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Michael Faraday

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Content

Introduction

Childhood

Discoveries

Conclusion

Sources

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Introduction

was born on September 22, 1791, into a poor family
passed away on August 25, 1867 (at the age of 75)
had only a basic education
physicist, chemist, writer, professor, and inventor
conducted many experiments - contributed to the understanding of electromagnetism

https://www.elektrina.cz

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Childhood

The third child of James and Margaret Faraday. His father was a blacksmith who struggled with poor physical health. His mother was a servant before marriage.
The family lived in poverty.

Michael Faraday attended a local school until he was 13, where he received a basic education. To earn money for the family, he began working as a courier in a bookstore. After a year, he was promoted to a bookbinding apprentice, which was crucial for his further education!

https://www.elektrina.cz

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Childhood

Thanks to bookbinding, he secured access to an education he would not have otherwise received. While working, he spent his free time reading books, especially volumes on science.

He was particularly intrigued by two books: the Encyclopædia Britannica (his main source of knowledge) and Conversations on Chemistry by Jane Marcet.

https://www.wikipedia.org

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DISCOVER

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Dynamo and Electric Motor

In his experiments dealing with phenomena associated with electromagnetic induction, Faraday also encountered further applications and properties of this phenomenon.

He based his findings on the assumption that induction evidently requires more than just the presence of a magnetic field.

He placed a rotating copper disk between the poles of a strong permanent magnet, thereby creating a magnetic field on the disk.

In his experiment, he found that the magnetic field could be used to generate electricity.

https://www.wikipedia.org

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Electromagnetic induction

His coil was made from an iron ring around which two insulated wires were wound.

One coil was connected to a galvanometer, and the end of the other coil was connected to a battery.

After closing the primary circuit (connecting the battery to the coil), he observed a needle jump on the galvanometer.

After breaking the circuit, the needle of the galvanometer deflected in the opposite direction.

the device with which Faraday demonstrated the existence of electromagnetic induction

https://www.elektrina.cz

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Faraday's Law

Faraday's Law describes the fundamental principle of how electric voltage is generated from a magnetic field. It is one of the most important discoveries in electrical engineering, enabling the development of generators, transformers, and most modern electrical technology.

The law states that electric voltage is generated whenever there is a change in the magnetic flux passing through a conductive loop or coil. The key word here is "change" - a static magnetic field produces nothing; voltage arises only during a change. The mathematical expression ε = dΦ/dt indicates that the magnitude of the induced voltage (ε) is directly proportional to the rate of change of the magnetic flux (dΦ/dt). The faster you change the magnetic flux, the greater the voltage produced.

http://fyzika.jreichl.com

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Faraday cage

The principle of electromagnetic shielding, where a conductive enclosure (cage, mesh, sheet) surrounding a space prevents external electric fields (and signals) from penetrating inside.

This property has been utilized in the production of protective clothing designed for work in aggressive electromagnetic environments (e.g., for electricians working on overhead high and extra-high voltage lines).

http://fyzika.jreichl.com

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Further Discoveries