[ { "question_num": 1, "query": "患者,男,38岁。呃声低长无力,气不得续,泛吐清水,脘腹不舒,喜温喜按,面色胱白,手足不温,食少乏力,大便溏薄,舌质淡,苔薄白,脉细弱。该患者辨证为", "options": { "A": "胃阴不足证", "B": "气机郁滞证", "C": "胃中寒冷证", "D": "脾胃阳虚证", "E": "胃火上逆证" }, "answer": "D", "reason": "根据症状辨证为呃逆,脾胃阳虚证。治法为温补脾胃,降逆止呃。首选方剂为理中丸加减。" }, { "question_num": 2, "query": "患者,男,38岁。呃声低长无力,气不得续,泛吐清水,脘腹不舒,喜温喜按,面色胱白,手足不温,食少乏力,大便溏薄,舌质淡,苔薄白,脉细弱。其治法是", "options": { "A": "顺气解郁,和胃降逆", "B": "养胃生津,降逆止呃", "C": "温中散寒,降逆止呃", "D": "清胃泄热,降逆止呃", "E": "温补脾胃,降逆止呃" }, "answer": "E", "reason": "根据症状辨证为呃逆,脾胃阳虚证。治法为温补脾胃,降逆止呃。首选方剂为理中丸加减。" }, { "question_num": 3, "query": "患者,男,38岁。呃声低长无力,气不得续,泛吐清水,脘腹不舒,喜温喜按,面色胱白,手足不温,食少乏力,大便溏薄,舌质淡,苔薄白,脉细弱,治疗应首选的方剂是", "options": { "A": "益胃汤", "B": "理中丸", "C": "五磨饮子", "D": "竹叶石膏汤", "E": "丁香散" }, "answer": "B", "reason": "根据症状辨证为呃逆,脾胃阳虚证。治法为温补脾胃,降逆止呃。首选方剂为理中丸加减。" }, { "question_num": 4, "query": "患者,女,43岁。全身皮肤黄染2月。现症:面目及肌肤淡黄,甚则晦暗不泽,肢软乏力,心悸气短,大便溏薄,舌质炎苔薄,脉濡细。该患者辨证为", "options": { "A": "气滞血郁证", "B": "脾虚湿滞证", "C": "寒湿阻遏证", "D": "湿热阻遏证", "E": "肝脾不调证" }, "answer": "B", "reason": "面目及肌肤淡黄,甚则晦暗不泽,肢软乏力,心悸气短,大便溏薄,舌质淡苔薄,脉濡细,辨证为黄疸,阴黄脾虚湿滞证。治法为健脾养血,利湿退黄。首选方剂为黄芪建中汤。" }, { "question_num": 5, "query": "患者,女,43岁。全身皮肤黄染2月。现症:面目及肌肤淡黄,甚则晦暗不泽,肢软乏力,心悸气短,大便溏薄,舌质炎苔薄,脉濡细。其治法是", "options": { "A": "清热利湿、利胆退黄", "B": "行气活血,利湿退黄", "C": "调和肝脾、理气助运", "D": "温中化湿、健脾和胃", "E": "健脾养血、利湿退黄" }, "answer": "E", "reason": "面目及肌肤淡黄,甚则晦暗不泽,肢软乏力,心悸气短,大便溏薄,舌质淡苔薄,脉濡细,辨证为黄疸,阴黄脾虚湿滞证。治法为健脾养血,利湿退黄。首选方剂为黄芪建中汤。" }, { "question_num": 6, "query": "患者,女,43岁。全身皮肤黄染2月。现症:面目及肌肤淡黄,甚则晦暗不泽,肢软乏力,心悸气短,大便溏薄,舌质炎苔薄,脉濡细,治疗应首选的方剂是", "options": { "A": "茵陈五苓散", "B": "黄芪建中汤", "C": "附子理中汤", "D": "归芍六君子汤", "E": "茵陈术附汤" }, "answer": "B", "reason": "面目及肌肤淡黄,甚则晦暗不泽,肢软乏力,心悸气短,大便溏薄,舌质淡苔薄,脉濡细,辨证为黄疸,阴黄脾虚湿滞证。治法为健脾养血,利湿退黄。首选方剂为黄芪建中汤。" }, { "question_num": 7, "query": "患者,女,32岁,已婚。妊娠10周。阴道少量出血,色淡质稀,腰酸,小腹空坠疼痛,神疲肢倦,面色少华,心悸气短,舌质淡,苔薄白,脉滑无力。诊断该患者的证型是", "options": { "A": "肾虚证", "B": "湿热证", "C": "气血虚弱证", "D": "跌仆伤胎证", "E": "虚热证" }, "answer": "C", "reason": "胎漏、胎动不安气血虚弱证:妊娠期阴道少量出血,色淡红,质稀薄,或小腹空坠而痛,腰酸,面色㿠白,心悸气短,神疲肢倦,舌淡,苔薄白,脉细弱略滑。治法:补气养血,固肾安胎。方选:胎元饮。" }, { "question_num": 8, "query": "患者,女,32岁,已婚。妊娠10周。阴道少量出血,色淡质稀,腰酸,小腹空坠疼痛,神疲肢倦,面色少华,心悸气短,舌质淡,苔薄白,脉滑无力。其治法是", "options": { "A": "清热凉血,固冲止血", "B": "固肾安胎", "C": "补气养血,固肾安胎", "D": "滋阴清热,养血安胎", "E": "活血化瘀,补肾安胎" }, "answer": "C", "reason": "胎漏、胎动不安气血虚弱证:妊娠期阴道少量出血,色淡红,质稀薄,或小腹空坠而痛,腰酸,面色㿠白,心悸气短,神疲肢倦,舌淡,苔薄白,脉细弱略滑。治法:补气养血,固肾安胎。方选:胎元饮。" }, { "question_num": 9, "query": "患者,女,32岁,已婚。妊娠10周。阴道少量出血,色淡质稀,腰酸,小腹空坠疼痛,神疲肢倦,面色少华,心悸气短,舌质淡,苔薄白,脉滑无力。治疗应首选的方剂是", "options": { "A": "寿胎丸", "B": "阿胶汤", "C": "保阴煎", "D": "胎元饮", "E": "桂枝茯苓丸" }, "answer": "D", "reason": "胎漏、胎动不安气血虚弱证:妊娠期阴道少量出血,色淡红,质稀薄,或小腹空坠而痛,腰酸,面色㿠白,心悸气短,神疲肢倦,舌淡,苔薄白,脉细弱略滑。治法:补气养血,固肾安胎。方选:胎元饮。" }, { "question_num": 10, "query": "患者,女,54岁。心胸隐痛,时作时休,心悸气短,动则益甚,伴倦怠乏力,声息低微,面白自,舌质淡红,舌体胖,边有齿痕,苔薄白,脉虚细缓。该患者辨证为", "options": { "A": "寒凝心脉证", "B": "气阴两虚证", "C": "痰浊闭阻证", "D": "心肾阴虚证", "E": "气滞心胸证" }, "answer": "B", "reason": "心胸隐痛,时作时休,心悸气短,动则益甚;伴倦怠乏力,声息低微,面白自汗,舌质淡红,舌体胖,边有齿痕,苔薄白,脉虚细缓,可辨证为胸痹气阴两虚证。治法为益气养阴,活血通脉。首选方剂为生脉散合人参养荣汤。" }, { "question_num": 11, "query": "患者,女,54岁。心胸隐痛,时作时休,心悸气短,动则益甚,伴倦怠乏力,声息低微,面白自,舌质淡红,舌体胖,边有齿痕,苔薄白,脉虚细缓。其治法是", "options": { "A": "温补阳气,振奋心阳", "B": "滋阴清火,养心和络", "C": "通阳泄浊,豁痰宣痹", "D": "益气养阴,活血通脉", "E": "辛温散寒,宣通心阳" }, "answer": "D", "reason": "心胸隐痛,时作时休,心悸气短,动则益甚;伴倦怠乏力,声息低微,面白自汗,舌质淡红,舌体胖,边有齿痕,苔薄白,脉虚细缓,可辨证为胸痹气阴两虚证。治法为益气养阴,活血通脉。首选方剂为生脉散合人参养荣汤。" }, { "question_num": 12, "query": "患者,女,54岁。心胸隐痛,时作时休,心悸气短,动则益甚,伴倦怠乏力,声息低微,面白自,舌质淡红,舌体胖,边有齿痕,苔薄白,脉虚细缓。治疗首选方剂是", "options": { "A": "柴胡疏肝散", "B": "枳实薤白桂枝汤合当归四逆汤", "C": "血府逐瘀汤", "D": "瓜萎薤白半夏汤合涤痰汤", "E": "生脉散合人参养荣汤" }, "answer": "E", "reason": "心胸隐痛,时作时休,心悸气短,动则益甚;伴倦怠乏力,声息低微,面白自汗,舌质淡红,舌体胖,边有齿痕,苔薄白,脉虚细缓,可辨证为胸痹气阴两虚证。治法为益气养阴,活血通脉。首选方剂为生脉散合人参养荣汤。" }, { "question_num": 13, "query": "患者,男,43岁。小腿累累青筋,盘屈如蚯蚓.久则痛体增大,下坠不适感加重,气短乏力肮腹坠胀,腰酸,舌淡苔薄白,脉细缓无力。该患者辨证为", "options": { "A": "筋瘤脾肾亏虚证", "B": "筋瘤劳倦伤气证", "C": "筋瘤气血亏虚证", "D": "筋外伤瘀滞证", "E": "筋瘤寒湿凝筋证" }, "answer": "B", "reason": "患者小腿累累青筋;盘屈如蚯蚓,诊断为筋瘤,久站则瘤体增大,下坠不适感加重,气短乏力,脘腹坠胀,腰酸,舌淡苔薄白,脉细缓无力,为劳倦伤气证。治法当补中益气,活血舒筋。首选补中益气汤加减。" }, { "question_num": 14, "query": "患者,男,43岁。小腿累累青筋,盘屈如蚯蚓.久则痛体增大,下坠不适感加重,气短乏力肮腹坠胀,腰酸,舌淡苔薄白,脉细缓无力。其治法是", "options": { "A": "暖肝散寒,益气通脉", "B": "活血化瘀,和营消肿", "C": "补中益气,活血舒筋", "D": "清热利湿,解毒通络", "E": "疏肝解郁,活血解毒" }, "answer": "C", "reason": "患者小腿累累青筋;盘屈如蚯蚓,诊断为筋瘤,久站则瘤体增大,下坠不适感加重,气短乏力,脘腹坠胀,腰酸,舌淡苔薄白,脉细缓无力,为劳倦伤气证。治法当补中益气,活血舒筋。首选补中益气汤加减。" }, { "question_num": 15, "query": "患者,男,43岁。小腿累累青筋,盘屈如蚯蚓.久则痛体增大,下坠不适感加重,气短乏力肮腹坠胀,腰酸,舌淡苔薄白,脉细缓无力。治疗首选方剂是", "options": { "A": "补中益气汤", "B": "暖肝煎", "C": "活血散瘀汤", "D": "通脉汤", "E": "活血通脉汤" }, "answer": "A", "reason": "患者小腿累累青筋;盘屈如蚯蚓,诊断为筋瘤,久站则瘤体增大,下坠不适感加重,气短乏力,脘腹坠胀,腰酸,舌淡苔薄白,脉细缓无力,为劳倦伤气证。治法当补中益气,活血舒筋。首选补中益气汤加减。" } ]