| [ | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 1, | |
| "query": "痰浊头痛若痰湿久郁化热，口苦便秘，舌红苔黄腻者，应加用", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "黄芩、竹茹、枳实", | |
| "B": "知母、黄柏、生地黄", | |
| "C": "麻黄、桂枝、生姜", | |
| "D": "党参、黄芪、白术", | |
| "E": "厚朴、陈皮、藿梗" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "痰浊头痛治法:健脾燥湿，化痰降逆。方药:半夏白术天麻汤加减。若痰湿久郁化热，口苦便秘，舌红苔黄腻者，可加黄苓、竹茹、枳实、南星。风湿头痛治法:祛风胜湿递窍。方药:羌活胜湿汤加减。胸问腕病、腹胀便溏显著者，加苍术、厚朴、陈皮、粳以燥湿宽中,理气消胀。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 2, | |
| "query": "风湿头痛胸闷脘痞，腹胀便溏显著者，应加用", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "黄芩、竹茹、枳实", | |
| "B": "知母、黄柏、生地黄", | |
| "C": "麻黄、桂枝、生姜", | |
| "D": "党参、黄芪、白术", | |
| "E": "厚朴、陈皮、藿梗" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "E", | |
| "reason": "痰浊头痛治法:健脾燥湿，化痰降逆。方药:半夏白术天麻汤加减。若痰湿久郁化热，口苦便秘，舌红苔黄腻者，可加黄苓、竹茹、枳实、南星。风湿头痛治法:祛风胜湿递窍。方药:羌活胜湿汤加减。胸问腕病、腹胀便溏显著者，加苍术、厚朴、陈皮、粳以燥湿宽中,理气消胀。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 3, | |
| "query": "易侵犯上部的是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "风邪", | |
| "B": "寒邪", | |
| "C": "暑邪", | |
| "D": "湿邪", | |
| "E": "燥邪" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "风为阳邪，轻扬开泄，易袭阳位;风邪善动不居，具有轻扬、升发、向上、向外的特性，常伤及人体的上部(头、面)。温性趋下，易袭阴位:湿邪为重浊有质之邪,类水属阴而有趋下之势，人体下部亦属阴，类相龙长浪邨出定，名具作及人休下部" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 4, | |
| "query": "易侵犯下部的是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "风邪", | |
| "B": "寒邪", | |
| "C": "暑邪", | |
| "D": "湿邪", | |
| "E": "燥邪" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "风为阳邪，轻扬开泄，易袭阳位;风邪善动不居，具有轻扬、升发、向上、向外的特性，常伤及人体的上部(头、面)。温性趋下，易袭阴位:湿邪为重浊有质之邪,类水属阴而有趋下之势，人体下部亦属阴，类相龙长浪邨出定，名具作及人休下部" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 5, | |
| "query": "病室有尿臊气味的是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "消渴晚期", | |
| "B": "肾衰竭", | |
| "C": "有机磷中毒", | |
| "D": "溃腐疮疡", | |
| "E": "脏腑衰败" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "临床工作中，嗅诊可迅速提供具有重要意义的诊断线索，但必须要结合其他检查才能作出正确的诊断。尿臊气或氨味见于肾表蝎尿毒症。烂苹果味见于糖尿病酮症酸中毒者。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 6, | |
| "query": "病室有烂苹果气味的是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "消渴晚期", | |
| "B": "肾衰竭", | |
| "C": "有机磷中毒", | |
| "D": "溃腐疮疡", | |
| "E": "脏腑衰败" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "临床工作中，嗅诊可迅速提供具有重要意义的诊断线索，但必须要结合其他检查才能作出正确的诊断。尿臊气或氨味见于肾表蝎尿毒症。烂苹果味见于糖尿病酮症酸中毒者。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 7, | |
| "query": "发热微恶寒，口干微渴，头痛，脉浮数是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "太阳伤寒", | |
| "B": "太阳中风", | |
| "C": "卫分证", | |
| "D": "气分证", | |
| "E": "少阳证" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "A项表现为恶寒发热、头痛、身痛、无汗等。B项因风邪外袭，卫受病则卫阳浮盛于外而发热;卫阳浮盛于外，营阴不能内守,而汗出;汗出肌疏,故恶风;营阴不足,故脉浮缓。C项因温热病邪，犯于肌表，卫为邪郁,故发热微恶寒;热伤津液,故口干微渴;阳邪必伤阳络,清空被扰，是以头痛。D项可见发热亚宾反恶执，土红共苦，脉妆，下项可见口芒咽干、目眩等" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 8, | |
| "query": "恶风发热，头痛，汗出，脉浮缓是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "太阳伤寒", | |
| "B": "太阳中风", | |
| "C": "卫分证", | |
| "D": "气分证", | |
| "E": "少阳证" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "A项表现为恶寒发热、头痛、身痛、无汗等。B项因风邪外袭，卫受病则卫阳浮盛于外而发热;卫阳浮盛于外，营阴不能内守,而汗出;汗出肌疏,故恶风;营阴不足,故脉浮缓。C项因温热病邪，犯于肌表，卫为邪郁,故发热微恶寒;热伤津液,故口干微渴;阳邪必伤阳络,清空被扰，是以头痛。D项可见发热亚宾反恶执，土红共苦，脉妆，下项可见口芒咽干、目眩等" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 9, | |
| "query": "头部或肢体摇动颤抖，不能自制，为", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "痿证", | |
| "B": "颤证", | |
| "C": "痹证", | |
| "D": "偏枯", | |
| "E": "腰痛" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "频证:头部或肢体摇动颤抖，不能自制。痿证:肢体筋脉迟缓，软弱无力，不能随意运动，或伴有肌肉萎缩，" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 10, | |
| "query": "肢体筋脉迟缓，软弱无力，不能随意运动，为", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "痿证", | |
| "B": "颤证", | |
| "C": "痹证", | |
| "D": "偏枯", | |
| "E": "腰痛" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "频证:头部或肢体摇动颤抖，不能自制。痿证:肢体筋脉迟缓，软弱无力，不能随意运动，或伴有肌肉萎缩，" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 11, | |
| "query": "患者，女性，31岁。妊娠3个月，精神不振，今日突感腰酸难忍，小腹坠痛，舌质淡白，脉弱，其证候是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "肾气不固", | |
| "B": "肾虚水泛", | |
| "C": "肾精不足", | |
| "D": "肾阳虚", | |
| "E": "肾阴虚" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "妊娠3个月，今日突感腰酸难忍、小腹坠痛为胎动之征，为肾气不足，任脉失养所致，舌脉为肾气虚衰之象。B项可见下肢浮肿，畏寒肢冷等。C项肾精主生殖，肾精亏虚，故见不育，肾之华在发，精不足则发不长,易脱发，舌脉为肾精不足之征。D项可见带下清冷、量多、质稀,腰酸腿软,小腹发凉，大便溏，舌淡苔白,脉沉迟;已项可见腰膝酸痛，眩晕耳鸣,失眠多梦等。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 12, | |
| "query": "患者，男性，30岁。结婚3年不育，脱发，腰酸软无力，舌质淡白，尺脉弱，其证候是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "肾气不固", | |
| "B": "肾虚水泛", | |
| "C": "肾精不足", | |
| "D": "肾阳虚", | |
| "E": "肾阴虚" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "妊娠3个月，今日突感腰酸难忍、小腹坠痛为胎动之征，为肾气不足，任脉失养所致，舌脉为肾气虚衰之象。B项可见下肢浮肿，畏寒肢冷等。C项肾精主生殖，肾精亏虚，故见不育，肾之华在发，精不足则发不长,易脱发，舌脉为肾精不足之征。D项可见带下清冷、量多、质稀,腰酸腿软,小腹发凉，大便溏，舌淡苔白,脉沉迟;已项可见腰膝酸痛，眩晕耳鸣,失眠多梦等。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 13, | |
| "query": "用于止血，宜炒炭用的药物是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "紫苏", | |
| "B": "荆芥", | |
| "C": "香薷", | |
| "D": "麻黄", | |
| "E": "生姜" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "紫苏可解表散寒:行气宽中，宜生用。荆芥可祛风解表，透疹消疮，止血;止血宜炒用。香薷可发汗解表，化湿和中，利水消肿，宜生用。麻黄可发汗解表，宣肺平喘,利水消肿;发汗解表宜生用，止咳乎喘多卖用。生姜可解表散寒，温中止呕，温肺止咳，宜生用。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 14, | |
| "query": "用于平喘，宜蜜炙用的药物是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "紫苏", | |
| "B": "荆芥", | |
| "C": "香薷", | |
| "D": "麻黄", | |
| "E": "生姜" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "紫苏可解表散寒:行气宽中，宜生用。荆芥可祛风解表，透疹消疮，止血;止血宜炒用。香薷可发汗解表，化湿和中，利水消肿，宜生用。麻黄可发汗解表，宣肺平喘,利水消肿;发汗解表宜生用，止咳乎喘多卖用。生姜可解表散寒，温中止呕，温肺止咳，宜生用。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 15, | |
| "query": "患者疼痛沿三焦经放散，其病变部位在", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "下肢外侧后缘", | |
| "B": "上肢内侧中线", | |
| "C": "下肢外侧前缘", | |
| "D": "上肢外侧中线", | |
| "E": "上肢内侧后缘" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "在四肢部，阴经分布在内侧，阳经分布在外侧面。大体上，太阴、阳明在前缘，少阴、太阳在后缘，厥阴、少阳在中线，故患者疼痛沿手少阳三焦经放散，其病变部位在D项;患者病发心绞痛，沿手少阴经放散，其病变部位在巨项，" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 16, | |
| "query": "患者病发心绞痛，沿手少阴经放散，其病变部位在", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "下肢外侧后缘", | |
| "B": "上肢内侧中线", | |
| "C": "下肢外侧前缘", | |
| "D": "上肢外侧中线", | |
| "E": "上肢内侧后缘" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "E", | |
| "reason": "在四肢部，阴经分布在内侧，阳经分布在外侧面。大体上，太阴、阳明在前缘，少阴、太阳在后缘，厥阴、少阳在中线，故患者疼痛沿手少阳三焦经放散，其病变部位在D项;患者病发心绞痛，沿手少阴经放散，其病变部位在巨项，" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 17, | |
| "query": "瘀血腰痛的特点是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "腰部疼痛，重着而热", | |
| "B": "腰痛如刺，痛有定处", | |
| "C": "腰部冷痛重着", | |
| "D": "腰部隐痛", | |
| "E": "腰部胀痛" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "瘀血腰痛证候:腰痛如刺，痛有定处，痛处拒按，昼轻夜重，轻者俯仰不便，重者不能转侧，舌质暗紫，或有瘀斑,脉涩。部分患者有外伤、劳损史。治法:活血化瘀，理气止痛。方药:身痛逐瘀汤加减。肾虚腰痛证候:腰痛隐隐，酸软为主，喜揉喜按,腿膝无力，遇劳更其,卧则减轻，常反复发作。偏阳虚者，则少腹拘急，而色姚白，时宾思冷，少气乏力,舌淡,脉沉细;偏阴虚者,则心烦失眠，口燥咽干，面色潮红,手足心热，舌红少苔，脉弦细数。治法:偏阳虚者，宜温补肾阳;偏阴虚者，宜滋补肾阴。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 18, | |
| "query": "肾虚腰痛的特点是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "腰部疼痛，重着而热", | |
| "B": "腰痛如刺，痛有定处", | |
| "C": "腰部冷痛重着", | |
| "D": "腰部隐痛", | |
| "E": "腰部胀痛" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "瘀血腰痛证候:腰痛如刺，痛有定处，痛处拒按，昼轻夜重，轻者俯仰不便，重者不能转侧，舌质暗紫，或有瘀斑,脉涩。部分患者有外伤、劳损史。治法:活血化瘀，理气止痛。方药:身痛逐瘀汤加减。肾虚腰痛证候:腰痛隐隐，酸软为主，喜揉喜按,腿膝无力，遇劳更其,卧则减轻，常反复发作。偏阳虚者，则少腹拘急，而色姚白，时宾思冷，少气乏力,舌淡,脉沉细;偏阴虚者,则心烦失眠，口燥咽干，面色潮红,手足心热，舌红少苔，脉弦细数。治法:偏阳虚者，宜温补肾阳;偏阴虚者，宜滋补肾阴。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 19, | |
| "query": "具有生风动血致病特点的邪气是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "疠气", | |
| "B": "寒邪", | |
| "C": "湿邪", | |
| "D": "燥邪", | |
| "E": "火邪" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "E", | |
| "reason": "火热邪气容易出现高热、神昏、抽搞等症，为热极生风，同时热迫血行，极易出血。燥邪容易伤津，容易伤肺，出现口干咽燥,干咳少痰。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 20, | |
| "query": "具有干涩伤津致病特点的邪气是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "疠气", | |
| "B": "寒邪", | |
| "C": "湿邪", | |
| "D": "燥邪", | |
| "E": "火邪" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "火热邪气容易出现高热、神昏、抽搞等症，为热极生风，同时热迫血行，极易出血。燥邪容易伤津，容易伤肺，出现口干咽燥,干咳少痰。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 21, | |
| "query": "女贞子的功效是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "既能补益肝肾，又能明目润肺", | |
| "B": "既能补益肝肾，又能清热明目", | |
| "C": "既能补益肝肾，又能润肠通便", | |
| "D": "既能补益肝肾，又能养血补心", | |
| "E": "既能补益肝肾，又能清心安神" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "女贞子滋补肝肾乌须明目，清热;枸杞子滋补肝肾，益精明目，润肺。-15123~124.BC【解析】柏子仁的功效为养心安神，润肠通便。酸束仁的功效为养心益肝，安神，敛汗,生津。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 22, | |
| "query": "治疗阳黄湿重于热，应首选", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "茵陈蒿汤", | |
| "B": "茵陈五苓散", | |
| "C": "茵陈术附汤", | |
| "D": "鳖甲煎丸", | |
| "E": "逍遥散" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "茵陈五苓散可利湿化浊运脾，佐以清热的功能，治疗阳黄湿重于热。茵陈术附汤能温化寒湿，用于寒湿阻滞之阴黄。A项治疗阳黄热重于湿；D项和E项合治黄疸消退后的气滞血瘀证。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 23, | |
| "query": "枸杞子的功效是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "既能补益肝肾，又能明目润肺", | |
| "B": "既能补益肝肾，又能清热明目", | |
| "C": "既能补益肝肾，又能润肠通便", | |
| "D": "既能补益肝肾，又能养血补心", | |
| "E": "既能补益肝肾，又能清心安神" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "女贞子滋补肝肾乌须明目，清热;枸杞子滋补肝肾，益精明目，润肺。-15123~124.BC【解析】柏子仁的功效为养心安神，润肠通便。酸束仁的功效为养心益肝，安神，敛汗,生津。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 24, | |
| "query": "治疗阴黄，应首选", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "茵陈蒿汤", | |
| "B": "茵陈五苓散", | |
| "C": "茵陈术附汤", | |
| "D": "鳖甲煎丸", | |
| "E": "逍遥散" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "茵陈五苓散可利湿化浊运脾，佐以清热的功能，治疗阳黄湿重于热。茵陈术附汤能温化寒湿，用于寒湿阻滞之阴黄。A项治疗阳黄热重于湿；D项和E项合治黄疸消退后的气滞血瘀证。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 25, | |
| "query": "柏子仁除养心安神外，还具有的功效是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "祛痰", | |
| "B": "通便", | |
| "C": "敛汗", | |
| "D": "解郁", | |
| "E": "利尿" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "柏子仁的功效为养心安神，润肠通便。酸枣仁的功效为养心益肝，安神，敛汗，生津" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 26, | |
| "query": "清燥救肺汤证的病因病机是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "凉燥伤肺，营卫受邪", | |
| "B": "温燥外袭，肺津被灼", | |
| "C": "温燥伤肺，气阴两伤", | |
| "D": "肺肾阴虚，虚火上炎", | |
| "E": "肝肾阴虚，虚火上炎" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "清燥救肺汤主治温燥伤肺证。本证由秋令久晴无雨，温燥伤肺所致。杏苏散主治感凉燥证。本证由外感凉燥，肺失宣肃，痰湿内阻所致。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 27, | |
| "query": "酸枣仁除养心安神外，还具有的功效是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "祛痰", | |
| "B": "通便", | |
| "C": "敛汗", | |
| "D": "解郁", | |
| "E": "利尿" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "柏子仁的功效为养心安神，润肠通便。酸枣仁的功效为养心益肝，安神，敛汗，生津" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 28, | |
| "query": "杏苏散证的病因病机是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "凉燥伤肺，营卫受邪", | |
| "B": "温燥外袭，肺津被灼", | |
| "C": "温燥伤肺，气阴两伤", | |
| "D": "肺肾阴虚，虚火上炎", | |
| "E": "肝肾阴虚，虚火上炎" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "清燥救肺汤主治温燥伤肺证。本证由秋令久晴无雨，温燥伤肺所致。杏苏散主治感凉燥证。本证由外感凉燥，肺失宣肃，痰湿内阻所致。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 29, | |
| "query": "高热烦躁，神昏谵语，痉厥，舌红或绛脉数有力，治宜", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "紫雪", | |
| "B": "至宝丹", | |
| "C": "苏合香丸", | |
| "D": "羚角钩藤汤", | |
| "E": "安宫牛黄丸" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "根据题干所述，可以明确125题、126题患者的证型分别为热盛动风证和寒闭证。紫雪清热开窍，息风止痘，适于治疗邪热内陷心包、热盛动风证。至宝开清热开窍，化浊解毒，适用于疾热内闭心包证。苏合香九芳香开窍，行气温中，适于治疗寒闭证。羚角钩藤汤凉肝息风，增液舒筋，适于治疗肝热生风证。安宫牛黄九清热开窍，豁痰解毒，适用于邪热内陷心包证" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 30, | |
| "query": "胃脘胀痛，痛连两胁，遇烦恼则痛作或痛甚，嗳气、矢气则痛舒，胸闷嗳气，喜长叹息，大便不畅，舌苔多薄白，脉弦。证属", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "寒邪客胃证", | |
| "B": "饮食伤胃证", | |
| "C": "肝气犯胃证", | |
| "D": "湿热中阻证", | |
| "E": "瘀血停胃证" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "患者由于肝气郁结，横逆犯胃，胃气阻滞导致胃脘痛，辨证分析为肝气郁结证。治宜疏肝解郁，理气畅中。患者由于寒凝胃脘，阳气被遏，气机郁滞，胃痛暴作可见胃脘痛，辨证分析为寒邪客胃证。由于寒邪犯胃或饮食生冷，寒积于胃，寒凝气滞，不通则痛，导致胃痛暴作；恶寒喜暖，得温则痛减，遇寒加重是因寒遏胃肠，温则寒散，寒则增其邪势；口淡不渴由于胃无热邪；或喜热饮因热能胜寒；苔薄白为寒痛之象，脉弦紧为弦脉主痛，紧脉主寒。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 31, | |
| "query": "突然昏倒，牙关紧闭，不省人事，苔白，脉迟，治宜", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "紫雪", | |
| "B": "至宝丹", | |
| "C": "苏合香丸", | |
| "D": "羚角钩藤汤", | |
| "E": "安宫牛黄丸" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "根据题干所述，可以明确125题、126题患者的证型分别为热盛动风证和寒闭证。紫雪清热开窍，息风止痘，适于治疗邪热内陷心包、热盛动风证。至宝开清热开窍，化浊解毒，适用于疾热内闭心包证。苏合香九芳香开窍，行气温中，适于治疗寒闭证。羚角钩藤汤凉肝息风，增液舒筋，适于治疗肝热生风证。安宫牛黄九清热开窍，豁痰解毒，适用于邪热内陷心包证" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 32, | |
| "query": "胃病暴作，恶寒喜暖，得温痛减，遇寒加重，口淡不渴，或喜热饮，舌淡苔薄白，脉弦紧。证属", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "寒邪客胃证", | |
| "B": "饮食伤胃证", | |
| "C": "肝气犯胃证", | |
| "D": "湿热中阻证", | |
| "E": "瘀血停胃证" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "患者由于肝气郁结，横逆犯胃，胃气阻滞导致胃脘痛，辨证分析为肝气郁结证。治宜疏肝解郁，理气畅中。患者由于寒凝胃脘，阳气被遏，气机郁滞，胃痛暴作可见胃脘痛，辨证分析为寒邪客胃证。由于寒邪犯胃或饮食生冷，寒积于胃，寒凝气滞，不通则痛，导致胃痛暴作；恶寒喜暖，得温则痛减，遇寒加重是因寒遏胃肠，温则寒散，寒则增其邪势；口淡不渴由于胃无热邪；或喜热饮因热能胜寒；苔薄白为寒痛之象，脉弦紧为弦脉主痛，紧脉主寒。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 33, | |
| "query": "仙方活命饮中配伍天花粉的主要用意是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "清热生津润燥", | |
| "B": "散结消瘀续伤", | |
| "C": "涤痰散结宽胸", | |
| "D": "清热生津止渴", | |
| "E": "清热化痰散结" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "E", | |
| "reason": "仙方活命饮清热解毒，消肿溃坚，活血止痛，其中用贝母、天花粉清热化痰散结。复元活血汤活血祛瘀，疏肝通络，其中用瓜墓根消瘀散结而续伤为佐。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 34, | |
| "query": "癃的特点是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "小便不利，点滴而短少，病势较缓", | |
| "B": "小便频急", | |
| "C": "尿道灼痛", | |
| "D": "小便闭塞，点滴不通，病势较急", | |
| "E": "小便淋沥不尽" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "癃闭是指由于肾和膀胱气化失司而导致尿量减少，排尿困难，甚则小便闭塞不通为主症的一种疾病，其中又以小便不利，点滴而短少，病势较缓者为“癃”；以小便闭塞，点滴不通，病势较急者称为“闭”。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 35, | |
| "query": "复元活血汤中配伍瓜蒌根的主要用意是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "清热生津润燥", | |
| "B": "散结消瘀续伤", | |
| "C": "涤痰散结宽胸", | |
| "D": "清热生津止渴", | |
| "E": "清热化痰散结" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "仙方活命饮清热解毒，消肿溃坚，活血止痛，其中用贝母、天花粉清热化痰散结。复元活血汤活血祛瘀，疏肝通络，其中用瓜墓根消瘀散结而续伤为佐。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 36, | |
| "query": "闭的特点是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "小便不利，点滴而短少，病势较缓", | |
| "B": "小便频急", | |
| "C": "尿道灼痛", | |
| "D": "小便闭塞，点滴不通，病势较急", | |
| "E": "小便淋沥不尽" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "癃闭是指由于肾和膀胱气化失司而导致尿量减少，排尿困难，甚则小便闭塞不通为主症的一种疾病，其中又以小便不利，点滴而短少，病势较缓者为“癃”；以小便闭塞，点滴不通，病势较急者称为“闭”。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 37, | |
| "query": "股肿的常见病因是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "多食肥甘厚味", | |
| "B": "产后、外伤、术后长期卧床", | |
| "C": "长期站立、从事重体力劳动", | |
| "D": "小腿皮肤破损感染毒邪", | |
| "E": "大量吸烟，久居寒冷湿地" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "股肿是指血液在深静脉血管内发生异常凝固，而引起静脉阻塞血液回流障碍的疾病。病因主要是因为创伤或产后长期卧床，以致肢体气血运行不畅，气滞血瘀,瘀血阻于脉络，脉络滞塞不通，营血回流受阻,水津外溢,聚而为湿，而发本病。筋瘤是以筋脉色紫、盘曲突起状如蚯蚓、形成团块为主要表现的浅表静脉病变。由于长期从事站立负重工作，劳倦伤气，或多次妊娠等，使筋脉结块成瘤，" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 38, | |
| "query": "尿浊的主症是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "小便点滴短少", | |
| "B": "小便浑浊如米泔水", | |
| "C": "小便时尿道刺痛有血", | |
| "D": "小便点滴不通", | |
| "E": "小便有血" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "尿浊是以小便浑浊、白如泔浆为主症。血淋可见小便热涩刺痛，尿色深红。A项见于癃闭的癃证；D项见于癃闭的闭证；E项见于血尿。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 39, | |
| "query": "筋瘤的典型病因是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "多食肥甘厚味", | |
| "B": "产后、外伤、术后长期卧床", | |
| "C": "长期站立、从事重体力劳动", | |
| "D": "小腿皮肤破损感染毒邪", | |
| "E": "大量吸烟，久居寒冷湿地" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "股肿是指血液在深静脉血管内发生异常凝固，而引起静脉阻塞血液回流障碍的疾病。病因主要是因为创伤或产后长期卧床，以致肢体气血运行不畅，气滞血瘀,瘀血阻于脉络，脉络滞塞不通，营血回流受阻,水津外溢,聚而为湿，而发本病。筋瘤是以筋脉色紫、盘曲突起状如蚯蚓、形成团块为主要表现的浅表静脉病变。由于长期从事站立负重工作，劳倦伤气，或多次妊娠等，使筋脉结块成瘤，" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 40, | |
| "query": "血淋的主症是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "小便点滴短少", | |
| "B": "小便浑浊如米泔水", | |
| "C": "小便时尿道刺痛有血", | |
| "D": "小便点滴不通", | |
| "E": "小便有血" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "尿浊是以小便浑浊、白如泔浆为主症。血淋可见小便热涩刺痛，尿色深红。A项见于癃闭的癃证；D项见于癃闭的闭证；E项见于血尿。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 41, | |
| "query": "理中丸可用以治疗的病证是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "胸痹", | |
| "B": "心悸", | |
| "C": "胁痛", | |
| "D": "眩晕", | |
| "E": "头痛" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "理中丸温中祛寒补气健脾。可治疗脾胃虚寒所致的胸痹。瓜蒌薤白白酒汤通阳散结，行气祛痰。主治胸阳不振，痰气互结之胸痹轻证。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 42, | |
| "query": "患者吐血鲜红，口苦胁痛，善怒，寐少梦多，烦躁不宁，舌质红绛，脉象弦数，其治疗宜用何方加减", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "黛蛤散合十灰散", | |
| "B": "泻白散合黛蛤散", | |
| "C": "玉女煎", | |
| "D": "龙胆泻肝汤", | |
| "E": "泻心汤" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "131题从患者症、舌、脉判断为肝火犯胃之吐血，治当以龙胆泻肝汤泻肝清胃，凉血止血。132题从患者症、舌、脉判断为肝火上炎之鼻衄，治当以龙胆泻肝汤清肝泻火，凉血止血。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 43, | |
| "query": "瓜蒌薤白白酒汤可用以治疗的病证是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "胸痹", | |
| "B": "心悸", | |
| "C": "胁痛", | |
| "D": "眩晕", | |
| "E": "头痛" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "理中丸温中祛寒补气健脾。可治疗脾胃虚寒所致的胸痹。瓜蒌薤白白酒汤通阳散结，行气祛痰。主治胸阳不振，痰气互结之胸痹轻证。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 44, | |
| "query": "患者鼻衄，头痛眩晕，目赤，烦躁易怒，口干，溲赤，舌质红，苔黄，脉弦数，其治疗宜用何方加减", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "黛蛤散合十灰散", | |
| "B": "泻白散合黛蛤散", | |
| "C": "玉女煎", | |
| "D": "龙胆泻肝汤", | |
| "E": "泻心汤" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "131题从患者症、舌、脉判断为肝火犯胃之吐血，治当以龙胆泻肝汤泻肝清胃，凉血止血。132题从患者症、舌、脉判断为肝火上炎之鼻衄，治当以龙胆泻肝汤清肝泻火，凉血止血。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 45, | |
| "query": "胰头癌引起梗阻性黄疸，可见", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "Murphy征阳性", | |
| "B": "Courvoisier征阳性", | |
| "C": "脐部压痛及反跳痛", | |
| "D": "Courvoisier征阴性", | |
| "E": "板状腹" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "Courvoisier征阳性:当胰头癌压迫胆总管导致阻塞，出现黄疸进行性加深,胆囊显著肿大，但无压痛，又称无痛性胆囊增大征阳性。Murphy征阳性:在深吸气时，发炎的胆囊下移碰到用力按压的拇指引起疼病，患者因疼痛而突然屏气，又称胆囊触病征。见于急性胆囊类。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 46, | |
| "query": "川芎茶调散主治", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "风邪外袭之头痛", | |
| "B": "痰浊上逆之头痛", | |
| "C": "血不上奉之头痛", | |
| "D": "肝阳上亢之头痛", | |
| "E": "瘀血阻络之头痛" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "川芎茶调散：疏风止痛，主治外感风邪头痛。天麻钩藤饮：平肝息风，清热活血，补益肝肾，主治肝阳偏亢，肝风上扰证之头痛。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 47, | |
| "query": "急性胆囊炎，可见", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "Murphy征阳性", | |
| "B": "Courvoisier征阳性", | |
| "C": "脐部压痛及反跳痛", | |
| "D": "Courvoisier征阴性", | |
| "E": "板状腹" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "Courvoisier征阳性:当胰头癌压迫胆总管导致阻塞，出现黄疸进行性加深,胆囊显著肿大，但无压痛，又称无痛性胆囊增大征阳性。Murphy征阳性:在深吸气时，发炎的胆囊下移碰到用力按压的拇指引起疼病，患者因疼痛而突然屏气，又称胆囊触病征。见于急性胆囊类。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 48, | |
| "query": "天麻钩藤饮主治", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "风邪外袭之头痛", | |
| "B": "痰浊上逆之头痛", | |
| "C": "血不上奉之头痛", | |
| "D": "肝阳上亢之头痛", | |
| "E": "瘀血阻络之头痛" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "川芎茶调散：疏风止痛，主治外感风邪头痛。天麻钩藤饮：平肝息风，清热活血，补益肝肾，主治肝阳偏亢，肝风上扰证之头痛。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 49, | |
| "query": "口唇紫绀，常见于", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "心功能不全", | |
| "B": "贫血", | |
| "C": "维生素B₂缺乏症", | |
| "D": "脑血管疾病", | |
| "E": "急性支气管炎" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "紫绀是皮肤呈青米色，出现在口唇常见于心功能不全。口角斜常见于颅脑血管病变和神经系统疾病。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 50, | |
| "query": "肾虚肝郁，血海蓄溢失常，可发生", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "月经先期", | |
| "B": "月经后期", | |
| "C": "月经先后无定期", | |
| "D": "痛经", | |
| "E": "闭经" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "素性抑郁，或愤怒过度，肝气逆乱，气乱则血乱，冲任失司，血海蓄溢失常，故经行先后无定期。先天禀赋不足，肾气虚衰，或房劳多产，或久病伤肾，耗伤肾气，则冲任不固，失于封藏，不能制约经血，遂致月经提前而至。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 51, | |
| "query": "口角斜，常见于", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "心功能不全", | |
| "B": "贫血", | |
| "C": "维生素B₂缺乏症", | |
| "D": "脑血管疾病", | |
| "E": "急性支气管炎" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "紫绀是皮肤呈青米色，出现在口唇常见于心功能不全。口角斜常见于颅脑血管病变和神经系统疾病。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 52, | |
| "query": "肾气虚，封藏失司，冲任不固，可发生", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "月经先期", | |
| "B": "月经后期", | |
| "C": "月经先后无定期", | |
| "D": "痛经", | |
| "E": "闭经" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "素性抑郁，或愤怒过度，肝气逆乱，气乱则血乱，冲任失司，血海蓄溢失常，故经行先后无定期。先天禀赋不足，肾气虚衰，或房劳多产，或久病伤肾，耗伤肾气，则冲任不固，失于封藏，不能制约经血，遂致月经提前而至。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 53, | |
| "query": "脑出血患者出现交叉性瘫痪、针尖样瞳孔和昏迷，判定出血部位是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "壳核出血", | |
| "B": "丘脑出血", | |
| "C": "脑桥出血", | |
| "D": "小脑出血", | |
| "E": "脑叶出血" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "壳核出血可出现典型的三偏征,即对侧偏瘫、对侧偏身感觉障碍和对侧同向偏盲。丘脑出血出现三偏征，以感觉障碍明显。脑桥出血表现为交叉性瘫痪、针尖样瞳孔和昏迷。小脑出血表现为眩晕、共济失调而无瘫痪。脑叶出血可有头痛、呕吐、脑膜刺激征及出血脑叶的定位症状。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 54, | |
| "query": "干疳的治疗，应首选方药", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "防己黄芪汤合五苓散", | |
| "B": "肥儿丸", | |
| "C": "资生健脾丸", | |
| "D": "八珍汤", | |
| "E": "泻心导赤散" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "干疳选用八珍汤，补益气血；疳肿胀用防己黄芪汤合五苓散，温阳健脾、利水消肿。B项用于疳积证，C项用于疳气证。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 55, | |
| "query": "脑出血患者表现为眩晕、共济失调而无瘫痪，可能的出血部位是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "壳核出血", | |
| "B": "丘脑出血", | |
| "C": "脑桥出血", | |
| "D": "小脑出血", | |
| "E": "脑叶出血" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "壳核出血可出现典型的三偏征,即对侧偏瘫、对侧偏身感觉障碍和对侧同向偏盲。丘脑出血出现三偏征，以感觉障碍明显。脑桥出血表现为交叉性瘫痪、针尖样瞳孔和昏迷。小脑出血表现为眩晕、共济失调而无瘫痪。脑叶出血可有头痛、呕吐、脑膜刺激征及出血脑叶的定位症状。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 56, | |
| "query": "疳肿胀的治疗，应首选方药", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "防己黄芪汤合五苓散", | |
| "B": "肥儿丸", | |
| "C": "资生健脾丸", | |
| "D": "八珍汤", | |
| "E": "泻心导赤散" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "干疳选用八珍汤，补益气血；疳肿胀用防己黄芪汤合五苓散，温阳健脾、利水消肿。B项用于疳积证，C项用于疳气证。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 57, | |
| "query": "肝硬化最严重的并发症，可出现", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "扑翼样震颤", | |
| "B": "出血倾向", | |
| "C": "皮肤色素沉着", | |
| "D": "脾大", | |
| "E": "夜盲症" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "肝硬化最严重的并发症是肝性脑病，见扑翼样震颤。肝硬化门脉高压可出现脾大、腹水、侧支循环建立和开放。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 58, | |
| "query": "治疗哮喘痰热阻肺证应首选的方剂是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "炙甘草汤", | |
| "B": "麻杏石甘汤", | |
| "C": "麻杏石甘汤合苏葶丸", | |
| "D": "黄连解毒汤合麻杏石甘汤", | |
| "E": "麻杏石甘汤合葶苈大枣泻肺汤" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "哮喘痰热阻肺证治宜清肺涤痰，止咳平喘，代表方为麻杏石甘汤合苏葶丸。肺炎喘嗽痰热闭肺证治宜清热涤痰，开肺定喘，代表方为麻杏石甘汤合葶苈大枣泻肺汤。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 59, | |
| "query": "肝硬化门脉高压，可出现", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "扑翼样震颤", | |
| "B": "出血倾向", | |
| "C": "皮肤色素沉着", | |
| "D": "脾大", | |
| "E": "夜盲症" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "肝硬化最严重的并发症是肝性脑病，见扑翼样震颤。肝硬化门脉高压可出现脾大、腹水、侧支循环建立和开放。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 60, | |
| "query": "治疗肺炎喘嗽痰热闭肺证应首选的方剂是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "炙甘草汤", | |
| "B": "麻杏石甘汤", | |
| "C": "麻杏石甘汤合苏葶丸", | |
| "D": "黄连解毒汤合麻杏石甘汤", | |
| "E": "麻杏石甘汤合葶苈大枣泻肺汤" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "E", | |
| "reason": "哮喘痰热阻肺证治宜清肺涤痰，止咳平喘，代表方为麻杏石甘汤合苏葶丸。肺炎喘嗽痰热闭肺证治宜清热涤痰，开肺定喘，代表方为麻杏石甘汤合葶苈大枣泻肺汤。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 61, | |
| "query": "卫生法立法目的在于", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "保护人民身体健康", | |
| "B": "维护医务人员合法权益", | |
| "C": "维护医疗机构权益", | |
| "D": "维护医患双方权益", | |
| "E": "维护社会卫生公共秩序" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "卫生法指由国家制定或认可，并由国家强制保证实施，旨在保护人体生命健康的各种法律规范的总和。国家卫生监督作为卫生立法基本原则之一，通过监督以维护社会卫生公共秩序，" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 62, | |
| "query": "患者产后遍身疼痛，四肢关节刺痛，重着、肿胀，屈伸不利，伴小腹疼痛拒按，恶露色黯红、下而不畅，舌质紫黯，脉弦涩，其治法为", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "养血益气，温经通络", | |
| "B": "养血益气止痛", | |
| "C": "祛风散寒止痛", | |
| "D": "补肾养血，强腰壮骨", | |
| "E": "养血活血，化瘀祛湿" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "E", | |
| "reason": "两题均属产后身痛，但根据局部症状、兼证及舌脉，141题应属于血瘀证，治以养血活血，化瘀祛湿。142题应属于血虚证，治以养血益气，温经通络。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 63, | |
| "query": "国家卫生监督作为卫生立法基本原则之一，通过监督以", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "保护人民身体健康", | |
| "B": "维护医务人员合法权益", | |
| "C": "维护医疗机构权益", | |
| "D": "维护医患双方权益", | |
| "E": "维护社会卫生公共秩序" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "E", | |
| "reason": "卫生法指由国家制定或认可，并由国家强制保证实施，旨在保护人体生命健康的各种法律规范的总和。国家卫生监督作为卫生立法基本原则之一，通过监督以维护社会卫生公共秩序，" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 64, | |
| "query": "患者产后，遍身疼痛，关节酸楚，肢体麻木，面色萎黄，头晕心悸，气短乏力，舌淡红，苔薄白，脉细弱，其治法为", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "养血益气，温经通络", | |
| "B": "养血益气止痛", | |
| "C": "祛风散寒止痛", | |
| "D": "补肾养血，强腰壮骨", | |
| "E": "养血活血，化瘀祛湿" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "两题均属产后身痛，但根据局部症状、兼证及舌脉，141题应属于血瘀证，治以养血活血，化瘀祛湿。142题应属于血虚证，治以养血益气，温经通络。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 65, | |
| "query": "三级医疗事故是指", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "抢救重危患者生命而采取紧急医疗措施造成不良后果", | |
| "B": "造成患者轻度残疾、器官组织损伤导致一般功能障碍", | |
| "C": "造成患者中度残疾、器官组织损伤导致严重功能障碍", | |
| "D": "造成患者明显人身损害的其他后果", | |
| "E": "造成患者死亡、重度残疾" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "一级医疗事故:造成患者死亡、重度残疾的。二级医疗事故:造成患者中度残疾、器官组织损伤导致严重功能障碍的。三级医疗事故:造成患者轻度残疾、器官组织损伤导致一般功能障碍的。四级医疗事故:造成患者明显人身损害的其他后果的，" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 66, | |
| "query": "有“疮家圣药”之称的药物是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "白芷", | |
| "B": "连翘", | |
| "C": "天花粉", | |
| "D": "知母", | |
| "E": "石膏" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "连翘：苦寒，主入心经，既能清心火，解疮毒，又能消散痈肿结聚，有“疮家圣药”之称。知母：清热泻火，生津润燥。用于热病烦渴；肺热燥咳，清肺火，润肺燥；骨蒸潮热，内热消渴；肠燥便秘。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 67, | |
| "query": "四级医疗事故是指", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "抢救重危患者生命而采取紧急医疗措施造成不良后果", | |
| "B": "造成患者轻度残疾、器官组织损伤导致一般功能障碍", | |
| "C": "造成患者中度残疾、器官组织损伤导致严重功能障碍", | |
| "D": "造成患者明显人身损害的其他后果", | |
| "E": "造成患者死亡、重度残疾" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "一级医疗事故:造成患者死亡、重度残疾的。二级医疗事故:造成患者中度残疾、器官组织损伤导致严重功能障碍的。三级医疗事故:造成患者轻度残疾、器官组织损伤导致一般功能障碍的。四级医疗事故:造成患者明显人身损害的其他后果的，" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 68, | |
| "query": "既能清热泻火，又可滋阴润肺的药物是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "白芷", | |
| "B": "连翘", | |
| "C": "天花粉", | |
| "D": "知母", | |
| "E": "石膏" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "连翘：苦寒，主入心经，既能清心火，解疮毒，又能消散痈肿结聚，有“疮家圣药”之称。知母：清热泻火，生津润燥。用于热病烦渴；肺热燥咳，清肺火，润肺燥；骨蒸潮热，内热消渴；肠燥便秘。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 69, | |
| "query": "作为医学伦理学基本范畴的良心是指", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "医学关系中的主体在道义上应享有的权利和利益", | |
| "B": "医学关系中的主体在道义上应履行的职责和使命", | |
| "C": "医学关系的主体对应尽义务的自我认识和自我评价的能力", | |
| "D": "医学关系中的主体因履行道德职责受到褒奖而产生的自我赞赏", | |
| "E": "医学关系中的主体在医疗活动中对自己和他人关系的内心体验和感受" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "医学道德良心主要是对所负道德责任的自我感知能力和对道德行为的自我评价能力。医学道德情感包括同情感、责任感和事业感，是医务人员在医疗活动中对自己和他人行为之间关系的内心体验和自然流露。由此可见，C项的表述更接近“良知”的含义，E项的表述更接近“情感”的含义。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 70, | |
| "query": "治疗小儿泄泻脾虚证，应首选的方剂是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "葛根黄芩黄连汤", | |
| "B": "藿香正气散", | |
| "C": "保和丸", | |
| "D": "参苓白术散", | |
| "E": "四神丸" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "小儿泄泻脾虚证用参苓白术散以健脾益气，助运止泻。风寒泻用藿香正气散疏风散寒，化湿和中。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 71, | |
| "query": "作为医学伦理学基本范畴的情感是指", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "医学关系中的主体在道义上应享有的权利和利益", | |
| "B": "医学关系中的主体在道义上应履行的职责和使命", | |
| "C": "医学关系的主体对应尽义务的自我认识和自我评价的能力", | |
| "D": "医学关系中的主体因履行道德职责受到褒奖而产生的自我赞赏", | |
| "E": "医学关系中的主体在医疗活动中对自己和他人关系的内心体验和感受" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "E", | |
| "reason": "医学道德良心主要是对所负道德责任的自我感知能力和对道德行为的自我评价能力。医学道德情感包括同情感、责任感和事业感，是医务人员在医疗活动中对自己和他人行为之间关系的内心体验和自然流露。由此可见，C项的表述更接近“良知”的含义，E项的表述更接近“情感”的含义。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 72, | |
| "query": "治疗小儿泄泻风寒证，应首选的方剂是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "葛根黄芩黄连汤", | |
| "B": "藿香正气散", | |
| "C": "保和丸", | |
| "D": "参苓白术散", | |
| "E": "四神丸" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "小儿泄泻脾虚证用参苓白术散以健脾益气，助运止泻。风寒泻用藿香正气散疏风散寒，化湿和中。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 73, | |
| "query": "医学道德保密的作用最核心的是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "体现了患者对医务人员的无比信任", | |
| "B": "体现了医务人员对患者人格和权利的尊重", | |
| "C": "有利于保护医务人员个人的权利", | |
| "D": "有利于医护工作的开展和医护质量的提高", | |
| "E": "可以避免因泄密而给患者带来危害和发生医患纠纷" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "医学道德保密体现了患者对医务人员的信任，也体现了医务人员对患者人格和权利的尊重，有利于建立良好的医患关系。最核心的是体现了医务人员对患者人格和权利的尊重。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 74, | |
| "query": "常用于治疗痴呆、中风、半身不遂等髓海不足疾患的腧穴是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "丘墟", | |
| "B": "悬钟", | |
| "C": "侠溪", | |
| "D": "足窍阴", | |
| "E": "足临泣" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "悬钟主治：①痴呆、中风、半身不遂等髓海不足疾患；②颈项强痛，胸胁满痛，下肢痿痹，脚气。丘墟主治：①目赤肿痛、目生翳膜等目疾；②下肢痿痹、颈项痛、腋下肿、胸胁痛、外踝肿痛、足内翻、足下垂等；③疟疾。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 75, | |
| "query": "医学道德保密的作用中提法不正确的是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "体现了患者对医务人员的无比信任", | |
| "B": "体现了医务人员对患者人格和权利的尊重", | |
| "C": "有利于保护医务人员个人的权利", | |
| "D": "有利于医护工作的开展和医护质量的提高", | |
| "E": "可以避免因泄密而给患者带来危害和发生医患纠纷" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "医学道德保密体现了患者对医务人员的信任，也体现了医务人员对患者人格和权利的尊重，有利于建立良好的医患关系。最核心的是体现了医务人员对患者人格和权利的尊重。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 76, | |
| "query": "常用于治疗目赤肿痛、足内翻、足下垂的腧穴是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "丘墟", | |
| "B": "悬钟", | |
| "C": "侠溪", | |
| "D": "足窍阴", | |
| "E": "足临泣" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "悬钟主治：①痴呆、中风、半身不遂等髓海不足疾患；②颈项强痛，胸胁满痛，下肢痿痹，脚气。丘墟主治：①目赤肿痛、目生翳膜等目疾；②下肢痿痹、颈项痛、腋下肿、胸胁痛、外踝肿痛、足内翻、足下垂等；③疟疾。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 77, | |
| "query": "流行性脑脊髓膜炎的治疗首选", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "青霉素", | |
| "B": "氯霉素", | |
| "C": "甲硝唑", | |
| "D": "环丙沙星", | |
| "E": "庆大霉素" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "青要素为治疗流行性脑脊髓膜炎的首选药，较大剂量青要素能使脑脊液内药物达到有效浓度;氟喹诺酮类是治户你宾的告涉些因的兹物有环丙沙星，左氧氟沙星等。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 78, | |
| "query": "治疗阳气暴脱，可于神阙穴施", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "雷火灸", | |
| "B": "隔姜灸", | |
| "C": "隔蒜灸", | |
| "D": "隔盐灸", | |
| "E": "隔泥灸" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "隔盐灸多用于伤寒阴证或吐泻并作、中风脱证，有回阳、救逆、固脱之力。隔姜灸常用于因寒而致呕吐、腹痛、腹泻及风寒痹痛等。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 79, | |
| "query": "伤寒的治疗首选", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "青霉素", | |
| "B": "氯霉素", | |
| "C": "甲硝唑", | |
| "D": "环丙沙星", | |
| "E": "庆大霉素" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "青要素为治疗流行性脑脊髓膜炎的首选药，较大剂量青要素能使脑脊液内药物达到有效浓度;氟喹诺酮类是治户你宾的告涉些因的兹物有环丙沙星，左氧氟沙星等。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 80, | |
| "query": "治疗风寒痹痛常用", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "雷火灸", | |
| "B": "隔姜灸", | |
| "C": "隔蒜灸", | |
| "D": "隔盐灸", | |
| "E": "隔泥灸" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "隔盐灸多用于伤寒阴证或吐泻并作、中风脱证，有回阳、救逆、固脱之力。隔姜灸常用于因寒而致呕吐、腹痛、腹泻及风寒痹痛等。" | |
| } | |
| ] |