Installing Lispworks on rhel 6.5 Workstation. Error when loading application

Does anybody know what this error means and how to get Lispworks Personal edition to run on Redhat? Error:               Error during GUI startup:     Could not register handle for external module "-lgthread-2.0":     libgthread-2.0.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory.      Here is the whole output: sudo /usr/bin/lispworks-personal-6-1-1-x86-linux               LispWorks(R): The Common Lisp Programming Environment Personal Edition     Copyright (C) 1987-2012 LispWorks Ltd.  All rights reserved.     Version 6.1.1     Saved by LispWorks as lispworks-personal-6-1-1-x86-linux, at 06 Dec 2012     16:51     User root on HostName     Error during GUI startup:     Could not register handle for external module "-lgthread-2.0":     libgthread-2.0.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or        directory.          DESCRIPTION: Output Backtrace <and a simple test case, if possible>          IMPACT: Broken/Annoying/Data Loss/Missing Error/New Feature/Performance Loss          URGENCY: ASAP/Current Release/Next Release/Future Release/None                    PRODUCT CONFIGURATION:            LispWorks Personal Edition 6.1.1          Process name: /usr/bin/lispworks-personal-6-1-1-x86-linux        ID: 9597    Started at: 2014/03/20 23:04:07          Save history:          1: lispworks-6-1-0-0-x86-linux-release-base     Saved by davef as lispworks-6-1-0-0-x86-linux-release-base, at 03 Nov 2011 13:25          2: lispworks-6-1-0-0-x86-linux-release-gtk-shaken     Saved by davef as lispworks-6-1-0-0-x86-linux-release-gtk-shaken, at 03 Nov 2011 14:00          3: lispworks-6-1-1-0-x86-linux-release-gtk-shaken     Saved by davef as lispworks-personal-6-1-1-x86-linux, at 06 Dec 2012 16:51     LispWorks 6.1.1 - Personal Edition          Loaded Modules:           Public patches:      Private patches:  CAPI-GTK-DESTROY-REPRESENTATION          Foreign modules:       #<FLI::INTERNAL-MODULE :LISP : exports = 0>       #<FLI::INTERNAL-MODULE :CALLBACKS : exports = 0>       #<FLI::EXTERNAL-MODULE "-lgthread-2.0"  : handle = #x00000000; exports = 0>          Signal Handlers     2       SYSTEM::SIGINT-HANDLER     13      SYSTEM::THE-NULL-FUNCTION     17      SYSTEM::GET-CHILDREN-INF          HOST CONFIGURATION:            Zundrum (x86_64), Linux 2.6.32-431.5.1.el6.x86_64       Red Hat Enterprise Linux Workstation release 6.5 (Santiago)       Kernel \r on an \m          LWSerialNumber: Unknown          Site: Unknown          GTK+ not loaded          Backtrace:     #<The COMMON-LISP-USER package, 1/16 internal, 0/4 external>                    Call to (SUBFUNCTION 1 ENVIRONMENT:START-ENVIRONMENT) {offset 186}       SYSTEM::C : #<SIMPLE-ERROR 200C2DAB>          Binding frame:       CONDITIONS::*IN-SIGNAL-CATCH* : T          Handler frame: NIL     Call to SIGNAL {offset 1446}       CONDITIONS::DATUM     : #<SIMPLE-ERROR 200C2DAB>       CONDITIONS::ARGUMENTS : NIL          Binding frame:       CONDITIONS::*IN-SIGNAL-CATCH* : NIL          Catch frame: CONDITIONS::SIGNAL-CATCH          Binding frame:       CONDITIONS::*BROKEN-ON-SIGNALS* : NIL          Call to CONDITIONS::CONDITIONS-ERROR {offset 430}       CONDITIONS::DATUM     : "Could not register handle for external module ~S:~% ~A."       CONDITIONS::ARGUMENTS : ("-lgthread-2.0" "libgthread-2.0.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory")          Call to ERROR {offset 67}       SYSTEM::ESTRING : "Could not register handle for external module ~S:~% ~A."       SYSTEM::EARGS   : ("-lgthread-2.0" "libgthread-2.0.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory")          Binding frame:       FLI::*DLOPEN-FLAGS* : T          Call to FLI::CONNECT-TO-EXTERNAL-MODULE {offset 319}       FLI::MODULE : #<FLI::EXTERNAL-MODULE "-lgthread-2.0"  : handle = #x00000000; exports = 0>       TYPE        : :MANUAL       FLI::ERRORP : T          Call to FLI::CREATE-EXTERNAL-MODULE {offset 275}       FLI::NAME             : "-lgthread-2.0"       FLI::CONNECTION-STYLE : :IMMEDIATE       FLI::FILENAME         : NIL       FLI::MODULE           : #<FLI::EXTERNAL-MODULE "-lgthread-2.0"  : handle = #x00000000; exports = 0>       OPEN                  : T       FLI::LIFETIME         : :SESSION       FLI::DLOPEN-FLAGS     : FLI::DEFAULT       FLI::ADD-LIB-PATH     : NIL          Call to FLI:REGISTER-MODULE {offset 146}       FLI::NAME             : "-lgthread-2.0"       FLI::CONNECTION-STYLE : :IMMEDIATE       FLI::LIFETIME         : :SESSION       FLI::REAL-NAME        : NIL       FLI::FILE-NAME        : NIL       FLI::DLOPEN-FLAGS     : FLI::DEFAULT       FLI::ADD-LIB-PATH     : NIL          Call to LWGTK:INITIALIZE-GTK-LIBRARY {offset 999}          Call to CAPI-GTK-LIBRARY::ENSURE-GTK-INITIALIZED {offset 21}          Call to (METHOD CAPI-LIBRARY:LIBRARY-READY-TO-START ((EQL :GTK))) {offset 11}       CAPI-GTK-LIBRARY::LOOK-AND-FEEL : :DONT-KNOW          Call to CLOS::CACHE-MISS-FUNCTION {offset 311}       CLOS::ARGS                   : (:GTK)       CLOS::.CACHE-INFO.  {Closed} : #<CLOS::CACHE-INFO CAPI-LIBRARY:LIBRARY-READY-TO-START [8/2] >       CLOS::.GF.  {Closed}         : #<STANDARD-GENERIC-FUNCTION CAPI-LIBRARY:LIBRARY-READY-TO-START 217FEBA2>          Call to CAPI-INTERNALS:START-ENVIRONMENT {offset 60}       CAPI::ARGS            : (:START-FUNCTIONS ((LISPWORKS-TOOLS::START-LISPWORKS-TOOLS :TOOLS (LISPWORKS-TOOLS:LISPWORKS-ECHO-PODIUM LISPWORKS-TOOLS:LISTENER))) :ENVIRONMENT :CAPI)       CAPI::ENVIRONMENT     : :CAPI       PACKAGE               : NIL       CAPI::LIBRARY         : NIL       CAPI::START-FUNCTIONS : ((LISPWORKS-TOOLS::START-LISPWORKS-TOOLS :TOOLS (LISPWORKS-TOOLS:LISPWORKS-ECHO-PODIUM LISPWORKS-TOOLS:LISTENER)))          Call to ENVIRONMENT::START-CAPI-ENVIRONMENT {offset 24}       LISPWORKS-TOOLS::ARGS : NIL          Call to CLOS::CACHE-MISS-FUNCTION {offset 311}       CLOS::ARGS                   : (#<ENVIRONMENT::CAPI-ENVIRONMENT 21BCCF4B> NIL)       CLOS::.CACHE-INFO.  {Closed} : #<CLOS::CACHE-INFO ENVIRONMENT-INTERNALS:ENVIRONMENT-START [8/2] >       CLOS::.GF.  {Closed}         : #<STANDARD-GENERIC-FUNCTION ENVIRONMENT-INTERNALS:ENVIRONMENT-START 20979E5A>          Handler frame: ((ERROR . #<Function 1 subfunction of ENVIRONMENT:START-ENVIRONMENT 21E1A0EA>))     Call to ENVIRONMENT:START-ENVIRONMENT {offset 158}       SYSTEM::ARGS          : NIL       SYSTEM::OLD  {Closed} : #<Function ENVIRONMENT:START-ENVIRONMENT 20979E92>          Binding frame:       MP:*INITIAL-PROCESSES* : (("The idle process" (:PRIORITY -536870912 :RESTART-ACTION :CONTINUE :INTERNAL-SERVER :IDLE) MP::PROCESS-IDLE-FUNCTION))          Call to ENVIRONMENT::I-RESTART-WITH-ENVIRONMENT-AUX {offset 210}       ENVIRONMENT::TTY-LISTENER-P : NIL          Call to SYSTEM::RESTART-HOOK {offset 96}       FUNCTION : SYSTEM::%TOP-LEVEL          Restart frame: (SYSTEM::TOP-LEVEL)     Catch frame: (SYSTEM::IN-START-FUNCTION-ONCE . RESTART-CASE)          Catch frame: (SYSTEM::IN-START-FUNCTION-ONCE . 1)          Catch frame: SYSTEM::EXIT-LISPWORKS          Call to SYSTEM::IN-START-FUNCTION-ONCE {offset 421}          Catch frame: SYSTEM::START-UP          Catch frame: SYSTEM::IN-START-FUNCTION          Call to SYSTEM::IN-START-FUNCTION {offset 57}          Call to SYSTEM::CALL-IN-START-FUNCTION {offset 12}          Catch frame: (NIL)          Call to SYSTEM::START-FUNCTION {offset 50}       SYSTEM::GC-MESSAGES : :DONT-KNOW               SYSTEM::START-FUNCTION           Generation 0:  Total Size 515K, Allocated 490K, Free 17K                Segment 20090128: Total Size 507K, Allocated 490K, Free 13K                         minimum free space 64K,                            Awaiting promotion = 0K, sweeps before promotion =10               Segment 21EDE100: Total Size 7K, Allocated 0K, Free 3K                         minimum free space 0K,                            Awaiting promotion = 0K, sweeps before promotion =2      Generation 1:  Total Size 308K, Allocated 110K, Free 189K                Segment 2070F0C0: Total Size 68K, Allocated 0K, Free 64K                         minimum free space 3K,                            Awaiting promotion = 0K, sweeps before promotion =4               Segment 200540A8: Total Size 240K, Allocated 110K, Free 125K                         minimum free space 0K, static      Generation 2:  Total Size 68K, Allocated 0K, Free 64K                Segment 20F1C640: Total Size 68K, Allocated 0K, Free 64K                         minimum free space 117K,                            Awaiting promotion = 0K, sweeps before promotion =4      Generation 3:  Total Size 30387K, Allocated 30247K, Free 128K                Segment 2010F0C0: Total Size 6144K, Allocated 6139K, Free 0K                         minimum free space 3K,                            Awaiting promotion = 0K, sweeps before promotion =10               Segment 20F2D6B8: Total Size 16066K, Allocated 15934K, Free 128K                         minimum free space 0K,                            Awaiting promotion = 0K, sweeps before promotion =10               Segment 20720138: Total Size 8177K, Allocated 8173K, Free 0K                         minimum free space 0K,                            Awaiting promotion = 0K, sweeps before promotion =10          Total Size 31616K, Allocated 30848K, Free 398K      EDIT: Here is the output from yum install glib2-devel               Setting up Install Process     Package glib2-devel-2.26.1-7.el6_5.x86_64 already installed and latest version     Nothing to do      Here is libgthread*.so               sudo find /*/*/libgthread*.so     /usr/lib64/libgthread-2.0.so      Here is ldd lispworks...               ldd /usr/bin/lispworks-personal-6-1-1-x86-linux          linux-gate.so.1 =>  (0x00a8b000)         libdl.so.2 => /lib/libdl.so.2 (0x00d45000)         libpthread.so.0 => /lib/libpthread.so.0 (0x00402000)         libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x0087e000)         /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x0085c000)      EDIT: Here the error I get on my Fedora 20 x86_64 KDE               ~]$ lispworks-personal-6-1-1-x86-linux      LispWorks(R): The Common Lisp Programming Environment Personal Edition     Copyright (C) 1987-2012 LispWorks Ltd.  All rights reserved.     Version 6.1.1     Saved by LispWorks as lispworks-personal-6-1-1-x86-linux, at 06 Dec 2012 16:51     User root on Zundrum     Error during GUI startup:       Could not register handle for external module "-lgtk-x11-2.0":      libgtk-x11-2.0.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory.          DESCRIPTION: Output Backtrace <and a simple test case, if possible>          IMPACT: Broken/Annoying/Data Loss/Missing Error/New Feature/Performance Loss          URGENCY: ASAP/Current Release/Next Release/Future Release/None                    PRODUCT CONFIGURATION:            LispWorks Personal Edition 6.1.1          Process name: /home/kristjan/bin/lispworks-personal-6-1-1-x86-linux        ID: 2527    Started at: 2014/03/25 18:37:44          Save history:          1: lispworks-6-1-0-0-x86-linux-release-base     Saved by davef as lispworks-6-1-0-0-x86-linux-release-base, at 03 Nov 2011 13:25          2: lispworks-6-1-0-0-x86-linux-release-gtk-shaken     Saved by davef as lispworks-6-1-0-0-x86-linux-release-gtk-shaken, at 03 Nov 2011 14:00          3: lispworks-6-1-1-0-x86-linux-release-gtk-shaken     Saved by davef as lispworks-personal-6-1-1-x86-linux, at 06 Dec 2012 16:51     LispWorks 6.1.1 - Personal Edition          Loaded Modules:           Public patches:      Private patches:  CAPI-GTK-DESTROY-REPRESENTATION          Foreign modules:       #<FLI::INTERNAL-MODULE :LISP : exports = 0>       #<FLI::INTERNAL-MODULE :CALLBACKS : exports = 0>       #<FLI::EXTERNAL-MODULE "-lgthread-2.0"  {/lib/libgthread-2.0.so.0}: handle = #x09D30DE0; exports = 0>       #<FLI::EXTERNAL-MODULE "-lgtk-x11-2.0"  : handle = #x00000000; exports = 0>          Signal Handlers     2       SYSTEM::SIGINT-HANDLER     13      SYSTEM::THE-NULL-FUNCTION     17      SYSTEM::GET-CHILDREN-INF          HOST CONFIGURATION:            Zundrum (x86_64), Linux 3.13.6-200.fc20.x86_64       Fedora release 20 (Heisenbug)       Kernel \r on an \m (\l)          LWSerialNumber: Unknown          Site: Unknown          GTK+ not loaded          Backtrace:     #<The COMMON-LISP-USER package, 1/16 internal, 0/4 external>                    Call to (SUBFUNCTION 1 ENVIRONMENT:START-ENVIRONMENT) {offset 186}       SYSTEM::C : #<SIMPLE-ERROR 200B5DA3>          Binding frame:       CONDITIONS::*IN-SIGNAL-CATCH* : T          Handler frame: NIL     Call to SIGNAL {offset 1446}       CONDITIONS::DATUM     : #<SIMPLE-ERROR 200B5DA3>       CONDITIONS::ARGUMENTS : NIL          Binding frame:       CONDITIONS::*IN-SIGNAL-CATCH* : NIL          Catch frame: CONDITIONS::SIGNAL-CATCH          Binding frame:       CONDITIONS::*BROKEN-ON-SIGNALS* : NIL          Call to CONDITIONS::CONDITIONS-ERROR {offset 430}       CONDITIONS::DATUM     : "Could not register handle for external module ~S:~% ~A."       CONDITIONS::ARGUMENTS : ("-lgtk-x11-2.0" "libgtk-x11-2.0.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory")          Call to ERROR {offset 67}       SYSTEM::ESTRING : "Could not register handle for external module ~S:~% ~A."       SYSTEM::EARGS   : ("-lgtk-x11-2.0" "libgtk-x11-2.0.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory")          Binding frame:       FLI::*DLOPEN-FLAGS* : T          Call to FLI::CONNECT-TO-EXTERNAL-MODULE {offset 319}       FLI::MODULE : #<FLI::EXTERNAL-MODULE "-lgtk-x11-2.0"  : handle = #x00000000; exports = 0>       TYPE        : :MANUAL       FLI::ERRORP : T          Call to FLI::CREATE-EXTERNAL-MODULE {offset 275}       FLI::NAME             : "-lgtk-x11-2.0"       FLI::CONNECTION-STYLE : :IMMEDIATE       FLI::FILENAME         : NIL       FLI::MODULE           : #<FLI::EXTERNAL-MODULE "-lgtk-x11-2.0"  : handle = #x00000000; exports = 0>       OPEN                  : T       FLI::LIFETIME         : :SESSION       FLI::DLOPEN-FLAGS     : FLI::DEFAULT       FLI::ADD-LIB-PATH     : NIL          Call to FLI:REGISTER-MODULE {offset 146}       FLI::NAME             : "-lgtk-x11-2.0"       FLI::CONNECTION-STYLE : :IMMEDIATE       FLI::LIFETIME         : :SESSION       FLI::REAL-NAME        : NIL       FLI::FILE-NAME        : NIL       FLI::DLOPEN-FLAGS     : FLI::DEFAULT       FLI::ADD-LIB-PATH     : NIL          Call to LWGTK:INITIALIZE-GTK-LIBRARY {offset 999}          Call to CAPI-GTK-LIBRARY::ENSURE-GTK-INITIALIZED {offset 21}          Call to (METHOD CAPI-LIBRARY:LIBRARY-READY-TO-START ((EQL :GTK))) {offset 11}       CAPI-GTK-LIBRARY::LOOK-AND-FEEL : :DONT-KNOW          Call to CLOS::CACHE-MISS-FUNCTION {offset 311}       CLOS::ARGS                   : (:GTK)       CLOS::.CACHE-INFO.  {Closed} : #<CLOS::CACHE-INFO CAPI-LIBRARY:LIBRARY-READY-TO-START [8/2] >       CLOS::.GF.  {Closed}         : #<STANDARD-GENERIC-FUNCTION CAPI-LIBRARY:LIBRARY-READY-TO-START 217FEBA2>          Call to CAPI-INTERNALS:START-ENVIRONMENT {offset 60}       CAPI::ARGS            : (:START-FUNCTIONS ((LISPWORKS-TOOLS::START-LISPWORKS-TOOLS :TOOLS (LISPWORKS-TOOLS:LISPWORKS-ECHO-PODIUM LISPWORKS-TOOLS:LISTENER))) :ENVIRONMENT :CAPI)       CAPI::ENVIRONMENT     : :CAPI       PACKAGE               : NIL       CAPI::LIBRARY         : NIL       CAPI::START-FUNCTIONS : ((LISPWORKS-TOOLS::START-LISPWORKS-TOOLS :TOOLS (LISPWORKS-TOOLS:LISPWORKS-ECHO-PODIUM LISPWORKS-TOOLS:LISTENER)))          Call to ENVIRONMENT::START-CAPI-ENVIRONMENT {offset 24}       LISPWORKS-TOOLS::ARGS : NIL          Call to CLOS::CACHE-MISS-FUNCTION {offset 311}       CLOS::ARGS                   : (#<ENVIRONMENT::CAPI-ENVIRONMENT 21BCCF4B> NIL)       CLOS::.CACHE-INFO.  {Closed} : #<CLOS::CACHE-INFO ENVIRONMENT-INTERNALS:ENVIRONMENT-START [8/2] >       CLOS::.GF.  {Closed}         : #<STANDARD-GENERIC-FUNCTION ENVIRONMENT-INTERNALS:ENVIRONMENT-START 20979E5A>          Handler frame: ((ERROR . #<Function 1 subfunction of ENVIRONMENT:START-ENVIRONMENT 21E1A0EA>))     Call to ENVIRONMENT:START-ENVIRONMENT {offset 158}       SYSTEM::ARGS          : NIL       SYSTEM::OLD  {Closed} : #<Function ENVIRONMENT:START-ENVIRONMENT 20979E92>          Binding frame:       MP:*INITIAL-PROCESSES* : (("The idle process" (:PRIORITY -536870912 :RESTART-ACTION :CONTINUE :INTERNAL-SERVER :IDLE) MP::PROCESS-IDLE-FUNCTION))          Call to ENVIRONMENT::I-RESTART-WITH-ENVIRONMENT-AUX {offset 210}       ENVIRONMENT::TTY-LISTENER-P : NIL          Call to SYSTEM::RESTART-HOOK {offset 96}       FUNCTION : SYSTEM::%TOP-LEVEL          Restart frame: (SYSTEM::TOP-LEVEL)     Catch frame: (SYSTEM::IN-START-FUNCTION-ONCE . RESTART-CASE)          Catch frame: (SYSTEM::IN-START-FUNCTION-ONCE . 1)          Catch frame: SYSTEM::EXIT-LISPWORKS          Call to SYSTEM::IN-START-FUNCTION-ONCE {offset 421}          Catch frame: SYSTEM::START-UP          Catch frame: SYSTEM::IN-START-FUNCTION          Call to SYSTEM::IN-START-FUNCTION {offset 57}          Call to SYSTEM::CALL-IN-START-FUNCTION {offset 12}          Catch frame: (NIL)          Call to SYSTEM::START-FUNCTION {offset 50}       SYSTEM::GC-MESSAGES : :DONT-KNOW               SYSTEM::START-FUNCTION           Generation 0:  Total Size 515K, Allocated 260K, Free 247K                Segment 20090128: Total Size 507K, Allocated 260K, Free 243K                         minimum free space 64K,                            Awaiting promotion = 0K, sweeps before promotion =10               Segment 21EDE100: Total Size 7K, Allocated 0K, Free 3K                         minimum free space 0K,                            Awaiting promotion = 0K, sweeps before promotion =2      Generation 1:  Total Size 308K, Allocated 110K, Free 189K                Segment 2070F0C0: Total Size 68K, Allocated 0K, Free 64K                         minimum free space 3K,                            Awaiting promotion = 0K, sweeps before promotion =4               Segment 200540A8: Total Size 240K, Allocated 110K, Free 125K                         minimum free space 0K, static      Generation 2:  Total Size 68K, Allocated 0K, Free 64K                Segment 20F1C640: Total Size 68K, Allocated 0K, Free 64K                         minimum free space 117K,                            Awaiting promotion = 0K, sweeps before promotion =4      Generation 3:  Total Size 30387K, Allocated 30247K, Free 128K                Segment 2010F0C0: Total Size 6144K, Allocated 6139K, Free 0K                         minimum free space 3K,                            Awaiting promotion = 0K, sweeps before promotion =10               Segment 20F2D6B8: Total Size 16066K, Allocated 15934K, Free 128K                         minimum free space 0K,                            Awaiting promotion = 0K, sweeps before promotion =10               Segment 20720138: Total Size 8177K, Allocated 8173K, Free 0K                         minimum free space 0K,                            Awaiting promotion = 0K, sweeps before promotion =10          Total Size 31616K, Allocated 30618K, Free 628K


Execute script when hard-disk's standby state changes (i.e. it spins up/down)

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Expanding variables in zsh

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Shebang line with `#!/usr/bin/env command --argument` fails on Linux

I've got a simple script:               #!/usr/bin/env ruby --verbose     # script.rb     puts "hi"      On my OSX box, it runs fine:               osx% ./script.rb     hi      However, on my linux box, it throws an error               linux% ./script.rb     /usr/bin/env: ruby --verbose: No such file or directory      If I run the shebang line manually, it works fine               linux% /usr/bin/env ruby --verbose ./script.rb     hi      But I can replicate the error if I pack `ruby --verbose` into a single argument to `env`               linux% /usr/bin/env "ruby --verbose" ./script.rb     /usr/bin/env: ruby --verbose: No such file or directory      So I think this is an issue with how `env` is interpreting the reset of the shebang line. I'm using GNU coreutils 8.4 `env`:               linux% /usr/bin/env --version     env (GNU coreutils) 8.4     Copyright (C) 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.     License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.     This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.     There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.          Written by Richard Mlynarik and David MacKenzie.      This seems really odd. Is this a common issue with this version of `env`, or is there something else going on here that I don't know?


Launch R code from within vim-r-plugin as separate window instead of inside tmux/screen?

I use the `vim-r-plugin` to write `R` code in `vim`. It is a nice plugin and I love that the plugin lets me run code directly from within `vim`. However, the `R` prompt is opened in a console which is attached to `vim` using `tmux` and the `vim` screen plugin. This limits my choices when it comes to window management. I would prefer if the `R` console was in it's own window so that my window manager (awesome) can handle the windows separately. Is there any way to do this? I would be satisfied if it was possible to pop out a running terminal from `screen`/`tmux` to run in it's own window using some shortcut.


Difference in output from shell script

I am running a simple shell script which has a for loop and kicks off 16 threads in the back ground and waits for each of them to finish before moving on the next commands. ## Here is the shell:               total_threads=16              echo ""          echo "Running Web Exclusive Item updates ... "           echo "Total Number of threads = " $total_threads          for i in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16          do             echo "Running Thread $i ..  "             ./run_upd_web_excl_items.sh $i $total_threads &          done          wait          echo "Done."                   echo ""           echo "Committing data ... "         output_val=`$ORACLE_HOME/bin/sqlplus -S $UP <<endofsql            whenever sqlerror exit 2            whenever oserror exit 3            SET HEADING  OFF            SET FEEDBACK OFF            SET ECHO     OFF            set serverout on           commit;           /         exit         endofsql`         echo "Done."      As I was running this, the output is coming as follows:               ~> . ./run_upd_web_excl_items_mitctrl.sh          Running Web Exclusive Item updates ...     Total Number of threads =  16     Running Thread 1 ..     Running Thread 2 ..     Running Thread 3 ..     Running Thread 4 ..     Running Thread 5 ..     Running Thread 6 ..     Running Thread 7 ..     Running Thread 8 ..     Running Thread 9 ..     Running Thread 10 ..     Running Thread 11 ..     Running Thread 12 ..     Running Thread 13 ..     Running Thread 14 ..     Running Thread 15 ..     Running Thread 16 ..     Total time for Thread 3 : 0 minute(s), 22.5 second(s).     Total time for Thread 2 : 0 minute(s), 23.3 second(s).     Total time for Thread 12 : 0 minute(s), 24.3 second(s).     Total time for Thread 8 : 0 minute(s), 24.8 second(s).     Total time for Thread 7 : 0 minute(s), 29.9 second(s).     Total time for Thread 1 : 0 minute(s), 30 second(s).     [1]   Done                    ./run_upd_web_excl_items.sh $i $total_threads     [2]   Done                    ./run_upd_web_excl_items.sh $i $total_threads     [3]   Done                    ./run_upd_web_excl_items.sh $i $total_threads     [7]   Done                    ./run_upd_web_excl_items.sh $i $total_threads     [8]   Done                    ./run_upd_web_excl_items.sh $i $total_threads     [12]   Done                    ./run_upd_web_excl_items.sh $i $total_threads     Total time for Thread 16 : 0 minute(s), 32.1 second(s).     Total time for Thread 4 : 0 minute(s), 32.8 second(s).     [4]   Done                    ./run_upd_web_excl_items.sh $i $total_threads     [16]+  Done                    ./run_upd_web_excl_items.sh $i $total_threads     Total time for Thread 10 : 0 minute(s), 33.2 second(s).     Total time for Thread 13 : 0 minute(s), 33.7 second(s).     Total time for Thread 5 : 0 minute(s), 33.8 second(s).     [5]   Done                    ./run_upd_web_excl_items.sh $i $total_threads     [10]   Done                    ./run_upd_web_excl_items.sh $i $total_threads     [13]   Done                    ./run_upd_web_excl_items.sh $i $total_threads     Total time for Thread 14 : 0 minute(s), 35.6 second(s).     Total time for Thread 6 : 0 minute(s), 36.8 second(s).     [6]   Done                    ./run_upd_web_excl_items.sh $i $total_threads     [14]-  Done                    ./run_upd_web_excl_items.sh $i $total_threads     Total time for Thread 11 : 0 minute(s), 37.7 second(s).     Total time for Thread 9 : 0 minute(s), 37.8 second(s).     [9]   Done                    ./run_upd_web_excl_items.sh $i $total_threads     [11]-  Done                    ./run_upd_web_excl_items.sh $i $total_threads     Total time for Thread 15 : 0 minute(s), 38.8 second(s).     [15]+  Done                    ./run_upd_web_excl_items.sh $i $total_threads     Done.          Committing data ...     Done.      Normally, I would have expected an output like this:               ~> ./run_upd_web_excl_items_mitctrl.sh          Running Web Exclusive Item updates ...     Total Number of threads =  16     Running Thread 1 ..     Running Thread 2 ..     Running Thread 3 ..     Running Thread 4 ..     Running Thread 5 ..     Running Thread 6 ..     Running Thread 7 ..     Running Thread 8 ..     Running Thread 9 ..     Running Thread 10 ..     Running Thread 11 ..     Running Thread 12 ..     Running Thread 13 ..     Running Thread 14 ..     Running Thread 15 ..     Running Thread 16 ..     Total time for Thread 1 : 0 minute(s), 26.5 second(s).     Total time for Thread 10 : 0 minute(s), 27.1 second(s).     Total time for Thread 2 : 0 minute(s), 27.5 second(s).     Total time for Thread 6 : 0 minute(s), 27.9 second(s).     Total time for Thread 3 : 0 minute(s), 27.9 second(s).     Total time for Thread 15 : 0 minute(s), 27.9 second(s).     Total time for Thread 9 : 0 minute(s), 28 second(s).     Total time for Thread 5 : 0 minute(s), 28 second(s).     Total time for Thread 16 : 0 minute(s), 28.1 second(s).     Total time for Thread 8 : 0 minute(s), 30.5 second(s).     Total time for Thread 12 : 0 minute(s), 31 second(s).     Total time for Thread 11 : 0 minute(s), 31.5 second(s).     Total time for Thread 7 : 0 minute(s), 31.9 second(s).     Total time for Thread 14 : 0 minute(s), 32 second(s).     Total time for Thread 13 : 0 minute(s), 32.7 second(s).     Total time for Thread 4 : 0 minute(s), 34.8 second(s).     Done.          Committing data ...     Done.      I am not able to figure out why the shell is printing the extra lines like :               [13]   Done                    ./run_upd_web_excl_items.sh $i  $total_threads      Any thoughts?


SSH to Windows 7 with cygwin openSSH freezes when remote conection

**When I SSH into Windows 7(Cygwin) from a remote, the session freezes after few seconds or up to two minutes. This can happen while I'm typing and it can happen when idle. This is still happening after cygwin has been re- installed.** I'm SSH'ing to a Windows 7 system from a Fedora 20. Fedora has also been re- intalled. And it is still happening after both Cygwin and Fedora have been re- installed. I need to do= "enter" "~" "." to get my terminal back. What is the cause of this? I'm not at the remote location now, but I can connect with ssh -vvv when I get there to give some debugging. EDIT: I was not able to reproduce the problem, the problem seems to have gone away, changing the config files did not fix the problem before, so I can't understand why the problem is gone? I just did two sessions from different ip's and it didn't freeze. Here are the debug from one of the sessions:               [UserName@HostName ~]$ ssh -X -vvv UserName@HostName -p Port     OpenSSH_6.4, OpenSSL 1.0.1e-fips 11 Feb 2013     debug1: Reading configuration data /home/UserName/.ssh/config     debug1: /home/UserName/.ssh/config line 20: Applying options for *     debug1: /home/UserName/.ssh/config line 54: Applying options for *     debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config     debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 20: Applying options for *     debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 54: Applying options for *     debug2: ssh_connect: needpriv 0     debug1: Connecting to HostName [HostName] port Port.     debug2: fd 3 setting O_NONBLOCK     debug1: fd 3 clearing O_NONBLOCK     debug1: Connection established.     debug3: timeout: 499954 ms remain after connect     debug1: identity file /home/UserName/.ssh/id_rsa type -1     debug1: identity file /home/UserName/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1     debug1: identity file /home/UserName/.ssh/id_dsa type -1     debug1: identity file /home/UserName/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1     debug1: identity file /home/UserName/.ssh/id_ecdsa type -1     debug1: identity file /home/UserName/.ssh/id_ecdsa-cert type -1     debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0     debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_6.4     debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_6.6     debug1: match: OpenSSH_6.6 pat OpenSSH*     debug2: fd 3 setting O_NONBLOCK     debug3: put_host_port: [HostName]:Port     debug3: load_hostkeys: loading entries for host "[HostName]:34500" from file "/home/UserName/.ssh/known_hosts"     debug3: load_hostkeys: found key type ECDSA in file /home/UserName/.ssh/known_hosts:10     debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys     debug3: order_hostkeyalgs: prefer hostkeyalgs: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521     debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent     debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received     debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1     debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521,ssh-rsa-cert-v01@openssh.com,ssh-dss-cert-v01@openssh.com,ssh-rsa-cert-v00@openssh.com,ssh-dss-cert-v00@openssh.com,ssh-rsa,ssh-dss     debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,rijndael-cbc@lysator.liu.se     debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,rijndael-cbc@lysator.liu.se     debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-ripemd160-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-96-etm@openssh.com,hmac-md5-96-etm@openssh.com,hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,umac-64@openssh.com,umac-128@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-ripemd160,hmac-ripemd160@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96     debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-ripemd160-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-96-etm@openssh.com,hmac-md5-96-etm@openssh.com,hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,umac-64@openssh.com,umac-128@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-ripemd160,hmac-ripemd160@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96     debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,zlib@openssh.com,zlib     debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,zlib@openssh.com,zlib     debug2: kex_parse_kexinit:      debug2: kex_parse_kexinit:      debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0      debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0      debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: curve25519-sha256@libssh.org,ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1     debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ssh-rsa,ssh-dss,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ssh-ed25519     debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com,chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,rijndael-cbc@lysator.liu.se     debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com,chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,rijndael-cbc@lysator.liu.se     debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-ripemd160-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-96-etm@openssh.com,hmac-md5-96-etm@openssh.com,hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,umac-64@openssh.com,umac-128@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-ripemd160,hmac-ripemd160@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96     debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-ripemd160-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-96-etm@openssh.com,hmac-md5-96-etm@openssh.com,hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,umac-64@openssh.com,umac-128@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-ripemd160,hmac-ripemd160@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96     debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,zlib@openssh.com     debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,zlib@openssh.com     debug2: kex_parse_kexinit:      debug2: kex_parse_kexinit:      debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0      debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0      debug2: mac_setup: found hmac-md5-etm@openssh.com     debug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-md5-etm@openssh.com none     debug2: mac_setup: found hmac-md5-etm@openssh.com     debug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-md5-etm@openssh.com none     debug1: sending SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_INIT     debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_REPLY     debug1: Server host key: ECDSA b5:05:1a:33:1b:44:21:ae:00:37:0f:2b:24:ae:41:26     debug3: put_host_port: [HostName]:Port     debug3: put_host_port: [HostName]:Port     debug3: load_hostkeys: loading entries for host "[HostName]:Port" from file "/home/UserName/.ssh/known_hosts"     debug3: load_hostkeys: found key type ECDSA in file /home/UserName/.ssh/known_hosts:10     debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys     debug3: load_hostkeys: loading entries for host "[HostName]:Port" from file "/home/UserName/.ssh/known_hosts"     debug3: load_hostkeys: found key type ECDSA in file /home/UserName/.ssh/known_hosts:10     debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys     debug1: Host '[HostName]:Port' is known and matches the ECDSA host key.     debug1: Found key in /home/UserName/.ssh/known_hosts:10     debug1: ssh_ecdsa_verify: signature correct     debug2: kex_derive_keys     debug2: set_newkeys: mode 1     debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent     debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS     debug2: set_newkeys: mode 0     debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received     debug1: Roaming not allowed by server     debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent     debug2: service_accept: ssh-userauth     debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received     debug2: key: /home/UserName/.ssh/id_rsa ((nil)),     debug2: key: /home/UserName/.ssh/id_dsa ((nil)),     debug2: key: /home/UserName/.ssh/id_ecdsa ((nil)),     debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password,keyboard-interactive     debug3: start over, passed a different list publickey,password,keyboard-interactive     debug3: preferred gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic,publickey,keyboard-interactive,password     debug3: authmethod_lookup publickey     debug3: remaining preferred: keyboard-interactive,password     debug3: authmethod_is_enabled publickey     debug1: Next authentication method: publickey     debug1: Trying private key: /home/UserName/.ssh/id_rsa     debug3: no such identity: /home/UserName/.ssh/id_rsa: No such file or directory     debug1: Trying private key: /home/UserName/.ssh/id_dsa     debug3: no such identity: /home/UserName/.ssh/id_dsa: No such file or directory     debug1: Trying private key: /home/UserName/.ssh/id_ecdsa     debug3: no such identity: /home/UserName/.ssh/id_ecdsa: No such file or directory     debug2: we did not send a packet, disable method     debug3: authmethod_lookup keyboard-interactive     debug3: remaining preferred: password     debug3: authmethod_is_enabled keyboard-interactive     debug1: Next authentication method: keyboard-interactive     debug2: userauth_kbdint     debug2: we sent a keyboard-interactive packet, wait for reply     debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password,keyboard-interactive     debug3: userauth_kbdint: disable: no info_req_seen     debug2: we did not send a packet, disable method     debug3: authmethod_lookup password     debug3: remaining preferred:      debug3: authmethod_is_enabled password     debug1: Next authentication method: password     UserName@HostName's password:      debug3: packet_send2: adding 48 (len 66 padlen 14 extra_pad 64)     debug2: we sent a password packet, wait for reply     debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password,keyboard-interactive     Permission denied, please try again.     UserName@HostName's password:      debug3: packet_send2: adding 48 (len 68 padlen 12 extra_pad 64)     debug2: we sent a password packet, wait for reply     debug1: Authentication succeeded (password).     Authenticated to HostName ([HostName]:Port).     debug1: Requesting tun unit 2147483647 in mode 1     debug1: sys_tun_open: failed to configure tunnel (mode 1): Operation not permitted     Tunnel device open failed.     Could not request tunnel forwarding.     debug1: channel 0: new [client-session]     debug3: ssh_session2_open: channel_new: 0     debug2: channel 0: send open     debug1: Requesting no-more-sessions@openssh.com     debug1: Entering interactive session.     debug2: callback start     debug2: x11_get_proto: /usr/bin/xauth  list :0 2>/dev/null     debug1: Requesting X11 forwarding with authentication spoofing.     debug2: channel 0: request x11-req confirm 1     debug2: fd 3 setting TCP_NODELAY     debug3: packet_set_tos: set IP_TOS 0x10     debug2: client_session2_setup: id 0     debug2: channel 0: request pty-req confirm 1     debug1: Sending environment.     debug3: Ignored env XDG_VTNR     debug3: Ignored env DREAL_TECHNO_NAME     debug3: Ignored env MANPATH     debug3: Ignored env VH_PATSFX     debug3: Ignored env SSH_AGENT_PID     debug3: Ignored env KDE_MULTIHEAD     debug3: Ignored env TPD_GLOBAL     debug3: Ignored env XDG_SESSION_ID     debug3: Ignored env DM_CONTROL     debug3: Ignored env HOSTNAME     debug3: Ignored env IMSETTINGS_INTEGRATE_DESKTOP     debug3: Ignored env GPG_AGENT_INFO     debug3: Ignored env MBK_IN_PH     debug3: Ignored env TERM     debug3: Ignored env SHELL     debug3: Ignored env XDG_MENU_PREFIX     debug3: Ignored env XSCH_PARAM_NAME     debug3: Ignored env HISTSIZE     debug3: Ignored env XDM_MANAGED     debug3: Ignored env GTK2_RC_FILES     debug3: Ignored env KONSOLE_DBUS_SERVICE     debug3: Ignored env KONSOLE_PROFILE_NAME     debug3: Ignored env VH_MAXERR     debug3: Ignored env GTK_RC_FILES     debug3: Ignored env GS_LIB     debug3: Ignored env WINDOWID     debug3: Ignored env QTDIR     debug3: Ignored env RDS_OUT     debug3: Ignored env GNOME_KEYRING_CONTROL     debug3: Ignored env QTINC     debug3: Ignored env SHELL_SESSION_ID     debug3: Ignored env XFSM_PARAM_NAME     debug3: Ignored env ALLIANCE_TOP     debug3: Ignored env GRAAL_TECHNO_NAME     debug3: Ignored env KDE_FULL_SESSION     debug3: Ignored env TPD_LOCAL     debug3: Ignored env IMSETTINGS_MODULE     debug3: Ignored env QT_GRAPHICSSYSTEM_CHECKED     debug3: Ignored env USER     debug3: Ignored env LS_COLORS     debug3: Ignored env LD_LIBRARY_PATH     debug3: Ignored env SSH_AUTH_SOCK     debug3: Ignored env SESSION_MANAGER     debug3: Ignored env DESKTOP_SESSION     debug3: Ignored env PATH     debug3: Ignored env MAIL     debug3: Ignored env MBK_SCALE_X     debug3: Ignored env QT_IM_MODULE     debug3: Ignored env MBK_CATAL_NAME     debug3: Ignored env PWD     debug1: Sending env XMODIFIERS = @im=none     debug2: channel 0: request env confirm 0     debug3: Ignored env KONSOLE_DBUS_WINDOW     debug3: Ignored env MBK_OUT_PH     debug1: Sending env LANG = en_US.UTF-8     debug2: channel 0: request env confirm 0     debug3: Ignored env KDE_IS_PRELINKED     debug3: Ignored env GNOME_KEYRING_PID     debug3: Ignored env KDE_SESSION_UID     debug3: Ignored env GENVIEW_TECHNO_NAME     debug3: Ignored env RDS_IN     debug3: Ignored env MBK_SPI_MODEL     debug3: Ignored env KDEDIRS     debug3: Ignored env MBK_OUT_LO     debug3: Ignored env KONSOLE_DBUS_SESSION     debug3: Ignored env MBK_VSS     debug3: Ignored env HISTCONTROL     debug3: Ignored env VH_BEHSFX     debug3: Ignored env SSH_ASKPASS     debug3: Ignored env COLORFGBG     debug3: Ignored env SHLVL     debug3: Ignored env XDG_SEAT     debug3: Ignored env HOME     debug3: Ignored env KDE_SESSION_VERSION     debug1: Sending env LANGUAGE =      debug2: channel 0: request env confirm 0     debug3: Ignored env MBK_C4_LIB     debug3: Ignored env MBK_VDD     debug3: Ignored env MBK_TARGET_LIB     debug3: Ignored env XCURSOR_THEME     debug3: Ignored env RDS_TECHNO_NAME     debug3: Ignored env LOGNAME     debug3: Ignored env VH_DLYSFX     debug3: Ignored env QTLIB     debug3: Ignored env CVS_RSH     debug3: Ignored env DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS     debug3: Ignored env XDG_DATA_DIRS     debug3: Ignored env MBK_IN_LO     debug3: Ignored env LESSOPEN     debug3: Ignored env MBK_WORK_LIB     debug3: Ignored env XPAT_PARAM_NAME     debug3: Ignored env WINDOWPATH     debug3: Ignored env PROFILEHOME     debug3: Ignored env XDG_RUNTIME_DIR     debug3: Ignored env DISPLAY     debug3: Ignored env QT_PLUGIN_PATH     debug3: Ignored env XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP     debug3: Ignored env GTK_IM_MODULE     debug3: Ignored env ELP_TECHNO_NAME     debug3: Ignored env MBK_CATA_LIB     debug3: Ignored env CCACHE_HASHDIR     debug3: Ignored env XAUTHORITY     debug3: Ignored env _     debug2: channel 0: request shell confirm 1     debug2: callback done     debug2: channel 0: open confirm rwindow 0 rmax 32768     debug2: channel_input_status_confirm: type 99 id 0     debug2: X11 forwarding request accepted on channel 0     debug2: channel_input_status_confirm: type 99 id 0     debug2: PTY allocation request accepted on channel 0     debug2: channel 0: rcvd adjust 2097152     debug2: channel_input_status_confirm: type 99 id 0     debug2: shell request accepted on channel 0     Last login: Wed Apr 16 23:58:48 2014 from HostName           ____________________,             ______________________________________        .QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQL_         |                                      |      .gQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ__   |                                      |      gQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ==   |                    _.---.)           |      QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQF=         |          (^--^)_.-"      `;          |      QQQQQQQQQ================!            |          ) ee (           |          |      QQQQQQQQ                              |         (_.__._)         /           |      QQQQQQQQ                              |           `--',        ,'            |      QQQQQQQQ     ~"jjj__,                 |            jgs )_|--')_|             |      QQQQQQQQ       "jjjjjjjjjj___         |                ""'   ""'             |      QQQQQQQQ        ~jjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjj__  |                                      |      QQQQQQQQ        _jjjjjjjjjjjjjj/~~~~  |      The Hippo says: Welcome to      |      QQQQQQQQ      .{jjjjjjj/~~~~~         |                             _        |      QQQQQQQQ     .{/~~~~`                 |  ____  _   _   ____  _ _ _ (_) ____  |      QQQQQQQQ                              | / ___)| | | | / _  || | | || ||  _ \ |      QQQQQQQQ                              |( (___ | |_| |( (_| || | | || || | | ||      QQQQQQQQQL_______________,            | \____) \__  | \___ | \___/ |_||_| |_||      QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQL___       |        (___/  (____|                 |      4QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ___  |                                      |      (=QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ====   |       -.-. -.-- --. .-- .. -.        |        (QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQF=         |______________________________________|               UserName@HostName ~     $ ls          UserName@HostName ~     $ nano thisIsATest          UserName@HostName ~     $ gedit &     [1] 2556          UserName@HostName ~     $ debug1: client_input_channel_open: ctype x11 rchan 3 win 65536 max 16384     debug1: client_request_x11: request from ::1 62165     debug2: fd 7 setting O_NONBLOCK     debug3: fd 7 is O_NONBLOCK     debug1: channel 1: new [x11]     debug1: confirm x11     debug2: channel 1: rcvd eof     debug2: channel 1: output open -> drain     debug2: channel 1: obuf empty     debug2: channel 1: close_write     debug2: channel 1: output drain -> closed     debug1: channel 1: FORCE input drain     debug2: channel 1: ibuf empty     debug2: channel 1: send eof     debug2: channel 1: input drain -> closed     debug2: channel 1: send close     debug3: channel 1: will not send data after close     debug3: channel 1: will not send data after close          ** (gedit:2556): WARNING **: Couldn't connect to accessibility bus: Operating system does not support abstract socket namespace          debug3: channel 1: will not send data after close     debug2: channel 1: rcvd close     debug3: channel 1: will not send data after close     debug2: channel 1: is dead     debug2: channel 1: garbage collecting     debug1: channel 1: free: x11, nchannels 2     debug3: channel 1: status: The following connections are open:       #0 client-session (t4 r0 i0/0 o0/0 fd 4/5 cc -1)       #1 x11 (t4 r3 i3/0 o3/0 fd 7/7 cc -1)          debug1: client_input_channel_open: ctype x11 rchan 3 win 65536 max 16384     debug1: client_request_x11: request from ::1 62167     debug2: fd 7 setting O_NONBLOCK     debug3: fd 7 is O_NONBLOCK     debug1: channel 1: new [x11]     debug1: confirm x11     debug1: client_input_channel_open: ctype x11 rchan 4 win 65536 max 16384     debug1: client_request_x11: request from ::1 62172     debug2: fd 8 setting O_NONBLOCK     debug3: fd 8 is O_NONBLOCK     debug1: channel 2: new [x11]     debug1: confirm x11     debug1: client_input_channel_open: ctype x11 rchan 5 win 65536 max 16384     debug1: client_request_x11: request from ::1 62173     debug2: fd 9 setting O_NONBLOCK     debug3: fd 9 is O_NONBLOCK     debug1: channel 3: new [x11]     debug1: confirm x11     debug2: channel 3: rcvd eof     debug2: channel 3: output open -> drain     debug2: channel 3: obuf empty     debug2: channel 3: close_write     debug2: channel 3: output drain -> closed     debug1: channel 3: FORCE input drain     debug2: channel 3: ibuf empty     debug2: channel 3: send eof     debug2: channel 3: input drain -> closed     debug2: channel 3: send close     debug3: channel 3: will not send data after close     debug2: channel 3: rcvd close     debug3: channel 3: will not send data after close     debug2: channel 3: is dead     debug2: channel 3: garbage collecting     debug1: channel 3: free: x11, nchannels 4     debug3: channel 3: status: The following connections are open:       #0 client-session (t4 r0 i0/0 o0/0 fd 4/5 cc -1)       #1 x11 (t4 r3 i0/0 o0/0 fd 7/7 cc -1)       #2 x11 (t4 r4 i0/0 o0/0 fd 8/8 cc -1)       #3 x11 (t4 r5 i3/0 o3/0 fd 9/9 cc -1)          ^C     [1]+  Done                    gedit          UserName@HostName ~     $ jobs          UserName@HostName ~     $ kill %1 %2 %3 %4     -bash: kill: %1: no such job     -bash: kill: %2: no such job     -bash: kill: %3: no such job     -bash: kill: %4: no such job          UserName@HostName ~     $ firefox     -bash: firefox: command not found          UserName@HostName ~     $ ls     thisIsATest          UserName@HostName ~     $ exit     logout     debug1: client_input_channel_req: channel 0 rtype exit-status reply 0     debug1: client_input_channel_req: channel 0 rtype eow@openssh.com reply 0     debug2: channel 0: rcvd eow     debug2: channel 0: close_read     debug2: channel 0: input open -> closed     debug2: channel 0: rcvd eof     debug2: channel 0: output open -> drain     debug2: channel 0: obuf empty     debug2: channel 0: close_write     debug2: channel 0: output drain -> closed     debug2: channel 0: rcvd close     debug3: channel 0: will not send data after close     debug2: channel 0: almost dead     debug2: channel 0: gc: notify user     debug2: channel 0: gc: user detached     debug2: channel 0: send close     debug2: channel 0: is dead     debug2: channel 0: garbage collecting     debug1: channel 0: free: client-session, nchannels 3     debug3: channel 0: status: The following connections are open:       #0 client-session (t4 r0 i3/0 o3/0 fd -1/-1 cc -1)       #1 x11 (t4 r3 i0/0 o0/0 fd 7/7 cc -1)       #2 x11 (t4 r4 i0/0 o0/0 fd 8/8 cc -1)


.profile in SCO

Where can I find the `.profile` in my user's logon in SCO? I am needing to edit it, so I can add a `PATH` to it, so that my `PATH` loads up in start up. I have to add:               echo $PATH      ... as I have already edited the `PATH`. Any help on where to find this `.profile` file would be greatly appreciated.


Can I get my iTerm key-combos working in tmux?

I have some shortcut keys defined in iTerm, and I use them for key-mappings in Vim. For example, I map `Ctrl-Enter` to send a `^[O2P` escape code, which I then use to define a `Ctrl-Enter` key-mapping in my Vim: ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/rUC1H.png)               set       <F13>=O2P     map       <F13> <C-CR>     inoremap <C-CR> <C-O>o      It works in a regular iTerm session, and in a screen session, but it _not_ in a tmux session. How can I fix this to work with tmux? I'm transitioning away from screen and really enjoying tmux aside from this hangup.


Monitoring USB traffic

Kernel version: 2.6.31-22 I wish to monitor the USB traffic to and from a device. I've searched, but different sites seem to give different information and I'm confused.   1. Some sites suggest that I need to recompile the kernel, while others suggest that all I need to do is install the latest wireshark. Do I need to recompile?   2. Can someone suggest a website describing the most recent approach to USB sniffing?


Trouble installing or booting into Ubuntu or Fedora using a live USB or DVD on a new Lenovo E31

I've tried a live USB with Ubuntu 12.04.1 (both i386 and AMD 64-bit) as well as 11.10, as well as Ubuntu 10.04 on a DVD and Fedora 17 on a live USB. In all cases, selecting the option to boot into Ubuntu or install Ubuntu causes the machine to lock up in various places (for example, in a couple of cases the screen just blanks out after I select to try Ubuntu, and in another case a checklist that has some items like SATA 0:0:0:0 shows up and freezes before it would successfully boot to the home screen). The machine does successfully boot into Windows (I've tried this on two separate E31's, one of which was straight out the box, and I still haven't gone through the out of box experience with). I've verified at least a few of these options on my older laptop to check that I correctly created the live boot media. The closest to success I came was using the overnight build of Ubuntu, which successfully came up, but with severely mangled graphics. Do I have any remaining options to try to install linux on an E31?


Apply folder settings globally in KDE4

Im running opensuse 12.1 with KDE 4.8.4.   I've made settings changes to the Konquerer shell in a specific folder (e.g. changed my view from compact to details). How do I persist these settings that I change in one folder and make it apply to all folders?   Windows has such a button on the folder options->View tab.


Script to Read Videos and output information

I am working on a script that reads all folders inside a Movie folder and outputs the information for each video in a file. The current one I have is this:               movies=0     rm movielist     for dir in Movies/*     do       (cd "$dir" && pwd|cut -d \/ -f5|tr -s '\n' ', ' >> ../../movielist &&       >> ../../movielist )     echo "Movie $movies - $dir ADDED!"     let movies=movies+1     done          rm moviefinal     cat movielist | while read MovieName;     do          echo "$MovieName" | cut -d ',' -f2 | cut -d 'x' -f2 | sort | uniq | while read MovieRes;         do             case $MovieRes in             [461-660]*)                 echo "$MovieName,480p" >> moviefinal             ;;             [661-890]*)                 echo "$MovieName,720p" >> moviefinal             ;;             [891-1200]*)                 echo "$MovieName,1080p" >> moviefinal             ;;             *)                 echo "$MovieName,DVD" >> moviefinal             ;;             esac         done         done      Which reads from the **Movies** folder each movie (eg: Movies/The Matrix/Matrix.mkv) and sends it to a file called moviex inside the Movies folder. The info inside the file is something like this:               The Matrix, 1920x1080, MKV     The Matrix 2, 1280x720, AVI     ....      What I want to add now is a way to read the Height and Width (Which are the SourceImageHeight and SourceImageWidth with exiftool) and do a CASE or IF where, if the height is X and width is Z then add to the output file another variable which is the quality (ie: 720p, 1080p, DVD...). The above would look something like this:               The Matrix, 1920x1080, MKV, 1080p     The Matrix 2, 1280x720, AVI, 720p      UPDATE - The script is now showing the Quality (720p, 1080p) but the CASE part is wrong. It sometimes grabs for example a 720 video and gives it a DVD quaility, when in fact, in the script I explicitly said 720.


Unable to Boot into F17

I was currently running Win8 and F17 as a dual boot on my home desktop with an i5 chip and Asus UEFI BIOS. Unfortunately, while I was in Win8 I accidentally removed the partition that held my F17 OS. Now whenever I boot I'm prompted with `error: no such partiton. Entering rescue mode...` and then the single prompt `grub rescue>`. Now I've been searching the web for a solution to this problem, but I haven't found an answer yet. These are some of the methods that I've tried so far:   1. Burned a Windows 8 Recovery DVD; wasn't recognized    2. Tried creating a liveusb with F17 i686 desktop version   3. Followed several different tutorials, using commands like `insmod` and `makeactive` but neither are recognized Currently, I've found a a page in the Fedora Docs about editing the /etc/grub.d/10_linux file. Is this what I have to do in order to fix this gigantic headache? If so, how do I go about doing this? I know that people have had this problem before; I've just been unable to find the solution myself. Any help is greatly appreciated. Edit1: When I tried to boot with the liveUSB, it wasn't recognized. Even though I set my boot priority to be USB first. I was still taken directly to the `grub rescure>` prompt.


How do get an html file to open in preferred html application from cmdline on linux?

How do get an html file to open in preferred html application from cmdline on linux ? To claridy I have an xterm window open and an html file I want to do something like               open test.html      and that will start my preferred browser with the `test.html` file loaded. (I'm looking for a solution that will work for any Linux desktop machine without me needing to know hat browser app they have installed.)


Disown won't take -h option

I'm running a command that I now realize I'd like to leave running after I close my SSH session. I didn't start it with a `&` argument, but I have put it in the background (`CTRL`-`z`, `bg`). Now I'm trying to make it keep going after I disconnect. That's what `disown -h` is for, right? I've tried `disown -h` and `disown -h 1` (`jobs` shows my job as #1), and I get               disown: job not found: -h      Why is `disown` taking "-h" as a jobspec rather than an argument? I'm in `zsh`, if that matters.


What's in the /etc/pki/nssdb database?

So, these files aren't empty...               [ root@localhost ] # ls -l     total 248     -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 65536 Jan 12  2010 cert8.db     -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 65536 Dec 23  2013 cert8.db.orig     -rw-r--r--. 1 root root  9216 Jan 12  2010 cert9.db     -rw-r--r--. 1 root root  9216 Dec 23  2013 cert9.db.orig     -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 16384 Jan 12  2010 key3.db     -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 16384 Dec 23  2013 key3.db.orig     -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 11264 Jan 12  2010 key4.db     -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 11264 Dec 23  2013 key4.db.orig     -rw-r--r--. 1 root root   451 Jul  8 10:10 pkcs11.txt     -rw-r--r--. 1 root root   451 Dec 23  2013 pkcs11.txt.orig     -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 16384 Jan 12  2010 secmod.db     -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 16384 Dec 23  2013 secmod.db.orig      However, certutil doesn't tell me anything:               [ root@localhost ] # certutil -L -d /etc/pki/nssdb          Certificate Nickname                                         Trust Attributes                                                                  SSL,S/MIME,JAR/XPI               [ root@localhost ] # certutil -K -d /etc/pki/nssdb     certutil: Checking token "NSS Certificate DB" in slot "NSS User Private Key and Certificate Services"     certutil: no keys found      I'm working on setting up RHDS9 to run under SSL. Should I try to use the /etc/pki/nssdb database, or create my own? I can't really answer that without knowing what's already there... (And, if you say "roll your own," I still want to know what's in there, and why I see file sizes of 2^14 and 2^16 exactly.)


Send big data with dsmigratedata command

I want send data to remote server using this command but I dont know what is the syntax is that I can use for this command... I'm using the command:               $ dsmigratedate -s user@remoteip -p 22 password      But it's not working. Can someone help me?


Rings and run levels

The question stated below might not be technically correct(misconception) so it would be appreciable if misconception is also addressed. Which ring level do the different *nix run levels operate in? _Ring tag not available._


What is the proper solution to a web server trying to write to a directory?

So, I have a box with a "deploy" user. This deploy user owns a code repository and wordpress is running on this box... When wordpress attempts to do something like upload a plugin, it is using the user "www-data" to write to "wp-content/plugins".. Apparently it is uploading a zipfile, unarchiving, and then removing the zipfile. I kept running into problems where wordpress was unable to do these things.. Since my entire code repository was set to be the owner and group: "deploy:deploy", obviously www-data is not able to access this. So, my first attempt was to add www-data to the deploy group.               usermod -a -G deploy www-data      Immediately after issuing this command, I found that I could no longer ssh into the box.. Totally confused as to why-- can anyone fill me in on that? So I ended up doing:               chmod -R go-w ~      And then could ssh in again... doing "groups www-data" showed deploy as one of the options, so I thought hooray... I went and made sure the wp-content and plugin directories all had write access for the group, and they did... Double horray, it should work perfectly! However, no... Failure upon trying to upload a plugin. After much annoyance, I just went into the apache config and changed the APACHE_RUN_USER & GROUP to "deploy" Problem solved... Sort of. Except the idea of apache running as the main user, I think is awful. Anyway, so after making this change, uploading a plugin was successful and I saw:               drwxr-xr-x 8 deploy deploy 4096 Oct 22 21:28 wp-crm      So, the group has no write access-- I thought maybe this is a hint to why this was failing... But then, the fact that it's writing with deploy, means that's not really a hint... Because that's just due to how deploy's umask is set to.. I assume... So... I am just lost as to what the solution is... Should my wp-content group be www-data instead? Or am I missing something else here?


proftpd does not change default group for new files

I am Trying to configure ProFTPd to change group for newly created files/directories. In my config I have this:               <Directory /home/*>       GroupOwner www     </Directory>      Which does not seem to work. All users are added to www group.   Debug shows nothing regarding to a group change. I'm using FREEBSD 9.0-release. **EDIT:** I'm willing to try any other FTP server that makes this easier.


List all files / binaries in current PATH

Is there an "easy" way of running an "ls -la" style command for listing all files / executable binaries in the current PATH? (I intend to pipe the output into grep, for looking for commands with unknown prefixes but basically known "names", the kind of case when the auto- completion / tabbing in bash is essentially useless. So some sort of an "inverse auto-complete feature" ...)


Using gparted, deleted partition of memory card, then formated to fat 16; now its not working; error: no partition table present

I connected my Sony cyber-shot camera via cable to my laptop having Ubuntu 13.04. I wanted to make the memory card of the camera fresh to re-use. I opened GUI gparted. I did the below: 1) I selected the partition `/dev/sdb1` and set the option to delete. (There only this partition was present. So the complete space was unallocated.) 2) Then I selected the unallocated space for formatting with fat 16. It asked me for space allocation. I selected the default which was : free space before = 1 ; free space after = 0 3) Then I clicked on the menu "Apply all operations". Then I got message " 2 of 2 operations operated successfully ". Now the issue is that the memory card of 2GB isn't working. When I clicked to create partition in gparted, it says " no partition table present. You need to create it 1st ". So, I went to menu on GUI gparted: device -> create partition table. But it failed with message "Input/output error during read on /dev/sdb". I can't use my camera. Please suggest how to resolve at the earliest as I'm in dire need of the camera today after 3 hrs. > EDIT#1 I spoke to the customer care os Sony Camera & found that the memory card got corrupted & permanently damaged. I've already ordered for a new memory card. What the customer care told was that the camera memory card is not SD card. It's known as `memory stick pro duo`. this type of card has no partition. It should be formatted only by camera. (I did the mistake by formatting by gparted in computer). Though I've ordered for a new one, still I would like if someone has a way to make it working!


Failover with Syslog-ng?

Is it possible to set up a failover mechanism with Syslog-NG opensource edition? I want that the syslog-ng Daemon logs to a remote Loghost and switches to an other server if the first would go down for some reason...


Cyborg RAT mouse with xserver

I got a cyborg RAT3 mouse. This mouse got some problem to work on linux. I'm under lubuntu 12.10. I have searched some solutions on google. I have done this : I created /etc/X11/Xmodmap file, and I put this line on the file.               pointer = 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0      Its actually kind of working. I just have a problem. When I boot my computer, its not working, I have to reload XServer, and then, my mouse works really fine. So I got two questions. 1- How can I do to avoid reload XServer on every boot ? 2- The shortcut Alt + Print Screen Sys + K does'nt work. How can I activate this shortcut ? Thank you,


Why does to order of the parameters affect the files found by `find`?

I found this weird behavior in `find`. Depending on the order of the parameters to `find` it finds different files. For example, I have a directory tree with the following content.               .     ├── configure.ac     ├── Makefile.am     └── src         ├── hello.c         └── Makefile.am      if I run               find -name '*.cpp' -o -name '*.[chS]' -print0 | xargs -0 echo      It lists               ./src/hello.c      And if I run               find -name '*.[chS]' -o -name '*.cpp' -print0 | xargs -0 echo      It doesn't list anything. Notice that the only thing I changed is the order of the file name. Can anyone explain why the second command doesn't list any files?


How to check on which drives grub2 has actually installed an MBR?

I'm on a Debian/Squeeze system (with a history going back to at least Woody) which was upgraded to grub2 as part of the Squeeze upgrade. All works well, but I'm about to mess with the disk configuration. Currently the machine runs off 2 80GB drives with RAID1-ed /, /home and /boot partitions (there's another pair of drives with a RAID1-ed "/data" and a couple of swaps, in case anyone was wondering where the swap is, but I'm not touching those). I've added 2 130GB SSDs, partitioned them to be at least as large as the partitions on the 80GB drives, and intend to switch over to the new SSD drives by growing the RAID1s to include them, waiting for sync, then removing the old drives from the arrays so just the SSDs are left (and then growing the filesystems). But mdadm/ext3 wrangling is not what this question is about... That'll leave me with 2 obsolete 80GB (IDE) drives which I want to remove from the machine. My worry is that removing them will take some crucial MBR with them. How do I ensure the machine remains bootable ? More specifically:   * When I did the Squeeze upgrade, I remember there was some choice presented about which drives grub2 should install to (I went with the default, which was all drives). The SSDs weren't in the machine at the time though; how can I rerun this to get grub to install on the SSD MBRs ? (I'm guessing it's a dpkg-reconfigure of some package).   * How can I find which drives grub2 thinks it's installed on ? Good grief there are almost 200 files under /boot/grub/ these days! Where to look ? Also, it seems slightly odd that /boot/grub/device.map.auto only lists 3 drives currently (2 of the 80GBs but only one of the other drive pair, and none of the SSDs). How do I get that up to date ? ( **Update:** that was a red herring; device.map.auto seems to be a relic from years ago; device.map looked sensible on an update by grub-mkdevicemap. Think my paranoia in this area originates from an old mobo's BIOS which would reorder the device order seen by GRUB on a whim). **Outcome:** all went well and I now have the two old 80GB IDE drives out of the box, and a snappy and quick booting system running off RAID1-ed SSDs with all filesystems resized up to their new partition sizes. The other "missing piece of the Grub puzzle" I was looking for was `dpkg-reconfigure grub-pc` which prompts for which disks to maintain a MBR on. Aaron's answer actually did most to reassure me that this was working as expected, hence accepting that answer.


Colon/Semicolon remapping with xmodmap with two active setxkbmap layouts

Gentlemen, I'm a non-native english speaker and need a second language layout. And I'm a heavy Vim user, and use `:` much more often than `;`. At the moment they are remapped in `.vimrc`, buth that causes confusion when I'm in console (and everywhere else), so I decided to remap them directly in `.xinitrc` (I know I can put it in `.Xmodmap`). The following works fine:               setxkbmap -layout us,ru -option grp:toggle # change layout with AltGr     xmodmap -e "keycode 47 = colon semicolon" # remap : and ;      except that that key only works in `us` layout. If I switch to `ru` it does absolutely nothing, not even [semi]colon (expected it to print 'ж' and 'Ж'). I know xmodmap is responsible for translation KEYCODE to a KEYSYM, and I'm messing that up, but I would at least expect it to print capital letter instead of lowercase and vice versa. Is there something I'm doing completely wrong or am I just missing something? PS Archlinux `Linux version 3.10.3-1-ARCH`


Emacs ssh connection abbreviations

When connecting to a remote server via ssh in bash I use abbreviations in ~/.ssh/config file:               Host aaa     HostName aaa.ssh.myhost.com     User user1      So I can connect to aaa.ssh.myhost.com, typing: ssh aaa But in Emacs I can't use this abbreviations, so to connect via tramp I have to type:               C-x C-f     /ssh:user1@aaa.ssh.myhost.com:~      How can I setup the abbreviations for Emacs like those I use in bash?


Sort -u Function Command Not Working

_**As you can see in the picture attached_** screen shot After I used the sort command to sort a VERY large wordlist file I then split them up using the Split command. From there I confirmed that the listed words are in a-z order. I then ran the `sort -u` command and noticed that it was not removing unique words. (It was removing some as I could see the files were a little smaller, but not all.) What am I doing wrong? Overall goal: my over all goal is to take all my wordlists and put them into one large file (25gig), then sort and remove any unique words (cutting this by 40% or so) and then split up the files into manageable sizes. No Windows programs or Linux commands worked.


How do I send a shutdown event to a QEMU guest (OpenBSD)?

I'm using virtualisation solely to install OpenBSD onto the bare hardware, and during the installation, the redirection to the serial port didn't get configured, so, I ended up with the system running, but no way to login and do a clean shutdown.               kvm -m 6144 -smp 4 -drive file=/dev/sda,if=ide \         -drive file=/dev/sdb,if=scsi -drive file=/dev/sdc,if=scsi \         -cdrom install52.iso -boot d -nographic      How can I send a shutdown event to this session? AFAIK, `Ctrl`-`a` `x` as shown here or a `pkill kvm` would not do a clean shutdown yet. Alternatively, how can I switch from the `-nographic` mode into the `-curses` mode ?


How to detect when a shell is owned by a remote SSH session?

My question is similar to this one, but I'm looking for something slightly different. I have a notebook PC that I use to access Linux machines on a network in two different scenarios:   * I have a direct, wired connection to the network.   * I have an indirect connection to the network. There is a gateway machine on the network exposed to the Internet, which I can use to establish SSH tunnels to hosts on the network. This is obviously a much slower, higher-latency connection. My home directory is network-accessible from all machines, so they share a copy of my `.bashrc`. I would like to add functionality to `.bashrc` to detect which of the two scenarios I'm in and act accordingly (technically, there would be three scenarios, where the third is that I'm logging into my local machine, but that should be easily handled). I would like to do things like:   * `alias ssh ssh -X` when I'm on the local network, but I don't want to use X forwarding over the Internet.   * `export EDITOR=gvim` when I'm on the local network, but `export EDITOR=vim` when I'm remote. And so on. Based on the previous answer, it looks like I should be able to accomplish something like this by checking the contents of `SSH_CLIENT` (if it exists) and seeing if the client IP address matches one of the network adapters on my local machine. I thought I would see if there is a slicker or more robust way to accomplish this.


Which is more idiomatic in a bash script: `|| true` or `|| :`?

I don't do terribly much shell scripting, so I was a little surprised when I was reading the documentation for `git submodule` and I saw the syntax they used in this documentation: > A non-zero return from the command in any submodule causes the processing to > terminate. This can be overridden by adding `|| :` to the end of the > command. I had to look up that `|| :` was a shorthand for forcing a command to exit successfully. Anytime I've had to make a command exit successfully, I used `|| true`. Is `|| :` considered to be more idiomatic?


How to list console and kernel fonts?

I have a number of console fonts installed in `/lib/kbd/consolefonts/` installed.   1. How do I list them (obviously all I can do, is just look at the filenames, but not at a list at available fonts).   2. How can I change the console fonts?   3. How do I make a user manipulable directory for those fonts, should I use `/usr/local/lib/consolefonts/`? Now, my kernel accepts the SYSFONT parameter: `SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16`. I'd like to have a list which fonts my kernel supports and how I can select them (as in, how do I list the kernel compiled fonts, or something).


How do I install Fedora 18 without SELinux?

How can I install Fedora 18 without SELinux ever being part of the installation? I don't want to just disable SELinux after it's installed, I want to never install SELinux at all. Is there a way to do this using the CD image and Live System User?


pendrive distro

Which distro should I install on my 8GB pendrive? I need it to have powerfull repos (everything, music editing is crushial) and should be lightweighting not losing on functionality. Any propositions? PS: I'm now on windows. EDIT: I'd like to use XFCE and light-weighting should be priority. I mean I'd like to choose all packages from scratch.


Installing Multiple Linux Distros in a single partition

I'm currently using Ubuntu 13.04, elementaryos and Windows 8. I would also like to install Backtrack for rare use. But, I'm already out of my partition limit. So, was it possible to combine two partitions and install all the linux distros in that single partition with a shared swap?


Creating softlinks to header files that are not in the expected directory

3.12.6-300.fc20.x86_64 #1 SMP Mon Dec 23 16:44:31 UTC 2013 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux     Fedora 20      I am trying to install asterisks from source and when I run the ./configure script I get the following error:               checking for uuid_generate_random in -luuid... yes     checking uuid/uuid.h usability... no     checking uuid/uuid.h presence... no     checking for uuid/uuid.h... no     checking for uuid_generate_random in -le2fs-uuid... no     checking for uuid_generate_random... no     configure: error: *** uuid support not found (this typically means the uuid development package is missing)      However, I have already installed the 64 bit versions of uuid and uuid-devel               Name        : uuid-devel     Arch        : x86_64     Version     : 1.6.2     Release     : 21.fc20     Size        : 21 k     Repo        : installed        Name        : uuid     Arch        : x86_64     Version     : 1.6.2     Release     : 21.fc20     Size        : 116 k     Repo        : installed      So I guess its looking for the header file and cannot find it. checking uuid/uuid.h usability... no When I run `locate uuid.h` I can see the uuid.h in the following directory:               /usr/include/uuid.h     /usr/include/linux/uuid.h     /usr/src/kernels/3.12.6-300.fc20.x86_64+debug/include/linux/uuid.h     /usr/src/kernels/3.12.6-300.fc20.x86_64+debug/include/uapi/linux/uuid.h     /usr/src/kernels/3.12.7-300.fc20.x86_64+debug/include/linux/uuid.h     /usr/src/kernels/3.12.7-300.fc20.x86_64+debug/include/uapi/linux/uuid.h      So in trying to fix the problem I created a new directory /usr/include/uuid and created a softlink to that uuid.h in there.               lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 9 Jan 15 11:49 uuid.h -> ../uuid.h      It works now:               checking uuid/uuid.h usability... yes     checking uuid/uuid.h presence... yes     checking for uuid/uuid.h... yes      My question is, is it OK to mess around with installed header files like this by creating softlinks? I always worry in case I break something as you need root access to create the softlink. And many there is another solution without the need to create these softlinks.


Share Internet Connection from computer to new router

On my linux computer I have an external wlan adapter which is connected wirelessly to internet (an access point). Now I want to connect my linux computer via ethernet cable to a new ddwrt router. This ddwrt router should now "get" internet from my linux computer, so that my linux computer is acting like a internet sharing box. INTERNET <- over wlan (wlan0) -> LINUX COMPUTER <- ethernet eth0 -> DDWRT Router Anyone should now be able to connect wirelessly to the ddwrt router to get internet. How should I configure my linux computer to make it work? Thanks!


find "an expression" on each file of a directory recursively

One of my website on my webserver has suffered an attack : code injection. Here is the malicious code :                     I want to know the name (and path) of all files coutains the expression on my server to stanch the contagion. Here is the expression i want to match :'http://ahtiagge.ru/count27.php' I would like results like that :               /var/www/vhosts/site1.com/httpdocs/index.php     /var/www/vhosts/site1.com/httpdocs/fileN.php     /var/www/vhosts/site1.com/httpdocs/one_directory/fileN.php     /var/www/vhosts/site1.com/httpdocs/one_directory/and_sub/fileN.php      How can I realize this with a shell script ? is it possible ? Is someone can help me ? Best regards,


How to check whether a particular port is open on a machine from a shell script and perform action based on that?

I am running my below shell script on a machine on which c++ application server is running on port 8080 and in the shell script I am executing an URL and stores the response coming from that URL in DATA variable. But suppose if the same app server is down, then it will not be able to execute the URL and then it will print out `Retrying Again` and sleep for 30 seconds and then execute the same url again.               #!/bin/bash          HOSTNAME=$hostname     DATA=""     RETRY=15          echo $HOSTNAME          while [ $RETRY -gt 0 ]     do         DATA=$(wget -O - -q -t 1 http://$HOSTNAME:8080/beat)         if [ $? -eq 0 ]         then             break         else             echo "Retrying Again" >&2                  # restart the server                  let RETRY-=1             sleep 30         fi     done          echo "Server is UP"      And here `HOSTNAME` is the local hostname of the server on which I am running my above shell script. **Problem Statement:-** Now what I am trying to do is, if the server is down, then it will print out `Retrying Again` so after that I want to check whether port `8080` is opened on `$HOSTNAME` or not. If not, then it means server is down so I want to restart the server by executing this command and then sleep for 30 seconds as shown above in the shell script.               /opt/app/test/start_stop.sh start      Is this possible to do here in my above shell script? I am running this shell script on Ubuntu 12.04.


Remove album from playlist in Audacious in Winamp mode

I have installed Audacious on Xubuntu 13.04 and when it's in WinAmp mode the playlist is too small to display songs (I need to resize it but then it's bigger then a player and it don't look good) because it display Album name. Is it posible to format what is displayd in playlists or maybe just remove the album?


How to build space separated, escaped full paths of files recursively matching glob?

I have a program which requires paths to files as arguments, which cannot be quoted and must not depend on working dir. Can this be done without chaining multiple `xargs`, `tr`, `find`, `readlink`s? Example output for "*.csv" files: `/home/user/a\ b.csv /home/user/my\ dir/c\ d\$2.csv`


Modifying linux for different boards

There are different linux available for different boards- called "linux ports" For example a (uc)linux port for STM32F4291 Discovery kit, a linux port for Beagleboard and so on. I want to know what are the major **differences and similarities** between these ports? I am asking this because say, I want to take port-A for Board 1, and modify it to run on board 2. Once I know the differences/similarities I will have a better idea of this modification required.


rolling diffs for storage of highly similar files?

At work we do a nightly dump of our mysql databases. From day to day, I would guestimate that close to 90-95% of the data is duplicate, increasing as time goes on. ( Heck at this point some are probably 99% ) These dumps are where one line is a single mysql INSERT statement, so the only differences are whole lines, and the order in which they're in in the file. If I got them sorted, the actual difference from file to file would be very small. I've been looking, and I haven't found any way to sort the output on dump. I could pipe it through the `sort` command, though. Then there would be long, long blocks of identical lines. So I'm trying to figure a way to store only the diffs. I could start with a master dump, and diff against that each night. But the diffs would be larger each night. Or, I could make rolling diffs, which individually would be very small, but seems like it would take longer and longer to compute, if I have to put together a master diff of the whole series each night. Is this feasible? With what tools? * * * **Edit** I'm not asking how to do mysql backups. Forget mysql for the moment. It's a red herring. What I'm wanting to know is how to make a series of rolling diffs from a series of files. Each night we get a file ( which _happens to be a mysqldump file_ ) that is 99% similar to the one before it. Yes, we gzip them all. But it's redundant to have all that redundancy in the first place. All I really need is the differences from the night before... which is only 1% different from the night before... and so on. So what I'm after is how to make a series of diffs so I need only store that 1% each night.


rpmbuild: Is there a way to specify recommended packages

So, search as I might, I can't find anything about specifying recommended packages in a spec file. I wouldn't even consider it possible if I hadn't seen it in the spec file for Mono 2.10.9. It reads the following:               Recommends:     libgdiplus0 >= 2.6      But rpmbuild is definitely complaining about it. I'm guessing it's not something that's actually allowed. Is that the case? Is there another way to recommend some other packages during the install phase?


Setting up an ad-hoc network on boot

I'm pretty new to Linux; this project is me trying to learn more. I've done login scripts before but not boot scripts, so that's one of my questions. My other question is how to get an ad-hoc network working with just terminal commands, so that I can make a boot script to do it. I'm running Fedora 18 off of a flash drive for now, but when I'm done configuring I'll be copying everything to an old laptop's hard drive. (The goal of this project is to not have to buy a better wireless router) The most luck I've had setting up an ad-hoc was by using Gnome's "Use as Hotspot..." button in my wireless network settings, and then changing the name and WEP code (Can I use other encryption methods?) using iwconfig in the terminal, but I want it all done with terminal commands so that I can just run a script to set it all up. I think I can figure out how to use iptables to set up my port forwarding and junk myself, but first I need to get this computer able to share its internet connection wirelessly.


Grep does not seem to work properly for me

Command:               LC_ALL=C fgrep -f /root/inputfile.txt *.txt > outputfile.txt      inputfile contains this kind of stuff;               -name1:     -name2:     -othername:      `*.txt` (multiple files) contains things such as               -name:email@email:d-o-b::alias      When I grep a small list of names from the input file, some which exist in the `*.txt`'s, some which don't. I get other false results.               000_na_name_000:493982:email@yahoo.com:2000-01-05:XX:X:123.123:alias      There is absolutely nothing in the input that should case these false results, and there's a lot of them.


apt-get via ssh-tunnel if only port 22 is allowed

I have a server which has only access to the outer world via port 22 (for the use of ssh from the server to other computers). I want to install some packages via `apt-get` on this server. Can I achive this with a ssh-tunnel to my super-machine which has internet access on all ports? If so, how? Because if I start a tunnel via ssh to my super-machine, the super-machine has its sshd waiting on port 22. I assume that I cannot reuse this same port 22 for the tunneling, can I? Is there another solution?


Change zsh completion to put completions above the prompt

I'm a long-time tcsh user that finally decided to try out zsh. I've been toying around with completion, but one thing I don't like is that when I hit tab for a completion that might have a lot of values, it prints the completion options below the prompt, pushing the prompt up off the bottom of the terminal. TCSH would leave the old prompt, print the completions on new lines below, and then reprint the prompt and the command that you had typed so far. Is there any way to change the completion logic so that completion options are printed above the prompt?


How to use a D-Link usb network adapter on debian

I have a Debian (squeeze) desktop, and I need to use a D-Link 150 USB Wireless Network Adapter. So far I've done this:               $ lsusb     ...     Bus 001 Device 006: ID 2001:3c18 D-Link Corp.     ...      After looking for a solution in google, I found that I needed to install the following package:               firmware-ralink_0.28+squeeze1_all.deb      I've installed it, but Debian doesn't want to find the adapter. When I run `lsmod`, I can't find what I'm supposed to find: `rt2870sta` Can you point me in the right direction? * * * A little more data. I checked `ifconfig`, and there's not any wireless adapter detected by debian:               # ifconfig     eth0 ...     lo ...      The contents of `/etc/network/interfaces` is:               auto lo     iface lo inet loopback     allow-hotplug eth0     #NetworkManager#iface eth0 inet dhcp      I hope this additional data helps


System call invokation methods in new kernel

I read that in the newer kernels system calls are invoked using the INT X80 instruction and also using the sysenter instruction. And also the sysenter instruction gives faster invocation as compared to the other method. How could I check which all system calls are invoked by that method?


Dragging of windows slow/laggy after installing ATI Radeon HF 4870 graphic drivers in Ubuntu 10.10 Gnome?

I recently installed ubuntu 10.10. Graphics were actually fine, by just using the default drivers, and I could drag windows fast and smoothly. However, since I have an ATI Radeon HD4870 card I should be able to get more out of it by installing the ATI driver for linux. So, I decided to install the ATI drivers for my radeon 4870. Now my resolution is fine and everything looks alright, but when I drag windows its not smooth at all and very laggy. I haven't seen any other implications, although I didn't test any graphic heavy applications. The window dragging is very laggy though and thus a problem. Any idea what could cause this?


How can I backup a directory to NTFS while preserving Unix file attributes?

I want to make a backup of my home directory to an NTFS partition (an unfortunate limitation). However, when I last tried using just `cp`, the attributes (owner, etc) went away. How can I make a backup while still preserving these attributes? My first instinct is to make a tarball, but I'm not sure if this will work. For reference, I'm running Ubuntu Raring devel.


Permissions for FTP directory: Inherit directory owner

I am making multiple folders for users (userA/, userB/, etc.) where anyone can create/read a file/folder in any directory (userC can make fileX inside userA/). However, only the directory's owner can modify or delete the files within that folder (userC can only modify/delete files inside userC/). I've tried changing the directory permissions to 7777, however the SUID doesn't apply to directories. How do I allow uploaded files to inherit the directory owner? **Edit:** UserZ owns directory dirZ/. UserZ can create (upload), modify, delete, and read everything inside dirZ/.   Likewise, UserY owns directory dirY/. User Y can create, modify, delete, and read everything inside dirY/. UserY can access dirZ/. UserY can create or read anything inside dirZ/. UserY _can not_ modify or delete anything inside dirZ/. Likewise, UserZ can access dirY/. UserZ can create or read anything inside dirY/. UserZ _can not_ modify or delete anything inside dirY/.


Removing Ubuntu 12.04 LTS from a dual boot setup and recovering the Windows boot manager

I have Ubuntu 12.04 LTS and Windows 7 Home Premium on my laptop. My desire is to uninstall Ubuntu without spoiling MBR and Windows 7. I would like to emphasize that Ubuntu was installed later so I select the OS in GRUB. I would also like to uninstall GRUB. How can I do so in a painless and simple manner?


NFS: failed to create MNT RPC client status = -101

I am trying for network file system (NFS) booting between two systems.   I am using `dhcp` server to assign IP-address for client. And my kernel and root file system are present in server. My client is able to load the kernel. But can't able to mount the root filesystem. I am getting error regarding remote procedure call (RPC) The following lines appear while booting at client side               NFS:  MNTPATH:  '/nfsroot'     NFS:  sending MNT request for 172.16.6.237:/nfsroot     NFS:  failed to create MNT RPC client, status=-101     NFS:  Unable to mount server 172.16.6.237, error -101     VFS:  Unable to mount root fs via NFS, trying floppy.     VFS:  Cannot open root device "nfs" or unknown-block(2,0)     Please append a correct "root=" boot option; here are the available partitions:     0000     bla bla bla     kernel panic- not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs or unknown-block(2,0)      The above lines are few lines when I am doing NFS (network file system). In kernel configuration i enabled all necessary flags for NFS support. In above error The line related to RPC client is present in kernel fs/nfs/mount_clnt.c program. I also came to know that the error occurs in rpc_ping() function which is present in net/sunrpc/clnt.c file. How can I fix this? edit:- My dhcp.conf looks like this { allow booting; allow bootp; use-host-decl-names on; ddns-update-style interim; ignore client-updates; next-server 172.16.6.237; subnet 172.16.6.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {               option subnet-mask  255.255.255.0;          range dynamic-bootp 172.16.6.10 172.16.6.254;          default-lease-time 21600;          max-lease-time 43200;          option domain-name-servers 127.0.0.1;          option routers      172.16.6.1;          filename "pxelinux.0";      } host hostname {                                    hardware ethernet 74:27:ea:42:b7:b7;                               fixed-address 172.16.6.238;                               option root-path"172.16.6.237:/nfsroot";                     }      } And my pxelinu.cfg/default file looks like this { default openwrt label openwrt kernel openwrt-x86-generic-vmlinuz append boot=nfs root=/dev/nfs nfsroot=172.16.6.237:/nfsroot,soft,vers=3,clientaddr=172.16.6.238 ip=dhcp rw nfsrootdebug } If I am giving proto=tcp then the error number will become -110 (time out) If I removed proto=tcp the error number becomes -101 (Network unreachable)


Installing Arch Linux with UEFI Boot and GPT Layout

I'm trying to set up a dual UEFI boot Windows/Arch Linux, and have already installed Windows on a GPT layout through UEFI boot. I now want to fresh install Arch Linux using GPT layout as well, and was wondering how I could do that. More specifically, do I need to modify the content of the core install image to be able to boot from it in UEFI? If I manage to boot in UEFI from the core install image, will it automatically set up my partitions using GPT layout? I've read a couples of tutorial on how to set up UEFI boot with Arch, but it seems most of them considered only a situation were Arch Linux was already installed (using MBR layout?) Thank you


download packages for different distribution with apt

I want to download a `.deb` package with it's dependencies for a different distribution. I have many Linux systems in my company: Ubuntu 11.04, 11.10, 12.10, and Debian 5 and 6. The command to download a full dependency tree would be `apt-get -d install package`. I'm currently using a Debian 6 (squeeze), and downloading packages for the same distribution works fine. I tried downloading ( _without_ installing) packages tree by changing my `sources.list` into Debian 5 (lenny) sources. However I get the following error:               # apt-get -d install python-lxml     ...     The following packages have unmet dependencies:      python-lxml : Depends: python (< 2.6) but 2.6.6-3+squeeze7 is to be installed     E: Broken packages      Running a different OS for each distro will result in 12+ machines. I'm looking for a clearer solution. Any suggestions?


What is needed for USB a device to appear under Sound in Ubuntu control panel?

I have a device that combines two audio interfaces and one HID interface. It enumerates correctly, as `lsusb -D` shows. Also, a trace with `wireshark` shows no errors - all descriptors are exchanged successfully, `Set Interface` requests are issued by the host and are acknowledged by the device. `dmesg` also does not complain:               sw3@pc90313-sw3:~$ dmesg | tail     [ 6897.106331] input: Logitech USB Optical Mouse as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.3/1-1.3:1.0/input/input14     [ 6897.106516] hid-generic 0003:046D:C05A.0007: input,hidraw0: USB HID v1.11 Mouse [Logitech USB Optical Mouse] on usb-0000:00:1a.0-1.3/input0     [ 6902.395444] usb 3-1: new high-speed USB device number 45 using xhci_hcd     [ 6902.413395] usb 3-1: New USB device found, idVendor=23e5, idProduct=a050     [ 6902.413400] usb 3-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=0     [ 6902.413403] usb 3-1: Product: Device     [ 6902.413405] usb 3-1: Manufacturer: Me     [ 6902.417288] current rate 44100 is different from the runtime rate 192000     [ 6902.420775] current rate 44100 is different from the runtime rate 192000     [ 6902.424214] hid-generic 0003:23E5:A050.0008: hiddev0,hidraw3: USB HID v1.11 Device [My Device] on usb-0000:00:14.0-1/input3      Yet the device does not appear in the Sound menu in the configuration panel of Ubuntu. My reasoning is, if the configuration descriptor was wrong, and the host didn't know that the device is an audio device, there wouldn't be `Set interface` requests (those serve for muting and unmuting). I want to dig deeper and find out where in the chain is the device not recognised as an audio device. However, my Linux knowledge is meager and I do not know which logs to read, which utilities to use and how to circumvent "Sound" menu on the next lower level of abstraction. _What is the process of adding a device to the Sound menu and at what points can it be observed?_


How to exit sh program?

I bungled the commands and wrote `sh -man` Now I've entered a program called `sh-3.2` that is seemingly impossible to exit. `Ctrl``c`,`Ctrl``z`, or `Ctrl``x`does not work. `exit`, `quit`, `q`, `:``q` also does not work. All google answers are for exiting shell scripts programmatically.


RFCOMM device seems to be missing (dev/rfcomm0)

I am trying to send and receive serial commands over bluetooth. I have installed pyBluez library. The issue is that while the rfcomm.conf exists there is no rfcomm0 in /dev/ directory. I rebooted but no change. If I run the following I get Permission denied error.               sudo echo "This is a test" > /dev/rfcomm0      Why isn't the rfcomm added automatically to /dev after usb bluetooth module is connected? Bluetooth module is compatible and I am able to scan and find devices via command line. Bluez and bluez-utils were installed already.


What is the max number of x-clients?

I am developing an x-server implementation, and I want to make it as similar to the current one as possible. I read through the documentation, but I couldn't find anything specific. In particular, I'm trying to find a numbering scheme for windows. It seems to me that this is implementation specific. Either way, I found this concerning window ids: > The most significant 11 bits of the XID indicate the client, leaving 21 bits > for each client, giving each client 2^21 (= 2,097,152) XIDs. I've read elsewhere that the max x-clients is 255: here and here. Is there any clear documentation on how windows should be numbered?


Create bootable hfs+ partition for macbook

I've installed Debian testing on a Macbook Pro (mid 2014) without keeping OS X on the internal SSD. I've used the following GPT partition layout:   1. HFS+   2. EFI on /boot/efi   3. BTRFS on /   4. SWAP on swap I've heard that the Apple implementation of UEFI is different and only boots from a HFS+ partition instead of the default FAT32 partition, so i decided to create a HFS+ partition. The Debian installer automatically installed Grub 2 to the EFI partition, when i manually issue grub-install to the HFS+ partition, grub-install fails. I'm a bit in the dark about how Fedora/Ubuntu solves this problem, those distributions create a HFS+ partition and get it to boot after the install. I'd like to avoid using refind because i'm not using OS X anymore. I do however have OS X installed on a SD card. How can i get my laptop to boot Debian directly without using refind?


How do I run as a limited user while logged in as Root, and another question

Is there a way to, on linux, do:   1. run as limited user when logged in as root? (like sudo but vice versa, so instead of GRANTING rights, it limits them, i.e., for use with "bundle install" for missing ruby dependency gems for Metasploit-framework, etc);   2. remove ALL dangling symlinks on the system as a whole, all in one full swoop, like how aptitude search/purge ~c does for leftover configuration files, but only to, or also to clean up invalid, dangling symlinks?