| [ | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 1, | |
| "query": "属五行相乘传变的是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "肝病及心", | |
| "B": "肝病及肾", | |
| "C": "肝病及肺", | |
| "D": "肝病及脾", | |
| "E": "脾病及心" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "C项属相侮传变，D项属相乘传变" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 2, | |
| "query": "属五行相侮传变的是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "肝病及心", | |
| "B": "肝病及肾", | |
| "C": "肝病及肺", | |
| "D": "肝病及脾", | |
| "E": "脾病及心" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "C项属相侮传变，D项属相乘传变" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 3, | |
| "query": "心肾不交的治法是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "泻南补北", | |
| "B": "扶土抑木", | |
| "C": "滋水涵木", | |
| "D": "培土生金", | |
| "E": "佐金平木" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "泻南补北,即泻心火补肾水,适用于肾水不足,心火偏旺的心肾不交证,在五行属火侮水,故用泻南补北法,故93题选A;肝阳上亢为肾阴不足,肝木滋养不足而发生偏亢之象,在五行属水亏影响肝木的正常疏泄。因此,用滋水涵木法,故94题选C" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 4, | |
| "query": "肝阳上亢的治法是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "泻南补北", | |
| "B": "扶土抑木", | |
| "C": "滋水涵木", | |
| "D": "培土生金", | |
| "E": "佐金平木" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "泻南补北,即泻心火补肾水,适用于肾水不足,心火偏旺的心肾不交证,在五行属火侮水,故用泻南补北法,故93题选A;肝阳上亢为肾阴不足,肝木滋养不足而发生偏亢之象,在五行属水亏影响肝木的正常疏泄。因此,用滋水涵木法,故94题选C" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 5, | |
| "query": "“阴阳之根本”是指", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "肾", | |
| "B": "脾", | |
| "C": "胃", | |
| "D": "肝", | |
| "E": "肺" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "肾中所藏之精,包含肾阴和肾阳，“先天之精”和“后天之精”相互补充,才能使肾阴、肾阳生化无穷。肺主一身之气,通调水道,若肺失宣肃,津液停聚,则为痰浊,所以说肺为贮痰之器。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 6, | |
| "query": "“贮痰之器”是指", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "肾", | |
| "B": "脾", | |
| "C": "胃", | |
| "D": "肝", | |
| "E": "肺" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "E", | |
| "reason": "肾中所藏之精,包含肾阴和肾阳，“先天之精”和“后天之精”相互补充,才能使肾阴、肾阳生化无穷。肺主一身之气,通调水道,若肺失宣肃,津液停聚,则为痰浊,所以说肺为贮痰之器。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 7, | |
| "query": "与气的生成关系最密切的脏是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "心与脾", | |
| "B": "肺与脾", | |
| "C": "脾与肾", | |
| "D": "肺与肝", | |
| "E": "肺与心" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "气的生成有两个方面,一方面是肺吸人自然界的清气,另一方面是脾胃消化和运化的水谷之精气,故肺、脾与气的生成关系最密切;肝主疏泄,调畅人体气机,肺能调节全身气机，故与气机调节关系最密切的脏是肺和肝，" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 8, | |
| "query": "与气机调节关系最密切的脏是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "心与脾", | |
| "B": "肺与脾", | |
| "C": "脾与肾", | |
| "D": "肺与肝", | |
| "E": "肺与心" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "气的生成有两个方面,一方面是肺吸人自然界的清气,另一方面是脾胃消化和运化的水谷之精气,故肺、脾与气的生成关系最密切;肝主疏泄,调畅人体气机,肺能调节全身气机，故与气机调节关系最密切的脏是肺和肝，" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 9, | |
| "query": "适用于热结旁流的治则是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "热因热用", | |
| "B": "寒因寒用", | |
| "C": "通因通用", | |
| "D": "塞因塞用", | |
| "E": "寒者热之" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "热因热用即以热药治疗真寒假热之法;通因通用是以通治通，即用通利药治疗具有实性通泄症状的病证。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 10, | |
| "query": "邪入脏腑,病情严重者,指纹的表现是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "显于风关", | |
| "B": "达于气关", | |
| "C": "达于命关", | |
| "D": "透关射甲", | |
| "E": "未超风关" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "络脉的长短反映病情的轻重,病情越重,络脉越长,络脉达于命关,为病邪深重;若络脉透过三关直达指端者，称为透关射甲,病多凶险,预后不佳。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 11, | |
| "query": "适用于真寒假热的治则是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "热因热用", | |
| "B": "寒因寒用", | |
| "C": "通因通用", | |
| "D": "塞因塞用", | |
| "E": "寒者热之" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "热因热用即以热药治疗真寒假热之法;通因通用是以通治通，即用通利药治疗具有实性通泄症状的病证。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 12, | |
| "query": "病情凶险者,指纹的表现是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "显于风关", | |
| "B": "达于气关", | |
| "C": "达于命关", | |
| "D": "透关射甲", | |
| "E": "未超风关" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "络脉的长短反映病情的轻重,病情越重,络脉越长,络脉达于命关,为病邪深重;若络脉透过三关直达指端者，称为透关射甲,病多凶险,预后不佳。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 13, | |
| "query": "久病累及脾肾,以致脾肾阳虚,温煦气化失司,可以形成", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "风气内动", | |
| "B": "寒从中生", | |
| "C": "湿浊内生", | |
| "D": "津伤化燥", | |
| "E": "火热内生" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "脾肾阳虚,阳患则阴盛,阴为寒,故寒从中生;邪热炽盛,燔灼肝经,热急生风,可以形成风气内动，" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 14, | |
| "query": "邪入营血证的舌象是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "舌色淡红", | |
| "B": "舌质淡白", | |
| "C": "舌质绛红", | |
| "D": "舌质紫暗", | |
| "E": "舌起粗大红刺" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "C项主热人营血阴虚火旺及瘀血。D项多为瘀血内阻或肝失疏泄,或肺失宣肃、气潜而血瘀,或气虚而致血流缓慢,或外伤损伤络脉,血溢致瘀。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 15, | |
| "query": "邪热炽盛,煎灼津液,伤及营血,燔灼肝经,可以形成", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "风气内动", | |
| "B": "寒从中生", | |
| "C": "湿浊内生", | |
| "D": "津伤化燥", | |
| "E": "火热内生" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "脾肾阳虚,阳患则阴盛,阴为寒,故寒从中生;邪热炽盛,燔灼肝经,热急生风,可以形成风气内动，" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 16, | |
| "query": "气血瘀滞证的血象是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "舌色淡红", | |
| "B": "舌质淡白", | |
| "C": "舌质绛红", | |
| "D": "舌质紫暗", | |
| "E": "舌起粗大红刺" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "C项主热人营血阴虚火旺及瘀血。D项多为瘀血内阻或肝失疏泄,或肺失宣肃、气潜而血瘀,或气虚而致血流缓慢,或外伤损伤络脉,血溢致瘀。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 17, | |
| "query": "阴偏衰所形成的病理变化是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "实热", | |
| "B": "实寒", | |
| "C": "虚热", | |
| "D": "虚寒", | |
| "E": "真寒假热" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "阴偏衰则阳盛，阳盛则热;实是相对邪气而言，虚相对于脏腑而言,内伤引起的发热为虚热，故阴偏衰引起的病理变化为虚热;阴盛则寒,邪气盛为实寒。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 18, | |
| "query": "郑声的病因多为", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "心气大伤", | |
| "B": "心气不足", | |
| "C": "痰火扰心", | |
| "D": "风痰阻络", | |
| "E": "热扰心神" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "郑声具指神志不清,语言重复,时断时续,声音低弱者,多属心气大伤,精神散乱之虚证。言语春涩指的是神志清楚,思维正常,但言语不流利，吐词不清晰者,多因风痰阻络所致。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 19, | |
| "query": "阴偏胜所形成的病理变化是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "实热", | |
| "B": "实寒", | |
| "C": "虚热", | |
| "D": "虚寒", | |
| "E": "真寒假热" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "阴偏衰则阳盛，阳盛则热;实是相对邪气而言，虚相对于脏腑而言,内伤引起的发热为虚热，故阴偏衰引起的病理变化为虚热;阴盛则寒,邪气盛为实寒。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 20, | |
| "query": "语言謇涩的病因多为", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "心气大伤", | |
| "B": "心气不足", | |
| "C": "痰火扰心", | |
| "D": "风痰阻络", | |
| "E": "热扰心神" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "郑声具指神志不清,语言重复,时断时续,声音低弱者,多属心气大伤,精神散乱之虚证。言语春涩指的是神志清楚,思维正常,但言语不流利，吐词不清晰者,多因风痰阻络所致。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 21, | |
| "query": "《素问·调经论》说:“血有余”则", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "怒", | |
| "B": "喜", | |
| "C": "思", | |
| "D": "悲", | |
| "E": "恐" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "《素问·调经论》原文:“血有余则怒,不足则恐。”" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 22, | |
| "query": "濡脉与弱脉的主要不同点,在于", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "脉位的浮沉", | |
| "B": "脉力的大小", | |
| "C": "脉形的长短", | |
| "D": "脉率的快慢", | |
| "E": "脉律的齐否" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "濡脉指浮而细软，如帛在水中,主虚证、湿证。弱脉极软而沉细，主气血阴阳俱虚证。结脉是迟而歇止，促脉是数而歇止。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 23, | |
| "query": "《素问·调经论》说:“血不足”,则", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "怒", | |
| "B": "喜", | |
| "C": "思", | |
| "D": "悲", | |
| "E": "恐" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "E", | |
| "reason": "《素问·调经论》原文:“血有余则怒,不足则恐。”" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 24, | |
| "query": "结脉与促脉的主要不同点,在于", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "脉位的浮沉", | |
| "B": "脉力的大小", | |
| "C": "脉形的长短", | |
| "D": "脉率的快慢", | |
| "E": "脉律的齐否" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "濡脉指浮而细软，如帛在水中,主虚证、湿证。弱脉极软而沉细，主气血阴阳俱虚证。结脉是迟而歇止，促脉是数而歇止。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 25, | |
| "query": "患者因受精神刺激突发二便失禁,遗精,其病机是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "怒则气上", | |
| "B": "悲则气消", | |
| "C": "喜则气缓", | |
| "D": "思则气结", | |
| "E": "恐则气下" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "E", | |
| "reason": "怒则气上,指郁怒暴怒可致肝气上逆或肝阳上亢，出现头痛头老笔下目心工月导致气机下陷，出现肾气受伤的一系列病征如二便失禁、遗精滑泄等" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 26, | |
| "query": "胸痹心痛患者,脉象多见", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "滑", | |
| "B": "促", | |
| "C": "弦", | |
| "D": "涩", | |
| "E": "数" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "胸痹心痛属痛证，心烦不寐多属虚热内扰。C项主肝胆病、痰饮:痛证、疟疾。E项主热证,有力为实热，无力为虚热。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 27, | |
| "query": "患者因受精神刺激而气逆喘息，面红目赤,呕血,昏厥猝倒,其病机是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "怒则气上", | |
| "B": "悲则气消", | |
| "C": "喜则气缓", | |
| "D": "思则气结", | |
| "E": "恐则气下" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "怒则气上,指郁怒暴怒可致肝气上逆或肝阳上亢，出现头痛头老笔下目心工月导致气机下陷，出现肾气受伤的一系列病征如二便失禁、遗精滑泄等" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 28, | |
| "query": "心烦不寐患者,脉象多见", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "滑", | |
| "B": "促", | |
| "C": "弦", | |
| "D": "涩", | |
| "E": "数" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "E", | |
| "reason": "胸痹心痛属痛证，心烦不寐多属虚热内扰。C项主肝胆病、痰饮:痛证、疟疾。E项主热证,有力为实热，无力为虚热。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 29, | |
| "query": "被称为“十二经脉之海”的是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "督脉", | |
| "B": "任脉", | |
| "C": "冲脉", | |
| "D": "带脉", | |
| "E": "阴维脉" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "冲脉上至头，下至足,贯穿全身,能调节十二经气血,故有“十二经脉之海”之称。任脉有调节月经,妊养胎儿的作用,故有“任主胞宫”之说。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 30, | |
| "query": "肝病日久，两胁胀满疼痛,并见舌质瘀斑、瘀点,其病机是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "气滞血瘀", | |
| "B": "气不摄血", | |
| "C": "气随血脱", | |
| "D": "气血两虚", | |
| "E": "气血失和" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "肝病日久，则肝气郁滞,疏泄失职,故见两胁胀满疼痛。气为血帅,气则血凝,故见舌质瘀点、瘀斑。产后大量出血时，血失气脱，正气大伤，随即出现气脱之症,气脱阳亡,不能温煦四肢,则手足厥冷:不能温固肌表,则大汗淋漓;神随气散,神无所主,则为晕厥。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 31, | |
| "query": "与女子妊娠密切相关的经脉是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "督脉", | |
| "B": "任脉", | |
| "C": "冲脉", | |
| "D": "带脉", | |
| "E": "阴维脉" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "冲脉上至头，下至足,贯穿全身,能调节十二经气血,故有“十二经脉之海”之称。任脉有调节月经,妊养胎儿的作用,故有“任主胞宫”之说。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 32, | |
| "query": "产后大出血。继则冷汗淋漓,甚则晕厥,其病机是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "气滞血瘀", | |
| "B": "气不摄血", | |
| "C": "气随血脱", | |
| "D": "气血两虚", | |
| "E": "气血失和" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "肝病日久，则肝气郁滞,疏泄失职,故见两胁胀满疼痛。气为血帅,气则血凝,故见舌质瘀点、瘀斑。产后大量出血时，血失气脱，正气大伤，随即出现气脱之症,气脱阳亡,不能温煦四肢,则手足厥冷:不能温固肌表,则大汗淋漓;神随气散,神无所主,则为晕厥。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 33, | |
| "query": "清热燥湿药的性味多为", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "苦、寒", | |
| "B": "甘、寒", | |
| "C": "辛、苦、温", | |
| "D": "甘、苦、温", | |
| "E": "甘、辛、温" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "清热燥湿药物药性苦寒,具有清热燥湿的作用，兼能清热泻火，理气药主要用于治疗“气滞”引起的胸腹疼痛等证候。以疏通气机、消除气滞、平降气逆为主要作用的一类中药。又称行气药。多辛、苦,性温,气味芳香,具有行气消胀,解郁止痛、降逆等功效。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 34, | |
| "query": "热邪壅肺证,可见", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "咳嗽,咳痰稀白", | |
| "B": "咳嗽,痰多泡沫", | |
| "C": "咳喘,咳痰黄稠", | |
| "D": "咳嗽,痰少难咳", | |
| "E": "咳喘,痰多易咳" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "热邪壅肺，热伤肺津，炼液成痰，痰热互结为黄稠痰。燥邪犯肺，易伤肺津，痰少而难咯。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 35, | |
| "query": "理气药的性味多为", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "苦、寒", | |
| "B": "甘、寒", | |
| "C": "辛、苦、温", | |
| "D": "甘、苦、温", | |
| "E": "甘、辛、温" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "清热燥湿药物药性苦寒,具有清热燥湿的作用，兼能清热泻火，理气药主要用于治疗“气滞”引起的胸腹疼痛等证候。以疏通气机、消除气滞、平降气逆为主要作用的一类中药。又称行气药。多辛、苦,性温,气味芳香,具有行气消胀,解郁止痛、降逆等功效。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 36, | |
| "query": "燥邪犯肺证,可见", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "咳嗽,咳痰稀白", | |
| "B": "咳嗽,痰多泡沫", | |
| "C": "咳喘,咳痰黄稠", | |
| "D": "咳嗽,痰少难咳", | |
| "E": "咳喘,痰多易咳" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "热邪壅肺，热伤肺津，炼液成痰，痰热互结为黄稠痰。燥邪犯肺，易伤肺津，痰少而难咯。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 37, | |
| "query": "知母的主要归经是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "肺、胃、肾经", | |
| "B": "肺、脾、肾经", | |
| "C": "心、脾、肾经", | |
| "D": "心、肝、肾经", | |
| "E": "心、肝、脾经" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "知母归经人肺、胃、肾经。①《珍珠囊》:“肾经”;②《汤液本草》:“人足阳明经、手太阴经”;③《本草经解》:“人足少阴肾经、手少阴心经”龟甲归经人肝肾经。①《雷公炮制药性解》:“人心、脾、肝三经”;②《本草经疏》:“人足少阴经。”" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 38, | |
| "query": "肝胆湿热可见", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "尿频尿急,尿道灼痛,尿黄短少", | |
| "B": "头痛目赤,急躁易怒,胁痛便秘", | |
| "C": "腹部痞闷,纳呆便溏,面目发黄", | |
| "D": "腹痛下痢,赤白黏冻,里急后重", | |
| "E": "阴囊湿疹,瘙痒难忍,小便短赤" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "E", | |
| "reason": "肝胆湿热证的临床表现为胁肋胀痛,或有痞块，口苦,腹胀,纳少呕恶,大便不调,小便短赤,舌红苔黄腻,脉弦数。或寒热往来,或身目发黄,或阴湿疹，或睾丸肿胀热痛,或带浊阴痒等。湿热蕴脾证的临床表现为脘腹痞闷,纳呆呕恶,便清尿黄，肢体困重,或面目肌肤发黄,色泽鲜明如橘，皮肤发痒,或身热起伏,汗出热不解。舌红苔黄腻脉濡数。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 39, | |
| "query": "龟甲的主要归经是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "肺、胃、肾经", | |
| "B": "肺、脾、肾经", | |
| "C": "心、脾、肾经", | |
| "D": "心、肝、肾经", | |
| "E": "心、肝、脾经" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "知母归经人肺、胃、肾经。①《珍珠囊》:“肾经”;②《汤液本草》:“人足阳明经、手太阴经”;③《本草经解》:“人足少阴肾经、手少阴心经”龟甲归经人肝肾经。①《雷公炮制药性解》:“人心、脾、肝三经”;②《本草经疏》:“人足少阴经。”" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 40, | |
| "query": "湿热蕴脾可见", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "尿频尿急,尿道灼痛,尿黄短少", | |
| "B": "头痛目赤,急躁易怒,胁痛便秘", | |
| "C": "腹部痞闷,纳呆便溏,面目发黄", | |
| "D": "腹痛下痢,赤白黏冻,里急后重", | |
| "E": "阴囊湿疹,瘙痒难忍,小便短赤" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "肝胆湿热证的临床表现为胁肋胀痛,或有痞块，口苦,腹胀,纳少呕恶,大便不调,小便短赤,舌红苔黄腻,脉弦数。或寒热往来,或身目发黄,或阴湿疹，或睾丸肿胀热痛,或带浊阴痒等。湿热蕴脾证的临床表现为脘腹痞闷,纳呆呕恶,便清尿黄，肢体困重,或面目肌肤发黄,色泽鲜明如橘，皮肤发痒,或身热起伏,汗出热不解。舌红苔黄腻脉濡数。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 41, | |
| "query": "两药合用,以一种药为主,另一种药为辅,辅药能提高主药疗效的配伍关系,称为", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "相使", | |
| "B": "相杀", | |
| "C": "相畏", | |
| "D": "相反", | |
| "E": "相恶" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "相畏出自《神农本草经》是指药物之间的互相抑制作用，药物毒性或副作用能被另一种药物消减,如半夏畏生姜。相使,即在性能功效方面有某些共性的药物,以一种药为主,另一种药为辅的形式配伍:能提高主药疗效,如补气利水的黄芪与利水健脾的茯苓配合时,茯苓能提高黄芪补气利水的治疗效果。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 42, | |
| "query": "肠梗阻可见腹痛,并伴有", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "急性发热", | |
| "B": "黄疸", | |
| "C": "呕吐", | |
| "D": "腹泻", | |
| "E": "血便" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "腹痛、呕吐、腹胀便秘和停止排气是肠梗阻的典型症状。腹痛血便、腹部肿块是肠套香的典型症状。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 43, | |
| "query": "两药合用,一种药物的毒副作用能被另一种药物所抑制的配伍关系,称为", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "相使", | |
| "B": "相杀", | |
| "C": "相畏", | |
| "D": "相反", | |
| "E": "相恶" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "相畏出自《神农本草经》是指药物之间的互相抑制作用，药物毒性或副作用能被另一种药物消减,如半夏畏生姜。相使,即在性能功效方面有某些共性的药物,以一种药为主,另一种药为辅的形式配伍:能提高主药疗效,如补气利水的黄芪与利水健脾的茯苓配合时,茯苓能提高黄芪补气利水的治疗效果。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 44, | |
| "query": "肠套叠可见腹痛,并伴有", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "急性发热", | |
| "B": "黄疸", | |
| "C": "呕吐", | |
| "D": "腹泻", | |
| "E": "血便" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "E", | |
| "reason": "腹痛、呕吐、腹胀便秘和停止排气是肠梗阻的典型症状。腹痛血便、腹部肿块是肠套香的典型症状。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 45, | |
| "query": "宜在睡前服的药物是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "驱虫药", | |
| "B": "泻下药", | |
| "C": "滋补药", | |
| "D": "安神药", | |
| "E": "健胃药" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "安神药宜在睡前服用,健胃药宜在饭后服用。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 46, | |
| "query": "急性左心功能不全,常伴有", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "咳铁锈色痰", | |
| "B": "咳粉红色泡沫痰", | |
| "C": "咳吐大量鲜血", | |
| "D": "咳大量脓痰", | |
| "E": "干咳无痰" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "咳铁锈色痰为肺炎球菌肺炎，咳粉红色泡沫痰是急性肺水肿及急性左心功能不全的特征，" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 47, | |
| "query": "宜在饭后服的药物是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "驱虫药", | |
| "B": "泻下药", | |
| "C": "滋补药", | |
| "D": "安神药", | |
| "E": "健胃药" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "E", | |
| "reason": "安神药宜在睡前服用,健胃药宜在饭后服用。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 48, | |
| "query": "肺炎球菌肺炎,常伴有", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "咳铁锈色痰", | |
| "B": "咳粉红色泡沫痰", | |
| "C": "咳吐大量鲜血", | |
| "D": "咳大量脓痰", | |
| "E": "干咳无痰" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "咳铁锈色痰为肺炎球菌肺炎，咳粉红色泡沫痰是急性肺水肿及急性左心功能不全的特征，" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 49, | |
| "query": "治疗肝火上炎,目珠疼痛,应选用", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "石膏", | |
| "B": "知母", | |
| "C": "栀子", | |
| "D": "天花粉", | |
| "E": "夏枯草" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "E", | |
| "reason": "夏枯草清热泻火明目、散结消肿,可治疗头痛眩晕，目珠夜痛,疬瘿瘤,乳痈肿痛。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 50, | |
| "query": "急性胃炎的临床表现是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "呕吐物为隔餐食物,带腐臭味", | |
| "B": "呕吐物为黄绿色,带粪臭味", | |
| "C": "呕吐物为大量黏液及食物", | |
| "D": "呕吐物为血液", | |
| "E": "吐出胃内容物后仍干呕不止" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "呕吐物为大量黏液及食物为胃肠炎的临床表现，呕吐物为黄绿色,带粪臭味为急性胆炎的临床表现。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 51, | |
| "query": "咳嗽喉痒，痰中带血，口干鼻燥，或身热，舌红少津苔薄黄，脉数。治疗应首选", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "桑杏汤", | |
| "B": "杏苏散", | |
| "C": "沙参麦冬汤", | |
| "D": "麦门冬汤", | |
| "E": "百合固金汤" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 52, | |
| "query": "治疗痰火郁结,瘰疬痰核,应选用", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "石膏", | |
| "B": "知母", | |
| "C": "栀子", | |
| "D": "天花粉", | |
| "E": "夏枯草" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "E", | |
| "reason": "夏枯草清热泻火明目、散结消肿,可治疗头痛眩晕，目珠夜痛,疬瘿瘤,乳痈肿痛。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 53, | |
| "query": "急性胆囊炎的临床表现是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "呕吐物为隔餐食物,带腐臭味", | |
| "B": "呕吐物为黄绿色,带粪臭味", | |
| "C": "呕吐物为大量黏液及食物", | |
| "D": "呕吐物为血液", | |
| "E": "吐出胃内容物后仍干呕不止" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "呕吐物为大量黏液及食物为胃肠炎的临床表现，呕吐物为黄绿色,带粪臭味为急性胆炎的临床表现。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 54, | |
| "query": "咳嗽痰少，痰中带血或反复咯血，血色鲜红，口干咽燥，颧红，潮热盗汗，舌质红，脉细数。治疗应首选", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "桑杏汤", | |
| "B": "杏苏散", | |
| "C": "沙参麦冬汤", | |
| "D": "麦门冬汤", | |
| "E": "百合固金汤" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "E", | |
| "reason": "" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 55, | |
| "query": "被誉为“治痢要药”的药物是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "连翘", | |
| "B": "白头翁", | |
| "C": "土茯苓", | |
| "D": "蒲公英", | |
| "E": "板蓝根" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "连翘清热解毒,消肿散结,疏散风热，常用于痈肿疮毒,瘰疬痰核,故有“疮家圣药”之称。白头翁清热解毒，凉血止痢，被替为\"治痢要约" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 56, | |
| "query": "属呼吸系统疾病问诊内容的是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "呼吸困难", | |
| "B": "呕吐", | |
| "C": "腰痛", | |
| "D": "肌肉震额", | |
| "E": "腹泻" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "呼吸困难、咳嗽、咳痰、咯血和胸痛等是呼吸系统疾病最主要症它意味着HBV大部分已被清除或抑制、HBV生成减少,是传染性降低的一种表现。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 57, | |
| "query": "治疗热哮发作期，应首选", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "桑白皮汤", | |
| "B": "麻杏石甘汤", | |
| "C": "苏子降气汤", | |
| "D": "定喘汤", | |
| "E": "泻白散" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "热哮发作期,定喘汤宣肺平喘,清热化痰用于治疗哮喘证。喘证获热郁肺，应用清泄痰热的菜白皮汤。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 58, | |
| "query": "两地汤的组成药物有", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "白芍、生地黄、当归、麦门冬、沙参、枸杞子", | |
| "B": "白芍、当归、牡丹皮、川芎、牛膝、莪术", | |
| "C": "白芍、熟地黄、牡丹皮、黄柏、青蒿、茯苓", | |
| "D": "白芍、生地黄、地骨皮、麦门冬、玄参、阿胶", | |
| "E": "白芍、生地黄、当归、牡丹皮、沙参、茯苓" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "两地汤组成:生地黄、地骨皮、玄参、麦门冬、阿胶、白芍。温经汤(《妇人大全良方》)组成:当归、川芎、白芍、桂心、牡丹皮、莪术、人参、甘草、牛膝。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 59, | |
| "query": "被誉为“疮家圣药”的药物是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "连翘", | |
| "B": "白头翁", | |
| "C": "土茯苓", | |
| "D": "蒲公英", | |
| "E": "板蓝根" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "连翘清热解毒,消肿散结,疏散风热，常用于痈肿疮毒,瘰疬痰核,故有“疮家圣药”之称。白头翁清热解毒，凉血止痢，被替为\"治痢要约" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 60, | |
| "query": "属循环系统疾病问诊内容的是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "呼吸困难", | |
| "B": "呕吐", | |
| "C": "腰痛", | |
| "D": "肌肉震额", | |
| "E": "腹泻" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "呼吸困难、咳嗽、咳痰、咯血和胸痛等是呼吸系统疾病最主要症它意味着HBV大部分已被清除或抑制、HBV生成减少,是传染性降低的一种表现。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 61, | |
| "query": "治疗喘证痰热郁肺证，应首选", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "桑白皮汤", | |
| "B": "麻杏石甘汤", | |
| "C": "苏子降气汤", | |
| "D": "定喘汤", | |
| "E": "泻白散" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "热哮发作期,定喘汤宣肺平喘,清热化痰用于治疗哮喘证。喘证获热郁肺，应用清泄痰热的菜白皮汤。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 62, | |
| "query": "温经汤(《妇人大全良方》)的组成药物有", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "白芍、生地黄、当归、麦门冬、沙参、枸杞子", | |
| "B": "白芍、当归、牡丹皮、川芎、牛膝、莪术", | |
| "C": "白芍、熟地黄、牡丹皮、黄柏、青蒿、茯苓", | |
| "D": "白芍、生地黄、地骨皮、麦门冬、玄参、阿胶", | |
| "E": "白芍、生地黄、当归、牡丹皮、沙参、茯苓" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "两地汤组成:生地黄、地骨皮、玄参、麦门冬、阿胶、白芍。温经汤(《妇人大全良方》)组成:当归、川芎、白芍、桂心、牡丹皮、莪术、人参、甘草、牛膝。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 63, | |
| "query": "治疗烧烫伤，应选用", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "大黄", | |
| "B": "芦荟", | |
| "C": "番泻叶", | |
| "D": "甘遂", | |
| "E": "大戟" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "除泻下作用外,大黄可治疗血热吐衄、目赤咽痛、热毒疮疡、烧烫伤、瘀血诸证、湿热痢疾、黄疸、淋证。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 64, | |
| "query": "消瘦,两眼球突出,兴奋不安,呈惊忍貌,多见于", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "苦笑面容", | |
| "B": "伤寒面容", | |
| "C": "甲亢面容", | |
| "D": "二尖瓣面容", | |
| "E": "慢性病面容" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "苦笑面容发作时牙关紧闭,面肌痉挛,呈苦笑状,见于破伤风。伤寒面容表情淡漠,反应迟钝,呈无欲状态，见于肠伤寒、脑脊髓膜炎、脑炎等高热衰弱患者。甲亢面容表情惊愕,眼裂增大,眼球突出，目光闪烁,烦躁不安,兴奋易怒。二尖瓣面容面色晦暗,双颊紫红,口唇轻度紫绀,见于风湿性心脏病二尖瓣狭窄。慢性病面容神色憔悴,表情忧虑,面色灰暗或苍白,目光暗淡,见于慢性消耗性疾病,如恶性肿瘤、严重结核病等。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 65, | |
| "query": "心悸不论虚实均应酌情配伍的治法是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "镇心安神", | |
| "B": "补益心气", | |
| "C": "养血安神", | |
| "D": "益气活血", | |
| "E": "活血化瘀" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "心悸以心神不宁为病理特点,不论虚实均应镇惊安神。胸痹标实当活血通脉化瘀。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 66, | |
| "query": "月经先后无定期,经来量少,色淡暗,质稀,头晕耳鸣,腰骶酸痛。治疗应首选", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "固阴煎", | |
| "B": "六味地黄丸", | |
| "C": "大补元煎", | |
| "D": "左归丸", | |
| "E": "归肾丸" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "由题干经来量少色淡暗,质稀,头晕耳鸣,腰骶酸痛,辨证为月经先后无定期肾虚证。代表方药是固阴煎，由题干经乱无期,出血淋漓不尽,色鲜红,质稍稠,头晕耳鸣,腰膝酸软,辨证为崩漏肾阴证。代表方药左归丸。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 67, | |
| "query": "治疗热淋涩痛，应选用", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "大黄", | |
| "B": "芦荟", | |
| "C": "番泻叶", | |
| "D": "甘遂", | |
| "E": "大戟" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "除泻下作用外,大黄可治疗血热吐衄、目赤咽痛、热毒疮疡、烧烫伤、瘀血诸证、湿热痢疾、黄疸、淋证。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 68, | |
| "query": "两颧紫红,口唇紫绀,多见于", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "苦笑面容", | |
| "B": "伤寒面容", | |
| "C": "甲亢面容", | |
| "D": "二尖瓣面容", | |
| "E": "慢性病面容" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "苦笑面容发作时牙关紧闭,面肌痉挛,呈苦笑状,见于破伤风。伤寒面容表情淡漠,反应迟钝,呈无欲状态，见于肠伤寒、脑脊髓膜炎、脑炎等高热衰弱患者。甲亢面容表情惊愕,眼裂增大,眼球突出，目光闪烁,烦躁不安,兴奋易怒。二尖瓣面容面色晦暗,双颊紫红,口唇轻度紫绀,见于风湿性心脏病二尖瓣狭窄。慢性病面容神色憔悴,表情忧虑,面色灰暗或苍白,目光暗淡,见于慢性消耗性疾病,如恶性肿瘤、严重结核病等。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 69, | |
| "query": "针对胸痹标实证的治法是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "镇心安神", | |
| "B": "补益心气", | |
| "C": "养血安神", | |
| "D": "益气活血", | |
| "E": "活血化瘀" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "E", | |
| "reason": "心悸以心神不宁为病理特点,不论虚实均应镇惊安神。胸痹标实当活血通脉化瘀。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 70, | |
| "query": "经乱无期，出血淋漓不尽，色鲜红，质稍稠，头晕耳鸣，腰膝酸软。治疗应首选", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "固阴煎", | |
| "B": "六味地黄丸", | |
| "C": "大补元煎", | |
| "D": "左归丸", | |
| "E": "归肾丸" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "由题干经来量少色淡暗,质稀,头晕耳鸣,腰骶酸痛,辨证为月经先后无定期肾虚证。代表方药是固阴煎，由题干经乱无期,出血淋漓不尽,色鲜红,质稍稠,头晕耳鸣,腰膝酸软,辨证为崩漏肾阴证。代表方药左归丸。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 71, | |
| "query": "既能祛风湿，又能温经止痛的药物是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "独活", | |
| "B": "秦艽", | |
| "C": "防己", | |
| "D": "狗脊", | |
| "E": "川乌" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "E", | |
| "reason": "秦艽祛风湿，通络止痛，退虚热，清湿热。川乌祛风湿，温经止痛。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 72, | |
| "query": "胰头癌引起梗阻性黄疸,可见", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "墨菲征(Murphy)阳性", | |
| "B": "麦氏点压痛", | |
| "C": "库瓦济埃征(Courvoisier)阳性", | |
| "D": "库瓦济埃征(Courvoisier)阴性", | |
| "E": "板状腹" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "墨菲征阳性可见于急性胆囊炎。麦氏点压痛多见于急性阑尾炎，库瓦济埃征阳性见于胰腺肿瘤或胰腺囊肿,胆管下端癌时,因胆总管阻塞,使黄疽明显加深肝和胆囊因胆汁淤积而肿大，胆囊常可触及，但无压痛。板状腹见于腹膜炎。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 73, | |
| "query": "惊悸，临床上多见于", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "热证", | |
| "B": "表证", | |
| "C": "实证", | |
| "D": "虚证", | |
| "E": "寒证" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "惊悸多与情绪有关,骤然惊忍,忧思恼怒,悲哀紧张过极引发,阵发性,实证居多。怔忡多由久病体虚、心脏受损所致,无精神因素也发生,常持续心悸，不能控制,较惊悸为重。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 74, | |
| "query": "治疗月经过少血瘀证，应首选", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "滋血汤", | |
| "B": "归肾丸", | |
| "C": "桃红四物汤", | |
| "D": "乌药汤", | |
| "E": "苍附导痰丸" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "治疗月经过少血瘀证，应首选桃红四物汤;治疗月经过少痰湿证，应首选苍附导痰丸。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 75, | |
| "query": "既能祛风湿，又能退虚热的药物是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "独活", | |
| "B": "秦艽", | |
| "C": "防己", | |
| "D": "狗脊", | |
| "E": "川乌" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "秦艽祛风湿，通络止痛，退虚热，清湿热。川乌祛风湿，温经止痛。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 76, | |
| "query": "急性胆囊炎,可见", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "墨菲征(Murphy)阳性", | |
| "B": "麦氏点压痛", | |
| "C": "库瓦济埃征(Courvoisier)阳性", | |
| "D": "库瓦济埃征(Courvoisier)阴性", | |
| "E": "板状腹" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "墨菲征阳性可见于急性胆囊炎。麦氏点压痛多见于急性阑尾炎，库瓦济埃征阳性见于胰腺肿瘤或胰腺囊肿,胆管下端癌时,因胆总管阻塞,使黄疽明显加深肝和胆囊因胆汁淤积而肿大，胆囊常可触及，但无压痛。板状腹见于腹膜炎。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 77, | |
| "query": "怔忡，临床上多见于", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "热证", | |
| "B": "表证", | |
| "C": "实证", | |
| "D": "虚证", | |
| "E": "寒证" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "惊悸多与情绪有关,骤然惊忍,忧思恼怒,悲哀紧张过极引发,阵发性,实证居多。怔忡多由久病体虚、心脏受损所致,无精神因素也发生,常持续心悸，不能控制,较惊悸为重。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 78, | |
| "query": "治疗月经过少痰湿证，应首选", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "滋血汤", | |
| "B": "归肾丸", | |
| "C": "桃红四物汤", | |
| "D": "乌药汤", | |
| "E": "苍附导痰丸" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "E", | |
| "reason": "治疗月经过少血瘀证，应首选桃红四物汤;治疗月经过少痰湿证，应首选苍附导痰丸。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 79, | |
| "query": "具有利湿退黄,解毒消肿功效的药物是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "茵陈", | |
| "B": "革游", | |
| "C": "虎杖", | |
| "D": "地肤子", | |
| "E": "金钱草" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "E", | |
| "reason": "虎杖利湿退黄，清热解毒,散瘀止痛,化痰止咳,泻热通便。金钱草利湿退黄,利尿通淋,解毒消肿。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 80, | |
| "query": "支气管扩张,常表现为", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "指关节梭状畸形", | |
| "B": "杵状指", | |
| "C": "匙状甲", | |
| "D": "浮髌现象", | |
| "E": "肢端肥大" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "指关节梭状畸形多见于类风湿关节炎。杵状指可见于先天性心脏病、细菌性心内膜炎、呼吸系统疾患、内分泌障碍、肝病及缺铁性贫血;而主动脉的动脉瘤侧锁骨下动脉瘤、腋窝动脉闭塞及一侧神经丛麻痹等疾病则常伴有单侧杵状病发生。匙状甲常见于缺铁性贫血,偶见于风湿热、甲癖等浮髌现象见于各种原因引起的膝关节腔大量积液。肢端肥大见于青春期发育成熟后，腺垂体功能亢进,生长激素分泌过多引起的肢端肥大症。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 81, | |
| "query": "胸痹气阴两虚证，其临床特点是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "胸部刺痛，入夜尤甚", | |
| "B": "胸闷隐痛，时作时止", | |
| "C": "胸闷如窒，气短喘促", | |
| "D": "胸闷气短，畏寒肢冷", | |
| "E": "胸痛彻背，感寒痛甚" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "胸痹气阴两虚证，可见胸闷隐痛,时作时止;胸痹阴寒凝潜证，可见胸痛彻背,感寒痛甚。先辨实,再辨寒热，" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 82, | |
| "query": "治疗经间期出血肾阴虚证,应首选", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "两地汤", | |
| "B": "逐瘀止血汤", | |
| "C": "清肝止淋汤", | |
| "D": "清热固经汤", | |
| "E": "燥湿化痰汤" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "治疗经期出血肾阴虚证,应首选两地汤;治疗经间期出血湿热证，应首选清肝止淋汤。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 83, | |
| "query": "具有利湿退黄,散瘀止痛功效的药物是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "茵陈", | |
| "B": "革游", | |
| "C": "虎杖", | |
| "D": "地肤子", | |
| "E": "金钱草" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "虎杖利湿退黄，清热解毒,散瘀止痛,化痰止咳,泻热通便。金钱草利湿退黄,利尿通淋,解毒消肿。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 84, | |
| "query": "类风湿关节炎,常表现为", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "指关节梭状畸形", | |
| "B": "杵状指", | |
| "C": "匙状甲", | |
| "D": "浮髌现象", | |
| "E": "肢端肥大" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "指关节梭状畸形多见于类风湿关节炎。杵状指可见于先天性心脏病、细菌性心内膜炎、呼吸系统疾患、内分泌障碍、肝病及缺铁性贫血;而主动脉的动脉瘤侧锁骨下动脉瘤、腋窝动脉闭塞及一侧神经丛麻痹等疾病则常伴有单侧杵状病发生。匙状甲常见于缺铁性贫血,偶见于风湿热、甲癖等浮髌现象见于各种原因引起的膝关节腔大量积液。肢端肥大见于青春期发育成熟后，腺垂体功能亢进,生长激素分泌过多引起的肢端肥大症。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 85, | |
| "query": "胸痹阴寒凝滞证，其临床特点是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "胸部刺痛，入夜尤甚", | |
| "B": "胸闷隐痛，时作时止", | |
| "C": "胸闷如窒，气短喘促", | |
| "D": "胸闷气短，畏寒肢冷", | |
| "E": "胸痛彻背，感寒痛甚" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "E", | |
| "reason": "胸痹气阴两虚证，可见胸闷隐痛,时作时止;胸痹阴寒凝潜证，可见胸痛彻背,感寒痛甚。先辨实,再辨寒热，" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 86, | |
| "query": "治疗经间期出血湿热证，应首选", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "两地汤", | |
| "B": "逐瘀止血汤", | |
| "C": "清肝止淋汤", | |
| "D": "清热固经汤", | |
| "E": "燥湿化痰汤" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "治疗经期出血肾阴虚证,应首选两地汤;治疗经间期出血湿热证，应首选清肝止淋汤。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 87, | |
| "query": "具有止痢功效的药物是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "白及", | |
| "B": "仙鹤草", | |
| "C": "棕榈炭", | |
| "D": "血余炭", | |
| "E": "炮姜" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "仙鹤草收敛止血，止痢,截疟,补,解毒杀虫。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 88, | |
| "query": "作为机体获得对HBV免疫力及乙型肝炎患者痊愈的指标是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "HBsAg(+)", | |
| "B": "抗-HBs(+)", | |
| "C": "HBeAg(+)", | |
| "D": "抗-HBc(+)", | |
| "E": "抗-HBe(+)" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "HBsAg及抗-HBs测定:HBsAg具有抗原性,不具有传染性。HBsAg是感染HBV的标志,其多少与HBV的生成量相平行。抗-HBs阳性,见于注射过乙型肝炎疫苗或曾感染过HBV,目前HBV已被清除者,对HBV已有了免疫力。HBeAg阳性表示有HBV复制，传染性强。抗-HBe多见于HBeAg转阴的患者，它意味着HBV大部分已被清除或被抑制，HBV生成减少，是传染性降低的一种表现。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 89, | |
| "query": "治疗阴虚火旺之郁证，应首选", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "二阴煎", | |
| "B": "滋水清肝饮", | |
| "C": "天王补心丹", | |
| "D": "左归丸", | |
| "E": "黄连阿胶汤" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "郁证和不都可由阴虚火旺引起，但根据两者病机特点不同，郁证宜疏肝理气，开郁散结，故用滋水清肝饮，不寐宜养心安神定志,故用天王补心丹，其余选项虽也可滋阴降火，但是没有顾及两病病机的特点。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 90, | |
| "query": "崩漏虚热证的治法是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "滋阴清热,止血调经", | |
| "B": "清热凉血,止血调经", | |
| "C": "温肾固冲,止血调经", | |
| "D": "滋水益阴,止血调经", | |
| "E": "益气摄血,养血调经" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "崩漏成热证的治法是滋阴清热，止血调经;崩漏脾虚证的治法是益气摄血，养血调经。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 91, | |
| "query": "具有杀虫功效的药物是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "白及", | |
| "B": "仙鹤草", | |
| "C": "棕榈炭", | |
| "D": "血余炭", | |
| "E": "炮姜" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "仙鹤草收敛止血，止痢,截疟,补,解毒杀虫。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 92, | |
| "query": "HBV感染进人后期与传染减低的指标是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "HBsAg(+)", | |
| "B": "抗-HBs(+)", | |
| "C": "HBeAg(+)", | |
| "D": "抗-HBc(+)", | |
| "E": "抗-HBe(+)" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "E", | |
| "reason": "HBsAg及抗-HBs测定:HBsAg具有抗原性,不具有传染性。HBsAg是感染HBV的标志,其多少与HBV的生成量相平行。抗-HBs阳性,见于注射过乙型肝炎疫苗或曾感染过HBV,目前HBV已被清除者,对HBV已有了免疫力。HBeAg阳性表示有HBV复制，传染性强。抗-HBe多见于HBeAg转阴的患者，它意味着HBV大部分已被清除或被抑制，HBV生成减少，是传染性降低的一种表现。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 93, | |
| "query": "治疗阴虚火旺之不寐，应首选", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "二阴煎", | |
| "B": "滋水清肝饮", | |
| "C": "天王补心丹", | |
| "D": "左归丸", | |
| "E": "黄连阿胶汤" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "郁证和不都可由阴虚火旺引起，但根据两者病机特点不同，郁证宜疏肝理气，开郁散结，故用滋水清肝饮，不寐宜养心安神定志,故用天王补心丹，其余选项虽也可滋阴降火，但是没有顾及两病病机的特点。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 94, | |
| "query": "崩漏脾虚证的治法是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "滋阴清热,止血调经", | |
| "B": "清热凉血,止血调经", | |
| "C": "温肾固冲,止血调经", | |
| "D": "滋水益阴,止血调经", | |
| "E": "益气摄血,养血调经" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "E", | |
| "reason": "崩漏成热证的治法是滋阴清热，止血调经;崩漏脾虚证的治法是益气摄血，养血调经。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 95, | |
| "query": "上述佐助药含义的表述,正确的是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "针对主病或主证起主要治疗作用", | |
| "B": "针对重要的兼病或兼证起主要治疗作用", | |
| "C": "针对次要兼证起直接治疗作用", | |
| "D": "消减或制约君、臣药的毒性和峻烈之性", | |
| "E": "防止病重邪甚时药病格拒" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "A项为君药作用,B项为臣药作用,C项为佐药的佐助作用，D项为佐药的佐制作用,E项为佐药的反佐作用。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 96, | |
| "query": "慢性支气管炎与肺结核的主要鉴别依据是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "发热", | |
| "B": "咳嗽", | |
| "C": "咯血", | |
| "D": "肺部啰音", | |
| "E": "痰液检查" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "慢性支气管炎的主要临床表现为咳嗽、咳痰,痰中可有血丝,但很少发生咯血。肺结核当肺部病变发展有组织坏死、空洞形成时,可有血痰、略血,故131顾洗C。肺癌表现为发热、咳嗽、咳痰、咯血、胸痛等。肺癌的痰液检查可检出癌细胞，而慢性支气管炎癌细胞检查阴性,故132题选E:" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 97, | |
| "query": "患者喧扰不宁，躁妄打骂，动而多怒，其诊断是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "癫证", | |
| "B": "狂证", | |
| "C": "痫证", | |
| "D": "痉证", | |
| "E": "中风" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "癍属阴,狂属阳。疯病多虚,以沉默痴呆,语无伦次,静而多喜为特征。狂证多实,以喧扰不宁,躁妄打骂,动而多怒为特征。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 98, | |
| "query": "痛经气滞血瘀证的治法是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "理气化瘀止痛", | |
| "B": "温经暖宫止痛", | |
| "C": "益气养血止痛", | |
| "D": "清热除湿,化瘀止痛", | |
| "E": "益肾养肝止痛" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "痛经气滞血瘀证的治法是理气化瘀止痛;痛经气血虚弱证的治法是益气养血止痛。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 99, | |
| "query": "上述反佐药含义的表述，正确的是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "针对主病或主证起主要治疗作用", | |
| "B": "针对重要的兼病或兼证起主要治疗作用", | |
| "C": "针对次要兼证起直接治疗作用", | |
| "D": "消减或制约君、臣药的毒性和峻烈之性", | |
| "E": "防止病重邪甚时药病格拒" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "E", | |
| "reason": "A项为君药作用,B项为臣药作用,C项为佐药的佐助作用，D项为佐药的佐制作用,E项为佐药的反佐作用。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 100, | |
| "query": "慢性支气管炎与肺瘤的主要鉴别依据是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "发热", | |
| "B": "咳嗽", | |
| "C": "咯血", | |
| "D": "肺部啰音", | |
| "E": "痰液检查" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "E", | |
| "reason": "慢性支气管炎的主要临床表现为咳嗽、咳痰,痰中可有血丝,但很少发生咯血。肺结核当肺部病变发展有组织坏死、空洞形成时,可有血痰、略血,故131顾洗C。肺癌表现为发热、咳嗽、咳痰、咯血、胸痛等。肺癌的痰液检查可检出癌细胞，而慢性支气管炎癌细胞检查阴性,故132题选E:" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 101, | |
| "query": "患者沉默痴呆，语无伦次，静而多喜，其诊断是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "癫证", | |
| "B": "狂证", | |
| "C": "痫证", | |
| "D": "痉证", | |
| "E": "中风" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "癍属阴,狂属阳。疯病多虚,以沉默痴呆,语无伦次,静而多喜为特征。狂证多实,以喧扰不宁,躁妄打骂,动而多怒为特征。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 102, | |
| "query": "痛经气血虚弱证的治法是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "理气化瘀止痛", | |
| "B": "温经暖宫止痛", | |
| "C": "益气养血止痛", | |
| "D": "清热除湿,化瘀止痛", | |
| "E": "益肾养肝止痛" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "痛经气滞血瘀证的治法是理气化瘀止痛;痛经气血虚弱证的治法是益气养血止痛。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 103, | |
| "query": "小青龙汤的组成药物中含有", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "黄连", | |
| "B": "杏仁", | |
| "C": "细辛", | |
| "D": "熟地黄", | |
| "E": "石膏" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "小青龙汤的组成:麻黄、芍药、细辛、干姜、炙甘草,桂枝、五味子半夏。九味羌活汤的组成:羌活、防风、苍术细辛、川川芎、香白芷、生地黄、黄苓、甘草。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 104, | |
| "query": "支气管哮喘的临床表现是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "长期、反复咳嗽、咳痰", | |
| "B": "反复咳嗽、咳痰,喘息,并伴有哮鸣音", | |
| "C": "咳嗽、咳痰,伴长期午后低热,消瘦，盗汗", | |
| "D": "发作性带哮鸣音的呼气性呼吸困难", | |
| "E": "夜间熟睡后突然憋醒,伴咳嗽、咳痰" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "支气管哮喘为发作性伴有哮鸣音的呼气性呼吸困难或发作性胸闷和咳嗽。喘息型慢性支气管炎多见于中老年人,有慢性咳嗽史,喘息常年存在。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 105, | |
| "query": "治疗痴呆髓海不足证，应首选", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "七福饮", | |
| "B": "还少丹", | |
| "C": "转呆丹", | |
| "D": "知柏地黄丸", | |
| "E": "河车大造丸" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "痴呆髓海不足用七福饮补肾益髓,填精养神。脾肾两虚用还少丹温补脾肾。肾阴虚火旺用知柏地黄丸。肾阴不足用河车大造丸滋阴补肾" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 106, | |
| "query": "首先将温病学说引进外科领域的是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "汪机", | |
| "B": "高锦庭", | |
| "C": "陈实功", | |
| "D": "王洪绪", | |
| "E": "吴师机" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "高锦庭的《疡科心得集》揭示了外科病因的一般规律,立论以鉴别诊断为主,并将温病三焦辨证学说融合于疡科的辨证施治之中,王洪绪的《外科全生集》创立了以阴阳为主的辨证论治法则。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 107, | |
| "query": "九味羌活汤的组成药物中含有", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "黄连", | |
| "B": "杏仁", | |
| "C": "细辛", | |
| "D": "熟地黄", | |
| "E": "石膏" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "小青龙汤的组成:麻黄、芍药、细辛、干姜、炙甘草,桂枝、五味子半夏。九味羌活汤的组成:羌活、防风、苍术细辛、川川芎、香白芷、生地黄、黄苓、甘草。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 108, | |
| "query": "慢性支气管炎喘息型的临床表现是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "长期、反复咳嗽、咳痰", | |
| "B": "反复咳嗽、咳痰,喘息,并伴有哮鸣音", | |
| "C": "咳嗽、咳痰,伴长期午后低热,消瘦，盗汗", | |
| "D": "发作性带哮鸣音的呼气性呼吸困难", | |
| "E": "夜间熟睡后突然憋醒,伴咳嗽、咳痰" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "支气管哮喘为发作性伴有哮鸣音的呼气性呼吸困难或发作性胸闷和咳嗽。喘息型慢性支气管炎多见于中老年人,有慢性咳嗽史,喘息常年存在。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 109, | |
| "query": "治疗痴呆脾肾两虚证，应首选", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "七福饮", | |
| "B": "还少丹", | |
| "C": "转呆丹", | |
| "D": "知柏地黄丸", | |
| "E": "河车大造丸" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "痴呆髓海不足用七福饮补肾益髓,填精养神。脾肾两虚用还少丹温补脾肾。肾阴虚火旺用知柏地黄丸。肾阴不足用河车大造丸滋阴补肾" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 110, | |
| "query": "创立了以阴阳为主的辨证论治法则的是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "汪机", | |
| "B": "高锦庭", | |
| "C": "陈实功", | |
| "D": "王洪绪", | |
| "E": "吴师机" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "高锦庭的《疡科心得集》揭示了外科病因的一般规律,立论以鉴别诊断为主,并将温病三焦辨证学说融合于疡科的辨证施治之中,王洪绪的《外科全生集》创立了以阴阳为主的辨证论治法则。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 111, | |
| "query": "麻子仁丸主治的是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "食积便秘", | |
| "B": "血虚便秘", | |
| "C": "气虚便秘", | |
| "D": "脾约便秘", | |
| "E": "冷积便秘" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "麻子仁丸主治胃肠燥热,脾约便秘证。大黄附子汤的主治证候为阳虚寒结,腹痛便秘。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 112, | |
| "query": "左心衰竭时最早出现和最重要的症状是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "呼吸困难", | |
| "B": "咳嗽", | |
| "C": "咯血", | |
| "D": "下垂性凹陷性水肿", | |
| "E": "紫绀" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "左心衰竭指左心室代偿功能不全而发生的心力衰竭，以肺循环淤血及心排血量降低表现为主，呼吸困难是其最早和最重要的症状，故135题选A。右心衰竭主要见于肺源性心脏病及某些先天性心脏病:以体循环淤血为主要表现，身体最低垂部位的对称性可压陷性水肿是其典型体征，故136题选D。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 113, | |
| "query": "患者突然昏倒，不知人事，呼吸气粗，口噤握拳，舌苔薄白，脉伏，其证候是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "气厥实证", | |
| "B": "气厥虚证", | |
| "C": "血厥实证", | |
| "D": "血厥虚证", | |
| "E": "痰厥" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "气只有气机逆乱,实证特点是口噤握拳,呼吸气粗，虚证特点是面白肢冷，呼吸微弱。血厥还有血笼于上，实证表现为面赤唇紫，头晕胀痛，患证表现为口唇不华,四肢震额，" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 114, | |
| "query": "以部位命名的是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "发", | |
| "B": "背疽", | |
| "C": "肠痈", | |
| "D": "烂疔", | |
| "E": "委中毒" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "以部位命名者，如颈痈、脐痈、乳痈、背疽、手发背;以疾病特性命名者,如烂疗、流注、湿疮等。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 115, | |
| "query": "大黄附子汤主治的是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "食积便秘", | |
| "B": "血虚便秘", | |
| "C": "气虚便秘", | |
| "D": "脾约便秘", | |
| "E": "冷积便秘" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "E", | |
| "reason": "麻子仁丸主治胃肠燥热,脾约便秘证。大黄附子汤的主治证候为阳虚寒结,腹痛便秘。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 116, | |
| "query": "右心衰竭时典型的体征是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "呼吸困难", | |
| "B": "咳嗽", | |
| "C": "咯血", | |
| "D": "下垂性凹陷性水肿", | |
| "E": "紫绀" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "左心衰竭指左心室代偿功能不全而发生的心力衰竭，以肺循环淤血及心排血量降低表现为主，呼吸困难是其最早和最重要的症状，故135题选A。右心衰竭主要见于肺源性心脏病及某些先天性心脏病:以体循环淤血为主要表现，身体最低垂部位的对称性可压陷性水肿是其典型体征，故136题选D。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 117, | |
| "query": "患者突然眩晕昏仆，面色苍白，呼吸微弱，汗出肢冷，舌淡，脉沉细微，其证候是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "气厥实证", | |
| "B": "气厥虚证", | |
| "C": "血厥实证", | |
| "D": "血厥虚证", | |
| "E": "痰厥" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "气只有气机逆乱,实证特点是口噤握拳,呼吸气粗，虚证特点是面白肢冷，呼吸微弱。血厥还有血笼于上，实证表现为面赤唇紫，头晕胀痛，患证表现为口唇不华,四肢震额，" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 118, | |
| "query": "以疾病特性命名的是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "发", | |
| "B": "背疽", | |
| "C": "肠痈", | |
| "D": "烂疔", | |
| "E": "委中毒" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "以部位命名者，如颈痈、脐痈、乳痈、背疽、手发背;以疾病特性命名者,如烂疗、流注、湿疮等。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 119, | |
| "query": "大柴胡汤中配伍大黄的主要意义是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "内泻热结", | |
| "B": "活血祛瘀", | |
| "C": "和解清热", | |
| "D": "泻火除湿", | |
| "E": "缓急止痛" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "大柴胡汤中轻用大黄配枳实以内泻阳明热结,行气消痞，亦为臣药。芍药柔肝缓急止痛，与大黄相配可治腹中实痛。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 120, | |
| "query": "风心病最常见的并发症是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "呼吸道感染", | |
| "B": "心力衰竭", | |
| "C": "心律不齐", | |
| "D": "亚急性感染性心内膜炎", | |
| "E": "栓塞" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "风心病多累及多个瓣膜的病变,病情发展缓慢，且常年受风湿病的困扰，患者逐渐出现抵抗力下降,容易发生感染,感染一旦控制不理想则会出现感染性心内膜炎。当患者瓣膜病变严重时,影响血流动力学和心腔的压力,加重心脏负荷，则会并发心功能不全、心力衰竭、心律不齐、肺水肿、呼吸道感染等,而风心病二尖瓣狭窄伴房颤对左房血流影响甚大，会导致血流缓慢，形成涡流血液瘀滞,血栓形成,脱落后造成栓塞" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 121, | |
| "query": "胃痛暴作，畏寒喜暖，脘腹得温则痛减，口不渴，喜热饮，舌苔薄白，脉弦紧，其治法是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "健脾化湿", | |
| "B": "温中健脾", | |
| "C": "温中补肾", | |
| "D": "散寒止痛", | |
| "E": "散寒除湿" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "胃痛有风寒外袭，胃中气滞的实寒,症见胃痛暴作,畏寒喜暖,脘腹得温则痛减,舌苔薄白,脉弦紧,治宜散寒止痛。有脾胃阳气不足的虚寒，症见胃痛隐隐，喜温喜按,空腹痛甚,得食痛减,泛吐清水,神疲乏力,大便溏薄,舌淡苔白,脉迟缓,治宜温中健脾。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 122, | |
| "query": "疫疔的致病因素,属", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "外感六淫邪毒", | |
| "B": "外来伤害", | |
| "C": "情志内伤", | |
| "D": "饮食不节", | |
| "E": "感受特殊之毒" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "E", | |
| "reason": "特殊之毒包括虫毒、蛇毒、疯犬毒、毒、药毒、食物毒和疫毒、无名毒。至于肿瘤的发病，更与情志内伤有关。朱丹溪认为乳岩是由于“忧怒郁闷,朝夕积累,脾气消阻,肝气横逆”所致失荣之病。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 123, | |
| "query": "大柴胡汤中配伍芍药的主要意义是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "内泻热结", | |
| "B": "活血祛瘀", | |
| "C": "和解清热", | |
| "D": "泻火除湿", | |
| "E": "缓急止痛" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "E", | |
| "reason": "大柴胡汤中轻用大黄配枳实以内泻阳明热结,行气消痞，亦为臣药。芍药柔肝缓急止痛，与大黄相配可治腹中实痛。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 124, | |
| "query": "风心病二尖瓣狭窄伴房颤最易出现", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "呼吸道感染", | |
| "B": "心力衰竭", | |
| "C": "心律不齐", | |
| "D": "亚急性感染性心内膜炎", | |
| "E": "栓塞" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "E", | |
| "reason": "风心病多累及多个瓣膜的病变,病情发展缓慢，且常年受风湿病的困扰，患者逐渐出现抵抗力下降,容易发生感染,感染一旦控制不理想则会出现感染性心内膜炎。当患者瓣膜病变严重时,影响血流动力学和心腔的压力,加重心脏负荷，则会并发心功能不全、心力衰竭、心律不齐、肺水肿、呼吸道感染等,而风心病二尖瓣狭窄伴房颤对左房血流影响甚大，会导致血流缓慢，形成涡流血液瘀滞,血栓形成,脱落后造成栓塞" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 125, | |
| "query": "胃痛隐隐，喜温喜按，空腹痛甚，得食痛减，泛吐清水，神疲乏力，大便溏薄，舌淡苔白，脉迟缓，其治法是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "健脾化湿", | |
| "B": "温中健脾", | |
| "C": "温中补肾", | |
| "D": "散寒止痛", | |
| "E": "散寒除湿" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "胃痛有风寒外袭，胃中气滞的实寒,症见胃痛暴作,畏寒喜暖,脘腹得温则痛减,舌苔薄白,脉弦紧,治宜散寒止痛。有脾胃阳气不足的虚寒，症见胃痛隐隐，喜温喜按,空腹痛甚,得食痛减,泛吐清水,神疲乏力,大便溏薄,舌淡苔白,脉迟缓,治宜温中健脾。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 126, | |
| "query": "乳岩的致病因素,属", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "外感六淫邪毒", | |
| "B": "外来伤害", | |
| "C": "情志内伤", | |
| "D": "饮食不节", | |
| "E": "感受特殊之毒" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "特殊之毒包括虫毒、蛇毒、疯犬毒、毒、药毒、食物毒和疫毒、无名毒。至于肿瘤的发病，更与情志内伤有关。朱丹溪认为乳岩是由于“忧怒郁闷,朝夕积累,脾气消阻,肝气横逆”所致失荣之病。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 127, | |
| "query": "组成药物中不含黄连的方剂是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "枳实导滞丸", | |
| "B": "普济消毒饮", | |
| "C": "龙胆泻肝汤", | |
| "D": "芍药汤", | |
| "E": "清营汤" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "龙胆泻肝汤组成:龙胆草、黄苓、栀子、泽泻、木通、当归、生地黄柴胡、生甘草、车前子。清营汤组成:角(水牛角代)、生地黄、玄参、竹叶心、麦门冬、丹参黄连、金银花、连翘。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 128, | |
| "query": "急性心肌梗死心肌损伤的心电图改变是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "ST段下移", | |
| "B": "ST段明显上抬，呈弓背向上的单向曲线", | |
| "C": "T波倒置", | |
| "D": "T波高耸", | |
| "E": "异常深而宽的Q波" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 129, | |
| "query": "行于下肢外侧前线的经脉是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "足少阳胆经", | |
| "B": "足少阴肾经", | |
| "C": "足厥阴肝经", | |
| "D": "足阳明胃经", | |
| "E": "足太阴脾经" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "足三阳经在下肢的分布是足阳明胃经在前线，足少阳胆经在中线,足太阳膀胱经在后线，" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 130, | |
| "query": "形成瘤的主要病机是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "邪气偏盛", | |
| "B": "阴阳失调", | |
| "C": "阴毒结聚", | |
| "D": "正气不足", | |
| "E": "经络阻塞" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "邪气偏盛是形成瘤的主要病机，正气不足是形成岩的主要病机。而阴阳失调、经络阻塞只是一般病的表浅症状。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 131, | |
| "query": "组成药物中不含黄苓的方剂是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "枳实导滞丸", | |
| "B": "普济消毒饮", | |
| "C": "龙胆泻肝汤", | |
| "D": "芍药汤", | |
| "E": "清营汤" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "E", | |
| "reason": "龙胆泻肝汤组成:龙胆草、黄苓、栀子、泽泻、木通、当归、生地黄柴胡、生甘草、车前子。清营汤组成:角(水牛角代)、生地黄、玄参、竹叶心、麦门冬、丹参黄连、金银花、连翘。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 132, | |
| "query": "急性心肌梗死心肌坏死的心电图改变是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "ST段下移", | |
| "B": "ST段明显上抬，呈弓背向上的单向曲线", | |
| "C": "T波倒置", | |
| "D": "T波高耸", | |
| "E": "异常深而宽的Q波" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "E", | |
| "reason": "" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 133, | |
| "query": "行于下肢外侧中线的经脉是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "足少阳胆经", | |
| "B": "足少阴肾经", | |
| "C": "足厥阴肝经", | |
| "D": "足阳明胃经", | |
| "E": "足太阴脾经" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "足三阳经在下肢的分布是足阳明胃经在前线，足少阳胆经在中线,足太阳膀胱经在后线，" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 134, | |
| "query": "形成岩的主要病机是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "邪气偏盛", | |
| "B": "阴阳失调", | |
| "C": "阴毒结聚", | |
| "D": "正气不足", | |
| "E": "经络阻塞" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "邪气偏盛是形成瘤的主要病机，正气不足是形成岩的主要病机。而阴阳失调、经络阻塞只是一般病的表浅症状。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 135, | |
| "query": "有清骨蒸潮热作用的方剂是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "清骨散", | |
| "B": "知柏地黄丸", | |
| "C": "清营汤", | |
| "D": "黄连解毒汤", | |
| "E": "五味消毒饮" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "清骨散清虚热,退骨热。清营汤清营解毒,透热养阴。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 136, | |
| "query": "慢性肾小球肾炎高血压型的主要特点是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "轻度水肿", | |
| "B": "大量蛋白尿", | |
| "C": "中度以上高血压", | |
| "D": "肾衰竭", | |
| "E": "贫血" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "慢性肾小球肾炎系指各种病因引起的不同病理类型的双侧肾小球弥漫性或局灶性炎症改变,临床起病隐匿，病程冗长,病情多发展缓慢的一组原发性肾小球疾病的总称。高血压型:以持续性中等度血压增高为主要表现，特别是舒张压持续增高常伴有眼底视网膜动脉细窄、迂曲和动、静脉交叉压迫现象,少数可有絮状渗出物和(或)出血。病理以局灶节段肾小球硬化和弥漫性增殖为多见,或晚期不能定型或多有肾小球硬化表现。肾病型:部分患者可表现为肾病性大量蛋白尿,病理以微小病变型肾病、膜性肾病、膜增生性肾炎、局灶性肾小球硬化等为多见。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 137, | |
| "query": "至目外眦，转入耳中的经脉是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "足阳明胃经", | |
| "B": "足少阳胆经", | |
| "C": "足太阳膀胱经", | |
| "D": "手少阳三焦经", | |
| "E": "手太阳小肠经" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "E", | |
| "reason": "足阳明胃经起于鼻,上齿，环口挟唇,循喉咙;足少阳胆经起于目外眦，下耳后，人耳中,出耳前;足太阳膀胱经起于目内眦,至耳上角，人络脑;手少阳三焦经系耳后,出耳上角,人耳中,至目外眦;手太阳小肠经循喉,至目外眦,人耳中,抵鼻" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 138, | |
| "query": "疼痛而皮色不红、不热,得暖则痛缓,其痛的原因是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "热", | |
| "B": "寒", | |
| "C": "风", | |
| "D": "气", | |
| "E": "虚" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "寒痛皮色不红，不热,酸痛,得温则痛缓。气痛疼痛无常,时感抽掣,喜缓怒甚。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 139, | |
| "query": "有清血分之热作用的方剂是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "清骨散", | |
| "B": "知柏地黄丸", | |
| "C": "清营汤", | |
| "D": "黄连解毒汤", | |
| "E": "五味消毒饮" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "清骨散清虚热,退骨热。清营汤清营解毒,透热养阴。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 140, | |
| "query": "慢性肾小球肾炎肾病型的主要特点是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "轻度水肿", | |
| "B": "大量蛋白尿", | |
| "C": "中度以上高血压", | |
| "D": "肾衰竭", | |
| "E": "贫血" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "慢性肾小球肾炎系指各种病因引起的不同病理类型的双侧肾小球弥漫性或局灶性炎症改变,临床起病隐匿，病程冗长,病情多发展缓慢的一组原发性肾小球疾病的总称。高血压型:以持续性中等度血压增高为主要表现，特别是舒张压持续增高常伴有眼底视网膜动脉细窄、迂曲和动、静脉交叉压迫现象,少数可有絮状渗出物和(或)出血。病理以局灶节段肾小球硬化和弥漫性增殖为多见,或晚期不能定型或多有肾小球硬化表现。肾病型:部分患者可表现为肾病性大量蛋白尿,病理以微小病变型肾病、膜性肾病、膜增生性肾炎、局灶性肾小球硬化等为多见。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 141, | |
| "query": "“起于目外眦……下行耳后”的经脉是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "足阳明胃经", | |
| "B": "足少阳胆经", | |
| "C": "足太阳膀胱经", | |
| "D": "手少阳三焦经", | |
| "E": "手太阳小肠经" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "足阳明胃经起于鼻,上齿，环口挟唇,循喉咙;足少阳胆经起于目外眦，下耳后，人耳中,出耳前;足太阳膀胱经起于目内眦,至耳上角，人络脑;手少阳三焦经系耳后,出耳上角,人耳中,至目外眦;手太阳小肠经循喉,至目外眦,人耳中,抵鼻" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 142, | |
| "query": "疼痛无常,时感抽掣,喜缓怒甚,其痛的原因是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "热", | |
| "B": "寒", | |
| "C": "风", | |
| "D": "气", | |
| "E": "虚" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "寒痛皮色不红，不热,酸痛,得温则痛缓。气痛疼痛无常,时感抽掣,喜缓怒甚。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 143, | |
| "query": "香薷散的功用是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "祛暑解表,化湿和中", | |
| "B": "祛暑解表,清热化湿", | |
| "C": "清暑解表,化气利湿", | |
| "D": "清暑化湿，理气和中", | |
| "E": "祛暑化湿,健脾和中" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "香薷散祛暑解表:化湿和中，用于阴暑,方剂偏温;新加香饮祛暑解表,清热化湿，用于暑温夹湿,复感于寒方剂偏源。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 144, | |
| "query": "“无恒德者,不可以作医,人命死生之系”出自的著作是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "《省心录·论医》", | |
| "B": "《备急千金要方》", | |
| "C": "《外科正宗》", | |
| "D": "《本草纲目》", | |
| "E": "《迈蒙尼提斯祷文》" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "“无恒德者,不可以作医,人命死生之系”出自的著作是《省心录论医》。“启我爱医术,复爱世间人，愿绝名利心,尽力为患者,无分爱与憎,不问富与贫,凡诸疾病者，一视如同仁”出自的著作是古阿拉伯时期的《迈蒙尼提斯祷文》。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 145, | |
| "query": "曲池在五输穴中，属", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "井穴", | |
| "B": "荥穴", | |
| "C": "合穴", | |
| "D": "经穴", | |
| "E": "输穴" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "曲池穴是大肠经的合穴，太溪是肾经的输穴，" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 146, | |
| "query": "重证见声音响亮,不喘不咳,呼吸均匀，皮肤润泽,其辨证为", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "心善", | |
| "B": "肝善", | |
| "C": "脾普", | |
| "D": "肺善", | |
| "E": "肾善" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "肺善:声音响亮,不喘不咳,呼吸均匀,皮肤润泽。肾善:并无潮热,口和齿润,小便清长,夜卧安静。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 147, | |
| "query": "新加香薷饮的功用是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "祛暑解表,化湿和中", | |
| "B": "祛暑解表,清热化湿", | |
| "C": "清暑解表,化气利湿", | |
| "D": "清暑化湿，理气和中", | |
| "E": "祛暑化湿,健脾和中" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "香薷散祛暑解表:化湿和中，用于阴暑,方剂偏温;新加香饮祛暑解表,清热化湿，用于暑温夹湿,复感于寒方剂偏源。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 148, | |
| "query": "“肩我爱医术,复爱世间人,愿绝名利心,尽力为患者,无分爱与憎,不问富与贫,凡诸疾病者,一视如同仁”出自的著作是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "《省心录·论医》", | |
| "B": "《备急千金要方》", | |
| "C": "《外科正宗》", | |
| "D": "《本草纲目》", | |
| "E": "《迈蒙尼提斯祷文》" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "E", | |
| "reason": "“无恒德者,不可以作医,人命死生之系”出自的著作是《省心录论医》。“启我爱医术,复爱世间人，愿绝名利心,尽力为患者,无分爱与憎,不问富与贫,凡诸疾病者，一视如同仁”出自的著作是古阿拉伯时期的《迈蒙尼提斯祷文》。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 149, | |
| "query": "太溪在五输穴中，属", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "井穴", | |
| "B": "荥穴", | |
| "C": "合穴", | |
| "D": "经穴", | |
| "E": "输穴" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "E", | |
| "reason": "曲池穴是大肠经的合穴，太溪是肾经的输穴，" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 150, | |
| "query": "重证见口和齿润,小便清长,夜卧安静,并无潮热,其辨证为", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "心善", | |
| "B": "肝善", | |
| "C": "脾普", | |
| "D": "肺善", | |
| "E": "肾善" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "E", | |
| "reason": "肺善:声音响亮,不喘不咳,呼吸均匀,皮肤润泽。肾善:并无潮热,口和齿润,小便清长,夜卧安静。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 151, | |
| "query": "患者妊娠2个月。食少便软，面色萎白,语声低微,四肢乏力,舌质淡,脉细缓。治疗应首选", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "四物汤", | |
| "B": "归脾汤", | |
| "C": "当归补血汤", | |
| "D": "四君子汤", | |
| "E": "八珍汤" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "四君子汤最早出现记载于宋朝的“和剂局方”。而四君子汤就是使用人参、白术、茯苓及甘草这四种中药材。一般来说，它具有滋胃健脾、补阳益气的效果常应用于治疗慢性胃炎、胃及十二指肠溃疡、慢性肝炎、慢性肠胃炎、贫血、胃肠虚弱、食欲不振、呕吐、下痢、老人虚弱出血、四肢无力症痔疾、脱肛、半身不遂、遗尿症等证属脾胃气虚者。八珍汤最早出现记载于“正体类要”。八珍汤是由人参、白术、茯苓、甘草、当归、熟地黄、芍药及川芎。八珍汤能补气益血，主治气血两虚，面色苍白或萎黄，头昏眼花，四肢倦怠,气短懒言,食欲减退,疮疡溃后久不收口心悸怔忡,妇女月经不调,崩漏不止等" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 152, | |
| "query": "作为医学伦理学基本范畴的良心是指", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "医学关系中的主体在道义上应享有的权利和利益", | |
| "B": "医学关系中的主体在道义上应履行的职责和使命", | |
| "C": "医学关系的主体对应尽义务的自我认识和自我评价的能力", | |
| "D": "医学关系中的主体因履行道德职责受到褒奖而产生的自我赞赏", | |
| "E": "医学关系中的主体在医疗活动中对自已和他人关系的内心体验和感受" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "医学关系中的主体在道义上应享有的权利和利益属于权利。医学关系中的主体在道义上应履行的职责和使命属于义务。医学关系的主体对应尽义务的自我认识和自我评价的能力是指良心。医学关系中的主体因履行道德职责受到褒奖而产生的自我赞赏是指荣誉。医学关系中的主体在诊疗活动中对自己和他人关系的内心体验和感受是指情感" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 153, | |
| "query": "既是络穴，又是八脉交会穴的腧穴是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "太渊", | |
| "B": "合谷", | |
| "C": "后溪", | |
| "D": "内关", | |
| "E": "阳池" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "对原、络穴以及八脉交会穴的综合考查:太渊是肺经的原穴，且又是八脉交会穴;合谷是大肠经的原穴;后溪是八脉交会穴;内关是心包经的络穴，且又是八脉交会穴;阳池是三焦经的原穴。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 154, | |
| "query": "当小儿出现脾胃病时,应特别注意询问的是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "胎产史", | |
| "B": "喂养史", | |
| "C": "生长发育史", | |
| "D": "预防接种史", | |
| "E": "家族史" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "脾胃病多与饮食有关。传染病多与预防接种史有关。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 155, | |
| "query": "患者面色蒸黄,头晕目眩,四肢倦怠气短少言,心悸不安,食欲减退,舌淡苔白,脉细弱。治疗应首选", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "四物汤", | |
| "B": "归脾汤", | |
| "C": "当归补血汤", | |
| "D": "四君子汤", | |
| "E": "八珍汤" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "E", | |
| "reason": "四君子汤最早出现记载于宋朝的“和剂局方”。而四君子汤就是使用人参、白术、茯苓及甘草这四种中药材。一般来说，它具有滋胃健脾、补阳益气的效果常应用于治疗慢性胃炎、胃及十二指肠溃疡、慢性肝炎、慢性肠胃炎、贫血、胃肠虚弱、食欲不振、呕吐、下痢、老人虚弱出血、四肢无力症痔疾、脱肛、半身不遂、遗尿症等证属脾胃气虚者。八珍汤最早出现记载于“正体类要”。八珍汤是由人参、白术、茯苓、甘草、当归、熟地黄、芍药及川芎。八珍汤能补气益血，主治气血两虚，面色苍白或萎黄，头昏眼花，四肢倦怠,气短懒言,食欲减退,疮疡溃后久不收口心悸怔忡,妇女月经不调,崩漏不止等" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 156, | |
| "query": "作为医学伦理学基本范畴的情感是指", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "医学关系中的主体在道义上应享有的权利和利益", | |
| "B": "医学关系中的主体在道义上应履行的职责和使命", | |
| "C": "医学关系的主体对应尽义务的自我认识和自我评价的能力", | |
| "D": "医学关系中的主体因履行道德职责受到褒奖而产生的自我赞赏", | |
| "E": "医学关系中的主体在医疗活动中对自已和他人关系的内心体验和感受" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "E", | |
| "reason": "医学关系中的主体在道义上应享有的权利和利益属于权利。医学关系中的主体在道义上应履行的职责和使命属于义务。医学关系的主体对应尽义务的自我认识和自我评价的能力是指良心。医学关系中的主体因履行道德职责受到褒奖而产生的自我赞赏是指荣誉。医学关系中的主体在诊疗活动中对自己和他人关系的内心体验和感受是指情感" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 157, | |
| "query": "既是原穴，又是八会穴的腧穴是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "太渊", | |
| "B": "合谷", | |
| "C": "后溪", | |
| "D": "内关", | |
| "E": "阳池" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "对原、络穴以及八脉交会穴的综合考查:太渊是肺经的原穴，且又是八脉交会穴;合谷是大肠经的原穴;后溪是八脉交会穴;内关是心包经的络穴，且又是八脉交会穴;阳池是三焦经的原穴。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 158, | |
| "query": "需要与传染病监别时，应特别注意询问的是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "胎产史", | |
| "B": "喂养史", | |
| "C": "生长发育史", | |
| "D": "预防接种史", | |
| "E": "家族史" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "脾胃病多与饮食有关。传染病多与预防接种史有关。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 159, | |
| "query": "薄荷在逍遥散中的作用是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "疏散肺经风热", | |
| "B": "透达肝经郁热", | |
| "C": "辛凉散邪利咽", | |
| "D": "清利头目利咽", | |
| "E": "辛凉解表疏肝" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "逍遥散中薄荷的作用:疏肝解郁。养阴清肺汤中薄荷的作用辛凉疏解,散邪利咽" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 160, | |
| "query": "上述各项,涉及“公正”伦理问题的是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "有限的移植器官供体如何分配给需要者", | |
| "B": "有些器官移植是在亲属间进行的", | |
| "C": "用确认脑死亡患者的器官施行器官移植术", | |
| "D": "器官移植者的人格完整有待改善", | |
| "E": "器官移植的前景未达到全球的合作" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 161, | |
| "query": "手厥阴心包经的郄穴是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "地机", | |
| "B": "养老", | |
| "C": "中都", | |
| "D": "郄门", | |
| "E": "梁丘" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "手厥阴心包经的郄穴是郄门，足厥阴肝经的郄穴是中都" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 162, | |
| "query": "治疗肺炎喘嗽肺脾气虚证，应首选", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "人参五味子汤", | |
| "B": "沙参麦冬汤", | |
| "C": "参附龙牡救逆汤", | |
| "D": "四君子汤", | |
| "E": "玉屏风散" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "肺炎喘嗽后期阴虚肺热证用沙参表冬汤,肺脾气虚证用人参五味子汤,心阳虚衰证用参附龙牡救逆汤。顿咳恢复期肺阴耗损证用沙参麦冬汤,恢复期脾胃气虚证用人参五味子汤。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 163, | |
| "query": "薄荷在养阴清肺汤中的作用是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "疏散肺经风热", | |
| "B": "透达肝经郁热", | |
| "C": "辛凉散邪利咽", | |
| "D": "清利头目利咽", | |
| "E": "辛凉解表疏肝" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "逍遥散中薄荷的作用:疏肝解郁。养阴清肺汤中薄荷的作用辛凉疏解,散邪利咽" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 164, | |
| "query": "上述各项,符合“有利而不伤害”伦理原则的是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "有限的移植器官供体如何分配给需要者", | |
| "B": "有些器官移植是在亲属间进行的", | |
| "C": "用确认脑死亡患者的器官施行器官移植术", | |
| "D": "器官移植者的人格完整有待改善", | |
| "E": "器官移植的前景未达到全球的合作" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 165, | |
| "query": "足厥阴肝经的郄穴是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "地机", | |
| "B": "养老", | |
| "C": "中都", | |
| "D": "郄门", | |
| "E": "梁丘" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "手厥阴心包经的郄穴是郄门，足厥阴肝经的郄穴是中都" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 166, | |
| "query": "治疗顿咳恢复期脾胃虚证，应首选", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "人参五味子汤", | |
| "B": "沙参麦冬汤", | |
| "C": "参附龙牡救逆汤", | |
| "D": "四君子汤", | |
| "E": "玉屏风散" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "肺炎喘嗽后期阴虚肺热证用沙参表冬汤,肺脾气虚证用人参五味子汤,心阳虚衰证用参附龙牡救逆汤。顿咳恢复期肺阴耗损证用沙参麦冬汤,恢复期脾胃气虚证用人参五味子汤。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 167, | |
| "query": "外感风邪头痛、头风,治宜选用", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "消风散", | |
| "B": "二陈汤", | |
| "C": "川芎茶调散", | |
| "D": "天麻钩藤饮", | |
| "E": "半夏白术天麻汤" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "风寒头痛用川芎茶调散,痰油头痛用半夏白术天麻汤" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 168, | |
| "query": "药品所含成分的名称与国家药品标准或者省、自治区、直辖市药品标准规定不符合的是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "劣药", | |
| "B": "假药", | |
| "C": "保健药品", | |
| "D": "非处方药", | |
| "E": "特殊药品" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "B", | |
| "reason": "假药是指药品所含成分的名称与国家药品标准或者省、自治区、直辖市药品标准规定不符合。劣药是指药品成分的含量与国家药品标准或者省、自治区直辖市药品标准规定不符合。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 169, | |
| "query": "安眠穴位于", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "当翳风与风池穴连线的中点", | |
| "B": "乳突前下方与下颌角之间的凹陷中", | |
| "C": "胸锁乳突肌与斜方肌上端之间的凹陷中", | |
| "D": "后发际正中直上0.5寸，旁开1.3寸，当斜方肌外缘凹陷中", | |
| "E": "耳后，乳突后下凹陷处" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "安眠穴在项部，当翳风与风池穴连线的中点。天柱穴在后发际正中直上0.5寸,旁开1.3寸,当斜方肌外缘凹陷中。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 170, | |
| "query": "哮病肺气虚弱证的治法是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "温肺化痰", | |
| "B": "清肺化痰", | |
| "C": "补肺固卫", | |
| "D": "健胆化痰", | |
| "E": "补肾固本" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "C", | |
| "reason": "哮喘肺气虚弱证的表现主要是肺卫不固,没有痰的症状故不用化痰;肾虚不纳自然要补肾固本。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 171, | |
| "query": "风痰上扰头痛、眩晕,治宜选用", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "消风散", | |
| "B": "二陈汤", | |
| "C": "川芎茶调散", | |
| "D": "天麻钩藤饮", | |
| "E": "半夏白术天麻汤" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "E", | |
| "reason": "风寒头痛用川芎茶调散,痰油头痛用半夏白术天麻汤" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 172, | |
| "query": "药品成分的含量与国家药品标准或者省、自治区、直辖市药品标准规定不符合的是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "劣药", | |
| "B": "假药", | |
| "C": "保健药品", | |
| "D": "非处方药", | |
| "E": "特殊药品" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "A", | |
| "reason": "假药是指药品所含成分的名称与国家药品标准或者省、自治区、直辖市药品标准规定不符合。劣药是指药品成分的含量与国家药品标准或者省、自治区直辖市药品标准规定不符合。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 173, | |
| "query": "天柱穴位于", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "当翳风与风池穴连线的中点", | |
| "B": "乳突前下方与下颌角之间的凹陷中", | |
| "C": "胸锁乳突肌与斜方肌上端之间的凹陷中", | |
| "D": "后发际正中直上0.5寸，旁开1.3寸，当斜方肌外缘凹陷中", | |
| "E": "耳后，乳突后下凹陷处" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "D", | |
| "reason": "安眠穴在项部，当翳风与风池穴连线的中点。天柱穴在后发际正中直上0.5寸,旁开1.3寸,当斜方肌外缘凹陷中。" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "question_num": 174, | |
| "query": "哮病肾虚不纳证的治法是", | |
| "options": { | |
| "A": "温肺化痰", | |
| "B": "清肺化痰", | |
| "C": "补肺固卫", | |
| "D": "健胆化痰", | |
| "E": "补肾固本" | |
| }, | |
| "answer": "E", | |
| "reason": "哮喘肺气虚弱证的表现主要是肺卫不固,没有痰的症状故不用化痰;肾虚不纳自然要补肾固本。" | |
| } | |
| ] |