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A health record system that was developed for the area of Diabetes is presented as an example.
W1226715287
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Previous research: area investigated as the sentence object
800,428.9375
The study was conducted to evaluate the cooking and eating quality of mutant lines obtained from irradiating a local cultivar, Supa.
W1529765612
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Identifying a knowledge gap in the field of study
685,212.9375
Five early maturing mutant lines plus two controls, IR!
W1529765612
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Referring to a single investigation in the past: investigation prominent
869,884
53234271 and Supa were evaluated for their physical grain characteristics including length and shape of grain kernel, translucence and chalkiness of the endosperm.
W1529765612
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Advising cautious interpretation of the findings
700,092
Cooking qualities of the tested genotypes were evaluated in terms of percent amylose content and gelatinization temperature.
W1529765612
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Establishing the importance of the topic for the world or society
700,752
To determine the eating quality, a taste panel comprising of extension officers and the staff of the Kilimaryaro Agricultural Training Centre, Moshi, Tanzania was used.
W1529765612
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Explaining the significance of the findings or contribution of the study
650,796
The panel was required to taste the cooked rice of the seven genotypes and to record the aroma, stickiness, softness, taste and general acceptability of the cooked rice.
W1529765612
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Referring to a single investigation in the past: investigation prominent
667,510
Regression analysis was also performed on selected parameters in order to isolate those that have more irifluence on the inherent variety quality.
W1529765612
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Giving reasons for personal interest in the research (sometimes found in the humanities, and the applied human sciences)
660,987
The results showed that all the rice genotypes tested had grain appearance that was accepted by the taste panel.
W1529765612
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Giving reasons for personal interest in the research (sometimes found in the humanities, and the applied human sciences)
660,331
The taste panelists, however, generally rated supa parent variety as very good and SSD 7 as normal.
W1529765612
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Offering an explanation for the findings
704,088.9375
The results revealed that significant differences were observed for all the characters tasted except the taste of the cooked rice.
W1529765612
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Describing the characteristics of the participants
497,586
Regression analysis showed that of the six parameters of quality, aroma significantly contributed to the isolation of the rice quality, while soJtness of cooked rice and aroma determined the general acceptance by the panelists.
W1529765612
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Establishing the importance of the topic for the discipline
599,574
These parameters could be useJul as selection criteria in evaluationJor rice grain quality.
W1529765612
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[ { "m": "Indicating an expected outcome", "s": 665646 }, { "m": "Describing the process: expressing purpose with for", "s": 677438 }, { "m": "Describing the process: sequence words", "s": 767368.9375 }, { "m": "Giving reasons why a particular method was rejected", "s": 770...
Indicating criteria for selection or inclusion in the study
616,515
Keywords Rice, Grain quality, Mutants, Sup a Variety Tanzania J.Agric.
W1529765612
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Identifying a knowledge gap in the field of study
778,142
Sc.
W1529765612
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Establishing the importance of the topic for the world or society
763,407.0625
2007 Vol.
W1529765612
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Providing background information: reference to the purpose of the study
827,455.0625
8 No.2, 193 202
W1529765612
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Describing the process: typical verbs in the passive form
720,238
The International Ultraviolet Explorer IUE archives contain a wealth of information on high quality ultraviolet spectra of approximately 180 planetary nebulae, their central stars, and related objects.
W1504046505
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Referring to a single investigation in the past: investigation prominent
635,645
Selected are representative lowdispersion IUE spectra in the range 1200 to 3200 A for 177 objects arranged by Right Ascension RA for this atlas.
W1504046505
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Giving reasons for personal interest in the research (sometimes found in the humanities, and the applied human sciences)
631,932
For most entries, the combined short wavelength SWP 1200to 1900 and long wavelength LWR or LWP, 1900 to 3200 A regions are shown on 30 cm by 10 cm Calcomp plots on a uniform scale to facilitate intercomparison of the spectra.
W1504046505
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Describing the process: typical verbs in the passive form
871,026
Each calibrated spectrum is also shown on an expanded vertical scale to bring out some of the weaker features.
W1504046505
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Commenting on the strengths of the current study
732,354
The normal temporomandibular joint TMJ was evaluated using magnetic resonance MR imaging with a surface coil in five subjects and compared with the abnormal joint in 37 patients aged 1459 years total joints studied, 76.
W1979940750
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Describing the process: using + instrument
730,292.9375
Multisection 3mmthick sagittal, coronal, and axial images were obtained with a 1.5T MR system and 6.5cmdiameter surface coil using both partial saturation and spinecho sequences TR 1,000 msec, TE 20 or 25 msec.
W1979940750
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[ { "m": "Synthesising sources: supporting evidence or ideas", "s": 764184 }, { "m": "Describing the research design and the methods used", "s": 774672.9375 }, { "m": "Establishing the importance of the topic for the world or society", "s": 782070 }, { "m": "Giving reasons for ...
Surveys and interviews: Reporting response rates
719,231.0625
A comparison with arthrography n 13 joints, computed tomography CT n 11, and surgical n 5 findings demonstrated that MR imaging with a surface coil provided an accurate depiction of both normal and abnormal TMJs.
W1979940750
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Offering an explanation for the findings
720,235.0625
MR provided information about meniscal position, morphology, and histology that was not available with either arthrography or CT alone.
W1979940750
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Referring to another writer’s idea(s) or position
713,994
The imaging potential of MR and its noninvasive characteristics warrant priority for further examination of MR as a useful modality in the diagnosis of TMJ pain and dysfunction.
W1979940750
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[ { "m": "Explaining keywords (also refer to Defining Terms)", "s": 651464 }, { "m": "Stating purpose of the current research with reference to gaps or issues in the literature", "s": 651555 }, { "m": "Synthesising sources: contrasting evidence or ideas", "s": 660436 }, { "m": ...
Giving reasons for personal interest in the research (sometimes found in the humanities, and the applied human sciences)
639,202
Learningbased image steganalysis is an effective and universal approach to cope with the following two difficulties unknown statistics and steganographic algorithms.
W1984267490
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[ { "m": "Offering an explanation for the findings", "s": 758344 }, { "m": "Transition: moving to the next result", "s": 791086 }, { "m": "Surveys and interviews: Reporting proportions", "s": 805268.9375 }, { "m": "Explaining the significance of the findings or contribution of ...
Explaining keywords (also refer to Defining Terms)
727,599.0625
A crucial part of the learningbased process is the selection of lowdimensional features, which strongly impacts the accuracy of classification.
W1984267490
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Describing the characteristics of the participants
617,932
A novel principal feature selection and fusion PFSF method is presented to reduce features, and then it is applied to image steganalysis.
W1984267490
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[ { "m": "Establising the importance of the topic as a problem to be addressed", "s": 766135.0625 }, { "m": "Surveys and interviews: Reporting response rates", "s": 788120.9375 }, { "m": "Transition: moving to the next result", "s": 842424.9375 }, { "m": "Describing the researc...
Giving reasons for personal interest in the research (sometimes found in the humanities, and the applied human sciences)
745,498
First, we analyze the multicollinearity among features to eliminate redundant features.
W1984267490
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Surveys and interviews: Reporting response rates
758,830
Next, we implement the linear transform based on principal components analysis PCA and use Savage decisionmaking to eliminate insignificant features.
W1984267490
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[ { "m": "Offering an explanation for the findings", "s": 779078 }, { "m": "Transition: moving to the next result", "s": 788886 }, { "m": "Surveys and interviews: Reporting participants’ views", "s": 816136.9375 }, { "m": "General comments on the relevant literature", "s": ...
Explaining the significance of the current study
762,066
Last, in order to further reduce features, we fuse the selected features, followed by selecting the principal features from the fused features to form a new feature set.
W1984267490
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[ { "m": "Outlining the structure of a short paper", "s": 705650 }, { "m": "Transition: moving to the next result", "s": 736006 }, { "m": "Describing the limitations of the current study", "s": 742152 }, { "m": "Referring to a single investigation in the past: investigation pro...
Explaining the significance of the findings or contribution of the study
659,292
The advantage of the proposed method is that it needs the cover images only, without requiring the availability of the stegoimages in the process of the features selection.
W1984267490
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Establishing the importance of the topic for the discipline
445,740
Moreover, the proposed method greatly reduces the computational time.
W1984267490
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Summarising the studies reviewed
645,093
Our method has been tested on two feature sets from Moulins and Fridrichs features.
W1984267490
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Indicating the use of an established method
723,556
The experimental results show that our method not only reduces the feature number by 90, but also provides more reliable detection results than the previous steganalysis methods do.
W1984267490
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Highlighting inadequacies or weaknesses of previous studies (also refer to Being Critical)
722,047.0625
Abstract It is wellknown that in oil and gas fields development process, foam is widely used as mobility control agent or blocking agent to displace oil and gas, block gas channels and fractures or high permeability layers etc. However, higher oil recovery efficiency is undoubtedly a toppriority factor for managers to ...
W1972899484
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[ { "m": "Stating what is currently known about the topic", "s": 793263.0625 }, { "m": "Transition: moving to the next result", "s": 818436 }, { "m": "Identifying a controversy within the field of study", "s": 860624.9375 }, { "m": "Identifying a knowledge gap in the field of s...
Previous research: area investigated as the sentence subject
791,139.0625
According to laboratory percolation and oil displacement experiments, this paper presented a new method of using foam as a displacing agent to recover oil in heterogeneous reservoir.
W1972899484
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Stating what is currently known about the topic
750,343.0625
Unlike other foam flooding methods, this work based on the mechanism of both lowering interfacial tensions to a superlow value 103mNm grade and improving sweep efficiency of displacing fluid.
W1972899484
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Noting the lack of or paucity of previous research
721,596
The foam preformed by coinjecting natural gas and a kind of threecomponent combined solution has a greater blocking effect in high permeability layer of heterogeneous physical model.
W1972899484
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Identifying a controversy within the field of study
774,600.9375
The percolation result showed that the diversion of fluid from high permeability layer into medium and low permeability layers apparently depends on the flowing resistance in high permeability layer the diversion ability of foam is far greater than that of polymer.
W1972899484
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Previous research: area investigated as the sentence subject
644,596
The oil displacement experiments showed that, for this foam composition, the final oil recovery factor can be improved nearly 30 initial reserves over waterflood recovery factor for model whose permeability variation coefficient is 0.72, nearly one and half times than that of alkalinesurfactantpolymer system.
W1972899484
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Transition: moving to the next result
675,560.9375
This paper modeled the field injecting project of foam flooding in Daqing oil field and got a good match result.
W1972899484
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Identifying a knowledge gap in the field of study
667,476
Besides, this paper put forward some measures of improving foam flooding effect.
W1972899484
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Establishing the importance of the topic for the discipline: time frame given
776,727.0625
Introduction Generally speaking, the waterflood efficiency of heterogeneous reservoir is relatively lower.
W1972899484
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Stating what is currently known about the topic
821,987.0625
In order to promote the production of hydrocarbons, one often injects displacement fluids into subterranean hydrocarbonbearing formations to improve the final oil recovery factor of oilfield.
W1972899484
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Identifying a controversy within the field of study
724,708
Various gases and more complex fluids, such as alkaline solutions, polymer solutions, surfactant solutions, alkalinesurfactantpolymer ASP solutions and foams, are widely used as displacement fluids in both miscible and immiscible oil displacement floods.
W1972899484
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Referring to another writer’s idea(s) or position
734,983.0625
Since Fried first put forward foam flooding method in 1961, foams are receiving increasing attention in the oil industry.
W1972899484
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Describing the research design and the methods used
776,226
The merits of foams lie in that foams have some advantageous characteristics, notably as excellent blocking effect and distinguished mobility control effect in enhanced recovery operations.
W1972899484
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Contrasting sources with ‘however’ for emphasis
818,807.0625
Although foams were first utilized to block fractures, to prevent gas channeling and gas override during gas flood or steam flood, they have now been applied in many new technique fields with the development of investigations on foam system, oil displacement mechanism and flowing behavior etc. For example, strong and s...
W1972899484
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Describing the process: expressing purpose with for
554,238
In addition, some viscofying foams were used as mobility control agents to efficiently sweep oil from a subterranean oilbearing formation and particularly from oilbearing fractures containing gravitysegregated oil or from oilbearing fractures in fluid communication with an aquifer.
W1972899484
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Reporting positive and negative reactions
849,328
In general, the CIT and related plugging treatment are static applications of the foam, in that the foam remains substantially stationary in the formaion once it is placed therein.
W1972899484
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Describing the limitations of the current study
701,402
The mobility control process is a dynamic application of the foam, in that the foam moves across the formation in correspondence with a flood front.
W1972899484
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[ { "m": "Establishing the importance of the topic for the world or society: time frame given", "s": 694982 }, { "m": "Describing the process: expressing purpose with for", "s": 708460 }, { "m": "Noting implications of the findings", "s": 723614 }, { "m": "Giving reasons for pe...
Describing the process: typical verbs in the passive form
648,336
According to the concept of foam, a foam is commonly defined as a composition comprising a gas phase dispersed throughout a surrounding medium, such as a liquid.
W1972899484
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Describing the research design and the methods used
658,346
In this definition, the term surrounding medium can be either one single composition or a multicomposition.
W1972899484
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Explaining keywords (also refer to Defining Terms)
700,062
As such, foams have been used in a number of roles according to their different fluid components.
W1972899484
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Referring to important texts in the area of interest
681,848
This study describes the experiences of four elementary teachers as they participated in LEADERS, a professional development initiative in primary reading instruction.
W1604793791
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Giving reasons for personal interest in the research (sometimes found in the humanities, and the applied human sciences)
627,980
The study examined closely how a yearlong highquality literacy project influenced teachers and classrooms in an urban school.
W1604793791
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Surveys and interviews: Reporting participants’ views
709,670
The results revealed that participation had an impact on each teacher in at least one of four categories knowledge of the reading process, change in instructional practice, reflection on practice, and theory to practice connections.
W1604793791
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[ { "m": "Explaining the provenance of articles for review", "s": 699427.0625 }, { "m": "Acknowledging limitation(s) whilst stating a finding or contribution", "s": 732084 }, { "m": "Offering an explanation for the findings", "s": 746366 }, { "m": "Establishing the importance o...
Describing the process: expressing purpose with for
692,528.9375
Teachers as Learners Professional Development in Early Reading Instruction Allison Swan West Virginia University This study describes the experiences of four elementary teachers as they participated in LEADERS, a professional development initiative in primary reading instruction.
W1604793791
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Identifying a knowledge gap in the field of study
660,787
The study examined closely how a yearlong highquality literacy project influenced teachers and classrooms in an urban school.
W1604793791
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Surveys and interviews: Reporting participants’ views
709,670
The results revealed that participation had an impact on each teacher in at least one of four categories knowledge of the reading process, change in instructional practice, reflection on practice, and theory to practice connections.
W1604793791
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Describing the process: expressing purpose with for
692,528.9375
142 Reading Horizons, 2003, 4, 3 CURRENTLY, THE EDUCATIONAL community, special interest groups, and political arena are vigorously examining the nature of effective reading instruction delivered by qualified, wellprepared teachers.
W1604793791
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Referring to important texts in the area of interest
659,363
In a study of elementary reading practices, Baumann, Ro, DuffyHester, and Hoffman 2000 asked prominent members of the Reading Hall of Fame what they believed to be the most persistent problem facing todays elementary reading teachers.
W1604793791
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Referring to another writer’s idea(s) or position
706,904.9375
Not surprisingly, many responses focused on the limited amount of professional knowledge and teacher training at both the preservice and inservice levels of a teachers career.
W1604793791
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Summarising the results section
580,288
The studys respondents acknowledged that many teachers are inadequately prepared to teach, lack knowledge of children and of the reading process, and have limited expertise in reading instruction.
W1604793791
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Giving reasons for personal interest in the research (sometimes found in the humanities, and the applied human sciences)
647,764
Consequently, when asked to identify the most urgent need for reading education in the 215t century, the reading educators rated both preservice and inservice professional development
W1604793791
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Identifying a knowledge gap in the field of study
613,477
The call for algorithmic transparency as a way to manage the power of new datadriven decisionmaking techniques misunderstands the nature of the processes at issue and underlying technology.
W2611463238
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Describing the process: infinitive of purpose
627,142
Part of the problem is that the term, algorithm, is broad.
W2611463238
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Describing the limitations of the current study
538,175
It encompasses disparate concepts even in mathematics and computer science.
W2611463238
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Highlighting interesting or surprising results
778,856.9375
Matters worsen in law and policy.
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Identifying a knowledge gap in the field of study
811,916.9375
Law is driven by a linear, almost Newtonian, view of cause and effect where inputs and defined process lead to clear outputs.
W2611463238
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Describing the process: expressing purpose with for
675,072.9375
In that world, a call for transparency has the potential to work.
W2611463238
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Identifying a knowledge gap in the field of study
580,861
The reality is quite different.
W2611463238
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Surveys and interviews: Reporting response rates
776,038
Real computer systems use vast data sets not amenable to disclosure.
W2611463238
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Referring to another writer’s idea(s) or position
759,222
The rules used to make decisions are often inferred from these data and cannot be readily explained or understood.
W2611463238
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Explaining the provenance of articles for review
767,483.0625
And at a deep and mathematically provable level, certain things, including the exact behavior of an algorithm, can sometimes not be tested or analyzed.
W2611463238
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Explaining the provenance of articles for review
673,519.0625
From a technical perspective, current attempts to expose algorithms to the sun will fail to deliver critics desired results and may create the illusion of clarity in cases where clarity is not possible.
W2611463238
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Explaining the provenance of articles for review
648,510
At a highlevel, the recent calls for algorithmic transparency follow a pattern that this paper seeks to correct.
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Referring to a single investigation in the past: investigation prominent
584,681
Policy makers and technologists often talk past each other about the realities of technology and the demands of policy.
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Establishing the importance of the topic for the discipline
664,050
Policy makers may identify good concerns but offer solutions that misunderstand technology.
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Stating the purpose of the thesis, dissertation, or research article (note use of present tense)
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This misunderstanding can lead to calls for regulation that make little to no sense to technologists.
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Describing the limitations of the current study
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Technologists often see systems as neutral tools, with uses to be governed only when systems interact with the real world.
W2611463238
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Identifying a controversy within the field of study
631,752
Both sides think the other simply does not get it, and important problems receive little attention from either group.
W2611463238
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[ { "m": "Describing the process: using + instrument", "s": 545740 }, { "m": "Stating what is currently known about the topic", "s": 591347 }, { "m": "Summarising the results section", "s": 636801 }, { "m": "Describing the limitations of the current study", "s": 655874 } ...
Describing the research design and the methods used
524,176
By setting out the core concerns over the use of algorithms, offering a primer on the nature of algorithms, and a guide on the way in which computer scientists deal with the inherent limits of their field, this paper shows that there are coherent ways to manage algorithms and the law.
W2611463238
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Describing the research design and the methods used
551,514
Our knowledge of the sensory world is encoded by neurons in sequences of discrete, identical pulses termed action potentials or spikes.
W1586921771
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Identifying a knowledge gap in the field of study
760,424
There is persistent controversy about the extent to which the precise timing of these spikes is relevant to the function of the brain.
W1586921771
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Describing the limitations of the current study
551,168
We revisit this issue, using the motionsensitive neurons of the fly visual system as a test case.
W1586921771
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Summarising the literature review
570,724
New experimental methods allow us to deliver more nearly natural visual stimuli, comparable to those which flies encounter in free, acrobatic flight, and new mathematical methods allow us to draw more reliable conclusions about the information content of neural responses even when the set of possible responses is very ...
W1586921771
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Synthesising sources: supporting evidence or ideas
682,024
We find that significant amounts of visual information are represented by details of the spike train at millisecond and submillisecond precision, even though the sensory input has a correlation time of 60ms different patterns of spike timing represent distinct motion trajectories, and the absolute timing of spikes poin...
W1586921771
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[ { "m": "Contrasting sources with ‘however’ for emphasis", "s": 706582 }, { "m": "Explaining the provenance of articles for review", "s": 716243.0625 }, { "m": "Explaining keywords (also refer to Defining Terms)", "s": 721387.0625 }, { "m": "Explaining the significance of the ...
Explaining the provenance of the participants
684,280.9375
Under these naturalistic conditions, the system continues to transmit more information at higher photon flux, even though individual photoreceptors are counting more than one million photons per second, and removes redundancy in the stimulus to generate a more efficient neural code.
W1586921771
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[ { "m": "Highlighting interesting or surprising results", "s": 763774 }, { "m": "Indicating criteria for selection or inclusion in the study", "s": 767170 }, { "m": "Establishing the importance of the topic for the world or society", "s": 797343.0625 }, { "m": "Surveys and int...
Outlining the structure of a short paper
714,106
Graham Mooney, Jonathan Reinarz eds, Permeable walls historical perspectives on hospital visiting, Wellcome Series in the History of Medicine, Clio Medica 86, Amsterdam and New York, Rodopi, 2009, pp. vi, 352, 70.00 hardback 9789042025998.
W212258762
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Referring to a single investigation in the past: investigation prominent
842,003.0625
Volume 54 Issue 4
W212258762
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Identifying a knowledge gap in the field of study
795,767.0625
Singlephase grid tied inverter is one among types of inverters widely used in photovoltaic PV generation system due to the advantages they offer.
W1565238659
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Referring to another writer’s idea(s) or position
817,940
This chapter describes model and simulation of such inverter in operation as distributed generation in electrical power system.
W1565238659
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Suggestions for future work
745,572.9375
Power characteristics including power quality, grid interaction behavior and load sharing that are important aspects in their operation as grid connected inverter will be simulated and analyzed.
W1565238659
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Surveys and interviews: Introducing excerpts from interview data
767,703.0625
The role of current or voltage control and associated mechanism in photovoltaic inverter such as photovoltaic IV characteristic, maximum power point tracker MPPT, and other mechanism that involves in power flow and load sharing control are described.
W1565238659
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[ { "m": "Explaining the significance of the current study", "s": 800808.9375 }, { "m": "Explaining keywords (also refer to Defining Terms)", "s": 828132 }, { "m": "Advising cautious interpretation of the findings", "s": 852938 }, { "m": "Synthesising sources: supporting eviden...
Referring to another writer’s idea(s) or position
705,272
Further, some observation and measurement from a 5kWp laboratory scale grid interconnected photovoltaic plant that employ single phase photovoltaic inverter will be presented.
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Referring to another writer’s idea(s) or position
690,663.0625
The load sharing behavior between photovoltaic plant and utility grid during supplying both linear and non linear load that connected on their point of common coupling.
W1565238659
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Reporting positive and negative reactions
786,383.0625
In addition, observation and measurement results of power quality parameter behavior during photovoltaic inverter operation along extremely density variation of photovoltaic produced energy that comes from the atmospheric condition will be presented.
W1565238659
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Describing what other writers do in their published work
709,971.0625