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[
{
"question_num": 1,
"query": "\"气之根\"是指",
"options": {
"A": "心",
"B": "肺",
"C": "脾",
"D": "肝",
"E": "肾"
},
"answer": "E",
"reason": "《类证治裁·喘证》说:“肺为气之主,肾为气之根。肺主出气,肾主纳气。阴阳相交,呼吸乃和。若出纳升降失常,斯喘作焉。”肺主一身之气,是指肺有主司一身之气的生成和运行的作用,故《素问·六节藏象论》说““肺者,气之本。"
},
{
"question_num": 2,
"query": "\"气之主\"是指",
"options": {
"A": "心",
"B": "肺",
"C": "脾",
"D": "肝",
"E": "肾"
},
"answer": "B",
"reason": "《类证治裁·喘证》说:“肺为气之主,肾为气之根。肺主出气,肾主纳气。阴阳相交,呼吸乃和。若出纳升降失常,斯喘作焉。”肺主一身之气,是指肺有主司一身之气的生成和运行的作用,故《素问·六节藏象论》说““肺者,气之本。"
},
{
"question_num": 3,
"query": "最易伤肺的病邪是",
"options": {
"A": "风",
"B": "寒",
"C": "火",
"D": "湿",
"E": "燥"
},
"answer": "E",
"reason": "凡致病具有干燥、收敛等特性的外邪,称为燥邪。燥邪伤人,多自口鼻而入,首犯肺卫,发为外燥病证。火热之邪侵入,热淫于内,一方面迫津外泄,因气随津泄而致津亏气耗;另一方面则直接消灼煎熬津液,耗伤人体的阴液,即所谓热盛伤阴。"
},
{
"question_num": 4,
"query": "易伤津耗气的病邪是",
"options": {
"A": "风",
"B": "寒",
"C": "火",
"D": "湿",
"E": "燥"
},
"answer": "C",
"reason": "凡致病具有干燥、收敛等特性的外邪,称为燥邪。燥邪伤人,多自口鼻而入,首犯肺卫,发为外燥病证。火热之邪侵入,热淫于内,一方面迫津外泄,因气随津泄而致津亏气耗;另一方面则直接消灼煎熬津液,耗伤人体的阴液,即所谓热盛伤阴。"
},
{
"question_num": 5,
"query": "肠道燥热内结发热的热型是",
"options": {
"A": "身热不扬",
"B": "日晡潮热",
"C": "发热恶寒",
"D": "壮热汗出",
"E": "长期微热"
},
"answer": "B",
"reason": "身热不扬多见于湿温;日哺潮热又称阳明潮热,多见于胃肠燥热内结;发热恶寒多见于外感表证;壮热汗出多见于外感温热病在气分阶段;长期微热多见于阴虚潮热、气虚发热及小儿夏季热。"
},
{
"question_num": 6,
"query": "气虚发热的热型是",
"options": {
"A": "身热不扬",
"B": "日晡潮热",
"C": "发热恶寒",
"D": "壮热汗出",
"E": "长期微热"
},
"answer": "E",
"reason": "身热不扬多见于湿温;日哺潮热又称阳明潮热,多见于胃肠燥热内结;发热恶寒多见于外感表证;壮热汗出多见于外感温热病在气分阶段;长期微热多见于阴虚潮热、气虚发热及小儿夏季热。"
},
{
"question_num": 7,
"query": "胃气衰败的舌象是",
"options": {
"A": "厚苔化薄",
"B": "腻苔化松",
"C": "厚苔骤剥",
"D": "燥苔转润",
"E": "黄苔转白"
},
"answer": "C",
"reason": "A说明正气渐复主病退;BD项主病退;C项苔由胃气所生,所以厚苔骤剥为胃气衰败之证;E项为热邪退去之证,黄苔主热。"
},
{
"question_num": 8,
"query": "热邪已退的舌象是",
"options": {
"A": "厚苔化薄",
"B": "腻苔化松",
"C": "厚苔骤剥",
"D": "燥苔转润",
"E": "黄苔转白"
},
"answer": "E",
"reason": "A说明正气渐复主病退;BD项主病退;C项苔由胃气所生,所以厚苔骤剥为胃气衰败之证;E项为热邪退去之证,黄苔主热。"
},
{
"question_num": 9,
"query": "尿浊的主症是",
"options": {
"A": "小便点滴短少",
"B": "小便浑浊如米泔水",
"C": "小便时尿道刺痛有血",
"D": "小便点滴不通",
"E": "小便有血"
},
"answer": "B",
"reason": "A项小便点滴短少为癃证的表现。B项小便混浊如米泔水为尿浊的主要表现。C项小便时尿道刺病有血为血淋的主症。D项小便点滴不通为闭证的主症。E项小便有血为尿血的主症。"
},
{
"question_num": 10,
"query": "血淋的主症是",
"options": {
"A": "小便点滴短少",
"B": "小便浑浊如米泔水",
"C": "小便时尿道刺痛有血",
"D": "小便点滴不通",
"E": "小便有血"
},
"answer": "C",
"reason": "A项小便点滴短少为癃证的表现。B项小便混浊如米泔水为尿浊的主要表现。C项小便时尿道刺病有血为血淋的主症。D项小便点滴不通为闭证的主症。E项小便有血为尿血的主症。"
},
{
"question_num": 11,
"query": "可见步履不稳,眩晕欲仆症状的是",
"options": {
"A": "肝阳化风证",
"B": "阴虚动风证",
"C": "血虚生风证",
"D": "热极生风证",
"E": "肝阳上亢证"
},
"answer": "A",
"reason": "A项肝阳化风,风动于上,阴亏于下,上盛下虚,故步履不稳,肝怕化风,肝风内旋,上扰头目,则眩晕欲仆;B项可见手足蠕动;C项血虚不能上荣头面,故见眩晕,而白无华,肝主筋,血虚筋脉失养,故见肢体震频;D项可见高热神骨,躁扰如狂,于足抽搞等;E项可见眩晕耳鸣,头目胀痛等,"
},
{
"question_num": 12,
"query": "可见眩晕肢体震颤,面白无华症状的是",
"options": {
"A": "肝阳化风证",
"B": "阴虚动风证",
"C": "血虚生风证",
"D": "热极生风证",
"E": "肝阳上亢证"
},
"answer": "C",
"reason": "A项肝阳化风,风动于上,阴亏于下,上盛下虚,故步履不稳,肝怕化风,肝风内旋,上扰头目,则眩晕欲仆;B项可见手足蠕动;C项血虚不能上荣头面,故见眩晕,而白无华,肝主筋,血虚筋脉失养,故见肢体震频;D项可见高热神骨,躁扰如狂,于足抽搞等;E项可见眩晕耳鸣,头目胀痛等,"
},
{
"question_num": 13,
"query": "痢下赤多者,应重用",
"options": {
"A": "温药",
"B": "凉药",
"C": "血药",
"D": "气药",
"E": "寒药"
},
"answer": "C",
"reason": "痢疾是由外感时邪病毒和饮食不节导致邪蕴肠腑,气血壅滞,传导失司,肠络受伤而发病的。采取热痢清之寒痢温之,初痢实则通之,久虚痢则补之,寒热错杂者清温并用,虚实夹杂着攻补兼施。刘河间提出的“调气则后重自除,行血则便脓自愈调气和血之法,赤多用血药,白多用气药。"
},
{
"question_num": 14,
"query": "痢下白多者,应重用",
"options": {
"A": "温药",
"B": "凉药",
"C": "血药",
"D": "气药",
"E": "寒药"
},
"answer": "D",
"reason": "痢疾是由外感时邪病毒和饮食不节导致邪蕴肠腑,气血壅滞,传导失司,肠络受伤而发病的。采取热痢清之寒痢温之,初痢实则通之,久虚痢则补之,寒热错杂者清温并用,虚实夹杂着攻补兼施。刘河间提出的“调气则后重自除,行血则便脓自愈调气和血之法,赤多用血药,白多用气药。"
},
{
"question_num": 15,
"query": "具有解表功效的药物是",
"options": {
"A": "独活",
"B": "防己",
"C": "秦艽",
"D": "木瓜",
"E": "威灵仙"
},
"answer": "A",
"reason": "独活可祛风湿,止痛,解表。防己可祛风湿,止痛,利水消肿。秦艽可祛风湿,通络止痛,退虚热,清湿热。木瓜可舒筋活络,和胃化湿。威灵仙可祛风湿,通络止痛,消骨鲠。"
},
{
"question_num": 16,
"query": "具有利水功效的药物是",
"options": {
"A": "独活",
"B": "防己",
"C": "秦艽",
"D": "木瓜",
"E": "威灵仙"
},
"answer": "B",
"reason": "独活可祛风湿,止痛,解表。防己可祛风湿,止痛,利水消肿。秦艽可祛风湿,通络止痛,退虚热,清湿热。木瓜可舒筋活络,和胃化湿。威灵仙可祛风湿,通络止痛,消骨鲠。"
},
{
"question_num": 17,
"query": "产后腹痛血虚证的治法是",
"options": {
"A": "养血活血",
"B": "补血益气",
"C": "行气养血",
"D": "活血止痛",
"E": "活血化瘀,散寒止痛"
},
"answer": "B",
"reason": "养血活血适应于营血虚滞证;补血益气适用于血虚证;行气养血适用于气滞血虚证;活血止痛适用于血瘀证;活血化瘀,散寒止痛适用于寒凝血瘀证"
},
{
"question_num": 18,
"query": "产后腹痛血瘀证的治法是",
"options": {
"A": "养血活血",
"B": "补血益气",
"C": "行气养血",
"D": "活血止痛",
"E": "活血化瘀,散寒止痛"
},
"answer": "D",
"reason": "养血活血适应于营血虚滞证;补血益气适用于血虚证;行气养血适用于气滞血虚证;活血止痛适用于血瘀证;活血化瘀,散寒止痛适用于寒凝血瘀证"
},
{
"question_num": 19,
"query": "治疗寒饮呕吐,宜选用",
"options": {
"A": "白芥子",
"B": "杏仁",
"C": "半夏",
"D": "桔梗",
"E": "竹茹"
},
"answer": "C",
"reason": "半夏可燥湿化痰:降逆止呕,消病散结,为燥湿化痰、温化寒痰之要药。对各种原因的呕吐,皆可随证配伍用之,对痰饮或胃寒所致的胃气上逆呕吐尤宜。另外,半夏辛开散结,可化痰消痞,又可治疗湿阻致心下痞满。"
},
{
"question_num": 20,
"query": "治疗湿阻胸脘痞闷,宜选用",
"options": {
"A": "白芥子",
"B": "杏仁",
"C": "半夏",
"D": "桔梗",
"E": "竹茹"
},
"answer": "C",
"reason": "半夏可燥湿化痰:降逆止呕,消病散结,为燥湿化痰、温化寒痰之要药。对各种原因的呕吐,皆可随证配伍用之,对痰饮或胃寒所致的胃气上逆呕吐尤宜。另外,半夏辛开散结,可化痰消痞,又可治疗湿阻致心下痞满。"
},
{
"question_num": 21,
"query": "治疗麻疹初热期应首选的方剂是",
"options": {
"A": "黄连解毒汤",
"B": "宣毒发表汤",
"C": "清咽下痰汤",
"D": "清解透表汤",
"E": "羚角钩藤汤"
},
"answer": "B",
"reason": "治疗麻疹初热期应首选的方剂是宣毒发表汤。治疗麻疹出疹期应首选的方剂是清解透表汤,"
},
{
"question_num": 22,
"query": "治疗肝火犯肺型咳嗽的代表方剂是",
"options": {
"A": "二陈汤合三子养亲汤",
"B": "清金化痰汤",
"C": "桑杏汤",
"D": "黛蛤散合黄芩泻白散",
"E": "三拗汤合止嗽散"
},
"answer": "D",
"reason": "肝火犯肺型咳嗽是由于肝郁化火,上逆侮肺所致,治宜清肝泻肺,化痰止咳,方用黛蛤散合黄芩泻白散。痰湿蕴肺型咳嗽是由于脾湿生痰、上渍于肺、壅遏肺气所致,治宜健脾燥湿,化痰止咳,方用二陈汤合三子养亲汤。清金化痰汤治疗痰热郁肺证;桑杏汤治疗风燥伤肺证咳嗽;三拗汤合止嗽散治疗风寒袭肺证咳嗽。"
},
{
"question_num": 23,
"query": "治疗麻疹出疹期应首选的方剂是",
"options": {
"A": "黄连解毒汤",
"B": "宣毒发表汤",
"C": "清咽下痰汤",
"D": "清解透表汤",
"E": "羚角钩藤汤"
},
"answer": "D",
"reason": "治疗麻疹初热期应首选的方剂是宣毒发表汤。治疗麻疹出疹期应首选的方剂是清解透表汤,"
},
{
"question_num": 24,
"query": "治疗痰湿蕴肺型咳嗽的代表方剂是",
"options": {
"A": "二陈汤合三子养亲汤",
"B": "清金化痰汤",
"C": "桑杏汤",
"D": "黛蛤散合黄芩泻白散",
"E": "三拗汤合止嗽散"
},
"answer": "A",
"reason": "肝火犯肺型咳嗽是由于肝郁化火,上逆侮肺所致,治宜清肝泻肺,化痰止咳,方用黛蛤散合黄芩泻白散。痰湿蕴肺型咳嗽是由于脾湿生痰、上渍于肺、壅遏肺气所致,治宜健脾燥湿,化痰止咳,方用二陈汤合三子养亲汤。清金化痰汤治疗痰热郁肺证;桑杏汤治疗风燥伤肺证咳嗽;三拗汤合止嗽散治疗风寒袭肺证咳嗽。"
},
{
"question_num": 25,
"query": "小肠者",
"options": {
"A": "仓廪之官,五味出焉",
"B": "中正之官,决断出焉",
"C": "受盛之官,化物出焉",
"D": "相傅之官,治节出焉",
"E": "作强之官,伎巧出焉"
},
"answer": "C",
"reason": "《素问·灵兰秘典论》:“心者,君主之官也,神明出焉。肺者,相傅之官,治节出焉。肝者,将军之官,谋虑出焉。胆者,中正之官,决断出焉。中者,臣使之官,喜乐出焉。脾胃者,仓廪之官,五味出焉。大肠者,传导之官,变化出焉。小肠者,受盛之官,化物出焉。肾者,作强之官,伎巧出焉。三焦者,决渎之官,水道出焉。者,州,,伴没服病:则能出关"
},
{
"question_num": 26,
"query": "寒邪内阻型腹痛,治疗首选",
"options": {
"A": "柴胡疏肝散",
"B": "逍遥散",
"C": "良附丸合正气天香散",
"D": "木香顺气散",
"E": "小建中汤"
},
"answer": "C",
"reason": "寒邪内阻型腹痛,治当散寒温里,理气止痛,方选良附丸合正气天香散。肝郁气滞型腹痛,治当疏肝解郁,理气止痛,方选柴胡疏肝散。"
},
{
"question_num": 27,
"query": "肺者",
"options": {
"A": "仓廪之官,五味出焉",
"B": "中正之官,决断出焉",
"C": "受盛之官,化物出焉",
"D": "相傅之官,治节出焉",
"E": "作强之官,伎巧出焉"
},
"answer": "D",
"reason": "《素问·灵兰秘典论》:“心者,君主之官也,神明出焉。肺者,相傅之官,治节出焉。肝者,将军之官,谋虑出焉。胆者,中正之官,决断出焉。中者,臣使之官,喜乐出焉。脾胃者,仓廪之官,五味出焉。大肠者,传导之官,变化出焉。小肠者,受盛之官,化物出焉。肾者,作强之官,伎巧出焉。三焦者,决渎之官,水道出焉。者,州,,伴没服病:则能出关"
},
{
"question_num": 28,
"query": "肝郁气滞型腹痛,治疗首选",
"options": {
"A": "柴胡疏肝散",
"B": "逍遥散",
"C": "良附丸合正气天香散",
"D": "木香顺气散",
"E": "小建中汤"
},
"answer": "A",
"reason": "寒邪内阻型腹痛,治当散寒温里,理气止痛,方选良附丸合正气天香散。肝郁气滞型腹痛,治当疏肝解郁,理气止痛,方选柴胡疏肝散。"
},
{
"question_num": 29,
"query": "患者头微痛,恶寒无汗,咳嗽痰稀,鼻塞咽干,苔白,脉弦。治宜选用",
"options": {
"A": "清燥救肺汤",
"B": "杏苏散",
"C": "桑杏汤",
"D": "麦门冬汤",
"E": "百合固金汤"
},
"answer": "B",
"reason": "杏苏散轻宣凉燥,止咳化痰,适用于外感凉燥证。麦门冬汤滋养肺胃,降逆和中,适用于肺胃阴伤气逆之肺瘘及胃阴不足证。"
},
{
"question_num": 30,
"query": "百合固金汤主治",
"options": {
"A": "阴虚肺热咳血",
"B": "胃热壅盛吐血",
"C": "阴虚火旺尿血",
"D": "肝火犯肺咳血",
"E": "肾虚不固尿血"
},
"answer": "A",
"reason": "百合固金汤能滋阴润肺,宁络止血,适用于阴虚肺热的咳嗽痰少,痰中带血。无比山药丸能补肾固摄,适用于肾气不固所致的尿血、腰膝酸软。B项用泻心汤合十灰散;C项用知柏地黄丸;D项用泻白散合黛蛤散加减。"
},
{
"question_num": 31,
"query": "患者咳唾涎沫,短气喘促,咽喉干燥,舌干红少苔,脉虚数。治宜选用",
"options": {
"A": "清燥救肺汤",
"B": "杏苏散",
"C": "桑杏汤",
"D": "麦门冬汤",
"E": "百合固金汤"
},
"answer": "D",
"reason": "杏苏散轻宣凉燥,止咳化痰,适用于外感凉燥证。麦门冬汤滋养肺胃,降逆和中,适用于肺胃阴伤气逆之肺瘘及胃阴不足证。"
},
{
"question_num": 32,
"query": "无比山药丸主治",
"options": {
"A": "阴虚肺热咳血",
"B": "胃热壅盛吐血",
"C": "阴虚火旺尿血",
"D": "肝火犯肺咳血",
"E": "肾虚不固尿血"
},
"answer": "E",
"reason": "百合固金汤能滋阴润肺,宁络止血,适用于阴虚肺热的咳嗽痰少,痰中带血。无比山药丸能补肾固摄,适用于肾气不固所致的尿血、腰膝酸软。B项用泻心汤合十灰散;C项用知柏地黄丸;D项用泻白散合黛蛤散加减。"
},
{
"question_num": 33,
"query": "高热不退,烦闷躁扰,手足抽搐,舌绛而干,脉弦数者。治宜选用",
"options": {
"A": "天麻钩藤饮",
"B": "大定风珠",
"C": "羚角钩藤汤",
"D": "镇肝熄风汤",
"E": "川芎茶调散"
},
"answer": "C",
"reason": "高热不退,手足抽搞,提示此患者有风有热,由此判断为热盛动风之证,羚角钩藤汤凉肝息风,增液舒筋。口苦面红,舌红苔黄为肝阳亢盛之证;肝阳上亢以致头痛眩晕,失眠多梦,天麻钩藤饮乎肝息风,清热活血,补益肝肾。"
},
{
"question_num": 34,
"query": "肝脾血瘀型臌胀可见",
"options": {
"A": "腹大,按之不坚,胁下胀满或痛,纳食减少",
"B": "腹膨大如鼓,按之坚满,脘闷纳呆",
"C": "腹大坚满,青筋暴露,胁腹攻痛,可触及肿块",
"D": "腹大胀满,人暮尤甚,面色萎黄或㿠白,肢冷浮肿",
"E": "腹大坚满,胁腹疼痛拒按,烦热口苦,渴不欲饮"
},
"answer": "C",
"reason": "肝脾血瘀型臌胀可见腹大坚满,青筋暴露,胁腹攻痛,可触及肿块。臌胀水湿内停证可见按之坚满,脘闷纳呆。"
},
{
"question_num": 35,
"query": "头痛眩晕,失眠多梦,舌红苔黄,口苦面红,脉弦数者。治宜选用",
"options": {
"A": "天麻钩藤饮",
"B": "大定风珠",
"C": "羚角钩藤汤",
"D": "镇肝熄风汤",
"E": "川芎茶调散"
},
"answer": "A",
"reason": "高热不退,手足抽搞,提示此患者有风有热,由此判断为热盛动风之证,羚角钩藤汤凉肝息风,增液舒筋。口苦面红,舌红苔黄为肝阳亢盛之证;肝阳上亢以致头痛眩晕,失眠多梦,天麻钩藤饮乎肝息风,清热活血,补益肝肾。"
},
{
"question_num": 36,
"query": "水湿内停型臌胀可见",
"options": {
"A": "腹大,按之不坚,胁下胀满或痛,纳食减少",
"B": "腹膨大如鼓,按之坚满,脘闷纳呆",
"C": "腹大坚满,青筋暴露,胁腹攻痛,可触及肿块",
"D": "腹大胀满,人暮尤甚,面色萎黄或㿠白,肢冷浮肿",
"E": "腹大坚满,胁腹疼痛拒按,烦热口苦,渴不欲饮"
},
"answer": "B",
"reason": "肝脾血瘀型臌胀可见腹大坚满,青筋暴露,胁腹攻痛,可触及肿块。臌胀水湿内停证可见按之坚满,脘闷纳呆。"
},
{
"question_num": 37,
"query": "以狂躁、面赤、哭笑无常为主要临床表现的证候是",
"options": {
"A": "痰蒙心神证",
"B": "胆郁痰扰证",
"C": "痰火扰神证",
"D": "瘀阻脑络证",
"E": "痰阻心脉证"
},
"answer": "C",
"reason": "狂躁、面赤、哭笑无常属阳证,多见于狂证,系痰火扰神;而惊悸不宁、烦躁失眠,大多责之于胆,胆主决断,所以诊为胆郁痰扰证。"
},
{
"question_num": 38,
"query": "患者排便时肛内脱出肿物,分界清楚,便后能自行回纳,青蓝色,易出血,其诊断是",
"options": {
"A": "Ⅱ期内痔",
"B": "Ⅲ期内痔",
"C": "一度直肠脱垂",
"D": "二度直肠脱垂",
"E": "三度直肠脱垂"
},
"answer": "A",
"reason": "内痔分期:①Ⅰ期内痔,无明显自觉症状,痔核小,便时粪便带血,或滴血,量少,无痔核脱出,镜检痔核小,质软,色红;②Ⅱ期内痔,周期性、无痛性便血,呈滴血或射血状,量较多,痔核较大,便时痔核能脱出肛外,便后能自行还纳;③Ⅲ期内痔,便血少或无便血,痔核大,呈灰白色,便时痔核经常脱出肛外,甚至行走、咳嗽、喷嚏、站立时也会脱出肛门,不能自行还纳,须用手托、平卧休息或热敷后方能复位;④Ⅳ期内痔,平时或腹压稍大时痔核即脱出肛外,手托亦常不能复位,痔核经常位于肛外,易感染,形成水肿、糜烂和坏死,疼痛剧烈。直肠脱垂分度:①一度脱垂为直肠黏膜脱出,脱出物淡红色,长3-5cm,触之柔软,无弹性,不易出血,便后可自行回纳;②二度脱垂为直肠全层脱出,脱出物长5-10cm,呈圆锥状,淡红色,表面为环状而有层次的黏膜皱襞,触之较厚,有弹性,肛门松弛,便后有时需用手回复;③三度脱垂为直肠及部分乙状结肠脱出,长10cm以上,呈圆柱形,触之很厚,肛门松弛无力。"
},
{
"question_num": 39,
"query": "以惊悸不宁、烦躁失眠为主要临床表现的证候是",
"options": {
"A": "痰蒙心神证",
"B": "胆郁痰扰证",
"C": "痰火扰神证",
"D": "瘀阻脑络证",
"E": "痰阻心脉证"
},
"answer": "B",
"reason": "狂躁、面赤、哭笑无常属阳证,多见于狂证,系痰火扰神;而惊悸不宁、烦躁失眠,大多责之于胆,胆主决断,所以诊为胆郁痰扰证。"
},
{
"question_num": 40,
"query": "患者排便时肛内脱出肿物,为耳状淡红色黏膜皱襞,长3~5cm,触之柔软,无弹性,便后能自行回纳,不易出血,其诊断是",
"options": {
"A": "Ⅱ期内痔",
"B": "Ⅲ期内痔",
"C": "一度直肠脱垂",
"D": "二度直肠脱垂",
"E": "三度直肠脱垂"
},
"answer": "C",
"reason": "内痔分期:①Ⅰ期内痔,无明显自觉症状,痔核小,便时粪便带血,或滴血,量少,无痔核脱出,镜检痔核小,质软,色红;②Ⅱ期内痔,周期性、无痛性便血,呈滴血或射血状,量较多,痔核较大,便时痔核能脱出肛外,便后能自行还纳;③Ⅲ期内痔,便血少或无便血,痔核大,呈灰白色,便时痔核经常脱出肛外,甚至行走、咳嗽、喷嚏、站立时也会脱出肛门,不能自行还纳,须用手托、平卧休息或热敷后方能复位;④Ⅳ期内痔,平时或腹压稍大时痔核即脱出肛外,手托亦常不能复位,痔核经常位于肛外,易感染,形成水肿、糜烂和坏死,疼痛剧烈。直肠脱垂分度:①一度脱垂为直肠黏膜脱出,脱出物淡红色,长3-5cm,触之柔软,无弹性,不易出血,便后可自行回纳;②二度脱垂为直肠全层脱出,脱出物长5-10cm,呈圆锥状,淡红色,表面为环状而有层次的黏膜皱襞,触之较厚,有弹性,肛门松弛,便后有时需用手回复;③三度脱垂为直肠及部分乙状结肠脱出,长10cm以上,呈圆柱形,触之很厚,肛门松弛无力。"
},
{
"question_num": 41,
"query": "属于手少阴心经的腧穴是",
"options": {
"A": "曲池",
"B": "曲泽",
"C": "尺泽",
"D": "少海",
"E": "小海"
},
"answer": "D",
"reason": "属于手少阴心经的腧穴是少海。属于手太阴肺经的腧穴是尺泽。"
},
{
"question_num": 42,
"query": "多局限于指甲一侧的疔疮称为",
"options": {
"A": "螺疔",
"B": "蛇头疔",
"C": "蛇眼疔",
"D": "蛀节疔",
"E": "蛇肚疔"
},
"answer": "C",
"reason": "生在手指指节间的,绕指肿痛,色黄或紫,叫蛀节疔。生于手指螺纹的,叫螺疔。蛇头疔指指端焮热红肿。蛇眼疔多局限于指甲一侧。生于指腹部的疔疮称蛇肚疔。"
},
{
"question_num": 43,
"query": "属于手太阴肺经的腧穴是",
"options": {
"A": "曲池",
"B": "曲泽",
"C": "尺泽",
"D": "少海",
"E": "小海"
},
"answer": "C",
"reason": "属于手少阴心经的腧穴是少海。属于手太阴肺经的腧穴是尺泽。"
},
{
"question_num": 44,
"query": "生于指腹部的疔疮称为",
"options": {
"A": "螺疔",
"B": "蛇头疔",
"C": "蛇眼疔",
"D": "蛀节疔",
"E": "蛇肚疔"
},
"answer": "E",
"reason": "生在手指指节间的,绕指肿痛,色黄或紫,叫蛀节疔。生于手指螺纹的,叫螺疔。蛇头疔指指端焮热红肿。蛇眼疔多局限于指甲一侧。生于指腹部的疔疮称蛇肚疔。"
},
{
"question_num": 45,
"query": "腹膜刺激征多见于",
"options": {
"A": "急性腹膜炎",
"B": "胆囊结石",
"C": "急性阑尾炎",
"D": "急性胰腺炎",
"E": "肾结石"
},
"answer": "A",
"reason": "腹肌紧张伴压痛反跳痛称为腹膜刺激征,是急性腹膜炎的可靠体征。麦氏点(右髂前上棘与脐连线中外1/3交界处)压痛多考虑急性阑尾炎。"
},
{
"question_num": 46,
"query": "慢脾风患儿的目态是",
"options": {
"A": "戴眼反折",
"B": "目睛凝视",
"C": "睡眠露睛",
"D": "双睑下垂",
"E": "横目斜视"
},
"answer": "C",
"reason": "睡眠露睛:患者昏昏欲睡,睡后胞睑未闭而睛珠外露。多属脾气虚弱,气血不足,胞睑失养所致。常见于吐泻伤津和慢脾风的患儿。双睑下垂:多为先天不足,脾肾亏虚。目睛凝视:两眼固定,不能转动。固定前视者,称瞪目直视;固定上视者,称戴眼反折;固定斜视者,称横目斜视。多属肝风内动之证。"
},
{
"question_num": 47,
"query": "麦氏点压痛多考虑",
"options": {
"A": "急性腹膜炎",
"B": "胆囊结石",
"C": "急性阑尾炎",
"D": "急性胰腺炎",
"E": "肾结石"
},
"answer": "C",
"reason": "腹肌紧张伴压痛反跳痛称为腹膜刺激征,是急性腹膜炎的可靠体征。麦氏点(右髂前上棘与脐连线中外1/3交界处)压痛多考虑急性阑尾炎。"
},
{
"question_num": 48,
"query": "脾肾两亏的目态是",
"options": {
"A": "戴眼反折",
"B": "目睛凝视",
"C": "睡眠露睛",
"D": "双睑下垂",
"E": "横目斜视"
},
"answer": "D",
"reason": "睡眠露睛:患者昏昏欲睡,睡后胞睑未闭而睛珠外露。多属脾气虚弱,气血不足,胞睑失养所致。常见于吐泻伤津和慢脾风的患儿。双睑下垂:多为先天不足,脾肾亏虚。目睛凝视:两眼固定,不能转动。固定前视者,称瞪目直视;固定上视者,称戴眼反折;固定斜视者,称横目斜视。多属肝风内动之证。"
},
{
"question_num": 49,
"query": "正常脾脏检查时表现为",
"options": {
"A": "不易触及",
"B": "Courvoisier征阳性",
"C": "左季肋部和肋脊点有压痛",
"D": "上腹部肋下或左季肋部触及囊性肿物,位置固定,表面光滑,无压痛",
"E": "上腹部轻压痛"
},
"answer": "A",
"reason": "正常情况下脾不能触及。内脏下垂或左侧胸腔积液、积气时膈下降,可使脾向下移位。除此以外,能触到脾则提示脾增大至正常2倍以上。癌发生于胰头部者,可出现梗阻性黄症及胆食肿大而无压痛(即Courvoisier征阳性)。"
},
{
"question_num": 50,
"query": "直接损伤冲任,导致妇科疾病的是",
"options": {
"A": "气血失调,脏腑功能失常",
"B": "情志不畅,肝气郁结",
"C": "思虑过度,劳伤心脾",
"D": "阴虚肺燥,虚火内生",
"E": "经期产时,感染邪毒"
},
"answer": "E",
"reason": "经期产时,忽视卫生,感染邪毒,搏结胞宫,损伤冲任;久居湿地,冒雨涉水,或经期游泳,寒湿之邪侵袭胞宫,客于冲任;跌仆闪挫,外伤(含宫腔手术创伤),房事不节,或“合之非道”,可直接伤及胞宫。脏腑功能失常是间接导致冲任受损的病因。"
},
{
"question_num": 51,
"query": "胰头癌检查时表现为",
"options": {
"A": "不易触及",
"B": "Courvoisier征阳性",
"C": "左季肋部和肋脊点有压痛",
"D": "上腹部肋下或左季肋部触及囊性肿物,位置固定,表面光滑,无压痛",
"E": "上腹部轻压痛"
},
"answer": "B",
"reason": "正常情况下脾不能触及。内脏下垂或左侧胸腔积液、积气时膈下降,可使脾向下移位。除此以外,能触到脾则提示脾增大至正常2倍以上。癌发生于胰头部者,可出现梗阻性黄症及胆食肿大而无压痛(即Courvoisier征阳性)。"
},
{
"question_num": 52,
"query": "间接损伤冲任,导致妇科疾病的是",
"options": {
"A": "气血失调,脏腑功能失常",
"B": "情志不畅,肝气郁结",
"C": "思虑过度,劳伤心脾",
"D": "阴虚肺燥,虚火内生",
"E": "经期产时,感染邪毒"
},
"answer": "A",
"reason": "经期产时,忽视卫生,感染邪毒,搏结胞宫,损伤冲任;久居湿地,冒雨涉水,或经期游泳,寒湿之邪侵袭胞宫,客于冲任;跌仆闪挫,外伤(含宫腔手术创伤),房事不节,或“合之非道”,可直接伤及胞宫。脏腑功能失常是间接导致冲任受损的病因。"
},
{
"question_num": 53,
"query": "肝硬化并发上消化道出血,首选的治疗方法是",
"options": {
"A": "奥美拉唑静脉注射",
"B": "胃内注入去甲肾上腺素",
"C": "气囊压迫止血",
"D": "垂体后叶素静脉注射",
"E": "手术治疗"
},
"answer": "D",
"reason": "肝硬化并发上消化道出血、首选垂休后叶素静脉注射。消化性溃疡并发上消化道出血,首选奥美拉唑静脉注射,奥美拉唑可抑制胃酸分泌,升高胃内pH促进止血。"
},
{
"question_num": 54,
"query": "治疗产后发热血瘀证,应首选",
"options": {
"A": "五味消毒饮",
"B": "生化汤",
"C": "补中益气汤",
"D": "荆防四物汤",
"E": "银翘散"
},
"answer": "B",
"reason": "产后瘀血内阻,营卫不通,阴阳失和,则乍寒乍热,其治疗原则为活血祛瘀,和营除热。产后亡血伤津,阴血骤虚,阳无所依,虚阳越浮于外,则身有微热,其治法为养血益气,和营退热。"
},
{
"question_num": 55,
"query": "消化性溃疡并发上消化道出血,首选的治疗方法是",
"options": {
"A": "奥美拉唑静脉注射",
"B": "胃内注入去甲肾上腺素",
"C": "气囊压迫止血",
"D": "垂体后叶素静脉注射",
"E": "手术治疗"
},
"answer": "A",
"reason": "肝硬化并发上消化道出血、首选垂休后叶素静脉注射。消化性溃疡并发上消化道出血,首选奥美拉唑静脉注射,奥美拉唑可抑制胃酸分泌,升高胃内pH促进止血。"
},
{
"question_num": 56,
"query": "治疗产后发热血虚证,应首选",
"options": {
"A": "五味消毒饮",
"B": "生化汤",
"C": "补中益气汤",
"D": "荆防四物汤",
"E": "银翘散"
},
"answer": "C",
"reason": "产后瘀血内阻,营卫不通,阴阳失和,则乍寒乍热,其治疗原则为活血祛瘀,和营除热。产后亡血伤津,阴血骤虚,阳无所依,虚阳越浮于外,则身有微热,其治法为养血益气,和营退热。"
},
{
"question_num": 57,
"query": "医师经注册后,可以",
"options": {
"A": "经资格认定取得执业证书,取得开展诊疗活动资格",
"B": "在医疗卫生机构中执业,从事相应的医疗卫生服务",
"C": "经医学本科学历教育,具备申请医师资格考试的基本条件",
"D": "增加执业范围",
"E": "经相应职称评审发给执业证书,取得相应的专业职称系列资格"
},
"answer": "B",
"reason": "医师经注册后,可以在医疗卫生机构中按照注册的执业地点、执业类别、执业范围执业,从事相应的医疗卫生服务中医、中西医结合医师可以在医疗机构中的中医科、中西医结合科或者其他临床科室按照注册的执业类别、执业范围执业。医师经相关专业培训和考核合格,可以增加执业范围。"
},
{
"question_num": 58,
"query": "汗证肺卫不固的主症是",
"options": {
"A": "自汗为主,头部、肩背部明显",
"B": "自汗为主,汗出遍身而不温",
"C": "盗汗为主,手足心热",
"D": "自汗或盗汗,头部、四肢为多",
"E": "盗汗为主,遍身汗出"
},
"answer": "A",
"reason": "汗证肺卫不固多见于体质虚弱的小儿,以自汗为主,头部、肩背部明显,可伴有盗汗,易外感;汗证营卫失调以自汗为主,营卫之气遍绕全身,所以汗出全身而不温,没有固定的部位。"
},
{
"question_num": 59,
"query": "医师经相关专业培训和考核合格,可以",
"options": {
"A": "经资格认定取得执业证书,取得开展诊疗活动资格",
"B": "在医疗卫生机构中执业,从事相应的医疗卫生服务",
"C": "经医学本科学历教育,具备申请医师资格考试的基本条件",
"D": "增加执业范围",
"E": "经相应职称评审发给执业证书,取得相应的专业职称系列资格"
},
"answer": "D",
"reason": "医师经注册后,可以在医疗卫生机构中按照注册的执业地点、执业类别、执业范围执业,从事相应的医疗卫生服务中医、中西医结合医师可以在医疗机构中的中医科、中西医结合科或者其他临床科室按照注册的执业类别、执业范围执业。医师经相关专业培训和考核合格,可以增加执业范围。"
},
{
"question_num": 60,
"query": "汗证营卫失调的主症是",
"options": {
"A": "自汗为主,头部、肩背部明显",
"B": "自汗为主,汗出遍身而不温",
"C": "盗汗为主,手足心热",
"D": "自汗或盗汗,头部、四肢为多",
"E": "盗汗为主,遍身汗出"
},
"answer": "B",
"reason": "汗证肺卫不固多见于体质虚弱的小儿,以自汗为主,头部、肩背部明显,可伴有盗汗,易外感;汗证营卫失调以自汗为主,营卫之气遍绕全身,所以汗出全身而不温,没有固定的部位。"
},
{
"question_num": 61,
"query": "心肌梗死合并急性左心衰竭的主要治疗药物是",
"options": {
"A": "吗啡和利尿剂",
"B": "硝普钠",
"C": "毛花苷C",
"D": "卡托普利",
"E": "美托洛尔"
},
"answer": "A",
"reason": "心肌梗死合并急性左心衰竭,以应用吗啡(或哌替啶)为主,亦可选用血管扩张剂减轻左心室的负荷,或用短效血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂从小剂量等开始治疗。血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂适用于伴有心力衰竭、心肌梗死后、糖耐量异常或糖尿病肾病的高血压患者。"
},
{
"question_num": 62,
"query": "治疗麻疹初热期应首选的方剂是",
"options": {
"A": "黄连解毒汤",
"B": "宣毒发表汤",
"C": "清咽下痰汤",
"D": "清解透表汤",
"E": "羚角钩藤汤"
},
"answer": "B",
"reason": "麻疹初热期,治宜辛凉透表,清宣肺卫,方选宣毒发表汤。麻疹出疹期,治宜清热解毒,佐以透发,方选清解透表汤。"
},
{
"question_num": 63,
"query": "高血压伴心力衰竭的患者应选用的药物是",
"options": {
"A": "吗啡和利尿剂",
"B": "硝普钠",
"C": "毛花苷C",
"D": "卡托普利",
"E": "美托洛尔"
},
"answer": "D",
"reason": "心肌梗死合并急性左心衰竭,以应用吗啡(或哌替啶)为主,亦可选用血管扩张剂减轻左心室的负荷,或用短效血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂从小剂量等开始治疗。血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂适用于伴有心力衰竭、心肌梗死后、糖耐量异常或糖尿病肾病的高血压患者。"
},
{
"question_num": 64,
"query": "治疗麻疹出疹期应首选的方剂是",
"options": {
"A": "黄连解毒汤",
"B": "宣毒发表汤",
"C": "清咽下痰汤",
"D": "清解透表汤",
"E": "羚角钩藤汤"
},
"answer": "D",
"reason": "麻疹初热期,治宜辛凉透表,清宣肺卫,方选宣毒发表汤。麻疹出疹期,治宜清热解毒,佐以透发,方选清解透表汤。"
},
{
"question_num": 65,
"query": "用补益药治疗闭塞不通症状的病证,属于",
"options": {
"A": "热因热用",
"B": "寒因寒用",
"C": "塞因塞用",
"D": "通因通用",
"E": "热者寒之"
},
"answer": "C",
"reason": "热因热用即以热药治疗真寒假热之法;寒因寒用指用寒凉药治疗内真热而外假寒的方法;通因通用是以通治通,即用通利药治疗具有实性通泄症状的病证;塞因塞用,前“塞”为塞法,指补养固涩,后“寒”为寒证,指本虚标实之满胀不通的病证!热者寒之指热性的疾病,用寒凉的方药治疗。"
},
{
"question_num": 66,
"query": "根据五行相克规律确定的治则是",
"options": {
"A": "益火补土",
"B": "培土制水",
"C": "滋水涵木",
"D": "泻南补北",
"E": "佐金平木"
},
"answer": "B",
"reason": "“培土制水法”是用温运脾阳或温肾健脾药以治疗水湿停聚为病的一种方法,即加强“土”的力量以克制“水”。“佐金平木法”是清肃肺气以抑制肝木的方法。"
},
{
"question_num": 67,
"query": "用热性药治疗具有假热症状的病证,属于",
"options": {
"A": "热因热用",
"B": "寒因寒用",
"C": "塞因塞用",
"D": "通因通用",
"E": "热者寒之"
},
"answer": "A",
"reason": "热因热用即以热药治疗真寒假热之法;寒因寒用指用寒凉药治疗内真热而外假寒的方法;通因通用是以通治通,即用通利药治疗具有实性通泄症状的病证;塞因塞用,前“塞”为塞法,指补养固涩,后“寒”为寒证,指本虚标实之满胀不通的病证!热者寒之指热性的疾病,用寒凉的方药治疗。"
},
{
"question_num": 68,
"query": "清肃肺气以抑制肝木的治法属于",
"options": {
"A": "益火补土",
"B": "培土制水",
"C": "滋水涵木",
"D": "泻南补北",
"E": "佐金平木"
},
"answer": "E",
"reason": "“培土制水法”是用温运脾阳或温肾健脾药以治疗水湿停聚为病的一种方法,即加强“土”的力量以克制“水”。“佐金平木法”是清肃肺气以抑制肝木的方法。"
},
{
"question_num": 69,
"query": "\"无恒德者,不可以作医,人命死生之系。\"出自的著作是",
"options": {
"A": "《省心录·论医》",
"B": "《备急千金要方》",
"C": "《外科正宗》",
"D": "《本草纲目》",
"E": "《迈蒙尼提斯祷文》"
},
"answer": "A",
"reason": "“无恒德者,不可以作医,人命死生之系”,出自我国古代的医学道德著作《省心录·论医》。“启我爱医术,复爱世间人,愿绝名利心,尽力为病人,无分爱与憎,不问富与贫,凡诸疾病者,一视如同仁。”出自阿拉伯医学道德著作《迈蒙尼提斯祷文》。"
},
{
"question_num": 70,
"query": "患者因流产而失血过多,导致月经不调,久不怀孕,其病在哪经",
"options": {
"A": "阴跷脉、阳跷脉",
"B": "阴维脉、阳维脉",
"C": "督脉、任脉",
"D": "冲脉、任脉",
"E": "阴跷脉、阴维脉"
},
"answer": "D",
"reason": "任脉可调节全身阴经脉气,故称“阴脉之海”;冲脉可含蓄调节十二经气血,故称“十二经之海”,又称“血海”。根据任脉和冲脉的作用,妇女月经病多与冲任二脉有关。阴跷脉和阳跷脉具有调节肢体运动,司眼睑开合的作用,故当患者久病,眼睑开合失司,下肢运动不利时,病应在阴跷脉和阳跷脉。"
},
{
"question_num": 71,
"query": "\"启我爱医术,复爱世间人,愿绝名利心,尽力为病人,无分爱与憎,不问富与贫,凡诸疾病者,一视如同仁。\"出自的著作是",
"options": {
"A": "《省心录·论医》",
"B": "《备急千金要方》",
"C": "《外科正宗》",
"D": "《本草纲目》",
"E": "《迈蒙尼提斯祷文》"
},
"answer": "E",
"reason": "“无恒德者,不可以作医,人命死生之系”,出自我国古代的医学道德著作《省心录·论医》。“启我爱医术,复爱世间人,愿绝名利心,尽力为病人,无分爱与憎,不问富与贫,凡诸疾病者,一视如同仁。”出自阿拉伯医学道德著作《迈蒙尼提斯祷文》。"
},
{
"question_num": 72,
"query": "患者久病,眼睑开合失司,下肢运动不利,其病在哪经",
"options": {
"A": "阴跷脉、阳跷脉",
"B": "阴维脉、阳维脉",
"C": "督脉、任脉",
"D": "冲脉、任脉",
"E": "阴跷脉、阴维脉"
},
"answer": "A",
"reason": "任脉可调节全身阴经脉气,故称“阴脉之海”;冲脉可含蓄调节十二经气血,故称“十二经之海”,又称“血海”。根据任脉和冲脉的作用,妇女月经病多与冲任二脉有关。阴跷脉和阳跷脉具有调节肢体运动,司眼睑开合的作用,故当患者久病,眼睑开合失司,下肢运动不利时,病应在阴跷脉和阳跷脉。"
},
{
"question_num": 73,
"query": "上述各项中符合急诊科道德要求的是",
"options": {
"A": "尊重病人的人格",
"B": "精诚团结,密切协作",
"C": "分秒必争,全力以赴",
"D": "具有无私奉献精神",
"E": "保守隐私和秘密"
},
"answer": "C",
"reason": "急诊科道德要求做好充分的急救准备;要争分夺秒,积极抢救病人要勇于承担风险,团结协作。传染科道德要求重视消毒和隔离;强化社会预防保健意识;要有不怕苦、不怕果、勇于献身的高尚道德情操;严格疫情报告制度;科学防治,不断探索。"
},
{
"question_num": 74,
"query": "阻塞性黄疸,常出现",
"options": {
"A": "水样或粥样稀便",
"B": "灰白色便",
"C": "鲜血便",
"D": "细条状便",
"E": "褐色球状便"
},
"answer": "B",
"reason": "灰白色便常见于梗阻性黄疸;下消化道出血常见鲜血便;细条状便可见于直肠狭窄;水样便或粥样稀便多见于腹泻;褐色球状便多见于便秘。"
},
{
"question_num": 75,
"query": "上述各项中符合传染科道德要求的是",
"options": {
"A": "尊重病人的人格",
"B": "精诚团结,密切协作",
"C": "分秒必争,全力以赴",
"D": "具有无私奉献精神",
"E": "保守隐私和秘密"
},
"answer": "D",
"reason": "急诊科道德要求做好充分的急救准备;要争分夺秒,积极抢救病人要勇于承担风险,团结协作。传染科道德要求重视消毒和隔离;强化社会预防保健意识;要有不怕苦、不怕果、勇于献身的高尚道德情操;严格疫情报告制度;科学防治,不断探索。"
},
{
"question_num": 76,
"query": "直肠狭窄,常出现",
"options": {
"A": "水样或粥样稀便",
"B": "灰白色便",
"C": "鲜血便",
"D": "细条状便",
"E": "褐色球状便"
},
"answer": "D",
"reason": "灰白色便常见于梗阻性黄疸;下消化道出血常见鲜血便;细条状便可见于直肠狭窄;水样便或粥样稀便多见于腹泻;褐色球状便多见于便秘。"
},
{
"question_num": 77,
"query": "评价医务人员医疗行为善恶的标准的出发点和根本标准是",
"options": {
"A": "经济标准",
"B": "疗效标准",
"C": "社会标准",
"D": "行为标准",
"E": "科学标准"
},
"answer": "B",
"reason": "医德评价的标准有利于疾病的缓解、痊愈和生命的安全;有利于医学科学的发展和揭示人类生命的奥妙;有利于人类生存环境的保护和改善。疗效标准是详价医务人员医疗行为善恶标准的出发点和根本标准。社会标准是评价医疗行为是否有利于人类生存和改善,是否有利于人类健康。"
},
{
"question_num": 78,
"query": "遗尿肾气不足者,首选",
"options": {
"A": "关元、中极、膀胱俞、三阴交、百会、神门",
"B": "关元、中极、膀胱俞、三阴交、肺俞、脾俞",
"C": "关元、中极、膀胱俞、三阴交、脾俞、胃俞",
"D": "关元、中极、膀胱俞、三阴交、肾俞、命门",
"E": "关元、中极、膀胱俞、三阴交、足三里、胃俞"
},
"answer": "D",
"reason": "遗尿之肾气不足证,应在主穴关元、中极、膀胱俞、三阴交的基础上加肾俞、命门以培补肾气。遗尿脾肺气虚证,应在主穴关元、中极、膀胱俞、三阴交的基础上加肺俞、脾俞以补益脾肺。"
},
{
"question_num": 79,
"query": "评价医疗行为是否有利于人类生存和改善,是否有利于人类健康符合",
"options": {
"A": "经济标准",
"B": "疗效标准",
"C": "社会标准",
"D": "行为标准",
"E": "科学标准"
},
"answer": "C",
"reason": "医德评价的标准有利于疾病的缓解、痊愈和生命的安全;有利于医学科学的发展和揭示人类生命的奥妙;有利于人类生存环境的保护和改善。疗效标准是详价医务人员医疗行为善恶标准的出发点和根本标准。社会标准是评价医疗行为是否有利于人类生存和改善,是否有利于人类健康。"
},
{
"question_num": 80,
"query": "遗尿脾肺气虚者,首选",
"options": {
"A": "关元、中极、膀胱俞、三阴交、百会、神门",
"B": "关元、中极、膀胱俞、三阴交、肺俞、脾俞",
"C": "关元、中极、膀胱俞、三阴交、脾俞、胃俞",
"D": "关元、中极、膀胱俞、三阴交、肾俞、命门",
"E": "关元、中极、膀胱俞、三阴交、足三里、胃俞"
},
"answer": "B",
"reason": "遗尿之肾气不足证,应在主穴关元、中极、膀胱俞、三阴交的基础上加肾俞、命门以培补肾气。遗尿脾肺气虚证,应在主穴关元、中极、膀胱俞、三阴交的基础上加肺俞、脾俞以补益脾肺。"
}
] |