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1,314,259,993,063 | arxiv | \section{#1}}
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\newcommand{\underline{\mathrm{P}}}{\underline{\mathrm{P}}}
\newcommand{\Gamma}{\Gamma}
\newcommand{\partial}{\par... |
1,314,259,993,064 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Since the Euclidean Einstein action of the gravitational field is not limited from below, the minimal Lagrangian $\sqrt{g}R/16\pi G$ has often been ``stabilized`` with a term $\sqrt{g}R^2$ which does not have sizable effects at macroscopic distances, but only on a very small scale \cite{stelle19... |
1,314,259,993,065 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^2$ be a polygonal domain and let $\gamma$ be a line segment in $\Omega$. Consider the elliptic boundary value problem
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:Possion}
\left\{
\begin{aligned}
-\Delta u =\delta_{\gamma} & \quad \text{in } \Omega, \\
u =0 ... |
1,314,259,993,066 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Even galaxies with little star formation activity continue to evolve,
as evidenced by the substantial increase of their cosmic stellar mass
density over the past 7 billion years \citep{bell04b, faber07,
brown07}. This must be related to the decreasing star formation
activity over the same peri... |
1,314,259,993,067 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A current trend in cryptography is the design of primitives with a low-cost implementation.
\textit{Lightweight cryptography}~\cite{Eisenbarth2007} is interested in metrics such as the circuit area, energy consumption or code size. The Girault, Poupard and Stern authentication protocol (GPS) is... |
1,314,259,993,068 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
\noindent In this paper we consider an $N$--person differential game driven by a stochastic system of differential equations
\begin{equation}\label{eq:sde}
dX^i_t=(AX^i_t-\alpha^i_t)dt+\sigma dW^i_t\,, \qquad X_0^i=x^i\in\mathbb{R}^d\,,\qquad i=1,\ldots,N\,,
\end{equation}
where... |
1,314,259,993,069 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
A major goal of numerical relativity is to simulate the coalescence
of an orbiting pair of black holes. In studying such systems,
we will be interested in determining many quantities: the
energy and momentum radiated, the associated waveforms, the
total angular momentum of the... |
1,314,259,993,070 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The star WASP-14 (\textit{V}\,=\,9.75 mag) was found to have a transiting planet by \citet{2009MNRAS.392.1532J}. The planet orbits the host star with a period of 2.24\,d causing transits with a depth of 11 millimag (mmag) and a duration of 2.8\,h. High-accuracy photometric and spectroscopic foll... |
1,314,259,993,071 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:0}
A numerical semigroup is a subset $S$ of $\N$ (here $\N$ denotes the set of non-negative integers) closed under
addition, containing zero and such that $\N\backslash S$ is finite.
Numerical semigroups were first considered while studying the
set of nonnegative solutions of Dio... |
1,314,259,993,072 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{S:intro}
Rotating stratified flows are particularly important in the understanding of the dynamics of our planet
and the Sun. Several of the key concepts needed in order to progress in predictions of the weather and
in the global evolution of the climate depend crucially on a fundament... |
1,314,259,993,073 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Recently, the LIGO~\citep{advanced-ligo} and Virgo~\citep{advanced-virgo} scientific collaborations (LVC) reported
the detection of one of the most enigmatic gravitational wave (GW) mergers till date~\citep{Abbott:2020khf}.
This event, named GW190814, has been associated with a compact object b... |
1,314,259,993,074 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:Intro}
The LHC experiments are now going on to discover new physics,
for which the supersymmetry (SUSY) is one of the most attractive candidates.
The SUSY signals have not yet observed
although the Higgs-like events are almost confirmed~\cite{Higgs}.
The lower bounds of the... |
1,314,259,993,075 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Recently, the realization of a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) strongly
coupled to the quantized photon field in an optical cavity has
been shown \cite{Colombe,Brennecke}. This paves the way to study
the interplay of atomic interactions and atom-photon interactions.
For example, the novel qua... |
1,314,259,993,076 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $\ell$, $m\in\{0,1,\dots\}$.
Consider the nonlinear integral equation
\begin{equation}
\tag{I}
\begin{split}
& u(x,t)=\int_{{\mathbb R}^N}G(x,y,t)\phi(y)\,dy\\
& \qquad
+\sum_{|\alpha|=\ell}a_\alpha\int_0^t\int_{{\mathbb R}^N}\partial_x^\alpha G(x,y,t-s)
F\left(y,s,u(y,s),\dots,\nabla^m u(... |
1,314,259,993,077 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Formulating the Casimir energy in terms of scattering theory has made
it possible to efficiently reduce quantum field theory calculations to
standard problems in quantum mechanics and electromagnetism.
By expressing the ``TGTG'' form of the Casimir energy
\cite{Kenneth06} in appropriate sc... |
1,314,259,993,078 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $X$ be a projective variety over $\mathbb{C}$ and let $N_{k}(X)_{\mathbb{Z}}$ denote the group of $k$-cycle classes up to numerical equivalence. Given a class $\alpha \in N_{k}(X)_{\mathbb{Z}}$, we define the mobility count of $\alpha$ to be
\begin{equation*}
\mc(\alpha) = \max \left\{ b ... |
1,314,259,993,079 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $[n]$ denote the set $\{1,2,\ldots,n\}$.
Let $N,t,k,$ and $v$ be integers such that $k \ge t \ge 2$ and $v \ge 2$.
Let $A$ be an $N \times k$ array where each entry is from the set $[v]$.
For $I = \{j_1, \ldots, j_\rho\} \subseteq [k]$ where $j_1<\ldots<j_\rho$, let $A_I$ denote the $N \t... |
1,314,259,993,080 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Recovery of coherent broadband signals, especially their phase, is a continuously developing field as detectors are often not fast enough to make direct measurements. Recently ptychography, a robust lens-less imaging technique developed to solve the phase problem in crystallography by Hoppe ... |
1,314,259,993,081 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}%
\label{section-introduction}
Query learning is a framework in which a learning algorithm attempts to identify a target concept using specified types of queries to an oracle (or teacher) about the target concept~\cite{Angluin:1988}. For example, if the target concept is a regular languag... |
1,314,259,993,082 | arxiv | \section{How can \textit{classical} gravity teach us anything about \textit{quantum} spacetime?}
\label{sec:topdown}
In one sentence, the paradigm that we will explore \cite{rop} is the following: Gravity is an emergent phenomenon like gas dynamics or elasticity
with the gravitational field equations having the same s... |
1,314,259,993,083 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Chinese word segmentation (CWS) is a preliminary and important task for Chinese natural language processing (NLP). Currently, the state-of-the-art methods are based on statistical supervised learning algorithms, and rely on a large-scale annotated corpus whose cost is extremely expensive. Althoug... |
1,314,259,993,084 | arxiv | \section{Motivation}
The transverse single-spin asymmetry, $A_N$, is an observable that
probes the spin structure of the proton. It is defined via
\begin{equation}
A\left(\phi\right)=\frac
{d\sigma^{\uparrow}\left(\phi\right)-d\sigma^{\downarrow}\left(\phi\right)}
{d\sigma^{\uparrow}\left(\phi\right)+d\sigma^{\downa... |
1,314,259,993,085 | arxiv | \section{Algorithm}\label{sec:algorithm}
\section{Conclusions and Future Research}
Quasi-perfect equilibrium has been studied in extensive-form games, but was poorly
understood in Stackelberg settings
We provided a game-theoretic, axiomatic
definition of \emph{quasi-perfect Stackelberg equilibrium (QPSE)}. W... |
1,314,259,993,086 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
Nowadays floating electrons in a bulk diamond are discussed as alternative to classical lead in new electronic devices \cite{Ray2011}. Laterally confined electrons above liquid helium have been demonstrated and proposed for advanced computing applications \cite{Lyon2006, Platzman1999}. Floating... |
1,314,259,993,087 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The Loop Vertex Expansion (LVE) was introduced by Rivasseau in 2007 \cite{Rivasseau2007aa} as a new tool in constructive field theory in order to deal with matrix fields. It was then successfully applied to general tensor fields \cite{Gurau2013ac,Delepouve2014aa,Rivasseau2016aa}.
For a general e... |
1,314,259,993,088 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
SU~UMa-type stars form a sub-group of dwarf novae characterized by the
appearance of long and bright ``superoutbursts'', during which periodic
modulations, ``superhumps'', are observed \citep{war85suuma}. Superhumps
have periods slightly longer than orbital periods, which can
be explained by a... |
1,314,259,993,089 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the next decade, neutral hydrogen may become the ultimate cosmological probe. The uniqueness of \textsc{Hi} stems from the expectation that, in principle, its presence can be detected, and its properties characterized, during every epoch of cosmological history. Immediately following recom... |
1,314,259,993,090 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The main enhancement of 5G Time Division Duplex (TDD) as compared to 4G is the flexibility in the assignment of the two directions, uplink (UL) and downlink (DL), allowing for a very agile adaptation to the instantaneous traffic variations. Another remarkable feature of 5G {New Radio (NR)} is the... |
1,314,259,993,091 | arxiv | \section{
{\it Introduction.--}
We recognize, through a decade of research, that entanglement is
indispensable to execute quantum information processing (QIP),
such as quantum computation and multi-party quantum communication.
A persistent challenge is to maintain multipartite entanglement against
decoherence.
In thi... |
1,314,259,993,092 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
\input{010_intro}
\section{Hexagonal flanks}
\label{sec:trio}
\input{020_trio}
\section{Satellite triangles}
\label{sec:satellite}
\input{030_satellite}
\section{A Web of Confocal Parabolas}
\label{sec:parabolas}
\input{040_parabolas}
\section{Controlled by Poncelet}
\label{... |
1,314,259,993,093 | arxiv | \partial{\partial}
\def\lwr #1{\lower 5pt\hbox{$#1$}\hskip -3pt}
\def\rse #1{\hskip -3pt\raise 5pt\hbox{$#1$}}
\def\lwrs #1{\lower 4pt\hbox{$\scriptstyle #1$}\hskip -2pt}
\def\rses #1{\hskip -2pt\raise 3pt\hbox{$\scriptstyle #1$}}
\def\bmatrix#1{\left[\matrix{#1}\right]}
\def\<#1{\left\langle{#1}\right\rangle}
\def\... |
1,314,259,993,094 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Visual Object Tracking (VOT) is an important component in many video surveillance applications to localize objects and persons, and possibly regroup their images, for further processing in applications such as scene understanding, action recognition, person re-identification, expression recognit... |
1,314,259,993,095 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Ants (\textit{Hymenoptera: Formicidae}), renowned for their remarkable diversity and ecological significance \cite{wilson1999diversity}, typically display extraordinary collective behavior \cite{holldobler2009superorganism}. A key question in evolutionary neurobiology concerns ... |
1,314,259,993,096 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\noindent In many complex networks, nodes cluster and form relatively dense groups---often called communities~\cite{Fortunato2010,Porter2009}.
Such a modular structure is usually not known beforehand.
Detecting communities in a network is therefore an important problem.
One of the best-known met... |
1,314,259,993,097 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
Secure multiparty computation (MPC) allows a set of mutually distrusting parties to
compute a publicly known function on their secret inputs without revealing their
inputs to each other. This is done through the execution of a cryptographic protocol which guarantees that the protocol participant... |
1,314,259,993,098 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
We answer in the affirmative a conjecture posed by Hegselmann and
Krause about the long-term behavior of opinions in a finite group of
individuals, some of them attracted to the truth, the so-called
\emph{truth seekers}. Our contribution: Under mild assumptions, the
opinions of all truth seeker... |
1,314,259,993,099 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
There is plenty of indirect cosmological evidence~\cite{ref::wimpcosmology} that the vast majority of the Universe's energy content is dark,
with about 25\% being in the form of dark matter which builds large scale structures.
Another 70\% is the mysterious dark energy, responsible for the acce... |
1,314,259,993,100 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Over the last 30 years the Crab pulsar has been extensively studied.
The reasons for it are clear -- it is the brightest pulsar seen in
optics, it is nearby and young.
However, the post popular groups contemporary theories of the Crab high-energy
emission, the ``polar cap'' \citep{daugherty} a... |
1,314,259,993,101 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
The origin of asteroid orbit determination is closely tied to the discovery of Ceres by Giuseppe Piazzi on January 1, 1801. The new object, believed to be a comet, was followed briefly and lost after going through solar conjunction. To resolve the problem, Carl Friedrich Gauss ... |
1,314,259,993,102 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{s_intro}
Consider the input/output linear system
\begin{equation}\label{system_td}\left\{\begin{array}{l} x_k=\mathrm q x_{k-1}+\mathrm w u_{k-1}~~k=1,\dots,K\\
y_k=c x_k+n_k\\
\end{array}\right.
\end{equation}
with $K\in\mathds{N}$ (possibly tending to infinity), $u_k\in\{0,1\}$ for $k=0,\... |
1,314,259,993,103 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
It is a well-known consequence of the amalgamated product structure of $\Aut({\mathbb A}^{2})$ that every reductive subgroup $G \subset \Aut({\mathbb A}^{2})$ is conjugate to a subgroup of $\GL_{2}({\mathbb C}) \subset \Aut({\mathbb A}^{2})$, i.e. there is a $\psi \in \Aut({\mathbb A}^{2})$ suc... |
1,314,259,993,104 | arxiv | \section{Introduction : the notion of interaction confinement}
Nanofluidic channels -- devices that allow for the well-controlled study of confined water and ion transport -- have experienced a tremendous scale reduction in recent years~\cite{Kavokine2021}. Only a few years ago has molecular scale fluid confinement b... |
1,314,259,993,105 | arxiv | \section*{References}\frenchspacing\small
\begin{list}{[\arabic{enumi}]}
{\usecounter{enumi}\parsep=2pt\topsep 0pt
\settowidth{\labelwidth}{[#1]}
\leftmargin=\labelwidth\advance\leftmargin\labelsep
\rightmargin=0pt\itemsep=1pt\sloppy}}{\end{list}}
\numberwithin{equation}{... |
1,314,259,993,106 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Neutrino physics is closely connected to nuclear physics, a connection which goes beyond the evident connection between neutrino detection and the nuclear structure of the target isotopes. For example in a core-collapse supernova understanding neutrino cooling of the newly formed proto-neutron s... |
1,314,259,993,107 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Uncovering the mechanism of electroweak symmetry-breaking (EWSB) will be a central goal of future experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and the planned International Linear Collider (ILC) \cite{Heinemeyer:2005gs}. Although no direct evidence for the Standard Model Higgs boson exists and... |
1,314,259,993,108 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The task of 3D reconstruction from monocular video is a longstanding task in computer vision. The state-of-the-art algorithm for dense monocular 3D reconstruction involves steps including Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) or Structure from Motion (SfM) to get a semi-dense or sparse ... |
1,314,259,993,109 | arxiv | \section{Field-directed polymerisation: growth mechanism}
Field-directed polymerisation (FDP) allows for the growth of polymeric fibres with a dendritic morphology. The synapse formation is carried out with the area between two electrodes immersed in a solution of acetonitrile containing 50 mM 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophen... |
1,314,259,993,110 | arxiv | \section{#1}\renewcommand{\theequation}
{\mbox{\arabic{section}.\arabic{equation}}}\setcounter{equation}{0}}
\newcommand{\app}[1]{\section{Appendix: #1}\renewcommand{\theequation}
{\mbox{\Alph{section}.\arabic{equation}}}\setcounter{equation}{0}}
\renewcommand{\author}[1]{\begin{center}\Large #1\end{center}}
\newcomman... |
1,314,259,993,111 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The phenomena of the atmosphere and ocean are extremely rich
in its organization and complexity, and a lot of them cannot be produced
by experiments. These phenomena involve a broad range of
temporal and spatial scales. As we know, both
the atmospheric and oceanic flows are flows
under the rotat... |
1,314,259,993,112 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The two-dimensional spin-1/2 quantum kagome antiferromagnet (QKA) has been early recognized as an ideal candidate for stabilizing a spin-liquid state.\cite{Balents, LMM} The possibility of generating fractionalized excitations such as spinons and the nature itself of its ground state (GS) have be... |
1,314,259,993,113 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Proton decay is
a generic feature of any unification scheme since the unification
of quarks and
leptons in a common multiplet introduces extra interactions
that violate baryon number.
Proton decay rates and modes are a prediction of GUT models that
play a crucial role in
their phenomenolo... |
1,314,259,993,114 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Geometric range searching asks to preprocess a set of objects and to build a data structure so that
all objects intersecting a given query range can be reported quickly.
There are classical variants of this problem such as computing the number of objects intersecting
a query range, checking whe... |
1,314,259,993,115 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{introduction}
A prerequisite for an analysis of stationary black holes is the
understanding of properties of Killing vector fields in asymptotically
flat\footnote{Recall that there exist various papers analyzing
properties of Killing vector fields in asymptotically flat
space--times \... |
1,314,259,993,116 | arxiv |
\section{Approach Overview}
\label{sec:approach}
In typical management and orchestration frameworks~\cite{etsi-mano},
service providers need to submit exact descriptors of their network
service structure, resource demands, and expected traffic from sources to a service management and orchestration system
(Fig.~\ref{f... |
1,314,259,993,117 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction} \label{intro}
{\it Ab initio} description of strongly correlated materials has been a challenge in condensed matter physics and materials science. A promising and widely-used scheme is to combine local density approximation (LDA) with Hubbard-type model Hamiltonian approach within density funct... |
1,314,259,993,118 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In statistics, data sets that reside in high dimensional spaces are quite common.
A widely used set of techniques to simplify and analyze such sets is \emph{principal component analysis} (PCA).
It was introduced by Pearson in 1901 and independently by Hotelling in 1933. A comprehensive introduct... |
1,314,259,993,119 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{section:1}
The predictive distributions provided by Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have been increasingly used for decision-support systems, for applications ranging from medical diagnoses assistance \citep{esteva2017dermatologist} to self-driving cars \citep{bojarski2016end}.
In DNNs, the pr... |
1,314,259,993,120 | arxiv | \section{I. Introduction}
Thermodynamics is regarded as a discipline with a formal
simplicity, but still covering a wide domain of applicability. One of the
central problems in thermodynamics is
the extent of heat-to-work conversion, with its focus on
maximal work or power output and the consequent efficiency of th... |
1,314,259,993,121 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The photospheric plasma is thought to be in a state of fully developed
magnetohydrodynamic turbulence at high magnetic Reynolds numbers.
The spectral slope of the turbulent velocity field is believed to be of the order of
$-5/3$, as theoretically proposed by \cite{Ko41} and \cite{Obukhov41},
and... |
1,314,259,993,122 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\subsection{The model} This paper is concerned with the Novikov equation \begin{align}\label{novikov_eq}
u_t-u_{txx}+4u^2u_x=3uu_xu_{xx}+u^2u_{xxx}, \qquad t\in\mathbb{R},\,x\in\mathbb{R},
\end{align}
where $u(t)$ is a real-valued function. This equation was derived by Novikov \cite{No} in a sym... |
1,314,259,993,123 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Edge-preserving smoothing (EPS) has attracted a strong interest in the fields of image processing and computer vision.
Predominantly, it appears in a manipulation task that requires decomposing an image into a piecewise smooth layer and a detail layer.
These layered signals can be recombined to m... |
1,314,259,993,124 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{section intro}
Let $G$ be a connected real reductive group; precisely, a finite cover
of a closed connected transpose-stable
subgroup of $GL(n,\bR)$ with complexified Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$.
Let $K$ be a maximal compact subgroup of $G$. Write
$\mathfrak{g}=\mathfrak{k}+\mathf... |
1,314,259,993,125 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\begin{figure}[ht]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=1.0\textwidth]{figures/introduction.jpg}
\caption{\small{
Comparison between non-local (NL) and \textbf{compact generalized non-local (CGNL)} networks on recognizing an action video of kicking the ball.
Given the \emph{reference p... |
1,314,259,993,126 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{s-intro}
For the face poset~\(P\) of a locally finite regular CW complex,
Curry proved
in \autocite[Theorem~7.7]{Curry18} that
a canonical equivalence
\begin{equation}
\label{e-26eeba67}
\mathbb{D}\colon\mathrm{h}{\operatorname{D}^{\textnormal{b}}(\operatorname{Fun}(P,\Cat{Vect}))}
\... |
1,314,259,993,127 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
Under the paradigm of the \gls{IoT}, the number of connecting devices is increasing dramatically. IoT devices are mostly battery limited and transmit short packets in a sporadic and uncoordinated manner~\cite{Chen2020_massiveAccess,Wu2020_massiveAccess}. This calls for new theo... |
1,314,259,993,128 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Since their introduction in the late 1990s, WLANs (Wireless Local Area Networks) have rapidly overtaken wired networks to become the primary means of connecting devices to the Internet.
According to Cisco \cite{cisco2019wp}, they will account for 57\% of the Internet traffic in 2022, compared t... |
1,314,259,993,129 | arxiv | \subsection*{Acknowledgement}
D.B. is grateful for the hospitality
{granted}
to him during a visit at San Diego
State University and acknowledges support from ``CompStar'',
a research networking programme of the European Science foundation,
from a grant of the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education
suppor... |
1,314,259,993,130 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and statement of main results}
The purpose of this paper is to establish new connections between two recent developments in ``wild'' algebraic topology
and to provide a new topological perspective on cotorsion-free abelian groups. Specifically, we give a characterization of cotorsion-free abel... |
1,314,259,993,131 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory \cite{Aartsen:2016nxy} is the world’s largest neutrino telescope, and is located at the South Pole. IceCube consists of more than 5000 large area photomultipliers (PMT) inside Digital Optical Modules (DOM) attached to 86 cable-strings instrumenting roughly 1\,\si{... |
1,314,259,993,132 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Dormant black holes (BHs) with masses in excess of $\mathrel{\rlap{\lower 3pt\hbox{$\sim$}} \raise 2.0pt\hbox{$>$}} 10^6\rm M_{\odot}$
are found to be ubiquitous in bright spheroids, today \cite{kormendy95,richstone98}.
This local population comprises the dead remnants of a bright past, when
th... |
1,314,259,993,133 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
One of the recent remarkable discoveries is the connection between quantum $K$-theory and 3d TQFT. For a long time, quantum $K$-theory has been viewed as a variant to quantum cohomology, which comes from a 2d TQFT. The new connection puts quantum $K$-theory in a different path
to the new territ... |
1,314,259,993,134 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Correlation functions are fundamental objects for statistical analysis,
and are thus ubiquitous in most kinds of scientific inquires and their
applications \cite{Jaynes,Devore}. In physics, correlation functions
have an important role for research in areas such as quantum optics
and open systems... |
1,314,259,993,135 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The time-dependent Joule heating problem is a coupled non-linear elliptic-parabolic system of the form
\begin{equation}\label{JH}
\dot u - \Delta u = \sigma(u)|\nabla \varphi|^2,\quad
\nabla \cdot \sigma(u) \nabla \varphi = 0,
\end{equation}
where $u$ denotes the temperature and $\varphi$ the ele... |
1,314,259,993,136 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\noindent There has been an immense amount of interest in information theory recently. This is primarily due to the fact that quantum correlations, which is an important ingredient in the theory of information, play a crucial role in various branch of physics, namely, condensed matter physics, st... |
1,314,259,993,137 | arxiv |
\section{INTRODUCTION}
Explaining model predictions is highly desirable for reliable applications of machine learning. This is especially important in risk-sensitive settings like medicine and credit scoring \citep{medicineshap, medicinexai, medicine-interp, credit-scoring} where an incorrect model prediction could p... |
1,314,259,993,138 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
In 3-dimensional space, indistinguishable particles obey Fermi-Dirac statistics (Fermions), or Bose-Einstein statistics (Bosons). For both Fermions and Bosons, upon the exchange of two indistinguishable particles, the system wave function gains a $\pi$ or $2\pi$ phase change. However, when re... |
1,314,259,993,139 | arxiv | \section{\label{2}Introduction}
In small molecules, excited electronic states may have altered atomic coordinations, which leads to Frank-Condon multi-phonon sidebands in electronic spectra\cite{Herzberg50}. In solids, electronic excited states are often delocalised, eliminating such effects\cite{Rashba82}. However, if... |
1,314,259,993,140 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
The timely assessment of earthquake-induced building damage after an earthquake event is of utmost importance for the effective planning of rescue and remediation actions. Automatic damage assessment based on the analysis of 3D point clouds (e.g., from photogrammetry or l... |
1,314,259,993,141 | arxiv | \section{Galaxy Groups as Probes of Cosmic Feedback}
In recent years, deep galaxy surveys such as GOODS \citep{giav04} have
been providing a wealth of high-quality data on the properties of
galaxies across a wide range of redshifts and masses. In combination
with large-area surveys of the low-redshift Universe (e.g.\ ... |
1,314,259,993,142 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the seminal paper of Black and Scholes (1973), the problem of valuing a
European option was solved in closed form. Among other things, their
result assumes that the stochastic process associated to
the underlying asset is a geometric Brownian motion, not allowing for
the payment of discrete d... |
1,314,259,993,143 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec1}
We consider a stylized model for a network of~$N$ users sharing a wireless medium according to a random-access scheme. The network is represented by an undirected graph~$G = (V, E)$, called \textit{conflict graph}. The set of vertices~$V = \{1, \dots, N\}$ describes the network users... |
1,314,259,993,144 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
The \texttt{Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer} (\texttt{NICER}) is a NASA mission for X-ray astronomy that has been operating on the \textit{International Space Station} (\textit{ISS}) since it was launched and deployed in 2017 June \citep{gend16}. The \texttt{NICER} X... |
1,314,259,993,145 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sect:01:introduction}
\noindent
Shape theory is a machinery that allows to focus on the global properties of a space by abstracting from its local behavior.
This is done by approximating the space by a system of nicer spaces, and then studying this approximating system inst... |
1,314,259,993,146 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Starting with the early theoretical work by Hubbard\cite{hubbard_hIII64} and Brinkman and Rice,\cite{PhysRevB.2.4302} and experimental work on transition metal oxides,\cite{PhysRevB.7.326,56312321654} the Mott-Hubbard metal-insulator transition (MIT) has been a subject of great interest in conden... |
1,314,259,993,147 | arxiv | \section{Research Methods}
\end{document}
\endinput
\section{Improvements to the Platform}
\label{Improvements}
The results of the previously published validation of HuggieBot 2.0 \cite{TheSixHugCommandments} and the user comments from the action-response elicitation study (Section ~\ref{subsec:user-comments-study1}... |
1,314,259,993,148 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Possibilistic networks \cite{fonck} are graphical representations of independence relationships between a set of variables described by uncertain and imprecise information. Despite the multitude of research endeavors devoted to applying possibilistic networks in real domains or to propagating inf... |
1,314,259,993,149 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Exit problems for random perturbations of dynamical systems form an important classical field
in the theory of stochastic processes. These problems provide a multitude of interesting
questions at the intersection of dynamical systems and stochastic analysis, and are tightly related to asymptotic... |
1,314,259,993,150 | arxiv | \section{\label{sec:Introduction}Introduction}
In the foundations of quantum physics the notion of contextuality
can be formulated in purely probabilistic terms within the framework
of the Kolmogorovian probability theory \citep*{Larsson2002,Khrennikov2008_Bell-Boole,Khrennikov2008_EPR-Bohm,DK2013PLoS,DK2014LNCSQualif... |
1,314,259,993,151 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction}
The current concordance cosmology predicts that smaller-scale structures form first and large-scale structures form through hierarchical merging \citep[e.g.,][]{1985ApJ...292..371D}. In this scenario, the continuous merging of dark matter halos (and galaxies within them)... |
1,314,259,993,152 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The new generation of $B$ factories soon to come on line will open up an
additional window on potential physics beyond the Standard Model(SM). Unlike
the situation at new higher energy colliders, the physics beyond the SM
will appear indirectly, {\it e.g.}, as deviations from SM expectation... |
1,314,259,993,153 | arxiv | \chapter{On the Wave Function Spread and Localization}
\quad
In nuclear physics, we often use the three-dimensional harmonic-oscillator
(3D HO) potential as a zeroth order approximation to the nuclear mean-field
potential. This is usually done in the center-of-mass coordinate system,
assuming that all the nucleons exp... |
1,314,259,993,154 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The Standard Model (SM) is a very successful theory of elementary particle physics.
It is, however, known to have several essential problems.
Primarily it fails to provide an explanation of observed phenomena like the
neutrino masses, the matter-antimatter asymmetry, and the dark matter origi... |
1,314,259,993,155 | arxiv | \section{Dataset Analysis}
In this section, we analyse the captions collected in the High-Level dataset. To provide insights on the kind of captions collected, we analyse the distribution of the captions across different axes, also comparing them with the object-centric COCO captions. \footnote{The analysis is performe... |
1,314,259,993,156 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are increasingly being deployed in wireless communication networks, largely due to their low cost and unrestricted mobility~\cite{tutorialsofUAV}.
Notable usage examples include the Google Loon project~\cite{googleloon} and the Facebook Aquila project~\cite{faceboo... |
1,314,259,993,157 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The past decade has witnessed the expeditious evolution of communication and computing technologies, and their innovative applications in many emerging fields such as the Internet of Vehicles and E-health, where massive amount of data is generated, exchanged and utilized. This development bring... |
1,314,259,993,158 | arxiv | \section{The affine root system}\label{chap:affine-root-system}
\subsection{Group-theoretic setup}\label{sec:notation}
We fix a non-archimedian local field $F$ whose completion of the maximal unramified extension will be denoted $L = \breve F$. We write $\mathcal O_F$ and $\mathcal O_L$ for the respective rings of inte... |
1,314,259,993,159 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
Triangular fully packed loop configurations (TFPLs) first appeared in the study of ordinary fully packed loop configurations (FPLs). There they were used to show that the number of FPLs
corresponding to a given link pattern with $m$ nested arches is a polynomial in $m$, see~\cite{CKLN}. It soon... |
1,314,259,993,160 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The almost perfect isotropy of the cosmic microwave background (CMB)
is among the pillars of the cosmological standard model
according to which
our universe can be described, at large scales, as a
Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) universe with small perturbations.
This isotropy comes ... |
1,314,259,993,161 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
Over the past few decades, quantum mechanical calculations based on Kohn-Sham Density Functional Theory (KS-DFT) have provided important insights into a variety of material systems \citep{Martin_ES, LeBris_ReviewBook, Saad_Chelikowsky_Shontz_review}. One of the most widel... |
1,314,259,993,162 | arxiv | \section{Preliminaries}
\paragraph{Model.} We use the work-span model to calculate the complexity of our algorithm.
\vspace{-0.1cm}
\paragraph{Related work.} There are several works that presented parallel batched search trees. Paul, Vishkin and Wagener~\citep{paul1983parallel} studied 2-3 trees.
Park and Park~\citep... |
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