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Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options:
Q:Expression of an mRNA encoding for a soluble form of the Fas protein prevents a cell from undergoing programmed cell death. However, after inclusion of a certain exon, this same Fas pre-mRNA eventually leads to the translation of a protein that is membrane bound, subsequently promoting the cell to undergo apoptosis. ...
E: Alternative splicing
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Q:A 36-year-old woman complains of difficulty falling asleep over the past 4 months. On detailed history taking, she says that she drinks her last cup of tea at 8:30 p.m. before retiring at 10:30 p.m. She then watches the time on her cell phone on and off for an hour before falling asleep. In the morning, she is tired ...
A: Proper sleep hygiene
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Q:A 45-year-old man presents to the emergency department with upper abdominal pain. He reports vomiting blood 2 times at home. He has smoked 30–40 cigarettes daily for 15 years. He is otherwise well, takes no medications, and abstains from the use of alcohol. While in the emergency department, he vomits bright red bloo...
B: ↑ peripheral vascular resistance
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Q:An 11-year-old boy presents with a sore throat, fever, chills, and difficulty swallowing for the past 3 days. The patient’s mother says that last night he was short of breath and had a headache. Past medical history is unremarkable. The patient has not been vaccinated as his mother thinks it is "unnecessary". His tem...
A: Small black colonies on tellurite agar
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Q:A 25-year-old man presents to his physician for new-onset palpitations and tremors in his right hand. He also feels more active than usual, but with that, he is increasingly feeling fatigued. He lost about 3 kg (6.6 lb) in the last 2 months and feels very anxious about his symptoms. He survived neuroblastoma 15 years...
C: Fine needle aspiration with cytology
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Q:A 27-year old male who works on an organic farm is diagnosed with infection by N. americanus, a helminthic parasite. Eosinophils require which antibody isotype to destroy these parasites via antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity?? {'A': 'IgA', 'B': 'IgE', 'C': 'IgM', 'D': 'IgD', 'E': 'IgG'},
B: IgE
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Q:A 45-year-old man is brought to the emergency department after being found down outside of a bar. He does not have any identifying information and is difficult to arouse. On presentation, his temperature is 101.2°F (38.4°C), blood pressure is 109/72 mmHg, pulse is 102/min, and respirations are 18/min. Physical exam r...
E: MacConkey agar
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Q:A 6-year-old girl comes with her parents to the physician’s office to initiate care with a new physician. The patient was recently adopted and her parents do not know her birth history; however, she has had some issues with fatigue. They were told by the adoption agency that the patient has required blood transfusion...
A: Autosomal recessive
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Q:A 63-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department because of severe abdominal pain and vomiting for the past 3 hours. She reports previous episodes of abdominal pain that lasted for 10–15 minutes and resolved with antacids. She lives with her daughter and grandchildren. She divorced her husband last year. Sh...
A: Cancel the surgery
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Q:A 5-year-old boy with developmental delays presents to his pediatrician’s office with an ‘itchy rash’ on the flexor surfaces of his knees, elbows, and around his eyelids. The patient’s mother notes that the rashes have had a relapsing-remitting course since the child was an infant. Vital signs are within normal limit...
B: Avoid meat
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Q:A 45-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 1-day history of progressive pain and blurry vision of his right eye. He has difficulties opening the eye because of pain. His left eye is asymptomatic. He wears contact lenses. He has bronchial asthma treated with inhaled salbutamol. He works as a kindergarten te...
B: Pseudomonas keratitis
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Q:A 44-year-old caucasian male complains of carpopedal spasms, peri-oral numbness, and paresthesias of the hands and feet. His wife also mentions that he had a seizure not too long ago. His past surgical history is significant for total thyroidectomy due to papillary thyroid carcinoma. They then realized all of the sym...
D: Chvostek sign, QT prolongation, decreased PTH, decreased serum calcium, increased serum phosphate
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Q:A previously healthy 11-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department because of a 3-day history of fever, cough, and a runny nose. During this period, he has also had pink, itchy eyes. The patient emigrated from Syria 2 weeks ago. His parents died 6 months ago. He has not yet received any routine childhood vac...
C: Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
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Q:A 31-year-old woman comes to the emergency department because of a 4-week history of worsening headache, nausea, and vomiting. The headache is worse at night. Fundoscopic examination shows swelling of the optic discs. A CT scan of the brain shows a heterogeneous, hyperintense, intraventricular mass. The patient under...
C: Synaptophysin
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Q:A 27-year-old dental radiographer presented to a clinic with red lesions on his palate, right lower and mid-upper lip, as well as one of his fingers. These lesions were accompanied by slight pain, and the patient had a low-grade fever 1 week before the appearance of the lesions. The patient touched the affected area ...
B: Herpes simplex infection
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Q:A 7-year-old boy presents to the urgent care from a friends birthday party with trouble breathing. He is immediately placed on supplemental oxygen therapy. His father explains that peanut butter treats were served at the event but he didn’t see his son actually eat one. During the party, his son approached him with f...
A: Type 1 - anaphylactic hypersensitivity reaction
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Q:A 23-year-old primigravid woman at 8 weeks' gestation is brought to the emergency department by her husband because of increasing confusion and high-grade fever over the past 16 hours. Three days ago, she was prescribed metoclopramide by her physician for the treatment of nausea and vomiting. She has a history of dep...
C: Haloperidol
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Q:Which of the following compounds is most responsible for the maintenance of appropriate coronary blood flow?? {'A': 'Epinephrine', 'B': 'Norepinephrine', 'C': 'Histamine', 'D': 'Nitric oxide', 'E': 'VEGF'},
D: Nitric oxide
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Q:A 44-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 1-month history of progressively worsening headaches and fatigue. She has also had a 5-kg (11-lb) weight loss in the same time period. MRI of the head shows a hyperintense mass with extension into the right foramen rotundum. Further evaluation of this patient is...
A: Decreased sensation over the cheekbone, nasolabial fold, and the upper lip
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Q:A 38-year-old male presents to his primary care doctor with 8 months of uncontrollable anxiety. He states that he experiences overwhelming anxiety and worry in peforming just ordinary tasks of daily living. He is started on venlafaxine for treatment of generalized anxiety disorder. Which of the following is a potenti...
D: Hypertension
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Q:A 27-year-old woman seeks an evaluation from her gynecologist complaining of vaginal discharge. She has been sexually active with 3 partners for the past year. Recently, she has been having pain during intercourse. Her temperature is 37.2°C (99.1°F), the blood pressure is 110/80 mm Hg, and the pulse is 78/min. The ge...
D: Ectopic pregnancy
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Q:A 15-year-old boy is brought to the physician because of progressive left leg pain for the past 2 months. The pain is worse while running and at night. Examination of the left leg shows swelling and tenderness proximal to the knee. Laboratory studies show an alkaline phosphatase level of 200 U/L. An x-ray of the left...
A: Periosteum
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Q:A 12-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department by his mother because of progressive shortness of breath, difficulty speaking, and diffuse, colicky abdominal pain for the past 3 hours. Yesterday he underwent a tooth extraction. His father and a paternal uncle have a history of repeated hospitalizations for u...
C: Antagonist at bradykinin receptor
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Q:A 25-year-old female with a history of childhood asthma presents to clinic complaining of a three month history of frequent, loose stools. She currently has three to four bowel movements per day, and she believes that these episodes have been getting worse and are associated with mild abdominal pain. She also endorse...
B: Propylthiouracil
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Q:A previously healthy 8-year-old boy is brought to the physician because of increasing visual loss and deterioration of his hearing and speech over the past 2 months. During this period, he has had difficulty walking, using the stairs, and feeding himself. His teachers have noticed that he has had difficulty concentra...
B: ATP-binding cassette transporter dysfunction
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Q:A 30-year-old male gang member is brought to the emergency room with a gunshot wound to the abdomen. The patient was intubated and taken for an exploratory laparotomy, which found peritoneal hemorrhage and injury to the small bowel. He required 5 units of blood during this procedure. Following the operation, the pati...
E: Sepsis
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Q:A 34-year-old woman presents to the office with weight gain despite her dietary modifications. She also says she has associated constipation and feels she has no energy. She says she often feels the ambient temperature is too cold these days. Her past medical history is insignificant. Her blood pressure is 140/85 mm ...
C: Binds to a nuclear receptor
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Q:A 4-month-old African-American infant is brought to the pediatrician for a well-baby check up. He was born at term through a normal vaginal delivery and has been well since. His 4-year old brother has sickle-cell disease. He is exclusively breastfed and receives vitamin D supplements. His immunizations are up-to-date...
B: Have the baby sleep in supine position
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Q:Renal clearance of substance Y is experimentally studied. At a constant glomerular filtration rate, it is found that the amount of substance Y excreted is greater than the amount filtered. This holds true across all physiologic values on the titration curve. Substance Y is most similar to which of the following?? {'A...
D: Para-amino hippuric acid
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Q:A 14-year-old Caucasian female commits suicide by drug overdose. Her family decides to donate her organs, and her heart is removed for donation. After removing the heart, the cardiothoracic surgeon notices flat yellow spots on the inside of her aorta. Which of the following cell types predominate in these yellow spot...
B: Macrophages
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Q:A 7-year-old girl is brought to her pediatrician by her mother because of puffiness under both eyes in the morning. The mother reports that the child has just recovered from a seasonal influenza infection a few days ago. Vital signs include: temperature 37°C (98.6°F), blood pressure 100/67 mm Hg, and pulse 95/min. On...
A: Fatty casts
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Q:A 68-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department by her son for altered mental status. She recently had a right knee arthroplasty and was discharged 2 days ago. Her medical history is significant for type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension, for which she takes metformin and hydrochlorothiazide, respective...
C: Intranasal naloxone
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Q:A 71-year-old man presents to the emergency department because of blood in his stool. The patient states that he is not experiencing any pain during defecation and is without pain currently. The patient recently returned from a camping trip where he consumed meats cooked over a fire pit and drank water from local str...
A: Cautery of an arteriovenous malformation
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Q:A 61-year-old man presents to his primary care provider with fatigue, weight loss, and muscle aches. He has experienced these symptoms for the past year but initially attributed them to stress at his work as an attorney. However, over the past month, he has developed intermittent fevers associated with a skin rash th...
B: Myeloperoxidase
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Q:A 62-year-old woman is brought to the physician by her daughter for the evaluation of weight loss and a bloody cough that began 3 weeks ago. Twenty years ago, she had a major depressive episode and a suicide attempt. Since then, her mental status has been stable. She lives alone and takes care of all her activities o...
E: Clarify the daughter's reasons for the request
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Q:A 61-year-old Caucasian male presents to your office complaining of morning headaches of 6 weeks duration. A head MRI reveals a likely metastasis of unknown origin in the supratentorial region of the brain. On biopsy, the neoplastic mass is shown to have a mutation in BRAF, a protein kinase, in which a glutamic acid ...
D: Skin
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Q:A 53-year-old man presents with a 2-year-history of dull, nonspecific flank pain that subsides with rest. His past medical history is significant for hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. He has no allergies and takes no medications. His father died of kidney disease at the age of 51, and ...
C: CT angiography of the head
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Q:A 33-year-old woman presents to her physician's office for a postpartum check-up. She gave birth to a 38-week-old boy via an uncomplicated vaginal delivery 3 weeks ago and has been exclusively breastfeeding her son. The hormone most responsible for promoting milk let-down during lactation in this new mother would lea...
C: IP3
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Q:A 51-year-old man presents to the office with complaints of a gradual swelling of his face and frothy urine, which was first noticed by his wife 4 days ago. He also noticed that his limbs appear swollen. His past medical history include diabetes mellitus for the past 10 years. He is currently on metformin and has wel...
A: Hypoalbuminemia
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Q:A 47-year-old man presents to a physician with a chronic cough and recurrent episodes of dyspnea for the last 3 years. He has visited multiple physicians but gained only temporary and partial relief. He has been hospitalized 3 times for severe exacerbations of his symptoms over the last 3 years. He has been a smoker ...
D: Increased total lung capacity (TLC)
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Q:A 60-year-old man presents to the emergency department for fatigue and feeling off for the past week. He has not had any sick contacts and states that he can’t think of any potential preceding symptoms or occurrence to explain his presentation. The patient has a past medical history of diabetes, hypertension, and con...
B: Administer desmopressin
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Q:A 45-year-old male with a 15-year history of diabetes mellitus presents to his primary care provider for a routine checkup. His doctor is concerned about his renal function and would like to order a test to detect renal impairment. Which of the following is the most sensitive test for detecting renal impairment in di...
B: Urine microalbumin to creatinine ratio
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Q:After receiving a positive newborn screening result, a 2-week-old male infant is brought to the pediatrician for a diagnostic sweat test. The results demonstrated chloride levels of 65 mmol/L (nl < 29 mmol/L). Subsequent DNA sequencing revealed a 3 base pair deletion in a transmembrane cAMP-activated ion channel know...
B: Acetaminophen
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Q:A 25-year-old man comes to the office because of pain in his left shoulder. He says that this pain started 3 years ago and has progressively worsened. He denies joint trauma, fever, dysuria, or morning stiffness. He says that his urine turns black after it is exposed to air and has done so since childhood. He has one...
C: Homogentisic acid oxidase
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Q:A 26-year-old primigravid woman comes to the emergency department because of a 10-hour history of vaginal bleeding and lower abdominal pain. She also had nausea and fatigue for the past 4 weeks. Her last menstrual period was 9 weeks ago. There is no history of medical illness. Vital signs are within normal limits. Pe...
D: Partial molar pregnancy
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Chronic urethral obstruction due to benign prismatic hyperplasia can lead to the following change in kidney parenchyma A) Hyperplasia B) Hyperophy C) Atrophy D) Dyplasia
C) Atrophy
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Which vitamin is supplied from only animal source: A) Vitamin C B) Vitamin B7 C) Vitamin B12 D) Vitamin D
C) Vitamin B12
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All of the following are surgical options for morbid obesity except - A) Adjustable gastric banding B) Biliopancreatic diversion C) Duodenal Switch D) Roux en Y Duodenal By pass
D) Roux en Y Duodenal By pass
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Following endaerectomy on the right common carotid, a patient is found to be blind in the right eye. It is appears that a small thrombus embolized during surgery and lodged in the aery supplying the optic nerve. Which aery would be blocked? A) Central aery of the retina B) Infraorbital aery C) Lacrimal aery D) Nasocil...
A) Central aery of the retina
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Growth hormone has its effect on growth through? A) Directly B) IG1-1 C) Thyroxine D) Intranuclear receptors
B) IG1-1
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Scrub typhus is transmitted by: September 2004 A) Louse B) Tick C) Mite D) Milk
C) Mite
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Abnormal vascular patterns seen with colposcopy in case of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia are all except A) Punctation B) Mosaicism C) Satellite lesions D) Atypical vessels
C) Satellite lesions
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Per rectum examination is not a useful test for diagnosis of A) Anal fissure B) Hemorrhoid C) Pilonidal sinus D) Rectal ulcer
C) Pilonidal sinus
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Characteristics of Remifentanyl – a) Metabolised by plasma esteraseb) Short half lifec) More potent than Alfentanyld) Dose reduced in hepatic and renal diseasee) Duration of action more than Alfentanyl A) ab B) bc C) abc D) bcd
C) abc
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Hypomimia is ? A) Decreased ability to copy B) Decreased execution C) Deficit of expression by gesture D) Deficit of fluent speech
C) Deficit of expression by gesture
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Naglers reaction is shown by A) Clostridium tetani B) Clostridium botulinum C) Clostridium perfringens D) Clostridium septicum
C) Clostridium perfringens
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Which of the following statements are True/False? 1. Hirsutism, which is defined as androgen-dependent excessive male pattern hair growth, affects approximately 25% of women. 2. Virilization refers to a condition in which androgen levels are sufficiently high to cause additional signs and symptoms. 3. Frequently, patie...
C) 2, 4, 5 True & 1, 3 false
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The pharmakokinetic change occurring in geriatric patient is due to A) Gastric absorption B) Liver metabolism C) Renal clearance D) Hypersensitivity
C) Renal clearance
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True regarding lag phase is? A) Time taken to adpt in the new environment B) Growth occurs exponentially C) The plateau in lag phase is due to cell death D) It is the 2nd phase in bacterial growth curve
A) Time taken to adpt in the new environment
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A 60 yr old chronic smoker presents with painless gross hematuria of 1 day duration. Investigation of choice to know the cause of hematuria A) USG B) X-ray KUB C) Urine routine D) Urine microscopy for malignant cytology cells
D) Urine microscopy for malignant cytology cells
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With which of the following receptors theophylline has an antagonistic interaction ? A) Histamine receptors B) Bradykinin receptors C) Adenosine receptors D) Imidazoline receptors
C) Adenosine receptors
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Hyper viscosity is seen in A) Cryoglobulinemia B) Multiple myeloma C) MGUS D) Lymphoma
A) Cryoglobulinemia
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For a positively skewed curve which measure of central tendency is largest A) Mean B) Mode C) Median D) All are equal
A) Mean
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The process of hardening a cement matrix through hydration with oral fluids to achieve greater mechanical strength is known as: A) Maturation B) Setting C) Hardening D) Mineralization
A) Maturation
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Superior vena cava is derived from: A) Aortic arch B) Pharyngeal arch C) Cardinal vein D) Vitelline vein
C) Cardinal vein
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Testicular artery usually arises from A) Abdominal aorta below renal artery B) Renal artery C) Internal iliac artery D) Ext iliac artery
A) Abdominal aorta below renal artery
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Position of vocal cord in cadaver is: A) Median B) Paramedian C) Intermediate D) Full Abduction
C) Intermediate
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Organisms that has not been cultured successfully so far is- A) Leptospira B) Treponema pallidum C) Bordetella D) Staphylococcus
B) Treponema pallidum
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Normal waist hip ratio of a female is below A) 0.7 B) 0.8 C) 0.9 D) 1
B) 0.8
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The most common cause of renal scaring in a 3 year old child is - A) Trauma B) Tuberculosis C) Vesicoureteral reflux induced pyelonephritis D) Interstitial nephritis
C) Vesicoureteral reflux induced pyelonephritis
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A 6hours old snake bite patient comes to emergency with mild local edema at the injury site. On examination no abnormalities detected and lab repos are normal. Most appropriate management is A) Incision and suction B) Wait and watch C) Local subcutaneous antisnake venom D) Intravenous antisnake venom
B) Wait and watch
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Which of the following agents is most commonly associated with recurrent meningitis due to CSF leaks? A) Meningococci B) Pneumococci C) Hemophilus Influenza D) E. Coli
B) Pneumococci
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Treatment of choice in traumatic facial nerve injury is: A) Facial sling B) Facial nerve repair C) Conservative management D) Systemic corticosteroids
B) Facial nerve repair
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What is the best method of informing the rural population about Oral rehydration technique: March 2013 (d, f) A) Chalk and talk/Lecture B) Demonstrations C) Role play D) Flash cards
B) Demonstrations
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Lymph vessel which drain the posterior 1/3 rd of the tongue: A) Basal vessel. B) Marginal vessel. C) Central vessel. D) Lateral vessel.
A) Basal vessel.
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Risk factors associated with post-operative nausea and vomiting following strabismus surgery are all except - A) Age < 3years B) Duration of anesthesia > 30 mins C) Personal or family history of post - op nausea and vomiting D) Personal or family history of motion sickness
A) Age < 3years
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All are True about Acute Osteomyelitis except A) Common in children B) Severe pain C) Involves Epiphyseal plate D) Treatment involves 6 weeks of Antibiotics
C) Involves Epiphyseal plate
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Anterolateral ahroscopy of knee is for: A) To see patellofemoral aiculation B) To see the posterior cruciate ligament C) To see the anterior poion of lateral meniscus D) To see the periphery of the posterior horn of medial meniscus
A) To see patellofemoral aiculation
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Regarding vaginal candidiasis which one of the following is false: A) Cottage cheese like secretions are seen B) Intense pruritus C) Most common in non-pregnant women D) Buds and hyphae seen in KOH preparation
C) Most common in non-pregnant women
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25 year old patient Suspected to have a pneumoperitoneum. Patient is unable to stand. Best x-ray view is A) Left lateral decubitus view B) Right lateral decubitus view C) Supine D) Prone
A) Left lateral decubitus view
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What is the most probable poal of entry of Aspergillus? A) Puncture wound B) Blood C) Lungs D) Gastrointestinal tract
C) Lungs
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For TOF management in antenatal period includes ? A) Balloon valvotomy B) Open hea surgery C) Karyotyping D) Aspirin
C) Karyotyping
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What change will be seen in vertebral column in ochronosis- A) Calcification of disc B) Bamboo spine C) Increased disc space D) None
A) Calcification of disc
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If solid line represent the rigid height, then the following diagram with excessive inter arch space is classified in? A) Class - 1 B) Class - 2 C) Class - 3 D) Class - 4
B) Class - 2
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Pearsonian measure of skewness - A) Mode - Mean/ SD B) Mean - Mode/ SD C) SD/Mode - mean D) Mean - Mode/ SD
B) Mean - Mode/ SD
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Following are the causes of sudden loss of vision except ? A) Angle closure glaucoma B) Endophthalmitis C) Central serous retinopathy D) Corneal ulceration
D) Corneal ulceration
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All of the following are features of Lymph node histology except A) Subcapsular sinus present B) Both Efferent and Afferent are present C) Coex and Medulla are present D) Red pulp and White pulp are present
D) Red pulp and White pulp are present
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During Sx for meningioma, the left paracentral lobule was injured. It would lead to paresis of A) Rt. Leg and perineus B) Left face C) Right face D) Right shoulder & trunk
A) Rt. Leg and perineus
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Which of the following bacterial meningitis is associated with sudural effusion? A) H. influenza B) Neisseria meningitits C) Streptococcus pneumonia D) Enterococcus
A) H. influenza
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All of the following statements are true regarding hyperophy, except: A) Occurs due to synthesis and assembly of additional intracellular components. B) There is an increase in the size of the cells. C) Cells capable of division respond to stress by hyperophy and hyperplasia. D) There is an increase in the number of c...
D) There is an increase in the number of cells.
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Glucose sympo occurs with: A) Na+ B) Ca++ C) K+ D) Cl-
A) Na+
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All are true about temporal arteritis except - A) Can leads to sudden bilateral blindness B) More corrunon in females C) Worsen on exposure to heat D) Mostly affects elderly
C) Worsen on exposure to heat
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Of the various modalities used in the treatment of re-threatening effects of hyperkalemia which one of the following as the most rapid onset of action ? A) Hemodialysis B) Sodium bicarbonate infusion C) Insulin and glucose infusion D) Intravenous calcium gluconate
A) Hemodialysis
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In chronic alcoholism the rate limiting component for alcohol metabolism excluding enzymes is/are : (PGI Dec 2008) A) NADP B) NAD+ C) NADPH D) FADH
B) NAD+
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Minimum level of iodine iodized salt reaching the consumer level according to iodine programme should be:- A) 5 ppm B) 30 ppm C) 15 ppm D) 20 ppm
C) 15 ppm
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True statement regarding specific death rates A) Specific for age and sex B) Identify particular group or groups "at risk" for preventive action C) Find out cause or disease specific D) All of the above
D) All of the above
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Pre-exposure prophylaxis for rabies is given on days A) 0, 3, 7, 14, 28, 90 B) 0, 3, 7, 28, 90 C) 0, 3 D) 0, 7, 28
D) 0, 7, 28
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Regarding Sjogren's syndrome, all are true except: September 2010 A) Keratoconjuctivitis sicca B) Rheumatoid ahritis C) Epiphora D) Autoimmune in nature
C) Epiphora
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Best indicator of antemoum drowning is : A) Froth in mouth and nostrils B) Cutis anserina C) Washerman's hand D) Water in nose
A) Froth in mouth and nostrils
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Splenomegaly may be a feature of: March 2013 A) Megaloblastic anemia B) Sickle cell anemia C) Thalassemia D) G6PD deficiency
B) Sickle cell anemia