Razer Ouroboros mouse not working

# The Problem I don't mean the extra keys and what not, I'm just talking about getting the pointer to move across the screen and the left and right buttons to click. I've got it plugged into the system directly using the cable. I'm running Gentoo right now. The mouse works fine in the Ubuntu live CD on the same machine. I got it working on another Gentoo installation. That installation has three major differences:   1. It is slightly more up to date.   2. I was using a USB3 port, instead of a USB2 port.   3. It's using a genkernel kernel, instead of a custom one. I've been unable to test genkernel on this machine because genkernel is apparently unable to generate a kernel that boots on this one. Next thing I can try is to update my installation. I also need to try this on something like Ubuntu to see if it can autodetect the hardware, because that will confirm that my problem is related to configuration. So does anyone have any ideas? I couldn't find **anything** about this mouse on Linux on the Internet. I've also never seen a mouse flat-out not working on Linux. Here's the relevant output I could find:               cat /dev/input/event9     ÂµS°cat: /dev/input/event9: No such device     cat: /dev/input/event9: No such device      _In this case`event9` is the device assigned to the mouse, see `Xorg.0.log` below._   The characters before the error messages are random, which make me think they are mouse movements. They also pop up after some time. The mouse appears to disconnect / reconnect whenever I press one of the mouse buttons:               Jul  7 23:09:33 straylight kernel: usb 2-1.2: USB disconnect, device number 10     Jul  7 23:09:34 straylight kernel: usb 2-1.2: new full-speed USB device number 11 using ehci-pci     Jul  7 23:09:34 straylight kernel: usb 2-1.2: New USB device found, idVendor=1532, idProduct=0032     Jul  7 23:09:34 straylight kernel: usb 2-1.2: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=0     Jul  7 23:09:34 straylight kernel: usb 2-1.2: Product: Razer Ouroboros     Jul  7 23:09:34 straylight kernel: usb 2-1.2: Manufacturer: Razer     Jul  7 23:09:34 straylight kernel: input: Razer Razer Ouroboros as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.2/2-1.2:1.0/input/input31     Jul  7 23:09:34 straylight kernel: hid-generic 0003:1532:0032.001D: input,hidraw4: USB HID v1.11 Mouse [Razer Razer Ouroboros] on usb-0000:00:1d.0-1.2/input0     Jul  7 23:09:34 straylight kernel: input: Razer Razer Ouroboros as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.2/2-1.2:1.1/input/input32     Jul  7 23:09:34 straylight kernel: hid-generic 0003:1532:0032.001E: input,hidraw5: USB HID v1.11 Keyboard [Razer Razer Ouroboros] on usb-0000:00:1d.0-1.2/input1     Jul  7 23:09:34 straylight kernel: input: Razer Razer Ouroboros as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.2/2-1.2:1.2/input/input33     Jul  7 23:09:34 straylight kernel: hid-generic 0003:1532:0032.001F: input,hidraw6: USB HID v1.11 Keyboard [Razer Razer Ouroboros] on usb-0000:00:1d.0-1.2/input2      # Things I've Tried   * I re-compiled my kernel with CONFIG_USB_EHCI_TT_NEWSCHED=y, since some people suggested that. It had no effect as far as I could tell.   * I upgraded my kernel to the newest version that was available, no change.   * I tried the kernel config from the other Gentoo machine, no change. # Currently Investigating   * I suspect there's some sort of issue with USB2 vs USB3. The other machine has a USB3 port, and the problematic one doesn't. I've also experienced problems with this regarding MTP. # Assorted Logs **dmesg**               [  731.127793] hub 1-1:1.0: debounce: port 6: total 100ms stable 100ms status 0x101     [  731.138749] hub 1-1:1.0: port 6 not reset yet, waiting 10ms     [  731.200606] usb 1-1.6: new full-speed USB device number 11 using ehci_hcd     [  731.211559] hub 1-1:1.0: port 6 not reset yet, waiting 10ms     [  731.287115] usb 1-1.6: skipped 1 descriptor after interface     [  731.287122] usb 1-1.6: skipped 1 descriptor after interface     [  731.287126] usb 1-1.6: skipped 1 descriptor after interface     [  731.287478] usb 1-1.6: default language 0x0409     [  731.287967] usb 1-1.6: udev 11, busnum 1, minor = 10     [  731.287969] usb 1-1.6: New USB device found, idVendor=1532, idProduct=0032     [  731.287971] usb 1-1.6: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=0     [  731.287973] usb 1-1.6: Product: Razer Ouroboros                                                                         [  731.287974] usb 1-1.6: Manufacturer: Razer     [  731.288020] usb 1-1.6: usb_probe_device     [  731.288023] usb 1-1.6: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice     [  731.288482] usb 1-1.6: adding 1-1.6:1.0 (config #1, interface 0)     [  731.288511] usbhid 1-1.6:1.0: usb_probe_interface     [  731.288513] usbhid 1-1.6:1.0: usb_probe_interface - got id     [  731.289236] input: Razer Razer Ouroboros as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.6/1-1.6:1.0/input/input32     [  731.289292] hid-generic 0003:1532:0032.001A: input,hidraw1: USB HID v1.11 Mouse [Razer Razer Ouroboros] on usb-0000:     00:1a.0-1.6/input0     [  731.289303] usb 1-1.6: adding 1-1.6:1.1 (config #1, interface 1)     [  731.289324] usbhid 1-1.6:1.1: usb_probe_interface     [  731.289326] usbhid 1-1.6:1.1: usb_probe_interface - got id     [  731.291438] input: Razer Razer Ouroboros as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.6/1-1.6:1.1/input/input33     [  731.291467] usb 1-1.6: link qh1-0601/ffff880129a56100 start 0 [1/2 us]     [  731.291512] hid-generic 0003:1532:0032.001B: input,hidraw2: USB HID v1.11 Keyboard [Razer Razer Ouroboros] on usb-00     00:00:1a.0-1.6/input1     [  731.291522] usb 1-1.6: adding 1-1.6:1.2 (config #1, interface 2)     [  731.291542] usbhid 1-1.6:1.2: usb_probe_interface     [  731.291544] usbhid 1-1.6:1.2: usb_probe_interface - got id     [  731.292411] input: Razer Razer Ouroboros as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.6/1-1.6:1.2/input/input34     [  731.292518] usb 1-1.6: link qh1-3008/ffff880129a56800 start 0 [1/2 us]     [  731.292567] hid-generic 0003:1532:0032.001C: input,hidraw3: USB HID v1.11 Keyboard [Razer Razer Ouroboros] on usb-00     00:00:1a.0-1.6/input2     [  731.292582] hub 1-1:1.0: state 7 ports 6 chg 0000 evt 0040     [  731.302537] joydev: version magic '3.6.11-ck SMP mod_unload modversions ' should be '3.6.11-ck SMP preempt mod_unloa     d '     [  731.302576] joydev: version magic '3.6.11-ck SMP mod_unload modversions ' should be '3.6.11-ck SMP preempt mod_unloa     d '     [  731.302606] joydev: version magic '3.6.11-ck SMP mod_unload modversions ' should be '3.6.11-ck SMP preempt mod_unloa     d '      **/var/log/messages**                   Jul  3 22:42:11 straylight kernel: [  712.192976] usb 1-1.6: unlink qh1-3008/ffff880129abc000 start 0 [1/2 us]         Jul  3 22:42:11 straylight kernel: [  712.193600] usb 1-1.6: unlink qh1-0601/ffff880129abcc80 start 0 [1/2 us]         Jul  3 22:42:11 straylight kernel: [  712.205991] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1a.0: reused qh ffff880129abc000 schedule         Jul  3 22:42:11 straylight kernel: [  712.205999] usb 1-1.6: link qh1-3008/ffff880129abc000 start 0 [1/2 us]         Jul  3 22:42:11 straylight kernel: [  712.206071] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1a.0: reused qh ffff880129abcc80 schedule         Jul  3 22:42:11 straylight kernel: [  712.206073] usb 1-1.6: link qh1-0601/ffff880129abcc80 start 0 [1/2 us]         Jul  3 22:42:11 straylight kernel: [  712.208558] usb 1-1.6: unlink qh1-0601/ffff880129abcc80 start 0 [1/2 us]         Jul  3 22:42:11 straylight kernel: [  712.208846] usb 1-1.6: unlink qh1-3008/ffff880129abc000 start 0 [1/2 us]         Jul  3 22:42:11 straylight kernel: [  712.233918] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1a.0: reused qh ffff880129abcc80 schedule         Jul  3 22:42:11 straylight kernel: [  712.233925] usb 1-1.6: link qh1-0601/ffff880129abcc80 start 0 [1/2 us]         Jul  3 22:42:11 straylight kernel: [  712.234942] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1a.0: reused qh ffff880129abc000 schedule         Jul  3 22:42:11 straylight kernel: [  712.234950] usb 1-1.6: link qh1-3008/ffff880129abc000 start 0 [1/2 us]         Jul  3 22:42:11 straylight kernel: [  712.236489] usb 1-1.6: unlink qh1-0601/ffff880129abcc80 start 0 [1/2 us]         Jul  3 22:42:11 straylight kernel: [  712.237862] usb 1-1.6: unlink qh1-3008/ffff880129abc000 start 0 [1/2 us]         Jul  3 22:42:11 straylight kernel: [  712.287776] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1a.0: reused qh ffff880129abcc80 schedule         Jul  3 22:42:11 straylight kernel: [  712.287783] usb 1-1.6: link qh1-0601/ffff880129abcc80 start 0 [1/2 us]         Jul  3 22:42:11 straylight kernel: [  712.289711] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1a.0: reused qh ffff880129abc000 schedule         Jul  3 22:42:11 straylight kernel: [  712.289714] usb 1-1.6: link qh1-3008/ffff880129abc000 start 0 [1/2 us]         Jul  3 22:42:11 straylight kernel: [  712.290350] usb 1-1.6: unlink qh1-0601/ffff880129abcc80 start 0 [1/2 us]         Jul  3 22:42:11 straylight kernel: [  712.292682] usb 1-1.6: unlink qh1-3008/ffff880129abc000 start 0 [1/2 us]         Jul  3 22:42:11 straylight kernel: [  712.326145] hub 1-1:1.0: state 7 ports 6 chg 0000 evt 0040         Jul  3 22:42:11 straylight kernel: [  712.326411] hub 1-1:1.0: port 6, status 0100, change 0001, 12 Mb/s         Jul  3 22:42:11 straylight kernel: [  712.326549] usb 1-1.6: USB disconnect, device number 9         Jul  3 22:42:11 straylight kernel: [  712.326553] usb 1-1.6: unregistering device         Jul  3 22:42:11 straylight kernel: [  712.326556] usb 1-1.6: unregistering interface 1-1.6:1.0         Jul  3 22:42:11 straylight kernel: [  712.340765] usb 1-1.6: unregistering interface 1-1.6:1.1         Jul  3 22:42:11 straylight kernel: [  712.363711] usb 1-1.6: unregistering interface 1-1.6:1.2         Jul  3 22:42:11 straylight kernel: [  712.386641] usb 1-1.6: usb_disable_device nuking all URBs         Jul  3 22:42:11 straylight kernel: [  712.490532] hub 1-1:1.0: debounce: port 6: total 100ms stable 100ms status 0x100         Jul  3 22:42:23 straylight kernel: [  724.582656] hub 1-1:1.0: state 7 ports 6 chg 0000 evt 0040         Jul  3 22:42:23 straylight kernel: [  724.583140] hub 1-1:1.0: port 6, status 0101, change 0001, 12 Mb/s         Jul  3 22:42:23 straylight kernel: [  724.686611] hub 1-1:1.0: debounce: port 6: total 100ms stable 100ms status 0x101         Jul  3 22:42:23 straylight kernel: [  724.697599] hub 1-1:1.0: port 6 not reset yet, waiting 10ms         Jul  3 22:42:23 straylight kernel: [  724.759421] usb 1-1.6: new full-speed USB device number 10 using ehci_hcd         Jul  3 22:42:23 straylight kernel: [  724.770414] hub 1-1:1.0: port 6 not reset yet, waiting 10ms         Jul  3 22:42:23 straylight kernel: [  724.846327] usb 1-1.6: skipped 1 descriptor after interface         Jul  3 22:42:23 straylight kernel: [  724.846334] usb 1-1.6: skipped 1 descriptor after interface         Jul  3 22:42:23 straylight kernel: [  724.846338] usb 1-1.6: skipped 1 descriptor after interface         Jul  3 22:42:23 straylight kernel: [  724.846601] usb 1-1.6: default language 0x0409         Jul  3 22:42:23 straylight kernel: [  724.847101] usb 1-1.6: udev 10, busnum 1, minor = 9         Jul  3 22:42:23 straylight kernel: [  724.847108] usb 1-1.6: New USB device found, idVendor=1532, idProduct=0032         Jul  3 22:42:23 straylight kernel: [  724.847112] usb 1-1.6: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=0         Jul  3 22:42:23 straylight kernel: [  724.847115] usb 1-1.6: Product: Razer Ouroboros         Jul  3 22:42:23 straylight kernel: [  724.847119] usb 1-1.6: Manufacturer: Razer         Jul  3 22:42:23 straylight kernel: [  724.847220] usb 1-1.6: usb_probe_device         Jul  3 22:42:23 straylight kernel: [  724.847225] usb 1-1.6: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice         Jul  3 22:42:23 straylight kernel: [  724.847437] usb 1-1.6: adding 1-1.6:1.0 (config #1, interface 0)         Jul  3 22:42:23 straylight kernel: [  724.847467] usbhid 1-1.6:1.0: usb_probe_interface         Jul  3 22:42:23 straylight kernel: [  724.847469] usbhid 1-1.6:1.0: usb_probe_interface - got id         Jul  3 22:42:23 straylight kernel: [  724.848170] input: Razer Razer Ouroboros as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.6/1-1.6:1.0/input/input29         Jul  3 22:42:23 straylight kernel: [  724.848230] hid-generic 0003:1532:0032.0017: input,hidraw1: USB HID v1.11 Mouse [Razer Razer Ouroboros] on usb-0000:00:1a.0-1.6/input0         Jul  3 22:42:23 straylight kernel: [  724.848240] usb 1-1.6: adding 1-1.6:1.1 (config #1, interface 1)         Jul  3 22:42:23 straylight kernel: [  724.848261] usbhid 1-1.6:1.1: usb_probe_interface         Jul  3 22:42:23 straylight kernel: [  724.848263] usbhid 1-1.6:1.1: usb_probe_interface - got id         Jul  3 22:42:23 straylight kernel: [  724.850516] input: Razer Razer Ouroboros as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.6/1-1.6:1.1/input/input30         Jul  3 22:42:23 straylight kernel: [  724.850550] usb 1-1.6: link qh1-0601/ffff880129a56e00 start 0 [1/2 us]         Jul  3 22:42:23 straylight kernel: [  724.850594] hid-generic 0003:1532:0032.0018: input,hidraw2: USB HID v1.11 Keyboard [Razer Razer Ouroboros] on usb-0000:00:1a.0-1.6/input1         Jul  3 22:42:23 straylight kernel: [  724.850604] usb 1-1.6: adding 1-1.6:1.2 (config #1, interface 2)         Jul  3 22:42:23 straylight kernel: [  724.850625] usbhid 1-1.6:1.2: usb_probe_interface         Jul  3 22:42:23 straylight kernel: [  724.850627] usbhid 1-1.6:1.2: usb_probe_interface - got id         Jul  3 22:42:23 straylight kernel: [  724.851371] input: Razer Razer Ouroboros as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.6/1-1.6:1.2/input/input31         Jul  3 22:42:23 straylight kernel: [  724.851444] usb 1-1.6: link qh1-3008/ffff880129a56f80 start 0 [1/2 us]         Jul  3 22:42:23 straylight kernel: [  724.851507] hid-generic 0003:1532:0032.0019: input,hidraw3: USB HID v1.11 Keyboard [Razer Razer Ouroboros] on usb-0000:00:1a.0-1.6/input2         Jul  3 22:42:23 straylight mtp-probe: checking bus 1, device 10: "/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.6"         Jul  3 22:42:23 straylight mtp-probe: bus: 1, device: 10 was not an MTP device         Jul  3 22:42:24 straylight kernel: [  724.862885] joydev: version magic '3.6.11-ck SMP mod_unload modversions ' should be '3.6.11-ck SMP preempt mod_unload '         Jul  3 22:42:24 straylight kernel: [  724.862928] joydev: version magic '3.6.11-ck SMP mod_unload modversions ' should be '3.6.11-ck SMP preempt mod_unload '         Jul  3 22:42:24 straylight kernel: [  724.862961] joydev: version magic '3.6.11-ck SMP mod_unload modversions ' should be '3.6.11-ck SMP preempt mod_unload '         Jul  3 22:42:29 straylight kernel: [  730.821629] usb 1-1.6: unlink qh1-0601/ffff880129a56e00 start 0 [1/2 us]         Jul  3 22:42:29 straylight kernel: [  730.821913] usb 1-1.6: unlink qh1-3008/ffff880129a56f80 start 0 [1/2 us]         Jul  3 22:42:29 straylight kernel: [  730.834277] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1a.0: reused qh ffff880129a56e00 schedule         Jul  3 22:42:29 straylight kernel: [  730.834285] usb 1-1.6: link qh1-0601/ffff880129a56e00 start 0 [1/2 us]         Jul  3 22:42:29 straylight kernel: [  730.834361] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1a.0: reused qh ffff880129a56f80 schedule         Jul  3 22:42:29 straylight kernel: [  730.834363] usb 1-1.6: link qh1-3008/ffff880129a56f80 start 0 [1/2 us]         Jul  3 22:42:29 straylight kernel: [  730.836957] usb 1-1.6: unlink qh1-3008/ffff880129a56f80 start 0 [1/2 us]         Jul  3 22:42:29 straylight kernel: [  730.837546] usb 1-1.6: unlink qh1-0601/ffff880129a56e00 start 0 [1/2 us]         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  730.862205] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1a.0: reused qh ffff880129a56f80 schedule         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  730.862212] usb 1-1.6: link qh1-3008/ffff880129a56f80 start 0 [1/2 us]         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  730.863232] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1a.0: reused qh ffff880129a56e00 schedule         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  730.863240] usb 1-1.6: link qh1-0601/ffff880129a56e00 start 0 [1/2 us]         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  730.864890] usb 1-1.6: unlink qh1-3008/ffff880129a56f80 start 0 [1/2 us]         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  730.866510] usb 1-1.6: unlink qh1-0601/ffff880129a56e00 start 0 [1/2 us]         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  730.916066] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1a.0: reused qh ffff880129a56f80 schedule         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  730.916074] usb 1-1.6: link qh1-3008/ffff880129a56f80 start 0 [1/2 us]         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  730.918081] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1a.0: reused qh ffff880129a56e00 schedule         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  730.918089] usb 1-1.6: link qh1-0601/ffff880129a56e00 start 0 [1/2 us]         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  730.918750] usb 1-1.6: unlink qh1-3008/ffff880129a56f80 start 0 [1/2 us]         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  730.921368] usb 1-1.6: unlink qh1-0601/ffff880129a56e00 start 0 [1/2 us]         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  730.966209] hub 1-1:1.0: state 7 ports 6 chg 0000 evt 0040         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  730.966467] hub 1-1:1.0: port 6, status 0101, change 0001, 12 Mb/s         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  730.966579] usb 1-1.6: USB disconnect, device number 10         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  730.966581] usb 1-1.6: unregistering device         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  730.966583] usb 1-1.6: unregistering interface 1-1.6:1.0         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  730.979027] usb 1-1.6: unregistering interface 1-1.6:1.1         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  730.997019] usb 1-1.6: unregistering interface 1-1.6:1.2         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  731.023909] usb 1-1.6: usb_disable_device nuking all URBs         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  731.127793] hub 1-1:1.0: debounce: port 6: total 100ms stable 100ms status 0x101         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  731.138749] hub 1-1:1.0: port 6 not reset yet, waiting 10ms         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  731.200606] usb 1-1.6: new full-speed USB device number 11 using ehci_hcd         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  731.211559] hub 1-1:1.0: port 6 not reset yet, waiting 10ms         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  731.287115] usb 1-1.6: skipped 1 descriptor after interface         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  731.287122] usb 1-1.6: skipped 1 descriptor after interface         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  731.287126] usb 1-1.6: skipped 1 descriptor after interface         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  731.287478] usb 1-1.6: default language 0x0409         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  731.287967] usb 1-1.6: udev 11, busnum 1, minor = 10         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  731.287969] usb 1-1.6: New USB device found, idVendor=1532, idProduct=0032         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  731.287971] usb 1-1.6: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=0         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  731.287973] usb 1-1.6: Product: Razer Ouroboros         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  731.287974] usb 1-1.6: Manufacturer: Razer         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  731.288020] usb 1-1.6: usb_probe_device         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  731.288023] usb 1-1.6: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  731.288482] usb 1-1.6: adding 1-1.6:1.0 (config #1, interface 0)         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  731.288511] usbhid 1-1.6:1.0: usb_probe_interface         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  731.288513] usbhid 1-1.6:1.0: usb_probe_interface - got id         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  731.289236] input: Razer Razer Ouroboros as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.6/1-1.6:1.0/input/input32         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  731.289292] hid-generic 0003:1532:0032.001A: input,hidraw1: USB HID v1.11 Mouse [Razer Razer Ouroboros] on usb-0000:00:1a.0-1.6/input0         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  731.289303] usb 1-1.6: adding 1-1.6:1.1 (config #1, interface 1)         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  731.289324] usbhid 1-1.6:1.1: usb_probe_interface         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  731.289326] usbhid 1-1.6:1.1: usb_probe_interface - got id         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  731.291438] input: Razer Razer Ouroboros as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.6/1-1.6:1.1/input/input33         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  731.291467] usb 1-1.6: link qh1-0601/ffff880129a56100 start 0 [1/2 us]         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  731.291512] hid-generic 0003:1532:0032.001B: input,hidraw2: USB HID v1.11 Keyboard [Razer Razer Ouroboros] on usb-0000:00:1a.0-1.6/input1         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  731.291522] usb 1-1.6: adding 1-1.6:1.2 (config #1, interface 2)         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  731.291542] usbhid 1-1.6:1.2: usb_probe_interface         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  731.291544] usbhid 1-1.6:1.2: usb_probe_interface - got id         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  731.292411] input: Razer Razer Ouroboros as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.6/1-1.6:1.2/input/input34         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  731.292518] usb 1-1.6: link qh1-3008/ffff880129a56800 start 0 [1/2 us]         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  731.292567] hid-generic 0003:1532:0032.001C: input,hidraw3: USB HID v1.11 Keyboard [Razer Razer Ouroboros] on usb-0000:00:1a.0-1.6/input2         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  731.292582] hub 1-1:1.0: state 7 ports 6 chg 0000 evt 0040         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight mtp-probe: checking bus 1, device 11: "/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.6"         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight mtp-probe: bus: 1, device: 11 was not an MTP device         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  731.302537] joydev: version magic '3.6.11-ck SMP mod_unload modversions ' should be '3.6.11-ck SMP preempt mod_unload '         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  731.302576] joydev: version magic '3.6.11-ck SMP mod_unload modversions ' should be '3.6.11-ck SMP preempt mod_unload '         Jul  3 22:42:30 straylight kernel: [  731.302606] joydev: version magic '3.6.11-ck SMP mod_unload modversions ' should be '3.6.11-ck SMP preempt mod_unload '      **/var/log/Xorg.0.log**               [   732.888] (II) config/udev: removing device Razer Razer Ouroboros     [   732.899] (II) evdev: Razer Razer Ouroboros: Close     [   732.899] (II) UnloadModule: "evdev"     [   732.911] (II) config/udev: removing device Razer Razer Ouroboros     [   732.920] (II) evdev: Razer Razer Ouroboros: Close     [   732.920] (II) UnloadModule: "evdev"     [   733.201] (II) config/udev: Adding input device Razer Razer Ouroboros (/dev/input/event8)     [   733.201] (**) Razer Razer Ouroboros: Applying InputClass "evdev pointer catchall"     [   733.201] (II) Using input driver 'evdev' for 'Razer Razer Ouroboros'     [   733.201] (**) Razer Razer Ouroboros: always reports core events     [   733.201] (**) evdev: Razer Razer Ouroboros: Device: "/dev/input/event8"     [   733.214] (EE) evdev: Razer Razer Ouroboros: Unable to open evdev device "/dev/input/event8".     [   733.214] (EE) PreInit returned 2 for "Razer Razer Ouroboros"     [   733.214] (II) UnloadModule: "evdev"     [   733.214] (II) config/udev: Adding input device Razer Razer Ouroboros (/dev/input/mouse1)     [   733.214] (II) No input driver specified, ignoring this device.     [   733.214] (II) This device may have been added with another device file.     [   733.214] (II) config/udev: Adding input device Razer Razer Ouroboros (/dev/input/event10)     [   733.214] (**) Razer Razer Ouroboros: Applying InputClass "evdev keyboard catchall"     [   733.214] (II) Using input driver 'evdev' for 'Razer Razer Ouroboros'     [   733.214] (**) Razer Razer Ouroboros: always reports core events     [   733.214] (**) evdev: Razer Razer Ouroboros: Device: "/dev/input/event10"     [   733.214] (--) evdev: Razer Razer Ouroboros: Vendor 0x1532 Product 0x32     [   733.214] (--) evdev: Razer Razer Ouroboros: Found keys     [   733.214] (II) evdev: Razer Razer Ouroboros: Configuring as keyboard     [   733.214] (**) Option "config_info" "udev:/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.6/1-1.6:1.2/input/input34/event10"     [   733.214] (II) XINPUT: Adding extended input device "Razer Razer Ouroboros" (type: KEYBOARD, id 8)     [   733.214] (**) Option "xkb_rules" "evdev"     [   733.214] (**) Option "xkb_model" "pc104"     [   733.214] (**) Option "xkb_layout" "us"     [   733.215] (II) config/udev: Adding input device Razer Razer Ouroboros (/dev/input/event9)     [   733.215] (**) Razer Razer Ouroboros: Applying InputClass "evdev keyboard catchall"     [   733.215] (II) Using input driver 'evdev' for 'Razer Razer Ouroboros'     [   733.215] (**) Razer Razer Ouroboros: always reports core events     [   733.215] (**) evdev: Razer Razer Ouroboros: Device: "/dev/input/event9"     [   733.215] (II) evdev: Razer Razer Ouroboros: Using mtdev for this device     [   733.215] (--) evdev: Razer Razer Ouroboros: Vendor 0x1532 Product 0x32     [   733.215] (--) evdev: Razer Razer Ouroboros: Found 1 mouse buttons     [   733.215] (--) evdev: Razer Razer Ouroboros: Found scroll wheel(s)     [   733.215] (--) evdev: Razer Razer Ouroboros: Found relative axes     [   733.215] (II) evdev: Razer Razer Ouroboros: Forcing relative x/y axes to exist.     [   733.215] (--) evdev: Razer Razer Ouroboros: Found absolute axes     [   733.215] (--) evdev: Razer Razer Ouroboros: Found absolute multitouch axes     [   733.215] (--) evdev: Razer Razer Ouroboros: Found keys     [   733.215] (II) evdev: Razer Razer Ouroboros: Configuring as mouse     [   733.215] (II) evdev: Razer Razer Ouroboros: Configuring as keyboard     [   733.215] (II) evdev: Razer Razer Ouroboros: Adding scrollwheel support     [   733.215] (**) evdev: Razer Razer Ouroboros: YAxisMapping: buttons 4 and 5     [   733.215] (**) evdev: Razer Razer Ouroboros: EmulateWheelButton: 4, EmulateWheelInertia: 10, EmulateWheelTimeout: 200     [   733.215] (**) Option "config_info" "udev:/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.6/1-1.6:1.1/input/input33/event9"     [   733.215] (II) XINPUT: Adding extended input device "Razer Razer Ouroboros" (type: KEYBOARD, id 9)     [   733.215] (**) Option "xkb_rules" "evdev"     [   733.215] (**) Option "xkb_model" "pc104"     [   733.215] (**) Option "xkb_layout" "us"     [   733.215] (II) evdev: Razer Razer Ouroboros: initialized for relative axes.     [   733.215] (WW) evdev: Razer Razer Ouroboros: ignoring absolute axes.     [   733.215] (**) Razer Razer Ouroboros: (accel) keeping acceleration scheme 1     [   733.215] (**) Razer Razer Ouroboros: (accel) acceleration profile 0     [   733.215] (**) Razer Razer Ouroboros: (accel) acceleration factor: 2.000     [   733.215] (**) Razer Razer Ouroboros: (accel) acceleration threshold: 4


Linux Router Load Benchmark

What tools and methods can be used to stress test a Linux-based router/proxy? On the router Squid, Apache Modproxy and Privoxy are installed. The purpose of the stress test is to determine which proxy is best in terms of load. There are three machines, a client, the router, and a server. The tool must be able to log a performance period so the results can be graphed next to each other, preferably using `gnuplot` or Excel. Thanks


lightdm fails to start properly on boot (works from terminal)

I have elementaryOS and after updated my Kernel to 3.11 I get black screen after boot. If I type `Ctrl + Alt + F1` to go to command prompt and then do `sudo service lightdm restart`, lightdm starts correctly. Why its not starting at first? I had troubles with my X stack and drivers before but if that was the problem, I shouldnt be able to start lightdm even from terminal I guess. **Lightdm.log**               [+0.00s] DEBUG: Starting Light Display Manager 1.2.3, UID=0 PID=3650     [+0.00s] DEBUG: Loading configuration from /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf     [+0.00s] DEBUG: Using D-Bus name org.freedesktop.DisplayManager     [+0.00s] DEBUG: Registered seat module xlocal     [+0.00s] DEBUG: Registered seat module xremote     [+0.00s] DEBUG: Adding default seat     [+0.00s] DEBUG: Starting seat     [+0.00s] DEBUG: Starting new display for greeter     [+0.00s] DEBUG: Starting local X display     [+0.00s] DEBUG: Using VT 7     [+0.00s] DEBUG: Activating VT 7     [+0.01s] DEBUG: Logging to /var/log/lightdm/x-0.log     [+0.01s] DEBUG: Writing X server authority to /var/run/lightdm/root/:0     [+0.01s] DEBUG: Launching X Server     [+0.01s] DEBUG: Launching process 3659: /usr/bin/X :0 -auth /var/run/lightdm/root/:0 -nolisten tcp vt7 -novtswitch     [+0.01s] DEBUG: Waiting for ready signal from X server :0     [+0.01s] DEBUG: Acquired bus name org.freedesktop.DisplayManager     [+0.01s] DEBUG: Registering seat with bus path /org/freedesktop/DisplayManager/Seat0     [+1.01s] DEBUG: Got signal 10 from process 3659     [+1.01s] DEBUG: Got signal from X server :0     [+1.01s] DEBUG: Connecting to XServer :0     [+1.01s] DEBUG: Starting greeter     [+1.01s] DEBUG: Started session 3747 with service 'lightdm', username 'lightdm'     [+1.05s] DEBUG: Session 3747 authentication complete with return value 0: Success     [+1.05s] DEBUG: Greeter authorized     [+1.05s] DEBUG: Logging to /var/log/lightdm/x-0-greeter.log     [+1.05s] DEBUG: Session 3747 running command /usr/lib/lightdm/lightdm-greeter-session /usr/share/xgreeters/pantheon-greeter     [+1.70s] DEBUG: Greeter connected version=1.2.3     [+1.70s] DEBUG: Greeter connected, display is ready     [+1.70s] DEBUG: New display ready, switching to it     [+1.70s] DEBUG: Activating VT 7     [+5.20s] DEBUG: Greeter start authentication for bruno     [+5.20s] DEBUG: Started session 4697 with service 'lightdm', username 'bruno'     [+5.20s] DEBUG: Session 4697 got 1 message(s) from PAM     [+5.20s] DEBUG: Prompt greeter with 1 message(s)     [+5.23s] DEBUG: Continue authentication     [+5.29s] DEBUG: Session 4697 authentication complete with return value 0: Success     [+5.29s] DEBUG: Authenticate result for user bruno: Success     [+5.34s] DEBUG: User bruno authorized     [+5.36s] DEBUG: Greeter requests session pantheon     [+5.36s] DEBUG: Using session pantheon     [+5.36s] DEBUG: Stopping greeter     [+5.36s] DEBUG: Session 3747: Sending SIGTERM     [+5.41s] DEBUG: Session 3747 exited with return value 0     [+5.41s] DEBUG: Greeter quit     [+5.43s] DEBUG: Dropping privileges to uid 1000     [+5.43s] DEBUG: Restoring privileges     [+5.45s] DEBUG: Dropping privileges to uid 1000     [+5.46s] DEBUG: Writing /home/bruno/.dmrc     [+5.49s] DEBUG: Restoring privileges     [+5.54s] DEBUG: Starting session pantheon as user bruno     [+5.54s] DEBUG: Session 4697 running command /usr/sbin/lightdm-session gnome-session --session=pantheon     [+5.57s] DEBUG: Registering session with bus path /org/freedesktop/DisplayManager/Session0     [+5.57s] DEBUG: Greeter closed communication channel      **boot.log**                * Starting RPC portmapper replacement                                        [ OK ]      * Starting Start this job to wait until rpcbind is started or fails to start [ OK ]      * Stopping Start this job to wait until rpcbind is started or fails to start [ OK ]      * Starting mDNS/DNS-SD daemon                                                [ OK ]      * Stopping rpcsec_gss daemon                                                 [ OK ]      * Starting NSM status monitor                                                [ OK ]      * Starting configure network device                                          [ OK ]      * Stopping Failsafe Boot Delay                                               [ OK ]      * Starting System V initialisation compatibility                             [ OK ]      * Starting modem connection manager                                          [ OK ]      * Starting configure network device security                                 [ OK ]     Skipping profile in /etc/apparmor.d/disable: usr.bin.firefox     Skipping profile in /etc/apparmor.d/disable: usr.sbin.rsyslogd      * Starting AppArmor profiles                                                 [ OK ]      * Starting CUPS printing spooler/server                                      [ OK ]      * Stopping System V initialisation compatibility                             [ OK ]      * Starting network connection manager                                        [ OK ]      * Starting System V runlevel compatibility                                   [ OK ]      * Starting save kernel messages                                              [ OK ]      * Starting anac(h)ronistic cron                                              [ OK ]      * Starting regular background program processing daemon                      [ OK ]      * Starting deferred execution scheduler                                      [ OK ]      * Starting ACPI daemon                                                       [ OK ]      * Starting CPU interrupts balancing daemon                                   [ OK ]      * Stopping anac(h)ronistic cron                                              [ OK ]      * Starting LightDM Display Manager                                           [ OK ]      * Stopping Send an event to indicate plymouth is up                          [ OK ]      * Starting configure network device security                                 [ OK ]      * Starting configure network device                                          [ OK ]      * Starting KVM                                                               [ OK ]      * Stopping save kernel messages                                              [ OK ]


How to send emaile notification from svn to bugzill?

I get svn email notification for my mail id, The same mail. How to get email notification in bugzilla.


Fedora 20, startup script with network settings work correctly but without real effect

First, I love Fedora 20. :) I'm newcomers from Debian/Ubuntu/Suse, but I real like this clean distro. But I found some problems, and can't move forward with this little things. I have 2 PC in home network, both under Fedora (Gnome and LXDE edition). On "main" PC, who's role is gate to external network, I need run command for sync MTU between interfaces/networks:               iptables -I FORWARD -p tcp --tcp-flags SYN,RST SYN -j TCPMSS --clamp-mss-to-pmtu      I can't found modern replace for this old-school command. All other commands for network like masquerading and change active zone I save by               firewall-cmd bla-bla-bla --permanent      So, one command who's must run at startup system is above "iptables ..". Ok. For this I create new file:               $ cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/setup-mtu.service     [Unit]     Description=Настройка MTU на шлюзе для нормальной работы инета в домашней сети          [Service]     Type=forking     ExecStart=/usr/sbin/iptables -I FORWARD -p tcp --tcp-flags SYN,RST SYN -j TCPMSS --clamp-mss-to-pmtu     KillMode=process          [Install]     WantedBy=multi-user.target      Enable this service. And have good status after reboot:               $ sudo systemctl status setup-mtu.service     setup-mtu.service - Настройка MTU на шлюзе для нормальной работы инета в домашней сети        Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/setup-mtu.service; enabled)        Active: inactive (dead) since Пн 2014-01-27 16:18:06 MSK; 7h ago       Process: 22933 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/iptables -I FORWARD -p tcp --tcp-flags SYN,RST SYN -j TCPMSS --clamp-mss-to-pmtu (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)          янв 27 16:18:06 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started Настройка MTU на шлюзе д...и.     Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.      But in real, I need manual run this command every time after reboot PC. The same problem was happens with other network commands. So I passed this problem with firewall-cmd ... --permanent command. Until MTU sync. :(( I need your help! Why network setting don't real apply at startup scripts with service?


Dual network connection

I have a usb cellular modem and a Home LAN connection on my Ubuntu 10.10 box. Both work independently. I want to know how to have both connected at the same time, and be able to specify which application uses which device to connect to the internet. Does anyone know how to do this?


Open url and fill form automatically

I'd like to create a script to open an url and fill some forms. I don't want to save the form data on the browser, so I think that this script would be a good solution for me. Any help? I know how to open the url, just calling `firefox url` on terminal. Thanks.


Can the Operating System access a particular filesystem after it has been unmounted?

I have mounted a filesystem at a particular directory and I replace a file present in the filesystem.I now unmount the filesystem. Is there any possibility of Operating system accessing the replaced file present in the filesystem?


Round/truncate digit in string in zsh (or with external tool)

I'm trying to do an interface to `bc` so it can be used intuitively and without the annoyance of getting "stuck" in it. I haven't got around to test it that much, because I got stuck on another detail, namely how to present the result (which is, I think, a string). Rounding or truncating does not matter, either one is fine. Take a look below, and you'll understand immediately. I use zsh but an external tool will be just fine as I won't use this in any time or otherwise critical context, it's just a desktop tool.               calc () {         result=`bc <<EOF         scale=3;         $@         EOF`         echo ${result//%0/} # doesn't work; will only remove one zero                             # also, if there are only zeroes, should                             # remove dot as well - what about .333, etc.?     }      **Edit** I'm very impressed by the below solution, especially how the `noglob` gets away with the quotes! But, the use of a dot to force floating point calculation is something I'll never remember (you don't use a normal calculator like that). And it is even a bit risky, especially for calculations when it's not obvious that floating point would yield an altogether different result (most likely the one you wanted). Also, the calculations below show some un-pretty output (the too long real, and the trailing dot). Perhaps I should combine this (some of it) with the output formatting of @Gille's answer below? When I get it to work perfectly, I'll post the result here. ( **Edit:** The accepted answer works great. Be sure to read the comments to that answer, as well.)               calc () {       echo $(($*));     }     alias calc='noglob calc'          calc 1./3     0.33333333333333331     calc 7.5 - 2.5     5.


Tmux not sourcing my .tmux.conf

I installed tmux locally (without root priviledges). I also created my `.tmux.conf` file in my home directory with the following lines:               unbind-key C-b     set -g prefix C-o     bind-key C-o send-prefix      However, `tmux` does not seem to be sourcing this file (my bind key is still `C-b`). I have tried closing and re-opening my ssh session (this is on a remote machine) with no success. What could be hapenning?


How to sort vertically and horizontally?

Before (INPUT.txt):                   Foo#1   Foo#2   Foo#3   Foo#4   Foo#4   Foo#5   SUM     Bar#1   0   0   0   0   3   0   3     Bar#2   2   0   1   0   0   0   3     Bar#3   0   0   0   2   2   0   4     Bar#4   0   0   1   1   2   0   4     Bar#5   1   0   1   0   0   0   2     Bar#6   3   20  0   0   1   0   24     Bar#7   1   0   2   0   0   0   3     SUM 7   20  5   3   8   0   43      After (OUTPUT.txt):                   Foo#2   Foo#4   Foo#1   Foo#3   Foo#4   Foo#5   SUM     Bar#6   20  1   3   0   0   0   24     Bar#3   0   2   0   0   2   0   4     Bar#4   0   2   0   1   1   0   4     Bar#1   0   3   0   0   0   0   3     Bar#2   0   0   2   1   0   0   3     Bar#7   0   0   1   2   0   0   3     Bar#5   0   0   1   1   0   0   2     SUM 20  8   7   5   3   0   43      **Tricky question:** How to sort vertically and horizontally by the SUM column and row in bash or perl? Screenshots: Before: ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/VGZ7q.png) After: ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/yrhUH.png)


Delete rows in a csv file based on a specific column value

I have a csv file with the following headers - Interaction_ID, PDB_ID, First_Residue, First_Chain, Second_Residue, Third_Residue, Third_Chain & Pattern:               AM_AUTO_1,1cx0,A166,B,C118,B,G129,B,A-minor Type I ACG                                 AM_AUTO_2,1cx0,A165,B,C119,B,G128,B,A-minor Type II ACG                                AM_AUTO_3,1cx0,A166,B,C119,B,G128,B,A-minor Type II ACG                                AM_AUTO_4,1ddy,A25,A,C21,A,G8,A,A-minor Type I ACG                                 AM_AUTO_5,1e7k,A33,C,C28,C,G45,C,A-minor Type 0 AGC                                 AM_AUTO_6,1e7k,A33,D,C28,D,G45,D,A-minor Type 0 AAU      What I would like to do is delete rows in the csv file where Pattern = %Type 0% and then print the resulting csv file. The result should be like this:               AM_AUTO_1,1cx0,A166,B,C118,B,G129,B,A-minor Type I ACG                                 AM_AUTO_2,1cx0,A165,B,C119,B,G128,B,A-minor Type II ACG                                AM_AUTO_3,1cx0,A166,B,C119,B,G128,B,A-minor Type II ACG                                AM_AUTO_4,1ddy,A25,A,C21,A,G8,A,A-minor Type I ACG        How I can do this using awk?


FreeBSD kernel nat or natd?

As I notice more often with FreeBSD, there are always plenty of ways that lead to some specific goal. After figuring out which firewall I wanted (I choose ipfw) I now am completely insecure about which way to do Network Address Translation (NAT). As I have discovered now, there are two ways to to NAT, I could use the kernel space `ipfw nat` or I could use the userspace `natd`. The only one of these described in the FreeBSD handbook is `natd`. What I would like to know is what the main differences are between these? Which one is more popular. Off course I would also like to be able to fish, so how I can find out these differences in the manuals/handbooks?


Program to filter lines by passing them to an external program?

I'm looking for a program to use an external program to filter the lines of a stream - pretty much a version of `grep` that, for each line, prints or suppresses it based on whether the specified program exits with a zero exit code (like `find`'s `-exec` option). I know that I can do this in shell by using a loop and a subshell:               some-program |(while read line; do         if predicate "$line"; then             echo "$line"         fi     done)      What I'm wondering is if there's a program floating around that will let me make this simpler:               some-program |filter predicate     # want negation as well     some-program |filter ! predicate      One would think that an enhanced Sed might support this, asking "does it pass on the pattern space?", but GNU Sed does not seem to have such a facility. Is there such a program somewhere that I haven't found, or do I just need to do it in shell (or perl)?


Issues Splitting CSV files

Im trying to split a csv file into multiple files using the below command..This command splits into 5 files but the data is truncated in one of the file? How do I fix this issue?               >>split -n 5 -d -a 2  testfile      I have 5001 lines in my input but the split splits into               file1 - 932     file2 - 910     file3 - 1149     file4 - 1044     file5 - 966      Shouldn't it be 1000 lines per file?


Where is Netbeans installed on Ubuntu?

I installed Netbeans on my Ubuntu 11.10 machine. I used the combined method, so Netbeans and JDK are installed from a single file. However, now that it's installed I can't figure out how to start Netbeans. If I try to reinstall it says that Netbeans is already installed, but if I look in `/usr/share/netbeans` there are the installation files but nothing else. How do I run Netbeans?


ssh prompts for password despite .ssh/authorized_keys

I issued `ssh username@db2workgoup -n "echo`cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub`>> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys"` and then checked that the key was stored in authorized_keys file. But ssh is still asking for the password. I used the same for other servers within our company without any troubles. Someone can help me to ssh without password prompt?   * ssh from OSX   * ssh to openSUSE 11.2 (x86_64)   * permissions are for home dir, .ssh dir and authorised_keys file 700 or less `/var/log/messages` has entry `ec 9 11:09:53 db2workgroup automount[3506]: update_negative_cache: key ".user.ini" not found in map.` from the time I tried to log in . output from ssh -vvv               radek:~ radek$ ssh -vvv root@db2workgroup     OpenSSH_5.2p1, OpenSSL 0.9.8k 25 Mar 2009     debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh_config     debug2: ssh_connect: needpriv 0     debug1: Connecting to db2workgroup [10.0.0.22] port 22.     debug1: Connection established.     debug1: identity file /Users/radek/.ssh/identity type -1     debug1: identity file /Users/radek/.ssh/id_rsa type -1     debug3: Not a RSA1 key file /Users/radek/.ssh/id_dsa.     debug2: key_type_from_name: unknown key type '-----BEGIN'     debug3: key_read: missing keytype     debug3: key_read: missing whitespace     debug3: key_read: missing whitespace     debug3: key_read: missing whitespace     debug3: key_read: missing whitespace     debug3: key_read: missing whitespace     debug3: key_read: missing whitespace     debug3: key_read: missing whitespace     debug3: key_read: missing whitespace     debug3: key_read: missing whitespace     debug3: key_read: missing whitespace     debug2: key_type_from_name: unknown key type '-----END'     debug3: key_read: missing keytype     debug1: identity file /Users/radek/.ssh/id_dsa type 2     debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_5.2     debug1: match: OpenSSH_5.2 pat OpenSSH*     debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0     debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_5.2     debug2: fd 3 setting O_NONBLOCK     debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent     debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received     debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1     debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ssh-rsa,ssh-dss     debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,rijndael-cbc@lysator.liu.se     debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,rijndael-cbc@lysator.liu.se     debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,umac-64@openssh.com,hmac-ripemd160,hmac-ripemd160@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96     debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,umac-64@openssh.com,hmac-ripemd160,hmac-ripemd160@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96     debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,zlib@openssh.com,zlib     debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,zlib@openssh.com,zlib     debug2: kex_parse_kexinit:      debug2: kex_parse_kexinit:      debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0      debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0      debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1     debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ssh-rsa,ssh-dss     debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,rijndael-cbc@lysator.liu.se     debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,rijndael-cbc@lysator.liu.se     debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,umac-64@openssh.com,hmac-ripemd160,hmac-ripemd160@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96     debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,umac-64@openssh.com,hmac-ripemd160,hmac-ripemd160@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96     debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,zlib@openssh.com     debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,zlib@openssh.com     debug2: kex_parse_kexinit:      debug2: kex_parse_kexinit:      debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0      debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0      debug2: mac_setup: found hmac-md5     debug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none     debug2: mac_setup: found hmac-md5     debug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none     debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST(1024<1024<8192) sent     debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP     debug2: dh_gen_key: priv key bits set: 133/256     debug2: bits set: 518/1024     debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT sent     debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLY     debug3: check_host_in_hostfile: filename /Users/radek/.ssh/known_hosts     debug3: check_host_in_hostfile: match line 12     debug3: check_host_in_hostfile: filename /Users/radek/.ssh/known_hosts     debug3: check_host_in_hostfile: match line 12     debug1: Host 'db2workgroup' is known and matches the RSA host key.     debug1: Found key in /Users/radek/.ssh/known_hosts:12     debug2: bits set: 509/1024     debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct     debug2: kex_derive_keys     debug2: set_newkeys: mode 1     debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent     debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS     debug2: set_newkeys: mode 0     debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received     debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent     debug2: service_accept: ssh-userauth     debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received     debug2: key: /Users/radek/.ssh/identity (0x0)     debug2: key: /Users/radek/.ssh/id_rsa (0x0)     debug2: key: /Users/radek/.ssh/id_dsa (0x100123c50)     debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,keyboard-interactive     debug3: start over, passed a different list publickey,keyboard-interactive     debug3: preferred publickey,keyboard-interactive,password     debug3: authmethod_lookup publickey     debug3: remaining preferred: keyboard-interactive,password     debug3: authmethod_is_enabled publickey     debug1: Next authentication method: publickey     debug1: Trying private key: /Users/radek/.ssh/identity     debug3: no such identity: /Users/radek/.ssh/identity     debug1: Trying private key: /Users/radek/.ssh/id_rsa     debug3: no such identity: /Users/radek/.ssh/id_rsa     debug1: Offering public key: /Users/radek/.ssh/id_dsa     debug3: send_pubkey_test     debug2: we sent a publickey packet, wait for reply     debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,keyboard-interactive     debug2: we did not send a packet, disable method     debug3: authmethod_lookup keyboard-interactive     debug3: remaining preferred: password     debug3: authmethod_is_enabled keyboard-interactive     debug1: Next authentication method: keyboard-interactive     debug2: userauth_kbdint     debug2: we sent a keyboard-interactive packet, wait for reply     debug2: input_userauth_info_req     debug2: input_userauth_info_req: num_prompts 1     Password:


Cut command not extracting fields properly in aligned columns

I have a text file in which I must cut the fields 3,4,5 and 8:               219 432 4567 Harrison     Joel     M 4540 Accountant      09-12-1985     219 433 4587 Mitchell     Barbara  C 4541 Admin Asst      12-14-1995     219 433 3589 Olson        Timothy  H 4544 Supervisor      06-30-1983     219 433 4591 Moore        Sarah    H 4500 Dept Manager    08-01-1978     219 431 4527 Polk         John     S 4520 Accountant      09-22-1998     219 432 4567 Harrison     Joel     M 4540 Accountant      09-12-1985     219 432 1557 Harrison     James    M 4544 Supervisor      01-07-2000      Since the delimiter by default is tab the command to extract the fields would be:               cut -f 3,4,5,8 filename      The thing is that the output is the same as the original file content. What is happening here? Why doesn't this work?


SSH tunnel to MySQL for PHP scripts

I need to establish an SSH tunnel so that my local PHP script can connect to a MySQL server on a remote server.               Remote machine: MySQL (127.0.0.1:3306) on Linux (SSH port 44422)     Local machine: Linux (Debian Squeeze)      The problem is that it doesn't allow me to connect with this command:               ssh -oPort=44422 user@ip_address      How do I establish an SSH tunnel so that my PHP script can connect to the remote MySQL? (If you believe that an alternative connection method, such as establishing SSH tunnel via PHP script is better, please let me know.) Thanks in advance! * * * EDIT: I forgot to mention that the SSH has a separate username/password and MySQL has another username/password.


What does this python2 error mean, and what should I do about it?

Whenever I attempt to use an application relating to python2(gnome-tweak-tool, bzr, etc.) it fails to start and, when run from command-line, I get this error:                   [username@host ~]$ gnome-tweak-tool     Traceback (most recent call last):       File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site.py", line 563, in <module>         main()       File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site.py", line 545, in main         known_paths = addusersitepackages(known_paths)       File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site.py", line 278, in addusersitepackages         user_site = getusersitepackages()       File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site.py", line 253, in getusersitepackages         user_base = getuserbase() # this will also set USER_BASE       File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site.py", line 243, in getuserbase         USER_BASE = get_config_var('userbase')       File "/usr/lib/python2.7/sysconfig.py", line 520, in get_config_var         return get_config_vars().get(name)       File "/usr/lib/python2.7/sysconfig.py", line 419, in get_config_vars         _init_posix(_CONFIG_VARS)       File "/usr/lib/python2.7/sysconfig.py", line 287, in _init_posix         raise IOError(msg)     IOError: invalid Python installation: unable to open /usr/bin/lib/python2.7/config/Makefile (No such file or directory)      I had posted this on askubuntu, but was told it belonged here, since I use Arch Linux. Output for python2:                   [username@host ~]$ python2     Traceback (most recent call last):       File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site.py", line 563, in <module>         main()       File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site.py", line 545, in main         known_paths = addusersitepackages(known_paths)       File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site.py", line 278, in addusersitepackages         user_site = getusersitepackages()       File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site.py", line 253, in getusersitepackages         user_base = getuserbase() # this will also set USER_BASE       File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site.py", line 243, in getuserbase         USER_BASE = get_config_var('userbase')       File "/usr/lib/python2.7/sysconfig.py", line 520, in get_config_var         return get_config_vars().get(name)       File "/usr/lib/python2.7/sysconfig.py", line 419, in get_config_vars         _init_posix(_CONFIG_VARS)       File "/usr/lib/python2.7/sysconfig.py", line 287, in _init_posix         raise IOError(msg)     IOError: invalid Python installation: unable to open /usr/bin/lib/python2.7/config/Makefile (No such file or directory)


Running shell script inside with vagrant provision

I have setup a vagrant box using precise64 (ubuntu 14.04) and installed packages needed for octopress. I can ssh into the vagrant box and generate posts and run preview for my octopress site. Now I want to create a provision script to automatically run following commands once machine is up.               gem install bundler     rbenv rehash     bundle install     rake install     rake generate     rake preview      so I created a shell script using above commands. But when I try to run vagrant up or vagrant provision it's giving me following error.               ==> default: ERROR:  While executing gem ... (Gem::FilePermissionError)     ==> default:     You don't have write permissions into the /opt/vagrant_ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8 directory.     ==> default: bash: rbenv: command not found      My Vagrantfile's provision configuration is like this. I tried privileged option making true too.               config.vm.provision :shell, :privileged => false, :upload_path => "/home/vagrant/octopress/start.sh", :path => "start.sh"      What am I doing wrong here? As you can see in above logs, provision script is trying to use gem from /opt/vagrant_ruby/lib/ruby/gems directory. But when I ssh into vagrant box and check the location of gem and rbenv, those packages are located inside users home directory (/home/vagrant). The problem seems to provision script is not using 'vagrant' user's environment variables. But when I check whoami inside the script, I am getting vagrant as output. Is there any way to run provision script with vagrant user's variable?


Sound events in Gnome 3

I've installed Gnome 3 yesterday. I use Gnome Shell. There are no any sound when a window closes and no any sound when I switch windows. Can sound be added (at least when I close a window)?


CentOS yum install gcc error: glibc-common conflicts with glibc

I met a problem with installing gcc on my CentOS. Outputs of my command sudo yum install gcc:               Loaded plugins: fastestmirror     Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile      * addons: centos.ustc.edu.cn      * base: centos.ustc.edu.cn      * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn      * updates: centos.ustc.edu.cn     Setting up Install Process     Resolving Dependencies     --> Running transaction check     ---> Package gcc.x86_64 0:4.1.2-54.el5 set to be updated     --> Processing Dependency: cpp = 4.1.2-54.el5 for package: gcc     --> Processing Dependency: libgomp >= 4.1.2-54.el5 for package: gcc     --> Processing Dependency: libgcc >= 4.1.2-54.el5 for package: gcc     --> Processing Dependency: glibc-devel >= 2.2.90-12 for package: gcc     --> Running transaction check     ---> Package cpp.x86_64 0:4.1.2-54.el5 set to be updated     ---> Package glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.5-118.el5_10.2 set to be updated     --> Processing Dependency: glibc-headers = 2.5-118.el5_10.2 for package: glibc-devel     --> Processing Dependency: glibc = 2.5-118.el5_10.2 for package: glibc-devel     --> Processing Dependency: glibc-headers for package: glibc-devel     ---> Package libgcc.i386 0:4.1.2-54.el5 set to be updated     ---> Package libgcc.x86_64 0:4.1.2-54.el5 set to be updated     ---> Package libgomp.x86_64 0:4.4.7-1.el5 set to be updated     --> Running transaction check     --> Processing Dependency: glibc = 2.5-49 for package: nscd     ---> Package glibc.x86_64 0:2.5-118.el5_10.2 set to be updated     --> Processing Dependency: glibc-common = 2.5-118.el5_10.2 for package: glibc     ---> Package glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.5-118.el5_10.2 set to be updated     --> Processing Dependency: kernel-headers >= 2.2.1 for package: glibc-headers     --> Processing Dependency: kernel-headers for package: glibc-headers     --> Running transaction check     ---> Package glibc-common.x86_64 0:2.5-118.el5_10.2 set to be updated     ---> Package kernel-headers.x86_64 0:2.6.18-371.4.1.el5 set to be updated     ---> Package nscd.x86_64 0:2.5-118.el5_10.2 set to be updated     --> Processing Conflict: glibc-common conflicts glibc > 2.5     --> Finished Dependency Resolution     glibc-common-2.5-118.el5_10.2.x86_64 from updates has depsolving problems       --> glibc-common conflicts with glibc     Error: glibc-common conflicts with glibc      You could try using --skip-broken to work around the problem      You could try running: package-cleanup --problems                             package-cleanup --dupes                             rpm -Va --nofiles --nodigest      I can not figure out what the "conflict" means, and I found nothing after a Google search. How can I get gcc working?


How to find a symlink when the location in which it was created is unknown?

I followed some slightly incorrect instructions to install my video driver. I executed this command blindly and don't know what directory I did it:               sudo ln -s lib /usr/lib64      How can I find that incorrect symlink and delete it?


snd_rawmidi_open() waits forever - no error message

I am trying to use ALSA for MIDI purposes in C. My problem is, snd_rawmidi_open() sort of "crashes" (waits forever like a while loop) when using valuable arguments :               #include <stdio.h>     #include <stdlib.h>     #include <alsa/asoundlib.h>          int main(int argc,char** argv)     {         snd_rawmidi_t *handle_in = 0;         int err;         fprintf(stderr, "TEST 1\n");         err = snd_rawmidi_open(&handle_in,NULL,"hw:1,0,0",0);         fprintf(stderr,"TEST 2\n");         if (err) {             fprintf(stderr,"snd_rawmidi_open failed: %d\n",err);         }         fprintf(stderr, "TEST 3\n");         exit(0);         }      "hw:1,0,0" is a MIDI keyboard. When I use an invalid value like "foo", it gives an error. With a valid one, the program displays "TEST 1" and pauses. Any idea? Many thanks!


How do I get the character count of words in a particular column?

I have a CSV file like this:               abd,123,egypt,78     cde,456,england,45      How can I get the character count of only the 3rd column words? I can't figure out how to get `wc` to do this.


Can Firefox browser plugin/addon do bad things to your files?

Firefox is open source software and can't be intended to do bad things, but the plugins, as I know, aren't open source. Can they be intended to do bad things? Is there any good idea to supervise them or to control their behavior?


Debian 7 - Startx fails to start system

When I boot into the second primary boot loader, I get to the text based console to boot when I type 'startx'. The screen loads, and goes black for 10 seconds. Then when it loads a white screen appears with a computer monitor an sad face on it. Under it, it says               "Oh no! Something has gone wrong"     A problem has occurred and the system can't recover. Please log out and try again      When I click the logout button in the console it reports the errors as follows:               X.Org X Server 1.12.4     Release Date: 2012-08-27     X Protocol Version 11, revision 0     build operating system: Linux 3.2.0-4-amd64 x86_64 Debian     ....     The XKEYBOARD Keypmap compiler (xkbcomp) reports:     > warning:  compat map for group 2 redefined     > using new definition     > warning:  compat map for group 3 redefined     > using new definition     > warning:  compat map for group 4 redefined     > using new definition     Errors from xkbcomp are not fatal to the X server     xinit: connection to X server lost          Waiting for X server to shut down server terminated successfully (0). closing the file      Does anyone know how I can successfully boot into my operating system with startx and avoid getting these errors?


How do I patch an rpm in SLES and automatically rebuild it when updates are available?

I applied a patch to a source RPM, built it and installed the resulting package. All good. But now every time the package gets updated, it gets overwritten with the unpatched version from the official repository. I could of course just lock the package to its current version, but I don't want to miss security related updates. I'd like to patch and compile the source RPM every time an update is available, kind of similar in concept to dkms. Is there maybe some place I could hook a script into? I looked into (lib)zypp plugins but am not yet sure if the task can be accomplished with those. Any pointers to documentation or similar implementations in that direction are much appreciated.


How can I make stdin always get consumed?

Some programs do not read from stdin (such as `dmesg` or `adb logcat`). I usually press `Return` a few times to provide a separation between log lines. When I interrupt the command directly in the shell, everything works satisfactory. However, when the programs terminate themselves (because the connection for `adb logcat` gets lost for example), the shell starts processing all lines I have entered. This usually looks like this:               user@host$      user@host$      user@host$      user@host$      user@host$ # I broke something here     user@host$      user@host$      user@host$      user@host$ TODO LOOK AT THIS     bash: TODO: command not found     user@host$      user@host$      user@host$      user@host$      user@host$      user@host$ # adb is about to get killed...     user@host$      As you can understand, having Bash execute all these lines is quite useless and shifts the last remaining output. Is there a way to consume stdin even when the process terminates?


Is VNC traffic bypassing IPSec and L2TP tunnel?

I have a CentOS 6.5 server running:   * a tightvnc server   * a StrongSwan to provide IPSec VPN   * xl2tpd to provide L2TP/IPSec VPN The VNC clients are:   * RealVNC Viewer on OSX   * Android-vnc-viewer on Android 4.3 I intend to use the two VPN connections to secure the communication between VPN clients and the VPN server, however there is a strange behaviour:   * First, I connect to IPSec (or the l2tp) VPN.   * To verify that the VPN connection is active, I go to an IP lookup website, and confirm that my IP belongs to the VPN server.   * Using the VNC client I establish a VNC connection to the VPN server using the server's public IP address (instead of VPN tunnel address)   * Disconnect VPN. Upon VPN disconnection, all other applications (Skype for example) momentarily lose Internet connectivity, however the VNC connection is not interrupted no matter the client is OSX or Android. How is this possible? Are both VNC clients bypassing IPSec And L2TP VPN?


How does strace know to use /bin/echo instead of failing on a built-in

When I do `strace echo hello`, I see it is using `/bin/echo`, but built-in `echo` should be found first. Is it a functionality of strace to skip built-in commands? strace -- version 4.5.19 I understand that strace won't work on built-in commands the way it works on system executables.


Is there a distribution-independent tool to autocompile+install dependencies?

I like the way e.g. ArchLinux' `yaourt` (or if you're not that lazy, `abs`+`makepkg`; and from what I read so far, Gentoo's `ebuild` as well) automatically take care of obtaining, compiling and installing dependencies (and _their_ dependencies etc.) before compiling a desired package. Currently I'm working with a system that does not natively provide such a mechanism (a Buffalo LinkStation Pro Duo with root access via ssh) and need to compile some programs with horribly complex dependency chains, crawling through which manually is really tedious, so I'm wondering if there either is   * a tool similar to the aforementioned ones, which basically takes a sourcecode directory (or `.tar.gz` or git-repo or ...) and before compiling checks for missing dependencies, more or less automatically obtains their sourecode (recursing until all dependencies are resolved)   * a way to configure one of these tools such that they respect deviations from their own distribution, e.g. installing everything under `/opt` and not attempting to upgrade the (firmware-specific) kernel? Sure enough there are many peculiarities in the general case, but for the sake of it assume 90% of all dependencies merely require a `./configure --prefix=/opt && make && make install` run.


how to view a directory's permission

What is the command with which you can directly view the permission bits of a directory?


Names for ATA and SATA disks in Linux

Assume that we have two disks, one master SATA and one master ATA. How will they show up in /dev?


Resume transfer of a single file by rsync

In Ubuntu, I want to copy a big file from my hard drive to a removable drive by `rsync`. For some other reason, the operation cannot complete in a single run. So I am trying to figure out how to use `rsync` to resume copying the file from where it left off last time. I have tried to use the option `\--partial` or `\--inplace`, but together with `\--progress`, I found `rsync` with `\--partial` or `\--inplace` actually starts from the beginning instead of from what was left last time. Mannually stopping `rsync` early and checking the size of the received file also confirmed what I found. But with `\--append`, rsync starts from what was left last time. I am confused as I saw on the man page `\--partial`, `\--inplace`, and `\--append` seem to relate to resuming copying from what was left last time. Is someone able to explain the difference? Why don't `\--partial` or `\--inplace` work for resuming copying? Is it true that for resuming copying, `rsync` has to work with the `\--append` option? Also, if a partial file was left by `mv` or `cp`, not by rsync, will `rsync --append` correctly resume copying the file?


How to make a Fedora respin that has a custom program icon on its desktop?

I want to create a Fedora custom Live DVD that ships with an icon to a custom program (not in any repository, it's something I made) appearing on the desktop, ready to be executed by the user as soon as he boots the DVD and the desktop appears. I'm using this page as a guide: http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/How_to_create_and_use_a_Live_CD But it's unclear how I would include a custom file like that in the generated ISO. Is it some directive in the .ks file? Where should I place the file, and how do I specify that I want a link to this file on the live user's desktop? Would it help if I made an RPM out of it?


Why is bzip2 needed in the kernel patch instructions?

This is from here. **Extract the patch**               tar -xvzf /usr/src/web100-2.5.22-200810130047.tar.gz          bzip2 web100/ web100-2.6.27-2.5.22-200810130047.patch      **Test the patch**               bzip2 -dc /usr/src/linux/web100/ web100-2.6.27-2.5.22-200810130047.patch.bz2 | patch -p1 --dry-run      I looked at the `.patch`, the diff output of many files and the file `.patch.bz2` after the bzip2 command which is too also the diff output of many files, they seem to be the same. My question is why is `bzip2` even needed to turn the `.patch` into a `.patch.bz2`? Is it for the redirection to std output from the `-dc` option for the patch command? Even if it is, why not just not just use the patch command in the form something like this:`patch -p1 < patchfile`? I don't see why the `bzip2` is done here. Thanks! Also, I think the `bzip2` might have an extra space in the command after `web100/`, right?


Downgrade Gnome 3 to Gnome 2

I have installed fedora16 recently. I don't like the Gnome3 that my fedora got shipped with. I want to downgrade it to Gnome2 as i haven't used any other desktop environment before. Any knowledge about how to do it ?


How can I send single file to multiple remote sites at the same time?

Can `scp` be used to send a single file to multiple remote servers at the same time? If so, how? If not, what's the alternative?


How to regenerate /var/cache/debconf on Debian?

Suppose one deleted (or damaged) the following files/folder.               /var/cache/debconf     /var/cache/debconf/config.dat     /var/cache/debconf/config.dat-old     /var/cache/debconf/passwords.dat     /var/cache/debconf/templates.dat     /var/cache/debconf/templates.dat-old      How to regenerate them?


CentOS 6.5 + KVM (Virtual Machine Manager) create shortcut - Laucher for Guest Machine

How can I create a Launcher on my desktop for guests machines inside of KVM on desktop of CentOS 6.5?


Tmux output is slower when vertical splits exist: why?

When I use Tmux and split the window into panes, I notice that programs are quite a bit slower to print out lines of text when there is vertical split (two panes side by side) than when there is a horizontal split (panes stacked). Does anyone know why?


In bash, is it possible to use an integer variable in the loop control of a for loop?

I have the following bash script:               #!/bin/bash          upperlim=10          for i in {0..10}     do     echo $i     done          for i in {0..$upperlim}     do     echo $i     done      The first `for` loop ( _without_ the variable `upperlim` in the loop control) works fine, but the second `for` loop ( _with_ the variable `upperlim` in the loop control) does not. Is there any way that I can modify the second `for` loop so that it works? Thanks for your time.


bash variables in for loop range

I want to print list of numbers from 1 to 100 and I use a for loop like the following:               number=100     for num in {1..$number}     do       echo $num     done      When I execute the command it only prints {1..100} and not the list of number from 1 to 100.


How to display the permissions of a new file in the status line of the Vim editor?

With the following piece of code I get the permissions for an existing file:               augroup Get_file_perm       autocmd!       autocmd BufWinEnter,FileChangedShell * let w:file_perm=getfperm(expand('%:p'))     augroup END     " Output, e.g.: rw-rw-r--     set statusline=%{w:file_perm}      Unfortunately the `getfperm` function returns the empty string (`""`) for the current file path (`'%:p'`) if it doesn't exist. I had expected the file permissions calculated from the `umask`.


Are .so files in Fedora considered ELF files?

ELF 'Executable and Linkable Format' So if I generate Shared Object files `.so` are those considered ELF files?


moving from user mode to kernel mode

I read the following: > "All processes begin execution in user mode, and they switch to kernel mode > only when obtaining a service provided by the kernel." When it says "obtaining a service provided by the kernel", does "service" refer to a system call like `fork()` or I/O operation like accessing information from a peripheral like a keyboard? Does this mean that during these kind of operations like spawning a new subprocess or I/O operations puts the currently running process in kernel mode and gives it access to kernel low level functions? Here's the source: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/16707098/node-js-kernel- mode-threading


Where to I copy mouse cursor themes in xfce 4.8

I'm running Debian wheezy, xfce 4.8.   Where do I copy mouse cursor themes I downloaded from xfce-look? If you can give me the location to copy themes, icons, and cursors I would really appreciate it.


How come I installed Ubuntu 64 bit on a Pentium 4 machine?

I have just tried booting the Ubuntu 10.10 64 bit live USB on this machine and to my amazement everything works fine. I even installed the system, after which I checked with `uname -a` and the result is > Linux T205-04 2.6.35-22-generic #33-Ubuntu SMP Sun Sep 19 20:32:27 UTC 2010 > x86_64 GNU/Linux This is quite confusing to me. To my knowledge Pentium 4 is 32 bit only. How was that possible? Below is the result of `cat /proc/cpuinfo` (there are 2 CPUs, but the information is the same)               processor       : 1     vendor_id       : GenuineIntel     cpu family      : 15     model           : 4     model name      : Intel(R) Pentium(R) 4 CPU 3.00GHz     stepping        : 3     cpu MHz         : 2800.000     cache size      : 2048 KB     physical id     : 0     siblings        : 2     core id         : 0     cpu cores       : 1     apicid          : 1     initial apicid  : 1     fpu             : yes     fpu_exception   : yes     cpuid level     : 5     wp              : yes     flags           : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov      pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx lm      constant_tsc pebs bts pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl est cid cx16 xtpr     bogomips        : 6000.41     clflush size    : 64     cache_alignment : 128     address sizes   : 36 bits physical, 48 bits virtual     power management:


Is there a Homebrew-equivalent for limited access user accounts in Linux?

I have a few Linux servers that lack necessary `sudo` or `root` permissions, and I'm feeling kind of stuck with my options:   * hand-compile packages to a `~/local/` folder or some equivalent   * work with sysadmins to get some old version of whatever tool I'm wanting installed, likely never to be upgraded again   * try to roll my own homebrew, not having a clue how to do it Is there something for a user in my limited state to be able to locally compile and install various localized applications in the same way I use homebrew on my personal Mac at home?


iptables rule no actions on scapy packets

I wrote this rule to change all `udp` destination IP addresses to `8.8.8.8` when `dport` is 53:               iptables -t nat -A OUTPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 53 -j DNAT --to-destination 8.8.8.8      The rule worked when I used:               dig +short iranled.com @4.2.2.4      `tcpdump` output is:               04:42:38.023348 IP 192.168.1.2.48984 > 8.8.8.8.53: UDP, length 29     04:42:38.242241 IP 8.8.8.8.53 > 192.168.1.2.48984: UDP, length 45      it is OK. But when I create this packet from `scapy`, the `iptables` rule has no result!               sr1(IP(dst="4.2.2.4")/UDP()/DNS(rd=1,qd=DNSQR(qname="iranled.com")))      `tcpdump` output is:               04:43:00.442453 IP 192.168.1.2.53 > 4.2.2.4.53: UDP, length 29     04:43:00.855930 IP 4.2.2.4.53 > 192.168.1.2.53: UDP, length 45      why aren't `scapy` packets changed by `iptables`? **UPDATE** :               #iptables -L -n --line-numbers          Chain INPUT (policy DROP)     num  target     prot opt source               destination              1    ACCEPT     tcp  --  127.0.0.1            0.0.0.0/0            tcpflags:! 0x17/0x02     2    ACCEPT     udp  --  127.0.0.1            0.0.0.0/0                3    ACCEPT     all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0                4    ACCEPT     icmp --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            limit: avg 10/sec burst 5     5    DROP       all  --  0.0.0.0/0            255.255.255.255          6    DROP       all  --  0.0.0.0/0            192.168.1.255            7    DROP       all  --  224.0.0.0/8          0.0.0.0/0                8    DROP       all  --  0.0.0.0/0            224.0.0.0/8              9    DROP       all  --  255.255.255.255      0.0.0.0/0                10   DROP       all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0                  11   DROP       all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            state INVALID     12   LSI        all  -f  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            limit: avg 10/min burst 5     13   INBOUND    all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0                14   LOG_FILTER  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0                15   LOG        all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            LOG flags 0 level 6 prefix "Unknown Input"          Chain FORWARD (policy DROP)     num  target     prot opt source               destination              1    ACCEPT     icmp --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            limit: avg 10/sec burst 5     2    LOG_FILTER  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0                3    LOG        all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            LOG flags 0 level 6 prefix "Unknown Forward"          Chain OUTPUT (policy DROP)     num  target     prot opt source               destination              1    ACCEPT     tcp  --  192.168.1.2          127.0.0.1            tcp dpt:53     2    ACCEPT     udp  --  192.168.1.2          127.0.0.1            udp dpt:53     3    ACCEPT     all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0                4    DROP       all  --  224.0.0.0/8          0.0.0.0/0                5    DROP       all  --  0.0.0.0/0            224.0.0.0/8              6    DROP       all  --  255.255.255.255      0.0.0.0/0                7    DROP       all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0                  8    DROP       all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            state INVALID     9    OUTBOUND   all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0                10   LOG_FILTER  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0                11   LOG        all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            LOG flags 0 level 6 prefix "Unknown Output"          Chain INBOUND (1 references)     num  target     prot opt source               destination              1    ACCEPT     tcp  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            state RELATED,ESTABLISHED     2    ACCEPT     udp  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            state RELATED,ESTABLISHED     3    LSI        all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0                     Chain LOG_FILTER (5 references)     num  target     prot opt source               destination                   Chain LSI (2 references)     num  target     prot opt source               destination              1    LOG_FILTER  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0                2    LOG        tcp  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            tcpflags: 0x17/0x02 limit: avg 1/sec burst 5 LOG flags 0 level 6 prefix "Inbound "     3    DROP       tcp  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            tcpflags: 0x17/0x02     4    LOG        tcp  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            tcpflags: 0x17/0x04 limit: avg 1/sec burst 5 LOG flags 0 level 6 prefix "Inbound "     5    DROP       tcp  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            tcpflags: 0x17/0x04     6    LOG        icmp --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            icmptype 8 limit: avg 1/sec burst 5 LOG flags 0 level 6 prefix "Inbound "     7    DROP       icmp --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            icmptype 8     8    LOG        all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            limit: avg 5/sec burst 5 LOG flags 0 level 6 prefix "Inbound "     9    DROP       all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0                     Chain LSO (0 references)     num  target     prot opt source               destination              1    LOG_FILTER  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0                2    LOG        all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            limit: avg 5/sec burst 5 LOG flags 0 level 6 prefix "Outbound "     3    REJECT     all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            reject-with icmp-port-unreachable          Chain OUTBOUND (1 references)     num  target     prot opt source               destination              1    ACCEPT     icmp --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0                2    ACCEPT     tcp  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            state RELATED,ESTABLISHED     3    ACCEPT     udp  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            state RELATED,ESTABLISHED     4    ACCEPT     all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0


RAID6 scrubbing mismatch repair?

You can initiate a scrub of a mdadm array with `echo 'check' > /sys/block/mdX/md/sync_action`, and if a bad sector is found, it'll rewrite it automatically (from a mirror or from parity information for RAID5/6). However if all blocks read successfully but are found to not be consistent, then this is regarded as a mismatch. In this case repair is complicated because mdadm cannot tell which mirror contains the correct data (RAID1/10) or whether it is data or parity that is corrupted (RAID5). In theory this is not the case with RAID6 if I understand RAID6 correctly. Because double-parity exists, it should be possible to pinpoint where a single corruption is, whether it is data or parity.   1. Is my understanding correct, should this be possible in theory?   2. If correct, is mdadm able to repair this inconsistent data without guessing which block is corrupted?


How to restore my system after reinstalling Ubuntu?

I'm presently having Ubuntu 13.04. I am wishing to change it to the next version by installing the next version i.e. Ubuntu 13.10 using bootable DVD. For that I will 1st download .iso image from Internet and burn it. Now, what I want to know is how to restore my system to the current state after the fresh install. I explain what I mean: I have taken back up of my /, /boot & /home partition (in the current Ubuntu 13.04). Now for the fresh install the current O.S. will be replaced or removed. Then after my system has Ubuntu 13.10, what do I need to do so that my backed up partitions are restored? Is it simply running commands for restoring (like I run tar or cpio or dd command)? This is the 1st time I'm restoring my system after fresh install. If I simply run commands for restoring (say for ex. my '/' file system ) then won't it replace the files on the Ubuntu 13.10 (that are specific to the new O.S.) with those of the old version? If so , then it may make my system not work like Ubuntu 13.10. I'm unclear on this. In other words, are the files residing on / & /boot file system makes the O.S. behave as that particular O.S. If so, then they can't be replaced!!


Replacing tmux with exec

I'm using tmux from a while and I'm very happy with it. Since I need it most of the time, I made it my default shell (in guake, to be precise). This is nice and I'm perfectly fine with this. But from time to time, I need to exit tmux and having a clean shell, but since I'm defaulted with tmux, terminating the session will result in another tmux later. So, my question is: is it possible to replace the _tmux process_ with a given shell? Something like `exec` which, of course, doesn't work, because it replacess the shell inside tmux and not tmux itself.


conditional coloring in grep

I have a simple `bash` script. One line of my script matches a "pattern" with grep and colors the match               grep -i --color=always -- "$1"      I need to modify it, so that it only colors the match, if the line is not a comment (i.e. if it does not start with a `#`). In other words: I still want grep to match the commented line, but without coloring it. Let's say I have following text file (with added line numbers)               1 aaa PATTERN     2 bbb ccc PATTERN ddd     3 # eee PATTERN     4 fff ggg      I need my grep expression to match lines 1,2,3 but only color the lines which are not commented (1 and 2)


Router Firmware for wm8505 netbook

Is there any router firmware that is Linux based that will work on an ARM- WM8505 CPU with a 2 GB hard drive (I think nand flash) and 128MB of RAM. My netbook is useless so I want it to be a router to share 3g data with USB datacard. or tell me to support 3g datacard on android. It has android 1.6 installed by myself (Windows CE 6.0 before). But it does not support my 3g dongle, it's an bluei 3g datacard. Is there any driver for it to use my datacard?


Tape device file does not exist

I am trying to Read / Write data into my HP LTO3 1X8 Autoloader Tape drive. I have the required drivers installed. When I ran `rpm -qa | grep mt-st` I got:               mt-st-1.1-5.el6.x86_64      Further when I ran `cat /proc/scsi/scsi` I got:               Host: scsi1 Channel: 00 Id: 00 Lun: 00       Vendor: NECVMWar Model: VMware IDE CDR10 Rev: 1.00       Type:   CD-ROM                           ANSI  SCSI revision: 05     Host: scsi2 Channel: 00 Id: 00 Lun: 00       Vendor: VMware   Model: Virtual disk     Rev: 1.0       Type:   Direct-Access                    ANSI  SCSI revision: 02     Host: scsi2 Channel: 00 Id: 01 Lun: 00       Vendor: HP       Model: 1x8 autoloader   Rev: 1.50       Type:   Medium Changer                   ANSI  SCSI revision: 03      Further `tapeinfo -f /dev/sg2`:               Product Type: Medium Changer     Vendor ID: 'HP      '     Product ID: '1x8 autoloader  '     Revision: '1.50'     Attached Changer API: No     SerialNumber: 'MXA0633052'     SCSI ID: 1     SCSI LUN: 0     Ready: yes      There is no device file st0 in my /dev location. So I tried to make it by some references from internet. I ran `mknod /dev/st0 c 9 0`, but when I use `mt` command               mt -f /dev/st0 status          /dev/st0: No such device or address      Please point me in right direction


What does a computer actually do with its spare CPU cycles?

When a computer is not running at full load, in the context of Linux, what does it _actually do_? Between scheduled threads, if there is nothing to do, does it spin wait? Does it enter some sleep state? When a computer reports it is at 20% load, does that actually mean (give or take) that it does nothing 80% of the time?


Is there a way to run process parallelly in the loop of a bash script

> **Possible Duplicate:**   >  Parallelizing a for loop The original code might look like this:                for i in *; do something.py $i; done      I was wondering whether I can run these jobs parallelly in the backgroud, such as:                for i in *; do something.py $i &; done      I tried and found the `&` here won't work.. Moreover, a better way might be that bash allow 8 jobs(or any number) run together **in the queue in background** , but I don't know how to do that... Does anyone have ideas about this? Thanks!


Moving Fedora to another computer

I have Fedora 16 - based server (file, MySQL, Web, SVN) that I am going to replace with a bigger machine. I plan to reinstall Fedora from scratch (with the help of `rpm -qa`). I am concerned that I am going to leave something important. Obviously, I am going to copy /home and /etc directories. But, for example, SVN database is in /var/svn, while MySQL is in /var/lib/mysql. I am concerned that I am going to miss some important runtime files. Can anybody point to some migration checklist for common packages? Over time I also put additional help to `usr/share/docs` but I don't know how whether it's easier to backup and restore, or simply install from scratch. I read this post and several others, but it deals mainly with how to move linux without reinstalling. I'd rather reinstall (and I plan to make a few changes anyway), but I won't have both machines for more than a few hours - so backing up everything important is my main question.


Is it dangerous to use Fedora 14 until 2012.01.01?

I have three PC's running Fedora 14 at home, and I'm far away from home until 2012.01.01. When I get home, I plan to migrate them to Scientific Linux 6.1, which has longer support time. Since Fedora 14 isn't maintained after 2011.12.08, is it a security threat to use it after that? The PC's are only used for simple purposes, e.g. web browsing, email, etc. The web browser is Google Chrome, and I installed the Web of Trust plugin a long time ago to add a small amount of browsing security. Should I find a way to install Scientific Linux 6.1, or is using an unsupported distro for 24 days not a major security problem? I don't want to run `dist-upgrade` via SSH because it could kill the OS.


Fedora 15 doesn't find wireless connection

I have Fedora 15 installed on a partition in a Dell laptop. The laptop reports wireless capability in a certain Intel Centrino family, and the drivers for all of these should be in the kernel, according to Intel. The wireless is available to other systems (including the same laptop while booted in Windows 7), but I'm getting nothing showing up. I specified the access in Network Manager, with the "connect automatically" box checked, and nothing. I have one of those little function key traps that turns wireless on and off; neither making sure it's on in Windows 7 and rebooting into Fedora, nor pressing the key while in Fedora, works. Any ideas on how I can get the wireless working? (I'm open to trying another distro if necessary.) **Additional information** Computer is a Dell Inspiron N7110, Intel Centrino Wireless-N 1030. The network controller info on `lspci -v` is:               02:00.0 Network controller: Intel Corporation Device 008a (rev 34)         Subsystem: Intel Corporation Device 5325         Flags: fast devsel, IRQ 16         Memory at f1a00000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=8K]         Capabilities: <access denied>         Kernel modules: iwlagn When I try to turn the wireless on and off, I get this in /var/log/messages:               Oct 30 14:03:50 Yog-Sothoth kernel: [  791.627815] keyboard: can't emulate rawmode for keycode 240     Oct 30 14:03:50 Yog-Sothoth kernel: [  791.627847] keyboard: can't emulate rawmode for keycode 240     Oct 30 14:03:50 Yog-Sothoth NetworkManager[797]:  WiFi now disabled by radio killswitch     Oct 30 14:03:51 Yog-Sothoth kernel: [  791.856562] usb 2-1.5: USB disconnect, address 4     Oct 30 14:03:51 Yog-Sothoth systemd[1]: Service bluetooth.target is not needed anymore. Stopping.     Oct 30 14:03:52 Yog-Sothoth kernel: [  793.517232] keyboard: can't emulate rawmode for keycode 240     Oct 30 14:03:52 Yog-Sothoth kernel: [  793.517260] keyboard: can't emulate rawmode for keycode 240     Oct 30 14:03:52 Yog-Sothoth NetworkManager[797]:  WiFi now enabled by radio killswitch     Oct 30 14:03:53 Yog-Sothoth kernel: [  793.822596] usb 2-1.5: new full speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 5     Oct 30 14:03:53 Yog-Sothoth kernel: [  793.943924] usb 2-1.5: New USB device found, idVendor=8086, idProduct=0189     Oct 30 14:03:53 Yog-Sothoth kernel: [  793.943935] usb 2-1.5: New USB device strings: Mfr=0, Product=0, SerialNumber=0


[drm:intel_enable_lvds]*ERROR* timed out waiting for panel to power on

I get this error when I start mystem. I have been using a multi-boot system. Ubuntu, Win7, Arch. I deleted everything, and try to install Arch, without susccess. I just deleted the MBR with dd. Is there any association? May be due to grub? Would syslinux be better? Do I really need a bootloader, as I have only one OS?


Why my linux does not detect USB storages at runtime?

I have an embedded system with Linux kernel v3.0.35 and Busybox v1.20.2. If I plug a USB flash drive in before starting the operating system the boot process mounts it to the proper place, with the proper file system (/mnt/sdaX). So, it works.   But! If I plug a device in meanwhile Linux is running, nothing happens. lsusb does not shows the device,   /proc/bus/usb/devices is empty,   /var/log/messages and dmesg don't show new informations. Why my linux won't detect USB connection changes?


`crontab -e` sometimes fails with "Creation of temporary crontab file failed"

_From time to time_ `crontab -e` fails on me on a Ubuntu box. It is the same for all users including the root and `crontab -eu <user>` under the root. Goes like this on a regular basis, a success here and there:               $ crontab -e     /tmp/crontab.SHw8Ge: Input/output error     Creation of temporary crontab file failed - aborting          $ crontab -e     /tmp/crontab.L8gEG4: Input/output error     Creation of temporary crontab file failed - aborting          $ crontab -e     crontab: installing new crontab          $ crontab -e     /tmp/crontab.Vvp59T: Input/output error     Creation of temporary crontab file failed - aborting          $ crontab -e     crontab: installing new crontab      I don't seem to be having problems creating files there by hand or script repeatedly:               $ vim /tmp/crontab.Vvp59T     $ ls -la /tmp/crontab.Vvp59T     -rw-r--r-- 1 <user> <user> 6 2014-07-01 04:17 /tmp/crontab.Vvp59T      `/tmp` permissions:               $ ls -la /     ...     drwxrwxrwt  92 root root 20480 2014-07-01 04:24 tmp     ...      Looks like a storage issue to me, no clue how to prove or rule that out. Any ideas what could be causing this and how to test?               $ lsb_release -dc     Description:    Ubuntu 9.10     Codename:       karmic      **Update regarding comments:** `/tmp` disk space use is 5%, inode use 1%. Crontab file size is 13K, ~200 lines. All this seems okay.


Does pgrep output ever include the parameters supplied to the process?

The snippet below (from an existing script) is used to check the `xvfb` processes and whether they are listening on a specific port:                 my_list=`pgrep -u $CurrentUserID -fl Xvfb | grep :${XVFBPORT}`       process_list=`pgrep -fl Xvfb | grep :${XVFBPORT}`      The Xvfb process is started in the following format:                 Xvfb :619  -fp /usr/share/fonts/X11/misc # i.e. in this case XVFBPORT is 619      Apparently this does not work as intended on Ubuntu since the output of `pgrep -fl Xvfb` would give something like:                 4812 Xvfb      , without the ":619" at the end. Clearly, with some additional piping to `ps` this can be easily fixed. Is there some other distro or configuration where `pgrep` would give the output as expected by the script?