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# Detecting RedLeaves for Volatility
#
# LICENSE
# Please refer to the LICENSE.txt in the https://github.com/JPCERTCC/MalConfScan/
#
# How to use:
# 1. cd "Volatility Folder"
# 2. mv redleavesscan.py volatility/plugins/malware
# 3. python vol.py redleavesconfig -f images.mem --profile=Win7SP1x64
import volatility.plugins.taskmods as taskmods
import volatility.win32.tasks as tasks
import volatility.utils as utils
import volatility.debug as debug
import volatility.plugins.malware.malfind as malfind
import re
from struct import unpack, unpack_from
from collections import OrderedDict
try:
import yara
has_yara = True
except ImportError:
has_yara = False
redleaves_sig = {
'namespace1' : 'rule RedLeaves { \
strings: \
$v1 = "red_autumnal_leaves_dllmain.dll" \
$b1 = { FF FF 90 00 } \
condition: $v1 and $b1 at 0}',
'namespace2' : 'rule Himawari { \
strings: \
$h1 = "himawariA" \
$h2 = "himawariB" \
$h3 = "HimawariDemo" \
condition: $h1 and $h2 and $h3}',
'namespace3' : 'rule Lavender { \
strings: \
$l1 = {C7 ?? ?? 4C 41 56 45} \
$l2 = {C7 ?? ?? 4E 44 45 52} \
condition: $l1 and $l2}',
'namespace4' : 'rule Armadill { \
strings: \
$a1 = {C7 ?? ?? 41 72 6D 61 } \
$a2 = {C7 ?? ?? 64 69 6C 6C } \
condition: $a1 and $a2}',
'namespace5' : 'rule zark20rk { \
strings: \
$a1 = {C7 ?? ?? 7A 61 72 6B } \
$a2 = {C7 ?? ?? 32 30 72 6B } \
condition: $a1 and $a2}'
}
CONF_PATTERNS = {"RedLeaves": re.compile("\x68\x88\x13\x00\x00\xFF", re.DOTALL),
"Himawari": re.compile("\x68\x70\x03\x00\x00\xBF", re.DOTALL),
"Lavender": re.compile("\x68\x70\x03\x00\x00\xBF", re.DOTALL),
"Armadill": re.compile("\x68\x70\x03\x00\x00\xBF", re.DOTALL),
"zark20rk": re.compile("\x68\x70\x03\x00\x00\x8D", re.DOTALL),
}
CONNECT_MODE = {1: 'TCP', 2: 'HTTP', 3: 'HTTPS', 4: 'TCP and HTTP'}
class redleavesConfig(taskmods.DllList):
"""Detect processes infected with redleaves malware"""
@staticmethod
def is_valid_profile(profile):
return (profile.metadata.get('os', 'unknown') == 'windows'), profile.metadata.get('memory_model', '32bit')
def get_vad_base(self, task, address):
for vad in task.VadRoot.traverse():
if address >= vad.Start and address < vad.End:
return vad.Start, vad.End
return None
def parse_config(self, cfg_blob, cfg_sz, cfg_addr):
p_data = OrderedDict()
p_data["Server1"] = unpack_from('<64s', cfg_blob, 0x0)[0]
p_data["Server2"] = unpack_from('<64s', cfg_blob, 0x40)[0]
p_data["Server3"] = unpack_from('<64s', cfg_blob, 0x80)[0]
p_data["Port"] = unpack_from('<I', cfg_blob, 0xC0)[0]
mode = unpack_from('<I', cfg_blob, 0x1D0)[0]
p_data["Mode"] = CONNECT_MODE[mode]
p_data["ID"] = unpack_from('<64s', cfg_blob, 0x1E4)[0]
p_data["Mutex"] = unpack_from('<550s', cfg_blob, 0x500)[0].replace('\0', '')
p_data["Injection Process"] = unpack_from('<104s', cfg_blob, 0x726)[0].replace('\0', '')
p_data["RC4 Key"] = unpack_from('<10s', cfg_blob, 0x82A)[0]
return p_data
def parse_config_himawari(self, cfg_blob, cfg_sz, cfg_addr):
p_data = OrderedDict()
p_data["Server1"] = unpack_from('<64s', cfg_blob, 0x4)[0]
p_data["Server2"] = unpack_from('<64s', cfg_blob, 0x44)[0]
p_data["Server3"] = unpack_from('<64s', cfg_blob, 0x84)[0]
p_data["Server4"] = unpack_from('<64s', cfg_blob, 0xC4)[0]
p_data["Port"] = unpack_from('<I', cfg_blob, 0x104)[0]
mode = unpack_from('<I', cfg_blob, 0x1D8)[0]
p_data["Mode"] = CONNECT_MODE[mode]
p_data["ID"] = unpack_from('<64s', cfg_blob, 0x1E0)[0]
p_data["Mutex"] = unpack_from('<62s', cfg_blob, 0x224)[0].replace('\0', '')
p_data["Key"] = unpack_from('<10s', cfg_blob, 0x366)[0]
p_data["UserAgent"] = unpack_from('<260s', cfg_blob, 0x262)[0]
p_data["Proxy server"] = unpack_from('<64s', cfg_blob, 0x10C)[0]
p_data["Proxy username"] = unpack_from('<64s', cfg_blob, 0x14C)[0]
p_data["Proxy password"] = unpack_from('<64s', cfg_blob, 0x18C)[0]
return p_data
def calculate(self):
if not has_yara:
debug.error("Yara must be installed for this plugin")
addr_space = utils.load_as(self._config)
os, memory_model = self.is_valid_profile(addr_space.profile)
if not os:
debug.error("This command does not support the selected profile.")
rules = yara.compile(sources=redleaves_sig)
for task in self.filter_tasks(tasks.pslist(addr_space)):
scanner = malfind.VadYaraScanner(task=task, rules=rules)
for hit, address in scanner.scan():
vad_base_addr, end = self.get_vad_base(task, address)
proc_addr_space = task.get_process_address_space()
data = proc_addr_space.zread(vad_base_addr, end - vad_base_addr)
config_data = []
c_pt = CONF_PATTERNS[str(hit)]
if re.search(c_pt, data):
m_conf = re.search(c_pt, data)
else:
continue
offset_conf = m_conf.start()
if "RedLeaves" in str(hit):
config_size = 2100
offset_conf -= 1
while data[offset_conf] != "\xC7" and data[offset_conf] != "\xBE" and data[offset_conf] != "\xBF":
offset_conf -= 1
if data[offset_conf] != "\xC7" and data[offset_conf] != "\xBE" and data[offset_conf] != "\xBF":
continue
if data[offset_conf] == "\xC7" and data[offset_conf + 1] != "\x85" and data[offset_conf + 1] != "\x45":
offset_conf -= 6
# get address
if data[offset_conf] == "\xC7" and data[offset_conf + 1] != "\x85":
(config_addr, ) = unpack("=I", data[offset_conf + 3:offset_conf + 7])
elif data[offset_conf] == "\xC7" and data[offset_conf + 1] == "\x85":
(config_addr, ) = unpack("=I", data[offset_conf + 6:offset_conf + 10])
else:
(config_addr, ) = unpack("=I", data[offset_conf + 1:offset_conf + 5])
if config_addr < vad_base_addr:
continue
config_addr -= vad_base_addr
config = data[config_addr:config_addr + config_size]
if len(config) > 0:
config_data.append(self.parse_config(config, config_size, config_addr))
if str(hit) in ["Himawari", "Lavender", "Armadill", "zark20rk"]:
offset_conf += 6
if str(hit) in ["zark20rk"]:
offset_conf += 6
config_size = 880
# get address
(config_addr, ) = unpack("=I", data[offset_conf:offset_conf + 4])
if config_addr < vad_base_addr:
continue
config_addr -= vad_base_addr
config = data[config_addr:config_addr + config_size]
if len(config) > 0:
config_data.append(self.parse_config_himawari(config, config_size, config_addr))
yield task, vad_base_addr, end, hit, memory_model, config_data
break
def render_text(self, outfd, data):
delim = '-' * 70
for task, start, end, malname, memory_model, config_data in data:
outfd.write("{0}\n".format(delim))
outfd.write("Process: {0} ({1})\n\n".format(task.ImageFileName, task.UniqueProcessId))
outfd.write("[Config Info]\n")
for p_data in config_data:
for id, param in p_data.items():
outfd.write("{0:<16}: {1}\n".format(id, param))
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