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שנה א/מבוא למדעי המחשב/עבודות בית/מטלת בית מספר 3.pdf ADDED
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+ size 715252
שנה א/מבוא למדעי המחשב/עבודות בית/מטלת בית מספר 4.pdf ADDED
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שנה א/מבוא למדעי המחשב/עבודות בית/מטלת בית מספר 5.pdf ADDED
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שנה א/מבוא למדעי המחשב/עבודות בית/מטלת בית מספר 6.pdf ADDED
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שנה א/מבוא למדעי המחשב/עבודות בית/מטלת בית מספר 7.pdf ADDED
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שנה א/מבוא למדעי המחשב/עבודות בית/מטלת בית מספר 8.pdf ADDED
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שנה א/מבוא למדעי המחשב/עבודות בית/מטלת בית מספר 9.pdf ADDED
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שנה א/מבוא למדעי המחשב/עבודות בית/פתרונות לעבודות/מטלה-1.c ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
+ #include <stdio.h>
2
+
3
+ // Function to calculate and print the birth year
4
+ void printDate() {
5
+ int currentYear = 2024;
6
+ int age = 26;
7
+ printf("Birth Year is: %d\n", currentYear - age);
8
+ }
9
+
10
+ // Function to print a nicely aligned pattern resembling 'X' in one printf statement
11
+ void printX() {
12
+ printf("* *\n"
13
+ " * * \n"
14
+ " * * \n"
15
+ " * \n"
16
+ " * * \n"
17
+ " * * \n"
18
+ "* *\n");
19
+ }
20
+
21
+ // Function to calculate and print earnings compensation for a worker
22
+ void printBobEranings() {
23
+ long id = 306543365;
24
+ double hourlyRate = 50.3;
25
+ int hoursWorkedDay = 8;
26
+ int daysWorkedInWeek = 5;
27
+ int yearFired = 2024;
28
+ int yearHired = 1990;
29
+
30
+ int yearsWorked = yearFired - yearHired; // Calculate total years worked
31
+ double monthWorth = hourlyRate * hoursWorkedDay * daysWorkedInWeek * 4; // Approximate monthly earnings
32
+ double compensation = yearsWorked * monthWorth; // Total compensation based on years worked
33
+
34
+ printf("Congratulations Worker ID: %ld\n", id);
35
+ printf("Thank you for the %d years you've worked\n", yearsWorked);
36
+ printf("You are entitled to a sum of: %.2f\n", compensation);
37
+ printf("Thank you and Goodbye!\n");
38
+ }
39
+
40
+ // Function to calculate and print average amount paid per item by Alice
41
+ void printAliceBill() {
42
+ double productA = 2.0;
43
+ double productB = 2.5;
44
+ int boughtA = 10;
45
+ int boughtB = 2;
46
+
47
+ double totalPaid = (productA * boughtA) + (productB * boughtB); // Total amount spent
48
+ double totalItems = boughtA + boughtB; // Total items bought
49
+ double average = totalPaid / totalItems; // Average amount per item
50
+
51
+ printf("Alice paid in average %f NIS per item\n", average);
52
+ }
53
+
54
+ // Function to calculate and print the estimated arrival time based on distance and speed
55
+ void printArrivelTime() {
56
+ double distance = 300; // Distance to travel in KM
57
+ double speed = 120; // Speed in KMH
58
+
59
+ double timeInHours = distance / speed; // Calculate total time in hours
60
+ int hours = timeInHours; // Extract whole hours
61
+ int minutes = (timeInHours - hours) * 60; // Calculate remaining minutes
62
+
63
+ printf("Arriving in %d hours and %d minutes.\n", hours, minutes);
64
+ }
65
+
66
+ int main() {
67
+ printDate();
68
+ printf("--------------\n");
69
+ printX();
70
+ printf("--------------\n");
71
+ printBobEranings();
72
+ printf("--------------\n");
73
+ printAliceBill();
74
+ printf("--------------\n");
75
+ printArrivelTime();
76
+ return 0;
77
+ }
שנה א/מבוא למדעי המחשב/עבודות בית/פתרונות לעבודות/מטלה-10.c ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
+ #include <stdio.h>
2
+
3
+ int findIndex(int* arr, int n) {
4
+ for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
5
+ if (arr[i] == i)
6
+ return i;
7
+ return -1;
8
+ }
9
+
10
+ int findIndexLog(int* arr, int n) {
11
+ int mid, low = 0, high = n - 1; // Initialize low and high for binary search
12
+
13
+ // Step 1: Check boundary cases
14
+ if (arr[low] == low) return low; // If the first element matches its index
15
+ if (arr[high] == high) return high; // If the last element matches its index
16
+
17
+ // Step 2: Perform binary search
18
+ while (low <= high) { // Continue while the search range is valid
19
+ mid = (low + high) / 2; // Calculate the middle index
20
+
21
+ if (arr[mid] == mid) { // If the middle element matches its index
22
+ return mid; // Return the matching index
23
+ }
24
+
25
+ if (arr[mid] > mid) { // If the middle value is greater than its index
26
+ high = mid - 1; // Search the left half
27
+ }
28
+
29
+ if (arr[mid] < mid) { // If the middle value is less than its index
30
+ low = mid + 1; // Search the right half
31
+ }
32
+ }
33
+
34
+ // Step 3: If no match is found, return -1
35
+ return -1;
36
+ }
37
+
38
+ // Iterative binary search for reverse-sorted array
39
+ int findKey(int* arr, int n, int key) {
40
+ int low = n - 1, high = 0, mid; // Initialize low and high for reverse-sorted array
41
+
42
+ // Step 1: Check boundary cases
43
+ if (arr[low] == key) return low; // Check if the key matches the last element
44
+ if (arr[high] == key) return high; // Check if the key matches the first element
45
+
46
+ // Step 2: Perform binary search
47
+ while (high <= low) { // Continue while the search range is valid
48
+ mid = (low + high) / 2; // Calculate the middle index
49
+
50
+ if (arr[mid] == key) return mid; // If the middle element matches the key, return its index
51
+
52
+ if (arr[mid] > key) { // If the middle value is greater than the key
53
+ high = mid + 1; // Search the right side
54
+ }
55
+ else if (arr[mid] < key) { // If the middle value is less than the key
56
+ low = mid - 1; // Search the left side
57
+ }
58
+ }
59
+
60
+ return -1; // If the key is not found, return -1
61
+ }
62
+
63
+ // Recursive binary search for reverse-sorted array
64
+ int findKeyRe(int* arr, int n, int key, int low, int high) {
65
+ // Base Case: If the search range becomes invalid
66
+ if (low < high) return -1;
67
+
68
+ int mid = (low + high) / 2; // Calculate the middle index
69
+
70
+ if (arr[mid] == key) return mid; // If the middle element matches the key, return its index
71
+
72
+ if (arr[mid] > key) { // If the middle value is greater than the key
73
+ // Recursively search the right half (adjust high)
74
+ return findKeyRe(arr, n, key, low, mid + 1);
75
+ }
76
+ else if (arr[mid] < key) { // If the middle value is less than the key
77
+ // Recursively search the left half (adjust low)
78
+ return findKeyRe(arr, n, key, mid - 1, high);
79
+ }
80
+
81
+ return -1; // This point should never be reached if all cases are handled
82
+ }
83
+
84
+ // Wrapper function to initialize the recursion
85
+ int findKeyR(int* arr, int n, int key) {
86
+ // Call the recursive helper function with initial range for reverse-sorted array
87
+ return findKeyRe(arr, n, key, n - 1, 0);
88
+ }
89
+
90
+ int findKeyAsc(int* arr, int n, int key) {
91
+ int low = 0, high = n - 1, mid; // Initialize low and high for a sorted array
92
+ int result = -1; // To store the minimum index of the key
93
+
94
+ // Perform binary search
95
+ while (low <= high) {
96
+ mid = (low + high) / 2; // Calculate the middle index
97
+
98
+ if (arr[mid] == key) {
99
+ result = mid; // Save the current index as a potential result
100
+ high = mid - 1; // Continue searching in the left half for a smaller index
101
+ }
102
+ else if (arr[mid] > key) {
103
+ high = mid - 1; // Search the left side
104
+ }
105
+ else {
106
+ low = mid + 1; // Search the right side
107
+ }
108
+ }
109
+
110
+ return result; // Return the minimum index of the key, or -1 if not found
111
+ }
112
+
113
+ int sumArr(int* arr, int n, int x) {
114
+ // Define two pointers: low starting at the beginning of the array,
115
+ // and high starting at the end of the array.
116
+ int low = 0, high = n - 1;
117
+
118
+ // Loop until the two pointers meet.
119
+ while (low < high) {
120
+ // Calculate the sum of the elements at the low and high pointers.
121
+ int sum = arr[low] + arr[high];
122
+
123
+ // If the sum equals the target value x:
124
+ if (sum == x) {
125
+ // Print the indices of the two elements that sum to x.
126
+ printf("%d %d\n", low, high);
127
+ // Return 1 to indicate a successful match.
128
+ return 1;
129
+ }
130
+
131
+ // If the sum is greater than x, decrement the high pointer
132
+ // to reduce the sum (move to a smaller element).
133
+ if (sum > x)
134
+ high--;
135
+
136
+ // If the sum is less than x, increment the low pointer
137
+ // to increase the sum (move to a larger element).
138
+ if (sum < x)
139
+ low++;
140
+ }
141
+
142
+ // If no such pair is found, return 0.
143
+ return 0;
144
+ }
145
+
146
+ int sumMonotonic(int x, int* arr, int n) {
147
+ int low = 0, high = n - 2;
148
+ int mid, sum = 0;
149
+
150
+ while (low <= high) {
151
+ mid = (low + high) / 2;
152
+ sum = arr[mid] + arr[mid + 1];
153
+
154
+ if (sum == x) return mid;
155
+
156
+ if (sum > x) {
157
+ high = mid - 1;
158
+ }
159
+ else {
160
+ low = mid + 1;
161
+ }
162
+ }
163
+ return -1;
164
+
165
+ }
166
+
167
+ int main()
168
+ {
169
+ // 1
170
+ //int arr[] = {-1,1,6,9,11};
171
+ //int arr1[] = {-1,0,6,9,11};
172
+
173
+ //printf("%d\n", findIndex(arr,5));
174
+ //printf("%d\n", findIndex(arr1,5));
175
+ //printf("--------\n");
176
+ //printf("%d\n", findIndexLog(arr,5));
177
+ //printf("%d\n", findIndexLog(arr1,5));
178
+
179
+ // 2
180
+ //int arr[] = { 9,7,7,5,3,3,3,1 };
181
+ //int n = 8;
182
+ //printf("%d\n",findKey(arr,n,3));
183
+ //printf("%d\n",findKey(arr,n,4));
184
+ //printf("%d\n", findKeyR(arr, n, 3));
185
+ //printf("%d\n", findKeyR(arr, n, 4));
186
+
187
+ // 3
188
+ //int arr[] = { 1,1,3,3,3,6,8,9,9 };
189
+ //int n = 9;
190
+ //printf("%d\n",findKeyAsc(arr,n,3));
191
+ //printf("%d\n",findKeyAsc(arr,n,4));
192
+
193
+ // 4
194
+ //int arr[] = { 1,3,5,5,6,9,10,13 };
195
+ //int n = 8;
196
+ //int x = 13;
197
+ //printf("%d", sumArr(arr, n, x));
198
+
199
+ // 5
200
+ //int arr[] = {-3,8,1,9,15,10,18};
201
+ //int n = 7;
202
+ //printf("%d\n", sumMonotonic(28, arr, n)); // --> 5
203
+ //printf("%d\n", sumMonotonic(10, arr, n)); // --> 2
204
+ //printf("%d\n", sumMonotonic(5, arr, n)); // --> 0
205
+
206
+ return 0;
207
+ }
שנה א/מבוא למדעי המחשב/עבודות בית/פתרונות לעבודות/מטלה-11.c ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,385 @@
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
+ #include <stdio.h>
2
+ #include <stdlib.h>
3
+
4
+ void printArr(int* arr, int n) {
5
+ printf("{");
6
+ for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
7
+ {
8
+ if (i + 1 == n)
9
+ printf("%d", arr[i]);
10
+ else
11
+ printf("%d ,", arr[i]);
12
+ }
13
+ printf("}\n");
14
+ }
15
+
16
+ void sort(int* arr, int n) {
17
+ int freq[] = { 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 }; // Frequency array to count occurrences of digits 0�9
18
+
19
+ // Step 1: Count the frequency of each number in the array (O(n))
20
+ for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
21
+ freq[arr[i]]++; // Increment the count of the number at index `arr[i]`
22
+ }
23
+
24
+ // Step 2: Reconstruct the sorted array using the frequency array (O(n))
25
+ for (int i = 0, j = 0; i < 10; i++) { // Loop through digits 0�9
26
+ while (freq[i] > 0) { // If the current digit `i` appears in the array
27
+ arr[j++] = i; // Place it in the sorted array
28
+ freq[i]--; // Decrement the frequency count
29
+ }
30
+ }
31
+ }
32
+
33
+ void sortEvenOdd(int* arr, int n) {
34
+ int low = 0, high = n - 1; // Two pointers: `low` starts at the beginning, `high` starts at the end
35
+ int temp; // Temporary variable for swapping
36
+
37
+ // Step 1: Traverse the array using the two pointers
38
+ while (low <= high) {
39
+ // Case 1: `low` points to an odd number, `high` points to an even number
40
+ if (arr[low] % 2 != 0 && arr[high] % 2 == 0) {
41
+ // Swap the odd number at `low` with the even number at `high`
42
+ temp = arr[low];
43
+ arr[low] = arr[high];
44
+ arr[high] = temp;
45
+
46
+ // Move both pointers inward after the swap
47
+ low++;
48
+ high--;
49
+ }
50
+
51
+ // Case 2: `low` points to an even number
52
+ if (arr[low] % 2 == 0) low++; // Move `low` to the next position
53
+
54
+ // Case 3: `high` points to an odd number
55
+ if (arr[high] % 2 != 0) high--; // Move `high` to the previous position
56
+ }
57
+ }
58
+
59
+ void merge(int* arr, int start1, int end1, int start2, int end2) {
60
+ // Calculate the total size of the merged array
61
+ int size = (end1 - start1 + 1) + (end2 - start2 + 1);
62
+
63
+ // Pointers for the two sub-arrays
64
+ int i = start1, j = start2;
65
+
66
+ // Allocate memory for a temporary array to hold the merged result
67
+ int* temp = (int*)calloc(size, sizeof(int));
68
+ if (temp == NULL) { // Check for memory allocation failure
69
+ printf("Memory allocation failed.\n");
70
+ return;
71
+ }
72
+
73
+ int count = 0; // Counter for the temporary array
74
+
75
+ // Step 1: Merge elements from both sub-arrays into `temp` while both have elements
76
+ while (i <= end1 && j <= end2) {
77
+ if (arr[i] < arr[j]) { // Take the smaller element from the first sub-array
78
+ temp[count] = arr[i];
79
+ i++; // Move the pointer for the first sub-array
80
+ }
81
+ else { // Take the smaller element from the second sub-array
82
+ temp[count] = arr[j];
83
+ j++; // Move the pointer for the second sub-array
84
+ }
85
+ count++; // Move the pointer for the temporary array
86
+ }
87
+
88
+ // Step 2: Add remaining elements from the first sub-array, if any
89
+ while (i <= end1) {
90
+ temp[count] = arr[i];
91
+ i++;
92
+ count++;
93
+ }
94
+
95
+ // Step 3: Add remaining elements from the second sub-array, if any
96
+ while (j <= end2) {
97
+ temp[count] = arr[j];
98
+ j++;
99
+ count++;
100
+ }
101
+
102
+ // Step 4: Copy the merged result from `temp` back to the original array `arr`
103
+ for (int k = 0; k < size; k++) {
104
+ arr[start1 + k] = temp[k];
105
+ }
106
+
107
+ // Step 5: Free the memory allocated for `temp`
108
+ free(temp);
109
+ }
110
+
111
+ void sortK(int* arr, int n, int k) {
112
+ int start = 0, end = n - 1; // `start` is the beginning of the first sub-array, `end` is the last index of the array
113
+ int end1; // Stores the end index of the first sub-array in each merge
114
+ int start2, end2; // Stores the start and end indices of the second sub-array in each merge
115
+
116
+ // Loop through the array, processing chunks of size `k`
117
+ for (int i = 1; i * k < n; i++) {
118
+ // Calculate the end of the first sub-array
119
+ end1 = (i * k) - 1;
120
+
121
+ // Calculate the start of the second sub-array
122
+ start2 = end1 + 1;
123
+
124
+ // Calculate the end of the second sub-array
125
+ // Ensure that the end of the second sub-array doesn't go beyond the array bounds
126
+ end2 = (start2 + k - 1 > end) ? end : start2 + k - 1;
127
+
128
+ // Merge the two sub-arrays: `arr[start...end1]` and `arr[start2...end2]`
129
+ merge(arr, start, end1, start2, end2);
130
+ }
131
+ }
132
+
133
+ // Helper function to partition the array and find the sum of k smallest elements
134
+ int partitionHelper(int* arr, int n, int k) {
135
+ // Handle invalid input (k cannot be greater than n)
136
+ if (k > n) {
137
+ printf("Invalid input: k cannot be greater than n\n");
138
+ return 0;
139
+ }
140
+
141
+ // Base case: If the array has only one element and k == 1, return that element
142
+ if (n == 1 && k == 1) {
143
+ return arr[0];
144
+ }
145
+
146
+ // Step 1: Select a pivot randomly to avoid biased splits
147
+ int pivot = arr[rand() % n];
148
+
149
+ // Allocate memory for two groups
150
+ int* group1 = (int*)malloc(n * sizeof(int)); // Group for elements smaller than pivot
151
+ int* group2 = (int*)malloc(n * sizeof(int)); // Group for elements greater than or equal to pivot
152
+
153
+ if (group1 == NULL || group2 == NULL) { // Check for memory allocation failure
154
+ printf("Memory allocation failed.\n");
155
+ exit(1);
156
+ }
157
+
158
+ int count1 = 0, count2 = 0;
159
+
160
+ // Step 2: Partition the array into group1 and group2
161
+ for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
162
+ if (arr[i] < pivot) {
163
+ group1[count1++] = arr[i];
164
+ }
165
+ else {
166
+ group2[count2++] = arr[i];
167
+ }
168
+ }
169
+
170
+ // Step 3: Handle edge case: If group1 is empty, move one instance of pivot to group1
171
+ if (count1 == 0) {
172
+ group1[count1++] = pivot;
173
+ count2--;
174
+ }
175
+
176
+ // Step 4: Compare the size of group1 with k
177
+ if (count1 == k) {
178
+ // Exactly k smallest elements are in group1
179
+ int sum = 0;
180
+ for (int i = 0; i < count1; i++) {
181
+ sum += group1[i];
182
+ }
183
+ free(group1);
184
+ free(group2);
185
+ return sum;
186
+ }
187
+ else if (count1 > k) {
188
+ // The k smallest elements are all in group1, recurse into group1
189
+ free(group2);
190
+ int result = partitionHelper(group1, count1, k);
191
+ free(group1);
192
+ return result;
193
+ }
194
+ else {
195
+ // Take all elements of group1 and find the remaining (k - count1) smallest elements in group2
196
+ int sum = 0;
197
+ for (int i = 0; i < count1; i++) {
198
+ sum += group1[i];
199
+ }
200
+ free(group1); // Free group1 memory
201
+ int remainingSum = partitionHelper(group2, count2, k - count1);
202
+ free(group2); // Free group2 memory
203
+ return sum + remainingSum; // Return combined sum
204
+ }
205
+ }
206
+
207
+ int findKSmallestSum(int* arr, int n, int k) {
208
+ return partitionHelper(arr, n, k);
209
+ }
210
+
211
+ // Function to merge two sorted sub-arrays in descending order
212
+ void mergeDescending(int* arr, int start, int mid, int end) {
213
+ // Step 1: Calculate the size of the temporary array
214
+ int size = end - start + 1; // Total elements in the range [start, end]
215
+ int* temp = (int*)malloc(size * sizeof(int)); // Allocate temporary array
216
+ if (temp == NULL) {
217
+ printf("Memory allocation failed.\n");
218
+ return;
219
+ }
220
+
221
+ // Step 2: Initialize pointers for the left, right sub-arrays, and temp array
222
+ int i = start; // Pointer for the left sub-array [start, mid]
223
+ int j = mid + 1; // Pointer for the right sub-array [mid + 1, end]
224
+ int k = 0; // Pointer for the temporary array
225
+
226
+ // Step 3: Merge the two sub-arrays into temp in descending order
227
+ while (i <= mid && j <= end) {
228
+ if (arr[i] > arr[j]) { // Compare elements
229
+ temp[k++] = arr[i++]; // Take the larger element
230
+ }
231
+ else {
232
+ temp[k++] = arr[j++]; // Take the larger element
233
+ }
234
+ }
235
+
236
+ // Step 4: Copy any remaining elements from the left sub-array
237
+ while (i <= mid) {
238
+ temp[k++] = arr[i++]; // Add remaining elements from the left
239
+ }
240
+
241
+ // Step 5: Copy any remaining elements from the right sub-array
242
+ while (j <= end) {
243
+ temp[k++] = arr[j++]; // Add remaining elements from the right
244
+ }
245
+
246
+ // Step 6: Copy the sorted elements from temp back into the original array
247
+ for (int l = 0; l < size; l++) {
248
+ arr[start + l] = temp[l]; // Copy temp array to the original array
249
+ }
250
+
251
+ // Free the temporary array
252
+ free(temp); // Prevent memory leak
253
+ }
254
+
255
+ // Recursive function to sort an array in descending order
256
+ void sortDescendingRecursive(int* arr, int start, int end) {
257
+ if (start >= end) return; // Base case: Sub-array with 1 or 0 elements is already sorted
258
+
259
+ int mid = (start + end) / 2; // Calculate the middle index
260
+
261
+ // Recursively sort the left half
262
+ sortDescendingRecursive(arr, start, mid);
263
+
264
+ // Recursively sort the right half
265
+ sortDescendingRecursive(arr, mid + 1, end);
266
+
267
+ // Merge the two halves in descending order
268
+ mergeDescending(arr, start, mid, end);
269
+ }
270
+
271
+ // Wrapper function to sort the entire array in descending order
272
+ void sortDecending(int* arr, int n) {
273
+ int start = 0, end = n - 1; // Set the range for the entire array
274
+ sortDescendingRecursive(arr, start, end); // Start the recursive sorting process
275
+ }
276
+
277
+ int main()
278
+ {
279
+ // 1
280
+ //int arr[] = { 1,5,9,2,3 };
281
+ //sort(arr, 5);
282
+ //printArr(arr, 5);
283
+ //int arr1[] = { 8,6,5,2,1,3,4,7,8,9,6,5,2,3,5,4,7,0};
284
+ //sort(arr1, 18);
285
+ //printArr(arr1, 18);
286
+
287
+ // 2
288
+ //int arr[] = { 1,6,3,8,2 };
289
+ //sortEvenOdd(arr, 5);
290
+ //printArr(arr, 5);
291
+
292
+ // 3
293
+ //int arr[] = { -1,2,5,3,7,9,4,6 };
294
+ //int n = 8, k = 3;
295
+ //sortK(arr, n, k);
296
+ //printArr(arr, n);
297
+
298
+ //// Test Case 1: Basic Case
299
+ //int arr1[] = { 3, 4, 5, 1, 2, 6 };
300
+ //int n1 = 6, k1 = 3;
301
+ //sortK(arr1, n1, k1);
302
+ //printf("Test 1: ");
303
+ //printArr(arr1, n1); // Expected: {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
304
+
305
+ //// Test Case 2: Single Element Sub-Arrays
306
+ //int arr2[] = { 10, 20, 30, 40 };
307
+ //int n2 = 4, k2 = 1;
308
+ //sortK(arr2, n2, k2);
309
+ //printf("Test 2: ");
310
+ //printArr(arr2, n2); // Expected: {10, 20, 30, 40}
311
+
312
+ //// Test Case 3: Sub-Arrays Already Sorted
313
+ //int arr3[] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 };
314
+ //int n3 = 8, k3 = 3;
315
+ //sortK(arr3, n3, k3);
316
+ //printf("Test 3: ");
317
+ //printArr(arr3, n3); // Expected: {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
318
+
319
+ //// Test Case 4: Array with Last Sub-Array Smaller than k
320
+ //int arr4[] = { 9, 12, 14, 1, 3, 8, 7 };
321
+ //int n4 = 7, k4 = 3;
322
+ //sortK(arr4, n4, k4);
323
+ //printf("Test 4: ");
324
+ //printArr(arr4, n4); // Expected: {1, 3, 7, 8, 9, 12, 14}
325
+
326
+ //// Test Case 5: Array of Size 1
327
+ //int arr5[] = { 5 };
328
+ //int n5 = 1, k5 = 3;
329
+ //sortK(arr5, n5, k5);
330
+ //printf("Test 5: ");
331
+ //printArr(arr5, n5); // Expected: {5}
332
+
333
+ //// Test Case 6: Reverse Sorted Array
334
+ //int arr6[] = { 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 };
335
+ //int n6 = 9, k6 = 3;
336
+ //sortK(arr6, n6, k6);
337
+ //printf("Test 6: ");
338
+ //printArr(arr6, n6); // Expected: {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}
339
+
340
+ //// Test Case 7: Array of Repeated Elements
341
+ //int arr7[] = { 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5 };
342
+ //int n7 = 6, k7 = 2;
343
+ //sortK(arr7, n7, k7);
344
+ //printf("Test 7: ");
345
+ //printArr(arr7, n7); // Expected: {5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5}
346
+
347
+ //// Test Case 8: Array with Negative Numbers
348
+ //int arr8[] = { -9, -7, -5, -1, -3, -4, -2 };
349
+ //int n8 = 7, k8 = 3;
350
+ //sortK(arr8, n8, k8);
351
+ //printf("Test 8: ");
352
+ //printArr(arr8, n8); // Expected: {-9, -7, -5, -4, -3, -2, -1}
353
+
354
+ //// Test Case 9: Array Size Smaller than k
355
+ //int arr9[] = { 5, 1, 3, 2 };
356
+ //int n9 = 4, k9 = 5;
357
+ //sortK(arr9, n9, k9);
358
+ //printf("Test 9: ");
359
+ //printArr(arr9, n9); // Expected: {1, 2, 3, 5}
360
+
361
+ //// Test Case 10: Array with k = 1
362
+ //int arr10[] = { 7, 3, 9, 1, 5, 4 };
363
+ //int n10 = 6, k10 = 1;
364
+ //sortK(arr10, n10, k10);
365
+ //printf("Test 10: ");
366
+ //printArr(arr10, n10); // Expected: {1, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9}
367
+
368
+ // 4
369
+ //int arr1[] = { 1, 6, 3, 9, 6, 7 };
370
+ //int n1 = 6, k1 = 3;
371
+ //printf("Sum of %d smallest elements: %d\n", k1, findKSmallestSum(arr1, n1, k1));
372
+ //// Expected Output: 10 (1 + 3 + 6)
373
+
374
+ //int arr2[] = { 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 };
375
+ //int n2 = 5, k2 = 2;
376
+ //printf("Sum of %d smallest elements: %d\n", k2, findKSmallestSum(arr2, n2, k2));
377
+ //// Expected Output: 3 (1 + 2)
378
+
379
+ // 5
380
+ //int arr[] = { 1,6,3,8,2 };
381
+ //int n = 5;
382
+ //sortDecending(arr, n);
383
+ //printArr(arr, n);
384
+ return 0;
385
+ }