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Field experiment was conducted under irrigation during the 200304 dry season at Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching and Research Farm, Yelwa campus, Bauchi in the Northern Guinea Savanna ecological zone of Nigeria, to study the effect of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers with two storage methods on onions prod...
W1489446475
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Identifying a knowledge gap in the field of study
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The treatments consisted of four levels of both nitrogen 0, 55, 110 and 165 kg N ha 1 and phosphorus 0, 45, 90 and 135 kg P ha 1 fertilizers which were factorially combined in a randomized complete block design with three replications.
W1489446475
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Giving reasons for personal interest in the research (sometimes found in the humanities, and the applied human sciences)
801,950
At harvest bulbs were collected and allowed to cure for two weeks, bulked, and from each bulk, 60 healthy bulbs were selected at random and fixed onfloor and offfloor storage methods in a randomized complete block design with three replications.
W1489446475
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The storage experiment was carried out in the herbarium of the Bauchi State College of Agriculture, Bauchi for 12 weeks, between April to June, 2004.
W1489446475
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Noting the lack of or paucity of previous research
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During this period, the temperature and relative humidity of the store were monitored.
W1489446475
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Describing the characteristics of the participants
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Onions bulb weight at storage and percent of rotted bulbs were significantly P0.05 influenced by experimental treatments, so also the percent of sprouted bulbs P 0.05.
W1489446475
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Contrasting sources with ‘however’ for emphasis
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Storage losses due to rots and sprouts were as a result of higher levels of nitrogen and phosphorus with storage of onions onfloor.
W1489446475
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Explaining the provenance of articles for review
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This historical account of SA psychology spans over hundred years of its engagement with international psychology and the influence of racism on its development.
W1811970851
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Identifying a controversy within the field of study
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It traces Jan C. Smutss correspondence with Adler, Koffka and Perls and Allports extensive contact with SA psychologists.
W1811970851
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Pointing out interesting or important findings
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The positive impact of the academic boycott in turning psychology towards the concerns of the oppressed is delineated, as well as the response of professional organizations to apartheid.
W1811970851
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Identifying a controversy within the field of study
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The extensive reciprocal visits of US and Dutch phenomenologists are described and the contributions of Wolpe, Rachman and Lazarus to behavior therapy are noted.
W1811970851
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Advising cautious interpretation of the findings
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The study was performed on 20 piglets of both sexes.
W1010709101
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Explaining the provenance of articles for review
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The control group consisted of 10 healthy piglets, the experimental, group included 10 piglets with symptoms of gastroenteritis.
W1010709101
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Summarising the results section
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All the animals were subjected to euthanasia at the age of 21 or 35 days weaning, or 7 days after weaning, and immunohistochemical and histopathological examinations were performed on all of them.
W1010709101
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Establishing the importance of the topic for the world or society
635,287
Immunohistochemical examinations of the experimental piglets included additional tests made on five piglets with gastroenteritis, characterized by poor general condition.
W1010709101
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Summarising the main research findings
707,031.0625
Histopathological examinations of the pancreas revealed retrogressive changes, which might result from hemodynamic disorders.
W1010709101
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Surveys and interviews: Reporting themes
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Changes in the localization of SOM and VIP found in the pancreas suggested inhibition of pancreatic enzyme synthesis in piglets with diarrhea.
W1010709101
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Advising cautious interpretation of the findings
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The colocalization of GAL and dopamine betahydroxylase D beta Ha key enzyme of the noradrenaline synthesis pathway in perivascular nerve fibers could lead to considerable vasospasms in the pancreas, resulting in deeper hypoxia of the organ.
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Noting the lack of or paucity of previous research
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Immunohistochemical and histopathological examinations confirmed the results of biochemical analyses, indicating failure of the pancreatic exocrine function in piglets with gastroenteritis.
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Advising cautious interpretation of the findings
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An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided.
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Stating the purpose of the thesis, dissertation, or research article (note use of present tense)
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W4236439368
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Referring to another writer’s idea(s) or position
654,671
Results of a field demonstration of an airtoground communication link using an airborne bare optical fiber are presented.
W1967461592
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[ { "m": "Restating a result or one of several results", "s": 728751.0625 }, { "m": "Highlighting inadequacies or weaknesses of previous studies (also refer to Being Critical)", "s": 749876.9375 }, { "m": "Stating the aims of the current research (note frequent use of past tense)", "s"...
Identifying a knowledge gap in the field of study
707,874
The demonstration was conducted by the Johns Hopkins University, Applied Physics Laboratory at the TCOM, L.P. Test Facility in Elizabeth City, NC in May 2006 using a 38 m, tethered aerostat raised to an altitude of 2100 ft. A bare, single mode optical fiber attached between the aerostat and its mooring station was eval...
W1967461592
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[ { "m": "Synthesising sources: supporting evidence or ideas", "s": 601412 }, { "m": "Advising cautious interpretation of the findings", "s": 636522 }, { "m": "Identifying a knowledge gap in the field of study", "s": 659883 }, { "m": "Describing the process: expressing purpose ...
Synthesising sources: contrasting evidence or ideas
567,800
Wavelength Division Multiplexed channels operating in the 1550 nm band with data rates of 1 and 10 Gbps were tested to achieve error free data transfers.
W1967461592
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Giving reasons for personal interest in the research (sometimes found in the humanities, and the applied human sciences)
700,883.0625
A separate, continuous wave channel was also multiplexed for performance monitoring.
W1967461592
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Contrasting sources with ‘however’ for emphasis
714,028
BER vs. link power measurements and eye diagrams will be analyzed for data transfer performance over the airborne bare optical fiber.
W1967461592
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[ { "m": "Establishing the importance of the topic for the discipline", "s": 717091.0625 }, { "m": "Explaining keywords (also refer to Defining Terms)", "s": 725571.0625 }, { "m": "Setting out the research questions or hypotheses", "s": 746623.0625 }, { "m": "Explaining the pro...
Synthesising sources: supporting evidence or ideas
694,023.0625
In 196 patients suffering from disease of the cephalic salivary glands and in 57 healthy controls the concentration of albumin in parotid and submandibular saliva was measured by the immunodiffusion technique.
W1977300935
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Transition: moving to the next result
691,204
To summarize the results, albumin seems to be a reliable marker of inflammations of the salivary glands even in the early stages and is therefore recommended for the primary diagnostic and the followup of acute and chronic inflammatory conditions of the major cephalic salivary glands.
W1977300935
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Stating purpose of the current research with reference to gaps or issues in the literature
636,241
In combination with the evaluation of the flow rate, other sialochemic parameters like phosphohexose isomerase and kallikrein activity, Bmode sonography and fine needle aspiration biopsy the frequency of xray examination of the radiosensitive salivary glands may be reduced.
W1977300935
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Stating the purpose of the thesis, dissertation, or research article (note use of present tense)
738,348
Inversin is a ciliary protein that critically regulates developmental processes and tissue homeostasis in vertebrates, partly through the degradation of Dishevelled Dvl proteins to coordinate Wnt signaling in planar cell polarity PCP.
W2030845608
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[ { "m": "Identifying a knowledge gap in the field of study", "s": 771415.0625 }, { "m": "Giving reasons why a particular method was rejected", "s": 780876.9375 }, { "m": "Giving reasons for personal interest in the research (sometimes found in the humanities, and the applied human science...
Identifying a controversy within the field of study
740,758
Here, we investigated the role of Inversin in coordinating cell migration, which highly depends on polarity processes at the singlecell level, including the spatial and temporal organization of the cytoskeleton as well as expression and cellular localization of proteins in leading edge formation of migrating cells.
W2030845608
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Describing the process: typical verbs in the passive form
692,684.9375
Using cultures of mouse embryonic fibroblasts MEFs derived from inv and inv animals, we confirmed that both inv and inv MEFs form primary cilia, and that Inversin localizes to the primary cilium in inv MEFs.
W2030845608
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Previous research: What has been established or proposed
644,528
In wound healing assays, inv MEFs were severely compromised in their migratory ability and exhibited cytoskeletal rearrangements, including distorted lamellipodia formation and cilia orientation.
W2030845608
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[ { "m": "Highlighting significant data in a table or chart", "s": 795487.0625 }, { "m": "Describing the process: expressing purpose with for", "s": 801364.9375 }, { "m": "Referring to data in a table or chart", "s": 802855.0625 }, { "m": "Referring to a single investigation in...
Suggesting general hypotheses
777,139.0625
Transcriptome analysis revealed dysregulation of Wnt signaling and of pathways regulating actin organization and focal adhesions in inv MEFs as compared to inv MEFs.
W2030845608
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Identifying a knowledge gap in the field of study
783,576.9375
Further, Dvl1 and Dvl3 localized to MEF primary cilia, and βcateninWnt signaling was elevated in inv MEFs, which moreover showed reduced ciliary localization of Dvl3.
W2030845608
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Referring to previous work to establish what is already known
737,568
Finally, inv MEFs displayed dramatically altered activity and localization of RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42 GTPases, and aberrant expression and targeting of the NaH exchanger NHE1 and ezrinradixinmoesin ERM proteins to the edge of cells facing the wound.
W2030845608
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[ { "m": "Identifying a controversy within the field of study", "s": 698774 }, { "m": "Explaining the provenance of articles for review", "s": 730206 }, { "m": "Explaining keywords (also refer to Defining Terms)", "s": 734150 }, { "m": "Giving reasons for personal interest in t...
Identifying a knowledge gap in the field of study
600,661
Phosphorylation of βcatenin at the ciliary base and formation of welldefined lamellipodia with localization and activation of ERM to the leading edge of migrating cells were restored in inv MEFs expressing InvGFP.
W2030845608
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[ { "m": "Referring to the literature to justify a method or approach ", "s": 729635.0625 }, { "m": "Transition: moving to the next result", "s": 741847.0625 }, { "m": "Previous research: What has been established or proposed", "s": 754560 }, { "m": "Identifying a controversy w...
Identifying a knowledge gap in the field of study
726,951.0625
Collectively, our findings point to the significance of Inversin in controlling cell migration processes, at least in part through transcriptional regulation of genes involved in Wnt signaling and pathways that control cytoskeletal organization and ion transport.
W2030845608
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Giving reasons for personal interest in the research (sometimes found in the humanities, and the applied human sciences)
747,327.0625
The aim of the present study is to determine patterns and personality disorder in subjects under cocaine dependence treatment using MCMIII, and their relationship with sociodemographic variables and consumption characteristics.
W2007123118
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[ { "m": "Describing what other writers do in their published work", "s": 730472.9375 }, { "m": "Surveys and interviews: Reporting proportions", "s": 758628.9375 }, { "m": "Reporting positive and negative reactions", "s": 765432 }, { "m": "Referring to data in a table or chart"...
Referring to the literature to justify a method or approach
712,570
We assess 102 subjects under cocaine dependence treatment in Drug Abuse Centers in Galicia Spain.
W2007123118
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Identifying a knowledge gap in the field of study
663,358
The results indicate that the most prevalent basic scales of personality are the passiveaggressive, antisocial, narcisism and histrionic.
W2007123118
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Identifying a controversy within the field of study
703,772.9375
Borderline and paranoid scales are the most prevalent with regard to the pathological personality scales.
W2007123118
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Establising the importance of the topic as a problem to be addressed
677,966
These results coincide with other international and national studies.
W2007123118
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Giving reasons for personal interest in the research (sometimes found in the humanities, and the applied human sciences)
659,588
We conclude pointing out the necessity to carry out studies with wider cocaine dependence samples in treatment, and the specific inclusion criteria should be established in the study.
W2007123118
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Providing background information: reference to the purpose of the study
585,318
We also indicate the importance of carrying out a previous assessment of all demanding treatment subjects to design the objectives of the mentioned treatment.
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[ { "m": "Establishing the importance of the topic for the discipline", "s": 684044 }, { "m": "Establishing the importance of the topic for the discipline: time frame given", "s": 694639.0625 }, { "m": "Describing the process: sequence words", "s": 702772.9375 }, { "m": "Previo...
Explaining the provenance of articles for review
682,112
KyklosVolume 10, Issue 2 p. 186193 MILITARY ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND THE CREDIT SYSTEM IN THE 16th AND 17th CENTURIES Fritz Redlich, Fritz Redlich Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass.
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Highlighting inadequacies or weaknesses of previous studies (also refer to Being Critical)
651,764
U. S. A.Search for more papers by this author Fritz Redlich, Fritz Redlich Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass.
W1967236547
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[ { "m": "Referring back to the purpose of the paper or study", "s": 756572 }, { "m": "Providing background information: reference to the purpose of the study", "s": 767052.9375 }, { "m": "Suggestions for future work", "s": 780400.9375 }, { "m": "Transition: moving to the next ...
Describing what other writers do in their published work
747,258
U. S. A.Search for more papers by this author First published May 1957 httpsdoi.org10.1111j.14676435.1957.tb02131.xCitations 1AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare fulltext accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and c...
W1967236547
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[ { "m": "Identifying a controversy within the field of study", "s": 766884.9375 }, { "m": "Referring to the literature to justify a method or approach ", "s": 778796 }, { "m": "Referring to another writer’s idea(s) or position", "s": 781223.0625 }, { "m": "Referring to importa...
Identifying a knowledge gap in the field of study
746,426
I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a fulltext version of this article with your friends and colleagues.
W1967236547
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Stating what is currently known about the topic
629,298
Learn more.
W1967236547
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[ { "m": "Reporting positive and negative reactions", "s": 775360 }, { "m": "Commenting on the strengths of the current study", "s": 799436.9375 }, { "m": "Highlighting inadequacies or weaknesses of previous studies (also refer to Being Critical)", "s": 802555.0625 }, { "m": "G...
Transition: moving to the next result
723,904
Copy URL Citing Literature Volume10, Issue2May 1957Pages 186193 RelatedInformation
W1967236547
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[ { "m": "Referring to secondary sources", "s": 758880.9375 }, { "m": "Referring to a single investigation in the past: investigation prominent", "s": 769268.9375 }, { "m": "Stating the focus, aim, or argument of a short paper", "s": 777208.9375 }, { "m": "General comments on t...
Referring back to the purpose of the paper or study
724,354
A phase conjugation algorithm for localizing an extended radiating electromagnetic source from boundary measurements of the electric field is presented.
W1494530262
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[ { "m": "Indicating an expected outcome", "s": 776080 }, { "m": "Synthesising sources: supporting evidence or ideas", "s": 832328 }, { "m": "Explaining keywords (also refer to Defining Terms)", "s": 837902 }, { "m": "Indicating an unexpected outcome", "s": 857583.0625 } ...
Stating the purpose of the thesis, dissertation, or research article (note use of present tense)
756,114
Measurements are taken over a finite number of frequencies.
W1494530262
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[ { "m": "Previous research: A historic perspective", "s": 755088.9375 }, { "m": "Referring to another writer’s idea(s) or position", "s": 778170 }, { "m": "Establishing the importance of the topic for the world or society", "s": 841742 }, { "m": "Explaining keywords (also refe...
Referring to previous work to establish what is already known
735,044
The artifacts related to the finite frequency data are tackled with l1regularization blended with the fast iterative shrinkagethresholding algorithm with backtracking of Beck amp Teboulle.
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[ { "m": "Providing background information: reference to the literature", "s": 708558 }, { "m": "Describing the process: typical verbs in the passive form", "s": 739154 }, { "m": "Describing the process: sequence words", "s": 742636.9375 }, { "m": "Advising cautious interpretat...
Referring to a single investigation in the past: investigation prominent
661,723
The geological conditions of Muzigou tailings dam site are complicated.
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Identifying a knowledge gap in the field of study
699,208.9375
To achieve good performance of directional blasting,the blasting chamber design is optimized,and the suitable blasting parameters and suitable blasting sequence of multistage short delay detonation are selected.
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Referring to another writer’s idea(s) or position
745,735.0625
Then,once blasting has achieved 490 000 m3 earth and stone blasted of which 63 is stockpiled on dam.
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Advising cautious interpretation of the findings
623,409
The flying stones,vibration strength and blasting damage range are effectively controlled.
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Establising the importance of the topic as a problem to be addressed
660,997
Abstract A twodimensional physical model investigation was conducted at scales of 113 and 119 model to prototype to provide input for the design optimization of a seawall proposed for longterm storm protection at Virginia Beach.
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Advising cautious interpretation of the findings
702,990
This was one of a number of tasks conducted in support of the detailed design of a beach erosion control and hurricane protection project at Virginia Beach.
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Advising cautious interpretation of the findings
701,174
The 2D tests were conducted to acquire data on the expected rate of overtopping for two design storm types hurricane and northeaster at selected stillwater levels, determine a stable stone size for a proposed fronting riprap berm, and to determine the distribution of waveinduced pressures on the face of the seawall.
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Introducing the limitations of the current study
635,898
As a result of the 2D tests, a stable stone size was determined for the proposed fronting berm, and overtopping rates were measured.
W1538362622
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An improved seawall design was recommended and showed a significant reduction of overtopping rates over the initial seawall design.
W1538362622
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681,051.0625
Waveinduced shock pressures were recorded on the face of the seawall however, durations were small and probably insignificant.
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Measured surge pressure magnitudes were relatively consistent and durations were significant.
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No significant negative pressures were recorded.
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750,666
We prove that a local ring R of embedding codepth at most 3 has at most two semidualizing complexes up to shiftisomorphism, namely, R itself and a dualizing Rcomplex if one exists.
W1589315358
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Identifying a knowledge gap in the field of study
734,244.9375
This article presents pedagogical assumptions and some distance educational policies.
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Identifying a controversy within the field of study
901,023.0625
It also presents considerations about educational technologies, and describes the experience of using the Internet in the nursing education undergraduate courses.
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548,255
It was offered a course via Internet, in the WebCT environment.
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741,432.9375
The subject theme was Intravenous Therapy.
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696,427.0625
Initially 49 students enrolled in the course, among these, 25 completed 50 of the course activities.
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Explaining keywords (also refer to Defining Terms)
669,449
Internet can stimulate and facilitate the nursing student digital inclusion.
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Restating a result or one of several results
761,719.0625
Thus, Internet can be seen as a useful auxiliary tool that allows a space and time flexibility, where these factors are determined according to learners interests and availability.
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Contrasting sources with ‘however’ for emphasis
850,518
Abstract Iodinecatalyzed intermolecular dehydrogenative aromatizations of sixmembered cyclohexanones for the selective synthesis of 2sulfanylphenols have been developed.
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Both aryl and alkyl disulfides can be used as sulfanylation reagents to give the desired products in good yields under the optimized reaction conditions.
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The catalytic reaction uses dimethyl sulfoxide or oxygen as the terminal oxidant and avoids the use of transition metal catalysts.
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785,906
In addition, αsulfanyl enones could also be obtained via an iodinecatalyzed oxidative system from simple cyclic ketones using dimethyl sulfoxide as the oxidant.
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Previewing a chapter
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AbstractSeveral names in Dickens novel The Mystery of Edwin Drood have been the source of disagreement among scholars.
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Establishing the importance of the topic for the discipline
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Among these are Drood itself, which may relate to rood cross Neville Landless, both parts suggesting disenfranchisement and the pet names for Rosa Bud, Rosebud and Pussy, both of which probably should not carry the sexual connotations some have ascribed to them.
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How do you get people to become drinkers of a new alcoholic beverage?
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Stating the purpose of the thesis, dissertation, or research article (note use of present tense)
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Given the current popular image of young Britons as alcohol fuelled party animals, you might wonder if they need much encouragement.
W169521271
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Suggestions for future work
774,584
But the manufacturers of the Brazilian drink Sagatiba want their new tipple to have a chic global presence, a mustimbibe for all the bright young things of the coolest bars in London, Amsterdam, Rome, and Paris.
W169521271
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Identifying a controversy within the field of study
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And they have 20m to spend on their European campaign to persuade more and more people to drink more and more of the stuff.
W169521271
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Referring to a single investigation in the past: investigation prominent
662,091
Sagatiba the company wants Sagatiba the spirit 38 proof to become as big as Bacardi.
W169521271
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Offering an explanation for the findings
608,059
At present the drinkan upmarket type of cachaca, which is a beverage distilled from sugar cane and normally drunk on street corners in Brazilis almost unheard of outside its country of origin.
W169521271
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Referring to another writer’s idea(s) or position
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Brazil exports only 1 of its cachaca while Russia exports 50 of its vodka.
W169521271
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Identifying a knowledge gap in the field of study
695,984
Enter advertising agency Saatchi Saatchi.
W169521271
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Synthesising sources: supporting evidence or ideas
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Surely the name that sold Margaret Thatchers Conservative government to UK voters can sell anything?
W169521271
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Offering an explanation for the findings
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Surely Saatchi Saatchi the front steps of whose London headquarters bear the motto Nothing is impossible can get the world drinking Sagatiba?
W169521271
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Sagatiba?
W169521271
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Highlighting significant data in a table or chart
768,726
Figure 1 Coming soon to a smart bar near you The Brazilians believe that the Sagatiba campaign should emphasise the purity of their product and that it should bring Brazil to London this is a drink for hot, hot people, but they are keen to avoid the clichesso no fruit on the head or happy Latin people dancing away.
W169521271
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Describing the process: expressing purpose with for
657,054
Saatchi Saatchis first effortbuilt around the slogan Pure, so you dont have to befails to impress the clients.
W169521271
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Identifying a controversy within the field of study
568,694
We want great, not good, they say.
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Noting implications of the findings
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In the end, the Saatchi Saatchi creative team find a model who looks like Brazils most famous icon, the statue of Christ the Redeemer in Rio de Janeiro, and decide to put him in scenes that capture the real spirit of Brazil, photographing him, his arms outstretched, in a bar, a swimming pool, and a nightclub, and on th...
W169521271
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Giving reasons for personal interest in the research (sometimes found in the humanities, and the applied human sciences)
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Pure spirit of Brazil, says the slogan.
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Describing the process: adverbs of manner
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Pure genius, say the Brazilians.
W169521271
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Describing the process: expressing purpose with for
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Not all goes exactly to plan, however.
W169521271
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Describing the process: expressing purpose with for
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The exorbitantly expensive Hollywood photographer, engaged to make the model exude the requisite degree of heroism, never makes it to the shoot in Sao Paulo because of a visa hitch.
W169521271
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