Question: Give me all actors starring in Batman Begins.

Morgan Freeman (born June 1, 1937) is an American actor, film director, and narrator. Freeman has received Academy Award nominations for his performances in Street Smart, Driving Miss Daisy, The Shawshank Redemption and Invictus, and won the Best Supporting Actor Oscar in 2005 for Million Dollar Baby. He has also won a Golden Globe Award and a Screen Actors Guild Award.

Anthony Ruivivar
Anthony Michael Ruivivar (born November 4, 1970 (1970-11-04)) is an American actor known for his portrayal of FDNY paramedic Carlos Nieto in the TV series Third Watch, Batman/Bruce Wayne in Beware the Batman, and other law enforcement roles in different TV series.

Bee Vang
Bee Vang (born November 4, 1991) is an American actor. He is the co-star of Clint Eastwood's 2008 film Gran Torino, playing the character Thao Vang Lor. Before this role, he did not have any known acting experience.

Nicole Kidman
Nicole Mary Kidman, AC (born 20 June 1967) is an Australian actress and film producer. Kidman's breakthrough roles was in the 1989 featured film thriller Dead Calm and television thriller mini series Bangkok Hilton. After appearing in several films in the early 1990s, she came to worldwide recognition for her performances in the auto racing film Days of Thunder (1990), the romance Far and Away (1992), and the superhero film Batman Forever (1995).

Liev Schreiber
Isaac Liev Schreiber (/ˈliːɨv/; born October 4, 1967) is an American actor, producer, director, and screenwriter. He became known during the late 1990s and early 2000s, having appeared in several independent films, and later mainstream Hollywood films, including the Scream trilogy of horror films, Phantoms, The Sum of All Fears,  X-Men Origins: Wolverine, Salt, Taking Woodstock, and Goon.Schreiber is also a respected stage actor, having performed in several Broadway productions.

Charles Boyer
Charles Boyer (French: [bwaye]; 28 August 1899 – 26 August 1978) was a French actor who appeared in more than 80 films between 1920 and 1976. After receiving an education in drama, Boyer started on the stage, but he found his success in American movies during the 1930s. His memorable performances were among the era's most highly praised, in romantic dramas such as The Garden of Allah (1936), Algiers (1938), and Love Affair (1939). Another famous role was in the 1944 mystery-thriller Gaslight.

Audrey Hepburn
Audrey Hepburn (/ˈɔːdri ˈhɛpˌbɜrn/; born Audrey Kathleen Ruston; 4 May 1929 – 20 January 1993) was a British actress and humanitarian. Recognised as a film and fashion icon, Hepburn was active during Hollywood's Golden Age. She was ranked by the American Film Institute as the third greatest female screen legend in the history of American cinema and was inducted into the International Best Dressed List Hall of Fame.

Made Men (film)
Made Men is a 1999 movie produced by HBO starring James Belushi, Michael Beach and Timothy Dalton. It combines elements of comedy with action and adventure.

Michael Palin
Michael Edward Palin CBE FRGS (pronounced /ˈpeɪlɨn/; born 5 May 1943) is an English comedian, actor, writer and television presenter.  He was one of the members of the comedy group Monty Python and later made a number of travel documentaries.Palin wrote most of his comedic material with Terry Jones. Before Monty Python, they had worked on other shows such as the Ken Dodd Show, The Frost Report, and Do Not Adjust Your Set.

Leonard Nimoy
Leonard Simon Nimoy (/ˈniːmɔɪ/; March 26, 1931 – February 27, 2015) was an American actor, film director, photographer, author, singer, and songwriter. He was known for his role as Mr.

Hayden Christensen
Hayden Christensen (born April 19, 1981) is a Canadian-American actor and producer. He began his career on Canadian television at the age of 13, then diversified into American television in the late 1990s. He was praised for his acting as Sam in Life as a House, which earned him nominations for both the Golden Globe Award and Screen Actors Guild Award. He was also nominated to the Saturn Award for Best Actor and earned the Cannes Film Festival Revelation Award for the Star Wars movies.


Question: Give me all actors starring in Batman Begins.

Rachel Dawes is a fictional character who first appeared in Christopher Nolan's 2005 feature film, Batman Begins. She was portrayed in that film by Katie Holmes, with Emma Lockhart as a younger version of the character in early scenes. Holmes also voiced Rachel in the Batman Begins video game. Maggie Gyllenhaal replaced Holmes in the 2008 sequel The Dark Knight after Holmes chose not to reprise the role.

Natalie Portman
Natalie Portman (born Neta-Lee Hershlag; Hebrew: נטע-לי הרשלג; June 9, 1981) is an Israeli-born American (with dual citizenship) actress, producer, and director. Her first role was in the 1994 action thriller Léon: The Professional, opposite Jean Reno, but mainstream success came when she was cast as Padmé Amidala in the Star Wars prequel trilogy (released in 1999, 2002 and 2005). In 1999, she enrolled at Harvard University to study psychology while still working as an actress.

Brother Tom
Brother Tom (ブラザー・トム, Burazā Tomu) (February 23, 1956 - ) is a Japanese singer and tarento. His birth name and former stage name is Tomu Koyanagi (小栁 富, Koyanagi Tomu), though he also goes by the English-language name of Thomas Akiona Akima Junior (トーマス・アキオナ・アキマ・ジュニア, Tōmasu Akiona Akima Junia). He is the father of actors Shin Koyanagi and Yū Koyanagi.

Dustin Hoffman
Dustin Lee Hoffman (born August 8, 1937) is an American actor and director with a career in film, television, and theatre since 1960. He has been known for his versatile portrayals of antiheroes and vulnerable characters. He won the Academy Award for Best Actor in 1979 (for Kramer vs. Kramer) and 1988 (for Rain Man).He first drew critical praise for starring in the play Eh?, for which he won a Theatre World Award and a Drama Desk Award.

Paul Pantano
Paul Pantano (born 23 February 1982) is an Australian actor.

Gotham City
Gotham City (/ˈɡɒθəm/ GOTH-əm) or Gotham is a fictional American city appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics, best known as the home of Batman. Batman's place of residence was first identified as Gotham City in Batman #4 (Winter 1940).

Ben Stiller
Benjamin Edward Meara "Ben" Stiller (born November 30, 1965) is an American actor, comedian, and filmmaker. He is the son of veteran comedians and actors Jerry Stiller and Anne Meara.After beginning his acting career with a play, Stiller wrote several mockumentaries, and was offered his own show entitled The Ben Stiller Show, which he produced and hosted for its 13-episode run. Having previously acted in television, he began acting in films; he made his directorial debut with Reality Bites.

Raymond Burr
Raymond William Stacey Burr (May 21, 1917 – September 12, 1993) was a Canadian-American actor, primarily known for his title roles in the television dramas Perry Mason and Ironside. He was prominently involved in multiple charitable endeavors, such as working on behalf of the United Service Organizations.Burr's early acting career included roles on Broadway, radio, television and in film, usually as the villain.

John Thaw
John Edward Thaw, CBE (3 January 1942 – 21 February 2002) was an English actor. He appeared in a range of television, stage, and cinema roles, his most popular being television series such as Inspector Morse, Redcap, The Sweeney, Home to Roost, and Kavanagh QC.

Christopher Lambert
Christophe Guy Denis "Christopher" Lambert (born 29 March 1957) is an American-born, French  actor who has appeared in American, as well as French and other European productions. He is best known for his role as Connor MacLeod, or simply "The Highlander", from the movie and subsequent movie franchise series of the same name.

Zhang Ziyi
Zhang Ziyi (born 9 February 1979), sometimes credited as Ziyi Zhang, is a Chinese actress and model. She is considered one of the Four Dan Actresses of China.Her first major role was in The Road Home (1999). She achieved fame in the West after leading roles in Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), Rush Hour 2 (2001), Hero (2002), House of Flying Daggers (2004), 2046 (2004), and Memoirs of a Geisha (2005). She has been nominated for three BAFTA Awards and a Golden Globe Award.


Question: Give me all actors starring in Batman Begins.

Roger Griffiths is an English actor who has had several roles in television.He first rose to prominence opposite Lenny Henry as Gareth Blackstock's foil Everton Stonehead in BBC One 90s sitcom Chef!. Before starring in Chef, he played a minor role as a news reporter in the Channel 4 British sitcom Desmond's in 1990.Following the run of Chef!, Griffiths has had recurring characters on British soap operas.  He joined the cast of Holby City in 2006, after a run on EastEnders as D.I.

Adam Paul Harvey
Adam Paul Harvey (born 7 July 1984) is an English actor.

Desmond Llewelyn
Desmond Wilkinson Llewelyn (12 September 1914 – 19 December 1999) was a Welsh actor famously known for his role as Q in 17 of the James Bond films between 1963 and 1999.

Danny DeVito
Daniel Michael "Danny" DeVito (born November 17, 1944) is an American actor, producer and director. He first gained prominence for his portrayal of taxi dispatcher Louie De Palma on Taxi (1978–1983), for which he won a Golden Globe and an Emmy.

On Deadly Ground
On Deadly Ground is a 1994 environmental action-adventure film, co-produced, directed by and starring Steven Seagal, and co-starring an all-star cast that includes Michael Caine, Joan Chen, John C. McGinley, R. Lee Ermey, Kenji Nakano, and Billy Bob Thornton in one of his early appearances. It earned $38.6 million during its theatrical run, failing to bring back its reported $50 million budget and received negative reviews.

Celebrity
Celebrity is fame and public attention in the media, usually applied to a person, or group of people (celebrity couple, family etc.), or occasionally, to animals or fictional entities. Celebrity status is often associated with wealth (commonly referred to as fame and fortune) and fame can often provide opportunities to make money.Successful careers in sports and entertainment are commonly associated with celebrity status; political leaders often become celebrities.

Burt Lancaster
Burton Stephen "Burt" Lancaster (November 2, 1913 – October 20, 1994) was an American film actor noted for his athletic physique, blue eyes, and distinctive smile (which he called "the Grin").

Cinema of the United Kingdom
The United Kingdom has had a significant film industry for over a century. While film production reached an all-time high in 1936, the 'golden age' of British cinema is usually thought to have occurred in the 1940s, during which the directors David Lean, Michael Powell, (with Emeric Pressburger) and Carol Reed produced their most highly acclaimed work. Many British actors have achieved international fame and critical success, including Michael Caine, Sean Connery and Kate Winslet.

Peter O'Toole
Peter Seamus O'Toole (/oʊˈtuːl/; 2 August 1932 – 14 December 2013) was a British-Irish stage and film actor. He attended the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art, and began working in the theatre, gaining recognition as a Shakespearean actor at the Bristol Old Vic and with the English Stage Company, before making his film debut in 1959.He achieved international recognition playing T. E. Lawrence in Lawrence of Arabia (1962) for which he received his first Academy Award nomination.

Bill Murray
William James "Bill" Murray (born September 21, 1950) is an American actor and comedian. He first gained exposure on Saturday Night Live for which he earned an Emmy Award and later went on to star in comedy films, including Meatballs (1979), Caddyshack (1980), Stripes (1981), Tootsie (1982), Ghostbusters (1984), Scrooged (1988), What About Bob? (1991), and Groundhog Day (1993).

Star Wars Episode I: The Phantom Menace
Star Wars: Episode I - The Phantom Menace (also known by its subtitle, The Phantom Menace) is a 1999 American epic space opera film written and directed by George Lucas, produced by Lucasfilm and distributed by 20th Century Fox. The fourth installment in the Star Wars series, the film stars Liam Neeson, Ewan McGregor, Natalie Portman, Jake Lloyd, Ian McDiarmid, Ahmed Best, Ray Park, Anthony Daniels, Kenny Baker, Pernilla August and Frank Oz.


Question: Give me all actors starring in Batman Begins.

Tom Wu is a Chinese British radio and television actor. He was born in Hong Kong and grew up in Chinatown, London. He is a martial arts expert who has appeared in films such as Revolver, Shanghai Knights, Batman Begins and the Bollywood sci-fi movie Ra.One.At the age of ten, Tom began practicing various martial arts such as Hung Gar, Karate and Wing Chun, and later took up acrobatics.

The Glimmer Man
The Glimmer Man is a 1996 American action film directed by John Gray,  and produced by Steven Seagal, who also starred in the film. The film also co-stars Keenen Ivory Wayans, Bob Gunton and Brian Cox. The film was released in the United States on October 4, 1996.Seagal plays Jack Cole, a former government intelligence operative known as "The Glimmer Man", because he could move so quickly and quietly through the jungle that his victims would only see a glimmer before they died.

Ben Geurens
Ben Geurens (born 24 December 1979, in Melbourne, Australia) is an actor.

Jia Nailiang
Jia Nailiang Chinese: 贾乃亮, born April 12, 1984 in Harbin, is a Chinese actor.Nailiang starred in "Da Tang Ge Fei"大唐歌飞(TV series) as a child, giving him wide exposure at a young age. Nailiang graduated from Beijing Film Academy, and in 2005, he starred in the TV series "Super Girl" which established him as an actor. He has starred in more than 30 TV series in the past 10 years.

Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon
Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon is a 2000 martial arts film. An American-Chinese-Hong Kong-Taiwanese co-production, the film was directed by Ang Lee and featured an international cast of Han Chinese actors, including Chow Yun-fat, Michelle Yeoh,  Zhang Ziyi and Chang Chen. The film was based on the fourth novel in a pentalogy, known in China as the Crane Iron Pentalogy, by wuxia novelist Wang Dulu. The martial arts and action sequences were choreographed by Yuen Wo Ping.

Arnold Schwarzenegger
Arnold Alois Schwarzenegger (/ˈʃwɔrtsənɛɡər/; German: [ˈaɐnɔlt ˈalɔʏs ˈʃvaɐtsənɛɡɐ]; born July 30, 1947) is an Austrian-American actor, model, producer, director, activist, businessman, investor, writer, philanthropist, former professional bodybuilder, and politician. Schwarzenegger served two terms as the 38th Governor of California from 2003 until 2011.Schwarzenegger began weight training at the age of 15. He won the Mr. Universe title at age 20 and went on to win the Mr.

Qui-Gon Jinn
Qui-Gon Jinn is a fictional character in the Star Wars saga, portrayed by Liam Neeson in the 1999 film Star Wars Episode I: The Phantom Menace.

Christos Stassinopoulos
Christos Stasinopoulos (or Stassinopoulos; Greek: Χρήστος Στασινόπουλος) is a Greek tenor and actor from Athens.

Edward Sorley
Edward Sorley was a British actor.

Mandy Patinkin
Mandel Bruce "Mandy" Patinkin (/pəˈtɪŋkɨn/; born November 30, 1952) is an American actor, tenor, voice artist, and comedian.Patinkin is well known for his portrayal of Inigo Montoya in the 1987 movie The Princess Bride. His other film credits include Alien Nation (1988), Yentl (1983), Dick Tracy (1990), and Wish I Was Here (2014). He has appeared in major roles in television series such as Chicago Hope, Dead Like Me, and Criminal Minds, and plays Saul Berenson in the Showtime series Homeland.

Gerald Kyd
Gerald Kyd (born Gerasimos Avvakoumides in 1973 in Pretoria, South Africa) is a half-Greek, half-Scottish actor.


Question: Which languages are spoken in Estonia?

Estonia (/ɛˈstoʊniə/; Estonian: Eesti [ˈeːsti]), officially the Republic of Estonia (Estonian: Eesti Vabariik), is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland, to the west by the Baltic Sea, to the south by Latvia (343 km), and to the east by Lake Peipus and Russia (338.6 km). Across the Baltic Sea lies Sweden in the west and Finland in the north.

Semitic languages
The Semitic languages are a branch of the Afroasiatic language family originating in the Middle East. Semitic languages are spoken by more than 470 million people across much of Western Asia, North Africa and the Horn of Africa, as well as in large expatriate communities in North America and Europe.

Māori language
Maori or Māori (/ˈmaʊri/; Māori pronunciation: [ˈmaː.ɔ.ɾi]) is an Eastern Polynesian language spoken by the Māori people, the indigenous population of New Zealand. Since 1987, it has been one of New Zealand's official languages. It is closely related to Cook Islands Māori, Tuamotuan, and Tahitian.According to a 2001 survey on the health of the Māori language, the number of very fluent adult speakers was about 9% of the Māori population, or 30,000 adults.

Khmer language
Khmer /kmɛər/ or Cambodian (natively ភាសាខ្មែរ [pʰiːəsaː kʰmaːe], or more formally ខេមរភាសា [kʰeɛmaʔraʔ pʰiːəsaː]) is the language of the Khmer people and the official language of Cambodia. With approximately 16 million speakers, it is the second most widely spoken Austroasiatic language (after Vietnamese). Khmer has been influenced considerably by Sanskrit and Pali, especially in the royal and religious registers, through the vehicles of Hinduism and Buddhism.

Quechuan languages
Quechuan /ˈkɛtʃwən/, also known as runa simi "\people's language"), is a Native American language family spoken primarily in the Andes region of South America, derived from a common ancestral language.  It is the most widely spoken language family of the indigenous peoples of the Americas, with a total of probably some 8 million to 10 million speakers.

Latin
Latin (/ˈlætɨn/; Latin: lingua latīna, IPA: [ˈlɪŋɡʷa laˈtiːna]) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. The Latin alphabet is derived from the Etruscan and Greek alphabets.Latin was originally spoken in Latium, Italy. Through the power of the Roman Republic, it became the dominant language, initially in Italy and subsequently throughout the Roman Empire.

Hausa language
Hausa (/ˈhaʊsə/) (Yaren Hausa or Harshen Hausa) is the Chadic language (a branch of the Afroasiatic language family) with the largest number of speakers, spoken as a first language by about 35 million people, and as a second language by 15 million in Nigeria, and millions more in other countries, for a total of at least 50 million speakers.

Afroasiatic languages
Afroasiatic (Afro-Asiatic), also known as Afrasian and traditionally as Hamito-Semitic (Chamito-Semitic), is a large language family of several hundred related languages and dialects. It comprises about 300 or so living languages and dialects, according to the 2009 Ethnologue estimate.

Altaic languages
Altaic /ælˈteɪɨk/ is a proposed, but widely discredited, language family of central Eurasia. Various versions include the Turkic, Mongolic, Tungusic, Koreanic, and Japonic languages. These languages are spoken in a wide arc stretching from northeast Asia through Central Asia to Anatolia and eastern Europe. The group is named after the Altai Mountains, a mountain range in Central Asia.The language families included in the proposal share numerous characteristics.

William I. Bertsche
William I. Bertsche (1918—1998) was an American commercial translator. A speaker of English and German, he could sight-read Afrikaans, Danish, Dutch, French, Finnish, Icelandic, Italian, Norwegian, Portuguese, Romanian, Spanish and Swedish.Bertsche was the son of Carl Bertsche and Hertha Woelfler. In 1903 his mother had founded the Lawyers' and Merchants' Translation Bureau at 11 Broadway, New York (now a subsidiary of RWS Holdings).

Scots language
Scots is the Germanic language variety  spoken in Lowland Scotland and parts of Ulster (where the local dialect is known as Ulster Scots).


Question: Which languages are spoken in Estonia?

Estonian Sign Language (ESL, Estonian: Eesti viipekeel) is the national sign language of Estonia. In 1998 there were about 4,500 signers out of a deaf population of 2000 and a hearing-impaired population ten times that number. It is widespread in the cities of Tallinn and Pärnu among deaf ethnic Estonians; deaf Russian Estonians in Tallinn use Russian Sign Language, Russians outside Tallinn tend to use a Russian–Estonian Sign Language pidgin, or may be bilingual.

Maltese language
Maltese (Maltese: Malti) is the national language of Malta and a co-official language of the country alongside English, while also serving as an official language of the European Union, the only Semitic language so distinguished. Maltese is descended from Siculo-Arabic (the Arabic dialect that developed in Sicily and later in Malta, between the end of the ninth century and the end of the twelfth century).

Afroasiatic languages
Afroasiatic (Afro-Asiatic), also known as Afrasian and traditionally as Hamito-Semitic (Chamito-Semitic), is a large language family of several hundred related languages and dialects. It comprises about 300 or so living languages and dialects, according to the 2009 Ethnologue estimate.

Afrikaans
Afrikaans (/ˌaːfrɨˈkɑːnᵗs/ or /-ˈkɑːnz/) is one of the official languages of South Africa. It is a West Germanic language spoken in South Africa, Namibia, and to a lesser extent, Botswana and Zimbabwe. It evolved from the Dutch vernacular of South Holland spoken by the mainly Dutch settlers of what is now South Africa, where it gradually began to develop distinguishing characteristics in the course of the 18th century.

Languages of Africa
There are 1,250 to 2,100 and by some counts over 3,000 languages spoken natively in Africa, in several major language families:Afroasiatic is spread throughout the Middle East, North Africa, the Horn of Africa, and parts of the SahelNilo-Saharan is centered on Sudan and Chad (disputed validity)Niger–Congo (Bantu and non-Bantu) covers West, Central, Southeast and Southern AfricaKhoe is concentrated in the deserts of Namibia and BotswanaAustronesian is spoken in Madagascar.Indo-European is spoken on the southern tip of the continent.There are several other small families and language isolates, as well as obscure languages that have yet to be classified.

Liet-Lávlut
Liet-Lávlut or Liet Ynternasjonaal is an annual festival for musicians who speak any of Europe's minority languages that was held the first time in Friesland in 2002. The goal of the festival is to boost interest in Europe's minority languages, especially with young people.

Sorbian languages
The Sorbian languages (Serbsce, Serbski) are two closely related languages spoken by the Sorbs, a Slavic minority in the Lusatia region of eastern Germany. They are classified under the West Slavic branch of the Indo-European languages. Historically the languages have also been known as Wendish or Lusatian. Their collective ISO 639-2 code is wen.

Welsh language
Welsh (Cymraeg or y Gymraeg, pronounced [kəmˈrɑːɨɡ, ə ɡəmˈrɑːɨɡ]) is a member of the Brittonic branch of the Celtic languages spoken natively in Wales, by some along the Welsh border in England, and in Y Wladfa (the Welsh colony in Chubut Province, Argentina). Historically it has also been known in English as "the British tongue", "Cambrian", "Cambric" and "Cymric".The 2011 UK Census counted 3.1 million residents of Wales. Of these, 73% (2.2 million) reported having no Welsh language skills.

Amharic
Amharic (/æmˈhærɪk/ or /ɑːmˈhɑrɪk/; Amharic: አማርኛ Amarəñña, IPA: [amarɨɲːa]) is a Semitic language spoken in Ethiopia. It is the second-most spoken Semitic language in the world, after Arabic, and the official working language of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia. Amharic is also the official or working language of several of the states within the federal system.

Estuary English
Estuary English is claimed to be an accent of English widely spoken in South East England, especially along the River Thames and its estuary. Phonetician John C. Wells proposed a definition of Estuary English as "Standard English spoken with the accent of the south-east of England", although he criticised the notion that the spread of language from London to the south-east was anything new. The name comes from the area around the Thames, particularly its Estuary.

List of renamed cities in Estonia
The following is the list of cities in Estonia that underwent a name change in the past.Kuressaare → Kingissepa (1952) → Kuressaare (1988)Reval/Revel → Tallinna (1918) → Tallinn (early 1920s)Dorpat/Derpt → Jurjev (1893) → Tartu (1918)Pernau → Pärnu (1918)Gewi/Jewe → Jõhvi (1918)Walk → Valga (1918)


Question: Which languages are spoken in Estonia?

Estonian Swedish (Swedish: estlandssvenska, Estonian: rannarootsi keel) describes the eastern dialects of Swedish that were spoken in the formerly Swedish-populated areas of Estonia (locally known as Aiboland) on the islands of Ormsö, Ösel, Dagö and Runö, and the peninsula (former island) of Nuckö, by the local Estonian Swedes.Up until the evacuation of the Estonian Swedes near the end of World War II, both Swedish and Estonian were commonly spoken on the named islands.

Kazakh language
Kazakh (natively Қазақ тілі, Қазақша, Qazaq tili, Qazaqşa, قازاق ٴتىلى; pronounced [qɑˈzɑq tɘˈlɘ]) is a Turkic language belonging to the Kipchak (or Northwestern Turkic) branch, closely related to Nogai, and especially Karakalpak.Kazak is an agglutinative language, and it employs vowel harmony.

Gascon language
Gascon (Occitan: [ɡasˈku], French: [ɡaskɔ̃]) is a dialect of Occitan. It is mostly spoken in Gascony and Béarn in southwestern France (in parts of the following French départements: Pyrénées-Atlantiques, Hautes-Pyrénées, Landes, Gers, Gironde, Lot-et-Garonne, Haute-Garonne, and Ariège) and in the Aran Valley of Catalonia. It has about 250,000 speakers worldwide.Only Aranese, a southern Gascon variety, is spoken in Catalonia. Aranese has been greatly influenced recently by Catalan and Spanish.

Afrikaans
Afrikaans (/ˌaːfrɨˈkɑːnᵗs/ or /-ˈkɑːnz/) is one of the official languages of South Africa. It is a West Germanic language spoken in South Africa, Namibia, and to a lesser extent, Botswana and Zimbabwe. It evolved from the Dutch vernacular of South Holland spoken by the mainly Dutch settlers of what is now South Africa, where it gradually began to develop distinguishing characteristics in the course of the 18th century.

British English
British English is the English language as spoken and written in Great Britain or, more broadly, throughout the British Isles. Slight regional variations exist in formal, written English in the United Kingdom. For example, the adjective wee is almost exclusively used in parts of Scotland and Northern Ireland, whereas little is predominant elsewhere.

English Language Skills Assessment
The English Language Skills Assessment (ELSA) is a group of tests designed to measure English language proficiency of subjects. The test is designed for non-native speakers, with different levels of testing available from beginners to advanced. The tests can be utilized to track progress among those studying English or to measure proficiency for employment or education where English language skills are required.

Saaremaa
Saaremaa (Estonian pronunciation: [ˈsɑːremɑː]; Danish: Øsel;  English (esp. traditionally): Osel;  Finnish: Saarenmaa;  Swedish & German: Ösel) is the largest island in Estonia, measuring 2,673 km2 (1,032 sq mi). The main island of Saare County, it is located in the Baltic Sea, south of Hiiumaa island, and belongs to the West Estonian Archipelago. The capital of the island is Kuressaare, which has about 15,000 inhabitants; the whole island has over 30,966 inhabitants.

Elvish languages (Middle-earth)
For Elvish languages in general, see Elvish languages.J. R. R. Tolkien constructed many Elvish languages. These were the languages spoken by the tribes of his Elves. Tolkien was a philologist by profession, and spent much time on his constructed languages. The Elvish languages were the first thing he imagined for his secondary world. Tolkien said that his stories grew out of his languages.

Latin
Latin (/ˈlætɨn/; Latin: lingua latīna, IPA: [ˈlɪŋɡʷa laˈtiːna]) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. The Latin alphabet is derived from the Etruscan and Greek alphabets.Latin was originally spoken in Latium, Italy. Through the power of the Roman Republic, it became the dominant language, initially in Italy and subsequently throughout the Roman Empire.

Estuary English
Estuary English is claimed to be an accent of English widely spoken in South East England, especially along the River Thames and its estuary. Phonetician John C. Wells proposed a definition of Estuary English as "Standard English spoken with the accent of the south-east of England", although he criticised the notion that the spread of language from London to the south-east was anything new. The name comes from the area around the Thames, particularly its Estuary.

Balochi language
Balochi is a Northwestern Iranian language. It is the principal language of the Baloch people. It is also spoken as a second language by most Brahui. Balochi is categorized as one of the Northwestern Iranian languages


Question: Which languages are spoken in Estonia?

Estonian grammar is the grammar of the Estonian language.

Balts
The Balts or Baltic people (Lithuanian: baltai, Latvian: balti) are an Indo-European ethno-linguistic group who speak the Baltic languages, a branch of the Indo-European language family, which was originally spoken by tribes living in area east of Jutland peninsula in the west and Moscow, Oka and Volga rivers basins in the east. One of the features of Baltic languages is the number of conservative or archaic features retained.

Frisian languages
The Frisian /ˈfriːʒən/ languages are a closely related group of Germanic languages, spoken by about 500,000 Frisian people, who live on the southern fringes of the North Sea in the Netherlands, Germany, and Denmark. The Frisian dialects are the closest living languages to English, after Scots. However, modern English and Frisian are unintelligible to each other.

Pyu language (Burma)
The Pyu language (Burmese: ပျူ ဘာသာ, IPA: [pjù bàðà]; also Tircul language) is an extinct Sino-Tibetan language that was mainly spoken in present-day central Burma (Myanmar) in the first millennium CE. It was the vernacular of the Pyu city-states, which thrived between the second century BCE and the 9th century CE. Its usage declined starting in the late 9th century when the Bamar people of the Kingdom of Nanzhao began to overtake the Pyu city-states.

Malayic languages
The Malayic languages are a branch of the Austronesian family. They include Malay, the national language of Malaysia, Brunei, and Indonesia; Minangkabau in central Sumatra; and Iban in northern Borneo.It is thought that the homeland of the Malayic languages is in western Borneo, where the Ibanic languages remain.

Tagalog language
Tagalog /təˈɡɑːlɒɡ/ (Tagalog: [tɐˈɡaːloɡ]) is an Austronesian language spoken as a first language by a quarter of the population of the Philippines and as a second language by the majority.

Kariri languages
The Karirí languages, generally considered dialects of a single language, are extinct languages spoken until the middle of the 20th century; the 4,000 ethnic Karirí are now monolingual Portuguese speakers, though a few know common phrases and names of medicinal plants.

Monument of Lihula
Monument of Lihula is the colloquial name of a monument commemorating the Estonians who fought for Estonia against the Soviet Union in World War II, located in Lagedi near Tallinn, the capital of Estonia.The monument has moved twice before ending up in the current location. It was originally unveiled in Pärnu on 2002, but taken down only nine days after prime minister Siim Kallas had condemned the statue.

German language
German (Deutsch [ˈdɔʏtʃ]) is a West Germanic language that derives most of its vocabulary from the Germanic branch of the Indo-European language family. Several German words are derived from Latin and Greek, and fewer are borrowed from French and English.

International auxiliary language
An international auxiliary language (sometimes abbreviated as IAL or auxlang) or interlanguage is a language meant for communication between people from different nations who do not share a common first language. An auxiliary language is primarily a second language.Languages of dominant societies over the centuries have served as auxiliary languages, sometimes approaching the international level.

West Flemish
West Flemish (Dutch: West-Vlaams, French: flamand occidental, West Flemish: West-Vlams/West-Vloams), "Flemish" in the linguistic sense, is a language spoken in western Belgium and adjoining parts of the Netherlands and France.


Question: Which languages are spoken in Estonia?

Estonian (eesti keel [ˈeːsti ˈkeːl] ) is the official language of Estonia, spoken natively by about 922,000 people in Estonia and 160,000 outside Estonia. It belongs to the Finnic branch of the Uralic language family. One distinctive feature that has caused a great amount of interest among linguists is what is traditionally seen as three degrees of phonemic length: short, long, and "overlong", such that /sɑdɑ/, /sɑˑdɑ/ and /sɑːdɑ/ are distinct. In actuality, the distinction is not purely in the phonemic length, and the underlying phonological mechanism is still disputed.

English Language Skills Assessment
The English Language Skills Assessment (ELSA) is a group of tests designed to measure English language proficiency of subjects. The test is designed for non-native speakers, with different levels of testing available from beginners to advanced. The tests can be utilized to track progress among those studying English or to measure proficiency for employment or education where English language skills are required.

Bislama
Bislama (English /ˈbɪsləmɑː/; Bislama: [bislaˈma]; also known under its earlier name in French Bichelamar [biʃlamaʁ]) is a creole language, one of the official languages of Vanuatu.  It is the first language of many of the "Urban ni-Vanuatu" (those who live in Port Vila and Luganville), and the second language of much of the rest of the country's residents.

Nochnoy Dozor (group)
Nochnoy Dozor (Russian: Ночной дозор, Night Watch, Estonian: Öine Vahtkond) is a group of mostly Russophone political activists living in Estonia. It was set up in the summer of 2006, with its original declared goal of defending the Bronze Soldier, a monument grave marker in Tallinn, near the Estonian National Library and next to a trolleybus stop, against "defacing, relocation and exhumation".

Umbrian language
Umbrian is an extinct Italic language formerly spoken by the Umbri in the ancient Italian region of Umbria. Within the Italic languages it is closely related to the Oscan group and is therefore associated with it in the group of Osco-Umbrian languages. Since that classification was first formulated a number of other languages in ancient Italy were discovered to be more closely related to Umbrian. Therefore, a group was devised to contain them, the Umbrian languages.

Dravidian languages
The Dravidian languages are a language family spoken mainly in southern India and parts of eastern and central India as well as in northeastern Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Nepal, Bangladesh, and overseas in other countries such as Malaysia and Singapore. The Dravidian languages with the most speakers are Kannada, Tamil, Telugu and Malayalam. There are also small groups of Dravidian-speaking scheduled tribes, who live beyond the mainstream communities, such as the Kurukh and Gond tribes.

Nicaragua
Nicaragua (/ˌnɪkəˈrɑːɡwəˌ -ˈræ-ˌ -ɡjuə/; Spanish: [nikaˈɾaɣwa]), officially the Republic of Nicaragua (Spanish: About this sound República de Nicaragua ), is the largest country in the Central American isthmus. The population of Nicaragua is slightly over 6 million. Nicaragua's capital, Managua, is the third-largest city in Central America. The multi-ethnic population includes indigenous peoples, Europeans, Africans, Asians, and people of Middle Eastern origin. The main language is Spanish.

Baltic Germans
The Baltic Germans (German: Deutsch-Balten, or Baltendeutsche) were mostly ethnically German inhabitants of the eastern shores of the Baltic Sea, in what today form the countries of Estonia and Latvia. (Lithuania, now considered a Baltic state, followed a completely different historical path and some of its cities were home to a small German trading class, but never a German noble or ruling class.) The Baltic German population never made up more than 10% of the total.

West Pomeranian dialect
West Pomeranian (German: Westpommersch or Vorpommersch) is a dialect of the East Low German language and thus of the Low German language. It is spoken today in West Pomerania (Vorpommern) in northeast Germany. Towards the west of the region it transitions gradually into Mecklenburgisch which, like West Pomeranian, belongs to the Mecklenburgisch-Vorpommersch dialect. Towards the south it mixes with Brandenburgisch. West Pomeranian has several West Slavic influences.

Portuguese language
Portuguese (português or, in full, língua portuguesa) is a Romance language and the sole official language of Portugal, Brazil, Mozambique, Angola, Cape Verde, Guinea-Bissau and São Tomé and Príncipe. It also has co-official language status in Macau and East Timor.

William I. Bertsche
William I. Bertsche (1918—1998) was an American commercial translator. A speaker of English and German, he could sight-read Afrikaans, Danish, Dutch, French, Finnish, Icelandic, Italian, Norwegian, Portuguese, Romanian, Spanish and Swedish.Bertsche was the son of Carl Bertsche and Hertha Woelfler. In 1903 his mother had founded the Lawyers' and Merchants' Translation Bureau at 11 Broadway, New York (now a subsidiary of RWS Holdings).


Question: Which languages are spoken in Estonia?

The Finnic (Fennic) or Baltic Finnic (Balto-Finnic, Balto-Fennic) languages are a branch of the Uralic language family spoken around the Baltic Sea by about 7 million people.The major modern representatives of the family are Finnish and Estonian, the official languages of their respective nation states. The other Finnic languages in the Baltic Sea region are Ingrian and Votic, spoken in Ingria by the Gulf of Finland; and Livonian, once spoken around Gulf of Riga.

Tamil language
Tamil  /ˈtæmɪl/ (தமிழ், tamiḻ, [t̪ɐmɨɻ] ?) also spelt Thamizh is a Dravidian language spoken predominantly by Tamil people of Tamil Nadu and Sri Lanka. It has official status in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu and the Indian Union Territory of Puducherry. Tamil is also an official and national language of Sri Lanka and one of the official languages of Singapore. It is legalised as one of the languages of medium of education in Malaysia along with English, Malay and Mandarin.

List of renamed cities in Estonia
The following is the list of cities in Estonia that underwent a name change in the past.Kuressaare → Kingissepa (1952) → Kuressaare (1988)Reval/Revel → Tallinna (1918) → Tallinn (early 1920s)Dorpat/Derpt → Jurjev (1893) → Tartu (1918)Pernau → Pärnu (1918)Gewi/Jewe → Jõhvi (1918)Walk → Valga (1918)

Chadic languages
The Chadic languages are a branch of the Afroasiatic language family that is spoken in parts of the Sahel. They include 150 languages spoken across northern Nigeria, southern Niger, southern Chad, Central African Republic and northern Cameroon. The most widely spoken Chadic language is Hausa, a lingua franca of much of inland West Africa.

Baltic Germans
The Baltic Germans (German: Deutsch-Balten, or Baltendeutsche) were mostly ethnically German inhabitants of the eastern shores of the Baltic Sea, in what today form the countries of Estonia and Latvia. (Lithuania, now considered a Baltic state, followed a completely different historical path and some of its cities were home to a small German trading class, but never a German noble or ruling class.) The Baltic German population never made up more than 10% of the total.

British English
British English is the English language as spoken and written in Great Britain or, more broadly, throughout the British Isles. Slight regional variations exist in formal, written English in the United Kingdom. For example, the adjective wee is almost exclusively used in parts of Scotland and Northern Ireland, whereas little is predominant elsewhere.

Marathi language
Marathi (English pronunciation: /məˈrɑːti/; मराठी Marāṭhī [məˈɾaʈʰi]) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken predominantly by Marathi people of Maharashtra. It is the official language and co-official language in Maharashtra and Goa states of Western India respectively, and is one of the 23 official languages of India. There were 73 million speakers in 2001; Marathi ranks 19th in the list of most spoken languages in the world. Marathi has the fourth largest number of native speakers in India.

Transport in Estonia
Transport in Estonia relies mainly on road and rail networks.

Kazakh language
Kazakh (natively Қазақ тілі, Қазақша, Qazaq tili, Qazaqşa, قازاق ٴتىلى; pronounced [qɑˈzɑq tɘˈlɘ]) is a Turkic language belonging to the Kipchak (or Northwestern Turkic) branch, closely related to Nogai, and especially Karakalpak.Kazak is an agglutinative language, and it employs vowel harmony.

Belize
Belize (/bəˈliːz/) is a country on the eastern coast of Central America. It is the only country in Central America whose official language is English, though Belizean Creole (Kriol) and Spanish are also commonly spoken. Belize is bordered on the north by Mexico, on the south and west by Guatemala, and on the east by the Caribbean Sea.

West Pomeranian dialect
West Pomeranian (German: Westpommersch or Vorpommersch) is a dialect of the East Low German language and thus of the Low German language. It is spoken today in West Pomerania (Vorpommern) in northeast Germany. Towards the west of the region it transitions gradually into Mecklenburgisch which, like West Pomeranian, belongs to the Mecklenburgisch-Vorpommersch dialect. Towards the south it mixes with Brandenburgisch. West Pomeranian has several West Slavic influences.


Question: Which languages are spoken in Estonia?

The Finno-Samic languages (also Finno-Saamic, Finno-Lappic, Saamic–Fennic) are a hypothetical subgroup of the Uralic family, and are made up of 22 languages classified into either the Sami languages, which are spoken by the Sami people who inhabit the Sápmi region of northern Fennoscandia, or Finnic languages, which include the major languages Finnish and Estonian. The grouping is not universally recognized as valid.

Breton language
Breton /ˈbrɛtən/ (Brezhoneg IPA: [bʁe.ˈzõː.nɛk]) is a Celtic language spoken in Brittany (Breton: Breizh; French: Bretagne), France.Breton is a Brittonic language brought from Great Britain to Armorica by migrating Britons during the Early Middle Ages; it is thus an Insular Celtic language and not closely related to the Gaulish language. Breton is most closely related to Cornish, both being Southwestern Brittonic languages.

Languages of the United States
Many languages are used, or historically have been used in the United States. The most commonly used language is English. There are also many languages indigenous to North America or to U.S. states or holdings in the Pacific region. Languages brought to the country by colonists or immigrants from Europe, Asia, or other parts of the world make up a large portion of the languages currently used; several languages, including creoles and sign languages, have also developed in the United States.

Marathi language
Marathi (English pronunciation: /məˈrɑːti/; मराठी Marāṭhī [məˈɾaʈʰi]) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken predominantly by Marathi people of Maharashtra. It is the official language and co-official language in Maharashtra and Goa states of Western India respectively, and is one of the 23 official languages of India. There were 73 million speakers in 2001; Marathi ranks 19th in the list of most spoken languages in the world. Marathi has the fourth largest number of native speakers in India.

Kashubian language
Kashubian or Cassubian (Kashubian: kaszëbsczi jãzëk, pòmòrsczi jãzëk, kaszëbskò-słowińskô mòwa; Polish: język kaszubski, język pomorski, język kaszubsko-słowiński) is a language variety of the Lechitic group, of the Slavic languages. Although it is often considered a language in its own right, it is sometimes considered a dialect of Polish. In Poland, it is an officially recognized ethnic-minority language. Approximately 106,000 people use mainly Kashubian at home.

Pyu language (Burma)
The Pyu language (Burmese: ပျူ ဘာသာ, IPA: [pjù bàðà]; also Tircul language) is an extinct Sino-Tibetan language that was mainly spoken in present-day central Burma (Myanmar) in the first millennium CE. It was the vernacular of the Pyu city-states, which thrived between the second century BCE and the 9th century CE. Its usage declined starting in the late 9th century when the Bamar people of the Kingdom of Nanzhao began to overtake the Pyu city-states.

Ülemiste Keskus
Ülemiste Keskus is one of the largest shopping centres in Tallinn, Estonia. It's adjacent to Tallinn Airport in Ülemiste, and has nine restaurants as well as babysitting services.

Russians
Russians (Russian: русские, russkiye) are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Russia, who speak the Russian language and primarily live in Russia.They are the most numerous ethnic group in Russia constituting more than 80% of the country's population according to the census of 2010, and the most numerous ethnic group in Europe.

Fictional language
Fictional languages are constructed languages created as part of a fictional setting, for example in books or movies.

Austronesian languages
The Austronesian languages is a language family that is widely dispersed throughout Maritime Southeast Asia, Madagascar and the islands of the Pacific Ocean, with a few members on continental Asia. Austronesian languages are spoken by about 386 million people, making it the fifth-largest language family by number of speakers, behind only the Indo-European languages, the Sino-Tibetan languages, the Niger-Congo languages, and the Afroasiatic languages.

Estonian parliamentary election, 1920
Parliamentary elections were held in Estonia between 27 and 29 November 1920, the first held under the 1920 constitution. 100 deputies were elected into the new Riigikogu by party lists in 10 regions, by which one party or electoral bloc could put up several lists in one region. Seats were still distributed on the state level, where votes for different lists were summed up by their political affiliation and then seats distributed using d'Hondt formula.


Question: Which languages are spoken in Estonia?

Laiuse Romani was a Romani variety spoken in Estonia. It was a mixed language based on Romani and Estonian.The Romani people first appeared to Estonia in the 17th century. According to rumors, they were first part of Swedish King Charles XII's Romani orchestra which he, after spending a winter in Laiuse, left behind. In 1841 all of the 44 Estonian Romani were collected and settled around Laiuse Parish.

Hiberno-English
Hiberno‐English or Irish English is the set of English dialects natively written and spoken within the Republic of Ireland as well as Northern Ireland. It comprises a number of sub-varieties; for example, mid Ulster English, local Dublin English, supraregional Irish English, and Cork English.English was brought to Ireland as a result of the Norman invasion of the late 12th century.

Daniel Mach
Daniel Mach (born December 5, 1955 in Perpignan — Perpinyà) is a member of the National Assembly of France.  He represents the Pyrénées-Orientales department, and is a member of the Union for a Popular Movement. He is the first politician to have spoken in Catalan in the National Assembly, saying:'Senyora, els catalans són gent orgullosa, honesta i pacífica. La seva llengua és un dret i saben quins són els seus "eures.'\The catalans are a proud, honest and peaceful people.

Luxembourgish language
Luxembourgish, Luxemburgish (/ˈlʌksəmˌbɜrɡɪʃ/) or Letzeburgesch (/ˌlɛtsᵊbɜrˈɡɛʃ/ or /ˈlɛtsᵊˌbɜrɡɪʃ/) (Luxembourgish: Lëtzebuergesch) is a Moselle Franconian variety of West Central German that is spoken mainly in Luxembourg.

Tigrinya language
Tigrinya, often written as Tigrigna /tɪˈɡriːnjə/  (ትግርኛ, Tigriññā) is a member of the Semitic branch of the Afroasiatic languages. It is spoken by ethnic Tigray-Tigrinya people in the Horn of Africa. Tigrigna speakers primarily inhabit the Tigray Region in northern Ethiopia (57%), where its speakers are called Tigrawot (feminine Tigrāweyti, male Tigraway, plural Tegaru), as well as the contiguous borders of southern and central Eritrea (43%), where speakers are known as the Tigrigna.

Telephone interpreting
Telephone interpreting is a service that connects human interpreters via telephone to individuals who wish to speak to each other but do not share a common language. The telephone interpreter converts the spoken language from one language to another, enabling listeners and speakers to understand each other.

Esperanto
Esperanto (/ˌɛspəˈraːntoʊ/; [espeˈranto] About this sound listen ) is a constructed international auxiliary language. It is the most widely spoken constructed language in the world. Its name derives from Doktoro Esperanto "\Esperanto" translates as "one who hopes"), the pseudonym under which physician and linguist L. L. Zamenhof published the first book detailing Esperanto, the Unua Libro, on 26 July 1887.

List of renamed cities in Estonia
The following is the list of cities in Estonia that underwent a name change in the past.Kuressaare → Kingissepa (1952) → Kuressaare (1988)Reval/Revel → Tallinna (1918) → Tallinn (early 1920s)Dorpat/Derpt → Jurjev (1893) → Tartu (1918)Pernau → Pärnu (1918)Gewi/Jewe → Jõhvi (1918)Walk → Valga (1918)

Semitic languages
The Semitic languages are a branch of the Afroasiatic language family originating in the Middle East. Semitic languages are spoken by more than 470 million people across much of Western Asia, North Africa and the Horn of Africa, as well as in large expatriate communities in North America and Europe.

Sino-Tibetan languages
The Sino-Tibetan languages are a family of more than 400 languages spoken in East Asia, Southeast Asia and parts of South Asia. The family is second only to the Indo-European languages in terms of the number of native speakers. The Sino-Tibetan languages with the most native speakers are the varieties of Chinese (1.2 billion speakers), Burmese (33 million) and the Tibetic languages (8 million).

Luganda
Luganda (/luːˈɡændə/, Oluganda [oluɡaːnda]) is the major language of Uganda, spoken by over five million Baganda and other people mainly in Southern Uganda, including the capital Kampala. It belongs to the Bantu branch of the Niger–Congo language family.


Question: Which languages are spoken in Estonia?

The official language of Estonia is Estonian, a Uralic language which is related to Finnish but unrelated to nearby Russian and Latvian which are of Indo-European root. Standard Estonian is mainly based on the North Estonian language, while South Estonian includes several unrecognised dialects, specifically Võro, Mulgi and Tartu. Võro, being furthest away from Standard Estonian, is the only one to have been given an ISO 639-3 language code by SIL (\vro\")."

Khmer language
Khmer /kmɛər/ or Cambodian (natively ភាសាខ្មែរ [pʰiːəsaː kʰmaːe], or more formally ខេមរភាសា [kʰeɛmaʔraʔ pʰiːəsaː]) is the language of the Khmer people and the official language of Cambodia. With approximately 16 million speakers, it is the second most widely spoken Austroasiatic language (after Vietnamese). Khmer has been influenced considerably by Sanskrit and Pali, especially in the royal and religious registers, through the vehicles of Hinduism and Buddhism.

Jicaquean languages
Jicaquean, also known as Tolan, is a small language family of Honduras.  There are two attested Jicaquean languages, Tol (Eastern Jicaque) and Western Jicaque (Holt 1999), which Campbell (1997) reports were about as distant as English and Swedish.  Only Tol survives.

Pyu language (Burma)
The Pyu language (Burmese: ပျူ ဘာသာ, IPA: [pjù bàðà]; also Tircul language) is an extinct Sino-Tibetan language that was mainly spoken in present-day central Burma (Myanmar) in the first millennium CE. It was the vernacular of the Pyu city-states, which thrived between the second century BCE and the 9th century CE. Its usage declined starting in the late 9th century when the Bamar people of the Kingdom of Nanzhao began to overtake the Pyu city-states.

Bolinao language
The Bolinao language or Binubolinao is a Central Luzon language spoken primarily in the municipalities of Anda and Bolinao, Pangasinan in the Philippines. It has approximately 50,000 speakers (Ethnologue 1990), making it the second most widely spoken Sambalic language.

Kazakh language
Kazakh (natively Қазақ тілі, Қазақша, Qazaq tili, Qazaqşa, قازاق ٴتىلى; pronounced [qɑˈzɑq tɘˈlɘ]) is a Turkic language belonging to the Kipchak (or Northwestern Turkic) branch, closely related to Nogai, and especially Karakalpak.Kazak is an agglutinative language, and it employs vowel harmony.

British English
British English is the English language as spoken and written in Great Britain or, more broadly, throughout the British Isles. Slight regional variations exist in formal, written English in the United Kingdom. For example, the adjective wee is almost exclusively used in parts of Scotland and Northern Ireland, whereas little is predominant elsewhere.

Kaire Vilgats
Kaire Vilgats (born on January 11, 1976) is an Estonian vocalist and actress.

Educating Eve
Educating Eve: The 'Language Instinct' Debate is a book by Geoffrey Sampson, providing arguments against Noam Chomsky's theory of a human instinct for (first) language acquisition. Sampson explains the original title of the book as a deliberate allusion to Educating Rita (1980), and uses the plot of that play to illustrate his argument.

Old Prussian language
Old Prussian is an extinct Baltic language, once spoken by the Old Prussians, the indigenous peoples of Prussia (not to be confused with the later and much larger German state of the same name), now northeastern Poland and the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia.The language is called Old Prussian to avoid confusion with the German dialects Low Prussian and High Prussian, and the adjective Prussian, which is also often used to relate to the later German state.Old Prussian began to be written down in the Latin alphabet in about the 13th century.

New Zealand English
New Zealand English (NZE, en-NZ) is the dialect of the English language used in New Zealand.The English language was established in New Zealand by colonists during the 19th century. It is one of "the newest native-speaker variet[ies] of the English language in existence, a variety which has developed and become distinctive only in the last 150 years".


Question: Which languages are spoken in Estonia?

The languages of the European Union are languages used by people within the member states of the European Union. They include the twenty-four official languages of the European Union along with a range of others.

Ülemiste Keskus
Ülemiste Keskus is one of the largest shopping centres in Tallinn, Estonia. It's adjacent to Tallinn Airport in Ülemiste, and has nine restaurants as well as babysitting services.

Etruscan language
The Etruscan language (/ɨˈtrʌskən/) was the spoken and written language of the Etruscan civilization, in Italy, in the ancient region of Etruria (modern Tuscany plus western Umbria and northern Latium) and in parts of Lombardy, Veneto, and Emilia-Romagna (where the Etruscans were displaced by Gauls). Etruscan influenced Latin, but was eventually completely superseded by it.

Estonian Social Democratic Workers' Party
The Estonian Social Democratic Workers' Party (Estonian: Eesti Sotsiaaldemokraatiline Tööliste Partei) was a political party in Estonia between 1917 and 1925. The party, founded on the platforms of patriotism, Estonian independence, and social justice, wrote the first Estonian constitution.

Ladin language
Ladin (/læˈdiːn/ or /ləˈdiːn/; Ladin: Ladin, Italian: Ladino, German: Ladinisch) is a Romance language consisting of a group of dialects (which some consider part of a unitary Rhaeto-Romance language) mainly spoken in the Dolomite Mountains in Northern Italy in South Tyrol, the Trentino and the province of Belluno by the Ladin people. It presents connections with the Swiss Romansh and Friulian.The precise extension of the Ladin language area is the subject of scholarly debates.

Tallinn Airport
Tallinn Airport (Estonian: Tallinna lennujaam, IATA: TLL, ICAO: EETN) or Lennart Meri Tallinn Airport (Estonian: Lennart Meri Tallinna lennujaam) is the largest airport in Estonia and home base of the national airline Estonian Air. Tallinn Airport is open to both domestic and international flights. It is located approximately 4 km from the centre of Tallinn on the eastern shore of Lake Ülemiste.

Natural language
In neuropsychology, linguistics and the philosophy of language, a natural language or ordinary language is any language that develops naturally in humans through use and repetition (typically, in their first few years of life) without any conscious planning or premeditation of their own. Almost always, therefore, these are the languages human beings use to communicate with each other, whether by speech, signing, touch or writing.

Belize
Belize (/bəˈliːz/) is a country on the eastern coast of Central America. It is the only country in Central America whose official language is English, though Belizean Creole (Kriol) and Spanish are also commonly spoken. Belize is bordered on the north by Mexico, on the south and west by Guatemala, and on the east by the Caribbean Sea.

International auxiliary language
An international auxiliary language (sometimes abbreviated as IAL or auxlang) or interlanguage is a language meant for communication between people from different nations who do not share a common first language. An auxiliary language is primarily a second language.Languages of dominant societies over the centuries have served as auxiliary languages, sometimes approaching the international level.

European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages
The European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages (ECRML) is a European treaty (CETS 148) adopted in 1992  under the auspices of the Council of Europe to protect and promote historical regional and minority languages in Europe. The preparation for the charter was undertaken by the predecessor to the current Congress of Local and Regional Authorities, the Standing Conference of Local and Regional Authorities of Europe because involvement of local and regional government was essential.

Anija
Anija (German: Hanniecken) is a village in Anija Parish, Harju County in northern Estonia. It has a population of 128 (as of 1 January 2010).Anija was first mentioned in 1241 as Hangægus village in the Danish Census Book.


Question: Which languages are spoken in Estonia?

Modern Swedish (Swedish: nysvenska) is the linguistic term used for the Swedish language from the Bible translation of 1526 to the development of a common national language around 1880. The period can further be divided into Early Modern Swedish (1526–1750) and Late Modern Swedish (1750–1880).

Swahili language
Swahili, also known as Kiswahili, is a Bantu language and the first language of the Swahili people. It is a lingua franca of the African Great Lakes region and other parts of Southeast Africa, including Tanzania, Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Mozambique and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Saaremaa
Saaremaa (Estonian pronunciation: [ˈsɑːremɑː]; Danish: Øsel;  English (esp. traditionally): Osel;  Finnish: Saarenmaa;  Swedish & German: Ösel) is the largest island in Estonia, measuring 2,673 km2 (1,032 sq mi). The main island of Saare County, it is located in the Baltic Sea, south of Hiiumaa island, and belongs to the West Estonian Archipelago. The capital of the island is Kuressaare, which has about 15,000 inhabitants; the whole island has over 30,966 inhabitants.

Gulf of Finland
The Gulf of Finland (Finnish: Suomenlahti; Estonian: Soome laht; Russian: Фи́нский зали́в, tr. Finskiy zaliv; IPA: [ˈfʲinskʲɪj zɐˈlʲif]; Swedish: Finska viken) is  the easternmost arm of the Baltic Sea.  It extends between Finland (to the north) and Estonia (to the south) all the way to Saint Petersburg in Russia, where the river Neva drains into it. Other major cities around the gulf include Helsinki and Tallinn.

Corsican language
Corsican (corsu or lingua corsa) is an Italo-Dalmatian Romance language spoken and written on the islands of Corsica (France) and northern Sardinia (Italy). Corsican was long the vernacular language alongside Italian, the official language in Corsica until 1859; afterwards Italian was replaced by French, owing to the acquisition of the island by France from Genoa in 1768.

Amharic
Amharic (/æmˈhærɪk/ or /ɑːmˈhɑrɪk/; Amharic: አማርኛ Amarəñña, IPA: [amarɨɲːa]) is a Semitic language spoken in Ethiopia. It is the second-most spoken Semitic language in the world, after Arabic, and the official working language of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia. Amharic is also the official or working language of several of the states within the federal system.

Māori language
Maori or Māori (/ˈmaʊri/; Māori pronunciation: [ˈmaː.ɔ.ɾi]) is an Eastern Polynesian language spoken by the Māori people, the indigenous population of New Zealand. Since 1987, it has been one of New Zealand's official languages. It is closely related to Cook Islands Māori, Tuamotuan, and Tahitian.According to a 2001 survey on the health of the Māori language, the number of very fluent adult speakers was about 9% of the Māori population, or 30,000 adults.

Kyrgyz language
Kyrgyz or Kirghiz /kɪərˈɡiːz/ (natively кыргызча/قىرعىزچا, pronounced [qɯɾʁɯzʧɑ] or кыргыз тили/قىرعىز تىلى, pronounced [qɯɾʁɯz tili]) is a Turkic language  spoken by about four million people in Kyrgyzstan as well as China, Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Turkey, Uzbekistan, Pakistan and Russia.

Native Esperanto speakers
Native Esperanto speakers (Esperanto: denaskuloj or denaskaj esperantistoj) are people who have acquired Esperanto as one of their native languages.  As of 1996, there were 350 or so attested cases of families with native Esperanto speakers. Estimates from associations indicate that there are currently around 1,000 Esperanto-speaking families, involving perhaps 2,000 children.

English Language Skills Assessment
The English Language Skills Assessment (ELSA) is a group of tests designed to measure English language proficiency of subjects. The test is designed for non-native speakers, with different levels of testing available from beginners to advanced. The tests can be utilized to track progress among those studying English or to measure proficiency for employment or education where English language skills are required.

Indonesian language
Indonesian (Bahasa Indonesia [baˈhasa indoneˈsia]) is the official language of Indonesia. It is a standardized register of Malay, an Austronesian language that has been used as a lingua franca in the Indonesian archipelago for centuries. Most Indonesians also speak one of more than 700 indigenous languages.Indonesia is the fourth most populous nation in the world.


Question: Which languages are spoken in Estonia?

The Northeastern coastal dialect (Estonian: kirderannikumurre) is a dialect (or dialect group) of the Estonian language. The coastal dialects of the Estonian language were spoken on the coastal strip of Estonia from Tallinn to river Narva. It has very few speakers left nowadays.

New Zealand English
New Zealand English (NZE, en-NZ) is the dialect of the English language used in New Zealand.The English language was established in New Zealand by colonists during the 19th century. It is one of "the newest native-speaker variet[ies] of the English language in existence, a variety which has developed and become distinctive only in the last 150 years".

Kashubian language
Kashubian or Cassubian (Kashubian: kaszëbsczi jãzëk, pòmòrsczi jãzëk, kaszëbskò-słowińskô mòwa; Polish: język kaszubski, język pomorski, język kaszubsko-słowiński) is a language variety of the Lechitic group, of the Slavic languages. Although it is often considered a language in its own right, it is sometimes considered a dialect of Polish. In Poland, it is an officially recognized ethnic-minority language. Approximately 106,000 people use mainly Kashubian at home.

Tok Pisin
Tok Pisin (English /tɒk ˈpɪsɪn/; Tok Pisin [ˌtokpiˈsin]) is a creole language spoken throughout Papua New Guinea. It is an official language of Papua New Guinea and the most widely used language in that country. In parts of Western, Gulf, Central, Oro Province and Milne Bay Provinces, however, the use of Tok Pisin has a shorter history, and is less universal, especially among older people.While it likely developed as a trade pidgin, Tok Pisin has become a distinct language in its own right.

Sorbian languages
The Sorbian languages (Serbsce, Serbski) are two closely related languages spoken by the Sorbs, a Slavic minority in the Lusatia region of eastern Germany. They are classified under the West Slavic branch of the Indo-European languages. Historically the languages have also been known as Wendish or Lusatian. Their collective ISO 639-2 code is wen.

Northeast Caucasian languages
The Northeast Caucasian, East Caucasian, Dagestanian (Daghestanian), or Nakho-Dagestanian languages are a language family spoken in the Russian republics of Dagestan, Chechnya, and Ingushetia, in northern Azerbaijan and northeastern Georgia, as well as in diaspora populations in Russia, Turkey, and the Middle East. They are occasionally called Caspian, as opposed to Pontic for the Northwest Caucasian languages.

Indo-Iranian languages
The Indo-Iranian languages or Indo-Iranic languages and sometimes in older literature known as the Aryan languages, constitute the largest and easternmost extant branch of the Indo-European language family.

Afrikaans
Afrikaans (/ˌaːfrɨˈkɑːnᵗs/ or /-ˈkɑːnz/) is one of the official languages of South Africa. It is a West Germanic language spoken in South Africa, Namibia, and to a lesser extent, Botswana and Zimbabwe. It evolved from the Dutch vernacular of South Holland spoken by the mainly Dutch settlers of what is now South Africa, where it gradually began to develop distinguishing characteristics in the course of the 18th century.

Tallinn Airport
Tallinn Airport (Estonian: Tallinna lennujaam, IATA: TLL, ICAO: EETN) or Lennart Meri Tallinn Airport (Estonian: Lennart Meri Tallinna lennujaam) is the largest airport in Estonia and home base of the national airline Estonian Air. Tallinn Airport is open to both domestic and international flights. It is located approximately 4 km from the centre of Tallinn on the eastern shore of Lake Ülemiste.

Kaire Vilgats
Kaire Vilgats (born on January 11, 1976) is an Estonian vocalist and actress.

Spanish language
Spanish (/ˈspænɪʃ/, español), also called Castilian (/kæˈstɪliən/, About this sound castellano ), is a Romance language that originated in the Castile region of Spain and today has hundreds of millions of native-speakers. Spanish is a part of the Ibero-Romance group of languages, which evolved from several dialects of common Latin in Iberia after the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century.


Question: Which languages are spoken in Estonia?

Russian Sign Language is the sign language of the Deaf community in Russia. It has a grammar unlike the (spoken or written) Russian language, with much stricter word order and word formation rules.  Russian Sign Language belongs to a family of French Sign Language.  Vocabulary from Austrian Sign Language also heavily influences Russian Sign Language.Russian Sign Language (РЖЯ) has its own grammar and is used by Deaf Russians in everyday communication.

Bilingual sign
A bilingual sign (or, by extension, a multilingual sign) is the representation on a panel (sign, usually a traffic sign, a safety sign, an informational sign) of texts in more than one language.

Spanish language
Spanish (/ˈspænɪʃ/, español), also called Castilian (/kæˈstɪliən/, About this sound castellano ), is a Romance language that originated in the Castile region of Spain and today has hundreds of millions of native-speakers. Spanish is a part of the Ibero-Romance group of languages, which evolved from several dialects of common Latin in Iberia after the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century.

Occitan language
Occitan (English pronunciation: /ˈɒksɨtən, -tæn, -tɑːn/; Occitan: [utsiˈta]; French: [ɔksitɑ̃]), also known as lenga d'òc (Occitan: [ˈleŋɡɔ ˈðɔ(k)]; French: langue d'oc) by its native speakers, is a Romance language. It is spoken in southern France, Italy's Occitan Valleys, Monaco, and Spain's Val d'Aran; collectively, these regions are sometimes referred to unofficially as Occitania. Occitan is also spoken in the linguistic enclave of Guardia Piemontese (Calabria, Italy).

Hannaliis Jaadla
Hannaliis Jaadla (born 12 July 1986) is an Estonian footballer who plays as a defender for English club Oxford United and for the Estonia national team. As well as playing for Tammeka Tartu and Flora Tallinn of the Naiste Meistriliiga, she previously turned out for Tottenham Hotspur in England.

Bislama
Bislama (English /ˈbɪsləmɑː/; Bislama: [bislaˈma]; also known under its earlier name in French Bichelamar [biʃlamaʁ]) is a creole language, one of the official languages of Vanuatu.  It is the first language of many of the "Urban ni-Vanuatu" (those who live in Port Vila and Luganville), and the second language of much of the rest of the country's residents.

Bantu languages
The Bantu languages (/ˈbæntuː/), technically the Narrow Bantu languages, constitute a traditional branch of the Niger–Congo languages. There are about 250 Bantu languages by the criterion of mutual intelligibility, though the distinction between language and dialect is often unclear, and Ethnologue counts 535 languages. Bantu languages are spoken largely east and south of present-day Cameroon; i.e. in the regions commonly known as Central Africa, Southeast Africa, and Southern Africa.

Estonian Social Democratic Workers' Party
The Estonian Social Democratic Workers' Party (Estonian: Eesti Sotsiaaldemokraatiline Tööliste Partei) was a political party in Estonia between 1917 and 1925. The party, founded on the platforms of patriotism, Estonian independence, and social justice, wrote the first Estonian constitution.

Altaic languages
Altaic /ælˈteɪɨk/ is a proposed, but widely discredited, language family of central Eurasia. Various versions include the Turkic, Mongolic, Tungusic, Koreanic, and Japonic languages. These languages are spoken in a wide arc stretching from northeast Asia through Central Asia to Anatolia and eastern Europe. The group is named after the Altai Mountains, a mountain range in Central Asia.The language families included in the proposal share numerous characteristics.

Telugu language
Telugu (English pronunciation: /ˈtɛlʉɡuː/; తెలుగు telugu, IPA: [t̪el̪uɡu]) is a Dravidian language and is the only language other than Hindi, English and Bengali that is predominantly spoken in more than one Indian state, being the primary language in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, as well as in the town of Yanam where it is also an official language.

Scots language
Scots is the Germanic language variety  spoken in Lowland Scotland and parts of Ulster (where the local dialect is known as Ulster Scots).


Question: Which languages are spoken in Estonia?

Russian (ру́сский язы́к, russkiy yazyk, pronounced [ˈruskʲɪj jɪˈzɨk]) is an East Slavic language and an official language in Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan. It is an unofficial but widely spoken language in Ukraine, Moldova, Latvia, Estonia, and to a lesser extent, the other countries that were once constituent republics of the Soviet Union and former participants of the Eastern Bloc.

Erlang (programming language)
Erlang (/ˈɜrlæŋ/ ER-lang) is a general-purpose, concurrent, garbage-collected programming language and runtime system. The sequential subset of Erlang is almost a functional language (excluding certain built-in functions (BIFs) such as those manipulating the process dictionary), with eager evaluation, single assignment, and dynamic typing. It was originally designed by Ericsson to support distributed, fault-tolerant, soft real-time, highly available, non-stop applications.

Russian dialects
Russian dialects are spoken variants of the Russian language.

Vietnamese language
Vietnamese /ˌviɛtnəˈmiːz/ (tiếng Việt) is an Austroasiatic language that originated in the north of Vietnam and is the national and official language of the country. It is the native language of the Vietnamese (Kinh) people, as well as a first or second language for the many ethnic minorities of Vietnam.

Serbian language
Serbian (Serbian Cyrillic: српски, Latin: srpski, pronounced [sr̩̂pskiː]) is the standardized variety of the Serbo-Croatian language used chiefly by Serbs in Serbia, Montenegro, and Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Latin
Latin (/ˈlætɨn/; Latin: lingua latīna, IPA: [ˈlɪŋɡʷa laˈtiːna]) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. The Latin alphabet is derived from the Etruscan and Greek alphabets.Latin was originally spoken in Latium, Italy. Through the power of the Roman Republic, it became the dominant language, initially in Italy and subsequently throughout the Roman Empire.

Malayic languages
The Malayic languages are a branch of the Austronesian family. They include Malay, the national language of Malaysia, Brunei, and Indonesia; Minangkabau in central Sumatra; and Iban in northern Borneo.It is thought that the homeland of the Malayic languages is in western Borneo, where the Ibanic languages remain.

Northeast Caucasian languages
The Northeast Caucasian, East Caucasian, Dagestanian (Daghestanian), or Nakho-Dagestanian languages are a language family spoken in the Russian republics of Dagestan, Chechnya, and Ingushetia, in northern Azerbaijan and northeastern Georgia, as well as in diaspora populations in Russia, Turkey, and the Middle East. They are occasionally called Caspian, as opposed to Pontic for the Northwest Caucasian languages.

Balts
The Balts or Baltic people (Lithuanian: baltai, Latvian: balti) are an Indo-European ethno-linguistic group who speak the Baltic languages, a branch of the Indo-European language family, which was originally spoken by tribes living in area east of Jutland peninsula in the west and Moscow, Oka and Volga rivers basins in the east. One of the features of Baltic languages is the number of conservative or archaic features retained.

Sino-Tibetan languages
The Sino-Tibetan languages are a family of more than 400 languages spoken in East Asia, Southeast Asia and parts of South Asia. The family is second only to the Indo-European languages in terms of the number of native speakers. The Sino-Tibetan languages with the most native speakers are the varieties of Chinese (1.2 billion speakers), Burmese (33 million) and the Tibetic languages (8 million).

Northwest Caucasian languages
The Northwest Caucasian languages, also called West Caucasian, Abkhazo-Adyghean, or sometimes Pontic (as opposed to Caspian for the Northeast Caucasian languages), are a group of languages spoken in the northwestern Caucasus region, chiefly in three Russian republics (Adygea, Kabardino-Balkaria, Karachay–Cherkessia), the disputed territory of Abkhazia (whose sovereignty is claimed by Georgia), and Turkey, with smaller communities scattered throughout the Middle East.


Question: Which languages are spoken in Estonia?

Seto or Setu language (seto kiil´; Estonian: setu keel) is a dialect of the South Estonian or Võro language (although the Setos generally do not identify as Võro speakers), spoken by 12,549 people. The speakers, Seto people, mostly inhabit the area near Estonia's southeastern border with Russia, in the county of Setomaa.

Marathi language
Marathi (English pronunciation: /məˈrɑːti/; मराठी Marāṭhī [məˈɾaʈʰi]) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken predominantly by Marathi people of Maharashtra. It is the official language and co-official language in Maharashtra and Goa states of Western India respectively, and is one of the 23 official languages of India. There were 73 million speakers in 2001; Marathi ranks 19th in the list of most spoken languages in the world. Marathi has the fourth largest number of native speakers in India.

Guarani language
Guarani (/ˈɡwɑrəniː/ or /ɡwærəˈniː/), specifically the primary variety known as Paraguayan Guarani (endonym avañe'ẽ [aʋãɲẽˈʔẽ] 'the people's language'), is an indigenous language of South America that belongs to the Tupi–Guarani subfamily of the Tupian languages. It is one of the official languages of Paraguay (along with Spanish), where it is spoken by the majority of the population, and where half of the rural population is monolingual.

Etruscan language
The Etruscan language (/ɨˈtrʌskən/) was the spoken and written language of the Etruscan civilization, in Italy, in the ancient region of Etruria (modern Tuscany plus western Umbria and northern Latium) and in parts of Lombardy, Veneto, and Emilia-Romagna (where the Etruscans were displaced by Gauls). Etruscan influenced Latin, but was eventually completely superseded by it.

Language family
A language family is a group of languages related through descent from a common ancestor, called the proto-language of that family. The term 'family' reflects the tree model of language origination in historical linguistics, which makes use of a metaphor comparing languages to people in a biological family tree, or in a subsequent modification, to species in a phylogenetic tree of evolutionary taxonomy.

Amharic
Amharic (/æmˈhærɪk/ or /ɑːmˈhɑrɪk/; Amharic: አማርኛ Amarəñña, IPA: [amarɨɲːa]) is a Semitic language spoken in Ethiopia. It is the second-most spoken Semitic language in the world, after Arabic, and the official working language of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia. Amharic is also the official or working language of several of the states within the federal system.

Esperanto
Esperanto (/ˌɛspəˈraːntoʊ/; [espeˈranto] About this sound listen ) is a constructed international auxiliary language. It is the most widely spoken constructed language in the world. Its name derives from Doktoro Esperanto "\Esperanto" translates as "one who hopes"), the pseudonym under which physician and linguist L. L. Zamenhof published the first book detailing Esperanto, the Unua Libro, on 26 July 1887.

Telephone interpreting
Telephone interpreting is a service that connects human interpreters via telephone to individuals who wish to speak to each other but do not share a common language. The telephone interpreter converts the spoken language from one language to another, enabling listeners and speakers to understand each other.

Malayic languages
The Malayic languages are a branch of the Austronesian family. They include Malay, the national language of Malaysia, Brunei, and Indonesia; Minangkabau in central Sumatra; and Iban in northern Borneo.It is thought that the homeland of the Malayic languages is in western Borneo, where the Ibanic languages remain.

English-Speaking Union Scotland
The English-Speaking Union Scotland (ESU Scotland) is an educational Scottish charity whose purpose, shared with the English-Speaking Union internationally, is to promote international understanding and human achievements through the widening use of the English language throughout the world.ESU Scotland is based in Edinburgh and retains close links with the ESU's international headquarters at Dartmouth House in Mayfair, London.

Tuvaluan language
Tuvaluan /tuːvəˈluːən/ is a Polynesian language of or closely related to the Ellicean group spoken in Tuvalu. It is more or less distantly related to all other Polynesian languages, such as Hawaiian, Maori, Tahitian, Samoan, and Tongan, and most closely related to the languages spoken on the Polynesian Outliers in Micronesia and Northern and Central Melanesia.


Question: Which languages are spoken in Estonia?

South Estonian is a Finnic language spoken in South-Eastern Estonia, encompassing the Tartu, Mulgi, Võro and Seto languages or dialects. It has traditionally been considered one of the two or three main dialect groups of the Estonian language, and is largely mutually intelligible with modern standard Estonian, although diachronically North and South Estonian are separate branches of the Finnic languages.Modern standard Estonian has evolved on the basis of the dialects of Northern Estonia.

Portuguese language
Portuguese (português or, in full, língua portuguesa) is a Romance language and the sole official language of Portugal, Brazil, Mozambique, Angola, Cape Verde, Guinea-Bissau and São Tomé and Príncipe. It also has co-official language status in Macau and East Timor.

Natural language
In neuropsychology, linguistics and the philosophy of language, a natural language or ordinary language is any language that develops naturally in humans through use and repetition (typically, in their first few years of life) without any conscious planning or premeditation of their own. Almost always, therefore, these are the languages human beings use to communicate with each other, whether by speech, signing, touch or writing.

Lithuania
Lithuania (/ˌlɪθjuːˈeɪniə/; Lithuanian: Lietuva [ˈlʲɪɛtʊvaː]), officially the Republic of Lithuania (Lithuanian: Lietuvos Respublika), is a country in Northern Europe. One of the three Baltic states, it is situated along the southeastern shore of the Baltic Sea, to the east of Sweden and Denmark. It is bordered by Latvia to the north, Belarus to the east and south, Poland to the south, and Kaliningrad Oblast (a Russian exclave) to the southwest.

Dravidian languages
The Dravidian languages are a language family spoken mainly in southern India and parts of eastern and central India as well as in northeastern Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Nepal, Bangladesh, and overseas in other countries such as Malaysia and Singapore. The Dravidian languages with the most speakers are Kannada, Tamil, Telugu and Malayalam. There are also small groups of Dravidian-speaking scheduled tribes, who live beyond the mainstream communities, such as the Kurukh and Gond tribes.

Austronesian languages
The Austronesian languages is a language family that is widely dispersed throughout Maritime Southeast Asia, Madagascar and the islands of the Pacific Ocean, with a few members on continental Asia. Austronesian languages are spoken by about 386 million people, making it the fifth-largest language family by number of speakers, behind only the Indo-European languages, the Sino-Tibetan languages, the Niger-Congo languages, and the Afroasiatic languages.

Indo-Iranian languages
The Indo-Iranian languages or Indo-Iranic languages and sometimes in older literature known as the Aryan languages, constitute the largest and easternmost extant branch of the Indo-European language family.

Unua Libro
Dr. Esperanto's International Language, usually referred to as Unua Libro (English: First Book), was the first publication to describe Esperanto, then called the International Language (Esperanto: Lingvo Internacia).  It was first published in Russian on July 26, 1887 in Warsaw, by Polish oculist L. L. Zamenhof.  Over the next few years editions were published in Polish, Russian, Hebrew, French, German, and English.

Socialism in Estonia
Socialism in Estonia has a long tradition, emerging from the struggle against imperialism and represents a significant part of the country's historical political heritage.

Türisalu
Türisalu is a village in Harku Parish, Harju County in northern Estonia. It has a population of 499 (as of 1 June 2010).An infamous suicide place Türisalu cliff is located in the village.

Baltic Germans
The Baltic Germans (German: Deutsch-Balten, or Baltendeutsche) were mostly ethnically German inhabitants of the eastern shores of the Baltic Sea, in what today form the countries of Estonia and Latvia. (Lithuania, now considered a Baltic state, followed a completely different historical path and some of its cities were home to a small German trading class, but never a German noble or ruling class.) The Baltic German population never made up more than 10% of the total.


Question: Which languages are spoken in Estonia?

Sweden Swedish (Swedish: sverigesvenska) is a term sometimes used to distinguish the Swedish as spoken in Sweden from Finland Swedish, Estonian Swedish or other variants of the same language as spoken in other countries, regardless of dialects.

Ülemiste Keskus
Ülemiste Keskus is one of the largest shopping centres in Tallinn, Estonia. It's adjacent to Tallinn Airport in Ülemiste, and has nine restaurants as well as babysitting services.

Cree language
Cree /ˈkriː/ (also known as Cree–Montagnais–Naskapi) is an Algonquian language spoken by approximately 117,000 people across Canada, from the Northwest Territories and Alberta to Labrador, making it the aboriginal language with the highest number of speakers in Canada. Despite numerous speakers within this wide-ranging area, the only region where Cree has any official status is in the Northwest Territories, alongside eight other aboriginal languages.

Old Prussian language
Old Prussian is an extinct Baltic language, once spoken by the Old Prussians, the indigenous peoples of Prussia (not to be confused with the later and much larger German state of the same name), now northeastern Poland and the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia.The language is called Old Prussian to avoid confusion with the German dialects Low Prussian and High Prussian, and the adjective Prussian, which is also often used to relate to the later German state.Old Prussian began to be written down in the Latin alphabet in about the 13th century.

Tswana language
The Tswana language, Setswana, is a language spoken in southern Africa by about five million people. It is a Bantu language belonging to the Niger–Congo language family within the Sotho languages branch of Zone S (S.30), and is closely related to the Northern- and Southern Sotho languages, as well as the Kgalagadi language and the Lozi language.Tswana is an official language and lingua franca of Botswana.

European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages
The European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages (ECRML) is a European treaty (CETS 148) adopted in 1992  under the auspices of the Council of Europe to protect and promote historical regional and minority languages in Europe. The preparation for the charter was undertaken by the predecessor to the current Congress of Local and Regional Authorities, the Standing Conference of Local and Regional Authorities of Europe because involvement of local and regional government was essential.

Swahili language
Swahili, also known as Kiswahili, is a Bantu language and the first language of the Swahili people. It is a lingua franca of the African Great Lakes region and other parts of Southeast Africa, including Tanzania, Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Mozambique and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Sardinian language
Sardinian (sardu, limba sarda, lingua sarda) is a Romance language primarily spoken on three-quarters of the island of Sardinia (Italy).A number of scholars consider it the most conservative Romance language, and its substratum (Paleo-Sardinian or Nuragic) has also been researched.

Jicaquean languages
Jicaquean, also known as Tolan, is a small language family of Honduras.  There are two attested Jicaquean languages, Tol (Eastern Jicaque) and Western Jicaque (Holt 1999), which Campbell (1997) reports were about as distant as English and Swedish.  Only Tol survives.

Quechuan languages
Quechuan /ˈkɛtʃwən/, also known as runa simi "\people's language"), is a Native American language family spoken primarily in the Andes region of South America, derived from a common ancestral language.  It is the most widely spoken language family of the indigenous peoples of the Americas, with a total of probably some 8 million to 10 million speakers.

Eesti Energia
Eesti Energia AS is a private limited energy company in Estonia with its headquarters in Tallinn. It is the world's biggest oil shale to energy company.  The company was founded in 1939. As of 2014, it operates in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Finland, Jordan and Utah, United States. In Estonia the company operates under the name Eesti Energia, while using the brand name Enefit for international operations.


Question: Which languages are spoken in Estonia?

The Uralic languages /jʊˈrælɨk/  (sometimes called Uralian /jʊˈreɪliən/ languages) constitute a language family of some 38 languages spoken by approximately 25 million people. The Uralic languages with the most native speakers are Hungarian, Finnish, and Estonian, which are official languages of Hungary, Finland, and Estonia, respectively, and of the European Union.

Türisalu
Türisalu is a village in Harku Parish, Harju County in northern Estonia. It has a population of 499 (as of 1 June 2010).An infamous suicide place Türisalu cliff is located in the village.

L'Ajuntaera pa la Plática, l'Esturrie y l'Escarculle la Llengua Murciana
L’Ajuntaera pa la Plática, l'Esturrie y l'Escarculle la Llengua Murciana (La Asociación para el Habla, la Difusión y el Desarrollo de la Lengua Murciana in Spanish) is a cultural association which seeks expansion of the Murcian language, considering it as a separate language, as well as research of the language. It also seeks to help any people who want to speak or write the language. The number of members as well as the activities they promote (besides their own web) is unknown.

Kurdish languages
Kurdish (کوردی, Kurdî) is a continuum of Northwestern Iranian languages spoken by the Kurds in Western Asia. Kurdish forms three dialect groups known as Northern Kurdish (Kurmanji), Central Kurdish (Sorani), and Southern Kurdish (Pehlewani). A separate group of languages, Zaza-Gorani, is also spoken by several million Kurds, but is linguistically not Kurdish.

Occitan language
Occitan (English pronunciation: /ˈɒksɨtən, -tæn, -tɑːn/; Occitan: [utsiˈta]; French: [ɔksitɑ̃]), also known as lenga d'òc (Occitan: [ˈleŋɡɔ ˈðɔ(k)]; French: langue d'oc) by its native speakers, is a Romance language. It is spoken in southern France, Italy's Occitan Valleys, Monaco, and Spain's Val d'Aran; collectively, these regions are sometimes referred to unofficially as Occitania. Occitan is also spoken in the linguistic enclave of Guardia Piemontese (Calabria, Italy).

Kariri languages
The Karirí languages, generally considered dialects of a single language, are extinct languages spoken until the middle of the 20th century; the 4,000 ethnic Karirí are now monolingual Portuguese speakers, though a few know common phrases and names of medicinal plants.

Jicaquean languages
Jicaquean, also known as Tolan, is a small language family of Honduras.  There are two attested Jicaquean languages, Tol (Eastern Jicaque) and Western Jicaque (Holt 1999), which Campbell (1997) reports were about as distant as English and Swedish.  Only Tol survives.

Telephone interpreting
Telephone interpreting is a service that connects human interpreters via telephone to individuals who wish to speak to each other but do not share a common language. The telephone interpreter converts the spoken language from one language to another, enabling listeners and speakers to understand each other.

Malayo-Polynesian languages
The Malayo-Polynesian languages are a subgroup of the Austronesian languages, with approximately 385.5 million speakers. The Malayo-Polynesian languages are spoken by the Austronesian people of the island nations of Southeast Asia and the Pacific Ocean, with a smaller number in continental Asia. Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam serve as the northeast geographic outlier, going well into the Malay peninsula.

Balts
The Balts or Baltic people (Lithuanian: baltai, Latvian: balti) are an Indo-European ethno-linguistic group who speak the Baltic languages, a branch of the Indo-European language family, which was originally spoken by tribes living in area east of Jutland peninsula in the west and Moscow, Oka and Volga rivers basins in the east. One of the features of Baltic languages is the number of conservative or archaic features retained.

Korean language
Korean (한국어/조선말, see  below) is the official language of both South Korea and North Korea, as well as one of the two official languages in China's Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture. About 80 million people speak Korean worldwide. For over a millennium, Koreans wrote with adapted Chinese characters called hanja, complemented by phonetic systems like hyangchal, gugyeol, and idu.


Question: Which languages are spoken in Estonia?

The Võro language (Võro: võro kiilTemplate:` [ˈvɤro kʲiːlʲ], Estonian: võru keel) is a language belonging to the Finnic branch of the Uralic languages. Traditionally it has been considered a dialect of the South Estonian dialect group of the Estonian language, but nowadays it has its own literary language and is in search of official recognition as an autochthonous regional language of Estonia.

Estonian Social Democratic Workers' Party
The Estonian Social Democratic Workers' Party (Estonian: Eesti Sotsiaaldemokraatiline Tööliste Partei) was a political party in Estonia between 1917 and 1925. The party, founded on the platforms of patriotism, Estonian independence, and social justice, wrote the first Estonian constitution.

Belize
Belize (/bəˈliːz/) is a country on the eastern coast of Central America. It is the only country in Central America whose official language is English, though Belizean Creole (Kriol) and Spanish are also commonly spoken. Belize is bordered on the north by Mexico, on the south and west by Guatemala, and on the east by the Caribbean Sea.

West Pomeranian dialect
West Pomeranian (German: Westpommersch or Vorpommersch) is a dialect of the East Low German language and thus of the Low German language. It is spoken today in West Pomerania (Vorpommern) in northeast Germany. Towards the west of the region it transitions gradually into Mecklenburgisch which, like West Pomeranian, belongs to the Mecklenburgisch-Vorpommersch dialect. Towards the south it mixes with Brandenburgisch. West Pomeranian has several West Slavic influences.

American Sign Language
American Sign Language (ASL) is the predominant sign language of deaf communities in the United States and most of anglophone Canada. Besides North America, dialects of ASL and ASL-based creoles are used in many countries around the world, including much of West Africa and parts of Southeast Asia. ASL is also widely learned as a second language, serving as a lingua franca. ASL is most closely related to French Sign Language (FSL).

Socialism in Estonia
Socialism in Estonia has a long tradition, emerging from the struggle against imperialism and represents a significant part of the country's historical political heritage.

Cree language
Cree /ˈkriː/ (also known as Cree–Montagnais–Naskapi) is an Algonquian language spoken by approximately 117,000 people across Canada, from the Northwest Territories and Alberta to Labrador, making it the aboriginal language with the highest number of speakers in Canada. Despite numerous speakers within this wide-ranging area, the only region where Cree has any official status is in the Northwest Territories, alongside eight other aboriginal languages.

Kyrgyz language
Kyrgyz or Kirghiz /kɪərˈɡiːz/ (natively кыргызча/قىرعىزچا, pronounced [qɯɾʁɯzʧɑ] or кыргыз тили/قىرعىز تىلى, pronounced [qɯɾʁɯz tili]) is a Turkic language  spoken by about four million people in Kyrgyzstan as well as China, Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Turkey, Uzbekistan, Pakistan and Russia.

Umbrian language
Umbrian is an extinct Italic language formerly spoken by the Umbri in the ancient Italian region of Umbria. Within the Italic languages it is closely related to the Oscan group and is therefore associated with it in the group of Osco-Umbrian languages. Since that classification was first formulated a number of other languages in ancient Italy were discovered to be more closely related to Umbrian. Therefore, a group was devised to contain them, the Umbrian languages.

Nochnoy Dozor (group)
Nochnoy Dozor (Russian: Ночной дозор, Night Watch, Estonian: Öine Vahtkond) is a group of mostly Russophone political activists living in Estonia. It was set up in the summer of 2006, with its original declared goal of defending the Bronze Soldier, a monument grave marker in Tallinn, near the Estonian National Library and next to a trolleybus stop, against "defacing, relocation and exhumation".

Chadic languages
The Chadic languages are a branch of the Afroasiatic language family that is spoken in parts of the Sahel. They include 150 languages spoken across northern Nigeria, southern Niger, southern Chad, Central African Republic and northern Cameroon. The most widely spoken Chadic language is Hausa, a lingua franca of much of inland West Africa.