into involuntary bankruptcy in 1975. Bell was indicted on bank fraud charges related to the company's demise, but was acquitted.\nThe glory days of Stax Records are gone, but the Stax Music Academy is going strong. About a dozen teenagers ranging in age from 15 to 18 will be on the Europe tour, and they've spent hours rehearsing in the academy's studios.\nIt will be the first time Lee will travel out of the country, and he's looking forward to staying in new places and eating foreign foods. He called the trip \"a big deal.\"\n\"I'm a little nervous, but I'm excited,\" Lee said. \"I'm ready to venture out.\"\n",
        "caption": "A group of Stax Music Academy musicians rehearse for their upcoming tour of Europe, in Memphis, Tennessee, June 30, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/2F96F2A9-ECD2-400C-80EC-20ABDEBF1610.jpg",
        "id": "8130_1",
        "answer": [
            "after-school"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "academy",
            "Stax Music Academy musicians"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_02_3925006",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_02_3925006_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What things are sent after the people from the image?",
        "context": "Iraqi Forces Retake Mosul University Campus\nIraqi forces have secured the sprawling Mosul University campus after a battle with Islamic State militants, officials said Saturday.\n\"We can say that the university has been liberated,\" Maan Saadi, a major general in the Counter-Terrorism Service (CTS), told AFP.\nSaadi added that the Iraqi forces might recapture the entire eastern side of the city within the \"next 10 days or so.\"\nIraqi forces said they also had secured three of Mosul's five bridges.\nSaadi said the Iraqi army had retaken about 85 percent of the eastern side of the city since the U.S.-led coalition began bombarding Mosul in December.\nOfficials said the forces were meeting with less resistance than they had previously. In just the past two weeks, the Iraqi army has retaken several districts on its way to reaching the Tigris River, which divides Mosul roughly in half.\n\"We were targeted with only four car bombs, where before [IS] would send 20 in one day,\" said special forces Lieutenant Zain al-Abadeen. \"And they aren't armored like before. They're just using civilian cars.\" \nIS extremists took control of Mosul about 2\u00bd years ago. Mosul is Iraq's second-largest city. \nMap and location of Mosul University\n",
        "caption": "Iraqi special forces advance inside Mosul University during fighting against Islamic State militants in the eastern side of Mosul, Iraq, Jan. 14, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/1DDF66A4-A92B-4184-B813-FDDAE04089CF.jpg",
        "id": "25757_1",
        "answer": [
            "car bombs"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "special forces"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_14_3676154",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_14_3676154_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person on the left of the image heading?",
        "context": "Trump: Friendship Between Leader of Russia Probe, Fired FBI Director 'Very Bothersome'\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nIn his first televised face-to-face interview in six weeks, President Donald Trump said it is \u201cvery bothersome\u201d that the man leading the probe into possible ties between his campaign and Russia is friends with former FBI Director James Comey.\nTrump told Fox News Channel's \u201cFox and Friends\u201d that special counsel Robert Mueller is \u201cvery, very good friends with Comey, which is very bothersome.\u201d\nThe president also suggested Mueller may have to step down at some point, saying \u201cwe'll have to see\u201d three times when asked if Mueller should recuse himself from the probe. Trump said he was concerned that Mueller had retained lawyers who had previously contributed to Democrats.\nThe Associated Press reports that Comey and Mueller are not known to be close friends, though, just because they served together in the Justice Department during the George W. Bush administration. Former federal prosecutor David Kelley says Mueller and Comey haven't visited each other's homes and rarely shared a meal together.\nLegal experts say their connection does not come close to meriting Mueller's removal as special counsel.\nWhite House press secretary Sean Spicer listens to a reporter's question during a briefing at the White House, June 20, 2017 in Washington.\nWhite House comment\nWhite House spokesman Sean Spicer told reporters later Friday while the president \u201cretains the authority\u201d to fire Mueller, \u201che has no intention of doing that.\u201d\nMueller, the FBI director before Comey, was appointed special counsel by the Justice Department to lead the investigation after Trump fired Comey, who was leading the Russia investigation at the time he was ousted. Mueller and several congressional committees are investigating Russian meddling in last year's election aimed at helping Trump win, and whether he obstructed justice.\nFor months, the president has dismissed the probes into Russian interference in the election, calling them a \u201cwitch hunt\u201d and saying they are an excuse by Democrats to explain Clinton's defeat.\nOne day after saying he does not have tapes of private conversations with Comey, the president told Fox he always told a \u201cstraight story.\u201d\nThe president has disputed Comey's claim that Trump asked the FBI director for a vow of loyalty during a private meeting. When Comey's account was publicized, Trump tweeted that Comey \u201cbetter hope that there are no \u2018tapes\u2019 of our conversations before he starts leaking to the press.\u201d\nRep. Mike Conaway, R-Texas, left, a member of the House Intelligence Committee, and Rep. Adam Schiff, D-Calif., ranking member of the House Intelligence Committee speak after closed meeting. June 6, 2017, in Washington.\nHouse committee action\nOn Friday, Republican Representative Mike Conaway, who is leading the House Intelligence Committee's investigation of the Russia probe, said Trump's tweet was not a sufficient response.\nAdam Schiff, the committee's top Democrat, said in a statement Thursday that Trump's Twitter comment stopped short of denying that the White House had tapes or recordings, and said the White House must respond in writing.\nRepresentatives for the two congressmen did not respond Friday to questions about whether the White House had met a June 23 deadline to provide the materials to the committee.\nSpicer said at a daily news briefing on Friday that the administration would respond.\nTrump also expressed hope that House Democratic Leader Nancy Pelosi remains in her leadership position because it is beneficial to Republicans.\n\u201cI hope she doesn't step down,\u201d he said. \u201cIt would be a very sad day for Republicans if she steps down.\u201d\nHouse Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi of California speaks to reporters on Capitol Hill in Washington after the Republican health care bill, a top-flight priority the party, passed the House, May 4, 2017.\nSpecial elections\nTrump cited this week's Republican victory in a special congressional election in the southeastern state of Georgia. Republican-funded campaign advertisements linked Democratic candidate Jon Ossoff with Pelosi, who often is criticized by Republicans for representing what they consider extremely liberal points of view.\nPelosi has been facing questions about her leadership since Democrats lost the hard-fought race.\nThe interview, conducted Thursday at the White House and aired Friday morning, comes as Trump considers reducing the number of media briefings to once per week and requiring reporters to submit written questions in advance.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Former FBI Director James Comey talks with his predecessor, Robert Mueller, before Comey was officially sworn into office in Washington, Sept. 4, 2013.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/3ED6B50B-E324-40B0-AA26-FD7DEB2109CF.jpg",
        "id": "30446_1",
        "answer": [
            "the House Intelligence Committee's investigation of the Russia probe"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Mike Conaway"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_23_3912928",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_23_3912928_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What are the people in the image frequently mixed up with?",
        "context": "Europe's Far-right Hails US Travel Ban\nPARIS \u2014\u00a0\nBlasted by mainstream leaders and embraced by the far right, the temporary U.S. travel ban has touched a raw nerve in Europe, before elections in several key European countries where immigration and security are hot-button topics.\nSome point to the border walls that have sprouted across the region and a controversial deal struck with Turkey as testament to the European Union's own fractured response to immigrants and asylum seekers.\nThe European Union \"is not in a good position to give opinions about the choices of others,\" Italian Foreign Minister Angelino Alfano told the Corriera della Sera newspaper this week.\nPopulist parties in Italy, which like Greece has faced waves of asylum seekers from Africa and the Middle East, see things differently.\n\"Only feminists, lawyers, dwarfs and ballerinas\" are against the U.S. ban, said Forza Italia party member Maurizio Gasparri.\nWashington says the temporary ban targeting Iran, Iraq, Syria, Yemen, Libya, Somalia and Sudan aims to give U.S. officials time to set up stronger screening procedures against potential terrorists.\nThreats within borders\nBut a sizable chunk of Western Europe's security threat is homegrown, experts note.\nFILE - Migrants wait in the cold and rain to be bused to temporary shelters in Paris. (L. Bryant/VOA)\nIn the case of the 2015 Paris attacks, \"the perpetrators were born here and went through our public school system,\" said far-right expert Jean-Yves Camus. \"They didn't come from Afghanistan or Syria. They wanted to take revenge on France, on a country they were citizens of.\"\nThat has not stopped right-wing parties from hailing the U.S. ban and calling for similar measures in Europe.\n\"Well done @Potus it's the only way to stay safe,\" tweeted Geert Wilders of the Dutch far-right Freedom Party, whose popularity is surging before March elections.\nIn Germany, which weathered several terror attacks, the right-wing National Democratic Party hailed the ban as barring \"pseudo refugees and Muslims.\"\nMeanwhile, in France, where far-right leader Marine Le Pen is expected to finish first in April's first round of presidential voting, a senior member of her National Front party suggested the country should follow America's example.\n\"Why not?\" FN Vice President Steeve Briois told Agence France-Presse.\nOther priorities\nOn Wednesday, Le Pen's campaign chairman, David Racheline, dialed back the remarks, saying a travel ban was not the party's top priority.\nA group of migrants from Sudan wait for transportation in temporary shelters in Paris, November 2016. (L. Bryant/VOA)\n\"We only said it was possible to do,\" Racheline told French radio. \"What we want to do first is re-establish our borders.\"\nMore practically, said expert Camus, a travel ban would be unworkable in France, where members of a large ethnic North African community regularly travel back and forth to their homelands.\nBut calls for immigration curbs are resonating in France and elsewhere in Europe. An August Ipsos poll found that 57 percent of French believe there are too many immigrants here already; more than six in 10 believe refugees are unable to integrate.\nJean-Francois Dubost, who heads Amnesty International France's population protection program, thinks those statistics tell only part of the story.\n\"People are confused about the difference between immigrants and refugees,\" Dubost said.\nWhile many French support the rights of those fleeing war and terrorism, he said, many also say in surveys that France cannot handle more refugees. \"But they cite economic concerns,\" he added, \"not security ones.\"\nEurope's immigration record also reflects the gap between rhetoric and practice. While Germany has welcomed hundreds of thousands of asylum seekers, a policy that has cost Chancellor Angela Merkel voter support, others have failed to live up to their refugee promises.\nLocal residents clear up the detritus of a dismantled tent camp in northern Paris, November 2016. (L.Bryant/VOA)\nSmaller numbers, border fences\nFrance, for example, has resettled only about 5,000 of the 30,000 asylum seekers it vowed to take in from Greece and Italy. Others, like Austria, Hungary and Macedonia, have built border fences.\nOn the whole, Europe has been \"a lot more generous\" than the United States in taking in refugees and migrants, said Ian Bond, director of foreign policy at the Center for European Reform in Brussels.\n\"We've been more generous in the amount of money given to support refugees in the Middle East and also in the number of people entering Europe,\" he added. \"So Europe still has some moral standing to say, 'We've done our best to cope with the refugee crisis in the Middle East.' \"\nYet he thinks Europe, too, will try to intensify surveillance cooperation and vetting mechanisms to weed out and send back potential terrorists, such as the Tunisian author of December's Berlin attack.\n\"How do we make sure we remove these people, but still keep our doors open to people who have a well-founded fear of persecution and deserve asylum?\" he asked. \"That's a hard balance to strike.\"\n",
        "caption": "Migrants wait to board a bus in Paris, France, November 2016. (L. Bryant/VOA)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/70E2168C-0D16-446B-932E-CED0DC41CD9A.jpg",
        "id": "23415_1",
        "answer": [
            "refugees"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "immigrants"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_01_3702292",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_01_3702292_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the person with the blue tie in the image have on them?",
        "context": "Top South African Jurists Urge Parliament to Stay in International Criminal Court\nJOHANNESBURG \u2014\u00a0\nTop legal scholars say the fight for South Africa to stay in the International Criminal Court is just beginning, a day after the government officially revoked its notice of intent to withdraw from the war crimes court.\nThat decision came after a South African court ruled last month that that notice, given by South Africa's Cabinet, was unconstitutional, and the matter needs to go through parliament. At the time, legal activists praised the ruling because they said it showed South Africa's commitment to following proper procedures.\nBut retired Constitutional Court justice Zak Yacoob says this is a hollow victory.\n\"That's not a victory for us, ultimately,\" he said Wednesday, during a news conference at which a top group of international jurists, including six retired members of South Africa's Constitutional Court, presented a submission to South Africa's parliament to remain in the International Criminal Court.\nFILE - South Africa's President Jacob Zuma delivers his State of the Nation address at Parliament in Cape Town, Feb. 13, 2014.\n\"Ultimately it doesn't matter in real, substantial terms whether we leave the process by not having followed the proper process or whether we leave having followed the proper process,\" he said. \"I suppose the first is marginally worse, but in the end, our view is that whether we follow the process or not, leaving will have catastrophic international consequences.\"\nThe ruling African National Congress, however, holds a strong majority and is firmly in favor of leaving.\nAl-Bashir disagreement\nSouth Africa announced its intent to leave the court in 2015, after a disagreement with the court over the government's refusal to act on an ICC arrest warrant for Sudan President Omar al-Bashir during an African Union summit he attended in Johannesburg.\nSudanese president Omar al-Bashir, 2nd from right, stands with other African leaders during a photo op at the AU summit in Johannesburg, June 14, 2015.\nAfrican nations have frequently accused the court of targeting Africans. The court disputes this charge and notes it is investigating situations in a number of countries, but has yet to try a case from a non-African nation.\nThe African Union voted last month to support any member who wanted to withdraw from the war crimes court. Only Burundi and South Africa have announced they will do so, after Gambia's new president reversed the previous president's decision to withdraw.\nArnold Tsunga, director of the Africa Regional Program of the International Commission of Jurists, says the court isn't perfect. Many critics say it is inefficient. Others say the court's reliance on the U.N. Security Council, which is allowed to refer cases to the court, is problematic since three of the five permanent members of the council do not belong to the international court themselves.\nFILE - Judges Sanji Mmasenono Monageng (C) , Sylvia Steiner (L) and Cuno Tarfusser (R) of the International Criminal Court (ICC) attend a meeting about Libya in The Hague, June 27, 2011.\nBut Tsunga says that as a leading democracy with a respected legal system, South Africa can play a better role reforming it from within.\nCalls for reform\n\"Coming out of the ICC, rather than reforming it and making it more efficient and fit for purpose in terms of tackling impunity, is not the way to go,\" he said. \"And I think it's not desirable, on the African continent, to have South Africa leading only a country like Burundi in the pursuit of impunity. ...I find that to be most unfortunate, because there's absolutely no way, no way at all, that the Burundian government and the danger that it presents to its citizens can be a country that can be in the same league as South Africa.\"\nYacoob says he will not give up, whatever parliament decides. The brief submitted by top jurists warns that if South Africa pulls out of the court, it will have no other legitimate venue to try serious international crimes.\n\"If parliament takes a decision to leave now, that for us, I think, is not the end of the matter,\" he said.\"Because then begins the campaign to persuade the country to join again.So ultimately, this is not a campaign which has an end.It doesn't end at the point when parliament makes its decision, even if it decides against us.We will continue with this campaign until there is victory.\"\nHe may have a long fight ahead of him. Parliament is scheduled to discuss the matter and South African authorities have been summoned to the Hague-based court on April 7 to explain their failure to arrest Bashir.\nThose proceedings may lift the curtain on the backstage machinations of the dramatic 48 hours that Bashir spent in South Africa, and how he managed to elude publicity and leave safely, despite a court order prohibiting his departure.\n\"I imagine the hearing will be quite interesting,\" said Kaajal Ramjathan-Keogh, executive director of the Southern Africa Litigation Center.\n",
        "caption": "Sudanese president Omar al-Bashir, 2nd from right, stands with other African leaders during a photo op at the AU summit in Johannesburg, June 14, 2015.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/43AEFEA8-A6B7-4F96-9329-B8FF1BBD5F48.jpg",
        "id": "8039_3",
        "answer": [
            "an ICC arrest warrant",
            "ICC arrest warrant"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Omar al-Bashir"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_08_3755266",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_08_3755266_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What was the person with the red tie in the image given?",
        "context": "Hungary Re-elects President Ader in Display of Orban's Dominance\nBUDAPEST \u2014\u00a0\nHungarian lawmakers comfortably re-elected ruling Fidesz party veteran Janos Ader as President for another five years on Monday, a sign of Prime Minister Viktor Orban's firm grip on power just over a year before a parliamentary election.\nThe 57-year-old Ader, a lawyer and long-time member of Orban's Fidesz party, has been a strong ally of Orban since being elected for the largely ceremonial role in 2012.\nLawmakers voted 131 in favor of extending Ader's term in a second round run-off after he failed to garner the required two-thirds majority in the first round. Leftist opposition candidate Laszlo Majtenyi, an Orban critic, received 39 votes.\n\"In little over a year you will all face a test. The noise of political debates will amplify over the coming months,\" Ader told parliament before the vote, telling lawmakers to put Hungary's interests first instead of political bickering.\nAder, a reserved career politician with a trademark moustache and a penchant for angling, had provided Orban with a solid backing for his political program apart from occasional road bumps at the most controversial reforms.\nHe had vetoed bills on mandatory voter registration and a proposal to hide nearly a billion euros of central bank funds from public scrutiny, dealing a blow to Orban ally Gyorgy Matolcsy, the Governor of the National Bank.\n\"The president's powers are rather limited and Ader is not expected to challenge the overall policy course of Fidesz,\" said Andrius Tursa at think tank Teneo Intelligence. \"As such, re-election of the incumbent will signal continued Fidesz dominance.\"\nOrban's Fidesz enjoys a comfortable lead in opinion polls, with the Socialist party and nationalist Jobbik vying for the post of Orban's main challenger at a parliamentary election due in April 2018.\nBut many people are undecided, and, in a sign of lurking discontent with Orban' go-it-alone style, an upstart political movement has torpedoed his effort for Budapest to host the 2024 Olympic Games.\nA core element of Orban's agenda to maintain support has been a tough stance on migration, and he is expected to stick to his policies.\nLast week Hungary passed a law to detain migrants in camps on its border, a step which the United Nations said violates European Union law.\n\"In order to distract public attention from pressing domestic problems, such as widespread corruption and the lack of structural reforms, Fidesz will continue to focus its rhetoric on external threats,\" Tursa said.\n",
        "caption": "Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban (C) congratulates re-elected Hungarian President Janos Ader (Front) in the presence of Ader's wife, Anita Herczegh (L), Deputy PM in charge of national politics Zsolt Semjen (Back C), and Fidesz faction leader Lajos Kosa (R) during the plenary session of the parliament in Budapest, Hungary, March 13, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/EDA4AD3E-9F6F-44CF-B821-2468C78F816F.jpg",
        "id": "33655_1_2",
        "answer": [
            "a solid backing for his political program"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Orban"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_13_3763743",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_13_3763743_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What prompted the use of the tech in the image?",
        "context": "Erdogan 'Seriously Saddened' US Supporting Syrian Kurdish Fighters \nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nTurkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan said Sunday his government is \"seriously saddened\" by television footage showing U.S. military forces operating alongside Syrian Kurdish fighters that Ankara views as terrorists and Washington believes are the most effective fighting force against Islamic State jihadists.\nTurkish forces last week launched airstrikes on Syrian Kurdish Peoples' Protection Units (YPG), which Ankara considers to be the Syrian affiliate of the Kurdistan Workers' Party, against which it has been waging a three-decade-long fight for control of southeastern Turkey.\nPeople gesture at a U.S military vehicle travelling in Amuda province, northern Syria, April 29, 2017.\nThe U.S. slammed the Turkish strikes, saying they were not approved by the U.S.-led coalition and \"led to the unfortunate loss of life of our partner forces.\"\nAfter the Turkish attack, the U.S. sent military vehicles with American flags to the Syrian side to patrol with YPG fighters, apparently to prevent further clashes.\n\"Unfortunately... the presence of an American flag along with the [insignia] of a terror organization called YPG in a convoy has seriously saddened us,\" Erdogan said in Istanbul before heading on a trip to India.\nTurkey and the United States, NATO allies, have long disagreed about the role of the Syrian Kurdish fighters in trying to retake Islamic State strongholds in Syria and Iraq.\nWhite House meeting\nErdogan said that when he meets with U.S. President Donald Trump at the White House on May 16 he hopes to change the American leader's mind about U.S. support for the Syrian Kurdish fighters.\n\"This needs to be stopped right now,\" Erdogan said. \"Otherwise it will continue to be a bother in the region and for us. It will also bother us as two NATO countries and strategic partners.\"\nThe Turkish leader said that Ankara's forces might bomb the YPG positions again, at any time it wants.\n\"I said yesterday: 'We can come unexpectedly in the night.' I really meant that. We are not going to tip off the terror groups and the Turkish Armed Forces could come at any moment.\"\n",
        "caption": "People gesture at a U.S military vehicle travelling in Amuda province, northern Syria, April 29, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/8BF5A59D-8EFC-4091-B859-5A183978AF25.jpg",
        "id": "21563_2",
        "answer": [
            "Turkish strikes",
            "the Turkish attack",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "U.S military vehicle",
            "military vehicle"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_30_3831683",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_30_3831683_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What caused the people in the image to flee?",
        "context": "Refugees Surge into China as Myanmar Ethnic Border Conflict Escalates\nNANSAN, CHINA \u2014\u00a0\nWithin earshot of mortar fire echoing from beyond a ring of hills, a sprawling relief camp in Southwestern China is swelling steadily after fighting erupted last week between a rebel ethnic army in Myanmar and government troops just across the border.\nIn a recent Reuters visit to the rugged area in southwestern Yunnan province, aid workers and those displaced expressed fears of a more violent and protracted conflict than a previous flare-up in the Kokang region in early 2015.\n\"Every day, more people come,\" said Li Yinzhong, an aid manager in the camp, gesturing at the mostly Han Chinese refugees from Myanmar's Kokang region trudging through the reddish mud earth around rows of large blue huts where they sleep on nylon tarpaulin sheets.\n\"We will look after them until they decide they want to go back.\"\nBlue disaster relief tents provided by the Chinese also dotted the terraced sugarcane, maize and tea terraces flanking the mountainous winding road to Nansan. The town, close to the Kokang region of Myanmar's Shan State, is providing refuge for a stream of refugees that Chinese authorities estimate number more than 20,000.\nThe violence is a blow to efforts by Myanmar's de facto leader Aung San Suu Kyi, to reach a comprehensive peace agreement with Myanmar's ethnic minorities, some of them in rebellions spanning decades.\nThe conflict is also fraying ties between China and Myanmar, which Beijing has hoped could be a key gateway in its multi-pronged \"One Belt One Road\" strategy to promote economic links between China and Europe.\nKokang has close ties to China. The vast majority are ethnic Chinese speaking a Chinese dialect and using the yuan as currency.\n'State of war'\nThe Kokang began fleeing when the rebel Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army (MNDAA) launched a surprise raid on Myanmar police and military targets in the town of Laukkai, resulting in the deaths of 30 people on March 6.\nThe Myanmar military has launched \"56 waves of small and large clashes\", using cannons, armored vehicles and heavy weapons over the past two months, according to a statement published by the military on March 6 after the attack.\nRebel forces who lay historic claim to the Kokang region have attacked government troops with rocket-propelled grenade launchers and other military hardware.\nIn an \"urgent notice\" posted on Sunday on its official website, the MNDAA said the Kokang area was now in a \"state of war\" as fighting worsened.\nOn the Chinese side, paramilitary police have sent in battalions of reinforcements, mostly in readiness for disaster relief, according to Chinese officials who spoke on background.\nReuters saw seven Chinese armored personnel carriers moving west along the hilly road towards Myanmar and the relief camp sprawled across a muddy wasteland the size of 10 football fields.\nThe fresh unrest comes after fighting in early 2015 and in 2009 involving the MNDAA, both flare-ups displacing tens of thousands of people.\nOrdnance has occasionally strayed into China, with five people in China killed in 2015 during a round of fighting then.\nThis time round, the door to a village house was blown out, and the upper floor of the Anran hotel in Nansan was shelled forcing its closure, according to local residents and one official. Reuters was unable to corroborate these accounts.\nChina has lodged \"solemn representations\" with Myanmar over its citizens put at risk by the conflict, Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Hua Chunying told a regular news briefing on Monday.\n\"The Chinese will be very angry if it escalates to the level of 2015,\" said Sino-Myanmar expert Yun Sun, a senior associate with the Stimson Center in Washington D.C.\nBeijing wants the Kokang to be included in the comprehensive peace negotiations that Aung San Suu Kyi initiated last August, she said.\nThe military has blocked that, saying the rebels can only join if they lay down arms first.\n\"The Chinese actually tacitly and privately support the Kokang being included in the negotiations, but they can't say that,\" Sun said.\nUnresolved peace \nAt around three in the morning on the day of the rebel raids, loud explosions and gunfire woke the Cao family, prompting them to flee at first light with few possessions.\n\"I was scared,\" said Cao Junxiang, who fled in a convoy of four rudimentary, three-wheel farm lorries tethered to powerful motorcycles \u2014 joining a nearly 15-hour snaking exodus of jeeps, trucks, buses, carts and motorcycles bound for China.\n\"More than half the people [in my village] left,\" he said, as others crowded around an open sitting area of a Chinese village house transformed into a makeshift refuge.\nYao Xiao'er, the 49-year old head of the household, said she sent the farm vehicles across the border soon after hearing the first bursts of distant thudding. She eventually got nearly 100 relatives and friends to safety including a two-year-old toddler and a nonagenarian, half-blind, family matriarch, who was dozing on a tatty sofa.\nOne young mother with a baby strapped to her back said many refugees were seeking out odd jobs to make ends meet.\n\"We have no money so some of us cut sugar cane,\" she said.\n\"We get around one yuan for every 20 sticks we chop, peel and uproot.\"\nA Chinese taxi driver plying the route between a Chinese airport in Lincang and the seedy frontier casinos of Myanmar's Laukkai, said business was drying up. \"No one is coming here anymore.\"\n",
        "caption": "Refugees who fled fighting in neighboring Myanmar stand in a Chinese disaster relief tent camp in the town of Nansan, Yunnan province, China, March 12, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/9E399A21-4717-40DA-913B-C403E3575617.jpg",
        "id": "1791_1",
        "answer": [
            "fighting"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Myanmar"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_13_3763083",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_13_3763083_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person with the blue tie in the image embark on?",
        "context": "China Brokers Deal Between Pakistan, Afghanistan For Managing Crisis-Hit Ties\nISLAMABAD \u2014\u00a0\nChina has brokered a deal between Pakistan and Afghanistan for the establishment of a bilateral \u201ccrisis management mechanism\u201d to avoid any breakdown in mutual communications and contacts in the event of terrorist attacks on both sides of their long shared border.\nThe three countries have also agreed to set up a trilateral foreign minister-level dialogue forum that would allow Beijing to observe progress toward normalizing Kabul\u2019s deeply mistrust-marred security ties with Islamabad and promoting economic cooperation\nThe developments were announced Sunday at the conclusion of a two-day mediation trip to Afghanistan and Pakistan by China\u2019s Foreign Minister Wang Yi.\nBeijing\u2019s diplomatic efforts came as relations between the two uneasy neighbors have deteriorated in the past two years over mutual allegations of sponsoring terrorist attacks on each other\u2019s soil.\nThe \u201ccrisis management mechanism\u201d would enable the two sides to maintain timely and effective communications in the event of any emergencies, including terrorist attacks, allowing the two sides to resolve them through dialogue and consultation, said a joint statement Wang released at a news conference with Pakistani foreign policy adviser, Sartaj Aziz.\nThe Chinese foreign minister told reporters he conducted the \u201cshuttle diplomacy\u201d to do what China can to help improve relations between the two countries and to help facilitate the reconciliation process in Afghanistan.\nWang described the establishment of \u201ccrisis management mechanism\u201d as an important step toward improving the relationship.\n\"While going forward, the key is for Pakistan and Afghanistan to have detailed consultations on how this mechanism would function and to reach early agreements on the operability of this mechanism. Pakistan and Afghanistan have in doing so sent a positive signal to the international community and China welcomes that,\u201d Wang said.\nThe three parties had \u201cin-depth exchange of views\u201d, he explained, and they also agreed to establish the China-Afghanistan-Pakistan Foreign Ministers\u2019 dialogue mechanism to cooperate on issues of mutual interest, beginning with economic cooperation.\nThe Chinese foreign minister, on behalf of the three countries, also called call on the Taliban to join the Afghan reconciliation process.\nThere was no immediate reaction from the Islamist insurgent group, which has repeatedly turned down peace talks with the Afghan government as long as the U.S.-led foreign forces are present in Afghanistan.\n\u201cIf there is no progress in the reconciliation process in Afghanistan it will mean greater difficulty in the reconstruction process. So, it is important to advance the reconciliation process\u2026It is also something that all the parties, including China and Pakistan, would like to see further progress,\u201d noted Wang.\nThe Chinese foreign minister undertook the mediation effort at a time when the Untied States is reportedly planning to intensify its Afghan military campaign by sending fresh troops to the country.\nPresident Donald Trump\u2019s administration is also expected to increase pressure on Islamabad to prevent Taliban insurgents and their ally, the dreaded Haqqani network, from using Pakistani soil for deadly attacks in Afghanistan.\nPakistani leaders strongly dismiss U.S. and Afghan criticism of their counterterrorism efforts, saying the country has made \u201cmonumental sacrifices\u201d in the war against terrorism.\nChina\u2019s Foreign Minister Wang on Sunday reiterated Beijing\u2019s traditional support for Pakistan\u2019s stance.\n\u201cThe international community should fully acknowledge and appreciate the efforts made by Pakistan in this regard. Any notion that Pakistan is not firm in counterterrorism is not fair and is not consistent with the fact,\u201d Wang asserted.\nChina considers stability in Afghanistan vital to its national security and economic interests. It is worried that continued Afghan insecurity could threaten security of its western Xinjiang province, which shares border with the war-hit nation.\nBeijing is investing billions of dollars in Pakistan, China's staunch ally, to establish a trade route to gain access to international markets through the Pakistani port of Gwadar on the Arabian Sea.\nAfghan leaders allege sanctuaries and safe havens on Pakistani soil have enabled the Taliban to intensify insurgent attacks and prolong the Afghan war.\nIslamabad denies the charges and in turn blames sanctuaries in border areas of Afghanistan for plotting terrorist attacks against Pakistan, including Friday\u2019s deadly suicide bombings in two cities that killed more than 80 people and injured more than 200 others.\nThe U.S. Department of Defense in its latest report last week alleged that Taliban and Haqqani terrorists continue to use sanctuaries on Pakistani soil for staging attacks in Afghanistan.\n",
        "caption": "Visiting Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi, right, and Pakistan's adviser on foreign affairs Sartaj Aziz, left, leave after a press conference, in Rawalpindi, Pakistan, June 25, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/DEE5155A-91BA-43D5-8D3F-22FCD351072A.jpg",
        "id": "27599_1",
        "answer": [
            "a two-day mediation trip to Afghanistan and Pakistan"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Foreign Minister Wang Yi"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_25_3915019",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_25_3915019_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who mentored the woman in the image?",
        "context": "A Look at 3 Federal Appeals Judges in Travel Ban Case\nA three-judge panel on the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals is deciding whether to uphold a lower court's order barring the government from enforcing President Donald Trump's travel ban.\nThe panel includes one moderate conservative appointed by a Republican president and two moderate liberals appointed by Democratic presidents.\nWilliam Canby\nWilliam Canby is the most senior member of the three. The 85-year-old was appointed by President Jimmy Carter in 1980 and confirmed by the Senate the same year. He studied at the University of Minnesota Law School and went on to serve as a law clerk to Supreme Court Justice Charles Whittaker in the late 1950s. Whittaker retired in 1962.\nCanby was a professor at Arizona State University when he was nominated. He is best known as an expert on Native American law.\nRichard R. Clifton, the newest judge to the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals, is seen during his swearing-in ceremony, in Honolulu, Oct. 15, 2002..\nRichard Clifton\nRichard Clifton was appointed by President George W. Bush in 2001 and confirmed by the Senate in 2002. He had been in private practice in Hawaii for 25 years at the time of his appointment, and his work focused on commercial and business litigation.\nThe 66-year-old studied at Yale Law School, and, like Canby, also spent time teaching law. He did a clerkship on the 9th Circuit in the 1970s.\nCircuit Judge Michelle T. Friedland, right, gestures while questioning Barry Bonds' attorney, Dennis Riordan, before an 11-judge panel of the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals, in San Francisco, Sept. 18, 2014.\nMichelle Friedland\nThe junior member of the panel is Michelle Friedland, who was appointed by President Barack Obama in 2014. At 44 years of age, she is the youngest appeals court judge in the United States.\nFriedland studied at Stanford Law School and later taught there as well. She was working in private practice in San Francisco at the time of her appointment. Her decade of experience included tax, patent and anti-trust issues.\nFriedland also served as a clerk at the Supreme Court under Justice Sandra Day O'Connor, who retired in 2006. Justice Samuel Alito now holds that seat.\nThe James R. Browning U.S. Court of Appeals Building, home of the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals, is pictured in San Francisco, California, Feb. 7, 2017.\nCircuit Court of Appeals\nBoth Clifton and Canby are officially what are known as senior judges, ones who retired from sitting full time on the circuit court but still get a salary to sit for a much reduced caseload. They are asked at a minimum to handle in a year about what a full-time judge handles in three months. \nThe system helps the court system continue to function when there are vacancies, which are subject to Senate confirmation, or recusals based on potential conflicts of interest. There currently are 18 U.S. Circuit Court vacancies nationwide, with four of them on the 9th Circuit.\nThe panel deciding the travel ban case is called a motions panel, and its members change every month. Clifton, Canby and Friedland were selected for February. Those selections are made by the clerk of the court, who uses a system that aims to have each full-time judge sit on a panel with every other full-time and senior judge roughly the same number of times during a two-year period.\nThe 9th Circuit is based in San Francisco and covers nine western states: California, Washington, Oregon, Arizona, Nevada, Idaho, Montana, Alaska and Hawaii.\n",
        "caption": "Circuit Judge Michelle T. Friedland, right, gestures while questioning Barry Bonds' attorney, Dennis Riordan, before an 11-judge panel of the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals, in San Francisco, Sept. 18, 2014.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/635D8F73-3520-4A13-99D4-1C226E5A22A1.jpg",
        "id": "14424_3",
        "answer": [
            "Sandra Day O'Connor",
            "None",
            "Justice Sandra Day O'Connor"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Friedland",
            "Michelle T. Friedland"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_08_3714396",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_08_3714396_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where else can people in the image buy the item?",
        "context": "Nevada Becomes 5th State to Sell Recreational Marijuana\nLAS VEGAS \u2014\u00a0\nMore than 100 people were in line at one Las Vegas-area dispensary Saturday morning as Nevada became the latest state in the U.S. with stores selling marijuana for recreational purposes.\nKristin Deneal got in line outside the pot shop at 5:45 a.m., after another store that opened at midnight closed before she could make a purchase. She brought a folding chair and sat by the door, striking up conversations with the security guard and others as the line continued to grow before doors opened at 9 a.m.\nDeneal, a Las Vegas resident, said she is elated at being able to legally buy the drug that for decades she has had to buy through acquaintances. She said smoking marijuana helps her cope with health conditions while also working a stressful job at a bank.\n\u201cIt looks like they have enough stuff for everyone, it\u2019s just a question of getting through the door,\u201d she said.\nState senator makes first purchase\nState Sen. Tick Segerblom, one of the main proponents of marijuana legalization in Nevada, made the first purchase at The Source dispensary at a strip mall. Deneal and others followed.\nRecreational marijuana sales began shortly after midnight, just months after voters approved legalization in November, marking the fastest turnaround from the ballot box to retail sales in the country.\nFILE - People line up to be among the first in Nevada to legally purchase medical marijuana at the Silver State Relief dispensary in Sparks, Nev. Nevada's marijuana regulators began recreational sales July 1, 2017.\nHundreds of people lined up at Essence Cannabis Dispensary on the Las Vegas Strip. People were excited and well-behaved as a lone security guard looked on. A valet was available to park cars for customers.\nA cheer erupted when the doors opened.\nThose 21 and older with a valid ID can buy up to an ounce of pot. Tourists are expected to make nearly two of every three recreational pot purchases in Nevada, but people can only use the drug in a private home.\nWhat is still illegal\nIt remains illegal to light up in public areas, including the Las Vegas Strip, casinos, bars, restaurants, parks, convention centers and concert halls \u2014 places frequently visited by tourists. Violators face a $600 fine.\nAnd driving under the influence of marijuana is still illegal.\nDespite the limits on where people can get high and restrictions on where the industry can advertise, dispensaries worked furiously to prepare for the launch. They stamped labels on pot products, stocked their shelves, added security and checkout stations, and announced specials.\nMarijuana jobs\nDesert Grown Farms hired about 60 additional employees. Workers in scrubs, hair nets and surgical masks put stickers on sealed jars this week as others checked on marijuana plants or carefully weighed buds.\n\u201cIt would be a good problem to have if I couldn\u2019t meet my demand,\u201d said CEO Armen Yemenidjian, whose Desert Grown Farms owns the only dispensary that is selling recreational pot on the Las Vegas Strip, across the street from the Stratosphere hotel.\nNevada joins Colorado, Oregon, Washington and Alaska in allowing adults to buy the drug that\u2019s still banned by the federal government. \n",
        "caption": "FILE - People line up to be among the first in Nevada to legally purchase medical marijuana at the Silver State Relief dispensary in Sparks, Nev. Nevada's marijuana regulators began recreational sales July 1, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/2DFB1C40-9262-4992-82B1-56F9E201D9A7.jpg",
        "id": "5553_2",
        "answer": [
            "Colorado, Oregon, Washington and Alaska"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "medical marijuana",
            "Nevada"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_02_3924851",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_02_3924851_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the people in the image do?",
        "context": "German Police Arrest \u2018Islamist\u2019 Suspect After Soccer Bus Bombing\nGerman police arrested a suspected Islamic extremist Wednesday as investigators said they are looking into a possible \u201cterrorist link\u201d to three explosions that hit the Borussia Dortmund soccer team\u2019s bus, authorities said.\nA series of explosions rocked the team\u2019s bus Tuesday, injuring Dortmund player Marc Bartra and a policeman, and forcing the team to postpone a game against Monaco that evening.\nTwo suspects \u201cfrom the Islamist spectrum have come into the focus of the criminal prosecution,\u201d Frauke Koehler, a spokeswoman for federal prosecutors, said, adding that one of the two had been arrested.\nAccording to German prosecutors, a note left at the scene of the bombing suggests the attack could have been carried out by Muslim extremists.\nThe note, she said, contained demands for the withdrawal of German military jets from Turkey and the shuttering of the U.S. Ramstein airbase in Germany.\nShe said police found three copies of the same letter near the site of the bombing that indicated the attacker had links to the Islamic State militant group. Police are still trying to determine the authenticity of the letter.\nLocal media identified the suspects as a 25-year-old Iraqi and a 28-year-old German.\nGerman Chancellor Angela Merkel said she was \"horrified\" by the \"repugnant act\" and that she is hoping for a \u201cpeaceful and good game\u201d when the two teams meet (Wednesday) for the rescheduled match.\nThe injured player, Bartra, posted a message on Instagram saying he is \u201cdoing much better\u201d along with a photo of him giving a thumbs up with a bandage wrapped around his arm.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_code\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"instagram-media\\\" data-instgrm-captioned data-instgrm-version=\\\"7\\\" style=\\\" background:#FFF; border:0; border-radius:3px; box-shadow:0 0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.5),0 1px 10px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.15); margin: 1px; max-width:658px; padding:0; width:99.375%; width:-webkit-calc(100% - 2px); width:calc(100% - 2px);\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;div style=\\\"padding:8px;\\\"\\u0026gt; \\u0026lt;div style=\\\" background:#F8F8F8; line-height:0; margin-top:40px; padding:37.4537037037037% 0; text-align:center; width:100%;\\\"\\u0026gt; \\u0026lt;div style=\\\" background:url(data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAACwAAAAsCAMAAAApWqozAAAABGdBTUEAALGPC/xhBQAAAAFzUkdCAK7OHOkAAAAMUExURczMzPf399fX1+bm5mzY9AMAAADiSURBVDjLvZXbEsMgCES5/P8/t9FuRVCRmU73JWlzosgSIIZURCjo/ad+EQJJB4Hv8BFt+IDpQoCx1wjOSBFhh2XssxEIYn3ulI/6MNReE07UIWJEv8UEOWDS88LY97kqyTliJKKtuYBbruAyVh5wOHiXmpi5we58Ek028czwyuQdLKPG1Bkb4NnM+VeAnfHqn1k4+GPT6uGQcvu2h2OVuIf/gWUFyy8OWEpdyZSa3aVCqpVoVvzZZ2VTnn2wU8qzVjDDetO90GSy9mVLqtgYSy231MxrY6I2gGqjrTY0L8fxCxfCBbhWrsYYAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC); display:block; height:44px; margin:0 auto -44px; position:relative; top:-22px; width:44px;\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/div\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/div\\u0026gt; \\u0026lt;p style=\\\" margin:8px 0 0 0; padding:0 4px;\\\"\\u0026gt; \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://www.instagram.com/p/BSybpqoD5sU/\\\" style=\\\" color:#000; font-family:Arial,sans-serif; font-size:14px; font-style:normal; font-weight:normal; line-height:17px; text-decoration:none; word-wrap:break-word;\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\"\\u0026gt;Hola a todos! Como veis ya estoy mucho mejor, muchas gracias a todo el mundo por los mensajes de apoyo! Toda mi fuerza a mis compa\u00f1eros, afici\u00f3n y todo el @bvb09 para el partido de esta noche! #HejaBVB Hello everybody! As you can see I am doing much better. Thank you everybody for all your support and your messages! All my strength to my team mates, supporters and fans and to @bvb09 for tonight\\u0026amp;#39;s match! #HejaBVB\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt; \\u0026lt;p style=\\\" color:#c9c8cd; font-family:Arial,sans-serif; font-size:14px; line-height:17px; margin-bottom:0; margin-top:8px; overflow:hidden; padding:8px 0 7px; text-align:center; text-overflow:ellipsis; white-space:nowrap;\\\"\\u0026gt;A post shared by Marc Bartra (@marcbartra) on \\u0026lt;time style=\\\" font-family:Arial,sans-serif; font-size:14px; line-height:17px;\\\" datetime=\\\"2017-04-12T14:04:59+00:00\\\"\\u0026gt;Apr 12, 2017 at 7:04am PDT\\u0026lt;/time\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/div\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\\n\\u0026lt;script async defer src=\\\"//platform.instagram.com/en_US/embeds.js\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/script\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":true,\"Type\":\"String\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar paramLink = Infographics.Param[\"embed_code\"],\nrender = function() {\nvar findAncestor = function (el, cls) {\nwhile ((el = el.parentElement) && !el.classList.contains(cls));\nreturn el;\n};\nvar decodeAndParseHtml = function(html) {\nvar txt = document.createElement(\"textarea\");\ntxt.innerHTML = html;\nvar frame = document.createElement('iframe');\nframe.style.display = 'none';\ndocument.body.appendChild(frame);\nframe.contentDocument.open();\nframe.contentDocument.write(txt.value);\nframe.contentDocument.close();\nvar el = frame.contentDocument.body.firstChild;\ndocument.body.removeChild(frame);\nreturn el;\n};\nvar removeElement = function (ele){\nele && ele.parentNode && ele.parentNode.removeChild(ele);\n};\nvar oThisInstagramSnippet=null;\nvar oThisInstagramToDelete=null;\nif (paramLink.substring(0, 4) === \"http\") {\noThisInstagramSnippet = d.querySelector(\".instagramSnippetIframe:not(.instagramSnippetRendered)\");\noThisInstagramToDelete = d.querySelector(\".instagramSnippetDiv:not(.instagramSnippetRendered)\");\nvar str = paramLink.replace(/\\/$/gi, \"\") + \"/embed/\";\nvar oCont = findAncestor(oThisInstagramSnippet,\"infgraphicsAttach\");\noCont.style.height = \"auto\";\noCont.style.width = \"100%\";\n//ideal ratio is 480 width to 700 height\noThisInstagramSnippet.setAttribute(\"src\", str);\noThisInstagramSnippet.setAttribute(\"width\", \"100%\");\noThisInstagramSnippet.setAttribute(\"height\", Math.round((oCont.offsetWidth / 480) * 700));\n} else {\noThisInstagramSnippet = d.querySelector(\".instagramSnippetDiv:not(.instagramSnippetRendered)\");\noThisInstagramToDelete = d.querySelector(\".instagramSnippetIframe:not(.instagramSnippetRendered)\");\nvar oEval = decodeAndParseHtml(paramLink);\noThisInstagramSnippet.appendChild(oEval);\nvar scriptEle = d.createElement(\"script\");\nscriptEle.type = \"text\\/javascript\";\nscriptEle.src = \"https:\\/\\/platform.instagram.com/en_US/embeds.js\";\nscriptEle.setAttribute('async', '');\nscriptEle.setAttribute('defer', '');\nscriptEle.setAttribute('charset', 'utf-8');\nscriptEle.setAttribute('onload', 'window.instgrm.Embeds.process()');\noThisInstagramSnippet.appendChild(scriptEle);\nvar oCont = findAncestor(oThisInstagramSnippet,\"infgraphicsAttach\");\noCont.style.width = \"100%\";\noCont.style.height = oEval.style.height;\n}\nremoveElement(oThisInstagramToDelete);\noThisInstagramSnippet.className = oThisInstagramSnippet.className + \" instagramSnippetRendered\";\n};\nif (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\nwindow.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\nelse //liveblog, ajax\nrender();\n})(document);\n",
        "caption": "Police investigators secure the streets near the team hotel of soccer team Borussia Dortmund, in Dortmund, Germany, April 12, 2017, a day after their team bus was damaged in an explosion, injuring a player and a police officer. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/1003BFC1-A48F-4AC5-8D18-039CA3BF55D0.jpg",
        "id": "29417_1",
        "answer": [
            "arrested a suspected Islamic extremist Wednesday"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "police"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_12_3807318",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_12_3807318_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the meeting between the people in the image cause?",
        "context": "Oval Office Meeting with Russian Officials Raises Eyebrows\nNEW YORK \u2014\u00a0\nThe White House is facing criticism for a possible security breach after it allowed a Russian news service photographer into the Oval Office to snap photos of President Donald Trump and a pair of top Russian officials.\nWhile the administration downplayed the threat, a senior administration official acknowledged that the White House had been misled about the role of the Russian photographer, who was actually employed by a state-run news agency. The official requested anonymity to discuss matters of security.\nThe photographer who stood feet from Trump as he talked with Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov and the Russian ambassador to the United States, Sergey Kislyak, had told the White House that he was Lavrov's official photographer, the official said.\nBut he did not say that he also works for Tass, a Russian state-run news agency. And White House officials were surprised when photos depicting an apparently jovial moment between Trump and the two Russian officials appeared online a short time after Wednesday's meeting, according to the official. There had been no plans to immediately broadcast images from the meeting.\nU.S. President Donald Trump shakes hands with Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov in the White House in Washington, May 10, 2017. (Russian Foreign Ministry photo via AP)\nThe chummy photos left some observers agog, particularly coming a day after the president fired FBI Director James Comey, who had been running the investigation into whether the Trump campaign coordinated with Russian officials.\nThe American media, however, never caught a glimpse of either Russian inside the White House. When the press pool was allowed into the Oval Office at the meeting's conclusion, both Lavrov and Kislyak were gone and, in a surprise, former Secretary of State Henry Kissinger was with Trump instead.\nThe White House posted photos online of the meeting a full day later, but they did not include any images of Lavrov. The ambassador was also not mentioned in the official White House readout of the meeting.\nThe White House defended the decision not to allow any independent press into the meeting.\n\"We had an official photographer in the room, as did they,'' spokeswoman Sarah Huckabee Sanders said Thursday.\nSanders added that it was \"proper protocol'' to close a meeting to the press when Trump is meeting with a foreign official who is not a head of state. President Barack Obama's staff frequently adopted a similar policy. Ambassadors often accompany visiting dignitaries to the White House.\nU.S. President Donald Trump meets with Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov, second left, at the White House in Washington, May 10, 2017. (Russian Foreign Ministry photo via AP)\nOfficials dismissed any security concerns, saying that Lavrov's entourage went through the typical visitor screening process and that the White House is routinely swept for listening devices. But security experts said that the risk was real, if remote.\n\"Deadly serious Q: Was it a good idea to let a Russian gov photographer & all their equipment into the Oval Office?'' Colin Kahl, who served as former Vice President Joe Biden's national security adviser, wrote on Twitter.\n\"No, it was not,'' David S. Cohen, the former deputy director of the CIA, replied.\nThe Kremlin has hidden bugs in sensitive U.S. facilities. During President Bill Clinton's term, a listening device was discovered in a conference room at the State Department where Secretary of State Madeleine Albright and other top diplomats routinely held meetings.\n\"It's a very low probability that the incursion generated a real security breach,'' said Jens David Ohlin, a dean at Cornell University Law School, where he teaches and studies international criminal law and security. \"But any breach at all would be catastrophic. Why even take that chance?''\nContact with Kislyak led Michael Flynn to be dismissed from his post as national security adviser and Attorney General Jeff Sessions to recuse himself from the probe.\nHours after his meeting with Trump, Lavrov insisted that no evidence exists that Russian attempted to influence last year's election or hack the Democratic Party's email system. He also said the subject never came up during his Oval Office meeting.\nU.S. intelligence agencies have concluded that Russia tried to affect the outcome of the 2016 election.\n",
        "caption": "U.S. President Donald Trump shakes hands with Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov in the White House in Washington, May 10, 2017. (Russian Foreign Ministry photo via AP)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/52C9BCF1-C63B-4BB2-9044-E1BC4460464D.jpg",
        "id": "4074_2",
        "answer": [
            "a possible security breach"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "President Donald Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_11_3848396",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_11_3848396_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What will the person wearing the blue tie in the image do?",
        "context": "Sweet Home Chicago: Obama Re-Emerges in City Where It All Began\nCHICAGO, ILL. \u2014\u00a0\nFormer U.S. President Barack Obama on Monday makes his first major appearance since leaving office, having chosen Chicago, the city where his political career started, to emerge from a three-month hiatus from the public eye.\nObama will meet youth leaders and promote community organizing near the same South Side neighborhoods where his own activism blossomed and propelled him to two terms in the White House that ended with Donald Trump's inauguration on January 20.\nChicago Mayor Rahm Emanuel, who served as Obama's first White House chief of staff, said that he was proud that Obama picked Chicago to make his last speech as president and the first in his post-presidency.\n\u201cI think it reflects his emotional, as well as his intellectual, commitment to this city and seeing this city as his home,\u201d he said.\nObama's continued connection to Chicago is important to the city, which has global aspirations as well as a palpable insecurity about its place in the world.\nDuring the last year of Obama's second term, Chicago laid claim to its share of his legacy by beating out Hawaii and New York as the site of his presidential library.\nObama, who still owns a home in Chicago, was raised in Hawaii. The former president and his wife Michelle are expected to move from Washington to New York once their younger daughter, Sasha, graduates from high school.\nDavid Axelrod, a former top political adviser to Obama, said the decision to house the library in Chicago should have eased any concerns that its residents may have had about the former Democratic president's commitment to the city.\nBut Monday's event, he said, is another important sign of the former president's strong links to Chicago.\n\u201cHe's going to be more visible moving forward,\u201d he said. \u201cI think this is clearly a coming-out.\u201d\nReverend Michael Pfleger, a social justice activist who heads a large South Side Roman Catholic church, said a prominent Obama presence could help the nation's third-largest city confront some of the thorny problems it faces.\nChief among them is a spike in gun violence, an issue that Trump has highlighted as a sign of lawlessness and the failure of the Democratic politicians who have long run Chicago.\n\"It's his life, and he's not in elected office right now, so he can do what he wants,\" Pfleger said. \"But I'd love to see him engage in his home of Chicago. He could make a huge difference.\"\nCivil Rights activist Jesse Jackson said Obama could use his powerful platform to address stark inequalities in Chicago schools, housing and employment, and to advocate for reinvestment in blighted neighborhoods.\nMonday's event takes place on the South Side campus of the University of Chicago, where Obama once taught constitutional law. It is intended \"to encourage and support the next generation of leaders driven by strengthening communities,\" according to a statement.\nSince leaving office, Obama has kept a relatively low public profile, taking vacations in Palm Springs, California and the British Virgin Islands, where he indulged in the sport of kite-boarding while vacationing with British billionaire Sir Richard Branson.\nTogether with his wife, who grew up on Chicago's South Side, the former president recently struck a two-book, $65 million memoir deal. He is expected to travel to Berlin to meet with German Chancellor Angela Merkel next month.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - President Barack Obama (R) is joined onstage by first lady Michelle Obama and daughter Malia, Vice President Joe Biden and his wife Jill Biden, after his farewell address in Chicago, Illinois, Jan. 10, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/E0E957C0-D42B-4B39-8293-FB7166CD8991.jpg",
        "id": "15509_1",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "meet youth leaders and promote community organizing",
            "meet youth leaders and promote community organizing near the same South Side neighborhoods where his own activism blossomed and propelled him to two terms in the White House that ended with Donald Trump's inauguration on January 20"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Obama",
            "Barack Obama"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_23_3822131",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_23_3822131_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who did the blonde person in the image take a jab at?",
        "context": "Trump Outrage at Syria Attack Sparks Speculation of Retaliation\nWHITE HOUSE \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. officials from President Donald Trump on down have expressed outrage at the apparent chemical weapons attack in Syria, and have suggested that retaliatory action is being considered against Syrian President Bashar al-Assad\u2019s regime, either by a multinational response or alone.\nAt a joint Rose Garden news conference alongside visiting Jordanian King Abdullah II, Trump on Wednesday said the attack \"cannot be tolerated.\u201d\nU.S. President Donald Trump, right, and Jordan's King Abdullah II hold a joint news conference in the Rose Garden at the White House in Washington, April 5, 2017.\nHe did not rule out the use of retaliatory force, warning that the use of chemical weapons against civilians had \u201ccrossed many, many lines beyond a red line\u201d for him.\n\"Yesterday's [Tuesday's] chemical attack, a chemical attack so horrific in Syria against innocent people including women, small children, and even beautiful little babies \u2014 their deaths was an affront to humanity,\u201d he said. \"These heinous actions by the Assad regime cannot be tolerated.\u201d\nWhile acknowledging that he is in charge in Washington now, Trump laid some of the blame for the chaos in Syria at the feet of his predecessor, Barack Obama, who famously threatened military action in response to a 2013 chemical attack in Syria, but did not follow through.\n\u201cI think the Obama administration had a great opportunity to solve this crisis a long time ago when he [spoke of] the red line in the sand,\u201d he said. \u201cAnd when he didn\u2019t cross that line after making the threat, I think that set us back a long ways, not only in Syria but in many other parts of the world, because it was a blank threat.\u201d\nTweeted otherwise\nIn 2013, however, Trump issued a series of tweets in which he urged then-President Obama not to attack Syria. One of them read: \"The only reason President Obama wants to attack Syria is to save face over his very dumb RED LINE statement. Do NOT attack Syria, fix U.S.A.\"\nBut when asked Wednesday at a photo opportunity if he had any policy to deal with this new attack, Trump was circumspect. \u201cYou\u2019ll see,\u201d he replied.\nThe Jordanian monarch also condemned the attack, calling it \u201canother testament to the failure of the international diplomacy to find solutions to this crisis [in Syria].\"\nU.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Nikki Haley shows pictures of Syrian victims of chemical attacks as she addresses a meeting of the Security Council on Syria at U.N. headquarters, in New York, April 5, 2017.\nAt the United Nations earlier in the day, U.S. envoy Nikki Haley castigated the international community for its inaction in the face of past atrocities, and seemed to suggest that the United States would act, with or without a multinational response.\n\u201cWhen the United Nations consistently fails in its duty to act collectively, there are times in the life of states that we are compelled to take our own action,\u201d Haley warned. \u201cFor the sake of the victims, I hope the rest of the council is willing to do the same.\u201d\nCriticized Russia\nHaley explicitly criticized Syria\u2019s chief ally, Russia, which has used its veto power on the Security Council to prevent passage of resolutions condemning Syria\u2019s use of chemical weapons.\n\u201cAssad has no incentive to stop using chemical weapons as long as Russia protects his regime from consequences,\u201d she said.\nThe comments come just days after Haley said the U.S. is not focused on removing Assad from power.\nFrom left, President Donald Trump's Chief of Staff Reince Priebus, Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross and Secretary of State Rex Tillerson at the White House in Washington, April 5, 2017.\nSecretary of State Rex Tillerson also spoke to Russia's support of Assad.\n\"There's no doubt in our mind that the Syrian regime under the leadership of Bashar al-Assad is responsible for this horrific attack,\" Tillerson said. \"And we think it's time that the Russians really need to think carefully about their continued support for the Assad regime.\"\nTrump's actions\nRobert Satloff of the Washington Center for Near East Policy said that Trump's own words mean that he must now separate his administration's response to Syria from that of Obama's.\n\u201cThe president\u2019s own words and reactions suggest if he wants to separate himself from his predecessor, he\u2019s going to have to take certain action,\u201d Satloff said.\n\u201cBy his words and demeanor, Trump has implicitly laid down a marker; I\u2019m not going to say a red line,\" he added. \u201cSo if he does not take action, it would be a sign he is continuing the Obama administration policy. That cannot be the sort of idea the Trump White House would like to nurture.\u201d\nAbdul-Hamid Alyousef, 29, holds his twin babies who were killed during a suspected chemical weapons attack, in Khan Sheikhoun in the northern province of Idlib, Syria, April 4, 2017.\nSatloff said the chemical weapons incident poses a major challenge to the nascent relationship between the Trump White House and the Kremlin.\n\u201cIf the Russians are maintaining the folly that the rebels themselves were responsible for the chemical weapons, this really calls into doubt the idea that the U.S. can partner with Russia,\" he said.\nRobert Danin, senior fellow at the Council of Foreign Relations, called this a defining moment in the evolution of Trump\u2019s Middle East policy.\n\u201cWhat we\u2019re seeing is the transformation, education and evolution of Trump to understand what America\u2019s role in the Middle East is,\u201d Danin said. \u201cHe came to power with a desire to limit America\u2019s involvement in the Middle East, and I think he\u2019s quickly realizing that that\u2019s a lot harder to do than he may have thought.\u201d\nNike Ching at the State Department contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "U.S. President Donald Trump, right, and Jordan's King Abdullah II hold a joint news conference in the Rose Garden at the White House in Washington, April 5, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/3F6AC425-453B-4D89-B224-81689F7A0A1C.jpg",
        "id": "28380_2",
        "answer": [
            "Barack Obama"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_05_3797975",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_05_3797975_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person wearing the suit in the image trying to do?",
        "context": "Japan's Abe Starts 4-nation Trip With Visit to Philippines\nMANILA \u2014\u00a0\nJapanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe arrived Thursday for a two-day visit to Manila as the Philippines has boosted ties with China while taking a hostile stance toward Tokyo's main ally the United States.\nThe Philippines is Abe's first stop in a four-nation swing as the Japanese leader presses efforts to boost his country's trade and security engagements amid China's rise to Asian dominance. He will later travel to Australia, Indonesia and Vietnam.\nAccompanied by his wife and a business delegation, Abe is the first head of state to visit since President Rodrigo Duterte took office in June. It's an important affirmation of Duterte's leadership at a time he faces domestic and international criticism for a brutal crackdown on illegal drugs that has claimed more than 6,000 lives.\n\u201cJapan is one of our strongest friends and ally and partner in this part of the world and we value this friendship,\u201d Duterte's foreign secretary, Perfecto Yasay Jr. said ahead of Abe's visit.\nThe two sides plan to sign agreements to bolster cooperation in agriculture, infrastructure and security. After Manila, Abe will travel to southern Davao city, Duterte's hometown where Yasay said the president may host breakfast for the Japanese premier at his home.\nJapan may also provide help in the construction of rehabilitation centers for drug addicts, Yasay said.\nChina has backed Duterte's bloody crackdown on drug users and pushers, and a Chinese real estate magnate financed the construction of the biggest drug rehab center in the country, drawing praises from the president.\nWhile Duterte has cozied up to China and Russia, he has railed at President Barack Obama's outgoing administration for raising alarm over human rights concerns. The brash-talking Duterte has repeatedly vowed to scale back joint military exercises and other defense engagements with the U.S., his country's treaty ally, but has walked back on many of his threats.\nDuterte visited Japan in October when he and Abe agreed to cooperate in promoting regional peace and stability and acknowledged the importance of their alliances with Washington.\nAbout two dozen activists led by four women who were forced into sexual slavery by Japanese troops in World War II protested outside the Japanese Embassy, calling for justice for their sufferings in a call that has largely been muted by the blossoming relations of the Asian neighbors.\nNarcisa Claveria, 87, said she and other former sex slaves were treated \u201clike pigs\u201d by Japanese troops during the war, lamenting that many of her fellow victims had died without getting justice.\n\u201cShinzo Abe, end the issue of women now,\u201d Claveria said at the protest. \u201cYou are meeting again with the president, will you bring forces of aggression here again? Are you going to make women here like pigs again?\u201d\nIt's not clear if the demand by the former sex slaves would be raised by Duterte in his talk with Abe.\nJapan is now among the top trading partners of the Philippines and one of its largest aid providers. It has also provided patrol ships to help the Philippines protect its territory amid longstanding territorial rifts with China.\nJapan has expressed readiness to finance a major railway project in the south, where Duterte hails from, something that China also pledged.\n",
        "caption": "Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, third from left, escorted by Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte, left, bows to pay respects to national flags during a welcome ceremony at Malacanang Palace grounds, Jan. 12, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/2AD8F9A1-AACC-447F-9980-9A517636C2D1.jpg",
        "id": "14366_1",
        "answer": [
            "boost his country's trade and security engagements amid China's rise to Asian dominance",
            "boost his country's trade and security engagements",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Shinzo Abe",
            "Abe"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_12_3673228",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_12_3673228_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What nation did the person in the right of the image say was a roadblock?",
        "context": "Trump Says He Twice 'Strongly Pressed' Putin on US Election Meddling\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. President Donald Trump said Sunday that he twice \"strongly pressed\" Russian President Vladimir Putin about Russia's meddling in last year's U.S. election and it was now time to \"move forward in working constructively\" with Moscow.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;I strongly pressed President Putin twice about Russian meddling in our election. He vehemently denied it. I%27ve already given my opinion.....\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/884012097805406208\\\"\\u0026gt;July 9, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nIn a string of Twitter comments after returning to Washington from the G-20 summit in Hamburg, Germany, Trump noted that Putin vehemently denied any role in interfering in the election and that he and the Russian leader \"discussed forming an impenetrable Cyber Security unit so that election hacking, & many other negative things, will be guarded and safe.\"\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;Putin \\u0026amp;amp; I discussed forming an impenetrable Cyber Security unit so that election hacking, \\u0026amp;amp; many other negative things, will be guarded..\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/884016887692234753\\\"\\u0026gt;July 9, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nKey Republican lawmakers, however, immediately ridiculed Trump's idea of working with the Russians on a cybersecurity pact. Senator Lindsey Graham said on NBC's \"Meet the Press\" that it was \"not the dumbest idea I've ever heard, but it's pretty close.\"\nBy the end of the day on Sunday Trump had backtracked on his push for the cybersecurity unit, tweeting that he did not think it could happen.\n\"The fact that President Putin and I discussed a Cyber Security unit doesn't mean I think it can happen. It can't,\" Trump said on Twitter. He then noted that an agreement with Russia for a ceasefire in Syria \"can & did\" happen.\nU.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson said in Kyiv that Russian interference in the November election remains an impediment to better relations between the two countries. White House chief of staff Reince Priebus told Fox News that Trump \"absolutely did not believe\" Putin's denial of the election meddling.\nUkrainian President Petro Poroshenko, left, and U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson shakes hands before a meeting in Kyiv, Sunday, July 9, 2017.\nTrump said in one tweet that he had \"already given my opinion\" on the election interference. He apparently was referring to the assessment he offered last week at a news conference in Warsaw, where he said, \"I think it was Russia and I think it could have been other people and other countries. Could have been a lot of people [who] interfered.\"\nTrump is facing months of investigations of allegations that his campaign colluded with Russian officials to help him win the White House and that he possibly obstructed justice by firing James Comey, then the director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, while he was leading the agency's Russia investigation.\nFILE - Former FBI Director James Comey testifies during a Senate Intelligence Committee hearing on Capitol Hill, June 8, 2017, in Washington.\nNumerous congressional probes are underway, as is a criminal investigation headed by Special Counsel Robert Mueller, another former FBI chief.\n'A great success'\nTrump called the summit of the leaders of the world's largest economies \"a great success for the U.S.,\" saying he had \"explained that the U.S. must fix the many bad trade deals it has made\" and that its deals would be reworked.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;The G 20 Summit was a great success for the U.S. - Explained that the U.S. must fix the many bad trade deals it has made. Will get done!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/884008221970763776\\\"\\u0026gt;July 9, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nU.S. President Donald Trump, left, and German Chancellor Angela Merkel are seen at the panel discussion of the Women's Entrepreneur Finance event on the second day of the G-20 summit in Hamburg, Germany, July 8, 2017.\nHe made no mention of the European Union's major trade deal with Japan announced last week, or that the other 19 countries at the summit voiced their opposition to Trump's withdrawal from the 2015 international accord reached in Paris to curb greenhouse gas emissions in the coming years.\nTrump claimed as a success his agreement with Putin on a negotiated cease-fire in parts of Syria that he said would save lives in Syria's unending six-year civil war for control of the Middle Eastern country.\nA girl walks on debris in a rebel-held part of the southern city of Deraa, Syria, July 9, 2017.\n'Fake news' \nBut in his tweets, the U.S. leader also returned to two of his favorite themes, attacking the mainstream U.S. news media and opposition Democrats.\nHe said \"Fake News\" had overstated the number of American intelligence agencies that had concluded that Russia meddled in the election to boost Trump's chances of defeating Democrat Hillary Clinton, a former U.S. secretary of state, saying it was 17 when it was actually four.\nTrump, as he did overseas, questioned why his predecessor, former President Barack Obama, did \"NOTHING when he had info\" about the Russian election interference in August, three months before the election.\nWeeks after the voting, Obama, in response to Moscow's election interference, expelled 35 Russian diplomats and closed two Russian compounds that the U.S. said had been used for intelligence gathering.\n Trump said he and Putin did not discuss the sanctions and that \"nothing will be done\" about them until \"problems\" with Russia's military involvement in Ukraine and Syria \"are solved.\"\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;Sanctions were not discussed at my meeting with President Putin. Nothing will be done until the Ukrainian \\u0026amp;amp; Syrian problems are solved!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/884027201804488704\\\"\\u0026gt;July 9, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nTrump also claimed that the FBI and Central Intelligence Agency were rebuffed 13 times in seeking to examine computers at the Democratic National Committee that were hacked into by Russian interests.\nThe anti-secrecy group WikiLeaks subsequently released thousands of emails of Clinton's campaign chief John Podesta, many of them showing embarrassing behind-the-scenes efforts by Democratic operatives to help Clinton win the party's presidential nomination.\nClinton has blamed the almost daily release of the emails in the weeks leading up to the election as one reason why she lost, even as national polls said she would win.\n",
        "caption": "Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko, left, and U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson shakes hands before a meeting in Kyiv, Sunday, July 9, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F67E66A6-9506-489D-810F-28EBACCE380F.jpg",
        "id": "969_2",
        "answer": [
            "Russia"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Rex Tillerson"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_09_3934638",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_09_3934638_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who did the bald person in the image not speak favorably about?",
        "context": "Trump Clash With Civil Rights Icon Fuels Democrat Boycott \nCAPITOL HILL \u2014\u00a0\nPresidential inaugurations are usually politically unifying events in the United States, but this year a record number of lawmakers plan to publicly rebuke the president-elect when he takes the oath of office.\nAt least 40 Democratic members of Congress out of the 535 elected lawmakers are on the record saying they plan to boycott President-elect Donald Trump's inauguration Friday.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;John Lewis said about my inauguration, \\\"It will be the first one that I%27ve missed.\\\" WRONG (or lie)! He boycotted Bush 43 also because he...\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/821368088935432196\\\"\\u0026gt;January 17, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\\"thought it would be hypocritical to attend Bush%27s swearing-in....he doesn%27t believe Bush is the true elected president.\\\" Sound familiar! WP\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/821369651968012288\\\"\\u0026gt;January 17, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nTrump's divisive political style, which delivered victory at the polls, enters a new phase when he becomes president.\nA new poll of American public opinion indicates Trump will take office with 51 percent of people in the U.S. disapproving of his transition, and a 40 percent favorable rating \u2014 which is lower than his three immediate predecessors.\nThat poll was conducted before the president-elect tweeted harsh criticism of respected lawmaker and civil rights leader Rep. John Lewis, who said he did not view Trump as a \"legitimate president.\" Trump hit back Saturday, saying the congressmen should spend more time helping his constituents than \"falsely complaining about the election results.\"\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;Congressman John Lewis should spend more time on fixing and helping his district, which is in horrible shape and falling apart (not to......\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/820251730407473153\\\"\\u0026gt;January 14, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;mention crime infested) rather than falsely complaining about the election results. All talk, talk, talk - no action or results. Sad!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/820255947956383744\\\"\\u0026gt;January 14, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nPolitical scientist John Hudak says the unusually contentious nature of this election, clouded by threats of foreign interference, have created an atmosphere for a boycott.\n\u201cIt is not traditional for members of the opposite party to avoid a presidential inaugural \u2014 even when someone loses or there is some contention, typically the elected officials of Congress attend,\u201d said Hudak, a senior fellow in governance studies at the Brookings Institution.\nPresident-elect Donald Trump speaks with reporters in the lobby of Trump Tower in New York, Friday, Jan. 13, 2017.\nCriticism Over Russian Interference\nThe controversy began Friday when Lewis \u2014 who has served in the U.S. House of Representatives for thirty years \u2014 told NBC News he would not attend Trump's inauguration because he does not view the \u201cpresident-elect as a legitimate president.\u201d\n\u201cI think the Russians participated in helping this man get elected, and they helped destroy the candidacy of Hillary Clinton,\u201d Lewis said.\nTrump struck back with two early-Saturday morning tweets criticizing the Democratic lawmaker for not spending more time \u201con fixing and helping his district, which is in horrible shape and falling apart (not to\u2026mention crime infested) rather than falsely complaining about the election results.\u201d\nLewis represents a district that includes both wealthy and poor neighborhoods of Atlanta, Georgia. He commands an unusual level of bipartisan respect on Capitol Hill, due in no small part to his role in the Civil Rights movement in the early 1960s. As a young man, Lewis helped lead the historic March on Washington in 1963, and was beaten and jailed for protesting segregation in the southern United States.\nVice President-elect Mike Pence told CBS News on Sunday that he respects \u201cthe sacrifice\u201d of Lewis, but added \u201cDonald Trump has every right to defend himself.\u201d Reince Priebus, Trump's incoming White House Chief of Staff, said Lewis' \u201cirresponsible\u201d comments had started a \u201cfirestorm.\u201d\nPriebus called for outgoing President Barack Obama to \u201cstep up\u201d and call-out the Democrats' treatment of Trump. The White House said it would not get involved in the controversy.\nSenator Marco Rubio, a Republican from Florida who challenged Trump for the nomination in the primaries, said Monday that although he believed foreign governments had attempted to influence the election, he disagreed with Lewis' characterization of the election results as illegitimate.\nThe debate over legitimacy figured heavily during Obama's two terms, as Trump and other Republicans questioned the validity of his birth in the United States.\n\u201cThat set up a breakdown in norms that now Republicans are lamenting,\u201d Hudak noted, \u201cBut eight years ago, they were happy to applaud in order to empower certain bases within their party. So what a lot of politicians need to realize [is] that the satisfaction of immediate political goals can often have long-term unintended political consequences, and that's what we're seeing right now.\u201d\nRep. Jerry Nadler, D-N.Y., announces he is backing President Barack Obama\u2019s Iran nuclear deal during a news conference in Washington, June 16, 2015.\nDemocrats' protest\nIn the hours after the president-elect's tweet, the number of Democrats confirming they would not attend increased.\n\u201cAfter reading classified Russian hacking doc & @realdonaldtrump offensive Tweets to @repjohnlewis I will not be attending the inauguration,\u201d Rep. Mark Pocan, a Democrat from Wisconsin, wrote on Twitter.\nRep. Jerry Nadler, a Democrat from New York, told CNN in an interview \u201cthe last straw\u201d in his decision not to attend were Trump's \u201cad hominem personal attacks on an icon of the civil rights movement, someone who suffered beatings and almost gave his life for his country, Rep. John Lewis.\u201d\nBut Hudak said Democrats would better serve their cause by fighting for their values and convincing other members of Congress to move in their direction.\n\u201cUltimately the refusal to attend the inauguration of President Trump is meaningless, it is an empty protest,\u201d he said. \u201cIt is something that is not going to change the course of history or of policy or of politics.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Rep. John Lewis, D-Ga., third from left, accompanied by fellow lawmakers, speaks on Capitol Hill in Washington , June 23, 2016.",
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        "id": "32979_1",
        "answer": [
            "Trump"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "John Lewis"
        ],
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        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_16_3678600_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who vowed to destroy the people in the image?",
        "context": "Aid Groups Question Timing of Military Offensives in Somalia Amid Famine Risk\nHumanitarian agencies operating in Somalia say they are concerned about reports of upcoming military offensives in the country at a time when the risk of famine still persists.\nThe agencies made the statement Wednesday ahead of an international conference on Somalia to be held in London on Thursday.\nThe director of the humanitarian NGO umbrella organization, Abdurahman Sharif, told VOA Somali that the \u201cverge of a famine is not a good time to start military offensive.\u201d\n\u201cReports of upcoming military offensives in the country are concerning as past experience shows that military offensives make it harder for people to reach help and create even more displacement,\u201d he said.\n\u201cWe believe it is imperative that the focus be on humanitarian response and averting famine and that armed conflict is not escalated in the current environment.\u201d\nThe president of Somalia, Mohamed Abdullahi Farmajo, recently declared war against al-Shabab and has given himself a deadline of two years to defeat the group.\nFILE - Somalia's president, Mohamed Abdullahi Farmajo, speaks about the drought in his country during a joint news conference in Mogadishu with U.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres, March 7, 2017. (Photo: Abdulkadir Mohamed Abdulle)\nDeteriorating situation\nMeanwhile, President Donald Trump also has declared parts of al-Shabab-controlled territory as a \u201cwar zone,\u201d and an escalation of strikes against the militant group is expected.\nAid organizations believe military actions will exacerbate the already dire humanitarian situation, which they say is deteriorating, with more than 6 million Somalis in need of assistance.\nSharif said the London Conference on Somalia has an opportunity to \u201cgalvanize\u201d international support for Somalia in particular the humanitarian and development needs of the country.\nPresident Farmajo, U.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres and British Prime Minister Theresa May will co-chair the conference. Delegates from 37 international organizations and countries, including U.S. Defense Secretary Jim Mattis, are expected to attend the conference to give support to the new Somali government\u2019s plans for security structures and political stability.\nNick Kay, the former U.N. envoy to Somalia and current UK special envoy to the Horn of Africa, says the conference is very important for Somalia.\n\u201cFirst, world attention needs to be captured and kept on Somalia, there are so many competing priorities in the world that a conference like this is valuable for making sure people focus on Somalia and don\u2019t forget it,\u201d he said.\nFILE - In this photo taken Feb. 25, 2017, displaced Somali girls who fled the drought in southern Somalia stand in a queue to receive food handouts at a feeding center in a camp in Mogadishu, Somalia.\nSeeking self-sufficiency\nKay also said the conference is important to set priorities for the next four years and determine how Somalia will achieve them. He says Somalia is at a \u201cturning point, a watershed.\u201d\n\u201cAfter this, in 2017 onwards, Somalia is taking more and more responsibilities for its own affairs. The conference will put on the table for the first time the idea of a transition plan from AMISOM to the Somali national security forces,\" Kay said. \"It will agree a security pact which is the structure of the future Somali security forces and how the international community will support it.\u201d\nPolitical agreements reached by the federal government and regional administrations recently outlines the structure and the future size of the Somali army, police and regional forces. The structure says Somalia will have at least 18,000 national army, 4,000 Special Forces, 32,000 police forces and additional regional forces. On top of this, the government will work on creating national air forces and coast guards.\nAbdirahman Aynte is the former Somali minister of planning and lead organizer for the conference. He says it is formulated to give Somali government a political support for their plans to stabilize the country in the coming years.\n\u201cSecurity, economic development, political stability, and cooperation with international community, these are the main focus of the conference,\u201d he said.\nFILE - Hundreds of al-Shabab fighters perform military exercises in the Lafofe area, some 18 km south of Mogadishu, Somalia. Al-Shabab has been identified as both an internal threat to Somalia as well as an international threat due to its al-Qaida links.\n\u201cCome together and help\u2019\nRashid Abdi, the Horn of Africa Project Director for the International Crisis Group, says the international community needs to support Somalia on the security front and with current humanitarian crisis.\n\u201cSomalia and the international community have a good change to take advantage of this conference, but if it ends up like previous conferences were pledges are not followed up that will create problems for Somalia,\u201d he said.\n\u201cI think the president has a good plan to present to the conference on rebuilding the army and its capacity, this has never happened before. The international community should come together and help Somalia have a capable army that takes over security from AMISOM.\u201d\nThis is the third international conference hosted by the United Kingdom in London in five years. Britain has an embassy in Mogadishu and has also sent an army team of 70 personnel to support Somali security forces and AU mission.\nBritain's Horn of Africa envoy Nick Kay says Somalia is a \u201ctop African conflict priority\u201d for his country.\n\u201cIt\u2019s a top priority because of the threat that an unstable, insecure Somalia poses both to the region and more widely, because of the affiliation of al-Shabab to al-Qaida and now a small ISIS presence in the country,\u201d he said, using an acronym for the Islamic State group. \u201cIt\u2019s also a threat to international economy from piracy and it\u2019s also a dire humanitarian crisis where currently there is alert for famine and very hard drought situation.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Hundreds of al-Shabab fighters perform military exercises in the Lafofe area, some 18 km south of Mogadishu, Somalia. Al-Shabab has been identified as both an internal threat to Somalia as well as an international threat due to its al-Qaida links.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/A7E92CB6-3ACC-40DE-B6AD-A28BF7EC3925.jpg",
        "id": "21388_4",
        "answer": [
            "Mohamed Abdullahi Farmajo",
            "None",
            "The president of Somalia, Mohamed Abdullahi Farmajo"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "al-Shabab",
            "al-Shabab fighters"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_10_3846677",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_10_3846677_4"
    },
    {
        "question": "How were the people like those in the image managed?",
        "context": "Brazil Leaders Back Pension Reform Despite Protests, Graft Probe\nBRASILIA \u2014\u00a0\nBrazil's president and senior lawmakers were unwavering in their support for a major pension reform on Wednesday despite nationwide protests against the proposal and the dramatic expansion of a graft probe threatening the ruling coalition.\nMoody's Investors Service added a vote of confidence in the government, citing the ongoing progress of fiscal reforms as a reason for revising its outlook for Brazil's sovereign credit rating to \"stable\" from \"negative.\"\nBrazil's currency and benchmark stock index both rose around 2.0 percent on Wednesday, leading a rally in Latin American assets after the U.S. Federal Reserve signaled a gradual pace for interest rate rises.\nWednesday's developments underscored that the political momentum is still in President Michel Temer's favor as he pushes head with an unpopular austerity agenda that has drawn opposition into the streets but retained the support of congressional leaders.\nThe public backing from legislative allies was particularly important after Brazil's top public prosecutor moved on Tuesday to target dozens of senior politicians as part of a corruption probe centered on kickbacks at state oil company Petrobras.\nDespite the snowballing investigation and well-organized union resistance, Thomaz Favaro, a political analyst with global consultancy Control Risks, said Temer has built a more robust coalition than his predecessor, Dilma Rousseff, who was impeached last year as the Petrobras scandal gained steam.\n\"The coalition behind Temer has proven to be more stable than Dilma's and will continue to be so despite corruption investigations, due to the degree of ideological affinity that unites it on business initiatives and concern for Brazil's fiscal position,\" he said.\nBrazil's President Michel Temer speaks with Banco do Brasil CEO Paulo Rogerio Caffarelli, right, during a ceremony to launch the \"Simpler Undertakings\" Program in Brasilia, March 15, 2017.\nBrazil's prosecutor general reportedly named five members of Temer's cabinet and his most senior congressional allies in motions before the Supreme Court, but those same senior lawmakers said on Wednesday they were pressing on with reforms.\nAsked if the scandal would interfere with the legislative calendar, Senate President Eunicio Oliveira and House Speaker Rodrigo Maia said nothing had changed. Both said investigations would give a chance to clarify allegations in the press.\nTheir steadfast support contrasted with rowdy demonstrations that occupied the finance ministry in the capital Brasilia and snarled traffic in the business hub of Sao Paulo to protest Temer's proposed reforms.\nThe impact of a strike by public transportation workers was lighter than anticipated in Rio de Janeiro and other smaller cities.\nDemonstrators protest during a strike against Brazilian Social Welfare reform project, in Curitiba, Brazil, March 15, 2017. The placard reads: \"Work until die? No to reform.\"\nStill, an afternoon march drew tens of thousands to a midtown thoroughfare in Sao Paulo, highlighting well organized union resistance to limiting pension benefits and raising the retirement age as the government has proposed.\nA smaller demonstration in Rio was marked by clashes between masked protestors and police, who used tear gas to control the crowd.\nTemer told small business owners in Brasilia on Wednesday that pension reform was essential to lifting the economy from its worst slump on record and closing a huge fiscal deficit before it triggered an even deeper crisis.\n\"We can't do something too modest now or in four or five years we'll have to follow the example of Portugal, Spain, Greece and other countries that had to make a much bigger cut because they didn't take preventative measures,\" he said.\nMoody's said it expected Temer's pension reform to pass Congress in the second half of 2017.\n",
        "caption": "Protestors block the Presidente Dutra highway during a strike against Brazilian Social Welfare reform project from government, in Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil, March 15, 2017. The banner reads: \"Out, Temer. Out, all corrupt. Elections now.\" ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B92764DF-2D4D-44FB-B068-F58C7C9B35BF.jpg",
        "id": "29707_1",
        "answer": [
            "tear gas"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "protestors"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_15_3767817",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_15_3767817_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person in the image known to do?",
        "context": "China-Vatican Talks Threaten Taiwan With Loss of Most Crucial Ally\nTAIPEI \u2014\u00a0\nChina and the Vatican have been holding talks in recent months that could eventually re-establish diplomatic ties after more than 60 years, analysts say, meaning a likely break in the papal state's relationship with Chinese rival Taiwan and a major blow to Taipei's slipping recognition overseas.\nLast month the Chinese government\u2019s head of religious affairs told a meeting of the official Catholic Church in the vast Communist country that he hoped the Vatican would try to improve relations by adapting to his society. China and the Vatican dispute who should have power to appoint bishops, each seeking to exert more influence than the other.\nThe Vatican's recognition of Taiwan has helped the Asian government show other countries that it values religious freedom, different from the reputation of China, and that it has a powerful friend in Europe that China can\u2019t get, analysts say. Taiwan\u2019s other 20 diplomatic allies are small, mostly poor countries in Africa, Latin America and the South Pacific. They look to Taiwan for development aid.\nChina sees self-ruled Taiwan as part of its territory rather than a state with the right to foreign relations.\n\u201cTo be a small country, we still have to build up some formal diplomatic relations with some countries, and that is proof that Taiwan is a sovereign state, so I would say the Vatican is a small country but it has a very profound political, symbolic meaning to Taiwan,\u201d Wu Chung-li, a political science research fellow at Academia Sinica, a university in Taipei.\nChina severed relations with the Vatican 1951 two years after the Communists had won a Chinese civil war that also sent the Nationalists to Taiwan where they re-established their government.\nSince then, China has closed churches and imprisoned priests, according to news reports from Beijing. Catholics may legally practice religion in state-sanctioned churches not overseen by the Vatican. About one-third of an estimated 12 million Catholics in China worship at underground churches.\nPope Francis is described in Taiwan as being particularly keen to form relations with China, which Catholic News Agency described in October as a \u201cmajor effort of this papacy\u201d though also challenged by the question of recognizing Taiwan.\nFILE - Pope Francis celebrates a new year's Mass in St. Peter's Basilica at the Vatican, Jan. 1, 2017.\nChina-Vatican discussions last year focused largely on who could appoint bishops, Taiwan Vice President Chen Chien-jen told a news conference in Taipei Saturday. He called ties with Taiwan \u201cnormal\u201d and said it made sense for Chinese Catholics to seek bonds with the Vatican.\n\u201cI think relations with Taiwan are continuing to develop in a stable way,\u201d Chen said. \u201cAs for the Vatican-China talks, we think for mainland Chinese Catholics is quite important because every Catholic will want to have the Vatican\u2019s blessings.\u201d\nA possible Sino-Vatican agreement last month was set back when a bishop who was supported by the Beijing government -- and who had been excommunicated by the Vatican -- participated in the ordination of new bishops. China and the Holy See had communicated earlier last year on the same topic.\nTaiwan\u2019s relations with the Vatican have given the island valuable international exposure when its president attends the funerals of popes, said Fabrizio Bozzato, an associate researcher specialized in international affairs at Tamkang University in Taiwan. The Vatican\u2019s recognition of Taiwan also \u201cbestows a moral imprimatur\u201d on the island, he said.\nAn alliance with the Vatican also may help Taiwan keep the recognition of six predominantly Catholic Latin American countries, Wu said. Those governments might otherwise feel free to recognize China instead, he said. China does not allow its 170-plus foreign allies to recognize Taiwan.\nLast month Taiwan lost an ally in Africa, the island nation of S\u00e3o Tom\u00e9 and Principe, to China.\nChina would not normally be hurrying to form ties with the Vatican, a 44-hectare (110-acres) district inside Rome, but because of poor relations with President Tsai Ing-wen in Taipei it might speed things up, Bozzato said.\nTsai has upset Beijing since she took office in May by declining to see Taiwan as part of \u201cone China,\u201d a prerequisite for any dialogue. Beijing particularly expressed anger when Tsai called U.S. President-elect Donald Trump Dec. 2, raising the possibility of a closer Taiwan-U.S. relationship during Trump\u2019s term.\nA Vatican switch to China would point to a failure by Tsai to keep a particularly prized diplomatic relationship, said Alex Chiang, international relations professor with National Chengchi University in Taipei. It would send a signal to some, he said, that Tsai should find a way to open negotiations with China.\n\u201cIt hurts because we\u2019ve tried to keep the ties with the Vatican for many, many years,\u201d Chiang said, describing a scenario where the Vatican has broken off relations. But, he cautioned, \u201cthe pope is very interested in establishing a relationship with China just for the reason that there are a lot of Catholics in mainland China.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Chinese women walk past a decoration displaying a Baby Jesus doll part of a Nativity scene, at the Nantang Catholic Church in Beijing. Last month the Chinese government\u2019s head of religious affairs told a meeting of the official Catholic Church in the vast Communist country that he hoped the Vatican would try to improve relations by adapting to his society. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/2C3875D4-4123-4721-8683-752B76562106.jpg",
        "id": "4622_1",
        "answer": [
            "form relations with China",
            "religion"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Baby Jesus",
            "Pope Francis"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_04_3662425",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_04_3662425_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the woman in the image do?",
        "context": "Ex-Congresswoman Accused of Living Large on Charity Funds\nJACKSONVILLE, FLA. \u2014\u00a0\nProsecutors in Florida have told jurors a former congresswoman financed a lavish lifestyle of Beverly Hills shopping trips and fancy parties on donations to a charity ostensibly set up to help poor children with scholarships.\nTestimony will continue for a second day Thursday in the trial of former U.S. Rep. Corrine Brown, 70. She has pleaded not guilty to multiple fraud and conspiracy charges. Prosecutors have laid out an expansive case in U.S. District Court, charting years of payments they say were funneled from the charity to her personal bank accounts.\n\"She knew exactly how to lie to these donors, and knew exactly where the cash money was going,\" said Assistant U.S. Attorney A. Tysen Duva in his opening statement Wednesday.\nLawyers presented two opposing portraits of Brown to the federal jury in Jacksonville, part of a district the former Democratic congresswoman had represented since 1993. One was of an entitled, corrupt politician and the other that of a befuddled, aging lawmaker whose trusted adviser betrayed her. Her attorney James Smith said she was duped by her former chief of staff, Elias \"Ronnie\" Simmons.\nFederal prosecutors said Brown and her associates used a charity called One Door for Education to bring in more than $800,000 between 2012 and 2016, much of which they used for lavish trips, tickets to a Beyonc\u00e9 concert, shopping excursions in Beverly Hills and other personal expenses.\nBrown's indictment says the Virginia-based One Door only gave out one scholarship for $1,200 to an unidentified person in Florida.\nMeanwhile, prosecutors said, Brown and two of her closest associates \u2014 Simmons and former One Door President Carla Wiley \u2014 were transferring donations to their personal accounts. Simmons and Wiley already have pleaded guilty and are expected to testify against Brown.\nBrown, who is expected testify in her own defense, sat beside her attorney during Wednesday's presentation, appearing calm and confident. She chuckled with supporters in the courtroom hallway during a break.\nSmith, her attorney, said Brown was deceived by Simmons, who was like a son to her.\nSmith told jurors that around the time Simmons began depositing checks into Brown's personal accounts, she had handed over many of her professional affairs to him.\n\"Around time of the questionable transactions in 2012 ... she was into her mid-60s,\" Smith said, adding she was under an enormous workload as a member of Congress.\nHe said Brown didn't know how to email or text and highlighted that the emails used by prosecutors in their investigation were tied to Simmons and Wiley.\n\"A long time ago Corrine Brown placed her trust in Ronnie Simmons, and for years he betrayed her behind her back,\" Smith said.\nProsecutors focused on Brown's hands-on connection to One Door's fundraising with its first witness, addressing the defense's assertion that she was duped.\nJohn Picerne, a local real estate developer who donated $10,000 to One Door, said Brown talked to him directly about the donation in a phone call.\n\"If Ronnie Simmons would have asked you for a $10,000 donation, would you have given it?\" the prosecutor asked Picerne.\n\"No I wouldn't have,\" he said.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - In this Aug. 13, 2015 file photo, Corrine Brown talks with the press in Tallahassee, Fla.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D31A1B4D-4698-437D-BFC8-57AA7A535A28.jpg",
        "id": "3773_1",
        "answer": [
            "used a charity called One Door for Education to bring in more than $800,000 between 2012 and 2016"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Brown"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_27_3827745",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_27_3827745_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What thing did the person second from left in the image do?",
        "context": "Kenya's President Warns Against Violence During Party Nominations\nNAIROBI, KENYA \u2014\u00a0\nKenya's President Uhuru Kenyatta said on Thursday his government would not tolerate violence between rival camps of supporters in party primaries before a national election in August.\nTwo parliamentary candidates have been treated in hospital after being caught up in such a clash - a decade after an eruption of ethnic violence, in which more than 1,200 people were killed, following a disputed presidential poll.\n\"A culture of hooliganism during the electoral process must not and will not be allowed to gain currency and acceptance,\"\nKenyatta told a news conference at the main State House. Kenyatta, the wealthy son of the country's first president, is running for a second and final five-year term in the Aug. 8 vote.\nThe 2013 election passed off fairly peacefully, after opposition leader Raila Odinga, who is seen as Kenyatta's main rival, challenged Kenyatta's election in court. The court upheld the result.\nKenyatta's Jubilee Party and dozens of others are nominating their candidates, to beat the April 26 deadline, and hand over nominees to the Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (IEBC) by May 10 as required by law.\nThe main opposition coalition, the National Super Alliance of Kenya (Nasa), has yet to name its presidential candidate from among its top leaders, who include Odinga, and his 2013 running mate, Kalonzo Musyoka.\nMillions of voters will also pick a new parliament and local authorities when they cast their ballots in August.\nContests to lead the country's 47 local authorities are expected to be hard-fought affairs due to their budgets of billions of shillings.\nKenyatta said that all political parties taking part in the nominations had been given police protection to stem any acts of violence or hooliganism.\n\"Anybody who engages in acts of violence will be dealt with in accordance with the law, irrespective of who they are,\" he said.\n",
        "caption": "Kenyan opposition leaders (L-R), Musalia Mudavadi, Raila Odinga, Isaac Ruto, Kalonzo Musyoka, and Moses Wetangula sing the national anthem as they announce their National Super Alliance (NASA) coalition for the 2017 general elections in Nairobi, April 20, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/15C16A8B-9FC8-4E7B-9696-692386B5AA19.jpg",
        "id": "11643_1",
        "answer": [
            "none",
            "challenged Kenyatta's election in court"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "None",
            "Raila Odinga"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_20_3818490",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_20_3818490_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where did the person with the two handbags in the image go?",
        "context": "This Day in History: Watergate Leaker 'Deep Throat' Reveals Self in 2005\nTwelve years ago today, May 31 \u2014 and 31 years after the resignation of President Richard Nixon \u2014 the principal leaker in the Watergate scandal, known as \u201cDeep Throat,\u201d revealed his identity in an article published in Vanity Fair magazine. \nMark Felt's coming forward stunned both Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein, whose reporting in The Washington Post newspaper helped bring down Nixon\u2019s presidency. Both went to great lengths to conceal Felt\u2019s identity, and they promised to keep it a secret until his death.\nWashington Post reporters Carl Bernstein and Bob Woodward at work in 1973.\nAlthough his name was circulated in the years after Nixon resigned, Felt consistently denied being Deep Throat.\n\u201cI never leaked information to Woodward and Bernstein or to anyone else,\" he wrote in his 1979 memoir. \nJust six years before his 2005 admission, Felt, then aged 91, was quoted as saying, \u201cIt would be contrary to my responsibility as a loyal employee of the FBI to leak information.\u201d\nFormer Associate FBI Director W. Mark Felt, and his wife Audrey, appear on NBC's \"TODAY\" television show in Washington, D.C. on April 11, 1978.\nDuring the middle of the night in an Arlington, Virginia, parking garage, Felt corroborated stories linking Nixon\u2019s reelection committee to the Watergate break-ins and illegal investigations of the Democratic Party. \nHe also alerted Woodward to the far-reaching nature of the scandal, indicating that it could be traced back to government higher-ups, including Nixon himself.\nSen. George McGovern (D-SD) reads the newspaper headline of President Nixon's resignation, Aug. 7, 1974.\nNixon resigned \u2014 the first president to ever do so \u2014 while impeachment proceedings were underway. Top aides H.R. Haldeman, John Erlichman and White House Counsel John Dean all spent time in prison.\nOther key players who were jailed: John Mitchell, Attorney General, Howard Hunt and G. Gordon Liddy, both former White House staffers, along with Charles Colson, special counsel to the president.\nPresident Nixon's White House Chief of Staff H.R. Haldeman, left, and presidential adviser John D. Ehrlichman, right, deplane Air Force One at Andrews Air Force Base in Md. in this April 1973 file photo.\nAdditionally, five burglars, who were caught breaking in to the Democratic national headquarters at the Watergate Hotel, were jailed.\nIn 1973, The Washington Post won a Pulitzer Prize for its coverage. Hollywood made of a movie in 1976 called \u201cAll the President\u2019s Men,\u201d starring Robert Redford and Dustin Hoffman.\nrenderExternalContent(\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/zZi8n49RMGE?&&fs=1\")\nMark Felt died on December 18, 2008, at the age of 95.\n",
        "caption": "President Nixon's White House Chief of Staff H.R. Haldeman, left, and presidential adviser John D. Ehrlichman, right, deplane Air Force One at Andrews Air Force Base in Md. in this April 1973 file photo.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/55ED3A2E-9C5A-454F-B7CF-4F29AE9BBA8C.jpg",
        "id": "13055_5",
        "answer": [
            "prison",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "H.R. Haldeman"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_31_3881289",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_31_3881289_5"
    },
    {
        "question": "What can the people posing in the image not get because of military attacks in their country?",
        "context": "Childrens' Rights Groups Urge UN Chief to Blacklist Saudi Coalition for Yemen Attacks\nUNITED NATIONS \u2014\u00a0\nTwo children\u2019s rights groups are calling for the U.N. secretary-general to put Saudi Arabia on a U.N. blacklist of countries that violate children\u2019s rights, for its military actions in Yemen.\nWatchlist on Children and Armed Conflict, and Save the Children, issued the appeal Thursday at the launch of a new joint report on how the destruction of Yemen\u2019s health care infrastructure is harming children in that country.\n\u201cIn Yemen, medical facilities and personnel are being systematically attacked as a tactic of war, preventing children\u2019s access to health care,\u201d said Christine Monaghan researcher for Watchlist and the author of the report.\nA man sits as others stand near the wrapped up bodies of children from the same family, one day after they were killed in a Saudi-led airstrike on their house in Bajil district of the Red Sea province of Houdieda, Yemen, Oct. 8, 2016.\nCiting Red Cross statistics, the advocacy groups say the warring parties are responsible for at least 160 attacks on medical facilities and personnel over the last two years.\nThe attacks have led to the destruction of an already weak health care system, and children, already among the most vulnerable, are suffering severely as a result.\n\u201cEight-point-one million children lack access to basic health care -- an increase of more than 70 percent over the past few years,\u201d Monaghan said. \u201cChildren are dying of preventable diseases, including malnutrition, diarrhea and respiratory infections.\u201d\nAccording to the U.N. Children\u2019s agency, UNICEF, a child in Yemen dies every 10 minutes from a preventable disease.\nNot the First Time\nLast July, then-U.N. Secretary General Ban Ki-moon included the Saudi Arabian-led coalition on the annual blacklist as one of the parties that kills and maims children and engages in attacks on schools and hospitals. He later removed them, citing \u201cundue pressure\u201d from the oil-rich nation and threats of defunding of lifesaving U.N. programs.\nPeople gather at a school damaged by Saudi-led airstrikes in Sanaa, Yemen,, July 20, 2015.\nThe Saudis denied ever having pressured the U.N. chief to remove them from the list.\n\u201cThe Saudi Arabian-led coalition and the Houthis - and each party\u2019s respective allies - are denying sustained humanitarian access and are directly attacking hospitals and clinics,\u201d Monaghan told reporters.\nAlready one of the Arab world\u2019s poorest countries when Iranian-backed Houthi rebels tried to seize power from the internationally recognized president, Abdu Rabu Mansour Hadi, in September 2014, Yemen has been subjected to a two-year Saudi-led aerial campaign to restore Hadi to power. Since then, the U.N. says thousands of civilians have been killed and injured and more than 3 million displaced from their homes. Nearly 19 million Yemenis are in need of humanitarian assistance, but a U.N. appeal for more than $2 billion is only 6 percent funded.\nToday, the country is on the brink of famine as humanitarian organizations have limited access, food prices have surged, and a Saudi-imposed air and sea blockade has hindered food deliveries to a country that pre-conflict imported 90 percent of its food stocks.\nYemenis present documents in order to receive food rations provided by a local charity, in Sanaa, Yemen, April, 13, 2017.\nThe U.N. has classified Yemen as a level three emergency \u2013 Syria and Iraq are the only other two humanitarian crises rated this severe.\nRecommendations\nThe advocacy groups are calling on Secretary-General Ant\u00f3nio Guterres to put the Saudis on the U.N. blacklist for violating children\u2019s rights when it is published later this year.\nThey also are calling for all parties to immediately cease attacks on medical facilities and personnel; allow humanitarian workers safe and unhindered access; and for both sides to sign action plans with the U.N. to stop and prevent attacks on medical facilities.\nTo the Saudi-led coalition, the groups are urging an immediate end to the air and sea blockade and the reopening of commercial airspace over Yemen. \nThey also are urging the U.N. Security Council to sanction parties responsible for grave violations against children and attacks on hospitals, and to develop a mechanism to ensure accountability.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Displaced children pose for a photo as they sit in their family's tent at a camp for internally displaced people in the outskirts of Sana'a, Yemen, June 8, 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/8AD4F63A-99CE-4663-AAA1-9EF9EFAB2C08.jpg",
        "id": "21174_1",
        "answer": [
            "access to health care"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "children"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_20_3818884",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_20_3818884_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person with white hair in the image suggest?",
        "context": "Trump Denies Being Under Investigation, Comey Says President Demanded 'Loyalty' \nCAPITOL HILL / WHITE HOUSE \u2014\u00a0\nA report in a major U.S. newspaper late Thursday said President Donald Trump summoned Federal Bureau of Investigation Director James Comey to the White House in January where the president asked Comey to \"pledge his loyalty to him.\"\nComey was fired by Trump Tuesday, creating a political firestorm and raising concerns in some circles about a constitutional crisis.\nThe New York Times said Comey refused to make the pledge, but instead told Trump that he would \"always be honest with him.\" Trump pressed Comey several times for his loyalty, and finally Comey told the president he would have the FBI director's \"honest loyalty,\" according to the newspaper account.\nComey told associates about the dinner and asked them not to tell anyone while he was FBI director, but the associates feel free to talk about details of the dinner now that Comey is no longer at the FBI helm, the Times reported.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;James Comey better hope that there are no \\\"tapes\\\" of our conversations before he starts leaking to the press!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/863007411132649473\\\"\\u0026gt;May 12, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nIn an interview with NBC News Thursday, Trump gave a different account of the dinner. The president said Comey requested the meeting because the FBI director wanted to keep his job. The president did not mention a loyalty pledge request.\nIn the television interview, the president said he had asked the head of the nation\u2019s prime law enforcement agency whether he was being investigated.\nTrump said he asked Comey \u201cif it\u2019s possible, would you let me know, am I under investigation? He said, \u2018You are not under investigation.\u2019\u201d\nThe president, in the television interview, repeated \u201cI am not under investigation\u201d when asked about Comey\u2019s sworn testimony that there is an ongoing probe into his 2016 president campaign and possible collusion with the Russian government.\n'Highly inappropriate'\nLegal analyst Bradley Moss, who specializes in national security issues, called such an exchange \"highly inappropriate\" at a minimum.\n\u201cThere is supposed to be a line that is not crossed, including asking the FBI if you yourself are the target of the investigation,\u201d Moss told VOA.\nBut Moss, deputy executive director of The James Madison Project, a Washington-based organization that promotes government accountability, added it is \u201cdifficult to say if it is actually illegal, since Comey allegedly responded that Trump was not under investigation.\u201d\nLaurence Tribe, a Harvard professor specializing in constitutional law, wrote on Twitter it is \u201cnow totally clear that Trump\u2019s firing of Comey was an obstruction of justice. That was the first article of impeachment against Nixon.\u201d\nThat is a reference to former President Richard Nixon, who resigned in 1974 less than a month after the House of Representatives began impeachment proceedings against him.\nTrump asserts in Thursday\u2019s interview he would have fired Comey even if top Justice Department officials had not recommended it, calling former President Barack Obama's appointee \u201ca showboat. He's a grandstander.\u201d\nComey was directing investigations into connections between the Trump campaign and Russian officials, along with possible meddling by Moscow in the 2016 U.S. presidential election.\nThe letter from Deputy Attorney General Rod Rosenstein titled \"Restoring Public Confidence in the FBI\" is photographed in Washington, May 9, 2017.\nRosenstein memo\nThe White House on Thursday continued to defend its dismissal of the FBI chief and denied it tried to put the responsibility on Deputy Attorney General Rod Rosenstein's memo for the abrupt removal.\n\u201cI don\u2019t think there was ever an attempt to pin the decision on the deputy attorney general\u201d for Comey\u2019s firing, said Sarah Huckabee Sanders, the White House principal deputy press secretary.\nHowever, Sanders, White House Press Secretary Sean Spicer and even Vice President Mike Pence earlier had asserted Trump\u2019s firing decision was based on the deputy attorney general\u2019s memo.\nAt the center of the scrutiny is whether Rosenstein was instructed to draft a memo justifying Comey's dismissal or whether he decided to write the document without direction.\nRosenstein was upset with suggestions made by the White House that his memo suggested he called for Comey\u2019s firing Tuesday, according to The Washington Post and ABC News.\nRosenstein\u2019s memo mentioned Comey\u2019s mishandling of last year\u2019s investigation into Democratic presidential candidate Hillary Clinton\u2019s use of a private email server while she was secretary of state.\nDemonstrators gather outside the White House in support of an investigation of Donald Trump, May 10, 2017.\nRussian investigation\nHowever, news media reports quote sources who assert Comey was ousted because he wanted to intensify the Russia investigation.\nThe firing has prompted Democrats to amplify their calls for an independent investigation of the Russia case. The attorneys general of 20 states are also calling for appointment of a special counsel.\nComey was appointed by Obama in 2013. FBI directors serve 10-year terms, to insulate them from political interference, but can be removed by presidents.\nUntil now the only other time an FBI director had been dismissed was in 1993 when President Bill Clinton removed William Sessions who refused to voluntarily leave amid ethical concerns.\nCapitol Hill correspondent Michael Bowman and National Security correspondent Jeff Seldin contributed to this report \n",
        "caption": "FILE - Vice President Mike Pence, left, and Secret Service Director Joseph Clancy stand as President Donald Trump shakes hands with FBI Director James Comey during a reception for inaugural law enforcement officers and first responders in the Blue Room of",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/35EA928B-0E22-4397-A267-9D0FD9873FCD.jpg",
        "id": "18404_1",
        "answer": [
            "Trump\u2019s firing decision was based on the deputy attorney general\u2019s memo",
            "Trump\u2019s firing decision was based on the deputy attorney general\u2019s memo.",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Mike Pence",
            "Pence"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_12_3849061",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_12_3849061_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person with the grey hair in the image trying to do?",
        "context": "Mattis: US Faces \u2018Determined Enemy\u2019 in Afghanistan\nU.S. Defense Secretary Jim Mattis said Tuesday that American forces in Afghanistan face \u201ca determined enemy\u201d but are dealing significant blows to the enemy.\nSpeaking at a news conference in Copenhagen alongside his Danish counterpart, Claus Hjort Frederiksen, Mattis said both the Islamic State group and al-Qaida are losing ground and power in Afghanistan as the government, under President Ashraf Ghani, \u201c wins the affection, the respect and the support\u201d of the people.\n\u201cIn Afghanistan, the enemy has lost about two-thirds of its strength and this past weekend, President Ghani announced the death of the emir of IS Khorasan \u2014 this is the IS group in Nangarhar...,\u201d Mattis said. \u201cIn our anti-IS campaign, we\u2019re dealing that group one more significant blow with the loss of their leader.\u201d\nU.S. and Afghan officials announced recently that Abdul Hasib, the head of so-called Islamic State in Afghanistan, had been killed in a military raid. He was believed to have been behind an attack that killed 50 people in a Kabul military hospital earlier this year.\nMattis said the United States will continue integrating its military and non-military efforts in Afghanistan and do everything possible to prevent civilian casualties.\n\u201cWe have to remember that the battlefield that we are fighting on is also a humanitarian field where innocent people live right now, sometimes forced to stay on a battlefield by IS,\u201d he said.\nThe comments from Mattis come as U.S. media report the Trump administration may significantly increase the number of U.S. troops and intensity of the fight in Afghanistan.\nAccording to reports, Trump is weighing whether to send as many as 5,000 more troops to Afghanistan. The U.S. currently has about 8,400 troops stationed in the country.\nWhite House spokesman Sean Spicer said Trump has asked military advisers \"to relook at the entire strategy\" in Afghanistan.\nNews accounts say the prospective plan would give the Pentagon, not the White House, the final say on the number of troops in Afghanistan, while the U.S. military would have greater range in using airstrikes to target Taliban fighters and remove Obama-era policies limiting the movements of military advisers in the country.\nTrump will reportedly make a decision on the Afghanistan policy prior to a May 25 NATO summit in Brussels.\n",
        "caption": "Danish Prime Minister Lars Loekke Rasmussen (R) gestures during a meeting with United States Defense Minister, former General James Mattis (L) in the prime minister's office at Christiansborg Castle in Copenhagen, Denmark, May 9, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/DD759C52-3DB6-4AB9-99AD-456667F06D2A.jpg",
        "id": "3119_1",
        "answer": [
            "integrating its military and non-military efforts in Afghanistan and do everything possible to prevent civilian casualties."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Mattis"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_09_3844695",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_09_3844695_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the event the people in the image celebrate do?",
        "context": "Indian PM Modi Wins Sweeping Victory in Crucial State\nNEW DELHI \u2014\u00a0\nIndian Prime Minister Narendra Modi's Bharatiya Janata Party won a landslide victory in the politically crucial northern state of Uttar Pradesh, giving the Indian leader a huge boost half way through his term.\nThe country\u2019s most populous state, where the BJP swept away the ruling regional Samajwadi Party, was the biggest electoral prize of the five states which went to the polls in recent weeks.\n\"I give my heartfelt thanks to the people of Uttar Pradesh. This is a historic victory for the BJP; a victory for development and good governance,\" Modi said.\nModi personally led his party\u2019s campaign in Uttar Pradesh, promising growth and defending his controversial ban on high value currency notes, which many had feared would alienate poor voters in an impoverished state.\nBharatiya Janata Party workers celebrate, holding up a cardboard cut-out of Prime Minister Modi, in New Delhi, India, March 11, 2017. (A. Pasricha/VOA).\nBut in a ringing endorsement of the Indian leader, the BJP won the biggest victory secured by any party in recent decades in the battleground state. According to the Election Commission, it was ahead in more than 320 seats in the 403-member state assembly.\nBJP\u2019s chief strategist in the polls, Amit Shah, attributed the huge win to Modi\u2019s pro-poor policies and the \u201cpolitics of performance.\u201d Calling it a historic mandate, he said that \u201cThe country\u2019s poor people have put their faith in a big way in Mr. Modi.\u201d\nParty workers held raucous celebrations outside the party office in New Delhi and Uttar Pradesh\u2019s capital, Lucknow, setting off fire crackers and dancing.\n\u2018A win-win\u2019\nPolitical analysts said the resounding victory in Uttar Pradesh puts the BJP in a commanding position ahead of the 2019 general elections and enhances Modi\u2019s reputation as a strong leader who can make politically risky decisions.\nBharatiya Janata Party workers beat drums and dance to celebrate, in New Delhi, India, March 11, 2017. The party's win in Uttar Pradesh is a huge boost for Indian Prime Minister Modi. (A. Pasricha/VOA)\n\u201cIt's all a win-win situation for Mr. Modi and BJP,\u201d said Sanjay Kumar, who heads the Center for the Study of Developing Societies in New Delhi. \u201cThis indicates an approval of Modi\u2019s policies. It also gives an indication that Modi\u2019s popularity is clearly intact, he has been able to establish a good connect with the people.\u201d\nWinning Uttar Pradesh was crucial for Modi. After a landslide victory in the national parliament in 2014 and successes in several regional polls, the BJP had suffered big electoral setbacks in Bihar and Delhi.\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nIndian PM Modi Wins Sweeping Victory in Crucial State\nShare this video\n0:00:30\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:30\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 1.4MB\n360p | 2.2MB\n720p | 11.0MB\n1080p | 8.2MB\nTop leaders of the BJP called the results a mandate for the prime minister\u2019s leadership.\nThe victory in Uttar Pradesh will likely silence the strident criticism Modi received for his currency ban, which he said was aimed at cracking down on corrupt people. It will also make it easier for the Indian leader to press ahead with a reform program, which has often met roadblocks in the upper house of parliament where the BJP lacks a majority. But the strong showing in the state will, over time, improve the BJP\u2019s numbers in the upper house, to which the country\u2019s biggest states send the most number of lawmakers.\nBJP workers set off firecrackers in celebration, in New Delhi, India, March 11, 2017. (A. Pasricha/VOA)\nThe results in the remaining four states, which are smaller and of less political significance, were a mix. The BJP ousted the main opposition Congress Party in another northern state, Uttarakhand, but lost power in Punjab, where the Congress party got a convincing victory. The Congress Party also emerged ahead of the BJP in two other states, Manipur and Goa, although it fell short of a majority.\nAlthough the opposition Congress Party got some small consolation from its victory in Punjab, political analysts said the results show the party has not been able to reverse its decline since its stinging defeat in the 2014 polls. \u201cThey should not see it as a sign of revival of the Congress nationally. This is just one state which they managed to win because of the misgovernance of the ruling party,\u201d says analyst Kumar.\nMen on horseback celebrate outside BJP offices in New Delhi, India, March 11, 2017. (A. Pasricha/VOA)\n",
        "caption": "There were raucous celebrations outside Bharatiya Janata Party headquarters as news of the party's huge win in Uttar Pradesh came in on Saturday, in New Delhi, India, March 11, 2017. (A. Pasricha/VOA).",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/56F570B1-490C-416D-8BD4-1AA523DDFBF3.jpg",
        "id": "26099_1",
        "answer": [
            "enhances Modi\u2019s reputation as a strong leader"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Uttar Pradesh"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_11_3761195",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_11_3761195_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What political group encompasses the majority like those in the image?",
        "context": "Facing Hometown Anger, Some Republican Lawmakers Split from Trump on Key Issues\nCRANFORD, NEW JERSEY \u2014\u00a0\nAppearing at a town hall in upscale Cranford, New Jersey, this week, five-term Republican congressman Leonard Lance got a barrage of complaints from constituents about President Donald Trump.\n\"This administration is the most foul administration I have ever seen in my life. The stench that comes from Washington can be smelled in my hometown,\" said Martin Carroll of Watchung, New Jersey, who drew a standing ovation.\nAnother man, who identified himself as Alan, lambasted what he called the \"criminality\" of the Trump administration. \"When will you call them out?\" he asked Lance.\nLance, a mild-mannered 64-year-old, is one of many centrist Republicans who are feeling voter heat over Trump and are vulnerable to a backlash in next year's congressional elections.\nU.S. Representative Leonard Lance, R-N.J., answers voters' questions during a town hall meeting with constituents in Cranford, New Jersey, May 30, 2017.\nDemocrats hope to make the 2018 mid-term elections a referendum on Trump. Any path they have for capturing the Republican-led House of Representatives runs through areas such as Lance's, one of 23 Republican districts that voted for Democrat Hillary Clinton in the 2016 presidential election.\nIn Lance's district, anger has risen over proposed cuts to domestic programs, Republican efforts to roll back Obamacare \u2014 President Barack Obama's health care overhaul \u2014 and allegations of collusion between Trump's campaign team and Russia, despite the president's denial of any such contacts.\nAt the Cranford town hall, the congressman made clear he has differences with Trump on issues such as the budget and a special counsel investigation into any links between Trump's campaign and Russian officials.\nWhile Trump has called the Russia probe a \"witch hunt,\" Lance said he believes it is necessary and that he will \"let the chips fall where they may\" when the findings come in.\nLance also questioned the economic assumptions underpinning Trump's budget and said he opposed its proposed cuts for the arts and environmental programs.\nOf the 23 Republicans in districts that voted for Clinton, Lance has been among the more vocal in distancing himself from Trump. But there are others. Republican Representative Barbara Comstock of Virginia has said she could not defend Trump's decision to fire FBI Director James Comey.\nDissenters\nComstock and Lance were among 20 Republicans who voted against the Trump-backed Republican health care bill in May. Nine of those dissenters hailed from the 23 Republican districts where Clinton beat Trump in November.\nFILE - Republican U.S. presidential candidate Donald Trump, left, speaks with U.S. Representative Darrell Issa, right, after a rally with supporters in San Diego, California, May 27, 2016.\nIn California, Republican Representative Darrell Issa has faced weekly protests in his district since Trump's inauguration in January.\nIssa says he backs Robert Mueller, the special counsel in charge of the Russia investigation, and like Lance, he opposes Trump's proposed cuts to the Environmental Protection Agency.\nBut Issa infuriated Trump opponents with his backing of the health care bill.\n\"We saw your vote!\" some chanted outside Issa's office, while others displayed the message \"Repeal & Replace Issa\" on a California bridge.\nStill, the 23 districts, which have a majority of white voters and tend to be moderately well-educated and well-off, do not make easy targets for Democratic congressional candidates.\nRepublicans have triumphed repeatedly in these districts during the past 20 years, winning 198 races to Democrats' 36.\nAnd Republicans have won every U.S. House election in 11 of those districts since 1996.\nIn Lance's district, a collection of well-heeled bedroom communities outside New York City, registered Republican voters outnumber Democrats, but \"unaffiliated\" voters outnumber both categories.\nBalancing act\nLance is rated a slight favorite to keep his seat by the Cook Political Report, a non-partisan election tracker.\nSpeaking after the Cranford town hall, Lance said he thought the crowd had been less contentious than those that had confronted him at recent constituent meetings. He thought his rejection of the health care bill was one reason.\nVoters react to a question from the audience to U.S. Representative Leonard Lance, R-N.J., during a town hall meeting with constituents in Cranford, New Jersey, May 30, 2017.\n\"I guess I had to prove my bona fides,\" Lance said. \"I vote with the president when I think he's right and I don't vote with him when I don't agree with him.\"\nBut Democrats note Lance had earlier backed Trump's health care bill in a House committee. Lance should have \"tried to convince his colleagues to do the right thing, and he didn't do that,\" said Linda Weber, a 53-year-old bank executive who is one of four people already seeking the Democratic nomination to take on Lance next year.\nEd Harris, a retired attorney who attended the Cranford town hall, said Lance's rejection of the health care bill was a step in the right direction. Harris, an unaffiliated voter, said he voted for Clinton in 2016, though not enthusiastically.\n\"I thought the bubonic plague was better than Trump,\" Harris said. \"I will support anybody who is opposed to Trump.\"\nVoters like Harris pose a conundrum for Lance and other Republican moderates as they prepare for the mid-term elections.\nDiffering with the president may help them win over centrists or independents, but then they run the risk of alienating Trump supporters.\nTrump backer Wells Pikaart, a sales manager from Westfield, New Jersey, said he understands Lance's predicament but was nonetheless disappointed that the congressman did not vote in favor of the Republican health care bill.\n\"I think that he needs to use his time now to advance the president's agenda,\" Pikaart said.\n",
        "caption": "A voter holds up a sign during a town hall meeting with constituents by U.S. Representative Leonard Lance, R-N.J., in Cranford, New Jersey, May 30, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/C95E3CC1-D29C-4004-9166-991458744BBE.jpg",
        "id": "26179_1",
        "answer": [
            "\"unaffiliated\""
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "voters"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_02_3884952",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_02_3884952_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What do people feel the person depicted in the picture in the image is?",
        "context": "Poll: Russians View Stalin as 'Greatest' Figure in History\nA recent poll of Russian opinion shows that a majority of the population thinks former dictator Josef Stalin was the greatest figure in history.\nCurrent President Vladimir Putin came in a joint second with beloved Russian writer Alexander Pushkin.\nThe poll was conducted in April by the Levada Center, a Russian independent research organization not affiliated with the Russian government. The poll asked participants to make an order of the 10 greatest individuals of all time.\nThe order was not limited to Russian figures.\nThe poll said 38 percent chose Stalin as their top individual, with Putin and Pushkin coming in a close second with 34 percent. Former Soviet statesmen Mikhail Gorbachev came in last with 6 percent.\nThe results were vastly different than that of a similar poll done in 1989, where 12 percent chose Stalin.\nIt is estimated that more than 1 million people were killed during the Stalin regime, with millions more dying in forced labor camps or as a result of mass deportations and starvation.\nIn a 2012 poll, Stalin led with even higher numbers, indicating that his victories in World War II were more memorable than the countless executions under his rule.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A man holds a portrait of Soviet dictator Josef Stalin during a demonstration marking the 99th anniversary of the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution in Moscow, Russia, Nov. 7, 2016. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/E1865150-9759-4E1E-A2F9-39A834ECA6B6.jpg",
        "id": "32374_1",
        "answer": [
            "the greatest figure in history"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "dictator Josef Stalin"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_26_3916559",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_26_3916559_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Why are the people in the image still defending against the group?",
        "context": "4 Female Suicide Bombers Die in Northern Cameroon\nYAOUNDE \u2014\u00a0\nFour female suicide bombers were killed Wednesday after crossing into northern Cameroon from Nigeria, according to local officials. The news underscores the continued threats in Nigeria's border areas.\nThe governor of Cameroon\u2019s Far North region, Midjiyawa Bakari, told VOA that self-defense groups spotted the four young women crossing the border in pairs early Wednesday. Three of them detonated their suicide vests, killing only themselves, the governor said, while the fourth was shot and killed by soldiers.\nHe said he is congratulating the military and self defense group who have dedicated their lives to fight the terrorists. He said the population should know that the war against Boko Haram has not ended, so they should double their vigilance knowing Cameroon is still fighting the war.\nCameroon Minister of Communication and government spokesperson Issa Tchiroma told VOA that troops have been pushing back on the cross-border threat.\nHe said a series of joint raids by Cameroonian and Nigerian troops begun in mid-December has destroyed a Boko Haram logistical base in Goshe. He said the base was used to mount deadly cross-border attacks on civilians.\n\"Several manufacturing units of explosive devices were destroyed. A dozen explosive devices were neutralized. Training camps were dismantled. Hundreds of terrorists were definitely neutralized. Over 30 fighters were captured and handed over to Nigerian forces. Hundreds of hostages were freed and handed over to Nigerian forces,\" said Tchiroma.\nFILE - Members of a civilian vigilante group stand guard at the border with Nigeria in Kerawa, Cameroon, March 16, 2016. Kerawa is on the border with Nigeria and is subject to frequent Boko Haram attacks.\nVOA could not immediately verify that information. Access to combat zones remains restricted, and mobile communications are spotty.\nTchiroma said the military gains have not come without a cost. He said three Cameroonian soldiers were killed last week, one by a bomb and two others during heavy fighting.\nIn December, Nigeria announced that it had flushed Boko Haram out of key strongholds in the Sambisa forest and the border between Cameroon and Nigeria was completely reopened for the first time in three years, a key sign of progress. But officials cautioned border towns remain vulnerable.\nThe Boko Haram insurgency began in 2009 in northeastern Nigeria, but has since spread to three neighboring countries. More than 25,000 people have been killed and close to 2.3 million displaced, according to international aid agencies and rights groups.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Members of a civilian vigilante group stand guard at the border with Nigeria in Kerawa, Cameroon, March 16, 2016. Kerawa is on the border with Nigeria and is subject to frequent Boko Haram attacks.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D60A4E61-1512-4DF6-94B0-E72D0A0598CE.jpg",
        "id": "2599_2",
        "answer": [
            "Cameroon is still fighting the war",
            "war against Boko Haram has not ended",
            "the war against Boko Haram has not ended"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Boko Haram",
            "Cameroon",
            "civilian vigilante group"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_11_3671858",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_11_3671858_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What has the person wearing the black tie in the image not done?",
        "context": "2 US Officials to Testify About Trump Claim That Obama Wiretapped Him \nTwo key U.S. officials are set to testify publicly about whether there is any truth behind the explosive, but unsubstantiated, claim by U.S. President Donald Trump that former President Barack Obama wiretapped his Trump Tower headquarters in the weeks before last year's presidential election.\nBoth Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Director James Comey, and National Security Agency chief Admiral Michael Rogers likely would have known about the eavesdropping if it occurred.\nThey are to appear Monday before the House of Representatives Intelligence Committee as part of a hearing into Russia's efforts to influence last November's presidential election.\nPresident Donald Trump, left, sits with House Speaker Paul Ryan on Capitol Hill in Washington during a \"Friends of Ireland\" luncheon, March 16, 2017.\nFor more than two weeks, Trump has refused to back down on his allegation, even as a string of officials, including House Speaker Paul Ryan and the top Republican and Democratic lawmakers on both the Senate and House Intelligence Committees, have said there is no evidence to support Trump's March 4 wiretapping claims he made in a series of Twitter comments.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;James Clapper and others stated that there is no evidence Potus colluded with Russia. This story is FAKE NEWS and everyone knows it!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/843772976151642112\\\"\\u0026gt;March 20, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;The Democrats made up and pushed the Russian story as an excuse for running a terrible campaign. Big advantage in Electoral College \\u0026amp;amp; lost!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/843776582825267201\\\"\\u0026gt;March 20, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;The real story that Congress, the FBI and all others should be looking into is the leaking of Classified information. Must find leaker now!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/843779892776964097\\\"\\u0026gt;March 20, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nOn Sunday, Republican Congressman Devin Nunes, the chairman of the House panel, told Fox News that new information lawmakers received Friday from the Justice Department about the possibility of a wiretap has not changed his conclusion.\n'There never was'\n\"Was there a physical wiretap of Trump Tower? No, but there never was, and the information we got on Friday continues to lead us in that direction,\" Nunes said.\nNeither Rogers nor Comey has spoken publicly about the president's allegation.\nBut Comey, as the FBI chief, sought to get the Justice Department, which oversees the FBI, to disavow Trump's claim shortly after the president made it, but the agency has not released any statement.\nAttorney General Jeff Sessions, who oversees the Justice Department and was a staunch Trump supporter during the presidential campaign, said last week he never gave the president any reason to believe he was wiretapped in the weeks before the November election.\nWhite House press secretary Sean Spicer takes a question from a member of the media during the daily press briefing at the White House in Washington, Feb. 21, 2017.\nTrump's White House spokesman, Sean Spicer, last week suggested that the wiretapping was carried out by British agents, citing a statement on Fox News by a legal analyst, Andrew Napolitano.\nThe British electronic intelligence agency, the GCHQ, said the report was \"utterly ridiculous and should be ignored,\" but when asked about it Friday at a White House news conference, Trump deflected any blame for linking the British to his wiretapping allegation.\n\"All we did was quote a certain very talented legal mind who was the one responsible for saying that on television,'' Trump said of the claim that Obama had enlisted the British to eavesdrop on him. \"You shouldn't be talking to me, you should be talking to Fox.\"\nFox replies\nA short time later, a Fox News anchor said, \"Fox News cannot confirm Judge Napolitano's commentary. Fox News knows of no evidence of any kind, that the now president of the United States was surveiled at any time, in any way. Full stop.\"\nLast week, the leaders of of the Senate Intelligence Committee, Republican Richard Burr and Democrat Mark Warner, said in a joint statement, \"Based on the information available to us, we see no indications that Trump Tower was the subject of surveillance by any element of the United States government, either before or after Election Day 2016.\u201d\nFILE - Democratic presidential candidate Hillary Clinton speaks with senior aide Huma Abedin aboard her campaign plane at Westchester County Airport in White Plains.\nThe wiretapping allegation is part of broader investigations by the FBI and lawmakers into the conclusion by the country's intelligence community that Russia meddled in the election in an effort to help Trump defeat his Democratic challenger, former U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton.\nU.S. investigators say Russian President Vladimir Putin ordered the hacking into the computers at the Democratic National Committee.\nThe anti-secrecy group WikiLeaks subsequently released thousands of emails from the files of Clinton campaign chief John Podesta in the month before the election, showing embarrassing, behind-the-scenes efforts of Democratic operatives to help Clinton win the party's presidential nomination.\nBut the Trump administration has rebuffed any contention that its campaign aides colluded with Russian officials in that cyberattack.\n",
        "caption": "From left, National Security Agency chief Admiral Michael Rogers and FBI Director James Comey will testify publicly about whether there is any truth behind the explosive, but unsubstantiated, claim by U.S. President Donald Trump that former President Bara",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/058EC452-9CA5-4CAB-8D4B-33703474D350.jpg",
        "id": "14466_1",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "spoken publicly about the president's allegation"
        ],
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            "Rogers",
            "Michael Rogers"
        ],
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    },
    {
        "question": "What does the man on the left in the image want to change in his country?",
        "context": "In Trade with Africa, US Playing Catch-up\nThe U.S. may be a global superpower, but when it comes to trade and investment in Africa, it lags far behind. China, with $200 billion in trade with the continent, more than doubles that of the U.S.\nThat means that while Africans paid attention to the U.S. presidential election, they were much more concerned by a slowdown in China's economy.\n\"U.S. dynamics are far less important to us than what's happening in China,\" said Francois Conradie, head of research at NKC African Economics, a South African subsidiary of Oxford Economics based in Cape Town. \"The biggest risk for us is Chinese demand slowing down sharply.\"\nFILE - U.S. President Barack Obama addresses the U.S.-Africa Business Forum in Washington, Aug. 5, 2014.\nDuring his presidency, Barack Obama made it a priority to try and narrow the trade gap between the U.S. and China.\nIn 2012, he launched the Doing Business in Africa Campaign to help make the U.S. Government's trade resources more easily available to the U.S. private sector, and African public and private partners.\nIn September 2016, he hosted the U.S. Africa Business Forum in New York where he announced $9 billion in private trade and investment with Africa. He said U.S. foreign direct investment in African countries rose by 70 percent during his time in office.\n\"I think the key to his legacy is that he has brought trade and investment to the forefront of the U.S.-Africa policy agenda,\" said Witney Schneidman, senior international adviser for Africa at Covington & Burling LLP and non-resident fellow at the Brookings Institution.\n\"When you look at the totality of this, not only does it say that the U.S. has interests in Africa with investing in the success,\u201d he said, \u201cbut that the U.S. wants to be part of the emerging dynamic on the continent that is looking to business to create jobs, to generate opportunities, to generate growth, to generate skills and this is a really important dynamic.\"\nA number of U.S. companies are now developing long-term investment strategies on the continent, including the private equity firm Blackstone, General Electric and Johnson & Johnson. The change is apparent, although the American businesses are still considered the new kids on the block.\n\"U.S. corporations are testing the waters, assessing whether investing in Africa is profitable and looking at opportunities,\" said Alex Vines, head of the Africa Program at U.K.-based Chatham House. \"And that's a good thing because the U.S. has been particularly weak corporately in Africa compared to other parts of the world. Very prominent in terms of humanitarianism, very prominent, the world leader, in terms of philanthropic giving, very much less so on the corporate side of things.\"\nFILE - Kenyan workers prepare clothes for export at a factory in Athi River, near the Kenyan capital, Nairobi, July 31, 2009.\nRefocusing on trade\nAnother milestone during the Obama term was the ten-year extension of the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA), which opened the U.S. market to African businesses by eliminating import levies on 7,000 products ranging from textiles to cut flowers.\n\"I think one of the great successes of the African Growth and Opportunity Act has been the expansion of textile manufacturing, particularly in Kenya and Ethiopia where, increasingly, multinational firms have shifted operations from South Asia to East Africa and to the Horn,\" said Brett Carter, an assistant professor at the school of International Relations at the University of Southern California. \"That's, I think, really has been a triumph of the AGOA legislation. It wouldn't surprise me that a Trump presidency would continue that.\"\nLooking toward the incoming administration, Schneidman sees AGOA as an opportunity for President-elect Donald Trump to negotiate a better deal.\nIn the 16 years since it was first signed, Schneidman said, much has changed. The continent is much more developed, and the European Union and China have since signed trade deals with African countries that are more mutually beneficial and put U.S. companies and products at a disadvantage.\n\"I think Trump could take a look at this and say, \u2018You know, we need to do something different, and maybe we need to make AGOA a little tougher as it concerns the access of U.S. companies to the continent,'\" Schneidman said.\nFILE - Workers of Ivory Coast Kuyo pipeline company assemble pipelines in Tiebissou, near Abidjan, the economical capital of Ivory Coast.\nTrump priorities\nBut Carter believes Trump's main emphasis in economic partnerships with Africa will relate to oil and gas extraction.\nHe pointed to the fact that Trump's nominee for Secretary of State, Rex Tillerson, the former head of ExxonMobil, has prior relationships with the leaders of the Republic of Congo, Equatorial Guinea and Angola.\n\"I would, I think, expect more of a focus on extractive industries than I would on supporting nascent manufacturing sectors, frankly,\" Carter said. \"I should say that those manufacturing sectors would be far more potentially lucrative for the continent's economic growth.\"\nCarter also worried that the U.S. could lose its focus on good governance and democracy in a chase for lucrative deals.\nFILE - Chinese President Xi Jinping, right and Republic of Congo President Denis Sassou Nguesso wave as they walk past Chinese children waving flags and flowers to welcome them at a welcome ceremony held outside the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, China, July 5, 2016.\nHe pointed to media reports that Trump planned to grant his first meeting after the election with an African head of state to Denis Sassou-Nguesso, the president of oil-rich Republic of Congo. Sassou-Nguesso has ruled the country for all but five years since 1979, and recently pushed for the constitution to be amended so he could have a third consecutive term in office.\n\"Many citizens from various parts of the continent want the United States to be less willing to sacrifice its humanitarian ideals for economic gain,\" Carter said. \"And I think that it's quite clear that the Trump administration will privilege economic gain, the United States economic interests, over, frankly, the concerns for most African citizens.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Chinese President Xi Jinping, right and Republic of Congo President Denis Sassou Nguesso wave as they walk past Chinese children waving flags and flowers to welcome them at a welcome ceremony held outside the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, China, July 5, 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/4EB6FF2E-8797-4EA9-804C-5490B9ACFA6E.jpg",
        "id": "33515_5",
        "answer": [
            "for the constitution to be amended so he could have a third consecutive term in office"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Sassou Nguesso"
        ],
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        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_18_3676351_5"
    },
    {
        "question": "What has one of the leader of the people in the image asked from them?",
        "context": "EU Renews Call for Venezuelan Peace Talks\nThe European Union is pressing Venezuela\u2019s government and opposition groups to resume negotiations toward peacefully resolving the political crisis that has convulsed the country for nearly two months. \nIn a statement issued Monday, the EU repeated concerns it had expressed last July seeking \"an urgent, constructive and effective dialogue.\"\nThe EU\u2019s current statement calls for \"all Venezuelan political actors and institutions to work in a constructive manner\" and to \"avoid violent acts.\" Since early April, at least 38 people have died and many more have been injured in clashes between opponents and backers of President Nicolas Maduro\u2019s government. The EU statement called for investigating \"all incidents of violence.\"\nDissatisfied Venezuelans have taken to the streets to demand that the socialist Maduro schedule long-delayed elections, release political prisoners and permit the delivery of humanitarian aid. Their demonstrations, and those of Maduro's backers, have escalated since the government-friendly Venezuelan Supreme Court's late-March attempt to strip the National Assembly of its legislative powers and since Maduro's May 1 call for a new constitution.\nThe EU has a direct stake in the conflict, its statement noted, \"with more than 600,000 European citizens\" living in Venezuela. The EU said it \"reiterates its readiness to cooperate with the Venezuelan authorities\" to ensure their safety.\nProtests continue\nOn Monday, responding to a call for a nationwide sit-in, activists again barricaded streets and highways with lawn chairs, tree limbs and garbage.\n\"I\u2019m here for the full 12 hours\" of the sit-in, which started at 7 a.m., human resources worker Anelin Rojas, 30, told Reuters news service while perched cross-legged with a novel in the middle of Caracas\u2019 main highway. \"And I\u2019ll be back every day there\u2019s a protest, for as long as is necessary. Unfortunately, we are up against a dictatorship.\"\nOpposition supporters confront riot security forces while rallying against President Nicolas Maduro in Caracas, Venezuela, May 12, 2017.\nAppeals to troops\nMaduro repeatedly has accused the United States of leading an attempt to overthrow his government. He has ordered troops to block opposition marches, using equipment including tear gas, rubber bullets and water cannons. \nOn Sunday, Maduro opponents sought to win over the troops to their way of thinking.\nDozens of women in black converged on the National Guard\u2019s headquarters in Caracas, in a Mother\u2019s Day appeal to the country\u2019s armed forces to \"listen to your mothers\" and set aside weapons.\n\"Today, Venezuelan mothers have come to talk to the soldiers, to the National Guard, at all the barracks in Venezuela,\" said former National Assembly lawmaker Maria Corina Machado, according to Reuters. These women are telling soldiers \"not to obey orders from the dictatorship, from the dictator who has robbed food and brought blood to his country. Listen to your mothers!\"\nSeparately, the head of the opposition-led National Assembly also urged security forces toward conversation, not combat.\nMaduro \"is pushing you as an institution to ignore the constitutional order of Venezuela and you have to stop that situation,\" Julio Borges, the lawmaker, said at a news conference Sunday.\nVOA Spanish Service correspondent Alvaro Algarra contributed to this report from Caracas.\n",
        "caption": "Opposition supporters confront riot security forces while rallying against President Nicolas Maduro in Caracas, Venezuela, May 12, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/552690A7-4B30-4290-BECF-572B0C2D092E.jpg",
        "id": "33056_2",
        "answer": [
            "conversation, not combat"
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            "opposition"
        ],
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        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_15_3851828_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What religion is the person in the center of the image a part of?",
        "context": "\u2018Islamic Factor\u2019 Colors Final Round of Jakarta Governor Vote\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nFor the second time in as many votes, the \u201cIslamic factor\u201d is expected to play a key role in the outcome of Jakarta\u2019s gubernatorial election. The latest local poll suggests that a run-off vote for the city's de-facto mayor on Wednesday is too close to call.\nThe run-off quickly became a continuation of a struggle that emerged in the initial vote, when moderates favoring a pluralistic society faced off against conservatives eager for Islam to dominate politics and society in Indonesia's huge capital city.\nFILE - Jakarta's Governor Basuki \"Ahok\" Tjahaja Purnama gestures inside the courtroom during his blasphemy trial in Jakarta, Indonesia, Jan. 3, 2017.\nViolence and protests marked campaigning before a three-way vote in February that left the current governor, Basuki \"Ahok\" Tjahaja Purnama, who is ethnically Chinese and a Christian, pitted against Anies Baswedan, who is Muslim. With only 164,255 votes separating the two, and third-place candidate Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono holding a 17-percent share of the vote, neither Purnama nor Baswedan won a majority, and a run-off was required. \nFILE - An election official explains to an elderly woman how to give her vote at a polling station in Jakarta, Feb. 15, 2017.\nThis stage of the campaign has been punctuated on social media by the frequent use of a word once heard only rarely in public discourse in Jakarta \u2014 \u201ckafir,\u201d or heathen, to describe Purnama and the voters supporting him, even those who are Muslim. Banners commanding \u201cDon't vote for a heathen\u201d hang throughout Jakarta, the capital of a Muslim-majority nation that recognizes all citizens' right to freedom of religion.\nThe change in the tone of the campaign reflects Baswedan's changing views. The former education minister in the government of President Joko Widodo has courted conservative and hard-line Muslims. While he once described the Defenders of Islam Front (FPI) as a radical group, photos of him with the FPI chairman taken in January remain popular on social media. After the first round of voting, local media reports said he suggested there may have been fraud at polling stations in predominantly ethnic-Chinese areas.\nAnies Baswedan (C) is seen with his wife Fery Farhati Ganis (L) and his daughter Mutiara Annisa Baswedan as he casts his ballot during an election for Jakarta's governor in Jakarta, February 15, 2017 in this photo taken by Antara Foto.\nBaswedan \u201chas changed his views very much on issues of pluralism and tolerance,\u201d said Sarah Shair-Rosenfield, an assistant professor at the School of Politics and Global Studies at Arizona State University, who studies Indonesian elections.\n\u201cThe election, for many, seems like a sort of question for Jakarta \u2014 and perhaps to a wider extent for Indonesia \u2014 about whether or not it is acceptable to have a non-Muslim as governor of the country\u2019s largest city.\u201d\nPurnama, popular with middle-class residents for his work to curtail corruption and improve the quality of life, is a so-called \u201cdouble-minority\u201d in a majority-Muslim nation. He was accused of blasphemy, a criminal offense, last year, and his trial before a panel of judges continues; a verdict has been delayed until the day following the run-off vote. Purnama has apologized for his comments and denied any wrongdoing.\nProtests by hardliners against Purnama have left many \u201cconcerned about the future of pluralism in Indonesia,\u201d said Jeremy Menchick, an assistant professor at the Pardee School of Global Studies at Boston University, whose book Islam and Democracy in Indonesia: Tolerance without Liberalism was published last year. \u201cThere\u2019s also a perception that intolerance is winning.\u201d\nFILE - A Muslim man shouts slogans during a rally against Jakarta's minority Christian Governor Basuki \"Ahok\" Tjahaja Purnama demanding him to be sacked outside the parliament in Jakarta, Indonesia, Feb. 21, 2017.\nShair-Rosenfield suggested that while public support for groups such as the FPI fluctuates, \u201cit is a little concerning\u201d to see candidates who are \u201cwilling to make deals with hardliners.\u201d\nBoth academics said the race is close, a perception borne out by a survey conducted between March 31 and April 5 by Saiful Mujani Research and Consulting (SMRC). It puts Baswedan as the front-runner, based on 47.9 percent of the respondents saying they would vote for him. Purnama stood at 46.9 percent, and the survey noted that 5.2 percent of voters remained undecided.\n\u201cThe gap between them is too narrow, so we cannot say that Anies [Baswedan] is leading,\u201d SMRC researcher Deni Irfani said on Wednesday.\nAccording to the survey, 32.4 percent of Baswedan\u2019s voter base cited \u201csimilar religion\u201d as the reason they would vote for him. More than 40 percent of Purnama\u2019s base credited his track record in governing the city as the factor that earned their votes.\nA combination picture shows people raising their finger after voting during an election for Jakarta's governor in Jakarta, Indonesia February 15, 2017.\nLocal media have reported the Jakarta Military Command, the Jakarta police and the Jakarta Public Order Agency will have as many as 64,000 officers deployed for Wednesday's vote.\n\"Each polling station will be guarded by a police officer and an army officer,\" and other personnel will be stationed throughout the capital, the military commander of Jakarta, Major General Jaswandi, has told reporters.\nThis report originated from VOA's Indonesian Service.\n",
        "caption": "Anies Baswedan (C) is seen with his wife Fery Farhati Ganis (L) and his daughter Mutiara Annisa Baswedan as he casts his ballot during an election for Jakarta's governor in Jakarta, February 15, 2017 in this photo taken by Antara Foto.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/79485A3F-05E5-4F09-B3E6-3D313B89349B.jpg",
        "id": "11145_4",
        "answer": [
            "Islam",
            "Muslim",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Anies Baswedan"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_16_3812289",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_16_3812289_4"
    },
    {
        "question": "What do some think the weapon in the image might do?",
        "context": "US Polls: Americans Support Missile Attack on Syria, But Not Further Military Action\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nTwo new U.S. public opinion polls show Americans support President Donald Trump's missile attacks on Syria for its use of chemical weapons, but have little appetite for further military action against the regime of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad.\nA CBS News poll showed that by a 57-to-36 percent margin, those surveyed favored Trump's assault last week, when the U.S. launched 59 missiles at an airfield believed to have served as a base for Syria's gas attacks that killed dozens and sickened hundreds more. \nA Huffington Post/You Gov survey showed a 51-to-32 percent edge in favor of Trump's decision, the first direct U.S. attack on Syria during its six-year civil war.\nBut both polls showed only about a fifth of those polled want the U.S. leader to take further military action against the Damascus government.\nThe CBS poll said seven in 10 Americans think Trump should get congressional approval before taking any further action. The Huffington poll said that only a third of those it polled think that Trump's missile attack will deter Assad from using chemical weapons again.\nTrump's approval ratings were in the mid-to-upper 30 percent range before the attacks, historic lows for a new U.S. leader. But CBS said the figure has now risen to 43 percent, while a separate pollster, Gallup, said Trump's approval rating stands at 40 percent. \n",
        "caption": "The USS Ross (DDG 71) fires a tomahawk land attack missile Friday from the Mediterranean Sea, April 7, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/4ABBDA45-9A82-447D-83C2-F984E0DF36A6.jpg",
        "id": "33346_1",
        "answer": [
            "deter Assad from using chemical weapons again"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "missile"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_10_3804268",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_10_3804268_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What stopped the person responsible for the security in the image?",
        "context": "German Prosecutors: Syrian Suspected of Planning Truck Attack Arrested\nBERLIN \u2014\u00a0\nA Syrian migrant who arrived in Germany two years ago has been arrested on suspicion of seeking funds from Islamic State to drive truck bombs into a crowd, a German state prosecutor's office said on Monday.\nThe arrest follows an attack two weeks ago when a Tunisian whose asylum request had been rejected rammed a truck into a Berlin Christmas market, killing 12 people. The man, Anis Amri, 24, was later shot dead by Italian police.\nIn the latest case, the prosecutor in the western city of Saarbruecken said the 38-year-old Syrian was detained on Saturday and a formal arrest warrant was issued on Sunday on suspicion that he was trying to raise 180,000 euros ($189,000) to fund an attack.\nProsecutor Christoph Rebmann said the man, whom he did not name, was suspected of seeking the money from Islamic State in Syria to buy trucks and load 400-500 kg (880-1,100 pounds) of explosives into each of them.\n\"He is suspected of ... requesting 180,000 euros from a contact person in Syria on his cell phone from Saarbruecken in December, 2016 so that he could acquire vehicles to pack with explosives and drive them into a crowd,\" Rebmann said in a statement.\nThe man has admitted making contact with Islamic State, which is also know as ISIS, but denied he had any plans to stage an attack.\n\"He said he wanted the money from ISIS to support his family back in Syria,\" Rebmann told Reuters, adding that the Syrian had said he wanted to fool the jihadist group into sending him the money.\nThe Syrian is from the city of Raqqa, Islamic State's main stronghold in the country. The prosecutor's office in Saarbruecken, near the French border, had been alerted to his activities by the BKA federal crime office.\nThe Syrian came to Germany on December 5, 2014, just before a wave of more than 1.1 million asylum-seekers arrived from the Middle East, Africa and Asia in 2015. He was given permission to stay in Germany on January 12, 2015.\nChancellor Angela Merkel, who made the now-controversial decision to open the country's borders to refugees in September, 2015, described Islamist terrorism on New Year's Eve as the greatest test facing Germany.\nShe has also said she is sickened by the prospect that refugees Germany has tried to help could mount attacks.\nInterior Minister Thomas de Maiziere said that failed asylum seekers who are regarded as a danger should be detained until they can be deported. He made the suggestion in a guest column in Tuesday's edition of the Frankfurter Allgemeine newspaper.\nPolitical analysts, conservative allies and diplomats have said a major attack could damage Merkel's hopes of winning a fourth term in September's election. The far-right Alternative for Germany (AfD) party has blamed her policies for the December 19 Berlin attack.\nIn October, a Syrian refugee committed suicide in prison after being arrested on suspicion of planning an attack on a Berlin airport.\n($1 = 0.9544 euros)\n",
        "caption": "German police patrol with submachine guns at the Christmas market at Breitscheid square in Berlin, Dec. 30, 2016. An Tunisian attacker ploughed through a crowd at the market with a truck, killing at least twelve people.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/653CB9C7-921B-4142-BA35-77C3F3A054C5.jpg",
        "id": "5427_1",
        "answer": [
            "Italian police",
            "patrol"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "German police ",
            "Tunisian"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_02_3660187",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_02_3660187_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who is going against the person on the right of the image?",
        "context": "Thousands Take Part in World May Day Protests \nLONDON \u2014\u00a0\nProtesters in the United States and around the world have marked International Workers Day, May Day, with rallies and demonstrations that turned violent in displays of anger against authoritarianism and right-wing politics from France to Turkey.\nWATCH: Luis Ramirez video report on protests\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nThousands Take Part in World May Day Protests\nShare this video\n0:01:37\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:37\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 4.8MB\n360p | 8.1MB\n720p | 48.3MB\nMay Day is traditionally a day of protest, and this one was no exception. Police fired tear gas on demonstrators rallying in Istanbul\u2019s Taksim Square, the scene of past bloody May Day crackdowns. \nTensions in Turkey have been high after President Recep Tayyip Erdogan narrowly won a referendum last month giving him sweeping new powers.\nPolice arrested more than 200 people Monday.\nGlobal May Day Protests\nViolence in Venezuela\nMay Day protests also turned violent in Venezuela, where there were dueling anti- and pro-government demonstrations. Security forces in the capital, Caracas, fired tear gas at youths throwing stones who were protesting the socialist government of President Nicolas Maduro.\nA month of protests against the government have left 29 people dead. Opposition leaders in Venezuela are calling on Maduro to step down, blaming him for the country's failing economy. The president accuses his opponents of trying to overthrow him.\nMoscow parade\nThings were more jovial in Russia, on what turned out to be beautiful spring day with more than 100,000 marching in Moscow.\nRussians dance as they parade on Red Square to mark May Day in Moscow, May 1, 2017, with the Spassky Kremlin tower in the background.\n \u201cThis shows people's unity when so many people gather. This is the day of labor, peace and the weather is so beautiful. And we can see the people's feelings by the smiles on their faces,\u201d said Yuri, a march participant in Moscow.\nThe spirit was in sharp contrast to Saturday, when thousands of Russians lined up to present their grievances in letters at government offices. Organizers of the mass protest said police arrested demonstrators in cities across Russia, including 120 people in St. Petersburg. \nFrench election campaigning\nFrance, which is still under a state of emergency and with elections less than a week away, was on high alert. The government deployed 9,000 police in various parts of the country to keep supporters of the two main candidates, centrist Emmanuel Macron and nationalist Marine Le Pen, apart.\nFrench conservative candidate from the first-round election Nicolas Dupont-Aignan, left, and french far-right presidential candidate Marine Le Pen sing the \"Marseillaise\", the French national anthem at the end of their meeting, May 1, 2017, in Villepinte.\nLe Pen, who wants to curb immigration by Muslims, get France out of the EU, and bring back jobs for French factory workers, led a rally outside Paris, where she called Macron \u201cthe candidate of the caviar Left.\u201d \nMacron also campaigned Monday, but his supporters were generally not visible among the May Day demonstrators. \nThousands, including labor union activists, marched in central Paris, many of them protesting Le Pen.\nYouth, right, face French riot police officers during the May Day demonstration, May 1, 2017, in Paris. Paris police are firing tear gas at rowdy protesters on sidelines of May Day workers' march.\n\u201cWe have to block Marine Le Pen, we all agree about that, and we have to do it while stopping further increases in the vote and percentage of Marine Le Pen which would cost us in the future,\u201d said Jean-Claude Mailly, leader of Force Ouvri\u00e8re, one of France\u2019s main labor union conglomerations.\nDemonstrators in Paris threw firebombs and clashed with police.\nWith elections so near and the issues so divisive, the battle lines could not be clearer on this day of protest.\nProtesters take to the streets on May Day in New York to protest U.S. President Donald Trump's immigration policies. (R. Taylor/VOA\nAcross the U.S.\nIn the United States, May Day's rallying point has shifted from workers to immigrants. Thousands of people are marking the day from New York to Los Angeles with protests against President Donald Trump's focus on boosting deportations. Organizations have called for immigrant strikes in some cities to show Americans what a day without immigrants would look like. \nIn Washington, about 150 businesses closed, most of them restaurants and legal offices. Other businesses in the city offered a paid day for employees who wanted to demonstrate.\n",
        "caption": "French conservative candidate from the first-round election Nicolas Dupont-Aignan, left, and french far-right presidential candidate Marine Le Pen sing the \"Marseillaise\", the French national anthem at the end of their meeting, May 1, 2017, in Villepinte.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B63CA7D0-C17A-464E-B2DA-CDE5BD24D797.jpg",
        "id": "33570_3_2",
        "answer": [
            "labor union activists"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Le Pen"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_01_3832583",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_01_3832583_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "How does the perception of Guantanamo from the man in the image differ from Obama's administration?",
        "context": "Attorney General Sessions to Visit Guantanamo Bay Prison\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nAttorney General Jeff Sessions is visiting Guantanamo Bay Friday in a show of support for the prison he has called a fine place to detain new terrorism suspects, as opposed to having them prosecuted by the Justice Department in U.S. courts.\nSessions is traveling to the detention facility in Cuba with his deputy, Rod Rosenstein, to gain \u201can up-to-date understanding of current operations,\u201d Justice Department spokesman Ian Prior said. They will \u201cmeet with the people on the ground who are leading our government-wide efforts\u201d there. It is Sessions' first trip there since becoming attorney general.\n\u201cRecent attacks in Europe and elsewhere confirm that the threat to our nation is immediate and real, and it remains essential that we use every lawful tool available to prevent as many attacks as possible,\u201d Prior said.\nSessions has long been a vocal supporter of the continued use of Guantanamo, calling it a \u201cvery fine place for holding these kind of dangerous criminals.\u201d\n\u201cWe've spent a lot of money fixing it up,\u201d Sessions told the conservative talk show host Hugh Hewitt in a March interview. \u201cAnd I'm inclined to the view that it remains a perfectly acceptable place. And I think the fact that a lot of the criticisms have just been totally exaggerated.\u201d\nThe support for Guantanamo now represents a complete reversal of eight years of efforts to close it. The Obama administration sent no new detainees there, and though it didn't fulfill a promise to shut it down, whittled the population from 242 to 41.\nObama's Justice Department maintained that the U.S. civilian court system was the most legally sound forum in which to prosecute terror suspects captured in the U.S. and overseas and cited hundreds of convictions in New York and other cities as proof.\nFormer Attorney General Eric Holder sought unsuccessfully in 2009 to move the suspected ringleader of the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks, Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, from Guantanamo to New York for trial, and though the plan was derailed by political opposition, has since expressed vindication as the military tribunal system at Guantanamo stalled.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Attorney General Jeff Sessions speaks in Bethesda, Maryland, June 21, 2017. Sessions is visiting the Guantanamo Bay detention facility, which he has called a fine place to house new terrorism suspects.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/FC024EF4-0107-42D3-8896-7B5C6B4778B3.jpg",
        "id": "1380_1",
        "answer": [
            "has long been vocal supporter of the continued use of Guantanamo"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Jeff Sessions"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_07_3932623",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_07_3932623_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in the middle of the image encourage?",
        "context": "Jakarta's Jailed Former Governor Drops Appeal in Blasphemy Case\nThe family of Basuki Tjahaya Purnama and his lawyers on Tuesday announced the recently defeated governor of Jakarta better known as \"Ahok\" had revoked the decision to appeal a two-year sentence for blasphemy handed down by the North Jakarta District Court.\nAhok's wife, Veronica Tan, delivered the notice to the court Monday. She did not comment on the decision, which was filed less than an hour after Purnama's legal team filed paperwork for the appeal, according to local media.\nOn Tuesday, she cried as she read a statement written by her husband.\n\"I know it's not easy for you to accept this fact, much less me,\" she said at a news conference, quoting her husband. \"But I have learned to forgive and accept all this, for the good of the nation and the state.\"\nRespect for Ramadan\nAhok's sister, Fifi Lety Indra, who is part of his legal team, told VOA Indonesia late Monday that her brother opted out of the appeal in part to end demonstrations on his behalf and out of respect for Ramadan, which begins Friday.\nThere was also the chance that if the appeal failed, he would receive a longer sentence.\nHis decision \"benefits all interested parties,\" his sister said.\nFILE - Jakarta Governor Basuki \"Ahok\" Tjahaja Purnama, center, is escorted by prosecutors as enters the courtroom for his sentencing hearing in Jakarta, Indonesia, May 9, 2017.\nAhok was put on trial in December over accusations that he insulted Islam while campaigning on one of the islands near the capital, Jakarta. Ahok quoted a verse in the Quran to prove to his supporters that there were no restrictions on Muslims voting for non-Muslim politicians. His statement was edited and widely spread in social media, triggering demonstrations. As he campaigned, he faced protesters demanding that he be jailed or executed. \nThe blasphemy allegations against Purnama, a Chinese Christian, sparked mass protests spearheaded by conservative Muslims during the governor's race and the runoff vote.\nElection loss\nThe blasphemy sentence, which is more than prosecutors sought, came on May 9, less than a month after he lost his election bid to stay in his position as Jakarta's governor. Purnama lost to Anies Baswedan, a university rector and former minister of education and culture, who courted the conservative Islamic vote.\nPurnama called on Indonesians to uphold the rule of law, said his sister, adding that he was grateful for his supporters' faith in him.\n\"He considered it carefully,\" said his sister. \"He is a fighter, but he considers other people's feelings, and the fasting month [Ramadan] will come soon. If he did not revoke the appeal, the demonstration will continue.\"\nPurnama's family has accepted his decision, said his sister. \"We are ready. We have explained it to the children that their father is not corrupt; he is slandered, he was treated unfairly. We told them that 'you must uphold your head because your father defends the constitution.' He is a hard worker. He is the leader. They understand.\" \nThis story originated on VOA's Indonesia service. \n",
        "caption": "FILE - Jakarta Governor Basuki \"Ahok\" Tjahaja Purnama, center, is escorted by prosecutors as enters the courtroom for his sentencing hearing in Jakarta, Indonesia, May 9, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/8F9CE93A-A59C-4DE4-8A7D-832C06D43CB9.jpg",
        "id": "31325_2",
        "answer": [
            "Indonesians to uphold the rule of law"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Purnama"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_23_3868003",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_23_3868003_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What type of vehicles like those in the image are not allowed?",
        "context": "For First Time, Drones Used in Major Search at Grand Canyon\nPHOENIX \u2014\u00a0\nThe desperate effort this week to find two hikers who disappeared at the bottom of the Grand Canyon represented the National Park Service\u2019s most extensive use yet of drones in a search-and-rescue mission.\nThe Grand Canyon is the only national park with its own fleet of unmanned aircraft for locating people who have gotten lost, stranded, injured or killed. Under a program that began last fall, it has five drones and four certified operators.\nWhile the aerial search for the two hikers came up empty, it threw a spotlight on technology that can enter crevices and other rugged spots unreachable by foot while sparing searchers the dangers of going up in a helicopter.\nBeautiful and dangerous\nWith its steep cliffs, nearly 2,000 square miles and mesmerizing views, the Grand Canyon can be as dangerous as it is captivating. \nRangers were confronted with 1,200 medical emergencies, 293 search-and-rescue missions and 17 deaths in 2016, a year in which the park had nearly 6 million visitors. Last summer, a 35-year-old Yelp executive tripped while hiking, fell backward and was found dead 400 feet below.\n\u201cOur historic model was to take the helicopter to look and see,\u201d said Grand Canyon chief ranger Matt Vandzura. But now, drones can offer \u201cthat same close look but without putting any people at risk. It has dramatically increased our ability to keep our people safe.\u201d\nThe drones are about 18 inches across and 10 inches high, with a battery life of about 20 minutes. Drone operators watch the video in real time and then analyze it again at the end of the day. \nMissing hikers\nThe aircraft were used Monday through Wednesday in the search for LouAnn Merrell, 62, and her step grandson, Jackson Standefer, 14. The park also sent out three ground search teams of about 20 people in all, an inflatable motorboat and a helicopter.\nMerrell and Standefer vanished last weekend after losing their footing while crossing a creek near the North Rim. They were on a hike with Merrell\u2019s husband, Merrell Boot Co. co-founder Randy Merrell, and the boy\u2019s mother. \nThe park soon scaled back the operation and stopped using the drones but continued the search. In a statement, the hikers\u2019 families backed the decision and said they were \u201cstill praying for a miracle.\u201d\nA Grand Canyon National Park employee operates a drone at the park in 2016. The Grand Canyon is the only national park with its own fleet of unmanned aircraft for reaching people who have gotten lost, stranded, injured or killed.\nDrones used before\nIn November, after a visitor drove off a cliff and died, drones were sent in to examine the trees and brush and make sure it was safe for a helicopter to fly in and lift the car out.\nThe next month, rangers used a drone to locate a woman who had jumped to her death. Then they rappelled down to retrieve the body.\nThe dangers of flying choppers in the canyon were illustrated in 2003, when a Park Service helicopter experienced a mechanical failure and crash-landed on the North Rim. Those aboard suffered only minor injuries; the helicopter was totaled.\nOther national parks use drones, but for wildlife research. The use of private drones is prohibited in national parks. \nJames Doyle, a spokesman for the park service\u2019s Intermountain region, said other national parks would probably seek their own drone fleets, too. He said the Grand Canyon\u2019s extreme topography, it is a mile deep, makes it a perfect candidate.\n\u201cIt\u2019s a wonderful tool for the unfortunate situation we just found ourselves in at Grand Canyon,\u201d Doyle said. \n",
        "caption": "A Grand Canyon National Park employee operates a drone at the park in 2016. The Grand Canyon is the only national park with its own fleet of unmanned aircraft for reaching people who have gotten lost, stranded, injured or killed.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/1258BBEB-693C-4903-A00C-6ECAB7B41024.jpg",
        "id": "23936_2",
        "answer": [
            "private"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "drones"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_22_3821192",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_22_3821192_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who did the person in the image with the pink tie supposedly meet?",
        "context": "Russian-American Lobbyist Says He Was in Trump Son's Meeting\nA Russian-American lobbyist says he attended a June 2016 meeting with President Donald Trump's son, marking another shift in the account of a discussion that was billed as part of a Russian government effort to help the Republican's White House campaign.\nRinat Akhmetshin confirmed his participation to The Associated Press on Friday.\nThe meeting heightened questions about whether Trump's campaign coordinated with the Russian government during the election, which is the focus of federal and congressional investigations. In emails posted by Donald Trump Jr. earlier this week, an associate who arranged the meeting said a Russian lawyer wanted to pass on negative information about Democrat Hillary Clinton and stated plainly that the discussion was part of a Russian government effort to help the GOP candidate.\nWhile Trump Jr. has confirmed that the Russian attorney was in the meeting he did not disclose Akhmetshin's presence. The president's son has tried to discount the meeting, saying that he did not receive the information he was promised.\nAkhmetshin said the meeting was \"not substantive\" and he \"actually expected more serious\" discussion.\n\"I never thought this would be such a big deal to be honest,\" he told AP.\nJared Kushner, Trump's son-in-law and current White House senior adviser, and then-campaign chairman Paul Manafort also attended the meeting.\nAsked about Akhmetshin and his possible participation in the June 2016 meeting, Dmitry Peskov, spokesman for Russian President Vladimir Putin, told reporters on Friday: \"We don't know anything about this person.\"\n",
        "caption": "Donald Trump Jr. (L), is interviewed by host Sean Hannity on his Fox News Channel television program, in New York, July 11, 2017",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/465CE0FD-FBDB-4363-8A5F-4851E0BCCF1E.jpg",
        "id": "8142_1",
        "answer": [
            "A Russian-American lobbyist",
            "Rinat Akhmetshin"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Donald Trump Jr.",
            "Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_14_3944226",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_14_3944226_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who protected the land of the people such as those in the image?",
        "context": "Tribes Get Say in Land Management but Worry About Trump\nSALT LAKE CITY, UTAH \u2014\u00a0\nNative Americans who have long bemoaned their lack of participation in federal land decisions scored a major victory when President Barack Obama designated a new national monument in Utah that gives five tribes an opportunity to weigh in on the management of their ancestral home.\nBut federal bureaucrats working under President-elect Donald Trump's cabinet appointees will still have the final say on all land decisions, and some tribal officials are concerned that the shared-management arrangement could quickly sour if the incoming administration charts a different course for the 1.35-million acre Bears Ears National Monument.\nNavajo Nation lawmaker Davis Filfred, who hopes to be on the tribal commission helping to oversee the monument, said he and others are worried, but they are trying to stay hopeful that the administration will give the commission a legitimate voice.\n\u201cNow is not the time to bash him,\u201d Filfred said, \u201cbecause I need him.\u201d\nFederal officials will also create a different advisory committee made up of local government officials, business owners and private landowners to provide recommendations. That board will probably lean heavy with people who opposed the designation over concerns about adding another layer of federal control and closing the area to new energy development, a common refrain in the battle over use of the American West's vast open spaces.\nThe language designating the monument creates a tribal commission composed of one elected official from each of five tribes. That arrangement falls short of the full co-management system the tribes requested, but they still considered the setup a significant improvement.\n\u2018Important seat at the table\u2019\n\u201cIt's double, not a home run from the tribes' perspective,\u201d said Kevin Washburn, a University of New Mexico law professor and the Obama administration's former assistant secretary for Indian affairs. \u201cBut it gives the tribes an important seat at the table.\u201d\nObama has protected more acreage through new or expanded national monuments than any other president. But Trump is not expected to carry on that legacy. The Republican businessman has pledged to honor Theodore Roosevelt's tradition of conservation in the West but has also said he will \u201cunleash\u201d energy production and has railed against \u201cfaceless, nameless bureaucrats\u201d in land-management agencies.\nUtah's Republican senators, Orrin Hatch and Mike Lee, vowed to work with the Trump administration to get the Bears Ears monument repealed.\nFILE - Dan Nanamkin of the Colville Nez Perce Native American tribe in Nespelem, Washington, right, drums with a procession through the Oceti Sakowin camp in Cannon Ball, North Dakota, Dec. 4, 2016.\nOn Thursday, state elected officials and county commissioners blasted federal officials at a protest in the small city of Monticello, Utah, declaring that the monument shows the Obama administration ignores the wishes of Utah residents.\nThe Department of the Interior's Bureau of Land Management and the Department of Agriculture's Forest Service will co-manage Bears Ears. The red rock lands are home to an estimated 100,000 archaeological sites, including intact ancient cliff dwellings that attract visitors from around the world.\nObama also designated the Gold Butte National Monument in Nevada outside Las Vegas, protecting 300,000 acres of scenic and ecologically fragile area near where rancher Cliven Bundy led an armed standoff with government agents in 2014. It includes rock art, artifacts, rare fossils and recently discovered dinosaur tracks.\nThe monument designation allows current oil and mining within the boundaries, but it bans new activity. Grazing, hiking, hunting and fishing will still be allowed.\nFirst-of-its-kind setup\nWhite House officials touted the tribal commission as a first-of-its-kind setup that will ensure management decisions reflect tribal expertise and traditional and historical knowledge. The commission will include one elected officer from each of the five tribes that formed a coalition to push for the monument: Hopi, Navajo, Ute Mountain Ute, Zuni and the Ute Indian Tribe of the Uinta Ouray.\nThe tribes \u201cwill help set a new standard for collaborative management at the national monument,\u201d Navajo Nation President Russell Begaye said. \u201cWe look forward to the day when all national monuments on native lands are collaboratively managed with tribes.\u201d\nThe commission and monuments are part of a concerted push by the Obama administration to protect native lands and show respect for tribal voices, said Athan Manuel, Sierra Club director of lands protection in Washington, D.C. The Chimney Rock National Monument in Colorado, designated in 2012, is another example.\n\u201cPolitically, it's a great message that Native American communities are being recognized this way,\u201d Manuel said.\nZuni councilman Carleton Bowekaty is optimistic that the commission will have a legitimate role in decisions no matter the political agenda of the White House because of specific legal language in the designation. It not only ensures that the commission cannot be scrapped but requires that the Interior and Agriculture secretaries give written explanations if they decide not to incorporate formal recommendations made by the tribal commission.\nThe first test will be the creation of a monument-management plan, a process that sometimes takes years to complete.\n\u201cThis is more than consultation,\u201d Bowekaty said. \u201cWe believe it's a very important step in making our voices known. This is definitely a milestone.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Dan Nanamkin of the Colville Nez Perce Native American tribe in Nespelem, Washington, right, drums with a procession through the Oceti Sakowin camp in Cannon Ball, North Dakota, Dec. 4, 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/C1F4BD5A-88CB-4FD6-B63E-B75B85E483F8.jpg",
        "id": "5554_2",
        "answer": [
            "President Barack Obama",
            "Obama"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "tribes",
            "Native American"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_02_3659664",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_02_3659664_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What tactics were used to entice the person in the image?",
        "context": "Utter Disregard for Rights Seen in Cruelty of Syrian War\nTuesday's alleged chemical attack in Khan Sheikhoun, Syria, which has left dozens dead, was the latest outrage in a conflict marked by human rights violations carried out on an industrial scale, rights activists say.\nFrom the start, the conflict saw a disregard of the rules of war the world has tried to establish since World War II. The warning signs came quickly.\nA series of massacres occurred in spring 2012 in three districts of Homs involving government soldiers and members of the notorious Shabiha militia, ultra-loyal enforcers of the regime drawn from President Bashar al-Assad's minority Alawite sect, an offshoot of Shi'ite Islam.\nFirst came a siege, then homes were raided by assailants who raped and killed, according to locals interviewed by VOA shortly afterward and rights organizations. Dead bodies were burned, corpses were mutilated and rights activists documented the killing of at least 224 civilians, including 44 children and 48 women.\nMonths later, this correspondent interviewed Saima, a 38-year-old woman who had survived the massacre. Brandishing her scarred hand, she said she'd been shot in it, seen her husband's first wife slain by Shabiha and a neighbor raped. She and her three daughters escaped only because an Alawite militiaman took pity on them. Other girls weren't so lucky.\nFILE - U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Nikki Haley shows pictures of Syrian victims of chemical attacks as she addresses a meeting of the Security Council on Syria at U.N. headquarters, in New York, April 5, 2017.\nA mound of death\n\"They raped teenagers,\" Saima told me almost in a whisper, claiming that the day after the massacre she saw naked girls in a hospital piled up dead.\nA 2015 report by the the U.N.'s Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Syrian Arab Republic concluded the war had been \"characterized by a complete lack of adherence to the norms of international law.\"\nFrom medieval-style torture in jails and detention centers, to the imposition of \"surrender or starve\" sieges aimed at denying whole communities food and medical supplies, to indiscriminate artillery bombardments and airstrikes on towns and villages, including the dropping of earth-shaking barrel bombs on residential areas, to the release of sarin and chlorine gases, the war has plumbed the depths of depravity.\nSince World War II, few conflicts have come close to matching what's been happening in Syria. Rights experts and historians mention the conflicts in Biafra, the Congo, the Balkans and the 1994 Rwanda genocide as competitors in infamy. \nThe list of authoritative reports into rights abuses and war crimes in Syria is long. They include a 2014 U.N. report; a 2015 independent report on the credibility of allegations about torture and executions in Syrian jails; and a 2013 U.N. report on allegations of the use of chemical weapons.\nAs early as 2013, then-U.N. human rights commissioner Navi Pillay warned that the scale of viciousness \"almost defies belief.\" She accused Assad of being implicated in war crimes. Assad and his top officials have denied responsibility for rights violations.\nIn an interview with the BBC in 2015, Assad denied his forces dropped barrel bombs. \"I know about the army. They use bullets, missiles and bombs. I haven't heard of the army using barrels, or maybe, cooking pots,\" he said.\nFILE - This image from an undated video released by Islamic State militants Aug. 19, 2014, purports to show journalist Steven Sotloff, who had been captured in Aleppo, being held by the militant group. He was later beheaded.\nAtrocities in plain sight\nWhat makes the Syria conflict different from Biafra, the Balkans or Rwanda is that war crimes have been happening in plain sight for the world to witness in real time, thanks to the internet, social media, cellphones, satellite imagery and digital cameras, say analysts.\nAnd some of the armed groups have been all too happy to brag about their barbarity \u2014 especially the Islamic State terror group, which has used videos of the beheadings of Western journalists and aid workers, the hurling of gay men off roofs, and the fatal burnings and stonings of foes to scare opponents and recruit foreign fighters.\nFor those looking at Syria's six-year conflict from the outside, the slaughter appears to have had little or no pattern. U.N. investigators monitoring human rights abuses have accused rebel militias as well as jihadists of grave crimes, too.\nRebel war crimes have included recruitment of child soldiers, shelling of civilian-populated areas and hostage-taking, as well as the slaughter of members of religious minorities. A May 2013 U.N. report confirmed that rebel groups had used sarin gas.\nBut U.N. panels have been adamant that despite the killings by IS, the Syrian government has been responsible for many more deaths.\nIn 2015, a survey by the Syrian Network for Human Rights, a nonprofit based in Britain whose reports are considered highly reliable, broke down the details of 56 major massacres displaying obvious sectarian or ethnic-cleansing traits since the start of the war. Of those, 49 were carried out by forces linked to the Syrian government, undermining the narrative crafted by the regime, which has depicted itself as a bulwark against extremism.\nU.N. investigators have compiled a list of government officials they say have been implicated in war crimes, and they have called on the Security Council to refer human rights violations to the International Criminal Court at The Hague. A growing number of Western politicians have called also for an ICC referral, peaking in 2014 when 55,000 photos of detainees' bodies taken by a forensic photographer, code-named Caesar, who worked in Assad jails were published.\nFILE - In this file image taken from video obtained from the Shaam News Network, a jihadi-led rebel fighter fires a gun in a valley in Latakia province, Syria. Rebels killed at least 190 civilians and abducted more than 200 during an offensive against pro-regime villages, committing a war crime, an international human rights group said, Oct. 11, 2013.\nVeto from Russia, China\nSyria isn't a signatory to the treaty that set up the ICC. The court would have legal authority to investigate and prosecute war crimes in Syria only if directed to do so by the Security Council, but in 2014 Russia and China vetoed a proposal to involve the ICC.\nIn December, the U.N. General Assembly voted to establish an independent panel to assist in the investigation of those responsible for war crimes in Syria. The resolution was approved by 105 member countries; 15 voted against the resolution's adoption, and there were 52 abstentions.\nBut a single prosecution mechanism still remains elusive for war crimes committed in Syria. An option Western diplomats have discussed is setting up a U.N. tribunal like those established for the Cambodia and Rwanda genocides, but few hold out hope that such a tribunal would escape a Russian veto.\nIn the meantime, individual European states, including France, Germany and Spain, have been exploring ways to prosecute war criminals when they can, if only piecemeal, and are conducting investigations. All states have universal jurisdiction rights when it comes to war crimes. In 2015, two rebels who fled to Sweden were sentenced for crimes they committed in Syria.\n\"Six harrowing years on, there's no excuse for allowing the horrific crimes under international law that are being committed in Syria to go unpunished,\" Amnesty International's Samah Hadid said last month. But it will likely be some time, if ever, before senior Syrian officials see the inside of a courtroom.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - In this file image taken from video obtained from the Shaam News Network, a jihadi-led rebel fighter fires a gun in a valley in Latakia province, Syria. Rebels killed at least 190 civilians and abducted more than 200 during an offensive against pro-regime villages, committing a war crime, an international human rights group said, Oct. 11, 2013.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B5C276DB-E172-4BB9-AC73-AFAF621C7BF8.jpg",
        "id": "23303_4",
        "answer": [
            "videos of the beheadings of Western journalists and aid workers"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "fighters"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_06_3799611",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_06_3799611_4"
    },
    {
        "question": "How have the people in the image been allowed to move?",
        "context": "US to Resettle Iraqis Victimized by IS\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nThe U.S. government is working to permanently resettle hundreds of Iraqis who were victims of Islamic State (IS) violence.\nLarry Bartlett, director of the Office of Refugee Admissions at the State Department told VOA that the U.S. is coordinating with the U.N. Refugee Agency (UNHCR) to bring in hundreds of Iraqis to several to be determined locations in the U.S. Most of them are Yazidis and Christians whose communities were uprooted by IS. Many of them suffered brutality and torture at the hands of IS.\nFILE - Kurdish Peshmerga forces inspect a site in Hardan village in northern Iraq, Dec. 22, 2014, where Islamic State group fighters allegedly executed people from the Yazidi sect captured when they swept through the area in August.\n\u201cThe criteria will be to look for people who have returned from being enslaved,\u201d Bartlett said. It \u201cwill be to look at families that have suffered killings by [IS] and we understand that some of these killings were made in front of their family members.\u201d\nThe resettlement efforts mark the first widespread attempt by the U.S. to admit Iraqis who survived under IS. Since the rise of IS in mid-2014 in the Middle East, the U.S. admitted 15,583 Syrian refugees of civil war and IS rule between January 2014 and October 2016, according to the Center for American Progress.\nFILE - The U.S. ambassador to Jordan, Alice Wells, shakes hands with Syrian refugees ahead of their departure to the United States, Aug. 28, 2016.\nA few Iraqis have come to the U.S. under medical and other programs.\nDelegations from the State Department and the Canadian Ministry of Immigration visited northern Iraq in early December. They met with local government officials and aid groups to identify victims for resettlement under the new program.\nFILE - Displaced Yazidis, fleeing violence from forces loyal to the Islamic State group, head toward the Syrian border Aug. 11, 2014.\n\u201cWe confirmed that Yazidis were the most traumatized [and] were the most victimized,\u201d Bartlett said. \u201cBut there are other groups that were also affected by [IS] such as Christians and other religious minorities up there in the north.\u201d\nMirza Dinnayi, head of the German-based organization Air Bridge Iraq, who attended the delegations' meetings, told VOA that at least 750 Iraqis will be sent to the United States while Canada will take in between 700 to 1,200 Iraqis.\n\u201cThey intend to start the program with ten cases at the beginning,\u201d Dinnayi said.\nBartlett said the numbers are in flux.\nResettling families \n\u201cWe would expect that within a course of a year we would do hundreds of people,\u201d Bartlett said. \u201cOne of the things we want to focus on is resettling families as a whole. There have been other programs in the past where just some of the victims were resettled for treatment. We are looking at this differently. We are looking at this as a family unity program of linking families together as much as possible.\u201d\nU.S. resettlement cases can often take as long as 18 months. Bartlett said the U.S. is trying to fast track this program.\nBut Dinnayi worries the process could be lengthy saying most of the Iraqis live in camps and need urgent help.\n\u201cThe U.S. is a little bit complicated,\u201d Dinnayi said.\nThe resettlement process comes as the U.S. prepares for a change in presidential administration.\nPresident-elect Donald Trump said during his campaign that if elected he would \"suspend immigration from areas of the world when there is a proven history of terrorism against the United States, Europe or our allies, until we understand how to end these threats.\"\nBut Trump\u2019s policies will not evolve until after he takes office on January 20.\n\u201cWe don\u2019t know if policies of the new administration will affect this type of program,\u201d Bartlett told VOA. \u201cThe world is well aware of the atrocities that have been committed by [IS] \u2026This work is a part of our response.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Displaced Iraqis from the Yazidi community gather for food at the Nowruz camp, in Derike, Syria, Aug. 12, 2014. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/C96AD3AC-8DC9-48AA-9CF0-BED80F125DF3.jpg",
        "id": "1455_1",
        "answer": [
            "medical and other programs"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Iraqis"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_01_3658903",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_01_3658903_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What action has the leaders of the city where the image is located taken to make the citizens more comfortable?",
        "context": "San Diego Schools Launches Effort Against Islamophobia\nSAN DIEGO \u2014\u00a0\nOne of the nation's largest school districts has launched a campaign against Islamophobia, drawing praise and criticism.\nThe San Diego Unified School District's multiyear plan includes a letter addressing Islamophobia to staff and parents of its 132,000 students. It's expected to be drafted and sent before Ramadan begins in late May. The district is also reviewing internal staff calendars to make sure Muslim holidays are recognized.\nNext school year, it will review materials on Muslim culture for libraries, provide resources to teachers and engage in partnerships with the Council on American Islamic Relations. Over several years, it plans to consider high school clubs that promote American Muslim culture, create \"safe spaces\" for students and train staff about Muslim culture.\nThe plan drew little attention when the board approved it 4-0 on April 4, with one member absent. Public comments from staff and community members were uniformly positive.\n\"We believe this is a great first step in the direction of protecting Muslim students from the bullying that is a direct result of the growing Islamophobia in our state and nation,\" Hanif Mohebi, executive director of the Council on American-Islamic Relations' San Diego chapter, said after the vote. \"Other school districts should follow this lead, and we will be happy to work with them to provide resources and trainings.\"\nPushback gradually spread on the internet and social media, with written attacks on Islam and the Council on American-Islamic Relations. A Sunday article on the far-right website Breitbart News drew hundreds of reader comments. The headline of a story on the Angry Patriot website that had 35,000 Facebook `likes' read, \"Islamic Takeover CONFIRMED \u2014 American School Surrenders to SHARIA LAW.\"\nThe school district said on its website that the plan addresses \"some of the specific challenges faced by the Muslim student community\" after the Muslim community expressed concern about student safety last summer. \"We strongly believe students cannot learn if they are afraid, and so this initiative to combat Islamophobia is focused on eliminating the fear faced by children,\" it says.\nThe district said it is not endorsing Islam, favoring a religion or imposing Sharia law.\nAs for `safe spaces,' the district says, \"Schools with large Muslim communities may choose to make areas available for prayer, if that is requested by their parents and students. However, this is no more or less than we would do to accommodate Christians who want to pray at school, or members of other faiths. It is not uncommon, for example, for our schools to have a prayer club that meets before the start of school.\"\nSan Diego is the latest school district to express solidarity with Muslim students. In September, Kansas City Public Schools passed a resolution condemning violence and hate speech and expressing support for students who worship Islam. The Oakland Unified School District in California said in a board resolution in November, \"The 2016 presidential election has created an atmosphere of fear among immigrants, Muslims and other vulnerable groups in Oakland.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - In this Oct. 5, 2016 photo, parents pick up their children at Naranca Elementary in El Cajon, Calif. The school is one of many in the San Diego suburb that has received an influx of Syrian refugees.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/74227DA4-99D6-4933-ABFC-F97E9DA08EE2.jpg",
        "id": "28092_1",
        "answer": [
            "includes a letter addressing Islamophobia "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "San Diego"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_25_3824758",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_25_3824758_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What happened to one of the people in the image?",
        "context": "IS Claims Responsibility for Britain Parliament Attack\nLONDON \u2014\u00a0\nIslamic State has claimed responsibility for Wednesday's attack near the British Parliament in London, which killed three people and ended when an officer shot dead the attacker.\nA statement posted on IS's news agency said the attacker was a \"soldier of Islamic State.\" But IS did not indicate that it assisted in the planning or execution of the attack, saying the man had responded to the terror group's call to attack civilians and the military in countries allied with the U.S.-led coalition fighting IS.\nOne police officer and an American tourist, Kurt Cochran from Utah, have been identified among those killed. The officer was killed on the premises when he was stabbed by the attacker. Cochran succumbed to his injuries in the hospital. His wife was also badly injured in the attack.\nPrime Minister Theresa May, in comments to Parliament about the attack, said the man responsible was born in Britain and was once investigated by the country's MI-5 intelligence agency \"in relation to concerns about violent extremism.\" But she said he was not part of what she called the \"current intelligence picture,\" and that there was no prior intelligence on this plot or his motives.\nShe reiterated that the working assumption of investigators is that he was \"inspired by Islamist ideology.\"\nBritish police have arrested eight people in connection with the attack.\nWATCH: May comments to parliament about terror attack \nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nBritish PM May Condemns Terror Attack on Parliament Saying 'We Are Not Afraid'\nShare this video\n0:01:22\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:22\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 4.1MB\n360p | 5.4MB\n480p | 25.8MB\nInvestigation \nMark Rowley, head of counterterrorism efforts for London's Metropolitan Police Service, said the arrests came from searches at six addresses, and that \"inquiries\" at locations in London, Birmingham and other parts of the country were continuing. He did not specify how those arrested were linked to Wednesday's attack.\n\"It is still our belief, which continues to be born out by our investigation, that this attacker acted alone and was inspired by international terrorism,\" Rowley told reporters. He added that the attacker's name should not be made public during what he called a \"sensitive stage\" of the investigation.\nThe probe right now is focusing on the motives, preparations and associates of the attacker, who ran a car into pedestrians on Westminster Bridge, then stabbed a security officer to death before himself being shot dead by another officer.\nRowley said 29 people have been hospitalized, seven of whom were in critical condition.\nRowley earlier identified the security officer who died in the attack as 48-year-old Keith Palmer, a husband and father who had served in British law enforcement for 15 years.\nFlowers and messages are left near the scene of an attack by a man driving a car and weilding a knife left five people dead and dozens injured, in London, Britain, March 23, 2017.\nMay's comments both Wednesday and her remarks to Parliament on Thursday have struck a defiant tone. As Parliament reopened for its normal meetings Thursday, May told lawmakers that what happened Wednesday \"was an attack on free people everywhere.\"\n\"Yesterday an act of terrorism tried to silence our democracy, but today we meet as normal, as generations have done before us and as future generations will continue to do, to deliver a simple message: We are not afraid and our resolve will never waver in the face of terrorism,\" she said.\nMay thanked Britain's friends and allies around the world \"who have made it clear that they stand with us at this time.\" She said the victims include nationals of France, Romania, South Korea, Germany, Poland, Ireland, China, Italy, Greece and the United States.\nThe United Nations Security Council in New York, currently in meetings chaired by British foreign minister Boris Johnson, held a moment of silence Thursday for the victims of the attack.\nWATCH: Johnson on parliament attack\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nJohnson Condemns 'Cowardly Terrorist Attack' at British Parliament\nShare this video\n0:01:56\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:56\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 5.7MB\n360p | 9.4MB\n480p | 57.9MB\nThursday's Parliament session began with a minute of silence to remember those killed in the attack. Police officers also marked the occasion, standing silently outside the headquarters of London's Metropolitan Police nearby.\nExtra security \nLondon is under extra security with a boost in both armed and unarmed officers.\nA senior police officer told VOA it appears to have been \"a three-staged attack.\"\nIt began with an SUV being driven over Westminster Bridge right by the House of Commons. The SUV mounted the sidewalk and struck several pedestrians.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;BREAKING: Witnesses report sound of gunfire outside British \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/parliament?src=hash\\\"\\u0026gt;#parliament\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;, members of parliament evacuated\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Luis Ramirez (@LuisVOA) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/LuisVOA/status/844561978278510592\\\"\\u0026gt;March 22, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nAccording to police sources, the vehicle struck some other pedestrians at the perimeter fence near the gates at Old Palace Yard.\n\u201cThe attacker then rushed the gates and struggled with a police guard who tried to stop him. The assailant stabbed him several times,\" the senior police officer said. \u201cOther officers shot the attacker.\"\nThe gunfire was heard at 2:38 p.m. London time inside the House of Commons as lawmakers were debating legislation on pension reform. Eyewitnesses said about a half-dozen shots were fired.\n\"It all happened within a minute,\" witness Tawhid Tanim told VOA. \"I came out of where I work and saw a car had pulled up and I heard, I just heard bang bang bang and people running everywhere.\"\nTawhid Tanim, an eyewitness to the incident tells VOA \u201cIt was quite loud. Three loud bang, bang, bang and then all of a sudden we could see on the road people started running like crazy.\u201d (Photo: R. James / VOA)\nWhite House condemnation \nIn Washington, the White House said President Donald Trump spoke with Prime Minister May and was briefed on the situation in London.\n\"We obviously condemn today\u2019s attack in Westminster which the United Kingdom is treating as an act of terrorism, and we applaud the quick response that the British police and their first responders made to the situation,\" spokesman Sean Spicer said.\nThe U.S. Department of Homeland Security said it is in close contact with British authorities, but that the U.S. domestic security posture remains unchanged.\nPolice guard a cordon on the embankment with Britain's Houses of Parliament, left, in London, March 23, 2017, after attacks in London Wednesday.\nAs the attack unfolded, May was in a voting lobby adjacent to the chamber of the House of Commons. Her plainclothes bodyguards drew their weapons and one officer put his arm around the prime minister as they quickly escorted her out of the House of Commons, according to Andrew Bridgen, a Conservative lawmaker.\nIf confirmed as a terrorist attack, it would be the first in Britain since May 2013 when an off-duty British Army soldier, Lee Rigby, was hacked to death on a London street by a self-proclaimed jihadist. It is the worst attack at the House of Commons since the IRA bombing in 1979, when Conservative politician Airey Neave, a confidant of Margaret Thatcher, was killed.\nIn Photos: Britain Parliament Attack \nShots Fired Outside British Parliament\n",
        "caption": "Police outside a property in Birmingham, England, March 23, 2017, following an attack on Wednesday in London.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/093336C6-0F2D-450B-877B-B64861D480EA.jpg",
        "id": "11626_1",
        "answer": [
            "killed",
            "killed on the premises when he was stabbed by the attacker",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Police",
            "police"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_23_3778463",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_23_3778463_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is happening to the thing the person in the image works with?",
        "context": "Experts: Africa 'Hemorrhaging' Billions in Illicit Financial Flows\nYAOUNDE \u2014\u00a0\nAfrica loses an estimated $50 billion a year to illicit financial flows, leaving governments strapped for cash and dependent on development aid.\nThe continent is \"hemorrhaging\" money because of the failure of countries to enact strong legislation to check money flows, says Rose Acha, Cameroon's supreme state audit minister and secretary general of the African Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions.\nInstead, uncontrolled transactions are common.\n\"Whatever the source of your money, we don't know, but we welcome those who want to deposit money,\" said Faison Winifred of Investment Fund, a local financial institution in Cameroon's capital, Yaounde. \"Why \u2026 do you discourage the person by asking where is your source of income? We encourage everybody who comes to deposit money. \u2026 There is no limit. Whatever amount you want to deposit, we like it.\"\nAcha says smuggling and trafficking during illegal commercial activity constitute 65 percent of Africa\u2019s financial hemorrhage, while criminal activities \u2014 which consist of using funds for illegal purposes, like financing organized crime and terrorism \u2014 come next with 30 percent. She says corruption and tax evasion account for the remaining 5 percent of the money lost.\nAccording to the United Nations High Level Panel on Illicit Financial Flows, Africa loses a staggering $50 billion annually. The panel says that is approximately double the amount of official development assistance Africa receives.\nAfrican tax and audit experts, meeting this week in Yaounde, said the worst offender is Nigeria, with an illicit outflow of $157 billion from 2003 to 2012. South Africa ranks second with $122 billion lost during that time period, and Egypt third with $37 billion.\nMagagi Tanko of the supreme state audit office of Niger says that in Central and West Africa, huge sums of money are transferred illegally and public coffers are impoverished. In addition, illegal financial flows from drug trafficking have spiraled.\nExporters use under-invoicing so they can dodge taxes and bring in less foreign exchange, leaving the rest of their earnings in offshore accounts, he says.\nLagan Wort, executive secretary of the African Tax Administration, says a regional approach is key.\n\"Parts of the defense mechanism that African governments must employ is to build strong tax legislation and tax policy systems, including tax agreements between countries, especially inter-African countries,\" Wort said.\nThe experts resolved to work with the Stolen Assets Recovery Initiative \u2014 a joint effort by the World Bank and U.N. Office on Drugs and Crime \u2014 to recover funds, but said the process is long and cumbersome, since many banks remain secretive about their transactions.\nThey said many of the illicit financial flows also end up funneled through complex criminal rings, severely limiting the ability of law enforcement and tax authorities to trace offenders and eventually recover the money.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A money changer counts Nigerian naira currency in Lagos, Nigeria, Oct. 20, 2015. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B3AAFB22-2FAB-4252-BCF3-019D3FA1EDD9.jpg",
        "id": "4815_1",
        "answer": [
            "illicit outflow",
            "hemorrhaging"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "money",
            "Nigerian naira currency"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_26_3872483",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_26_3872483_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What could the people in the image not have?",
        "context": "Britain Enlisting Tech Companies in Fight Against Terrorism\nInternet companies are beginning to be more helpful in the fight against terrorism, in the wake of the recent attack in Manchester, Britain\u2019s home secretary said.\nAmber Rudd said in a British television interview Sunday Britain is making \u201cgood progress\u201d in working with technology companies to attain access to the encrypted messages of terror suspects.\nShe added, however, \u201cThe area that I am most concerned about is the internet companies who are continuing to publish the hate publications, the hate material that is contributing to radicalizing people in this country.\u201d\nFans are searched as they arrive for a concert at Old Trafford cricket ground in Manchester, England, May 27 2017. More than 20 people were killed in an explosion following a Ariana Grande concert at the Manchester Arena late Monday evening.\nConcert in Manchester\nSaturday in Manchester, a group of local bands drew 50,000 fans to the city\u2019s first big music event since Monday\u2019s suicide bombing at Manchester Arena.\nEarlier Saturday, Britain reduced its terrorism threat level from \u201ccritical\u201d to \u201csevere.\u201d\nExtra security, however, was in place at Old Trafford Cricket Ground, on the outskirts of Manchester, for a concert by Manchester bands the Courteneers, the Charlatans, Blossoms and Cabbage.\nFans attending the show were asked to arrive early and not to bring bags. Security officers in ball caps and high-visibility jackets were stationed at 50-meter intervals on roads approaching the venue.\nIn comments ahead of their set, Courteneers front-man Liam Fray said of Manchester: \u201cIf you can think you can beat us, you don\u2019t know who we are.\u201d\nWedding vows\nOne couple even went ahead with their wedding celebration at the concert. The groom, Pete Richards, told the Manchester Evening News: \u201dIt has been crazy today. We have had complete strangers coming and congratulating us and having pictures with us.\u201d\nThe bride, Abby Turner, said the couple had had doubts about whether to continue with their wedding plans, but decided: \u201cYou\u2019ve just got to crack on, really.\u201d\nSalman Abedi, the bomber behind the Manchester suicide bombing, is seen in this image taken from CCTV on the night he committed the attack in this handout photo released, May 27, 2017, from the Greater Manchester Police.\nPolice also released more details about the bomber\u2019s actions just before he detonated his device.\nOfficials say they are trying to learn whether more people were involved in the planning of the attack.\nAn apartment building in Manchester\u2019s city center is cordoned off after police found the flat where they believe the bomber, 22-year-old Salman Abedi, may have assembled his explosive device. Police are guarding the building, known as Granby House.\nThe Greater Manchester Police said on Twitter they arrested two men \u2014 ages 22 and 20 \u2014 in raids Saturday. The statement said a \u201ccontrolled explosion\u201d was used to gain entry to the men\u2019s address in the Cheetham Hill neighborhood.\nA police tweet said, \u201cA total of 11 men remain in custody for questioning.\u201d\nArmed police guard the area during the Great Manchester Run in Manchester, England, May 28, 2017.\nTroop presence\nSoldiers, who have been helping police, are expected to be withdrawn from Britain\u2019s streets in the next few days.\nAbedi, a Manchester native, blew himself up in the lobby of Manchester Arena Monday just after U.S. pop singer Ariana Grande finished her concert. The explosion killed 22 people and wounded at least 116 children and adults.\nA militia in Libya has detained Abedi\u2019s father and brother. Details on how they may be tied to the bombing have not been released.\nMany of the victims were young girls, a large part of Grande\u2019s fan base. Others were parents who had gone to meet their children after the concert. The youngest victim was 8 years old.\nGrande said she would return to Manchester to do a benefit show to raise money for the victims and their families. No date has yet been set for the concert.\n",
        "caption": "Fans are searched as they arrive for a concert at Old Trafford cricket ground in Manchester, England, May 27 2017. More than 20 people were killed in an explosion following a Ariana Grande concert at the Manchester Arena late Monday evening.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/2C8AC8E0-6BCA-48AB-A6F0-1AED6C6ECABC.jpg",
        "id": "6701_2",
        "answer": [
            "bags"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Fans"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_28_3874316",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_28_3874316_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where is the place in the image located in the country?",
        "context": "Afghanistan's Deadly Poppy Harvest on the Rise Again\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nThe world's No. 1 opium-producing country, Afghanistan, is braced for an exploding poppy harvest this year, as farmers are cultivating the illicit crop in areas where it has never grown before.\n\u201cUnfortunately, the narcotics production is on the rise this year,\u201d Javed Qaem, Afghan deputy counternarcotics minister, told international donors in Kabul Tuesday. \u201cWe are concerned that narcotics would increase this year, including in areas and provinces where previously we had zero opium production.\u201d\nA new United Nations survey said Friday the total area under opium poppy cultivation in Afghanistan has increased by 10 percent, from 183,000 to 201,000 hectares, compared to the previous year, leading to a significant rise in the production of illicit opium. The illicit drug is fueling insecurity, violence and insurgency among other problems to discourage private and public investment in Afghanistan, the U.N. Office on Drugs and Crime said in its survey report.\nQaem's comments come amid growing international concern that the Taliban, who are fighting Afghan government troops in rural areas of the country, are fueling the poppy trade by engaging in trafficking and skimming hundreds of millions dollars in profit to fuel their militancy.\nTaliban insurgents, according to U.S. officials, net 60 percent of their war chest from narcotics.\nDirector of National Intelligence Dan Coats speaks on Capitol Hill in Washington, March, 16, 2017, after being sworn in by Vice President Mike Pence.\nTop producer of opium\nAfghanistan is thought to produce an estimated 90 percent of the world's heroin. As poppy cultivation spikes, U.S. intelligence officials warn that the war-torn country is likely to see more armed violence this year.\n\u201cThe intelligence community assesses that the political and security situation in Afghanistan will almost certainly deteriorate through 2018, even with a modest increase in [the] military assistance by the United States and its partners,\u201d U.S. Director of National Intelligence Dan Coats said in a Senate hearing last week.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"src\",\"Value\":\"https://infogr.am/afghan_narcotics\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\\\\u003cscript id=\\\\infogram_0_The-Cost-of-Conflict\\\\ src=\\\\//e.infogr.am/js/embed.js\\\\ type=\\\\text/javascript\\\\\\\\u003e\\\\u003c/script\\\\u003e\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"src\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"infogramSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".infogramSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\ntry {\nvar id = \"\";\nif(userInput.indexOf(\"id=\") !== -1)\nid = userInput.substring(userInput.indexOf(\"id=\") + 4);\nelse if (userInput.indexOf(\"src=\\\"//e.infogr.am/\") !== -1)\nid = userInput.substring(userInput.indexOf(\"src=\\\"//e.infogr.am/\") + 19);\nelse if (userInput.indexOf(\"src=\\\"//e.infogram.com/\") !== -1)\nid = userInput.substring(userInput.indexOf(\"src=\\\"//e.infogram.com/\") + 22);\nelse\nid = userInput.substring(userInput.lastIndexOf('/') + 1);\nif(id.indexOf(\" \") !== -1)\nid = id.substring(id, id.indexOf(\" \") - 1);\nif(id.indexOf(\"?\") !== -1)\nid = id.substring(0, id.indexOf(\"?\"));\nif(id.substring(0,11) != \"infogram_0_\")\nid = \"infogram_0_\" + id;\nid = encodeURI(id);\nvar js = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = id;\njs.type = \"text/javascript\";\nif (userInput.indexOf(\"infogr.am\") !== -1)\njs.src = \"//e.infogr.am/js/embed.js\";\nelse\njs.src = \"//e.infogram.com/js/embed.js\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(js);\n} catch(e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Error: src parse error\";\n}\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"infogramSnippetProcessed\";\nif (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\nwindow.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\nelse //liveblog, ajax\nrender();\n})(document);\nSince 2002, the U.S. has spent more than $8.5 billion on counternarcotics in Afghanistan \u2014 about $1.5 million a day, according to the Special Investigator General for Afghanistan Reconstruction (SIGAR).\nIn addition to war, opium fuels corruption and organized crime in Afghanistan, a country already ranked among the five most corrupt states in the world by Transparency International.\nOnly 13 of the country's 34 provinces were reported poppy-free in 2016, and this number has dropped into single digits this year, Afghan officials say.\nAreas of cultivation increase\nAfghan authorities said poppies, which traditionally have been grown in southern provinces, have found fertile lands in several northern and northeastern provinces, including Balkh and Jawzjan.\nA large-scale increase also is expected in provinces with previously little opium crops, such as northwestern Badghis and Ghor.\n\u201cOpium is cultivated in almost half of the province, including areas under the government influence,\u201d a resident in northeastern Baghlan province told VOA on condition of anonymity for safety concerns. \u201cPoppy crops are seen everywhere in the northeastern region. Badakhshan \u2014 which borders Tajikistan and China \u2014 is the epicenter of narcotics in the north.\u201d\nAfghan farmers work on a poppy field in the Gereshk district of Helmand province, Afghanistan, April 8, 2016.\nHelmand province a top producer\nAround 50 percent of the poppy crop in Afghanistan is produced in southern Helmand province, which borders Pakistan.\nThe Afghan government says the increase in drug production and trafficking is taking place mostly in conflict-hit areas.\n\u201cOpium cultivation, production and trafficking take place in remote areas that are under the control of militants, terrorists and the Taliban,\u201d said Afghan General Baz Mohammad Ahmadi, the deputy interior minister for counternarcotics.\nThe Afghan government says it, along with aid agencies, has been trying to help Afghans find a sustainable alternative crop source. But those efforts appear to be failing.\nAfghan counternarcotics police said they last year seized almost 650 tons of contraband drugs. The confiscated drugs included raw opium, heroin and hashish. Around 2,683 smugglers and traffickers, including 67 women, were arrested last year, Ahmadi said.\nExperts say worsening security and immediate economic benefits for farmers are major reasons for the rise in poppy cultivation.\n\u201cA satanic triangle of smugglers, terrorists and corrupt government officials is involved in drug production and trafficking,\u201d Haroon Rashid Sherzad, former Afghan acting minister of counternarcotics, told VOA. \u201cSecurity is an important reason, but several other factors fuel the drug production and trade in Afghanistan. Corruption at the local government levels encourages poppy cultivation.\u201d\nAfghan response is lacking\nExperts also believe that the increase is partly due to weak counternarcotics efforts by the government.\n\u201cThe government lacks political will to fight opium production,\u201d Abdul Aziz, a Kabul-based counternarcotics expert, told VOA. \u201cFor the last 16 years, the government has done little to rid the country of narcotics and provide alternatives to farmers.\u201d\nAccording to Sherzad, counternarcotics efforts require a comprehensive approach and coordination among government departments, which, he said, is lacking. He added that \u201cnarco-entrepreneurs\u201d control large portions of government lands in several provinces where they cultivate poppies.\nVOA's Afghan service contributed to this report from Kabul.\n",
        "caption": "Afghan farmers work on a poppy field in the Gereshk district of Helmand province, Afghanistan, April 8, 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/3A221770-EF69-46C3-B9D7-36D671F40FE1.jpg",
        "id": "5048_3",
        "answer": [
            "A poppy field in the Gereshk district of Helmand province, Afghanistan",
            "southern Helmand province, which borders Pakistan"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Afghanistan"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_16_3853575",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_16_3853575_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What ideologies can the people in the image vote for?",
        "context": "French Vote in Pivotal Presidential Election\nLONDON \u2014\u00a0\nVoters across France went to the polls in an election that is one of the closest watched in decades, with 11 candidates, ranging from the extreme right to the extreme left, vying for the French presidency.\nTight security was in place after a terrorist attack in Paris on Thursday, just days before the voting.\nAbout 50,000 police officers backed by 7,000 soldiers, including special forces, were deployed to the streets for security amid tensions following the attack claimed by the Islamic State terrorist group. The shooting along the iconic Champs-Elysees in the heart of Paris left one police officer dead and several other people injured.\nA policeman stands near a polling station during the first round of 2017 French presidential election in Henin-Beaumont, France, April 23, 2017.\nState of emergency, tight security\nThis is the first election to be held under a state of emergency called after the 2015 Paris attacks, and observers say last week\u2019s shooting could bring out many voters who had otherwise planned to abstain.\nIn a tweet a day after the Champs Elysees shooting, U.S. President Donald Trump said, \u201cThe people of France will not take much more of this. Will have a big effect on presidential election!\u201d\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-partner=\\\"tweetdeck\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p lang=\\\"en\\\" dir=\\\"ltr\\\"\\u0026gt;Another terrorist attack in Paris. The people of France will not take much more of this. Will have a big effect on presidential election!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/855368516920332289\\\"\\u0026gt;April 21, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nDespite predictions of low voter turnout, witnesses said lines formed at voting stations in Paris\u2019 15th arrondissement before opening hours and turnout was reported to be heavy at various polling stations across the country. Government officials said turnout in the afternoon was (69 percent) a percentage point lower that it was in the first round of the 2012 elections.\nPre-election polls show tight race\nLeading in pre-election polls has been Emmanuel Macron, a center-left former economy minister who is pro-Europe and pro-business with close ties to unpopular Socialist President Francois Hollande. His appeal lies mainly in France\u2019s prosperous urban areas where globalism has benefited many.\nA close second has been Marine Le Pen, who wants to end most immigration to France, especially from Muslim countries. She also wants France to leave the European Union. Her strongholds are largely in formerly industrial areas of France where unemployment is high and so is disillusionment with the modern economic and social order.\nAnother top contender is former Prime Minister Francois Fillon, a center-right social conservative who favors cuts in public spending and pushing for deep reforms in the European Union.\nNames of 2017 French presidential election candidates are printed during the first round of 2017 French presidential election in Paris, France, April 23, 2017.\nLast-minute decisions\nAnalysts and voters interviewed see this as the most unpredictable election since World War II. One-third of voters were undecided days before the balloting.\nIn the last few weeks before the vote, far-left candidate Jean-Luc Melenchon surged in the polls and so did discussion of the previously obscure candidate in social media.\nAmong the ways his campaign lured young voters was through the release of a video game in which a player pretending to be Melenchon walks the streets and takes money from men in suits. The player is shown in a battle against the rich and powerful.\nAnger at the establishment is the sentiment driving voters in an election in which security, France\u2019s lagging economy, its 10-percent unemployment rate, and Islamist extremism are issues on the minds of those on the left and on the right.\nPeople line up to cast their ballots in the first round of 2017 French presidential election at a polling station in Lyon, France, April 23, 2017.\nThat, analysts say, is what is driving large numbers of people, including some of the middle and upper class residents of Paris, to vote for candidates of the extreme, like Le Pen and Melenchon. \n\u201cSome of them for the thrill of it. It\u2019s the principle, you know. Like playing Russian roulette, but politically.Some others it would be because they despise the elite of this country,\u201d said Thomas Gu\u00e9nol\u00e9, a political analyst in Paris, told VOA.\nIn France, the prevailing candidate in a presidential race needs an absolute majority. If no one wins a majority, the top vote-getters in Sunday\u2019s poll will face off in a second round on May 7. \nPolls closed at 1800 UTC.\n",
        "caption": "People line up to cast their ballots in the first round of 2017 French presidential election at a polling station in Lyon, France, April 23, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/A013487F-168D-4788-AA0E-8E2D2955DBE6.jpg",
        "id": "3308_4",
        "answer": [
            "extreme right to the extreme left",
            " extreme right to the extreme left"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "polling station",
            "election",
            "presidential "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_23_3821919",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_23_3821919_4"
    },
    {
        "question": "What group carried out the event in the image?",
        "context": "Al-Qaida-Linked Group Claims Deadly Damascus Blasts\nThe death toll from twin bombings on a religious shrine in the capital Damascus has risen to 74, according to the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights.\nMost of the dead were Iraqi Shi'ite pilgrims.\nImages from the scene showed several wrecked tourist buses, with eyeglasses, shoes, cellphones and a mangled wheelchair scattered in the blood-stained wreckage.\nA photo released by the Syrian official news agency SANA shows blood-soaked streets and several damaged buses in a parking lot at the site of twin explosions in Damascus, Syria, March 11, 2017.\nAn al-Qaida-linked alliance claimed responsibility for the blasts.\nSyrian authorities and monitors cited conflicting reports about the cause of the blasts. State television said bombs had been planted in the Syrian capital's Bab al-Saghir cemetery, which includes a shrine where Shi'ites venerate some of the early figures of their faith. The Shi'ite militant group Hezbollah, however, said suicide bombers carried explosives to the shrine, which marks one of the seven gates to the Old City of Damascus.\nAll accounts agreed that the two explosions were detonated 10 to 15 minutes apart, which meant many casualties occurred when the crowds rushed to the blast scene to offer help, and the second bomb exploded.\nIn a separate development Saturday, Syrian President Bashar al-Assad vowed that his army will continue an offensive against Islamic State all the way to the extremists' de-facto capital, Raqqa, even as a rival, U.S.-coordinated Kurdish force prepares an all-out assault on the same extremist stronghold.\nAssad spoke in an interview aired Saturday by Hong Kong-based satellite Phoenix television.\nAsked about the deployment of 500 U.S. troops last week at Manbij, Assad said \"any foreign troops coming to Syria without our invitation ... are invaders.\"\nFILE - A convoy of U.S. forces armored vehicles drives near the village of Yalanli, on the western outskirts of the northern Syrian city of Manbij, March 5, 2017.\nThree rival anti-jihadist armies are now converging on the area northwest of Raqqa: a Turkish force and allied Sunni fighters; Assad's largely Shi'ite army, backed by Russia and Shi'ite militias that Iran supplies; and the U.S.-backed Kurdish force known as the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF).\nFILE - Men that fled areas of clashes surrender to Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) fighters north of Raqqa city, Syria, March 8, 2017.\nThe close proximity of those forces has prompted warnings that longstanding antipathy between Turkey and Kurdish fighters in the SDF could boil over into conflict ahead of any combined assault on Raqqa.\nThe Pentagon described the U.S. deployment this week as a precautionary move aimed at keeping the rival forces in and near Manbij from attacking each other.\n",
        "caption": "Syrian army soldiers and civilians inspect the damage at the site of an attack by two suicide bombers in Damascus, Syria, March 11, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/A4540DAA-5B72-4089-B303-0063A640F7E1.jpg",
        "id": "16149_1",
        "answer": [
            "Hezbollah",
            "None",
            "al-Qaida"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "bombers",
            "attack by two suicide bombers"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_12_3762194",
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    },
    {
        "question": "Who is helping the people in the image?",
        "context": "US on Mosul Civilian Deaths: 'A Fair Chance We Did It'\nPENTAGON \u2014\u00a0\nThe commander of American forces in Iraq says the U.S. military likely played a role in an airstrike in Mosul, an attack March 17 that witnesses said killed about 100 civilians.\n\"Because we struck in that area, I think there is a fair chance that we did it,\" Army Lt. Gen. Stephen Townsend, the commander leading the counter-Islamic State fight in Iraq and Syria, told reporters in a conference call Tuesday from Baghdad.\nTownsend said Iraqi military leaders \"firmly believe\" that civilians were gathered by Islamic State ahead of the strike, either to lure the coalition into a trap that would kill civilians or possibly for the extremists' use as human shields.\nResidents carry the body of several people killed during fights between Iraq security forces and Islamic State on the western side of Mosul, Iraq, March 24, 2017.\n\"We know that ISIS were fighting from that position, from that building, and there were people [whom] you really can't account for in any other way on why they would be there, unless they were forced there,\" Townsend said, using an acronym for Islamic State group.\nFurther questions of U.S. involvement have been raised based on the amount of damage in the area where civilian casualties were reported. According to Townsend, the munitions used during the U.S. airstrike should not have collapsed an entire building. Since the building did collapse, that \"actually contradicts\" the conclusion that the U.S. military was responsible, he said.\nAnother U.S. official who spoke to VOA on condition of anonymity said: \"For example, and just as an example without getting into specifics, but a 50-pound [23-kilogram] precision munition isn't going to bring down a four-story building.\"\nAir Force Brigadier General Matthew Isler, an experienced strike pilot, has been appointed to lead the civilian casualty credibility assessment of the March 17 attack. Townsend said U.S. personnel have inspected the site to conduct tests and gather information.\nSmoke rises while displaced Iraqis wait to get food supplies as Iraqi forces battle with Islamic State militants, in western Mosul, Iraq, March 27, 2017.\nAs U.S. forces continue targeting Islamic State militants to help Iraqi forces retake Mosul, the U.N. human rights chief is calling on Iraq's military and the U.S.-led coalition to review their tactics in the battle.\n\"The conduct of airstrikes on ISIL locations in such an environment, particularly given the clear indications that ISIL is using large numbers of civilians as human shields at such locations, may potentially have a lethal and disproportionate impact on civilians,\" Zeid Ra'ad Al Hussein said in a statement Tuesday, using another acronym for Islamic State.\nThe U.N. says at least 307 people were killed and 273 others wounded between February 17 and March 22 in western Mosul. It attributed the casualties to all sides involved in the fight for western Mosul: Iraqi and coalition airstrikes, Islamic State shellfire, and improvised explosive devices detonated by the militants.\nThe Islamic State strategy \"of using children, men and women to shield themselves from attack is cowardly and disgraceful,\" Zeid said. \"It breaches the most basic standards of human dignity and morality.\"\nWATCH: Iraq continues Mosul offensive\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nIraq Continues Mosul Offensive Amid Reports of Civilian Casualties\nShare this video\n0:01:54\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:54\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 5.2MB\n360p | 8.1MB\n720p | 52.7MB\n1080p | 37.6MB\nHe welcomed pledges by the U.S.-led coalition and Iraqi military that the most serious incidents involving civilian casualties would be thoroughly investigated.\n\"I'm not targeting civilians; ISIS is,\" Townsend said Tuesday. \"The best way, though, to put an end to this human suffering is to win in Mosul and to win in Raqqa [Islamic State\u2019s headquarters in Syria], and to do it fast.\"\nThe U.S. military has said it is looking at more than 700 separate video feeds covering 10 days of airstrikes in its attempts to determine the credibility of reports that coalition strikes killed as many as 100 civilians in Mosul. The Pentagon has called such a civilian death toll a terrible tragedy.\nNate Rabkin, managing editor of the website Inside Iraqi Politics, said the building in question was the home of a wealthy man who had invited refugees to stay there.\n\"Fighters from ISIS set up on the roof of this building, and so when the building was targeted with an airstrike, it ended up killing a lot of the people sheltering inside,\" Rabkin told VOA.\nAn Iraqi soldier helps a displaced child to get out of a truck as Iraqi forces battle with Islamic State militants, in western Mosul, March 28, 2017.\nMore than a half-million civilians are still believed to remain in Islamic State-held areas of Mosul, with many of them used by Islamic State extremists as human shields as Iraqi forces advance.\nCivilians, humanitarian aid groups and monitoring officials have warned about the possibility of increased civilian casualties because of a growing demand for airstrikes and artillery.\nVOA\u2019s Victor Beattie contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "Smoke rises while displaced Iraqis wait to get food supplies as Iraqi forces battle with Islamic State militants, in western Mosul, Iraq, March 27, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/EDEB4A5B-3C06-41DF-B6A2-7D87B4ACCDF0.jpg",
        "id": "10155_3",
        "answer": [
            "the U.N. human rights chief",
            "None",
            "U.S. forces"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "displaced Iraqis",
            "Iraqi forces"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_28_3784787",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_28_3784787_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the full name of the country of the person on the left of the image?",
        "context": "Trump Calls North Korea 'Big Problem' Following Missile Launch\nU.S. President Donald Trump called North Korea a \"big, big problem\" following the communist nation's latest ballistic missile launch.\nDuring a news conference Monday at the White House with Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, Trump said his administration will deal with North Korea \"very strongly.\" He did not give further details.\nTrump also praised his weekend meetings with Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe in Florida. The two leaders were together Sunday when they learned North Korea launched its latest missile, which South Korean military officials said traveled about 500 kilometers before landing in the Sea of Japan.\nAbe called North Korea's actions \"absolutely intolerable.\"\nWATCH: Trump discusses North Korea missile test \nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTrump: North Korea Among Biggest Threats to National Security\nShare this video\n0:00:54\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:54\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 2.5MB\n360p | 2.9MB\n480p | 15.2MB\nInternational community reacts\nThe U.N. Security Council met in an emergency closed-door session to discuss the launch late Monday. The United States, Japan and South Korea requested the meeting.\nIn a statement, the 15-member council condemned Sunday's launch as a \"grave violation\" of Pyongyang's international obligations under six U.N. resolutions.\n\"The members of the Security Council deplore all the Democratic People's Republic of Korea ballistic missile activities, including these launches, noting that such activities contribute to the Democratic People's Republic of Korea's development of nuclear weapons delivery systems and increase tension,\" the statement said.\nThe council added that it will \"continue to closely monitor the situation and take further significant measures.\" It did not elaborate on what those measures would be.\nA man watches a TV news program showing photos published in North Korea's Rodong Sinmun newspaper of North Korea's \"Pukguksong-2\" missile launch and North Korean leader Kim Jong Un at Seoul Railway Station in Seoul, South Korea, Feb. 13, 2017.\nIn the past, most recently in November, the council tightened existing international sanctions and imposed new ones targeting the sectors that generate cash to fund the nuclear and ballistic missile programs.\n\"We call on all members of the Security Council to use every available resource to make it clear to the North Korean regime \u2014 and its enablers \u2014 that these launches are unacceptable,\" U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Nikki Haley said in a statement. \"It is time to hold North Korea accountable \u2014 not with our words, but with our actions.\"\nJapan's U.N. envoy, Koro Bessho, whose country was in the line of fire of Sunday's test launch, told reporters that the council was \"very unanimous\" in saying there must be implementation of the resolution adopted in November. \"That's a starting point,\" he said, adding that the council will keep watching the situation closely.\nU.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres also condemned the missile test as a \"further troubling violation\" of U.N. resolutions.\nGuterres said Pyongyang \"must return to full compliance with its international obligations and to the path of denuclearization,\" and he urged the international community to continue addressing the situation in \"a united manner.\"\nJapanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe delivers remarks on North Korea accompanied by U.S. President Donald Trump at Mar-a-Lago club in Palm Beach, Florida, Feb. 11, 2017.\nTom Karako, with the Washington-based policy research group, Center for Strategic and International Studies, told VOA the missile launch is a test for the new Trump administration. \"Every administration is tested early in its tenure. This may be one of the early tests but it won't be the last.\"\n'Great satisfaction'\nIn North Korea, the state-run KCNA news agency said the test was a \"Korean-style new type strategic weapon system,\" and boasted it was overseen by leader Kim Jong Un.\nIt said Kim \"expressed great satisfaction over the possession of another powerful nuclear attack means, which adds to the tremendous might of the country.\"\nChinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Geng Shuang on Monday said China opposed the launch, which violated U.N. Security Council resolutions. He added that China, one of the five permanent Security Council members, urges all sides to refrain from any provocative acts and believes dialogue is the path to a resolution.\nRussia's Foreign Ministry also expressed concern Monday about the missile launch.\nTest taken as challenge \nThe North Korean test was widely interpreted as a challenge to the Trump administration. \nA man watches a TV news program showing a photo published in North Korea's Rodong Sinmun newspaper of North Korea's \"Pukguksong-2\" missile launch, at Seoul Railway station in Seoul, South Korea, Feb. 13, 2017.\nNATO Secretary-General Jens Stoltenberg also condemned the launch, calling it a further violation by Pyongyang of multiple U.N. Security Council resolutions.\nNorth Korea conducted two unauthorized nuclear test explosions last year and launched nearly two dozen rockets in continuing efforts to expand its nuclear weapons and missile programs. Kim declared in a speech on New Year's Day that his country has \"reached the final stage\" in its program to build ICBMs [Inter-Continental Ballistic Missiles], but Western experts have been skeptical about his forecast.\nNorth Korea plays it safe\nHarry Kazianis, the director of Defense Studies at the Center for the National Interest in Washington, said North Korea wanted to provoke Trump with Sunday's missile launch, but did not want to risk an ICBM test that might fail.\n\"I think the North Koreans would be a little bit afraid that if [an ICBM] test failed that would obviously not make them look very good,\" he said.\nVOA\u2019s Libo Liu and Margaret Besheer contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "A man watches a TV news program showing photos published in North Korea's Rodong Sinmun newspaper of North Korea's \"Pukguksong-2\" missile launch and North Korean leader Kim Jong Un at Seoul Railway Station in Seoul, South Korea, Feb. 13, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/04E4CD64-267E-4A09-92F2-397520E8B215.jpg",
        "id": "1124_2",
        "answer": [
            "Democratic People's Republic of Korea"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Korea",
            "Kim Jong Un"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_13_3723077",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_13_3723077_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the short person in the image want to have made?",
        "context": "Philippines Looks to China for Infrastructure Funds Despite Doubts at Home\nTAIPEI \u2014\u00a0\nThe Philippine president\u2019s ambitious $167 billion plan to build up infrastructure for long-term job creation and economic development will tap into his new friendship with China for funding, despite doubts at home.\nPresident Rodrigo Duterte said his \u201cgolden age\u201d of infrastructure would create roads, railways and other public infrastructure through the end of his term in 2022. The Southeast Asian country, where about one-fifth of people live in poverty, has missed factory investment, and with it job creation, partly because of a lack of those amenities.\nRoads, railways and ports\nChina has offered the Philippines up to $24 billion in aid that includes such projects, part of a friendship that the two former rivals began pursuing after Duterte took office in June 2016. Previously China and the Philippines angrily disputed tracts of the South China Sea. Beijing had taken an upper hand with land reclamation in the sea\u2019s Spratly Islands and coast guard patrols over a shoal coveted by Filipino fishermen.\n\u201cIt shouldn\u2019t be a surprise that the Philippines would be receiving more funding,\u201d said Song Seng Wun, Southeast Asia-specialized economist with the private banking unit of CIMB in Singapore.\n\u201cThe only thing, obviously all these things will come with a catch,\u201d he said. \u201cIn the case of the Philippines, from the Chinese, it\u2019s to get the Philippines on their side as far as the South China Sea claims over territory are concerned. It does anchor the Philippines closer toward the Chinese.\u201d\nThe Philippines wants to be more economically competitive\nA heftier infrastructure budget, which began growing in 2016 under Duterte\u2019s predecessor Benigno Aquino, would build new ground transportation as well as expand ports and airports for use by foreign-invested factories. Investors now pick places such as China and Vietnam because of their more developed facilities.\n\u201cWe are ready to fund the Build, Build, Build infrastructure program that will ensure robust growth for the economy and more inclusive growth pattern and dramatic reduction in poverty incidence by 2022,\u201d presidential office spokesman Ernesto Abella said via the office website July 6. \nAt least 20 million Filipinos are \u201cpoor,\u201d according to the Philippine Statistics Office Authority data last year. They live on less than half the \u201cliving wage,\u201d of 1,088 pesos ($24.10) per day, it said via the presidential website.\nThe Philippines is also raising money through tax reform to fund new infrastructure. From July to May, the government collected about 2.09 trillion pesos ($41 billion) in revenues, seven percent higher than in the same period a year earlier, Abella said.\nBut officials are also tapping China. Over the past year, for example, Beijing has discussed helping fund two Philippine railway projects with a combined total cost of $8.3 billion. China agreed in January to work with the Philippines on 30 projects and put up the equivalent of $3.7 billion.\nBut who benefits the most? \nPhilippine pundits and opposition politicians have questioned that funding because they worry Beijing would use it to erode their country\u2019s sovereignty claim to the fishing-rich, oil-laden South China Sea off their west coasts. \nSome also wonder whether China will send its own workers and materials for the projects it funds. Chinese-funded projects in other countries have come with Chinese labor, meaning fewer local jobs.\n\u201cWe want to know if these infrastructure projects that will be funded by loans from China will really translate into actually jobs for skilled and unskilled laborers, for fellow Filipinos, as well as local sourcing of materials for the big push for infrastructure by the administration,\u201d said Georgina Hernandez, spokeswoman for separately elected Philippine Vice President Leni Robedo. \nPhilippine Senator Leila de Lima asked the senate in May to examine any proposed loan from China that would rack up debt or compromise Philippine sovereignty.\nDistrust, but is it warranted? \nMost Filipinos distrust China, according to a survey by Metro Manila research organization Social Weather Stations in the first quarter of 2017. \nBut the Philippines will probably find China\u2019s loan terms equal to what private banks would offer according to Christian de Guzman, vice president and senior credit officer with Moody\u2019s in Singapore. \nBeijing has made similar offers across Eurasia under its 4-year-old \u201cBelt-and-Road\u201d initiative aimed at increasing Chinese influence while picking up contracts for Chinese firms. \n\u201cThe debate, with regards to borrowing from China I think, has some political overtones to it,\u201d de Guzman said. \n\u201cBut I think from a pure financial perspective, the cost of borrowing from China is not any cheaper or any more expensive than borrowing from the market,\u201d he said. \u201cThis is because borrowing from China is typically done through the Chinese policy banks. They\u2019re not a private bank. They\u2019re state owned.\u201d\nChina is using its financial clout \nBrunei, Malaysia, and Vietnam also contest Beijing\u2019s claims to the 3.5 million-square-kilometer South China Sea. They resent Chinese control of islets for military use as well as its passage of coast guard vessels through waters overlapping their own claims. \nChina has turned to its $11.2 trillion economy to offer investment for all three, keeping their anger quiet especially after a world arbitration court ruled a year ago this month against the legal basis for much of Beijing's maritime claims.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte (L) and Chinese President Xi Jinping shake hands after a signing ceremony held in Beijing, Oct. 20, 2016. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F7D69080-E783-4D3C-AB76-EED9EC0ABABF.jpg",
        "id": "26111_1",
        "answer": [
            "roads, railways and other public infrastructure"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "President Rodrigo Duterte"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_17_3947080",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_17_3947080_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "For how long did the men with black ties in the image meet?",
        "context": "Israelis Elated, Palestinians Disappointed by Trump Visit\nJERUSALEM \u2014\u00a0\nIn a country where symbolism is so important, President Donald Trump made a number of important gestures during his visit to the Holy Land this week, leaving Israelis elated and Palestinians disappointed.\n\u201cThank you President Trump for your steadfast friendship to the Jewish people and the Jewish state!\u201d said a beaming Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu. \u201cIt is deeply, deeply appreciated.\u201d\nTrump became the first sitting president to visit the Western Wall, the last remnant of the biblical Temple and Judaism\u2019s holiest site, saying he was \u201cdeeply moved\u201d and that \u201cit will leave an impression on me forever.\u201d \nOther presidents have stayed away because the United States does not recognize Israeli sovereignty over Jerusalem\u2019s disputed Old City, which the Palestinians claim as the capital of their future state.\nWATCH: Trump at Western Wall \nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nPresident Trump Visits Western Wall in Jerusalem\nShare this video\n0:00:27\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:27\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 1.4MB\n360p | 2.3MB\n480p | 12.6MB\nThe president and his family also visited the Yad Vashem Holocaust Memorial and embraced the Israeli ethos that the Jewish state rose out of the ashes of World War II. \n\u201cIt was history\u2019s darkest hour,\u201d Trump said of the \u201csystematic attempt to eliminate the Jewish people. From the depths of the suffering, the Jewish people have built a mighty nation, and the Star of David waves proudly above this cherished land.\u201d\nThat kind of empathy plays well among the Israeli public.\n\u201cHe was amazing!\u201d said Liat Hirsch, a housewife in Jerusalem. \u201cTrump really has a place in his heart for Israel.\u201d\nU.S. President Donald Trump, flanked by Israel's Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu (3rd L) and their wives Melania Trump (L) and Sara Netanyahu (2nd L), delivers remarks after a wreath-laying at the Yad Vashem holocaust memorial in Jerusalem, May 23, 2017\nZalman Shoval, a former Israeli ambassador to the United States, says Trump\u2019s stop at the Western Wall sends a powerful signal to the Palestinians, who deny Jewish biblical and historical ties to Jerusalem.\n\u201cBy going there, he\u2019s the president, which shows very, very clearly his respect and acknowledgement for the connection of the Jewish people with its land and with its capital, which goes beyond diplomatic pronouncements,\u201d Shoval said. \u201cAll the different messages made by President Trump are not only something heartwarming to Israelis, but it\u2019s a clear message to the Palestinians: Be serious about making peace and don\u2019t delude yourselves that the U.S. is not Israel\u2019s ally and will look the other way.\u201d\nU.S. President Donald Trump (L) and Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas shake hands before beginning their meeting at the Presidential Palace in the West Bank city of Bethlehem, May 23, 2017.\nPalestinians unimpressed\nWhile Trump heaped praise on Israel during the 28-hour visit, he spent only one hour in the West Bank town of Bethlehem, meeting with Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas. The American leader said that the time is ripe for peace, but did not propose a specific plan to achieve it. There was no mention of key Palestinian grievances and aspirations, namely, the expansion of Jewish settlements and the creation of a Palestinian state.\nIman Haddad, a Palestinian student in the West Bank, said Trump\u2019s visit was little more than a photo-op. \u201cIn my opinion it was a general [i.e., ordinary] visit for the American president,\u201d she said. \u201cI didn\u2019t see anything new in his speech about the settlements, about the [Israeli] siege, about the checkpoints. And in the end, it\u2019s nothing new.\u201d\nThe Palestinian press was equally skeptical, especially about Netanyahu\u2019s comments to Trump that \u201cIsrael also shares the commitment to peace that you expressed ... We\u2019ve already made peace with Egypt and Jordan and Israel\u2019s hand is extended in peace to all our neighbors, including the Palestinians.\u201d\nA woman watches a motorcade carrying President Donald Trump to a meeting with Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas, May 23, 2017, in the West Bank City of Bethlehem.\n\u201cThe statements of Israeli officials on peace are misleading,\u201d said an editorial in the Jerusalem-based Arabic language newspaper Al-Quds. \u201cThese statements are nothing but bubbles that will soon vanish. Their purpose is to throw dust in [Trump\u2019s] eyes, because the occupation state [Israel] is uninterested in peace or in achieving security and stability in the region.\u201d\nNevertheless, leaders on both sides want to give the new U.S. administration a chance. Trump said that \u201cwith determination, compromise ... and the belief that peace is possible, Israelis and Palestinians can make a deal.\u201d As a first step, American negotiators are trying to goad reluctant Israeli and Palestinian leaders back to peace talks that collapsed three years ago; and they might succeed, because neither side wants to say \u201cNo\u201d to the president. \n",
        "caption": "U.S. President Donald Trump, left, and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu shake hands at the Israel museum in Jerusalem, May 23, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B913D1CF-5DFD-4094-BF5F-7C2EBC769E87.jpg",
        "id": "7252_1",
        "answer": [
            "28-hour"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Trump",
            "Donald Trump, Benjamin Netanyahu"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_24_3868805",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_24_3868805_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What group does not like what the person represented by the effigy second from left in the image wants to support?",
        "context": "France's Macron, Le Pen Aim to Consolidate Poll Lead in French TV Debate\nPARIS \u2014\u00a0\nThe top candidates in France's volatile presidential election go head-to-head in a televised debate Monday as polls show centrist Emmanuel Macron and far right leader Marine Le Pen pulling away from the pack five weeks before the first round.\nMacron, Le Pen and the three other leading candidates will take part in a nearly three-hour debate on the main private channel starting at 9 p.m. (2000 GMT) on Monday expected to be watched by millions.\nThe televised debate, the first held before the first round of a French presidential election, may be crucial in helping viewers make up their minds.\nOpinion polls show almost 40 percent of voters are not completely sure who to back in the election, being held over two rounds on April 23 and May 7 against a backdrop of high unemployment and sluggish growth.\nMarkets, surprised by Britain's Brexit vote last June, are nervous about the possibility of a victory by National Front leader Le Pen, who pledges to take France out of the euro and hold a referendum on EU membership.\nPolls show Macron and Le Pen establishing a clear lead in terms of voting intentions in the first round, while conservative candidate Francois Fillon, the one-time front-runner who has been damaged by a financial scandal, has slipped back.\nAn attack at Paris Orly airport on Saturday, when a man known to police as a radicalized Muslim was shot dead after trying to grab a soldier's rifle, has put security back in the spotlight after a series of Islamic attacks shook France.\nThat could play into the hands of right-wing candidates Le Pen and Fillon, who advocate tougher security measures.\nThe latest daily Opinionway poll on Monday showed Le Pen scoring 27 percent in the first round, in front of Macron on 23 and Fillon on 18. Only the top two candidates go through to the runoff, when polls suggest Macron would easily beat Le Pen.\nThe premium that investors demand to hold French instead of German debt rose to its highest in almost two weeks Monday, reflecting unease among investors before the debate.\n\"We think the importance of this debate should not be underestimated. Only 60 percent of voters polled by Ifop say they have made up their mind,\" said Mizuho rates strategist Antoine Bouvet.\nPollster Ifop's data show more than 80 percent of Le Pen's backers saying they would definitely vote for her in the first round. By contrast, less than 49 percent of Macron's supporters were certain they would vote for him.\nThe other two candidates taking part in Monday evening's debate are the ruling Socialist Party's candidate Benoit Hamon and Jean-Luc Melenchon, who have split the left-wing vote.\nMacron, 39, a former economy minister and investment banker who has never run for elected office, made a name for himself by criticizing sacred cows of the French \"social model\" such as the 35-hour working week, iron-clad job protection and civil servants' jobs for life. Other candidates are likely to attack his relative inexperience.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Big heads showing left to right, French presidential election candidate for Leftist Front Jean-Luc Melanchon, far right regional leader for southeastern France, Marion Le Pen and presidential candidate Emmanuel Macron, parade during 133th Nice carnival parade in Nice, southeastern France, Feb. 11, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B189D30D-193B-4495-BE60-B36980191EED.jpg",
        "id": "28220_1",
        "answer": [
            "Markets"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Le Pen"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_20_3773776",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_20_3773776_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person with white hair in the image going to do?",
        "context": "US Defense Secretary Embarks on Damage Control Mission to East Asia\nSEOUL \u2014\u00a0\nOn his first official trip to South Korea and Japan this week, U.S. Defense Secretary James Mattis is expected to reassure allies made nervous by President Donald Trump\u2019s criticisms of \u201cfree rider\u201d nations that do not pay their fair share of mutual defense costs.\n\u201cI think that uncertainty is viewed as destabilizing or potentially destabilizing. I think a number of alliance partners in the region are raising questions about the credibility of the U.S. alliance commitments,\u201d said regional security analyst Daniel Pinkston with Troy University in Seoul.\nNorth Korean Threat\nThe Pentagon says the defense secretary\u2019s decision to make East Asia his first overseas destination is meant to reinforce the longstanding U.S. commitment to defend its allies against North Korea\u2019s advancing nuclear and missile threat.\nThe U.S. defense secretary already spoke with South Korean Defense Minister Han Minkoo on Tuesday by telephone. Mattis reportedly reaffirmed the U.S. obligation to uphold the mutual defense treaty, that would include providing \u201cextended deterrence,\u201d the guarantee that American armed forces would help counter any North Korean attack on its allies with the vast U.S. arsenal of conventional weapons and even tactical nuclear weapons.\nIn addition, the two defense ministers agreed to deploy the U.S. THAAD missile defense shield this year as planned, over objections from China and despite mounting opposition in South Korea. \nPresident Trump also spoke to South Korean Acting President Hwang Kyo-ahn this week to say the U.S. would remain a strong military ally. And Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe will meet with Trump at the White House on February 10. \nTrump uncertainty \nDuring the campaign Trump suggested he might withdrawal troops and allow allies to procure their own nuclear weapons to defend themselves, unless they agree to pay significantly more for American military protection. And in his inaugural address the president vowed to change U.S. policies that, \u201csubsidized the armies of other countries while allowing for the very sad depletion of our military.\u201d \nLeaders in Tokyo and Seoul have embraced the supportive statements coming from Trump and Mattis. But others expect the president to follow through on his campaign promise to use strong arm tactics to pressure Japan and South Korea to increase their defense contributions, just has he has done on other controversial issues like recently blocking visitors from seven Muslim-majority nations. \nWatch video report from VOA Pentagon correspondent Carla Babb:\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nNew Defense Secretary Travels to Japan, South Korea\nShare this video\n0:01:54\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:54\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 5.3MB\n360p | 7.3MB\n720p | 43.3MB\n1080p | 31.2MB\nCritics say the Trump administration\u2019s mixed messages to the region, and the increasing internal divisions and protests in the U.S., are leading allies to doubt whether they can continue to rely on American power. \n\u201cI think it would be odd if Japan and South Korea do not rethink their positions given the changes in the United States. Otherwise you will be completely at the mercy of the whims, and really the unpredictable conduct and deeds, from the Trump administration,\u201d said Koichi Nakano, a professor of political science at Sophia University in Tokyo. \nNakano says Trump\u2019s hardline approach will be as divisive in Asia as it is in the U.S., and will likely lead to an increase in anti-American sentiment and closer ties to China.\nConverging interests\nBut Pinkston says the existential threat that a nuclear North Korea poses will keep the U.S. and its East Asian allies united, and that even contentious negotiations over defense costs will not ultimately dismantle longstanding security relationships in the region, especially the ties between Washington and Seoul. \n\u201cThe incentive to cooperate, particularly in areas of national security and economic cooperation between U.S. and South Korea, are so strong that I think it transcends any person or individual in the White House and also the Blue House,\u201d said Pinkston. \nMattis\u2019s visit to East Asia, he says, as well as the continuation of annual joint military drills, will send a strong signal to adversaries in North Korea and China that the U.S. will remain engaged in the region. \nThere are over 50,000 American troops stationed in Japan and more than 28,500 in South Korea to maintain regional security. Both countries maintain they are currently in compliance with current defense sharing agreements. Tokyo reportedly pays over $1.6 billion and Seoul over $866 million to Washington to support American troops, in addition to other base construction costs and support. The U.S. spent $5.5 billion in 2016 on its bases in Japan, according to the Pentagon. \n",
        "caption": "FILE - U.S. Defense Secretary Jim Mattis, right, and U.S. President Donald Trump walk into the Pentagon in Washington.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/ED51D97C-560A-4A80-A8AE-7B7778FAE1D8.jpg",
        "id": "28612_1",
        "answer": [
            "reassure allies made nervous by President Donald Trump\u2019s criticisms"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "James Mattis"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_01_3701323",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_01_3701323_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What has been used more to prevent events like those in the image?",
        "context": "US Strike Reportedly Kills Haqqani Network Commander in Pakistan\nA suspected drone strike has reportedly killed a key Haqqani network commander in a remote Pakistani tribal district, according to Pakistani security officials.\nThe attack late Monday targeted a leader of the terror group, identified as Abubakar. Local officials suspected the strike was from a U.S. drone, but the Pentagon denied carrying out the attack.\n\"The Department of Defense has not conducted any recent strikes in Pakistan,\" Pentagon spokesman Adam Stump told VOA Pentagon correspondent Carla Babb on Wednesday.\nBehram Khan, a resident of Dewal village in the Speen Tal area of the Hangu district, told Radio Liberty that three others were wounded in the strike, including a boy.\nAbubakar, whose original name was Omar, hailed from Afghanistan's southeastern Khost province, the birthplace of network founder Jalaluddin Haqqani, according to Afghan and Pakistani intelligence reports.\nKhan said the slain commander moved to Dewal from Pakistan's North Waziristan tribal district after the Pakistani military launched a counterterrorist operation there in 2014.\nThe suspected drone strike came after a May 31 truck bombing in Kabul killed more than 150 people in the deadliest attack in the Afghan capital since the ouster of the Taliban following the U.S.-led invasion in 2001.\nAfghan officials blamed the Pakistan-based Haqqani network for the blast. But network leader Sirajuddin Haqqani, in a rare Pashto language audio message released over the weekend by the Taliban to VOA, denied insurgents' involvement in the attack.\nBased in tribal region\nThe Haqqani network, a militant group that fights Afghan and U.S. forces in Afghanistan and is a U.S.-designated foreign terrorist organization, is reported to be based in Miram Shah, a town in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas in northern Pakistan.\nThe network operates base camps where it trains suicide bombers and does logistical planning for military operations, according to media reports.\nIn recent years, group members have moved to other areas in the tribal region that borders Afghanistan, from where they launch attacks against Afghan and U.S. forces stationed in the country, according to U.S. officials.\nAfghan officials and U.S. terrorism authorities consider the network one the most lethal terrorist groups in Afghanistan. It has been blamed for some of the deadliest violence in the country, including attacks on embassies in Kabul, the Afghan parliament building, local residents and U.S. military bases.\nFILE - Students gather at the site of a U.S. drone strike on an Islamic seminary in Hangu district, bordering North Waziristan, Pakistan, Nov. 21, 2013. The strike killed a senior member of the Taliban-linked Haqqani network, Pakistani and Afghan sources said.\nMonday's drone attack was not the first one in the area. A senior Haqqani commander was killed in 2013, along with several other members of the group, by a U.S. drone strike.\nU.S. drone attacks in Pakistan have resumed as Afghanistan has seen an uptick in terrorist activities and violence that Afghan and U.S. officials blame largely on Pakistan.\nU.S. action urged\n\"The Haqqani network, which is an ally of al-Qaida and Taliban extremists, has operated as Pakistan's proxy,\" Zalmay Khalilzad, former U.S. ambassador to Afghanistan and Iraq, told VOA recently.\n\"If Pakistan refuses to move against the Haqqani network sanctuaries, the U.S. should consider actions against the sanctuaries, including striking them,\" he said.\nAfghan intelligence officials told VOA's Afghan service that the Taliban purposely deny involvement in most deadly attacks in Afghanistan to secure their Pakistani sponsors from further isolation.\nIslamabad has rejected the charges as baseless and unfounded, saying Pakistan \"in the strongest terms\" has condemned the Kabul terrorist attack. Pakistan officially has dismissed allegations that Taliban insurgents are using Pakistani soil for orchestrating the violence.\nVOA's Deewa service contributed to this report from Peshawar. VOA's Carla Babb reported from the Pentagon\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Security forces stand next to a crater created by a massive explosion that killed over 150, according to the Afghan president, in front of the German Embassy in Kabul, Afghanistan, May 31, 2017. The Taliban's second in command and head of the militant Haqqani network denied involvement in recent deadly attacks in Kabul and western Afghanistan.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/CB78E891-5A16-4580-9742-49B4CF294C4C.jpg",
        "id": "4826_1",
        "answer": [
            "drone attacks"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Afghanistan"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_13_3899067",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_13_3899067_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What are the people in the image struggling to work around?",
        "context": "US, Russia on Collision Course Vying for Europe Gas Market\nWARSAW \u2014\u00a0\nVisiting Poland this week, U.S. President Donald Trump pledged to boost exports of American liquefied natural gas (LNG) to Central Europe and take on Russia\u2019s stranglehold on energy supplies.\n\u201cAmerica stands ready to help Poland and other European nations diversify their energy supplies so that you can never be held hostage to a single supplier,\u201d Trump told reporters after talks with his Polish counterpart Thursday.\nUp to now, that supplier has been Russia. It supplied around a third of Europe\u2019s gas demand in 2016, with an even greater share in many of the former Soviet states in Central and Eastern Europe.\nWatch: US, Russia on Collision Course in Competition for European Gas Market\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nUS, Russia on Collision Course in Competition for European Gas Market\nShare this video\n0:02:40\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:40\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 7.5MB\n360p | 11.3MB\n720p | 76.6MB\nNatural gas and dominance\nRussian state-owned firm Gazprom shut off pipelines to Ukraine in 2015, depriving Kyiv of a major source of revenue and disrupting supplies to Eastern Europe.\n\u201cIt\u2019s a key pillar of Russian foreign policy: of using gas and energy as a means of asserting dominance over Central Europe,\u201d said Marek Matraszek, founder of the lobby firm CEC Government Relations, who played a major role in the Polish government\u2019s acquisition of U.S.-built F-16 fighter planes.\nThe first shipment of American liquefied natural gas arrived at the port of Swinoujscie on Poland\u2019s Baltic coast last month. The port facility and liquefaction plant were finished in 2015, aimed at diversifying the country\u2019s energy sources and enabling Poland to become a hub supplying imported gas across Central and Eastern Europe.\nWith that in mind, the Three Seas Initiative Summit in Warsaw Thursday brought together leaders from a dozen Eastern European nations, plus Trump. He pledged the United States will never use energy as a political tool. \nRussia's pipeline\nEnergy analyst Grzegorz Malecki, a former head of Poland\u2019s Foreign Intelligence Agency says Russia will be watching with interest.\n\u201cIf this new source of gas supplies is moved forward and the infrastructure built, it may cause Russia to change its approach. The Polish government is probably counting on it. Russia may change its politics towards Poland regarding energy,\u201d Malecki told VOA in an interview this week.\nRussia has plans of its own to boost exports. Initially scheduled to open in 2019, the Nord Stream 2 pipeline would double its capacity to export gas directly to Germany beneath the Baltic Sea, bypassing Ukraine. Eastern European states want the project blocked.\n\u201cIf we want to have United States\u2019 LNG supplies in Central Europe, we also want to see the United States getting tough on Nord Stream 2, which means getting tough on Russia,\u201d Matraszek said.\nAmerican LNG and the Nord Stream 2 project are on a collision course, with Poland stuck in the middle, Malecki said.\n\u201cIt\u2019s hard to hide the fact that these two projects compete with each other. The odds are that there will be a clash of these energy giants in Europe,\u201d he said.\nU.S. President Donald Trump meets with Russian President Vladimir Putin at the G-20 Summit, July 7, 2017, in Hamburg. Trump and Putin met for more than two hours.\nThree-hundred kilometers west along the Baltic coast from where the existing Nord Stream pipeline comes ashore in Germany, Trump and Russia\u2019s President Vladimir Putin held their first face-to-face meeting at the G-20 Summit in Hamburg Friday.\nIf the American LNG deal goes through, it could have a broader impact on U.S.-Russia relations, said John Hannah of the Washington-based Foundation for Defense of Democracies.\n\u201cI think it could all happen relatively quickly and in a way that will give us much stronger leverage over Putin and the Russians to begin pushing back against some of the more aggressive activities that we\u2019ve seen, not only in Europe but against the United States as well,\u201d Hannah said.\nTrump remains upbeat about his relationship with Putin, but the evolving energy policies in Europe will likely remain a source of friction.\n",
        "caption": "U.S. President Donald Trump meets with Russian President Vladimir Putin at the G-20 Summit, July 7, 2017, in Hamburg. Trump and Putin met for more than two hours.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D49CADF3-74E2-40BD-BC2E-D1DBE65BC4D4.jpg",
        "id": "11761_2",
        "answer": [
            "energy policies",
            "None",
            "evolving energy policies in Europe"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Trump and Putin",
            "Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_08_3933746",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_08_3933746_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What person did the man with the bowtie in the image meet with?",
        "context": "White House Defends Steps Taken Before Flynn's Firing\nThe White House is defending the length of time it took President Donald Trump to decide to fire his first national security adviser, 18 days after he was warned that retired Army Lieutenant General Michael Flynn had been lying to Vice President Mike Pence about his contacts with Russia's U.S. ambassador.\nTrump spokesman Sean Spicer said Tuesday that acting Attorney General Sally Yates, a holdover from former President Barack Obama's administration, gave Trump's White House lawyer \"a heads-up\" about Flynn's discussions with Ambassador Sergey Kislyak in late January, in the first week after Trump took office.\nBut Spicer said it took days to review her contention that Flynn had been \"compromised\" by his misrepresentations to Pence, possibly leaving himself open to blackmail from the Russians. \nTrump fired Flynn in February, after Flynn had been in the national security post just 24 days. The president said it was unacceptable to him that Flynn had misled Pence, who told national television interviewers, based on discussions with Flynn, that Flynn did not talk with Kislyak about sanctions imposed by Obama against Russia for its meddling in last year's U.S. presidential election. Yates learned of Flynn's conversations through routine U.S. intercepts of Kislyak's calls.\nWATCH: Trump White House was Repeatedly Warned About Flynn Before Dismissal\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTrump White House was Repeatedly Warned About Flynn Before Dismissal\nShare this video\n0:02:22\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:22\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 6.8MB\n360p | 9.5MB\n720p | 65.4MB\n1080p | 46.0MB\nPolitical consideration\nSpicer said the Trump administration could not immediately accept Yates' conclusions about Flynn, viewing her as a \"political opponent of the president.\" Trump fired her days later after she refused to defend his first attempt at imposing a travel ban on people traveling to the U.S. from seven majority Muslim countries where terrorist attacks had occurred, an executive order that courts subsequently blocked.\nWATCH: Spicer Explains Time Frame for Flynn Dismissal\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nSpicer Explains Time Frame for Flynn Dismissal\nShare this video\n0:01:18\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:18\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 2.9MB\n360p | 3.3MB\n480p | 15.6MB\n\"The process worked,\" Spicer said of the Flynn review. \"We did what we were supposed to do. The decision we made [to fire Flynn] was the right one and we stand by it.\"\nWATCH: Spicer: 'We're Not Going to Relitigate the Past' on Flynn's Dismissal\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nSpicer: 'We're Not Going to Relitigate the Past' on Flynn's Dismissal\nShare this video\n0:00:31\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:31\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 1.2MB\n360p | 1.4MB\n480p | 6.4MB\nHe declined to outline behind-the-scenes White House considerations leading up to Flynn's firing, saying, \"We're not going to relitigate the past. We've moved on.\"\nReporters sharply questioned Spicer a day after Yates told a Senate panel about her contacts with the White House during the brief period she was the country's top law enforcement official.\nIncorrect statements\nYates testified that she was concerned about repeated statements from Pence and other administration officials incorrectly stating that Flynn had not been in touch with Kislyak, when the intercepts showed the two men had spoken.\n\"The vice president and others were entitled to know that the information that they were conveying to the American people wasn't true,\" Yates said. \"The Russians also knew about what General Flynn had done, and the Russians also knew that General Flynn had misled the vice president.\"\nShe added, \"Every time that happened, it increased the compromise, and to state the obvious, you don't want your national security adviser compromised with the Russians.\"\nFormer acting Attorney General Sally Yates testifies on Capitol Hill in Washington, May 8, 2017.\nMonday's testimony came as part of a Senate investigation into Russian meddling in last year's U.S. presidential election, which Trump won over former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton. Trump has dismissed the probe, as well as separate investigations by the FBI and the House of Representatives, as attempts by Democrats to find a reason for Clinton's upset loss.\nThe president used Twitter to blame the Obama administration for providing \"the highest security clearance\" for Flynn when he served as chief of the Defense Intelligence Agency, from which Obama fired him for his disruptive management style. When they met at the White House two days after Trump won the election, Obama warned Trump against hiring Flynn as national security adviser, but the new president didn't heed the advice.\nNo 'fan' of Flynn\nSpicer said Monday that it was no secret Obama \"wasn't exactly a fan\" of Flynn, and the White House spokesman questioned why Flynn was not stripped of his security clearance.\n\"Why did the Obama administration let Flynn go to Russia for a paid speaking engagement and receive a fee?\" Spicer said. \"There were steps that they could have taken that \u2014 if that was truly a concern.\"\nFILE - Russian President Vladimir Putin, right, sits next to retired U.S. Army Lieutenant General Michael Flynn at an exhibition marking the 10th anniversary of the RT (Russia Today) television news channel in Moscow, Russia, Dec.10, 2015.\nFlynn was paid more than $30,000 for a Moscow trip in 2015, where he sat next to Russian President Vladimir Putin at a dinner celebrating the 10th anniversary of the Kremlin-sponsored RT television network, formerly known as Russia Today, and also more than $500,000 to represent Turkey. Both payments came after he was warned to not accept money from foreign government after retiring from the U.S. military.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Russian President Vladimir Putin, right, sits next to retired U.S. Army Lieutenant General Michael Flynn at an exhibition marking the 10th anniversary of the RT (Russia Today) television news channel in Moscow, Russia, Dec.10, 2015.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/13C7AF50-8B7E-46F1-BBF4-9E4FD51E12A3.jpg",
        "id": "8136_3",
        "answer": [
            "Sergey Kislyak",
            "Flynn"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Flynn",
            "Michael Flynn"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_09_3845096",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_09_3845096_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person with the red tie in the image do?",
        "context": "Sessions Recuses Himself in Russian Election Meddling Probe; Trump Denounces Democratic 'Witch Hunt'\nWHITE HOUSE \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. Attorney General Jeff Sessions has recused himself from any federal investigation of alleged Russian meddling in the 2016 presidential election.\nSessions met with reporters Thursday after The Washington Post reported that as a U.S. senator and member of the Trump campaign, Sessions held two pre-election meetings with Russian Ambassador Sergey Kislyak but withheld that information during his confirmation hearing.\nWATCH: Sessions Defends Confirmation Hearing Statements\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nSessions: \u2018I Never Had Meetings with Russian Operatives\u2019 About Trump Campaign\nShare this video\n0:01:13\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:13\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 3.6MB\n360p | 4.5MB\n480p | 23.5MB\nQuestions have hovered whether Sessions talked about the campaign with the ambassador. Some lawmakers from both parties demanded Sessions recuse himself, while some Democrats said he should resign, accusing him of lying under oath.\nTrump backs Sessions \nPresident Donald Trump, who earlier said he does not think Sessions should recuse himself, called his attorney general \"an honest man\" who could have stated his response at the hearing more accurately.\n\"The Democrats are overplaying their hand. They lost the election and now they have lost their grip on reality. ... It is a total witch hunt,\" the president's statement said.\nAt Sessions\u2019 January 10 confirmation hearing, Democratic Senator Al Franken asked Sessions what he would do if there were any evidence that anyone in the Trump campaign communicated with the Russian government.\n\"I'm not aware of any of those activities. I have been called a surrogate a time or two in that campaign, and I didn't have, did not have, communications with the Russians, and I'm unable to comment on it,\" Sessions replied.\nHe told reporters Thursday that he never had any intention to mislead anyone and that his answers were \"honest and correct\" as he understood the question at that time.\nBut he said that \"in retrospect, I should have slowed down and said, 'But I did meet one Russian official a couple of times. That would be the ambassador.'\"Sessions said Thursday his meetings with Kislyak \u2014 first at the Republican National Convention in July, then in his Capitol Hill office in September \u2014 were part of his job as a member of the Senate Armed Services Committee and that \"so many\" other ambassadors also wanted a meeting.\nSessions said he and Kislyak talked about terrorism and Ukraine, describing the meeting as \"testy\" at one point when the matter of Russian involvement in Ukraine came up.\nReasoning behind recusal \nSessions said Thursday that he decided to recuse himself in any investigation into alleged Russian interference in the election upon the recommendation of his staff at the Justice Department. He said no one should see his decision as confirmation that any probe is currently under way. The attorney general is the top law enforcement officer in the United States.\nThe White House and Republicans accused Democrats of playing politics with the issue.\nWATCH: Sessions Discusses his Decision\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nSessions Recused Himself After 'Evaluating the Rules'\nShare this video\n0:01:33\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:33\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 4.3MB\n360p | 5.5MB\n480p | 30.2MB\nTrump's son-in-law also met Russian Ambassador \nMeanwhile, the White House confirmed to The New York Times on Thursday that Trump's son-in-law, Jared Kushner, had met with Kislyak and incoming (now former) national security adviser Michael Flynn at Trump Tower in New York in December.\nWhite House spokeswoman Hope Hicks said the purpose of the meeting was to \"establish a line of communication.\" She said Kushner had also met with representatives of as many as two dozen other countries, which is common with an incoming administration.\nWhite House senior advisor Jared Kushner enters the East Room with his wife Ivanka Trump, prior to a joint news conference between President Donald Trump and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, at the White House in Washington, Feb. 15, 2017.\nThe USA Today newspaper also reported Thursday that two Trump campaign national security experts met with Kislyak at the Republican convention in Cleveland.\nThere is nothing untoward about foreign governments meeting with members of an incoming U.S. administration.\nRepeated denials about Russian contacts \nBut for months, the Trump administration denied that there had been any contacts between anyone in the campaign and Russian officials \u2014 and of all the countries whose representatives met with Trump officials, only Russia is accused of hacking into Democratic Party emails in an effort to help Trump beat Hillary Clinton in the November election.\nTrump fired Flynn after just 24 days on the job after information emerged that Flynn had lied to top officials about the nature of his own conversations with the Russian ambassador.\nInteractive Timeline: Trump & Russia (click to see)\nFILE - FBI Director James Comey testifies before a House Homeland Security Committee hearing on Capitol Hill in Washington, US, July 14, 2016.\nFBI, Senate Intelligence investigations \nThe Federal Bureau of Investigation, which is part of the Justice Department that Sessions heads, is probing alleged Russian activities aimed at disrupting the U.S. election and any possible links between the Trump campaign and the government of Russian President Vladimir Putin.\nThe Senate Intelligence Committee is carrying out its own probe, and the House Intelligence Committee announced guidelines for its investigation on Wednesday.\n",
        "caption": "White House senior advisor Jared Kushner enters the East Room with his wife Ivanka Trump, prior to a joint news conference between President Donald Trump and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, at the White House in Washington, Feb. 15, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/57544D21-F27B-4A31-843A-E6832D7C447A.jpg",
        "id": "26781_1",
        "answer": [
            "met with Kislyak"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Jared Kushner"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_02_3746852",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_02_3746852_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person from the image with the tie being tried for?",
        "context": "Brazil's Ex-leader Silva Faces Corruption Judge for First Time\nRIO DE JANEIRO \u2014\u00a0\nFormer Brazilian President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva on Wednesday testified in a corruption case against him, coming face-to-face for the first time with the federal judge overseeing a mammoth probe that has upended Latin America's largest nation. \nSilva's hearing was closed to the press and not broadcast live, two of the many measures taken by Judge Sergio Moro and authorities in the southeastern city of Curitiba amid concerns of sparking violence. Authorities planned to release a recording of the hearing a few hours after it ended.\nGlobo News captured images of Silva arriving to the court in a black sedan with a police escort.\nThousands of supporters \u2014 both of Silva and Moro \u2014 were separated by a few miles (kilometers) and hundreds of police in riot gear controlled several square blocks around the federal courthouse.\n\"Brazil's most popular politician in the last 30 years is going before a judge like any regular citizen,\" said Mauricio Santoro, a political scientist at the State University of Rio de Janeiro. \"That is very rare in Brazilian politics.\"\nPolice officers stand in front of the Federal Justice during a testimony of former Brazilian President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva in Curitiba, Brazil, May 10, 2017.\nSilva, president between 2003 and 2010, was testifying about allegations that he received a beachfront apartment as a kickback from construction company OAS. Prosecutors also allege that OAS did repairs to the apartment and paid to store Silva's belongings. The former president denies the charges, along with those related to several other cases of corruption against him. \nHis testimony came after several attempts by his defense team to postpone the hearing. The last appeal, to the Supreme Federal Tribunal, Brazil's highest court, was denied about an hour before his testimony began.\nSilva's defense team argued it needed more time to analyze the case. Silva opponents counter that it was an excuse to prolong the case. The defense has also said it wants to call more than 80 witnesses.\nSilva has reason to drag out the process. He has signaled his interest in running for president in 2018, and leads in preference polls. He would be ineligible, however, if he is convicted and that conviction is upheld on appeal.\nMoro, who has become a national hero to many Brazilians while overseeing the so-called \"Car Wash\" investigation, is known for reaching judgments relatively quickly and then denying the release of convicts while they appeal.\nSince it launched in March 2014, the investigation centered at state oil company Petrobras has led to the convictions of dozens of top politicians and businessmen. Many more are being investigated in the kickback scheme, which prosecutors say involved more than $3 billion in bribes over more than a decade. The probe has also spread beyond Brazil to several Latin American countries.\nIn a sign of the pressure surrounding Silva's case, last week Moro posted a video in which he asked supporters of the investigation not to come out. During a public appearance this week, he also downplayed the hearing, saying it was procedural and that no decision would be reached Wednesday.\nFor his part, Silva has started hinting at getting revenge for what he insists is a witch hunt aimed at keeping him from returning to the presidency.\n\"If they don't arrest me soon, maybe one day I'll arrest them for lying,\" Silva told members of his Workers' Party during a gathering last week, according to daily Folha de S. Paulo.\n",
        "caption": "Former Brazilian President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, center left, is greeted by supporters as he arrives to the Federal Justice building in Curitiba, Brazil, May 10 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/2B43E66F-4EBE-4D0F-BD69-DA0DAAABD7E2.jpg",
        "id": "5649_1",
        "answer": [
            "corruption",
            "Corruption "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_10_3846444",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_10_3846444_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Whose actions resulted in the man in the image being arrested?",
        "context": "How One Zambian Traffic Incident Led to a Treason Charge\nOne traffic spat in western Zambia has grown into an international incident with life-or-death implications \u2014 one that could taint Zambia's history of peaceful and democratic rule.\nFor more than six weeks now, opposition leader Hakainde Hichilema has been in jail, awaiting trial on treason charges, which carry a possible death penalty. He was arrested in April, after his convoy crossed paths with the motorcade of President Edgar Lungu on a country road, and Hichilema's drivers refused to yield to the president.\nDays later, police stormed into his upscale Lusaka home, sprayed tear gas and hauled Hichilema away.\nHis case has proceeded in fits and starts, says Hichilema's spokesman, Charles Kakoma, who spoke to VOA on Friday outside the court, after yet another delay.\nKakoma says authorities have grossly exaggerated the charges against Hichilema.\nFILE - Zambia's President Edgar Lungu speaks at U.N. headquarters, September 2015.\n\"In fact, it was considered to be a traffic offense, and the best that could have happened was just to give him a fine for a traffic offense,\" Kakoma said. \"But a traffic offense has been conflated into a treason case, a non-bailable offense.\"\nLungu and Hichilema have a bitter history \u2014 Hichilema has run unsuccessfully for president five times, and challenged the legitimacy of his latest loss, in 2016.\nOn Friday, magistrate Greenwell Malumani appeared in court more than five hours later than scheduled, and said his court did not have power to dismiss the charges and the case would go to the High Court.\nKaajal Ramjathan-Keogh, executive director of the Southern Africa Litigation Center, said the ruling follows basic legal procedures. \n\"It is completely appropriate for them to refer the matter to a High Court, looking at the seriousness of the charge of treason,\" she said. \"However, it is unfair that Mr. Hichilema continues to remain in detention and that bail was not considered as part of this appearance in the magistrates' court.\"\nHichilema's next appearance in the lower court is set for June 12. From there, the matter is expected to proceed to the high court.\nSouth African opposition leader deported\nOn the eve of Hichilema's Friday court appearance, the plot spilled over Zambia's borders. On Thursday, Zambian authorities deported Mmusi Maimane, the head of South Africa's top opposition party, the Democratic Alliance. Maimane was planning to attend Hichilema's trial.\nSouth Africa's opposition Democratic Alliance party leader, Mmusi Maimane, center, protests with fellow supporters of Zambia's jailed opposition leader Hakainde Hichilema outside the High Commission of Zambia in Pretoria, South Africa, May 26, 2017.\nSouth African nationals do not need visas to enter Zambia, but Maimane's staff had informed Zambian authorities of his planned visit as a courtesy.\nOn Friday, protesters crowded around the Zambian High Commission in Pretoria.\nGovernment spokesman Amos Chanda told VOA that Maimane's deportation was legitimate because the politician had said he was trying to influence the court to release Hichilema, which he says is contempt of court.\nDA spokesman Graham Charters says Hichilema's United Party for National Development is a sister party of theirs, and they oppose the treason charges.\n\"This, in our view, is absolutely, will not hold up in any court of law anywhere in the world and this is the abuse of state resources, the abuse of state institutions in order to stifle political dissent and to intimidate opposition,\" Charters said.\nRights groups also have sounded the alarm about the situation and say they, too, are watching keenly. \n",
        "caption": "FILE - Then-Presidential candidate Hakainde Hichilema addresses supporters in Lusaka, Zambia, Jan, 21, 2015.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/CEB95281-7F98-44A3-BFE6-343A49B92074.jpg",
        "id": "28119_1",
        "answer": [
            "Hichilema's drivers "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Hichilema"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_26_3872802",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_26_3872802_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the opinion of the woman in the blue shirt on the Republican healthcare plan",
        "context": "US Health Care Overhaul Remains in Doubt, with Key Vote Delayed\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nThe fate of Republican efforts to overhaul the U.S. health care policies championed by former President Barack Obama remained in doubt Sunday, with one key vote delayed that had been set for this week.\nSenate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell postponed a procedural vote after Republican Senator John McCain had an operation Saturday to remove a blood clot above his left eye and announced he would remain in his home state of Arizona for a week to recover.\nFILE - Senate Armed Services Committee Chairman Sen. John McCain speaks on Capitol Hill in Washington, May 23, 2017.\nHis absence could have deprived Republicans with enough votes to even open debate on their plan to repeal and replace the Obama law, commonly known as Obamacare.\nRepublicans have campaigned for seven years to try to upend the Obama law, but face growing opposition. Some conservative lawmakers say the repeal effort does not go far enough to change U.S. health policies, while others say that the proposed changes would leave millions of people, many of them poorer Americans, without health insurance.\nOne Republican opponent of her party's plan, Senator Susan Collins of Maine, told CNN on Sunday, \"There are about eight to 10 Republican senators who have serious concern\" about the Republican replacement proposal.\n\"I don't know whether it will pass,\" Collins said, \"but I do know this, we should not be making fundamental changes in a vital safety net program that's been on the books for 50 years \u2014\nthe Medicaid program [with health insurance for the poor] \u2014 without having a single hearing to evaluate what the consequences are going to be.\"\nWidespread opposition\nA new Washington Post poll showed widespread opposition to the Republican plan, with Americans preferring Obamacare by a 50-to-24 percent margin.\nUntil McCain's surgery, McConnell had hoped to vote on the Republican plan in the coming days. But with unified Democratic opposition to repealing Obamacare, it was questionable whether McConnell even had enough Republican votes to formally start debate on the measure, let alone pass it.\nSenate Republicans need 50 votes to clear the procedural hurdle, with Vice President Mike Pence casting a tie-breaking vote if needed. Republicans hold a 52-48 majority in the Senate, but two senators \u2014 Rand Paul of Kentucky and Collins \u2014 have already said they will oppose starting debate on the proposal.\nFILE - Sen. Rand Paul, R-Ky., is pursued by reporters on Capitol Hill in Washington, April 7, 2017.\nMcCain's absence would have left Republicans short of enough votes to advance the debate, even without other Republicans withholding their support.\nIn a statement on McCain, McConnell said he and his wife, Elaine Chao, the country's transportation secretary, and the Senate \"wish John the very best and wish him a speedy recovery.\"\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;My statement on \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/SenJohnMcCain\\\"\\u0026gt;@SenJohnMcCain\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt; \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://t.co/WSqc9axgzm\\\"\\u0026gt;pic.twitter.com/WSqc9axgzm\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Leader McConnell (@SenateMajLdr) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/SenateMajLdr/status/886412746308411393\\\"\\u0026gt;July 16, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nMcConnell said that in McCain's absence the Senate would continue its work on other legislative matters and nominations by President Donald Trump to fill various positions throughout federal agencies.\nFILE - Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell of Ky., joined by, from left, Sen. John Barrasso, R-Wyo., and Sen. John Thune, R-S.D., meets with reporters July 11, 2017, on Capitol Hill in Washington.\nA week ago, McConnell decided to cancel the first two weeks of the Senate's traditional August recess to allow more time for deliberations on the health bill and other issues.\nMcCain, who is 80, is \"resting comfortably,\" according to a statement by an Arizona hospital.\nThe Mayo Clinic in Phoenix said in a statement that, following a routine physical, McCain had a procedure to remove a five-centimeter blood clot located above his left eye.\n\u201cThe senator is resting comfortably at home and is in good condition,\" the statement read. \"Mayo Clinic doctors report that the surgery went \u2018very well\u2019 and he is in good spirits.\"\nMcCain, a Vietnam veteran and former prisoner of war, was elected to the U.S. Senate in 1986. He was the Republican Party presidential nominee in 2008, losing the election to Obama.\n",
        "caption": "Sen. Susan Collins, R-Maine, is surrounded by reporters on Capitol Hill in Washington, July 13, 2017, after a revised version of the Republican health care bill was announced by Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell of Kentucky.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/EEC6CFD2-B3C1-458A-9A34-737FFE2946ED.jpg",
        "id": "20378_1",
        "answer": [
            "we should not be making fundamental changes in a vital safety net program that's been on the books for 50 years \u2014\n\nthe Medicaid program [with health insurance for the poor] \u2014 without having a single hearing to evaluate what the consequences are going to be"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Collins "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_16_3946375",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_16_3946375_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person with glasses from the image slam?",
        "context": "Rwanda's Kagame Rebukes Western Diplomats Over Elections\nKIGALI, RWANDA \u2014\u00a0\nPresident Paul Kagame of Rwanda is accusing diplomats of meddling in the country's internal affairs. \nKagame, who is seeking another term in August elections, said on Rwanda Television Tuesday that it's \"unacceptable\" for Western diplomats to summon presidential candidates.\nAccording to a list approved by the electoral commission, Kagame is up against Frank Habineza of the Democratic Green Party of Rwanda. Three others still await approval. \nOne of the aspirants, Diane Rwigara, on Tuesday met the head of the European Union delegation, Michael Ryan, who in a Twitter post asked electoral officials to clarify Rwigara's situation.\nKagame said that \"diplomatic missions should not replace the electoral commission.\"\nKagame, who has been Rwanda's de facto leader or president since the end of the 1994 genocide, is widely expected to win comfortably. \n",
        "caption": "FILE - German Chancellor Angela Merkel, right, welcomes the President of Rwanda, Paul Kagame left, for a meeting at the chancellery as part of the 'G20 Africa Partnership \u2013 Investing in a Common Future' conference in Berlin, Germany, Monday, June 12, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/7608DB89-62EC-4769-8651-544B9E7C0B9F.jpg",
        "id": "32473_1",
        "answer": [
            "diplomats"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Paul Kagame"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_05_3929122",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_05_3929122_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person dressing up in the image do?",
        "context": "Abu Sayyaf Suspected in Philippines Abductions, Jailbreak\nJOLO, PHILIPPINES \u2014\u00a0\nSuspected Abu Sayyaf gunmen abducted four workers in a school in a southern Philippine province where President Rodrigo Duterte recently visited troops waging an offensive against the militants, officials said Sunday.\nAbout 20 militants barged into a grade school compound in Sulu province\u2019s Patikul town shortly after midnight Saturday and seized six painters and carpenters, one of whom managed to escape and alerted the police. Army troops later rescued another worker. \nDuterte pinned medals on wounded troops during brief visit Saturday to Sulu, a predominantly Muslim province about 590 miles (950 kilometers) south of Manila. The tough-talking president has ordered government forces to destroy the ransom-seeking militants who still hold several foreign and Filipino hostages in Sulu\u2019s jungles.\nPrisoner escape\nAlso early Sunday, 14 inmates, including suspected Abu Sayyaf fighters and drug dealers, escaped from a jail in a new building that also houses the police headquarters in a government compound in Sulu\u2019s main town of Jolo, officials said.\nThree of those who escaped were gunned down by police and another was shot and captured. Army troops were helping police track down the rest with the use of military drones and sniffer dogs, a police statement said.\nThe new kidnappings and jailbreak reflect the diverse security challenges confronting Duterte\u2019s administration in the south, where thousands of troops have been separately battling militants aligned with the Islamic State group who laid siege to Marawi city May 23.\nMarawi fight continues\nAfter 55 days of fighting, more than 530 people, including 399 militants and 93 soldiers and police, have died in the violence in the lakeside city, a center of Islamic faith in the southern third of the largely Roman Catholic country. \nTroops, backed by airstrikes, are fighting less than 100 remaining militants, who are holding an unspecified number of civilian hostages in four Marawi neighborhoods in an offensive that Duterte said last week was winding down and may end in about 10 to 15 days. He said that the offensive won\u2019t stop until the last militant is killed.\n",
        "caption": "President Rodrigo Duterte, center left, wearing a cap and an assault rifle slung on his shoulder, walks with other military officers and security men inside the camp of the 2nd Mechanized Infantry Brigade, Light Armored Division, July 7, 2017, in the outskirts of Iligan city in southern Philippines. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/E4FE9BB9-616E-4334-9975-E875AA1FE9DB.jpg",
        "id": "14403_1",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "pinned medals on wounded troops"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Duterte",
            "Rodrigo Duterte"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_16_3946155",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_16_3946155_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does business of the blonde person in the image do?",
        "context": "Ivanka Trump's Brand Prospers as Politics Mixes With Business\nSHANGHAI \u2014\u00a0\nOn April 6, Ivanka Trump's company won provisional approval from the Chinese government for three new trademarks, giving it monopoly rights to sell Ivanka brand jewelry, bags and spa services in the world's second-largest economy. That night, the first daughter and her husband, Jared Kushner, sat next to the president of China and his wife for a steak and Dover sole dinner at Mar-a-Lago.\nThe scenario underscores how difficult it is for Trump, who has tried to distance herself from the brand that bears her name, to separate business from politics in her new position at the White House.\nAs the first daughter crafts a political career from her West Wing office, her brand is flourishing, despite boycotts and several stores limiting her merchandise. U.S. imports, almost all of them from China, shot up an estimated 166 percent last year, while sales hit record levels in 2017. The brand, which Trump still owns, says distribution is growing. It has launched new activewear and affordable jewelry lines and is working to expand its global intellectual property footprint. In addition to winning the approvals from China, Ivanka Trump Marks LLC applied for at least nine new trademarks in the Philippines, Puerto Rico, Canada and the U.S. after the election.\n'Put business on hold,' some say\nThe commercial currents of the Trump White House are unprecedented in modern American politics, ethics lawyers say. They have created an unfamiliar landscape riven with ethical pitfalls, and forced consumers and retailers to wrestle with the unlikely passions now inspired by Ivanka Trump's mid-market collection of ruffled blouses, shifts and wedges.\nFILE - Ivanka Trump, second from right, the daughter and assistant to President Donald Trump, is seated with her husband, White House senior adviser Jared Kushner, right, during a dinner with President Donald Trump and Chinese President Xi Jinping at Mar-a-Lago in Palm Beach, Florida, April 6, 2017. Earlier in the day, Ivanka Trump's company received provisional approval from the Chinese government for three new trademarks, winning monopoly rights to sell Ivanka brand jewelry, bags and spa services in the world's second-largest economy.\nUsing the prestige of government service to build a brand is not illegal. But criminal conflict of interest law prohibits federal officials, like Trump and her husband, from participating in government matters that could impact their own financial interest or that of their spouse. Some argue that the more her business broadens its scope, the more it threatens to encroach on the ability of two trusted advisers to deliver credible counsel to the president on core issues like trade, intellectual property, and the value of the Chinese currency.\n\"Put the business on hold and stop trying to get trademarks while you're in government,\" advised Richard Painter, who served as chief White House ethics lawyer under George W. Bush.\nTo address ethical concerns, Trump has shifted the brand's assets to a family-run trust valued at more than $50 million and pledged to recuse herself from issues that present conflicts.\n\"Ivanka will not weigh in on business strategy, marketing issues, or the commercial terms of agreements,\" her attorney, Jamie Gorelick, said in a statement. \"She has retained authority to direct the trustees to terminate agreements that she determines create a conflict of interest or the appearance of one.\"\nIn a recent interview with CBS News, Trump argued that her business would be doing even better if she hadn't moved to Washington and placed restrictions on her team to ensure that \"any growth is done with extreme caution.\"\nChina ties\nChina, however, remains a nagging concern. \"Ivanka has so many China ties and conflicts, yet she and Jared appear deeply involved in China contacts and policy. I would never have allowed it,\" said Norman Eisen, who served as chief White House ethics lawyer under Barack Obama. \"For their own sake, and the country's, Ivanka and Jared should consider stepping away from China matters.\"\nFILE - Ivanka Trump wears an outfit she designed as she speaks to the audience prior to the presentation of her Ready-To-Wear Collection at the Lord & Taylor flagship store in New York, March 28, 2012.\nInstead, the first daughter and her husband have emerged as prominent interlocutors with China, where they have both had significant business ties. Last year, Kushner pursued hundreds of millions of dollars in real estate investments from Anbang Insurance Group, a financial conglomerate with close ties to the Chinese state. After media reports about the deal, talks were called off.\nPublicly, Ivanka Trump has taken a gracious, charming approach toward Beijing. During the Mar-a-Lago meetings, her daughter, 5-year-old Arabella, stood in a gilded room and sang a traditional Chinese song, in Mandarin, for China's president, Xi Jinping. The video, which was lavishly praised by Chinese state media, played over 2.2 million times on China's popular news portal qq.com.\nThe week of the summit, 3.4 tons of Ivanka Trump handbags, wallets and blouses arrived in the U.S. from Hong Kong and Shanghai. U.S. imports of her merchandise grew an estimated 40 percent in the first quarter of this year, according to Panjiva Inc., which maintains and analyzes global shipping records.\nPainter, the former Bush administration lawyer, recommended full recusal from issues related to trade with China. That is likely to be difficult because trade is so deeply embedded in the U.S.-China relationship and has been linked with other matters, like North Korea.\n\"The danger is that with any discussion with the Chinese, one party or the other may try to bring up trade,\" he said. \"That's a slippery slope that may require her or Jared to step out of the room.\"\nGorelick, Ivanka Trump's attorney, said that Trump and her husband would steer clear of specific areas that could impact her business, or be seen as conflicts of interest, but are under no legal obligation to step back from huge swaths of policy, like trade with China.\nFILE - Arabella Kushner, her father, White House senior adviser Jared Kushner, carrying Joseph Kushner, and Ivanka Trump, carrying Theodore Kushner, step off Air Force One at the Palm Beach International Airport, in West Palm Beach, Florida, March 3, 2017. Ivanka Trump is wearing a skirt from her own collection. Despite efforts to address ethical concerns, Trump remains, for many, the living embodiment of the brand that bears her name.\nUnder the rules, Trump would recuse herself from conversations about duties on clothing imported from China, Gorelick said, but not broad foreign policy.\n\"In between, you have to assess it case-by-case,\" she said.\nTrademark questions\nTrademarks can be signs of corporate ambition, though many countries \u2014 such as China, where trademark squatting is rampant \u2014 also allow for defensive filings to prevent copycats from using a brand.\nTrademarks pose ethical, and possibly legal, implications for government employees because they are granted by foreign states and confer the monopoly right to sell branded product in a particular country \u2014 an entitlement that can be enormously valuable. Intellectual property lawyers say trademarks are also a crucial prerequisite for cutting licensing deals, which form the basis of both Ivanka Trump's and Donald Trump's global business strategy.\nToday, Ivanka Trump Marks LLC has 16 registered trademarks in China and 32 pending applications, along with a total of four marks granted preliminary approval since the inauguration, according to China's Trademark Office. Altogether, they cover a wide range of goods and services, including cosmetics, jewelry, leather handbags, luggage, clothes, shoes, retail, spa and beauty services. There is no sign the recent approvals were particularly swift. China's Trademark Office did not respond to a request for comment.\nGlobally, the company has more than 180 pending and registered trademarks in countries including Canada, India, Japan, Israel, Mexico, Turkey and Saudi Arabia, as well as the U.S. and Europe, public records show. In December, the company applied for five trademarks, covering handbags and wallets in Puerto Rico, and lingerie and other clothes in the U.S. After the inauguration, the company filed four more applications, for branded clothing and shoes in the Philippines, and perfume and other items in Canada.\nFILE - Shoes from the Ivanka Trump collection are displayed at a Lord & Taylor department store in New York, Aug. 23, 2012.\nTrump did not sign off on the new trademark applications, her brand said in a statement, adding that they are \"not necessarily an indication that the brand is planning to launch a category or a store in a specific territory.\"\nGrowing sales\nWhatever the future plans, right now sales are growing \u2014 helped, some argue, by the glow of Ivanka Trump's political rise.\nThe G-III Apparel Group Ltd., which makes Ivanka Trump clothes, said net sales for the collection increased by $17.9 million during the year that ended Jan. 31.\nThe brand itself claims revenues rose 21 percent last year, with early February seeing some of the \"best performance ever,\" according to a statement by Abigail Klem, president of the Ivanka Trump brand. Because it is privately held, the brand does not have to declare its earnings or where revenues come from. The actual corporate structure of Trump's retail business remains opaque. Kushner's financial disclosure form lists two dozen corporate entities that appear directly related to his wife's brand. Trump herself has yet to file a disclosure.\nData from Lyst, a massive fashion e-commerce platform, indicates some of this growth coincided with specific political events.\nThe number of Ivanka Trump items sold through Lyst was 46 percent higher the month her father was elected president than in November 2015. Sales spiked 771 percent in February over the same month last year, after White House counselor Kellyanne Conway exhorted Fox viewers to \"Go buy Ivanka's stuff.\" Conway was later reprimanded. The bounce appears somewhat sustained. March sales on Lyst were up 262 percent over the same period last year.\n\"You can't separate Ivanka from her role in life and from her business,\" said Allen Adamson, founder of Brand Simple Consulting. \"Her celebrity status is now not only being fueled by her wealth and her family connection, but by her huge role in the White House. All that buzz is hardwired to her products.\" That, he added, is a competitive advantage other brands just can't match \u2014 though it does come with risk.\nThings could easily cut the other way for the first daughter. Ashley King, 28 of Calabasas, California, bought Ivanka Trump black flats and a cardigan several years ago. But King, who voted for Hillary Clinton, said she believes Trump's role in the White House represents a conflict of interest.\n\"This is bothering me more and more,\" she said. As for the Ivanka Trump items in her closet, she said, \"I will be donating them.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Ivanka Trump, second from right, the daughter and assistant to President Donald Trump, is seated with her husband, White House senior adviser Jared Kushner, right, during a dinner with President Donald Trump and Chinese President Xi Jinping at Mar-a-Lago in Palm Beach, Florida, April 6, 2017. Earlier in the day, Ivanka Trump's company received provisional approval from the Chinese government for three new trademarks, winning monopoly rights to sell Ivanka brand jewelry, bags and spa services in the world's second-largest economy.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/0B57D4BA-DF01-4FE9-A82D-BF754914FBDD.jpg",
        "id": "11657_2",
        "answer": [
            "none",
            "Sell Ivanka brand jewelry, bags and spa services in the world's second-largest economy.\n",
            "sell Ivanka brand jewelry, bags and spa services"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Ivanka Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_18_3815333",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_18_3815333_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Why are people annoyed about the person with the blonde hair in the image?",
        "context": "Rattled Europe Debates How Best to Approach Trump\nLONDON \u2014\u00a0\nEuropean governments struggled Tuesday to assess whether outspoken remarks by U.S. President-elect Donald Trump, made in a weekend interview with two European newspapers, will be translated into new policies.\nEuropean leaders had hoped that as Trump\u2019s inauguration approached, the president-elect would tone down his campaign-trail criticism of the European Union and NATO, which he has dubbed \u201cobsolete.\u201d\nThey had thought his views would come to align more closely with those of some of his top national security nominees, such as likely defense secretary retired Gen. James Mattis, who at his Senate confirmation last week accused Russian President Vladimir Putin of trying to foment a break-up of the Western alliance.\n\u201cIf we did not have NATO today, we would have to create it,\u201d Mattis said at the hearing.\nRetired Marine Corps Gen. James Mattis appears before a Senate Armed Services Committee hearing on his nomination to serve as U.S. defense secretary., on Capitol Hill in Washington, Jan. 12, 2017.\nBut Trump renewed his criticism of NATO and the European Union in his interview with London\u2019s Sunday Times and Germany\u2019s Bild newspaper, prompting frustrated remarks from the likes of German Foreign Minister Frank-Walter Steinmeier.\nTrump\u2019s NATO stance \u201ccontradicts what the American defense secretary said in his hearing in Washington only a few days ago,\u201d Steinmeier complained.\nEuropean leaders and officials differ on how to approach Trump and they disagree about what might unfold as the real-estate tycoon\u2019s administration begins. Will his Tweets and off-the-cuff remarks be translated into policy?\nWait-and-see strategy \nSome Europeans favor a wait-and-see strategy. The characteristically guarded German Chancellor Angela Merkel, for example, limited herself to a few terse comments about the interview, and did not respond directly to Trump's assertion that her refugee policy has been a disaster.\nThe German leader has also ignored Trump\u2019s endorsement of Brexit and his dismissal of the EU as just a \u201cvehicle for Germany.\u201d\n\"When he is in office, and at the moment that's not the case, we will work with the new American government and see what kind of agreements we can reach,\u201d she said.\nGerman Chancellor Angela Merkel attends a joint news conference as part of a meeting with the Prime Minister of New Zealand Bill English, at the chancellery in Berlin, Germany, Jan. 16, 2017.\nBut other European politicians are arguing Europe needs to push back hard on the American president-elect.\nAs she entered a meeting of EU foreign ministers Monday, the bloc\u2019s foreign affairs head Federica Mogherini stressed that European governments intend to stand by the Iran nuclear accord, which Trump has threatened to rip up. \"It is proof that diplomacy works and delivers,\" Mogherini said.\nThe wait-and-see camp of Europeans argue that governing will change Trump. But members of the push-back camp doubt that Trump will change or moderate.\n\"I hope that the Congress, even with a Republican majority, will impose some limits in the long term,\" said Bundestag deputy speaker Ulla Schmidt. Thev Social Democratic Party legislator told Deutsche Welle: \"I hope that not the man changes the office, but the office changes the man.\u201d\nFILE - NATO defense ministers are seated during a meeting of the North Atlantic Council Defense Ministers session at NATO headquarters in Brussels, Oct. 27, 2016.\nNATO \nDuring the presidential campaign, Trump warned the U.S. might not support NATO members in a crisis unless it was \u201creasonably reimbursed.\u201d In his weekend interview he reiterated his frustration over the failure of many alliance members to meet their defense spending obligations, suggesting to many that his views are unlikely to change.\n\u201cAnyone who thought Trump would be more moderate after he was elected will find himself disappointed,\" said Schmidt\u2019s SPD colleague, Rainer Arnold.\nAnd Norbert R\u00f6ttgen, chairman of the German parliament\u2019s foreign affairs committee, wonders whether Trump even believes in the idea of the West.\n\u201cPerhaps one could say that in reality in his thinking the West does not exist,\u201d R\u00f6ttgen told German public radio. \u201cWhether the EU is divided or contested doesn't matter to him, whether NATO is there or not, doesn't matter to him. It's obsolete to him anyway.\u201d\nFurther east, in states even closer to Russia, the fear is that a newly assertive Kremlin may feel free to challenge NATO more vigorously that in the past. \"If Trump steps back then that will be an invitation for Putin to step forward,\u201d worried Igor Sutyagin, a Russian arms control expert now at the Royal United Services Institute, a London-based think tank.\nFILE - Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko talks to reporters.\nUkraine \nUkrainian leaders having become increasingly alarmed at Trump\u2019s talk of being able to make a deal with Moscow. In the weekend interview, the incoming president suggested that Ukraine-related sanctions on Russia might be lifted in exchange for a reduction in nuclear weapons.\nUkrainian President Petro Poroshenko has urged that the sanctions remain in place as long as Russia continues to hold Crimea, seized in 2014, and provides support for pro-Russian rebels in eastern Ukraine. \u201cUkraine realizes that it is not Moscow\u2019s only enemy \u2013 all those who propound democratic values are Moscow\u2019s enemies. That is why today the defense of Ukraine is the defense of the values of the free world,\u201d he said.\nFILE- Russian President Vladimir Putin attends a meeting with Russian prosecutors in Moscow, Russia.\nPutin \nTalk of an early summit between Trump and Russian President Vladimir Putin is further alarming the continent. According to the London Sunday Times, Trump\u2019s first foreign trip as president could be to Iceland for a summit with the Russian leader \u2014 a summit that could happen before the new U.S. leader has met with most NATO leaders.\nTrump aides are denying any such plans, but British officials have told VOA they understand consideration is being given to a Trump-Putin summit within a matter of weeks.\n",
        "caption": "President-elect Donald Trump gives a thumbs up to members of the media after meeting with Martin Luther King III, son of Martin Luther King Jr., at Trump Tower in New York, Jan. 16, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/0C45235A-D8C5-4C90-BF14-28AEE3075D80.jpg",
        "id": "6301_1",
        "answer": [
            "They thought his views would come to align more closely with those of some of his top national security nominees ",
            "his criticism of NATO and the European Union"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Donald Trump ",
            "Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_17_3679550",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_17_3679550_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who was responsible for the people in the image protesting?",
        "context": "EU Welcomes Romania's Repeal of Graft Decree, Offers Help for Jails\nBRUSSELS \u2014\u00a0\nThe European Commission welcomed on Thursday as a \u201cvery good step\u201d the decision of the Romanian government to repeal a decree that would have decriminalized graft, and offered Bucharest assistance and funds to improve the country's prisons.\nThe one-month-old cabinet of Prime Minister Sorin Grindeanu enraged voters when it quietly approved emergency decree two weeks ago that would have decriminalized several corruption offenses, prompting the largest display of popular anger since the fall of communism in 1989.\nRomania's Prime Minister Sorin Grindeanu leaves a meeting at the parliament in Bucharest, Feb. 6, 2017.\nWarning to Romania\nAfter the protests, the decree was repealed and its main architect, Justice Minister Florin Iordache, resigned.\n\u201cI really welcome the fact that the emergency order has been repealed. It is a very good step,\u201d the European Commission vice president Frans Timmermans told a news conference in Brussels after a meeting with Grindeanu.\nTimmermans, who had warned Romania not to backtrack in the fight against corruption after the graft decree was approved, urged the country to continue tackling graft and to involve the civil society in the reform of its corruption laws.\nHe also offered Romania EU assistance to improve the prison system, saying EU funds could be used for that purpose. The Social Democrat-led government had argued that the decriminalization of some graft offenses would have reduced overcrowding in the country's jails.\nNew minister could be outsider\nSpeaking at the same news conference, Grindeanu committed to new reforms and said he will work to make sure the EU's monitoring of Romania's judicial sector and anti-graft legislation would no longer be needed by 2019, when the country takes over the EU presidency for the first time since it joined the bloc in 2007.\nGrindeanu also said he will propose next week a new justice minister, who is likely to be picked from \u201coutside the political sphere,\u201d he told journalists.\n",
        "caption": "Protesters display the Romanian national flag colors during a demonstration in front of the government building in Bucharest, Romania, Feb. 12, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/6009D7BC-E015-4ADC-979A-A69972D9D644.jpg",
        "id": "1319_1",
        "answer": [
            "cabinet of Prime Minister Sorin Grindeanu",
            "Florin Iordache",
            "The one-month-old cabinet of Prime Minister Sorin Grindeanu"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "a demonstration in front of the government building in Bucharest",
            "Protesters",
            "demonstration",
            "display"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_16_3727866",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_16_3727866_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What happened near a working spot belonging to the organization of the people in the image?",
        "context": "Blasts Kill 6 As Troops Battle Militants in Bangladesh\nNEW DELHI, INDIA \u2014\u00a0\nAt least six people, including two policemen, have died in explosions in eastern Bangladesh as troops battle suspected militants holed up with an ammunitions cache, police said Sunday.\nThe explosions Saturday on a road near an Islamic religious school in the city of Sylhet also wounded at least 25 people, police officer Bashudev Bonik said.\nParamilitary troops have been trying since Friday to flush out Islamist radicals who have holed up in a building with a large cache of ammunition.\nSeveral explosions have occurred, including a large blast Sunday afternoon. Police have barred civilians, including journalists, from the area.\nThe gunbattle with suspected militants comes after a man killed himself on Friday by detonating explosives near a police post on a busy road near the airport in Dhaka, Bangladesh's capital. No one else was hurt.\nThe Islamic State group has claimed responsibility for the attacks in Sylhet and Dhaka, according to the SITE Intelligence group, citing the Islamic State news agency Amaq. SITE monitors terror group activity online.\nThe blast near the airport was the second suicide attack in a week in the Dhaka area. On March 17, a suspected bomber died in a blast near barracks of the elite Rapid Action Battalion anti-terror police force.\nBangladesh has experienced a renewed level of Islamic militancy in recent years. Dozens of atheists, liberal writers, bloggers and publishers, as well as members of minority communities and foreigners, have been targeted and killed.\nLast July, 17 foreigners were killed when five militants stormed a restaurant in Dhaka's upscale diplomatic zone.\nThe Islamic State group has claimed responsibility for most of the attacks, but Bangladesh's government has consistently denied the presence of the militant group in the impoverished South Asian nation, and says the attacks are the work of local radical groups.\n",
        "caption": "Bangladeshi policemen watch as paramilitary soldiers try to flush out Islamist radicals in the city of Sylhet, March 26, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/054A94AE-D985-4EEA-9E15-81D3DBAAF423.jpg",
        "id": "26035_1",
        "answer": [
            "a man killed himself on Friday by detonating explosives "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "police"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_26_3782352",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_26_3782352_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What shadowed the meeting of the person in the middle of the image?",
        "context": "US, China Agree to Work Together on North Korea\nBEIJING \u2014\u00a0\nWith warm words from Chinese President Xi Jinping Sunday, U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson ended his first trip to Asia since taking office with an agreement to work with China on North Korea. They put aside trickier issues.\nChina has been irritated at being repeatedly told by Washington to rein in North Korea\u2019s nuclear and missile programs and the U.S. decision to base an advanced missile defense system in South Korea.\nWATCH:  US Looks for New Way Forward on North Korea\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nUS Looks for New Way Forward on North Korea\nShare this video\n0:02:23\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:23\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 6.6MB\n360p | 10.3MB\n720p | 61.5MB\nBeijing is also deeply suspicious of U.S. intentions toward self-ruled Taiwan, which China claims as its own, with the Trump administration crafting a big new arms package for the island that is bound to anger China. \nWords of praise\nBut meeting in Beijing\u2019s Great Hall of the People, those issues were brushed aside by Xi and Tillerson, at least in front of reporters, with Xi saying Tillerson had made a lot of effort to achieve a smooth transition in a new era of relations.\n\u201cYou said that China-U.S. relations can only be friendly. I express my appreciation for this,\u201d Xi said.\nXi said he had communicated with President Donald Trump several times through telephone conversations and messages.\n\u201cWe both believe that China-U.S. cooperation henceforth is the direction we are both striving for. We are both expecting a new era for constructive development,\u201d Xi said.\n\u201cThe joint interests of China and the United States far outweigh the differences, and cooperation is the only correct choice for us both,\u201d Xi added, in comments carried by China\u2019s Foreign Ministry.\nChina and the United States must strengthen coordination of hot regional issues, respect each other\u2019s core interests and major concerns, and protect the broad stability of ties, Xi said.\nUnpredictable partner\nTillerson replied that Trump places a \u201cvery high value on the communications that have already occurred\u201d between Xi and Trump.\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTillerson: Trump Places High Value on Communication with China\nShare this video\n0:00:31\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:31\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 1.1MB\n360p | 1.4MB\n480p | 7.5MB\n\u201cAnd he looks forward to enhancing that understanding in the opportunity for a visit in the future,\u201d Tillerson said.\n\u201cWe know that through further dialogue we will achieve a greater understanding that will lead to a strengthened, strengthening of the ties between China and the United States and set the tone for our future relationship of cooperation.\u201d\nTrump has so far been an unpredictable partner for China, attacking Beijing on issues from trade to the South China Sea and in December by talking to Taiwan President Tsai Ing-wen.\nBefore Tillerson arrived in Beijing on Saturday, Trump said North Korea was \u201cbehaving very badly\u201d and accused China of doing little to resolve the crisis over the North\u2019s weapons programs.\nU.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson stands with U.S. Gen. Vincent K. Brooks (third right) and South Korean Deputy Commander of the Combined Force Command Gen. Leem Ho-young (third left) as North Korean soldiers look at the south side at the border village of Panmunjom, which has separated the two Koreas since the Korean War, March 17, 2017.\nOn North Korea\nBoth Tillerson and Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi struck a more conciliatory tone in their meeting, with Tillerson saying the United States and China would work together to get nuclear-armed North Korea take \u201ca different course.\u201d\nUnderscoring the tensions, North Korea conducted a test of a new high-thrust engine at its Tongchang-ri rocket launch station and leader Kim Jong Un said the successful test was \u201ca new birth\u201d of its rocket industry, Pyongyang\u2019s official media said on Sunday.\nWashington wants China, the North\u2019s neighbor and main trading partner, to use its influence to rein in the weapons programs.\nChina says it is committed to enforcing U.N. sanctions on North Korea, but all sides have a responsibility to lessen tensions and get back to the negotiating table.\nChinese official also repeatedly say they do not have the influence over North Korea that Washington and others believe, and express fears poverty-struck North Korea could collapse if it were cut off completely, pushing destabilizing waves of refugees into northeastern China. \n",
        "caption": "Chinese President Xi Jinping shakes hands with U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson before their meeting at at the Great Hall of the People, March 19, 2017, in Beijing, China.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/EA99AD09-ED11-4418-8B76-F5FBB45F1DBC.jpg",
        "id": "17810_1",
        "answer": [
            "North Korea",
            "repeatedly told by Washington to rein in North Korea\u2019s nuclear and missile programs and the U.S. decision to base an advanced missile defense system in South Korea",
            "U.S. intentions toward self-ruled Taiwan"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Xi Jinping",
            "U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_19_3772397",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_19_3772397_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the place the person in the image is do?",
        "context": "US-China Ties in Arts and Education Deepen\nLOS ANGELES \u2014\u00a0\nOn the political and military front, U.S.-China relations have been an often-tense dance between governments. However, in arts and education, many say the relationship is deepening. There is debate among Americans as to whether the ties are positive or negative.\nSome say this is progress that is reaping economic and cultural benefits for citizens in both countries.\n\"When people collaborate on making anything artistic, there's an emotional pull inside of that and if it works well, you not only have a great business, you also have a great diplomatic cohesion between the two countries,\" said Chris Fenton, U.S.-Asia Institute Trustee and the President of DMG Entertainment.\nIn August, Fenton will be taking a group of U.S. lawmakers to China to look at the country's growing entertainment and media industry, with the hope of even more Chinese investment in Hollywood.\nOn Jan. 21, 2011, then-Chinese President Hu Jintao visits the The Confucius Institute which is housed at Walter Payton College Preparatory High School in Chicago.\nChinese language and culture\nChina has also been investing in educating Americans in language and culture through its Confucius Institutes. Mandarin immersion kindergarten teacher Carol Chen says the University of California Los Angeles Confucius Institute has been a good resource for her and her students.\n\"For example, books and also resources of our Chinese cultures. One of the years, they actually brought Chinese folk culture tradition to the campus,\" said Chen, who teaches at Broadway Elementary, a dual language immersion school.\nFunded by the Chinese government, there are nearly 500 Confucius Institutes globally, most on university campuses. The UCLA Confucius Institute taps into the local Mandarin-speaking population to develop a pipeline of Mandarin teachers. It also provides cross-cultural programs in the arts.\n\"Bringing more artists together and exposing them to each other's culture and to shared cultural experience with China, you're sort of training, sort of a new generation of diplomats,\" said Susan Pertel Jain, UCLA Confucius Institute Executive Director.\nBut long-time critic and academic Perry Link says Confucius Institutes are an example of China's soft power.\n\"Soft power is cultural or educational things that cause people in other countries to view one's own country in a more friendly way. To reach out into the world with soft power is a new thing from the Chinese government's point of view, but an important thing because the rest of the successful world seems to be doing it,\" said Link, who is the University of California Riverside's Chancellorial Chair for Innovation in Teaching Across Disciplines.\nBut Link says the presence of the Confucius Institutes on university campuses is dangerous because it often limits academic freedom to discuss China's human rights issues.\n\"It's induced self-censorship. That is, \u2018We are going to give you these funds and you can invite speakers about China and the fund comes from Beijing and you know that and we know that.\u2019 Now, as the director of a Confucius Institute, do you think, \u2018Oh, I'll invite the Dalai Lama\u2019 to speak? No.Of course you don't do that,\" Link said.\nBut Jain said the UCLA Confucius Institute does not back away from touchy topics.\n\"Whether it's artists that we present there who were active in sort of [an] anti-government movement or whether it's the screening of films that are maybe not officially approved by the government, we don't shy away from that, but what we always tell our colleagues in China is that we promise to always present everything in a fair and balanced way,\" said Jain.\nThe Hollywood Sign is pictured Aug. 23, 2016, in Los Angeles.\nEntertainment industry\nIn the past, Hollywood movies have been America's example of soft power.\nLast fall, 16 members of Congress wrote a letter to the Government Accountability Office to express national security concerns about the growing number of Chinese investments in the United States, including in the media and entertainment industry.\n\"There is definitely a self-censorship. There is no doubt. I think the most obvious version of that was when self-censorship was not used and it really backfired,\" said Fenton.\nChina is close to becoming the top global market at the box office and one that is much desired by Hollywood executives. If China closes that door to certain production studios in Hollywood, it will hurt financially.\n\"It's a very large piece of the pie because it's roughly seven billion in dollars,\" Fenton said. \"If you're thinking like a business person, there is a certain creative vision you should have for the content you're making that if you want to call it self-censorship that's fine, or you call it just good business.\"\n",
        "caption": "On Jan. 21, 2011, then-Chinese President Hu Jintao visits the The Confucius Institute which is housed at Walter Payton College Preparatory High School in Chicago.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/13BD6A15-AAFB-4DB8-B8E0-69D6FFF307C5.jpg",
        "id": "4944_1",
        "answer": [
            "educating Americans in language and culture",
            "Educates Americans in Chinese language and culture through its Confucius Institutes. "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Confucius Institutes",
            "The Confucius Institute"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_25_3871307",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_25_3871307_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is not helping the person resting in the image?",
        "context": "Cambodia's Homeless Dance to a Different Tune\nPHNOM PENH \u2014\u00a0\nPoverty rates in Cambodia remain stubbornly high, despite the country's booming economy, and that is creating problems like homeless youth. However, young artists are hoping to change that through the spread of hip-hop music and a strict no-nonsense attitude.\nIt's a much broader approach to simply doling out dollars, said Vuthy Sokanha, communications officer at Friends International, who is also urging tourists, businesses and wealthy Khmers to think twice before giving money to child beggars.\n\u201cThe money itself, the parents won\u2019t use to send their kids to school, instead they use that money on drugs, alcohol and gambling,\u201d she said.\nThat's why education, music, a dance troupe and a school called Tiny Toones, establish in 2005 to engage very young people, have been deployed to deal with child exploitation, ranging from sexual abuse, drug addiction and bad parenting.\nGetting through is difficult\nAt school, Tiny Toones uses break-dancing and the culture of hip-hop to engage, inspire and educate young people, especially street kids, who follow their favorite artists online and with the aid of a smart phone, and prefer them to traditional Khmer artists.\nTraditional Khmer dance remains popular with older audiences and during festivals and weddings. But times are changing and the sound of hip hop music is being heard more widely in the lead-up to the approaching mid-April Khmer New Year, than the chime of brass bells.\nSarom \u201cJacky\u201d Sara, a dance instructor at Tiny Toones and a former street kid, said parents often used their children as a way of finding money to support their alcohol and gambling addictions.\n\u201cI went to see the parents of those kids. The mother is addicted to gambling and she's drunk, so they don't care about the kids, but they have set them limits \u2013 to bring at least 10,000 riels ($2.50), or 20,000 riels ($5.00) home, each time they go out. That is the true story. I have asked the children.\u201d\nHip hop classes were established here by Tuy \u201cKK\u201d Sobil, an American artist and native Cambodian who was deported from the U.S. after falling afoul of the law. He introduced break-dance lessons for street kids as a means of setting goals.\n\u201cWe listen to all types of world famous songs with good rhythms, mix the songs and create the style. We also mixed Khmer traditional songs with disco music to make it more creative.\u201d\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nCambodia's Homeless Dance to a Different Tune\nShare this video\n0:01:17\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:17\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 3.8MB\n360p | 6.2MB\n720p | 31.4MB\n1080p | 22.8MB\nAdditionally, school fees, transportation for those who want to study and hip hop lessons are all free. The school also teaches Khmer literature, English, computer skills, and graffiti.\nAccording to a recent survey by the Cambodian National Institute of Statistics, Columbia University in New York, and Friends International, of this country's seven largest urban centers about 2,700 youths were in need of a home with the numbers rising due to higher unemployment and migration to the cities from rural villages.\nThere are no previously comparable numbers, but Sokhana said the survey indicated a noticeable increase of about 40 percent over the last two years. Of the total, some 1,800 homeless youths are affiliated with Friends International.\nOn the street\nTypically, homeless youth are aged between 13 and 17 years and fit snugly at the bottom of the social ladder, where they are easily exploited and often bullied into begging and collecting empty drink cans, or, more heinously, drugs, prostitution and other forms of criminal activity.\nDoung Chan is a 12-year-old street kid who spends much of her time outside a Star Mart convenience store on Monivong Blvd, toying with her smart phone.\nShe initially ran-off at the sight of cameras but returned and said her parents had told her not to speak with journalists. Later, she began to talk but was hesitant.\nShe was once rescued by Friends International, but left because her younger sister was abandoned during the daytime by their parents, and street life \u2013 where she can earn between five and seven dollars a day by begging \u2013 was more lucrative.\n\u201cI left there because no one was looking after my sister. I come here as a beggar. My mom is a scrap collector and my dad is a construction worker. The money that I find is to help pay for the rent,\u201d she said.\nThen there's Chea Channy. He fell into into drugs and said life on the street was difficult. He was attacked and beaten by rival gangs and wanted out. He was lucky and found a place at Friends where he is learning culinary skills and is drug-free.\n\u201cI cannot imagine what my life would be like if I had not met with Friends. I have no one to depend on, no shelter and no food,\u201d Channy said. \u201cI was mistreated.\u201d\nTough love\nCambodia's post-war economic boom has lifted millions out of poverty but growth has been uneven and social workers have warned that better results among street kids won't happen by simply giving money.\nSokanha says the plight faced by Chan and Channy is common and successes rare.\n\u201cWe should think twice before giving money or buying from children because this act can encourage them to do more and them to stay in poverty,\u201d she said, adding one day can earn their parents $10 to $20. With four to five children on the streets, they can bring in $80 to $100 a day.\nThat's a tidy sum when the poverty rate is just two dollars a day and construction companies pay their laborers as little as three dollars a day. It also compares favorably with what's on offer from NGOs like Friends International and Tiny Toones.\n\u201cIf they can earn this much per day and if they wish to lead life on the street then they can actually save money and afford to leave but they don\u2019t because begging is too easy for them,\u201d Sokanha said.\nHer sentiments were echoed by Jacky, whose \u201crehabilitated students\u201d get a chance to perform abroad perhaps twice a year.\n\u201cWe\u2019ve seen people break dance in Thailand, Vietnam, Singapore and Malaysia,\u201d said Jacky, adding hip hop and education have succeeded where just giving money has failed.\nLuke Hunt contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A Cambodian homeless man, left, sleeps under a Cambodia's Preah Vihear temple sign board in Phnom Penh, Cambodia.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/04A38D6A-01B4-4707-AEE5-81A4A55F58DD.jpg",
        "id": "21713_1",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "giving money",
            "the country's booming economy"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "homeless",
            "A Cambodian homeless man"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_07_3800491",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_07_3800491_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who is targeting the people in the image?",
        "context": "Taliban Kills 6 Afghan Security Forces Near Kunduz\nISLAMABAD \u2014\u00a0\nOfficials in Afghanistan\u2019s troubled northern Kunduz province say an overnight insurgent attack has left at least six national security force personnel dead.\nProvincial police chief General Abdul Hamid Hamid told media Sunday a large group of insurgents stormed a security outpost near the provincial capital, also called Kunduz, causing the fatalities. \nTaliban spokesman Zabihullah Mujahid claimed its fighters also overran the outpost and seized weapons and other equipment there. \nMeanwhile, the Afghan Interior Ministry said airstrikes in the province\u2019s Imam Sahib district late Saturday killed at least 18 Taliban insurgents, including three key commanders.\nThe dead militants \u201cwere involved in planning and implementing several terrorist attacks in Kunduz province,\" according to a statement issued in Kabul.\nThe insurgents have stepped up attacks on government forces around the country as springtime is arriving in Afghanistan amid fears of more violence this year. \nChief Afghan presidential advisor Homayun Qayoumi has acknowledged unprecedented losses insurgents inflicted last year in Afghan National Defense and Security Forces, or ANDSF.\n\u201cIt (the Taliban) looks more of an organized army fighting Afghanistan\u2026, and actually that is why the level of casualties in 2016 ended up to be much higher than the prior decade,\u201d the advisor said at a public talk in Washington last Friday while highlighting challenges facing the Afghan government.\nANDSF lost nearly 7,000 personnel while battling the Taliban last year. \nThe insurgent group controls or influences several districts in Kunduz and in neighboring northern provinces that border Central Asian states. \nLast month, an American airstrike killed the Taliban\u2019s commander for Kunduz, Mullah Abdul Salam, dealing a major blow to the insurgency. \nUnder Salam\u2019s leadership, the Taliban briefly capturedKunduz in late 2015 in an embarrassing setback to the U.S.-trained Afghan security forces. \nIn another development, officials in northern Faryab province have confirmed Taliban insurgents assassinated a district police chief late Saturday.\nA provincial police spokesman said a bomb attached to the slain police officer\u2019s vehicle also seriously wounded another security officer.\n",
        "caption": "Afghan security forces investigate the aftermath of Wednesday's suicide attack and shooting in district police headquarters in Kabul, Afghanistan, March 2, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B09479C8-14FA-49C0-A834-3D292AC8A923.jpg",
        "id": "19954_1",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "insurgents"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "forces",
            "Afghan security forces"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_05_3750219",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_05_3750219_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What thing drove the people to participate in the event in the image?",
        "context": "New Ghanaian President Sworn In\nNana Akufo-Addo was sworn in Saturday as the new president of Ghana after winning the election a month ago.\nAkufo-Addo, 72, defeated incumbent John Dramani Mahama in an election largely focused on the country\u2019s stalling economy.\nGhana President Nana Akufo-Addo.\nThousands of people, along with leaders from across Africa, gathered in the Ghanaian capital of Accra to witness the peaceful transfer of power, a rare sight in a region marked by political violence.\nThe former opposition leader and human rights lawyer Akufo-Addo promised to rebuild the country\u2019s economy by building a factory in each of Ghana\u2019s more than 200 districts.\nAkufo-Addo has said he will put Ghana \u201cback on the path of progress and prosperity\u201d after high public debt and inflation forced the country to take a bailout loan from the International Monetary Fund about a year and a half ago.\nEarlier this week, Mahama attributed the struggles seen during his presidency to \u201cstrong headwinds\u201d that caused Ghana\u2019s currency to falter.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Supporters of Ghanaian President-elect Nana Akufo-Addo, of the New Patriotic Party (NPP), celebrate his election victory in Accra, Ghana, Dec. 10, 2016. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/A5CD7DCE-86FA-4442-AEB3-3C182805D5D2.jpg",
        "id": "30101_1",
        "answer": [
            "the country\u2019s stalling economy"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "election"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_07_3666952",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_07_3666952_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What has kept the people in the image from doing their work?",
        "context": "Palestinian Government Slashes Salaries for Gaza Employees\nGAZA CITY, GAZA STRIP \u2014\u00a0\nThe cash-strapped Palestinian Authority on Wednesday said it was slashing by nearly one third the salaries of tens of thousands of government employees in the Gaza Strip who have been sitting idly since the rival Hamas militant group took over the coastal territory a decade ago.\nThe decision deepened the divide between the West Bank and Gaza - two territories that the Palestinians hope to turn into an independent state - and increased hardship in already impoverished Gaza.\n\u201cThis cut has worsened our situation. I don't know how I will get by until the end of the month. Shall I beg?\u201d said Rizq al-Haddad, a former maintenance worker at the Health Ministry.\nAl-Haddad, a father of 10, supports his family on a salary of about 2,200 shekels, or $600, a month. That income will now drop by nearly $200 a month.\n\u201cOur situation was desperate even before they made the cuts,\u201d he said in his dilapidated two-bedroom home. \u201cWe barely bought thyme and bread for the kids and we can't buy tomatoes because of the desperate situation.\u201d\nThe internationally-backed Palestinian Authority, which is based in the West Bank, ordered all of its roughly 50,000 workers to step down after the Islamic militant group Hamas seized power in 2007. But it has continued to pay the salaries of the former policemen, teachers and civil servants like al-Haddad.\nIn the West Bank, government spokesman Yousif al-Mahmoud said a reduction in foreign aid had forced the Palestinian Authority to cut Gaza salaries by 30 percent. \u201cWithout this step, the government cannot pay the salaries of its employees,\u201d he said.\nAffected workers expressed shock, anger and frustration as they gathered outside Gaza banks. In Gaza City, nearly 200 people joined a protest outside a Bank of Palestine branch. \u201cThe salary is our children's right,\u201d said one of the banners.\nIsrael and Egypt have maintained a blockade over Gaza since Hamas, a militant group sworn to Israel's destruction, took power. Israel says the measure, which has restricted the movement of people and goods in and out of Gaza, is needed to prevent Hamas from importing arms. But the blockade has hit Gaza's economy hard, and unemployment is now over 40 percent, according to the World Bank.\nThe faltering economy has remained afloat through sales of consumer goods. The Palestinian Authority employees have provided a large slice of the purchasing power that business owners rely on to keep their commerce alive.\nHamas, which hired more than 40,000 people to fill the gaps left by the absence of the Palestinian Authority workers, also struggles to pay its employees.\nAfter repeated efforts to reconcile with Fatah failed, Hamas is increasingly relying on hefty taxes on imports, utility fees and customs to pay its employees just half of their regular salaries.\nHamas condemned Wednesday's salary cuts. \u201cThis is an unjust and non-national decision that aims at creating crises and tightening the grip on our people in the Gaza Strip,\u201d spokesman Abdullatif Qanou said in a statement.\n",
        "caption": "Employees wait in line in at a cash machine to receive their monthly salaries in Gaza City, April 5, 2017. The cash-strapped Palestinian Authority said it has slashed the salaries of some 50,000 government employees in the Gaza Strip.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/BB4728B8-BB18-464A-AEC9-85A6DA5BB6DF.jpg",
        "id": "26325_1",
        "answer": [
            "the rival Hamas militant group took over the coastal territory a decade ago"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "employees "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_05_3798453",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_05_3798453_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the person on stage in the image do?",
        "context": "Standing Rock Tribe's Fight Against Pipeline Goes Global\nGENEVA \u2014\u00a0\nNative American activists from the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe, in the U.S. state of North Dakota, have gone global with their fight to stop fossil fuel corporations from possibly fouling water sources by transporting oil on indigenous lands.\nPeaceful protests that began April 1, 2016, to try to stop construction of the Dakota Access pipeline largely died down in February when the main protest camp was cleared. Oil drilling began on June 1.\nWhile they may have lost this battle, the activists say the war is far from over. They say the fight for indigenous rights continues to be waged on many fronts nationally, and moves to expand it globally already have begun.\nDallas-based Energy Transfer Partners, the Dakota Access pipeline developer, disputes the tribes' claims and says the $3.8 billion, 1,885-kilometer pipeline is safe.\nRachel Heaton, a member of the Muckleshoot Tribe and an indigenous leader among Dakota Access pipeline opponents in Seattle, is one of four \"water protectors\" touring various countries and cities in Europe to try to drum up support for their cause. She said Native Americans plan to hit corporations and banks where it hurts most \u2014 in their wallets.\nCredit Suisse targeted\n\"We are going around and sharing our stories as well as talking to the banks here in Europe that are invested in the fossil fuel projects on our lands,\" she said. \"We are here to ask the banks to divest from the fossil fuel projects as they are contributing to the genocide of our people, the environmental racism that continues to take place, as well as the violation of our treaty rights.\"\nFILE - A woman makes coffee in a kitchen in the Oceti Sakowin camp as \"water protectors\" continue to demonstrate against plans to pass the Dakota Access pipeline near the Standing Rock Sioux Reservation, near Cannon Ball, N.D., Dec. 6, 2016.\nShe said the group of water protectors had come to Geneva to confront Credit Suisse, which is one of the largest financiers in the Dakota Access pipeline.\n\"They are invested in the fossil fuel projects on our lands that again continue to oppress our people. So we are here to send a message to Credit Suisse that they need to divest from these projects, as well as invest in policies that protect our indigenous nations,\" she said. \nThe activists were not successful in their quest. Credit Suisse refused to meet them. But the group said it would not give up, because the bank has invested $1.4 billion in fossil fuel projects on indigenous lands, making it the leading investor among all European banks.\nThe group, which began its European tour in Paris on May 20, has managed to ruffle the feathers of a significant number of shareholders in other banks as well. They crashed shareholder meetings at BNP Paribas, Natixis Bank and Societe Generale.\n\"We were not welcomed,\" said Heaton. \"We were muffled out. We were booed. Some of the board members that were present avoided us. They went around the room and tried to avoid our question. They would not answer it,\" she said. \"They did not say they would divest. They did not respond to us at all.\"\n'We will continue'\nHeaton said indigenous people would not be deterred by these setbacks. She told VOA that trying to get banks to divest from fossil fuel projects was a long process.\n\"We will continue to be a voice,\" she said. \"We will continue to express ourselves in the way we have and continue the civil disobedience, taking people out of their comfort zones until these banks and these nations get the message.\"\nFILE - Nataanii Means performs during a rally at the Oak Flat Campground in the Tonto National Forest near Superior, Ariz., May 30, 2015.\nNataanii Means, an Oglala Sioux and Navajo activist and hip-hop artist, agreed that native communities would continue fighting for their rights.\n\"We have been fighting this kind of fight for years, and we are going to continue to fight it because it affects our communities first,\" he said.\n\"We are suffering the highest rates of cancer. We are suffering the highest rates of sex trafficking per capita. We are suffering the highest rates of suicide per capita.\n\"Our communities are on the front lines literally because we are affected first by these extraction companies \u2014 oil extraction, gas extraction and fracking,\" he said. \nWhile in Geneva, the activists networked with United Nations officials, civil society and nongovernmental organizations. They met with Mayor Guillaume Barazzone, who pledged his solidarity with their cause.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Nataanii Means performs during a rally at the Oak Flat Campground in the Tonto National Forest near Superior, Ariz., May 30, 2015.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/EAB26F45-48ED-4424-9C19-A4F8F21AD4FA.jpg",
        "id": "7674_3",
        "answer": [
            "activist and hip-hop artist",
            "hip-hop"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Nataanii Means"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_08_3892805",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_08_3892805_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What are the people in the image protecting themselves against?",
        "context": "Gambia on Funding Drive to Become First Sub-Saharan Nation Free of Malaria\nDAKAR \u2014\u00a0\nGambia could become the first country in sub-Saharan Africa to eliminate malaria on its track record of combating the mosquito-borne disease but more donor funds are needed for the \"last mile\" of the drive, health experts said Wednesday.\nThe prevalence of the malaria parasite in children younger than five has plunged to 0.2 percent from 4 percent in 2011, according to the National Malaria Control Program (NMCP).\nThe total number of new malaria cases across the West African nation has fallen by about 40 percent in that time \u2014 to 155,450 last year from 262,000 in 2011, NMCP data shows.\nGambia is aiming to achieve the milestone of having no new malaria cases by 2020, but donor fatigue is a concern with a funding gap of over $25 million, said NMCP head Balla Kandeh.\n\"This last mile is the most difficult \u2014 we need more support to sustain the gains we have made, yet donors often turn their attention elsewhere as cases drop,\" he said, adding that malaria rates in Gambia may rebound if more funding is not secured soon.\nKandeh hopes that Gambia's new leadership under President Adama Barrow, who won a December election to bring an end to 22 years of autocratic rule under Yahya Jammeh, will attract back donors after many left during the previous regime.\nFILE - A woman carrying a baby holds a treated mosquito net.\n\"There is a better working environment under Barrow, with less constraints and less political uncertainty,\" he told Reuters. \"The fear of the unknown has gone.\"\nAside from the usual control measures, such as anti-malarial drugs, insecticide-treated bed nets and indoor spraying, Gambia has successfully used technology to tackle malaria, according to Carla Fajardo of aid agency Catholic Relief Services (CRS).\nTablets, online platforms and GPS have been used to track delivery of the above strategies, with real-time data enabling decisions to be made on the fly, while internet service providers have boosted bandwidth in remote areas, Fajardo said.\nThe world has made huge strides against malaria since 2000, with death rates plunging by 60 percent and at least six million lives saved globally, the World Health Organization (WHO) says.\nBut efforts to end one of the world's deadliest diseases \u2014 which kills about 430,000 people a year, mostly children in sub-Saharan Africa \u2014 are under threat as mosquitoes become increasingly resistant to measures such as bed nets and drugs.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A woman carrying a baby holds a treated mosquito net.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/80991A71-04E8-4847-A300-D7DA03477581.jpg",
        "id": "6961_2",
        "answer": [
            "malaria"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "a treated mosquito net",
            "mosquito"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_12_3941682",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_12_3941682_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What was  thought to have caused the damage at the place in the image?",
        "context": "Iraq, US Investigate Scores of Civilian Deaths in Mosul\nThe Iraqi military is casting doubt on reports that U.S.-led coalition airstrikes killed as many as 100 civilians sheltered earlier this month in a building in the contested city of Mosul, citing new evidence it says shows Islamic State militants rigged the site with explosives.\nA Pentagon statement Saturday said an \"initial review\" showed coalition airstrikes March 17 \"at the location corresponding to allegations of civilian casualties\" in western Mosul's Old City. The statement said an investigation is underway.\nCivil protection rescue team work on the debris of a destroyed house to recover the bodies of people killed on the western side of Mosul, Iraq, March 24, 2017.\nIt also said coalition planes \"routinely strike\" IS targets in the neighborhood, and coalition forces \"take all reasonable precautions during the planning and execution of airstrikes to reduce the risk of harm to civilians.\"\nFor its part, the Iraqi military's Joint Command released a statement later Saturday that confirmed airstrikes in the embattled city.\nIraqi Federal Police take cover during a battle with Islamic State fighters at Bab al-Jadid district in the old city of Mosul, March 26, 2017.\nBut it said an investigation of the site showed \"all of [the building's] walls were rigged with bombs and there is no hole or signs that it was an airstrike target.\" It also said 61 bodies had been recovered from the site, as investigators continued to probe the wreckage.\nMore than a half-million civilians are still believed to remain in IS-held areas of Mosul, with many of them used by IS extremists as human shields as Iraqi forces advance.\nCivilians, humanitarian aid groups and monitoring officials have warned about the possibility of increased civilian casualties because of an increasing demand for airstrikes and artillery.\n",
        "caption": "Civil protection rescue team work on the debris of a destroyed house to recover the bodies of people killed on the western side of Mosul, Iraq, March 24, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B7AA4D09-421D-4AA7-8F8B-570B6C1F00EF.jpg",
        "id": "25805_1",
        "answer": [
            "coalition airstrikes"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Mosul"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_26_3782250",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_26_3782250_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What has the office of the woman speaking in the image admitted to?",
        "context": "Myanmar Forces Hurt in Border Clash with Militants\nYANGON, MYANMAR \u2014\u00a0\nTwo members of Myanmar\u2019s security forces were injured in a clash with militants on the troubled Rakhine State border with Bangladesh, Myanmar state counselor\u2019s office said, casting doubt on the government\u2019s claim that the region had stabilized.\nThe government last week said the situation in northern Rakhine had stabilized and that it had ended a four-month security crackdown on Rohingya Muslims.\nThe security operation had been under way since nine policemen were killed in attacks on security posts near the Bangladesh border October 9. Almost 69,000 Rohingyas have since fled to Bangladesh, according to U.N. estimates.\nThe United Nations has said the security crackdown may amount to crimes against humanity and possibly ethnic cleansing.\nRakhine state, Myanmar\nBorder clash\nTwo soldiers were wounded in a five-minute clash with an armed group on the border with Bangladesh Friday afternoon, the State Counselor\u2019s said in a statement late Saturday.\n\u201cThe forces providing security forces to workers preparing border fence between the Mile Post 56 and 57 in Buthidaung township were attacked by about 30 unidentified armed men in black uniforms positioned on hills in Bangladeshi side,\u201d the statement said, adding the armed men withdrew after security forces returned fire.\nThe security forces were still gathering information to identify how many members from the armed group were injured or killed during the clash, the office said in the short statement.\nBangladesh border guards could not immediately be contacted. Myanmar State Counselor\u2019s Office and military did not immediately respond to requests for comments.\nOctober attacks\nMyanmar\u2019s government blamed Rohingyas supported by foreign militants for the October 9 attacks on police, but has issued scant information about the assailants it called \u201cterrorists.\u201d\nA group of Rohingya Muslims involved in the October attacks is headed by people with links to Saudi Arabia and Pakistan, the International Crisis Group said in a report last year.\nThe government, led Nobel laureate Aung San Suu Kyi, has denied almost all allegations of human rights abuses in Rakhine, including mass killings and gang rapes of Rohingya Muslims, and said the operation was a lawful counterinsurgency campaign.\nThe violence has renewed international criticism that the Myanmar leader has done too little to help members of the Muslim minority, many of whom live in apartheid-like conditions in northwestern Myanmar.\nRohingya Muslims have faced discrimination in Myanmar for generations. They are regarded as illegal immigrants from Bangladesh and many entitled only to limited rights. \n",
        "caption": "Myanmar State Counsellor Aung San Suu Kyi delivers a speech during Union Day celebrations in Panglong, Myanmar, Feb. 12, 2017. Suu Kyi has called on all armed ethnic groups to sign a nationwide ceasefire. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/06556333-6971-41A8-B413-D511D81F895A.jpg",
        "id": "18667_1",
        "answer": [
            "Two soldiers were wounded in a five-minute clash with an armed group on the border with Bangladesh Friday afternoon"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "State Counselor"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_19_3730742",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_19_3730742_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person with the striped tie in the image float as a solution?",
        "context": "Trump's North Korea Policy: Is It Different from Obama's?\nNow that the Trump administration has vowed its North Korea policy will differ from its predecessor's, the question is how it will chart a new course, U.S. experts say.\nU.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson declared a departure from former President Barack Obama's containment policy of \"strategic patience,\" which many viewed as a failure because it did not curtail North Korea's nuclear weapons programs.\n\"The policy of strategic patience has ended,\" Tillerson told reporters in South Korea this month while on his first official East Asia tour. \"We are exploring a new range of diplomatic, security and economic measures.\"\nAlthough Trump's White House is reviewing policy options for the unruly regime, Tillerson laid out the precepts for how the U.S. would cope with the North \u2014 no negotiations unless North Korean leader Kim Jong Un commits to denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula, and a willingness to take pre-emptive military action if necessary.\nFILE - U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson, left, speaks as South Korean Foreign Minister Yun Byung-se looks on during a press conference in Seoul, March 17, 2017.\nDifferent, but the same\nThomas Countryman, who served as assistant secretary of state for international security and nonproliferation in the Obama administration, believes the secretary's tough rhetoric notwithstanding, Trump's North Korea policy is not very different from that of his predecessor.\n\"The Trump administration is very much on the same path as the Obama administration, putting greater emphasis on sanctions, putting greater emphasis on the need to provide defensive and deterrence capabilities to protect Japan and South Korea,\" he said.\n\"Tillerson said military options are under consideration, and that is not substantially different from what President Obama always said, that 'all options are on the table,' \" Countryman added.\nBut Trump appears to be shunning \"effective engagement with China, which remains the key,\" the former diplomat said.\nThe Trump administration has called out Beijing several times for failing to provide sufficient support in containing Pyongyang's nuclear ambitions. While Tillerson was in Asia, the president tweeted, \"North Korea is behaving very badly. They have been 'playing' the United States for years. China has done little to help!\"\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;North Korea is behaving very badly. They have been \\\"playing\\\" the United States for years. China has done little to help!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/842724011234791424\\\"\\u0026gt;March 17, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nTrump is expected to host Chinese President Xi Jinping for a two-day summit next month, and North Korea is likely to top the agenda.\nStrategic patience by another name\nKen Gause, director of the International Affairs Group at the Center for Naval Analyses, maintains that strategies outlined by the Trump team are no different from Obama's failed approach, and he expects Trump's policy for North Korea has the same chance of success.\nFILE - U.S. President Barack Obama, left, points towards North Korea from Observation Post Ouellette in the Demilitarized Zone, the tense military border between the two Koreas, in Panmunjom, South Korea, March 25, 2012.\n\"You are basically going to get North Korea, [which] will continue to do what it does, or to continue to lump more sanctions and pressure on North Korea [and] try to pressure China in solving the problem before us as the Obama administration did,\" Gause said. \"It won't solve the problem.\"\nStill, other experts believe Trump will stake out different strategies to denuclearize North Korea, and they expect Trump to adopt a harder-line policy that centers on tightening the financial noose around the isolated state's nuclear and missile programs.\nA former CIA deputy division chief for Korea, Bruce Klingner, said that although it is premature to draw conclusions, with the Trump administration's policy for the North still being defined, \"there may be differences in how strongly sanctions are implemented.\"\n\"Obama talked a good game on sanctions, calling North Korea the most heavily sanctioned and the most cut-off nation on Earth, and he was flat-out wrong,\" said Klingner, who is now at the Heritage Foundation's Asian Studies Center. \"The U.S., the U.N. and the EU did far more to Iran than to North Korea, and it was only last year that the U.S., under the Obama administration, cumulatively sanctioned as many North Korean entities as those of Zimbabwe.\"\nFILE - A TV screen shows pictures of U.S. President-elect Donald Trump, right, and North Korean leader Kim Jong Un, at the Seoul Railway Station in Seoul, South Korea, Nov. 10, 2016.\nTargeting Chinese banks, businesses\nWhen it comes to sanctioning Chinese individuals and businesses that facilitated North Korea's nuclear development, Klingner said the Obama administration was \"pulling its punches.\" He noted Trump can vigorously use U.S. laws to wean Chinese banks and businesses away from engaging the Kim regime.\n\"It only finally sanctioned a handful of Chinese entities for violating U.S. law last year, but only because it was required to do so under the new congressional law,\" said the former intelligence official, in reference to the North Korea Sanctions Policy and Enhancement Act, which Obama signed in February 2016.\nSung-Yoon Lee, a North Korea expert at Tufts University's Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, said the Trump administration appears to have \"a growing awareness that the old ways of doing things will not only not work, but invite a bigger calamity.\"\n\"The era of half-measures, procrastination, on-and-off half-party diplomacy, half-party sanctions is now over, and we have entered a period of consequences,\" the professor said. \"There's a consensus in Washington \u2026 there's a lot more that the U.S. could and should do to financially squeeze North Korea \u2014 to toughen up on sanctions against North Korea and also to go after North Korea's third-country partners.\"\nPyongyang's official Rodong Sinmun newspaper has denounced Trump's North Korea policy, saying that \"no big differences are found between Obama's ruptured 'strategic patience' policy and the incumbent U.S. administration's [North Korea] policy.\"\nBaik Sungwon contributed to this story, which was first reported by VOA's Korean service.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson, left, speaks as South Korean Foreign Minister Yun Byung-se looks on during a press conference in Seoul, March 17, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/1A9E1C4F-AD8E-4B87-A597-1591A76BE6DF.jpg",
        "id": "29206_2",
        "answer": [
            "military options"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Tillerson"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_28_3785792",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_28_3785792_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in the middle of the image note?",
        "context": "Mattis Describes Qatar Situation as 'Difficult'\nPENTAGON \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. Defense Secretary Jim Mattis described the diplomatic spat between Qatar and several other American allies in the Middle East as a \u201ccomplex situation\u201d that the United States needed to help solve.\n\u201cI believe that (Qatar\u2019s) Prince Thani inherited a difficult, very tough situation, and he\u2019s trying to turn the society in the right direction,\u201d Mattis told lawmakers at a House Armed Services Committee hearing late Monday. \u201cBut we all agree that funding of any kind of terrorist group is inimical to all of our interest.\u201d\nMattis said President Donald Trump was focused on stopping all terrorist funding, including what he called \u201cgrey funding.\u201d\n\u201cIt\u2019s not black and white; it goes into some kind of nebulous area,\u201d he said.\nHe added that he believed Qatar is \u201cmoving in the right direction\u201d when it comes to curtailing its funding of terrorism and said the United States needed to find common ground with Qatar due to the two countries\u2019 shared interest.\nQatar\u2019s Al-Udeid Air Base is the largest American air base in the Middle East, serving as the forward operational headquarters of U.S. Central Command and the host to about 10,000 American troops.\nSaudi Arabia, Bahrain, Egypt, Yemen and the United Arab Emirates have cut diplomatic ties with Qatar and stopped transportation to and from the tiny Gulf nation, accusing Qatar of funding terrorists groups including Hamas and the Muslim Brotherhood.\nDuring the hearing, Congressman Adam Smith (D-Washington) said he was \u201cnot clear\u201d on the administration\u2019s strategy concerning Qatar, accusing President Trump of being unhelpful Friday when he lashed out against Qatar and sided with Saudi Arabia.\n\u201cWe should be finding ways to solve that problem, not throwing gasoline on the fire,\u201d Smith said.\nAfghanistan\nWhen asked about the military strategy in Afghanistan, Secretary Mattis said he would present options \u201cvery soon\u201d to the president.\nMattis added that it was important to include the relationships between India, Pakistan, Afghanistan and Iran in the U.S. strategy.\n\u201cWe are taking a regional approach to this,\u201d he said, \u201cbecause if we look at it in isolation, we\u2019ll probably have something that\u2019s lacking.\u201d\nEarlier this year, the top U.S. commander in Afghanistan, General John Nicholson, described the situation in the war-torn country as a \u201cstalemate.\u201d \nOfficials have said the strategy in Afghanistan needs to be flexible enough to provide the tools needed for Afghan forces to put more pressure on the Taliban.\n\u201cIt\u2019s not just about numbers of troops. It\u2019s about authorities. It\u2019s about other things we can do diplomatically and economically as well,\u201d Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff General Joseph Dunford, the top U.S. general, told lawmakers Monday. \nIncreased authorities could allow American troops to work with Afghan troops below the corps level, potentially putting them closer to fighting.\n",
        "caption": "Joint Chiefs Chairman Gen. Joseph Dunford, left, Defense Secretary Jim Mattis, and Defense Under Secretary and Chief Financial Office David Norquist, listen to a question as they testify at a House Armed Services Committee hearing on the FY'18 defense bud",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/52B8BC49-E1B7-4115-9C58-BD738E35FB44.jpg",
        "id": "32366_1_2",
        "answer": [
            "that it was important to include the relationships between India, Pakistan, Afghanistan and Iran in the U.S. strategy"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Mattis"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_13_3898063",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_13_3898063_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the man in the image going to do?",
        "context": "China Frees 3 Activists who Probed Ivanka Trump Supplier\nGANZHOU, CHINA \u2014\u00a0\nChinese authorities have released on bail three activists who had been detained after investigating labor conditions at a factory that produced shoes for Ivanka Trump and other brands.\nThe three activists walked out of a police station in Ganzhou, a city in southeastern Jiangxi province, on Wednesday, the final day of their legally mandated 30-day detention period limit.\nThe activists were working with China Labor Watch, a New York-based group, and were investigating Huajian Group factories in the southern Chinese cities of Ganzhou and Dongguan.\nOne of the activists, Hua Haifeng, carried his 3-year-old son in his arms as he walked out with his wife and other family members.\n\"I will speak to everyone in a few days' time after we organize. I'm happy to be out. I just want to spend some time with my family,\" Hua told The Associated Press. \"I appreciate the media following my case the last month but I'm not ready to speak yet.\"\nHua declined further comment but said he had not been mistreated. People released in politically sensitive cases tend to have conditions attached to their release that restrict them from speaking to the media.\nChina Labor Watch said the three men were released on bail pending trial. \"China Labor Watch hopes that the court will provide the investigators with a fair trial,\" the group said in a statement.\nHua and his colleagues at the labor group were preparing to publish a report alleging low pay, excessive overtime, crude verbal abuse and possible misuse of student labor at Huajian Group factories.\nThe company has denied allegations of excessive overtime and low wages. It says it stopped producing Ivanka Trump shoes months ago.\nFILE - Shoes from the Ivanka Trump collection are displayed at a Lord & Taylor department store in New York, Aug. 23, 2012.\nThe activists disappeared or were detained in late May. The labor group said two were taken away from a hotel room while the third was detained by customs officials in the southern city of Shenzhen while en route to Hong Kong.\nThe three activists' detention prompted the U.S. State Department to call for their immediate release. At the time, Hua Chunying, spokeswoman for China's Ministry of Foreign Affairs, said the men had been accused of using secret recording devices to disrupt normal commercial operations and would be dealt with under Chinese law.\n\"Other nations have no right to interfere in our judicial sovereignty and independence,\" she said, adding, \"the police found these people illegally possessed secret cameras, secret listening devices and other illegal monitoring devices.\"\nIvanka Trump's brand has declined to comment on the allegations or the detentions. Marc Fisher, which produces shoes for Ivanka Trump and other brands, has said it is looking into the allegations. Ivanka Trump's lifestyle brand imports most of its merchandise from China, trade data show.\nThe detentions came as China has cracked down on perceived threats to the stability of its ruling Communist Party, particularly from sources with foreign ties such as China Labor Watch.\nFaced with rising labor unrest and a slowing economy, Beijing has taken a stern approach to activism in southern China's manufacturing belt and to human rights advocates generally, sparking a wave of reports about disappearances, public confessions, forced repatriation and torture in custody.\n",
        "caption": "Chinese labor activist Hua Haifeng, center, carries his son Bobo chats with his sister Hua Xiaoqin, left, as they leave a police station after being released in Ganzhou in southern China's Jiangxi Province, June 28, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/99ACA713-7FA0-4A91-B0D1-3C8A34E97F92.jpg",
        "id": "16820_1",
        "answer": [
            "publish a report",
            "None",
            "spend some time with my family"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Hua",
            "Hua Haifeng"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_28_3919420",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_28_3919420_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What do some of the people who the man on the right is interacting think is important to maintain?",
        "context": "Trump Caught Between Pleasing Conservatives and Moderates on Health Care \nThe Trump administration has resumed efforts at getting divided congressional Republicans to agree on a replacement for former President Barack Obama's signature health care law.\nLast month's failure to pass a replacement health care law exposed divisions among Republicans in Washington, but any attempt by President Donald Trump to reach out to opposition Democrats also carries risks.\nTargeting House conservatives\nLast month, the White House pulled a health care replacement bill when it became clear that too many conservative House members of the Freedom Caucus opposed the measure.\nFILE - President Donald Trump, flanked by Health and Human Services Secretary Tom Price, left, and Vice President Mike Pence speaks to the media regarding the health care reform bill, in the Oval Office of the White House, in Washington, March 24, 2017.\nThe resistance stood even after the president met with several House members opposed to the bill. \"They are friends of mine. I'm disappointed because we could have had it. So, I'm disappointed,\" Trump told reporters in the Oval Office on the day the health care measure failed.\nBut the president seemed to get angrier as time went by, and on March 30 he spoke out against conservatives who opposed him. \"The Freedom Caucus will hurt the entire Republican agenda if they don't get on the team, & fast,\" Trump said on Twitter. \"We must fight them, & Dems, in 2018!\"\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;The Freedom Caucus will hurt the entire Republican agenda if they don%27t get on the team, \\u0026amp;amp; fast. We must fight them, \\u0026amp;amp; Dems, in 2018!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/847435163143454723\\\"\\u0026gt;March 30, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nA Turn to Democrats?\nTrump raised the possibility of turning to Democrats if some Republicans continue to oppose him. \"If they got together with us and got a real health care bill, I would be totally open to it, and I think that is going to happen,\" he said.\nBut Democrats, including House Democratic leader Nancy Pelosi, expressed little interest.\n\"They are going to try to put repeal [of Obamacare] on the table [for consideration],\" Pelosi told reporters at the Capitol. \"We must resist repeal. There is a strong sentiment for that in the country.\"\nFILE - Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer speaks at an event marking the seventh anniversary of the passing of the Affordable Care Act outside the Capitol Building in Washington, March 22, 2017.\nSenate Democratic leader Chuck Schumer added a more ominous note this week in an exchange with reporters.\n\"Trump is going to have problems until he learns that the only way to get things done in this place, even though he has the majority in the House and Senate, is in a bipartisan way,\" Schumer said. \"If he doesn't, his presidency will be a disaster.\"\nRepublican risks\nHowever, any move by Trump toward engaging Democrats could spark angst among Republicans.\n\"If we are going to do what we said we were going to do, which is repeal and replace Obamacare and save the American health care system, something tells me the Democrats are not going to help us repeal Obamacare,\" said Republican House Speaker Paul Ryan. \"They are the ones who created it in the first place.\"\nFILE - House Speaker Paul Ryan and the GOP leadership finish a news conference on Capitol Hill in Washington, April 4, 2017.\nVice President Mike Pence is working to win over some members of the Freedom Caucus, but many insist they will stick to their principle of minimal government involvement in health care.\n\"Do we need to lower the bar in what we believe as conservatives simply because a Republican is now in the White House?\" asked South Carolina Representative Mark Sanford.\nWeak poll position\nTrump's position in public opinion polls could limit his political leverage. The latest Quinnipiac University poll gave the president an approval rating of 35 percent, while 57 percent disapproved of his performance in office so far.\nQuinnipiac's assistant polling director, Tim Malloy, issued a statement that the president \"continues to struggle even among his most loyal supporters.\" Malloy added that many of his backers would be \"hard pressed to see even a sliver of a silver lining in this troubling downward spiral.\"\nSome analysts have warned that Trump's focus on catering to his political base and working around Democrats could limit his success.\n\"Mr. Trump's problem was that he started off with a divided electorate and relatively low approval ratings, and they have bumped up and down but appear to be on a downward path now and this will make his job of governing more difficult,\" said Brookings Institution scholar William Galston.\nA new approach\nA different approach from the president is needed for a revival of the health care effort, according to Republican strategist John Feehery.\n\"For this president to be successful, he's going to have to do more than paint in broad brushes,\" Feehery said. \"He is going to have to get into the nitty-gritty and help the Congress to completion on these things because, frankly, you have to have the president resolve these disagreements.\"\nFeehery also cautions that congressional conservatives could limit Trump's ability to work with Democrats. \"This is going to be a challenge for him,\" he said. \"If he makes the Democrats the enemy, it is going to be very difficult for him to get anything done.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - President Donald Trump, flanked by Health and Human Services Secretary Tom Price, left, and Vice President Mike Pence speaks to the media regarding the health care reform bill, in the Oval Office of the White House, in Washington, March 24, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B73EEFBD-89AC-4CCC-A41B-623B279BC4B6.jpg",
        "id": "30356_1",
        "answer": [
            "principle of minimal government involvement in health care"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Vice President Mike Pence"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_06_3798510",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_06_3798510_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who have the people in the image had to engage with?",
        "context": "Islamic State Tries to Regroup as Mosul Losses Mount\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nWith U.S.-backed Iraqi forces close to ending the Islamic State group's grip on Mosul, security forces in neighboring Iraqi provinces are increasingly concerned about extremists moving into their areas.\nKirkuk, Diyala and Salahuddin provinces have recently witnessed a surge in IS activities, and local security forces fear possible terror attacks by IS militants fleeing Mosul.\n\u201cIS terrorists have raised their black flags in many villages and plains across the provincial borders,\u201d said Lieutenant Colonel Faruq Ahmed, head of the security department in Tuz Khurmatu, 200 kilometers from Mosul. \u201cSome of those areas have not had many IS fighters since 2014.\u201d\nIS controlled large swaths of land in the three provinces when it swept across northern and western Iraq in 2014.\nSunni Muslims who fled the Islamic State's stronghold of Hawija arrive in Kirkuk, Iraq, Oct. 3, 2016.\nAfter Mosul, recapturing Hawija\nWith the exception of the city of Hawija, west of Kirkuk, IS later lost most of that territory to Kurdish and Iraqi forces, supported by the U.S.-led coalition, along with Iran-backed Shi'ite militias known as Popular Mobilization Forces. Iraqi officials say recapturing Hawija will be their next goal after the Mosul offensive is completed.\nIntelligence reports tell of IS movements across the borders of all three provinces, and Ahmed said security forces in Tuz Khurmatu are on high alert for possible \u201cimminent\u201d attacks.\nVillagers living in the outskirts of Sulaiman Bek, a town in eastern Salahuddin province, said they saw 10 trucks full of IS fighters crossing into Qara Tapa town, north of Diyala.\nKurdish forces, the Iraqi army and PMF \u201care closely coordinating together to respond to any IS surprise attacks,\u201d Ahmed said.\nSmoke billows after an air strike by Iraqi forces towards Islamic State militants in the Old City of Mosul, Iraq, June 25, 2017.\nIS hit-and-run attacks\nA Kurdish commander, Colonel Luqman Muhammad, leads Peshmerga forces in the triangle where the borders of Kirkuk, Diyala and Salahuddin meet. He told VOA that IS militants have been moving into the three provinces in small groups \u2014 10 to a dozen fighters \u2014 to avoid being targeted by coalition airstrikes.\nIS fighters have been staging hit-and-run attacks against Kurdish Peshmerga, Iraqi army units and Shi'ite militias.\nPeshmerga forces foiled a major IS attempt last week to control the strategic border triangle, Muhammad said, thanks to support missions flown by warplanes of the U.S.-led coalition.\n\u201cThe planes hit them about three times and forced them to disperse,\u201d he said. \u201cWe killed two of them and seized a lot of weapons after two hours of confrontation.\u201d\nMilitants pressure villagers\nMuhammad said increased IS activity could continue for some time after the extremists are driven out of Mosul. Islamic State fighters have managed to establish secret cells in the region, he said, by appealing to disenfranchised Sunni Arabs.\nEver since the U.S.-led invasion of Iraq in 2003, the three provinces near Mosul have been in a state of flux. Their populations are a complex of Sunnis, Kurds and Shi'ites. Sunni leaders tell VOA their community feels increasingly marginalized by Kurdish and Shi'ite groups that have territorial ambitions in the region.\nKhairuallah Abdullah, a Sunni activist from Kirkuk, told VOA that IS fighters are pressuring Sunni villagers to support their insurgent attacks on Shi'ite and Kurdish forces.\n\u201cIS uses money to buy the loyalty of villagers who have just returned to their homes,\u201d he said. \u201cThose who refuse to pledge loyalty, especially the village headmen, face torture and death.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "Members of the Iraqi Army are photographed with an Islamic State flag, claimed after fighting with Islamic State militants in western Mosul, Iraq, June 26, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/2631B5BA-C89A-46FD-9CF3-B1714A0944AF.jpg",
        "id": "31309_1_2",
        "answer": [
            "IS fighters "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Iraqi army"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_26_3917151",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_26_3917151_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Why is it hard to engage with the group represented on the flag in the image?",
        "context": "Funding, Suicide Attacks Remain Challenge for African Force Fighting Boko Haram\nYAOUNDE \u2014\u00a0\nBoko Haram has lost as much as 70 percent of its war equipment and fighters. That's the assessment of defense officials from the five countries involved in the joint task force fighting the militants. But the officials, who gathered in Cameroon this week to discuss the war effort, admit their own troops face challenges, mostly involving funding.\nNigeria, Cameroon, Chad, Niger and Benin contribute the 7,000 soldiers that make up the multinational joint task force battling Boko Haram.\nDefense officials from the five countries said this week that economic challenges caused by the global slump in commodity prices are taking a toll on the war effort. \nThey said it has become difficult to mount attacks on Boko Haram locations, as they lack the resources to keep adequate standby troops stationed at frontline bases, like Mora in northern Cameroon.\nCameroonian General Donatien Melingui Nouma, speaking on behalf of the group, said they are a sub-regional force and do not have the same resources as a U.N. peacekeeping mission. But he said they will not relent because the Lake Chad Basin Commission member states are suffering from severe terrorism threats. He said they received contributions from the international community like the European Union and the United Kingdom and are expecting more.\nFILE - Chadian women walk past destroyed homes, in the Lake Chad shore village of N'Gouboua, March 5, 2015, following a scorched-earth attack by Boko Haram militants.\nThe Lake Chad Basin Commission created the regional force in 2015 with an anticipated budget of $700 million. But the defense officials said less than 50 percent of the promised money has been delivered.\nIn June, Cameroon arrested 30 of its soldiers in the task force after they protested over salary, saying they are not being paid enough.\nThis week, the defense ministers resolved that each country will negotiate salary agreements with their respective militaries, while the regional force will provide additional weapons to the troops.\nThe joint task force has succeeded in retaking much of the territory Boko Haram once held in Nigeria. However, that success has brought fresh challenges, said General Ahmen Mohammed, who is in charge of training and operations at the Nigerian defense headquarters.\n\"They have been degraded substantially, but because of that they had now broken into smaller sprinters and it is becoming much more difficult to harness our resources to deal with them decisively,\" Mohammed said.\nThe defense chiefs said these factions lack coordination and have resorted to regular suicide attacks in recent months, which have caused more people to flee their homes, intensifying the regional humanitarian crisis.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Nigerian soldiers hold up a Boko Haram flag that they had seized in the retaken town of Damasak, Nigeria, March 18, 2015. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/E02407BB-0708-472B-87A5-2211140F76AB.jpg",
        "id": "33422_1",
        "answer": [
            "they lack the resources to keep adequate standby troops stationed at frontline bases, like Mora in northern Cameroon."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Boko Haram"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_07_3932925",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_07_3932925_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What event is responsible for the natural disaster seen in the image?",
        "context": "Blaze Escapes Wildlife Refuge, Prompts Scores to Flee in Georgia\nFOLKSTON, GA. \u2014\u00a0\nSeventy-nine people in St. George in the U.S. state of Georgia\u2019s southernmost county have been evacuated after a wildfire in the Okefenokee Swamp began encroaching onto private property.\nThe unincorporated community has about 2,000 people. Saturday\u2019s evacuation initially included a sparsely populated rural area of Charleton County. County Administrator Shawn Boatright couldn\u2019t immediately say how many residents might be affected in that area.\nOkefenokee National Wildlife Refuge, Georgia, USA\nFlames escape\nThe wildfire started by lightning April 6 and has since burned more than 150 square miles (389 square kilometers) on public lands. It has burned almost entirely within the Okefenokee refuge boundaries, and some public forestland in north Florida, for the past month, but escaped fire breaks around the refuge Friday and has burned an estimated 1,000 acres on private land.\nEarlier Saturday the St. George emergency manager said the entire town was under a mandatory evacuation order, according to West Mims Public Information Officer Michael Davis.\nThe West Mims fire burns in the Okefenokee National Wildlife Refuge in a photo released in Folkston, Georgia, April 29, 2017.\nDavis said the emergency manager later clarified that the evacuation was not mandatory and that only the people in the homes closest to the fire were asked to leave. The fire is now within 3 miles (5 kilometers) of the community, Davis said. \nSmoke advisory\nThe area, on the Georgia-Florida line, is also under a dense smoke advisory that is expected to effect visibility in the towns of St. George, Callahan, Ratliff and northern Duval County near the Jacksonville International airport.\nA temporary shelter has been opened in the gymnasium at the Folkston Elementary School. Boatright said it would stay open indefinitely. And he encouraged residents to bring whatever personal items they might need for an extended shelter stay.\n",
        "caption": "The West Mims fire burns in the Okefenokee National Wildlife Refuge in a photo released in Folkston, Georgia, April 29, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/7142A400-70AF-40AE-8E21-1235F7A9764B.jpg",
        "id": "27295_3",
        "answer": [
            "lightning "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "fire burn"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_07_3841141",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_07_3841141_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the people in the image do?",
        "context": "Eurozone Bounces Back as Growth Beats US, Britain \u2013 But Is It Sustainable? \nLONDON \u2014\u00a0\nAfter years of stagnation and high unemployment, the eurozone countries appear to be bouncing back with growth in the shared currency bloc, soaring higher than in the United States and Britain.\nThe eurozone grew at an annual rate of 1.7 percent during the first three months of 2017, while the bloc\u2019s trade surplus doubled in March from the previous month. Unemployment is falling, albeit still stubbornly high at 9.6 percent.\n\u201cFor a change, Europe is leading this upswing. It\u2019s partly because of the connection between Europe and China, demand from China. But at the same time, we have also some domestic factors which are positive: there is a genuine improvement in domestic demand, particularly consumption. So the recovery is broad-based, and is more sustainable than in the past,\u201d said analyst Lorenzo Codogno of LC Macro Advisors, also a visiting professor at the London School of Economics.\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nEurozone Bounces Back as Growth Beats US, Britain\nShare this video\n0:02:56\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:56\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 8.5MB\n360p | 13.5MB\n720p | 86.4MB\nSome of the economies that suffered most in the 2008 debt crisis are bouncing back strongest \u2014 the so-called PIGS. Portugal hit a 10-year high with 2.8 percent year-on-year growth. Spain\u2019s economy is forecast to grow 2.7 percent in 2017, and passed a crucial milestone last month as its GDP exceeded pre-2008 crisis levels.\n\u201cWe\u2019re seeing a cyclical recovery because we finally had the European Central Bank operating like a normal central bank and doing quantitative easing,\u201d says analyst John Springford of the Center for European Reform.\nWith inflation in the eurozone hitting the central bank\u2019s target of 1.9 percent, many economists expect the quantitative easing program to keep interest rates low to be wound down later this year. There are fears, however, that turning off the money could hurt the eurozone\u2019s poorest performers.\nItaly\u2019s economy is still in the slow lane with annualized growth of just .8 percent.\n\u201cIt\u2019s growing very slowly, its banks still haven\u2019t been sorted out and there\u2019s a lot of political instability,\u201d says Springford.\nRiot police officers try to avoid a petrol bomb thrown by protester during a nationwide general strike demonstration. in Athens, May 17, 2017.\nMeanwhile, Greece is back in recession and the familiar public sector strikes have paralyzed transport systems this week. Police joined the protesters over proposed cuts to in-work benefits and pensions. The government plans further cuts in return for the next tranche of EU bailout money. A decision by EU finance ministers is due Monday.\nEconomist Codogno says the structural problems underpinning the eurozone have not gone away.\n\u201cThe eurozone cannot survive without additional major reforms, which means more integration, in terms of fiscal and eventually even political.\u201d\nOvershadowing the bounce-back is Brexit. Britain\u2019s decision to leave the EU is weighing on its economy as growth slows and wages fall, says Springford.\nUnion flags displayed on a tourist stall, backdropped by the Houses of Parliament and Elizabeth Tower containing the bell know as Big Ben, in London, Feb. 8, 2017.\n\u201cThe pain is going to be largely borne on the UK side because it\u2019s a smaller economy. The big question is whether the EU and the UK can negotiate a deal which minimizes the economic costs. And we\u2019ve had a very bad start to negotiations with a lot of bad blood.\u201d\nEurope\u2019s politicians hope economic growth can help stop the march of anti-EU populism that saw Britain vote to leave the bloc.\nNew French President Emmanuel Macron is welcomed by German Chancellor Angela Merkel in Berlin, May 15, 2017, during his first foreign trip after his inauguration the day before.\nThe election of pro-EU centrist Emmanuel Macron as French president has reinvigorated the French-German axis that has long been the eurozone\u2019s driving force. Macron\u2019s political honeymoon could be short, with French unions already voicing objections to his proposed reforms.\n",
        "caption": "Riot police officers try to avoid a petrol bomb thrown by protester during a nationwide general strike demonstration. in Athens, May 17, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/70C69273-3A62-451F-8097-E2EF019120DA.jpg",
        "id": "19104_2",
        "answer": [
            "joined the protesters over proposed cuts to in-work benefits and pensions",
            "None",
            "joined the protesters"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Riot police officers",
            "Police"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_19_3855773",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_19_3855773_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Why does the candidate in the center demand a recount of votes",
        "context": "Ecuador to Partially Recount Presidential Vote After Challenge\nEcuador's electoral council late Thursday night approved a partial recount of votes in the recent disputed presidential election, in a bid to highlight what it\nsays was a fair process after the losing conservative candidate said there was fraud.\nThe April 2 election was won by the government's socialist candidate Lenin Moreno in a close contest, rebutting a tide of market-friendly governments that have recently come to power in South America.\nThe recount of the equivalent of 1.2 million votes, which would account for 12 percent of the total votes cast, will take place on Tuesday in public in the capital Quito. The council has not disclosed what sort of ballots would be recounted.\n\"We are going to open the polls ... to show the country the truth. We have nothing to hide,\" said Juan Pablo Pozo, head of the electoral council.\nDespite winning, Moreno's party has also disputed the results, saying he won by a larger margin than the tally showed.\nMoreno won 51.16 percent of valid votes versus 48.84 percent for his opponent Guillermo Lasso, with 99.65 percent of votes counted, according to the electoral council.\nLasso, a 61-year-old former banker, declared himself the winner of the vote before any official announcement had been made. Saying the election results made a \"mockery\" of the Ecuadorean people, he has asked for a full recount.\nThe OPEC country's new president is to be inaugurated on May 24.\n",
        "caption": "Ecuador's opposition candidate Guillermo Lasso (C) walks amidst supporters after presenting a formal objection to the final results of the April 2 ballot and asking for a manual recount of votes, in Quito, Ecuador April 12, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/4C3645DD-38C8-4A59-9195-436894489922.jpg",
        "id": "7710_1",
        "answer": [
            "declared himself the winner of the vote before any official announcement had been made. Saying the election results made a \"mockery\" of the Ecuadorean people, he has asked for a full recount."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Lasso"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_14_3810194",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_14_3810194_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the weapon that caused the damage in the image constructed from?",
        "context": "Assad Defiant as Activists Report Surge in Syrian Government Attacks \nSyrian President Bashar al-Assad is remaining defiant amid widespread accusations his government carried out a deadly chemical attack last week, as monitoring groups say his forces along with Russia have escalated attacks on civilians in a clear challenge to the international community.\nIn his first interview since scores were killed in an April 4 chemical weapons airstrike on Khan Sheikhoun, Assad told the French news agency AFP the incident was a \"fabrication\" to justify a U.S. military strike. \n\"Our impression is that the West, mainly the United States, is hand in glove with the terrorists. They fabricated the whole story in order to have a pretext for the attack, It wasn't an attack because of what happened in khan Sheikhoun. It's one event, its stage one is the play that we saw on the social networking and on TVs, and the propaganda, and the stage two is the military attack,\" he said, adding that his country's forces handed over all of its chemical weapons in 2013.\nAssad said the \"firepower\" of his forces has not been diminished by the April 7 U.S. Cruise missile strike on al Shayrat, the airbase from where Washington says Syrian jets took off from to carry out a sarin gas attack.\nWATCH: Assad on use of chemical weapons in Syria \nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nAssad Says Chemical Attack is '100 Percent Fabrication'\nShare this video\n0:00:40\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:40\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 2.0MB\n360p | 2.8MB\n480p | 14.8MB\nRise in attacks \nIn the week since the attack on Khan Sheikhoun, the Syrian Network for Human Rights says there has been a rise in the use cluster munitions, incendiary weapons and barrel bombs by the regime, resulting in the deaths of at last 98 civilians, including 24 children. It also claims in a report released late Tuesday that toxic-gas grenades were launched by government forces in the Damascus suburb of al Qaboun. There has been on independent confirmation of that report.\n\u201cOn April 7, 2017, around 16:00, Syrian regime forces used two hand grenades loaded with a poison gas on the eastern battlefront of al Qaboun, which injured two fighters from the armed opposition factions,\u201d SNHR says in its report. The group says it cannot confirm what kind of toxic substance may have been used but that the injured fighters \u201cexhibited symptoms such as suffocation, heavy breathing and severe coughing.\u201d\nThe monitoring group, whose reports are used by the United Nations, describes some of the regime\u2019s military operations as deliberately targeting residential areas and facilities, including mosques, rather than just being indiscriminate. It judges that the attacks are partly in retaliation for the April 7 U.S. Cruise missile strike on al Shayrat, the airbase from where Washington says Syrian jets took off from to carry out a Sarin Gas attack on Khan Sheikhoun. That attack left more than 90 civilians dead and hundreds injured, according to activists and first responders.\n\u201cThe Syrian regime will continue to challenge the international community, testing its limits the same way the regime gradually elevated its use of weapons until we reached chemical weapons,\u201d warns Fadel Abdul Ghany, SNHR chairman.\nFour mosques, three schools, four medical facilities and a market were struck by Syrian or Russian warplanes and helicopters from April 4 to April 11, says SNHR. Five attacks saw cluster bombs dropped and half-a-dozen were carried out using incendiary weapons. According to the monitoring group, Syrian government helicopters dropped 125 barrel bombs in Daraa, 23 in Hama, four in Idlib and five apiece in Aleppo and Homs between April 7 to April 11.\nFILE - White House press secretary Sean Spicer speaks during the daily briefing at the White House in Washington.\nWhite House: further intervention possible \nOn Monday, White House spokesman Sean Spicer told reporters in Washington that the Syrian government's use of barrel bombs could prompt further U.S. military intervention. \u201cIf you gas a baby, if you put a barrel bomb into innocent people, I think you will see a response from this president,\" Spicer said at the White House during a daily press briefing.\nHe added: \u201cIf we see this kind of action again, we hold open the possibility of future action.\u201d\nSeveral hours later, though, Spicer appeared to clarify his remarks about barrel bombs \u2014 and not just chemical weapon attacks \u2014 triggering further punitive intervention by the U.S., but added to confusion, saying, \u201cNothing has changed in our posture.\u201d\nFILE - This photo provided by the Syrian anti-government activist group Aleppo Media Center (AMC), shows a Syrian man carrying a girl away from the rubble of a destroyed building after barrel bombs were dropped on the Bab al-Nairab neighborhood in Aleppo,Syria.\nBarrel bombs \nBarrel bombs, cheaply-made improvised containers packed with explosive and metal fragments, have been dropped frequently by Syrian government forces during the course of the six-year-long conflict. This VOA correspondent witnessed the use of barrel-bombs during several trips inside northern Syria in 2013 and 2014. Last year alone nearly 13,000 barrel bombs were dropped from government helicopters, according to monitors and rights groups.\nIn an interview with the BBC in 2015, Assad denied his forces ever dropped barrel bombs. \u201cI know about the army. They use bullets, missiles and bombs. I haven't heard of the army using barrels, or maybe, cooking pots,\" he said.\nOne of the biggest incendiary-bomb attacks came Sunday night with Russian strikes on the rebel-held towns of Latamneh and Saraqeb near Khan Sheikhoun. Video footage purportedly of the attacks were posted by activists online and showed enormous fireballs.\nLaith Ahmed, a rescue worker with the White Helmets in Saraqeb, told reporters: \u201cThe bomb exploded at a height of about 150 meters above the ground, and then the sub-munitions began to fall. At every point one touched the ground, it sent flames in all directions.\u201d\nAnother watchdog, the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, which is based in London but oversees a network of activists on the ground in Syria to gather information, also reported Thursday a surge in Syrian government and Russian military activity with more than 120 airstrikes in the northern countryside of Hama in the past 24 hours.\nThe Observatory claimed government helicopters dropped barrel bombs overnight on the towns of Tayyibat al-Imam and Soran, both off which were targeted in heavy artillery shelling Thursday by regime forces.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - This photo provided by the Syrian anti-government activist group Aleppo Media Center (AMC), shows a Syrian man carrying a girl away from the rubble of a destroyed building after barrel bombs were dropped on the Bab al-Nairab neighborhood in Aleppo,Syria.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/6CF19A4E-06B2-4198-836E-62183CF3C43A.jpg",
        "id": "20386_3",
        "answer": [
            "explosive and metal fragments",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "barrel bombs",
            "Barrel bombs"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_13_3808537",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_13_3808537_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What other items like those in the image are made by the same process?",
        "context": "Economic Report Predicts Rise in Global Counterfeiting, Piracy\nBANGKOK, THAILAND \u2014\u00a0\nThe global trend in counterfeiting and piracy is forecast to increase during the decade with China at the heart of production of fake goods from clothes to electronics, and risky fake medicines and cosmetics.\nBut governments and businesses are looking to challenge the commercial threats posed by counterfeiting with steps to detect fake goods and protect brands and jobs.\nA report commissioned by the International Trademark Association (INTA) and the International Chamber of Commerce, said the global economic value of counterfeiting and piracy could reach $2.3 trillion by 2022. The global value of the counterfeit market in 2015 stood at $1.7 trillion.\nThe February 2017 report, by research firm Frontier Economics, said the wider social, investment and criminal enforcement costs could take the total to $4.2 trillion, leaving at risk about 5.4 million \"legitimate jobs\".\nAnalysts say while counterfeiting and fraud have been a part of commercial life, the quickening pace of fake products has come with the globalization of business.\nPlague on world economy\nA recent report by the U.N. Office on Drugs and Crime says \u201ccounterfeit goods and fraudulent medicines pose a serious risk to public health and safety\u201d.\nThe goods range from automotive supplies, to chemicals and pesticides, consumer electronics, electrical components, food, drink and agricultural products.\nWhile deaths and sickness have been reported from key foods such as baby milk powder in Asia, the full human toll as a result of fake mechanical, food and medicines is unclear.\nChina said to be at center\nThe UNODC and the World Customs Organization estimate 75 percent of counterfeit products seized worldwide in 2010 were manufactured in East Asia, mostly in China.\nFILE - Counterfeit perfumes are displayed at the Customs headquarters in Hong Kong, China, August 6, 2015.\nAustralia-based product security firm, YPB Group executive chairman, John Houston, says the \u201cproblem [of counterfeiting] essentially is in China\u201d.\n\u201cThe Chinese counterfeiter can now copy the best packaging, they actually put holograms on things that the original brand owner doesn\u2019t have a hologram on, to create the aura of authenticity,\u201d Houston said.\n\u201cSo what you need is a traceable, identifiable, authenticable technology in products and you would be absolutely amazed how little there is in the world,\u201d he said.\nThe UNODC says India and China are the largest sources of fraudulent medicines, with China the lead \u201cdeparture point\u201d of nearly 60 percent of counterfeit medical products seized globally.\nBut even as China takes steps to crack down on counterfeit medicines, \u201ckey aspects of production\u201d are likely to move elsewhere, including to North Korea, Myanmar and Vietnam.\nMajor problem\nThe major driver of the sales of counterfeit goods has come through e-commerce and major online distribution channels. In December the United States placed China\u2019s Alibaba Group on a \u2018counterfeit goods watch list\u2019.\nSince then Alibaba, the $270 billion e-commerce powerhouse, led by chief executive Jack Ma, said it was taking steps to crackdown on counterfeit sellers on its network, including a digital ledger system designed to track genuine food products through a supply chain.\nAlibaba also called on China\u2019s authorities to introduce tougher laws, stricter enforcement and stiffer penalties to crackdown on producers of counterfeit goods in China. The company blamed China\u2019s \u201cambiguous counterfeiting laws\u201d that hampered authorities\u2019 ability to build legal cases against counterfeiters.\nSteps by Alibaba, included the taking down of 380 million product listings and the shutdown of 180,000 Taobao stores, and 675 operators as a result of anti-counterfeiting measures.\nCountries fighting back\nGovernments are also taking action against elements in the counterfeiting trade. Thailand regularly carries out high profile raids on counterfeit goods\u2019 suppliers and well publicized destruction of the goods.\nIn Cambodia, where the key health challenge is counterfeit medicines, the Interior Ministry recently said it had closed down over 60 illegal pharmacies, as well measures to curb production of fake currencies, notably U.S. dollars.\nCambodian police officers prepare to destroy counterfeit products at a dump site in Choeung Ek village on the outskirts of Phnom Penh, July 7, 2016.\nIn Vietnam, faced with a \u201ctidal wave\u201d of counterfeit cosmetics flooding the market, the Health Department of Medicine Management suspended the distribution of more than 30 beauty products.\nBusinesses in Vietnam have also complained that fake products from China were costing the firms \u201chundreds of thousands of dollars each year in lost revenue\u201d.\nAnti-counterfeiting measures\nYPB\u2019s Houston said there is increasing demand for technologies to thwart counterfeiting or forgery, especially with issues of cross border migration and terrorism in many parts of the world.\nA report by MarketsandMarkets.com said the value of anti-counterfeiting packaging is set to reach $153.95 billion by 2020, from $82.05 billion in 2015.\nHouston said Asian governments were looking to anti-counterfeiting technology realizing \u201cthe burden and loss of revenue that counterfeit and the black economy place on developing economies.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "A police official checks some 400 counterfeit bags at the Jungbu police station in Seoul, South Korea, June 1, 2016. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B17FB15E-2ABD-43A3-AD78-878D4FFF7848.jpg",
        "id": "28389_1",
        "answer": [
            "clothes to electronics, and risky fake medicines and cosmetics."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "counterfeit"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_27_3783360",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_27_3783360_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the people in the image reach a verdict on?",
        "context": "Trump, New South Korean President Agree to Cooperate Against North Korean Nuclear Threat\nU.S. President Donald Trump and new South Korean President Moon Jae-in agreed in a phone call Wednesday to closely cooperate in dealing with North Korea's nuclear weapons development program.\nSouth Korean officials said that Trump, in the call on Moon's inauguration day, described issues involving Pyongyang's military ambitions as complicated, but ones that could be resolved.\nTrump said the U.S.-South Korean relationship, long a bulwark against North Korean threats, was strong and invited Moon to visit Washington, the South Korean presidential office said.\nFILE - A television screen shows a news program reporting about North Korea's missile firing, at Seoul Train Station in Seoul, South Korea, March 6, 2017.\nThe new South Korean leader, however, has taken a more conciliatory approach toward North Korea than Trump, who has dispatched a naval strike group to the waters off the Korean peninsula as a warning to the North against its nuclear missile development. Trump wants new sanctions against the regime of North Korean leader Kim Jong Un and further isolation for the reclusive communist nation.\nMoon's assumption of power ends nearly a decade of hardline conservative rule in South Korea, with Seoul focused in years past on pressuring North Korea to curb its weapons development.\nMoon, in his inaugural address, said, \"If needed, I will fly directly to Washington. I will go to Beijing and Tokyo. And if conditions are met, I will go to Pyongyang. In order to bring about peace and security on the Korean Peninsula, I will do everything that I can.\"\nFILE - South Korean protesters stage a rally to oppose a plan to deploy the advanced U.S. missile defense system called Terminal High-Altitude Area Defense, or THAAD, near U.S. Embassy in Seoul, South Korea, April 29, 2017.\nThe new South Korean leader has also been reluctant to support the deployment of the U.S. THAAD missile defense system, for which Trump recently demanded $1 billion in added defense costs. China also opposed the advanced weapons system as a threat to the region and has retaliated against South Korea with limits on tourism and imports.\nMoon has played down policy differences with Washington. He has emphasized the importance of the U.S. alliance with South Korea and voiced confidence that Seoul and Washington ultimately want the same thing: to bring North Korea to the negotiating table to peacefully resolve the nuclear threat.\nNorth Korea has yet to comment on Moon's election.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - U.S. President Donald Trump, left, and South Korea President Moon Jae-in are shown in undated photos in this composite image.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D10DF949-8903-4FE6-82CA-DB48BB13634B.jpg",
        "id": "30891_1",
        "answer": [
            "dealing with North Korea's nuclear weapons development program"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "U.S. President Donald Trump and new South Korean President Moon Jae-in"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_10_3846268",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_10_3846268_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where is the tech on the screen in the image going to hit?",
        "context": "Experts: North Korea 'Step' Closer to Striking the Continental US\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nNorth Korea's latest missile launch suggests a major step forward in Kim Jong Un's quest to develop a nuclear tipped intercontinental ballistic missile that could strike the U.S. mainland, analysts say.\nPyongyang claimed on Monday that the missile it fired over the weekend was a \"new ground-to-ground medium long-range strategic ballistic rocket\" capable of carrying \"a large, heavy nuclear warhead.\"\nThe missile, dubbed the Hwasong-12, was launched at a high trajectory on Sunday, reaching an altitude of 2,111.5 kilometers and traveling 787 kilometers before landing in the sea near Russia, the North's official news agency KCNA reported.\n\"The test-fire proved to the full all the technical specifications of the rocket,\" KCNA said. \"It also verified the homing feature of the warhead under the worst re-entry situation and accurate performance of detonation system.\"\nThis image made from video of a news bulletin aired by North Korea's KRT on May 15, 2017, shows what was said to be the launch of the Hwasong-12 missile at an undisclosed location in North Korea.\nTechnical progress?\nSouth Korea's military, however, minimized the Kim regime's claim of technical progress in re-entry technology, which, if successful, allows a warhead to reach its target without burning up while re-entering the atmosphere. The military said that although more analysis is required to verify the North Korean claim, \"we believe the possibility of that is low.\"\nNorth Korea has made no secret of its desire to develop an ICBM capable of delivering a nuclear warhead to the U.S. mainland, but many had believed it was far from mastering the re-entry technology needed for perfecting an ICBM, which uses similar engineering in early flight stages.\nThe Trump administration has made stopping the development of a North Korean ICBM a top priority, and stressed the U.S. would consider military action to take out launching sites and nuclear facilities, if needed.\nJonathan McDowell, an astrophysicist at the Harvard Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, told VOA that \"this is definitely a step toward an ICBM technology, so I find this kind of launch much more concerning than the satellite launches.\"\nAdvanced capabilities\nIf North Koreans had fired the missile at a lower angle, rather than \"almost straight up, \u2026 it would have gone maybe as much as 4,000 kilometers, and that is not technically an intercontinental [ballistic missile], but it's still a longer range\" than any North Korean missile had previously tested.\nMcDowell said the increased velocity and altitude and the range of the launched missile, which appeared to be an improved version of the mid-range Musudan model, indicate that the communist state might have advanced its missile capabilities through its test launches over the years.\nSimilar assessments came from aerospace engineering specialist John Schilling, who wrote on the website of 38 North, a monitoring project based in Washington, that the missile test represents \"a level of performance never before seen from a North Korean missile.\"\nThe test seems to have not only \"demonstrated an intermediate range ballistic missile that may enable the regime to reliably strike the U.S. base at Guam in the Pacific,\" Schilling said, but \"more importantly, may represent a substantial advance to developing an intercontinental ballistic missile.\"\nFILE - South Korea's new President Moon Jae-in speaks at the presidential Blue House in Seoul.\nAn early test for Moon Jae-in \nThe North Korean missile test occurred days after Moon Jae-in, of the liberal Democratic Party of Korea, was sworn in as the president of South Korea, replacing his conservative predecessor Park Geun-hye, who was recently ousted in a corruption scandal. Moon campaigned on a promise to engage North Korea, in contrast to Park, who was bent on cutting all ties to the reclusive regime.\n\"We should understand that just because a liberal president has been elected, it doesn't mean that Pyongyang is going to suddenly stop testing,\" Ken Gause, director of the International Affairs Group at the Center for Naval Analyses, told VOA. \"This launch could be designed to see how Moon Jae-in reacts.\"\nKim is testing Moon to determine whether he is going to interact with the U.S. and China and seek refuge in the alliance as part of a united front against North Korea, or if he is going to reach out to Pyongyang in an effort to seek an inter-Korean solution, Gause said. \"Knowing these answers will help Kim Jong Un calibrate his foreign policy toward the new administration in Seoul.\"\nA South Korean army soldier walks by a TV news program showing a file image of missiles being test-launched by North Korea, at the Seoul Railway Station in Seoul, South Korea, May 14, 2017.\nTest could lead to talks \nAlan Romberg, director of the East Asia Program at the Stimson Center, reads Pyongyang's launch of the latest missile as a gesture to encourage South Korea's newly elected president to contact the regime.\n\"North Korea does not believe that adopting soft or accommodating positions is the best way of inducing dialogue, but rather sees demonstrations of strength as most likely to eventually produce the negotiated outcomes it wants,\" Romberg said in an email to VOA.\nIn response to Sunday's launch, Moon strongly condemned North Korea, saying there still remains the possibility of a productive inter-Korean dialogue but that the South would deal rigorously with any such provocation.\nJenny Lee contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "A South Korean army soldier walks by a TV news program showing a file image of missiles being test-launched by North Korea, at the Seoul Railway Station in Seoul, South Korea, May 14, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/8EB80F77-6B50-4D89-BF59-F4CA6A4802BA.jpg",
        "id": "22467_4",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "U.S. mainland",
            "the U.S. mainland"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "missiles",
            "missile"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_15_3852445",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_15_3852445_4"
    },
    {
        "question": "What job is the person in the image fulfilling?",
        "context": "Syria Peace Talks Get Off to Slow Start in Kazakhstan\nASTANA \u2014\u00a0\nOfficials at peace talks between the Syrian government and rebel groups say there was no major breakthrough at Monday's talks, but negotiations will continue Tuesday.\nOfficials say the talks in Kazakhstan's capital, backed by Russia and Turkey, do not include direct negotiations, but say the two sides are indirectly communicating through mediators.\nThe negotiations in Astana are focusing on cementing a nation-wide cease-fire mediated by Russia, Iran and Turkey in December that has largely held. \nThis undated handout photo released, Jan. 2, 2017, by the Russian Defense Ministry claims to show Russian Military engineers operating in Aleppo, Syria.\nPrior peace talks, including the last negotiations held a year ago, have made little progress in bringing an end to the conflict that began in March 2011.\n\"It is our most sincere desire that these talks will bring light at the end of the tunnel for the Syrian crisis,\" said Kazakhstan's Foreign Minister Kairat Abdrakhmanov as he opened the talks. \"It is now upon each of us to make the real breakthrough that Syrian people rightfully deserve.\"\nAfter the first of several rounds of Monday's meetings, Syria's U.N. Ambassador Bashar Jaafari accused the opposition of \"not acting responsibly.\"\nHe criticized allegations that Syrian military operations in the Wadi Barada area outside of Damascus were in violation of the cease-fire. Syria has said militants from the group formerly known as the Nusra Front are involved in the fighting there, which has affected the water supply in the Syrian capital. Jaafari said because the group is not covered by the cease-fire, any defense of them \"means you are on the wrong side.\"\nSyria's main rebel groups suspended their participation in the run-up to the talks earlier this month in protest of what they said were frequent violations of the cease-fire.\nThe chief rebel negotiator, Mohammad Alloush, who is participating in the talks, said the rebels \"are men of peace,\" and negotiations on a political resolution to the conflict can only happen when the cease-fire is a \"reality on the ground.\"\nMohammad Alloush (C), the head of the Syrian opposition delegation, attends Syria peace talks in Astana, Kazakhstan, Jan. 23, 2017.\nRebels partially conquered & divided\nRussia\u2019s Interfax news agency reported Syria\u2019s government delegation, led by its ambassador to the United Nations, Bashar Ja\u2019afari, was ready for direct talks with the Syrian opposition in Astana. But some in the opposition expressed concerns Damascus is looking to negotiate a political solution with only the Turkey-backed opposition in attendance. \nThe main rebel umbrella group in previous negotiations, the High Negotiations Committee, was not invited to Astana, but hopes the meeting will be a step forward to peace talks in Geneva February 8. \nU.N. Special Envoy on Syria Staffan de Mistura is also participating in the talks, which are expected to end Tuesday.\nOlga Pavlova contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "Mohammad Alloush (C), the head of the Syrian opposition delegation, attends Syria peace talks in Astana, Kazakhstan, Jan. 23, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/C2CF9D5B-C81C-42E4-849E-816C7C69B737.jpg",
        "id": "16643_3",
        "answer": [
            "head of the Syrian opposition delegation",
            "chief rebel negotiator"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Mohammad Alloush"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_22_3686978",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_22_3686978_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "Why do some people not approve of the new job that the woman waving in the image has?",
        "context": "Hong Kong\u2019s New Chief Exec Pledges to Unite a Divided Society\nHong Kong has selected Carrie Lam to be the city's first-ever female chief executive, sealing an election that many saw as a foregone conclusion and not a democratic race.\nLam previously served as Hong Kong's chief secretary for administration and was China\u2019s preferred candidate in the race.\nWhile she lagged behind in public opinion polls, she outperformed her two male rivals \u2014 former finance secretary John Tsang and retired judge Woo Kwok-hing \u2014 claiming 777 votes. That is about 70 percent of nearly 1,200 votes cast by the city\u2019s electoral committee, a body that is stacked with Beijing loyalists.\nCarrie Lam waves after she won the election for Hong Kong's next Chief Executive as Woo Kwok-hing stands next to her in Hong Kong, March 26, 2017.\nIn her victory speech, she looked to put the focus back on Hong Kong, which she called \"our home,\" and away from China's looming presence, pledging to build a better society by uniting its citizens and easing their frustrations.\nPro-democracy activists in this former British colony, however, have refused to acknowledge Lam\u2019s victory in the election, given that the city's 7 million citizens were not allowed to participate in the election and because Lam was chosen from a \u201csmall-circle\u201d of Hong Kong's pro-Beijing elite.\nThey have also vowed to boycott her future rule if she bows to the will of Beijing and puts China's interests ahead of the city\u2019s.\nFirst female leader\nAfter being elected the city\u2019s first female leader, Lam - accompanied by her husband, son and supporters - told a news conference that she understands Hong Kongers have suffered from serious divisiveness and accumulated lots of frustrations.\nShe pledged to begin a new chapter by easing the minds of her people, including those of her opponents.\n\u201cMy priority will be to heal the divide and to ease these frustrations and to unite our society to move forward,\u201d Lam said.\nThe chief executive-elect also said she would do her utmost to uphold both Hong Kong's \"core values\" and the \"one country, two systems\" model.\n\"Values such as inclusiveness, freedom of the press and of speech, respect for human rights and systems which have taken generations to establish such as the independent judiciary, rule of law and clean government are matters that we Hong Kong people find precious and are proud of,\" she said.\nProtestor scuffles\nWhile the votes were being cast, there were a number of rallies staged outside the voting venue either in support of Lam or in opposition of what protesters said was a rigged election.\nThere were also some scuffles between pro-democracy protestors and the police.\nThe anti-Lam protesters denounced Beijing\u2019s \u201cinterference\u201d amid widespread reports of lobbying of the votes to back Lam, rather than the more popular and conciliatory reformer Tsang.\nThey demanded a free election by universal suffrage.\nLeading one of the protesting parades, pan-democrat legislator Nathan Law called for greater democracy, which he said he hopes will allow the city\u2019s 7 million residents to have a say in the choice of their top leader.\nAs an electoral committee member, Law said he cast a blank ballot in Sunday\u2019s vote, which he described as a \u201cselection\u201d rather than an election.\n\"The Beijing government has the final say on who is going to be appointed by the Beijing government. That is the reason why I cast a blank vote. Because as long as it is a very closed system, a selection, you should not add legitimacy to the system,\" Law told reporters.\nNo confidence\nAt another pro-democracy rally, Takchi Tam, the vice president of People Power \u2014 a progressive democratic party in Hong Kong \u2014 pledged to soon organize a protest outside China's representative office in Hong Kong to express the party's disagreement with what it argues is the communist rulers\u2019 meddling in the election.\nTam said that most Hong Kong citizens have no confidence in Lam and her ability to balance the interests of the public and the rulers in Beijing.\n\u201cI don\u2019t think she will keep the balance. I think she will betray Hong Kong people and sell Hong Kong people, sell Hong Kong people\u2019s land, sell Hong Kong people\u2019s benefits to the Chinese communist government,\u201d Tam told VOA.\nTam expressed worries that, under Lam\u2019s rule, the \u2018one country, two systems\u2019 formula enacted by China will soon be turned into \u2018one country, one system.\u2019\nContinued stability\nLam\u2019s supporters, however, disagreed.\nIvan Tsim threw his support behind Lam, who he said will lead the city into a better future with continued stability and economic prosperity, especially when the new leader has addressed his two major policy concerns.\n\u201cI\u2019m more concerned [about] the education and housing, these are two big issues for Hong Kongnese,\u201d Ivan Tsim told VOA.\nLam has promised a $644 million (HK$5 billion) budget for education, and to put greater efforts into increasing land and housing supplies as well as diversifying the city\u2019s economic development.\nDefeat for public opinions\nAlthough Lam\u2019s victory came as no surprise, some fear the electoral results have meant a defeat for the city\u2019s public opinions and future democratization.\nOthers said it also meant Beijing would never loosen its grip on Hong Kong.\n\u201cPolitically, as long as [Chinese president] Xi Jinping, the real hardliner, continues to govern China, he will continue to tighten his grip on Hong Kong and stop Hong Kong from democratizing,\u201d Dixon Sing, associate professor of the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology's social science division, told VOA.\n",
        "caption": "Carrie Lam waves after she won the election for Hong Kong's next Chief Executive as Woo Kwok-hing stands next to her in Hong Kong, March 26, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/721AB639-0C58-46BB-A204-A746A3413030.jpg",
        "id": "27352_1",
        "answer": [
            "the city's 7 million citizens were not allowed to participate in the election and because Lam was chosen from a \u201csmall-circle\u201d of Hong Kong's pro-Beijing elite"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Lam"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_26_3782270",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_26_3782270_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the person in the image support?",
        "context": "Lawmakers Renew Push for Drilling in Alaska Wildlife Refuge\nANCHORAGE, ALASKA \u2014\u00a0\nFormer U.S. Sen. Frank Murkowski in 2001 gave a speech urging colleagues to approve oil drilling in America's largest wildlife refuge. The Alaska Republican held up a blank sheet of paper to illustrate his point.\nThe field of white, he said, was all you could see each winter on the coastal plain of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, implying that such a barren landscape would not be harmed by oil rigs.\nSixteen years later, Murkowski's daughter is trying again. U.S. Sen. Lisa Murkowski is sponsoring legislation to open the refuge that takes up Alaska's northeast corner and is larger than West Virginia and Connecticut combined. With a Republican Congress and president, she's hopeful that the timing is right.\n\"If you ask me,\" she told The Associated Press by phone from Washington, D.C., \"it's always been a good time to open it.\"\nFILE - Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee Chair Sen. Lisa Murkowski, R-Alaska, voices her opposition after President Barack Obama waded into a decades-long fight over drilling in Alaska's Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, in Washington, Jan. 27, 2015.\nThe coastal plain is not the apex of Alaska scenery, but it's a nursery for polar bears, muskoxen and the vast Porcupine Caribou Herd. Migratory birds from all 50 states nest there. Few people visit, but the coastal plain is part of a refuge that's the very definition of wilderness: no roads, no campgrounds, not even any established trails. Environmental groups are planning strategies to keep drill rigs out.\n\"There are some places that are just too sacred to drill,\" said Alli Harvey, a Sierra Club campaigner in Anchorage.\nLegislation signed by President Dwight Eisenhower in 1960 created the Arctic National Wildlife \"Range.\" Congress in 1980 changed the name, expanded the refuge to 30,136 square miles and declared much of it wilderness.\nHowever, recognizing the potential for oil, Congress also declared that 2,300 square miles of Beaufort Sea coastal plain were to be studied for natural resources. Another act of Congress can open it to drilling.\nAbout the debate\nThe Arctic refuge has since been one of Alaska's great development-versus-environment issues, causing a stalemate that has lasted more than 36 years.\nCongress approved drilling in 1995, but President Bill Clinton vetoed it. Drilling has been a non-issue for the past eight years. President Barack Obama instead urged Congress to formally designate the coastal plain as wilderness.\nMembers of the Gwich'in Steering Committee, an Alaska Native organization tied to U.S. and Canadian villages south and east of the refuge, were grateful. They say their subsistence lifestyle, and identity, are closely tied to a healthy Porcupine Caribou Herd, which uses the coastal plain for calving.\nFILE - Sea ice floats within Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska, undated handout photo from U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.\n\"This place is so special,\" said Bernadette Demientieff, executive director. \"We have to keep some places as is. We don't need to be tearing into everything.\"\nMost Alaskans feel otherwise. Politicians of all stripes jeopardize their re-election chances if they don't endorse \"opening ANWR.\"\nThe prospect is just 60 miles from the trans-Alaska pipeline, which has plenty of space for moving more oil toward refineries. The pipeline currently operates at around one-quarter capacity because production from Alaska's major oil fields has declined since the late 1980s. Alaska state government, which runs on oil revenue, is blowing through savings, hit hard by the double-whammy of lower production and low oil prices.\nThe U.S. Geological Survey estimates the coastal plain of the refuge holds 10.4 billion barrels of oil, and possibly as much as 16 billion barrels. It's North America's greatest prospect for conventional oil production, according to Sen. Lisa Murkowski.\nAbout the bill\nThe bill sponsored by Murkowski and other Alaska congressional delegates would limit infrastructure \u2014 drilling pads, roads and pipelines \u2014 to 2,000 acres. Drilling advocates say restrictions already in place will protect caribou. No infrastructure would be allowed in areas crucial to caribou survival, such as the ice fields and uplands where caribou retreat to escape blood-sucking insects.\nFILE - In this 2007 file photo, an oil transit pipeline runs across the tundra to flow station at the Prudhoe Bay oil field on Alaska's North Slope.\nAlaska already has demonstrated at other North Slope oil fields that development and caribou can co-exist, Murkowski said. Extended-reach drilling, reaching oil from a pad nearly 8 miles away, is now possible.\n\"Think about how far the technologies that we have put in place have taken us, from the early days of Prudhoe and how we operated,\" she said. \"What is coming about now on the North Slope in terms of how we access the resource \u2014 it's a world apart.\"\nBut environmentalists say the 2,000-acre figure is misleading. It's akin to assessing the amount of space in a room affected by a table by measuring only the area where the legs touch the floor, said Kristen Miller, conservation director for the Alaska Wilderness League. Gravel mining, seismic testing and air pollution will take a toll, she said. Oil is spread across the entire coastal plain, she said, and infrastructure will be too.\n\"You will have a spider web of pipelines, roads and everything else it takes to support these intensive activities,\" Miller said.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee Chair Sen. Lisa Murkowski, R-Alaska, voices her opposition after President Barack Obama waded into a decades-long fight over drilling in Alaska's Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, in Washington, Jan. 27, 2015.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/6D4148D5-3C18-44D4-9EF9-003B08FB4B06.jpg",
        "id": "5154_2",
        "answer": [
            "legislation to open the refuge",
            "Legislation to open the refuge that takes up Alaska's northeast corner and is larger than West Virginia and Connecticut combined"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Lisa Murkowski"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_23_3737389",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_23_3737389_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the local name for the place the person in the image works?",
        "context": "North Korea Defector: Keep Pressure on Kim to Contain Nuclear Ambitions\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nThe only way to contain North Korea\u2019s nuclear ambitions is to eliminate the Kim Jong Un regime, the high-level North Korean diplomat who defected to South Korea last year told VOA, suggesting the U.S. should continue deploying pressure tactics against Pyongyang.\nAs multiple nuclear and missile tests have taken place since Kim succeeded his father, Kim Jong Il, in 2011, the U.S. and South Korea have been ratcheting up pressure against North Korea, calling for a commitment to denuclearization before the resumption of any dialogue. This seems to still be the position of the Trump administration, which is reviewing \u201call options,\u201d including U.S. military intervention against the North.\nUS Secretary of State Rex Tillerson speaks as South Korean Foreign Minister Yun Byung-se looks on during a press conference in Seoul, March 17, 2017.\n\u201cNorth Korea must understand that the only path to a secure, economically prosperous future is to abandon its development of nuclear weapons, ballistic missiles and other weapons of mass destruction,\u201d said U.S. State Secretary Rex Tillerson in Seoul on Friday during his first official Asia trip.\nKim, however, has been trying to \u201cbreak the formula\u201d of securing a commitment to abandon his nuclear weapons program for any type of U.S. outreach, defector Thae Yong Ho, Pyongyang\u2019s former deputy ambassador in London, told VOA. \nAccording to Thae, Kim is urging adversaries to halt their annual joint military drills and lift sanctions on North Korea in return for a suspension of its nuclear and missile programs. Such compromises will serve only to legitimize North Korea as a nuclear power, Thae added.\n'Compromises only serve Kim\u2019\n\u201cIf we recognize the North as a nuclear state, we are providing clear justification for its nuclear and missile tests and admitting its claim that it is developing a nuclear arsenal as a result of external threats [from the U.S. and South Korea],\u201d explained the diplomat, who defected to Seoul with his family in August 2016. \n\u201cKim Jong Un will never give up the nuclear program. As long as Kim Jong Un\u2019s regime is in place, there is no solution for [the North Korean nuclear issue] and any kind of compromises would only serve Kim,\u201d Thae added.\nPyongyang is inching closer to a regime collapse as it attempts to conduct increasingly more powerful nuclear tests, the former envoy said.\nThe Punggye-ri nuclear test facility in northeast North Korea sits on a swath of land that connects the capital, Pyongyang, to North Hamgyong Province on the border with China. Any failed nuclear test in the area could potentially cause two disasters, Thae said. One would be large-scale environmental contamination, affecting all of North Korea. The other would be what China has long feared \u2014 a flood of refugees crossing the Yalu River.\nKim\u2019s downfall also could come from the growth of a market economy within North Korea, said Thae, who is now an analyst at the Institute for National Security Strategy, a research organization affiliated with South Korea\u2019s National Intelligence Service.\nFILE - A North Korean woman stands behind the counter at a souvenir shop in Rajin, North Korea, inside the Rason Special Economic Zone. North Korea recently laid out new laws to facilitate foreign tourism and investment.\nImpact of semi-legal markets\nThae told VOA he believes the continued expansion of jangmadang, North Korea\u2019s semi-legal markets where individuals buy and sell goods they have produced themselves or imported from China, can prompt disillusionment among the North Korean people.\n\u201cNorth Korea is changing in a way that its people no longer rely on the state and the leader for their survival, but rather on themselves,\u201d Thae said. \u201cIf this process continues, the country will reach a tipping point where the people begin to stand up for not just their economic rights, but also their political rights.\u201d\nIn the same vein, VOA and other outside media play a vital role in helping the North Koreans see the reality of the reclusive regime, under which a ruler is deified and acts of inhumanity, repression and corruption are rampant, Thae said.\nWhile he was the deputy head of the North Korean Embassy in London, Thae said he visited VOA\u2019s Korean Service website \u201calmost every day\u201d and that North Korea\u2019s Foreign Ministry also monitors VOA and other media outlets such as Japan\u2019s state broadcaster NHK every day.\n\u201cThe North Korean regime pays great attention on the content of VOA,\u201d said Thae, who listened to the Korean language broadcasts before he defected. \u201cSo I think it\u2019s very important the VOA further strengthens its activities.\u201d\nPark Byungyong and Brian Padden in Seoul contributed to this report, which originated with the VOA Korean Service.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A North Korean woman stands behind the counter at a souvenir shop in Rajin, North Korea, inside the Rason Special Economic Zone. North Korea recently laid out new laws to facilitate foreign tourism and investment.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/E15B35A7-FFC4-409B-B85A-91FB66A48B7F.jpg",
        "id": "4267_3",
        "answer": [
            "jangmadang"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "North Korea"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_20_3774528",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_20_3774528_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What nations is the big vehicle in the image helping?",
        "context": "US Strike on North Korea Could Put Seoul in Jeopardy\nSEOUL \u2014\u00a0\nThousands of North Korean artillery shells raining down on Seoul. Hundreds of tons of high explosives detonating in the densely populated South Korean capital. Missile strikes as far away as Japan and the U.S. territory of Guam.\nThese are just some of the possible consequences U.S. and South Korean military planners must take into account as they consider a pre-emptive strike to halt Pyongyang's steady advances toward developing an offensive nuclear capability.\nU.S. President Donald Trump's administration has repeatedly said it is finished with its predecessor's policy of \u201cstrategic patience\u201d toward North Korea, suggesting the possibility of military action to prevent the North from developing a nuclear tipped intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) that could reach the U.S. mainland.\nAdding military muscle to the rhetoric, a U.S. submarine designed to carry 150 Tomahawk cruise missiles entered a South Korean port on Tuesday. The USS Carl Vinson aircraft carrier group is also heading to the region and conducting naval exercises with Japan and South Korea. And the United States this week began to move part of the THAAD missile defense system to its deployment site 250 kilometers south of Seoul.\nRain of fire\nBut analysts say there are high risks associated with any U.S. first strike. A surgical U.S. missile strike to take out one or multiple nuclear or missile sites would likely not be sufficient to destroy or degrade North Korea\u2019s nuclear and ballistic missile arsenals, which are reportedly in numerous fortified underground sites across the country.\nBut a U.S. preventive strike would almost certainly trigger an immediate North Korean retaliation against South Korea.\n\u201cIt might involve artillery attacks on Seoul or elsewhere along the demilitarized zone [DMZ.] It might involve covert operations, but they have several levels of escalation to go before they get to nuclear or even chemical weapons,\u201d said John Schilling, a missile technology specialist with 38 North, a North Korea monitoring website run by Johns Hopkins University's School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS) in Washington.\nNorth Korea has more than 21,000 artillery weapons, positioned mostly along the inter-Korean border, that could put in jeopardy the lives of 25 million people that live in and around Seoul, the South Korean capital located 56 kilometers south of the border.\nAn assessment of North Korean military capabilities by Strafor, an intelligence analysis organization in Texas, notes the North's artillery arsenal includes 300mm multiple rocket launcher systems that can \u201crain fire across\u201d Seoul and beyond. \u201cA single volley,\u201d a Strafor report said, \u201ccould deliver more than 350 metric tons of explosives across the South Korean capital, roughly the same amount of ordnance dropped by 11 B-52 bombers.\u201d\nFILE - Artillery pieces are seen being fired during a military drill at an unknown location, in this undated photo released by North Korea's Korean Central News Agency (KCNA) on March 25, 2016.\nNuclear missiles\nNorth Korea has more than one thousand ballistic missiles that could strike across South Korea, Japan and possibly as far away as U.S. military bases in Guam. \nWhile the North has not yet demonstrated it can successfully mount a miniaturized nuclear warhead on a missile, U.S. and South Korean officials have said they believe Pyongyang has a nuclear Nodong missile that can fire a one ton warhead a distance of up to two thousand kilometers, which would put all of South Korea, most of Japan and parts of Russia and China in range.\n\u201cI think the majority of people now believe they can put a warhead on top of a missile that can hit targets in Northeast Asia. But when you get to the much longer range they need, such as hitting the United States, I think, we don\u2019t know for sure. But most people would believe that it is a work in progress,\u201d said Joel Wit, the co-founder of 38 North and a senior fellow at the U.S.-Korea Institute at SAIS.\nIn addition to the 10 to 20 nuclear warheads North Korea is believed to have, its missiles could also be armed with deadly chemical weapons from suspected stockpiles of sarin nerve gas.\nA Nodong is a single stage liquid fuel rocket based on scud missiles developed by the former Soviet Union. Some of North Korea\u2019s most recent tests were solid fuel Musudan missiles that have an estimated maximum range of three thousand kilometers, which could potentially reach targets in Japan and as far away as U.S. military bases in Guam. If left unchecked, analysts say, North Korea is on track to develop an ICBM by 2020 that could reach the U.S. mainland. Pyongyang is also developing a submarine launch ballistic missile (SLBM) capability. \nThe more than 28,000 U.S. forces in Korea and 50,000 troops in Japan would also be possible targets for any North Korea retaliatory strikes.\nAnalysts say any North Korean counter strike would draw a quick response from the United States, South Korea and Japan that could further escalate the conflict, draw in China, and lead to a second Korean war.\nYoumi Kim contributed to this report\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A U.S. Navy's F/A-18 Super Hornet fighter approaches the deck of the Nimitz-class aircraft carrier USS Carl Vinson during the annual joint military exercise between South Korea and the United States, March 14, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/FAA6967F-0D5E-44E2-A520-26D463FE99E0.jpg",
        "id": "23143_1",
        "answer": [
            "Japan and South Korea"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "USS Carl Vinson"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_26_3826065",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_26_3826065_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the intention of the front-facing man in the image?",
        "context": "US Condemns Russia's Arrest of Opposition Leader, Hundreds of Protesters\nMOSCOW \u2014\u00a0\nThe United States has \"strongly condemned\" the detention of hundreds of protesters throughout Russia Sunday, including the country's opposition leader, Alexei Navalny.\nTens of thousands of Russians demonstrated in cities across the country in support of a call by Navalny for accountability among Russia's elite.\nOVD-Info, an organization that monitors Russian political repression, said on its website that more than 1,000 people were arrested in the Moscow demonstrations alone.\nLaw enforcement officers gather as they block opposition supporters in Moscow, Russia, March 26, 2017.\nThat number has not been independently confirmed and state news agency TASS cited Moscow police as saying they made about 500 arrests, including Navalny.\nHe was detained while walking from a subway station to join the rally at Moscow's iconic Pushkin Square.\nReports from the scene say police put him in a truck that was surrounded by hundreds of protesters. The crowd briefly tried to block it from driving off, shouting \"Shame!\" and \"Let him out!\"\n\"Guys, I am all right, go on along Tverskaya,\" Navalny tweeted from the van, referring to Moscow's main central street.\nRussian opposition leader Alexei Navalny is escorted upon his arrival for a hearing after being detained at the protest against corruption, at the Tverskoi court in Moscow, Russia, March 27, 2017.\n\"Detaining peaceful protesters, human rights observers, and journalists is an affront to core democratic values,\" acting U.S. State Department spokesman Mark Toner said in a statement.\nHe said the U.S. is \"troubled\" by the arrest of Navalny, who has announced plans to run for president in the 2018 election.\nThe protests appear to be the largest coordinated outpouring of dissatisfaction since the massive 2011-2012 demonstrations following a fraud-tainted parliamentary election.\n\"This is an important event! We came here to express our position as citizens,\" said one protester who just gave her first name as Alina. \"We came to remain citizens of our country.\"\nA detained woman looks out of a police bus in downtown Moscow, Russia, March 26, 2017. Russia's leading opposition figure Alexei Navalny and his supporters aim to hold anti-corruption demonstrations throughout Russia.\n\"By my presence here, I stand against the corruption of the incumbent power,\" said another protester who only gave his first name as Maxim. \"The authorities do not feel like talking to their people, they communicate only through force-applying methods.\" \nNavalny, a Kremlin critic, called the demonstrations after his Foundation for Fighting Corruption released a detailed report earlier this month accusing Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev of amassing a collection of mansions, yachts and vineyards through a shadowy network of non-profit organizations.\nThe report has been viewed over 11 million times on YouTube.\nLaw enforcement officers detain an opposition supporter during a rally in Moscow, Russia, March 26, 2017.\nThere was scant coverage of the demonstrations on Russia's official media. A short report on TASS said a police officer was injured during an \"unauthorized\" rally in Moscow.\nNavalny said on his official website that 99 Russian cities planned to protest, but that in 72 of them local authorities did not give permission.\nNavalny has been rallying supporters in major Russian cities in recent weeks.\n",
        "caption": "Russian opposition leader Alexei Navalny is escorted upon his arrival for a hearing after being detained at the protest against corruption, at the Tverskoi court in Moscow, Russia, March 27, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/660C3319-34F2-4BC3-99A9-F4ACBF13EB7D.jpg",
        "id": "22234_2",
        "answer": [
            "to run for president in the 2018 election"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Navalny"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_27_3783190",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_27_3783190_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What was the person on the right of the image accused of doing?",
        "context": "Anti-Vietnam Fears Stoked Ahead of Cambodia Election\nPHNOM PENH \u2014\u00a0\nCambodia's long-standing fear of Vietnam can sometimes appear to be borderline irrational and allegations of land grabbing, war-mongering, even contaminated food exports \u2014 alongside abusive insults \u2014 are often leveled at the eastern neighbors. That will only intensify as the commune elections get closer this year.\nMuch of the blame for whipping-up the near-hysteria over Vietnam has been directed at recently retired opposition leader Sam Rainsy and his successor Kem Sokha, who have stood to benefit politically by playing on the long-standing enmity.\nFILE - Cambodian opposition leader Sam Rainsy delivers a speech to members of the Cambodia National Rescue Party (CNRP) at a hotel in metro Manila, Philippines, June 29, 2016.\nIt paid dividends in 2013, when the Cambodian National Rescue Party (CNRP) performed well at general elections, sharply reducing the number of seats held by the long-ruling Cambodian Peoples Party (CPP) in the National Assembly. Neither party responded to VOA\u2019s request for comment for this story.\n\u201cThe strategy that politicians use to gain popularity, by condemning Vietnam over invasions here and using insulting words is just not right,\u201d said Muoy Piseth, a spokesman for the Federation of Cambodian Intellectuals and Students.\nHe added that as a result, ridiculous levels of hate are being passed from one generation to the next.\nFear and loathing\nReal or not, those fears are a factor in Chbar Ampov, a district in Phnom Penh with the highest concentration of ethnic Vietnamese in the capital.\nHere it is difficult to distinguish between Khmers and Vietnamese because most people speak Khmer fluently, dress Khmer and have adopted Khmer culture.\nDespite their assimilation, Chea Ny, a middle aged street drink seller, said she generally dislikes Vietnam and claims most who live here are illegal immigrants who sneak across the border on boats and venture up the Mekong River to Phnom Penh looking for work.\n\u201cI hate them. I hate them for messing around in our land. They steal our jobs and the government is doing nothing about it,\u201d she said, at times using a derogatory Khmer word used to describe Vietnamese.\nFear mongering often centers around the Vietnamese invasion of Cambodia in late 1978 and Hanoi's decade-long occupation.\nFor some that was the culmination of ambitions espoused by Vietnamese communist leader Ho Chi Minh, who wanted to rule over all the former French colonies as an Indochina federation, inclusive of Cambodia, Laos, North and South Vietnam.\nBut for others it was Hanoi that ended Pol Pot's reign of terror and later installed Hun Sen as prime minister, leaving him open to opposition accusations of running a Vietnamese puppet government.\nSocial media has also had an impact, with home made videos purportedly showing toxic levels of chemicals and pesticides being used on Vietnamese grown vegetables destined for the Cambodian market, alongside erroneous claims that the neighbors are trying to kill Khmers.\n\u201cPeople know about this through Facebook. There are clips showing how they inject chemicals into chickens, vegetables and lobsters,\u201d Muoy Piseth said in a reference to fake news.\n\u201cOur people worry about food, they think there are new methods being used to harm Cambodians through chemically laced foods that are imported without proper checks by the authorities.\u201d\nIn response, food importers have undertaken their own marketing strategies, including extensive advertising in national newspapers, to allay consumer fears over food safety.\nPending polls\nIt's rich fodder for the CNRP to exploit at commune elections, to be held on June 4. It will also serve as a precursor for the national poll to be held in July next year, with Hun Sen expected to be busy tamping down allegations of Vietnamese interference.\nDuring the 2013 election, CNRP supporters targeted ethnic Vietnamese voters. Calling themselves \u201celection observers for free and fair elections\u201d they were caught attempting to block Vietnamese from casting their ballots.\nThe border, where Sam Rainsy has accused Hanoi of encroaching into Cambodian territory, is a flashpoint. Land grabbing by Vietnamese companies is a genuine issue that has been highlighted by NGOs like Global Witness.\nAnalysts said anti-Vietnamese sentiment also plays well with the youth vote, who are expected to figure prominently at the polls. Two decades of peace has spawned a baby boom, with 70 percent of the population under the age of 30 and they backed the CNRP four years ago.\nBut Muoy Piseth is urging a more sensible approach, noting Cambodia has obligations as a member of the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) and can ill-afford such discrimination which would make it impossible for Kem Sokha to deal with Hanoi if his party wins at next year's election.\nFILE - Hun Sen, Prime Minister of Cambodia listens to U.S. President Barack Obama speak during a 10-nation Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) summit in Rancho Mirage, California, Feb. 15, 2016.\nHis sentiments were echoed by Mory Sar, Vice President of the Cambodian Youth Network who warned racism was unacceptable in a democracy and a violation of human rights.\n\u201cIf the political message is to encourage Cambodian citizens and youth to be too nationalistic, then it will have a negative impact. What we are concerned with is that if youth becomes racist then this can then lead to violence between the two nations,\u201d he said.\nHe said the CNRP had capitalized on anti-Vietnamese sentiment with its agenda but it had not gained the full support of the public and has been sharply criticized by the international community for its political message, which is pushing racism.\n\u201cFor me, what the opposition should do is to change their strategy from an extended racist policy to a constructive plan that helps to solve national issues,\u201d he said.\nHe said it was difficult to say how the two main political parties will fare at the June polls and national elections next year because there is a lack of clear, comprehensive research into voting intentions nor are there any opinion polls.\n\u201cWe will wait and see their election campaigns, to see whose got the best policies that can solve national problems. Cambodia is a much more mature political society these days and people will think clearly before deciding who to vote for,\u201d he said.\nLuke Hunt contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen, center right, and his Vietnamese counterpart Nguyen Xuan Phuc, center left, review an honor guard in Hanoi, Dec. 20, 2016. Hun Sen was in Vietnam for a two-day visit aimed at boosting relations between the two Southeast Asian neighbors. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/EC7019A1-983E-4D57-9E61-D4BDB53CB1E5.jpg",
        "id": "30771_1",
        "answer": [
            "running a Vietnamese puppet government."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Hun Sen"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_20_3818107",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_20_3818107_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "How is the person's country in the image shown as?",
        "context": "Kremlin's Sputnik Radio to Broadcast 'Alternative News' in Washington\nRussian state-funded Sputnik Radio has started its first broadcasts in the Washington, D.C., area, in an effort to reach more Americans with what it calls \"alternative news.\" \nSputnik, which says it gives voice to minority views outside mainstream media and supports an anti-establishment agenda, broadcasts on the 105.5 W288BS frequency.\nCritics say Sputnik functions as part of a Kremlin propaganda machine aimed at undermining Western institutions.\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nKremlin\u2019s Sputnik Radio to Broadcast 'Alternative News' in Washington\nShare this video\n0:02:38\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:38\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 7.4MB\n360p | 10.8MB\n720p | 68.8MB\n1080p | 47.2MB\nSputnik Radio staffers say its broadcasts into the Washington area will allow Americans in the nation's capital to listen to them and not just to what is being said about them.\n\"People heard a lot about us. Unfortunately, they could not really listen to us,\" said Sputnik bureau chief Mindia Gavasheli. \"And, people who were reporting about us quite often wouldn't even bother to listen to us and present how they see us, present what we do, accurately.\" \nSputnik's Washington bureau opened its doors to the news media this week, in attempt to dispel what they said were misunderstandings as well as \"constant attacks from U.S. corporate media.\" \nSputnik and other Russian state-funded media say that while they promote anti-establishment views outside mainstream media, they don't produce Kremlin propaganda. \n\"Since I work here, obviously I don't feel this way,\" Gavasheli said. \"Nobody tells me what to do. We get together with our guys every day for editorial meetings, and we decide what we're gonna do, how we're gonna do, who we want to invite, and so on and so forth. No one tells us how to do that, right?\"\nFILE - Russian President Vladimir Putin visits the headquarters of what was then known as the Russia Today television channel in Moscow, June 11, 2013. Major brands in the export division of Russian media include RT, the RIA Novosti news agency, Sputnik, and the Voice of Russia radio station.\nCritics disagree\nMany who study Kremlin media, like Robert Orttung, a professor of international affairs at George Washington University, disagree. \n\"At the end of the day, that's the purpose of these broadcasters, that's the purpose of Russian foreign policy in general, is to undermine our democracy, undermine the faith of the American people in their own institutions,\" Orttung said. \nSputnik fired its former White House correspondent Andrew Feinberg in May, who then became a vocal critic. \n\"And, it's definitely propaganda,\" he said of Sputnik's product. \"The idea that they are being attacked by corporate media is ridiculous. They're being called out for reporting half truths and, in some cases, lies.\" \nSputnik rejects the comments as those of a disgruntled former employee. But, Feinberg is not the first to work for and then turn against Kremlin-funded media. A few former reporters for RT, previously known as Russia Today, quit their jobs over coverage of Russia's gay rights and its military actions in Ukraine and Syria. \nRussia's state media are not the only authoritarian government outlets operating in the U.S. China's media presence is big.\n\"But the Russian one seems to be particularly effective because it has very high production values and it's reaching an audience of people who feel like the mainstream media has not answered what they're looking for,\" Orttung said. \n\"The only way that Russian propaganda can be effective here is when we're completely divided ourselves,\" he added. \"And that creates an opening for them.\"\nRussian state-funded media promote the notion that President Vladimir Putin's Russia is a benevolent and moral power simply seeking to maintain peace at home and promote a multi-polar world. They have well-qualified journalists among their ranks. But they also seem to attract a number of idealists, anti-establishment activists and conspiracy theorists. \nFILE - Cars pass by the former Russian RIA Novosti information agency headquarters in Moscow, Dec. 9, 2013. Major brands in the export division of Russian media include RT, the RIA Novosti news agency, Sputnik and the Voice of Russia radio station.\nFocus on US\nFor instance, Sputnik's webpage this week showed a front-page column headlined \"Trump, Putin Up Against US Deep State,\" which argued that \"the US Deep State comprising the military-intelligence nexus and their political media machine in Washington does not want to normalize relations with Russia.\" \nThe same writer, Finian Cunningham, in June wrote, \"US global power depends on its presumed economic prowess and military force. With its economy in long-term decline, precipitated by the teetering dollar, the US rulers are relying increasingly on militarism to project power. That tendency is pushing the world to war.\"\nIt went on to say, \"Fortunately, Russia and China may have sufficient military power to deter the desperate, waning American empire from trying to incite catastrophic war.\"\nSputnik disavows responsibility for such editorial comments, despite displaying them prominently. \nSputnik's shows are critical of U.S. society, politics and foreign policy, but not Russia's. Their hosts, like Fault Line's Garland Nixon \u2014 a member of the board of American Civil Liberties Union and a critic of President Donald Trump \u2014 dismiss mounting allegations in Washington concerning Russian interference in Trump's 2016 election.\n\"So, regardless of where it comes from and regardless of ... I remember [Iraqi] WMDs [weapons of mass destruction], so the intelligence community doesn't mean anything to me,\" Nixon said. \"Once there's evidence, we can look at the evidence and evaluate that. But I am not going to buy into accusations, least of all from the people that they're coming from.\"\nCo-host Lee Stranahan, a former investigative reporter with right-wing Breitbart News, also rejects concerns that Sputnik is contributing to a Kremlin campaign against the West. \n\"If there's ... if it's a propaganda campaign, like, what's the goal? Like, what's the goal? What's the goal? Well, it's clearly not pro-Trump, because, like I say, I'm the only pro-Trump person here,\" he said.\n\"If people want to criticize Russia, have at it,\" he added. \"I don't ... that doesn't bother me in the least. When I've looked into it myself, Russia's not my biggest \u2014 I don't know how else to put it \u2014 Russia is not my biggest concern.\"\nSputnik says people should read, listen and judge for themselves whether it is \"alternative news\" or Kremlin propaganda. \n",
        "caption": "FILE - Russian President Vladimir Putin visits the headquarters of what was then known as the Russia Today television channel in Moscow, June 11, 2013. Major brands in the export division of Russian media include RT, the RIA Novosti news agency, Sputnik, and the Voice of Russia radio station.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B0CE492E-C23F-42F8-ABDE-E74B7C1BBD9D.jpg",
        "id": "2331_2",
        "answer": [
            "a benevolent and moral power"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Vladimir Putin"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_12_3941692",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_12_3941692_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What was important about the person on the right of the image?",
        "context": "Spacewalking Astronauts Upgrade Orbiting Lab's Power Grid\nCAPE CANAVERAL, FLA. \u2014\u00a0\nAstronauts took another spacewalk Friday to plug in new and better batteries outside the International Space Station.\nIt's the same type of job that was conducted last Friday 250 miles above Earth. Commander Shane Kimbrough was back at it, but this time he was joined by French astronaut Thomas Pesquet.\nTheir main objective was to wire up three lithium-ion batteries, the latest in space tech. That's on top of three connected last week.\nJust like before, the station's robotic handyman saved the spacewalkers considerable time \u2014 and risk \u2014 by removing the decade-old nickel-hydrogen batteries in advance and positioning the new ones for wiring. The robot is named Dextre, short for dexterous, with 11-foot-long arms that were operated remotely by flight controllers in Houston.\nNASA describes the lithium-ion batteries as critical long-term upgrades to the space station's solar power system.\nBoth the new and old batteries are the same size: about 3 feet long and wide, and 1 1/2 feet tall, or about as big as half a refrigerator. But the new lithium-ion batteries can hold more charge and keep it longer, and so only half as many are needed.\nNASA plans to replace all 48 nickel-hydrogen batteries on the station's sprawling power grid within the next two or three years. The next batch of lithium-ion batteries will arrive late this year or early next, courtesy of Japan.\nThe batteries are used to store electrical power generated by the massive solar wings, in order to keep all the equipment running when the lab is on the nighttime side of Earth.\nMost of the old batteries will be trashed at the beginning of February, burning up in the atmosphere along with the Japanese cargo ship that delivered them last month.\nPesquet, a rookie astronaut, became France's first spacewalker in 15 years. He called it \"a big day.\"\n\"Better bring our A-game,\" Pesquet said in a tweet Thursday evening, \"to be safe & efficient.\"\n",
        "caption": "This image taken from video provided by NASA shows U.S. astronaut Shane Kimbrough (L), and French astronaut Thomas Pesquet during a space walk outside the International Space Station, Jan. 13, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D6C58B86-0F74-4F88-A973-A3FA742684D3.jpg",
        "id": "33666_1_2",
        "answer": [
            "France's first spacewalker in 15 years"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Pesquet"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_13_3675187",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_13_3675187_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is causing trouble for the employer of the people in the image?",
        "context": "Nigeria's Young Techies Try to Inject New Life into Struggling Economy\nABUJA \u2014\u00a0\nTomi Ayorinde and three of his colleagues trek through a boisterous open-air food market in the Nigerian capital of Abuja. Heads turn as they walk in between wooden stalls piled with meat and baskets full of leafy vegetables. \nAyorinde and his team wear white collared shirts with the words \"MobileForm Team\" emblazoned on them. They\u2019re collecting data on the prices of tomatoes, fish, cooking oil and fresh cow meat. Every once in a while, they stop to talk to a vendor to ask about the cost of their goods.\nThe prices are entered as data and digitally compiled on mobile phones before they are analyzed.\n\u201cWe\u2019re trying to solve two problems. [There is] no reliable data in Nigeria for businesses to make plans, yet we have unemployed youth who are viable people who want to work,\u201d says Ayorinde. \u201cBut people have smartphones. So we realized if we adopt a mobile phone strategy to gather reliable data, we can solve this problem once and for all.\u201d\nAyorinde, a 30-year-old IT developer, is the co-founder of MobileForms. He conceived the business idea last year and employs young people to go into the field to conduct polls and surveys. He\u2019s part of a budding generation of young Nigerians who are establishing tech-driven companies, but running a company these days comes with many challenges.\nTech entrepreneur Tomi Ayorinde of MobileForms, and three of his colleagues, visit a market in the Nigerian capital of Abuja to poll vendors on the price of their goods.\nNigeria is facing its worst recession in two decades. Inflation began rising in the first quarter of 2016 and has reached 18 percent. The local currency has been devalued, the economy is still shrinking, and startup companies are feeling the squeeze.\n\u201cNaturally in Nigeria it takes a while to get businesses to spend because they have to go through several approval levels. In a recession, they increase their approval levels and that means that a deal you could have closed in a month, it takes you three months to close it, yet you have running expenses,\u201d Ayorinde says.\nHe started MobileForms in September when the recession had already started taking a toll on businesses and says it was probably a crazy idea to launch the company when he did.\nEconomists say startup companies could help lift Nigeria out of its economic plight even though the current business environment is discouraging.\n\u201cCommercial banks will be charging up to 25 to 30 percent on the average. That\u2019s what they will be charging people that want to go into business,\u201d said Paul Alaje, the lead economist at the Abuja-based SPM Professional Associates LTD. \u201cWe should make no mistakes about it. This recession is really bad.\u201d\nEven so, some startups have found ways to profit from the recession. PayConnect is one of them. It was established last year when the economy began to slow down. \nA team of young Nigerians working for WeSabi talk about how to improve services. WeSabi is a new tech startup that helps people connect to trade laborers like carpenters or painters. (C. Oduah for VOA)\nCompany co-founder Victor Jibro used his personal savings to offer microloans to applicants.\n\u201cAs more and more people don\u2019t have enough money, they\u2019ll definitely look for other alternatives and PayConnect happened to be that alternative. So the recession boosted...the type of business we\u2019re doing,\u201d Jibro says.\nProfessional mentoring is crucial in a business landscape like Abuja, where many young people focus on the security of a government job, rather than risk starting a business. \nVentures Platform is one of the few resources for the city\u2019s tech-driven startup owners. The incubator hub provides internet and workspaces in a slick, modern space. \nThe hub also links startups with investors.\nVentures Platform helped a team of young Nigerians to develop WeSabi. It\u2019s a service that connects users to a pool of reliable handymen and artisans. Users visit the WeSabi website to find a trade laborer, such as a carpenter or a plumber. \nYoung Nigerian entrepreneurs can share contemporary-designed workspaces provided by Ventures Platform. The Abuja-based incubator hub is one of the few resources in the city for startup owners. (C. Oduah for VOA)\nThe WeSabi team is still learning how to navigate the recession. No one knows how long the recession will continue. \nThat\u2019s why Ventures Platform founder Kola Aina wants the government to give tax incentives to startups. He says many companies have already collapsed within the past few months, but he remains optimistic. Research shows that the IT sector tends to perform better than other industries during recession periods. \n\u201cThe recession provides a very unique opportunity for businesses and people to look for local solutions but it also provides an opportunity for smart entrepreneurs to look for inefficiencies that they can solve using technology,\u201d says Aina.\nBack out in the market, Ayorinde talks to the chairman of a butchers collective in an effort to learn more about how meat is priced. Although he's paid a huge price for operating a business during a recession, he believes the service he provides is of value and hopes his business will survive. \n",
        "caption": "A team of young Nigerians working for WeSabi talk about how to improve services. WeSabi is a new tech startup that helps people connect to trade laborers like carpenters or painters. (C. Oduah for VOA)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/9C07EC6E-65ED-4615-9CE0-A3A5543C6C34.jpg",
        "id": "21853_2",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "the recession"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "WeSabi"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_17_3679237",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_17_3679237_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What had the authorities in the image done recently?",
        "context": "Trump's First Big Immigration Op: 680 Arrested and Lots of Questions\nThe Immigration and Customs Enforcement Agency (ICE) says it rounded up 680 undocumented immigrants last week in enforcement actions in multiple locations around the U.S. This is the first big ICE operation of the Donald Trump presidency, and it has sparked a lot of fear and questions.\nWhat actually happened?\nDuring the week of February 6, ICE launched a \u201cseries of targeted enforcement operations across the country,\u201d Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Secretary John Kelly said in a release. More than 680 undocumented people were taken into custody by ICE in Los Angeles, Chicago, Atlanta, San Antonio and New York City. There also were reports of arrests in other locations.\nDHS is the parent agency of ICE.\nWho was targeted?\nKelly said the action was aimed at \u201cindividuals who pose a threat to public safety, border security or the integrity of our nation\u2019s immigration system.\u201d Of those arrested, approximately 75 percent were \u201ccriminal aliens.\u201d\nWhy were the media reports so much more dramatic than DHS\u2019 version?\nOver the course of that week, immigrant protection groups got an unusual number of calls from panicking immigrants reporting arrests in homes and at workplaces. A number of groups, led by United We Dream, held a press call February 10, alerting the media to what they said was a new era of persecution under Trump. They shared reports of roadside checkpoints and apartment building sweeps.\nPeople participate in a protest against President Donald Trump's immigration policy and the recent Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) raids in New York City, Feb. 11, 2017.\nAngelica Salas, executive director of the Coalition for Humane Immigrant Rights of Los Angeles (CHIRLA), told reporters that she has had 30 years' experience working with ICE and that the operations that week were \"not normal.\"\nBut the evidence provided by hers and other groups was largely anecdotal.\nThe call led to reports in major media outlets with headlines such as \"Reports of Raids Have Immigrants Bracing for Enforcement Surge\" and \"Reports of Immigration Raids Whip Across Texas.\"\nAmid the flurry of reports, ICE and DHS felt compelled to issue a number of statements, stressing that the enforcement operations were routine. \u201cICE conducts these kind of targeted enforcement operations regularly and has for many years,\u201d Kelly said.\nWhat set the stage for this?\nOne of Trump\u2019s signature campaign promises was to crack down on illegal immigration, promising to deport up to 3 million people involved in criminal activity. He tweeted on February 12 that he is doing just that. \u201cThe crackdown on illegal criminals is merely the keeping of my campaign promise.\u201d\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;The crackdown on illegal criminals is merely the keeping of my campaign promise. Gang members, drug dealers \\u0026amp;amp; others are being removed!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/830741932099960834\\\"\\u0026gt;February 12, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nIn the first week of his presidency, he signed an executive order called \u201cEnhancing Public Safety in the Interior of the United States.\u201d The order expanded the definition of who was deportable, making it easier to send undocumented immigrants back to their countries of origin. As a result, widespread deportations were expected and feared.\nReports of the deportation of the mother of two American children further fueled fears. Guadalupe Garcia de Rayos, 36, went in for a routine check with ICE on February 8. She had checked in with immigration authorities every year since 2008, when she was stopped for using a fake Social Security number. In past visits, she answered questions that were put to her and went home. This time she was taken into custody.\nThe family of Guadalupe Garcia de Rayos stands behind her attorney, Ray Ybarra Maldonado, as he speaks in front of the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement office in Phoenix. Garcia de Rayos was deported Feb. 9, 2017.\nWas this round-up routine?\nTo show that this roundup was routine, ICE pointed to several nationwide enforcement operations, often called Operation Cross Check, it has conducted since 2011. President Obama issued guidelines that year specifying that removal efforts should be focused on people who were a threat to public safety.\nThe operations include:\nMarch 2015 \u2013 National Cross Check operation that resulted in 2,059 arrests nationwide;\nAugust 2013 \u2013 National fugitive enforcement operation resulting in 1,660 arrests, including 1,517 convicted criminals;\nApril 2012 \u2013 National Cross Check operation that resulted in more than 3,100 arrests;\nSeptember 2011 \u2013 National Cross Check operation resulting in the arrest of more than 2,900 convicted criminal aliens;\nJune 2011 \u2013 National Cross Check operation that resulted in more than 2,400 arrests across all 50 states.\nWere there indications that these operations were not routine?\nYes. While there were no checkpoints and whole apartment houses weren\u2019t raided, there were differences that point to changes in deportation policy.\nWhen Secretary Kelly said that 75 percent of the people apprehended in the enforcement operation had criminal records, he also was saying that a quarter of the people picked up were not criminals. That those people were apprehended, likely caught up in a net thrown for someone else, was a break with the past.\nDuring the Obama administration, ICE was instructed to pick up only people who were targeted in advance and not just anybody swept up in a raid. This time seems to have been different.\nFILE - Immigration activists march in a rally against the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement's (ICE) raids and deportation of immigrants near the downtown Los Angeles Federal Building, Jan. 26, 2016.\nFor example, among those arrested in the ICE roundup was DACA recipient Daniel Ramirez Medina, 23, who was caught in a raid at his father\u2019s Seattle, Washington, house, targeting a \u201cprior deported felon,\u201d according to ICE. Not only was Medina a collateral arrest, but under Obama\u2019s Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA), a program protecting young people who came to the U.S. as children, he had a legal work permit. Lawyers have filed suit on his behalf.\nAnother area where there seems to have been a change in policy is an Obama-era rule that ICE agents would only target deportation orders dating from the beginning of 2014. Rayos, mentioned above, would have had a deportation order dating from 2008.\nAnd finally, if DHS is targeting \u201ccriminal aliens,\u201d there is the question of what that means in the Trump era. His executive order would indicate the bar has moved. A DHS official indicated just how far by telling the Washington Post that a \u201ccriminal alien\u201d includes \u201canyone who had entered the United States illegally or overstayed or violated the terms of a visa.\u201d\nSome 11 million people in the United States are in that group.\nWhat now?\nPro-immigrant groups believe the roundups were intended to strike fear into the heart of the immigrant community, and that they have succeeded.\nThe Congressional Hispanic Caucus has requested guidance from ICE Acting Director Thomas Homan. Without it, the caucus said in a letter, \"our communities will be paralyzed as students will remain home from school, parents will be afraid to leave children alone, and our local economies will be irreparably damaged.\"\n",
        "caption": "U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement officers detain a suspect as they conduct a what officials called a targeted enforcement operation, in Los Angeles, California, Feb. 7, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/5AF4A395-3D66-43FA-B258-D716DD8056CD.jpg",
        "id": "28551_1",
        "answer": [
            "rounded up 680 undocumented immigrants"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Immigration and Customs Enforcement"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_15_3726266",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_15_3726266_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the man speaking in the image think is missing?",
        "context": "Russian Court Finds Chechens Guilty in Murder of Opposition Leader Nemtsov\nA Moscow court on Thursday found five Chechen men guilty in the 2015 murder of Russian opposition leader and former deputy prime minister Boris Nemtsov, who was gunned down just meters from the Kremlin and Moscow's Red Square.\nAfter an eight-month trial, the jury ruled by majority against brothers Shagid and Anzor Gubashev, Ramzan Bakhayev, Tamerlan Eskerkhanov and Zaur Dadayev, who was found guilty of shooting Nemtsov six times in the back. Dadayev initially confessed to the crime but later recanted, saying he was tortured into the confession.\nFILE - Opposition leader Boris Nemtsov attends a rally in central Moscow, April 6, 2013.\nThe men face from eight years to life in prison when the sentences are announced next week.\nWhile the verdicts were welcomed by supporters of Nemtsov, the investigation and trial were condemned for failing to uncover the masterminds of the killing or addressing the motive, which is widely believed to be political.\nNemtsov's daughter: 'Case unsolved'\nNemtsov's daughter Zhanna Nemtsova, a journalist with German broadcaster Deutsche Welle, called the case unsolved.\nIn an exclusive interview with VOA's Russian Service on Wednesday, Nemtsova noted that while there was motive for the perpetrators \u2014 $250,000 allegedly promised for the murder \u2014 there was no attempt to establish who wanted Nemtsov killed and why.\n\"So the investigators and the court are doing their best to hinder establishing the motive,\" she said. \"It is obvious for Russians and for Europeans and Americans and for people all over the world that it was a political murder, it is a murder of the former deputy prime minister of Russia \u2014 that has never happened in contemporary Russian history. And they are cowardly denying it. They are denying an obvious thing without offering any other convincing motive,\" Nemtsova said.\nFILE - Zhanna Nemtsova, the daughter of Russian opposition figure Boris Nemtsov, is shown during an interview with The Associated Press in London, Feb. 25, 2016.\nInvestigators had initially claimed the accused men were motivated by Nemtsov's support for the satirical French magazine Charlie Hebdo, which controversially depicted Islam's Prophet Muhammad.\nChechnya is a conservative Muslim republic of Russia run by strongman Ramzan Kadyrov, who rules virtually independent of federal authorities because of his close relationship with Russian President Vladimir Putin.\n\"I suspect that Vladimir Putin knows much more about the circumstances of this murder than me and he possesses a complete knowledge of this murder and I, as an injured party, don't,\" Nemtsova said. \"Why hasn't Ramzan Kadyrov been summoned to court?\"\nKadyrov connection?\nNemtsov's family demanded investigators question Kadyrov, but it didn't happen. Kadyrov, who denies any connection to Nemtsov's murder, had infamously praised Dadayev as a \"true patriot\" just after his arrest. And, a month after Nemtsov's death, Putin awarded Kadyrov for his service to the nation.\nDadayev was a former member of Chechnya's elite Sever police force and his commander, Ruslan Geremeyev, was supposedly being sought for questioning. However, investigators claimed they could not find him. Another wanted man blew himself up in the Chechen capital before he could be questioned, according to Russian media reports.\nLast year, the Chechen leader released a video showing other Russian opposition leaders in a sniper's crosshairs.\n\"Still they haven't found any of the persons who ordered the attack or any of the organizers,\" Vadim Prokhorov, Nemtsov family lawyer, told the Associated Press as he was leaving the courthouse. \"This is a complete fiasco, of course. It is completely obvious that the government did not have any intention over these past two years to find the real organizers and instigators. Even though we said that it is needed to investigate at least in the closest circle of Mr. Kadyrov, and we will continue to ask for this.\"\nVadim Prokhorov, who represents the family of killed opposition leader Boris Nemtsov, speaks to the media after Nemtsov's murder trial in Moscow, Russia, June 29, 2017.\nRussian police are still looking for Geremeyev's driver, Ruslan Mukhudinov, who investigators say was the mastermind. Many critics, including Nemtsova, are dumbfounded by this claim.\n\"It is mind blowing that the ringleader would be a driver of Ruslan Geremeyev,\" she said. \"And what's his motive? How did he come up with 15 million rubles [$250,000]? These are, you know, absolutely discrediting details of how this investigation is going.\"\nProcess could take years\nKremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov on Wednesday noted those who ordered the killing had not been found, but that such a process could take years. After the verdict Thursday, he said it was up to the Investigative Committee \u2014 not the Kremlin \u2014 to decide on any further legal action.\nHowever, few believe those behind the killing will ever face justice as a number of Kremlin and Kadyrov critics have been murdered, but only the hitmen were jailed.\nNemtsov's murder took place in one of the most heavily policed and videotaped areas of Russia. But, suspiciously, no video has ever been found of the killing and the perpetrators were able to escape the area before their arrest.\n\"Russians were polled by the Levada center in March 2015 and more than 50 percent of them, when asked whether the case would be solved, said 'No,'\" Nemtsova noted. \"So, we understand too well what kind of a state we live in. Political murders are not solved here.\"\nVOA's Danila Galperovich contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "Vadim Prokhorov, who represents the family of killed opposition leader Boris Nemtsov, speaks to the media after Nemtsov's murder trial in Moscow, Russia, June 29, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/0AE92269-A496-4FC1-B785-FB943D1216DF.jpg",
        "id": "31938_4",
        "answer": [
            "any of the persons who ordered the attack or any of the organizers"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Vadim Prokhorov"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_29_3921206",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_29_3921206_4"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the branch that controls the tech in the imaged used to do?",
        "context": "Commander: No Change to US Navy Freedom of Navigation Patrols\nSINGAPORE \u2014\u00a0\nThere has been no policy change with regard to U.S. Navy freedom of navigation operations under the administration of President Donald Trump, U.S. Pacific Fleet Commander Admiral Scott Swift said on Monday.\nUnder the previous administration, the U.S. Navy conducted such voyages through the South China Sea \u2014 most of which is claimed by China \u2014 angering Beijing. But none has been conducted in the region under the Trump administration.\nThe New York Times reported last week that a U.S. Pacific Command request in March to sail near the disputed Scarborough Shoal, a prime fishing ground that China seized in 2012, was rejected by top Pentagon officials.\nNavy requests turned down\nTwo other requests by the Navy in February were also turned down, it said.\nSome saw this as an indication that the United States wanted to avoid antagonizing China while waiting to see how far it would go in helping to press North Korea to give up its ballistic missile and nuclear programs.\n\u201cThere is nothing that has significantly changed in the last two or three months,\u201d Admiral Scott Swift told reporters in Singapore, referring to the U.S. Navy excursions it says it conducts to ensure freedom of navigation.\n\u201cWe just present the opportunities when we have a ship in the area and there's an area of interest ... They are either taken advantage of or they're not,\u201d he said.\nFILE - In this April 21, 2017, photo, an airstrip and buildings on China's man-made Subi Reef in the Spratly chain of islands in the South China Sea are seen from a Philippine Air Force C-130.\nChina's claims challenged\nChina's extensive claims to the South China Sea, which sees about $5 trillion in ship-borne trade pass every year, are challenged by Brunei, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Vietnam, as well as Taiwan.\nThe United States has criticized China's construction of man-made islands and build-up of military facilities in the sea, and expressed concern they could be used to restrict free movement.\nLate last month, top U.S. commander in the Asia-Pacific region, Admiral Harry Harris, said the United States would likely carry out freedom of navigation operations in the South China Sea soon, without offering details.\nSouth China Sea situation\nSwift said there has been no change in the importance the United States placed on the South China Sea issue.\n\u201cWe are on track to conduct over 900 ship days of operations this year in the South China Sea,\u201d he said.\nOn China's recent unveiling of a domestically built aircraft carrier, Swift said: \u201cIf you have a global economy, I think you need a global navy to look after that economy.\u201d\n\u201cIf they think that they need carriers to support their maritime strategy, then I am not concerned about it,\u201d he said.\n",
        "caption": " In this image released by the U.S. Navy, F/A-18 Hornets and Super Hornets fly over the aircraft carrier USS Carl Vinson, and South Korean destroyers Yang Manchun, top right, and Sejong the Great, as they transit the western Pacific Ocean, May 3, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/CE2282BF-A0C4-45A5-8951-BB5E3DA33B1C.jpg",
        "id": "23400_1",
        "answer": [
            "voyages through the South China Sea"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "U.S. Navy"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_08_3843371",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_08_3843371_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who did the person on the left of the image want to speak to?",
        "context": "Germany: Turkey Grants Consular Access to Detained Reporter\nBERLIN \u2014\u00a0\nGermany's foreign minister thanked his Turkish counterpart Monday for granting consular access to a German-Turkish journalist detained since January, the first positive development between the two NATO partners after weeks of acrimony.\nThe detention of Deniz Yucel on charges of producing terrorist propaganda and incitement to hatred was one of several issues that have caused friction between Ankara and Berlin in recent months.\nForeign Minister Sigmar Gabriel said that he had pressed Germany's case for diplomatic access to Yucel in one-on-one talks with his Turkish counterpart Mevlut Cavusoglu on the sidelines of a NATO meeting on Friday, and that Cavusoglu came through, telling him verbally on the weekend it would be granted.\n\u201cThis morning Turkey also officially confirmed that we will receive access to Deniz Yucel tomorrow finally so that we can determine for ourselves his wellbeing after difficult days in custody,\u201d Gabriel said in a statement.\nTurkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan has alleged the reporter for Die Welt was a German spy and a \u201crepresentative\u201d of the Kurdish PKK rebel group - all of which the newspaper denies.\nGermany has pressed repeatedly for consular access to Yucel, something Turkey was not obliged to provide because the reporter is also a Turkish citizen.\nIn comments last week, Gabriel slammed Turkey for preventing access, saying \u201cone must almost assume that Yucel is serving the Turkish leadership as a political football in a dirty election campaign.\u201d\nYucel's case is just one of several spats to arise between Ankara and Berlin over the past year - at a time when Germany and the rest of the European Union are looking to Turkey for its support in the fight against the Islamic State and in helping slow and regulate the flow of migrants into Europe.\nTurkish officials' attempts to rally support among their citizens living in Germany last month for a referendum over whether to expand Erdogan's power caused widespread irritation in Germany, and several of their public events were canceled. That caused Erdogan to accuse German officials of acting like Nazis which, in turn, prompted strong condemnation of the Turkish president's words from Chancellor Angela Merkel.\nThere are some 3 million people of Turkish origin in Germany, almost half of whom were eligible to vote in the referendum.\nThere was further sniping between the two governments last week, after German officials revealed that Turkey's foreign intelligence agency MIT had provided them a list of suspected supporters of a U.S.-based cleric, who Turkey claims was behind last year's failed coup.\nTurkey asked Germany to put the people under surveillance, but instead Germany warned those on the list, which reportedly included a member of German Parliament, they were under Turkish suspicion.\nTurkish Prime Minister Binali Yildirim called the German move \u201cnot ethical.\u201d\nA German parliament resolution labeling the early-20th century killing of Armenians in Turkey as \u201cgenocide\u201d and an offensive poem about Erdogan by a German comic have also soured relations between the two countries.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - German Foreign Minister Sigmar Gabriel, left, talks to his Turkish counterpart Mevlut Cavusoglu, right, after a meeting in a hotel in Berlin, March 8, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/C72D3260-47DD-4038-880E-5926E17DF3F3.jpg",
        "id": "18531_1",
        "answer": [
            "Deniz Yucel",
            "Mevlut Cavusoglu",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Foreign Minister Sigmar Gabriel",
            "Sigmar Gabriel"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_03_3793996",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_03_3793996_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What advice did the person on the other end of the line in the image give?",
        "context": "Taiwan President Balancing US Ties With China Despite Line to Trump\nTAIPEI \u2014\u00a0\nTaiwan President Tsai Ing-wen is showing signs of steering a middle course between China and the United States, despite a unique connection with Donald Trump, to balance competing voter sentiments and reduce the risk of escalating anger in Beijing.\nTsai made a surprise call to Trump in December before he took office. But her government has made a series of statements over the past two weeks suggesting it wants no worsening of already strained relations with China. \n\u201cAs far as Taiwan\u2019s policy toward China, she\u2019s been very consistent in showing goodwill, which has not been reciprocated by China,\u201d said Ross Feingold, a Taipei-based analyst with an American political consultancy.\nTsai is moving cautiously with Washington, analysts believe, partly to avoid being used as a Sino-U.S. bargaining chip, a fate opposed by much of Taiwan\u2019s public. Some voters also want her to keep peace with China, a top trade and investment destination with the world\u2019s third most powerful military.\nBut Tsai, who is known as a cautious person, cannot veer too close to China without upsetting voters and people in her political party with staunch anti-Beijing views. China fumes when major world powers such as the United States get close to Taiwan, implying that the Asian island is a sovereign state rather than a Chinese territory.\nBeijing, which has long seen self-ruled Taiwan as part of its territory, distrusts Tsai because of her refusal to hold talks with the Communist leadership with the understanding that both sides belong to one China.\n\u201cTaipei wants neither to be a bargaining chip, nor to provoke Beijing,\u201d said Alan Romberg, East Asia Program director with Washington think tank the Stimson Center. \u201cThey do want a good relationship with the Trump Administration, so they will try to walk the fine line between forging that while at the same time avoiding being co-opted in a power game that would harm Taiwan rather than help it.\u201d\nMore than a month before taking office as U.S. president, Trump accepted a 12-minute phone call from Tsai, the first such high-level contact since the 1970s. They discussed Taiwan\u2019s security, a possible reference to its defense against China, and its hopes to be more accepted internationally.\nTaiwan has just 21 diplomatic allies, mostly poor countries, compared to China\u2019s more than 170. China also blocks Taiwan\u2019s participation in the United Nations.\nAfter the call and before taking office, Trump suggested that China\u2019s policy claiming sovereignty over Taiwan was negotiable. The comment angered Beijing, which followed up by passing its aircraft carrier near Taiwan\u2019s territorial waters, and raised concern among Taiwanese that Trump would use Taiwan\u2019s status as a bargaining chip to get unrelated concessions from the much larger China.\nOn Thursday Trump agreed in a telephone call with his Chinese counterpart Xi Jinping to honor that policy.\nThe presidential office in Taipei responded Friday by saying Taiwan and the United States have maintained close contact with a \u201cvery good zero accident\u201d approach. Taiwan understands that the U.S. government \u201cattaches great importance to peace and stability in East Asia,\u201d the office said in a statement.\nFILE - Taiwan's President Tsai Ing-wen speaks with U.S. President-elect Donald Trump through a speaker phone in Taipei, Taiwan.\n\u201cAs a bargaining chip I don\u2019t think that Taiwan is very influential or critical,\u201d said Wu Chung-li, a political science research fellow at Academia Sinica, a university in Taipei. \u201cAnd Trump is very unpredictable. You don\u2019t know what he\u2019s going to do, use Taiwan as a bargaining chip or just as a businessman.\u201d\n\u201cSo everything is negotiable. A couple of months ago maybe (Tsai) tried to play this U.S. ball, but obviously the response from China\u2019s side is pretty strong.\u201d\nOn January 30, Taiwan\u2019s Mainland Affairs Council, the government agency in charge of China policy, issued a statement advocating the creation of \u201charmonious\u201d relations with Beijing. On February 1 the council noted mainland Chinese graduate students\u2019 appreciation for academic exchanges last year.\nAnd on Wednesday the council declined to comment on a Japanese media report that China was considering changes to its Anti-Secession Law, which is aimed in part at consolidating Beijing\u2019s rule over Taiwan.\nCouncil Deputy Minister Chiu Chui-cheng acknowledged \u201cuncertainty\u201d in early 2017 and urged a \u201ccalm\u201d approach to China in that context.\n\u201cTo cope with all sorts of uncertain factors internationally, in the Asia Pacific as well as between Taiwan and mainland China, both internally and externally, our government must stay calm and rational, controlling risks and seizing opportunities and carefully promoting Taiwan-mainland policies for the development of relations,\u201d Chiu told Voice of America.\n\u201cWe hope to ease differences through dialogue and communication,\u201d Chiu said, urging China to avoid action that might make things worse.\nTaiwan has publicized no specific proposals for new U.S. ties since Trump took office January 20, nor has Trump laid out an agenda for Taiwan.\nWashington switched formal diplomatic recognition from Taipei to Beijing in 1979 as the Chinese economy grew. It has maintained strong informal ties with Taiwan since then and ranks as its top weapons supplier.\nAnalysts expect Tsai, a 60-year-old law scholar, eventually to seek an increase in existing U.S. exchanges with Taiwan: arms sales, senior-level visits from Washington to Taipei and possibly a bilateral trade deal. The arms sales and visits would be consistent with topics discussed between Tsai and Trump by phone on December 2.\nChina might respond to those measures by paying off the Asian island\u2019s diplomatic allies, cutting back two-way economic ties or making military threats. China has done all three since Tsai took office in May. But Tsai\u2019s predecessor, and Trump\u2019s, had also presided over arms sales and high-level visits.\n\u201cIt is a normalization of interaction,\u201d Feingold said, anticipating more exchanges like those of the past. \u201cWhether it\u2019s government-to-government, military-to-military, the whole panoply of interactions (is) to have a normalization.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Taiwan's President Tsai Ing-wen speaks with U.S. President-elect Donald Trump through a speaker phone in Taipei, Taiwan.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/40870CBA-F3EC-40AA-AB30-C5E3355744BB.jpg",
        "id": "29029_2",
        "answer": [
            "that China\u2019s policy claiming sovereignty over Taiwan was negotiable"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Taiwan"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_10_3717410",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_10_3717410_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What position did the man in the image hold at some time?",
        "context": "Panetta: Killing of Kim Jong Nam Reflects Instability in Pyongyang\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nThe apparent assassination of North Korean leader Kim Jong Un's estranged half brother reflects \"instability\" and \"uncertainty\" in the North Korean leadership, former U.S. Defense Secretary Leon Panetta said.\n\"It really confirms our worst suspicions about the regime in North Korea,\" Panetta told VOA on Thursday, when asked what conclusions he would draw if Pyongyang was confirmed as being responsible.\n\"He clearly is somebody who will not hesitate to kill anyone who either displeases him or if he suspects that individual of having opinions that are not in line with the leader,\" said the former Pentagon chief, referring to a series of purges the North Korean leader has carried out.\nKim Jong Nam, 45, died February 13 after allegedly being poisoned by two women at Malaysia's Kuala Lumpur International Airport. Malaysian police said Friday that the poison used to kill Kim was the VX nerve agent, which is banned under the Chemical Weapons Convention, which North Korea never signed.\nKim Jong Nam, the eldest son of North Korean leader Kim Jong Il, is pictured at the Beijing International Airport, China, February 2007.\nIn an email sent Friday, a U.S. State Department official told VOA the U.S. is \"always willing to help partners with law enforcement cooperation in the context of our efforts to combat transnational crime and support the rule of law.\"\nWhile the investigation is still underway, police have arrested the women and one North Korean national. They are seeking seven other North Koreans, including one diplomat in the Malaysian capital, for questioning.\nSouth Korea believes Kim Jong Un ordered the killing of his half brother. North Korea has denied responsibility, accusing South Korea and Malaysia of plotting to have it blamed for the death.\nSign of instability\nKim Jong Un has executed or deposed of senior officials and close aides, including his uncle, in what has often been described as a \"reign of terror.\"\nAccording to Panetta, Kim Jong Nam's death is another reminder that the North Korean leader is \"unpredictable and vicious.\"\n\"If this is ultimately proven true, I think it only confirms the intelligence we have on the leader of North Korea,\" said Panetta, who also served as the head of CIA.\nOnce deemed the legitimate heir to North Korea's ruling regime, Kim Jong Nam was known to be favored by China.\nChristine Wormuth, former undersecretary for policy at the U.S. Defense Department, said Kim's death could be seen as a snub to Beijing.\n\"One could read [it] as a sign that Kim Jong Un is basically showing the Chinese that he can reach all the way to Malaysia and take out the potential successor that China might have preferred,\" Wormuth told VOA.\nFILE - An employee walks between front-end loaders used to move coal imported from North Korea at Dandong port in the Chinese border city of Dandong, Dec. 7, 2010.\nChina's reaction\nSeveral days after Kim's assassination, China announced it would suspend imports of North Korean coal for the rest of 2017. The North's coal exports account for about one-third of the country's total export income, generating an estimated $1 billion a year for the regime, according to U.S. officials. In an apparent protest against China's ban, North Korea's state media on Thursday harshly criticized China without mentioning its name. It accused China of \"dancing to the tune\" of the United States.\nPanetta said he thought Chinese leaders had long been concerned about Kim Jong Un's behavior and that the incident in Malaysia would further isolate his country.\n\"So for that reason, I think it's very important for us to continue to work with China,\" the former intelligence chief said.\nJon Wolfsthal, senior director at the National Security Council for arms control and nonproliferation in the Obama administration, told VOA this week that the Chinese move against the North could be a \"sign that China is less comfortable than it used to be with North Korean behavior,\" which creates room for the U.S. to put more pressure on the North.\nThe news of the killing came amid heightened tensions over the North's recent missile test, which took place a day before Kim died.\nFILE - \"Removing North Korea from the state sponsor of terrorism list was a mistake,\" says Representative Ed Royce, a California Republican.\nReinstatement of sanctions\nSome U.S. lawmakers are calling for returning North Korea to the U.S. list of state sponsors of terrorism. Washington removed Pyongyang from the list in October 2008 as part of a nuclear deal in which the communist state agreed to disable a plutonium plant and allow some inspections.\n\"Removing North Korea from the state sponsor of terrorism list was a mistake,\" Representative Ed Royce, a California Republican who is chairman of the House Foreign Affairs Committee, said in a statement released to VOA by his office. \"That's why I am working on legislation that calls for North Korea to be relisted as a state sponsor of terrorism.\"\nU.S. Senator Cory Gardner, a Republican from Colorado, is also calling for the reinstatement of the North to the list. \"The murder of Kim Jong Un's half brother is yet another reminder of North Korea's brutality,\" he said.\nVOA's Cho Eunjung contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Former U.S. Defense Secretary Leon Panetta.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/2CF0A498-A0A7-4D19-BFAF-AEED56B827E0.jpg",
        "id": "28253_1",
        "answer": [
            "head of CIA"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Panetta"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_24_3739026",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_24_3739026_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in the middle of the image do?",
        "context": "Dalai Lama, Border Guard Who Escorted Him Into India Have Emotional Reunion\nNEW DELHI \u2014\u00a0\nNearly six decades after he fled his homeland, Tibetan spiritual leader, the Dalai Lama had an emotional reunion on Sunday with the border guard who escorted him into India when he was 23 years old. \nThe Buddhist monk, now 81, met the border guard, Naren Chandra Das, who is 79, in Guwahati, the capital of the northeastern Indian Assam state, at a ceremony organized by the state government.\nThe Dalai Lama had trekked for two weeks across the Himalayas in 1959 disguised as a soldier and seeking asylum in India, following a failed uprising against Chinese rule in Tibet. \nEmbracing Das, who escorted him for part of his journey in India, the Tibetan spiritual leader said he was very happy to meet with him. \u201cLooking at your face, I now realize I must be very old too,\u201d he told him in jest. \nIt was the first exchange of words between the two. Das recalled he and several other guards who escorted the Dalai Lama had been given orders not to speak to him when he crossed into India. They had never met since. \nDas later told reporters he was overwhelmed by the warmth with which the Dalai Lama met him.\n\u2018I experienced freedom\u2019\nThe Tibetan spiritual leader, who arrived in Guwahati en route to the famous Buddhist Tawang monastery in Arunachal Pradesh, said he had an emotional attachment to the region that revived his memories of escape from Tibet. \nThe Dalai Lama recalled how when they sent some men to the Indian border, they readily agreed to give them entry. \u201cThe days prior to my arrival in India were filled with tension and the only concern was safety, but I experienced freedom when I was received warmheartedly by the people and officials and a new chapter began in my life,\u201d the Press Trust of India quoted him as saying.\nThe visit has raised China's ire. Beijing, which calls the Dalai Lama a dangerous separatist, has strongly protested the Indian government's plans to host him in the sensitive border state of Arunachal Pradesh, that is controlled by New Delhi, but is also claimed by Beijing.\nThe Indian government has responded by saying it is a religious visit and has no political meaning. The Dalai Lama has called China's opposition \"normal.\"\n",
        "caption": "The Dalai Lama (center-left) shakes hands with Naren Chandra Das (center-right), the lone known survivor of a group of seven Indian guards who escorted the Tibetan spiritual leader into India nearly 60 years ago, in Guwahati, the capital of the northeastern Indian Assam state, April 2, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B8AA7A9E-8490-46E0-883C-98C1158827CD.jpg",
        "id": "13250_1",
        "answer": [
            "trekked for two weeks across the Himalayas in 1959 disguised as a soldier and seeking asylum in India",
            "None",
            "had an emotional reunion"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Dalai Lama"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_03_3793890",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_03_3793890_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person wearing the blue tie in the image give?",
        "context": "Homeland Security Pick Says Border Security Is His Top Priority\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nDonald Trump's choice to lead the Department of Homeland Security says closing the border to the \"illegal movement of people and things\" will be his top priority if confirmed.\nRetired Marine General John Kelly outlined his priorities in a detailed questionnaire to senators. The questionnaire was released Tuesday ahead of Kelly's confirmation hearing later in the day.\nKelly embraced Trump's call for a strong border wall with Mexico. He said that achieving his top priority of shutting down illegal movements \"starts with physical obstacles like a border wall and supporting surveillance technologies.\" He said it would also require constant patrols from federal and local law enforcement.\nThe confirmation of Kelly was almost assured, but members of the Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee were likely to use the hearing to debate the tough immigration and border security policies that were centerpieces of Trump's presidential campaign.\nKelly is one of several retired generals tapped for top positions by Trump. That has raised some concerns about undue military influence in his administration, weakening the American tradition of civilian control of government.\nPlenty of allies\nBut Kelly is widely respected by Democrats and Republicans alike, and his military experience is applicable to his Homeland Security role. He's the former head of the military's Southern Command, based in South Florida, which routinely works with DHS to combat human trafficking and drug smuggling. The military command has also partnered with Immigration and Customs Enforcement, a part of Homeland Security, to help rescue unaccompanied child immigrants trying to make their way from Central America to the United States alone.\nIn the questionnaire, Kelly said he was committed to telling \"truth to power.\" The commitment addresses concerns that some lawmakers have about the president-elect's willingness to take in points of view that clash with his own.\nKelly told the committee that his that his greatest successes during 40-plus years in the military are: \"taking care of my people, speaking 'truth to power,' and successfully completing every mission I have ever been assigned.\" He said he had worked with many senior U.S. officials during his career.\n\"I never hesitated to disagree with any of them, or make difficult recommendations when appropriate,\" Kelly said.\nFILE - U.S. President-elect Donald Trump appears with retired Marine Corps General John Kelly outside the main clubhouse after their meeting at Trump National Golf Club in Bedminster, New Jersey, Nov. 20, 2016.\nAlso, in newly released ethics disclosures, Kelly said that if confirmed he would resign positions with multiple consulting and government contractor firms and defense contractor DynCorp. Kelly listed his salary with DynCorp, a company awarded a 2016 contract from DHS to train Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents, as more than $166,000.\nIn a statement prepared for the Senate hearing, Republican Chairman Ron Johnson of Wisconsin praised Kelly as having a \"deep knowledge and understanding of the grave security threats facing our nation and the sacrifices that are required to keep us safe.\"\nKelly joined the Marine Corps in 1970. He is a battle-hardened, blunt-talking veteran who served three tours in Iraq. He was also the highest-ranking officer to lose a child in combat in Iraq or Afghanistan. His son, Marine 1st Lieutenant Robert Kelly, was killed in November 2010 in Afghanistan.\nKelly would be the fifth person to lead the department, which includes agencies that protect the president, respond to disasters, enforce immigration laws, protect the nation's coastlines, stop drug smuggling and secure air travel.\nRespect for law\nKelly, in his statement for the committee, said he had a \"profound respect for the rule of law\" and as secretary \"will always strive to uphold it.\" That is likely to resonate with Republicans, who have generally supported Trump's proposals and have complained that President Barack Obama has been too lax in his enforcement of immigration laws.\nTrump has vowed to deport millions of immigrants living in the U.S. illegally, focusing first on criminals. Kelly is likely to be asked his views on how to accomplish that.\nTrump pledged during the campaign to build a border wall \u2014 and have Mexico pay for it \u2014 though since winning the White House he has softened his stance on both the kind of barrier he wants and how it will be financed.\nLast week, Republicans suggested the wall could be paid for from regular spending legislation authorized by Congress. Trump insists that Mexico will reimburse the United States for the costs, but Mexico says it will not do so.\n",
        "caption": "From left, Senate Armed Services Committee Chairman Sen. John McCain, R-Ariz., Sen. Tom Carper, D-Del., Homeland Security Secretary-designate John Kelly, and former Defense Secretary Robert Gates greet each other on Capitol Hill in Washington prior to Kelly's confirmation hearing before the committee, Jan. 10, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/BE24D875-685E-4180-BA38-3D8B6D1F8695.jpg",
        "id": "13537_1",
        "answer": [
            "detailed questionnaire to senators",
            "a detailed questionnaire",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "John Kelly"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_10_3670963",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_10_3670963_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in pink and the person with the scarf in the image discuss?",
        "context": "US Lawmakers, Indian PM Confer in New Delhi\nA bipartisan U.S. congressional delegation led by House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi discussed bilateral relations and regional security issues Thursday with Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi in New Delhi, India.\nPelosi and Modi exchanged views on cooperation, terrorist threats, global warming and human rights issues, including Tibet.\n\"In our meetings with top government officials, the delegation expressed our gratitude to the Indian government and people of India for hosting His Holiness the Dalai Lama in Dharamsala and for the support of Tibetans living in India,\" said Pelosi, a California Democrat.\nAccording to Pelosi's website, the group spent two days in Dharamsala and met with the Dalai Lama as well as Lobsang Sangay, the head of the Tibetan government in exile. \nTibetan spiritual leader Dalai Lama holds the arm of U.S. House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi at the Tsuglagkhang temple in Dharmsala, India, May 10, 2017.\nDuring a welcome ceremony Wednesday, Pelosi said the delegation came to \"pay tribute to His Holiness [the Dalai Lama], a visionary, a man of compassion, a man of hope.\" She also expressed her commitment to support Tibetan causes.\n\"Brutal tactics of the Chinese government to erase the religion, culture and language of the Tibetan people challenge the conscience of the world,\" she said.\"We will meet that challenge. Working together, we will meet that challenge.\"\nRepresentative Jim Sensenbrenner, a Wisconsin Republican, said the U.S. Congress stands in solidarity with \"the Tibetan people to be free from the repression that has been put upon them for a very, very long time from Beijing.\"\nPelosi said gaining a status of \"authentic\" autonomy for Tibet requires narrowing the differences between Chinese and Tibetan leaders.\n\"To some in China, an autonomous, authentic Tibet is inconceivable. To us, it is inevitable,\" she said, \"So we must shorten the distance between inconceivable to them and the inevitable to us.\"\nAn exile Tibetan child holds the U.S. flag during a felicitation ceremony for a group of U.S. lawmakers at the Tsuglagkhang temple in Dharmsala, India, May 10, 2017.\nPelosi led a congressional group to Tibet in 2015, which she said was part of Sangay's proposal for them to visit Tibet and Dharamsala to learn more about the Tibetan situation, according to Tibet.net. Dharamsala is the seat of the Tibetan government in exile.\nChina considers the Dalai Lama a dangerous separatist who seeks Tibetan independence. The Dalai Lama, Tibet's spiritual leader, and the current exile government, or Tibetan Administration, say they seek only a \"genuine\" autonomy for Tibet under the People's Republic of China.\nInternational human rights groups and exiles routinely condemn what they call China's oppressive rule in Tibetan areas. They say pervasive surveillance and displays of military force are used to intimidate and quell dissent.\nThe Dalai Lama told the delegation Tibetans do not need weapons in their struggle for autonomy, and he again called for nonviolence and compassion.\nThe United States considers Tibet a part of China, but supports Tibetans' right to preserve their unique religious, cultural and linguistic freedom.\n",
        "caption": "A U.S. congressional delegation, including Reps. Nancy Pelosi, center left, Jim McGovern, left, and Jim Sensenbrenner, center right, pose ahead of a meeting in New Delhi with India's Prime Minister Narendra Modi, center, in this handout photo from the Indian Press Information Bureau, May 11, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F6E94C3B-26FF-4643-9458-85FB2D6D5947.jpg",
        "id": "22284_1",
        "answer": [
            "views on cooperation, terrorist threats, global warming and human rights issues, including Tibet",
            "bilateral relations and regional security issues",
            "cooperation, terrorist threats, global warming and human rights issues"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Nancy Pelosi",
            "Pelosi and Modi"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_11_3848324",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_11_3848324_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What was the political party of the person with the blue tie in the image trying to get rid of?",
        "context": "White House Backs Off as Lawmakers Work to Avert Shutdown\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nLawmakers are nearing agreement on sweeping spending legislation to keep the lights on in government, after the White House backed off a threat to withhold payments that help lower-income Americans pay their medical bills.\nIt was the latest concession by the White House, which had earlier dropped a demand for money for President Donald Trump's border wall. Even with Republicans in control of both chambers of Congress and the White House, the Trump administration is learning that Democrats retain significant leverage when their votes are needed on must-pass legislation.\nA temporary funding bill expires Friday at midnight, and GOP leaders late Wednesday unveiled another short-term spending bill to prevent a government shutdown this weekend, something Republicans are determined to avoid.\nThere appears little chance of that as lawmakers worked to resolve final stumbling blocks on issues like the environment, though a short-term extension of existing funding levels is likely.\n``The fundamental issue is keeping the government open, that's our focus,'' said Rep. Patrick McHenry, R-N.C., a top member of the vote-counting team in the House.\nAt the same time, House Republicans had a breakthrough on their moribund health care legislation as a key group of conservatives, the House Freedom Caucus, announced it would support a revised version of the bill. Freedom Caucus opposition was a key ingredient in the legislation's collapse a month ago, a humiliating episode for Republicans that called into question their ability to govern given that they've been promising for seven years to repeal and replace former President Barack Obama's Affordable Care Act.\nYet whether the Freedom Caucus support would be enough remained uncertain. One key moderate, GOP Rep. Charlie Dent of Pennsylvania, dismissed the Freedom Caucus about-face as ``a matter of blame-shifting and face-saving'' for a bill going nowhere. Even if the legislation passes the House it will face major hurdles in the Senate and is certain to be extensively revised if it survives at all.\nThe changes in the bill would let states escape requirements under Obama's health care law that insurers charge healthy and seriously ill customers the same rates, and cover a list of specified services like maternity care. Conservatives embraced the revisions as a way to lower people's health care expenses, but moderates saw them as diminishing coverage.\nDespite some optimism among House leaders for a quick vote on the health bill, the outcome was difficult to predict. The White House has been exerting intense pressure on House GOP leaders to deliver any tangible legislative accomplishments ahead of Trump's 100-day mark, something that has yet to occur aside from Senate confirmation of Supreme Court Justice Neil Gorsuch.\nThe massive spending measure, which would wrap together 11 unfinished spending bills into a single ``omnibus'' bill, represents the first real bipartisan legislation of Trump's presidency.\nDemocratic votes are needed to pass the measure over tea party opposition in the House and to provide enough support to clear a filibuster hurdle in the Senate, which has led negotiators to strip away controversial policy riders and ignore an $18 billion roster of unpopular spending cuts submitted by White House budget director Mick Mulvaney.\nThe outlines of a potential agreement remained fuzzy, but aides familiar with the talks said Trump would emerge with border security funding that's unrelated to the wall and a $15 billion down payment for military readiness accounts on top of $578 billion in already-negotiated Pentagon funding. Democrats won funding for medical research, Pell Grants and foreign aid.\nBut negotiators rejected Trump's demands for $1 billion to begin construction of his promised wall along the length of the 2,000-mile (3218.54-kilometer) U.S.-Mexico border. And after a dispute between Mulvaney and House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi, the administration agreed to keep funding cost-sharing payments under Obamacare that go to reimburse health insurers for reducing deductibles and co-payments for lower-income people.\n___\nAssociated Press writers Andrew Taylor and Alan Fram contributed to this report.\nAP-WF-04-27-17 0724GMT\n",
        "caption": "House Speaker Paul Ryan of Wis., accompanied by House Majority Leader Kevin McCarthy of Calif., center, and Rep. Cathy McMorris Rodgers, R-Wash., leaves a news conference after a GOP caucus meeting on Capitol Hill in Washington, April 26, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/9157D9CE-6892-40D6-AF78-F8A254DBCFD0.jpg",
        "id": "639_1",
        "answer": [
            "former President Barack Obama's Affordable Care Act"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Caucus"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_27_3827773",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_27_3827773_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What type of punishment do the people in the image operate?",
        "context": "Turkish Emergency Rule Modified Amid Mounting Criticism\nISTANBUL \u2014\u00a0\nIn the face of growing international and domestic criticism under a presidential decree, several measures have been introduced to ease some of the most controversial aspects of Turkey\u2019s State of emergency.\nThe heavily criticized 30-day pretrial detention period has been reduced to 14 and a four-day ban on detainees seeing their lawyer has been dropped.\n\"That is positive,\u201dsaid Andrew Gardner, Turkey researcher for Britain-based human rights group Amnesty International, \u201cit remains an important move, 30 days of pre-charge detention is far too long, and especially what we have seen of arbitrary denials of people to access lawyers continuing allegations of ill-treatment and torture in places of police detention, this is a really badly needed reform.\"\nBut Gardner stressed the reforms did not go far enough. More than 40,000 people have been detained and more than 100,000 removed from their jobs since the state of emergency was introduced after July\u2019s failed coup.\nPolicemen stand atop military armored vehicles after troops involved in the coup surrendered on the Bosphorus Bridge in Istanbul, Turkey, July 16, 2016.\nPressure growing\nCriticism has been steadily growing, in particular from Europe. Many analyst suggest the reforms are a response to the pressure.\n\"Turkey cannot really afford to break its relations totally with Europe and the European legal system,\u201d pointed out International relations expert Soli Ozel of Istanbul\u2019s Kadir Has University, \u201ctherefore, in order to avoid a censoring from the Council of Europe Parliament, it has basically softened some of the things about detention and whatever, and at least escaped an emergency meeting over Turkey\u2019s democratic rule.\"\nThe Council of Europe narrowly rejected a motion calling for an Emergency debate on Turkey. But analysts warn Turkish democracy could be discussed at the next parliamentary meeting in June.\nOzel argues Ankara is becoming increasingly aware that mitigating growing international criticism is key to maintaining foreign investor confidence in Turkey, \u201cThe only way people will trust there will at least in economic terms a rule of law in this country if Turkey maintain its ties to the legal structures of Europe, whatever it be in the European union or council of Europe,\u201d said Ozel.\nUnder the state of emergency over 300 companies have been seized, worth an estimated $15 billion. The companies seized are part of the crackdown on people linked to the failed coup. All the owners are accused of being followers of the U.S.-based Islamic cleric Fethullah Gulen who Ankara accuses of being behind Julys failed coup.\nFILE - U.S. based cleric Fethullah Gulen at his home in Saylorsburg, Pennsylvania, July 29, 2016. Gulen is accused of orchestrating a failed military coup in July.\n\u201cThis country is increasingly viewed as no longer a country of rule of law everything is becoming arbitrary,\u201d warned Atilla Yesilada of Global Source Partners, \u201cinternational investors are extremely anxious there is no new money coming in from my personal contacts I think there is exasperation with Turkey.\u201c On Friday Fitch the last international rating agency to give Turkey an investor grade, downgraded the country, citing political instability.\nReform called \"window dressing\"\nCountering such concerns the government has also announced the creation of a seven-person commission to offer redress to people who have lost their jobs or had businesses seized under emergency rule. Prime Minister Binali Yildirim announcing the measure said it aimed at protecting those who may have been \u201cvictimized\u201d under the state of Emergency.\nBut Amnesty International's Gardner argues given the commission appears to be little more than window dressing.\n\"It is just seven people looking into 90,000 or individual people dismissed, thousands of institutions have been closed down. So really if you look at it from a capacity perspective it is not possible to examine these claims. Also, the seven people who most of them will be appointed by the very ministries that have dismissed people. So it is not an independent appeal, it is an administrative appeal and the criteria for the appeal is not clear.\"\nGardner also said the commission could be viewed as an attempt to delay people seeking redress at the European Court of Human Rights. A person normally can only file a case at the court after all domestic avenues of legal redress have been exhausted.\nSince the state of emergency, the number of applicants filing cases at the European Court has nearly doubled from 8,400 in 2015 to 15,800, in 2016.\nAnalysts point out, the announced measures could well in part be motivated by the forthcoming referendum expected in April, on extending the powers of the president. With critics accusing both the government and president of authoritarianism, a softening of state of emergency, superficially or not, could blunt such criticism, ahead of a widely predicted close vote.\n",
        "caption": "Policemen stand atop military armored vehicles after troops involved in the coup surrendered on the Bosphorus Bridge in Istanbul, Turkey, July 16, 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/9372A7C6-5949-4DE2-BB75-882B823DDB7C.jpg",
        "id": "28453_2",
        "answer": [
            "detention"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "police"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_30_3698602",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_30_3698602_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person wearing the blue tie in the image do?",
        "context": "What Is the National Security Council?\nThe National Security Council has served as an advisory board for American presidents on all matters related to national security and foreign policy since it was created in 1947.\nThe national security adviser generally serves as chair during meetings of the council not attended by the president and is supposed to be an objective arbiter for the commander-in-chief.\nLate Monday, Michael Flynn resigned as national security adviser after it came to light he misled the administration about conversations he held with Russia\u2019s ambassador during the presidential transition process.\nPresident Donald Trump has since named retired Lt. Gen. Keith Kellogg as the acting national security adviser.\nRet. Lt. Gen. Keith Kellogg speaks to reporters at Trump Tower, Nov. 15, 2016, in New York.\nPrior to being named to the job, Flynn held a similar role as Trump\u2019s go-to national security adviser during the campaign and was the only military figure of his rank and stature to support Trump throughout the election.\nRetired U.S. Vice Admiral Robert Harward, a former Navy SEAL, was offered the position after Flynn's resignation, but turned it down, citing personal issues.\nHarward told the Associated Press the Trump administration was \u201cvery accommodating\u201d to him but he turned down the offer because he is \u201cin a unique position finally after being in the military for 40 years to enjoy some personal time.\u201d\nEach president is given wide latitude to organize and use the NSC. Some presidents have chosen to employ large NSC staffs and rely on them heavily, while others have employed small staffs and used them only occasionally.\nWhen he took office, Barack Obama dismantled the White House Homeland Security Council created by former President George Bush in the aftermath of the September 11 attacks in 2001 and folded its responsibilities in with those of the NSC.\nAt the time, Obama\u2019s national security adviser, Gen. James L. Jones, said the change would \u201callow the president to make better decisions even more rapidly.\u201d\nWhen Trump took office, he made several changes to the structure of the NSC\u2019s Principals Committee, which comprises the highest-ranking members of the full council.\nTrump gave his chief strategist, Steve Bannon, a permanent invitation to the meetings, and allows his Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and Director of National Intelligence to attend meetings only when issues arise that pertain to them.\nControversy\nFlynn became embroiled in controversy last week when The Washington Post reported he spoke to Russian Ambassador Sergey Kislyak about sanctions placed on Russia, despite repeatedly denying the conversations took place.\nNational Security Adviser Michael Flynn in the east Room of the White House in Washington, Feb. 13, 2017.\nThe discussions raised concerns he may have offered the Russians some kind of assurances that the Trump administration would lift the sanctions placed on Russia by the Obama administration. Those conversations would mark a possible violation of the Logan Act, which forbids unauthorized citizens from conducting diplomacy on behalf of the U.S.\nFlynn isn\u2019t the first national security adviser to resign after facing scandal.\nPresident Ronald Reagan had two advisers step down after being convicted for connections to the Iran-Contra affair, which involved several administration officials conspiring to illegally funnel profits from arms sales to Iran to the Contras militant group in Nicaragua.\nRobert McFarlane served as national security adviser for slightly more than two years when he resigned in 1985 for what he called personal reasons. He later pleaded guilty to withholding information from Congress in an attempt to cover up the arms sales.\nHis replacement, John Poindexter, also played a role in the Iran-Contra affair, and in 1986, also resigned after serving less than a year. He later was found guilty in connection to the scandal, but appealed the decision and had it overturned.\n",
        "caption": "U.S. National Security Advisor Michael Flynn (R) and Senior Counselor Steve Bannon board Air Force One at West Palm Beach International airport in West Palm Beach, Florida, Feb. 12, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/017EC9DE-760A-4137-8BB6-B8BA51488011.jpg",
        "id": "15473_1",
        "answer": [
            "resigned as national security adviser after it came to light he misled the administration about conversations he held with Russia\u2019s ambassador during the presidential transition process",
            "spoke to Russian Ambassador Sergey Kislyak about sanctions placed on Russia, despite repeatedly denying the conversations took place",
            "resigned as national security adviser"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Michael Flynn"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_14_3724078",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_14_3724078_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What ideology did the couple in the image provoke?",
        "context": "The Rosenberg Trial: This Day in History\nSixty-six years ago today, the famed espionage trial of Ethel and Julius Rosenberg opened in a federal court in New York. The couple stood accused of selling nuclear secrets to the Russians at the height of the Cold War.\nA series of developments after the end of the World War II created the belief the Soviet Communists were working toward global domination and that the Soviet Union posed a threat to the United States. Perhaps the most alarming took place in August 1949, when the Soviets conducted their first successful test of the atomic bomb, shocking those who operated on the belief that the Russians were years away from attaining the bomb.\n\u2018The crime of the century\u2019\nThe Rosenberg trial was sparked by the arrest for espionage of the British atomic scientist Klaus Fuchs in England in February 1950.\nFILE - A photo shows the main gate to the Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico, Feb. 25, 1955.\nDuring its probe, the Federal Bureau of Investigation found his courier, Harry Gold, in Philadelphia, who in turn led the FBI to David Greenglass, a U.S. soldier who had worked at the atomic bomb facility in Los Alamos, New Mexico.\nGreenglass testified at the trial of the Rosenbergs that he had given notes and sketches of the atomic bomb to his brother-in-law, Julius Rosenberg.\nHe went on to say Rosenberg's wife, Ethel, typed them and turned them over to the Russians. \nDavid Greenglass, serving a 15-year term for espionage, attends the Senate Internal Security subcommittee, probing the use of American citizens for Russian intelligence purposes, April 26, 1956, in Washington.\nThe prosecution\u2019s case against the Rosenbergs rested primarily on the testimony of four witnesses\u2014David and Ruth Greenglass, Harry Gold, and Max Elitcher. Elitcher, a classmate of Julius Rosenberg and Morton Sobell at the City College of New York in the late 1930s, was the only witness to name Sobell as a member of the Rosenberg espionage ring.\nDavid and Ruth Greenglass provided the only testimony linking the Rosenbergs to espionage. \nThe case became a cause celeb among American leftists, who argued the case was an extreme overreaction by the government and an inaccurate stoking of hysteria over Soviet infiltration in the American democratic political system. The reaction to the Rosenberg trial was often referred to by supporters of the couple as more evidence of a \u201cRed Scare\u201d or \u201cMcCarthyism,\u201d referring to U.S. Senator Joseph McCarthy (R-Wisconsin), famed for his claims that large numbers of Communists had infiltrated the U.S. State Department.\nFILE - Sen. Joseph McCarthy (left, on rostrum) addresses the Republican convention, July 9, 1952, defending his tactics in opposing communism against charges of those who said he was too rough.\nThe trial lasted nearly a month, finally ending on April 4, 1951 with convictions for all the defendants. The Rosenbergs were sentenced to death row on April 5. Sobell received a 30-year sentence. Greenglass got a reduced term of 15 years for his cooperation.\nThe Rosenbergs were executed in 1953.\nrenderExternalContent(\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/7lfJC5bx3Us?&&fs=1\")\nThe Rosenberg legacy\nIn 1995, after the collapse of the Soviet Union, the U.S. National Security Agency released intercepted cables, which, along with declassified documents from the Soviet archives, confirmed that Julius Rosenberg did spy for the Soviets throughout the 1940s and was part of a larger spy ring within the United States. \nAs many suspected given the scarcity of evidence against her, Ethel Rosenberg, while likely an accessory, was almost certainly not a spy. A Soviet cable from 1944 stated that Ethel was \u201csufficiently well developed politically\u201d and that she knew about her husband\u2019s espionage activities, but noted, \u201cin view of delicate health [she] does not work.\u201d\nIn 1960, David Greenglass was released from prison and rejoined his wife and children, who were living under assumed names. In 2001, Greenglass publicly admitted committing perjury on the stand in order to save Ruth from prosecution. Morton Sobell was released in 1969 and maintained his innocence until 2008, when he admitted in interviews that he had been a Soviet spy. \nSpy trial defendants Morton Sobell and Mr. and Mrs. Julius Rosenberg left to right, drive away from a New York federal courthouse, March 29, 1951.\nHowever, in 1983, Ronald Radosh, with Joyce Milton, wrote the book \"The Rosenberg File,\" in which he argued that Julius was indeed a spy, and that Ethel was not an innocent victim; rather, that she actively assisted her husband.\nrenderExternalContent(\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/el4A2FRB7cQ?&&fs=1\")\nIn 2013, Radosh backed up that assertion based on the release and examination of additional information that has been made public since the publication of his book.\n",
        "caption": "In this 1951 file photo, Ethel and Julius Rosenberg, center, are shown during their trial for espionage in New York. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/A0474885-8758-4796-995C-DA010AB41BFA.jpg",
        "id": "28869_1",
        "answer": [
            "\u201cRed Scare\u201d or \u201cMcCarthyism,\u201d"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Rosenberg"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_06_3751933",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_06_3751933_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the topic which the man wearing a suit on the image is testifying about?",
        "context": "South China Sea is Potential Flashpoint as Trump Takes Office\nSTATE DEPARTMENT \u2014\u00a0\nIf the weeks before President-elect Donald Trump\u2019s inauguration are any indication, the South China Sea could be a potential flashpoint in 2017.\nTrump's secretary of state nominee Rex Tillerson voiced a much tougher tone with China at his Senate confirmation hearing, telling U.S. lawmakers that China\u2019s island-building in the disputed waters was illegal and \u201cakin to Russia\u2019s taking of Crimea.\u201d\n\u201cWe are going to have to send China a clear signal that, first, the island-building stops. And second, your access to those islands also is not going to be allowed,\u201d said Tillerson.\nWatch: Trump, China and the South China Sea: Will Tensions Grow?\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTrump, China and the South China Sea: Will Tensions Grow?\nShare this video\n0:02:15\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:15\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 5.6MB\n360p | 6.6MB\n720p | 47.5MB\n1080p | 32.6MB\nTrump's secretary of defense nominee, Retired General James Mattis, also signaled grave concerns during his confirmation hearing.\n\u201cI think it [the world order] is under the biggest attack since World War II, and that\u2019s from Russia, from terrorist groups and with what China is doing in the South China Sea,\u201d said Mattis.\nTheir remarks set the tone for a much tougher stand of the new administration in its relations with China.\nMeanwhile, the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs confirmed earlier this month that a group of Chinese warships led by its Liaoning aircraft carrier is testing weapons and equipment in exercises in the South China Sea.\nChina\u2019s state-run Global Times wrote in an editorial that the drill is an indication the combat capability of Liaoning, China\u2019s first aircraft carrier, \u201chas enhanced and its areas of operation have expanded.\u201d\n\u201cThe Chinese fleet will cruise to the Eastern Pacific sooner or later,\u201d which would extend to the seas off the West coast of the U.S., said Global Times in the commentary.\nAnd while China has returned an American unmanned underwater vehicle (UUV) that was seized last month by a Chinese navy ship, it was seen as a sign of what is to come from an increasingly assertive Beijing in the South China Sea.\nThat signal is reinforced by China\u2019s ongoing efforts to fortify its man-made islands in the South China Sea.\nHow Trump decides to push back against China\u2019s assertiveness could become a source of escalated tensions or even military strife, according to analysts.\n\u201cJust the fact that the U.S. will continue to accelerate the freedom of navigation operations, and then you have the number of Chinese ships, including their maritime militia which are basically disguised as fishing boats, the likelihood of some sort of confrontation flare-up remains, and I wouldn\u2019t be at all surprised if something happened,\u201d Robert Manning from the Atlantic Council told VOA.\nVital to US interests\nTrump has said that China is \u201cbuilding a massive fortress in the middle of the South China Sea, which it shouldn\u2019t be doing.\u201d Commercial satellite imagery shows China has been building anti-aircraft and anti-missile systems on the artificial islands it has constructed.\nDuring the campaign, Trump also pledged to rebuild the U.S. armed forces from the damage suffered under the sequestration budget cuts. His advocacy for an increase to the Navy and Air Force are particularly significant in the context of the Asia-Pacific region.\nObservers said they would be watching closely for any sign of the new administration\u2019s willingness, or unwillingness, to accept risk in response to China\u2019s recent assertive behavior.\n\u201cRegional experts will judge the new administration on where and when it conducts its first freedom of navigation operation (FONOP) in Asia. China too may be tempted to test the new administration\u2019s policies with assertive operations,\u201d reads a commentary published by Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS.)\nBonnie Glaser, who is CSIS Senior Adviser, is one of the authors of the commentary.\n\u201cThe incoming administration probably wants to signal that these FONOPs will continue, so I would expect that one will take place before the end of February,\u201d Glaser who told VOA.\nGlaser said \u201cthe intended warning\u201d by Tillerson \u201cwas probably that the Chinese shouldn\u2019t use these islands to interfere with freedom of navigation in the air and sea.\u201d\nSecretary of State-designate Rex Tillerson testifies on Capitol Hill in Washington, Jan. 11, 2017, at his confirmation hearing before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee.\nAlthough the United States is not a claimant to the sovereignty over disputed islands in the South China Sea, Washington said it is vital to its national interests that various claimants pursue their claims peacefully, and in accordance with the international law.\nUnder the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), a vessel is permitted to conduct innocent passage through a coastal state\u2019s territorial sea without prior permission as long as it does so continuously and expeditiously.\nThe U.S. freedom of navigation operations in the South China Sea reaffirmed this right against China\u2019s attempt to impose restraints on it.\n\u201cIt\u2019s important for the president-elect to push back and say that America is going to stand by its national interest,\u201d Chairman of the Idaho Republican Party Stephen Yates told VOA.\nEarly challenge?\nIn a Skype interview, Yates said, \u201cChina may do something to challenge early on\u201d in the Trump administration. Yates served in the White House during the George W. Bush administration from 2001 through 2005.\n\u201cI recalled the 2001 April 1st EP-3 incidence, it\u2019s a big difficulty for the Bush administration. I certainly hope nothing like that will be on the horizon, but we have to be careful.\u201d\nThe serious incident of April 2001 between Washington and Beijing involved a collision over the South China Sea between a U.S. Navy EP-3 reconnaissance plane and a People\u2019s Liberation Army (PLA) naval F-8 fighter that crashed.\nAfter surviving the near-fatal accident, the U.S. crew made an emergency landing of their damaged plane onto a PLA airfield on Hainan Island, where they were detained for 11 days. Washington and Beijing disagreed over the cause of the accident, and argued over the release of the crew and plane.\nA Chinese J-11 fighter jet is seen flying near a U.S. Navy P-8 Poseidon about 215 km (135 miles) east of China's Hainan Island in this U.S. Department of Defense handout photo taken Aug. 19, 2014.\nIn the longer term, the incident has implications for the right of the United States and other nations\u2019 aircraft to fly in international airspace over the South China Sea.\nWhile freedom of navigation operations are necessary to assert maritime rights available to all governments under international law, observers said such operations should not be confused as efforts to reverse China\u2019s reclamation, construction or militarization in the South China Sea because the time is too late for that.\n\u201cI think there is a consensus growing in Washington, and in other capitals like Canberra and Tokyo, that the Obama administration was too passive, too reactive, and too slow, as China reclaims land, builds military facilities, runways, increases the operations and the numbers of its PLAs, coast guard ships and planes,\u201d Georgetown University associate professor Michael Green told VOA.\nGreen, who served as a senior official at the White House National Security Council during the Bush administration from 2001 to 2005, said \u201cthere has to be a more robust [U.S.] presence\u201d in the South China Sea.\n",
        "caption": "Secretary of State-designate Rex Tillerson testifies on Capitol Hill in Washington, Jan. 11, 2017, at his confirmation hearing before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/FDD563A3-EFFF-4A7F-9DF7-29BCE46EA8F7.jpg",
        "id": "1432_3",
        "answer": [
            "China\u2019s island-building"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Rex Tillerson"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_13_3675223",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_13_3675223_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the group of the bleeding person in the image?",
        "context": "Venezuela Representative Storms From Regional Meeting\nCARACAS/WASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nVenezuela's representative to the Organization of American States stormed out of a session of the 34-nation bloc on Monday, calling the meeting a \"coup d'etat,\" as regional pressure grew for President Nicolas Maduro to fully restore democratic rule in the country.\nThe meeting of the OAS Permanent Council was called at the weekend by 20 countries, including the United States, concerned about democratic erosion in Venezuela under Maduro.\nIn a controversial move last week, Venezuela's Supreme Court ruled that it was assuming functions of the opposition-led National Assembly. Critics viewed the ruling as a step toward dictatorship by Maduro's Socialist Party, which has ruled for 18 years.\nThe head of the OAS, Luis Almagro, has called for Venezuela to be expelled from the group, a move that would further isolate Maduro.\nMember countries of the OAS could separately impose sanctions on Venezuela as a form of pressure.\nMonday's meeting at first was canceled, but the bloc began a session in the afternoon despite objections from Maduro's leftist ally Bolivia, which took the bloc's presidency.\nThe meeting proceeded with Honduras as chair.\nSamuel Moncada, Venezuela's deputy minister of foreign affairs for North America, rejected a resolution condemning developments in Venezuela as an \"act of treason.\"\n\"The convening of this meeting is illegal, we reject it and denounce it to the whole world. This is a coup d'etat right here in the OAS,\" he said.\nReferring to the judiciary's takeover last week of the congress' responsibility, which was later rowed back following international outcry, Moncada said: \"You're imagining something that no longer exists so that you can promote intervention in Venezuela.\"\nThe meeting later adopted a resolution calling on Venezuela to restore the full authority of the National Assembly and to restore democratic order by exercising democracy and the rule of law under the constitution.\nKeeping up Pressure\nVenezuela's opposition sought to keep pressure on Maduro's government with scattered protests on Monday.\nOne group of protesters tried to block a major Caracas highway and another dropped a pile of straw in front of court offices to protest the judiciary's takeover last week of congress' responsibilities.\nOne opposition lawmaker, Juan Requesens of the Justice First party who is often at the forefront of protests, suffered a gash in the head after being hit by a stone during a fracas outside the public ombudsman's office, witnesses said.\nOpposition lawmaker Juan Requesens, center, is escorted out by his colleagues after he was hit in the forehead by alleged government supporters as he protested with a group of fellow lawmakers outside of the Ombudsman's offices in Caracas, Venezuela, Apri\nProtesters took live chickens there to symbolize cowardice, but were confronted by government supporters.\nOpponents want to bring forward Venezuela's next presidential election, slated for the end of 2018, to try to end Maduro's rule.\nMaduro alleges a U.S.-led coup plot against his government.\nOne opposition party, COPEI, said two of its members were arrested on Sunday and Monday.\nOpposition lawmakers, Jose maul Olivares, left, Juan Requesens, second left, Carlos Paparoni, second right, and Jose Brito, shout \"Elections now\" during a protest at the Ombudsman's office in Caracas, Venezuela, April 3, 2017.\nRights groups say that more than 100 political leaders and activists are in jail, mostly on trumped-up charges. Officials say all are imprisoned on legitimate criminal accusations.\nMilitary intelligence agents picked up COPEI's Roberto Enriquez and Eduardo Vetancourt and accused them of \"rebellion\" and \"treason,\" the party said.\n\"This is a fresh attack on those who think differently to the government,\" it said in a statement.\nTwo military officers have also been detained in recent days, a local rights group says.\n",
        "caption": "Opposition lawmaker Juan Requesens, center, is escorted out by his colleagues after he was hit in the forehead by alleged government supporters as he protested with a group of fellow lawmakers outside of the Ombudsman's offices in Caracas, Venezuela, Apri",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D948BB4D-726B-4E13-ABC0-B6C38840C584.jpg",
        "id": "22326_2",
        "answer": [
            "Justice First party",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Juan Requesens"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_03_3794659",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_03_3794659_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person on the left of the image do that caused issues?",
        "context": "Turkish-EU Talks Rekindle Membership, Human Rights Hopes\nISTANBUL \u2014\u00a0\nEuropean Union and Turkish officials are scheduled to meet in Brussels Tuesday to try and put Turkey\u2019s decades-long, on-again, off-again bid to join the EU back on track.\nTurkish-EU relations recently hit one of their lowest ebbs following a bitter war of words between Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan and Brussels over his controversial referendum to extend his powers. The latest effort to reset ties was the fruit of Erdogan\u2019s visit to Brussels after his April referendum victory.\n\u201cIt\u2019s very encouraging because it shows both sides are willing to maintain dialogue,\" said Unal Cevikoz, a retired Turkish ambassador to London who now heads the Ankara Policy Forum research group.\n\"If the dialogue is interrupted, then it will be very difficult to start that kind of contact again. They [Erdogan and EU leaders] have also agreed on a road map which will continue for one year and, in this road map, that certain steps ... have to be taken, step by step.\"\nShared interests in dealing with the Syrian refugee crisis and regional security concerns have provided a powerful incentive to reset relations. Brussels hopes that will give it new leverage to press Ankara over its ongoing crackdown following a coup attempt last July. The crackdown has resulted in more than 100,000 people losing their jobs and the arrests of more than 50,000 others, including many presidential critics.\n\u201cThere is a serious attempt in Turkey by pro-democratic forces to keep the democratic flag flying, and support from democrats and democratic regimes around the world, including the EU, is needed,\u201d said Al-Monitor columnist Semih Idiz \u201cBut pressure from Europe on this score, unless accompanied by some tangible carrot, will not have many results and could aggravate the situation further.\u201d\nErdogan is pressing for the opening of new EU membership chapters (i.e., statutes). Currently, 16 out of the 35 membership chapters required to join the EU have been opened and only one has been completed.\n\u201cThe priority should be Chapters 23 and 24 because these are very much in relation to justice and judiciary, the rule of law, fundamental rights and freedoms,\u201d said Cevikoz.\nThe call to open Chapters 23 and 24 is backed by Turkey's main opposition Republican People\u2019s Party, along with human rights groups. Opening those chapters is opposed by the Greek Cypriot government in connection with its ongoing dispute with Ankara over the divided Mediterranean island. Other EU members, however, privately say not opening those chapters would be exploited by Erdogan.\nThere are growing doubts over Brussels' commitment to confronting Ankara over its human rights record. \"The role of appeasement is not going to work with Turkey,\u201d said Emma Sinclair-Webb, senior Turkey researcher for the U.S.-based Human Rights Watch.\n\"It\u2019s no good for the EU to turn a blind eye to the head of Amnesty International in Turkey being jailed, to the crackdown in civil society in Turkey, the way the media has been decimated in Turkey,\u201d she said.\nLast week, Taner Kilic, the head of Amnesty International in Turkey, was charged with supporting terrorism in connection with July\u2019s failed coup and jailed.\nSinclair-Webb added that \u201cthe EU is much more focused on keeping refugees and migrants out of EU and on counterterrorism cooperation, and all of that has put human rights very much on the back burner for the EU.\u201d\nLast March, Ankara signed an agreement with Brussels to stem the flow of millions of migrants and refugees entering the EU. Erdogan has repeatedly threatened to end the deal, accusing Brussels of failing to honor its commitment to grant visa-free travel for Turks to the EU. Keeping the deal alive is widely seen as a priority for Brussels.\nEU members are also courting Ankara for greater security cooperation in the war against Islamic State. Turkey, which borders Syria and Iraq, is the main route for jihadists seeking to enter Europe. According to Turkish authorities, the suicide bomber responsible for last month's blast outside of a concert in Manchester entered the UK via Istanbul, while one of the assailants in this month's attack in London tried last year to enter Syria by traveling to Istanbul.\nAnalysts say Turkey's role in counterterrorism will grow with Islamic State facing defeat in Iraq and Syria. Many European jihadists are expected to try and return home.\nCengiz Aktar, a political scientist and expert on European affairs, said \u201cEU-Turkish relations will be revised completely in coming months.\"\n\"Turkey\u2019s relationship will be limited to the refugee deal and an enhanced free trade agreement,\" he added. \"Not only will the Turkish regime not let the EU meddle in Turkish politics, but the Europeans are not interested in saving Turkish democracy. They [Ankara and Brussels] both agree on that.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan (L) stands with European Council President Donald Tusk before a meeting at the European Council in Brussels, Belgium, May 25, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/53B240C8-AFCC-48EA-B34C-360E6441A5BB.jpg",
        "id": "1515_1",
        "answer": [
            "referendum to extend his powers",
            "his controversial referendum to extend his powers"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Recep Tayyip Erdogan",
            "Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_12_3897104",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_12_3897104_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who did the person with the red tie in the image hail?",
        "context": "Reports: Trump National Security Pick Had Multiple Calls With Russian Envoy\nPresident-elect Donald Trump\u2019s incoming national security advisor, Michael Flynn, reportedly had several telephone conversations with Russia\u2019s ambassador on December 29, the same day President Barack Obama ousted 35 Russian diplomats and imposed other sanctions in response to Russia\u2019s apparent attempts to influence last year\u2019s presidential election.\nA senior U.S. official said Friday the Obama administration is aware of the calls and other frequent communications between Flynn and Russia\u2019s ambassador, according to The Associated Press.\nTrump spokesman Sean Spicer confirmed to reporters Friday that Flynn and the ambassador communicated on December 28 and discussed setting up a call between Trump and Russian President Vladimir Putin after Trump\u2019s January 20 inauguration. Spicer added they also exchanged Christmas greetings via text message (SMS) over the holidays. He did not confirm that Flynn spoke with the Russian diplomat on December 29.\nDiscussions between incoming administrations and foreign governments are not unusual, but multiple discussions on the day of the U.S. retaliatory actions would raise questions about whether Flynn and the ambassador discussed a possible Russian response.\nOne day after the sanctions and the expulsion of dozens of Russian officials from the U.S., Putin said he did not plan to retaliate. Trump, who has repeatedly praised Putin, applauded the Russian president\u2019s decision.\nFILE - Retired U.S. Army Lieutenant General Michael Flynn stands by the elevators as he arrives at Trump Tower where U.S. President-elect Donald Trump lives in New York.\nFlynn\u2019s multiple phone calls with Russia\u2019s ambassador was first reported Thursday by Washington Post columnist David Ignatius, who wrote that the calls could be in violation of the Logan Act, a more than 200-year-old law that prohibits U.S. citizens from trying to influence foreign governments that are engaged in disputes with the U.S.\nWall Street Journal interview\nIn an interview with the Wall Street Journal, the president-elect said he will probably maintain some of the Obama administration\u2019s recent sanctions against Russia, although he adds that he might do away with them if Russia works with the U.S. on battling terrorists and achieving other goals.\nIn the interview, published Friday night, Trump said that \u201cif Russia is really helping us, why would anybody have sanctions?\u201d\nObama imposed the sanctions in retaliation for alleged Russian interference in the U.S. election.\nTrump also says he is open to meeting with Putin after his inauguration.\nThe Journal also asked Trump if he is committed to the \u201cOne China\u201d policy, in which the U.S. doesn\u2019t officially recognize Taiwan\u2019s breakaway government.\nHe responded, \u201cEverything is under negotiation.\u201d\nRussian hacking, Clinton emails\nMeanwhile, in a series of tweets Friday, Trump renewed last week's vow to release a report on Russia\u2019s alleged hacking of last year\u2019s presidential election within 90 days, made accusations about unconfirmed reports containing compromising information about him, and launched another attack against former presidential opponent Hillary Clinton.\nU.S. Intelligence agencies have said that Russian hacking interfered with election results, a claim the president-elect asserted to be true Wednesday during a news conference.\nBut Trump appeared to reverse himself on Friday, when he tweeted the conclusions reached by the U.S. intelligence community were not based on evidence of Russian cyber-interference in the presidential election.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;It now turns out that the phony allegations against me were put together by my political opponents and a failed spy afraid of being sued....\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/819863039902097408\\\"\\u0026gt;January 13, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nThe president-elect also strongly denied unsubstantiated reports that Russia has compromising personal information about him. Trump accused \"sleazebag political operatives,\" \"political opponents,\" and \"intelligence\" operatives of fabricating and releasing the information.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;Totally made up facts by sleazebag political operatives, both Democrats and Republicans - FAKE NEWS! Russia says nothing exists. Probably...\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/819864373988573184\\\"\\u0026gt;January 13, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;released by \\\"Intelligence\\\" even knowing there is no proof, and never will be. My people will have a full report on hacking within 90 days!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/819865802849587200\\\"\\u0026gt;January 13, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nEarlier this week, the BuzzFeed digital media site posted online what it said was the full dossier in question, which alleged tawdry personal conduct by Trump on a visit to Moscow and that Russia\u2019s government had been \u201ccultivating, supporting and assisting Trump\u201d for years.\nU.S. Director of National Intelligence James Clapper said Wednesday he told Trump the intelligence community did not create the document of unconfirmed claims.\nDirector of National Intelligence James Clapper arrives for a Senate Armed Services Committee hearing about worldwide threats, on Capitol Hill, Feb. 9, 2016, in Washington.\nAlthough Trump\u2019s victorious presidential run ended more than two months ago, he continues to attack his Democratic presidential rival, Hillary Clinton.\nTrump\u2019s latest attacks against Clinton came one day after the Justice Department announced it will investigate F.B.I. Director James Comey\u2019s decision to again review Clinton\u2019s improper use of emails while she was Secretary of State days before the election, prompting accusations from Clinton\u2019s campaign aides that the F.B.I. influenced voters.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;What are Hillary Clinton%27s people complaining about with respect to the F.B.I. Based on the information they had she should never.....\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/819867246352801792\\\"\\u0026gt;January 13, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;have been allowed to run - guilty as hell. They were VERY nice to her. She lost because she campaigned in the wrong states - no enthusiasm!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/819868066364461058\\\"\\u0026gt;January 13, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nTrump has several meetings scheduled Friday, including with Marillyn Hewson, CEO of Lockheed Martin Corporation, which manufactures the F-35 fighter jet. After meeting in Trump tower with the president-elect, Hewson told reporters she is close to finalizing an agreement to significantly lower the cost of the fifth-generation combat plane.\nHewson also said Lockheed plans to create 1,800 new jobs at its Fort Worth, Texas facility, a move she said would add \u201cthousands and thousands of jobs\u201d across the supply chain in 45 U.S. states.\n",
        "caption": "President-elect Donald Trump, left, accompanied by Trump Chief of Staff Reince Priebus, right, and Retired Gen. Michael Flynn, a senior adviser to Trump, center, speaks to members of the media at Mar-a-Lago, in Palm Beach, Fla., Dec. 21, 2016. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/A42FE210-EAE8-4D29-A25C-EE671EFC9B1E.jpg",
        "id": "10614_1",
        "answer": [
            "Putin",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Donald Trump",
            "Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_13_3675468",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_13_3675468_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who protected the territory of the person on the right of the image's country?",
        "context": "Israeli Cabinet Approves First West Bank Settlement in 20 Years\nJERUSALEM \u2014\u00a0\nIsrael's security cabinet on Thursday approved the building of the first new settlement in the occupied West Bank in two decades, even as Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu negotiates with Washington on a possible curb on settlement activity.\nThe unanimous vote in favor of construction of the new settlement in an area called Emek Shilo came after Netanyahu earlier told reporters: \u201cI made a promise that we would establish a new settlement ... We will keep it today.\u201d\nThe result of the vote was announced in a government statement.\nPLO condemns vote\nPalestinian officials swiftly condemned the move.\n\u201cToday's announcement once again proves that Israel is more committed to appeasing its illegal settler population than to abiding by the requirements for stability and a just peace,\u201d said Hanan Ashrawi, an executive committee member of the Palestine Liberation Organization.\nThere was no immediate reaction from U.S. President Donald Trump's administration, which is in discussions with Israel on limiting the construction of settlements on land Palestinians seek for a state.\nSuch settlements, in territory that Israel captured in the 1967 Middle East war, are deemed illegal by most of the world.\nIsrael cites biblical, historical and political links to the land, as well as security interests, to defend its actions.\nIsraeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu chairs the weekly cabinet meeting, in Jerusalem, Feb. 19, 2017.\nPrime minister keeps his word \nNetanyahu first promised the new settlement at Emek Shilo in February, shortly before dozens of Israeli families were evicted from another West Bank settlement called Amona. Their houses were razed after Israel's Supreme Court said they were built illegally on privately owned Palestinian land.\nEstablishing a new settlement may be a way for Netanyahu to appease far-right members of his coalition government who are likely to object to any concessions to U.S. demands for restraints on building.\nIsraeli political sources, however, said the new construction would actually take place within the boundaries of an existing settlement. The new community would then be declared its own settlement, a nuance that might be enough to stave off possible U.S. opposition to the move.\nTrump, who had been widely seen in Israel as sympathetic towards settlements, appeared to surprise Netanyahu during a White House visit last month when he urged him to \u201chold back on settlements for a little bit.\u201d\nThe two then agreed that their aides would try to work out a compromise on how much Israel can build and where.\nU.S. President Trump's peace process envoy Jason Greenblatt, left, meets with Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas at the President's office in the West Bank city of Ramallah, March 14, 2017.\nPresident's envoy pushes peace talks\nTrump's Middle East envoy, Jason Greenblatt, this week wrapped up a second trip to the region aimed at reviving Middle East peace talks that collapsed in 2014.\nA new settlement would be the first built in the West Bank since 1999. About 400,000 Israeli settlers live in the West Bank which is also home to 2.8 million Palestinians. Another 200,000 Israelis live in East Jerusalem.\nPalestinians want the West Bank and East Jerusalem for their own state, along with the Gaza Strip.\n",
        "caption": "U.S. President Trump's peace process envoy Jason Greenblatt, left, meets with Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas at the President's office in the West Bank city of Ramallah, March 14, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/99034709-3FDD-4A34-8843-574E6080B942.jpg",
        "id": "29548_3",
        "answer": [
            "Israel's Supreme Court"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Palestinian"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_30_3789977",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_30_3789977_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "How many people will be placed in the ground in the image?",
        "context": "Brazil Prison Riot, a \u2018Butchery Foretold,' Sparks Fear of More Killings\nSAO PAULO \u2014\u00a0\nThe killing of 56 inmates by fellow prisoners in Brazil's deadliest jail uprising in decades was a \u201cbutchery foretold\u201d by escalating turf wars between drug gangs that threatens to plunge a chaotic penitentiary system deeper into violence.\nPrior to this week's massacre of members of the First Capital Command (PCC) in the Anisio Jobim penitentiary in the jungle city of Manaus, security experts warned for months about intensifying clashes in prisons between Brazil's two most powerful drug gangs \u2014 the Sao Paulo-based PCC and the Red Command, based in Rio de Janeiro.\nNow they fear the feud will escalate in prisons and on the streets of the South American nation of 207 million people. Rio, Brazil's most popular tourist destination, is particularly vulnerable, along with major cities in the north and northeast, the experts say.\n\u201cThis situation is tense, very ripe for new tragedies,\u201d said Camila Dias, a sociologist at the Federal University of ABC in Sao Paulo, who is an expert on Brazil's prison system and author of a book on the PCC. \"This was a butchery foretold.\"\nUneasy working relationship\nFor more than two decades, the PCC and Red Command maintained an uneasy working relationship to ensure a steady flow of marijuana, cocaine and guns over Brazil's porous borders and into its cities.\nBut in June the partnership ended with the killing of Jorge Rafaat Toumani, a powerful Brazilian drug lord based in Paraguay who controlled trafficking routes along Brazil's southeastern border.\nWhile Toumani was not publicly affiliated to one group or another, and details of his death remain murky, Paraguayan officials believe he was killed at the PCC's behest so it could seize his lucrative trafficking routes.\nWhat is clear, security experts say, is that the PCC has taken control of Toumani's former domain. As a result, relations between the PCC and Red Command fell apart.\nRelatives are shown during a funeral of one of the inmates who died during a prison riot in Manaus, Brazil, Jan. 4, 2017.\nGangs clash in three prisons \nCommunications between the factions' leaders obtained by police and leaked in October, revealed a race to become Brazil's dominant gang. That same month, clashes between gang members in three prisons elsewhere in Brazil's Amazon left 22 dead.\nControl of the drug gangs' turf has been increasingly divided in recent months. That has left the Red Command weaker and allowed the PCC \u2014 powered by proceeds from their base in Sao Paulo, Brazil's richest city \u2014 to encroach on their turf in Rio.\nBrazilian intelligence services say that in response, the Red Command is strengthening ties with smaller groups elsewhere, like the North Family gang that carried out the slaughter of PCC members in the Manaus prison this week.\nMore gang fights feared\nFew now expect the PCC to turn the other cheek after dozens of its members were killed, including many who were decapitated. Videos of the slaughter have spread widely on social media.\n\u201cWithin the criminal code of conduct, an act like what we saw in the Manaus prison will never go unanswered,\u201d said Rafael Alcadipani, a public security expert at the Getulio Vargas Foundation think tank in Sao Paulo.\nHe predicts gang battles in prisons across Brazil and on the streets of northern cities and Rio.\n\u201cThe civilian population will be at the mercy of this coming war,\u201d he said.\nGang leaders transferred\nBrazil's justice minister, Alexandre Moraes, and other government security officials have played down such fears, saying they are transferring imprisoned drug gang leaders to maximum security jails, where they will remain in isolation.\nIn theory this will stop them from handing down orders to underlings, but in the past isolated gang leaders have still managed to retain control over their networks.\nWhether run by the state, or privately operated facilities like the one in Manaus, most Brazilian prisons lack resources \u2014 which allows prisoners to easily take control of them and carry out massacres like the one seen this week. Horrific conditions and abuses are well documented.\nThere are 622,000 inmates in Brazil's prison population, ranking only behind the United States, China and Russia, according to the University of London's Institute for Criminal Policy Research.\nFlowers are left by relatives during the funeral of one of the inmates who died during a prison riot, at the Taruma cemetery in Manaus, Brazil, Jan. 4, 2017.\nTough numbers\nPoor financing and administration mean that even in Sao Paulo, Brazil's wealthiest state, a single guard oversees 300 to 400 prisoners in some prisons, said Dias, the sociologist. \u201cWhen the prisoners want to have an uprising, they have an uprising,\u201d she added.\nThe Justice Ministry did not respond to requests for comment, but just last week the federal government announced it was immediately freeing 1.2 billion reais ($372.50 million) in funding for states to improve or build jails.\nSergio Fontes, the top security official in Amazonas state, where Manaus is located, insists the state government has not lost control of the penitentiary system.\nMany public security experts disagree. They argue that the prisons mirror an overall lack of security in a country where authorities have long tolerated high homicide rates.\n",
        "caption": "A worker prepares graves for inmates who died during a prison riot, at the cemetery of Taruma in Manaus, Brazil, Jan. 4, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/CF5DB819-56DA-4010-BACE-179818DD6413.jpg",
        "id": "10149_1",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "56"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "inmates"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_04_3663304",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_04_3663304_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person speaking in the image do multiple times?",
        "context": "Trump Gets Back to Business, One Day After Campaign Rally \nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. President Donald Trump plans to get back to the business of governing, one day after a huge rally in Florida where he once again denounced the press.\nAt his lavish Mar-a-Lago club in Florida where he is spending the weekend, the president plans to spend Sunday interviewing several candidates aiming to be his new national security adviser.\nTrump told reporters on Air Force One Saturday, \u201cmany, many that want the job.\u2019\u2019 Trump said \u201cI\u2019ve been thinking about someone for the last three or four days, we\u2019ll see what happens. I\u2019m meeting with that person. They\u2019re all good, they\u2019re all great people.\u2019\u2019\nAmong those scheduled to meet with Trump concerning the position are his acting adviser, retired Army Lt. Gen. Keith Kellogg; John Bolton, a former U.S. ambassador to the United Nations; Army Lt. Gen. H.R. McMaster; and the superintendent of the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, Lt. Gen. Robert Caslen.\nPresident Donald Trump is interviewing at least four potential candidates to serve as his new national security adviser, including, clockwise from top left, retired Army Lt. Gen. Keith Kellogg; a former U.S. ambassador to the United Nations, John Bolton; Army Lt. Gen. H.R. McMaster; and the superintendent of the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, Lt. Gen. Robert Caslen.\nThe White House has said there could be other meetings for the job, which became open when retired Gen. Michael Flynn was fired from the position last week early in the new administration.\nTrump also planned several phone conversations with foreign leaders and a policy meeting on health care.\nFlorida rally\nOn Saturday during a large campaign-style rally, Trump declared his administration has been making \u201cincredible progress,\u201d but complained again about what he called dishonest reporting by American news media.\nA crowd of supporters gathered in an airport hangar in Melbourne, Florida, loudly cheered Trump\u2019s comments. Some held signs urging him to run for re-election in 2020, even though his four-year term as president began a little less than a month ago.\nTrump repeated many of the angry comments he made about news reporters during a 77-minute news conference at the White House Thursday. He said most mainstream media outlets are purveyors of \u201cfake news\u201d and accused reporters of lying about their sources.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-partner=\\\"tweetdeck\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p lang=\\\"en\\\" dir=\\\"ltr\\\"\\u0026gt;The FAKE NEWS media (failing \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/nytimes\\\"\\u0026gt;@nytimes\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;, \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/NBCNews\\\"\\u0026gt;@NBCNews\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;, \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/ABC\\\"\\u0026gt;@ABC\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;, \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/CBS\\\"\\u0026gt;@CBS\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;, \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/CNN\\\"\\u0026gt;@CNN\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;) is not my enemy, it is the enemy of the American People!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/832708293516632065\\\"\\u0026gt;February 17, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\n\u201cThey\u2019ve become a big part of the problem,\u201d he said.\nThe president then recounted what he said were the many things his administration has done in the past four weeks.\nWatch: Trump Rallies Supporters in Florida \u2018Without the Filter of Fake News\u2019\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTrump Rallies Supporters in Florida \u2018Without the Filter of Fake News\u2019\nShare this video\n0:01:21\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:21\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 4.0MB\n360p | 6.3MB\n480p | 31.6MB\n\u201cI want to be among the people.\u201d\n\u201cI\u2019m here to tell you the incredible progress we have made in making America great again,\u201d he said.\n\u201cOur plans for the future, they\u2019re big and they\u2019re bold and it\u2019s what our country is all about, believe me,\u201d he said to prolonged cheers.\nMelbourne police said about 9,000 people attended the president\u2019s rally. The U.S. Air Force One was parked nearby, bathed in spotlights.\nPeople wait to hear President Donald Trump speak at his \"Make America Great Again Rally\" at Orlando-Melbourne International Airport in Melbourne, Fla., Feb. 18, 2017.\nTrump rebutted news reports that the White House staff is disorganized, inefficient and overly contentious. He said again this was the result of false reporting.\n\u201cThe White House is running so smoothly,\u201d the president said, with his wife, first lady Melania Trump, standing nearby smiling. \u201cAnd we inherited one big mess.\u201d\nNew health care plan coming soon\nHe echoed promises from his election campaign of better schools, better jobs for American workers and a better health care system.\nWatch: Trump: Health Care Plan to Replace 'Obamacare' to be Submitted Soon\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTrump: Health Care Plan to Replace 'Obamacare' to be Submitted Soon\nShare this video\n0:00:32\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:32\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 1.6MB\n360p | 2.8MB\n480p | 14.2MB\n\u201cAnd by the way,\u201d Trump added, \u201cwe are going to be submitting in a couple of weeks a great health care plan that\u2019s going to take the place of the disaster known as Obamacare\u201d \u2014 a reference to the Affordable Care Act, written into law during the administration of former president Barack Obama.\nThe president promised the government-backed, health care system \u201cwill be repealed and replaced,\u201d although he gave no details.\nWatch: Trump Allows Supporter Onstage at Florida Rally\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTrump Allows Supporter Onstage at Florida Rally\nShare this video\n0:00:34\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:34\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 1.8MB\n360p | 3.0MB\n480p | 17.6MB\nAt one point, Trump pulled up onto the stage a supporter and asked him to address the crowd. \nThe young man, who wore a T-shirt with Trump\u2019s name and the presidential seal, had been held back in the crowd by Secret Service agents as he tried to press forward, but the president called to the agents to let him through.\n\u201cI wouldn\u2019t say Secret Service was thrilled with that,\u201d Trump said in an aside to the crowd, \u201c...but we know our people.\u201d\nA supporter invited onstage by U.S. President Donald Trump puts his hand to his chest during a \"Make America Great Again\" rally at Orlando Melbourne International Airport in Melbourne, Florida, Feb. 18, 2017.\nDuring the short flight to Melbourne from Trump\u2019s Mar-a-Lago resort in Palm Beach, Florida, a reporter asked why Trump was holding a campaign-type rally so soon after November\u2019s election. \n\u201cLife is a campaign,\u201d Trump replied. \u201cTo make America great again is absolutely a campaign. It\u2019s not easy, especially when we\u2019re also fighting the press.\u201d\nOver the past four weeks, Trump has struggled with media reports about chaos in the White House, his ban on travelers from seven Muslim-majority nations was struck down in court, he was forced to fire his national security adviser, and his administration is now coping with an expanding story about contacts between his campaign officials and the Russian government before he was elected.\nOrganizers had said 30,000 people were expected to attend the rally on Florida\u2019s Atlantic coast, but the account from local police and reporters on the scene indicated total attendance was much lower. A few dozen protesters were outside the airport, local media reports said.\nCampaign-style rallies like Saturday\u2019s event have occurred during previous U.S. administrations. Obama held several similar events early in his presidency to build support for his economic-stimulus package. What was slightly different about Trump\u2019s rally, however, was that it was funded by the Trump campaign organization, already working on plans for an election still 37 months away.\nTrump filed re-election paperwork with election officials just a few hours after he was sworn-in as president, allowing him to continue raising campaign funds. Finance reports show his campaign raised $9.6 million in December.\n",
        "caption": "A supporter invited onstage by U.S. President Donald Trump puts his hand to his chest during a \"Make America Great Again\" rally at Orlando Melbourne International Airport in Melbourne, Florida, Feb. 18, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/927C75F5-27CC-4D72-B7FD-190A6FFDDC1F.jpg",
        "id": "6090_4",
        "answer": [
            "denounced the press",
            "Denounce the press "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Donald Trump",
            "Donald Trump \n"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_18_3730221",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_18_3730221_4"
    },
    {
        "question": "What action did the group that the man in the image belongs to take before he was accused of crimes?",
        "context": "South Africa's ANC Calls for Inquiry Into Zuma-Gupta Ties\nJOHANNESBURG \u2014\u00a0\nSouth Africa\u2019s ruling ANC party has called for an investigation into potentially explosive graft allegations against President Jacob Zuma and government officials. Two media outlets say they have obtained tens of thousands of emails and documents showing undue influence by the wealthy Gupta family.\nPresident Jacob Zuma finds himself embroiled in yet another corruption scandal.\nOn Thursday, two South African media outlets, the Daily Maverick and Amabhungane, published reports saying they have unearthed over 100,000 emails and documents purporting to show how the rich Gupta family unduly influenced the president and the South African government.\nThe media reports appear to be testing Zuma\u2019s support within his own party, less than a week after the president survived a party vote to replace him as ANC leader.\nOn Friday, the ANC called the allegations in the media reports \u201cvery worrying.\u201d The party called for creation of a Judicial Commission of Enquiry to determine whether the accusations are true.\nZuma has not responded to the allegations directly, But ANC spokesperson Zizi Kodwa told ENCA TV Friday that there is too much at stake to ignore the reports.\n\u201cIf they are left unattended, they have a possibility to damage our people\u2019s confidence in a democratic elected government,\" said Kodwa. \"And therefore it is despicable that such allegations can be left unattended on the basis that they are not authentic. Our government must establish its authenticity to get to the bottom of this because at stake is the credibility and integrity of a democratic state.\u201d\nEmails released by the two media outlets appear to show the Gupta family reviewing a potential ministerial appointment and influencing the development of government policy.\nOne email appears to show links between the Gupta family and an alleged kickback deal worth over $400 million with a Chinese manufacturer of locomotives.\nConstitutional law expert Pierre De Vos said the allegations are serious, and the president should act promptly.\n\u201cAppoint somebody that is credible, has the necessary powers, with the broad terms of reference, because this seems to be a huge thing based on the available evidence,\u201d he advised.\nThis is not the first time concerns have been raised about the Gupta family's influence.\nA report last year by former public protector Thuli Madonsela ordered a commission of inquiry to look into allegations that Zuma and his ministers have allowed the Gupta family to control them\nPresident Zuma has yet to establish that commission.\n",
        "caption": "South Africa's President Jacob Zuma addresses an anti-crime meeting in Elsie's River, Cape Town, South Africa, May 30, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/2B57071F-655C-42A0-9DCF-8B3AD1C7661C.jpg",
        "id": "23729_1",
        "answer": [
            "vote to replace him as ANC leader"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Zuma"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_02_3884343",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_02_3884343_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the people in the image do?",
        "context": "Manchester Bomber Was Part of Network, British Police Say\nBritish police said Wednesday it was \u201cclear\u201d the suicide bomber who attacked a concert in Manchester did not act alone.\n\"It's very clear that this is a network that we are investigating,\" Manchester Chief Constable Ian Hopkins said during a news conference.\nHopkins said police had four people in custody, so far, as police conduct armed raids throughout Manchester, though he would not confirm whether police found the alleged bomb maker.\nA statement Wednesday from Greater Manchester Police said only that the arrests came after officers executed warrants in South Manchester. There was no information about how the four men might be involved in the attack.\nBritish interior minister Amber Rudd said Wednesday the suicide bomber, who has been identified as Salman Abedi, 22, was \"known\" by British intelligence services before the bombing.\nShe also told the BBC that \"it seems likely, possible, that he wasn't doing this on his own.\"\nThe blast at the conclusion of a concert by American pop star Ariana Grande at Manchester Arena killed 22 people and wounded 59 others. The attacker also died at the site.\nPolice officers arrive at a residential property on Elsmore Road in Fallowfield, Manchester, on May 24, 2017, as investigations continue into the May 22 terror attack at the Manchester Arena.\nInvestigation shifts to Abedi's activities\nInvestigators are now trying to figure out what Abedi was up to in his last days before the attack Monday.\nFrench Interior Minister Gerard Collomb told BFM television on Wednesday that British and French intelligence have information that Abedi had likely traveled to Syria.\nAccording to Collomb, Abedi \u201cgrew up in Britain and then suddenly, after a trip to Libya and then likely to Syria, became radicalized and decided to carry out this attack.\u201d\n\"In any case, the links with Daesh (Islamic State) are proven,\" he said.\nIslamic State is claiming it was behind the attack, but neither British nor U.S. intelligence have confirmed that.\nPolice officers stand guard in central Manchester, Britain, May 24, 2017 after Monday's suicide attack at an Ariana Grande concert.\nTerror level raised \nBritain raised its terrorism alert level to critical \u2013 the highest step \u2013 after the blast, signaling that another attack was highly likely and could be imminent.\nThe change is most visible in the deployment of soldiers to help guard certain areas, including major events such as concerts and football matches, in order to free up police officers.\nHopkins said an off-duty police officer was among those killed in the suicide attack, but it will take up to five days for authorities to identify all the victims.\n\u201cDue to number of victims the Home Office post-mortems are likely to take four to five days. After this we will be in a position to formerly name the victims,\u201d he said. \u201cWe have spoken to all of the families of those who lay injured in our hospitals.\u201d\nBritish Prime Minister Theresa May said in an address to the nation late Tuesday that authorities will do everything possible to protect the public and asked people to remain vigilant.\n\"I do not want the public to feel unduly alarmed. We have faced a serious terrorist threat in our country for many years,\" May said.\nPeople attend a vigil in Albert Square, Manchester, England, May 23, 2017, the day after the suicide attack at an Ariana Grande concert that left 22 people dead as it ended on Monday night.\nMaximum carnage \nEarlier in the day, she spoke more directly about the attack itself, saying the bomber chose the \"time and place to cause maximum carnage and to kill and injure indiscriminately.\"\nMany of the victims were young girls, with the youngest identified so far being just 8-year-old.\nVideo from the arena showed the joy in the audience at the end of the concert turning to confusion and then to panic and a scramble to get out of the building as the realization of what just happened spread.\nWitness say they saw blood covered bodies on the floor while others, badly wounded, staggered toward the exits of the building.\nThe scene outside the concert hall was also chaotic, with traffic snarled and parents rushing to the scene.\nBritain's Queen Elizabeth held a moment of silence at a garden party at Buckingham Palace. French President Emmanuel Macron signed a condolence book at the British embassy in Paris. German Chancellor Angela Merkel said the attack only strengthens Germany's resolve to work with the British.\n",
        "caption": "Police officers arrive at a residential property on Elsmore Road in Fallowfield, Manchester, on May 24, 2017, as investigations continue into the May 22 terror attack at the Manchester Arena.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/8D50108E-9B99-49DB-AC80-EF311932C364.jpg",
        "id": "9630_2",
        "answer": [
            "executed warrants in South Manchester",
            "Investigations"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Police officers",
            "officers"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_24_3868895",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_24_3868895_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "How long ago was the defensive structure in the image made?",
        "context": "National Parks Traveler Finds Paradise \u2013 and History \u2013 in American Caribbean\nIt may surprise some people to learn that in addition to its 50 states and Washington, D.C., the United States includes more than a dozen territories located in the Pacific Ocean and Caribbean Sea. The Caribbean territories include Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands.\nThat\u2019s where national parks traveler Mikah Meyer recently traveled to visit six pristine National Park Service sites.\nA centuries-old complex\nHis first stop was the capital city of Puerto Rico, where he stepped into 500 years of history at the San Juan National Historic Site, a massive fort which was used to control the island.\nThe massive Castillo San Felipe del Morro fort, built in the 1500s, was designed to defend the Spanish colonial port city of San Juan from seaborne enemies. Today, it overlooks modern San Juan.\nPuerto Rico was a Spanish colony for centuries but was turned over to the United States following the Spanish-American war of 1898. Today, visitors come to this World Heritage Site to learn about its history and unique architecture.\n\u201cI was just blown away by the size of it all,\u201d Mikah said, \u201cI mean some of the forts I've gone to thus far are maybe a city block in size or smaller, and this was three separate sites that were probably four or five city blocks combined.\u201d\nHe noted how different it looked, compared to other forts he'd visited, from the American Revolution or the War of 1812. \u201cIt was in such a completely different climate and had such a different ambiance to it than any of these other ones that I'd been to.\u201d\nCaribbean gem\nMikah had another chance for great views of the stunning land and seascapes of Puerto Rico on his flight over to the island of St. Croix -- the largest of the three U.S. Virgin Islands, but the least crowded.\nFor nearly 200 years, St. Croix and the other Virgin Islands - St. Thomas and St. John - were known as the Danish West Indies.\nMikah said it was fascinating to be in a beautiful place that was so \u201cnon-touristy.\u201d He and his travel companion Andy Waldron felt like locals as they rented a car and drove to practically every part of the island, where they discovered the residents had \u201ca really laid-back attitude.\u201d\nJust off St. Croix is the Buck Island Reef National Monument, known for its nesting sites for turtles and birds, and its \u201cunderwater trail.\u201d\nThe small, uninhabited island and its surrounding reef were designated a national monument by President John F. Kennedy in 1961. \u201cBasically he had gone there on vacation with his family, snorkeled this Buck Island Reef, thought it was amazing and decided to save it as a National Monument,\u201d Mikah explained.\nBuck Island is only accessible by boat, so companies like Big Beard's Adventure Tours ferry snorkelers out to the reef.\nPresident Bill Clinton expanded the monument in 2001, declaring it the first marine protected area in the National Park Service.\nWhile hurricanes and rising sea temperatures have damaged and continue to threaten the fragile coral, many fish populations and a large number of native plant and animal species like the brown pelican and the St. Croix ground lizard are thriving in these protected spaces.\nFinding Nemo\nDespite his fear of the water, and inspired by what he might find in the clear blue sea, Mikah learned how to snorkel on the spot and dived in. He followed the markers of the \u201cunderground trail\u201d where he explored the ancient barrier reef that wraps around two thirds of the island.\nBrain corals are found in shallow warm-water coral reefs in all the world's oceans.\n\u201cThey gave us an hour to snorkel around and it was kind of like being an explorer,\u201d he said. \u201cYou'd be snorkeling and there would be this amazing brain coral that looks like a giant brain the size of a baby elephant\u2026 and then you might come around the coral and see this amazing fish -- and it was like Finding Nemo in real life,\u201d he said, referring to the hugely popular 2003 film of the same name.\nBut the most amazing moment of all, he related, was the giant school of fish that he encountered. \u201cI think it was 300 fish just came passing by,\u201d he said. \u201cSo I was basically swimming with this school of fish.\u201d\nA large school of tropical fish spent some time swimming with Mikah.\n\u201cFor someone who grew up in Nebraska, not near the ocean, it was just the complete opposite of what I was used to and it was so fascinating,\u201d Mikah said. \u201cIt's definitely my new favorite national monument.\"\nChristian\u2019s Place\nAfter Buck Island, Mikah headed to the Christiansted National Historic Site, which is home to a colorful old Danish fort.\n\u201cTheir colors for their military sites were yellow and green\u2026 so it was this glorious yellow with these gorgeous green shutters.\u201d\nFort Christiansvaern, built in 1738, is one of five historic structures in Christiansted\u2019s waterfront.\nThe urban park features 18th and 19th century structures in the heart of Christiansted, the capital of the former Danish West Indies on St. Croix Island. Christiansted, which means Christian\u2019s Place, was named in honor of King Christian VI of Denmark and Norway, and was envisioned as a rival to Christiania (later Olso), Norway, in size. According to the National Park Service, it exemplifies the architectural, economic and political influence of Europe like no other place in the Caribbean.\nMikah was particularly impressed by the history behind the strategic placement of the cannons around the fort.\nThe fort\u2019s cannons overlook the island\u2019s deep water harbor.\n\u201cThe tour guide, Bonito Vegas, talked to us about how you could see in the distance where the coral was, and so they knew boats wouldn\u2019t come in that way, so they didn't have to put cannons there,\u201d he recounted. \u201cBut they knew this one section had deep water\u2026 so if the boats wanted to come, this is where their cannons had to be.\u201d\n2,000 years of human history\nThe next stop for Mikah was the Salt River Bay National Historical Park and Ecological Preserve on St. Croix Island.\nThe prehistoric complex at Salt River is one of the most important archaeological sites in the Virgin Islands.\n\u201cThat site is a historical point but it's also an ecological preserve because they found that within this bay there's a bunch of marine life that universities from all over the country come to study and so the National Park Service has been able to preserve that.\u201d\nThe site is also famous for its first European visitor -- Christopher Columbus. \u201cHe stopped here on his second visit to the Caribbean where he came in search of fresh water,\u201d Mikah said.\nCaribbean wildlife\nMikah was impressed by the diversity of the wildlife on the islands. \u201cEach place we went, even though they were so close, all had their own what I call \u2018national park zoo,\u2019\u201d he said.\nA green iguana catches some sun on the walls of San Juan\u2019s Castillo San Felipe del Morro. The invasive reptile, escaped from the pet trade, has become a threat to native biodiversity.\n\u201cSo in the San Juan National Historic Site there was this massive green iguana,\u201d he described,\u201d a color that you couldn't imagine was real or came from nature.\u201d And then there were the hermit crabs. \u201cThey were everywhere,\u201d Mikah said. \u201cIf it wasn't developed, it was covered in hermit crabs\u2026and I was scared of stepping on one,\u201d he recounted with a laugh.\nAnd on St. Croix, there were mongooses.\nThe mongoose was brought to the Virgin Islands to kill rats in the sugar cane fields. But they preyed largely on native bird and turtle eggs.\n\u201cApparently the Europeans brought them over to eat the rats,\" Mikah said. But apparently they weren't too keen on rats, \"so they ended up eating a bunch of the other species on the islands, which are now extinct,\u201d Mikah pointed out.\nBut what really took his breath away, Mikah said, was the Caribbean marine life. Observing them in their habitat and exploring other underwater treasures was a transforming experience for him.\nCaribbean Wildlife in the Air, on Land and under Water\nLook, but don\u2019t touch!\nWhile snorkeling in Maho Bay on St. John Island, he saw sting rays and sea turtles. \u201cYou wouldn't imagine this turtle that kind of plops around on sand being graceful but they are in the water,\u201d he said. \u201cThey were made to swim.\u201d\nAnd at the Virgin Islands Coral Reef National Monument, he explored little coves and mangrove forests that help build a sustainable ecology.\nA queen angelfish swims near coral-encrusted mangrove roots at the Coral Reef National Monument in the U.S. Virgin Islands.\n\u201cThere are these trees that grow out into the ocean and actually help build new ground around the earth because they put their roots out into the ocean and then bits of debris and sand get caught on the roots and eventually those collect and become earth,\u201d he described. \u201cSo they basically build habitats on level ground so they also serve as nesting areas for baby fish.\u201d\nAround the mangrove roots Mikah saw vibrant queen angelfish, which he described as a stunning visual scene. \u201cThey are blue fish that have these magnetic yellow stripes down them,\u201d he explained. \u201cIt looks like somebody painted them with glow paint.\u201d\nMikah said visiting the Caribbean was a transformative experience for him.\n\u201cIt was an honor for me to get to experience these places\u2026 I just felt so lucky because this was something that a little kid from the prairie in Nebraska wouldn\u2019t have imagined himself doing. And yet here I was in my own country, seeing a landscape that was so foreign, and yet was part of my story and my nation\u2019s story and will still be for years hopefully, if we keep protecting it.\u201d\nTo learn more about his time in the Caribbean and the many other sites he visited, Mikah invites you to visit him on his website, Facebook and Instagram.\n",
        "caption": "The massive Castillo San Felipe del Morro fort, built in the 1500s, was designed to defend the Spanish colonial port city of San Juan from seaborne enemies. Today, it overlooks modern San Juan.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/532C953C-279C-4B92-A288-C43ABE67BA28.jpg",
        "id": "29689_1",
        "answer": [
            "500 years"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "fort"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_02_3690161",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_02_3690161_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who would the person with the white tie in the image meet?",
        "context": "North Korea Criticizes China Amid Nuke Dispute\nNorth Korea's state news agency has issued a rare direct criticism of China, citing commentaries from Chinese state media and warning that China should not \"test the limits\" of North Korea's patience.\n\"China had better ponder over the grave consequences entailed by its reckless act of chopping down the pillar of the DPRK-China relations,\" said a commentary published Wednesday by KCNA.\nThe commentary said calls by China for North Korea to abandon its nuclear program cross a line and violate its rights.\nChina's Global Times made such remarks Thursday, saying North Korea is grappling with a form of \"irrational logic\" when it comes to its nuclear program.\nThe Global Times further said China will not allow its border region with North Korea to be contaminated by North Korean nuclear activities.\nChina on Wednesday called for restraint in the standoff over North Korea's nuclear and missile programs following North Korean complaints that the United States was pushing the region closer to war.\nFILE - In this April 15, 2017 photo, a submarine missile is paraded across Kim Il Sung Square during a military parade, in Pyongyang, North Korea to celebrate the 105th birth anniversary of Kim Il Sung, the country's late founder.\nChinese President Xi Jinping, in a phone call with Philippine counterpart Rodrigo Duterte, urged all parties in the standoff to use restraint and return to the negotiating table as soon as possible, Chinese state radio reported.\nIn his daily briefing, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Geng Shuang said, \"We again urge all relevant parties to remain calm and exercise restraint, stop irritating each other [and] work hard to create an atmosphere for contact and dialogue between all sides.\"\nNorth Korea said Tuesday military exercises in the region by the U.S. and its allies amounts to \"reckless military provocation\" that is \"pushing the situation on the Korean peninsula closer to the brink of nuclear war.\"\nThe United States recently sent an aircraft carrier to Korean waters. In another show of strength, two U.S. bombers this week joined South Korean and Japanese military planes in regional training drills.\nAn F/A-18E Super Hornet from the Strike Fighter Squadron (VFA) 137 \u201cKestrels\u201d takes off from the aircraft carrier USS Carl Vinson (CVN 70) flight deck in South China Sea, April 12, 2017.\nNorth Korea said the bombers conducted \"a nuclear bomb dropping drill\" in its territory, while saying Trump and \"other U.S. warmongers are crying out for making a preemptive nuclear strike\" on the country.\n\"The urgent task is to lower temperatures and resume talks,\" Shuang said about the aerial military exercises.\nThe United States has urged China, North Korea's only major ally, to do more to reign in the reclusive country. The administration of U.S. President Donald Trump has warned North Korea that the \"era of strategic patience is over.\"\nThe participation of the two U.S. bombers in the exercises occurred as Trump unexpectedly said he would be \"honored\" to meet North Korean leader Kim Jong Un under the appropriate circumstances.\nTension on the Korean peninsula has been escalating for weeks, fueled by concern North Korea may conduct its sixth nuclear test in defiance of U.N. Security Council resolutions.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - This combination of file photos shows North Korean leader Kim Jong Un, left, and Chinese President Xi Jinping.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/6E27AE9C-E5F0-4C95-AB7C-657CC5A72531.jpg",
        "id": "12015_1",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "Trump"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "North Korean leader Kim Jong Un",
            "Kim Jong Un"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_04_3837271",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_04_3837271_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person with the ghutrah in the image creating?",
        "context": "Trump Signals Shift in Middle East Strategy With Symbolic First Stop in Saudi Arabia\nWHITE HOUSE \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. President Donald Trump is about to embark on his first foreign trip, a nine day journey that takes him to the seats of the world\u2019s three great Abrahamic (monotheistic) religions and signals a 180-degree shift from his predecessor\u2019s approach toward the Middle East.\n\u201cThe most useful way to look at President Trump\u2019s strategy is to see him as the anti-Obama,\u201d said Robert Satloff, executive director of the Washington Institute for Near East Policy. \u201cHe is definitively changing American foreign policy from the Barack Obama era to the Donald Trump era as it concerns the Middle East.\u201d\n\u201cObama made a purposeful effort to talk directly to the people,\u201d Satloff explained. \u201cHis first trip to the Middle East included speeches not to national assemblies and parliaments, but to universities where he could talk over the heads of the leaders. He wanted to create a new balance in the Arab world, characterized by speaking to people rather than leaders.\u201d\n\u201cTrump wants to undo all that,\u201d Satloff said.\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTrump Signals Shift in Middle East Strategy With Symbolic First Stop in Saudi Arabia\nShare this video\n0:02:57\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:57\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 8.3MB\n360p | 11.6MB\n720p | 78.9MB\nSymbolic first stop\nThe first stop on Trump\u2019s tour will be Saudi Arabia, site of Islam\u2019s holiest shrines, where he will be welcomed by King Salman, who is assembling a greeting committee of as many as 20 heads of state representing a large percentage of the world\u2019s 1.5 billion Sunni Muslims.\nFILE - Saudi Arabia's King Salman (right) meets with U.S. Defense Secretary James Mattis, in Riyadh, April 19, 2017.\nTrump\u2019s advisers see the Riyadh visit as an opportunity to repair the president\u2019s image with Muslims after an election campaign marked by rhetoric many saw as Islamophobic, and a presidency that began with announcement of a temporary ban on Muslim refugees, and visas for citizens from a handful of Muslim-majority countries.\nWithin the human rights community, the visit has been met with a collective shrug. \u201cIt\u2019s certainly a consistent choice, given the parade of dictators who\u2019ve been welcomed at the White House,\u201d said Andrea Presow of Human Rights Watch.\nBefore he makes his first presidential step outside the United States, Trump will have hosted several autocratic Muslim leaders, including such heavyweights as Egypt\u2019s Abdel Fatah al-Sissi and Turkey\u2019s Recep Tayyip Erdogan\nFILE - Egypt's President Abdel Fattah el-Sissi sits before a meeting at the presidential palace in Cairo, Aug. 2, 2015.\n\u201cExpectations are low,\u201d said Richard LeBaron of the Atlantic Council, a former U.S. ambassador to Kuwait. \u201cThe travel ban didn\u2019t come as a shock to Muslims, LeBaron told VOA. \u201cThey had built it into their expectations about Trump.\"\nBut the image of being warmly greeted by such a strong representation of Sunni Muslim kings, emirs and presidents is a potential bonanza for a U.S. leader beleaguered by domestic troubles.\nRadical ideology addressed\nBriefing reporters about the trip, National Security Adviser H.R. McMaster said Trump would deliver a strong message to Sunni leaders about the need to confront radical Islamism, which McMaster called \u201can ideology that uses a perverted interpretation of religion to justify crimes against all humanity.\u201d\nFILE - President Donald Trump, right, listens as Army Lt. Gen. H.R. McMaster, now the presidents new national security adviser, left, talks at Trump's Mar-a-Lago estate in Palm Beach, Fla, Feb. 20, 2017.\n\u201cHe [Trump] will encourage our Arab and Muslim partners to take bold, new steps to promote peace and to confront those, from ISIS to al-Qaida to Iran to the Assad regime, who perpetuate chaos and violence that has inflicted so much suffering throughout the Muslim world and beyond,\u201d McMaster said.\nThat message is likely to be welcomed by Sunni Muslim leaders, who worried about Obama's outreach to Iran, which they see as a regional troublemaker.\nAli Shihabi, a Saudi national who is executive director of the Arabia Foundation, a Washington based research organization, says Trump\u2019s visit \u201csends a message that he understands that America\u2019s Muslim allies are the first line of defense in the fight against terrorism\u201d.\nOthers question whether, as with so many Trump initiatives, there\u2019s less than meets the eye with the Middle East policy shift.\n\u201cBut it may signal a possible shift in the marked hostility to Islam characterized by Trump\u2019s campaign,\u201dsaid Nathan Brown, professor of international relations at George Washington University.\nRobert Satloff says substantive change or not, the symbolism of simultaneously reaffirming America\u2019s longstanding ties with Sunni Arab states and Israel sends a powerful message to Iran that the other team - the pro-Western, pro-stability team - seems to have a captain that is ready to lead.\"\n\u201cDoes that team actually have a strategy? Does it have a series of well-defined tactics ready to be executed?\u201d Satloff asks. \u201cThat remains to be seen. But the first step, mainly getting the team together and providing leadership is important, and I\u2019m quite sure the Iranians, and their team, are taking notice\u201d.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Saudi Arabia's King Salman (right) meets with U.S. Defense Secretary James Mattis, in Riyadh, April 19, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B7215BC6-6199-475E-9FB4-DF43A4ABA255.jpg",
        "id": "20660_2",
        "answer": [
            "a greeting committee of as many as 20 heads of state representing a large percentage of the world\u2019s 1.5 billion Sunni Muslims",
            "None",
            "a greeting committee of as many as 20 heads of state"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "King Salman",
            "Saudi Arabia's King Salman"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_15_3851521",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_15_3851521_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who is the opponent of the woman on the banner in the image?",
        "context": "South Korean Far-Right Rises Up to Defend Impeached President\nSEOUL \u2014\u00a0\nA new South Korean conservative far-right coalition is forming to fight against what they say is the \u201cillegal\u201d impeachment of the duly elected president, Park Geun-hye, by the \u201clying media\u201d and pro-North Korean \u201cestablishment elites.\u201d \nThe pro-Park conservatives have been slow to organize in the wake of a presidential corruption scandal that erupted in October of last year. \n\u201cMaybe our attempts to rescue the president are too late, or a little bit late. Why? Because the whole thing was unexpected,\u201d said Chulhong Kim, an associate professor at the Presbyterian College and Theological Seminary in Seoul, who has become a leader of a new conservative group that has yet to become a formal organization. \nOctober surprise \nPresident Park was brought down by allegations that she colluded with or was manipulated by her long time friend Choi Soon-sil, along with some close presidential aides, to force Korean conglomerates to donate nearly $65 million to two dubious foundations. Choi reportedly benefited from lucrative side contracts to companies owned by herself and her friends. \nThere were also other charges that outraged the public but carried less legal weight, that Choi used her presidential connections to gain her daughter admission into a prestigious university, and that Park was negligent in handling the 2014 Sewol ferry disaster that killed over 300 people, many of them school age children. \nThe fast moving scandal sparked weeks of widespread public protests across the country, and saw the president\u2019s public approval rating plummet to below 10 percent. In December, the National Assembly voted overwhelmingly to impeach Park, while at the same time appointing a special counsel to investigate the charges. Since then Park has been suspended from office while the Constitutional Court reviews the impeachment motion, that if upheld will result in an early presidential election some time this year. \nThe president\u2019s defenders contend the impeachment legislative process is overtly political, pressured by bias media coverage and unduly influenced by public demonstrations, and legally flawed in convicting Park and suspending her from office before even holding official hearings. \n\u201cUnder the current law, impeachment is not illegal but subsequently the immediate suspension of the president is against the principle of presumption of innocence,\u201d said Professor Kim. \nProtests and term limits \nOver the weekend, both pro and anti-impeachment demonstrations were held in Seoul and across the country. \nKorean media reported that 750,000 pro-impeachment supporters held a candlelight vigil on Saturday evening in downtown Gwanghwamun Square despite freezing temperatures that dropped to minus 9 degrees Celsius. Moon Jae-in, a progressive leader of the opposition Democratic Party and the leading presidential contender in opinion polls, joined with the demonstrators, saying that, \u201cthe voices of the people are the constitution.\u201d \nThe renewed surge of protesters coming out against President Park reflects concerns the Constitution Court could become deadlocked if they do not soon conclude their judicial review. \nThe nine member Constitutional Court must reach the required quorum of six votes to uphold the impeachment motion. However the court is already down to eight members as the term of the chief justice ended in January. Another justice will reach his term limit in March. Then the court will be down to seven members, but six votes will still be required to reach a verdict. And Constitutional Court justices cannot be replaced until the impeachment issue is resolved. \nLying media \nPark\u2019s supporters also held a rally earlier on Saturday in front of City Hall. Media reports say the number of anti-impeachment demonstrators reached over 200,000, but organizers claim that more than a million people participated. \nThe hardline pro-Park organizers discount mainstream media reports, saying they are biased against the president and her ruling Saenuri Party, and working with opposition groups to topple the president. \n\u201cI want (to say to the) dishonest media, you, please, do not deceive our people,\u201d said Jiyeon Ihn, an activist and attorney that heads us up a group called Now! Act for North Koreans! (NANK.) \nPro-American \nAt the conservative rallies, American flags are proudly displayed. The deployment of the U.S. THAAD missile defense system is widely supported. And China objections about increasing U.S. military capabilities, and reservations expressed by opposition leaders, are loudly jeered. \nMany of these Korean far-right activists see Park\u2019s impeachment as part of an insidious leftist, communist movement backed by North Korean leader Kim Jong Un. \n\u201cIf the attempt succeeds the future government would be pro-North Korean, anti-American, anti-free market, anti-human rights. It would inaugurate a unified communist regime in the Korean Peninsula,\u201d said Professor Kim. \nUnable to get their views expressed in traditional news outlets, the new Korean far-right is spreading the word through social media. While their rallies are still smaller than their opponents, they say their movement is growing. And even if President Park\u2019s impeachment is upheld, these conservatives intend to become an influential political force in future elections.\nYoumi Kim contributed to this report in Seoul\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A banner showing pictures of impeached South Korean President Park Geun-hye and U.S. President Donald Trump is displayed as supporters of Park wave flags of the United States and South Korea during a rally opposing her impeachment in Seoul, South Korea.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F12B3EAE-752B-4F3D-8BC5-366DFAA65CCC.jpg",
        "id": "5024_1",
        "answer": [
            "Moon Jae-in"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "president"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_14_3723676",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_14_3723676_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who would suffer from the actions of the person in the image?",
        "context": "Trump Orders National Security Probe of Steel Imports\nWHITE HOUSE \u2014\u00a0\nPresident Donald Trump has ordered an investigation into whether foreign steel imports are damaging U.S. national security, saying his administration would \"fight for American workers and American-made steel.\"\nThe probe is authorized under a rarely used section of a 1962 trade law that allows a president to restrict imports in cases where security interests are at stake.\n\"This has nothing to do with China,\" Trump insisted, adding, \"This has to do with worldwide, what's happening. The dumping problem is a worldwide problem.\"\nSteel industry\nSurrounded by steel industry executives at an Oval Office signing ceremony Thursday, Trump clearly stated the probe was not directed at China, which has long been accused of dumping its excess steel production on U.S. markets.\nU.S. President Donald Trump speaks before signing a directive ordering an investigation into the impact of foreign steel on the American economy in the Oval Office of the White House in Washington, April 20, 2017.\nThe president said the investigation could be completed within 50 days, far ahead of the nine months prescribed by law.\nShares of steel companies surged on news of the probe. The price of United States Steel Corporation stock was up more than 8 percent soon after the announcement.\n\"The important question is protecting our defense needs,\" said Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross, who added the investigation is designed to find a balance between free trade and national security while building up the U.S. military. \"And we will do whatever is necessary to do that.\"\nRoss noted that steel imports rose nearly 20 percent in the first two months of this year, much of it from China, and now make up more than 26 percent of the entire American marketplace.\n\"Steel imports, despite measures already taken, have continued to rise despite repeated Chinese claims that they were going to reduce their steel capacity,\" he said. \"Instead, they have actually been increasing it consistently.\"\nInvestigation sought\nSteel industry executives attending Thursday's Oval Office ceremony applauded Trump's call for an investigation.\nFILE - Ivanka Trump, daughter of then-Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump, center, tours Middletown Tube Works, a welded steel tube supplier, alongside owner Angela Phillips, left, in Middletown, Ohio, Oct. 6, 2016.\nMario Longhi, the CEO of U.S. Steel Corporation, said, \"The signing of this executive order clearly demonstrates your understanding of the fundamental importance that our industry has, not just to the national economy, but to the national defense.\"\nTrade experts and free market advocates, however, were skeptical of Trump's rationale for the investigation.\n\"It's just a bogus attempt to limit imports,\" said Dan Griswold, a research fellow at the Mercatus Center at Virginia's George Mason University.\nGriswold said any move to restrict imports would be bad for U.S. industry and consumers because it would drive up prices for products that contain steel, from appliances to automobiles to new houses.\n\"But it will make certain steel producers and their politically active unions increase their profits and the gains they make by restricting competition,\" he said.\nIssue of national security\nGary Hufbauer, senior fellow at the Peterson Institute of International Economics in Washington, questions the idea that dependence on foreign steel is a national security issue.\nHufbauer, who served as a senior Treasury Department official under former President Jimmy Carter, said the probe reflects the thinking of Commerce Secretary Ross, a billionaire investor with close ties to the steel industry.\nFILE - U.S. Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross holds a news conference at the Department of Commerce in Washington, March 10, 2017.\n\"It's not coming from the defense industry,\" Hufbauer said. \"It's coming from the steelmakers, and key administration figures starting with Ross and others who feel the steel industry has been beset by steel from abroad and that's weakening the U.S. steel industry. But that's from a commercial standpoint, not a defense standpoint.\"\nRoss stepped down from the board of the Luxembourg-based steel giant ArcelorMittal after accepting the job as Trump's commerce secretary.\nA financial disclosure form he filed with the Office of Government Ethics shows Ross served on ArcelorMittal's board for nearly a decade, and was paid more than $100,000 in director's fees last year. He was also reported to have divested himself of between $750,000 and $1.5 million in equity holdings in the company, which is described on its home page as \"the world's leading integrated steel and mining company.\"\nBloomberg News reported this week that while U.S. steelmakers may be counting on Trump to help business, any regulatory change could take years.\nIn a note to clients, Bloomberg Intelligence analyst Caitlin Webber wrote that changes would also likely be challenged at the World Trade Organization.\n",
        "caption": "U.S. President Donald Trump speaks before signing a directive ordering an investigation into the impact of foreign steel on the American economy in the Oval Office of the White House in Washington, April 20, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/9AA0DA4A-525B-409B-98CE-F5334DFEA337.jpg",
        "id": "2648_2",
        "answer": [
            "U.S. industry and consumers"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "impact of foreign steel on the American economy",
            "steel"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_20_3819097",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_20_3819097_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person with the black suit in the image do?",
        "context": "Norwegian Mass Murderer Says Isolation Made Him More Radical\nSKIEN, NORWAY \u2014\u00a0\nNorwegian mass murderer Anders Behring Breivik, who killed 77 people in a 2011 bomb-and-shooting rampage, told a court Thursday that his isolation in prison has hurt him, causing him to become even more radicalized.\nThe 37-year-old right-wing extremist, who has been held in solitary confinement since being sentenced in 2012 to 21 years in prison, talked calmly in court before a three-judge panel and complained that he had been forced to strip naked in front of prison officials as frequently as five times a day.\nDressed in a black suit and tie, the stone-faced Breivik spoke coherently without emotion, saying he agreed with government attorneys who had warned that the self-proclaimed neo-Nazi had become more radicalized in prison.\n\u201cI have been damaged by the isolation ... (and) radicalization has been a consequence of it,\u201d he said. \u201cI have not been a little hurt, I have been very damaged.\u201d\nBreivik was speaking on the third day in a court case reviewing a government appeal against a ruling that his isolation in prison violates human rights.\nLast year, Breivik sued the government, arguing that his solitary confinement, frequent strip searches and often being handcuffed in the early part of incarceration violated his human rights.\nIn a surprise decision, the Oslo District Court in April sided with his claim, finding that his isolation was inhuman and degrading and breached the European Convention on Human Rights, and ordered the government to pay his legal costs.\nBut it dismissed Breivik's claim that his right to respect for private and family life was violated by restrictions on contacts with other right-wing extremists, a decision that Breivik in turn is appealing.\nThe government maintains that Breivik is dangerous and must remain isolated from inmates in the high-security prison in Skien, where the appeals case is also being heard.\nSpeaking before Breivik addressed the court, his lawyer Oystein Storrvik said the control over his communications with the outside world amounts to a \u201cblatant breach of human rights,\u201d arguing that frequent censorship of his letters and long review periods means Breivik cannot keep regular communication with people outside of the penal system.\nSix days have been reserved for the hearings by the Borgarting Court of Appeals in the makeshift courtroom in the gym of the prison in Skien, 135 kilometers (85 miles) southwest of the capital, Oslo.\nA ruling is expected in February.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Convicted mass murderer Anders Behring Breivik has his handcuffs removed inside a court room in Skien prison, Skien, Norway, March 16, 2016. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/157DB7CD-8D96-4160-8556-3F9497C82FD1.jpg",
        "id": "2241_1",
        "answer": [
            "killed 77 people in a 2011 bomb-and-shooting rampage",
            "killed 77 people"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Anders Behring Breivik",
            "Breivik"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_12_3673389",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_12_3673389_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who are the people in the image urging?",
        "context": "European Leaders Respond Cautiously to Turkey Vote\nBERLIN \u2014\u00a0\nGermany said on Monday the close result in Turkey's referendum on expanding Turkish President Tayyip Erdogan's powers was a big responsibility for him to bear and showed how divided Turkish society was.\nGerman Chancellor Angela Merkel and Foreign Minister Sigmar Gabriel also said Turkish authorities needed to address concerns about the content and procedure of Sunday's referendum raised by a panel of European legal experts.\nErdogan declared a narrow victory in the vote, which marked the biggest overhaul of modern Turkish politics. Opponents said it was marred by irregularities and they would challenge the result.\nMerkel and Gabriel, whose country has about 3 million residents of Turkish background, said they noted the preliminary result showing a victory for the \"Yes\" camp. Official results are expected within 12 days.\n\"The German government... respects the right of Turkish citizens to decide on their own constitutional order,\" they said in a statement.\n\"The tight referendum result shows how deeply divided Turkish society is and that means a big responsibility for the Turkish leadership and for President Erdogan personally.\"\nThey expected Ankara to have a \"respectful dialogue\" with all parts of Turkish society and its political spectrum after a tough campaign.\nGerman integration commissioner Aydan Ozoguz warned against criticizing Turks living in Germany across the board over how they voted, telling regional newspaper Saarbruecker Zeitung that only around 14 percent of all German Turks living in Germany had voted \"Yes\" and added that most migrants had not voted.\nGerman integration commissioner Aydan Ozoguz warned against criticizing Turks living in Germany over how they voted, telling regional newspaper Saarbruecker Zeitung that only around 14 percent of all German Turks living in Germany had voted \"yes\" and added that most migrants had not voted.\nEU talks \nGermany's comments were echoed in France, where President Francois Hollande said: \"It's up to the Turks and them alone to decide on how they organize their political institutions, but the published results show that Turkish society is divided about the planned deep reforms.\"\nOn Sunday, the European Commission said Turkey should seek a broad national consensus on constitutional amendments, given the narrow \"Yes\" majority and the extent of their impact. In March, the Venice Commission, a panel of legal experts at the Council of Europe, said the proposed changes to the constitution on which Turks voted, namely boosting Erdogan's power, represented a \"dangerous step backwards\" for democracy.\nMerkel and Gabriel pointed to the Commission's reservations and said that, as a member of the Council of Europe and the OSCE security and human rights watchdog and an EU accession candidate, Turkey should quickly address those concerns.\n\"Political discussions about that need to take place as quickly as possible, both at the bilateral level and between the European institutions and Turkey,\" Merkel and Gabriel said.\nIn a separate statement, France's Foreign Ministry called on the Turkish government to respect the European Convention on Human Rights and its ban on the death penalty.\nErdogan told supporters on Sunday that Turkey could hold another referendum on reinstating the death penalty. Such a move would spell the end of Turkey's accession talks with the European Union.\nAustria, which has repeatedly called for halting membership talks, called once more for them to stop.\n\"We can't just go back to the daily routine after the Turkey referendum. We finally need some honesty in the relationship between the EU and Turkey,\" said Foreign Minister Sebastian Kurz, adding the bloc should instead work on a \"partnership Agreement.\"\nDuring the campaign, Erdogan repeatedly attacked European countries, including Germany and the Netherlands, accusing them of \"Nazi-like\" tactics for banning his ministers from speaking to rallies of Turkish voters abroad.\nTurkish Deputy Prime Minister Mehmet Simsek told Reuters on Monday he expected the \"noise\" between Ankara and Europe should die down after the European elections cycle. The French vote for a new president begins next Sunday. Germany votes in September.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - German Chancellor Angela Merkel, right, and German Foreign Minister Sigmar Gabriel, left, arrive for the weekly cabinet meeting at the Chancellery in Berlin, April 12, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/584A1248-9141-4F1C-8DB6-0B4444BC265F.jpg",
        "id": "9716_1",
        "answer": [
            "Seek a broad national consensus on constitutional amendments ",
            "Turkish authorities",
            "Turkish authorities need to address concerns about the content and procedure of Sunday\u2019s referendum "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "German Chancellor Angela Merkel  and German Foreign Minister Sigmar Gabriel",
            "German Chancellor Angela Merkel and Foreign Minister Sigmar Gabriel"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_17_3813064",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_17_3813064_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the people in the image do?",
        "context": "Region in China's Restive Xinjiang to Track Vehicles as Anti-terror Measure\nChinese authorities have ordered all motor vehicles in Bayingol prefecture in far-western Xinjiang to be installed with mandatory satellite tracking devices, the latest tough anti-terror measure targeting the ethnically divided region.\nChina has been stepping up already tight security in restive Xinjiang after a rise in violence in recent months.\nHundreds have been killed in Xinjiang in the past few years, mostly in unrest between the Muslim Uighur people, who call the region home, and the ethnic majority Han Chinese. Beijing blames the unrest on Islamist militants.\n\"Cars are the main transportation means for terrorists, and are also a frequently chosen tool to carry out terrorist attacks,\" the Bayingol traffic police said in a post on its official Weibo microblog account on Feb. 4.\nAll vehicles will be required by June 30 to install GPS-style tracking devices connected to China's proprietary Beidou navigation satellite, \"so they can be tracked wherever they go\", the state-run Global Times reported on Tuesday.\nIt would also help car owners to find their vehicles quickly if they are stolen by terrorists, the report said.\nCars not fitted with the devices will be unable to buy petrol at service stations in Bayingol, nor be resold on the second-hand market.\nRemote and sparsely populated Bayingol occupies a huge part of southeast Xinjiang, although much of the violence has been concentrated further away near Kashgar and Hotan in the southern Uighur heartland.\nThe government has blamed much of the unrest on separatist Islamist militants, although rights groups and exiles say anger at tightening Chinese controls on the religion and culture of Muslim Uighurs is more to blame.\nChina routinely denies any repression in Xinjiang.\nViolence has continued to flare particularly in the more remote southern regions of Xinjiang, although accounts are difficult to verify independently and exiles and rights groups suspect incidents are underreported.\nLast week, Chinese security forces in the regional capital of Urumqi and the Uighur hub of Hotan staged large-scale anti-terror rallies, parading thousands of armed police and paramilitary, as well as dozens of armored vehicles, through city streets.\nLast week, three knife-wielding attackers were shot dead after killing five people in Pishan County, in Hotan prefecture.\nIn December, five people were killed when attackers drove a vehicle into a government building, with police shooting dead the three perpetrators.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Armed Chinese paramilitary policemen march past the site of an explosion outside the Urumqi South Railway Station in Urumqi in northwest China's Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/2CCF7946-2D62-4633-B71C-9D3D39902DCE.jpg",
        "id": "7011_1",
        "answer": [
            "staged large-scale anti-terror rallies, parading thousands of armed police and paramilitary, as well as dozens of armored vehicles, through city streets",
            "staged large-scale anti-terror rallies"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "paramilitary",
            "Armed Chinese paramilitary policemen"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_21_3733107",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_21_3733107_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person with dark hair in the image do?",
        "context": "Trump Assails Congressional Probes of His Campaign's Links to Russia\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. President Donald Trump again assailed the congressional probes into his campaign's links to Russia on Wednesday, claiming opposition Democrats were blocking the testimony of one of his former aides looking to clear his name.\n\"Witch Hunt!\" Trump declared in one comment on his Twitter account.\nTrump said, without citing evidence, that Democrats on the House intelligence committee \"don't want\" Carter Page, a former campaign adviser whose ties to Moscow officials are under investigation, to testify. Trump said Democrats \"have excoriated Page about Russia,\" but that he \"blows away their case against him.\"\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;So now it is reported that the Democrats, who have excoriated Carter Page about Russia, don%27t want him to testify. He blows away their....\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/869865463584620544\\\"\\u0026gt;May 31, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;...case against him \\u0026amp;amp; now wants to clear his name by showing \\\"the false or misleading testimony by James Comey, John Brennan...\\\" Witch Hunt!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/869867413776601088\\\"\\u0026gt;May 31, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nThe president said Page wanted to rebut the \"the false or misleading testimony\" of James Comey, former Federal Bureau of Investigation chief, and John Brennan, former Central Intelligence Agency director, about Page's connections with Russian interests.\nThe FBI last year obtained a warrant under the country's Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act to monitor Page's communications.\nPage, an international businessman and energy consultant, on Monday sent a letter to the House intelligence panel saying he had been told he \"might not be immediately afforded the opportunity\" to testify and made clear he was eager to do so at a public hearing.\nPage, 45, accused Comey; former President Barack Obama; Hillary Clinton, the former secretary of state whom Trump defeated in the 2016 election; and the U.S. news media of making up \"unrelenting lies about me.\"\nTrump's defense of Page came as his first national security adviser, Michael Flynn, agreed to hand over documents to the Senate intelligence committee in connection with its investigation into Russia's efforts to influence last year's U.S. presidential election.\nFILE - Michael Flynn arrives for a news conference in the East Room of the White House in Washington, Feb. 13, 2017. Flynn is now expected by next week to provide some personal documents related to the inquiry into his activities.\nFlynn had previously refused a subpoena from the committee, with his lawyers asserting the request was too broad in what it was seeking. \nThe committee filed a narrower subpoena, and Flynn is now expected by next week to provide some personal documents and those related to two businesses.\nThe House intelligence committee is conducting its own investigation, and Trump's personal attorney, Michael Cohen, turned down a request Tuesday to provide information, calling it \"poorly phrased, overly broad and not capable of being answered.\"\nThere are four congressional investigations of possible Trump campaign links to Russia and Moscow's meddling in the election. In addition, the Justice Department appointed former FBI Director Robert Mueller as a special counsel to probe whether Trump campaign aides illegally colluded with Russia during the long political campaign.\nTrump has rejected allegations of collusion and dismissed the U.S. intelligence community's assessment that Russian President Vladimir Putin ordered an influence campaign aimed at disrupting the November election and helping Trump win.\n\"Russian officials must be laughing at the U.S. & how a lame excuse for why the Dems lost the election has taken over the Fake News,\" Trump wrote Tuesday on Twitter. Clinton has said that Russian interference was partly to blame for her defeat.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;Russian officials must be laughing at the U.S. \\u0026amp;amp; how a lame excuse for why the Dems lost the election has taken over the Fake News.\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/869509894688387072\\\"\\u0026gt;May 30, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nLater Tuesday, at a White House briefing for reporters, spokesman Sean Spicer said Trump \"is frustrated ... to see stories come out that are patently false, to see narratives that are wrong, to see, quote unquote, fake news, when you see stories get perpetrated that are absolutely false, that are not based in fact.\"\nTrump's Russia comment came as news reports continued to focus on Jared Kushner, Trump's son-in-law and a White House adviser, and his reported attempt to establish a back-channel communications link to Russian officials in the weeks before Trump's inauguration in January.\nFILE - White House senior adviser Jared Kushner, right, looks on during a meeting between U.S. President Donald Trump, left, and leaders at the Gulf Cooperation Council Summit, at the King Abdulaziz Conference Center, in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 21, 2017.\nSome foreign affairs experts worried that the move, while Obama had weeks left in his term, could undermine U.S. security, and some opposition Democrats have suggested Kushner's security clearance should be revoked. Other experts say exploring the creation of \"back channels\" is commonplace, even during presidential transitions.\nSpicer deflected several questions about Kushner's actions, telling one reporter his inquiry \"presupposes facts that have not been confirmed.\"\nThe White House also is bracing for Comey's upcoming congressional testimony. Trump fired the FBI chief after allegedly asking him to drop the probe into Flynn and his ties to the Kremlin.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - White House senior adviser Jared Kushner, right, looks on during a meeting between U.S. President Donald Trump, left, and leaders at the Gulf Cooperation Council Summit, at the King Abdulaziz Conference Center, in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 21, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/0D1D8DEB-293F-48C9-BEC6-3004E9E5AA9B.jpg",
        "id": "26175_3",
        "answer": [
            "attempt to establish a back-channel communications link to Russian officials"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Jared Kushner"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_31_3881251",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_31_3881251_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What items did the nation of the people in the image get?",
        "context": "US Approves First Arms Sale to Taiwan Under Trump\nThe State Department has approved arms sales to Taiwan worth a total of $1.4 billion, the first such deal with the self-governing island since President Donald Trump took office, officials said Thursday.\nThe sale will anger China, which regards Taiwan as part of its territory. It comes at a delicate time for relations between Washington and Beijing over efforts to rein in nuclear-armed North Korea.\nThe sale to Taiwan comprises seven items, including technical support for early warning radar, anti-radiation missiles, torpedoes and components for SM-2 missiles, according to a U.S. official who requested anonymity to discuss the details before they were formally announced.\nState Department spokeswoman Heather Nauert said the Trump administration had notified Congress of its intent to approve seven proposed deals now valued at around $1.42 billion. Nauert said the approvals did not violate the Taiwan Relations Act that governs U.S. contacts with the island.\n\"It shows, we believe, our support for Taiwan's ability to maintain a sufficient self-defense policy,\" Nauert said. \"There's no change, I should point out, to our 'one-China policy.\"'\nLawmakers, which are generally strongly supportive of such sales, have 30 days to object. The U.S. is legally obligated to sell weapons to Taiwan for its self-defense.\nThe U.S. official said the sales represented upgrades, converting existing systems from analog to digital.\nThe last U.S. arms sales to Taiwan, worth $1.8 billion, were announced in December 2015. They included two decommissioned U.S. Navy frigates, anti-tank missiles, amphibious assault vehicles and Stinger surface-to-air missiles, and was the first sale for four years.\nChina objected strongly, but it did not notably set back U.S.-China relations and military ties, which has happened after past arms sales to Taiwan.\nHowever, relations across the Taiwan Strait have deteriorated since then, as Taiwan last year elected a leader from an independence-leaning party, Tsai Ing-wen. China has increased diplomatic pressure, cut off its contacts with the island's government and discouraged travel there by Chinese tourists.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Taiwanese soldiers perform a launch preparation exercise on one of Taiwan's missile air defense systems. The State Department has approved arms sales to Taiwan worth a total of $1.4 billion.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/1AD3F84F-B462-4C58-881F-7C5B7FD88BE7.jpg",
        "id": "10607_1",
        "answer": [
            "seven items, including technical support for early warning radar, anti-radiation missiles, torpedoes and components for SM-2 missiles",
            "technical support for early warning radar, anti-radiation missiles, torpedoes and components for SM-2 missiles",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Taiwan",
            "Taiwanese soldiers"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_29_3921999",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_29_3921999_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in the middle of the image confess to?",
        "context": "Jury May Soon Hear From Cosby, Possibly From Deposition Videos\nMORRISTOWN, PA. \u2014\u00a0\nA jury that heard seven hours of testimony from a woman who says Bill Cosby drugged and assaulted her may soon hear from Cosby himself -- even if he doesn't take the stand.\nProsecutors are expected to show jurors an earlier deposition in which Cosby said that he routinely gave women pills and alcohol before sexual encounters and gave at least one of them quaaludes, a now-banned sedative. \nThe suburban Philadelphia jury on Wednesday heard trial accuser Andrea Constand offer her most direct denial yet that any of their earlier meetings were romantic.\nWasn't 'romantic'\n\"It wasn't a romantic time, no,\" Constand, 44, of Toronto, said of an earlier fireside dinner with Cosby, a trustee at Temple University, where she directed the women's basketball team.\nFILE - Andrea Constand arrives during Bill Cosby's sexual assault trial at the Montgomery County Courthouse in Norristown, Pennsylvania, June 7, 2017.\nThe jury also heard Cosby's voice on a 2006 telephone call, offering Constand money for graduate school after her mother called to confront him about the encounter at his home a year earlier.\n\"She could go to school,\" he said. \"If she wanted to do that, then I would be willing to ... pay for the schooling.\"\nCosby, now 79, acknowledges in the deposition from Constand's related lawsuit that he gave her three blue pills before fondling her breast and penetrating her with his fingers. The only question for the jury is how to interpret the encounter. Prosecutors say she was too impaired to give consent.\nThe defense lawyer sought to show that Constand changed her mind about the date of the alleged assault. But Constand perhaps blunted the attack by saying she got confused and initially thought the episode happened in March 2004.\n\"I was mistaken,\" she said, unflustered.\nGianna Constand, who followed her daughter to the stand, sounded alarmed at the thought Andrea had been drugged, and angry that they still don't know what type of pills Cosby gave her. Andrea Constand said the pills left her paralyzed and unable to stop Cosby from penetrating her with his finger and putting her hand on his genitals. She said she was still woozy when she woke up six hours later.\nCross-examination\nThe defense spent hours on cross-examination trying to suggest the sexual encounter with Cosby was consensual, based on Constand's previous visits to his home and continued contact afterward.\nCosby arrived at a courthouse Thursday accompanied by fellow actors and comedians Joe Torry and Lewis Dix. On Wednesday, actress Sheila Frazier and her hairstylist husband, John Atchison, arrived with Cosby. Earlier in the week, Cosby was supported by Keshia Knight-Pulliam, who played the youngest daughter, Rudy, on The Cosby Show.\nConstand's case is expected to get to the jury sometime next week. Prosecutors, before then, plan to call an expert in the behavior of sexual assault victims to explain why some remain in contact with their abusers and wait before lodging a complaint.\nThe defense may call a memory expert to cast doubt on the accuracy of testimony about long-ago events. Cosby was arrested in 2015 after his deposition became public and prosecutors reopened an earlier 2005 investigation that ended with Cosby not being charged.\n\"She has said the same thing from Day One. She's always said he drugged her. She's always said she didn't consent. She's always said it was digital penetration,\" Constand lawyer Dolores Troiani told The Associated Press when Constand finished her testimony Wednesday afternoon.\nSome 60 women have come forward to say Cosby sexually violated them, but the statute of limitations for prosecution had run out in nearly every case. Constand's case is the only one in which Cosby has been charged. The Associated Press does not typically identify people who say they are victims of sexual assault unless they grant permission, which Constand has done.\n",
        "caption": "Bill Cosby, center, with supporter Joe Torry, left, and publicist Andrew Wyatt, right, arrives for his sexual assault trial at the Montgomery County Courthouse in Norristown, Pa., June 8, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/8F01339E-C8BB-42E2-943D-AE0D29AB1011.jpg",
        "id": "31400_1",
        "answer": [
            "routinely gave women pills and alcohol before sexual encounters"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Cosby"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_08_3892093",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_08_3892093_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where are the people on the signs in the image going?",
        "context": "Russia's Ban on US Adoptions Gets Snarled in New Melodrama\nNEW YORK \u2014\u00a0\nMore than four years after it was imposed, Russia's ban on adoptions by Americans is back in the news, rekindling frustration and sadness among some of those affected by it.\nChuck Johnson, CEO of the National Council for Adoption, worries that any efforts by President Donald Trump's administration to get the ban lifted might now be more complicated because of revelations regarding Donald Trump Jr.\nThe younger Trump, explaining a meeting last year with a Russian lawyer, initially issued a statement saying the subject was the adoption ban, but later released emails showing his motive was to obtain negative information about Hillary Clinton.\n\"Because Russia is so much in the news, it's now made lifting the ban even more awkward and difficult,\" Johnson said. \"You'd have Democrats and the hawkish Republicans who would see it as further collusion.\"\nThe ban has had \"disastrous results\" for orphans in Russia, said Johnson, a leading advocate of international adoption.\nSigned by Russian President Vladimir Putin in December 2012, the ban served as retaliation for a U.S. law targeting alleged Russian human-rights violators. It also reflected resentment over the 60,000 Russian children adopted by Americans in the previous two decades, about 20 of whom died of abuse, neglect or other causes while in the care of their adoptive parents.\nHeartache for families\nMore than 200 U.S. families were in the process of trying to adopt children from Russia when the ban took effect. Many of those children have now been placed in Russian homes; the fate of other children remains unknown to their would-be adoptive families.\nThat's the case for a Minneapolis-area couple who adopted a boy from Russia in 2008 and were trying to adopt his biological brother, Nikolai, when the ban was imposed.\nThe wife, Renee Carlson \u2014 who is now divorced and remarried \u2014 campaigned relentlessly for an exception to be made for her family. She even traveled to Moscow in early 2014 and made an emotional appeal on Russian television, but the second adoption never went through.\nIn an email this week, Carlson said she was told by some of her Russian contacts that Nikolai may have been adopted in Russia, but that she has been unable to confirm that.\n\"The Russian people I met with were just like us as Americans, good people, just perhaps had their hands tied by their administration's direction,\" she wrote. \"I respect and understand, as we face similar politics in the U.S.\"\nHigh-level talks\nResumption of adoptions from Russia has been a goal of the Trump administration, as it had been for the Obama administration. But there was no movement until Secretary of State Rex Tillerson and Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov agreed in April to include the matter in high-level talks aimed at resolving festering conflicts that have hindered cooperation on broader strategic and security issues.\nFILE - U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson and Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov shake hands prior to their talks in Moscow, Russia, April 12, 2017.\nThose talks, between the third-ranking U.S. diplomat, Tom Shannon, and Deputy Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Ryabkov, were suspended by Moscow last month after the Treasury Department hit Russia with new sanctions for its actions in Ukraine. But the State Department now says a new round of talks between Shannon and Ryabkov will take place in Washington on Monday.\nEstimates of the number of orphans in Russia vary widely, but the country has been trying to place more of the orphans with Russian families through an expansion of domestic adoption.\nA U.S.-based organization, Kidsave, has been assisting in those efforts, arranging for hundreds of orphans to visit Russian families during weekends and holidays with the aim of encouraging the families to consider adoption. According to Kidsave, more than 1,000 children in the Smolensk region found homes outside the orphanages or established long-term connections with mentors.\nTatiana Stafford, who oversees Kidsave's Russia program, said the adoption ban was unfortunate but didn't affect the program.\n\"A lot of families who were in the process of adoption \u2014 they suffered, the children suffered,\" she said. \"But at the same time, it gave momentum to domestic adoption.\"\nThis will be the last full year of Kidsave's Russia operation. It plans to transfer the program to a Russian nonprofit next year.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Demonstrators hold posters reading \"There is no place for juvenile justice in Russia,\" \"I want all children be happy\" during a massive rally in Moscow, March 2, 2013. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/709A130B-56D0-4DE3-AA6B-F7104F9FB3DE.jpg",
        "id": "19700_1",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "Russian homes"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "children"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_14_3944615",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_14_3944615_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who is unsure about the person in the image?",
        "context": "Partisan Divides Emerge in First Day of Gorsuch Confirmation Hearings\nCAPITOL HILL \u2014\u00a0\nPresident Donald Trump\u2019s Supreme Court nominee, federal appellate Judge Neil Gorsuch, made clear his conservative leanings by speaking out against judicial activism Monday during the first day of confirmation hearings before a sharply divided Senate panel.\n\u201cIt\u2019s for this body, the people\u2019s representatives [in Congress] to make new laws,\u201d Gorsuch said. \u201cIf judges were just secret legislators, declaring not what the law is but what they would like it to be, the very idea of a government by the people and for the people would be at risk.\u201d\nSenate Judiciary Committee Chairman Sen. Charles Grassley, R-Iowa, confers with the committee's ranking member Sen. Dianne Feinstein, D-Calif., on Capitol Hill in Washington, March 20, 2017, during the committee's confirmation hearing for Supreme Court Justice nominee Neil Gorsuch.\nRepublican praise; Democrat concern\nRepublicans on the Senate Judiciary Committee praised Gorsuch\u2019s conservative judicial philosophy, while Democrats voiced concerns that he would solidify what they view as the Supreme Court\u2019s pro-corporate leanings.\n\u201cNo matter your politics, you should be concerned about the preservation of our constitutional order, and most importantly the separation of powers,\u201d said the committee\u2019s chairman, Chuck Grassley, an Iowa Republican. \u201cFortunately for every American, we have before us today a nominee whose body of professional work is defined by an unfailing commitment to these principles.\u201d\n\u201cOur job is to assess how this nominee\u2019s decisions will impact the American people, and whether he will protect the legal and constitutional rights of all Americans, not just the wealthy and the powerful,\u201d said the committee\u2019s top Democrat, Senator Dianne Feinstein of California.\n\u201cThe Supreme Court has the final say on whether a woman will continue to have control over her own body, or whether decisions about her health care will be determined by politicians and the government,\u201d Feinstein added. \u201cIt decides whether billionaires and large corporations will be able to spend unlimited sums of money to buy elections.\u201d\nJudge Merrick Garland, President Barack Obama's choice to replace the late Justice Antonin Scalia on the Supreme Court arrives for a meeting with Sen. Angus King, I-Maine, on Capitol Hill in Washington, April 13, 2016. (AP Photo/Pablo Martinez Monsivais)\nTrump nominated Gorsuch to fill the seat once occupied by conservative Justice Antonin Scalia, who died early last year. He is the second nominee for the lifelong position. Republicans refused to consider former President Barack Obama\u2019s pick, Merrick Garland, arguing that no one should be elevated to the Supreme Court during the heat of a presidential campaign.\nDemocrats made clear that the past is not forgotten.\n\u201cYour name is part of a Republican strategy to capture our judicial branch of government,\u201d Senator Dick Durbin of Illinois said, addressing Gorsuch directly. \u201cThat is why Senate Republicans kept this Supreme Court seat vacant for more than a year.\n\u201cThe Democrats on the Senate Judiciary Committee will extend to you a courtesy which Senate Republicans denied to Judge Garland: a respectful hearing and a vote,\u201d Durbin added.\nExperience not in doubt\nRepublicans argued that Democrats would have done the same had a Republican president been in a position to name a high court nominee in the waning months of an administration, and that Gorsuch\u2019s legal qualifications are beyond reproach.\n\u201cI would encourage my colleagues to carefully consider the nominee on the merits and nothing else,\u201d said Senator John Cornyn of Texas.\nNo Democrat implied that Gorsuch, who has been a federal judge for more than a decade, lacks the experience to serve on the Supreme Court.\n\u201c[Corporate] Special interests \u2026 are now spending millions and millions of dollars campaigning to push your nomination,\u201d said Senator Sheldon Whitehouse of Rhode Island. \u201cThey obviously think you will be worth their money. These special interests also supported the Republican majority keeping this seat open.\nRepublicans responded by noting that many of them voted to confirm liberal high court nominees despite disagreeing with them on ideological grounds.\nOriginalist judicial philosophy\nFor his part, Gorsuch pushed back against any portrayal of him as a one-sided judge who always rules in favor of powerful economic interests.\n\u201cIn my decade on the bench, I\u2019ve tried to treat all who come before me fairly and with respect, and afford equal rights to poor and to rich\u201d the nominee said.\nThe Supreme Court is tasked with applying the Constitution to legal disputes. Gorsuch is often described as a believer in \u201coriginalism\u201d \u2014 that America\u2019s founding document be applied as it was written more than two centuries ago and amended in subsequent years, not interpreted and expanded for application in modern cases.\nGorsuch did not speak on any originalist beliefs he may harbor. But Democrats did not hold back.\n\u201cI find this originalist judicial philosophy to be really troubling,\u201d Feinstein said. \u201cIt severely limits the genius of what our Constitution upholds. I firmly believe the American Constitution is a living document intended to evolve as our country evolves.\u201d\nGorsuch will face at least two days of direct questioning by all senators on the committee. Later, the panel will vote on whether to recommend his nomination to the full Senate.\nRepublicans hold a slim two-seat Senate majority and would need eight Democrats to support Gorsuch should a three-fifths vote be required to advance his nomination in the full chamber.\n",
        "caption": "Supreme Court Justice nominee Neil Gorsuch arrives for his confirmation hearing before the Senate Judiciary Committee on Capitol Hill in Washington, March 20, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/63A577E0-137E-4A92-8F58-9878E4DBD4BF.jpg",
        "id": "6683_1",
        "answer": [
            "Senator Dick Durbin of Illinois",
            "Democrats"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Neil Gorsuch",
            "Gorsuch"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_20_3773956",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_20_3773956_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What has the party of the person on the sign in the image done?",
        "context": "Austrian Chancellor Launches Bid to Win Back Voters from Far Right\nWELS, AUSTRIA \u2014\u00a0\nAustrian center-left Chancellor Christian Kern on Wednesday launched a bid to win back voters from the far-right Freedom Party (FPO), presenting a 10-year plan focused on creating jobs, boosting public investment and taxing multinationals.\nThe far-right FPO, whose candidate achieved a record score in Austria's presidential election last year, is running first in opinion polls with support of roughly a third, helped by fears about immigration and rising unemployment.\nMany of its new voters are former supporters of Kern's Social Democrats frustrated by the coalition with the conservative People's Party, an alliance marked by frequent bickering that is widely seen as ineffective.\n\"Those who no longer believe in us, those who are disappointed by us, those who are perhaps angry, I hear your message and I understand your disappointment,\" Kern said in a landmark speech to hundreds of supporters in Wels, the biggest town in Austria run by an FPO mayor and a former SPO stronghold.\nFILE - A woman walks past election posters of Norbert Hofer, candidate for presidential elections of Austria's right-wing Freedom Party, FPO, in Vienna, Austria, April 19, 2016.\n\"From today we will change course,\" said Kern, who headed the national rail company until he took over as chancellor in May. His 146-page plan covered a range of issues including core SPO themes like health care and raising the minimum wage.\n\"I want 200,000 extra jobs,\" Kern said, calling for greater public investment and measures to help start-ups, but without spelling out how that figure would be achieved.\nWorkers\nThe FPO has made political hay out of Europe's migration crisis, which Austria was swept up in more than a year ago when hundreds of thousands of people swept through the country, many fleeing war and poverty in the Middle East and beyond.\nKern, however, focused more on immigration from eastern European countries, saying he would push for measures within the EU to restrict practices under which companies can send eastern European workers to Austria without paying full Austrian taxes.\n\"We have a situation where these eastern European countries are exporting their joblessness to Austria,\" said Kern, whose party is supported by roughly 27 percent of voters, polls suggest.\nKern's plan, which stretches well beyond the coalition's term expires in autumn 2018, said he would push within the EU for candidates in Austria to be given priority for jobs in sectors that are particularly under pressure.\nTaxes\nPicking up on another FPO theme, Kern criticized multinationals, denouncing firms that base themselves in an EU country with a low tax base so they can avoid or reduce their tax bill in other EU states they operate in.\nHis plan called for a \"punitive\" tax of more than 25 percent to be imposed on companies that book profits from sales in Austria in other European countries to avoid paying Austrian tax. He also said online companies like Google should have to pay the same tax on advertising revenue as newspapers.\nHow these proposals would play with the People's Party was not immediately clear, but Kern seemed to dismiss persistent speculation that their coalition will collapse this year, forcing a snap parliamentary election.\n\"I am convinced that there remains enough for us to do until autumn 2018,\" Kern said.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A woman walks past election posters of Norbert Hofer, candidate for presidential elections of Austria's right-wing Freedom Party, FPO, in Vienna, Austria, April 19, 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/593CE66D-841C-408B-AEE0-6847A1F0A81A.jpg",
        "id": "2748_2",
        "answer": [
            "achieved a record score in Austria's presidential election last year"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "FPO"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_11_3672448",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_11_3672448_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who is responsible for the land in the image?",
        "context": " Deal to Reunify Cyprus Gains Momentum\nGENEVA \u2014\u00a0\nGreek and Turkish Cypriot leaders are meeting in hopes of wrapping up a deal to reunite the island of Cyprus, which has been divided for more than four decades.\nTurkey invaded Cyprus in 1974 following a failed coup by Greek Cypriots who sought a union with Greece. A peace deal to reunite the Mediterranean island has remained elusive, despite numerous efforts over the years.\nEspen Barth Eide, the U.N. special adviser of the secretary-general on Cyprus , says he is hopeful this time will be different. While some issues remain outstanding, he says he believes the Greek and Turkish Cypriot leaders are committed to resolving them. \nTalks moving in right direction\nEide says the talks are moving in the right direction and the Greek and Turkish Cypriot communities would be wise to make the most of this opportunity.\n\u201cYou cannot take for granted that frozen conflicts remain frozen forever if you do not try to deal with them when you can,\u201d Eide said. \u201cSo, I believe that ... this whole process, these last 19 months and the coming days and maybe weeks, is a moment of opportunity that it would be very unwise to miss because I do not know, you do not know, nobody knows what will happen next, but it is not necessarily a good thing.\"\nFew stumbling blocks remain \nEide says the Greek and Turkish Cypriot delegations will be working hard to overcome the remaining stumbling blocks. If significant progress is made, he says an international conference will be convened Thursday to try to put the finishing touches on a reunification pact.\nHe says Turkey and Greece will be represented at the highest level. In the lead up to the conference, he says the leaders have told him they will be watching the negotiations closely to make sure that all or most of the issues blocking the way to a final settlement have been overcome.\n\"They are not interested in being party to discussions that should and will be left to the Cypriots,\u201d Eide said. \u201cSo, there is a relationship between these two things.\"\nEU invited to observe talks \nBritain, which is a guarantor of Cyprus's security along with Turkey and Greece, will be present. The European Union has been invited as an observer.\nOutstanding issues include those of governance or power-sharing between the Greek and Turkish Cypriot communities in a future federal state, the return of or compensation for properties abandoned by the Greek Cypriots in 1974, and guarantees of security for the Turkish Cypriots after Turkish soldiers leave the island.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Cypriot President Nicos Anastasiades, left, and breakaway Turkish Cypriot leader Mustafa Akinci, right, talk at the disused Nicosia airport inside a United Nations controlled buffer zone in this divided island of Cyprus, Sept. 14, 2016. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/0C95670A-EA68-4ABC-8A2E-A2B8EA213C4C.jpg",
        "id": "28498_1",
        "answer": [
            "Britain"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Cyprus"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_09_3668502",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_09_3668502_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who is unsure of the technology in the image?",
        "context": "AP FACT CHECK: US Anti-Missile System in S. Korea Has Limits\nSEOUL, SOUTH KOREA \u2014\u00a0\nNeat certainties are rare in the North Korean nuclear crisis, which for decades has simmered and occasionally boiled over, without resolution.\nSo it was jarring to see the absolute confidence with which America's top Pacific commander described the ability of a contentious U.S. missile defense system, scheduled to be up and running in days in South Korea, to shoot down North Korean missiles.\n\" If it flies, it will die,\" Adm. Harry Harris Jr. told U.S. lawmakers at a hearing Wednesday.\nLike nearly everything associated with the world's last Cold War standoff, the truth is muddier.\nTo test the admiral's assertion, The Associated Press asked a handful of specialists to weigh in on one of the biggest points of friction in Northeast Asia.\n___\nTHAAD has limits, unknowns\nHarris does have some data to back up his bold statement.\nAfter an early redesign, the Terminal High-Altitude Area Defense system, or THAAD, was reportedly successfully tested 12 times, according to Jonathan McDowell, an astrophysicist at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics.\nA controlled test, however, is a much different matter than an actual war, where large numbers of missiles will be fired with little or no warning.\n\"Things that work well at home on the test range don't always go as smoothly when deployed,\" McDowell said.\nA salvo of multiple North Korean short-range missiles, for instance, could overwhelm THAAD, said David Wright, co-director of the Union of Concerned Scientists' Global Security Program.\nTHAAD will also be deployed about 200 kilometers (125 miles) south of Seoul, whose greater metropolitan area, about an hour from the heavily armed border, is home to 25 million. \"It cannot engage missiles fired at Seoul, so it offers no additional protection of the city,'' Wright said.\nSome scientists are even blunter.\nHarris' comments about THAAD's capabilities \"are technically incorrect,\" said Theodore Postol, a professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. \"The THAAD interceptor is very easily defeated by either causing a missile to tumble end over end, or by intentionally fragmenting a rocket into pieces.\"\nTHAAD's capabilities as a defense system \"can be expected to be very low, probably zero or close to that,\" Postol said.\n___\nThe political angle\nViewed one way, Harris' declaration of confidence makes perfect sense.\nA senior military official briefing lawmakers beholden to American taxpayers must show complete confidence in the very expensive piece of hardware that's about to be deployed in a skittish U.S. ally living in direct range of North Korean missiles.\n\"Just imagine an Air Force general saying that his new jet fighters, designed for air superiority, will not stand a chance against the enemy fighters,\" said Markus Schiller, a missile specialist in Germany. \" The same is true for a missile defense system - once deployed, the commanding officer has to say it will work.\"\nThe U.S. admiral may also have been looking to soothe South Korea.\nTHAAD is a big issue ahead of the May 9 presidential election, with the leading candidate, liberal Moon Jae-in, vowing to reconsider the deployment if he wins.\nSome South Koreans wonder why the United States and the caretaker government that took over for recently removed President Park Geun-hye rushed key parts of THAAD into place before dawn this week, prompting violent clashes between local villagers and police.\n___\nThe China angle\nAnother subtext to the admiral's comments on THAAD is China.\nBeijing says THAAD's powerful radar can be reconfigured to peer deep into its territory and monitor its flights and missile launches.\nSeoul already sees moves by Beijing to retaliate, including limits on Chinese tour group visits to South Korea, which is increasingly dependent on Chinese tourism and demand for its industrial products.\nSome experts are sympathetic with China's argument.\nPostol said THAAD's radar can track Chinese intercontinental ballistic missiles flying below the curved earth horizon of U.S. missile defense radars in Alaska. It could then send and receive critical missile defense information to U.S. monitors.\n\"This makes it possible for the THAAD radar to quickly acquire ICBMs launched from China well before the ICBMs rise over the horizon where they could be then seen by U.S. national missile defense radars,\" Postol said.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - U.S. Forces Korea, a truck carrying parts of U.S. missile launchers and other equipment needed to set up the Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) missile defense system arrive at Osan air base in Pyeongtaek, South Korea. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/482C230F-A562-4D99-9337-702D028FC35F.jpg",
        "id": "13234_1",
        "answer": [
            "David Wright",
            "None",
            "Moon Jae-in"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "THAAD",
            "Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) missile defense system"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_28_3829480",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_28_3829480_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the man in the image think should not be a security concern?",
        "context": "Security Firms See Potential North Korea Link to Ransomware Attack\nCyber security researchers on Monday pointed to code in a \"ransomware\" attack that could indicate a link to North Korea.\nSymantec and Kaspersky Lab each cited code that was previously used by a hacker collective known as the Lazarus Group, which was behind the high-profile 2014 hack of Sony that was also blamed on North Korea.\nBut the security firms cautioned that it is too early to make any definitive conclusions, in part because the code could have been merely copied by someone else for use in the current event.\nThe effects of the ransomware attack appeared to ease Monday, although thousands more computers, mostly in Asia, were hit as people signed in at work for the first time since the infections spread to 150 countries late last week.\nHealth officials in Britain, where surgeries and doctors' appointments in its national health care system had been severely impacted Friday, were still having problems Monday. But health minister Jeremy Hunt said it was \"encouraging\" that a second wave of attacks had not materialized.\nHe said \"the level of criminal activity is at the lower end of the range that we had anticipated.\"\nIn the United States, Tom Bossert, a homeland security adviser to President Donald Trump, told the ABC television network the global cybersecurity attack is something that \"for right now, we've got under control.\"\nHe told reporters at the White House that \"less than $70,000\" has been paid as ransom to those carrying out the attacks. He urged all computer users to make sure they install software patches to protect themselves against further cyberattacks.\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nComputers in Africa, Asia Seen as Vulnerable Following Global Virus Attack\nShare this video\n0:02:33\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:33\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 7.1MB\n360p | 10.4MB\n720p | 67.3MB\n1080p | 44.3MB\nIn the television interview, Bossert described the malware that paralyzed 200,000 computers running factories, banks, government agencies, hospitals and transportation systems across the globe as an \"extremely serious threat.\"\nCybersecurity experts say the hackers behind the \"WannaCry\" ransomware, who demanded $300 payments to decrypt files locked by the malware, used a vulnerability that came from U.S. government documents leaked online. The attacks exploited known vulnerabilities in older Microsoft computer operating systems.\nHomeland security adviser Tom Bossert speaks during the daily White House press briefing at the White House in Washington, May 11, 2017.\nDuring the weekend, Microsoft president Brad Smith said the clandestine U.S. National Security Agency had developed the code used in the attack.\nBossert said \"criminals,\" not the U.S. government, are responsible for the attacks. Like Bossert, experts believe Microsoft's security patch released in March should protect networks if companies and individual users install it.\nRussian President Vladimir Putin said his country had nothing to do with the attack and cited the Microsoft statement blaming the NSA for causing the worldwide cyberattack.\n\"A genie let out of a bottle of this kind, especially created by secret services, can then cause damage to its authors and creators,\" Putin said while attending an international summit in Beijing. He said that while there was \"no significant damage\" to Russian institutions from the cyberattack, the incident was \"worrisome.\"\n\"There is nothing good in this and calls for concern,\" he said.\nEven though there appeared to be a diminished number of attacks Monday, computer outages still affected segments of life across the globe, especially in Asia, where Friday's attacks occurred after business hours.\nChina \nChina said 29,000 institutions had been affected, along with hundreds of thousands of devices. Japan's computer emergency response team said 2,000 computers at 600 locations were affected there.\nUniversities and other educational institutions appeared to be the hardest hit in China. China's Xinhua News Agency said railway stations, mail delivery, gas stations, hospitals, office buildings, shopping malls and government services also were affected.\nElsewhere, Britain said seven of the 47 trusts that run its national health care system were still affected, with some surgeries and outpatient appointments canceled as a result. In France, auto manufacturer Renault said one of its plants that employs 3,500 workers stayed shut Monday as technicians dealt with the aftermath of the Friday attacks.\nA man types on a computer keyboard in front of the displayed cyber code in this illustration picture taken on March 1, 2017.\nSecurity patches \nComputer security experts have assured individual computer users who have kept their operating systems updated that they are relatively safe, but urged companies and governments to make sure they apply security patches or upgrade to newer systems.\nThey advised those whose networks have been effectively shut down by the ransomware attack not to make the payment demanded, the equivalent of $300, paid in the digital currency bitcoin. \nHowever, the authors of the \"WannaCry\" ransomware attack told their victims the amount they must pay will double if they do not comply within three days of the original infection, by Monday in most cases. The hackers warned that they will delete all files on infected systems if no payment is received within seven days.\n",
        "caption": "Homeland security adviser Tom Bossert speaks during the daily White House press briefing at the White House in Washington, May 11, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/994AF45A-915C-4171-A702-90F2D38A2D02.jpg",
        "id": "33477_2",
        "answer": [
            "the global cybersecurity attack "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Bossert "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_15_3851797",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_15_3851797_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the people in the image start?",
        "context": "Iraqi Troops Push to Retake Mosul From Islamic State\nIraqi troops are battling for control of a bridge over the Tigris river in Mosul as civilians continue to flee the western part of the city.\nCapturing the bridge, which links Mosul's Old City with the eastern side, would give Iraqis control of three of the five bridges that span the Tigris in Mosul.\nIraqi forces launched a campaign to recapture Mosul from Islamic State in October. They reclaimed the eastern part of the city before embarking on a major push on February 19 to recapture the more densely-populated western part.\nAmid the shelling and machine-gun fire, a steady stream of refugees are fleeing western neighborhoods, joining some 80,000 who have left since the battle to retake the area began last month.\nIraqi troops have effectively sealed off Mosul from the rest of the territory IS controls in Iraq and Syria.\nMosul's fall would deal a significant blow to IS. It would break the militant group's hold on territory in Iraq and end its control over half the \"caliphate,\" which once spanned from northern Syria through western Iraq.\nAbout 600,000 civilians remain trapped with the militants in the Mosul area, according to the International Organization for Migration. IOM said the fighting in the Mosul area has displaced nearly 240,000 people.\nInside Mosul\u2019s Decimated Museum of Antiquities with VOA's Heather Murdock: \nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nInside Mosul\u2019s Decimated Museum of Antiquities\nShare this video\n0:00:59\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:59\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 2.9MB\n360p | 4.5MB\n720p | 27.2MB\n1080p | 18.3MB\na\n",
        "caption": "Iraqi forces advance as they battle with Islamic State militants in western Mosul, Iraq March 13, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F60441CB-878A-486C-83D8-19900FEAD599.jpg",
        "id": "18736_1",
        "answer": [
            "a campaign to recapture Mosul",
            "a campaign to recapture Mosul from Islamic State",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "forces",
            "Iraqi forces"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_14_3765288",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_14_3765288_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What condition will cause the person on the sign in the image be released?",
        "context": "Medical Pardon May Be Possible for Peru's Fujimori\nPeru\u2019s president says a decision about granting a medical pardon to imprisoned former President Alberto Fujimori will likely be made \u201cbefore the end of the year.\u201d\nPresident Pedro Pablo Kuczynski told a local radio station Friday that a pardon for the former leader would not be a pardon for his crimes, but would instead be based on the recommendations of Fujimori\u2019s doctors.\nThe ex-president was taken to a hospital Friday after he displayed signs of hypertension and an irregular heartbeat, according to his doctor.\nFujimori, who is 78 years old, is serving a 25-year sentence for human rights violations, corruption and the sanctioning of death squads during his presidential term.\nDemonstrators took to the streets of Lima on Friday in an effort to persuade Kuczynski to withhold a pardon for Fujimori who has been in and out of the hospital several times with a host of illnesses.\n",
        "caption": "A man holds a sign with a portrait of Peru's jailed President Alberto Fujimori and the Spanish word \"Danger\" during a march in Lima, Peru, July 7, 2017. Peruvian President Pedro Kuczynski said Friday that a group of doctors will help him determine whether to release ex-president Alberto Fujimori, sentenced to 25 years prison, with a medical pardon.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/36A1D46D-1FC7-450E-A879-38C2BBED2205.jpg",
        "id": "1639_1",
        "answer": [
            "hypertension and an irregular heartbeat"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "ex-president",
            "Alberto Fujimori"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_08_3933733",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_08_3933733_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who will be consulted about using weapons more powerful than the one in the image?",
        "context": "After Airstrike, Congress Wants To Hear the President\u2019s Strategy\nU.S. President Donald Trump said Thursday he ordered a targeted military strike against an airfield controlled by Syrian President Bashar al-Assad\u2019s forces. A deadly chemical attack was launched this week from that base.\nHere are the reactions of some members of Congress:\nHouse Speaker Paul Ryan\n\u201cThis action was appropriate and just. Resolving the years-long crisis in Syria is a complex task, but Bashar al-Assad must be held accountable, and his enablers must be persuaded to change course. I look forward to the administration further engaging Congress in this effort.\u201d\nFILE - Sen. John McCain, R-Ariz., (left) and Sen. Lindsey Graham, R-S.C., wait to speak during a news conference on Capitol Hill in Washington, Jan. 21, 2016.\nRepublican Senators John McCain and Lindsey Graham\n\u201cBuilding on tonight\u2019s credible first step, we must finally learn the lessons of history and ensure that tactical success leads to strategic progress. That means following through with anew, comprehensive strategy in coordination with our allies and partners to end the conflict in Syria.\u201d\nSenator Bob Corker, chairman Senate Foreign Relations\n\u201cIt is critical that Assad knows he will no longer enjoy impunity for his horrific crimes against his own citizens, and this proportional step was appropriate. As we move forward, it will be important for the administration to engage with Congress and clearly communicate its full strategy to the American people.\u201d\nRep. Edward Royce, R-Calif., questions Federal Reserve Chair Janet Yellen while she testifies before the House Financial Services Committee hearing on Capitol Hill in Washington, Feb. 11, 2014.\nRepresentative Ed Royce, chairman House Foreign Affairs\n\u201cAssad was warned, repeatedly, by the U.S. and the U.N. that the intentional targeting of innocent men, women and children is intolerable. Now Assad has been caught red-handed carrying out another abhorrent chemical attack, and the administration has taken a measured response.\u201d\nRepresentative Adam Schiff, ranking member, House Intelligence\n\u201cI will be reintroducing an authorization for use of military force against ISIS and al-Qaida when Congress returns to session. Congress cannot abdicate its responsibility any longer and should vote on any use of force not made in self-defense. This is necessary whether action is taken against terrorist groups or, as here, against regime capabilities.\u201d\nSenate Democratic Leader Chuck Schumer\n\u201cMaking sure Assad knows that when he commits such despicable atrocities he will pay a price is the right thing to do. It is incumbent on the Trump administration to come up with a strategy and consult with Congress before implementing it.\u201d\nSenator Ben Cardin, top Democrat on Senate Foreign Relations\n\u201cI cannot emphasize this enough, any longer-term or larger military operation in Syria by the Trump administration will need to be done in consultation with the Congress. Furthermore, it is the president\u2019s responsibility to inform the legislative branch and the American people about his larger policy in Syria, as well as the legal basis for this action and any additional military activities in that country.\u201d\nSen. Marco Rubio, R-Fla, speaks at a rally, Feb. 21, 2016, in Franklin, Tenn.\nSenator Marco Rubio, Republican on Senate Foreign Relations\n\u201cWhat must follow is a real and comprehensive strategy to ensure that Assad is no longer a threat to his people and to U.S. security, and that Russia no longer has free rein to support his regime.\u201d\nRepublican Senator Rand Paul\n\u201cWhile we all condemn the atrocities in Syria, the United States was not attacked. The president needs congressional authorization for military action as required by the Constitution, and I call on him to come to Congress for a proper debate. Our prior interventions in this region have done nothing to make us safer, and Syria will be no different.\u201d\nSenator Dick Durbin, Democratic Whip\n\u201cMy preliminary briefing by the White House indicated that this was a measured response to the Syrian nerve gas atrocity. Any further action will require close scrutiny by Congress, and any escalation beyond air strikes or missile strikes will require engaging the American people in that decision.\u201d\nDemocratic Senator Chris Coons\n\u201cWhile I\u2019m encouraged that the Trump administration has felt compelled to act forcefully in Syria against the Assad regime, I\u2019m gravely concerned that the United States is engaging further militarily in Syria without a well-thought-out, comprehensive plan. Frankly, the president\u2019s actions today generate more questions than answers.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "The USS Ross fires a Tomahawk missile, April 7, 2017, from the Mediterranean. The United States blasted a Syrian airfield with a cruise missiles in retaliation for this week's chemical weapons attack against civilians.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/98E3A1A9-E76B-4C6A-8BFD-020ADB1C0CF9.jpg",
        "id": "29304_1",
        "answer": [
            "the American people "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "missile"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_07_3800298",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_07_3800298_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person with glasses in the image promote?",
        "context": "World Leaders Reaffirm Commitment to Fighting Climate Change\nBERLIN \u2014\u00a0\nWorld leaders affirmed their commitment to combating climate change on Thursday ahead of U.S. President Donald Trump's announcement on whether he would pull out of the Paris climate accord.\nTrump is expected to announce his decision on Thursday afternoon U.S. time (3 p.m. EDT; 1900 GMT).\nChinese Premier Li Keqiang, speaking to reporters during a visit to Berlin, said fighting global warming is a \"global consensus\" and an \"international responsibility.\"\nWithout mentioning the U.S. specifically, Li said that \"China in recent years has stayed true to its commitment\" and pointed out that his was one of the first countries to ratify the 2015 Paris Agreement.\nGerman Chancellor Angela Merkel, who has in the past even been dubbed the \"climate chancellor\" for her efforts to fight global warming, welcomed Li's remarks at their joint press conference.\nOther European leaders were more explicit in expressing their fears that the U.S. government may abandon international measures against climate change.\n\"Please don't change the [political] climate for the worse,\" European Council President Donald Tusk tweeted.\nBritish Foreign Secretary Boris Johnson said Britain would continue to press the U.S. to reduce dangerous emissions even if Trump pulls out.\nJohnson told Sky News that Britain still wants the U.S. to take the lead in fighting climate change and called on individual U.S. states to keep making progress on that front.\n\"We will continue to lobby the Americans and the White House to show the leadership they have shown in the past on reducing CO2,\" he said.\nAbandoning the pact would isolate the U.S. from a raft of international allies who spent years negotiating the 2015 agreement to fight global warming and pollution by reducing carbon emissions.\nWhile traveling abroad last week, Trump was repeatedly pressed to stay in the deal by European leaders and Pope Francis. Withdrawing would leave the United States as one of just three countries outside the agreement. The other two are Syria and Nicaragua.\nRussia joined the chorus speaking out in favor of the climate accord. Speaking to reporters on Thursday, a spokesman for President Vladimir Putin said Russia \"thinks highly\" of the accords and sees no alternative to it. Spokesman Dmitry Peskov added that its implementation will not be as effective \"without the key signatories.\"\nDuring a trip to Europe this week, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi expressed India's commitment to fighting climate change and said it would be a ``crime'' to spoil the environment for future generations.\nScientists say Earth is likely to reach more dangerous levels of warming sooner if the U.S. retreats from its pledge because America contributes so much to rising temperatures. Calculations suggest withdrawal could release up to 3 billion additional tons of carbon dioxide a year \u2014 enough to melt ice sheets faster, raise seas higher and trigger more extreme weather.\n",
        "caption": "German Chancellor Angela Merkel, right, and China's Premier, Li Keqiang, left, talk during a contract signing ceremony as part of a meeting at the chancellery in Berlin, June 1, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/95931A70-7506-43C2-9C16-FB0BBE1AC12B.jpg",
        "id": "18491_1",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "fighting global warming"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Li Keqiang"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_01_3882291",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_01_3882291_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is improbable for the person wearing glasses in the image's country?",
        "context": "Trump Reviews Policy on North Korea Amid Talk of Regime Change \nWith the White House reviewing its policy on North Korea, discussions are taking place among former U.S. officials and experts on whether regime change is a viable option for U.S. President Donald Trump in tackling North Korea's nuclear ambitions.\nRecently, North Korea threatened to test-launch an intercontinental ballistic missile, claiming it can do this at any time from any location. In prepared testimony submitted to the House Armed Services Committee this week, John McLaughlin, former acting CIA director under President George W. Bush, said there is a \"looming prospect of [North Korea's] intercontinental ballistic missile exploding somewhere on the U.S. soil.\"\nMany North Korea watchers believe that former President Barack Obama\u2019s policy of \"strategic patience\" has failed to curb North Korea's nuclear development.\nFILE - Sen. Bob Corker, R-Tenn., the chairman of the Foreign Relations Committee, speaks on Capitol Hill in Washington, Jan. 18, 2017.\nU.S. Senator Bob Corker, a Republican from Tennessee, told a Senate hearing on North Korea this week that even as the U.S. ramped up sanctions against the North, the \"current approach is not working\" to rein in the regime's weapons program. \nNew approach\n\"We have an obligation to the American people to challenge existing assumptions and explore policy alternatives,\" Corker said.\nQuoting two unnamed White House officials, the Financial Times reported Thursday that the Trump administration has already launched a review of its North Korea policy.\nAlso speaking at the Senate hearing, Nicholas Eberstadt, a scholar at the American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research, said: \"For over 20 years, I've been arguing that the North Korean nuclear problem is the North Korean regime, and we won't have denuclearization until we have a better class of dictator there.\"\nKathleen Hicks, who served as the U.S. Department of Defense director for policy planning in the Obama administration, told VOA that \"it looks very unlikely\" that the Kim Jong Un regime would step away from its nuclear arsenal without regime change.\nFILE - North Korea leader Kim Jong Un smiles as he visits Sohae Space Center in Cholsan County, North Pyongan province for the testing of a new engine for an intercontinental ballistic missile in this undated photo.\n\"At present, I do not see a set of incentives that seem to be powerful enough,\" said Hicks, who is now director of the International Security Program at the Center for Strategic and International Studies in Washington.\nRegime change\nSpeaking to VOA, Sue Mi Terry, a senior analyst on North Korea at the CIA from 2001 to 2008, said pursuing diplomatic dialogue with Pyongyang would prove little.\n\"I really don't think that the regime could be persuaded to give up its nuclear program,\" Terry said. \"Washington has been trying to deal with North Korean threats through negotiations, through engagement, and we know that North Koreans have been happy to pocket the aid and various concessions but they have not really delivered on any of their promises of ending their nuclear program.\"\nScott Snyder, a senior fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations in Washington, suggested during an interview with VOA that \"regime transformation\" was a possible option.\n\"Essentially what [regime transformation] means is that it includes the possibility that the regime could change direction voluntarily, but it also includes the possibility that if the DPRK doesn't change direction, then it could also be achieved through coercion,\" he said. North Korea's official name is the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, or DPRK.\nFILE - A man watches a TV news program showing a file image of missile launch conducted by North Korea, at the Seoul Railway Station in Seoul, South Korea, Oct. 20, 2016.\nSome experts, however, are skeptical of regime change as a policy option for the Trump administration, believing that there is still room for talks.\nNegotiations possible\nDennis Wilder, former senior director for East Asian affairs at the National Security Council in the administration of President George W. Bush, said if pressure is put on North Korean elites, then they would talk Kim into changing his mind and returning to the negotiation table.\n\"If they are suffering enough, then he has to think about his survival, and while he says that he wants to keep his weapons, I think that the more important thing to Kim is surviving,\" Wilder said in an interview with VOA.\nKen Gause, director of the International Affairs Group at the Center for Naval Analyses in Arlington, Virginia, told VOA that instead of aiming for regime collapse that comes with great calamity, the U.S. should open up an aperture of engagement and give the Kim regime something that will offset the nuclear weapons program \u2014 for example, economic assistance.\n\"Hopefully, over time, as North Korea becomes more engaged with the outside world, the regime begins to slowly evolve into something that will be able to peacefully reunify with South Korea,\" he said.\nOn Friday, Seoul announced that Pyongyang had dismissed its minister of state security, Kim Won Hong, in what appeared to be another purge of a high-level official. Jeong Joon-hee, spokesman for the South Korean Unification Ministry, which handles inter-Korean affairs, told reporters that the dismissal could lead to instability in the North's leadership.\nBaik Sungwon contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A TV screen shows pictures of then-U.S. President-elect Donald Trump, right, and North Korean leader Kim Jong Un, at the Seoul Railway Station in Seoul, South Korea, Nov. 10, 2016. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B3287123-08F7-4724-803F-1E44C2845A5A.jpg",
        "id": "27756_1",
        "answer": [
            "step away from its nuclear arsenal without regime change"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Kim Jong Un"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_03_3705606",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_03_3705606_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What are the people on the truck in the image accused of using?",
        "context": "More Than 100 People Killed in DRC Army and Militia Clashes\nGENEVA \u2014\u00a0\nThe U.N. human rights office says more than 100 people have been killed over the past few days in clashes between the army and a local militia in the Democratic Republic of Congo\u2019s Kasai-Central province. The fighting took place between February 9 and 13 in the territory of Dibaya.\nTensions in the area of persistent conflict had been growing since April with the emerging friction between the customary tribal chief and authorities. The situation reached a fever pitch in August when the chief was killed by Congolese armed forces.\nU.N. human rights spokeswoman Liz Throssell tells VOA that since then, the local militia has become radicalized, attacking institutions viewed as symbols of the state.\n\u201cA lot of the people fighting with the militia, they are children,\" she said. \"They have been recruited by the militia leaders and that is something that we strongly condemn\u2026I cannot say exactly who the victims were, but we are given to understand that the majority of the people who have been killed were militia members.\u201d\nThrossell says the armed forces reportedly opened fire indiscriminately with machine guns last week when they saw the militia fighters, who were armed mainly with machetes and spears.\n\u201cOne of the incidents did take place in the 9th of February when we understand there was an incident in the market and that may account for the fact that about 39 women were killed. They were caught in the fire,\u201d she said. \nThe U.N. human rights office says it is deeply concerned about the high number of deaths, adding it suggests an excessive and disproportionate use of force by the soldiers. The agency is urging restraint to minimize damage and injury.\nThe agency says it has documented atrocities committed by both sides since August. It is calling for an independent investigation into human rights violations and abuses committed by the Congolese army and militia in the ongoing conflict.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Congolese soldiers are seen on a pick-up truck after dispersing civilians protesting against what they say is the government's failure to stop killings and inter-ethnic tensions in the town of Butembo, North Kivu province, DRC, Aug. 24, 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/E37B5F7D-D6C5-4DD0-AC18-B8531E54C703.jpg",
        "id": "23053_1",
        "answer": [
            "disproportionate use of force"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "soldiers"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_14_3724063",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_14_3724063_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is being discussed at the thing the people in the image mock?",
        "context": "Trade, Climate Change on Agenda for G-7 Summit in Sicily\nTAORMINA, ITALY \u2014\u00a0\nLeaders of the world\u2019s rich nations braced for contentious talks with Donald Trump at a G-7 summit in Sicily Friday after the U.S. president lambasted NATO allies for not spending more on defense and accused Germany of \u201cvery bad\u201d trade policies.\nTrump\u2019s confrontational remarks in Brussels, on the eve of the two-day summit in the Mediterranean resort town of Taormina, cast a pall over a meeting at which America\u2019s partners had hoped to coax him into softening his stances on trade and climate change.\nGreenpeace activists hang a banner on climate issues along a road above the beach of Isolabella, ahead of a G-7 summit scheduled for May 26 and 27, in the Sicilian town of Taormina, May 25, 2017.\nThe summit will kick off with a ceremony at an ancient Greek theater perched on a cliff overlooking the sea, before the leaders of Britain, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan and the United States begin talks on terrorism, Syria, North Korea and the global economy.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-partner=\\\"tweetdeck\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p lang=\\\"en\\\" dir=\\\"ltr\\\"\\u0026gt;Hello from Sicily and the \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/G7Summit?src=hash\\\"\\u0026gt;#G7Summit\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;. \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/POTUS\\\"\\u0026gt;@POTUS\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt; scheduled to meet in a few minutes for talks with \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/AbeShinzo\\\"\\u0026gt;@AbeShinzo\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt; of \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/Japan?src=hash\\\"\\u0026gt;#Japan\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;.\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Steve Herman (@W7VOA) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/W7VOA/status/868016752084627456\\\"\\u0026gt;May 26, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nTrump said Friday that North Korea was a \u201cbig problem,\u201d but assured Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe that issues surrounding the secretive Asian state would be resolved.\n\u201cIt is very much on our minds. ... It\u2019s a big problem, it\u2019s a world problem and it will be solved. At some point it will be solved. You can bet on that,\u201d Trump said sitting alongside Abe in a bilateral meeting ahead of a Group of Seven summit.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-partner=\\\"tweetdeck\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p lang=\\\"en\\\" dir=\\\"ltr\\\"\\u0026gt;\\\"It is reconfirmed,\\\" \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/POTUS\\\"\\u0026gt;@POTUS\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt; replies. \\\"It is a close partnership, collaboration and friendship.\\\" \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://t.co/2kCd0g6wHo\\\"\\u0026gt;https://t.co/2kCd0g6wHo\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Steve Herman (@W7VOA) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/W7VOA/status/868028294771462144\\\"\\u0026gt;May 26, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. 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Juncker called the media reports exaggerated, saying it was \u201cnot true\u201d that Trump had been aggressive towards Germany in the talks.\nTrump will not be the only G7 newcomer. French President Emmanuel Macron, Italian Prime Minister Paolo Gentiloni and British Prime Minister Theresa May will also be attending the elite club for the first time. \n",
        "caption": "Oxfam activists wearing masks of the leaders of the G-7 summit (from left) Italian Premier Paolo Gentiloni, US President Donald Trump, German Chancellor Angela Merkel, Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, French President Emmanuel Macron and Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, stage a demonstration in Giardini Naxos, near the venue of the G-7 summit in the Sicilian town of Taormina, May 26, 2017. ",
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            "terrorism, Syria, North Korea and the global economy",
            "have a very robust discussion on trade and we will be talking about what free and open means,\u201d"
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        "question": "Who is the person with the blue tie accused of collaborating with?",
        "context": "Trump Attacks Investigation of Possible Obstruction of Justice\nWHITE HOUSE \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. President Donald Trump has taken to his favorite social media platform to assail reports that a special counsel is investigating whether he tried to obstruct justice.\n\u201cThey made up a phony collusion with the Russians story, found zero proof, so now they go for obstruction of justice on the phony story. Nice.\u201d That was the message Trump wrote sarcastically Thursday morning on his Twitter account.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-partner=\\\"tweetdeck\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p lang=\\\"en\\\" dir=\\\"ltr\\\"\\u0026gt;They made up a phony collusion with the Russians story, found zero proof, so now they go for obstruction of justice on the phony story. Nice\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/875305788708974592\\\"\\u0026gt;June 15, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nIn a second tweet, Trump said, \u201cYou are witnessing the single greatest WITCH HUNT in American political history - led by some very bad and conflicted people!\u201d\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-partner=\\\"tweetdeck\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p lang=\\\"en\\\" dir=\\\"ltr\\\"\\u0026gt;You are witnessing the single greatest WITCH HUNT in American political history - led by some very bad and conflicted people! \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/MAGA?src=hash\\\"\\u0026gt;#MAGA\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/875321478849363968\\\"\\u0026gt;June 15, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nAt an off-camera briefing for reporters, White House spokeswoman Sarah Huckabee Sanders referred questions about the president\u2019s latest tweets to Trump\u2019s personal attorney.\nLegal peril\nThe tweets potentially could put the president into deeper legal peril.\nWatch: Trump Lashes Out at Reports of Possible Obstruction of Justice Inquiry\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTrump Lashes Out at Reports of Possible Obstruction of Justice\nShare this video\n0:02:58\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:58\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 8.5MB\n360p | 13.8MB\n720p | 81.7MB\n\u201cIt looks grossly inappropriate for the president to be bad-mouthing a special counsel investigation looking into his actions and that was created by his own deputy attorney general,\u201d said Bradley Moss, a lawyer specializing in litigation relating to national security, federal employment and security clearance law.\nSpecial Counsel Robert Mueller likely \u201cwill be archiving these various Twitter rants as supplemental evidence\u201d for the obstruction investigation, Moss, who also is deputy executive director of the James Madison Project, told VOA.\nMark Corallo, a spokesman for Trump\u2019s personal attorney Marc Kasowitz, reacting to the news stories that prompted the Trump tweets, blamed the FBI for leaking information regarding the president, which he called \u201coutrageous, inexcusable and illegal.\u201d\nFILE - Former FBI Director Robert Mueller is seated before President Barack Obama and FBI Director James Comey arrive at an installation ceremony at FBI Headquarters in Washington, Oct. 28, 2013.\nSeveral news reports said Mueller plans to interview key U.S. national security officials about Trump\u2019s comments seeking an end to the investigation of contacts his first national security adviser, Michael Flynn, had with Russia\u2019s ambassador to Washington, Sergey Kislyak.\nBased on accounts of people familiar with the investigation, the reports say Mueller plans to interview Director of National Intelligence Dan Coats, National Security Agency (NSA) Director Michael Rogers and former NSA Deputy Director Richard Ledgett.\nThe reports say one focus of Mueller\u2019s investigation is presidential conversations with Coats and Central Intelligence Agency director Mike Pompeo in late March, in which Trump reportedly asked them to intervene with then-FBI Director James Comey to ask him to halt his probe of Flynn. A day or two later, Trump reportedly called Coats and Rogers to ask them to publicly deny the existence of any evidence that Trump aides had illegally colluded with Russian officials to help Trump win the election.\nFrom left, National Intelligence Director Dan Coats, National Security Agency director Adm. Michael Rogers and acting FBI Director Andrew McCabe, arrive for the Senate Intelligence Committee hearing about the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act, on Capitol Hill.\nAccording to the news accounts, neither Coats nor Rogers complied with Trump\u2019s requests. It was not known whether Ledgett talked with Trump, but he wrote an internal NSA document recounting Trump\u2019s request to Rogers.\nCoats and Rogers told a Senate panel a week ago they did not feel pressured by Trump to intervene in the case, but declined to say what Trump asked them to do.\nThe Washington Post is reporting that officials say Mueller also is investigating the finances and business deals of Trump\u2019s son-in-law and top adviser Jared Kushner.\nPrevious Post articles spoke of Kushner\u2019s meetings with the head of a Russian state-owned development bank. Kushner\u2019s lawyers say he will cooperate with investigators.\nWhite House senior adviser Jared Kushner, right, looks on during a meeting between U.S. President Donald Trump, left, and leaders at the Gulf Cooperation Council Summit, at the King Abdulaziz Conference Center, in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 21, 2017.\nThe former director of the Department of Homeland Security, Jeh Johnson, is scheduled to appear June 21 in an open session before the House of Representatives\u2019 intelligence committee, which is looking into Russian activity during the 2016 U.S. election campaign.\nThe Senate Intelligence Committee has interviewed Johnson about the matter.\nThe president fired Flynn in February, after just 24 days on the job, when he learned that the former Marine lieutenant general lied to Vice President Mike Pence about his conversations with Kislyak.\nTrump fired Comey last month, saying \u201cthis Russia thing\u201d was on his mind when he made the decision to oust the nation\u2019s top law enforcement official while Comey was leading the FBI\u2019s probe into Russia\u2019s meddling.\nAbout a week later, Mueller, a former FBI director, was appointed, over Trump\u2019s opposition, as special counsel to lead the criminal probe.\nThe White House confirmed Thursday that Mueller was interviewed, presumably about again running the FBI, the day before he was named as special counsel to investigate Russian meddling in last year\u2019s presidential election.\nNews accounts this week said Trump was considering firing Mueller from his special counsel role, but the White House eventually said he does not plan to.\nWatch: Comey Wrote Memos Because Trump \u2018Might Lie About The Nature of Our Meeting\u2019\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nComey Wrote Memos Because Trump \u2018Might Lie About The Nature of Our Meeting\u2019\nShare this video\n0:00:54\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:54\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 2.5MB\n360p | 3.2MB\n480p | 20.2MB\nComey testified before a Senate panel last week that Trump spoke privately with him several times, including by telephone and at White House meetings.\nComey said he believed Trump was trying to get him to drop an investigation of the president\u2019s former national security adviser, and that White House officials spread \u201clies, plain and simple\u201d to cover up the reason for his dismissal.\n",
        "caption": "White House senior adviser Jared Kushner, right, looks on during a meeting between U.S. President Donald Trump, left, and leaders at the Gulf Cooperation Council Summit, at the King Abdulaziz Conference Center, in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 21, 2017.",
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        "id": "688_4",
        "answer": [
            "Russians",
            "Russian officials",
            "Russia"
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            "Trump"
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    {
        "question": "What did the people in the image do?",
        "context": "Deadly Clashes Erupt in Central African Republic Despite Cease-fire\nBANGUI \u2014\u00a0\nBodies lay in the streets and at least 35 people were wounded on Tuesday in fighting in Central African Republic a day after a peace deal was signed to end years of bloodshed, aid workers and witnesses said.\nThousands have died and a fifth of Central Africans have fled their homes in the conflict that broke out after mainly Muslim Seleka rebels ousted President Francois Bozize in 2013, provoking a backlash from Christian anti-balaka militias.\nThirteen of the country's 14 armed groups along with representatives from the government signed Monday's accord in Rome. The deal, brokered by the Roman Catholic Sant' Egidio peace group, called for an immediate cease-fire.\nFILE - Seleka rebels walk through the town of Bria, Central African Republic, July 15, 2013. Recent fighting between rival militia groups in the Central African Republic has killed 16 people, U.N. peacekeepers said Wednesday, Nov. 23, 2016.\nBut clashes between former Seleka members and anti-balaka fighters erupted early in the morning in the town of Bria, around 580 kilometers (360 miles) northeast of the capital Bangui.\n\"There are bodies strewn across the streets. There are also fires and looting of houses taking place,\" said one aid worker present in the town, who asked not to be named for fear of reprisals.\nAn official death toll was not immediately available, but the medical charity Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF) said it was treating those wounded in the clashes.\n\"Intense shooting started at 6 a.m. (0500 GMT) today. At 9:30 a.m. we already received 35 wounded at the hospital, mostly (with) gunshot wounds,\" said Mumuza Muhindo Musubaho, MSF's project coordinator in Bria.\nFlashpoint\nThe presence of rival factions in Bria has made the town a regular flashpoint, including during fighting that killed around 300 people and displaced 100,000 last month.\nTuesday's clashes broke out near a camp housing people who had been forced to flee previous bouts of violence, according to the country's U.N. peacekeeping mission, MINUSCA.\n\"We regret the presence of armed elements in IDP (Internally Displaced Persons) camps, which causes problems not just in Bria but also in other locations. It's a reality,\" said MINUSCA spokesman Vladimir Monteiro.\nMonday's peace deal is only the latest in a series of agreements aimed at putting an end to the conflict in Central African Republic, which has in recent months witnessed some of the worst bloodshed in years.\n The office of President Faustin-Archange Touadera, who was elected last year, applauded on Tuesday what it said was \"an historic accord\". However, other reactions in the capital Bangui were less optimistic.\n\"[This accord] simply follows the same scenario repeated over and over,\" said Joseph Bindoumi, president of the Central African League of Human Rights. \"Those who signed are mocking the people.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Seleka rebels walk through the town of Bria, Central African Republic, July 15, 2013. Recent fighting between rival militia groups in the Central African Republic has killed 16 people, U.N. peacekeepers said Wednesday, Nov. 23, 2016.",
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            "ousted President Francois Bozize in 2013"
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    {
        "question": "What are the people in the image responsible for?",
        "context": "Ethiopia's State of Emergency Seen as Tool to Silence Dissent\nIt's been five months since Ethiopia declared a state of emergency in response to widespread protests and unrest, and there are no signs indicating when it might end. \nSince October, thousands have been arrested and sent to military-style camps where they live in squalid conditions, perform strenuous exercises and get beaten when they falter, according to Befeqadu Hailu, a former detainee.\nThe prisoners have also undergone reeducation training, including a crash course on the country\u2019s constitution.\n\u201cWe didn\u2019t have access to either family and friends, visitors or lawyers, so we didn\u2019t have any contact to the outside world,\u201d said Hailu, speaking to VOA shortly after his release.\nHailu is part of a group known as the Zone 9 bloggers, who were acquitted last year of charges of inciting violence under Ethiopia\u2019s anti-terrorism law. Hailu was rearrested in October after he was interviewed by VOA\u2019s Amharic Service.\nOngoing imprisonment\nDespite the release of about 20,000 detainees, top opposition leaders remain in jail. Most have been charged under the Ethiopia's anti-terrorism law, which is often used to stifle dissent and arrest journalists.\nEthiopian men read newspapers at a cafe in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia on Oct. 10, 2016. Ethiopia's government on Monday blamed Egypt for supporting outlawed rebels and forcing the declaration of the country's first state of emergency in a quarter-century as widespread anti-government protests continue.\nEarlier this month, several opposition members were charged with an attempted coup, including Jawar Mohammed, who runs the Oromia Media Network based in Minnesota, and Berhanu Nega, an opposition leader who had previously been sentenced to death. Both men are outside the country.\nAnother man, Merera Gudina, chairman of the Oromo Federalist Congress, was arrested in Ethiopia after returning from a trip to testify before the European parliament about human rights violations.\nIn a statement to the U.S. Congress this week, Human Rights Watch condemned the state of emergency as an effort to undermine expression and crush dissent without addressing underlying concerns about representation.\nEthiopian officials insist the state of emergency is stabilizing the country.\n\u201cAs of now, the state of emergency has accomplished its goal,\" said Prime Minister Hailemariam Desalegn, speaking to reporters in January.\n\u201cWe have to ensure that the goal is long-lasting. As long as we have ensured that, the state of emergency can be lifted anytime,\u201d Desalegn said, adding that officials evaluate the state of emergency on a regular basis to determine whether it is still needed.\nPower struggle\nRen\u00e9 Lefort, a journalist who has covered the region since the 1970s, believes the government\u2019s actions reflect a power struggle between the federal government and regional police forces.\n\u201cThe state of emergency didn't play an important role in maintaining or reestablishing law and order in Ethiopia,\u201d said Lefort. \u201cBecause, before the state of emergency, the security forces and the army or police had almost a free hand to act as they want without any heavy legal constraints,\" he said. \"The state of emergency has simply been part of the game between Addis Ababa and the local authorities or the regional authorities.\u201d\nProtesters run from tear gas being fired by police during Irreecha, the thanks giving festival of the Oromo people in Bishoftu town of Oromia region, Ethiopia, October 2, 2016\nEthiopia\u2019s ruling party, the EPRDF, has engaged in dialogue with opposition members, but Lefort said they are yet to make meaningful concessions.\nWith protests and violence subsiding, he believes real progress may be possible if the EPRDF is willing to meet the opposition\u2019s demands.\n\u201cWe're in a crucial period,\u201d Lefort said. \"Now that Ethiopia is relatively calm, we will know if the ruling power is really ready to discuss [things] with the opposition and to make some steps in the direction of the opposition.\u201d\nThe opposition currently has no power in the national government. The EPRDF controls all 547 seats in parliament.\nAlex de Waal, a research professor at Tufts University\u2019s Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, said the long-term solution for the country must come through reconcilation, not revolution. Diaspora efforts for an armed insurrection and overthrow could be disastrous for the country. \n\u201cIt is reckless and irresponsible to call for armed insurrection. I think what we are seeing at the moment is an impasse where those [in] the internal domestic opposition in Ethiopia, Ethiopian civil society, recognize this, and their leaders are pressing for a reform rather than a revolution agenda,\u201d de Waal said.\n\u201cI'm absolutely sure that's the right way to go. The government is dragging its feet in responding, and we hope they don't drag their feet, they do respond with more alacrity.\u201d\nPeople assist an injured protestor during Irrechaa, the thanks giving festival of the Oromo people in Bishoftu town of Oromia region, Ethiopia, October 2, 2016.\nPointing to the outcome of the Arab Spring, de Waal said that similar efforts could be perilous and a hit-and-miss affair. \n\u201cOne hopes that there will be the kind of open dialogue and the kind of willingness to reform among the leadership and respond to the very authentic legitimate, heartfelt demands of the people to democratize Ethiopia.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "Protesters run from tear gas being fired by police during Irreecha, the thanks giving festival of the Oromo people in Bishoftu town of Oromia region, Ethiopia, October 2, 2016",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D3499BDC-92F7-463B-9B56-462D2DAE42DF.jpg",
        "id": "7384_3",
        "answer": [
            "a state of emergency",
            "inciting violence"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Protesters",
            "protest"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_10_3760465",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_10_3760465_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person at the podium in the image do?",
        "context": "Morocco King Names New Cabinet, Islamists Lose Key Post\nRABAT \u2014\u00a0\nAfter six months of post-election deadlock, Morocco's King Mohammed VI on Wednesday named a new cabinet led by the main Islamist party, which lost a key ministry after protracted negotiations with rivals in the ruling coalition.\nThe Islamist Justice and Development (PJD) party won elections in October, but the formation of a government was delayed during wrangling with parties who critics say were too close to royalists uneasy with sharing power with Islamists.\nUnder Moroccan law no party can win an outright majority in the 395-seat parliament, making coalition governments a necessity in a system where the king holds ultimate power despite ceding some authority during protests in 2011.\nThe PJD's Saad Eddine El Othmani, a former foreign minister, was appointed premier last month by the king to replace PJD leader Abdelilah Benkirane, after his efforts to form a government had been frustrated.\nThe new cabinet includes members from six political parties.\nThe PJD, the National Rally of Independents (RNI), the Popular Movement (MP), and the Party of Progress and Socialism (PPS) were in the last government.\n Also part of the new cabinet are the Constitutional Union (UC) and the Socialist Union of Popular Forces (USFP), whose participation became a source of conflict between Islamists and the rival RNI party, led by a close friend of the king.\nMAP state news agency said several key ministerial posts remain unchanged and under the control of the RNI, which clashed with the PJD during party talks over its insistence on including the USFP in the coalition. The PJD had resisted under Benkirane.\nAziz Akhannouch, RNI leader and a close friend of the king, remains Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries. RNI members Mohammed Boussaid and Moulay Hafid Elalamy remain heads of the Ministry of Finance and Economy and Ministry of Trade and Industry, respectively.\nAbdelouafi Laftit, former governor of Rabat and opponent of the PJD, was named Minister of Interior. Former interior minister, Mohammed Hassad, whose tenure saw a testy relationship with Benkirane, was appointed Minister of Education.\nThe PJD lost its control of the key Ministry of Justice and Public Freedoms, previously led by Mustafa Ramid, who had been critical of the security service's record during his days as a lawyer and human right activist.\nHe will remain as Minister of State in charge of human rights.\nCritics say since the 2011 reforms, royalists have tried to push back Islamist influence. Dismissing claims of royal interference, the palace says the king maintains an equal distance from all parties.\nPJD SPLINTERS?\nAt the heart of the months-long political crisis were questions about the future direction of the PJD, the region's last remaining Islamist party in power after the Arab Spring, and its relations with the palace.\nLast month, members of the PJD's national council met to discuss the party's next steps following the replacement of Benkirane. As party members gathered, Othmani's modest arrival was eclipsed by Benkirane, who received a hero's welcome.\nFor some members of the PJD, Benkirane's removal was a reflection of resentment toward him personally by other leaders, wary of his charisma.\nBenkirane has said his party is living through a tough moment because of divisions over what some party members described in the local media as Othmani's failure to fully consult with the party's leadership on the cabinet makeup.\n\"Whatever may be said about Benkirane now regarding how he approached negotiations, he did maintain a certain advantage in that he refused ... any position that would weaken his party's agenda,\" said Intissar Fakir, editor-in-chief of Carnegie's Sada Journal.\nAbdelali Hamieddine, member of the PJD's general secretariat posted in a tweet before Wednesday's cabinet announcement that a certain \"critical distance from Othmani's government is needed.\"\n",
        "caption": "Morocco's new Prime Minister Saad Eddine El Othmani, center, gives a news conference next to Driss Lachgar, left, of the Socialist Union of Popular Forces party (USFP), Aziz Akhannouch, second left, of the National Rally of Independents (RNI), Mohamed Nabil Benabdallah, third right, of the Progress and Socialism party (PPS), Mohammed Sajid, second right, of the Constitutional Union (UC) party, and Mohand Laenser, right, of the Popular Movement, in Rabat, Morocco, March 25, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/580A6615-21DE-4B6A-8F0D-6A842A11E038.jpg",
        "id": "11058_1",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "replace PJD leader Abdelilah Benkirane"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Saad Eddine El Othmani"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_05_3797808",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_05_3797808_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the community of the person in the image have to do?",
        "context": "Rwandan LGBT Community Steps Out of Shadows\nMembers of the LGBT community in Rwanda are coming out of the shadows after dark days of attacks and harassment early this year. In February, a Rwandan TV journalist proposed marriage to her same-sex partner and they publicly prepared for a wedding abroad. Their engagement sparked anger in the deeply conservative country, and many LGBT people fled Rwanda or went into hiding. Hamada Elrasam talked with Rwandan LGBT community members about how they survived that dangerous time, and the challenges they still face.\n\u00a0</cap>\n\u00a0</cap>\n\u00a0</cap>\n",
        "caption": "Carter, transgender man, 28, is a program officer at Rights For All, an association that advocates for the LGBT community. &quot;Recently when those two lesbians came out as married, it was a big debate and people didn&#39;t understand,&quot; Carter said. &quot;They wondered, &#39;Who are they? Who is who in the relationship?&#39; We started to get harassed again, so we&nbsp;stopped going out in the street of Kigali, we were scared. The medias never made it easy but the outcome was amazing, the society that didn&#39;t understand who lesbians were got to actually know that they exist!&nbsp;in Kigali, Rwanda, April 21, 2017. (Photo: H. Elrasam/VOA) &nbsp;",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/8AE9AF94-5CAC-4D36-A0AE-6E1448C24AE2.jpg",
        "id": "20582_2",
        "answer": [
            "fled Rwanda or went into hiding.",
            "None",
            "fled Rwanda or went into hiding"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "LGBT",
            "Carter"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_27_3825108",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_27_3825108_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the nation associated with the people in the image do?",
        "context": "UN: Japanese Troops Start Withdrawing from South Sudan Mission\nNAIROBI \u2014\u00a0\nJapan on Monday started withdrawing its troops from a U.N. mission in war-battered South Sudan, according to an official, a move coinciding with escalating violence in a conflict where killings have been described as genocide.\nThe 350-strong Japanese military contingent, which has been based in South Sudan's capital Juba for the past five years, has been mostly helping with infrastructure construction.\n\"The first group is leaving today,\" Daniel Dickinson, spokesman for the U.N. peacekeeping mission called UNMISS, told Reuters moments before the troops were due to board their flight at Juba International Airport.\nDickinson said the Japanese contingent would leave in three batches and that the group that was due to leave Monday had 68 troops.\nDeadly violence, often driven by ethnic hatred, has gripped South Sudan since 2013 when fighting broke out between forces loyal to President Salva Kiir and his political foe Riek Machar, whom he sacked as vice president.\nA 2015 peace deal ended that conflict and Machar was early last year restored to his vice presidency position. However, persistent animus between the two men finally exploded into fresh fighting in July.\nEpisodes of mass violence \u2014 especially in the equatorial region of South Sudan \u2014 have been growing, with surviving civilian witnesses reporting government troops turning up in towns and starting shooting rampages.\nThe UK has described the killings and other atrocities in South Sudan as genocide, although the U.N. has not yet made that determination.\nSouth Sudan's government spokesman, Ateny Wek Ateny, said the departure of Japanese troops was welcomed because \"the government of South Sudan is able to control the country.\"\n",
        "caption": "Japan's Ground Self-Defense Force troops board a plane as they start leaving South Sudan, April 17 2017, as part of the process to end their five-year participation in the ongoing U.N. peacekeeping mission.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/1FDC1306-EAA1-4EEA-B6D7-43DF5CB5152A.jpg",
        "id": "18097_1",
        "answer": [
            "tarted withdrawing its troops",
            "None",
            "started withdrawing its troops from a U.N. mission in war-battered South Sudan"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Japan's Ground Self-Defense Force troops",
            "Japan"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_17_3813397",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_17_3813397_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "How does the man third from right in the image want his religion's reputation to be described?",
        "context": "Pakistani Islamist Leader Calls on Taliban to Join His Political Party \nA Pakistani lawmaker and deputy leader of a conservative religious party, accused of links with militant groups, has invited the Pakistani Taliban to join his Islamist political party.\nAs a three-day gathering of religious devotees and political followers got under way Thursday, the secretary general of Pakistani's Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam-Fazl (JUI-F), Abdul Ghafoor Haidari, called on the Taliban in Pakistan to lay down arms and pursue its objectives through political means.\nSpeaking to reporters the previous day in the northwestern restive city of Peshawar, Haidari said, \"We invite them [Pakistani Taliban] to join JUI-F and achieve their objectives with the help of a peaceful and political struggle.\"\nFILE - Abdul Ghafoor Haidari, third from right, secretary general of the Pakistani religious party Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam, addresses a news conference with his party members in Quetta, Pakistan, Oct 14, 2001.\nOver a quarter million people, including foreign guests, were expected to attend the gathering in Naushera, near Peshawar, which began to celebrate the centenary of the conservative party.\n\"We have sent invitations to 52 countries and have also invited ambassadors from Muslim and European Union countries,\" Jalil Jan, a spokesperson for JUI-F, told VOA's Deewa service. \"Guests from 20 countries have already arrived. More guests are arriving today and tomorrow morning.\"\nThe guest list also includes the deputy Imam of the Kaaba \u2014 the Muslim holy place in Mecca, Saudi Arabia.\nHeaded by Maulana Fazal-ur-Rahman, JUI-F is an offshoot of a Muslim Sunni clerics' political movement founded in British India by the Deobandi madrassa in 1919, which opposed the formation of a separate homeland for Indian Muslims \u2014 today's Pakistan.\nRahman's father, Mufti Mahmoud, was one of the leading members who parted ways with the party in 1945 and supported the creation of Pakistan.\nThe party has been a strong advocate of Sharia law in the country and has opposed liberal initiatives in the parliament.\nFILE - Maulana Fazal-ur-Rahman, right, pro-Taliban cleric and chief of religious party Jamiat Ulema-i-Islam addresses a news conference with Abdul Ghafoor Haidari in Islamabad, Pakistan, Feb. 3, 2014.\nAccording to Haidari, the gathering is being held to demonstrate to the world that there is no space for extremism in Islam, Pakistani media said.\n\"Islam's revered beliefs cannot be made controversial. It clearly states that the killing of one person means the murder of all humanity,\" said Haidari, who is also the vice chairman of Pakistan's senate.\nTaliban agreement seen as unlikely\nAnalysts say the Islamist party's message is unlikely to appeal to Taliban members.\n\"This will not make TTP [Pakistani Taliban] surrender their arms or leave their movement and ideology,\" Amir Rana, a security and political analyst in Islamabad, told VOA. \"Those who have joined the Taliban might not come back.\"\nPeshawar-based political analyst Khadim Hussain said the Taliban does not believe in Pakistani government institutions or its constitution, nor do they accept democracy.\n\"How can Taliban join the political scenario of Pakistan while having such ideologies against the state?\" Hussain told VOA.\nFILE - Pakistani Taliban patrol in their stronghold of Shawal in Pakistani tribal region of South Waziristan, Aug. 5, 2012.\nHussain added that unless the Islamist party condemns all forms of terrorist groups, including those that are fighting to topple the government in neighboring Afghanistan, its message would fall on deaf ears. JUI-F has historically supported the Taliban in Afghanistan.\n\"Fazal-ur-Rahman believes that Afghan Taliban are fighting for freedom or imposing Sharia in Afghanistan and it's justified,\" Hussain said. \"But on the other hand, he has a completely different stance on Taliban active against the state in Pakistan. For JUI, if Taliban is used against Afghanistan, that's right, but if they fight against the state of Pakistan, it's wrong.\"\nJUI-F has strongly opposed American drone strikes targeting militants in Pakistan's tribal areas, viewing it as a violation of Pakistan's sovereignty.\nFollowing the 2011 U.S. raid in Abbottabad that killed al-Qaida's leader Osama bin Laden, the JUI-F condemned the drone strikes, calling on the government to stop the passage of supplies to U.S. and NATO forces in Afghanistan through Pakistan.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Abdul Ghafoor Haidari, third from right, secretary general of the Pakistani religious party Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam, addresses a news conference with his party members in Quetta, Pakistan, Oct 14, 2001.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/396DE699-AEB1-490C-8AE4-5B45A15B4A51.jpg",
        "id": "28308_2",
        "answer": [
            "no space for extremism in Islam"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Haidari"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_06_3799595",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_06_3799595_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What political ideology does the person the people in the image oppose have?",
        "context": "American College Campuses Increasingly Hostile to Free Speech \nAmerican universities have long allowed controversial public figures to speak publicly as part of a philosophy that encourages open debate as a means of education. But a series of recent protests appears to indicate shifting attitudes about free speech among today's students.\nSince February, protests on college campuses like the University of California-Berkeley, Middlebury College, the Claremont colleges and California State University, Los Angeles, have erupted ahead of speeches scheduled by conservative political pundits. The protests, several of which turned violent, have drawn intense media coverage and condemnation from those who believe the demonstrations are aimed at shutting down controversial speakers.\nWill Creeley, senior vice president of legal and public advocacy at the Foundation for Individual Rights in Education (FIRE), told VOA the incidents have become a growing concern for free speech advocates because he thinks schools could do more to protect invited speakers.\n\"Capitulating to threats of violence only goes to further embolden that illiberal response,\" he said. \"Violence at these events will beget more violence and we are seriously concerned that someone is going to get hurt.\"\nLast month, a student group at Vermont's Middlebury College invited Charles Murray, a political scientist and fellow at the conservative American Enterprise Institute, to speak on campus. Murray's controversial research has linked race and intelligence, leading groups such as the Southern Poverty Law Center to label him a white nationalist.\nMurray was greeted by hundreds of protesters who shouted over him when he tried to speak. As the crowd refused to let up, college administrators escorted Murray to another building where his talk with Middlebury professor Allison Stanger was broadcast online.\nAs Stanger and Murray left the building, they were \"physically and violently confronted by a group of protesters,\" college spokesman Bill Burger said in a statement.\nProtesters \"set upon [their] car, rocking it, pounding on it, jumping on and trying to prevent it from leaving campus,\" Burger said.\nStanger was treated at a hospital emergency room and left wearing a neck brace following the confrontation with protesters, one of whom grabbed her by the hair and yanked her backward. \"I feared for my life,\" Stanger later wrote in a post on Facebook.\nEarlier this month, students at Claremont McKenna College in California targeted Heather MacDonald, a Manhattan Institute scholar and prominent critic of the Black Lives Matter movement. Students at Claremont took issue with a book MacDonald published last year called The War on Cops, which puts forth the idea that police officers are afraid to perform their jobs because of increased media scrutiny following the 2014 police shooting death of Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri.\nMacDonald, who was also invited to speak on campus by a student group, saw protesters block the doors to the building where she was scheduled to speak. She was forced to deliver the speech via livestream to a largely empty room, as the protesters refused to allow anyone to pass.\nThe protesters banged on windows and shouted from outside the building until \"the cops decided that things were getting too chaotic and I should stop speaking,\" MacDonald later said of the incident.\nPolice officers then had to sneak MacDonald out the building's back door so she could safely escape the protesters.\nFollowing her speech, more than two dozen students signed an open letter to one of the school's presidents, David Oxtoby, assailing MacDonald as a \"fascist\" and demanding Claremont \"take action\" against an independent student newspaper for its coverage of the protests and its \"continual perpetuation of hate speech.\"\nOxtoby had previously condemned the protests and defended MacDonald's right to speak on campus, citing the college's commitment to \"the exercise of free speech and academic freedom.\"\nThe students argued that MacDonald is a well-known figure, with her views well-documented, so refusing her a platform to speak didn't violate her rights. Further, the students said, they consider MacDonald's mere presence on campus \"a form of violence.\"\nAttacks on Constitution\nIncidents like the ones at Middlebury and Claremont have become increasingly common on American college campuses, according to Creeley.\n\"It's deeply troubling,\" he told VOA. \"We have seen an unfortunate outbreak of violence in response to controversial speakers on campus.\"\nHe blamed university administrators for capitulating to student critics who he said show a lack of knowledge about laws protecting free speech in the United States.\n\"The Supreme Court has wisely limited the categories of unprotected speech to a narrow set of exceptions, including true threats, intimidation, incitement, and obscenity. On campus, schools that accept federal funding have a legal obligation to prohibit discriminatory harassment. But each of these exceptions has a carefully crafted legal definition,\" he said.\nIn a 2015 YouGov survey, 43 percent of students said, \"Making sure that students have an environment free from discrimination, even if that means placing some limits on what students can say\" should be more of a priority for colleges than protecting the \"absolute right to free speech.\"\nA similar 2016 survey conducted by Gallup shows that, by a 52 percent to 42 percent margin, students believe their institution should forbid people from speaking on campus who have a history of engaging in \"hate speech.\"\nBut, as Creeley told VOA, \"there is no hate speech exception to the First Amendment.\"\n\"There is an unfortunately prevalent problem of students being unaware of the extent of their rights and the rights of their peers,\" he said.\nBirthplace of free speech\nThis discussion over First Amendment rights came to a head this week when the University of California-Berkeley pre-emptively cancelled a scheduled speaking event by conservative commentator Ann Coulter, citing concerns the school couldn't control a potentially violent reaction to Coulter's presence.\nFILE - Protesters watch a fire on Sproul Plaza during a rally against the scheduled speaking appearance by Breitbart News editor Milo Yiannopoulos on the University of California at Berkeley campus, Feb. 1, 2017, in Berkeley, Calif.\nThe cancellation followed several violent incidents on the Berkeley campus this year, including a riot in February when conservative journalist Milo Yiannopoulos was invited to speak. That incident resulted in more than $100,000 of damage to buildings on campus.\nThe school's decision to cancel Coulter touched off a firestorm of controversy, leading Berkeley to reverse its move and reschedule Coulter's talk at a time when less people would be on campus. This didn't sit well with the student group that invited Coulter to campus, so, on Monday, they filed a lawsuit against the school alleging discrimination against the speaker.\n\"This case arises from efforts by one of California's leading public universities, UC Berkeley, once known as the 'birthplace of the Free Speech Movement,' to restrict and stifle the speech of conservative students whose voices fall beyond the campus political orthodoxy,\" according to the lawsuit, filed by Harmeet Dhillon on behalf of the Berkeley College Republicans.\nA spokeswoman for the school, Diane Klein, called the allegation that Coulter is being unfairly punished for her political point of view \"untrue.\"\n\"The university welcomes speakers of all political viewpoints and is committed to providing a forum to enable Ann Coulter to speak on the Berkeley campus,\" she said in a statement.\nThe university offered to let Coulter speak May 2, but Dhillon said the time slot is unacceptable, because students will be studying for finals.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Protesters watch a fire on Sproul Plaza during a rally against the scheduled speaking appearance by Breitbart News editor Milo Yiannopoulos on the University of California at Berkeley campus, Feb. 1, 2017, in Berkeley, Calif.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/71ADFAFD-1BDC-403B-8CE8-3A0DB30A7E7F.jpg",
        "id": "16242_2",
        "answer": [
            "conservative",
            "conservative ",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Milo Yiannopoulos",
            "Protesters"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_26_3826959",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_26_3826959_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the man to the right in the second photo think about Trump's statements",
        "context": "Trump Keeps Railing at Russia Probe; Kushner Deals Reportedly Draw Scrutiny\nWHITE HOUSE \u2014\u00a0\nPresident Donald Trump continued a campaign on Twitter on Friday against the investigations into possible links between his campaign and Russia.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;After 7 months of investigations \\u0026amp;amp; committee hearings about my \\\"collusion with the Russians,\\\" nobody has been able to show any proof. Sad!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/875682853585129472\\\"\\u0026gt;June 16, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;The Fake News Media hates when I use what has turned out to be my very powerful Social Media - over 100 million people! I can go around them\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/875690204564258816\\\"\\u0026gt;June 16, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;Despite the phony Witch Hunt going on in America, the economic \\u0026amp;amp; jobs numbers are great. Regulations way down, jobs and enthusiasm way up!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/875698062030778368\\\"\\u0026gt;June 16, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;I am being investigated for firing the FBI Director by the man who told me to fire the FBI Director! Witch Hunt\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/875701471999864833\\\"\\u0026gt;June 16, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nTrump said he was \"being investigated for firing the FBI Director by the man who told me to fire the FBI Director! Witch Hunt.\"\nIt was unclear whether the president was referring to Special Counsel Robert Mueller or Deputy Attorney General Rod Rosenstein. Reporters who shouted questions for clarification after Trump stepped off Marine One on his return to the White House on Friday from a Miami trip got no answers.\nThe latest social media outburst by the president on his personal Twitter account came after a Washington Post report that Mueller is looking into the financial transactions of Trump's son-in-law, Jared Kushner, who is a senior adviser to the president.\nMueller's investigation also includes the question of whether Trump tried to obstruct justice.\nThere is wide consensus that Trump is not doing himself any legal favors by repeatedly referring to it on Twitter.\nFILE - Sen. Dianne Feinstein, D-Calif., talks to Sen. Patrick Leahy, D-Vt., on Capitol Hill in Washington during a Senate Judiciary Committee meeting Jan. 31, 2017.\n\"President Trump is hurting his own case every time he goes on [Twitter],\" said a member of the Senate Judiciary Committee, Democrat Patrick Leahy of Vermont, on MSNBC.\nA Republican senator on Friday also expressed hope Trump would refrain from discussing the Russia investigation.\n\"Frankly, I think the president should stop talking about it,\" Missouri Senator Roy Blunt told KMBZ, a Kansas City-area radio station. \"I think the president needs to get on with the work that is so important that he do and at this point now let this investigation run its course.\"\nThe top Democrat on the Senate Judiciary Committee, Dianne Feinstein of California, said, \"The message the president is sending through his tweets is that he believes the rule of law doesn't apply to him and that anyone who thinks otherwise will be fired.\"\nFeinstein added, \"That's undemocratic on its face and a blatant violation of the president's oath of office.\"\nShe also echoed concern that the president will try to fire Mueller and Rosenstein.\nRepresentative Adam Schiff of California, the ranking Democrat on the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, warned that Trump would be overstepping his authority by taking such action.\nIf Trump were to fire Mueller and Rosenstein, \"Congress must unite to stop him, without respect to party, and for the sake of the nation,\" Schiff said in a statement.\nTalk of recusal\nThe Democratic National Committee, in a statement Friday, said that Rosenstein, who has authority over Mueller, needs to recuse himself from the Russia investigation and that control of the investigation should not be given to another presidential appointee.\nFILE - Deputy Attorney General Rod Rosenstein testifies on Capitol Hill in Washington, June 13, 2017, before a Senate Appropriations subcommittee hearing on the Justice Department's fiscal 2018 budget.\nThe Justice Department on Friday said any such of consideration of recusal was premature.\n\"As the deputy attorney general has said numerous times, if there comes a point when he needs to recuse, he will. However, nothing has changed,\" Justice Department spokesman Ian Prior told VOA.\nRosenstein on Thursday night issued an unusual and puzzling public warning about stories attributed to anonymous sources.\n\"Americans should exercise caution before accepting as true any stories attributed to anonymous 'officials,' particularly when they do not identify the country \u2014 let alone the branch or agency of government \u2014 with which the alleged sources supposedly are affiliated,\" Rosenstein said in a short statement released by the Justice Department.\n\"Americans should be skeptical about anonymous allegations. The Department of Justice has a long-established policy to neither confirm nor deny such allegations.\"\nIt's unclear why Rosenstein issued the warning or whether anyone prompted him to do so.\nRosenstein wrote a memo last month noting concerns about Comey's handling of the Hillary Clinton email investigation that the White House initially used to justify the removal of the FBI director.\nIn another sign the investigation is expanding, lawyers for the Trump transition team issued a memo Thursday instructing those who worked for the transition to preserve documents in anticipation that investigators will request those materials for the probe into Russian interference into last year's presidential election.\nVOA's Masood Farivar contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Sen. Dianne Feinstein, D-Calif., talks to Sen. Patrick Leahy, D-Vt., on Capitol Hill in Washington during a Senate Judiciary Committee meeting Jan. 31, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/E2DA44D3-43B9-4EFA-A7E9-62DC3D6F841B.jpg",
        "id": "6498_2",
        "answer": [
            "\"President Trump is hurting his own case every time he goes on [Twitter]"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Patrick Leahy"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_16_3903679",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_16_3903679_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person in the blue coat in the image say they will do?",
        "context": "Germany Touts Africa Investment as Signature Issue at G-20 Meeting\nJOHANNESBURG \u2014\u00a0\nA new approach to foreign investment and aid in Africa by the world\u2019s richest nations is being called for by Germany's chancellor, before she hosts a meeting of the world's 20 wealthiest nations next month. The so-called \"Merkel plan\" calls for more investment in Africa, as a way of stemming African migration to Europe.\nThis week, German Foreign Minister Gerd Muller said he fears 100 million African refugees might come to Germany if nothing is done.\nSo, Chancellor Angela Merkel has vowed to invest some $335 million to attract foreign investors to Africa, and will try to convince the other 19 nations attending the G-20 summit to show greater commitment to the continent\u2019s struggling economies.\nFront from left, the president of Egypt, Abdel Fattah el-Sissi, chairman of the African Union and President of Guinea Alpha Conde, German Chancellor Angela Merkel and the President of Tunisia during the conference 'G20 Africa Partnership \u2013 Investing in a Common Future' in Berlin, June 12, 2017.\nGermany has identified four countries as its focus: Ivory Coast, Morocco, Rwanda and Tunisia, but has also had discussions with other African leaders.\nTalitha Bertelsmann-Scott heads the Economic Diplomacy Program at the South African Institute of International Affairs, and says Germany has worked hard to overcome its violent African colonial past and emerge as a business leader.\n\u201cGermany has given so much, has been very inspiring in terms of how it emerged after the Second World War as this leading manufacturing powerhouse,\u201d she said. \u201cAnd Africa is really looking towards ways they can industrialize. And Germany does give leadership here.\u201d\nBut she said she has some reservations about the plan outlined by Germany\u2019s Finance Ministry, which she says did not involve consultation with African nations.\nGerman business: all in the family\nMarc Zander leads business consultancy Africon, a German-based company that focuses on helping businesses set up in sub-Saharan Africa.\nHe says German companies are looking to make serious, long-term investments and more are looking each day.\n\u201cA lot of German companies are still family-owned so their approach to the African region might be on the one side be very cautious, but on the other side, a lot of German companies do properly work on the the strategies and also think-long term,\u201d he said from Stuttgart, Germany.\nChristoph Kannengiesser, CEO of the Berlin-based German-African Business Association says 600 German companies are already working on the continent and he expects that number to grow. The continent\u2019s booming population and growing consumer base make it an attractive business destination, he says.\n\u201cThe new German approach to Africa is first of all to accept and to take into consideration much more that Africa is a political and economic factor, and that Germany should strengthen the ties to Africa and build up more and more intensive relations to Africa in general and to important African countries,\u201d he said. \u201cAnd I think the second aspect is that we recognize Africa as a continent of economic opportunities and that we should engage as well.\u201d\nThe two-day summit will be held July 7 and 8 meet in Hamburg.\n",
        "caption": "Front from left, the president of Egypt, Abdel Fattah el-Sissi, chairman of the African Union and President of Guinea Alpha Conde, German Chancellor Angela Merkel and the President of Tunisia during the conference 'G20 Africa Partnership \u2013 Investing in a Common Future' in Berlin, June 12, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D102354E-E816-43B3-9DA9-1C79C2D5D852.jpg",
        "id": "15087_2",
        "answer": [
            "invest some $335 million to attract foreign investors to Africa",
            "invest some $335 million to attract foreign investors to Africa, and will try to convince the other 19 nations attending the G-20 summit to show greater commitment to the continent\u2019s struggling economies",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Angela Merkel"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_20_3908129",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_20_3908129_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who is potentially helping the opponents of the people in the image?",
        "context": "US Wary of Russian Role in Afghanistan as Moscow Holds Talks\nSTATE DEPARTMENT / ISLAMABAD \u2014\u00a0\nAs the United States and Russia clash on Syria, another war-torn nation could play out as a renewed theater for the U.S.-Russia rivalry: Afghanistan.\nThursday, U.S. forces dropped what was being called the largest non-nuclear bomb on a reported Islamic State militant complex in the eastern Afghan province of Nangarhar.\nThe U.S. strike came a day before Russia is to host multi-nation talks on prospects for Afghan security and national reconciliation, the third such round since December.\nEleven countries are set to take part in Friday's discussions in Moscow, including Afghanistan, China, Iran, Pakistan and India. Former Soviet Central Asian states have been invited to attend for the first time.\nThe Afghan Taliban said Thursday that they would not take part.\n\"We cannot call these negotiations [in Moscow] as a dialogue for the restoration of peace in Afghanistan,\" Taliban spokesman Zabihullah Mujahid told VOA. \"This meeting stems from political agendas of the countries who are organizing it. This has really nothing to do with us, nor do we support it.\"\nThe spokesman reiterated insurgents' traditional stance that U.S.-led foreign troops would have to leave Afghanistan before any conflict resolution talks could be initiated.\nThe United States was also invited to the Moscow talks, but Washington declined, saying it had not been informed of the agenda beforehand and was unclear about the meeting's motives.\nFILE - Afghan security forces and NATO troops investigate at the site of an explosion near the German consulate in Mazar-i-Sharif, Afghanistan, Nov. 11, 2016.\nUndermining NATO\nAmerican military officials suspect Russia's so-called Afghan peace diplomacy is aimed at undermining NATO and have accused Moscow of arming the Taliban.\n\"I think it is fair to assume they may be providing some sort of support to [the Taliban], in terms of weapons or other things that may be there,\" U.S. Central Command Chief General Joseph Votel told members of the House Armed Services Committee in March. He said he thought Russia was \"attempting to be an influential party in this part of the world.\"\nFor its part, Moscow has denied that it is supporting the Afghan Taliban.\n\"These fabrications are designed, as we have repeatedly underlined, to justify the failure of the U.S. military and politicians in the Afghan campaign.There is no other explanation,\" said Zamir Kabulov, the Kremlin's special envoy to Afghanistan.\nIn a separate statement Thursday, the Taliban also denied receiving military aid from Russia, though the group defended \"political understanding\" with Afghanistan's neighbors and regional countries.\nAnna Borshchevskaya of the Washington Institute for Near East Policy said reports of Moscow supporting the Taliban were not new.\n\"The official Russian position on the Taliban is that they see it as a group that could help fight ISIS, but this is something that even some Taliban spokesmen have denied, since ISIS and the Taliban reached an understanding about a year ago,\" Borshchevskaya said.\nFILE - Russian President Vladimir Putin gestures during his annual news conference in Moscow, Russia, Dec. 23, 2016.\nPutin's motive\nShe said that if the allegations of Russian support for the Taliban were true, Russian President Vladimir Putin was most likely motivated by his desire to undermine the West.\n\"Certainly one motivation could be taking advantage of regional chaos, and to assert Russia's influence at the expense of the U.S., taking advantage of a U.S. retreat from the Middle East and elsewhere and [to] undermine NATO and the U.S.\" Borshchevskaya said, \"This has been Putin's pattern.\"\nU.S. President Donald Trump has made few public statements on Afghanistan, and his administration is still weighing whether to deploy more American troops to try to reverse the course of the war.\nThursday's strike in Nangarhar marked a major step by the Trump administration in Afghanistan, in which there has been a U.S. military presence since 2001.\nDuring a March 31 NATO foreign ministers meeting in Brussels, U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson reaffirmed U.S. support for the alliance's mission in Afghanistan.\n\"NATO's work in Afghanistan remains critical. The United States is committed to the Resolute Support Mission and to our support for Afghan forces,\" Tillerson said.\nSome 13,000 NATO troops, including 8,400 Americans, are part of the support mission, tasked with training Afghanistan's 300,000-member national security and defense forces.\nMichael Kugelman, South Asia expert at the Washington-based Woodrow Wilson Center, said he expected continuity in U.S. policy toward Afghanistan between the Obama and Trump administrations.\n\"The statement made by Tillerson at a recent NATO meeting could well have been uttered by an Obama official,\" Kugelman said. \"The focus on training, advising and assisting and the call for reconciliation mirror exactly the Obama administration's priorities.\"\nFILE - U.S. Army General John Nicholson Campbell, commander of Resolute Support forces and U.S. forces in Afghanistan, takes the reins in a change-of-command ceremony in Kabul, March 2, 2016.\nMore troops\nBut the South Asia analyst noted one important policy difference: U.S. troop levels in Afghanistan.\n\"Obama was an anti-war president who was never comfortable keeping large numbers of troops in Afghanistan. Trump is unlikely to be as constrained,\" Kugelman said.\n\"Look for Trump to send in several thousand more troops,\" he said. \"This is a request that the generals in Afghanistan have made for years, and Trump is more likely to defer to the U.S. military's wishes on this than Obama was.\"\nAs for Russian involvement in Afghanistan following the former Soviet Union's occupation of the South Asian country from 1979 to 1989, Kugelman said that even if Russia were engaging the Taliban to undercut U.S. influence, the two nations ultimately hope for the same outcome in Afghanistan.\n\"The ironic thing is that Washington and Moscow both want the same endgame in Afghanistan \u2014 an end to the war, preferably through a reconciliation process \u2014 but they simply can't get on the same page about how to proceed,\" Kugelman said.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Afghan security forces take a position during a gunbattle with Taliban forces in Laghman province, Afghanistan, March 1, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/14DFC278-F8DF-4D97-852A-9F71DEA5C9DE.jpg",
        "id": "5605_1",
        "answer": [
            "Moscow",
            "Russia"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Taliban",
            "Taliban forces"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_13_3809349",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_13_3809349_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where were most of the people with helmets in the image stationed?",
        "context": "Turkey Agrees to Send Up to 3,000 Troops to Qatar Amid Gulf Diplomatic Crisis\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nTurkey's decision to send up to 3,000 troops to Qatar further cements their growing ties, but it virtually eliminates a possible role for Ankara to mediate between Qatar and the Gulf states that have decided to isolate it for alleged support of terrorism.\nBoth countries have found themselves increasingly isolated Turkey for the increasing authoritarian rule of President Recep Tayyip Erdogan and Qatar for its alleged financial support of extremist groups and growing ties with Iran, the main competitor to Saudi Arabia for power and influence in the region. Qatar denies the allegation.\nErdogan reportedly tried to intervene after Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Egypt and Yemen cut diplomatic ties Monday with Qatar and took other measures to pressure it. He then convened a special session of Parliament on Wednesday night to authorize the dispatch of up to 3,000 troops to Qatar and hold military exercises with the country.\nSaying both countries faced the \u201csame threats,\u201d Turkey agreed last year to open a military base in Doha and had already dispatched 150-300 troops there. The agreements that were finalized Wednesday were signed in 2016 but had not yet been approved before suddenly being pushed to the top of Parliament's agenda.\nIn this June 6, 2017, photo, Turkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdogan addresses foreign ambassadors at a Ramadan dinner in Ankara, Turkey. Erdogan has voiced support for Qatar in its dispute with Saudi Arabia and other nations.\nRisky business\nThe move carries some risk for Turkey, particularly if Saudi Arabia attacks or annexes Qatar.\n\u201cIf there is Qatar on one side and the rest of the Gulf states on the other, one must be very careful,\u201d said Dr. Ali Faik Demir, a member of the Galatasaray University International Relations Department. \u201cMeaning that no state can be brave enough to take on the Gulf states in investment and economic relations-wise by standing with Qatar.\u201d\nWhile the troops are not expected to fight for Qatar should hostilities break out, Demir says Turkey should have avoided the appearances of giving Qatar military support when it could mediate the crisis.\n\u201cTurkey is in a position to become a key in peace in Middle East and other subjects when one considers her America and West relations, even Russia relations, and especially the delicate Iranian balances and how she is an important power in the Muslim world and in the Middle East,\u201d Demir told VOA Turkish.\nFILE - In this Dec. 9, 2014, file photo, Qatar's Emir Sheik Tamim attends a Gulf Cooperation Council summit in Doha, Qatar.\nQatar needs quick solution\nKadir Has University professor Serhat Guvenc says Qatar will suffer badly if the crisis is not solved in a short time, and if the crisis continues this will impact Turkey adversely due to its support of Qatar.\nBut Turkey's decision also is an economic one.\nQatar has recently developed into one of the most active investors in Turkey's economy. Economists estimate Qatar has invested $19 billion in Turkey, buying Digiturk and Finansbank in the last two years. Turkish defense industry giant BMC also has a Qatari partnership, and Qatari Emir Sheik Temim bought the most expensive part of the Bosphorus in 2015.\nIn December 2015, Turkey reached a long-term deal to buy liquefied natural gas from Qatar. Bilateral trade totaled $710 million last year.\nVOA Turkish contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "Turkish army soldiers run to their fighting positions during exercises, at a military outpost near the town of Kilis, southeastern Turkey, March 2, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/9BD19673-A476-4EA4-A4E6-3882226ACCBF.jpg",
        "id": "3163_1",
        "answer": [
            "Qatar",
            "Turkey's decision to send up to 3,000 troops to Qatar"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Turkey",
            "Turkish",
            "Turkish army soldiers"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_08_3892808",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_08_3892808_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who did the person in the background of the image push against?",
        "context": "Republicans Mum on Trump Wiretapping Claims\nCAPITOL HILL \u2014\u00a0\nRepublicans Tuesday barely acknowledged the \"big gray cloud\" House Intelligence Committee Chair Devin Nunes said now hangs over the White House after FBI Director James Comey's revelation his agency is investigating ties between Russia and President Donald Trump's campaign.\nComey's blunt debunking of Trump's claim accusing former President Barack Obama of conducting surveillance on him during the 2016 election was barely mentioned by House Republicans on Capitol Hill. They declined to comment while leaving a meeting with Trump, as he attempted to rally enough votes to pass a measure that would repeal and replace the Affordable Care Act, known as Obamacare.\nNational Security Agency Director Michael Rogers, front, and FBI Director James Comey, testify on Capitol Hill, March 20, 2017, before the House Intelligence Committee hearing on allegations of Russian interference in the 2016 U.S. presidential election.\n\"Are you serious?\" Rep. Walter Jones, a Republican from North Carolina, said when asked if the president had addressed the wiretapping claim during the meeting ahead of Thursday's health care bill vote.\n\"Not at all. This was a health care meeting,\" Rep. Peter King, a Republican member of the House Intelligence Committee from New York, told VOA after listening to Trump's health care pitch to nervous Republicans.\nComey's sharp denial of the president's claims come at a politically sensitive time on Capitol Hill. Trump and Speaker Ryan are trying to wrangle conservative Republicans into voting for a health care bill whose success or failure could shape the future of the administration's legislative agenda.\n\"I don't think we learned anything new yesterday with Comey's testimony,\" said Ryan during his weekly press availability, as he downplayed the import of Comey's testimony.\n\"We're going to get to the bottom of things Russia,\" he said, \"but it's very clear that we have seen and been presented with no evidence that Donald Trump or his staff were involved with this with the Russians.\"\nRyan's approach mirrored the strategy employed by Republicans in Monday's hearing as they shifted focus from possible Trump campaign ties to Russia to concerns about leaks of classified information.\nSen. Lindsey Graham, R-S.C., chairman of the Senate Judiciary subcommittee on Crime and Terrorism, joined by Sen. Sheldon Whitehouse, D-R.I., the ranking Democrat, displays a letter to FBI Director James Comey saying Congress needs to get to the bottom of charges by President Trump that his offices were tapped by former President Barack Obama during the 2016 campaign, March, 15, 2017, on Capitol Hill.\n\"Is there an exception in the law for reporters who want to break a story?\" Rep. Trey Gowdy, a Republican from South Carolina, asked Comey as he attempted to get to the bottom of leaks revealing that Trump's former National Security Advisor General Flynn had spoken with the Russian ambassador.\n\"There have been a lot of statutes involved in this investigations for which no one has ever been prosecuted or convicted, and that does not keep people from discussing those statutes \u2014 I'm thinking namely of the Logan Act,\" Gowdy said.\nThe Logan Act is a federal law prohibiting unauthorized U.S. citizens from negotiating with a foreign government.\nBefore Monday's first public House Intelligence Committee hearing, Nunes, a Republican from California, said he remains \"concerned that there was additional incidental collection that we are not aware of. If additional names were unmasked, we're going to have to understand, were proper procedures followed and did official names get leaked to the media?\"\nBut Nunes' colleague on the committee, ranking member Rep. Adam Schiff, said Tuesday that while leaks of classified information should be taken seriously, \"you don't want to lose sight of the broader issue that's involved here, which is our democracy was hijacked by a foreign adversary.\"\n\"I think it's an effort at sleight of hand by the administration to say the only real issue here is leaks and everything else you don't need to pay attention to,\" he added.\nWhite House reaction\nTrump declined to address the issue during his trip Tuesday to Capitol Hill.\nThe usually outspoken president also did not issue any tweets, his favored means of replying to unfavorable news. \nWhite House press secretary Sean Spicer takes a question from a member of the media during the daily press briefing at the White House in Washington, March 21, 2017.\nWhite House spokesman Sean Spicer said Trump would not withdraw the wiretapping allegation.\n\"We've started a hearing, It's still ongoing,\" Spicer told White House reporters. \"There's a lot of areas that still need to be covered. There's a lot of information that still needs to be discussed.\"\nTrump earlier derided suggestions that his campaign had colluded with Russian interests to win the election, calling it an excuse \"made up\" by Democrats unhappy at losing.\nBut for Rep. Schiff, the \"big grey cloud\" is a reality for Democrats and Republicans even if they won't directly say so.\n\"Things once unthinkable now seem quite routine.\" Schiff said Tuesday. \"An air of semi-permanent crisis has settled over the nation's capital where there's a palpable disquiet. I think that disquiet crosses party lines.\"\n",
        "caption": "National Security Agency Director Michael Rogers, front, and FBI Director James Comey, testify on Capitol Hill, March 20, 2017, before the House Intelligence Committee hearing on allegations of Russian interference in the 2016 U.S. presidential election.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/84894BDA-CC20-42BC-A350-B579F88877E9.jpg",
        "id": "14629_2",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "Trump"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Comey",
            "James Comey"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_21_3775965",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_21_3775965_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is hard for the people in the image to give?",
        "context": "CAR Becomes Most Dangerous Spot for Aid Workers\nBAMBARI AND BANGUI, CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC \u2014\u00a0\nLast year, humanitarian aid workers in the Central African Republic were involved in more than 365 security incidents \u2014 more than Syria, Afghanistan, Iraq and Somalia. \nThe security challenges in the C.A.R. make it difficult for aid workers to stay safe and to deliver much needed aid. About 2.2 million people here \u2014 nearly half of the population \u2014 are in need of humanitarian assistance. \nIn Bambari, a flashpoint in the country, fighting involving rival armed groups has displaced about 10,000 people in the past month alone. The volatile security situation has also disrupted the ability of aid workers to provide medical care. \nIn late December, the Doctors Without Borders compound in Bambari was robbed twice. Mathieu Bataben, the town\u2019s mayor, said \"unidentified individuals\" committed the robberies \u2014 not the armed rebel groups that control the town.\nFILE -A doctor with the charity Medecins sans Frontieres (MSF) examines one of Marceline Wanou\u2019s two sons as they recover from malnutrition in a hospital in Bambari, Central African Republic, Nov. 10, 2015.\n\u201cWe deplore all that,\u201d he told VOA in his office. \u201cI think the cause of all that break in all that is the misery. The poverty. That could perhaps explain it. But it\u2019s also the mentality, the education. If you\u2019re not well educated, one can do this kind of behavior.\u201d\nThe country's flag was on the Bambari mayor's desk; but, the central government has no control over the town and provides limited social services. Militias with AK-47's stand guard on the side of the road as an initial force to fend off attacks from rival armed groups. The courthouse in town is deserted. The World Food Program provides food to about 115,000 people \u2013 about half the population of the whole prefecture.\nThe attacks on humanitarians in places like Bambari limit the ability to provide aid. In Bambari, Doctors Without Borders reduced the size of its team and its activities. The effects are not just short-term. \n\u201cSmall children are not being immunized, so they are more vulnerable to those kinds of transmittable diseases or other activities in terms of prevention like diarrheal diseases,\u201d Emmanuel Lampaert, Doctors Without Borders representative in C.A.R., said in Bangui.\nThe rate of mortality for children has increased over the past few years as a result of children not being immunized during the crisis.\nAcross the country, the International NGO Safety Organization recorded 27 injuries in attacks against aid workers in the C.A.R. last year \u2014 ahead of Afghanistan, Iraq and Somalia. Five humanitarians died as well. \nIbrahim Abaka, the president of an internally displaced persons camp, uses a megaphone to organize the distribution of food aid in Bambari, Jan. 2017.\nAccording to Barbara Batista of the U.N.\u2019s Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs in the C.A.R., aid organizations rely on the government and MINUSCA \u2014 the U.N.\u2019s forces in the C.A.R. \u2013 to protect them and the civilian population.\n\u201cIt\u2019s challenging because none of the two has the means to implement full coverage,\u201d she told VOA in Bangui. \u201cThe forces of MINUSCA are limited. They can\u2019t cover the whole country.\u201d\nFILE - U.N. peacekeepers take a break as they patrol along a street during the presidential election in Bangui, the capital of Central African Republic, Dec. 30, 2015.\nWhile the U.N. has about 12,000 soldiers throughout the country with heavy machine guns and armored vehicles, the government\u2019s army and police are under an arms embargo, have little training and maintain little presence outside the capital.\n\u201cThere have been some better conditions in Bangui, or what sometimes is called the Republic of Bangui,\u201d Lampaert said. \u201cBut it\u2019s clear that in the rest of the Central African territory we might say the situation has been in a full stagnation or even has deteriorated.\u201d \nThe militias controlling most of the country get weapons from neighboring countries like Sudan and Chad. Lampaert said the worsening security situation is a result of fighting over natural resources, making access for humanitarians increasingly difficult.\nA UN peacekeeper provides security for humanitarian aid workers during food distribution at an internally displaced persons camp in Bambari, Jan. 2017.\nFor its part, OCHA officials coordinate with the U.N. forces to try to get appropriate protection.\n\u201cConsidering that the means and capacity are limited, at least we can prioritize and say, \u2018Listen, this we believe is a hot spot and should be taken care of in the coming months and weeks,\u2019\u201d OCHA\u2019s Batista said, \"and I have to say that so far they are reactive, they are considering what the humanitarians are saying.\" \nBatista added that the U.N. also pursues dialogue, mediation and negotiation with armed groups. \n\u201cEven though sometimes it's a little difficult and, well, [an] ethical compromise, everything is considered in a case by case scenario,\u201d she said.\n International NGO Safety Organization reports that there is no sign of improvement and the security situation is likely to continue to deteriorate.\n",
        "caption": "Humanitarian workers distribute food at an internally displaced persons camp in Bambari, Central African Republic, Jan. 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/C6A14D8A-7DEA-4D1A-98BF-26DE65FFDE9C.jpg",
        "id": "18354_1",
        "answer": [
            "much needed aid",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "workers",
            "Humanitarian workers"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_23_3687731",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_23_3687731_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person on the left of the image concede?",
        "context": "Mexican Leaders Tell US Cabinet Members About 'Worry, Irritation'\nMEXICO CITY \u2014\u00a0\nAmid worries about a wall and deportations, Mexican officials expressed their concerns to two visiting U.S. Cabinet secretaries on Thursday.\n\u201cWe do not agree on the different measures that recently were stated by the government of the United States that affect Mexico,\u201d Interior Secretary Miguel Angel Osorio Chong said.\n\u201cThere exists among Mexicans worry and irritation about what are perceived to be policies that could be harmful for the national interest and for Mexicans here and abroad,\u201d Luis Videgaray Caso, the secretary of foreign affairs, said.\nThe comments were made amid their meetings with U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson and Department of Homeland Security Secretary John Kelly.\nTillerson and Kelly appeared with their two Mexican counterparts before the media at the Secretariat of Foreign Affairs, but took no questions from reporters.\nUS comments\nTillerson, in his statement, said the U.S. and Mexico are \u201ctwo strong foreign countries that, from time to time, will have differences,\u201d but that his talks were \u201cproductive and forward-looking.\u201d\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTillerson on Issues Discussed on Mexico Trip\nShare this video\n0:00:52\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:52\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 2.6MB\n360p | 3.2MB\n480p | 17.0MB\nKelly emphasized there will be \u201cno mass deportations\u201d and \u201cno use of military force\u201d to round up undocumented migrants under President Donald Trump\u2019s enhanced crackdown on those illegally in the United States.\nKelly\u2019s statement contradicted a remark earlier in the day at the White House by Trump who termed his plan \u201ca military operation.\u201d\nWATCH: Spicer on Trump's Use of Term 'Military Operation' and Deportations\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nSean Spicer on Trump's Use of Term 'Military Operation' and Deportations\nShare this video\n0:00:34\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:34\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 1.2MB\n360p | 1.4MB\n480p | 6.9MB\nAfter Kelly\u2019s emphatic statement, White House spokesman Sean Spicer subsequently attempted to clarify, telling reporters during his daily briefing \u201cthe president used that phrase in that it meant precision, he meant it to be used as an adjective.\u201d\nAfter Tillerson and Kelly arrived in the Mexican capital, Trump predicted it would be \u201ca tough trip\u201d for his two Cabinet members and added, \u201cwe are going to have a good relationship with Mexico and if we don\u2019t, we don\u2019t.\u201d\nWATCH: Trump Foresaw 'Tough Trip' for Cabinet Members\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTrump: \u2018Tough Trip\u2019 for Tillerson in Mexico\nShare this video\n0:00:49\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:49\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 2.1MB\n360p | 2.6MB\n480p | 13.9MB\nThe American emissaries also met with Mexican President Enrique Pena Nieto before heading back home.\nThe State Department released no details about what was discussed with Pena Nieto.\nA statement from the office of the Mexican president said that Pena Nieto reiterated that for his country \u201cthe protection of Mexicans in the United States and respect for their rights is one of their government\u2019s highest priorities.\u201d\nAt the conclusion of the meeting, the president, according to the official statement, said that the presence of both secretaries in Mexico, at this early stage of the Trump administration, demonstrates U.S. interest for \u201cbuilding a positive relationship that provides better security, development and prosperity\u201d for both countries.\nLow point in relations\nThe trip came at what is seen as a low point in relations between the two countries, which have enjoyed peace along their 3,100-kilometer common border since the Mexican-American War of the late 1840s.\nTrump has repeatedly insisted that Mexico, one way or another, must pay for a border wall, which lawmakers in Washington estimate would cost at least $12 billion. And just this week, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security outlined policies that could result in the deportation of millions of undocumented immigrants.\nTrump said Thursday, \u201cWe\u2019re getting gang members out. We\u2019re getting drug lords out. We\u2019re getting really bad dudes out of this country.\u201d\nThursday\u2019s talks came weeks after Trump and the Mexican president spoke by phone January 27, following the U.S. president\u2019s inauguration.\nThe call did not go well, according to officials in both countries who spoke on condition they not be named.\nFILE - Mexico's President Enrique Pena Nieto makes a pause during a press conference at the Los Pinos presidential residence in Mexico City, Jan. 23, 2017.\nMedia reports say Trump chided his Mexican counterpart for failing to control drug trafficking and suggesting the United States might even deploy troops to defeat narcotics cartels on Mexican territory.\nPena Nieto then canceled a planned trip to Washington. It has not been rescheduled.\n\u201cThis is a low point in U.S.-Mexico relations, and an abrupt break from the last 30-plus years of cooperation,\u201d Shannon O\u2019Neil, senior fellow for Latin America studies at the Council on Foreign Relations, told VOA.\nOfficials here say there were no substantive discussions on trade \u2014 another sensitive issue that will certainly be on the agenda for future talks.\nTrump wants to modify the 1994 North American Free Trade Agreement encompassing the United States, Mexico and Canada.\nVOA's Pete Heinlein contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "Secretary of Homeland Security John Kelly delivers a statement accompanied by U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson (left), Mexico's Foreign Secretary Luis Videgaray (right), and Secretary of Government Angel Osorio (second from right) at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Mexico City, Feb. 23, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/AA7A3CD4-5B14-43CA-A336-18329E0AEF05.jpg",
        "id": "22702_1",
        "answer": [
            "the U.S. and Mexico are \u201ctwo strong foreign countries that, from time to time, will have differences"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Tillerson"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_23_3737101",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_23_3737101_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What was the company, who hired the people that pulled over the person in the image, hired to protect?",
        "context": "In Cambodia, 5 Years After Chut Wutty\u2019s Killing, Questions Remain\nPHENOM PENH \u2014\u00a0\nThe late environmental activist Chut Wutty was prepared for his own death \u2014 \u201cany time.\u201d\nWutty lived with threats from interests threatened by his activism, according to Sam Chanthy, his wife. He was threatened with verbal warnings and live rounds. His children, he was told, would be kidnapped.\nOn April 26, 2012, Chanthy\u2019s brother-in-law called at 2 p.m. to say, \u201cBrother Wutty was shot dead in Koh Kong.\u201d He was 46.\nFILE - Chut Wutty, Director of the Natural Resource Protection Group, walks in Koh Kong province, Feb. 20, 2012.\nChut Wutty was shot once, fatally, while in the driver\u2019s seat of his red Jeep. He was deep in the forests of Koh Kong province, tracking reports of illegal logging and land grabs. With him were two reporters from The Cambodia Daily who survived.\n\u201cSome loggers even warned him that \u2026 they would not just kill him easily,\u201d Chanthy said. \u201cThey swore to nail him to a cross, and cut his body into pieces until he died.\u201d\nAccording to official accounts cited in the verdict issued six months after his death, Wutty\u2019s car was stopped by military police and security guards hired by Timbergreen Company, the concessionaire receiving a state-granted permit to sweep the forest at Veal Bei, making way for the construction of Russey Chrum mega hydropower dam.\nWutty later quarreled with In Ratana of the military police and Rann Borath, the company\u2019s guard, over requests from Ratana and Borath that Wutty and the reporters surrender memory cards containing photos from the Timbergreen-operated site.\nRatana fired a round from his AK-47 killing Wutty, according to the verdict. Ratana died by the same rifle that Rann Borath grabbed in an attempt \u201cto stop him from further shooting.\u201d\nBorath received a suspended sentence of 18 months and was released soon after the verdict.\n\u2018A very brave man\u2019\n\u201cHe was a serious man who didn't like to talk much, but he took very good care of his family,\u201d said Chanthy, his wife. The couple had one son and two daughters.\nFILE - Sam Chanthy, wife of Chut Wutty, director of the Phnom Penh-based environmental watchdog Natural Resource Protection Group, lights a stick of incense during Wutty's funeral at his house in Kandal province, April 28, 2012.\n\u201cHe teaches his kids with soft and peaceful approaches. He never took even a single hit on his kids \u2014 even if he was angry. He always talked in sweet words to his children.\u201d\nBorn in a rural village in Kandal Province as Cambodia was collapsing into decades of devastation, Wutty went to Russia for military studies, then returned to serve in the Cambodia's Ministry of National Defense as military trainer.\nHe quit that job in the early 2000s to serve as the country deputy director for the global transparency watchdog, Global Witness, before the government closed its Cambodia office. Wutty then founded the National Resources Protection Group and campaigned against the illegal logging nationwide until the day he died.\n\u201cHe was a very brave man,\u201d Patrick Alley, co-founder of the Global Witness, told VOA.\nLegacies and inspiration\nWutty was the prime architect of grassroots community-centered campaigns that still patrol the endangered Prey Lang densely forested area, one of Southeast Asia's largest rainforests.\nHe helped found the Prey Lang Community Network (PLCN) in 2007, when many Cambodians didn't even know of the existence of Prey Lang, a forest in north-central Cambodia that spans four provinces and many traditional villages.\n\u201cFrom the period we worked with him, he was a committed and can-do person,\u201d said Seng Sok Heng, spokesman of the award-winning PLCN.\n\u201cWhat he loved the most was to work with people at the communities, sharing experiences, knowledge and senses of mobilization and advocacy with them,\u201d Sok Heng told VOA.\n\u201cHe was an important man to Prey Lang. Without him, we cannot imagine if this forested area could exist until today.\u201d\nDanger continues\nIn a 2014 speech, President Barack Obama took the stage to honor slain civil society workers around the world \u2014 including Wutty.\nThose threats persist. Even though the Cambodian government has given more powers to the Environment Ministry and formed a national ad hoc task force led by the country's top military commander, large-scale illegal logging continues. \nTwo Environment Ministry-employed rangers were shot dead while they were tracking illegal logging in the northern Preah Vihear province.\nIn March 2016, Phorn Sopheak, a 22-year-old PLCN member, was attacked with machete in an \u201cunsuccessful murder attempt\u201d as she patrolled forests.\n\u201cWe continue to be threatened by timber traders and the colluded officials, so we are still facing dangers even though there has been a move from the national-level for state-community cooperation to protect the environment,\u201d Sok Heng of the PLCN told VOA. \u201cWe still find it difficult to work.\u201d\nIn Koh Kong province where Wutty died, environmental activists have been targeted by legal cases filed because of their opposition to state-permitted mineral schemes.\nFILE - A man smokes before a commemoration ceremony in Koh Kong province May 11, 2012.\n\u201cThey [environment activists] can still be facing legal suits against them for their actions,\u201d said In Kongchit, Koh Kong provincial human rights coordinator for the local rights group Licadho.\nBut Wutty\u2019s activism and heroism continue to inspire, according to Kongchit, and youth-driven movements are spreading awareness of the need to participate to protect the environment.\n\u2018Elusive justice\u2019\nWutty\u2019s family and members of Cambodia\u2019s civil society movement remain unconvinced by the Koh Kong provincial court claims that it based its verdict on a \u201creliable\u201d investigation.\nIn Kongchit, who participated in the autopsies of Wutty's and In Rattana's bodies at the Koh Kong Hospital the day they died, called the court's conclusion \u201celusive justice\u201d for Wutty.\n\u201cI\u2019ve never thought the evidence and the court\u2019s findings were real. They\u2019re made-up and artificial,\u201d said Chut Wutty\u2019s eldest son Cheuy Oudom Reaksmey, 25, who recently took over the former position of his father as director of the Natural Resource Protection Group (NRPG).\n\u201cWhat I want to find the most is who ordered the killing of my father. He had been followed for so long, so I think there was someone ordered to kill him,\u201d Reaksmey said.\n\u201cWe want to see the mastermind and the real killer to get prosecuted. I\u2019m still hopeful,\u201d he added, \u201cbecause there is no secret in this world.\u201d\nVOA Khmer Service reported this story.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Chut Wutty, Director of the Natural Resource Protection Group, walks in Koh Kong province, Feb. 20, 2012.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D8C68197-079D-49F4-8967-06D619CE0A77.jpg",
        "id": "647_2",
        "answer": [
            "forest at Veal Bei",
            "construction of Russey Chrum mega hydropower dam",
            "the forest at Veal Bei"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Chut Wutty",
            "Timbergreen Company",
            "Wutty"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_19_3816512",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_19_3816512_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person with black hair in the image confirm?",
        "context": "Chief Suspect in Istanbul New Year\u2019s Attack Captured \nISTANBUL \u2014\u00a0\nTurkish security forces are claiming a breakthrough in their battle against Islamic State, with the capture of the chief suspect in the New Year\u2019s shooting rampage on an Istanbul nightclub that killed 39 people.\nIn a late night raid Monday, anti-terror seized Abdulkadir Masharipov, a 34-year-old Uzbek, in what is described as a luxurious apartment in the Esenyurt suburb of Istanbul. An Iraqi and three women from Egypt, Senegal and Somalia also were detained.\nA member of the media uses his mobile phone to take pictures of belongings including banknotes of different currencies on a bed inside the flat where a suspect of New Year's Day nightclub attack was arrested, in Istanbul, Janv. 17, 2016.\n\u201cThe vile terrorist who attacked the place of entertainment on New Year\u2019s Eve and led to the loss of so many lives has been captured,\u201d Prime Minister Binali Yildirim told reporters in Ankara.\nThe Istanbul governor, Vasip Sahin, speaking to reporters Tuesday, said Masharipov had confessed to the attack and that the suspect's fingerprints matched those found at the Istanbul club. He noted that all those detained Monday are suspected of belonging to an Islamic State cell.\nIstanbul Gov. Vasip Sahin, left, accompanied by Police Chief Mustafa Caliskan, talks to the media during a news conference regarding the arrest of a suspect of New Year's nightclub attack in Istanbul, Jan. 17, 2017.\n\"It is clear that [Masharipov] staged the attack on behalf of Daesh,\" said Sahin, using the Arabic acronym for Islamic State. \"He was trained in Afghanistan and can speak four languages. He's a well-trained terrorist.\"\nThe governor said Masharipov's arrest was part of a well-coordinated operation.\n\"Five addresses were tracked and operations were carried out against them,\" said Sahin.\nThe arrest of the suspected gunman follows one of the largest manhunts in Turkey\u2019s history. The Istanbul governor said more than 2,000 police officers were involved in what he called a difficult and complex investigation.\n\"It was like digging a well with a needle,\" said the governor.\nThe capture of the suspect alive also is seen as an important breakthrough. Experts say that Islamic State suspects usually kill themselves prior to capture.\nInvestigators are expected to focus on what assistance Masharipov may have received.\n\"Our war with terror and the powers behind it will continue to the end,\" tweeted Deputy Prime Minister Numan Kurtulmus on news of the arrest. Kurtulmus repeatedly has accused foreign intelligence services of being involved in the New Year\u2019s attack without naming any specific country.\nTurkish media, citing intelligence sources, say the manhunt for Masharipov has revealed as many as 20 Islamic State networks within Turkey. The Istanbul governor said more than 160 foreign jihadists had been detained, along with 50 Turkish citizens during the two-week investigation.\nFILE - Turkish police stand guard on a road leading to the Reina nightclub by the Bosphorus, which was attacked by a gunman, in Istanbul, Jan. 1, 2017.\nTurkish security forces and Interior Minister Suleyman Soylu had faced growing criticism over the failure to find the attacker, given that a clear image of the suspect existed. That criticism was stoked by the threat of further attacks by Islamic State.\n\"Turkey will remain a target for the Islamic State militants for the foreseeable future, given that Turkey is engaged in a bitter campaign against the Islamic State in Syria,\" warned analyst Sinan Ulgen, a visiting scholar of the Carnegie Institute in Europe.\nA video purported to be put out by Islamic State currently is circulating on social media in Turkey. In it, the group specifically targets Istanbul. Analysts warn Turkey is paying a price for its past policy of offering broad support to any group fighting the Syrian regime.\n\"In recent years they [Islamic State] have exploited this permissive environment to the utmost in their abilities,\" said Haldun Solmazturk of the 21st Century Turkey Institute. \"In a sense they were given a free hand to further radicalize Turkish society. It is a beast of our own creation.\"\nPresident Recep Tayyip Erdogan dismisses such criticism, insisting his country\u2019s record is second to none in fighting Islamic State.\nTurkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdogan addresses a meeting in Ankara, Turkey, Jan. 17, 2017.\n\"In this country, no one will get away with what they have done,\" said Erdogan, thanking security forces and government officials for their efforts to seize Masharipov. \nThe capture likely will give the government respite in the face of mounting opposition criticism over the failure to stem 18 months of terror attacks which have claimed more than 400 lives.\nSome experts caution, though, that the war against terror is likely to be long and bitter, and that all tools need to be employed.\n\"Turkey will need to strengthen both the abilities of its intelligence and security forces, to prevent these attacks,\" said analyst Ulgen, \"but this will need to go hand in hand with something that has been missing so far, from the Turkish government, a strategy to tackle the issue of radicalization at home.\"\n",
        "caption": "Istanbul Gov. Vasip Sahin, left, accompanied by Police Chief Mustafa Caliskan, talks to the media during a news conference regarding the arrest of a suspect of New Year's nightclub attack in Istanbul, Jan. 17, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/C7856A41-90E1-4997-9394-8C7007FB18B0.jpg",
        "id": "28799_3",
        "answer": [
            "the suspect's fingerprints matched those found at the Istanbul club"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Vasip Sahin"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_16_3678663",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_16_3678663_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What acronym represents where the people in the image are?",
        "context": "Marathon Election Starts in Papua New Guinea\nSYDNEY \u2014\u00a0\nVoting has begun in Papua New Guinea's marathon national elections as the Prime Minister faces an arrest warrant for corruption. Peter O\u2019Neill\u2019s People\u2019s National Congress won the last poll in 2012, but critics are accusing him of \u201cburying\u201d the economy in debt. \nPapua New Guinea, or PNG, is a South Pacific nation of almost 7 million and lies to the north of Australia. About 5 million voters will elect members of Papua New Guinea\u2019s 111-seat parliament. Occupying the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and numerous islands, PNG is a land of rugged terrain and voting will last for two weeks. Many voters have to walk for hours to cast their ballot. A final result is not expected until late July.\nOpponents of Prime Minister O\u2019Neill say he has caused economic collapse in a country with rich natural resources that has been hit by falling global commodity prices. PNG has high levels of unemployment, crime and poverty.\nO\u2019Neill, who has steadfastly denied allegations of corruption, has resisted months of protests and civil disobedience urging him to resign. He survived a parliamentary no-confidence vote last year. \nHe has told Australian television that he has nothing to hide.\n\u201cI am not above the law. I am quite happy to go to courts like anyone else, and I have proven time and time again that those allegations are not true and have been politically motivated in many cases. The ballot will speak for itself. So all the thing that we have listed down, we have achieved well over 90 per cent of it. For any government that is a high achievement. This has never been done before,\u201d said O\u2019Neill.\nMineral deposits, including copper, gold, and oil, make up almost two-thirds of PNG\u2019s export earnings. There are also huge reserves of natural gas, but the exploitation of these resources has been hindered by rugged terrain and land rights issues. Villagers often complain that they have yet to receive royalty payments from large resource projects. \nA record number of women are standing in the election. No party has ever won a majority, so another coalition government appears likely.\nPapua New Guinea, a former Australian colony, is a member of the Commonwealth grouping of former British colonies. \nAustralia is PNG\u2019s largest aid donor, and has been working alongside electoral authorities to ensure the election goes smoothly, while more than 10,000 police and other personnel have been deployed to maintain security.\n",
        "caption": "A supplied image of Australian Defence Force and Papua New Guinea Police Force personnel unloading ballot papers for the upcoming National Election, which runs from June 24 until July 8, from a C-27J Spartan aircraft in Papua New Guinea, June 15, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/E5337869-EC57-4965-94F8-23A99D7C4B0B.jpg",
        "id": "5013_1",
        "answer": [
            "PNG"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Australian Defence Force and Papua New Guinea Police Force ",
            "Papua New Guinea"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_26_3915885",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_26_3915885_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person on the right of the image running on?",
        "context": "Thousands Take Part in World May Day Protests \nLONDON \u2014\u00a0\nProtesters in the United States and around the world have marked International Workers Day, May Day, with rallies and demonstrations that turned violent in displays of anger against authoritarianism and right-wing politics from France to Turkey.\nWATCH: Luis Ramirez video report on protests\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nThousands Take Part in World May Day Protests\nShare this video\n0:01:37\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:37\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 4.8MB\n360p | 8.1MB\n720p | 48.3MB\nMay Day is traditionally a day of protest, and this one was no exception. Police fired tear gas on demonstrators rallying in Istanbul\u2019s Taksim Square, the scene of past bloody May Day crackdowns. \nTensions in Turkey have been high after President Recep Tayyip Erdogan narrowly won a referendum last month giving him sweeping new powers.\nPolice arrested more than 200 people Monday.\nGlobal May Day Protests\nViolence in Venezuela\nMay Day protests also turned violent in Venezuela, where there were dueling anti- and pro-government demonstrations. Security forces in the capital, Caracas, fired tear gas at youths throwing stones who were protesting the socialist government of President Nicolas Maduro.\nA month of protests against the government have left 29 people dead. Opposition leaders in Venezuela are calling on Maduro to step down, blaming him for the country's failing economy. The president accuses his opponents of trying to overthrow him.\nMoscow parade\nThings were more jovial in Russia, on what turned out to be beautiful spring day with more than 100,000 marching in Moscow.\nRussians dance as they parade on Red Square to mark May Day in Moscow, May 1, 2017, with the Spassky Kremlin tower in the background.\n \u201cThis shows people's unity when so many people gather. This is the day of labor, peace and the weather is so beautiful. And we can see the people's feelings by the smiles on their faces,\u201d said Yuri, a march participant in Moscow.\nThe spirit was in sharp contrast to Saturday, when thousands of Russians lined up to present their grievances in letters at government offices. Organizers of the mass protest said police arrested demonstrators in cities across Russia, including 120 people in St. Petersburg. \nFrench election campaigning\nFrance, which is still under a state of emergency and with elections less than a week away, was on high alert. The government deployed 9,000 police in various parts of the country to keep supporters of the two main candidates, centrist Emmanuel Macron and nationalist Marine Le Pen, apart.\nFrench conservative candidate from the first-round election Nicolas Dupont-Aignan, left, and french far-right presidential candidate Marine Le Pen sing the \"Marseillaise\", the French national anthem at the end of their meeting, May 1, 2017, in Villepinte.\nLe Pen, who wants to curb immigration by Muslims, get France out of the EU, and bring back jobs for French factory workers, led a rally outside Paris, where she called Macron \u201cthe candidate of the caviar Left.\u201d \nMacron also campaigned Monday, but his supporters were generally not visible among the May Day demonstrators. \nThousands, including labor union activists, marched in central Paris, many of them protesting Le Pen.\nYouth, right, face French riot police officers during the May Day demonstration, May 1, 2017, in Paris. Paris police are firing tear gas at rowdy protesters on sidelines of May Day workers' march.\n\u201cWe have to block Marine Le Pen, we all agree about that, and we have to do it while stopping further increases in the vote and percentage of Marine Le Pen which would cost us in the future,\u201d said Jean-Claude Mailly, leader of Force Ouvri\u00e8re, one of France\u2019s main labor union conglomerations.\nDemonstrators in Paris threw firebombs and clashed with police.\nWith elections so near and the issues so divisive, the battle lines could not be clearer on this day of protest.\nProtesters take to the streets on May Day in New York to protest U.S. President Donald Trump's immigration policies. (R. Taylor/VOA\nAcross the U.S.\nIn the United States, May Day's rallying point has shifted from workers to immigrants. Thousands of people are marking the day from New York to Los Angeles with protests against President Donald Trump's focus on boosting deportations. Organizations have called for immigrant strikes in some cities to show Americans what a day without immigrants would look like. \nIn Washington, about 150 businesses closed, most of them restaurants and legal offices. Other businesses in the city offered a paid day for employees who wanted to demonstrate.\n",
        "caption": "French conservative candidate from the first-round election Nicolas Dupont-Aignan, left, and french far-right presidential candidate Marine Le Pen sing the \"Marseillaise\", the French national anthem at the end of their meeting, May 1, 2017, in Villepinte.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B63CA7D0-C17A-464E-B2DA-CDE5BD24D797.jpg",
        "id": "33570_3_1",
        "answer": [
            "jobs for French factory workers"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Le Pen"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_01_3832583",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_01_3832583_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What was the person on the sign in the image?",
        "context": "Corruption Likely to Mar Somali Presidential Vote\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nElection observers in Somalia say corruption is running rampant ahead of Wednesday's presidential election, with candidates giving gifts and large sums of cash to lawmakers to secure their votes.\nTwenty-three candidates are challenging incumbent Hassan Sheikh Mohamud, who is seeking a second four-year term as leader of the Horn of Africa nation. The president will be elected by members of the parliament, who were elected last year.\nWarning from official\nSpeaking to reporters Monday, the chairman of an independent anti-corruption committee threatened to expose those who are offering and accepting bribes.\n\u201cWe know what is going on in the city and we want to make sure that things happen in a transparent and legal way,\u201d said Abdi Ismail Samatar.\n\u201cThere is no way we can immediately prevent if a lawmaker makes deals under the table, but we make sure that the voting process is free and fair, and later if we find out any corruption and bribery involvement, we will make it public,\u201d he said.\nThe committee, which has no policing authority, was established by parliament to oversee the election and report any malpractices and irregularities.\nElection moved to airport\nThe election has been delayed several times, and organizers decided last week to change the venue after 18 candidates expressed concerns about security at the original location, the Mogadishu police academy. The candidates spoke out after the commander of the police reportedly endorsed President Mohamud for re-election.\nNow, members of the upper and lower houses of parliament will gather inside the heavily-fortified Aden Abdulle International Airport. \nBut few expect the change in venue to cause a change in tactics.\nHeikal Kenneded, a Somali scholar and writer who lives in Virginia, said he saw political dishonesty during a trip to Mogadishu last week, though he would not specify who was involved in the dishonesty.\n\u201cI definitely saw with my own eyes the vicious political corruption and wheeling and dealing of corrupted officials among the current candidates,\u201d he told VOA's Somali service Monday.\nGovernment jobs have a price\nPolitical insiders, speaking on condition of anonymity, said candidates have begun reimbursing would-be supporters for their expenses, including airfare, hotel bills and meals. In addition, officials say bribes of between $1,000 and $10,000 have been paid.\nAccording to a member of parliament, one candidate has spent $1.3 million in an effort to get elected.\nCandidates are also offering positions in the government. \u201cThe major candidates have already began striking political deals with lawmakers to corrupt them, vote for them,\u201d one lawmaker told VOA.\n\u201cThe influential and prominent lawmakers have already secured offers of a future role in the coming administration in exchange for votes if their card wins,\u201d another lawmaker said.\nFadumo Dayib was planning to become the first woman in Somalia's male-dominated political culture to make a run for president. But after an active social media campaign, she did not register for the contest, citing a high level of corruption.\n\u201cI am not running because of the shocking level of corruption, and I don't want to be part of something that is illegitimate,\u201d Dayib said in a brief message posted on her social media platforms.\nSecurity tightened\nSomalia has a longstanding reputation for corruption and weak government. No government has been able to assert much authority outside Mogadishu since the regime of dictator Mohamed Siad Barre fell in 1991. \nThe situation has worsened periodic food shortages caused by drought, enabled militant group al-Shabab to seize chunks of territory and for several years, allowed pirates to freely hijack ships off the Somali coast for ransom.\nAl-Shabab carries out periodic suicide bombings in Mogadishu, mainly aimed at the hotels where lawmakers, diplomats and businessmen tend to meet. So security has been stepped up in most parts of the city, and VOA reporters say government forces are patrolling the streets to prevent possible attacks.\nPeople walk along a street with the campaign billboard of Somalia's Presidential candidate Sharif Sheikh Ahmed in Somalia's capital Mogadishu, Feb. 6, 2017.\nStreets to be shut down during election\nThe current mayor of Mogadishu, Hussein Yusuf Jimale, said most of the city's public and vehicular movements will shut down during the election.\n\u201cFor two days, all the streets of the city will be shut down, starting from 6 p.m. Monday, all public transportation in the city will be suspended, schools will be shut down, and we ask people to remain in their houses,\u201d Yusuf told reporters on Sunday.\nResidents said security forces were deployed overnight in all streets leading to the airport from the rest of the city.\nTwo days of debates\nAhead of the vote, parliament is holding presidential debates on Monday and Tuesday, in which candidates are touting their plans to improve security, fight terrorism and implement good governance.\nAmong the president's main challengers are his prime minister, Omar Abdurashid Ali Sharmarke; former president Sheikh Sharif Sheikh Ahmed; and former prime minister, Mohamed Abdullahi, a dual U.S.-Somali national better known as Farmajo. Other candidates include former ministers, former Mogadishu mayor, businessmen, and civil society activists.\nIn a speech to lawmakers Thursday, Mohamud vowed to rebuild the army to take over the security of the country within two years, and to prepare for elections by popular vote in 2020.\n",
        "caption": "People walk along a street with the campaign billboard of Somalia's Presidential candidate Sharif Sheikh Ahmed in Somalia's capital Mogadishu, Feb. 6, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/A975C798-6FA8-45C9-8B0A-22762E48AABD.jpg",
        "id": "24978_2",
        "answer": [
            "former president"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Sheikh Sharif Sheikh Ahmed"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_06_3708388",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_06_3708388_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person with the red coat in the image planning to do?",
        "context": "US Calls for Firm Action Against North Korea by UN\nUNITED NATIONS / PENTAGON \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. President Donald Trump Thursday called on all nations to confront the threat posed by North Korea and to publicly demonstrate to that country \u201cthere are consequences for their very, very bad behavior.\u201d\nSpeaking during a visit to Poland, Trump said he is not one to draw red lines or talk about his plans but that he has \u201csome pretty severe things\u201d he is thinking about. He did not elaborate.\nOn Wednesday, U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Nikki Haley told Security Council members that the United States is prepare to use military means to defend against the threat posed by North Korea\u2019s launch of an intercontinental ballistic missile. But she said it would be best to try to resolve the crisis through diplomatic and economic measures.\nHaley said the United States is prepared to defend itself and its allies. \n\u201cOne of our capabilities lies with our considerable military forces,\u201d she said. The United States has 28,500 troops stationed in South Korea and about 50,000 in Japan.\nHaley told Security Council members at an emergency meeting Wednesday: \"We will use them if we must, but we prefer not to have to go in that direction.\"\nNorth Korea's launch of an ICBM for the first time triggered widespread condemnation and an immediate diplomatic crisis. Parts of North America are believed to be in range of the new multistage rocket Pyongyang test-fired Tuesday.\nWATCH: 'We Must Do More,' Haley Tells U.N.\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\n'We Must Do More,' Haley Tells U.N.\nShare this video\n0:00:44\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:44\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 2.2MB\n360p | 2.6MB\n480p | 14.3MB\nOverall threat still limited\nU.S. military officials said there were multiple reasons to be concerned about the North Korean action, but that the overall threat to the U.S. and its allies \u2014 Japan and South Korea, in particular \u2014 is still limited.\nHaley said the United States will propose new sanctions against North Korea shortly. A new draft resolution will be circulated among Security Council members \"in the coming days,\" she noted, adding the measure \"raises the international response in a way that's proportionate to North Korea's escalation.\"\nAmong new sanctions under consideration, U.S. officials indicated, are restrictions on the flow of oil and other energy supplies to Pyongyang's military and weapons programs, tightened controls over air and maritime traffic to North Korea, and further moves to hold senior officials of the Kim Jong Un regime accountable for the country's defiance of international demands to shut down its nuclear-weapons development program.\nNorth Korean leader Kim Jong Un reacts with scientists and technicians of the DPRK Academy of Defence Science after the test-launch of the intercontinental ballistic missile Hwasong-14 in this undated photo released by North Korea's Korean Central News Agency, July 5, 2017.\nThe U.S. and China remain far apart on what to do about North Korea, and Beijing's response to the next U.S. move on North Korea will be key to the success of the American effort.\nIn a clear reference to China, the U.S. ambassador said: \"There are countries allowing, even encouraging, trade with North Korea in violation of U.N. Security Council resolutions. Such countries would also like to continue their trade arrangements with the United States.\n\"That's not going to happen,\" Haley said, warning that President Donald Trump's administration is willing to use its \"great capabilities in the area of trade\" when countries do not take international security threats seriously.\nChina-North Korea trade\nChina is North Korea's largest commercial partner, and the trade volume between the two countries rose 37.4 percent in the first part of this year, according to Chinese data released in April.\nChina did announce in February it was suspending all coal imports from North Korea through the end of 2017, to comply with the U.N. sanctions program. Coal is Pyongyang's single largest export, and the Chinese action could cost Pyongyang hundreds of millions of dollars.\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nNorth Korea Missile Test Triggers International Condemnation\nShare this video\n0:01:41\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:41\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 4.8MB\n360p | 6.7MB\n720p | 44.8MB\n1080p | 30.9MB\nChina's U.N. ambassador, Liu Jieyi, said the North Korean missile launch was \"unacceptable\" and a \"flagrant violation\" of U.N. resolutions, but he did not say whether Beijing would support new sanctions, and he dismissed the idea of a military solution to the crisis on the Korean peninsula.\nChina proposed a resolution calling on Pyongyang to suspend its military programs and for the United States and South Korea to likewise suspend their annual joint military exercises. The U.S. has so far rejected this idea.\nU.S. officials said Pyongyang's first-ever demonstration of an intercontinental weapon caught the world's attention, and they warned that the diplomatic window of opportunity for resolving tensions on the Korean peninsula is \"quickly closing.\"\nMissile launch 'has our attention'\nThe United States tracked the two-stage ICBM for 37 minutes after it took off from a mobile launcher Tuesday near Panghyon Airport. Experts said the rocket was fired in a very steep orbit, rising far above Earth's atmosphere before splashing down in the Sea of Japan.\nNorth Korea said Tuesday it successfully test-launched an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM), which flew 933 km reaching an altitude of 2,802 km.\nThe missile carried a re-entry vehicle, they said, which apparently was intended to demonstrate it could withstand the intense heat of a high-speed descent through the atmosphere. The re-entry capsule could be used to carry a nuclear warhead, but it is uncertain whether North Korea has yet developed the technology to miniaturize and \"ruggedize\" a nuclear device for such a ballistic flight.\nThe missile, which fell into the sea due west of the Tsugaru Strait, \"is not one we've seen before,\" Pentagon spokesman Capt. Jeff Davis told reporters Wednesday. He said the new rocket apparently would be capable of traveling more than 5,500 kilometers \u2014 a range that could reach Alaska and parts of Canada, but not Hawaii or the contiguous 48 U.S. \"mainland\" states.\nNevertheless, Davis said, the new weapon \"has our attention.\"\n\"This was a test launch,\" the Pentagon spokesman added. \"It was not assessed to be posing a threat to the United States or our allies.\n\"We do have confidence in our ability to defend against the limited threat, the nascent threat that is there,\" Davis said.\nIn a test last month, a U.S.-based missile interceptor knocked down a simulated incoming North Korean ICBM. Other tests of the system, however, have met with mixed results.\nThe Defense Department assessment came as the North Korean leader boasted about the missile launch. Kim told a group of scientists and technicians the new rocket was \"a package of gifts\" timed to coincide with the U.S. Independence Day holiday.\nThe regime's Korean Central News Agency said Kim expected the U.S. would be \"displeased\" by Pyongyang's achievement, and urged his scientists to conduct further tests as \"big and small 'gift packages' to the Yankees.\" \nJoyce Huang and Saibal Dasgupta contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "United Kingdom U.N. Ambassador Matthew Rycroft, left, listens as United States U.N. Ambassador Nikki Haley, right, respond to Russia's statements, during United Nations Security Council meeting on North Korea's latest launch of an intercontinental ballist",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/0930A397-6E65-4B63-83B3-41E627F0AAD7.jpg",
        "id": "3361_1",
        "answer": [
            "to use military means to defend against the threat posed by North Korea\u2019s launch of an intercontinental ballistic missile",
            "prepare to use military means to defend against the threat posed by North Korea\u2019s launch of an intercontinental ballistic missile."
        ],
        "bridge": [
            " Nikki Haley",
            "Nikki Haley"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_05_3930003",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_05_3930003_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "How profitable is the activity which generates the currency in the image?",
        "context": "Study: Transnational Crime Worth Between $1.6 to $2.2 Trillion Per Year\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nTransnational crime, or crimes committed across international borders, is growing at a faster pace than many realize, partly because the international community is not paying a lot of attention to it. That's the conclusion from Global Financial Integrity or GFI, a non-profit Washington think tank that tracks illicit financial flows across borders.\nThe group's latest findings estimate that transnational crime is worth between $1.6 to $2.2 trillion per year. GFI says the lion's share of illicitly generated funds around the globe comes from counterfeiting, worth between $923 billion to $1.13 trillion per year, followed by drug trafficking which generates between $426 to $652 billion in illegal funds annually.\n\u201cTransnational crime is a business, and business is very good,\u201d said Channing May, author of GFI's \u201cTransnational Crime and the Developing World.\u201d Less understood, said May, are the lasting and negative consequences for governments and the economies of developing countries. \n\u201cVery rarely do the revenues from transnational crime have any long-term benefit to citizens, communities or economies of developing countries. Instead, the crimes undermine local and national economies, destroy the environment and jeopardize the health and well-being of the public,\u201d said May.\nA law-enforcement guide to human trafficking sits on a table at The Genesis Project, a center for victims of sex trafficking in SeaTac, Washington, Feb. 27, 2017.\nRounding out the top 10\nOf the top 10 illegal revenue generators around the globe, human trafficking is ranked in fourth place, generating roughly $150 billion per year, followed by illegal mining, worth upwards of $48 billion. In eighth place, crude oil theft is valued between $5 to $12 billion, and in 10th place, the trafficking of human organs may be worth as much as $1.7 billion per year.\nThe report says shutting down the global shadow financial system that facilitates the movement and transfer of illicitly generated funds is technically not a difficult undertaking, but rather a matter of political will.\nComplete report due March 29 \nGFI program manager Christine Clough said recommendations include greater financial transparency and regulations requiring all corporations to declare the nature and the ultimate beneficiaries of doing business within countries.\n\u201cNetworks involved in these illicit markets are akin to major global corporations: they need access to finance and banking to be profitable to continue operating,\u201d said Clough.\nThe complete GFI report will be released March 29 in Washington and is based on a compilation of statistics from various government and non-governmental bodies and law enforcement sources.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A police officer shows seized counterfeit dollars to the press in Cali, Colombia, Oct. 9, 2012. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/EDDF63B2-904C-400E-9493-88ED41C06776.jpg",
        "id": "29564_1",
        "answer": [
            "between $923 billion to $1.13 trillion per year"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "counterfeiting"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_27_3784078",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_27_3784078_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What were the people in the image unable to do?",
        "context": "Macedonia Suspends 16 Police Officers After Parliament Invasion\nThe Macedonian Interior Ministry has suspended 16 police officers for their failure to prevent a violent storming of the parliament building by nationalist protesters.\nThe angry invasion of the parliament on April 27, which included masked men, resulted in dozens of journalists and lawmakers being injured, including Social Democratic Union leader Zoran Zaev.\nMacedonian police escorts injured members of the parliament including Social Democratic leader Zoran Zaev near the parliament in Skopje. Macedonia, April 27, 2017.\nZaev is now attempting to form a government and become Macedonia's prime minister after he received the mandate from President Gjorge Ivanov, who had previously refused to do so.\nThe attack on parliament came after the appointment of an ethnic Albanian, Talat Xhaferi, as speaker.\nThe May 20 announcement named 11 police officers, four members of the special police unit, and a senior ministry official as being suspended because they \"passively observed a crowd who entered and moved freely within the parliament...and did not help other police officers,\" the ministry said in a statement.\nIt added that disciplinary proceedings had also begun against the suspended police.\nAbout 25 percent of Macedonia's 2 million citizens are ethnic Albanians.\nThe attack on parliament was seen as a blow for the country's aspirations to join both NATO and the EU.\nNationalists were upset by demands made by the ethnic Albanian parties that were negotiating to form a government with the Social Democrats, including making Albanian a second state language.\nSome material for this report came from AFP and AP.\n",
        "caption": "Police try to block protestors as they enter into the parliament building in Skopje, Macedonia, April 27, 2017. Scores of protesters have broken through a police cordon and entered Macedonian parliament to protest the election of a new speaker despite a m",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B360127A-B480-410F-A5DB-4B29E89B9EA6.jpg",
        "id": "16947_1",
        "answer": [
            "prevent a violent storming of the parliament buildin",
            "None",
            "prevent a violent storming of the parliament building by nationalist protesters"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Police",
            "police"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_20_3863496",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_20_3863496_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person with the red tie in the image do?",
        "context": "For Trump, 1980s Still Hold Relevance\nNEW YORK \u2014\u00a0\nBobby Knight. Don King. Sylvester Stallone.\nMany of President-elect Donald Trump's cultural touchstones, which he'd frequently name-drop at campaign rallies and on Twitter, were at their peak in the 1980s - the decade Trump's celebrity status rose in New York, Trump Tower was built, \u201cThe Art of the Deal\u201d was published and he first flirted with running for public office.\nThe \u201cGo Go 1980s\u201d of New York were spurred by Wall Street's rise. It was a brash decade in which excess was the norm and ostentatious displays of wealth and power were celebrated in pop culture and among Manhattan's elite. And while much of what defined the 1980s has since gone out of style, Trump has seemingly internalized its ethos, which is reflected in the decor of the Trump Tower lobby and the celebrities he stood alongside during the campaign.\nAn outer-borough New York developer trying to prove himself across the East River, Trump always sought approval of Manhattan's ruling class and was eager to make a name for himself, according to those who tangled with him during that formative decade.\n\u201cHe would relentlessly promote himself in the newspapers or on TV. He knew how to get press and squash his enemies,\u201d said Geoge Arzt, press secretary for former New York City Mayor Ed Koch, who served from 1978 to 1989. The me-first attitude that defined the 1980s \u201chas long been a part of who Trump is,\u201d Arzt added.\nIn the 1980s, as Trump came of age as a public figure, he opened up a refurbished Grand Hyatt on 42nd Street, took over the long-stalled renovation of Central Park's ice skating rink and purchased the New York-area team in the fledgling United States Football League.\nHe fashioned himself into a regular in the gossip pages, playing the city's tabloids off each other as he promoted his personal brand. He also took his first steps onto the national media stage, making his debut on \u201c60 Minutes\u201d in 1985. The long-running news magazine broadcast has continued to hold a special place in his heart. Several times at rallies, Trump invoked a \u201c60 Minutes\u201d segment he had just watched and he gave his first post-election interview to the show last month. That show was at its apex in the ratings in the 1980s.\nTime Magazine, which also wielded significant clout in the 1980s, also has remained an obsession for Trump.\nThe celebrity businessman, who complained in recent years that he wasn't named the magazine's Person of the Year, received the award in 2016. He called it a \u201cvery, very great honor.\u201d That marked his eighth time on the cover this year alone - something that Trump would brag about during campaign rallies. He has taken to giving out autographed copies of the cover to visitors, including rapper Kanye West.\nStar power\nBut while West is a current megastar, Trump mostly chose to trot out 1980s celebrities during his campaign, even if many of them had seen their star fade in the ensuing 30 years.\nKnight, the former Indiana University basketball coach who captured college basketball national titles in 1981 and 1987 but was later fired for attacking a student, became a favorite sidekick. He first appeared with Trump during the spring's Indiana primary and reappeared at rallies in the Midwest during the general election stretch run.\n\u201cOne of the reasons I won: Bobby Knight! That's the gold standard, right?\u201d Trump exclaimed in August.\nKing, the flamboyant boxing promoter who hyped Mike Tyson's 1980s fights, was also saluted by Trump as \u201ca phenomenal person\u201d despite a conviction for manslaughter. King appeared with Trump in September at a Cleveland church and stood with the president-elect last week while Trump was answering questions from the press at his Palm Beach resort.\nTrump has been drawn to other 1980s stars. Tyson endorsed the celebrity businessman. Actor Scott Baio, an outspoken Trump supporter, reached the zenith of his fame in the 1980s with the shows \u201cHappy Days\u201d and \u201cCharles in Charge.\u201d And on Saturday, actor Sylvester Stallone - who starred in three \u201cRambo\u201d movies and two \u201cRocky\u201d sequels in the 1980s - was a star guest at Trump's New Year's Eve bash at Mar-a-Lago, the lush Florida estate Trump bought in 1985 two years after he opened Trump Tower on Fifth Avenue in New York.\nMuch of Trump's political philosophy was formed in the 1980s too. In 1987 as he first floated running for president, he took out a full page ad wondering why the U.S. was \u201cpaying to defend countries that can afford to defend themselves.\u201d His frequent depictions of inner cities as dangerous and crime-ridden seem to harken to the crack-plagued life of urban areas in the 1980s, more than the largely safer big cities of today.\nIn \u201cThe Art of the Deal,\u201d he voiced positions on trade he still holds today. That book, which made him a household name when it was published in 1987, also holds many of the principles that guided Trump's business career - and, decades later, his bombastic campaign for the White House.\n\u201cI play into people's fantasies,\u201d he wrote. \u201cPeople may not always think big themselves, but they can still get very excited by those who do. That's why a little hyperbole never hurts. People want to believe that something is the biggest and the greatest and the most spectacular.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Donald Trump, right, pictured with his father, Fred Trump, left, and boxing promoter Don King participate in a news conference in Atlantic City, New Jersey, December 1987.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/0D3C5CC6-8726-4ABC-BF19-180FFF01B86A.jpg",
        "id": "2733_1",
        "answer": [
            "Trump always sought approval of Manhattan's ruling class and was eager to make a name for himself",
            "he opened up a refurbished Grand Hyatt on 42nd Street, took over the long-stalled renovation of Central Park's ice skating rink and purchased the New York-area team in the fledgling United States Football League",
            "He would relentlessly promote himself in the newspapers or on TV. He knew how to get press and squash his enemies,"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Donald Trump",
            "Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_02_3659739",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_02_3659739_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "How were the people in the image moved?",
        "context": "The Day Islamic State Came Back \nMOSUL, IRAQ \u2014\u00a0\nIraqi forces captured the Tenek neighborhood of Mosul from Islamic State militants in mid-April.\nThen the troops moved on, battling their way toward Old Mosul and the militants' ultimate defeat in the city.\nIn the months that followed, the weather grew hot and security in Tenek weakened, until only local guards remained. A large portion of Tenek lay silent during that time, seemingly abandoned. It once was an industrial zone, but now it's in tatters atop a maze of IS tunnels, caves and bombs.\nFamilies continue to flee Mosul's Old City as soldiers battle for IS's last bit of territory in Mosul, Iraq, July 2, 2017. When IS is defeated, soldiers say, they expect sleeper cells to continue attacks. (H. Murdock/VOA)\nOn an early Sunday evening in late June, just as the Iraqi military was surrounding the last section of the last IS stronghold in Mosul, there was an unexpected parade in Tenek.\n\"I heard a crowd outside,\" said Mohammad, a taxi driver with three children. \"I thought maybe it was a local militia. But then I saw them.\"\nWhen the rest of the neighborhood saw the heavily armed militants in traditional clothes and thick beards, pandemonium erupted.\n\"My brother's wife burst into tears when she saw them,\" Mohammad continued. \"One militant said, 'Don't be afraid we are the Islamic State. Now, leave your home.'\"\nSoldiers say they believe IS militants were hiding in this abandoned industrial area, which is known to be sitting on a maze of bomb-riddled IS tunnels in Mosul, Iraq, June 30, 2017. (H. Murdock/VOA)\nSome homes were snatched away that night, others were voluntarily abandoned with haste, Mohammad added. Families packed their children in cars. Many people just walked away. Workers returning home said they saw what was going on and immediately drove out of Tenek, without considering what they left behind.\nChaos\n\"Everyone was on the streets, and everyone scattered,\" Mohammad said, as three of his neighbors nodded solemnly. \"We had no idea this could happen. We thought we were finally safe.\"\nInside Tenek, militants marched down the street berating locals for no longer obeying IS rules, such as long beards for men or fully covered faces for women.\nThe IS resurgence in Tenek was unsuccessful at thwarting Iraqi forces movements in Mosul, but residents say they have no doubt more militants are hidden in their midst. Faces in this picture, taken in Mosul, Iraq, are blurred for security reasons, June 30, 2017. (H. Murdock/VOA)\n\"What is this haircut? You look like an infidel. Beat him,\" one militant told a friend of Abu Khalid, who sells blocks of ice on the side of the road. Khalid did not give his real name for fear IS will come back yet again. His friend, he said, was beaten.\nIt was a holiday and two of Mohammad's nieces, 10 and 11 years old, were out playing when the militants marched in. In the chaos, they got left behind.\n\"We found them the next day hiding in the neighbor's bathroom,\" he said. \"They thought the small space would protect them from the fighting outside.\"\nOne neighbor was so stunned when he walked onto the block and saw IS, he turned around and ran away, forgetting to go home to look for his wife and children, Mohammad added.\n\"My nieces were in shock,\" he said. \"Even now they are devastated by what happened.\"\nIslamic State's return in Tenek caused so much chaos and terror, that some parents lost track of their children. Here, children are pictured in Mosul, Iraq, July 2, 2017. (H. Murdock/VOA)\nRecaptured\nAs families ran, Iraqi Special Forces moved in, followed by the Iraqi Army. And two days after it started, it was over. All the militants were dead. \nSome soldiers tied at least one of the militants' bodies to a lamppost, as a warning to other IS members in hiding.\n\"They wanted to make a show,\" said 1st Sergeant Jillel Jabar of the Iraqi Army's 9th division, which now guards Tenek a week after the counterattack. \"They were trying to rush the city so troops would pull back from the battle to retake Old Mosul.\"\n\"If that was their point, they failed,\" he added.\nNo one knows exactly what was the point or where the militants came from, but Jabar said the most likely scenario is that IS fighters were hiding in tunnels under the abandoned industrial area. Some may have been hiding since their April defeat. Others may have moved back when IS was defeated and later fled disguised as refugees, returning to Tenek to retrieve hidden weapons.\nAn Iraq soldier poses with an upside-down captured Islamic State flag, July 2, 2017 in Mosul, Iraq. Soldiers say despite their imminent victory in Mosul, the battle with IS is far from over. (H. Murdock/VOA)\nThe brief re-occupation of Tenek and one other area may have failed to slow the Iraqi offensive, but it succeeded in terrorizing the neighborhood, said Amar, a 31-year-old father of seven who lost his right arm in a car bombing in 2015.\nHe heard three people were killed the night IS came back, but he doesn't really know. In the house next door, now occupied by the army, sticky bloodstains on the floor and bullet casings indicate two people were killed.\n\"Everyone ran because they were afraid to die,\" Amar said.\nAfter IS was once again defeated in Tenek, most families that had fled slowly came home. \nBut for the families who returned, Amar says, the brief sense of \"liberation\" they had felt after IS was ousted the first time was crushed. Nowhere, he said, feels safe now. \n\"Under IS rule we had no jobs,\" he explained. \"We were dead, only we were breathing.\"\n",
        "caption": "Islamic State's return in Tenek caused so much chaos and terror, that some parents lost track of their children. Here, children are pictured in Mosul, Iraq, July 2, 2017. (H. Murdock/VOA)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/11E90D5E-AF1A-4166-9D42-E23CCA0F648C.jpg",
        "id": "10513_4",
        "answer": [
            "cars",
            "None",
            "Families packed their children in cars"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "children"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_03_3926675",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_03_3926675_4"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the bald person in the image pledge to initiate?",
        "context": "Mexico, US Vow to Bolster Joint Fight Against Drug Cartels\nMEXICO CITY \u2014\u00a0\nMexico and the United States are seeking to forge closer ties to fight arms trafficking and organized crime, Mexico's interior minister said on Friday, as he and U.S. Homeland Security Secretary John Kelly vowed to redouble efforts to battle drug cartels.\n\u201cWe're looking at new forms of cooperation on issues like arms trafficking ... and obviously combating international criminal organizations dedicated to drug trafficking,\u201d Interior Minister Miguel Angel Osorio Chong told a news conference.\nOsorio Chong did not provide details as he spoke alongside Kelly, who was coming to the end of a three-day visit to Mexico.\nKelly, who on Thursday traveled to one of Mexico's most lawless regions to discuss the military's efforts to battle drug traffickers and observe opium poppy eradication, said the two sides aimed to strengthen joint security cooperation.\n\u201cWe are also working together to defeat the scourge of illegal drugs, with special emphasis on the heroin, cocaine and fentanyl that is flooding the hemisphere and resulting in deaths in both of our countries,\u201d Kelly said.\nU.S. deaths from opiates including fentanyl and heroin have risen sharply in the last few years, putting the issue at center stage in efforts to strengthen cooperation on security matters between Mexico and the United States.\nKelly said U.S. President Donald Trump aimed to create \u201cstronger, durable bonds\u201d between the two neighbors, which have been at odds on some areas of policy under Trump, particularly the Republican leader's plan to build a wall along the U.S.-Mexico border.\n",
        "caption": "U.S. Homeland Security Secretary John Kelly, left, listens to Mexico's Interior Secretary Miguel Angel Osorio Chong as he gives a statement to the press after Kelly's visit in Mexico City, July 7, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/93CD3269-4B2A-4FB0-93EB-6CB4AA2746EF.jpg",
        "id": "26137_1",
        "answer": [
            "efforts to battle drug cartels"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "John Kelly"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_07_3933323",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_07_3933323_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the people in the image do?",
        "context": "Brazil Gang Kills 33, Many Hacked to Death, as Prison Violence Explodes\nRIO DE JANEIRO/SAO PAULO, BRAZIL \u2014\u00a0\nEditor's Note: Please be advised that this story contains graphic details that may disturb some readers.\nJailed members of Brazil's most powerful drug gang killed 33 inmates at a penitentiary Friday, decapitating and cutting out the hearts of most of them, in revenge for a separate prison massacre that left 56 dead this week.\nThe massacre in the Monte Cristo prison in the Amazonian state of Roraima carried out by members of the First Capital Command (PCC) gang sparked concerns that months of violence between criminal groups controlling Brazil's prisons was spiraling out of control.\nThe PCC itself was targeted Sunday in neighboring Amazonas state in Brazil's worst prison slaughter in more than two decades. The riot ended Monday morning.\nHeavily armed police officers walk outside the Agricultural Penitentiary of Monte Cristo, after dozens of inmates were killed, in Boa Vista, Roraima state, Brazil, Jan. 6, 2017.\nIn Friday\u2019s attack, a cellphone video that circulated widely on social media showed self-described PCC members hacking away at bodies littering an outdoor patio inside the prison.\n\"You killed our brothers, didn't you? Look here, look what is going to happen you! This is revenge for what you did to our brothers,\" a PCC member is heard saying on the video as dozens of bodies lie in thick pools of blood.\nOne victim, bare-chested and wearing sky-blue surfer shorts, began to move on the ground. The inmate taking the video calls out to fellow gang members \"We've got a live one!\" before another gang member rushes over and cuts off the victim's head with a white-handled barbecue knife.\nState officials said the riot in Roraima's largest prison was brought under control by elite police forces. Violence between rival drug gangs there already had led to 10 deaths in October.\nRoraima's top security official, Uziel de Castro, blamed Friday's violence at the state-run prison on the PCC. He later added that it was believed most of the inmates killed Friday were not members of the group responsible for this week's attack on the PCC in Amazonas and indeed had no gang affiliations.\nJustice Minister Alexandre Moraes insisted that the government had control over Brazil's prison system \u2014 the fourth-largest in the world and home to more than 620,000 inmates.\nFILE - A man digs graves at the Parque Taruma cemetery in Manaus, Brazil, for inmates killed in a prison riot, Jan. 4, 2017.\nSecurity experts had predicted more violence in Brazil's gang-controlled penitentiaries in the wake of the Monday massacre.\n\"It's getting really ugly. This situation is clearly snowballing and there is nothing the government can do to stop the violence in the short term,\" said Rafael Alcadipani, a public security expert at the Getulio Vargas Foundation think tank in Sao Paulo.\n\"We are paying the price for 50 years of total neglect of the penitentiary system.\"\nUneasy alliance\nIn Monday's uprising, PCC members were attacked by the North Family drug faction, which controls the Anisio Jobim penitentiary in Amazonas, according to officials. North Family is believed to dominate cocaine traffic in Amazonas from Colombia and Peru, according to authorities.\nThe group is allied with the Rio de Janeiro-based Red Command drug gang, Brazil's second most powerful faction after PCC.\nFor more than two decades, PCC and Red Command maintained an uneasy alliance, ensuring that a steady flow of drugs and guns flowed across Brazil's long jungle border.\nBut about six months ago PCC and Red Command split, as PCC moved to take control of lucrative drug routes across the border with Paraguay and become Brazil's dominant gang.\nExperts say PCC also has been moving to infiltrate areas in Red Command's home base of Rio de Janeiro, further stoking a turf war that threatens to spill onto the streets of Brazil's biggest cities.\nSince the split, Red Command has allied itself with smaller regional gangs to confront PCC, primarily in the north and northeast of Brazil, where prison violence boiled over this week.\nAlcadipani, the public security expert, said that Brazil's penitentiary system has been \"self-regulated\" by the gangs and that mass killings were rare until recent months because of a truce between the country's biggest criminal factions.\n\"But we see that as soon as we have a gang war, these killings are inevitably going to happen because the state has no control over the prisons,\" said Alcadipani.\n",
        "caption": "Heavily armed police officers walk outside the Agricultural Penitentiary of Monte Cristo, after dozens of inmates were killed, in Boa Vista, Roraima state, Brazil, Jan. 6, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/A6E4A177-3C46-4DC6-926D-3FD1D6BAB4A0.jpg",
        "id": "16465_2",
        "answer": [
            "brought under control",
            "None",
            "the riot in Roraima's largest prison was brought under control"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "police officers",
            "police"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_06_3665709",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_06_3665709_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where are the people in the image likely from?",
        "context": "Opinions Differ on EU Deal with Libya to Curb Migration\nThe European Union is touting a plan it says will help Libya curb the number of migrants leaving its shores, but some advocates believe the plan does little more than trap African and Middle Eastern migrants in a war zone.\nOn February 3, the European Union announced it would give $212 million to help Libya\u2019s U.N.-backed government bolster its coast guard capabilities as well as offer training and equipment in order to block smuggling routes.\nPreben Aamann, spokesman for European Council President Donald Tusk, said the current migration situation is both tragic and untenable. He said last year 181,000 people set off from Libya en route to Italy and approximately 5,000 drowned in the central Mediterranean. Both of those figures were all-time highs.\n\u201cIt is deadly for those who try it, for many who try it, and it's not sustainable for Europe,\u201d Aamann said. \u201cSo, our full determination is to close that route or at least very significantly reduce the number of irregular migrants using that route. In terms of resources that we are ready to put into it, it\u2019s quite significant.\u201d\nFILE - Migrants who'd attempted to flee to Europe wait in Libyan coast guard detention in the coastal city of Tripoli, Libya, May 16, 2016. The country's civil war has created openings for extremists, which Western governments hope to halt.\nAamann said the European Union has already trained about 90 Libyan coast guard members as part of its Operation Sophia, a joint naval operation meant to stop human smugglers. The new plan includes efforts to block smuggling routes.\nFurther training for coast guard forces is expected to take place in Europe and the European Union is prepared to spend more out of its Trust Fund for Africa if needed.\n\u201cI believe that it will not be money that is the problem, it is all the other operational issues and also the situation in Libya of course that complicates this,\u201d he said, speaking to VOA from a summit in Malta. \u201cBut the objective of reducing the number, saving lives is very clear and the determination is full.\u201d\nMSF: Strategy leaves migrants in 'inhumane' camps\nBut some human rights groups disagree with the strategy, saying it is a plan that will only leave migrants in squalid Libyan detention centers.\nIn a string of tweets during the EU heads of state summit, Doctors Without Borders or M\u00e9decins Sans Fronti\u00e8res (MSF) which has conducted a maritime rescue program, denounced the plan. The group tweeted: \u201chypothetically, blocking people in Libya would prevent them from drowning. In reality, it would condemn them to slow death.\u201d\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;Hypothetically, blocking people in \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/Libya?src=hash\\\"\\u0026gt;#Libya\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt; would prevent them from drowning. In reality, it would condemn them to a slow death \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/MaltaSummit?src=hash\\\"\\u0026gt;#MaltaSummit\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt; \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://t.co/cuTYoAKQJz\\\"\\u0026gt;pic.twitter.com/cuTYoAKQJz\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 MSF Sea (@MSF_Sea) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/MSF_Sea/status/827230106963750912\\\"\\u0026gt;February 2, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nGiorgia Girometti, field communication manager for MSF in Italy, told VOA that MSF has sent people to visit detention centers in Tripoli and provide medical assistance. She called the conditions at the centers \u201creally undignified and inhumane.\u201d\n\u201cThere is lack of water and there is no space to sleep on the ground, and you have all type of skin disease and also breath disease [respiratory infections],\u201d she said.\nGirometti has spent time on board MSF search and rescue vessels and heard stories of violence and sexual abuse against migrants in Libya.\n\u201cFor sure, blocking them in national Libyan waters by the Libyan coast guard and pushing them back on Libyan shores is really, really not a good solution,\u201d she said.\nIs Tripoli an effective partner?\nAnother criticism of the EU program is that it is reliant on Libya\u2019s Government of National Accord based in Tripoli. This government, although backed by the United Nations, does not control much of the country\u2019s coastline. It is opposed by a group of former Libyan parliamentarians based in the eastern city of Tobruk who are led militarily by General Khalifa Haftar.\nOther rebel groups control areas of the country, among them IS, which until recently boasted control of some territory around the city of Sirte.\nSub-Saharan migrants crowd a rubber boat as they are rescued by members of Proactive Open Arms NGO, in the Mediterranean Sea, about 22 miles north of Zumarah, Libya, Jan. 27, 2017. Italy's coast guard, meanwhile, says it picked up about 1,000 migrants.\nAamann said, for this reason, the European Union is working with multiple aid agencies present in Libya, including the International Organization for Migration (IOM) and the U.N. refugee agency.\n\u201cSo we don\u2019t only rely on the Libyan government who everybody knows is in a terribly difficult situation, but we also take a number of other steps,\" he said.\nIn December, the European Union launched a $21 million program to assist migrants stuck in Libya. The program, implemented by the IOM, aims to improve conditions in detention centers and assist with repatriating migrants to their home countries.\nAdditionally, the new deal aims to support local communities that are on migration routes and provide assistance to generate better socio-economic conditions.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Sub-Saharan migrants cover themselves with a heating blanket at the deck of the Golfo Azzurro boat after been rescued from a rubber boat by members of Proactive Open Arms NGO, at the Mediterranean sea, north of Sabratha, Libya, Jan. 27, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/666F1EF5-A88C-4FD6-8D6C-5A34C8DAC661.jpg",
        "id": "21425_1",
        "answer": [
            "Libya",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Sub-Saharan migrants",
            "migrants"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_13_3721750",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_13_3721750_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What are the people in the image desecrating?",
        "context": "EU Condemns Ukraine Clashes \nThe European Union on Tuesday condemned recent clashes in eastern Ukraine between pro-Russian rebels and government forces, calling the fighting a \u201cblatant violation\u201d of the Minsk truce.\n\"The intense fighting around Avdiivka in the last few days, involving heavy shelling with proscribed weapons and leading to a considerable number of casualties, is a blatant violation of the cease-fire, as stipulated by the Minsk agreements,\" the EU said in a statement.\nThe rebels and government troops began fighting three days ago around the town of Avdiivka. The confrontation escalated Monday night into Tuesday morning with the heaviest shelling seen in months.\nBoth sides say at least eight people have died in the reignited conflict.\nThe shelling Monday night damaged an electricity substation in nearby Donetsk, disabling the elevator at the Zasyadko coal mine and temporarily trapping more than 200 mine workers underground.\nThe miners were freed several hours later when local authorities were able to power the elevator with a back-up generator.\nThe renewed conflict has cut off water for most of Avdiivka and the town was left without heat in the dead of winter.\nGovernment authorities in Donetsk are reportedly planning an evacuation of 12,000 residents in Avdiivka, though no official plan has been put in place.\nIn 2015, both sides in the conflict signed a cease-fire and agreed pull back heavy weaponry, but both sides have violated the agreement several times since then.\n",
        "caption": "Pro-Russian rebels drive Grad multiple rocket launchers in the town of Donetsk, Ukraine, Sept. 11, 2014. The European Union on Tuesday condemned recent clashes in eastern Ukraine between pro-Russian rebels and government forces, calling the fighting a \u201cblatant violation\u201d of the Minsk truce.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/1896B243-A2F5-4935-902F-B0D8A482BA95.jpg",
        "id": "18036_1",
        "answer": [
            "the Minsk truce",
            "None",
            "Minsk truce"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "pro-Russian rebels",
            "Pro-Russian rebels"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_31_3700061",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_31_3700061_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What political ideology describes the balding person in the image?",
        "context": "Cash Must Stay, Even in Digital Age, Says German Economy Minister\nBERLIN \u2014\u00a0\nCash is crucial, Germany's economy minister said on Wednesday, defending the role of notes and coins in a debate in Europe about the merits of limiting cash payments to counter terrorism.\nThe European Commission is weighing stricter rules on the use of cash to cut terrorists' funding, and Germany's finance ministry - led by conservative Wolfgang Schaeuble - has said Berlin could imagine talking about a ceiling of 5,000 euros ($5,331.50).\nSuch a prospect is unwelcome to many Germans, who are renowned for their love of cash. The Bundesbank, Germany's central bank, said they carry an average of 103 euros on their person.\n\"Cash must remain an important means of payment,\" Economy Minister Brigitte Zypries, a Social Democrat, said in a statement.\n\"Even in the era of digitization, it is valid,\" she added, echoing a similar message from European Central Bank President Mario Draghi at the launch of a new 50 euro note on Tuesday.\nDraghi said three-quarters of euro zone payments are made in cash, and that it remains essential for the economy despite the rise of digital payments.\nThe Bundesbank has warned that an upper limit on cash payments could lead to a loss of faith in the euro as a currency.\nThe ECB's decision last year to phase out the 500-euro banknote irked some at Germany's central bank, who feared people's freedom to store their savings in cash was being curtailed.\n",
        "caption": "German Interior Minister Thomas de Maiziere, left, and German Finance Minister Wolfgang Schaeuble, right, talk prior to the weekly cabinet meeting at the chancellery in Berlin, Germany, Wednesday, April 5, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/C3846591-FAE6-4B83-8495-917AC262795F.jpg",
        "id": "16839_1",
        "answer": [
            "conservative",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Wolfgang Schaeuble"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_05_3797243",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_05_3797243_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person carrying the flag in the image's group do?",
        "context": "Parents Cheer Planned Return to School of 24 Chibok Girls in Nigeria\nABUJA, NIGERIA \u2014\u00a0\nParents of some of the Chibok schoolgirls kidnapped by Boko Haram militants in northeast Nigeria three years ago hailed on Thursday their planned return to school in September, but said the families should be involved in the \"healing process.\"\nTwenty-four of the 220 girls abducted from their school in Chibok \u2014 including 21 released by the jihadists in October and three who escaped or were rescued \u2014 will resume their education, the president's spokesman said.\nOn Saturday, 82 more of the girls kidnapped in April 2014 were released in exchange for members of the Islamist group that has killed 15,000 people since 2009 in an insurgency aimed at creating an Islamic caliphate in the northeast.\nThe 24 girls who left captivity last year have been staying in a secret location in the capital, Abuja, for assessment, rehabilitation and debriefing by the Nigerian government.\n\"It is better to send them to school,\" said Goni Mutar, father of Asabe Goni, one of the girls released in October.\n\"The president made a promise that he will educate them,\" he said, adding that parents of the girls were worried about having to pay for their schooling if it was not covered by the state.\nA man carrying a Boko Haram flag walks past a group of 82 Chibok girls, who were held captive for three years by Islamist militants, as the girls wait to be released in exchange for several militant commanders, near Kumshe, Nigeria, May 6, 2017.\nGlobal campaign\nThe abduction sparked global outrage and a Bring Back Our Girls campaign supported by then-U.S. first lady Michelle Obama and list of celebrities, but there was no sign of the girls for two years until one was found in a forest last May.\nThe 82 Chibok girls freed Saturday will not return to school in September because they are undergoing medical and psychological treatment, said presidential spokesman Garba Shehu.\nPsychologist Somiari Demm, who counseled former Boko Haram captives sponsored to go to the United States to study, said the girls' families must play a big part in their healing.\n\"It's important to remember that these young women are not prisoners. They are survivors whom we should be aiming to make thrivers,\" Demm said.\nThe government should use the Chibok girls as an example of how to advocate for and advance mental health, education for girls and other women's rights issues in Nigeria, Demm added.\nActivists and parents of the girls say they have been frustrated by a lack of contact and clarity about their future.\nLodged in safe house\nWhile the 21 girls freed in October were able to see their families in Chibok over Christmas, they were not allowed to return to their family homes. They instead had to stay in a state safe house under armed escort, relatives said.\n\"Parents' involvement is crucial,\" said Aisha Muhammed-Oyebode, a leader of Bring Back Our Girls and head of the Murtala Muhammad Foundation, a nonprofit organization supporting the parents of the abducted girls. \"We have to redefine normal for the girls again.\"\nLawyer Zannah Mustapha, mediator for Chibok girls, speaks during an interview with Reuters in Abuja, Nigeria, May 8, 2017.\nThe U.N. children's agency, UNICEF, said it supported the provision of education for the released girls who wanted to return to school.\n\"As with all children who have suffered the trauma of being held by the insurgents, the need for psychosocial support is likely to be long term and will need to be assessed on an individual basis,\" said UNICEF spokeswoman Doune Porter.\nMediator and lawyer Zannah Mustapha said some of the abducted girls refused to be freed last weekend, raising concerns they had been radicalized and may feel afraid, ashamed or even too powerful to return to their old lives.\n",
        "caption": "A man carrying a Boko Haram flag walks past a group of 82 Chibok girls, who were held captive for three years by Islamist militants, as the girls wait to be released in exchange for several militant commanders, near Kumshe, Nigeria, May 6, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/8B546FA4-06D6-4F5B-BF18-1DEE990D63D9.jpg",
        "id": "13923_2",
        "answer": [
            "82 more of the girls kidnapped in April 2014 were released in exchange for members of the Islamist group that has killed 15,000 people since 2009 in an insurgency aimed at creating an Islamic caliphate in the northeast",
            "kidnapped",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Boko Haram",
            "A man carrying a Boko Haram flag"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_11_3848361",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_11_3848361_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the nation of the person speaking in the image used to be part of?",
        "context": "EU Nudges Balkans Towards Economic Integration\nTRIESTE, ITALY \u2014\u00a0\nBosnia boycotted a transport pact and Kosovo frustrated a European Union attempt to forge a customs union in the Balkans on Wednesday, at a summit that once again brought promises of accession but no firm timetable.\nWith enlargement on hold, the EU is pushing six Balkan nations to integrate their economies in the hope of fostering development and stability, concerned over sometimes fraught relations in the region and the influence of an emboldened Russia.\nBut what was billed as a common market at a meeting in Sarajevo in February turned into a Regional Economic Cooperation Area in the northern Italian port city of Trieste, shorn of a full-fledged customs union. Kosovo, a former province of Serbia which depends heavily on customs revenues to top up its coffers, had objected.\nBosnia, too, failed to sign a deal on upgrading transport links due to objections from its autonomous Serb Republic, which has frustrated the country's efforts to move closer to the EU before.\nThe summit produced a commitment from the six to harmonize investment rules, remove non-tariff barriers to trade and essentially plug gaps and enhance a trade pact that is already in place \u2014 the Central European Free Trade Area, CEFTA.\nFILE - Kosovo's Foreign Minister Enver Hoxhaj, left, and his Finnish counterpart Erkki Tuomioja attend a news conference in Helsinki March 31, 2014.\n\"What has been offered to us on the table is not what was presented in February 2017,\" Kosovo Foreign Minister Enver Hoxhaj told Reuters.\nSlowly But Surely\nBefore the summit, the leaders of Germany, France and Italy met on a boat moored off Trieste's Piazza Unita d'Italia. Their discussions focussed on the growing wave of migrants reaching Italy's southern shores from North Africa, and produced little new on the issue of EU enlargement to the Balkans.\nGerman Chancellor Angela Merkel said the EU had a duty to move the region \"slowly but surely\" towards the bloc, more than 25 years after Yugoslavia disintegrated in war and newly-independent states emerged from the rubble.\n\"Political stability in the region means political stability for us too,\" Merkel said. \"We know this from experience.\"\nEnlargement, however, has been sidelined by crises of eurozone debt, huge migration, right-wing populism and Brexit.\nFILE - Macedonian Foreign Minister Nikola Dimitrov speaks during a news conference in Athens, Greece, June 14, 2017.\nMacedonia's foreign minister, Nikola Dimitrov, said Britain's departure from the EU in 2019 presented the EU with an opportunity.\n\"The desire of the region to join Europe is an opportunity for Europe to feel attractive,\" he told a civil society forum on the sidelines of the summit. \"The region and its readiness to step it up and finish the job is an opportunity for Europe to show it can make a difference and that it can think big and be self-confident.\"\nSummit host Italy warned against freezing enlargement indefinitely.\n\"I do not think a freeze of this process in the next 10 years could be sustainable for these countries,\" said Prime Minister Paolo Gentiloni, speaking in English, \"and I don't think it would be helpful for the EU.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Kosovo's Foreign Minister Enver Hoxhaj, left, and his Finnish counterpart Erkki Tuomioja attend a news conference in Helsinki March 31, 2014.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/7706011D-A4BD-4EB4-9A96-634A4A3543D5.jpg",
        "id": "21790_2",
        "answer": [
            "Serbia",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Kosovo",
            "Enver Hoxhaj"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_12_3941579",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_12_3941579_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where else will the people in the image be deployed?",
        "context": "Britain Raises Terror Alert to Critical \u2014 the Highest Level\nBritain has raised its terrorism alert to critical -- the highest level -- and soldiers are being deployed to assist armed police, Prime Minister Theresa May announced Tuesday.\nMay addressed the country one day after a suicide bomber blew himself up at an Ariana Grande concert in Manchester, killing 22 people and wounding nearly 60. She said members of the military will be deployed along with police at what she called \"big events,\" including football (soccer) matches and concerts.\nWATCH: VOA's Henry Ridgwell in Manchester\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nSuicide Attack at Concert Kills 22 People, Many Children\nShare this video\n0:02:31\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:31\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 7.2MB\n360p | 11.7MB\n720p | 72.0MB\nThe prime minister said the national terror threat level is being raised from severe to critical, which means another attack is expected \"imminently.\"\nShe said it is possible a \"wider group of individuals\" may have been responsible for Monday's Manchester bombing -- something British police are urgently trying to determine.\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nExperts: No Proof IS Ordered Manchester Attack\nShare this video\n0:02:17\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:17\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 6.5MB\n360p | 9.9MB\n720p | 65.0MB\nPolice have identified the suicide bomber as 22-year-old Salman Abedi, but have given no other information about him.\nIslamic State is claiming it was behind the attack, but neither British nor U.S. intelligence have confirmed that.\nPolice raided a residential area of Manchester Tuesday and carried out a controlled explosion at a house in Fallowfield, a racially mixed suburb.\nThey also arrested a 23-year-old man elsewhere in Manchester, but have not given any information about how he may have been involved in the blast.\nThe bomber blew himself up in a hall just outside the arena, where American pop star Grande had just ended her show.\nWomen wait to take part in a vigil for the victims of an attack on concert goers at Manchester Arena, in central Manchester, Britain, May 23, 2017.\nMay said the bomber deliberately chose the \"time and place to cause maximum carnage and to kill and injure indiscriminately.\"\nVideo shows the joy in the audience turning to confusion and then to panic and a scramble to get out of the building as the realization of what just happened spread.\nWitness say they saw blood covered bodies on the floor while others, badly wounded, staggered toward the exits.\nMany of the victims were young girls who idolize Grande. The youngest was just 8 years old.\nThe scene outside the concert hall was just as chaotic, with traffic snarled and parents rushing to the scene. Some mothers and fathers were still looking for their children on Tuesday.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;broken. from the bottom of my heart, i am so so sorry. i don%27t have words.\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Ariana Grande (@ArianaGrande) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/ArianaGrande/status/866849021519966208\\\"\\u0026gt;May 23, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nGrande wrote on Twitter that she is \"Broken. From the bottom of my heart, I am so, so sorry. I don't have words.\"\nPictures of Grande posing at an earlier show with one of the victims have cropped up on social media.\nBritain's Queen Elizabeth held a moment of silence at a garden party at Buckingham Palace. French President Emmauel Macron signed a condolence book at the British embassy in Paris. German Chancellor Angela Merkel said the attack only strengthens Germany's resolve to work with the British.\nThe U.N. Security Council also condemned the bombing.\nPresident Donald Trump, visiting Bethlehem in the West Bank, called those responsible for the blast \"evil losers in life.\"\nWATCH: Trump's reaction to Manchester attack\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTrump Comments on Manchester Attack\nShare this video\n0:00:55\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:55\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n264p | 1.5MB\n352p | 1.7MB\n480p | 10.2MB\n\"I won't call them monsters because they would like that term; they would think that's a great name,\" Trump said. \"I will call them from now on losers, because that's what they are.\"\nHe added, \"We cannot stand a moment longer for the slaughter of innocent people.\"\nMay said she does not want the British people to feel \"unduly alarmed,\" but she appealed to them to cooperate with police and other security services.\nShe ended her address to the nation Tuesday night with the traditional appeal to Britons to carry on and stand defiant.\n\"The spirit of Manchester and the spirit of Britain is far mightier than the sick plots of depraved terrorists. That is why the terrorists will never win, and we will prevail.\"\n",
        "caption": "Police investigators work at residential property in south Manchester, Britain, May 23, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/E6ACE43A-088C-4F60-8338-F7E3116DBD1B.jpg",
        "id": "3268_1",
        "answer": [
            "\"big events,\" including football (soccer) matches and concerts.",
            "\"big events,\" including football (soccer) matches and concerts"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Police investigators",
            "Police"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_23_3867397",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_23_3867397_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What can the people in the image not do as easily as before?",
        "context": "US and Cuba Complete Deals as Trump Era Set to Begin\nHAVANA \u2014\u00a0\nThe Obama administration and Cuba continue to sign cooperation agreements this week, scrambling to complete negotiations on a range of issues with just days to go until Donald Trump is sworn in as U.S. president, potentially bringing a chill to relations.\nAn agreement to cooperate on air and maritime search and rescue in the Florida Straits was signed Wednesday in Havana, and another setting territorial limits in contested Gulf of Mexico waters was scheduled for signing Wednesday or Thursday, according to diplomatic sources.\nA third agreement on health protocols for dealing with issues such as bird flu was scheduled for signing Wednesday, but postponed for later this week. It would be the last of 22 accords that have been concluded in the last 18 months.\nJeffrey DeLaurentis, U.S. Charge d'Affaires in Cuba, delivers a speech after signing agreements to cooperate on air and maritime search and rescue missions in the Florida Straits, Havana, Cuba, Jan. 18, 2017.\nSeeking to reverse more than 50 years of U.S. efforts to force Communist-run Cuba to change by isolating it, Democratic President Barack Obama agreed with Cuban President Raul Castro in December 2014 to work to normalize relations. Since then the two countries have restored diplomatic relations and Obama has taken a number of steps to increase travel and trade with Cuba.\nTrump, a Republican who will be sworn in Friday, has threatened to end the detente if Cuba does not make further political and other concessions, although he has not specified what these should be.\nThe prospect of a fresh chill has prompted both governments to wrap up negotiations on five agreements since the November election, including one on fighting international crime and another on preventing and containing oil spills.\nThe Obama administration last week ended a 21-year-old special arrangement by which all Cubans arriving in the United States, including without visas, were entitled to stay and seek residency. The policy had long been criticized by the Cuban government.\nCubans gather at the migration office while waiting for their safe passage to cross Mexico after Washington repealed a measure granting automatic residency to virtually every Cuban who arrived in the United States, in Tapachula, Mexico, Jan. 17, 2017.\nJohn Kavulich, president of the U.S.-Cuba Trade and Economic Council which has followed business ties between the two countries for two decades, noted that while there had been a large array of recent agreements and memorandums of understanding, none were binding treaties.\n\"The commercial, economic and political bilateral relationship between the United States and Cuba remains tentative, fragile, and immensely subject to the impact of winds from the north and winds from the south,\" Kavulich said.\nThe Trump transition team has included five Cuban-Americans who are vocal opponents of detente and who have close ties to Cuban-American lawmakers calling for a return to efforts to isolate Cuba. A number of Trump appointees, including his national security adviser, Michael Flynn, have expressed opposition to the effort to normalize relations.\nObama has used executive orders, which can be scrapped by Trump, to circumvent the longstanding U.S. trade embargo on Cuba and ease some restrictions on travel and business. The embargo can be lifted only by the U.S. Congress, which is controlled by Republicans.\n",
        "caption": "Cubans gather at the migration office while waiting for their safe passage to cross Mexico after Washington repealed a measure granting automatic residency to virtually every Cuban who arrived in the United States, in Tapachula, Mexico, Jan. 17, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/825DE21C-A098-4B13-B909-5E5E41A1F488.jpg",
        "id": "28492_3",
        "answer": [
            "seek residency"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Cubans"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_18_3681828",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_18_3681828_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What idea did the person with glasses in the image float?",
        "context": "Tillerson Urges UN Security Council to Take Action Before N. Korea Does\nUNITED NATIONS \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson said Friday that Washington would not rule out a military response to future North Korean aggression and that it would seek to increase the rogue nation\u2019s financial and international isolation.\n\u201cAs we have said before, all options for responding to future provocation must remain on the table,\u201d Tillerson told a high-level meeting of the U.N. Security Council on the North Korean nuclear issue.\n\u201cDiplomatic and financial levers of power will be backed up by a willingness to counteract North Korean aggression with military action if necessary,\u201d he warned. \u201cWe much prefer a negotiated solution to this problem, but we are committed to defending ourselves and our allies against North Korean aggression.\u201d\nWATCH: Tillerson on North Korean nuclear threat\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTillerson: Threat of North Korea Nuclear Attack is Real\nShare this video\n0:00:34\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:34\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 1.7MB\n360p | 3.0MB\n480p | 17.0MB\nTillerson said this new campaign of intensified pressure would be swiftly implemented and \u201cpainful to North Korean interests,\u201d but he insisted that regime change is not a part of it.\nHe added that talks would not happen before North Korea takes concrete steps to dismantle its illegal weapons programs.\nTillerson laid out what Washington wants the international community to do to stop North Korea\u2019s pursuit of nuclear weapons, calling for increased diplomatic and economic pressure on Pyongyang to get it to change course, including new targeted sanctions.\n\u201cWe must bring maximum economic pressure by severing trade relationships that indirectly fund the DPRK\u2019s nuclear and missile program,\u201d he said. \u201cI call on the international community to suspend the flow of North Korean guest workers and to impose bans on North Korean imports, and especially coal.\u201d\nWATCH: Tillerson on consequences of failing to act \nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nTillerson: Failing To Act Now on N. Korea May Bring 'Catastrophic Consequence'\nShare this video\n0:00:32\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:32\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 1.6MB\n360p | 2.8MB\n480p | 16.8MB\nHe singled out China, urging it to exert its powerful economic leverage over North Korea.\nHe also asked states to downgrade their diplomatic relations with Pyongyang and to fully implement existing U.N. Security Council resolutions regarding North Korea.\n\u201cThose nations which have not fully enforced these resolutions fully discredit this body,\u201d Tillerson said.\n\u201cFor years, North Korea has been dictating the terms of its dangerous course of action; it is time for us to retake control of the situation,\u201d Tillerson added.\nThe United States called for Friday\u2019s meeting as part of its presidency this month of the Security Council. It was Tillerson\u2019s first time at the world body and the Security Council chamber was packed, as nations are eager to have a clear indication from the Trump administration on where it is headed on the dangerous North Korea issue.\nChinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi speaks during a ministerial level Security Council meeting on the situation in North Korea, April 28, 2017, at United Nations headquarters.\nChina remains firm\nSeveral foreign ministers attended Friday\u2019s high-level session, including China\u2019s Wang Yi. He deflected President Donald Trump\u2019s recent calls on Beijing to solve the North Korean problem.\n\u201cChina is not a focal point of the problem on the peninsula and the key to solving the nuclear issue on the peninsula does not lie on the Chinese side,\u201d Wang told the council.\n\u201cChina has, over the years, made unremitting efforts and played a unique role in promoting a negotiated solution,\u201d he added.\nChina\u2019s position remained consistent, with the minister calling for North Korea to stop its nuclear and ballistic missile activities and return to its international commitments. He also called on other parties to work constructively for the denuclearization of the Korean peninsula.\n\u201cWe must stay committed to the path of dialogue and negotiations,\u201d Wang said. \u201cThe use of force does not solve differences and will only lead to bigger disasters,\u201d he cautioned.\nSouth Korea's Foreign Minister Yun Byung-se delivers his remarks in the Security Council at United Nations headquarters, April 28, 2017.\nAnxious neighbors\n\u201cWe must act now, we are racing against time,\u201d said South Korean foreign minister Yun Byung-se, whose country is on the frontline of the crisis. \u201cExtraordinary circumstances require extraordinary responses,\u201d he urged.\nHe called for tougher new international sanctions, saying they are necessary. \u201cOur goal is not to bring North Korea to knees, but to bring it back to the negotiation table for genuine denuclearization.\u201d\nWatch: US Will Not Rule Out Military Response to North Korea\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nUS Will Not Rule Out Military Response to North Korea\nShare this video\n0:02:28\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:28\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 6.9MB\n360p | 10.9MB\n720p | 66.9MB\n1080p | 45.3MB\nJapan\u2019s foreign minister Fumio Kishida urged the international community to send a message to Pyongyang that provocation comes at a high price. \u201cNo bright future awaits North Korea without denuclearization.\nRussia, which shares a short border with North Korea, also expressed concern about the growing tensions.\n\u201cThe combative rhetoric coupled with reckless muscle-flexing has led to this situation where the whole world sits seriously now wondering whether there\u2019s going to be a war or not,\u201d Deputy Foreign Minister Genady Gatilov told the council.\n",
        "caption": "U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson (R) speaks next to U.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres during a Security Council meeting on the situation in North Korea at the United Nations (U.N.) in New York, April 28, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/1D64D69E-76E5-4E6C-A611-36C9FB04ECFC.jpg",
        "id": "24353_1",
        "answer": [
            "a military response to future North Korean aggression"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Rex Tillerson"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_28_3829712",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_28_3829712_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What optimistic sentiment was offered by the man who is smiling",
        "context": "Republicans Scramble to Salvage Health Care, Trump Agenda\nCAPITOL HILL \u2014\u00a0\nThe future of President Donald Trump's agenda hung in the balance Thursday as Republicans endured a tortured day of negotiations up and down Pennsylvania Avenue, fighting up to the last minute to negotiate passage of a long-promised health care bill.\nJust 61 days after Trump promised momentous political change as he was sworn in on the steps of the U.S. Capitol, House Republicans couldn't find agreement with each other on their signature campaign promise of repealing and replacing the Affordable Care Act, also known as Obamacare.\nRepublicans Scramble to Salvage Health Care Vote, Trump Agenda\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nRepublicans Scramble to Salvage Health Care Vote, Trump Agenda\nShare this video\n0:02:31\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:31\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 7.2MB\n360p | 11.2MB\n720p | 71.2MB\n1080p | 51.0MB\nTrump put his skills as a deal-maker on the line, but failed to win over the conservative House Freedom Caucus and even alienated some moderates afraid for their political futures. His and Speaker Paul Ryan's failure to secure enough votes backed the once-unified Republican Party into a politically tricky corner that could be hard to escape, even if the bill does pass.\nThe White House says the House of Representatives will vote Friday morning on overhauling Obamacare, as Republicans strive to find more yes votes.\nFILE - U.S. House Majority Leader Kevin McCarthy, left, U.S. House Speaker Paul Ryan, center, and U.S. Representative Greg Walden hold a news conference on the American Health Care Act on Capitol Hill in Washington, March 7, 2017.\n\"This is one of those moments where you have got to say who you are really deep inside of you \u2014 are you for President Trump and repealing and replacing Obamacare, or are you against President Trump and are you against repealing and replacing Obamacare? It's that simple,\" Representative Bradley Byrne, a Republican from Alabama, said as he emerged from a late-afternoon emergency strategy meeting in Ryan's office after the House Freedom Caucus rejected the latest deal.\n\"This is a tense moment for everybody, because we're driving down to the finish line \u2014 but I think there's a determination to get this done and get it done in the right way,\" Byrne told VOA.\nThis week's turmoil could decimate the political capital of the Republican leadership, ruining plans for tax reform and major infrastructure spending, and throwing a shadow over a looming budget battle that could shut down the government.\n\"An effective speaker, an effective leader of House Republicans, would have taken one look at this bill, understood it had no chance of passage and would have stopped the bill writing in its tracks and never let it see the light of day,\" John Hudak, a senior fellow in governance studies at the Brookings Institution, told VOA. \"Paul Ryan failed to do that, and he failed to do that at the expense of his own party, his own caucus and his own president.\"\nConservative opposition\nRyan scheduled the vote for the seventh anniversary of the signing of the Affordable Care Act, just weeks after introducing the legislation and before he could build consensus within his own party.\nHouse Freedom Caucus Chairman Rep. Mark Meadows, R-N.C. smiles as he speaks with the media on Capitol Hill in Washington, March 23, 2017.\n\"I think you see here a Congress who is going to come away from this vote very worried that their president \u2014 the president of their party \u2014 is incapable of helping them task big-ticket legislation,\" Hudak said.\nThe House Freedom Caucus \u2014 a politically conservative group of House members \u2014 kept the bill from the votes required for passage, arguing that Trump and Ryan's proposal violates limited government principles by keeping too many key provisions of former President Barack Obama's health care plan.\n\"We're certainly trying to get to yes, but, indeed, we've made very reasonable requests and we're hopeful that those reasonable requests will be listened to and ultimately agreed to,\" Freedom Caucus Chair Mark Meadows told reporters after a last-minute White House meeting to negotiate with Trump.\nTrump has repeatedly warned caucus members they could lose big in 2018 midterm elections if they fail to act in support of his bill.\n\"The president is correct \u2014 if Republicans fail to pass this bill, it will be a problem for them. The problem is, passing the bill creates a problem for them as well,\" Hudak said.\nBut the president's concessions to the caucus alienated more moderate Republicans who fear the changes could doom the bill's chances in the Senate, ruining their own opportunities for re-election. Suddenly, Trump and Ryan found themselves facing a battle on two fronts within their own party.\nDemocrats' strategy\nHouse Democrats smelled blood in the water \u2014 and a future political opportunity \u2014 as they stood to the side, watching the events unfold.\nMinority Leader Nancy Pelosi told reporters Trump made a \"rookie\" mistake by staking his reputation as a negotiator on a piece of legislation that was rushed to a vote without party consensus.\nFILE - House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi of Calif. speaks to reporters about Republican efforts to craft an \"Obamacare\" replacement bill, March 9, 2017, on Capitol Hill in Washington.\n\"If this bill were to fail today \u2014 rookie day \u2014 I stand ready to negotiate with them on how we can go forward in incorporating their ideas, saving face for them in some areas and doing right for the American people,\" Pelosi told reporters.\n\"The Democrats \u2014 for once \u2014 are playing this in a masterfully political way. They recognize that the only thing worse than Republicans failing to pass this bill, is for Republicans to pass this bill,\" said Hudak. \"For Democrats, it's a win-win.\"\nPelosi told reporters the situation ultimately will end up working in the Democrats' favor, no matter what the outcome.\n\"This is a bad day for them,\" she said, summing up a week of uncertainty.\n",
        "caption": "House Freedom Caucus Chairman Rep. Mark Meadows, R-N.C. smiles as he speaks with the media on Capitol Hill in Washington, March 23, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/FC15B6D8-23EF-4DAA-9C8F-E4F4CED83669.jpg",
        "id": "16373_3",
        "answer": [
            "\"We're certainly trying to get to yes, but, indeed, we've made very reasonable requests and we're hopeful that those reasonable requests will be listened to and ultimately agreed to,\""
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Mark Meadows"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_23_3779435",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_23_3779435_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who did the people in the image take down?",
        "context": "Iran Blames Saudi Arabia for Tehran Attacks\nIran's Revolutionary Guards are blaming Saudi Arabia for a pair of terror attacks Wednesday at symbolic locations in Tehran.\n\"This terrorist attack happened only a week after the meeting between the U.S. president and the [Saudi] backward leaders who support terrorists. The fact that Islamic State has claimed responsibility proves that they were involved in the brutal attack,\u201d the statement read.\nTehran police chief Hossein Sajedinia was quoted in Iranian media as saying five suspects had been arrested in connection with the attacks that left at least 12 people dead and 42 others wounded at Iran's parliament and a shrine to late leader Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini.\nIS militants immediately claimed responsibility. It marks the first time the Sunni Muslim group admitted it attacked the majority Shi'ite Muslim country.\nU.S. President Donald Trump released a statement reacting to the attacks on Wednesday. He said the U.S. grieves and prays for \"the innocent victims\" of the attacks, and \"the Iranian people, who are going through such challenging times.\"\nHe also warned that \"states that sponsor terrorism risk falling victim to the evil they promote.\"\nThe State Department said the \"depravity of terrorism\" has no place in the world. Spokeswoman Heather Nauert said the U.S. sends its thoughts and prayers to the Iranian people following the attacks.\nThe United Nations Security Council said the attacks were \"barbaric and cowardly,\" and stressed that it condemned the attacks \"in the strongest terms.\"\nThe Security Council reaffirmed that terrorism \"in all its forms and manifestations\" constitutes one of the most serious threats to international peace and security. It said any acts of terrorism are \"criminal and unjustifiable,\" and called for the perpetrators, organizers, financiers and sponsors of those acts to be brought to justice.\nPolice secure the area around the shrine of late Iranian revolutionary founder Ayatollah Khomeini, in Tehran, Iran, June 7, 2017.\nSix of the attackers were killed by Iranian security forces.\nThe attacks began before noon when several men, dressed as women, stormed the parliament building and killed a security guard. One attacker blew himself up inside the building, and three gunmen were reported killed by police after they took several hostages.\nAli Larijani, the speaker of parliament, called the attack a \"minor incident\" perpetrated by \"some cowardly terrorists.\" He said \"serious measures\" would be taken against those responsible.\nThe shrine attack began about 30 minutes after the parliament attack, and involved three gunmen and a suicide bomber who stormed the site, killing at least one person and wounding several others, according to Iranian media. The reports said police arrested at least one of the attackers and killed another.\nThe United States condemned the terrorist attacks, with State Department spokeswoman Heather Nauert issuing a statement that said, \"We express our condolences to the victims and their families, and send our thoughts and prayers to the people of Iran. The depravity of terrorism has no place in a peaceful, civilized world.\"\nThe Islamic State extremist group is at war with Iranian-backed groups in Syria and Iran and views Iran's Shi'ite majority as apostates deserving of death.\n",
        "caption": "Police secure the area around the shrine of late Iranian revolutionary founder Ayatollah Khomeini, in Tehran, Iran, June 7, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/4B58003A-E6CB-4786-BFBD-D656FFEDAA76.jpg",
        "id": "30907_2",
        "answer": [
            "three gunmen"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "police"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_07_3890690",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_07_3890690_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the price tag of the technology being deployed in the image?",
        "context": "South Korea Rejects Trump\u2019s $1B THAAD Demand\nSEOUL, SOUTH KOREA \u2014\u00a0\nThe South Korean government has quickly refuted U.S. President Donald Trump\u2019s call for Seoul to pay $1 billion for the THAAD missile defense system.\nThe Defense Ministry put out a statement Friday saying, \u201cThere is no change in South Korea and the United States\u2019 position that our government provides the land and supporting facilities and the U.S. bears the cost of THAAD system\u2019s deployment, operation and maintenance.\u201d\nThe deployment of the U.S. Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) anti-missile battery was agreed to last year by the administrations of then U.S. President Barack Obama and then South Korean President Park Geun-hye. Park was able to evade demands that she seek National Assembly approval for the deal by claiming no additional funding would be required for the THAAD deployment.\nBut during an interview Thursday with Reuters in Washington, President Trump said he wants South Korea to pay for the system.\nA former U.S. State Department official estimated the cost of the system at $1.2 billion, but said the United States would not want to sell THAAD to Seoul.\nTrump also said in the Oval Office interview he wants to resolve the crisis peacefully, possibly through the use of new economic sanctions, but added, \u201cThere is a chance that we could end up having a major, major conflict with North Korea.\u201d\nChina has told Washington it has warned Pyongyang of new Chinese sanctions if it conducts another nuclear test, U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson said in a Fox News interview Thursday . That would be a departure for Beijing, which has until now been unwilling to impose sanctions beyond those ordered by the United Nations.\nA Chinese foreign ministry spokesman declined to confirm or deny Tillerson's statement Friday, dismissing the question at a briefing as \"hypothetical,\" the Associated Press reported.\nMoon Jae-in, the presidential candidate of the Democratic Party of Korea, speaks during a televised debate in Goyang, South Korea, April 25, 2017.\nImpossible option\nSouth Korea is in the midst of a presidential election brought on by the impeachment of former President Park for her alleged involvement in a multimillion dollar corruption scandal.\nThe leading presidential candidate, Moon Jae-in, with the liberal leaning Democratic Party of Korea, has said he wants to postpone deploying the U.S. advanced anti-missile system until the new president takes office and can evaluate its benefits and drawbacks.\nMoon\u2019s spokesman Youn Kwan-suk Friday called for the THAAD deployment to be \u201cimmediately suspended,\u201d and a foreign policy adviser, Kim Ki-jung at Seoul\u2019s Yonsei University, said that purchasing THAAD would be \u201can impossible option,\u201d adding that the cost issue was a key concern behind the candidate\u2019s position that the deployment to be delayed.\nMoon is currently comfortably ahead in the most recent Gallup election poll, with 40 percent support.\nIn the last year, South Korean public opinion on THAAD shifted from opposing to supporting the controversial American weapons system, as North Korea relentlessly moved forward with nuclear and ballistic missile tests in the face of increased international sanctions. An April 17 Chosun Ilbo newspaper survey found 60 percent of the South Korean public in favor of THAAD and 30 percent opposed.\nFILE - A Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) interceptor is launched during a successful intercept test, in this undated photo provided by the U.S. Department of Defense, Missile Defense Agency.\nAhn surprised\nAhn Cheol-soo, the People\u2019s Party candidate who ranks second in the polls, has supported THAAD as a needed defense measure despite concerns among some of his more liberal supporters that it is not worth the risk of provoking North Korea and alienating China. Ahn is currently at 24 percent in the recent Gallup poll.\nBeijing charges the THAAD system\u2019s radar could be used to spy on China and has reportedly retaliated by limiting tourism to South Korea, imports of Korean cosmetics and entertainment, and shutting down some South Korean department stores in China.\nAhn\u2019s deputy spokesman, Nemo Kim, said Friday she is surprised by Trump\u2019s demand and stated that the People\u2019s Party candidate would not support THAAD under such a condition.\n\u201cIt\u2019s definitely something that the Korean people cannot agree to, obviously, since this deal took place with the current (acting) administration,\u201d Kim said.\nKim also demanded the deal struck between the Park and Obama administrations be made public immediately to clarify what South Korea\u2019s obligations are.\nConservative silent\nConservative Liberty Korea Party candidate Hong Joon-pyo, a strong THAAD supporter who is at 12 percent in the poll, has not yet commented on Trump\u2019s seeming demand for $1 billion in THAAD reimbursement costs.\nAdmiral Harry Harris, commander of the U.S. Pacific Command (PACOM), said Wednesday during a congressional hearing in Washington the THAAD system will become operational \u201cin the coming days.\u201d\nAlso this week, THAAD components, including road-mobile launchers, interceptor missiles equipped with precise infrared-seeking technology, and the powerful radar system to target enemy missiles, were delivered to the designated deployment site on a Lotte-owned golf course in the rural southeastern part of the country.\nIn the interview with Reuters, Trump also called the Korea-U.S. free trade agreement \u201chorrible\u201d and said \u201cwe are going to renegotiate that deal or terminate it.\u201d\nYoumi Kim contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "A Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) interceptor (right) is seen in Seongju, South Korea, April 26, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/AEFD37BD-2293-4432-9A4D-E077A8FD1F74.jpg",
        "id": "30503_1",
        "answer": [
            "$1 billion"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "THAAD"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_28_3829391",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_28_3829391_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Where did the person who caused the injury to the person in the image used to live?",
        "context": "Violent Portrait Emerges of London Attacker\nSo much is known now about the 52-year-old man who killed four people Wednesday and injured dozens of others on Westminster Bridge and in London's Parliament Square.\nSo much, but so little.\nHis last dinner before the rampage was a kebab, eaten at a cheap hotel in the southern coastal town of Brighton, 87 kilometers from London. The hotel staff said there was nothing to suggest he was on the eve of adding his name to the roster of jihadists who have died while carrying out recent atrocities in Europe.\nHe was affable and smiling, and he told staff he was visiting friends in Brighton, a seaside resort popular with day-trippers and in recent years associated with gay chic.\nThe manager of the hotel told reporters the terrorist had been \"laughing and joking, telling us stories about where he lived\" just hours before the attack. His past public disorder offenses are all known too \u2014 from assault to slashing a man's face in a pub brawl.\nThe Preston Park Hotel in Brighton on March 24, 2017.\nChildhood in Kent\nBritish television channels Friday flashed school photographs of Khalid Masood, then known as Adrian Russell Ajao \u2014 the family name coming from his stepfather. He was born Christmas Day, 1964. As a schoolboy in a leafy, picturesque and almost exclusively white Kent village he was soccer-mad, played rugby, got into body-building and experimented with drugs.\nA childhood friend has hinted he may have been the target of some racism at school. \"He was a big character, very friendly and a good laugh,\" Kenton Till told Britain's Daily Mail newspaper. \"He might have been the only black kid at the school. He experienced a little bit of racism,\" he added, though, \"not a lot because he always tried to be popular.\" \nTill continued, \"We used to socialize together up until we left school but he turned up to a party at my house with some friends after they had been smoking puff [cannabis] and my mum threw them all out. We sort of lost touch after that.\"\nIn the immediate years after school, he worked for the family firm, selling cleaning supplies and moved in with a woman four years his junior. \nAnd then, for reasons still unclear, it all started to go wrong.\nPolice were often called to his home, which he shared with then wife Jane Harvey, who gave birth to two of Khalid Masood's three children.\nFriends told the Sun newspaper that Khalid Masood would go into drink-fueled rages. The couple split in 2000 after he slashed the face of a cafe owner in a pub brawl that earned Masood two years in prison.\nThe killer blamed racism for the fight, telling a court he slashed a cafe owner's face because he was \"ostracized\" by people in the village in East Sussex where he was then living. The judge who sentenced him noted: \"While it doesn't afford any excuse for your behavior it may afford some degree of explanation.\"\nBut his violence in nearly all the public order cases against him over the years went hand-in-hand with excessive drinking \u2014 before the 2000 pub brawl he consumed four pints of beer.\nWhile the childhood and psychological background of Khalid Masood is engrossing for radicalization experts (and the British media), who want to understand what drove him to kill, it is only of minor interest for police investigators who have more immediate and urgent questions to find answers to \u2014 among them, when, why and how he was radicalized.\nAs the police sift through the biographical scraps of his past, they are trying to discover as quickly as possible whether he acted alone or was he directed to target the House of Commons. Was he part of a network of like-minded radicals, who are plotting further carnage?\nEmergency services transport an injured person to an ambulance following the attack.\nTwo years in prison\nThe date of his conversion to Islam is not clear, but the suspicion is that he was radicalized while serving a two-year sentence for the 2000 slashing incident in the pub.\nIn several European countries, the majority of jihadist recruits are former criminals. There hasn't been a merging of criminal organizations with Islamic State and other jihadist groups but there has been a partial merging of social networks, environments, and milieus. Criminal and terrorist groups are recruiting from the same pool of people, creating dangerous synergies, say analysts.\nThe men who carried out the 2015 Paris and Brussels attacks had long histories of delinquency \u2014 and some are known to have been recruited while serving prison terms or were recruited by men whose radicalism had started in jail. \nSince Wednesday police have raided homes across Britain and arrested so far 11 people, some on suspicion of participating in the preparation of terrorist acts. They include a 27-year-old man from Birmingham and a woman, age 32, from Manchester.\n\"All of them are being quizzed as we try to piece together what went into the attack,\" a senior police official told VOA. The police investigation, code-named Operation Classific, is being led by officers from SO15, the London Metropolitan Police's counter-terrorism squad.\nActing Deputy Commissioner Mark Rowley Friday said: \"Whilst there is no evidence of further threats you will understand our determination to find out if he either acted totally alone inspired by terrorist propaganda; or, if others have encouraged, supported or directed him.\"\nThree minutes before he drove his rented Hyundai SUV at pedestrians, plowing into them as they walked over Westminster Bridge, Khalid Masood was in contact with someone via the encrypted messaging service WhatsApp.\nPolice are trying to identify who that person was and what was the nature of the conversation.\nYears in Saudi Arabia\nWhere he lived in the past is also drawing attention. According to London police officials who talked with VOA, Khalid Masood is thought to have lived for several years in Saudi Arabia. The Sun newspaper has reported that he moved to the Gulf kingdom in 2005 and for four years taught English in Yanbu to civil aviation workers.\nWas it in Saudi Arabia that his radicalization deepened?\nAnd in 2009 he moved to Luton, just north of London, again to teach English, part-time. The choice of Luton might be significant as was his decision later to move to Birmingham. Both towns have figured prominently in the recruitment of Britons by the Islamic State terror group.\nThe July 7, 2005 London bombers had connections to the town and both towns have attracted regular visits from extremist preachers, including in the past Abu Hamza, Omar Bakri Mohammed and Anjem Choudary, an influential radical cleric who was jailed last year on terror offenses and has been linked by British police to 15 terror plots since 2000.\nIt was during his time in Luton and Birmingham, that Khalid Masood drew the fleeting attention of Britain's security services. Midweek, British Prime Minister Theresa May told the House of Commons, \"Some years ago, he was once investigated by MI5 in relation to concerns about violent extremism. He was a peripheral figure; the case was historic; he was not part of the current intelligence picture.\"\nHe also appeared to neighbors in Luton as 'peripheral,' One of his neighbors described him to British reporters as \"a shadow.\" \"I didn't see him often. Sometimes I would see him walking around at night. I didn't see him during the day. It was hard to tell he was living there.\"\nFor British police, the concern is that they may have missed the importance of other 'peripheral figures.'\n",
        "caption": "Emergency services transport an injured person to an ambulance following the attack.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F36736EC-B4B2-49DB-A5E6-931ADD8BA5C6.jpg",
        "id": "217_3",
        "answer": [
            "East Sussex",
            "Saudi Arabia",
            "Kent",
            "Kent Village"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "injured person",
            "Khalid Masood"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_25_3781747",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_25_3781747_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person on the right of the image organizing?",
        "context": "EU Ready to Assist Macedonia Implement Reforms to Unlock Membership\nSKOPJE \u2014\u00a0\nThe European Union's commissioner in charge of enlargement said on Monday the bloc will help Macedonia make key reforms such as ensuring judicial and media independence to unlock the country's path towards EU and NATO membership.\nJohannes Hahn arrived in Skopje on Monday to attend a cabinet meeting scheduled to debate a reform agenda.\n\u201cTomorrow the first experts from the European Union will be in town to assist you in all these reforms,\u201d Hahn told reporters after he met the cabinet.\nLast month's election of Zoran Zaev's cabinet ended a two-year long political crisis, the biggest since Western diplomacy helped drag the former Yugoslav republic back from the brink of civil war in 2001 during an ethnic Albanian insurgency.\nCommitted to reforms\nAfter meeting Hahn, Zaev said his government would be committed to reforms and would work hard to get a green light to open accession talks by the end of this year.\n\u201cAs the Commission we have, I have every interest to arrive to a point where we can give a positive recommendation,\u201d Hahn said. \u201cBut this is to a very high extent, linked to concrete progress on the area of urgent reform priorities.\"\nA stand-off between Zaev's Socialists and nationalist VMRO-DPMNE triggered by a wiretapping scandal in 2015 prompted the EU to broker an agreement in which parties signed up to an early election and a set of reforms to ensure freedom of media and independence of judiciary.\nSocial Democrat leader Zoran Zaev poses for a photo with newly elected ministers at Macedonian parliament in Skopje, Macedonia June 1, 2017.\nUpper Macedonia?\nAfter the December election, Zaev engineered a coalition with two parties representing ethnic Albanians, who comprise a third of the 2.1 million population. The new cabinet pledged to put reforms from the EU-brokered agreement high on its agenda.\nMacedonia's accession into the EU and NATO has been blocked over a name dispute with Greece, which has a northern province called Macedonia and regards Skopje's use of the name as a territorial grab.\nEarlier this month Greek Foreign Minister Nikos Kotzias said Athens would back Macedonia's European integration \"in every way, once the name issue has been resolved\". Athens has previously insisted Skopje use a compound name such as \u201cNew\u201d or \u201cUpper\u201d Macedonia.\n",
        "caption": "Macedonian Prime Minister Zoran Zaev and European Neighborhood Policy and Enlargement Negotiations Commissioner Johannes Hahn, right, address a joint news conference after their meeting at the EU Commission headquarters in Brussels, Belgium June 12, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/FA622EC2-7DD2-4F18-AB9D-4F8ACA44424A.jpg",
        "id": "30485_1",
        "answer": [
            "a reform agenda"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Johannes Hahn"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_26_3917201",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_26_3917201_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who is failing to confront the forces in the image?",
        "context": "Media Groups Criticize Arrest of 3 Journalists in Myanmar\nYANGON, MYANMAR \u2014\u00a0\nWhen three journalists were arrested last week after reporting in territory held by an outlawed rebel group in northeastern Myanmar, government officials were quick to blame the journalists.\nA spokesman for the president\u2019s office told The Associated Press that members of the media have to inform security forces before reporting in conflict zones, and that if they violate any law, \u201che or she will have to face the charge.\u201d\nThe charge in this case is a section of the Unlawful Associations Act, a colonial-era statute that could mean jail sentences of up to three years each for The Irrawaddy reporter Lawi Weng and the Democratic Voice of Burma\u2019s Aye Naing and Pyae Bone Naing.\nThere has been rising concern about the deteriorating state of press freedom in Myanmar and the reluctance of Aung San Suu Kyi\u2019s new government, which came to power last year, to challenge the army over rights abuses.\nBut as the journalists await their first hearing on July 11, media groups are busy poking holes in the legitimacy of the military\u2019s case, arguing the three had been cleared to cross into the territory and the charge makes no sense in connection with coverage of newsworthy events.\nPermission for visit \nAye Chan Naing, the Democratic Voice of Burma\u2019s chief editor, told VOA the journalists were in a convoy to visit the Ta\u2019ang National Liberation Army (TNLA) in northern Shan State late last month when they stopped at a military checkpoint and turned over reporter ID cards and identity documents.\n\u201cAll three journalists who are now in prison, they asked for permission from ... a Burma army checkpoint at Namsahn gate, [the] military gate. And they got the permission from the colonel who was stationed there,\u201d Aye Chan Naing said. \u201cSo they did ask.\u201d\nThe account could not be independently verified, but it could be a crucial point in the defense\u2019s case. Aye Chan Naing believes the journalists ran into a different army unit on the way back. \u201cSo there could be a miscommunication between these two checkpoints,\u201d he said, adding the account comes from two separate sources.\nFour civilians were also arrested, though information about them has been scant.\nRights groups say the charge, article 17/1 of the Unlawful Associations Act, is aimed at putting a wedge between the civilian populace and ethnic armed groups by criminalizing many forms of support for them, including attending meetings and \u201cin any way assisting\u201d their operations. The TNLA is one of several armed organizations fighting for more autonomy in Myanmar, and despite attending peace talks in the capital in May, it has not signed a cease fire agreement with the military.\nFILE - Officers with the Ta\u2019ang National Liberation Army gather in the steep hillside jungles in Mar Wong, a village in northern Shan state, Myanmar.\nAye Chan Naing added it would be difficult to argue the journalists had assisted the cause of the group in any way.\n\u201cWe haven\u2019t even managed to make a story yet after they returned,\u201d he said.\nRarely has the controversial legislation been applied to members of the media, who have been reporting openly and objectively in conflict areas for nearly five years, since Myanmar launched a series of reforms as part of a still-unfinished transition to democratic rule.\nMyint Kyaw, a member of Myanmar\u2019s Press Council, which handles complaints about media coverage, said the organization sent a letter to army leadership pointing out the discrepancies between the charge and the actual purpose of the visit.\n\u201cWe highlighted that the intention of the trip is not to be involved in the armed conflict, and then also not to be involved in any side of the armed conflict with the ethnic groups and the military, just only to get the news, to chase the news,\u201d he said. \u201cAnd then also, since 2012 until now, the local media is always trying to contact the ethnic armed groups, but until now there is no problem or [hardly] any problem at all.\u201d\nThe Committee to Protect Journalists has condemned the arrests and called for the journalists\u2019 immediate release.\nSince Aung San Suu Kyi formed a government in April 2016, freedom of expression has taken a hit in Myanmar, with most cases involving charges of online defamation for articles and Facebook posts that impugn the civilian government or the military.\nWith the arrests in Shan State, media monitors worry about further restrictions on the free flow of information and ideas.\nNo comment \nThe military public information office in the capital, Naypyitaw, declined comment about the case, referring calls to the Press Council.\nBut Myint Kyaw said the Press Council has been unable to reach the army. He said the legal aspects of the case did not matter so much, as the judiciary in Myanmar lacks independence.\n\u201cThat\u2019s why we are worrying about this,\u201d he added.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Officers with the Ta\u2019ang National Liberation Army gather in the steep hillside jungles in Mar Wong, a village in northern Shan state, Myanmar.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/4315A3CA-7521-4D7E-A4E6-FD0CD9EE3185.jpg",
        "id": "24035_2",
        "answer": [
            "Aung San Suu Kyi\u2019s new government"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "army"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_04_3927590",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_04_3927590_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person do whose name is shown on the sign in the image?",
        "context": "Trump's Cuba Shift Leaves Some Obama Policies in Place \nPresident Donald Trump on Friday ordered tighter restrictions on Americans traveling to Cuba and a clampdown on U.S. business dealings with the Caribbean island's military, saying he was canceling former President Barack Obama's \"terrible and misguided deal\" with Havana.\nLaying out his new Cuba policy in a speech in Miami, Trump signed a presidential directive to roll back parts of Obama's historic opening to the Communist-ruled country after a 2014 diplomatic breakthrough between the two former Cold War foes.\nBut Trump left in place many of Obama's changes, including the reopened U.S. embassy in Havana, even as he sought to show he was making good on a campaign promise to take a tougher line against Cuba, especially over its human rights record.\nDiplomatic Relations\nTrump stopped short of breaking diplomatic relations restored in 2015 after more than five decades of hostilities.\nCommercial Flights \nHe will not cut off recently resumed direct U.S.-Cuba commercial flights or cruise-ship travel, though his more restrictive policy seems certain to dampen new economic ties overall.\nBusiness Ventures \nThe administration, according to one White House official, has no intention of disrupting existing business ventures such as one struck under Obama by Starwood Hotels Inc, which is owned by Marriott International Inc, to manage a historic Havana hotel.\nLimits on goods bought in Cuba \nNor does Trump plan to reinstate limits that Obama lifted on the amount of the island's coveted rum and cigars that Americans can bring home for personal use.\nWhile the changes are far-reaching, they appear to be less sweeping than many U.S. pro-engagement advocates had feared.\nStill, it will be the latest attempt by Trump to overturn parts of Obama's presidential legacy. He has already pulled the United States out of a major international climate treaty and is trying to scrap his predecessor's landmark healthcare program.\nU.S. President Barack Obama delivers a speech at the Gran Teatro in Havana, Cuba, March 22, 2016.\nWhen Obama announced the detente in 2014, he said that decades of U.S. efforts to achieve change in Cuba by isolating the island had failed and it was time to try a new approach.\nCritics of the rapprochement said Obama was giving too much away without extracting concessions from the Cuban government. Castro's government has clearly stated it does not intend to change its one-party political system.\nTrump aides say Obama's efforts amounted to \"appeasement\" and have done nothing to advance political freedoms in Cuba, while benefiting the Cuban government financially.\n\"It's hard to think of a policy that makes less sense than the prior administration's terrible and misguided deal with the Castro regime,\" Trump said in Miami, citing the lack of human rights concessions from Cuba in the detente negotiated by Obama.\nInternational human rights groups say, however, that again isolating the island could worsen the situation by empowering Cuban hard-liners. The Cuban government has made clear it will not be pressured into reforms in exchange for engagement.\nNo comment from government, citizens disappointed\nThe Cuban government had no immediate comment, but ordinary Cubans said they were crestfallen to be returning to an era of frostier relations with the United States with potential economic fallout for them.\n\"It's going to really hurt me because the majority of my clients are from the United States,\" said Enrique Montoto, 61, who rents rooms on U.S. online home-rental marketplace Airbnb, which expanded into Cuba in 2015.\nTrump announced his new approach at the Manuel Artime Theater in Little Havana, the heart of the United States' Cuban-American and Cuban exile community. The venue is named after a leader of the failed U.S.-backed Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba in 1961 against Fidel Castro's revolutionary government.\n",
        "caption": "Ana Lacayo, (L) and Barbara Jimino, both of Miami, show their support for U.S. President Donald Trump near the Manuel Artime Theater in Miami, Florida, June 16, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/96DC591C-3D9D-4D77-B0DE-A8F2CDB4648B.jpg",
        "id": "26691_1",
        "answer": [
            "left in place many of Obama's changes"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_16_3903855",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_16_3903855_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person on the decal in the image going to do?",
        "context": "Russian Capital\u2019s Residents Resist Massive Demolition Plan\nMOSCOW \u2014\u00a0\nThousands of Moscow residents protested this month against plans to move more than a million people if their apartments, built during the 1950\u2019s era of Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev, are torn down. \nRussian authorities say some 8,000 short-story buildings are in disrepair, and promise to find or build the residents better apartments. While some living in crumbling buildings celebrate, many Muscovites are skeptical and suspect corruption.\nFamilies like Elmira Shagiakhmetova\u2019s have lived in their home for generations. They are shocked that it may be demolished. \n\u201cI\u2019ll be here until the bulldozers start,\u201d says Elmira. \u201cI am not going to leave as by the (Russian) Constitution I have the right to stay in my property. This building is not falling apart.\u201d\nPeople gather for a rally in Moscow, Russia, May 14, 2017.\nFamily home \nFor Elmira and her mother, Galina, their modest but recently-refurbished two bedroom apartment is a home full of memories. \u201cWe moved here in \u201979 and it\u2019s the place where my children were born, lived and their conscious experience started,\u201d says Galina. \u201cIt\u2019s my history and my memory.\u201d\nGalina moved out some years ago and her husband passed away. But the apartment is still their family home.\n\u201cWhen my father was still alive we celebrated his 50th birthday,\u201d says Elmira describing the scene as she sits in the same living room. \u201cSo many people came to congratulate him that we couldn't find seats for them all in one room. So the tables continued into the corridor. And I remember this because then I understood how important it was to have a home that would hold all your friends together.\u201d\nPeople gather for a rally in Moscow, Russia, May 14, 2017.\nPublic uproar\nAfter a public uproar, Moscow guaranteed the residents better apartments in the same areas or 'appropriate' financial compensation. City authorities removed about half the buildings from a demolition list, including Elmira\u2019s, and say they now will be razed only if more than two-thirds of residents agree. Those living in Elmira\u2019s building are to take a vote at the end of May.\nBut, like many Muscovites resisting the plan, Galina and Elmira suspect corruption as their building was not even inspected before its supposed need for demolition was announced. \u201cYou know, a special commission should work and declare the building dangerous to live in,\u201d says Galina. \u201cWe have not seen such a commission ever here. So by many indications we may judge that it is not the people who are most important, but the location.\u201d\nElmira agrees. \u201cThe draft (law) that's debated now is not about improvement of the living conditions, it's about overriding the rights of property owners,\u201d she says. \u201cIt allows the authorities to get the land on which the houses stand free and to strip off the owners of their right to own and defend their property.\u201d\nA man displays a sticker on his head with portrait of Moscow mayor Sergei Sobyanin reading 'Enough!', as people gather for a rally in Moscow, Russia, May 14, 2017.\nNo comment \nThe Moscow mayor\u2019s office did not respond to VOA\u2019s request for a TV interview with a spokesperson on the issue or written replies to submitted questions. \nRussian media reports quoted Moscow Mayor Sergei Sobyanin saying he was prepared to take unpopular moves if he felt it was best for the city and people. \nRussia\u2019s parliament is still drafting the final legislation for the Moscow renovation plan. Russian President Vladimir Putin has said the law should not violate property rights or he would not sign it.\nFor families like Elmira\u2019s, the controversy has moved them - for the first time - to protest against the state. If authorities fail to satisfy Russians in the capital, they risk growing opposition at the polls in next year\u2019s key presidential and mayoral elections. \nRicardo Marquina Montanana contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "A man displays a sticker on his head with portrait of Moscow mayor Sergei Sobyanin reading 'Enough!', as people gather for a rally in Moscow, Russia, May 14, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D6180181-7750-4CE3-81E0-03429442E03A.jpg",
        "id": "24253_3",
        "answer": [
            "take unpopular moves"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Sergei Sobyanin"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_22_3864834",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_22_3864834_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the leader of the place the people in the image are in do?",
        "context": "Students Jeer US Education Secretary at University Ceremony in Florida\nStudents at a university in Florida booed and jeered Education Secretary Betsy DeVos as she tried to speak during their graduation ceremony Wednesday.\nBethune-Cookman University President Edison Jackson warned students to be quiet, to little effect.\n\"If this behavior continues, your degrees will be mailed to you,\" he told students at the commencement ceremony in Daytona Beach.\nBethune-Cookman traces its history to 1904 and is one of the oldest institutions among U.S. historically black colleges and universities \u2014 schools where African-American students make up a large proportion of the student body.\nBoos rang out before DeVos stepped to a podium to speak Wednesday, but she began by telling the hundreds of students she hoped they could disagree respectfully.\n\"Let's choose to hear one another out,'' DeVos said, reading her prepared text in a measured tone despite continuing waves of boos, catcalls and scattered applause.\nSecretary of Education Betsy DeVos delivers a commencement speech to graduates at Bethune-Cookman University in Daytona Beach, Fla., May 10, 2017.\nProtests continued even after Jackson demanded an end to the demonstration. Many of the graduates stood and turned their backs to DeVos as she spoke \u2014 about half of the nearly 400 people receiving degrees this term, according to reports from the scene.\nOpposition to nomination\nDeVos' conservative Republican background and strong views on educational policy attracted strong opposition when President Donald Trump named her to his Cabinet this year. Many African-Americans objected to her comment during Senate confirmation hearings that historically black colleges were the \"real pioneers when it comes to school choice\" \u2014 a reference to her belief that parents and students in the American system of public education should be able to choose between state-run elementary and secondary schools and alternative schools sponsored by churches or other nonpublic groups supported by public funds.\nA protester is escorted out of commencement exercises during a speech by Education Secretary Betsy DeVos at Bethune-Cookman University in Daytona Beach, Florida, May 10, 2017.\nAfrican-American educators and students said DeVos' views were misdirected, because historically black colleges and universities, known as HBCUs, became established as a response to systems of racial segregation widely practiced in the United States during the first half of the 20th century and earlier.\nThe HBCUs, protesters said, were \"born not out of mere choice, but out of necessity, in the face of racism.''\nJackson, Bethune-Cookman's president, had been accused of selling out the school by offering DeVos an honorary doctoral degree and inviting her to address the student body.\nProtesters delivered a petition signed by thousands of people urging the university to revoke the invitation to the education secretary, but Jackson refused.\n",
        "caption": "A group of students stand and turn their backs during a commencement exercise speech by U.S. Secretary of Education Betsy DeVos at Bethune-Cookman University in Daytona Beach, Florida, May 10, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/1F479945-C9EC-411D-83B3-B0C5EDBE21F6.jpg",
        "id": "33367_1_2",
        "answer": [
            "offering DeVos an honorary doctoral degree"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Bethune-Cookman"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_10_3846697",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_10_3846697_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What have the people in the image been pelted by?",
        "context": "Venezuela Prosecutor Charges Ex-national Guard Chief with Human Rights Violations\nCARACAS \u2014\u00a0\nVenezuela's renegade chief prosecutor charged the former head of the country's national guard Thursday with systemically violating human rights during three months of anti-government protests that have left nearly 80 people dead.\nLuisa Ortega Diaz's office announced the charges against Antonio Benavides Torres a day after the nation's Supreme Court declared it was barring her from leaving Venezuela and ordering her bank accounts frozen.\nOrtega Diaz, a longtime loyalist of the socialist government who recently broke ranks with President Nicolas Maduro, said police and military officials are responsible for 23 protest deaths to date as well as 853 injuries.\n\u201cIn a great number of these incidents, there is evidence of excessive use of force in repressing protests,\u201d Venezuela's Public Ministry said in a statement, citing the use of unauthorized firearms and torture of those apprehended.\nDemonstrators march against the government during protests in Caracas, Venezuela, Thursday, June 29, 2017. Demonstrators are taking to the streets after three months of continued protests against the government of President Nicolas Maduro.\nMotions challenge Maduro\nThe charges are likely to further escalate tensions between Maduro and Ortega Diaz, who has become one the president's most vocal critics. She has filed numerous motions to the government-packed Supreme Court challenging Maduro's call for a special assembly to rewrite Venezuela's constitution, all of which have been rejected. Meanwhile, the Supreme Court is proceeding with a complaint filed against her by socialist party lawmaker Pedro Carreno.\nMaduro announced he was replacing Benavides Torres last week and instead assigning him as government head of the capital district.\nOpposition protests demanding new elections and decrying Venezuela's triple-digit inflation, food shortages and worsening crime are continuing to rock the nation as Maduro pushes forward with his plan to draft a new constitution.\nOn a near daily basis, national guardsmen and police have launched tear gas and rubber bullets at demonstrators, some of whom have responded with rocks and firebombs. The United States, European Union, Canada and others have urged the government refrain from using force against protesters. But protester deaths and injuries have steadily risen, nearly doubling the number of people killed during Venezuela's last wave of political unrest in 2014.\n'Colectivos' blamed\nThe figures released by Ortega Diaz's office Thursday indicate police and military officers are responsible for about a quarter of the deaths.\nOpposition leaders also blame armed pro-government groups known as \u201ccolectivos\u201d for the violence, while Maduro's administration insists criminal gangs contracted by right-wing political groups are responsible for the bloodshed.\nBenavides Torres was one of seven Venezuelan officials sanctioned by then U.S. President Barack Obama in 2015 for allegedly violating human rights against protesters during the 2014 demonstrations that left 43 people dead.\nPower of ombudsman expanded\nOn Tuesday, the Supreme Court issued a ruling broadening the powers of staunchly pro-government ombudsman Tarek William Saab, allowing him to carry out criminal investigations that are the exclusive prerogative of Ortega Diaz.\nA defiant Ortega Diaz said she wouldn't recognize the ruling, which she portrayed as a brazen attempt to eliminate her position as Venezuela's top law enforcement official.\n\u201cThese rulings are giving the power to investigate human rights abuses to people who possibly are violating those rights,\u201d she said.\nThe ruling came on the same evening that authorities say police investigator Oscar Perez stole a police helicopter and flew it over the Supreme Court and Interior Ministry while firing at the buildings. Maduro characterized it as a \u201cterrorist attack.\u201d\nHelicopter recovered\nWitnesses said the helicopter had hanging from its side a large banner referring to article 350 of the country's constitution, which empowers Venezuelans to disobey any regime that violates human rights.\nThere was relatively little damage to the buildings and no one was injured.\nOn his Instagram account, Perez, a police pilot and budding action movie actor, posted a video in which he read a manifesto calling for rebellion. He claimed to speak on behalf of a coalition of renegade members of the security forces, though there was no indication of a larger military involvement.\nAuthorities found Perez's helicopter in the northern state of Vargas on Wednesday afternoon and a nationwide manhunt continued for him Thursday.\n",
        "caption": "Demonstrators march against the government during protests in Caracas, Venezuela, Thursday, June 29, 2017. Demonstrators are taking to the streets after three months of continued protests against the government of President Nicolas Maduro.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/5B8C3F45-C29E-485A-80F0-1C49DFC4B104.jpg",
        "id": "9309_2",
        "answer": [
            "tear gas and rubber bullets"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "demonstrators",
            "Demonstrators"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_29_3922007",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_29_3922007_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What have residences like the one in the image experienced?",
        "context": "Human Rights Group Warns of Rising Violence in Rio de Janeiro\nRIO DE JANEIRO \u2014\u00a0\nAmnesty International on Thursday warned of growing violence across Brazil, particularly killings by police as law enforcement and criminals battle over turf in Rio de Janeiro, the country's second-biggest city.\nIn a report to the United Nations, which periodically monitors violence in conflict zones and other troubled areas worldwide, the human rights group highlighted the recent spike in killings by Rio police \u2014 182 in the first two months of the year, or 78 percent more than a year earlier.\n\u201cBrazil has not taken enough steps to tackle the shocking levels of human rights violations across the country, including soaring police homicide rates,\u201d Jurema Werneck, Amnesty's director in Brazil, said in a statement.\nPeople loot a truck allegedly set on fire by drug traffickers in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Tuesday, May 2, 2017. Several public buses and cargo trucks were torched in Rio de Janeiro on Tuesday.\nCrime on the rise after budget cuts\nThe criticism comes as public security forces, grappling with budget cuts after two years of recession in Latin America's biggest country, also contend with rebounding crime.\nIn Rio, where the state government last year slashed the public security budget by more than a third, criminal gangs are battling for lucrative access to drug routes and sales points.\nGangs are also fighting to take back turf that police had occupied in the runup to the 2014 World Cup and the 2016 Olympics, both of which Rio hosted.\nClashes between police and criminals in recent months have led to prolonged firefights and multiple deaths \u2014 in slums and rich neighborhoods alike. Earlier this week, criminals torched buses and a truck in Rio's outskirts, crippling traffic after a police raid.\nAuthorities have long recognized abuses among law enforcement but had in recent years successfully cut down on police violence.\n\u201cRespect for human rights is enshrined in Brazilian law,\u201d General Carlos Alberto Santos Cruz, national secretary for public security, told reporters in Rio on Thursday. \u201cWhen you train someone in public security the principal of respect for human rights is fundamental.\u201d\nDozens of guns seized by police \nSecurity and human rights experts, however, say Brazil falls far short of those principles.\nAfter police apprehended dozens of large-caliber guns following the raid this week, law enforcement hailed the seizure as a great success. But many are troubled that the guns, and the violent backdrop to the seizures, exist to begin with.\n\u201cMaybe that sort of seizure is a good thing in a war zone or a country of great instability,\u201d said Paulo Storani, a former police commander who now is a security consultant. \u201cBut here it reflects a failure of government and policy.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "Policemen take up positions during an operation in Alemao slums complex, after violent clashes between policemen and drug dealers in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil May 4, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/AC837DE5-E3DB-450B-A74E-D618F81A954C.jpg",
        "id": "30638_1_1",
        "answer": [
            "prolonged firefights and multiple deaths"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "slums"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_04_3838343",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_04_3838343_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who did the person in the left of the image contact?",
        "context": "Just One Month In, US President, Aides Face Multiple Investigations\nU.S. President Donald Trump has been in office for a month, but the number of investigations of his new administration and its actions is mounting.\nIt is not just opposition Democrats trying to uncover the inner workings and thinking of the new administration in Washington, but also Republican colleagues of the billionaire real estate mogul turned politician and government investigators who are raising questions about his actions and those of his aides.\nThe most significant of the probes concerns contacts between Trump aides and Russian officials. At first, congressional committees and the country's chief investigative agency, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, were only sorting through the details behind the U.S. intelligence community's conclusion last year that Russia meddled in the run-up to November's U.S. presidential election in an effort to help Trump win.\nFILE - Russian President Vladimir Putin (R) sits next to retired U.S. Army Lieutenant General Michael Flynn (L) as they attend an exhibition marking the 10th anniversary of RT (Russia Today) television news channel in Moscow, Russia, Dec.10, 2015.\nFlynn - Russia contacts \nBut those probes deepened following the forced resignation last week of former Army general Michael Flynn as Trump's national security adviser. Trump said he had demanded the resignation because Flynn misled Vice President Mike Pence about his phone conversations with the Russian ambassador to Washington in the weeks before Trump assumed power on January 20.\n\"The thing is, he didn't tell our vice president properly, and then he said he didn't remember,\" Trump said at a White House news conference. \"So either way, it wasn't very satisfactory to me.\"\nTrump laid the blame for Flynn's downfall on U.S. intelligence agencies for \"illegally\" disclosing the content of calls between Flynn and Ambassador Sergey Kislyak to news outlets. Unidentified officials were quoted saying the transcripts showed the two men discussing sanctions imposed on Russia by former President Barack Obama in late December for Moscow's meddling in the U.S. election aimed at helping Trump win.\nFlynn had led Pence and other Trump aides to believe there had been been no such talk about the Obama sanctions, with Pence then publicly relating the erroneous information on a news talk show.\nTrump denied that he had directed Flynn to discuss the sanctions with Kislyak, but added, \"I would have.\" The president said Flynn was doing his job to make contact with foreign officials ahead of the new administration taking power.\nWhile several congressional panels, chiefly the intelligence committees in both the Senate and House of Representatives, are looking into those and other alleged contacts between Trump aides and Russia, the chairman of the House's main investigative committee has asked the U.S. Justice Department to launch an investigation into the leaks surrounding the Flynn-Kislyak calls.\n\"We have serious concerns about the potential inadequate protection of classified information here,\" said Utah congressman Jason Chaffetz. \"In light of this, we request that your office begin an immediate investigation into whether classified information was mishandled here.\"\nCounselor to President Donald Trump Kellyanne Conway speaks during a television interview with the White House in the background, in Washington, Feb. 9, 2017.\nConway - Ivanka clothing line\nChaffetz has also agreed with Democrats that the Office of Government Ethics should investigate a Trump aide, Kellyanne Conway, for her blatant pitch from the White House briefing room in which she promoted clothing and fashion accessories sold by Trump's daughter, Ivanka -- a violation of a longstanding ethics rule. The ethics office recently suggested to the White House that it could discipline Conway for the incident, for which the White House said she had been \"counseled.\"\n\"What she did was wrong, wrong, wrong,\" Chaffetz said.\nPresident Donald Trump, third from right, and first lady Melania Trump, hidden at left, sit down to dinner with Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, third from left, and his wife Akie Abe, right, at Mar-a-Lago in Palm Beach, Florida, Feb. 10, 2017.\nNorth Korea missile launch - Mar-a-Lago \nIn addition, Chaffetz has asked the White House to explain why Trump discussed and viewed documents concerning a North Korean missile test with Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe at Trump's Atlantic oceanfront mansion in Florida while nearby diners watched in fascination and captured the scene with their cellphone cameras. Trump said the two were only discussing details of what to say at a press conference on the missile test, but critics say they should have retreated to a secure room out of sight.\nSo far, however, Chaffetz has rebuffed calls by Democrats for a wholesale investigation of Trump's vast business links across the globe and the potential for conflicts with his presidential actions. Even as he has retained ownership of hotels, resorts, golf courses and consumer product ventures, the new president has turned over control of the businesses to his adult sons, Eric and Donald Trump Jr.\nFILE - The Trump International Hotel at 1100 Pennsylvania Ave. NW, in Washington, Dec. 21, 2016.\nTrump International Hotel \nChaffetz has asked the government's building management agency for an explanation of Trump's lease of the Old Post Office Building in Washington, just blocks from the White House, which he turned into a luxury hotel. U.S. regulations prohibit elected officials from holding leases on government property.\nThe congressional panels probing the Flynn-Kislyak contacts may expand the scope of their investigations to consider the finding of American law enforcement and intelligence agencies, leaked to the New York Times, that Trump aides had frequent contacts with Russian intelligence officials during his 2016 presidential campaign. Leaders of the Senate Intelligence Committee have called for the White House to preserve any records that could bear on the investigation.\nTrump said the Times report was \"discredited,\" and an example of \"fake reporting.\" He said he knew of no contacts between his presidential campaign and Russian officials.\n\"I own nothing in Russia,\" he said, \"I have no loans in Russia. I have no deals in Russia.\"\nThe top Senate Democrat, Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, said, \"It is now readily apparent that General Flynn's resignation is not the end of the story. It is merely the beginning of a much longer story.\"\nA Republican, Tennessee Senator Bob Corker said, \"Russia's the elephant in the room. That's what we need to be dealing with.\"`\nInformation leaks \nDuring his long run to the White House, Trump declared \"I love WikiLeaks,\" as the anti-secrecy group disclosed thousands of emails from the computer of the campaign chief of Democrat Hillary Clinton, the former U.S. secretary of state Trump defeated in the November election. The emails depicted embarrassing behind-the-scenes maneuvering by Democratic operatives to help Clinton secure the party's presidential nomination.\nPresident Donald Trump speaks during a news conference, Feb. 16, 2017, in the East Room of the White House in Washington.\nTrump, at his 77-minute news conference, said the WikiLeaks disclosures were different because they were not classified material, as was the content of the Flynn-Kislyak calls.\nTrump has regularly assailed the leaks surrounding the Flynn-Kislyak calls, rather than the content of them, in his almost daily commentary on his Twitter social media account.\n\"Leaking, and even illegal classified leaking, has been a big problem in Washington for years,\" he said, demanding that the \"failing New York Times (and others) must apologize!\"\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;Information is being illegally given to the failing \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/nytimes\\\"\\u0026gt;@nytimes\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt; \\u0026amp;amp; \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/washingtonpost\\\"\\u0026gt;@washingtonpost\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt; by the intelligence community (NSA and FBI?).Just like Russia\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/831840306161123328\\\"\\u0026gt;February 15, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nIn a second tweet, he added, \"The spotlight has finally been put on the low-life leakers! They will be caught!\"\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;The spotlight has finally been put on the low-life leakers! They will be caught!\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/832198588201594880\\\"\\u0026gt;February 16, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nLater in the week, he branded the U.S. news media as \"the enemy of the American people.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Russian President Vladimir Putin (R) sits next to retired U.S. Army Lieutenant General Michael Flynn (L) as they attend an exhibition marking the 10th anniversary of RT (Russia Today) television news channel in Moscow, Russia, Dec.10, 2015.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/13C7AF50-8B7E-46F1-BBF4-9E4FD51E12A3.jpg",
        "id": "4705_2",
        "answer": [
            "Ambassador Sergey Kislyak"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Flynn"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_21_3733754",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_21_3733754_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What things did the people in the image recover?",
        "context": "Driver Killed After Car Rams Police Van in Paris\nA man was killed after driving a car packed with explosives into a police van in Paris's popular Champs Elysees shopping district Monday, police said.\nNo one else was injured in the crash. Officials called it a deliberate attack.\nThe 31-year-old man was known to authorities as being potentially linked to extremism, early reports said.\nA bomb squad is securing the scene, an Interior Ministry spokesman said. Police added that a Kalashnikov rifle, handguns, and gas bottles were also found in the car.\nFrance's counter-terrorism prosecutor has opened an investigation into the incident.\nFrance's Interior Minister Gerard Collomb said the incident proved that France's state of emergency in the face of terror attacks should be extended. The state of emergency has been in place since 2015 and is set to expire next month, but Collomb said he will be presenting a bill to further extend it until November.\nAs news of the incident unfolded, police had advised the public to avoid the area on Twitter and cordoned off an area near the presidential palace.\n/*<![CDATA[*/\ninitInfographics(\n{\ngroups:[],\nparams:[{\"Name\":\"embed_html\",\"Value\":\"\\u0026lt;blockquote class=\\\"twitter-tweet\\\" data-lang=\\\"en\\\"\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;p dir=\\\"ltr\\\" lang=\\\"fr\\\"\\u0026gt;\ud83d\udd34 \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/Champs%C3%89lys%C3%A9es?src=hash\\\"\\u0026gt;#Champs\u00c9lys\u00e9es\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt; Situation ma\u00eetris\u00e9e, pas de bless\u00e9 parmi les forces de l%27ordre et le public\\u0026lt;/p\\u0026gt;\u2014 Pr\u00e9fecture de police (@prefpolice) \\u0026lt;a href=\\\"https://twitter.com/prefpolice/status/876810507403096064\\\"\\u0026gt;June 19, 2017\\u0026lt;/a\\u0026gt;\\u0026lt;/blockquote\\u0026gt;\",\"DefaultValue\":\"\",\"HtmlEncode\":false,\"Type\":\"HTML\"}],\nisMobile:true\n});\n(function (d) {\nvar userInput = Infographics.Param[\"embed_html\"],\nthisSnippet = (d.getElementsByClassName ? d.getElementsByClassName(\"twitterSnippet\") : d.querySelectorAll(\".twitterSnippet\"))[0],\nrender = function () {\nvar eval, bquote, sId = \"twitterAPIForSnippet\";\ntry {\neval = document.createElement(\"div\");\neval.innerHTML = userInput;\n} catch (e) {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code is invalid or incomplete.\";\nreturn;\n}\nbquote = eval.childNodes[0];\nif (bquote.tagName.toLowerCase() === \"blockquote\" && bquote.className.indexOf(\"twitter\") !== -1) { //remove everything except paragraphs and links\nvar all = bquote.getElementsByTagName(\"*\");\nfor (var i = all.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nvar elm = all[i];\nvar tag = elm.tagName.toLowerCase();\nif (tag !== \"a\" && tag !== \"p\")\nall[i].parentNode.removeChild(all[i]);\n}\n} else {\nthisSnippet.innerHTML = \"Twitter Embed Code does not contain proper Twitter blockquote.\";\nreturn;\n}\nif (!window.twttr && !d.getElementById(sId)) { //async request Twitter API\nvar js, firstJs = d.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0];\njs = d.createElement(\"script\");\njs.id = sId;\njs.src = \"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\";\nfirstJs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, firstJs);\n}\nthisSnippet.parentNode.style.width = \"100%\";\nthisSnippet.appendChild(bquote);\nvar renderTweets = function () {\nif (window.twttr && window.twttr.widgets) {\nwindow.twttr.widgets.load();\nwindow.twttr.events.bind(\"rendered\", function (e) {\n//fix twitter bug rendering multiple embeds per tweet. Can be deleted after Twitter fix the issue\nif (e.target) {\nvar par = e.target.parentElement;\nif (par && par.className === \"twitterSnippetProcessed\" &&\ne.target.previousSibling && e.target.previousSibling.nodeName.toLowerCase() === \"iframe\") {\n//this is duplicate embed, delete it\npar.removeChild(e.target);\n}\n}\n});\n}\n}\nrenderTweets();\n};\nthisSnippet.className = \"twitterSnippetProcessed\";\nrender();\n//if (d.readyState === \"uninitialized\" || d.readyState === \"loading\")\n// window.addEventListener(\"load\", render);\n//else //liveblog, ajax\n// render();\n})(document);\nLast April, ahead of the presidential vote in France, a gunman killed one policeman and wounded two others on the same world-famous street, popular among residents and tourists alike for its fashionable shops and restaurants. Islamic State claimed responsibility for that attack.\n",
        "caption": "Police vehicles prevent the access to the Champs Elysees avenue in Paris, France, June 19, 2017. Paris officials say : Suspected attacker 'downed' after driving into police car on Champs-Elysees. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B30264C9-0A92-4767-A152-D24584DE97A0.jpg",
        "id": "20074_1",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "Kalashnikov rifle, handguns, and gas bottles",
            "a Kalashnikov rifle, handguns, and gas bottles"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Police"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_19_3906439",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_19_3906439_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What has the thing that caused the damage in the image done?",
        "context": "Fighting, Red Tape Prevent Humanitarian Aid Deliveries in Syria\nGENEVA \u2014\u00a0\nA Senior United Nations official says intense fighting in Syria and bureaucratic red tape are impeding the delivery of desperately needed humanitarian assistance to hundreds of thousands of people trapped in besieged areas.\nU.N. Special Envoy for Syria Jan Egeland says the United Nations has been unable to deliver food, medicine and other essential items to some 600,000 people in 12 besieged areas for the past 40 days. He says it also is extremely difficult to reach millions of others in so-called hard-to-reach areas.\nFILE - U.N. Special Advisor for Syria Jan Egeland attends a news conference after a meeting at the United Nations in Geneva, Switzerland, Dec. 1, 2016.\nHe says the situation is being made even more difficult due to three very worrying developments connected to war. He says tens of thousands of civilians are trapped in Raqqa, where a ferocious battle to retake the city from Islamic State militants is being waged.\n\u201cThe attacking forces are now closing in on Raqqa city,\" he said. \"There is intense bombardment from the air and it is very hard for civilians to get out of Raqqa. There are reports that air attacks cause civilian casualties and that it has made it hard for civilians to flee.\u201d\nSyrian Democratic Forces (SDF) fighters head to Raqqa, Syria, June 6, 2017.\nEgeland adds that ruthless tactics by IS militants also are preventing civilians from leaving. At the same time, he says increased airstrikes on the southern city of Daara are preventing aid from reaching civilians there.\nAnother obstacle to the delivery of humanitarian assistance, he says, is a dangerous outbreak of polio in the city of Deir Ezzor, which is surrounded by IS fighters.\nHe says efforts are underway to bring polio vaccines into the city so that a mass immunization campaign to stop the spread of the crippling disease can begin.\nEgeland says the U.N. has trucks ready, warehouses full of relief items, and courageous humanitarian workers ready to deliver aid to women, children and men. Unfortunately, he says bureaucratic impediments, lack of permits, and infighting among groups are preventing the aid operation from going ahead.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - This undated frame grab from video posted online May 29, 2017, by the Aamaq News Agency, a media arm of the Islamic State group, shows people inspecting damage from airstrikes and artillery shelling in the northern Syrian city of Raqqa.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/0176ACE3-780A-475A-86EC-E2AED1CDF465.jpg",
        "id": "19070_1",
        "answer": [
            "preventing aid from reaching civilians there"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "airstrikes"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_15_3901757",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_15_3901757_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What would have prevented the death of the person on the poster in the image?",
        "context": "Rights Groups, Nobel Commission Express Regret Over Liu's Death\nU.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson is calling for China to release Liu Xiaobo's widow from house arrest Thursday.\n\"I call on the Chinese government to release Liu Xia from house arrest and allow her to depart China, according to her wishes,\" he said in a statement hours after the Nobel Laureate's death.\n\"In his fight for freedom, equality, and constitutional rule in China, Liu Xiaobo embodied the human spirit that the Nobel Prize rewards. In his death, he has only reaffirmed the Nobel Committee\u2019s selection,\" Tillerson added.\nThis undated video grab obtained on July 11, 2017, shows Chinese Nobel Laureate Liu Xiaobo (C) surrounded by doctors and his wife Liu Xia at an undisclosed location.\nLiu, a Chinese a literary critic-turned-dissident and pro-democracy advocate, died Thursday at age 61 following a high-profile battle with liver cancer.\n\"I join Secretary Tillerson in mourning the death of Liu Xiaobo, a courageous advocate who dedicated his life to the pursuit of democracy and liberty,\" U.S. ambassador to China Terry Branstad said.\n\"China has lost a deeply principled role model who deserved our respect and adulation, not the prison sentences to which he was subjected. We again ask that China release Liu Xia from house arrest, and permit her and her family to travel as they wish,\" he added. \"As we mourn the loss and celebrate the life of this remarkable man, we call on China to release all prisoners of conscience and to respect the fundamental freedoms of all. \nThe leader of the Norwegian Nobel committee said Thursday the Chinese government bore a \"heavy responsibility\" for his death.\n\"We find it deeply disturbing that Liu Xiaobo was not transferred to a facility where he could receive adequate medical treatment before he became terminally ill,\" said Berit Reiss-Anderssen. \"The Chinese Government bears a heavy responsibility for his premature death,\" she said in an emailed statement.\nRights groups were quick to praise his achievements and legacy while calling on the international community to investigate deaths in captivity and work to prevent them.\n\u201cEven as Liu Xiaobo\u2019s illness worsened, the Chinese government continued to isolate him and his family, and denied him freely choosing his medical treatment,\u201d said Sophie Richardson, China director for Human Rights Watch. \u201cThe Chinese government\u2019s arrogance, cruelty, and callousness are shocking \u2013 but Liu\u2019s struggle for a rights-respecting, democratic China will live on.\u201d\nThe U.N. Human Rights chief expressed \"deep sorrow\" over Liu's death, saying the human rights movement has lost a \"principled champion\".\nHouse minority leader Nancy Pelosi also expressed her condolences for Liu and disappointment with the Chinese government's handling of his illness.\n\"The world grieves loss of one of the great moral voices of our time. We had hoped that the Chinese ... they mistreated him in prison, contributed to his illness, we would hope that they would allow him to leave the country to receive medical care,\" she said, \"They did not. It is a sad day.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Chairman of the Norwegian Nobel Committee Thorbjoern Jagland looks down at the Nobel certificate and medal on the empty chair where this year's Nobel Peace Prize winner jailed Chinese dissident Liu Xiaobo would have sat, as a portrait of Liu is seen in the background, during the ceremony at Oslo City Hall, Dec. 10, 2010. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F64FE5E1-046B-4CAF-A8F8-37C542FD9D7E.jpg",
        "id": "14357_1",
        "answer": [
            "a facility where he could receive adequate medical treatment",
            "transferred to a facility where he could receive adequate medical treatment",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Liu Xiaobo"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_13_3942723",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_13_3942723_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What quantity of the people in the image became the new standard?",
        "context": "Experts Divided Over Trump Administration Plans for US in Afghanistan\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nPresident Donald Trump has said nothing publicly about his plans for U.S. forces in Afghanistan, but last week the Taliban reached out to him.\nIn an open letter the group released to the news media, a spokesman called for Trump to abandon what he called a \u201cfutile\u201d and \u201cunwinnable\u201d war.\nPresident Trump barely talked about Afghanistan and Pakistan during his election campaign, even though both countries are longtime U.S. foreign policy priorities, receiving billions of dollars in aid.\nAt a time of increasing concern over the Afghan Taliban's rising influence, and the growth of other militant groups including the Islamic State, foreign policy experts are divided over what the new administration will do about a conflict that has now become the responsibility of a third American president.\nLeaving decisions for Trump\nOutgoing President Barack Obama said his successor would determine the next U.S. move.\n\u201cAs president and commander-in-chief I have made it clear that I will not allow Afghanistan to be used as a safe haven to attack our nation again,\u201d Obama said in July of last year. \u201cInstead of going down to 5,500 troops by the end of this year [2016], the United States will maintain approximately 8,400 troops in Afghanistan into next year through the end of my administration.\u201d\nThe president cited the \"precarious situation\" in Afghanistan and \"Taliban threat\" as a reason behind his decision.\nBut foreign policy experts have mixed predictions about the decisions a Trump administration may make.\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nAfghanistan-Pakistan Policy in the Trump Administration\nShare this video\n0:02:16\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:16\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 6.3MB\n360p | 9.2MB\n720p | 52.4MB\n1080p | 37.0MB\n\"If the new administration really wants to make progress in Afghanistan, they have to do something about the Taliban and Haqqani network sanctuaries that are still inside Pakistan,\u201d Lisa Curtis, senior research fellow of Asian Studies Center at Heritage Foundation, said. \nCurtis is optimistic about continued U.S. engagement in Afghanistan.\n\u201cWe can expect that the new administration will judge and form its new strategy towards Afghanistan based on the actual conditions on the ground rather than domestic political timelines which we saw the Obama administration do,\u201d Curtis added.\nFormer ambassador to Afghanistan and Assistant Secretary of State for Economic and Business Affairs, Earl Anthony Wayne, agrees with Curtis about avoiding timelines.\n\u201cMany of us who have worked on Afghanistan and remain deeply committed to the work that has gone out there hope that we will see an enduring partnership emerge and a commitment without timelines,\u201d Wayne said. \nTrump might focus on Pakistan\nSome scholars suggest the Trump administration may shift its focus towards Pakistan. During the election campaign candidate Trump said the situation in Pakistan, not Afghanistan, is the region\u2019s main security problem.\n\u201cWe know that Trump hasn\u2019t said a lot about Afghanistan during the campaign or after the election but what he said about the region makes it sound like he is primarily interested in the strategic problems related to Pakistan,\u201d said Rebecca Zimmerman, a policy researcher at Rand Corporation.\nFILE - U.S. troops attend to a wounded soldier at the site of a blast in Kabul, Afghanistan, June 30, 2015. In an open letter, the Taliban has called on the Trump administration to abandon the war in Afghaistan, calling it \u201cfutile\u201d and \u201cunwinnable.\u201d\nBut Thomas H. Johnson, director of the Naval Postgraduate School\u2019s Program for Cultural and Conflict studies warns against that.\n\u201cHis initial conversation with Pakistan\u2019s Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif was very strange and his eventual policies towards Pakistan will have a significant impact on his Afghan policies,\u201d Johnson said.\nJohnson added that given his statements concerning NATO, Germany and other traditional American security instruments and allies, the past polices may mean little to the new U.S. president.\nProminent Pakistani journalist and author Ahmed Rashid says, \u201cWhat you have now is a much more complicated regional situation with the Taliban also getting backing from Iran. They are in talks with Russia. They have been in talks with China. You have many more regional players involved.\"\nAnthony Cordesman, national security analyst at the Center for Strategic and International Studies also believes Pakistan is not the only country the United States should be concerned about when it comes to dealing with Afghanistan.\nHe says the situation in Afghanistan is deteriorating, \u201cI think we are looking at a year which is going to be another year of very serious fighting. There is very little immediate prospect that you are going to have the kind of negotiations that would actually have a major impact or a predictable impact.\"\nPakistan urged to do more\nIn their defense, Pakistan\u2019s military and civilian leaders have argued that they have sacrificed in the war against terror and have paid with blood and treasure.\nU.S. officials continue to assert that Pakistan could do more.\n\u201cWe have seen progress. We have seen them take some steps to address these safe heavens, but clearly the problem persists and it is something, which is part of our ongoing conversation with Pakistan,\u201d said U.S. State Department spokesperson Mark Toner.\nFILE - Taliban fighters react to a speech by their senior leader in the Shindand district of Herat province, Afghanistan, May 27, 2016. Experts are predicting another year of violence in Afghanistan.\nScott Worden, director of Center for Asia at the U.S. Institute of Peace says Pakistan has to be convinced.\n\u201cI think there needs to be both carrot and sticks. There needs to be pressure on Pakistan to change some of its strategic calculations so that it supports better in the Afghan peace process, but at the same time Pakistan is not going to do that unless it sees benefits or opportunities.\"\n",
        "caption": "FILE - U.S. troops attend to a wounded soldier at the site of a blast in Kabul, Afghanistan, June 30, 2015. In an open letter, the Taliban has called on the Trump administration to abandon the war in Afghaistan, calling it \u201cfutile\u201d and \u201cunwinnable.\u201d",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/3131177D-EAB0-4A1D-804E-B925107617BA.jpg",
        "id": "31474_2",
        "answer": [
            "8,400"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "troops"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_01_3701918",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_01_3701918_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who do the people in the image think the new leader will emulate?",
        "context": "Hong Kong Electors Choose Carrie Lam to Lead City\nHONG KONG \u2014\u00a0\nA Beijing-backed civil servant, Carrie Lam, was chosen to be Hong Kong\u2019s next leader Sunday amid accusations that Beijing is meddling and denying the financial hub a more populist leader perhaps better able to defuse political tension.\nThe majority of the China-ruled city\u2019s 7.3 million people have no say in deciding their leader, who is chosen from several candidates by a 1,200-person \u201celection committee\u201d stacked with pro-Beijing and pro-establishment loyalists.\nLam, who will become Hong Kong\u2019s first female chief executive when she takes office July 1, won 777 votes compared with 365 for her closest rival, former financial secretary John Tsang, who polls show is more popular.\nA third candidate, retired judge Woo Kwok-hing, got 21 votes.\nPro-democracy protesters carry a sign reading \"I want genuine universal suffrage\" and a Hong Kong national flag during a demonstration in Hong Kong, March 25, 2017.\nProtesters scuffle with police\nSome scuffles broke out outside the voting center between protesters and a large contingent of police, who used metal barricades to keep the demonstrations well away.\nThe activists denounced Beijing\u2019s interference amid widespread reports of unprecedented lobbying of voters to back Lam, rather than Tsang, chanting \u201cI want universal suffrage\u201d when the result was announced.\n\u201cLies, coercion, whitewash,\u201d read one banner. A big yellow banner calling for full democracy was hung from the Lion Rock peak overlooking the city.\n\u201cThe central government has intervened again and again,\u201d said Carmen Tong, a 20-year-old student. \u201cIt\u2019s very unjust.\u201d\nChina's unwelcome hand\nSince Hong Kong returned to Chinese rule in 1997, Beijing has gradually increased control over it, even though China had promised wide-ranging freedoms and autonomy not allowed on the mainland under the formula of \u201cone country, two systems.\u201d There was also an undated promise of universal suffrage.\nMany, including opposition democrats, fear Lam will continue the tough policies of staunchly pro-Beijing incumbent Leung Chun-ying, a controversial figure who ordered the firing of tear gas on pro-democracy protesters in 2014 and who was not seen to be defending Hong Kong\u2019s autonomy and core values.\n\u201cShe doesn\u2019t have a strong foundation, nor will she have a honeymoon after she\u2019s elected,\u201d said political scientist Ivan Choy. \u201cBut whether she will further divide society, we still have to wait and see what she does, whether she will continue the approach of Leung.\u201d\nDifficult line to walk\nAll of Hong Kong\u2019s three other post-handover leaders have struggled to balance the demands of China\u2019s stability-obsessed Communist Party leaders, with the wish of many residents to preserve the global financial hub\u2019s liberal values and rule of law that have long underpinned its economic success.\nIn late 2014, parts of the city were paralyzed when tens of thousands of protesters blocked major roads for nearly three months to demand Beijing allow the city full democracy; demands that were ignored amid some violent clashes.\nSome see China\u2019s creeping interference in many areas of the city including business, media, politics, academia and the judiciary as tarnishing the city\u2019s international business allure.\n",
        "caption": "Pro-democracy protesters carry a sign reading \"I want genuine universal suffrage\" and a Hong Kong national flag during a demonstration in Hong Kong, March 25, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/CE35A743-6777-4FFA-9DEC-BBCEC67AEDBD.jpg",
        "id": "25941_2",
        "answer": [
            "staunchly pro-Beijing incumbent Leung Chun-ying"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "democracy"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_26_3782225",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_26_3782225_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "How many other people are like those in the image?",
        "context": "Thousands of Iraqis Flee Heavy Fighting in Western Mosul\nGENEVA \u2014\u00a0\nThe United Nations reports more than 190,000 people \u2014 over half of them children \u2014 have fled Mosul since Iraqi government forces began their offensive on October 17 to retake the city from Islamic State insurgents.\nA significant increase in the number of people fleeing western Mosul was reported last week, as fighting between Iraqi soldiers and Islamic State militants intensified. The U.N. estimates about 30,000 people have become displaced, half of them children.\nBastien Vigneau is the U.N. Children's Fund Emergency Coordinator for Mosul operations in Iraq. Speaking by telephone from Baghdad, he says the children and their families have been arriving in desperate condition at a camp for displaced people in Hamam al-Alil, which is 20 kilometers south of Mosul.\nDisplaced Iraqis, who fled fighting between Iraqi security forces and Islamic State militants, gather to receive humanitarian aid at a camp for internally displaced people in Hamam al-Alil, some 10 kilometers south of Mosul, Iraq, March 2, 2017.\n\"Basically, the children and the families that we meet in Hamam al-Alil are most likely coming by buses,\" Vigneau said. \"This is organized by the military. And I have seen, for example, I was there yesterday, they really carry the bare minimum. They seem to be quite exhausted. I would say they have been in this situation for 2\u00bd years and extremely frightened, of course, by the operations happening.\" \nVigneau says the new arrivals describe conditions in Mosul as dire and getting worse. He says they report that one kilo of rice costs $60, with food, water, medicine and fuel are running low.\nWhile up to 750,000 people in the city remain inaccessible to humanitarians, it is possible to reach some that are trapped there, according to Vigneau.\nHe says UNICEF, the World Food Program, and the U.N. Population Fund are planning an aid mission to west Mosul this weekend. They will deliver a month's worth of food, water, dried biscuits and other relief to some 4,000 families, including 12,000 children.\nFor security reasons, Vigneau did not name the neighborhoods that will receive aid.\n",
        "caption": "Displaced Iraqis, who fled fighting between Iraqi security forces and Islamic State militants, gather for food at a camp for internally displaced people in Hamam al-Alil, some 10 kilometers south of Mosul, Iraq, March 2, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/638A59BD-809F-49E1-8489-B57BF9365AB1.jpg",
        "id": "7250_1",
        "answer": [
            "more than 190,000 people \u2014 over half of them children",
            "30,000"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Displaced Iraqis",
            "displaced"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_03_3748693",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_03_3748693_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the man on the right in the image want to be a topic of conversation in diplomacy?",
        "context": "Cyprus President Rebukes UN Envoy for Gas Search Comment\nNICOSIA, CYPRUS \u2014\u00a0\nThe president of Cyprus on Tuesday rebuked a United Nations envoy for speaking of a possible crisis over the ethnically divided country's search for offshore oil and gas, calling the remark \"unacceptable\" and a \"threat\" amid faltering reunification talks.\nThe envoy, Espen Barth Eide, was quoted in the Greek newspaper To Vima as expressing concern about the issue. In similar remarks earlier this month, Eide said an \"international crisis\" could lead to a collapse of the ongoing talks aiming at reunifying Cyprus as a federation.\n\"I regret that I'm being harsh about it, but I've made complaints directly that I consider such remarks unacceptable, especially if they're made in the form of a threat,\" President Nicos Anastasiades told reporters.\nIt's the second time this month that Anastasiades, a Greek Cypriot, has leveled strong criticism at Eide, accusing him of bias.\nTurkey and the Cypriot government are sharply divided over the energy search.\nCyprus was split in 1974 when Turkey invaded in the wake of a coup mounted by supporters of union with Greece.\nTurkey, which doesn't recognize Cyprus as a state, opposes what it calls a unilateral Greek Cypriot project which flouts the rights of breakaway Turkish Cypriots. In March, the Turkish Foreign Ministry warned that it would \"take all necessary measures to protect its interests\" in the eastern Mediterranean, as well as those of the Turkish Cypriots. Turkey is also said to claim part of gas exploration areas, or blocks, off Cyprus' western and southern coast.\nFrench energy company Total is scheduled to drill an exploratory well off Cyprus' southern coast in mid-July.\nPeace talks are at a standstill after Eide called off mediation efforts last week when Anastasiades and Turkish Cypriot leader Mustafa Akinci failed to find common ground on holding a final summit in Geneva, Switzerland. Anastasiades insists on prioritizing at the summit an agreement on withdrawing more than 35,000 troops that Turkey has kept in the island's breakaway north since 1974. Akinci maintains that all issues should be discussed in a give-and-take process.\nAnastasiades said Tuesday there would be no point to a Geneva summit if Turkey isn't ready to discuss the security issue.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - U.N. Special Adviser of the Secretary-General Espen Barth Eide, left, and Cyprus' President Nicos Anastasiades sit during their meeting at the presidential palace in divided capital Nicosia, Cyprus, Nov. 28, 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/EF6AFE12-136E-49F5-8F0D-A34F4602FA16.jpg",
        "id": "33111_1",
        "answer": [
            "an agreement on withdrawing more than 35,000 troops that Turkey has kept in the island's breakaway north since 1974"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Anastasiades "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_30_3877906",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_30_3877906_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who did the person with the yellow turban in the image talk to?",
        "context": "Afghan Religious Leaders Assail Pakistani Counterparts for Legitimizing Afghan Militancy\nAfghan religious leaders on Thursday strongly refuted pro-Taliban remarks by a top Pakistani religious and political leader, classifying them as an \"intelligence spin.\"\nIn response to recent remarks by Maulana Fazl-ur-Rahman, leader of Pakistani's Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (JUI-F), a conservative religious party accused of maintaining links with various militant groups, the Islamic Scholars Council of Afghanistan called for an Islamic conference to be held in Kabul to debate the religious legitimacy of the Taliban insurgency in Afghanistan.\n\"Genuine and pious clerics from Pakistan, along with renowned Islamic scholars from the Muslim world, should convene for a religious debate with Afghan religious scholars to assess the situation in Afghanistan, based on the book of Allah [Quran] and teachings of the Prophet [Muhammad],\" the Afghan clerics council said.\nThe statement added that the Pakistani cleric has attempted to legitimize the \"inhumane and heinous\" actions of militants who have targeted schools, hospitals and mosques throughout the country in their bloody insurgency, killing tens of thousands of innocent Afghan civilians over the last decade. \nFILE - U.S. soldiers monitor battlefield conditions at a joint U.S.-Afghan command center in Ghazni province, west of Kabul, Afghanistan, June 21, 2007.\nU.S., NATO presence cited\nThe JUI-F leader last week linked the Afghan Taliban's insurgency to the presence of U.S. and NATO forces in Afghanistan, in an effort to justify the Taliban's continued violence in the country.\nRahman said peace in Afghanistan would not be achieved as long as foreign troops were in the country.\n\"International forces must withdraw from Afghanistan for stability and peace in the region,\" said Rahman, while speaking at a formal gathering where more than a quarter-million people, including foreign guests, celebrated the 100th anniversary of the establishment of the conservative party.\nThe JUI-F is an offshoot of a Muslim Sunni clerics' political movement founded in former British India by the Deobandi madrassa, or religious school, in 1919.\nRahman's father, Mufti Mahmoud, was one of the leading members who parted ways with the movement in 1945 and established what was originally known as JUI after the creation of Pakistan in 1947. The party has been an adamant supporter of the Afghan Taliban, a majority of whom have been educated in hundreds of religious seminaries run by the party across Pakistan.\nThe Islamic Scholars Council of Afghanistan argues that the JUI-F leader lacks the credentials to issue jihadi verdicts (fatwa) legitimizing the insurgency in Afghanistan.\n'A hostile stance'\n\"We do not recognize Fazl-ur-Rahman as a religious scholar, but rather he is closely associated with Pakistan's military establishment,\" Mohammad Qasem Haleemi, the spokesman for the Islamic Scholars Council of Afghanistan, told VOA's Afghan service last week. \"It is a hostile stance against Afghanistan.\"\nHaleemi said that ironically, Fazl-ur-Rahman and his party want peace in Pakistan but instigate people against a legitimate government in Afghanistan.\nFILE - JUI-F Secretary General Abdul Ghafoor Haidari, right, greets Chaudhry Shujaat Hussein, parliamentary leader of the pro-military Pakistan Muslim League Quaid-e-Azam, at a reception hosted by PML-QA in Islamabad, Nov. 7, 2002.\nLast week, the JUI-F secretary general, Abdul Ghafoor Haidari, who was denied a U.S. visa in February, called on the Pakistani Taliban (TTP) to lay down their arms and join his Islamist political party to pursue its objectives through political means.\nAnalysts charge that several religious groups like JUI-F are actively helping achieve Pakistani military policy goals in the region.\n\"Pakistan's security establishment would want to combat India's influence in Afghanistan through Afghan Taliban. Maulana Fazl-ur-Rehman and many other politicians support the security establishment and thus keep a different stance for Afghan and Pakistani Taliban,\" said Khadim Hussain, a political and security analyst in Peshawar.\nPakistani officials deny having used these political parties to lure militant groups to violence in places like Afghanistan and India.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - JUI-F Secretary General Abdul Ghafoor Haidari, right, greets Chaudhry Shujaat Hussein, parliamentary leader of the pro-military Pakistan Muslim League Quaid-e-Azam, at a reception hosted by PML-QA in Islamabad, Nov. 7, 2002.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/34B48B2B-3262-4721-9B9E-EDFDFA0B06FD.jpg",
        "id": "13181_3",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "the Pakistani Taliban",
            "Pakistani Taliban"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Abdul Ghafoor Haidari"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_13_3809305",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_13_3809305_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the committee in the place in the image report about the prime minister and his family?",
        "context": "High-Level Probe Recommends Corruption Case Against Pakistan's Sharif\nISLAMABAD \u2014\u00a0\nA panel appointed by Pakistan's Supreme Court to look into the financial wealth and overseas assets of Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif and his children has recommended that a corruption case be brought against the family.\nThe six-member Joint Investigation Team, or JIT, Monday presented the court with a detailed report which said, \u201cThere exists significant gap/disparity amongst the known and declared sources of income and wealth accumulated\u201d by Sharif, his two sons, Hussain Nawaz and Hassan Nawaz, and daughter, Maryam Nawaz.\nFILE - Hussain Nawaz, center, son of Pakistan's Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif, talks to reporters outside the premises of the Joint Investigation Team, in Islamabad, Pakistan, June 1, 2017, following his appearance before the panel.\nThe JIT, which included experts from civilian and military intelligence agencies, summoned and questioned Sharif and his children about their family assets and contacted governments abroad before finalizing the report.\n\u201cFailure on the part of all respondents to produce the requisite information confirming \u201cknown sources of income\u201d is prima facie tantamount not being able to justify assets and the means of income,\u201d the JIT concluded in its findings, which followed the two-month investigation.\nFILE - Pakistani Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif leaves the premises of the Joint Investigation Team, in Islamabad, Pakistan, June 15, 2017.\nAlthough it will be for the Supreme Court to take further legal action based on the findings, legal experts see the JIT report as a major political blow to Sharif, who has consistently denied charges of wrongdoing. The findings prompted calls from political opponents and media commentators for the prime minister to immediately resign.\n\u201cHe has been declared a criminal of this country so what morality does he have to sit in the prime minister's seat anymore,\u201d Imran Khan, leader of the country\u2019s main opposition Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf party, told reporters shortly after the JIT report was released.\nFILE - Pakistani opposition leader and Chief of the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf party, Imran Khan, arrives at the Supreme Court, in Islamabad, April 20, 2017.\nKhan\u2019s party has been leading the legal battles against Prime Minister Sharif. Khan alleges that Sharif received kickbacks and commissions while he was prime minister of Pakistan twice in the 1990's and siphoned off the money to offshore accounts.\nSeveral federal ministers at a hurriedly arranged news conference, however, condemned the report as a \u201cbundle of lies and contradictions.\u201d They vowed to challenge it in the Supreme Court.\nThe probe against Sharif and his family dates back to April 2016, when the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists published a Pulitzer Prize-winning investigation of a global financial industry that enabled politicians, business people, criminals and others around the world to hide their ill-gotten gains or provide tax havens through offshore companies.\nThe leaked financial documents, known as the Panama Papers, listed Sharif\u2019s two sons and daughter as holders of offshore accounts.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Pakistani Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif leaves the premises of the Joint Investigation Team, in Islamabad, Pakistan, June 15, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/B79E4BF1-1295-4741-9AFA-D2760A4B7119.jpg",
        "id": "31812_3",
        "answer": [
            "There exists significant gap/disparity amongst the known and declared sources of income and wealth accumulated"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Joint Investigation Team"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_10_3935944",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_10_3935944_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person with the tie in the image hand out?",
        "context": "Russian FM Mocks US Media over Intelligence-sharing Reports\nNICOSIA, CYPRUS \u2014\u00a0\nRussian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov on Thursday mocked U.S. news reports suggesting President Donald Trump inappropriately shared sensitive intelligence with him about terror threats involving laptops on airplanes.\nWithout directly confirming the details of their conversation, Lavrov said he didn't understand what the \"secret\" was since the U.S. introduced a ban on laptops on airlines from some Middle Eastern countries two months ago.\nHe joked that some U.S. media were acting like communist newspapers in the former Soviet Union and not offering real news.\n\"There used to be a joke in the Soviet Union that there was a newspaper, Pravda, so-called Truth, that there was no 'izvestia' or news in there,\" Lavrov said. \"Truly, I get this impression that many U.S. media are working in this vein.\"\nLavrov was in Cyprus on Thursday for talks with his Cypriot counterpart.\nAsked to comment on the controversy surrounding the reported intelligence-sharing, he said media have reported that \"the secret\" Trump told him was that \"`terrorists' are capable of stuffing laptops, all kinds of electronic devices, with untraceable explosive materials.\"\nFILE - U.S. President Donald Trump meets with Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov, left, next to Russian Ambassador to the U.S. Sergei Kislyak at the White House in Washington, May 10, 2017. (Russian Foreign Ministry photo via AP)\n\"As far as I can recall, the Trump administration maybe one month or two months before the Trump administration had an official ban on laptops on airlines from seven Middle Eastern counties and it was connected directly with the terrorist threat,\" Lavrov added. \"So, if you're talking about that, I see no secret here.\"\nThe Washington Post reported this week that Trump shared highly classified information with Lavrov and Russian Ambassador to the U.S. Sergey Kislyak about an Islamic State terror threat involving laptop computers on aircraft. Other outlets, including The Associated Press, later confirmed the report.\nTrump responded by tweeting that as president, he had authority to disclose whatever he'd like. He did not deny discussing classified information.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - U.S. President Donald Trump meets with Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov, left, next to Russian Ambassador to the U.S. Sergei Kislyak at the White House in Washington, May 10, 2017. (Russian Foreign Ministry photo via AP)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/F70CAC66-0414-472C-91E9-27140282FE93.jpg",
        "id": "10592_2",
        "answer": [
            "highly classified information with Lavrov and Russian Ambassador to the U.S. Sergey Kislyak about an Islamic State terror threat involving laptop computers on aircraft",
            "highly classified information",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Donald Trump",
            "Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_18_3858667",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_18_3858667_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What would the people in the image not see?",
        "context": "Arkansas Prepares for Last in a String of Executions\nLITTLE ROCK, ARK. \u2014\u00a0\nArkansas will reach the end of an aggressive execution schedule Thursday as it prepares for a fourth lethal injection in a week after initially planning twice as many over an 11-day period.\nKenneth Williams, 38, is set to die for killing a former deputy warden following an escape. Each of several stay requests has been rejected or overturned, and it will take a court order to prevent his execution at 7 p.m. Thursday.\n\u201cThe Arkansas Supreme Court has denied all requests for stays of execution from Inmate Kenneth Williams,\u201d Judd Deere, a spokesman for Arkansas\u2019 attorney general, said in an email after the justices ruled in a case Wednesday. \nFILE - This March 25, 2017, photo shows a sign for the Department of Correction's Cummins Unit prison in Varner, Ark.\nLegal injection drug expires\nWith one of its lethal injection drugs set to expire at the end of April, Arkansas had scheduled eight executions over the final two weeks of April. That would have been the most in such a compressed period since the U.S. Supreme Court reinstated the death penalty in 1976.\nIf Williams is put to death in the Cummins Unit prison at Varner, the state would have carried out four since last Thursday, including a double execution Monday, the nation\u2019s first since 2000. Courts issued stays for four of the inmates.\nArkansas\u2019 supply of midazolam, normally a surgical sedative, expires Sunday. The Arkansas Department of Correction has said it has no new source for the drug, though it has made similar remarks previously yet still found a new stash.\nState officials have declared the string of executions a success, using terms like \u201cclosure\u201d for the victims\u2019 families. The inmates have died within 20 minutes of their executions beginning, a contrast from midazolam-related executions in other states that took anywhere from 43 minutes to two hours. The inmates\u2019 lawyers have said there are still flaws, and that there is no certainty that the inmates aren\u2019t suffering while they die.\nIn an emergency hearing by telephone, held after the first of Monday\u2019s executions, Jeff Rosenzweig, a lawyer for death row inmates, told a federal judge that Jack Jones Jr.\u2019s mouth moved several times when he should have been unconscious. Jones\u2019 spiritual adviser described it as \u201ca sort of gurgling.\u201d An observer from the state attorney general\u2019s office said it was \u201csnoring; deep, deep sleep.\u201d\nOne minute after the conference call ended, U.S. District Judge Kristine Baker allowed the second execution, of Marcel Williams, to proceed.\n\u201cBased upon what the court has learned from the eyewitnesses in regard to the execution, the court finds no support for a claim and an allegation that the execution appeared to be torturous and inhumane,\u201d Baker said in a transcript of the hearing released Wednesday.\nLinked to four deaths\nKenneth Williams was sentenced to death for killing Cecil Boren after escaping from the Cummins Unit prison in a 500-gallon barrel of hog slop. He left the prison, where the execution chamber is located in another part of the facility, less than three weeks into a life prison term for killing University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff cheerleader Dominique Hurd in 1998. At the conclusion of that trial, he had taunted the young woman\u2019s family by turning to them after the sentence was announced and saying \u201cYou thought I was going to die, didn\u2019t you?\u201d\nAfter jumping from the barrel, he sneaked along a tree line until reaching Boren\u2019s house. He killed Boren, stole guns and Boren\u2019s truck and then drove away to Missouri. There, he crashed into a water-delivery truck, killing the driver. While in prison, he confessed to killing another person in 1998.\nAt the time of Boren\u2019s death, investigators said it did not appear Boren was targeted because of his former employment by the Arkansas Department of Correction.\nOn Wednesday, a top official with the European Union, which opposes capital punishment, urged Gov. Asa Hutchinson to cancel the Thursday execution. EU Ambassador to the U.S. David O\u2019Sullivan said the letter was \u201can urgent humanitarian appeal\u201d on Williams\u2019 behalf.\n\u201cThe EU recognizes the serious nature of the crimes involved, and wishes to express its sincere sympathies to the surviving families and friends of the victims,\u201d the letter said. \u201cHowever, the European Union does not believe that their loss will be mitigated by the death of Mr. Williams.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "Media witnesses speak about the execution of Ledell Lee in Varner, Ark., early April 21, 2017. Lee was the first inmate put to death in Arkansas since 2005. John Moritz of the Arkansas Democrat-Gazette, from left, Sean Murphy of The Associated Press and Marine Glisovic witnessed Lee's death. The last of the scheduled executions is Thursday.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/4E2CF989-D774-4A0B-8858-0D92835A0EB0.jpg",
        "id": "21530_1",
        "answer": [
            "torturous and inhumane",
            "None",
            "no idea!! I am super unclear on what the answer is supposed to be here"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "witness",
            "Media witnesses"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_27_3827664",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_27_3827664_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What was the previous job of the person in the image with the suit?",
        "context": "White House Unveils List of Ex-lobbyists Granted Ethics Waivers\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nThe White House on Wednesday disclosed a group of former lobbyists working in President Donald Trump's administration who have been issued ethics waivers, following a request from the U.S. government's ethics agency.\nThe list of at least 11 waivers includes White House adviser Kellyanne Conway and Trump's Chief of Staff Reince Priebus, according to a chart issued on the White House website.\nConway is permitted to \"participate in communications and meetings involving former clients which are political, advocacy, trade or non-profit organizations,\" while Priebus, a former Republican National Committee chairman, is allowed to have communications and meetings with the RNC, the document says.\nShortly after taking office in January, Trump signed an executive order barring lobbyists who joined the administration from working on issues related to their prior work. But the administration has the power to grant waivers to particular hires, exempting them from that restriction.\nAlso on the list is Michael Catanzaro, a special assistant to the president and a former oil and gas lobbyist, who is cleared to weigh in on energy policy.\nDaniel Epstein, associate counsel to the president, \"may provide legal advice to the White House Office or any agency of the executive branch and to take positions adverse to Cause of Action Institute.\"\nShahira Knight, a special assistant to the president who formerly worked for Fidelity, a financial services company, \"may participate in broad policy matters and particular matters of general applicability relating to tax, retirement and financial services issues.\"\nAndrew Olmem, a special assistant to Trump who worked as an attorney to the Senate Banking Committee during the financial crisis, is cleared to join meetings with former clients involving Puerto Rico's fiscal issues, along with a wide range of activities involving financial regulation.\nMick Mulvaney, director of the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), had promised in a letter on Friday that the White House would comply with a request from the Office of Government Ethics (OGE) to provide information on which former lobbyists are working in the administration.\nMulvaney said in the letter that the administration was not seeking to impede efforts by OGE to obtain that information, despite earlier protests from Walter Shaub, the agency's director.\nShaub, an appointee under President Barack Obama in the final year of a five-year term, had requested in April copies of waivers the Trump administration granted to former lobbyists now appointed to positions in the government. Those requests were sent to agencies across the administration, seeking waivers that would allow former lobbyists to work on issues they had been involved with as paid advocates.\nBut OMB requested a stay of that request, prompting a fierce response from Shaub. He called the request \"highly unusual\" and said his agency has the authority to take \"corrective action proceedings\" against agencies that refuse its requests.\nIn his Friday response, Mulvaney said the requested stay was not an attempt to stifle OGE efforts but rather to provide more time to \"ensure sufficient consideration was given to legal questions.\"\n\"OMB has never sought to impede OGE,\" he wrote. Mulvaney closed the letter by saying the OMB did not grant any lobbyist waivers itself.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - White House senior adviser Kellyanne Conway, left, and White House Chief of Staff Reince Priebus walk across the South Lawn of the White House in Washington, May 17, 2017. Conway and Priebus are among administration officials who have been granted ethics waivers.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/5AD9CDC1-8236-4AC6-B8BF-82B21288D759.jpg",
        "id": "174_1",
        "answer": [
            "Republican National Committee chairman"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Priebus"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_01_3882345",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_01_3882345_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What country of the person with the black tie in the image do?",
        "context": "Moldovan President Says He May Scrap EU Trade Pact\nMOSCOW \u2014\u00a0\nMoldova may scrap a trade agreement with the European Union after the country's next parliamentary election, President Igor Dodon said Tuesday during his first state visit to Russia.\nSpeaking in Moscow at a news conference with Russian President Vladimir Putin, Dodon said it was \"curious\" that Moldova's trade turnover with the EU had wilted since signing a political and trade pact with the bloc in 2014.\n\"We gained nothing from this agreement,\" he told reporters. \"We are not against the EU \u2014 we have common borders \u2014 but you cannot build a relationship on anti-Russia rhetoric,\" news agencies quoted Dodon as saying after meeting with Putin.\nDodon was elected in November with just over 50 percent of the vote after calling in his campaign for a referendum on Moldova's relationship with the EU, which came at the expense of ties with Russia. No referendum has yet been announced.\nMoscow imposed retaliatory trade restrictions on Moldovan farming exports in response to Chisinau's signing of an association agreement with the EU in 2014. Dodon's vow to improve relations with the country's former Soviet master found favor with many Moldovans who have been hit financially by Russia's bans and a broader economic downturn.\nDodon's win and move away from the EU reflects a loss of trust in pro-European leaders in Moldova and Russia's increasingly assertive influence over ex-Soviet states.\nCriticism from Plahotniuc\nThe coordinator of the pro-European ruling coalition in Moldova, Vlad Plahotniuc, said the country would not be pulled out of closer integration with the EU, criticizing Dodon for his comments to Putin.\n\"Our country does not have the right to send contradictory messages on foreign policy,\" he said in an online statement. \"The Moldovan authorities will not allow the EU association agreement to be annulled. We will not only block any attempts to denounce the agreement, but will speed up the process of its implementation.\"\nIn Moscow, Putin struck a both conciliatory and sharp tone with Dodon, saying Russia's neighbors were free to make their own decisions and even court the EU, but Moscow would want its interests to be respected.\n\"It needs to be recognized that mutually beneficial ties with Russia deteriorated against the background of attempts to force a closer relationship with the European Union,\" he said.\nDodon's stance on the EU-Russia issue has been mixed since taking office. He has called for early parliamentary elections this year to force out the government, but also said the president \"should be neither pro-European nor pro-Russian\".\nOn Tuesday, he said Chisinau did not intend to build an \"iron curtain\" with the bloc.\nMoldova, the poorest country in Europe, is expected to return to growth in the near future after contracting 0.5 percent in 2015. But its exports have yet to recover to pre-crisis levels, falling 4.3 percent in the first quarter of 2016.\nUkraine, another ex-Soviet republic, also played with the idea of closer ties with the EU but abruptly pulled out of a trade deal in late 2013.\nThe move prompted mass street protests in Kyiv, forcing then-President Viktor Yanukovich from office and paving the road to Moscow's annexation of Ukraine's Crimea region.\n",
        "caption": "Russian President Vladimir Putin, right, meets with his Moldovan counterpart, Igor Dodon, at the Kremlin in Moscow, Jan. 17, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/AB7B0915-B5CD-4D99-82AB-480B864F82DA.jpg",
        "id": "10342_1",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "scrap a trade agreement with the European Union"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Igor Dodon"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_17_3680228",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_17_3680228_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What will the person wearing the shirt with flowers in the image do?",
        "context": "Ivanka Trump to Take Part in Presidential Trip\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nIvanka Trump will travel with the president to Saudi Arabia, Israel and Italy on his upcoming foreign trip, a White House official said.\nA senior adviser to President Donald Trump, Ivanka Trump will be present for six days of the nine-day trip, which begins Friday, the official said. She'll join her father for some events, but will also hold some of her own, the official said.\nThe official said that in Saudi Arabia, Ivanka Trump will take part in a roundtable discussion with Saudi women about women's economic issues. Ivanka Trump wants to hear about the challenges women in the country face and the progress they have made, the official said.\nThe person was not authorized to be quoted by name discussing the details of the plan in advance of the formal announcement and spoke on condition of anonymity.\nFILE - Men pray ahead of the Jewish New Year at the Western Wall, the holiest site where Jews can pray, in Jerusalem's old city, Sep. 13, 2015.\nIn Israel, Ivanka Trump - who converted to Judaism when she married husband Jared Kushner - will visit the Western Wall with the president. And in Rome, she will take part in a discussion about human trafficking with the Community of Sant'Egidio, an aid group with ties to the Vatican. She will also take part in a meeting with the Pope.\nThe meetings build on some issues the first daughter has already worked on at the White House. She has held meetings on women's economic empowerment and human trafficking.\nThis is the president's first international trip, but Ivanka Trump made a brief trip to Germany in April to appear on a panel at a conference dedicated to helping women in business.\nFILE - Ivanka Trump, daughter and adviser of U.S. President Donald Trump, International Monetary Fund Managing Director Christine Lagarde and German Chancellor Angela Merkel, from left, discuss during a panel of the W20 Summit in Berlin, April 25, 2017.\nThe foreign trip comes amid tumult for the White House after a series of damaging reports, culminating with the appointment of a special counsel to probe ties between Russia and President Donald Trump's campaign and associates. Many White House aides have been hoping the trip will provide an opportunity for the young administration to refocus.\nIvanka Trump stepped away from running her clothing brand and from an executive role at the Trump Organization before she joined her father's administration as an unpaid adviser. She still owns the brand, which could be boosted by her high-profile stint at the White House.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Ivanka Trump, daughter and adviser of U.S. President Donald Trump, International Monetary Fund Managing Director Christine Lagarde and German Chancellor Angela Merkel, from left, discuss during a panel of the W20 Summit in Berlin, April 25, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/AB450413-D554-4795-9943-E042D9C83E1A.jpg",
        "id": "14451_3",
        "answer": [
            "travel with the president to Saudi Arabia, Israel and Italy on his upcoming foreign trip",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Ivanka Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_19_3861773",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_19_3861773_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What diplomatic decisions have been made in the structure in the image?",
        "context": "EU Unsure How to Sanction Poland Over Reform Issue\nBRUSSELS \u2014\u00a0\nPoland faces the possibility of losing its voting rights in the European Union over issues related to democracy and the rule of law. The EU is trying to determine whether to apply Article 7 \u2014 a measure intended to punish countries seen as violating fundamental rights.\nIn its 60-year history, the European Union has never had to trigger Article 7.\nWhen the regional grouping gave Poland until the end of February to implement several reforms to its judicial independence and democratic institutions, it seemed that Article 7 might be the next step if the EU determined that Poland was not putting enough reforms in place. Even though the deadline passed this week, it is not clear what steps the commission can take next.\nMuch has changed in Poland since the 2015 win of the conservative right wing PiS, Law and Justice Party. The party blocked the initial picks for the Polish constitutional court and presented its own candidates. That was followed by a crackdown on media outlets and journalists, mass demonstrations against proposed extremely conservative laws and political appointments on all levels. That led the European Commission to warn Poland.\nDemonstrators display Polish and European Union flags during the third day of a protest outside the Parliament building in Warsaw, Dec. 18, 2016.\nSituation described at 'dramatic' \nKatarzyna Morton is an active member of KOD, the Polish Committee for the Defense of Democracy. She describes the situation under the current government as \u201cdramatic\u201d and fears the country is heading toward becoming a modern authoritarian state. Morton says she hopes the EU keeps following up on current Polish developments, adding the tone of the EU will matter.\n\u201cThe EU really has to work on the way they say things to be sure that some Polish people who are in favor of the government or just perhaps do not understand EU so well, won't take it as a threat but will understand that the EU is working in their favor and wants them to succeed in their citizenship.\u201d\nTriggering Article 7 could lead to another crisis within the EU while the bloc is already dealing with growing anti-EU sentiment, along with Brexit \u2014 Britain's decision to leave the EU \u2014 and an ongoing migrant crisis.\nLittle room to maneuver\nAgata Gostynska-Jakubowska of the Center for European Reform says the European Commission has little room to maneuver and might lose this battle with Poland.\n\u201cIf the commission does not respond, it would face criticism from liberals in the European Parliament and it looks weak in the eyes of external actors; but, by interfering in this political conflict, the risks of antagonizing the Polish public is the last thing the commission would like to have because of growing euroscepticism.\u201d\nGostynska-Jakubowska also points out that it's questionable whether the commission has sufficient democratic legitimacy to push through something so politically sensitive as Article 7.\nPoland's Foreign Minister Witold Waszczykowski holds a news conference in Kiev, Ukraine, Sept. 13, 2016.\nPoland feels it has complied\nThe request for reforms was made after previous recommendations were sent to Warsaw, but no real progress was recorded.\nPoland feels its parliament has adopted enough reforms that \u201ccomply with European standards regarding the functioning of constitutional courts\u201d and says there is no systematic threat to the rule of law in Poland. Activists such as Morton disagree, saying she does not notice any reforms being implemented.\nPolish Foreign Minister Witold Waszczykowski told local media earlier this week that he expects \u201cthe matter will be closed.\u201d\nWaszczykowski had a public exchange of words during a conference in Germany last week with EU Commission Vice President Frans Timmermans on Polish constitutional reforms. The Polish Ministry of Foreign Affairs released a statement earlier this week accusing Timmermans' actions and words of being politically motivated.\nUnanimous vote triggers Article 7 \nWhile the commission searches for a way forward, diplomatic tensions between Warsaw and Brussels remained unresolved as the Polish Ministry of Foreign Affairs summoned the head of the European Commission's representation to Poland on Thursday over language used by an EU document that Poland called unacceptable.\nThe commission is to discuss the matter with member states on what steps to take on the Polish issue.\nGostynska-Jakubowska says shifting the responsibility to member states will not solve the issue: \u201cThere won't be political will among member states to take further action. EU treaties are pretty clear about this; it is the decision of member states on whether to activate Article 7 or not.\u201d\nTriggering Article 7 needs unanimity among all member states, and Hungary has already said it would veto any such a decision. The current president of the European Council, Donald Tusk, happens to be a former Polish president.\nThe next meeting of EU leaders is to take place after the first week of March in Brussels. The issue with Poland is expected to be discussed, but it's unlikely the process for triggering Article 7 will start.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Demonstrators wave Polish and European Union flags during a protest outside the Parliament building in Warsaw, Jan. 11, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/A6BB3F78-6FAA-4ECA-96B6-3B92C2868120.jpg",
        "id": "28197_1",
        "answer": [
            "reforms that \u201ccomply with European standards regarding the functioning of constitutional courts\u201d"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "parliament"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_24_3738919",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_24_3738919_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the group of the person on the right of the image do?",
        "context": "Central African Republic Foes Sign Church-mediated Peace Accord\nROME \u2014\u00a0\nThe government of the Central African Republic and 13 of the 14 armed groups in the country on Monday signed an accord aimed at ending an ethic and religious conflict that has killed thousands of people.\nThe deal, which was mediated by the Roman Catholic Sant' Egidio peace group and signed at their headquarters in Rome, calls for an immediate end to hostilities and recognition of the results of last year's presidential elections.\nThe country has been plagued by inter-religious and inter-communal conflict since 2013, when the mainly Muslim Seleka rebels seized power, prompting reprisals from the anti-Balaka militia, many of whose fighters are nominally Christian.\nThe Sant' Egidio group, which is backed by the Vatican and Italy, negotiated the end of the civil war in Mozambique in 1992 during secret negotiations in Rome and has been trying to broker peace in Central African Republic for months.\nPolitical crises have regularly rocked the country and tit-for-tat violence is on the rise again despite last year's presidential election that was aimed at ending the bloodshed.\nIn two weeks in May, fighting between militia groups killed about 300 people and displaced 100,000, the worst bout of displacements since 2013.\nAround 2.2 million people, about half the population, need humanitarian assistance, according to the United Nations.\n.\nThe five-page accord, which was signed for the government by Foreign Minister Charles Armel Doubane, calls for the free movement of non-governmental organizations.\nThe armed militia that did not attend the Rome meetings was one of the smaller ones, the \"Retour Reclamation et Rehabilitation\" or 3R, Sant' Egidio negotiators said.\nThey added that its absence was due to logistical problems and that the other signatories were confident that they would be able to convince the group to join the pact.\n",
        "caption": "Republic of Central Africa Foreign Minister Charles Armel Doubane (L) looks on as Sant'Egidio organization president Marco Impagliazzo addresses a political delegation from Central African Republic, June 19, 2017, inside the Sant'Egidio community church in Rome.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/901D098C-6392-45FA-8C28-0A2BD79B6CC5.jpg",
        "id": "18805_1",
        "answer": [
            "negotiated the end of the civil war in Mozambique"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Sant' Egidio"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_19_3907020",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_19_3907020_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What has slowed for the person in the image?",
        "context": "American Dream of Home Ownership is Changing\nNEW YORK \u2014\u00a0\nAmerica is changing the way it lives. Owning one's home has always been considered a significant part of the modern American dream \u2014 it meant pride and security, control, stability and goodbye to landlords. \nIt still does, but times change and there are signs that the dream of owning a home may be changing as well. \nThe \u2018bubble\u2019\nThe Great Recession, which began in late 2007 and lasted for nearly two years, is still having an impact on the U.S. housing market. Since the bottom dropped out a decade ago, \"new home starts\" \u2014 used to describe when construction begins on a new home \u2014 have been sluggish.\nThat was until October, when they hit a nine-year high, then dropped in November, suggesting Americans are confused about where and how they want to live.\nSome of the confusion stems from memories of the housing market \"bubble\" of easy money and credit that burst in December 2007 and was a main cause of the Great Recession. More than 20 million foreclosures were filed during the decade. RealtyTrac Data indicates 7.3 million consumers lost their homes between 2007 and 2014.\n\"Housing was a great part of the recession,\" said housing expert and New York University professor Lawrence White. \"Housing prices fell dramatically from their peak in 2006. Nationwide, the average value of a home dropped 30 to 35 percent. We certainly learned in the recession, investing in a house is not a sure-fire way to build wealth.\"\nFILE - A construction worker carries a load of wood to a new home as they frame the house in Chester, Virginia, May 16, 2012.\nHowever, White says, housing plays a major role in the economic health of the nation. \nBut for potential homebuyers, it has become a lot harder to get the credit necessary to buy a house. Plus, there's more paperwork when consumers do qualify.\nThat leads to a depressed market. Another issue: a lack of inventory, says Pamela Woodward, who owns three real estate offices in New Jersey.\n\"The political climate, at least for now, has people skittish and nervous about the economy,\" she said.\nOn the plus side, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac \u2014 two government-backed mortgage companies \u2014 are raising the amount of money they will guarantee, for the first time since 2006. That will make it easier for buyers to qualify for larger loans, and to get more home for their money.\nDiploma vs. mortgage\nLurking in the background of less new construction is the renting vs. buying issue.\nIngo Winzer, CEO of Local Market Monitor, covers 330 local real estate markets across the United States and forecasts home prices in those areas. Winzer says renting is becoming increasingly attractive because many people just don't have the money to buy.\n\"There's not enough income to allow people to get into housing,\" he said.\nSeattle-based Zillow is an online real estate database and marketplace company that works with Realtors and consumers to evaluate local property markets. Zillow predicts that millennials will eventually be in a financial position to buy, and will boost home ownership. At the same time, Zillow says, renting will become more affordable as incomes rise and growth in rents slows.\nOne of the biggest reasons that young Americans are waiting to buy their first home is student debt. Millennials, who used to be considered the prime homebuying age, are carrying an estimated $1 trillion in student loan, according to the U.S government.\nCase in point: Kevin Clancy, 47, a Realtor in Albany, New York, says his business is good. \"But,\" he said, \"the problem is, the kids are coming out of school with a tremendous amount of student loan debt. It's like a drag on their finances. I have a girl in my office, she's 38. She's still paying $800 a month on student loans. That's money that could be going toward the mortgage. I think it's kind of delaying the process.\"\nClancy says his view of the under-35 generation is that \"they're buying nice cars, they're going out to dinner, and they're staying in apartments. And they're moving around a lot more with their jobs. They are a lot more mobile.\"\nFILE - A construction worker pulls his safety rope while working on the roof of an apartment complex being built in Spring, Texas, March 19, 2015.\nOlga Hannout, a ReMax agent in Manalapan, New Jersey, says she's never seen rentals so high in her 20-plus years in the business. She says she worries the recovery that the United States is enjoying may be artificial, and that's one reason rentals are high.\nA cautious market\nTen years ago, the national percentage of households renting was about 30 percent; today, it's about 37 percent, according to the public data website departmentofnumbers.com. Each percentage point nationally is about 1 million households.\nRentals are also attractive because renters are spared the worry of potentially plummeting home values.\n\"We ought to be making rental housing much more respectable, whether in urban or suburban areas,\u201d White said. \u201cOur whole society ought to get away from the fixation of ownership as the only way to go. It's not the only way to go. Ownership is not for everybody; it takes a certain income, budgetary discipline and a steady income.\"\nMany Americans learned from the recession that investing in home ownership is not a sure way to build wealth, he says.\nCurrently, however, home values are on the rise. Zillow, utilizing a survey of more than 100 economic and housing experts, forecasts home values increasing by 3.6 percent this year. Last year saw an increase of close to 5 percent.\nAmerica in the middle\nOther countries are doing as well as or better than the U.S.\n\"Internationally, we are sort of in the middle of the pack amongst developed countries,\u201d White said. \u201cIn terms of things like percentage of households that own their own homes [and] the interest rate mortgage borrowers pay, the U.S. is in the middle of the pack. We were not the only ones to go through a housing bust.\"\nWinzer, of Local Market Monitor, keeps track of local real estate markets in the United States.\n\"The idea used to be that people with a modest education could have fairly well-paid jobs, like 50 years ago, but that's not the case anymore,\" Winzer said. \"Jobs that were done by skilled labor are done by skilled robots. I think there are some long-term difficulties. I think the idea that the economy is going to be fantastic again is wishful thinking.\"\nCurrently, employment is at record levels in the U.S. The incoming Trump administration promises more jobs and, if that happens, it is expected that the government and the banks will provide more incentives to stimulate homebuying. \nBouncing back\nThe American dream may be hard to recapture, but analysts believe many of those who lost homes in the Great Recession may be ready to give it another try. \nRealtor Woodward said she saw two pairs of such boomerang, or rebound, buyers this month.\nBoth couples \"strongly believe in the concept of home ownership,\" she said. \nFor them, the American dream lives on.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A construction worker carries a load of wood to a new home as they frame the house in Chester, Virginia, May 16, 2012.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/C6AFED6A-38D7-4C6A-8118-B4D7F7C8D269.jpg",
        "id": "3816_2",
        "answer": [
            "\"new home starts\" \u2014 used to describe when construction begins on a new home \u2014 have been sluggish",
            "growth in rents",
            "new home starts"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "home",
            "construction "
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_13_3675641",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_13_3675641_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What will the woman in the image be responsible for?",
        "context": "Trump Plans Office to Bring Business Ideas to Government\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nPresident Donald Trump is set to announce a new White House office run by his son-in-law that will seek to overhaul government functions using ideas from the business sector.\nA senior administration official said Trump on Monday will announce the White House Office of American Innovation. The official sought anonymity to discuss the office in advance of the formal rollout.\nThe plans for the office were first reported by The Washington Post.\nThe innovation office will be led by Jared Kushner, a senior adviser to Trump, and will report directly to the president.\nAmong those working on the effort are National Economic Council director Gary Cohn, Dina Powell, senior counselor to the president for economic initiatives and deputy national security adviser, Chris Liddell, assistant to the president for strategic initiatives and Reed Cordish, assistant to the president for intragovernmental and technology initiatives. All have extensive business experience.\nTrump is readying to announce the new office at a low point in his young administration, days after the Republican bill to repeal and replace the Affordable Care Act, also known as \"Obamacare.\" imploded in the House of Representatives, revealing deep divides within GOP and fraying tensions at the White House.\nThis effort has been developing since shortly after the inauguration, the official said. The group has been meeting since then and started talking to CEOs from various sectors about ways to make changes to federal programs. Areas they hope to tackle include overhauling Veterans' Affairs, improving workforce development and targeting opioid addiction.\nTrump's daughter Ivanka, who is married to Kushner and has a West Wing office but no official job, will get involved on issues she is focused on, such as workforce development.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - White House senior advisor Jared Kushner enters the East Room with his wife Ivanka Trump, prior to a joint news conference between President Donald Trump and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, at the White House in Washington, Feb. 15, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/57544D21-F27B-4A31-843A-E6832D7C447A.jpg",
        "id": "27489_1",
        "answer": [
            "issues she is focused on, such as workforce development"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Ivanka"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_27_3783177",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_27_3783177_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "How does the crowd in the image feel?",
        "context": "Angry Venezuela Protesters Take Aim at Chavez Statues, Home\nCARACAS \u2014\u00a0\nAnti-government protesters in Venezuela have settled on a new target for their frustration: Hugo Chavez.\nUntil recently, even as the economy cratered and Venezuelans abandoned support for President Nicolas Maduro, many in the socialist-run country continued to revere Chavez for standing up for the oil-rich nation's long-overlooked poor masses. \nBut that once solid reputation has begun to crumble as quickly as statues and monuments built to the late strongman have been toppled. As anti-government unrest has spread, claiming at least 48 lives and leaving hundreds injured, protesters have ripped from their pedestals statues honoring Chavez in at least five towns over the past month.\nThe latest incident took place Monday when a protest in the western city of Barinas turned violent and demonstrators torched a home where Chavez spent part of his childhood, opposition politicians in the city said.\nDuring a day of violence in the city, in which at least three men were killed and 50 injured, it was unclear how the incident began or the extent of damage to the house - one of several, and hardly the best known - where a young Chavez lived during an itinerant upbringing marked by poverty.\nBut the symbolism was nonetheless deeply felt by protesters and government supporters alike.\nInvoking Chavez\nSince Chavez died in 2013, Maduro has tried to cement his grip on power by constantly invoking his political mentor. New statues depicting a youthful Chavez have been built around the country. His penetrating eyes and iconic signature are emblazoned on hundreds of public buildings. And even anti-government demonstrators frequently couch their criticism of Maduro by citing El Comandante's old speeches to argue he has strayed from Chavez's revolutionary road map.\nYet in town plazas around the country, Venezuelans no longer appear to view Chavez's legacy as justification for the current government.\nIn Villa del Rosario, a town in northwest Venezuela, protesters two weeks ago set fire to a statue of Chavez standing in salute and later proceeded to shake it back and forth, cheering when they finally knocked it to the ground. In another city, the commander's boots, body sawed off above the ankles, was the only evidence left of the spot where a Chavez statue once stood. In another, a Chavez bust disappeared entirely.\nSatiating frustration, disappointment\n\u201cSome people, in some way, want to satiate that frustration, that disappointment they carry inside,\u201d said Joni Cermeno, a businesswoman who lives in Pariaguan, where townspeople recently awoke to find their Chavez statue reduced to smelted metal.\nAuthorities have responded swiftly.\nSixteen people were detained in the Villa del Rosario statue destruction and sent to military tribunals, according to their lawyer, Laura Valbuena. She said they have been charged with rebellion and insulting officials and could face up to 27 years in prison.\nJaquelin Perdomo, who works for the Caracas' mayor office, said the statue burnings were aberrant acts by a violent opposition.\n\u201cThey want to erase anything that smells of Chavez,\u201d she said while waiting for a pro-government march in Caracas to begin on Monday. \nHowever for many analysts the removal of so many Chavez statues, while unlikely to rank alongside the iconic toppling of Saddam Hussein's statue in Baghdad after the U.S.-led invasion of Iraq, reveals the extent to which many Venezuelans feel embittered and betrayed by Maduro.\n\u201cNot too long ago, Chavez was widely regarded as a revolutionary hero in Venezuela,\u201d said Michael Shifter, president of the Inter-American Dialogue, a Washington-based think tank. \u201cThese acts reflect the depth of anger and hostility toward a regime that, in the name of Chavez, has utterly destroyed a once relatively prosperous and democratic nation.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "Security forces spray demonstrators with water canons during an anti-government protest demanding Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro open a so-called humanitarian corridor for the delivery of medicine and food aid, in Caracas, Venezuela, May 22, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/C6148D4C-7296-45A5-8CF9-AFEC994932BD.jpg",
        "id": "4372_1",
        "answer": [
            "embittered and betrayed by Maduro",
            "embittered and betrayed"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Venezuelan"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_23_3867387",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_23_3867387_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "How many people used to belong to the group in the image?",
        "context": "Pro-Trump Bikers Arrive in DC for Inauguration Celebration\nHundreds of motorcycle-riding supporters of President-elect Donald Trump arrived Thursday in Washington in anticipation of Friday's inauguration.\nThe group, Bikers for Trump, secured an area along the inauguration parade route where they will gather to hold the \"58th inauguration halftime show\" between the swearing-in ceremony at noon and the start of the parade in the afternoon.\nChris Cox, the founder of Bikers for Trump, told Fox & Friends the group was \"laughed at\" when around 100 people showed up to its first rally in October 2015, but since then membership has ballooned to around 200,000 people.\nFounder Chris Cox says Bikers for Trump \"started as a result of the outspoken nature of Donald Trump and the bikers' frustration with the direction this country was going,\" Jan. 19, 2017. (J. Fatzick/VOA)\n\"Bikers for Trump started as a result of the outspoken nature of Donald Trump and the bikers' frustration with the direction this country was going. \u2026 We're a force to be reckoned with. We're a political phenomenon,\" he said.\nCox said he expected upward of 5,000 bikers to attend the rally, which could make it the largest pro-Trump event run by a private organization on Inauguration Day.\nCox told The Washington Post he hoped the rally and his group would morph into something bigger, eventually turning bikers into a voting bloc similar to evangelical Christians or organized labor.\n\"Bikers are strongly organized locally,\" he told the paper. \"They just haven't been organized nationally before.\"\nIn a video posted to the group's Facebook page on Wednesday, Cox said the halftime event would feature various speakers, a ceremony to honor veterans, and a band called The Fryed Brothers, which Cox described as \"the world's best biker band.\"\n\"We've had hiccups along the way, but we've managed to pull this off,\" he said.\nThe bikers rode through Washington's Georgetown neighborhood, then turned around and retraced their path to Virginia, Jan. 19, 2017. (J. Fatzick/VOA)\nAbout 200 members of the group participated in the organized ride on Thursday, which began about 30 minutes outside Washington, in Dale City, Virginia. The bikers crossed the Potomac River and rode through the crowded Georgetown neighborhood of Washington before turning around and heading back out the way they came in.\nCox said he expected Friday's halftime event to go peacefully, although he told Fox & Friends his group would step in to \"help police\" should any of the large number of expected anti-Trump protesters become violent or attempt to breach police barricades.\n\"In the event that we are needed, we certainly will form a wall of meat,\" he said. \"We'll be shoulder-to-shoulder with our brothers and we'll be toe-to-toe with anyone that is going to break through any police barriers, that's going to be assaulting women, spitting on them, throwing things at them. We are anticipating a peaceful transition of power.\"\n",
        "caption": "About 200 members of Bikers for Trump participated in an organized ride that began about 30 minutes outside Washington, in Dale City, Virginia, Jan. 19, 2017. (J. Fatzick/VOA)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/ACDD5F6E-21E8-441B-AFDD-617A2B9F66B4.jpg",
        "id": "8287_1",
        "answer": [
            "100",
            "100 people"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Bikers for Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_19_3683821",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_19_3683821_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What was the person with the yellow tie in the image called?",
        "context": "Trump in Middle East, But Back Home Focus Still on Comey Firing\nWASHINGTON \u2014\u00a0\nU.S. President Donald Trump focused Sunday on a major address to Muslim leaders at a summit in Riyadh, but back home the day's news shows were dominated by talk of his firing of FBI chief James Comey and investigations into the Trump campaign's links to Russia.\nTwo key Trump officials, Secretary of State Rex Tillerson and National Security Adviser H.R. McMaster, told interviewers that at a May 10 White House meeting with two Russian diplomats, Trump brought up Comey's ouster the day before in an effort to show how \"distracted\" he had been by Comey's investigation of possible Trump campaign collusion with Moscow interests to help him win the election.\nU.S. President Donald Trump meets with Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov, left, next to Russian Ambassador to the U.S. Sergei Kislyak at the White House in Washington, May 10, 2017. (Russian Foreign Ministry photo via AP)\nAccording to a New York Times report Friday, Trump told Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov and Moscow's U.S. ambassador, Sergey Kislyak, that Comey was \"a real nutjob\" and that his removal would relieve \"great pressure.\" Some opposition Democratic lawmakers say that Trump's dismissal of the official investigating him amounts to obstruction of justice, an impeachable offense.\nAnother Times story said Comey's notes from a February meeting with Trump the day after he fired his first national security adviser, Michael Flynn, showed that he urged Comey to drop his probe of Flynn's calls to Kislyak.\nMcMaster told ABC, \"The gist of the conversation was that the president feels as if he is hamstrung in his ability to work with Russia to find areas of cooperation because this has been obviously so much in the news.\"\nTillerson told Fox News that Trump was also trying to convey to the Russians that he was \"not going to be distracted by all these issues at home that affect us domestically.\"\nRepublican Senator John McCain, a frequent Trump critic, told Fox News that he was \"almost speechless\" that Trump would describe Comey in such negative terms. The White House has not denied Trump's attack on Comey while condemning leaks of the Oval Office meeting.\n\"I don't know why someone would say something like that,\" McCain said, but stopped short of saying Comey's firing was an effort to impede the FBI's investigation.\n\"I don't think it was a wise thing to do,\" McCain said. \"Mr. Comey was highly respected and highly regarded and so I can't explain it.\"\nFILE - In this April 21, 2016 file photo, attorney and former FBI Director Robert Mueller, right, arrives for a court hearing at the Phillip Burton Federal Building in San Francisco.\nEven with Trump dismissing Comey, Robert Mueller, Comey's predecessor as director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the country's top law enforcement agency, was named this past week as special prosecutor to investigate Russia's meddling in the election and whether any Trump aides colluded with Moscow to boost Trump's chances of defeating his Democratic challenger, Hillary Clinton.\nThe U.S. intelligence community has concluded Moscow hacked into the computer of Clinton campaign chief John Podesta, with the anti-secrecy group WikiLeaks subsequently releasing thousands of his emails in the weeks just before last November's election, depicting embarrassing behind-the-scenes efforts by Democratic operatives to help Clinton win the party's presidential nomination.\nAnother Republican lawmaker, Senator Marco Rubio, said, \"If any president tries to impede an investigation ... no matter who it is, by interfering with the FBI, yes, that would be problematic. That would be not just problematic, it would be obviously a potential obstruction of justice that people have to make a decision on.\"\nRubio said, however, that he would reserve judgment until he has heard Comey's public testimony before a congressional panel in the coming weeks about his contacts with Trump.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - A combination photo shows U.S. President Donald Trump (L) in the House of Representatives in Washington, U.S., on Feb. 28, 2017 and FBI Director James Comey in Washington on July 7, 2016. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/13907EED-4456-49DA-AF1E-6876C30ABCEF.jpg",
        "id": "33204_1_2",
        "answer": [
            "\"a real nutjob\""
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Comey"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_21_3864182",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_21_3864182_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "How many did the people in the image shoot?",
        "context": "Philippine Troops Begin Campaign to Retake City From Islamist Militants\nPhilippine troops entered a besieged city on the southern island of Mindanao Thursday to begin clearing out Islamist militants who virtually took control earlier this week.\nTwo military helicopters flew above the city\u2019s rooftops as armored tanks rolled through its neighborhoods amid sporadic gunfire and explosions. Many of Marawi\u2019s 200,000 citizens are fleeing to safety.\nThe crisis began late Tuesday when Philippine security forces launched a mission to arrest militant leader Isnilon Hapilon, who was believed to be in Marawi recovering from wounds sustained in a previous clash. The raid collapsed after a wave of militants stormed the city and went on a rampage, burning houses, a university and Catholic churches and taking hostages, including a priest and more than a dozen others at a cathedral. \nThe military says at least six government troops and 13 militants have been killed in the fighting. \nPresident Rodrigo Duterte has declared martial law in the southern Philippines, and has vowed to take harsh measures against the militants. He also warned he might expand martial law nationwide.\nDuterte\u2019s use of martial law has raised concerns among human rights groups, who have accused him of ordering security forces to kill thousands of people as part of his crackdown on illicit drugs.\nThe southern Philippines, particularly the resource-rich but poverty-wracked Mindanao region, has long been a hotbed of activity by the Abu Sayyaf and other fundamentalist groups.\nHapilon has sworn allegiance to Islamic State leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi.\nHis time as leader of the brutal Abu Sayyaf terror group, which has been blamed for numerous bombings, kidnappings for ransom and beheadings in the Philippines, includes the 2004 bombing of a ferry in Manila Bay that claimed more than 100 lives.\nThe United States has placed a $5 million bounty on his head for alleged terrorist acts against American citizens.\n",
        "caption": "Government troops walk past a mosque before their assault on insurgents from the so-called Maute group, who have taken over large parts of Marawi City, southern Philippines, May 25, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/DBED71FF-9A7A-47A5-B7F2-5DF80CBAA81B.jpg",
        "id": "30615_1",
        "answer": [
            "13 militants"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "troops"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_25_3870532",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_25_3870532_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What happened to one of the people in the image?",
        "context": "Death Toll Rises to 9 in Twin Somali Bombings\nThe death toll in Monday's twin suicide car bombings near Mogadishu international airport has risen to nine after rescue workers Tuesday found two bodies under the rubble of the Peace Hotel targeted by one of the bombers.\nRegional officials told VOA's Somali service that the bodies of a man and a woman were found after the hotel's security cameras showed them standing near a wall at the impact of the explosion. At least 21 people were injured in the attacks.\nThe al-Shabab militant group claimed responsibility for the attack. This was the second time the group used the tactic of back-to-back suicide vehicles, with the first meant to provoke panic and the second meant to cause maximum casualties.\nPeace Hotel, across from the main gate of Aden Adde International airport, Mogadishu, Somalia\nThe first of the two explosions targeted a checkpoint manned by Somali national security forces about midday local time. Immediately after the first explosion, a second car drove at high speed through the checkpoint and detonated outside the Peace Hotel opposite the airport, residents said.\nBoth explosions took place near Medina Gate, one of the main entrances of the airport.\nOfficials said the explosions also destroyed about 10 houses in the area. They said families had contacted rescue workers to report missing children, but none of those bodies have been found.\n\"First I heard gunshots, then a car explosion and then we took a duck,\" said a witness who could not be named for security reasons. \"When we came out to help the wounded, we saw a big truck drive through it [checkpoint], and it exploded.\"\nFILE - Somali soldiers filter through the debris of a destroyed building near the scene of a suicide car bomb attack in Mogadishu, Somalia, Jan, 2, 2017.\nThe second explosion was caused by a truck bomb, and it exploded at the road between the airport and the Peace Hotel, witnesses said.\nThe Peace Hotel sustained massive damage, said Abdulkadir Mohamed Abdulle, a reporter for VOA's Somali service. The hotel is often used by Somali ministers, NGO workers and Somalis from the diaspora.\nAhmed Ali, one of the residents in the neighborhood, told VOA one of his neighbors was killed when a home collapsed. The victim's sister and brother, a child, were wounded.\nA spokesman for the Mogadishu administration, Abdifatah Omar Halane, told VOA that \"this was the biggest, loudest explosion ever to happen in Mogadishu. Thank God it took place in an area where there are not lots of civilians.\"\nMogadishu ambulance services confirmed the death of one government soldier. The two suicide bombers were among those killed.\nSomali Foreign Minister Abdusalam Hadliye Omer, who was in Nairobi, told VOA he had been living at the Peace Hotel for the past two years. He condemned the attack as \"evil.\"\n\"This is a terrorist act carried out by a group that does not want to see peace and governance in Somalia,\" he said.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Somali soldiers filter through the debris of a destroyed building near the scene of a suicide car bomb attack in Mogadishu, Somalia, Jan, 2, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/877E41D4-DD55-4CA3-B2F3-8F7A2F2CB03B.jpg",
        "id": "26164_3",
        "answer": [
            "death"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "soldier"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_03_3661884",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_03_3661884_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the person with dark hair in the image fail to do?",
        "context": "Trump: Pass Health Care Friday, or Obamacare Stays\nU.S. President Donald Trump has threatened his fellow Republicans with leaving Obamacare in place and focusing on other issues, if they do not support a vote Friday on new health care legislation, a signature campaign promise of repealing and replacing the Affordable Care Act, also known as Obamacare.\nIt was not clear late Thursday night, after a day of negotiations up and down Pennsylvania Avenue, whether the Republican legislators had enough support to pass the long-promised health care bill.\nRepublicans Scramble to Salvage Health Care Vote, Trump Agenda\nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nRepublicans Scramble to Salvage Health Care Vote, Trump Agenda\nShare this video\n0:02:31\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:02:31\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 7.2MB\n360p | 11.2MB\n720p | 71.2MB\n1080p | 51.0MB\nTrump put his skills as a dealmaker on the line, but failed to win over the conservative House Freedom Caucus and even alienated some moderates afraid for their political futures. His failure and that of House Speaker Paul Ryan to secure enough votes backed the once unified Republican Party into a politically tricky corner that could be hard to escape, even if the bill eventually does pass.\n\u201cThis is one of those moments where you have got to say who you are really deep inside of you \u2014 are you for President Trump and repealing and replacing Obamacare, or are you against President Trump and are you against repealing and replacing Obamacare \u2014 it\u2019s that simple,\u201d Rep. Bradley Byrne, a Republican from Alabama, said as he emerged from a late afternoon emergency strategy meeting in Ryan\u2019s office after the House Freedom Caucus rejected the latest deal.\n\u201cThis is a tense moment for everybody, because we\u2019re driving down to the finish line, but I think there\u2019s a determination to get this done and get it done in the right way,\u201d Byrne told VOA.\nHouse Speaker Paul Ryan, R-Wis. (center) stands with Greg Walden, R-Ore. (right) and House Majority Whip Kevin McCarthy, R-Calif., during a news conference on the American Health Care Act on Capitol Hill.\nWeek of turmoil\n\u201cFor seven and a half years, we have been promising the American people that we will repeal and replace this broken law because it\u2019s collapsing and it\u2019s failing families, and tomorrow we\u2019re proceeding,\u201d Ryan said, without answering any questions from reporters.\nThis week\u2019s turmoil could decimate the political capital of the Republican leadership, ruining plans for tax reform and major infrastructure spending, and throwing a shadow over a looming budget battle that could shut down the government.\n\u201cAn effective speaker, an effective leader of House Republicans would have taken one look at this bill, understood it had no chance of passage and would have stopped the bill-writing in its tracks and never let it see the light of day,\u201d John Hudak, a senior fellow in governance studies at the Brookings Institution, told VOA. \u201cPaul Ryan failed to do that and he failed to do that at the expense of his own party, his own caucus and his own president.\u201d\nRyan scheduled the vote for the seventh anniversary of the signing of the Affordable Care Act, just weeks after introducing the legislation and before he could build consensus within his own party.\n\u201cI think you see here a Congress who is going to come away from this vote very worried that their president \u2014 the president of their party \u2014 is incapable of helping them task big ticket legislation,\u201d Hudak said.\nHouse Freedom Caucus Chairman Rep. Mark Meadows, R-N.C. smiles as he speaks with the media on Capitol Hill in Washington, March 23, 2017.\nConservatives hold up bill\nThe House Freedom Caucus, a politically conservative group of House members, kept the bill from the votes required for passage, arguing that Trump and Ryan\u2019s proposal violates limited government principles by keeping too many key provisions of President Obama\u2019s health care plan.\n\u201cWe\u2019re certainly trying to get to yes, but indeed, we\u2019ve made very reasonable requests and we\u2019re hopeful that those reasonable requests will be listened to and ultimately agreed to,\u201d Freedom Caucus Chair Mark Meadows told reporters after a last-minute White House meeting to negotiate with Trump.\nTrump has repeatedly warned caucus members they could lose big in 2018 midterm elections if they fail to act in support of his bill.\n\u201cThe president is correct: If Republicans fail to pass this bill, it will be a problem for them. The problem is passing the bill creates a problem for them as well,\u201d Hudak said.\nBut the president\u2019s concessions to the caucus alienated more moderate Republicans who fear the changes could doom the bill\u2019s chances in the Senate, ruining their own opportunities for re-election. Suddenly, Trump and Ryan found themselves facing a battle on two fronts within their own party.\nDemocrats\u2019 strategy\nHouse Democrats smelled blood in the water \u2014 and a future political opportunity \u2014 as they stood to the side, watching the events unfold.\nHouse Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi of Calif. speaks to reporters about Republican efforts to craft an \"Obamacare\" replacement bill, March 9, 2017, on Capitol Hill in Washington.\nMinority Leader Nancy Pelosi told reporters Trump made a \u201crookie\u201d mistake by staking his reputation as a negotiator on a piece of legislation that was rushed to a vote without party consensus.\n\u201cIf this bill were to fail today \u2014 rookie day \u2014 I stand ready to negotiate with them on how we can go forward in incorporating their ideas, saving face for them in some areas and doing right for the American people,\u201d Pelosi told reporters.\n\u201cThe Democrats, for once, are playing this in a masterfully political way. They recognize that the only thing worse than Republicans failing to pass this bill, is for Republicans to pass this bill,\u201d Hudak said. \u201cFor Democrats, it\u2019s a win-win.\u201d\nPelosi told reporters the situation ultimately will end up working in the Democrats\u2019 favor, no matter what the outcome.\n\u201cThis is a bad day for them,\u201d she said, summing up a week of uncertainty.\nVOA's Fern Robinson contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "House Speaker Paul Ryan, R-Wis. (center) stands with Greg Walden, R-Ore. (right) and House Majority Whip Kevin McCarthy, R-Calif., during a news conference on the American Health Care Act on Capitol Hill.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/4C8DC2C1-C063-4CD7-9C21-9EF171358449.jpg",
        "id": "16607_2",
        "answer": [
            "secure enough votes"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "House Speaker Paul Ryan"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_24_3780010",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_24_3780010_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What will the person with the yellow tie in the image do?",
        "context": "Washington Braces for Comey Testimony\nCAPITOL HILL \u2014\u00a0\nLawmakers' expectations varied as Capitol Hill braced for what promises to be a blockbuster event: Thursday's testimony by former FBI director James Comey on the Russia probe and his interactions with President Donald Trump before he was fired last month.\n\"This is an investigation into potential treason, potential espionage, potential obstruction of justice. It's very, very serious that we get it right,\" Democratic Senator Tim Kaine of Virginia said Tuesday.\nComey will testify before the Senate Intelligence Committee, which is probing Russian meddling in last year's U.S. election, as well as any ties between Moscow and Trump's inner circle. It will be his first public appearance since Trump abruptly dismissed him and reports surfaced that Comey had written memos detailing alleged pressure from the president to end the FBI's investigation of former national security adviser Michael Flynn.\nFILE - From left, President Donald Trump, former White House National Security Advisor Michael Flynn, FBI Director James Comey.\n\"I want to know what transpired at [Comey's] meetings with the president, with respect to the president asking him to lay off General Flynn,\" said Democratic Senator Dianne Feinstein of California.\n\"The bottom line is the truth,\" said Republican Senator Marco Rubio of Florida in a message to his constituents. \"We don't want to continue to have to rely on press reports or an anonymous source [regarding information Comey possesses]. I think it's important to hear directly from him.\"\nOn Wednesday, intelligence and Justice Department chiefs will testify on the law governing America's collection of foreign intelligence. While not part of the Russia investigation, the hearing will provide an opportunity for lawmakers to ask Deputy Attorney General Rod Rosenstein about a memo he wrote that the White House initially cited as justification for Comey's dismissal.\nBut it is Comey's testimony that has Washington \u2014 and much of the nation \u2014 in rapt anticipation.\n\"I would not imagine Jim Comey would have agreed to come unless he had something important to say,\" said independent Senator Angus King of Maine, who, at the same time, noted that the naming of former FBI Director Robert Mueller as a special counsel to lead the Russia probe could limit Comey's ability to speak out in open committee.\nFILE - Senate Intelligence Committee member Angus King, I-Maine, speaks on Capitol Hill in Washington, Dec. 9, 2014.\n\"Jim Comey may feel constrained if Mueller doesn't want his investigation to be carried out in public, at least this soon,\" King said.\n\"I expect us [committee members] to ask him to be sure that we get all of the answers we need, not just the answers he [Comey] wants to give,\" said Republican Senator Roy Blunt of Missouri.\nTrump has said he fired Comey for poor performance, and reportedly labeled him a \"nut job\" in a conversation with Russian diplomats. Speaking Wednesday at the White House, Trump said, \"I wish him luck.\"\nRarely do congressional hearings garner a national audience, but Comey's appearance is expected to be viewed by tens of millions of Americans on television and online. As members of a body often paralyzed by partisanship, senators said it is vital that Republicans and Democrats be seen working shoulder-to-shoulder in pursuit of the facts.\n\"We're going to have an opportunity to ask him [Comey] questions and to do so in front of the American people in an open hearing,\" Rubio said. \"And so that's an important moment for rule of law.\"\n\"The greatest degree of bipartisanship [in the Russia probe] is very important,\" Kaine said.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - From left, President Donald Trump, former White House National Security Advisor Michael Flynn, FBI Director James Comey.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/8BB5D98B-ABDF-412B-89B6-5C226A293BFB.jpg",
        "id": "3434_2",
        "answer": [
            "Comey had written memos detailing alleged pressure from the president to end the FBI's investigation of former national security adviser Michael Flynn.",
            "testify before the Senate Intelligence Committee"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Comey",
            "James Comey.",
            "James Comey"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_06_3889607",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_06_3889607_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the political party of the person in the image?",
        "context": "Turkish-German Relations Plummet with Berlin Banning Erdogan Rally in Germany\nISTANBUL \u2014\u00a0\nA new dispute between Ankara and Berlin has arisen, with the Turkish president being refused permission to hold a rally for ethnic Turks while he is attending the G20 summit next week in Germany.\n\u201cWe don't have the police forces available to ensure security, given the G20,\u201d said German Foreign Minister Sigma Gabriel. \u201cBut I also told them [Turkey] openly that such an appearance was not appropriate, given the conflict situation that exists with Turkey, and that it would not fit into the political landscape at this time.\u201d\nRelations between the two NATO members are at an unprecedented low. But Gabriel's announcement appears to have taken Ankara by surprise.\n\u201cWe are following the statements from Germany carefully,\u201d said an anonymous presidential source, quoted in the Turkish media. \nAttempts to get an official comment met with no success.\nThe Turkish foreign ministry, in a statement Thursday, slammed Social Democratic Party of Germany leader Martin Schulz for his demand that President Recep Tayyip Erdogan be prevented from speaking during his German visit.\n\u201cParticularly, the approach of someone who held the position of the presidency of the European Parliament towards imposing restrictions on freedom of assembly and expression once again reflects the true face of the mentality that we confront, as well as the double standard of those who aim to lecture the others,\u201d declared the Turkish Foreign Ministry statement.\nGermany's candidate for chancellor Martin Schulz talks to journalists after a news conference in Berlin, Germany, June 27, 2017.\nInfluenced by election campaign\nThere is a perception in Ankara that Erdogan's visit has fallen victim to the German general election campaign. Analysts said standing up to Erdogan will likely play well with German voters, given the current crackdown in Turkey that continues to draw growing international criticism and the fact the Turkish president accused German leaders of behaving like Nazis during his April referendum campaign to extend his powers.\nGerman authorities have raised concerns related to Erdogan's body guards who are wanted by U.S. authorities for allegedly beating protesters during the Turkish president's visit last month to Washington.\n\u201cI have reason to expect that these people [bodyguards], who have been incriminated by the American criminal justice (system) will not step onto German soil in the foreseeable future, including during the G20 summit.\u201d said German Foreign Ministry spokesman Martin Schaefer.\nTensions stoked \nPro-government Turkish media slammed the decision claiming Erdogan will be visiting Germany unprotected.\nErdogan stoked tensions before his German visit, warning that three million or so ethnic Turkish voters could be decisive in the forthcoming German polls.\n\"The Germans are very unhappy with UETD,[United European Turkish Democrats]. This is a Europe-wide organization of Erdogan's AKP Party. One of their aims is to get into the European political system through different parties,\" points out Professor Cengiz Aktar, an expert on Turkish European relations. \"We've seen this in the recent French elections and the German officials are very unhappy about any interference in their elections.\"\nReal consequences\nBilateral relations are still recovering from political fallout after German authorities banned some Turkish Cabinet ministers from campaigning for ethnic Turk votes in Germany during the April referendum. With Germany in the midst of its own election, there is little expedition of any improvement in ties soon.\n\u201cWe have to wait for the German elections and this going to take place in September so this summer will not give an opportunity for a new momentum [in German-Turkish relations],\u201d warns retired Turkish ambassador Unal Cevikoz, who now heads the Ankara Policy forum research organization. \u201cBut towards the end of Autumn this year we may see a new momentum.\u201d\nThe current bilateral strains are having real consequences. Berlin is relocating its forces in the coalition against Islamic State from the Turkish Incirlik air base, in response to Ankara's restrictions on access to the base. This week, German daily Die Welt reported Turkish intelligence is collecting information on members of the German parliament.\n'Boy who cried wolf'\nAnkara accuses Berlin of providing sanctuary to people involved in the July 2016 coup attempt. Erdogan and his ministers routinely threaten Berlin with ending a refugee deal with the European Union that has slowed the exodus of immigrants into Europe and Germany. But there is skepticism Ankara would ever take such a dramatic step.\n\u201cYou can only use leverage up to point otherwise it becomes the story of the boy who cried wolf,\u201d observes Semih Idiz of al-Monitor website. \u201cIf you keep saying you are going to do it, you are going to do it, but in the end nobody takes you seriously, and I think that's the problem facing Turkey at the moment.\u201d\nAnkara's reticence to play the migrant card is a sign that pragmatism on both sides will likely control the current tensions.\n\u201cGerman Turkish relations are very tense,\u201d points out analyst Aktar, \u201cbut Germany has huge economic stakes in Turkey so they will never sever the relationship similarly for Turkey.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "Germany's candidate for chancellor Martin Schulz talks to journalists after a news conference in Berlin, Germany, June 27, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/BDB9EFC0-A54B-4F6F-9BB7-C1D80D3FFB8E.jpg",
        "id": "1071_2",
        "answer": [
            "Social Democratic Party",
            "Social Democratic Party of Germany"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Martin Schulz"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_29_3921750",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_29_3921750_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What was the meeting of the people in the image focused towards?",
        "context": "Ivanka Trump Defends President's Stance Toward Women\nRemarks by President Donald Trump's daughter drew groans and hisses as she defended her father's position toward women Tuesday in Berlin, saying the media's criticism of the president's past attitudes toward women has \"been perpetuated.\"\nTrump said her experiences and those of other long-time women employees of Trump's business empire \"are a testament to his belief and solid conviction in the potential of women and their ability to do the job as well as any man.\"\nWATCH: Ivanka defends her father's stance on women \nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nIvanka Trump on Her Father's Stance on Women\nShare this video\n0:01:26\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:01:26\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 4.2MB\n360p | 5.3MB\n480p | 27.9MB\nScattered groans and hisses could be heard as Trump described her father as \"a tremendous champion of supporting families.\"\nTrump's remarks were made during a panel discussion at the G-20 women's summit on how to support women entrepreneurs. Participants included German Chancellor Angela Merkel and International Monetary Fund Managing Director Christine Lagarde.\nTrump, on her first international trip as a member of her father's U.S. presidential team, acknowledged that she is still learning how to positively affect the lives of women worldwide.\n\"I am really striving to think about how best to ... empower women in the economy both domestically and across the globe.\"\nWATCH: Ivanka on empowering women \nVideo size\nwidth\nx\nheight\npixels\nIvanka Trump on Empowering Women at W20\nShare this video\n0:00:54\n\u25b6\n0:00:00\n/0:00:54\n\u25b6\n\u25b6\nDirect link\n270p | 2.7MB\n360p | 3.6MB\n480p | 18.7MB\nCiting the United States as an example, Trump said the business climate for women entrepreneurs is \"incredibly exciting,\" given that only 30 percent of private businesses are owned by women, despite representing half of the population.\n\"There's a lot of wood to chop and we're not right there; we're not there yet,\" she said.\nShe has been a vocal supporter of policies benefiting working women. But she has been criticized, particularly by liberals who think she has done little to moderate the president's conservative agenda and who question the impact of his policies on families.\nOther attendees at the two-day summit of the world's leading economic powers include Canadian Foreign Minister Chrystia Freeland and the Netherlands' Queen Maxima.\nTrump was invited to the summit by Merkel. The invitation prompted speculation among some commentators that it was a way to open a channel to President Trump after an awkward White House meeting last month.\nTrump also visited Berlin's memorial to the six million Jews who were murdered by the Nazis. She converted to Judaism before marrying Jared Kusher in 2009. \nTrump is an informal White House advisor to her father, a highly unusual role for the daughter of a U.S. president. She is an increasingly influential player in the West Wing of the White House, where her husband, a top presidential advisor, also has an office.\nIn an attempt to allay ethics concerns about her position, Trump said in late March she would serve in an unpaid informal advisory role. \n",
        "caption": "Ivanka Trump, daughter and adviser of U.S. President Donald Trump, International Monetary Fund Managing Director Christine Lagarde and German Chancellor Angela Merkel, from left, attend a panel at the W20 Summit in Berlin, April 25, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/5A9B1DFB-90F4-4FE0-A09B-33EAC45927E6.jpg",
        "id": "12643_1",
        "answer": [
            "how to support women entrepreneurs",
            "None"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Trump",
            "Ivanka Trump, daughter and adviser of U.S. President Donald Trump, International Monetary Fund Managing Director Christine Lagarde and German Chancellor Angela Merkel"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_25_3824675",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_25_3824675_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who was protecting the people in the image?",
        "context": "Marches Against Islamic Law Planned in Some US Cities\nPORTLAND, ORE. \u2014\u00a0\nMarches against Islamic law were planned Saturday in more than two dozen cities across the United States, but scholars and others say the protesters are stoking unfounded fears and promoting a distorted and prejudiced view of the religion. \nThe group organizing the rallies, ACT for America, claims Shariah \u201cis incompatible with Western democracy and the freedoms it affords.\u201d \nWhat is Shariah?\nBut most Muslims don\u2019t want to replace U.S. law with Islamic law, known as Shariah, and only \u201cradical extremist groups\u201d would call for that, said Liyakat Takim, a professor of Islamic studies at McMaster University in the Canadian city of Hamilton, Ontario. \nShariah, Takim said, refers to guidelines or principles \u2014 how Muslims should live. \u201cFiqh\u201d refers to jurisprudence, or specific laws. The values embedded in Shariah do not change and are shared among Muslims, he said, while fiqh is open to interpretation and change, and in fact differs among Islamic sects and communities. \n\u201cIn the public domain, Muslims are not required or expected to impose their laws on the country in which they live as the minority,\u201d Takim said, adding there has never been an understanding \u201cthat the same laws would be applicable at all times in all places.\u201d \n\u201cThe Quran allows slavery, so does the Old Testament. That doesn\u2019t mean we allow it today, too,\u201d he said. \u201cLaws are amenable to change.\u201d \nThe marches come amid a rise in reports of anti-Muslim incidents in the U.S., including arson attacks and vandalism at mosques, harassment of women wearing Muslim head coverings and bullying of Muslim schoolchildren. \nState laws, far-right groups\nBut while there is little likelihood that Shariah would ever supplant U.S. law, some states have moved to insulate themselves against the possibility. \nAlabama, Arkansas, Arizona, Louisiana, Kansas, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Dakota and Tennessee have enacted laws prohibiting the use of foreign law in state courts, according to the National Conference of State Legislatures. \nIn Idaho a Republican lawmaker earlier this year introduced a measure aimed at preventing Shariah from being applied, though an Idaho judge has never based a ruling on Islamic law. \nTwo far-right groups, the Oath Keepers and the Three Percenters, are to provide security at some of the anti-Shariah demonstrations, according to the Southern Poverty Law Center, which monitors hate groups. \nACT for America has chapters around the country and says it is focused on fighting terrorism and promoting national security. It says it condemns bias against religious groups and is \u201cproud to stand shoulder to shoulder with peaceful Western Muslims as well as peaceful Muslims worldwide.\u201d \nCounter-marches, freedom of speech\nOn Saturday counter-demonstrations were planned by opponents who called the events anti-Muslim. \nRep. Debbie Dingell, a Michigan Democrat who says her district has the largest population of Muslims in the U.S., said the marchers \u201cwill be total failures on Saturday because we will be united against them.\u201d \nFreedom of speech has become a contentious issue surrounding the marches, apparently the first simultaneous anti-Shariah rallies held across the U.S. \nPortland rally moved\nA march had been planned for Portland, but an organizer moved it to Seattle after Portland Mayor Ted Wheeler called on the federal government to deny a permit. Wheeler said the rally would exacerbate tensions after two men were stabbed to death in May on a commuter train while protecting two teenage girls from a man casting anti-Muslim slurs. \nThe organizer said \u201cinflammatory comments\u201d by Wheeler put participants at risk of violence. The American Civil Liberties Union of Oregon scolded Wheeler, saying trying to deny a permit without imminent threat of violence amounted to unconstitutional government censorship. \nSeattle was one of the cities where a counter-march was planned. Aneelah Afzali, who heads a Seattle-area group that works against discrimination and hate crimes, said she will also be putting up an \u201cask a Muslim booth\u201d so people can ask questions directly about Islam, and dispel any misconceptions. \n\u201cWe want to counter (the anti-Shariah march) and keep it as positive as possible, and educate people about what Islam teaches,\u201d Afzali said in a phone interview. \n",
        "caption": "FILE - Thousands of protesters gather in Portland, Ore., for competing rallies following last month's fatal stabbing of two men on a light-rail train by a man police say was shouting anti-Muslim slurs. Marches against Islamic law are scheduled in more than two dozen cities across the United States, June 10, 2017. Counter-demonstrations were also planned.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/20C9C15F-7549-4E9B-8BD3-6A0247CA3801.jpg",
        "id": "1290_1",
        "answer": [
            "the Oath Keepers and the Three Percenters"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "demonstrations"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_10_3894861",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_10_3894861_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the person at the podium in the image blaming?",
        "context": "Mexico Approves 4 Trademarks for Trump\nMEXICO CITY \u2014\u00a0\nOn Feb. 19, 2016, at a campaign rally in North Charleston, South Carolina, then-candidate Donald Trump gave a stump speech in which he railed against American jobs moving to Mexico: \u201cWe lose our jobs, we close our factories, Mexico gets all of the work,\u201d he said. \u201cWe get nothing.\u201d \nThat same day a law firm in Mexico City quietly filed on behalf of his company for trademarks on his name that would authorize the Trump brand, should it choose, to set up shop in a country with which he has sparred over trade, migration and the planned border wall. \nThe Trump trademarks have now been granted by the Mexican Institute of Industrial Property (IMPI). Records show the last three were approved February 21, just more than a month after Trump took office, and a fourth was granted October 6, about a month before the U.S. election.\nFILE - A banner with an image of Donald Trump promotes an exhibition that features dozens of works by Mexican and international cartoonists, mocking among other things the U.S. president's derogatory statements about Mexicans and his plans to build a wall and make Mexico pay for it.\nRecent trademark approvals\nTrump\u2019s company has notched several trademark wins recently. The Associated Press reported Wednesday that the Chinese government recently granted preliminary approval for 38 trademarks to Trump and a related company. \nThat sparked outrage from some Democratic senators and critics, who have been pushing Trump to sever financial ties with his global businesses to avoid potential violations of the emoluments clause of the U.S. Constitution, which bars federal officials from accepting anything of value from foreign governments unless approved by Congress.\nThe Mexican trademarks cover a broad range of business operations that can roughly be broken down into construction; construction materials; hotels, hospitality and tourism; and real estate, financial services and insurance. They are all valid through 2026.\nThe same four trademarks were previously held in the name of Donald J. Trump and expired in 2015, a year before the new applications. The new approvals list the trademark owner as the company DTTM Operations LLC, with an address in the Trump Tower on Fifth Avenue in New York.\nNo new deals abroad\nAs president, Trump has handed management of his business to his two adult sons and vowed to strike no new deals abroad while he is in office. However critics say questions remain about possible conflicts of interest, noting that foreigners could still seek to influence Trump by helping his existing foreign operations or by easing the way for future ones after he leaves the Oval Office.\nTrump Organization General Counsel Alan Garten said the Mexican government\u2019s decision was not a special favor to the president.\n\u201cWe\u2019re not being granted anything we didn\u2019t have before,\u201d he said. The original trademarks came \u201cyears before (Trump) even announced his candidacy.\u201d\nGarten said the Mexican trademarks originally had two purposes: laying the ground for possible new ventures and keeping other people from using Trump\u2019s name for their own businesses. \nHe said the trademarks are wholly defensive now.\n\u201cCircumstances have changed,\u201d Garten said. \u201cHe\u2019s been elected and we agreed not to do foreign deals.\u201d\nEthical gray area \nRichard Painter, the chief White House ethics lawyer under George W. Bush, said the Mexican grants are in an ethical gray area: defensive in nature now, perhaps, but setting the president up to profit when he leaves office.\n\u201cTo what extent is this appropriate? I don\u2019t know,\u201d Painter said. \u201cWe never had Obama running around the world locking up his name, or Bush.\u201d\nIntellectual property lawyer Enrique Alberto Diaz Mucharraz is listed on the trademark filings. A junior partner at the Mexico City law firm Goodrich Riquelme y Asociados, he declined to comment citing client confidentiality rules. Phones rang unanswered at the public relations office of IMPI, and there was no response to an emailed request for comment on a list of questions. \nTrademarks can prove enormously valuable to companies, especially in countries with a growing number of middle class consumers who recognize the brand, said Ashwinpaul C. Sondhi of A.C. Sondhi & Associates, an investment consultancy in Safety Harbor, Florida.\nWhy do business in Mexico?\nMexican political analyst Alejandro Hope said IMPI is generally considered to be apolitical and the trademark concession was most likely a technical decision. \nMore remarkable, Hope said, was that the application was filed during a heated campaign when \u201che had already started using Mexico as a pinata\u201d for political purposes. \n\u201cWhat I find striking is that these guys were thinking about doing business in Mexico while they were trashing Mexico on the campaign trail,\u201d Hope added.\nFILE - A Trump Ocean Resort Baja billboard with a photo of Donald Trump advertises condos for sale on the outskirts of Tijuana, Mexico. But the Trump Ocean Resort Baja Mexico project collapsed, and dozens of buyers who lost their 30 percent deposits sued.\nSpotty business record\nLast decade he and his children aggressively promoted a luxury hotel and condo development with the Trump name on it that was planned for the northern Baja California coast, near Tijuana. In December 2006, 188 units were sold for $122 million during an event at a hotel in San Diego. \nBut the Trump Ocean Resort Baja Mexico project collapsed, and dozens of buyers who had lost their 30 percent deposits sued in March 2009. Trump settled out of court in November 2013 for an undisclosed sum; in a separate settlement the previous year, developer Irongate, which had licensed the Trump name, agreed to pay the buyers $7.25 million. \nOn the Caribbean island of Cozumel, near Cancun, Trump tried in 2007 to purchase land for a luxury resort complete with an airstrip and golf course, according to Mexican media reports. It met with local and environmental opposition, and never went anywhere. \nUnpopular in Mexico\nIn all, Trump controls at least 20 trademarks in Mexico, including for Trump Ocean Resort and Trump Isla Cozumel. Others cover activities such as concierge and spa services, alcoholic beverages, golf club operations and home furnishings. For clothing, there\u2019s the Donald J. Trump Signature Collection. \nIf there are plans to take the Trump brand to Mexico, it could be tough going because of widespread popular anger toward the president for his comments disparaging Mexican immigrants who come to the United States illegally, his threats to tear up the North American Free Trade Agreement and his vows to make Mexico pay for the border wall. \nHope said that if a Trump hotel were in the cards, its prospects could depend a lot on location. \n\u201cIn Mexico City, I guess they would face a lot of political backlash at this point,\u201d Hope said. Maybe it would fly in more politically insulated areas, like the beach resorts of Cancun or Los Cabos. \u201cBut even that would be a hard sell.\u201d \n",
        "caption": "FILE - Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump speaks during a campaign stop in North Charleston, S.C., Feb. 19, 2016. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/6D53CA4A-E858-49BC-8CD9-ED8F7DCBF008.jpg",
        "id": "4123_1",
        "answer": [
            "American jobs moving to Mexico",
            "Mexico"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Donald Trump",
            "Trump"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_12_3761974",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_12_3761974_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What region of the continent do the people in the image live?",
        "context": "Somalia's Drought Once Again Has Thousands on the Move\nGARASBALEY, SOMALIA \u2014\u00a0\nTears fill Sahra Muse's eyes as she stares at her severely malnourished son, his thin arms crossed over his bloated stomach.\nBefore he succumbed to hunger, 7-year-old Ibrahim Ali had helped his mother herd the family's 30 cows on their farm in Toratorow, a village in Lower Shabelle region. But the family lost all they had to the growing drought.\nThe 32-year-old Muse walked for three days to reach this wind-swept camp 13 kilometers (8 miles) south of Somalia's capital earlier this week, leaving behind her other three children and their father. \"Life is becoming so hard. We have nothing to survive, and I don't know how long he will survive,\" Muse said of her son. She sat in a small hut made of sticks. Rubbing her bloodshot eyes, she said the boy's cries had kept her awake for days.\nThe Garasbaley camp was set up by local villagers to help the desperate but they are waiting for an international agency to provide food to help the hungry. With no food at the camp and no money for transport, Muse is preparing another day's hike to the capital, Mogadishu, to help her son. He survived the 2011 drought that killed roughly a quarter of a million people in Somalia and she is desperate to save him again.\nSomalia's current drought is threatening half of the country's population, or about 6 million people, according to the United Nations. Aid agencies have scaled up efforts but say more support is urgently needed.\nThe emergency is joined by similar hunger crises in South Sudan, northeastern Nigeria and Yemen, which together make up what the United Nations calls the world's largest humanitarian disaster in more than 70 years. Africa's hunger crisis strikes as President Donald Trump's proposed budget would pull the U.S. from its traditional role as the world's largest donor to emergencies.\nThe crisis has once again uprooted hundreds of thousands of people across Somalia, which already has a sprawling diaspora of 2 million people after a quarter-century of conflict.\nNewly displaced Somalis walk through a camp in the Garasbaley area on the outskirts of Mogadishu, Somalia, March 28, 2017.\nDrought-stricken families are on the move, trying to reach points where international aid agencies are distributing food. The agencies cannot distribute food in areas under the control of al-Shabab, Somalia's homegrown Islamic extremist rebels who are affiliated to al-Qaida. Somalia's fragile central government struggles to assert itself beyond the capital and other limited areas.\nBetween November and the end of February, around 257,000 people in this Horn of Africa nation have been internally displaced because of the drought, according to the U.N. refugee agency. Some are moving to urban areas, others into neighboring countries.\nEach day, dozens of new arrivals come into this camp. Exhausted and starving women hold children crying from hunger, sheltering in huts to avoid the scorching sun. Unable to breastfeed, all they can do is swaddle the children with pieces of fabric and rock them to try to calm them to sleep.\nThey see nowhere else to go, and no aid so far has reached them.\nAydrus Salah watched his wife die of hunger on their way to the camp. Feeling helpless, he carried his three children on a two-day long trek from their hometown of Yaqbariweyne.So far, no food has been offered to him at the camp, he said. He barely sleeps and when he does he has nightmares since his wife died of hunger on the trek to the camp.\n\"I really become very emotional when I remember my wife dying in front of me,\" the 30-year-old said, in tears.\nHis animals, including goats and cattle, that served as their sole income also have perished.\n\"I had no other option but to leave,\" Salah said, carrying one of his children near his newly erected hut. \"We finally arrived here, and the suffering still continues.\"\n",
        "caption": "Newly displaced Somalis walk through a camp in the Garasbaley area on the outskirts of Mogadishu, Somalia, March 28, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/E3441181-C29A-42AB-B2A1-6314D432AF62.jpg",
        "id": "26701_2",
        "answer": [
            "Horn of Africa"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "displaced"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_29_3786475",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_29_3786475_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What accompanied the vehicles in the image?",
        "context": "North Korea Calls US Bombing Drill \u2018Provocation\u2019\nSEOUL, SOUTH KOREA \u2014\u00a0\nNorth Korean state media have sharply criticized a recent bombing drill by two U.S. B-1B bombers on the Korean peninsula, calling it a dangerous move raising the risk of nuclear war.\nA commentary Sunday in the ruling party\u2019s Rodong Sinmun newspaper accused the U.S. of \u201creckless military provocations\u201d and said the danger of nuclear war is reaching an extreme pitch. The commentary was reported on in English by the state Korean Central News Agency.\nTwo U.S. Air Force bombers released inert weapons Friday on a training range in South Korea. South Korean F-15 and U.S. F-16 fighter jets joined them in the drill. The bombers also flew with Japanese F-2 fighter jets over the East China Sea on their way back to Andersen Air Force Base in Guam.\nThe 10-hour mission came three days after North Korea tested an intercontinental ballistic missile on Fourth of July, America\u2019s Independence Day. President Donald Trump and the leaders of South Korea and Japan, meeting during the G-20 summit in Germany, issued a joint statement condemning the launch.\nU.S. military officials described the bomber mission as a defensive show of force and unity that demonstrated \u201cthe ironclad U.S. commitment to our allies.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "U.S. Air Force B-1B Lancer bombers, left and second from left, fly with South Korean and U.S. fighter jets over the Korean Peninsula, South Korea, July 8, 2017, in this photo provided by South Korea Defense Ministry.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/0E9992E9-A36A-46A8-B19D-E5905F92E4C6.jpg",
        "id": "21714_1",
        "answer": [
            "South Korean F-15 and U.S. F-16 fighter jets",
            "None",
            "Japanese F-2 fighter jets"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "bombers",
            "U.S. Air Force B-1B Lancer bombers"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_09_3934520",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_09_3934520_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What can happen to the events like those in the image?",
        "context": "US Issues Travel Alert for Kenya\nThe U.S. has warned Americans living in or planning to travel to Kenya about possible outbreaks of violence before the country's August 8 general elections.\nIn a travel alert issued Thursday, the State Department said, \"rallies, demonstrations, and protests may occur with little notice and even those intended to be peaceful can escalate into violence.\"\nThe alert added that \"criminal elements or terrorists\" could target demonstrators and visitors.\nOpposition leader Raila Odinga warned in February of possible mass protests if the results of the upcoming elections are falsified.\nThere is a recent history of political unrest in Kenya. In 2007, more than 1,200 people were killed after political protests over a disputed poll intensified into ethnic fighting. Elections in 2013 were peaceful. \n",
        "caption": "FILE - University students run as police use tear gas to disperse them during a demonstration in Nairobi, Kenya, Sept, 22, 2015.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/ECCF375B-92F5-48CA-B268-E449B7B3BE13.jpg",
        "id": "24934_1",
        "answer": [
            "escalate into violence"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "demonstration"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_06_3799236",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_04_06_3799236_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who is the leader of the country of the people in the image?",
        "context": "China, India Standoff Worsens Over Himalayan Plateau\nBEIJING \u2014\u00a0\nChina has insisted India withdraw its troops from a disputed Himalayan plateau before talks can take place to settle the most protracted standoff in recent years between the nuclear-armed neighbors, who fought a bloody frontier war 55 years ago.\nIndia must pull back its troops \u201cas soon as possible\u201d as a precondition to demonstrate sincerity, foreign ministry spokesman Geng Shuang told reporters at a daily news briefing. \nHis comments came after weeks of saber-rattling in New Delhi and Beijing, as both sides talk up a potential clash bloodier than their 1962 war that left thousands dead.\nRelations swiftly deteriorating\nThe standoff could spill over into the G-20 summit in Germany later this week where Chinese President Xi Jinping and his Indian counterpart Narendra Modi are expected to meet at a gathering of leaders from five emerging economies on the sidelines of the main event.\nThe monthlong standoff and unconfirmed reports of troop buildups on both sides of the border have also underscored the swiftly deteriorating relations between the two Asian rivals headed by assertive leaders with a nationalist bent.\nChina complained bitterly when Tibet\u2019s spiritual leader, the Dalai Lama, who lives in exile in India, visited the contested Arunachal Pradesh region in April, which India said amounted to interference in its internal affairs. \nChina also appeared frustrated that India has refused to join its continentwide \u201cOne Belt, One Road\u201d infrastructure initiative, which includes a key component in Pakistan, India\u2019s archrival but one of China\u2019s staunchest allies. \nMeanwhile, India has fumed about China using its position at the United Nations to effectively stymie India\u2019s efforts to gain permanent membership in the Security Council or label the Pakistani militant Masood Azhar a terrorist.\n'Fragile, volatile relationship'\nDespite a litany of grievances on both sides, frequent clashes on the 3,500-kilometer (2,174-mile) shared border have been the most prominent irritant in efforts to build stable bilateral ties, said Zhang Li, an expert on China-India relations at Sichuan University.\n\u201cThe border clashes show how fragile and volatile the relationship can be,\u201d Zhang said, noting that the latest flare-up took place in an area relatively free of past trouble and not previously contested.\nThe dispute flared in June after Chinese teams began building a road on territory also claimed by Bhutan. Although China and Bhutan have been negotiating the precise border for decades without serious incident, the tiny Himalayan kingdom sought help this time from its longtime ally, India, which sent troops onto the plateau to stop the Chinese workers.\nSince then, videos have emerged of Indian and Chinese soldiers blocking each other with their arms and physically jostling without coming to blows. \nSniping on both sides\nIncensed with India\u2019s involvement, China retaliated by closing a nearby mountain pass that Indian pilgrims use to reach Mount Kailash, a sacred Hindu and Buddhist site in Tibet. China\u2019s foreign ministry also presented to reporters historical documents that it says prove China\u2019s claims to the plateau.\nThat hasn\u2019t stopped the two-way sniping. After Chinese officials said India should learn \u201chistoric lessons\u201d from its humiliating defeat in the 1962 war, Indian Defense Minister Arun Jaitley responded that \u201cIndia in 2017 is different from India in 1962,\u201d in a reference to its improved military strength.\nWhile Indian media have issued shrill warnings about Chinese expansionism, Chinese state media have also ramped up their bellicose rhetoric, with the nationalist tabloid Global Times warning Wednesday that Beijing would make no concessions.\nZhang, the Sichuan University professor, acknowledged the unusually tough talk from both sides but said the conduct of the two militaries and foreign ministries has been relatively restrained and \u201cwithin normal bounds.\u201d\nAbhijnan Rej, a fellow at the Observer Research Foundation, a New Delhi-based think tank, said India needed to \u201cshow resolve\u201d as China tries to pry away its traditional allies like Bhutan and assert itself as the region\u2019s leader.\nChina has \u201cexhibited a larger pattern in the last two years\u201d and sees itself as an Asian hegemon, Rej said. \u201cYou don\u2019t become that by playing by the rules.\u201d\nDoklam Plateau\nEven though the Doklam Plateau is not part of Indian territory, New Delhi has been particularly sensitive to Chinese building activity in a region with strategic significance.\nIf linked by Chinese roads, Doklam could become a launching point for a Chinese attack on the vital Siliguri corridor, also known as the \u201cChicken Neck,\u201d that connects India\u2019s northeast with the rest of the country, Indian analysts say. Last month, India\u2019s Ministry of Externals Affairs said Chinese actions in the area had \u201cserious security implications.\u201d\nAside from Doklam, the two countries have vast competing territorial claims. China claims about 90,000 square kilometers (35,000 square miles) in the Indian province of Arunachal Pradesh, referred to informally by some Chinese as \u201cSouthern Tibet.\u201d India, meanwhile, says 38,000 square kilometers (15,000 square miles) of the Aksai Chin plateau belongs to it.\nMore than a dozen rounds of talks have failed to make substantial progress in the dispute, although there have been relatively few confrontations in recent years. India has also formally joined the Russian and Chinese-dominated Shanghai Cooperation Organization this year alongside Pakistan.\nFormer Indian Ambassador to Beijing C.V. Ranganathan said he was baffled by why the typical diplomatic channels that have smoothed over other flare-ups have not worked.\n\u201cThe fact that this has lasted so long is not a good sign,\u201d he said. \u201cIndia and China\u2019s relationship has been on a downward trend recently and this in fact is yet another example.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "Activists of Swadeshi Jagaran Manch, a Hindu right-wing organization promoting indigenous products, shout slogans against China during a protest in New Delhi, India, July 4, 2017. They were protesting China's decision to suspend the pilgrimage to Kailash ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/2BD18213-F6F3-4F05-A0B0-65B8F40AEB5B.jpg",
        "id": "627_1",
        "answer": [
            "Narendra Modi"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "India"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_06_3930500",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_06_3930500_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What acronym describes the organization who found the people in the image?",
        "context": "Tanzanian Kids Hurt in Horrific Bus Crash Recovering in US\nThree Tanzanian children who sustained multiple fractures in a school bus accident that killed 32 of their classmates are on the road to recovery after successful surgeries at a Sioux City, Iowa, hospital.\nThe three were flown to Iowa from Tanzania on a DC-8 plane supplied by Samaritan's Purse, an evangelical Christian humanitarian organization based in Boone, North Carolina.\nA Tanzanian doctor who accompanied the three, Elias Mashala, told VOA Swahili Service on Monday the children have undergone several hours-long operations to repair broken bones suffered in the crash.\nWell-wishers bid farewell to the three children before they left Tanzania for the U.S. aboard the Samaritan\u2019s Purse DC-8. (Photo courtesy of Samaritan's Purse)\nThe kids \u2014 Wilson, a 12-year-old boy; Sadhia, a 12-year-old girl; and Doreen, a 13-year-old girl \u2014 are now recovering at Mercy Medical Center Hospital. Their mothers, who accompanied them on the trip to the United States, told VOA Swahili they are hopeful their children will return to full health.\nThe children survived the horrific May 6 crash in northern Tanzania, when their school bus plunged off the road into a ravine. Thirty-two of their classmates, two teachers, and the bus driver were killed. School authorities said they were on the way to another school for an exam when the crash occurred.\nThe three mothers accompanied their children from Tanzania to the U.S. for surgeries and recovery following the horrific bus crash May 6, 2017. (Photo courtesy of Samaritan's Purse)\nAmerican missionaries serving with Siouxland Tanzania Education Medical Ministries, or STEMM, happened upon the accident moments after it occurred and joined local rescuers to offer help. While pulling bodies from the wreckage, the missionaries said they found the three children still breathing, despite suffering massive injuries.\nSamaritan's Purse named the missionaries as Jennifer Milby, a licensed nurse practitioner; Manda Volkers, a nurse with 25 years of experience; and Kevin Negaard, the executive director of Sunnybrook Church in Sioux City.\n\"Kevin, Jennifer, and Manda were by the sovereignty of God late by an hour and a half that morning to where they were going,\" said Dr. Steven Meyer, the co-founder of STEMM, according to an article on the Samaritan's Purse website. \"If they had been two minutes earlier, they never would have seen it, and they never would have known about it.\"\nWilson, 12 \u2014 one of three survivors on a school bus crash in Tanzania May 6 \u2014 smiles before leaving Tanzania on his way to the United States for surgery and follow-up care. (Photo courtesy of Samaritan's Purse)\n\"There's no question that God put them there at that point in time,\" he said.\nThe kids were taken to a local hospital in Arusha and arrangements were made to transfer the children to the United States through Samaritan's Purse, an international aid group led by evangelist Franklin Graham.\nThe children are expected to remain in Sioux City for a least two months, recovering from their surgeries and receiving physical therapy, as well as counseling to help them recover emotionally and psychologically.\n",
        "caption": "Wilson, 12 \u2014 one of three survivors on a school bus crash in Tanzania May 6 \u2014 smiles before leaving Tanzania on his way to the United States for surgery and follow-up care. (Photo courtesy of Samaritan's Purse)",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D7DAB87F-FBC2-48EF-A875-2BBB54ED210A.jpg",
        "id": "1592_4",
        "answer": [
            "STEMM"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Tanzania"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_24_3868937",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_24_3868937_4"
    },
    {
        "question": "How is the art in the image shaped?",
        "context": "Argentine Goldsmith Creates Roses From Falklands War Weapons\nBUENOS AIRES \u2014\u00a0\nWorking with precious metals takes time and patience - much like healing the painful wounds of war.\nArgentine goldsmith Juan Carlos Pallarols is creating beautiful roses and other pieces of art from bullets, pistols and even parts of airplanes from the Falkland Islands war as a way of promoting peace between his country and Britain. The nations fought a brief but bloody 1982 war after Argentina invaded the South Atlantic archipelago.\nThe self-proclaimed pacifist is also known for crafting the presidential batons of Argentine presidents and the chalice of Pope Francis. His latest project fuses weapons donated by families of the Argentine and British war dead and is called \u201ctwo roses for peace.\u201d\n\u201cThe idea is to transform the material of war into objects of art and peace,\u201d Pallarols told The Associated Press Wednesday at his workshop in Buenos Aires.\nBullets shells of FAL rifles, 9 mm pistols, anti-aircraft ammunitions, and parts of C-130 Hercules and Mirage III airplanes have been melted in an oven at Pallarols' workshop, where the 74-year-old artist turns them into stems and petals of roses paying homage to the war dead.\n\u201cThe airplane bullets are an excuse,\u201d he said. \u201cWhat I want is to fuse the hearts and love of the people. I want love to fuse. That will be the real success of all of this.\u201d\nIn all, the war claimed the lives of 649 Argentines and 255 British soldiers.\nVeterans and families of the war dead on both sides have agreed to place one of the roses at a cemetery for Argentine soldiers and another at a cemetery for British soldiers in the Falklands. A third one will be thrown into the ocean inside a heavy lead box so it will sink at the same coordinates where the ``General Belgrano'' Argentine naval ship was sunk by British torpedoes, killing more than 300 of its crew members.\nA fourth rose will be taken to Bahia Agradable, or Pleasant Bay, the location of bloody fighting during the war. A last one will remain in the local cemetery of the island in memory of three civilian women killed during the conflict. \n\u2018It's better to be friends\u2019\nThe Falklands are internally self-governing, but Britain is responsible for defense and foreign affairs. Argentina claims Britain has illegally occupied the islands since 1833. But Britain disputes the claim and says Argentina is ignoring the wishes of the 3,000 residents, who wish to remain British.\nDuring her eight years in power, former President Cristina Fernandez tried to pressure Britain into sovereignty talks by turning away British ships, encouraging companies to divest from Britain and raising other trade barriers. But tensions have eased since pro-business President Mauricio Macri took office last year vowing a less-confrontational stance.\nIn a surprising breakthrough after decades of strained relations, Argentina and Britain recently agreed to launch a multinational team of forensics experts that will identify the remains of more than 100 Argentine soldiers buried in a cemetery after the war. Both countries also agreed to lift some restrictions on trade and increase the number of flights to the islands.\n\u201cWe have so many things in common with the [British],\u201d Pallarols said. \u201cIf we were to take out everything from Argentina that is influenced by the English, we'd be left very sad; we wouldn't have football, polo, rugby, and rock! It's better to be friends and not fight at all.\u201d\n",
        "caption": "Juan Carlos Pallarols, 74, poses with a rose made with pieces of warplanes from the Falklands war, at his studio in Buenos Aires, Argentina, Jan. 25, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/93C305BB-D236-40EA-BF27-EC134E8E71C7.jpg",
        "id": "28974_1",
        "answer": [
            "melted in an oven"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "roses"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_01_3702184",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_01_3702184_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the woman in the image not want to happen?",
        "context": "Israel Detains Palestinian Lawmaker on Security Allegations\nJERUSALEM \u2014\u00a0\nIsraeli security forces detained a female Palestinian lawmaker on Sunday for alleged security offenses.\nThe Shin Bet internal security service said Khalida Jarrar was arrested along with a Palestinian activist near the West Bank city of Ramallah for \"promoting terror activities,\" without elaborating.\nJarrar, 55, is a popular figure among Palestinians and is known for fiery speeches against Israel. In 2015, Israel sentenced her to 15 months for incitement to violence.\nHer husband, Ghassan said forces seized computers in Sunday's raid.\nJarrar is a senior member of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine, a left-leaning faction opposed to peace with Israel. The group was involved in hijackings and other major attacks in the 1970s but has largely scaled back its militant activities in recent years.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Palestinian lawmaker Khalida Jarrar is greeted by supporters after her release from an Israeli prison at the Jabara checkpoint near the West Bank town of Tulkarem, June 3, 2016.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/32AC2E94-E0E7-4C15-8C85-6A513EB13E54.jpg",
        "id": "28185_1",
        "answer": [
            "peace with Israel"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Jarrar"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_02_3924930",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_02_3924930_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What do the people in the image not agree with?",
        "context": "Kashmiri Rebel Chief Rejects US Terror Sanctions\nISLAMABAD \u2014\u00a0\nThe leader of a prominent Kashmir rebel group has rejected U.S. sanctions and vowed to continue fighting until the disputed Himalayan region is \u201cliberated from India.\u201d\nSyed Salahuddin, who operates from the Pakistani-controlled portion of Kashmir, said at a news conference Saturday that Washington\u2019s decision will not impact activities of his Hizbul Mujahideen, the main militant organization fighting New Delhi\u2019s rule in the divided territory.\nThe State Department on Monday (June 26) designated the 71-year-old militant commander as a \u201cglobal terrorist.\u201d The action came hours before Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi began his official U.S. visit.\n\u201cThis announcement has been made in violation of international laws and [United Nations] resolutions. This is an attempt by the Trump administration to appease Narendra Modi,\u201d Salahuddin said.\nHe went on to say that \u201cfreedom fighters\u201d only target Indian security forces and have not conducted any operations outside Kashmir.\n\u201cThis [U.S. decision], God willing, has strengthened our resolve and we will continue our struggle with more energy,\u201d Salahuddin asserted.\nHe added that American representatives, in their speeches at U.N. meetings, repeatedly acknowledged Kashmiris\u2019 struggle for \"freedom\" and did not endorse what President Donald Trump has done.\nThe rebel chief vowed to legally counter the U.S. decision and urged Pakistan to declare a diplomatic offensive against \u201cnefarious Indian designs\u201d of trying to link the freedom movement in Kashmir to terrorism. He added that terrorist groups like Islamic State and al-Qaida do not exist in Kashmir nor will they have any place there.\nThe State Department, in its announcement, said that the militant commander committed, or poses \"a significant risk of committing, acts of terrorism that threaten the security of U.S. nationals or the national security, foreign policy, or economy of the United States.\"\nIt went on to say that in September 2016, Salahuddin vowed to block any peaceful resolution to the Kashmir conflict, threatened to train more Kashmiri suicide bombers, and vowed to turn the Kashmir valley \u201cinto a graveyard for Indian forces.\u201d\nA vehicle carrying Syed Salahuddin, the top leader of the Hizbul Mujahideen, is escorted by his supporters, arrives for a press conference in Muzaffarabad, the capital of Pakistani controlled Kashmir, Saturday, July 1, 2017.\nSaturday Salahuddin again called for the United Nations to implement its longstanding resolutions to allow Kashmiris to exercise their right to vote on independence or merging with Pakistan.\nIslamabad also has criticized the United States for declaring Salahuddin a global terrorist and defended militants fighting New Delhi\u2019s rule in Kashmir as a \u201clegitimate\u201d struggle for freedom.\n\"The 70-year-old indigenous struggle of Kashmiris in the Indian occupied Jammu and Kashmir remains legitimate. The designation of individuals supporting the Kashmiri right to self-determination as terrorists is completely unjustified,\u201d according to the Pakistani foreign ministry.\nNew Delhi, which hailed Monday\u2019s decision by Washington, accuses Islamabad of fueling the 28-year-old armed rebellion in the Muslim-majority Kashmir, accusations Pakistan rejects.\nIndia controls two-thirds of Kashmir while Pakistan controls the rest. The nuclear-armed rivals claim the Himalayan region in its entirety and have fought two of their three wars over it.\nSalahuddin on Monday called for a week of resistance, including two days of strikes starting July 8, the anniversary of last year\u2019s killing of young rebel leader Burhan Wani by Indian security forces.\nWani's death provoked violent anti-India protests across the region, prompting Indian security forces to use force to suppress the uprising. The slain commander was a key member of Salahuddin\u2019s group and is credited with reinvigorating the recent wave of militancy in Kashmir.\nEkram Shinwari in Kabul, Afghanistan contributed to this report.\n",
        "caption": "A vehicle carrying Syed Salahuddin, the top leader of the Hizbul Mujahideen, is escorted by his supporters, arrives for a press conference in Muzaffarabad, the capital of Pakistani controlled Kashmir, Saturday, July 1, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/8E267AF1-028A-40D5-A0C8-7AA7E27436A3.jpg",
        "id": "20714_2",
        "answer": [
            "individuals supporting the Kashmiri right to self-determination as terrorists",
            "None",
            "New Delhi\u2019s rule in Kashmir"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "his supporters",
            "supporter"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_01_3924209",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_01_3924209_2"
    },
    {
        "question": "What was attributed to the tall person in the image?",
        "context": "Helmut Kohl, Chancellor Who United Germany, Dies at 87\nBERLIN \u2014\u00a0\nHelmut Kohl, the former German chancellor credited with forging the reunification of East and West Germany in 1990, has died at age 87.\nGerman Chancellor Angela Merkel said Friday, \"A life has ended and he who lived it will go down in history. ... It will take some time before we realize what we have truly lost.\"\nFormer U.S. President George H.W. Bush, who backed Kohl's effort to push through a speedy reunification when the opportunity presented itself, said Friday that Kohl was \"a true friend of freedom, and the man I consider one of the greatest leaders in postwar Europe.\"\nFormer U.S. President Bill Clinton, who served during Kohl's final years in office, called the tall, burly, lifelong politician \"the most important European statesman since the second World War.\"\nPolitical life\nKohl served 16 years as German chancellor, presiding over West Germany from 1982 to 1990 and serving as the first chancellor of the reunified Germany from 1990 to 1998.\nFILE - Helmut Kohl stands in front of an election poster, June 26, 1975, during an election campaign for the West German 1976 general election.\nBorn in Bavaria in 1930, Kohl's father and older brother served in World War II; his brother died in the war while still a teenager. Kohl joined the Hitler Youth at age 15, like most German boys his age, and was briefly put to work unearthing bodies after Allied bombing raids.\nShortly after the end of the war, Kohl joined the newly formed Christian Democratic Union, helped found the party's youth organization, and thus began a life of public service.\nHe rose to Germany's highest office through a series of local positions, championing domestic policies such as education reform and transportation.\nElected chancellor in 1982, he lost no time in reaching out to repair Germany's diplomatic relationships strained by the two world wars and their aftermath.\nFILE - Helmut Kohl (R) stands hand in hand with former French President Francois Mitterrand (L), Sept. 22, 1984, during their visit to the former Verdun battlefields.\nIn 1984, he and then-French President Francois Mitterand shook hands at an emotional remembrance ceremony of the Battle of Verdun, a long, brutal struggle between French and German forces in northeastern France during World War I. The meeting cemented a close political relationship between the two men even as it symbolized reconciliation between the two nations.\nKohl used the same gesture to make amends with the United States two years later, meeting with U.S. President Ronald Reagan at a G-7 summit in Bonn in 1985.\nThe visit was not universally praised, however, as the two leaders paid a joint visit to a German military cemetery where a number of Nazi officers were buried alongside German soldiers. The two also visited the site of the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp together, paying tribute to the Jewish victims of Germany's ugly past.\nFILE German Chancellor Helmut Kohl walks with retired German Air Force General Johannes Steinhoff (frt) and former President Ronald Reagan accompanied by retired U.S. General Matthew Ridgway through the German military cemetary in Bitburg, May 5 1985.\nReconciliation\nAs the crescendo of reconciliation continued to rise, Kohl met in 1987 with East German leader Erich Honecker, the first time the leaders of East and West Germany sat down together since the country was split between democracy and communism at the end of World War II. The stage was set for the pinnacle of Kohl's career and a turning point in German history.\nWhen an East German official announced in November 1989 that all East Germans could travel freely to the West, Kohl lost no time in pushing forward with his reunification proposals. He met with Soviet Union President Mikhail Gorbachev in February 1990 to gain approval for his plan, and by October of that year, both halves of Germany had voted to become one again.\nKohl's popularity was at a high. But over his next two terms, the difficult reality of merging the communist east with the capitalist west had taken their toll on the economy and e unemployment rate. Kohl was voted out in 1998.\nThe years following were not so rosy. The Christian Democratic Union was damaged by revelations that it had accepted illegal campaign donations. Kohl first denied taking any illicit funds, but later admitted to receiving millions of deutschmarks in illegal donations and declined to name the donors of the funds.\nIn 2001, Kohl's wife, Hannelore, the East German he married in 1960, committed suicide. Some said her long battle with photosensitivity was to blame; others said it was her husband's financial scandal.\nSeven years later, Kohl suffered a debilitating stroke and soon thereafter married his female companion, Maike Richter, who was 35 years his junior. His health continued to suffer.\nCriticisms\nKohl's relationships with his political successors began to suffer, too, as he began speaking out against their policies toward the end of his life.\nEven Merkel, once his prot\u00e9g\u00e9e, was not spared his barbs. After airing his grievances in a book titled \"Out of Concern For Europe,\" Kohl was quoted in the press saying, \"That woman is destroying my Europe!\"\nHelmut Kohl, former German Chancellor sits in front of a large photograph of himself during a news conference to promote his new book, 'Erinnerungen 1982-1990' (Memories 1982-1990) in Berlin, Nov. 2, 2005.\nYet, at the end, Kohl was hailed not just as the man who helped Germany heal, but also one of the architects of European integration. He had a long list of awards for his work, including the Vision for Europe award for his reunification achievements, the Charlemagne Prize with Francois Mitterand for their contribution to Franco-German relations, and the Henry Kissinger Prize for exceptional contributions to transatlantic relations.\nKohl was also named Honorary Citizen of Europe by the European heads of state for his work on European integration.\nEuropean Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker ordered flags at EC headquarters in Brussels to fly at half-staff after news Friday of Kohl's death. He called Kohl \"my mentor, my friend, the very essence of Europe.\"\nKohl's political party, the Christian Democratic Union, tweeted: \"We mourn. #RIP #Helmut Kohl.\"\nFlowers sit in front of the house of former German Chancellor Helmut Kohl in Oggersheim, Germany, June 16, 2017.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Helmut Kohl (R) stands hand in hand with former French President Francois Mitterrand (L), Sept. 22, 1984, during their visit to the former Verdun battlefields.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/5A1DC23B-A2FE-4DFA-AACD-367AEB78C0DB.jpg",
        "id": "32990_3_1",
        "answer": [
            "the reunification of East and West Germany"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Helmut Kohl"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_16_3903412",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_06_16_3903412_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What did the people in the image retaliate with?",
        "context": "Clashes in Greece as Thousands Protest Austerity\nATHENS \u2014\u00a0\nAn anti-austerity rally in Greece's capital turned violent Wednesday as a general strike halted flights, ferries and public transportation, and thousands joined protest marches across the country.\nA small group of protesters threw gasoline bombs and fired flares at riot police after the marches ended in Athens. Police responded with tear gas. The clashes broke out after peaceful marches involving around 12,000 people.\nNearby, protesting police officers blocked the entrance to a Finance Ministry building.\nThe protests occurred as lawmakers were set to approve another batch of reforms that will impose years more hardship on austerity-weary Greeks.\nThe new belt-tightening measures that will be imposed beyond the end of Greece's third bailout next year, including pension cuts and tax hikes. The left-led coalition government agreed to the cuts as part of a deal with the country's international creditors to release funds from its bailout.\nThousands of protesters were marching through central Athens toward parliament in a series of demonstrations as part of the strike.\n\"No to the new looting of salaries and pensions,\" civil servants union ADEDY said.\nPolice unionists hung a giant banner off the side of Lycabettus Hill in the center of Athens, with a slogan in German and Greek reading ``how much is the life of a Greek policeman worth?''\nPublic hospitals were functioning with emergency staff only, while public transport was disrupted, leaving many main roads gridlocked in the capital. Intercity trains were not running, and there was no subway service between Athens airport and the city. Courts were shut while lawyers and notaries public backed away from official duties, and customs and local government offices were closed.\nAir traffic controllers were holding a four-hour work stoppage in the middle of the day, leading to the rescheduling or cancellation of more than 150 flights. Ferries were also tied up in port until late Friday after seamen began a four-day strike Tuesday.\nUnless bailout funds are unlocked, Greece would once more struggle to meet a spike in debt repayments due this summer and face another brush with bankruptcy.\nIn parliament, lawmakers were debating the measures that include additional pension cuts in 2019 and higher income tax from 2020, ahead of a Thursday midnight vote.\nOn the streets of Athens, opinions on the strike diverged.\n\"It doesn't make a difference whether you strike or not. All the measures will pass anyway,\" said Apostolos Seitanidis as he walked in the city center.\nBut another Athenian, Panagiotis Adamopoulos, disagreed.\n\"Every strike is a holy thing,\" he said. \"If we dismiss it, surely we'll end up getting 300-euro [$330] salaries and 200-euro pensions.\"\nUnions and the opposition have compared the new measures to those of a fourth bailout, but without the corresponding funding from international creditors. The government, which originally came to power in 2015 promising to repeal previous austerity measures, has vehemently rejected the accusation, emphasizing that it will also take other measures to relieve poverty.\nPrime Minister Alexis Tsipras spoke Tuesday morning with German Chancellor Angela Merkel, whose country has been the single largest contributor to the Greek bailouts, and discussed the issue of Greece's debt, his office said Wednesday.\nWhile the country's finances have improved under the bailouts, the belt-tightening has led to spiraling poverty. Unemployment, while down from highs of above 27 percent, hovers at around 23 percent.\n",
        "caption": "Riot police officers try to avoid a petrol bomb thrown by protester during a nationwide general strike demonstration. in Athens, May 17, 2017. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/70C69273-3A62-451F-8097-E2EF019120DA.jpg",
        "id": "18649_1",
        "answer": [
            "None",
            "tear gas"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Riot police officers",
            "Police"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_17_3853994",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_05_17_3853994_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the man in the center of the photo feel about the regulation roll backs",
        "context": "US Senate Ends Rule Requiring Oil, Gas Company Transparency\nCAPITOL HILL \u2014\u00a0\nThe Republican-led U.S. Congress took one of its first steps toward fulfilling a promise to roll back Obama administration regulations.\nIn a 52-47 vote Friday, the Senate passed legislation to end a rule requiring oil and gas companies to disclose payments from the U.S. and foreign governments. Democratic opponents argued the rule furthered transparency and helped prevent corruption in foreign government's dealings with oil companies.\nThe rule was part of the 2010 Dodd-Frank legislation passed by the Obama administration following the 2008 financial crisis. Debate on the Senate floor Thursday night focused on the impact of the rule on the U.S. economy.\nSen. John Coryn, R-Texas, answers questions during a conservative forum, Jan. 10, 2013, in Austin, Texas.\nIssues handled under other laws\nAfter the legislation was passed early Friday, Senate Majority Whip John Cornyn told VOA, \u201cWe're not saying there shouldn't be any regulation, but I believe the over-regulation and overreach by the Obama administration has strangled our economy and reduced economic growth and cut jobs.\u201d\nCornyn said the issues addressed by the rule will handled under other laws.\n\u201cThis bill is only about regulation and compliance costs and not about the underlying concern because it's already illegal, to my knowledge,\u201d he said.\nIn a statement of support earlier in the week on the White House website, the Trump administration said, \u201cThe rule would impose unreasonable compliance costs on American energy companies that are not justified by quantifiable benefits. Moreover, American businesses could face a competitive disadvantage in cases where their foreign competitors are not subject to similar rules.\u201d\nSenate Finance Committee member Sen. Sherrod Brown, D-Ohio, questions Treasury Secretary-designate Steven Mnuchin, on Capitol Hill in Washington, Jan. 19, 2017, during his confirmation hearing.\n'Kleptocrat Relief Act'\nDemocrats took to the Senate floor to criticize their Republican colleagues for using the Congressional Review Act to roll back rules that had gone through years of review and study, arguing the bill was an effort to appease corporate allies.\n\u201cThe bill ought to be titled the Kleptocrat Relief Act. My Republican colleagues are trying to repeal a critical, bipartisan rule,\u201d said Senator Sherrod Brown, a Democrat from Ohio.\n\u201cIt's one of the best anti-corruption tools that President Trump now has to keep his promise to \u2014 in his words \u2014 drain the swamp' in Washington and around the world,\u201d Brown continued.\nSenate Foreign Relations Committee member Sen. Tim Kaine, D-Va. listens on Capitol Hill in Washington, Jan. 11, 2017, during the committee's confirmation hearing for Secretary of State-designate Rex Tillerson.\nOxFam concerned\nSenator Tim Kaine, a Virginia Democrat who ran as Hillary Clinton's vice presidential nominee, tweeted late Thursday, \u201cNow Trump Admin paves way for a reversal that helps Big Oil & allows corruption in poor resource-cursed countries.\u201d\nOxFam, a global organization working to end poverty, said the elimination of the rule encouraged secrecy that harms the poorest people in the world.\n\u201cIt is clear today that many elected officials have no backbone when it comes to standing up to big oil. Doing the oil lobby's bidding, they are undermining U.S. national security, stripping critical investor protections, and promoting corruption all to protect secret oil payments to governments like Russia, China and other resource-rich countries,\u201d Isabel Munilla, Oxfam America's senior policy adviser for extractive industries, wrote in a statement on their website Friday.\nPresident Trump is expected to sign the legislation into law shortly.\n",
        "caption": "Senate Finance Committee member Sen. Sherrod Brown, D-Ohio, questions Treasury Secretary-designate Steven Mnuchin, on Capitol Hill in Washington, Jan. 19, 2017, during his confirmation hearing.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/37660F7C-711E-477D-B0E6-0430DA79AFEF.jpg",
        "id": "6484_3",
        "answer": [
            "My Republican colleagues are trying to repeal a critical, bipartisan rule"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Sherrod Brown"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_03_3705383",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_02_03_3705383_3"
    },
    {
        "question": "What does the person in the robes in the image regularly do?",
        "context": "Italy Uses Imams in Prisons to Deter Extremism Among Inmates\nTERNI, ITALY \u2014\u00a0\nItaly's plan to reduce the risk of a jihadi-inspired attack is pinned in small part on Mimoun El Hachmi, an imam who bikes to the prison here every week and exhorts Muslim inmates not to stray from life's \"right path\" or hate people who aren't Muslim.\nSeven inmates \u2014 three Moroccans, three Tunisians and a Somali \u2014 left their cells at Terni Penitentiary on an early summer day to listen as the Moroccan-born imam led prayers and delivered a sermon. Sunlight from a high barred window streamed through Mimoun's gauzy, off-white robe.\n\"If I am praying, I am not cooking up ideas to harm others on the outside,\" a 35-year-old Tunisian inmate said, sitting cross-legged in the small, beige-tiled room that was converted into the prison's Mosque of Peace.\nNone of the inmates would give their names, and prison rules precluded asking why they were serving time.\nSo far spared the attacks that have stunned France, Belgium, Britain and Germany, Italy has relied mostly on arresting and deporting suspected extremists to try to keep the country safe. But the Italian government has come to embrace prevention, too, especially in the prisons it doesn't want to become training grounds for potential extremists.\nIn this photo taken June 23, 2017, Imam Mimoun El Hachmi, left, talks to Italian penitentiary Police Commander Fabio Gallo inside the Terni penitentiary, Italy.\nPreaching pluralism\nInviting in imams who have been vetted to make sure they espouse \"moderate views\" is a tactic now being employed in Italian prisons to counter radicalization among inmates. In February, the government signed a recruiting agreement with the Union of Islamic Communities and Organizations in Italy, which professes to foster Islamic \"pluralism.\"\nWhen preaching to inmates, \"we stress that we are Italians of Muslim faith, Europeans of Muslim faith ... We are 100 percent citizens with rights and duties,\" UCOII president Izzeddin Elzir said.\nItaly's second generation of Muslim immigrants is just coming of age now. For the most part, the nation lacks neighborhoods with heavy concentrations of Muslim residents. But Muslims make up a disproportionate share of the population in Italy's prisons.\nMore than a third of all inmates in Italian penitentiaries are foreigners, and 42 percent of those come from the majority Muslim countries of Morocco, Albania and Tunisia, according to a 2017 report by inmate advocacy group Antigone.\nThe advocacy group counted 411 chaplains, but only 47 imams working in Italy's 200 prisons. Prison system officials worry that if imams don't make regular visits, inmates might be more vulnerable to the influence of those who are already radicalized.\n\"It's not so much those (inmates) who preach, but those who submit to this proselytizing\" who are considered at risk, Terni Penitentiary Superintendent Natascia Bastianelli said.\nJustice Ministry Undersecretary Gennaro Migliore stressed in an interview that of about 11,000 Italian prison inmates from predominantly Muslim countries, \"those who could be potentially radicalized, or already radicalized don't exceed 400\" inmates.\nSo far, 13 UCOII imams have started preaching in eight prisons after being screened by interior ministry officials. Government officials and the organization plan to evaluate the strategy's effectiveness as a de-radicalization tool this fall.\nAnis Amri (L), the Tunisian suspect of the Berlin Christmas market attack, is seen in this photo taken from security cameras at the Milan Central Train Station in downtown Milan, Italy December 23, 2016.\nWakeup call\nIf Italy needed a wakeup call, it came with the morning news two days before Christmas.\nBefore dawn, officers in Milan confronted and killed a young Tunisian suspected of driving the truck that plowed through shoppers at a Berlin Christmas market that week, killing 12. Anis Amri is believed to have become radicalized during the 3 years he spent in Italian prisons for his role in a riot at a migrant center.\nIn a separate case, authorities accused a Tunisian inmate with alleged links to extremist groups of recruiting fellow Muslims at an Italian prison, and attacking inmates who resented his extremist propaganda.\nTerni police commander Fabio Gallo said learning that Amri had spent time in Italian prisons spurred him and other prison officials to sharpen their skills at recognizing an inmate who is becoming radicalized.\nAbout 20 percent of the penitentiary's personnel have taken courses to make them aware of possible signs, such as preaching to other inmates or exulting at television news coverage about extremist attacks in Europe, Gallo said.\nBut he stressed that it's often difficult to realize which words or gestures might be worrisome signals, especially for staff who don't understand Arabic. And inmates are catching on to what tips prison personnel off, Gallo said.\n\"Nobody has a long beard\" anymore, the commander said.\nVetting imams may not prove to be a straightforward process either.\n\"Where do you set the bar? Is it OK if someone is saying Western society is decadent, but at the same time condemns ISIS?\" asked Lorenzo Vidino, an Islamism expert, using an alternative abbreviation for IS.\nFormer anti-terrorism magistrate Stefano Dambruoso, who is now a lawmaker in Italy, endorses careful screening of who will be preaching to men and women behind bars. He thinks it's essential \"they have been trained in schools, in environments respectful of the founding principles of our Constitution.\"\nYet Dambruoso also expresses concern about the imams invited into prisons \"turning into some kind of secret eye, or a spy for the institutions.\" \nOn the day when Mimoun was at Terni Penitentiary, 46 of the 109 foreigners in the medium-security section were from northern Africa. The imam delivered his sermon in Arabic, sprinkled with Italian and French phrases.\nHe said he teaches his followers to \"respect Italians, respect neighbors, your colleagues, your cellmates.\"\nOne of the inmates who came to pray in the mosque said that \"if you respect religion, our religion, you won't commit\" extremist attacks.\nAfter the seven were accompanied back to their cells, Mimoun told of how an inmate once confided in him that he \"hated Italians.\" \n\"I showed him in the Quran where it says you cannot hate others of different religions,\" the imam said.\n",
        "caption": "In this photo taken on June 23, 2017, inmates pray with the Imam Mimoun El Hachmi, left, inside the Terni penitentiary. ",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/54F85E5F-9401-40B3-8DD5-900A03BD6F29.jpg",
        "id": "8054_1",
        "answer": [
            "exhorts Muslim inmates not to stray from life's \"right path\" or hate people who aren't Muslim"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Mimoun El Hachmi"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_12_3940886",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_07_12_3940886_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "Who is sure that the people blocking the road in the image are not at fault in such incidents?",
        "context": "Calls for Justice Echo From 2016 Mexican Police-Teachers Union Clash\nRepresentatives of victims of a deadly clash between Mexican police and a teachers union last summer have escalated their calls for justice, briefly seizing a tollbooth on a Mexican highway, demanding a meeting with Mexico\u2019s top law enforcement official and seeking help from the U.S.-based Organization of American States.\nLast week\u2019s moves stem from a June 19 conflict in the southern Mexican state of Oaxaca. Eight people were killed and 100 others wounded when members of the National Coordinator of Education Workers (CNTE) blocked state roads to protest mandatory teacher evaluations \u2013 part of a package of education reforms \u2013 and some union members\u2019 arrests. Protesters at one site threw Molotov cocktails and rocks, and, as the Associated Press reported witnessing, at least one riot police officer responded with gunfire. \nSince then, \"we haven\u2019t seen any significant progress\" on an investigation, Ambrosio Hern\u00e1ndez Santiago said Thursday, according to El Informador, an independent news organization in Guadalajara Jalisco. The teacher, union member and president of the Committee of Victims of Asunci\u00f3n Nochixtl\u00e1n \u2013 named for the community where the confrontation occurred \u2013 also was quoted as saying there had been \"no significant advances such as medical care\" for people injured during the fracas.\nHern\u00e1ndez offered that as explanation for the committee taking control of a tollbooth on the Oaxaca-Cuacnopalan highway for hours Thursday. He said members would \"intensify our demonstrations\" until they could meet with Mexico\u2019s attorney general, Miguel Angel Osorio Chong, and get an assurance of justice. He expressed dissatisfaction with several meetings with lower-level authorities. \nTrading blame\nGovernment and union officials have traded accusations about the June incident, according to the AP. A Oaxaca state prosecutor said the dead were all civilians but not teachers; a federal police chief said the protest involved \"radical groups.\"\nThe teachers union disagreed with that label, blaming the violence on police infiltrators and saying that 20 people had gone missing. More broadly, federal prosecutors contend union leaders have run an illegal network to finance protests and profit personally. Mexican unions often control teacher hiring and firing.\nFILE - A young woman walks with a photo of Jesus Cadena in his funeral procession in Nochixtlan, Oaxaca state, Mexico, June 21, 2016. It was two days after he was killed in a clash between police and striking teachers.\nLast week\u2019s tollbooth takeover follows what Hern\u00e1ndez and others allege have been efforts to intimidate the June 19 victims and their supporters.\nOn March 6, the committee issued a statement asserting that the previous night, Hern\u00e1ndez and another union member had been ambushed and shot at by unknown assailants while driving on a state road.\nThe committee accused \"the state\" of direct responsibility for \"attempted murder\" and also claimed that, in separate incidents, police in civilian clothing had \"harassed and persecuted\" June 19 victims and supporters. It called for an investigation, punishment for those responsible, and \"freedom and security for our [committee] colleagues and relatives of the victims.\"\nOfficial promises accountability\nAn official with the Mexican attorney general\u2019s office, speaking about a related matter last week at a Washington meeting of the OAS\u2019 Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, said his office was working on legislation \"to break the chains of impunity.\"\nRobert Campa, undersecretary for human rights, said the measure would hold culprits accountable for forced disappearances. He was discussing the 2014 case of 43 students from the Ayotzinapa Rural Teachers College who went missing in Guerrero state, Oaxaca\u2019s western neighbor. An independent group of investigators last spring accused Mexico\u2019s government of blocking its probe.\nOaxaca\u2019s elected ombudsman for human rights, Arturo Peimbert Calvo, also addressed the commission in Washington. He complained that \"a series of attacks, persecutions and harassment \u2026 have forced us to seek protective measures in the United States.\"\nIn an interview Tuesday with VOA, Peimbert said that, unlike with the Ayotzinapa students, in the teachers union case the \"aggression of the police forces against civil society has been fully documented.\" He also said that, though more than 6,000 pages of testimony and 180 hours of video evidence had been collected, he worried that authorities wanted to keep the case out of the spotlight.\nPeimbert made the trip to Washington \"to create alliances that allow us to make the subject visible and give voice to those who have no voice and who are victims of this serious aggression,\" he said, adding it was \"very dangerous for victims in Oaxaca.\"\nConcerns about violence \nOn Friday, the human rights advocacy group Washington Office on Latin America expressed concern about increased violence in Mexico directed at human rights advocates and journalists.\nIn a statement, it decried attacks against Hern\u00e1ndez and several others. It urged Mexican authorities to \"implement immediate action to avoid attacks,\" to \"recognize the important mission of journalists and defenders of human rights in Mexico and to assure that these cases don\u2019t end in impunity.\"\nJournalists covering the conflict in Oaxaca state have been harassed and threatened, according to the Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ).\nIn an unrelated incident, Mexican reporter Miroslava Breach was shot dead outside her garage Thursday in the northern state of Chihuahua. A reporter for La Jornada, she was the third journalist to be killed in Mexico this month.\n",
        "caption": "FILE - Riot police battle protesters teachers who blocked a federal highway in the Mexican state of Oaxaca, near the town of Nochixtlan, June 19, 2016.",
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        "id": "28745_1",
        "answer": [
            "Peimbert "
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "teachers"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_27_3784043",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_03_27_3784043_1"
    },
    {
        "question": "What is the title of the person on the left of the image?",
        "context": "Spacewalking Astronauts Upgrade Orbiting Lab's Power Grid\nCAPE CANAVERAL, FLA. \u2014\u00a0\nAstronauts took another spacewalk Friday to plug in new and better batteries outside the International Space Station.\nIt's the same type of job that was conducted last Friday 250 miles above Earth. Commander Shane Kimbrough was back at it, but this time he was joined by French astronaut Thomas Pesquet.\nTheir main objective was to wire up three lithium-ion batteries, the latest in space tech. That's on top of three connected last week.\nJust like before, the station's robotic handyman saved the spacewalkers considerable time \u2014 and risk \u2014 by removing the decade-old nickel-hydrogen batteries in advance and positioning the new ones for wiring. The robot is named Dextre, short for dexterous, with 11-foot-long arms that were operated remotely by flight controllers in Houston.\nNASA describes the lithium-ion batteries as critical long-term upgrades to the space station's solar power system.\nBoth the new and old batteries are the same size: about 3 feet long and wide, and 1 1/2 feet tall, or about as big as half a refrigerator. But the new lithium-ion batteries can hold more charge and keep it longer, and so only half as many are needed.\nNASA plans to replace all 48 nickel-hydrogen batteries on the station's sprawling power grid within the next two or three years. The next batch of lithium-ion batteries will arrive late this year or early next, courtesy of Japan.\nThe batteries are used to store electrical power generated by the massive solar wings, in order to keep all the equipment running when the lab is on the nighttime side of Earth.\nMost of the old batteries will be trashed at the beginning of February, burning up in the atmosphere along with the Japanese cargo ship that delivered them last month.\nPesquet, a rookie astronaut, became France's first spacewalker in 15 years. He called it \"a big day.\"\n\"Better bring our A-game,\" Pesquet said in a tweet Thursday evening, \"to be safe & efficient.\"\n",
        "caption": "This image taken from video provided by NASA shows U.S. astronaut Shane Kimbrough (L), and French astronaut Thomas Pesquet during a space walk outside the International Space Station, Jan. 13, 2017.",
        "image": "https://gdb.voanews.com/D6C58B86-0F74-4F88-A973-A3FA742684D3.jpg",
        "id": "33666_1_1",
        "answer": [
            "Commander"
        ],
        "bridge": [
            "Shane Kimbrough"
        ],
        "voa_example_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_13_3675187",
        "voa_image_id": "VOA_EN_NW_2017_01_13_3675187_1"
    }
]