| [ |
| { |
| "question_num": 1, |
| "query": "宗气的分布是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "上出息道,下走气街", |
| "B": "熏于肓膜,散于胸腹", |
| "C": "通过三焦,流行全身", |
| "D": "上荣头目,达于周身", |
| "E": "与血同行,环周不休" |
| }, |
| "answer": "A", |
| "reason": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 2, |
| "query": "1型糖尿病患者治疗应选用", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "小剂量胰岛素及大量输液", |
| "B": "大剂量胰岛素及大量输液", |
| "C": "单纯饮食控制", |
| "D": "服降血糖药", |
| "E": "饮食治疗+胰岛素" |
| }, |
| "answer": "E", |
| "reason": "对1型糖尿病患者，在合适的总热量、食物成分、规则的餐次安排等措施基础上，配合胰岛素治疗有利于控制高血糖和防止低血糖。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 3, |
| "query": "治疗冷哮发作期，应首选（）", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "桑白皮汤", |
| "B": "麻杏石甘汤", |
| "C": "苏子降气汤", |
| "D": "射干麻黄汤", |
| "E": "泻白散" |
| }, |
| "answer": "D", |
| "reason": "治疗冷哮发作期,应首选射干麻黄汤。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 4, |
| "query": "其病因属感受特殊之毒的是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "红丝疔", |
| "B": "失荣", |
| "C": "漆疮", |
| "D": "水火烫伤", |
| "E": "酒渣鼻" |
| }, |
| "answer": "C", |
| "reason": "特殊之毒包括虫毒、蛇毒、疯犬毒、漆毒、药毒、食物毒和疫毒、无名毒。某些人由于禀性不耐,接触生漆后而发漆疮。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 5, |
| "query": "卫气的分布是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "上出息道,下走气街", |
| "B": "熏于肓膜,散于胸腹", |
| "C": "通过三焦,流行全身", |
| "D": "上荣头目,达于周身", |
| "E": "与血同行,环周不休" |
| }, |
| "answer": "B", |
| "reason": "宗气的分布是上出息道,下走气街;卫气的分布是熏于肓膜,散于胸腹。通过三焦,流行全身是元气的分布;与血同行,环周不休是营气的分布。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 6, |
| "query": "初诊2型糖尿病轻症患者治疗可选用", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "小剂量胰岛素及大量输液", |
| "B": "大剂量胰岛素及大量输液", |
| "C": "单纯饮食控制", |
| "D": "服降血糖药", |
| "E": "饮食治疗+胰岛素" |
| }, |
| "answer": "C", |
| "reason": "初诊2型糖尿病轻症患者，尤其是肥胖或超重者，医学营养治疗有利于减轻体重，改善糖、脂代谢紊乱和高血压以及减少降糖药物剂量。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 7, |
| "query": "治疗喘证痰热郁肺证，应首选（）", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "桑白皮汤", |
| "B": "麻杏石甘汤", |
| "C": "苏子降气汤", |
| "D": "射干麻黄汤", |
| "E": "泻白散" |
| }, |
| "answer": "A", |
| "reason": "喘证痰热郁肺,应用清泄痰热的桑白皮汤。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 8, |
| "query": "其病因属外来伤害的是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "红丝疔", |
| "B": "失荣", |
| "C": "漆疮", |
| "D": "水火烫伤", |
| "E": "酒渣鼻" |
| }, |
| "answer": "D", |
| "reason": "凡跌打损伤、沸水、火焰、冷冻等,都可直接伤害人体，属于外来伤害。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 9, |
| "query": "称为“十二经脉之海”的是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "冲脉", |
| "B": "任脉", |
| "C": "督脉", |
| "D": "带脉", |
| "E": "阴阳维脉" |
| }, |
| "answer": "A", |
| "reason": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 10, |
| "query": "肾盂肾炎时常可出现的是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "白细胞管型", |
| "B": "蜡样管型", |
| "C": "脂肪管型", |
| "D": "红细胞管型", |
| "E": "颗粒管型" |
| }, |
| "answer": "A", |
| "reason": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 11, |
| "query": "正疟的寒热特征是（）", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "热少寒多", |
| "B": "热多寒少", |
| "C": "先寒后热，寒热相当", |
| "D": "热甚寒微，甚至壮热不寒", |
| "E": "寒甚热微，甚至但寒不热" |
| }, |
| "answer": "C", |
| "reason": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 12, |
| "query": "经间期出血量少，色紫黑，有小血块,少腹胀痛。治疗应首选", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "知柏地黄汤", |
| "B": "清肝止淋汤", |
| "C": "血府逐瘀汤", |
| "D": "解毒活血汤", |
| "E": "逐瘀止血汤" |
| }, |
| "answer": "E", |
| "reason": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 13, |
| "query": "具有约束纵行诸经功能的是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "冲脉", |
| "B": "任脉", |
| "C": "督脉", |
| "D": "带脉", |
| "E": "阴阳维脉" |
| }, |
| "answer": "D", |
| "reason": "冲脉调节十二经气血。“冲”,有要冲、要道之意。冲脉上行至头,下行至足,后行于背,前布于胸腹,贯穿全身,成为总领诸经气血的要冲,并能调节十二经气血。当脏腑经络气血有余时,冲脉能够加以含蓄:当脏腑经络气血不足时,冲脉可以给予灌注和补充,从而调节和维持脏腑组织器官的正常生理功能活动,故有“十二经脉之海”“五脏六腑之海”之称。带脉的生理功能为约束纵行诸经。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 14, |
| "query": "慢性肾衰时常可出现的是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "白细胞管型", |
| "B": "蜡样管型", |
| "C": "脂肪管型", |
| "D": "红细胞管型", |
| "E": "颗粒管型" |
| }, |
| "answer": "B", |
| "reason": "白细胞管型常见于肾孟肾炎。肾上皮细胞管型可见于急性肾小管坏死、肾淀粉样变性、急性肾小球肾炎、慢性肾炎、肾病综合征、肾移植后排斥反应、金属及其他化学物质的中毒。透明管型较细，为无色透明内部不含颗粒的圆柱状体。正常人晨尿（要有足够的时间形成管型）中可有透明管型出现，常见于肾炎、肾淤血，发热性疾病等。蜡样管型：由肾小管中长期停留的颗粒管型、细胞管型变性或直接由淀粉样变性上皮细胞溶解后形成，提示严重的肾小管坏死，预后不良。也见于肾小球肾炎晚期、肾衰竭、肾淀粉样变性。红细胞管型常见于急性肾炎。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 15, |
| "query": "热瘴的寒热特征是（）", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "热少寒多", |
| "B": "热多寒少", |
| "C": "先寒后热，寒热相当", |
| "D": "热甚寒微，甚至壮热不寒", |
| "E": "寒甚热微，甚至但寒不热" |
| }, |
| "answer": "D", |
| "reason": "正疟证候:发作证状比较典型,常先有呵欠乏力,继则赛战鼓颌,寒罢则内外皆热,头痛面赤,口渴引饮,终则遍身汗出,热退身凉,每日或间一两日发作一次,寒热休作有时,舌质红,苔薄白或黄腻，脉弦。热瘴证候:热甚寒微,或壮热不寒,头痛,肢体烦疼,面红目赤,胸闷呕吐,烦渴饮冷,大便秘结,小便热赤，甚至神昏谵语，舌质红绛，苔黄腻或垢黑，脉洪数或弦数。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 16, |
| "query": "经间期出血量少，色红质黏膩，胸闷烦躁。治疗应首选", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "知柏地黄汤", |
| "B": "清肝止淋汤", |
| "C": "血府逐瘀汤", |
| "D": "解毒活血汤", |
| "E": "逐瘀止血汤" |
| }, |
| "answer": "B", |
| "reason": "“色紫黑,有小血块,少腹胀痛”为血瘀证典型表现。“色红质黏腻,胸闷,烦躁”为湿热证典型表现。经间期出血之血瘀证，治以化瘀止血，代表方为逐瘀止血汤。经间期出血之湿热证，治以清利湿热,固冲止血,代表方为清肝止淋汤(去阿胶、红枣,加小蓟、茯苓）。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 17, |
| "query": "患者疼痛沿膀胱经放散，其疼痛部位在", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "下肢外侧后缘", |
| "B": "上肢内侧中线", |
| "C": "下肢外侧前缘", |
| "D": "上肢外侧中线", |
| "E": "上肢内侧后缘" |
| }, |
| "answer": "A", |
| "reason": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 18, |
| "query": "糖尿病酮症酸中毒可见", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "潮式呼吸", |
| "B": "叹息样呼吸", |
| "C": "库斯莫尔呼吸", |
| "D": "比奥呼吸", |
| "E": "抽泣样呼吸" |
| }, |
| "answer": "C", |
| "reason": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 19, |
| "query": "胸痹气阴两虚证，其临床特点是（）", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "胸部刺痛，入夜尤甚", |
| "B": "胸闷隐痛，时作时止", |
| "C": "胸闷如窒，气短喘促", |
| "D": "胸闷气短，畏寒肢冷", |
| "E": "胸痛彻背，感寒痛甚" |
| }, |
| "answer": "B", |
| "reason": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 20, |
| "query": "寻疣的外治，应选用", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "推疣法", |
| "B": "浸渍法", |
| "C": "针挑法", |
| "D": "挖除法", |
| "E": "结扎法" |
| }, |
| "answer": "A", |
| "reason": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 21, |
| "query": "患者病发心绞痛,沿手少阴经放散其疼痛部位在", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "下肢外侧后缘", |
| "B": "上肢内侧中线", |
| "C": "下肢外侧前缘", |
| "D": "上肢外侧中线", |
| "E": "上肢内侧后缘" |
| }, |
| "answer": "E", |
| "reason": "下肢外侧后缘为足太阳膀胱经:上肢内侧中线为手厥阴心包经;下肢外侧前缘为足阳明胃经:上肢外侧中线为手少阳三焦经;上肢内侧后缘为手少阴心经。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 22, |
| "query": "尿毒症可见", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "潮式呼吸", |
| "B": "叹息样呼吸", |
| "C": "库斯莫尔呼吸", |
| "D": "比奥呼吸", |
| "E": "抽泣样呼吸" |
| }, |
| "answer": "C", |
| "reason": "潮式呼吸见于中枢神经系统疾病，如脑干损伤、脑膜炎等；叹息样呼吸多为功能性改变，见于神经衰弱、精神紧张或抑郁症；库斯莫尔呼吸见于代谢性酸中毒；比奥呼吸常见于颅内压增高、药物引起呼吸抑制、大脑损害等；抽泣样呼吸为中枢性呼吸衰竭的表现。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 23, |
| "query": "胸痹阴寒凝滞证，其临床特点是（）", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "胸部刺痛，入夜尤甚", |
| "B": "胸闷隐痛，时作时止", |
| "C": "胸闷如窒，气短喘促", |
| "D": "胸闷气短，畏寒肢冷", |
| "E": "胸痛彻背，感寒痛甚" |
| }, |
| "answer": "E", |
| "reason": "胸痹气阴两虚证.可见胸闷隐痛，时作时止;胸痹阴寒凝滞证,可见胸痛彻背,感察痛甚。先辨虚实,再辨寒热。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 24, |
| "query": "传染性软疣的外治，应选用", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "推疣法", |
| "B": "浸渍法", |
| "C": "针挑法", |
| "D": "挖除法", |
| "E": "结扎法" |
| }, |
| "answer": "C", |
| "reason": "推疣法用于治疗头大蒂小,明显高出皮面的疣，主要针对寻常疣的外治。传染性软疣主要用敷贴法和挑刺法。跖疣主要用挖除法、外敷法、电灼法;丝状疣主要用结扎法。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 25, |
| "query": "患者因受精神刺激而致食减纳呆,便溏,其病机是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "怒则气上", |
| "B": "悲则气消", |
| "C": "喜则气缓", |
| "D": "思则气结", |
| "E": "恐则气下" |
| }, |
| "answer": "D", |
| "reason": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 26, |
| "query": "流行性出血热患者，出现酒醉面容是哪期", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "发热期", |
| "B": "低血压期", |
| "C": "少尿期", |
| "D": "多尿期", |
| "E": "恢复期" |
| }, |
| "answer": "A", |
| "reason": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 27, |
| "query": "治疗失眠，常取照海穴用（）", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "针刺补法", |
| "B": "针刺泻法", |
| "C": "平补平泻", |
| "D": "温和灸", |
| "E": "点刺出血" |
| }, |
| "answer": "A", |
| "reason": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 28, |
| "query": "梅毒的疳疮（硬下疳）在不洁性交后出现的时间是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "1周左右", |
| "B": "3周左右", |
| "C": "5周左右", |
| "D": "8周左右", |
| "E": "10周左右" |
| }, |
| "answer": "B", |
| "reason": "一期梅毒主要表现为疳疮(硬下疳),发生于不洁性交后2~4周。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 29, |
| "query": "患者因受精神刺激而气逆喘息,面红目赤,呕血,昏厥猝倒,其病机是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "怒则气上", |
| "B": "悲则气消", |
| "C": "喜则气缓", |
| "D": "思则气结", |
| "E": "恐则气下" |
| }, |
| "answer": "A", |
| "reason": "恐则气下是指大惊卒恐,则导致气机下陷,出现肾气受伤的一系列病证,如二便失禁,遗精滑泄等;怒则气上,指郁怒、暴怒可致肝气上逆或肝阳上亢。出现头痛头晕,面红目赤甚至呕血等症。悲则气消是情志悲哀,使人神情挫折,意气消沉;思则气结,气结，指脾气郁结。脾主运化,忧思过度,则脾气郁结,运化失常,出现胸脘痞满,食减纳呆,大便溏泄等症状。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 30, |
| "query": "流行性出血热患者，出现全身中毒症状是哪期", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "发热期", |
| "B": "低血压期", |
| "C": "少尿期", |
| "D": "多尿期", |
| "E": "恢复期" |
| }, |
| "answer": "A", |
| "reason": "流行性出血热是由汉坦病毒引起的急性、地方性、自然疫源性传染病，病情危急，并发症多，病死率高，其主要病理变化是全身广泛性的小血管和毛细血管的损害。临床上以发热、出血、肾脏损害为三大主症，典型病例表现为五期经过，即发热期、低血压休克期、少尿期、多尿期和恢复期。①发热期：主要表现为全身感染中毒症状和小血管中毒性损害的表现，骤然畏寒、高热，体温在1~2日内可达39~40℃，热型以弛张热及稽留热为多，一般持续5~7日，特征性表现为头痛、腰痛、眼眶痛，称为“三痛”，颜面、颈部及上胸部潮红，称为“三红征”，似酒醉貌；②低血压休克期：主要为中毒性失血浆性低血容量休克的表现，一般在发热4~6日，热退病情反而加重是本期的特点，体温开始下降时或退热后不久，患者出现低血压，重者发生休克，可合并DIC、心力衰竭、水电解质平衡失调且常因心肾衰竭造成死亡，此期也可不明显而迅速进人少尿或多尿期；③少尿期：主要临床表现为氮质血症，水电解质平衡失调；④多尿期：肾脏组织损害逐渐修复，但由于肾小管重吸收功能尚未完全恢复，以致尿量显著增多，24小时尿量达3000ml为多尿，多尿4000~10000ml以上；⑤恢复期：随者肾功能的逐渐恢复，尿量减至3000ml以下时，即进入恢复期。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 31, |
| "query": "治疗失眠，常取申脉穴用（）", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "针刺补法", |
| "B": "针刺泻法", |
| "C": "平补平泻", |
| "D": "温和灸", |
| "E": "点刺出血" |
| }, |
| "answer": "B", |
| "reason": "不寐基本刺灸方法:毫针平补平泻,照海用补法,申脉用泻法。配穴则虚补实泻,心胆气虚者可配合灸法。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 32, |
| "query": "梅毒的杨梅疮在感染后出现的时间", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "1周左右", |
| "B": "3周左右", |
| "C": "5周左右", |
| "D": "8周左右", |
| "E": "10周左右" |
| }, |
| "answer": "D", |
| "reason": "二期梅毒杨梅疮一般发生在感染后7~10周或硬下疳出现后6~8周。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 33, |
| "query": "被誉为“脾脏补气健脾第一要药”的药物是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "太子参", |
| "B": "西洋参", |
| "C": "甘草", |
| "D": "白术", |
| "E": "山药" |
| }, |
| "answer": "D", |
| "reason": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 34, |
| "query": "经皮肤吸收的急性有机磷杀虫药中毒，中毒症状出现的时间是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "1、4分钟", |
| "B": "10一120分钟", |
| "C": "14、24分钟", |
| "D": "24～48小时", |
| "E": "2～6小时" |
| }, |
| "answer": "E", |
| "reason": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 35, |
| "query": "自觉咽中如物梗阻，吐之不出，吞之不下，但不妨碍进食的病证是（）", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "反胃", |
| "B": "噎膈", |
| "C": "噫气", |
| "D": "呃逆", |
| "E": "梅核气" |
| }, |
| "answer": "E", |
| "reason": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 36, |
| "query": "治疗油风气滞血瘀证，应首选方剂是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "桃红四物汤", |
| "B": "逍遥散合四物汤", |
| "C": "通窍活血汤", |
| "D": "六味地黄丸", |
| "E": "七宝美髯丹" |
| }, |
| "answer": "C", |
| "reason": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 37, |
| "query": "能“助参芪成气虚之功”的药物是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "太子参", |
| "B": "西洋参", |
| "C": "甘草", |
| "D": "白术", |
| "E": "山药" |
| }, |
| "answer": "C", |
| "reason": "白术:甘苦性温:主归脾胃经,以燥湿健脾为主要作用,被前人誉为\"脾脏补气健脾第一要药”。甘草:味甘,善人中焦,具补益脾气之功:作用缓和,宜作为辅助用药,能“助参芪成气虚之功”。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 38, |
| "query": "口服有机磷杀虫药，中毒症状出现的时间是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "1、4分钟", |
| "B": "10一120分钟", |
| "C": "14、24分钟", |
| "D": "24～48小时", |
| "E": "2～6小时" |
| }, |
| "answer": "B", |
| "reason": "接触有机磷杀虫药后至发病，有一定的潜伏期，经口服中毒一般于10~120分钟出现症状；经皮肤黏膜吸收中毒，多数在接触后2小时以上出现症状。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 39, |
| "query": "吞咽时哽咽不顺，饮食不下，或食入即吐的病证是（）", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "反胃", |
| "B": "噎膈", |
| "C": "噫气", |
| "D": "呃逆", |
| "E": "梅核气" |
| }, |
| "answer": "B", |
| "reason": "反胃是脾胃虚寒,胃中无火,食入不化,表现为饮食入胃后,良久尽吐而出。噎膈是痰、气、血有形之邪痰阻食道。噫气是骨气上逆,声音沉缓而长,多伴酸腐气味,食后多发。呃逆是骨气上逆动膈,声短而频,不能自制。梅核气也表现为咽中如物梗阻,但是辫气交阻，无有形之物,食物可以咽下。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 40, |
| "query": "治疗油风肝肾不足证，应首选方剂是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "桃红四物汤", |
| "B": "逍遥散合四物汤", |
| "C": "通窍活血汤", |
| "D": "六味地黄丸", |
| "E": "七宝美髯丹" |
| }, |
| "answer": "E", |
| "reason": "油风气滞血瘀证治法:通窍活血，祛淤生发。代表方:通窃活血汤加减。油风肝肾不足证治法:滋补肝肾。代表方:七宝美髯丹加减。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 41, |
| "query": "被誉为“治痢要药”的药物是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "连翘", |
| "B": "白头翁", |
| "C": "土茯苓", |
| "D": "蒲公英", |
| "E": "板蓝根" |
| }, |
| "answer": "B", |
| "reason": "白头翁清热解毒,凉血止痢,被誉为“治痢要药”。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 42, |
| "query": "胰头癌引起梗阻性黄疸，可见", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "Murphy(墨菲征）阳性", |
| "B": "麦氏点压痛", |
| "C": "Courvoisier(库瓦济埃征）阳性", |
| "D": "Courvoisier(库瓦济埃征）阴性", |
| "E": "板状腹" |
| }, |
| "answer": "C", |
| "reason": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 43, |
| "query": "外踝尖上5寸，腓骨的前缘是（）", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "光明", |
| "B": "绝骨", |
| "C": "蠡沟", |
| "D": "复溜", |
| "E": "阳辅" |
| }, |
| "answer": "A", |
| "reason": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 44, |
| "query": "治疗经间期出血脾气虚证，应首选", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "归脾汤", |
| "B": "逐瘀止血汤", |
| "C": "清肝止淋汤", |
| "D": "清热固经汤", |
| "E": "燥湿化痰汤" |
| }, |
| "answer": "A", |
| "reason": "治疗经期出血脾气虚证,应首选归脾汤。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 45, |
| "query": "被誉为“疮家圣药”的药物是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "连翘", |
| "B": "白头翁", |
| "C": "土茯苓", |
| "D": "蒲公英", |
| "E": "板蓝根" |
| }, |
| "answer": "A", |
| "reason": "连翘清热解毒,消肿散结,疏散风热,常用于痈肿疮毒,瘰疬痰核,故有“疮家圣药”之称。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 46, |
| "query": "急性胆囊炎，可见", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "Murphy(墨菲征）阳性", |
| "B": "麦氏点压痛", |
| "C": "Courvoisier(库瓦济埃征）阳性", |
| "D": "Courvoisier(库瓦济埃征）阴性", |
| "E": "板状腹" |
| }, |
| "answer": "A", |
| "reason": "Murphy（墨菲征）阳性可见急性胆囊炎。麦氏点压痛多见于急性阑尾炎。Courvoisier（库瓦济埃征）阳性见于胰腺肿瘤或胰腺囊肿，胆管下端癌时，因胆总管阻塞，使黄疸明显加深，肝和胆囊因胆汁淤积而肿大，胆囊常可触及，但无压痛。板状腹见于腹膜炎。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 47, |
| "query": "内踝尖上5寸，胫骨内侧面中央是（）", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "光明", |
| "B": "绝骨", |
| "C": "蠡沟", |
| "D": "复溜", |
| "E": "阳辅" |
| }, |
| "answer": "C", |
| "reason": "光明位于外踝尖上5寸,蠡沟位于内踝尖上5寸,绝骨(悬钟)位于外踝尖上3寸,复溜位于太溪穴上2寸,阳辅位于外踝尖上4寸。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 48, |
| "query": "治疗经间期出血湿热证，应首选", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "归脾汤", |
| "B": "逐瘀止血汤", |
| "C": "清肝止淋汤", |
| "D": "清热固经汤", |
| "E": "燥湿化痰汤" |
| }, |
| "answer": "C", |
| "reason": "治疗经间期出血湿热证，应首选消肝止淋汤。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 49, |
| "query": "豨莶草具有的功效是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "化湿和胃", |
| "B": "凉血消肿", |
| "C": "活血止痛", |
| "D": "清热解毒", |
| "E": "清退虚热" |
| }, |
| "answer": "D", |
| "reason": "豨莶草袪风湿,利关节,解毒。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 50, |
| "query": "典型二尖瓣面容的特点是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "眼裂增大，眼球突出，目光闪烁，呈惊恐貌", |
| "B": "面色潮红，兴奋不安，口唇干燥", |
| "C": "双颊暗红，口唇紫绀", |
| "D": "表情淡漠，反应迟钝，呈无欲状态", |
| "E": "面色苍白，颜面浮肿" |
| }, |
| "answer": "C", |
| "reason": "二尖瓣面容可见面色晦暗，双颊紫红，口唇轻度紫绀。见于风湿性心瓣膜病、二尖瓣狭窄。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 51, |
| "query": "治疗消渴中消证，应首选（）", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "六味地黄丸", |
| "B": "玉女煎", |
| "C": "左归丸", |
| "D": "沙参麦冬汤", |
| "E": "麦门冬汤" |
| }, |
| "answer": "B", |
| "reason": "消渴中消证见多食易饥,胃热炽盛,故用玉女煎清胃泻火,养阴增液。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 52, |
| "query": "育龄期崩漏，多属", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "气血虚弱", |
| "B": "肾虚肝郁", |
| "C": "脾肾亏损", |
| "D": "肝郁血热", |
| "E": "肝郁脾虚" |
| }, |
| "answer": "B", |
| "reason": "育龄期妇女与肝肾密切相关,故致病多以肝肾为主。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 53, |
| "query": "络石藤具有的功效是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "化湿和胃", |
| "B": "凉血消肿", |
| "C": "活血止痛", |
| "D": "清热解毒", |
| "E": "清退虚热" |
| }, |
| "answer": "B", |
| "reason": "络石藤祛风通络,凉血消肿," |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 54, |
| "query": "典型伤寒面容的特点是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "眼裂增大，眼球突出，目光闪烁，呈惊恐貌", |
| "B": "面色潮红，兴奋不安，口唇干燥", |
| "C": "双颊暗红，口唇紫绀", |
| "D": "表情淡漠，反应迟钝，呈无欲状态", |
| "E": "面色苍白，颜面浮肿" |
| }, |
| "answer": "D", |
| "reason": "伤寒面容可见表情淡漠，反应迟钝，呈无欲状态。见于伤寒、脑脊髓膜炎、脑炎等高热衰弱患者。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 55, |
| "query": "治疗虚劳肺阴虚证，应首选（）", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "六味地黄丸", |
| "B": "玉女煎", |
| "C": "左归丸", |
| "D": "沙参麦冬汤", |
| "E": "麦门冬汤" |
| }, |
| "answer": "D", |
| "reason": "虚劳肺阴虚证见干咳,咽燥,用沙参麦冬汤养阴润肺。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 56, |
| "query": "围绝经期崩漏，多属", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "气血虚弱", |
| "B": "肾虚肝郁", |
| "C": "脾肾亏损", |
| "D": "肝郁血热", |
| "E": "肝郁脾虚" |
| }, |
| "answer": "C", |
| "reason": "围绝经期妇女脾肾功能开始衰退，故致病多以脾肾亏虚为主。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 57, |
| "query": "既能活血消肿,又能解郁安神的药物是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "合欢皮", |
| "B": "酸枣仁", |
| "C": "远志", |
| "D": "琥珀", |
| "E": "磁石" |
| }, |
| "answer": "A", |
| "reason": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 58, |
| "query": "胃癌出现淋巴结转移常见的部位是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "颈部", |
| "B": "左锁骨上窝", |
| "C": "右锁骨上窝", |
| "D": "腋下", |
| "E": "滑车上" |
| }, |
| "answer": "B", |
| "reason": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 59, |
| "query": "行痹的主要症状是（）", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "关节疼痛，局部灼热红肿", |
| "B": "肢体关节重着、酸痛，或肿胀", |
| "C": "关节酸痛，游走不定，屈伸不利", |
| "D": "关节肿痛，屈伸不利，周围结节，皮肤瘀斑", |
| "E": "关节疼痛较剧，痛有定处，得热痛减，遇寒痛增" |
| }, |
| "answer": "C", |
| "reason": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 60, |
| "query": "患者产后高热，小腹剧痛，恶露有臭气，大便秘结。治疗应首选", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "少腹逐瘀汤", |
| "B": "生化汤", |
| "C": "清热调血汤", |
| "D": "大黄牡丹汤", |
| "E": "大柴胡汤" |
| }, |
| "answer": "D", |
| "reason": "由题干患者产后高热，小腹剧痛，恶露有臭气,大便秘结,诊断为产后发热，热结阳明，治疗应首选大黄牡丹汤,峻下热结。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 61, |
| "query": "既能活血散瘀,又能镇惊安神的药物是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "合欢皮", |
| "B": "酸枣仁", |
| "C": "远志", |
| "D": "琥珀", |
| "E": "磁石" |
| }, |
| "answer": "D", |
| "reason": "合欢皮解郁安神,活血消肿。酸枣仁养心益肝,安神,敛汗。远志宁心安神,祛开窍,消散痈肿。琥珀镇惊安神,活血散瘀,利尿通淋。石镇惊安神,平肝潜阳,聪耳明目,纳气定喘。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 62, |
| "query": "乳腺癌出现淋巴结转移常见的部位是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "颈部", |
| "B": "左锁骨上窝", |
| "C": "右锁骨上窝", |
| "D": "腋下", |
| "E": "滑车上" |
| }, |
| "answer": "D", |
| "reason": "左锁骨上窝淋巴结肿大，多为腹腔脏器癌肿（胃癌、肝癌、结肠癌等）转移；右锁骨上窝淋巴结肿大，多为胸腔脏器癌肿（肺癌、食管癌等）转移。鼻咽癌易转移到颈部淋巴结；乳腺癌最早经胸大肌外侧缘淋巴管侵入同侧腋下淋巴结。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 63, |
| "query": "着痹的主要症状是（）", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "关节疼痛，局部灼热红肿", |
| "B": "肢体关节重着、酸痛，或肿胀", |
| "C": "关节酸痛，游走不定，屈伸不利", |
| "D": "关节肿痛，屈伸不利，周围结节，皮肤瘀斑", |
| "E": "关节疼痛较剧，痛有定处，得热痛减，遇寒痛增" |
| }, |
| "answer": "B", |
| "reason": "痹证分热痹、着痹、行痹、痛痹四种,分别以热、湿、风、寒为主要病邪,分别为ABCE项的症状表现。D项为尪痹,为痹证晚期出现关节变形的重症。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 64, |
| "query": "患者产后寒热时作，恶露甚少，色紫暗，腹痛拒按，口干不欲饮。治疗应首选", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "少腹逐瘀汤", |
| "B": "生化汤", |
| "C": "清热调血汤", |
| "D": "大黄牡丹汤", |
| "E": "大柴胡汤" |
| }, |
| "answer": "B", |
| "reason": "由题千患者产后寒热时作,恶露甚少,色紫暗,腹痛拒按,口干不欲饮,诊断为产后发热血瘀证,治疗应首选生化汤。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 65, |
| "query": "麻子仁丸主治的是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "食积便秘", |
| "B": "血虚便秘", |
| "C": "气虚便秘", |
| "D": "脾约便秘", |
| "E": "冷积便秘" |
| }, |
| "answer": "D", |
| "reason": "麻子仁丸主治胃肠燥热,脾约便秘证,大便干结,小便频数。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 66, |
| "query": "网织红细胞减少的疾病为", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "急性失血性贫血", |
| "B": "糖尿病酮症酸中毒", |
| "C": "真性红细胞增多症", |
| "D": "大面积烧伤", |
| "E": "急性白血病" |
| }, |
| "answer": "E", |
| "reason": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 67, |
| "query": "治疗局部皮肤麻木或功能减退常选用（）", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "留针拔罐法", |
| "B": "留罐法", |
| "C": "闪罐法", |
| "D": "刺血拔罐法", |
| "E": "走罐法" |
| }, |
| "answer": "C", |
| "reason": "闪罐法,多用于局部皮肤麻木、疼痛或功能减退等疾患,尤其适用于不宜留罐的部位,如小儿、年轻女性的面部。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 68, |
| "query": "产后腹痛血虚证的治法是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "养血活血", |
| "B": "补血益气", |
| "C": "行气养血", |
| "D": "活血止痛", |
| "E": "活血化瘀，散寒止痛" |
| }, |
| "answer": "B", |
| "reason": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 69, |
| "query": "大黄附子汤主治的是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "食积便秘", |
| "B": "血虚便秘", |
| "C": "气虚便秘", |
| "D": "脾约便秘", |
| "E": "冷积便秘" |
| }, |
| "answer": "E", |
| "reason": "大黄附子汤的主治证候为阳虚寒结，腹痛便秘。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 70, |
| "query": "网织红细胞明显增多的疾病为", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "急性失血性贫血", |
| "B": "糖尿病酮症酸中毒", |
| "C": "真性红细胞增多症", |
| "D": "大面积烧伤", |
| "E": "急性白血病" |
| }, |
| "answer": "A", |
| "reason": "网织红细胞计数反映骨髓造血功能状态，①增多：表示骨髓红细胞系增生旺盛，溶血性贫血和急性失血性贫血时明显增多，缺铁性贫血和巨幼细胞贫血时可轻度增多；②减少，表示骨髓造血功能减低，见于再生障碍性贫血、骨髓病性贫血（如急性白血病）。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 71, |
| "query": "治疗丹毒、扭伤常选用（）", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "留针拔罐法", |
| "B": "留罐法", |
| "C": "闪罐法", |
| "D": "刺血拔罐法", |
| "E": "走罐法" |
| }, |
| "answer": "D", |
| "reason": "刺血拔罐法又称刺络拔罐法。多用于热证、实证、瘀血证及某些皮肤病,如神经性皮炎、痰疮、丹帮、捏伤.乳痈等。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 72, |
| "query": "产后腹痛血瘀证的治法是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "养血活血", |
| "B": "补血益气", |
| "C": "行气养血", |
| "D": "活血止痛", |
| "E": "活血化瘀，散寒止痛" |
| }, |
| "answer": "E", |
| "reason": "产后腹痛的分型:气血两虚，治法为补血益气，方用肠宁汤;瘀滞子官证,治法为活血化瘀，温经止痛。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 73, |
| "query": "组成药物中不含黄连的方剂是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "枳实导滞丸", |
| "B": "普济消毒饮", |
| "C": "龙胆泻肝汤", |
| "D": "芍药汤", |
| "E": "清营汤" |
| }, |
| "answer": "C", |
| "reason": "龙胆泻肝汤组成:龙胆草、黄芩、栀子、泽泻、木通、当归、生地黄、柴胡、生甘草、车前子。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 74, |
| "query": "传染性非典型肺炎主要传播途径是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "飞沫", |
| "B": "血液", |
| "C": "性接触", |
| "D": "消化道", |
| "E": "母婴" |
| }, |
| "answer": "A", |
| "reason": "传染性非典型肺炎主要传播途径为飞沫，经呼吸道感染。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 75, |
| "query": "病在腑者，治疗宜选（）", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "下合穴", |
| "B": "八脉交会穴", |
| "C": "原穴", |
| "D": "络穴", |
| "E": "郄穴" |
| }, |
| "answer": "A", |
| "reason": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 76, |
| "query": "体质较强的癥瘕患者，其治法是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "破瘀散结", |
| "B": "理气行滞", |
| "C": "先攻后补", |
| "D": "攻补兼施", |
| "E": "先补后攻" |
| }, |
| "answer": "C", |
| "reason": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 77, |
| "query": "组成药物中不含黄芩的方剂是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "枳实导滞丸", |
| "B": "普济消毒饮", |
| "C": "龙胆泻肝汤", |
| "D": "芍药汤", |
| "E": "清营汤" |
| }, |
| "answer": "E", |
| "reason": "清营汤组成:犀角(水牛角代)、生地黄、玄参、竹叶心、麦门冬、丹参、黄连、银花、连翘。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 78, |
| "query": "甲型肝炎主要传播途径是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "飞沫", |
| "B": "血液", |
| "C": "性接触", |
| "D": "消化道", |
| "E": "母婴" |
| }, |
| "answer": "D", |
| "reason": "粪一口途径是甲型肝炎的主要传播途径。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 79, |
| "query": "表里两经同病者，治疗宜选（）", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "下合穴", |
| "B": "八脉交会穴", |
| "C": "原穴", |
| "D": "络穴", |
| "E": "郄穴" |
| }, |
| "answer": "D", |
| "reason": "下合穴是手足六阳经之经气内通六腑之所,故临证用下合穴治疗急腹证,以通降腑气，多获良效。络穴的主治特点,在于治疗表里两经的病变。同时十六大络均有各自不同的主治病候,当十六络脉气血异常,出现相关的病候时,都可以取相应络穴加以治疗。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 80, |
| "query": "久病体弱的癥瘕患者，其治法是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "破瘀散结", |
| "B": "理气行滞", |
| "C": "先攻后补", |
| "D": "攻补兼施", |
| "E": "先补后攻" |
| }, |
| "answer": "D", |
| "reason": "本者“急则治标,缓则治本”的原则。体质较强的癓瘕患者,其治法是先攻后补;久病体弱的微痕患者,其治法是攻补兼施。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 81, |
| "query": "吴瑭称作辛凉轻剂的是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "银翘散", |
| "B": "桑菊饮", |
| "C": "麻杏石甘汤", |
| "D": "白虎汤", |
| "E": "竹叶石膏汤" |
| }, |
| "answer": "B", |
| "reason": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 82, |
| "query": "流脑皮肤瘀点、瘀斑不断增加，考虑DIC，应及早应用的药物是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "青霉素", |
| "B": "甘露醇", |
| "C": "头孢菌素", |
| "D": "肾上腺皮质激素", |
| "E": "肝素" |
| }, |
| "answer": "E", |
| "reason": "流行性脑脊髓膜炎，如皮肤瘀点、瘀斑不断增加，且融合成片，并有血小板明显减少者，应及早应用肝素治疗。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 83, |
| "query": "眩晕兼见急躁易怒，口苦，耳鸣，舌红，苔黄，脉弦，可在主方的基础上加（）", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "气海、脾俞、胃俞", |
| "B": "太溪、悬钟、三阴交", |
| "C": "行间、侠溪、太溪", |
| "D": "头维、丰隆、中脘、阴陵泉", |
| "E": "风池、百会、内关、太冲" |
| }, |
| "answer": "C", |
| "reason": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 84, |
| "query": "小儿感冒常见夹惊的原因是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "肺不足", |
| "B": "脾常不足", |
| "C": "神气怯弱", |
| "D": "肾常虚", |
| "E": "肺脏娇嫩" |
| }, |
| "answer": "C", |
| "reason": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 85, |
| "query": "吴瑭称作辛凉重剂的是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "银翘散", |
| "B": "桑菊饮", |
| "C": "麻杏石甘汤", |
| "D": "白虎汤", |
| "E": "竹叶石膏汤" |
| }, |
| "answer": "D", |
| "reason": "桑菊饮、银翘散、白虎汤均为辛凉之剂。桑菊饮遵循“治上焦如羽,非轻不举”的原则,选药质轻性平量轻,药力轻级,适用于风热表证轻者。银翘散选药亦多轻清宜透之品,但药较重,并伍以辛温之品,解表清热较强,适用于风热表证重者。白虎汤重用辛甘大寒之石音，合苦寒之知母,药重质重,量大力专,用治气分实热证。吴称“桑菊饮、银翘散多用轻清之品,以清透肺卫之邪,病位浅而药平和,故称辛凉轻剂、辛凉平剂。白虎汤药重力猛攻专，清气分之大热,故称辛凉重剂。”" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 86, |
| "query": "流脑治疗中，可减轻毒血症，解痉，抗休克的药物是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "青霉素", |
| "B": "甘露醇", |
| "C": "头孢菌素", |
| "D": "肾上腺皮质激素", |
| "E": "肝素" |
| }, |
| "answer": "D", |
| "reason": "流行性脑脊髓膜炎可短期应用肾上腺皮质激素，减轻毒血症，稳定溶酶体，也可解痉、增强心肌收缩力及抑制血小板凝聚，有利于抗休克。氢化可的松一般应用不超过3天，休克纠正即停用。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 87, |
| "query": "眩晕兼见头重如裹，胸闷恶心，神疲困倦，舌胖，苔白腻，脉濡滑，可在主方的基础上加（）", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "气海、脾俞、胃俞", |
| "B": "太溪、悬钟、三阴交", |
| "C": "行间、侠溪、太溪", |
| "D": "头维、丰隆、中脘、阴陵泉", |
| "E": "风池、百会、内关、太冲" |
| }, |
| "answer": "D", |
| "reason": "眩晕的辩证、处方。眩晕兼见急躁易怒,口苦,耳鸣,舌红,苔黄,脉弦,为肝阳上亢,治疗应加行间、侠溪、太溪滋阴平肝潜阳。眩晕兼见头重如裹;胸闷恶心,神疲困倦,舌胖,昔白腻,脉濡滑,为痰湿中阻,治疗应加头维、丰隆、中脘、明陵泉健脾化痰祛湿。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 88, |
| "query": "小儿感冒常见夹滞的原因是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "肺不足", |
| "B": "脾常不足", |
| "C": "神气怯弱", |
| "D": "肾常虚", |
| "E": "肺脏娇嫩" |
| }, |
| "answer": "B", |
| "reason": "小儿脾常不足,饮食不节,感冒之后,脾运失司,乳食停滞,阻中焦,则腹胀纳呆,或伴吐泻,此为感冒夹滞;小儿神气怯弱,肝气未盛,感邪之后,热扰心肝,引动肝风,扰乱心神,易致睡卧不宁,惊惕抽风,此为感冒夹惊。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 89, |
| "query": "吐泻之后,舌苔为", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "滑苔", |
| "B": "燥苔", |
| "C": "脓腐苔", |
| "D": "白腻苔", |
| "E": "花剥苔" |
| }, |
| "answer": "B", |
| "reason": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 90, |
| "query": "流行性出血热皮肤出血的改变是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "斑丘疹", |
| "B": "玫瑰疹", |
| "C": "搔抓样瘀点", |
| "D": "红斑疹", |
| "E": "皮肤坏死" |
| }, |
| "answer": "C", |
| "reason": "流行性出血热皮肤出血多见于腋下和胸背部，常呈条索状或搔抓样瘀点。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 91, |
| "query": "在八脉交会穴中，通阴跷脉的是（）", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "列缺", |
| "B": "足临泣", |
| "C": "后溪", |
| "D": "公孙", |
| "E": "照海" |
| }, |
| "answer": "E", |
| "reason": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 92, |
| "query": "滑胎的治疗原则是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "下胎益母", |
| "B": "保胎治疗", |
| "C": "治病与安胎并举", |
| "D": "补肾填精，固冲安胎", |
| "E": "未孕前重防，已孕后重早治" |
| }, |
| "answer": "E", |
| "reason": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 93, |
| "query": "内痈或邪毒内结,舌苔为", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "滑苔", |
| "B": "燥苔", |
| "C": "脓腐苔", |
| "D": "白腻苔", |
| "E": "花剥苔" |
| }, |
| "answer": "C", |
| "reason": "燥苔提示体内津液已伤,如高热大汗、吐泻、久不伙水或过服温药物等,亦可因痰饮瘀血内阻,阳气被遏:不能上蒸津浓而致。脓腐苔多见于内痈、邪毒内结,是邪盛病重的表现。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 94, |
| "query": "流行性脑脊髓炎皮肤严重出血的改变是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "斑丘疹", |
| "B": "玫瑰疹", |
| "C": "搔抓样瘀点", |
| "D": "红斑疹", |
| "E": "皮肤坏死" |
| }, |
| "answer": "E", |
| "reason": "流行性脑脊髓炎70%~90%患者有皮肤或黏膜瘀点或瘀斑、严重者瘀斑迅速扩大，其中央因血栓形成而坏死。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 95, |
| "query": "在八脉交会穴中，通督脉的是（）", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "列缺", |
| "B": "足临泣", |
| "C": "后溪", |
| "D": "公孙", |
| "E": "照海" |
| }, |
| "answer": "C", |
| "reason": "八脉交会穴是奇经八脉与十二经之气相交会的8个腧穴,均分布于脚踝部上下。公孙通冲脉,内关通阴维脉,后溪通督脉、申脉通阳跷脉;足临泣通带脉.外关通阳维脉；列缺通任脉、昭海通阴跷脉。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 96, |
| "query": "堕胎、小产的治疗原则是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "下胎益母", |
| "B": "保胎治疗", |
| "C": "治病与安胎并举", |
| "D": "补肾填精，固冲安胎", |
| "E": "未孕前重防，已孕后重早治" |
| }, |
| "answer": "A", |
| "reason": "滑胎孕前宜以补肾健脾,益气养血，调理冲任为主;孕后即应积被进行保胎治疗。并应维持超过既往堕胎、小产时间2周以上，万不可等到发生流产先兆以后再进行诊治。堕胎、小产的治疗原则以下胎益母为主,若胎堕完全者应按产后处理，宜调养气血为主。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 97, |
| "query": "清胆利湿、和胃化痰的方剂是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "茵陈整甲汤", |
| "B": "茵陈蒿汤", |
| "C": "半夏泻心汤", |
| "D": "四逆散", |
| "E": "蒿芩清胆汤" |
| }, |
| "answer": "E", |
| "reason": "芩洁胆汤具有消胆利湿，和化痰之功,常用于少阳湿热证。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 98, |
| "query": "骨髓纤维化常见", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "泪滴形红细胞", |
| "B": "靶形红细胞", |
| "C": "口形红细胞", |
| "D": "镰形红细胞", |
| "E": "球形红细胞" |
| }, |
| "answer": "A", |
| "reason": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 99, |
| "query": "治疗生殖系统疾病，应选择（）", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "额中线", |
| "B": "额旁1线", |
| "C": "额旁3线", |
| "D": "颞前线", |
| "E": "颞后线" |
| }, |
| "answer": "C", |
| "reason": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 100, |
| "query": "幼儿急疹的临床特点是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "发热或无热，1一2天出疹（根盘红晕不明显）", |
| "B": "发热3、4天出疹，出疹时热退", |
| "C": "发热2～3天出疹", |
| "D": "发热3、4天出疹，出疹时热度增高", |
| "E": "发热数小时、1天出疹" |
| }, |
| "answer": "B", |
| "reason": "幼儿急疹起病急骤,常突然高热，持续3~4天后热退疹出,皮疹呈玫瑰红色,以躯干、臀部较多,面部及四肢较少。皮疹出现1~2天后消退，疹退后无脱屑及色素沉着。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 101, |
| "query": "寒热平调、消痞散结的方剂是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "茵陈整甲汤", |
| "B": "茵陈蒿汤", |
| "C": "半夏泻心汤", |
| "D": "四逆散", |
| "E": "蒿芩清胆汤" |
| }, |
| "answer": "C", |
| "reason": "半夏泻心汤具有热平调,消痞散结之功,常用于寒热互结之痞证。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 102, |
| "query": "缺铁性贫血可见", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "泪滴形红细胞", |
| "B": "靶形红细胞", |
| "C": "口形红细胞", |
| "D": "镰形红细胞", |
| "E": "球形红细胞" |
| }, |
| "answer": "B", |
| "reason": "泪滴形红细胞：主要见于骨髓纤维化，为本病的特点之一，也可见于珠蛋白生成障碍性贫血、溶血性贫血等；靶形红细胞：常见于珠蛋白生成障碍性贫血、异常血红蛋白病，也可见于缺铁性贫血等。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 103, |
| "query": "治疗耳聋、耳鸣，应选择（）", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "额中线", |
| "B": "额旁1线", |
| "C": "额旁3线", |
| "D": "颞前线", |
| "E": "颞后线" |
| }, |
| "answer": "E", |
| "reason": "额中线和额旁1线主治癫痫、精神失常,鼻病等,额旁3线主治功能性子宫出血、阳瘘、遗精、子宫脱垂、尿频、尿急等。颞前线主治运动性失语、周围性面神经瘫痪,偏头痛及口腔的疾病等,颞后线主治偏头痛、耳源性眩晕及耳鸣、耳聋等。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 104, |
| "query": "麻疹的临床特点是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "发热或无热，1一2天出疹（根盘红晕不明显）", |
| "B": "发热3、4天出疹，出疹时热退", |
| "C": "发热2～3天出疹", |
| "D": "发热3、4天出疹，出疹时热度增高", |
| "E": "发热数小时、1天出疹" |
| }, |
| "answer": "D", |
| "reason": "麻疹初热期有发热、咳嗽、喷嚏等类似感冒的表现,但发热渐高，目赤多泪,畏光,于发病2~3天时,口腔出现麻疹黏膜斑。发热3~4天后进人见形期,此期高热起伏,咳嗽加剧,纳呆嗜睡,分批出疹。皮疹先见于耳后、发际,渐遍及全身，最后达手心与足心,3~4天出齐,并进人恢复期。恢复期皮疹按出疹顺序消退,疹退后皮肤见脱屑及色素沉着，体温渐降，全身症状随之好转。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 105, |
| "query": "竹叶石膏汤中麦门冬与半夏的用量比例是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "1:1", |
| "B": "2:1", |
| "C": "5:1", |
| "D": "6:1", |
| "E": "7:1" |
| }, |
| "answer": "B", |
| "reason": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 106, |
| "query": "上述各项，体现我国当今医患关系法制化趋势反映在", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "医患交往的社会性日益突出为社会所关注", |
| "B": "将部分医德规范，观念纳人《中华人民共和国医师法》", |
| "C": "医患交往在经济条件、文化背景方面日显重要", |
| "D": "指导患者就医，自主选择医生、护士、治疗小组的做法", |
| "E": "部分医务人员在诊疗工作中过于依靠仪器检测" |
| }, |
| "answer": "B", |
| "reason": "将部分医德规范,观念纳人《中华人民共和国医师法》，更加体现了医生和患者之间的权利与义务的法制化。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 107, |
| "query": "从耳后，入耳中，出走耳前的是（）", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "足少阳胆经", |
| "B": "足太阴脾经", |
| "C": "手阳明大肠经", |
| "D": "手少阴心经", |
| "E": "足厥阴肝经" |
| }, |
| "answer": "A", |
| "reason": "足少阳胆经一分支从耳后进入耳中,出走于耳前,至目外眦后方。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 108, |
| "query": "蛔虫病肠虫证疼痛部位是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "脐周", |
| "B": "胃脘部", |
| "C": "左下腹", |
| "D": "痛无定处", |
| "E": "右上腹" |
| }, |
| "answer": "A", |
| "reason": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 109, |
| "query": "麦门冬汤中麦门冬与半夏的比例是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "1:1", |
| "B": "2:1", |
| "C": "5:1", |
| "D": "6:1", |
| "E": "7:1" |
| }, |
| "answer": "E", |
| "reason": "竹叶石膏汤中麦门冬1升,半夏半升。麦门冬汤中麦门冬7升,半夏1升。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 110, |
| "query": "上述各项，体现在医患关系中，反映患者自主性的是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "医患交往的社会性日益突出为社会所关注", |
| "B": "将部分医德规范，观念纳人《中华人民共和国医师法》", |
| "C": "医患交往在经济条件、文化背景方面日显重要", |
| "D": "指导患者就医，自主选择医生、护士、治疗小组的做法", |
| "E": "部分医务人员在诊疗工作中过于依靠仪器检测" |
| }, |
| "answer": "D", |
| "reason": "患者可自主地选择医生、护士、治疗小组的做法更加体现了患者的自主性。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 111, |
| "query": "交于人中，左脉向右，右脉向左的是（）", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "足少阳胆经", |
| "B": "足太阴脾经", |
| "C": "手阳明大肠经", |
| "D": "手少阴心经", |
| "E": "足厥阴肝经" |
| }, |
| "answer": "C", |
| "reason": "《灵枢，经脉》说,“大肠手阳明之脉,起于大指次指之端,循指上廉,出合谷两骨之间,上人两筋之中,循臂上廉,入肘外廉,上臑外前廉,上肩，出髃骨之前廉，上出于柱骨之会上，下入缺盆，络肺，下膈，属大肠，其支者,从缺盆上颈,贯颊,人下齿中,还出夹口,交人中,左之右,右之左,上夹鼻孔。\"" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 112, |
| "query": "蛔虫病蛔厥证疼痛部位是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "脐周", |
| "B": "胃脘部", |
| "C": "左下腹", |
| "D": "痛无定处", |
| "E": "右上腹" |
| }, |
| "answer": "E", |
| "reason": "蛔虫病肠虫证疼痛部位在脐周,蛔厥证疼痛部位在右上腹或剑突下。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 113, |
| "query": "评价医务人员医疗行为普恶的出发点和根本标准是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "经济标准", |
| "B": "疗效标准", |
| "C": "社会标准", |
| "D": "行为标准", |
| "E": "科学标准" |
| }, |
| "answer": "B", |
| "reason": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 114, |
| "query": "省级人民政府在接到突发公共卫生事件报告后，向国务院卫生行政部门报告的时限是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "尽早", |
| "B": "1小时", |
| "C": "2小时", |
| "D": "6小时", |
| "E": "12小时" |
| }, |
| "answer": "B", |
| "reason": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 115, |
| "query": "以上腧穴中，退热的要穴是（）", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "身柱", |
| "B": "至阳", |
| "C": "风府", |
| "D": "陶道", |
| "E": "大椎" |
| }, |
| "answer": "E", |
| "reason": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 116, |
| "query": "治疗气营两燔型皮肤黏膜淋巴结综合征的首选方是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "清瘟败毒饮", |
| "B": "白虎汤", |
| "C": "凉膈散", |
| "D": "青蒿鳖甲汤", |
| "E": "沙参麦冬汤" |
| }, |
| "answer": "A", |
| "reason": "" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 117, |
| "query": "评价医疗行为是否有利于人类生存环境的保护和改善,是否有利于人类健康符合", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "经济标准", |
| "B": "疗效标准", |
| "C": "社会标准", |
| "D": "行为标准", |
| "E": "科学标准" |
| }, |
| "answer": "C", |
| "reason": "疗效标准是指医疗行为是否有利于患者疾病的缓解、痊愈和保障生命的安全。这是评价和衡是医务人员医疗行为是否符合道德及道德水平高低的重要标志。社会标准是指医疗行为是否有利于人类生存环境的保护和改善。科学标准是指医疗行为是否有利于促进医学科学的发展和社会的进步。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 118, |
| "query": "突发事件监测机构、医疗卫生机构和有关单位在发现突发公共卫生事件后，向所在地县级人民政府卫生行政主管部门报告的时限是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "尽早", |
| "B": "1小时", |
| "C": "2小时", |
| "D": "6小时", |
| "E": "12小时" |
| }, |
| "answer": "C", |
| "reason": "国家建立突发事件应急报告制度：省、自治区、直辖市人民政府应当在接到报告1小时内，向国务院卫生行政主管部门报告。突发事件监测机构、医疗卫生机构和有关单位发现有本条例第十九条规定情形之一的，应当在2小时内向所在地县级人民政府卫生行政主管部门报告；接到报告的卫生行政主管部门应当在2小时内向本级人民政府报告，并同时向上级人民政府卫生行政主管部门和国务院卫生行政主管部门报告。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 119, |
| "query": "以上腧穴中，治疗疔疮的要穴是（）", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "身柱", |
| "B": "至阳", |
| "C": "风府", |
| "D": "陶道", |
| "E": "大椎" |
| }, |
| "answer": "A", |
| "reason": "大椎生治:①热病、疟疾、恶寒发热、咳嗽、气喘等外感病证;②骨蒸潮热;③癫狂痢证、小儿惊风等神志病证;:④项强,脊痛;⑤风疹,痤疮。身柱主治:①身热,头痛、咳嗽、气喘等外感病证;②癫狂、小儿风痢、惊厥、癫狂痫等神志病证；③腰脊强痛;④疔疮发背。" |
| }, |
| { |
| "question_num": 120, |
| "query": "治疗气阴两伤型皮肤黏膜淋巴结综合征的首选方是", |
| "options": { |
| "A": "清瘟败毒饮", |
| "B": "白虎汤", |
| "C": "凉膈散", |
| "D": "青蒿鳖甲汤", |
| "E": "沙参麦冬汤" |
| }, |
| "answer": "E", |
| "reason": "①卫气同病辛凉透表,清热解毒,银翘散加减；②气营两燔宜清气凉营,解毒化瘀,清瘟败辞饮加减;③气阴两仍宜益气乔阴，清解余热，沙参麦冬汤加减。" |
| } |
| ] |
