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2,877,628,089,154
arxiv
\section{Statement of results} It is well known \cite{TIT1}, see also \cite{TIT2}, that for every Hill operator \begin{equation} H=- \frac{d^2}{dx^2} + q(x), \quad q(x)=q(x+\pi), \quad x\in\mathbb{R} \, \label{1.1} \end{equation} with a real-valued potential function $q(x)$ there exists a sequence of real numbers $$ ...
2,877,628,089,155
arxiv
\section*{Introduction} The Bernstein polynomial of a singularity germ is a powerful analytic invariant, but it is, in general, extremely hard to compute, even in the case of irreducible plane curve singularities. It is well-known that the Bernstein polynomial vary in the $\mu$-constant stratum of such germs. Since ...
2,877,628,089,156
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Unconventional superconductors can be defined by superconducting order parameters that transform nontrivially under crystal symmetries. For a given superconductor, possible unconventional order parameters are classified by non-identity representations of the crystal point group. Such represent...
2,877,628,089,157
arxiv
\section*{Acknowledgements} I would like to thank Luis Alvarez-Gaum\'e, Costas Kounnas and Frederic Zamora for very stimulating discussions. \
2,877,628,089,158
arxiv
\section{Introduction} There are now thousands of detected and confirmed exoplanets and exoplanetary systems. Through transit detections, {\it Kepler} has driven home the ubiquity of extrasolar planets and the diversity of extrasolar planetary systems, providing statistics of extrasolar planets in relatively close...
2,877,628,089,159
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:mainabs>intro} The 18 cm transition of the hydroxyl radical (OH) has extensively been observed toward molecular clouds, late-type stars and external galaxies {\bf \citep[e.g.][]{Harju2000, Caswell2004, Hoffman2005, Wolak2012, Darling2002, Ebisawa2015, Ebisawa2019, Li2018, Xu...
2,877,628,089,160
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Venus is visible in the night sky by the naked eye and belongs to one of the longest studied objects by astronomers. Due to its similarity to Earth in size, mass, density, and orbital distance it is often referred to as Earth's twin. However, its surface conditions are strong...
2,877,628,089,161
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Let $\omega=(\omega_{n})_{n \in \mathbb{N}}$ be the simple random walk on the $d$-dimensional integer lattice $\mathbb{Z}^d$ starting at 0, defined on a probability space $(\Omega, \mathcal{F}, P)$. We also consider a sequence $\eta=(\eta(n,x))_{(n,x) \in \mathbb{N} \times \mathbb{Z}^d}$ of r...
2,877,628,089,162
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:1}\setcounter{equation}{0} In financial markets, trading moves prices against the trader: buying faster increases execution prices, and selling faster decreases them. This aspect of liquidity, known as market depth \cite{B} or price-impact, has received large attention in optimal l...
2,877,628,089,163
arxiv
\section*{Reviewer \thereviewer}} \newenvironment{point} {\refstepcounter{point} \bigskip \noindent {\textbf{Reviewer~Point~\thepoint} } ---\ } {\par } \newcommand{\shortpoint}[1]{\refstepcounter{point} \bigskip \noindent {\textbf{Reviewer~Point~\thepoint} } ---~#1\par } \newenvironment{reply} {\medskip \noinden...
2,877,628,089,164
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} The Milky Way is considered to be our best laboratory for understanding galaxy formation and evolution. This premise hinges on the ability to precisely measure the astrometry and chemistry for (many) individual stars, and to use those data to infer the structure, kin...
2,877,628,089,165
arxiv
\section{Scaling of the numerical implementation} \label{sec:scaling} \subsection{Strong scaling} We perform a detailed timing analysis to demonstrate the parallel scalability of the framework. We perform all scaling tests on TACC's ~\href{https://www.tacc.utexas.edu/systems/stampede2}{Stampede2}~ Knights...
2,877,628,089,166
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The prediction of optical properties is one of the main challenges for the theoretical characterization of molecular aggregates \cite{Saikin_Nanoph2013,Blankenship_book,Skolnick_PRL99,Naomi_NanoLett08}. The complication originates in the disorder and structural variations that span over a broad...
2,877,628,089,167
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The detection of over 200 extrasolar planets has overturned our understanding of what constitutes a typical planetary system. In contrast to the solar system, the extrasolar planetary systems generally contain giant planets with small semi-major axes (0.017 AU $\le a \le$ 6 AU) and sizable ecce...
2,877,628,089,168
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{s1} The statistical properties of a single electron energy spectra in disordered mesoscopic systems have been the subject of intensive study during the past decade. Apart from a fundamental interest on it's own, the spectral statistic is closely related to such observable characteristi...
2,877,628,089,169
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Radial motion of a charged test particle with orbital angular momentum in the field of super-extreme charged central body have been considered in \cite{Gladush-RN+L}. The classification motion types of test particles have been done and their circular orbits have been described. In this pap...
2,877,628,089,170
arxiv
\section{Introduction} A (rational) Hodge structure $V_{\mathbb C} = \bigoplus_{p+q=n} V^{p,q}$ is said to be \emph{effective} if $V^{p,q} = 0$ unless $p$,~$q \geq 0$, and, it is said to be \emph{geometric} (or \emph{motivic}) if it is isomorphic to a Hodge substructure of $H^n(X, \mathbb Q)$ for some smooth, projecti...
2,877,628,089,171
arxiv
\section{\label{sec:intro}Introduction} There are not many examples of exactly solvable problems in physics. It is even more intriguing, when such a problem emerges in a hot topic with a rich perspective of potential applications. Graphene, one or a few layers of two-dimensional hexagonal carbon lattice of graphite \...
2,877,628,089,172
arxiv
\section{OVERVIEW} The preliminary discussions of the Columbia 0.8 Teraflops project began in Spring 1993. Since 1989 the Columbia group has performed lattice QCD calculations on the Columbia 256-node parallel computer with 16 Gflops peak speed. It became clear by that time that the capacity of this computer will ha...
2,877,628,089,173
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The asymptotic giant branch (AGB) is the last evolutionary phase of low- and intermediate-mass stars between approximately 0.8 to 10 M$_{\odot}$ before they evolve towards the white dwarf cooling track via the post-AGB and planetary nebulae phases \citep[see][]{2014PASA}. During the AGB phase the...
2,877,628,089,174
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Galaxy collisions can provide information on (i) galaxy dynamics, (ii) triggers of star formation, and (iii) the origins of ultraluminous X-ray sources, i.e., off-nuclear X-ray point sources whose luminosity exceeds the maximum isotropic emission expected from a $\sim$$10\,M_{...
2,877,628,089,175
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Major advances in stellar interiors physics and evolution have recently been made possible by asteroseismology. This has largely been due to the exquisite space-based data made available by CNES/ESA's CoRoT \citep{Baglin09} and NASA's \textit{Kepler}/K2 \citep{Borucki10,Koch10,...
2,877,628,089,176
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The discovery of tight local correlations between the mass $M_{BH}$ of Supermassive Black Holes (SMBHs) and global properties of their host galaxies, like the stellar mass $M_*$ or the velocity dispersion $\sigma_*$, (Kormendy \& Richstone 1995; Magorrian et al. 1998; Ho 1999; Gebhardt et al. 2...
2,877,628,089,177
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{Intro} The concept of multifractality, whereby not just one but an extended spectrum of exponents is required to account for the dynamics of a system, represents one of the pillars of complex signal analysis \cite{pietronero2012,kwapien2012,vicsek1992,mandelbrot1968,peng1992}. The term wa...
2,877,628,089,178
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Artificial graphene\cite{Polini2013} is an emerging field which offers a playground to investigate physical phenomena related to massless Dirac fermions in situations hardly reachable in genuine graphene. As reported recently,\cite{Polini2013} many different low-energy physical systems such as 2D...
2,877,628,089,179
arxiv
\section{} One of the main objectives of contemporary astroparticle physics is solving the Dark Matter enigma. Among several hypothetical particles that might account for Dark Matter, WIMPs (Weakly Interacting Massive Particles) play a central role, see, e.g., \cite{Taoso}. The aim of the CRESST (Cryogenic Rare Event S...
2,877,628,089,180
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION} The analysis of cavitation is a significant concern for both fundamental fluid-dynamics and engineering applications such as high-pressure atomizers, spray generators, pumps, propellers, hydraulic turbines, etc. Cavitation is defined as the rupture of a liquid due to a pressure drop, which fal...
2,877,628,089,181
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Scattering processes at high energy hadron colliders can be classified as either hard or soft. Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) is the underlying theory for all such processes, but the approach and level of understanding is very different for the two cases. For hard processes, e.g....
2,877,628,089,182
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The neptunium atom is one by-product of nuclear fission reactions of nuclear power plants that is characterized by its high chemical reactivity and toxicity. It is anticipated that neptunium compounds are the main source of radiation during sustained storage and thus should be sheltered by mater...
2,877,628,089,183
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{S:intro} It is well-known that the functional repertoire of RNA is closely related to the variety of its shapes. Therefore it is of utmost importance to understand the structural ``language'' of RNA as this will eventually allow for fast folding, identification and discovery of new RNA fu...
2,877,628,089,184
arxiv
\section{Inequalities} The inequalities that we derive here concern the quantity \beq L(\chi,\left\{t_i\right\}) \equiv \mathcal{G}(\chi;t_1,t_0) + \mathcal{G}(\chi;t_2,t_1) - \mathcal{G}(\chi;t_2,t_0) \label{Ldefn} , \eeq which involves the MGF over three different time intervals. To...
2,877,628,089,185
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} It is predicted that an order of magnitude increase in network throughput is needed to support the tremendous growth of data traffic expected for the near future~\cite{cisco2014data}. Conventional technologies are severely limited towards the goal of achieving such a dramatic...
2,877,628,089,186
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Prior to the launch of NASA's {\kep} satellite, an extensive programme to identify bright dwarf G and K stars with minimal stellar activity was carried out, which resulted in the {\sl Kepler Input Catalog} (KIC) \citep{brown11}. Although a small number of photometric variability surveys were ca...
2,877,628,089,187
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} We divide the energy of a BCS superconductor \cite{PhysRev.108.1175.1957.Bardeen} into three parts: the ground-state energy $E_{gs}$, the condensate energy ${\mathcal E}_c$, and the energy of the quasiparticles $E_{qp}$. $E_{gs}$ is a constant and represents the total energy of the...
2,877,628,089,188
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Compared to regular or pure systems, magnetic systems with quenched disorder, like spin glasses and random-field systems \cite{young1998}, exhibit many peculiar properties. Their complex low-temperature behavior is still not fully understood, even for two-dimensional systems. As analytical so...
2,877,628,089,189
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Current supermassive black hole (SMBH) formation and SMBH/galaxy co-evolution models predict an early dust-enshrouded phase associated with rapid SMBH growth triggered by multiple galaxy encounters \citep{silk98,dimatteo05,hopkins08}. Tidal interactions favor both violent star formation as ...
2,877,628,089,190
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Search for instabilities to explain the accretion rates in flow-dominated astrophysical settings with massive central objects has led to great interest in the magnetorotational instability (MRI)~\citep{Balbus1991}. It was recognized that weak magnetic fields could trigger an MHD instability in a...
2,877,628,089,191
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} The standard model~(SM) of particle physics is a very successful theory that describes the fundamental known particles and their interactions based on the gauge symmetry $\mathsf{SU}(3) \times \mathsf{SU}(2) \times \mathsf{U}(1)$. So far, the discovered elementary fermions are ...
2,877,628,089,192
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In 1939, Erd{\H o}s and Kac~\cite{ek40} used probabilistic methods to prove a striking fact concerning a class of strongly additive functions, establishing the following foundational result in the field of probabilistic number theory. \begin{theorem}[Erd\H os/Kac]\label{EK classical} Let $g$ be...
2,877,628,089,193
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The density distribution of X-ray-emitting gas in galaxy clusters is an important probe of the underlying mass distribution. By assuming hydrostatic equilibrium and spherical symmetry, the total mass distribution can be obtained from the gas density profile $\rho_{\rm gas}(r)$ and temperature pr...
2,877,628,089,194
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} The description of neutrino interactions with nuclei and nuclear matter over a broad kinematical domain, besides being highly valuable in its own right, will be required as an input for the ongoing studies aimed at addressing two outstanding and fundamental physics issues: the viola...
2,877,628,089,195
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Soon after the discovery of the solution of Kerr \cite{Ke1} the problem of finding interior solutions to this solution became a major problem of the general theory of relativity. The efforts before 1978 are described in Ref \cite{Kr1}. According to this reference since all efforts were un...
2,877,628,089,196
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In the era of Internet of Things (IoT) and smart agents, the amount of data available in the network explodes in both size and complexity. In such a multi-agent setting, distributed algorithm for network optimization becomes lucrative and practical since it is not always efficient to gather all t...
2,877,628,089,197
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Video-based gaze tracking deals with the problem of determining the gaze of a person's eye given images of the eyes. By ``gaze'' one usually means the point on a two-dimensional screen where the person is looking (2D gaze), but sometimes one wishes to determine the complete gaze ray in 3D space,...
2,877,628,089,198
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has quickly become a global pandemic and resulted in over 400,469 COVID-19 related deaths as of June 8th, 2020\footnote{Source: World Health Organization.}. The virus comes from the same family as the SARS-CoV outbreak originated in...
2,877,628,089,199
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Uranium ditelluride UTe$_2$ was recently reported to show unconventional superconductivity \cite{Ran2019}. It crystallizes in the orthorhombic $Immm$ structure of its own type \cite{Haneveld1970,Beck1988}. Unlike other two uranium dichalcogenides $\beta$-US$_2$\cite{Suski1972a} and $\beta$-...
2,877,628,089,200
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The partisan composition of the US House of Representatives is the result of a number of factors: the economy, social issues, who is president, party platforms, voter ID laws, propaganda, campaign finance laws, the characteristics and incumbency statuses of individual candidates, and district pl...
2,877,628,089,201
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Realtime face identification (FID) is an active area of research in the artificial intelligence domain that has widely been adopted by the industry. As it matures, today, we are witnessing it spreading into our daily lives and being implemented even in mobile applications that often have lim...
2,877,628,089,202
arxiv
\section{Introduction} One of the standard calculi without structural rules for ${\sf IPC}$ is ${\sf G3ip}$ (Figure~\ref{figgthm}), which is the propositional part of the calculus {\sf G3i} from \citep{troelstra&schwichtenberg96}. This is an elegant analytic calculus, but it has the unfortunate feature that unrestricte...
2,877,628,089,203
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) connect wearable computing devices and sensors that are placed on, around or inside the body through wireless networks. They enable many promising applications in the area of remote health monitoring, health care, fitness, smart clothing, etc. To address the u...
2,877,628,089,204
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In recent years much interest was attracted to experimental studies of Hall effect at low temperatures in the normal state of high -- temperature superconductors (cuprates), which is achieved in very strong external magnetic fields \cite{Boeb,Tal1,Tal2}. The observed anomalies of Hall effect i...
2,877,628,089,205
arxiv
\section*{Acknowledgements} This work is supported by French grant ANR PARTONS No. ANR-12-MONU-0008-01. B. D. is supported by the Academy of Finland, project 273464. L. S. was partially supported by grant of National Science Center, Poland, No. 2015/17/B/ST2/01838. This work was done using computing resources from CS...
2,877,628,089,206
arxiv
\section{Introduction} To clarify the relationship between the pseudogap and the superconductivity, particularly whether the pseudogap is associated with incoherent precursor pairing of the superconductivity or an ordered state competing with the superconductivity, has been one of the central issues in the research fi...
2,877,628,089,207
arxiv
\section{} \tableofcontents \section{Introduction} \label{sig:sec:Intro} Many liquid film coating processes have tight product specifications and require precise control over process conditions. Such processes are used, for example, to produce printed electronics, liquid display screens, high quality papers us...
2,877,628,089,208
arxiv
\section{Intoduction} Upcoming radio observation facilities such as the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP), the MeerKAT Karoo Array Telescope, the Low Frequency Array (LOFAR), and ultimately the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) will pose a significant challenge for current astronomical data analysis and ...
2,877,628,089,209
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Our aim is to investigate the existence of weak solutions to equations, modelling a special case of compressible, non-Newtonian fluid. In the most general setting, the motion of such a fluid without the presence of the external forces is described by the system of partial differential equations...
2,877,628,089,210
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Quantum sources of entangled particles represent a fundamental component for different applications \cite{genovese} such as quantum computing \cite{cq1,cq2,paladino}, quantum communication based protocols such as dense coding \cite{dense}, teleportation \cite{telp}, quantum cryptography \cite{ek...
2,877,628,089,211
arxiv
\section{Introduction} We consider the nonlinear stability and asymptotic behavior of periodic steady waves in the Lugiato-Lefever equation (LLE) \begin{equation}\label{e:LLE} \partial_t \psi=-\mathrm{i}\beta\psi_{xx}-(1+\mathrm{i}\alpha)\psi+\mathrm{i}|\psi|^2\psi+F, \end{equation} with parameters $\alpha,\beta \in {...
2,877,628,089,212
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The efficiency of thermoelectric materials is determined by the dimensionless figure of merit $ZT=S^2G_eT/(\kappa_e+\kappa_{ph})$, which depends on the Seeback coefficient ($S$), electrical conductance ($G_e$) and thermal conductance ($\kappa=\kappa_e+\kappa_{ph}$) of the material.$^{1,2)}$ The ...
2,877,628,089,213
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{intro.tex} In \cite{hc} Harish-Chandra laid down the foundation for the theory of representation of real semisimple Lie algebras. He constructed modules, which are highest weight, both infinitesimally and globally. In \cite{cfv1} we initiated the study of the infinitesimal modules for the ...
2,877,628,089,214
arxiv
\section{Introduction} During the last two decades `dynamic' network models (which evolve/grow step-by-step) have been of great interest in various different research areas, including combinatorics, probability theory, statistical physics, and network science, see \eg{} \cite{BBRG,JLR,FKRG, Durrett2010,Hofstad2...
2,877,628,089,215
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Radio frequency (RF) signals are used in a multitude of defense, commercial, and civilian applications that are critical to the safety and security of mankind. Most of the RF applications like Radar include target detection, localization, and tracking in the presence of intentional and unintentio...
2,877,628,089,216
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The prognosis of breast cancer depends on whether the cancer has spread to other organs \cite{Voogd2001}. For diagnostic purposes, the lymph-nodes closest to the tumor are first removed via biopsy and then screened to detect the presence or absence of metastasizing cancer cells \cite{CRONIN201832...
2,877,628,089,217
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} Financial markets consist of different participants who watch the market with different temporal resolution and who react to price changes with different time horizons. For example, whereas intra-day traders watch the market continuously and trade multiple times each day, fund mana...
2,877,628,089,218
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:Intro} Survival analysis consists of studying the elapsed time until an event of interest, such as the death or recovery of a patient in medical studies. This paper aims to compare methods to predict a patient's survival from clinical and gene expression data. The Cox model \citep{co...
2,877,628,089,219
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \begin{frame}[t]{Motivation} \begin{enumerate}[$\Rightarrow$] \item Automatic Answer generation is a fundamental task in E-commerce \vspace{2mm} \item Successful answering of posted questions help in making a purchase decision. \item The quicker a question is...
2,877,628,089,220
arxiv
\section*{Appendix} \subsection*{Case studies} The equations governing the dynamics of the circadian clock model are given in Figure \ref{circ_model}. The equations contain rate constants, which are denoted $k_1$ to $k_28$, set according to \cite{miyano09}. The combination of ``mode indicator'' binary variables $\thet...
2,877,628,089,221
arxiv
\section{Introduction} At present observations and theory together give a comprehensive picture of star formation. Nevertheless, how young pre-main sequence (PMS) objects effectively lose angular momentum is still not fully understood. PMS stars increase their mass by accreting material from the circumstellar disk. At...
2,877,628,089,222
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The non-locality is one of the most intriguing characteristics of the quantum theory. Since seminal papers by Bell \cite{Bell}, where non-locality was referred as the non-local causality, as well as by Popescu and Rohrlich \cite{PR}, it has been treated as a resource \cite{Barret-Roberts} for the...
2,877,628,089,223
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Multi-target, multi-camera tracking is an useful but challenging problem in computer vision. By combining the trajectory information from multiple cameras, it overcomes the limitation of the field of view in single camera and allows people to conduct a more detailed analysis of the target. This t...
2,877,628,089,224
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro} Astronomers typically classify stars into two or three mass regimes for a number of reasons that can generally by summarised as their expected courses of evolution and environmental influences. High-mass stars are widely agreed to include any star of $M\gtrsim8$~$M_{\odot}$---the...
2,877,628,089,225
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Density functional theory (DFT) \cite{hohenberg1964inhomogeneous,kohn1965self} is widely applied for electronic structure calculations in diverse fields including physics and chemistry. \cite{jones2015density} Though the theory is exact, its practicality often relies on the approximation of the s...
2,877,628,089,226
arxiv
\section{Introduction} As one of the main contents of deepfake, face swapping declares to the world today that seeing is not always believing. Face swapping refers to transferring the identity of the source image to the face of another target image while keeping the illumination, head posture, expression, dress, bac...
2,877,628,089,227
arxiv
\section*{Acknowledgement} This work was partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 61872369 and 61832017, the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, the Research Funds of Renmin University of China under Grant No. 18XNLG22 and 19XNQ047, and Beijing Outstan...
2,877,628,089,228
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In 1982, Feynman envisioned the idea of simulating quantum mechanical processes occurring in nature through devices that operate on the principles of quantum mechanics themselves~\cite{Feynman1982}. Since then, a lot of important progress has been made in the development of such quantum mechanica...
2,877,628,089,229
arxiv
\section*{Acknowledgements} We acknowledge discussions with J. D. Joannopoulos, M. Soljacic, G.P. Tsironis, S. Shirodkar and P. Cazeaux, and support by EFRI 2-DARE NSF Grant 1542807 (MM), ARO MURI Award No. W911NF14-0247 (EK), the E.U. program FP7-REGPOT-2012-2013-1, grant 316165 (MM), and a SEED grant of Nazarbay...
2,877,628,089,230
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Generative modeling is one of the longest standing tasks of classical and modern machine learning \cite{bishop2006pattern}. Recently, the foundational works by \citet{song2019generative,song2020sliced,pang2020efficient} on sampling via \emph{score-matching} \cite{hyvarinen2005estimation} and by ...
2,877,628,089,231
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The goal of an agent is to maximise its expected utility; but how do we measure utility? One method is to assign an instantaneous reward to particular events, such as having a good meal, or a pleasant walk. It would be natural to measure the utility of a plan (policy) by simply summing the expec...
2,877,628,089,232
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Convex optimisation is a branch of applied mathematics that finds widespread use in financial modelling, operations research, machine learning, and many other fields. Algorithms for convex optimisation often have many parameters that can be tuned to improve performance. However, a choice ...
2,877,628,089,233
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are the brightest flashes of $\gamma$-ray emission in the Universe. After the collapse of a massive star or coalescence of two compact stellar objects \citep{1993ApJ...405..273W,2014ARA&A..52...43B,2017PhRvL.119p1101A,2017ApJ...848L..12A}, the accretion ...
2,877,628,089,234
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} This paper is mainly concerned with extending heavy quark effective theory (HQET), and non-relativistic QCD (NRQCD) from pure QCD to the full Standard Model (SM). Originally, EFTs were developed to take advantage of the fact that the masses of the heavy quarks (top, bottom and ...
2,877,628,089,235
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \subsection{Trading in a stock exchange} A stock exchange provides a platform for people to trade stocks of companies that are listed in the exchange. Suppose a potential buyer $X$ intents to buy a stock $S$. So $X$ offers or bids a price for one unit of stock of $S$. A potential seller $Y$, who...
2,877,628,089,236
arxiv
\subsection{Zero-shot priors for active learning} \label{sec:EXPzeroshot} We first establish the value of using a zero-shot model as an auxiliary source for active learning. To that end, we compare the effect of the zero-shot warm initialization against a basic random initialization which is a standard choice in acti...
2,877,628,089,237
arxiv
\section{\@startsection {section}{1}{\z@}% {-3.25ex\@plus -1ex \@minus -.2ex}% {1.5ex \@plus .2ex}% {\normalfont\scshape\centering}} \makeatother \title{On Why-Questions in Physics} \author{Gergely Sz\'ekely} \date{} \maketitle \section{introduction...
2,877,628,089,238
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} White dwarf stars form a remarkably homogeneous class of objects, and yet they exhibit a surprisingly diverse variety of faces. On one hand, all stars with initial masses lower than $\sim$8 \msun\ (that is, $\sim$97\% of the stars in the Galaxy) are destined to evolve into whit...
2,877,628,089,239
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Deep discriminative models (\emph{e.g.}~deep regression forests, deep neural decision forests) have recently been applied to many computer vision problems with remarkable success. They compute the input to output mapping for regression or classification by virtue of deep neural networks~\cite{Kon...
2,877,628,089,240
arxiv
\section*{Abstract} We use topological data analysis as a tool to analyze the fit of mathematical models to experimental data. This study is built on data obtained from motion tracking groups of aphids in [Nilsen et al., PLOS One, 2013] and two random walk models that were proposed to describe the data. One model incor...
2,877,628,089,241
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \setcounter{equation}{0} \noindent The biased random walk ${\mathrm{RW}}_\lambda$ with parameter $\lambda\in [0,\infty)$ was introduced to design a Monte-Carlo algorithm for the self-avoiding walk by Berretti and Sokal \cite{BS1985}. The idea was refined and developed in \cite{LS1988,SJ1989, RD1...
2,877,628,089,242
arxiv
\section{Introduction} As an application of the extremal contraction theory, S.\ Mori and S.\ Mukai classified smooth Fano 3-folds with Picard number greater than or equal to 2 (\cite{MM}). We observe that many of examples in the Mori-Mukai's list are obtained by blowing up other smooth projective 3-folds. In fac...
2,877,628,089,243
arxiv
\section{The metric property}\label{sec:introduction} \PARstart{T}{he} present work builds on a recent report \cite{Geo2006_metrics} where the present author introduced a natural pseudo-Riemannian metric on power spectral density functions of discrete-time stochastic processes, characterized geodesics, and computed geo...
2,877,628,089,244
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Numerical methods for differential equations involving fractional derivatives either in time or space have been studied widely since they have various new scientific applications \cite{Re+2014+PRL,Sabatelli+2002+EP,Shlesinger+1987+PRL,Sun+2009+PA,Mainardi+2014,Samko+1993,Podlubny+1999}. However, ...
2,877,628,089,245
arxiv
\section*{Background} Systems biology aims at understanding the organization of complex biological systems with a combination of mathematical modelling, experiments, and advanced computational tools. To describe the behaviour of complex systems, models with sufficient level of detail to provide mechanistic explan...
2,877,628,089,246
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} Clustering algorithms are widely used in automated decision-making tasks, e.g., unsupervised learning~\cite{tan2006cluster}, feature engineering~\cite{jiang2008clustering,glassman2014feature}, and recommendation systems~\cite{burke2011recommender,pham2011clustering,da...
2,877,628,089,247
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Supersymmetry (SUSY) \cite{Salam:1974yz, Fayet:1976cr, Nilles:1983ge, Wess:1992cp, Martin:1997ns} offers one of the most elegant solutions to the hierarchy problem. In the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) \cite{Fayet:1976et, Martin:1997ns, Vempati:2012np}, the Higgs mass is protect...
2,877,628,089,248
arxiv
\section{References} \begingroup \renewcommand{\section}[2]{} \bibliographystyle{IEEEbib} \section{Analysis} \vspace{-0em} \label{sec:analysis} \fig{clustering} visualises clustering results of a sub-meeting of the eval set using a 2D \acrshort{tsne}~\cite{maaten2008visualizing} projection of the 32D segment embed...
2,877,628,089,249
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} Online Social Networks (OSNs) that play an important role in the exchange of information between people, have grown noticeably in the last few years. \textit{Diffusion} is a fundamental process over these networks by which information, ideas and new behaviors, namely con...
2,877,628,089,250
arxiv
\section{{\bf Introduction}}\label{intro} Throughout this paper, we denote by $G$ the modular group $\mbox{PSL}(2, \Z)$, whose elements are all the M\"{o}bius transformations $z\mapsto (az+b)/(cz+d)$, $a,b,c,d\in\Z$, $ad-bc=1$. It is known (\cite{HM}) that $G$ has the finite presentation $<x,y : x^2=y^3=1>$, where $...
2,877,628,089,251
arxiv
\section{Finite element method derivation} \label{Sec_supp_FEM} Here we derive the elements of the matrices $M$ and $N$ in the FEM derivation of jump rates. We have \begin{equation} M \frac{\partial \tilde{\textbf{p}}}{\partial t} = - N \tilde{\textbf{p}}, \end{equation} where $M_{ij} = \int_\Omega \varphi_i \varphi_...
2,877,628,089,252
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The recent FNAL E665 experiment [1] on the exclusive virtual photoproduction of the $\rho^{0}$-mesons on nuclei [1] confirmed the long anticipated effect of color transparency (CT): decrease of nuclear attenuation of the produced $\rho^{0}$ mesons with increasing virtuality $Q^{2}$ of photons [...
2,877,628,089,253
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In a recent investigation Bender, Cooper, Khare, Mihaila and Saxena \cite {comp1} have found compacton solutions, i.e. solitary wave solutions with compact support, for $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric extensions of generalized Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equations. The proposed models generalize various sy...