Question: animals lay eggs mammals

Mammals (class Mammalia /məˈmeɪli.ə/ from Latin mamma "breast") are any members of a clade of endothermic amniotes distinguished from reptiles and birds by the possession of hair, three middle ear bones, mammary glands, and a neocortex (a region of the brain).

Crotophaginae
The Crotophaginae are a small subfamily, within the cuckoo family Cuculidae, of four gregarious bird species occurring in the Americas. They were previously classified as a family Crotophagidae.The subfamily is notable for the development of cooperative breeding where several females lay eggs in a communal nest. It contains the three anis and the guira cuckoo.Among the anis, there is considerable variation in nesting habits. One species, The greater ani C.

Fossil
Fossils (from Classical Latin fossilis; literally, "obtained by digging") are the preserved remains or traces of animals, plants, and other organisms from the remote past.

Pinniped
Pinnipeds (/ˈpɪnəˌpɛdz/), (from Latin pinna fin and pes, pedis foot) commonly known as seals, are a widely distributed and diverse clade of carnivorous, fin-footed, semiaquatic marine mammals. They comprise the extant families Odobenidae (whose only living member is the walrus), Otariidae (the eared seals: sea lions and fur seals), and Phocidae (the earless seals, or true seals). There are 33 extant species of pinnipeds, and more than 50 extinct species have been described from fossils.

Coccyzidae
Coccyzidae is a family of birds comprising 18 new world cuckoos, ranging from Canada to Argentina. The family consists of the genera Coccyzus, Hyetornis, Piaya and Saurothera.Of those whose habits are known, their main diet is insects. They tend to nest in trees and can lay up to 7 eggs (Coccyzus) although Saurothura only lays 2-3. Only one of the family, the Black-billed cuckoo Coccyzus erythropthalmus (Wilson), is known to be a brood parasite.

Eagle
Eagle is a common name for many large birds of prey of the family Accipitridae; it belongs to several groups of genera that are not necessarily closely related to each other.Most of the 60 species of eagles are from Eurasia and Africa. Outside this area, just 14 species can be found – two in North America, nine in Central and South America, and three in Australia.

Walrus
The walrus (Odobenus rosmarus) is a large flippered marine mammal with a discontinuous distribution about the North Pole in the Arctic Ocean and subarctic seas of the Northern Hemisphere. The walrus is the only living species in the Odobenidae family and Odobenus genus. This species is subdivided into three subspecies: the Atlantic walrus (O. r. rosmarus) which lives in the Atlantic Ocean, the Pacific walrus (O. r. divergens) which lives in the Pacific Ocean, and O. r.

Aquaculture
Aquaculture, also known as aquafarming, is the farming of aquatic organisms such as fish, crustaceans, molluscs and aquatic plants. Aquaculture involves cultivating freshwater and saltwater populations under controlled conditions, and can be contrasted with commercial fishing, which is the harvesting of wild fish. Broadly speaking, the relation of aquaculture to finfish and shellfish fisheries is analogous to the relation of agriculture to hunting and gathering.

Human tooth
Human teeth are the teeth (small, calcified, hard, whitish structures) found in the human mouth. They function in mechanically breaking down items of food by cutting and crushing them in preparation for swallowing and digestion. The roots of teeth are embedded in the maxilla (upper jaw) or the mandible (lower jaw) and are covered by gums. Teeth are made of multiple tissues of varying density and hardness.Teeth are among the most distinctive (and long-lasting) features of mammal species.

Polled livestock
Polled livestock are livestock without horns in species which are normally horned. The term refers both to breeds or strains which are naturally polled through selective breeding and also to naturally horned animals which have been dehorned. Natural polling occurs in cattle, yaks, water buffalo and goats, and in these it affects both sexes equally; however in sheep, both sexes may be horned, both polled, or only the females polled.

Quadrupedalism
Quadrupedalism or pronograde posture is a form of terrestrial locomotion in animals using four limbs or legs. An animal or machine that usually moves in a quadrupedal manner is known as a quadruped, meaning "four feet" (from the Latin quad for "four" and ped for "foot").


Question: animals lay eggs mammals

Most mammals are viviparous, giving birth to live young.  However, the five species of monotreme, the platypuses and the echidnas, lay eggs. The monotremes have a sex determination system different from that of most other mammals. In particular, the sex chromosomes of a platypus are more like those of a chicken than those of a therian mammal.The mammary glands of mammals are specialized to produce milk, a liquid used by newborns as their primary source of nutrition.

Dolphin
Dolphins are a widely distributed and diverse group of fully aquatic marine mammals. They are an informal grouping within the order Cetacea, excluding whales and porpoises, so to zoologists the grouping is paraphyletic. The dolphins comprise the extant families Delphinidae (the oceanic dolphins), Platanistidae (the Indian river dolphins), Iniidae (the new world river dolphins), and Pontoporiidae (the brackish dolphins). There are 40 extant species of dolphins.

Crayfish
Crayfish, also known as crawfish, crawdads, freshwater lobsters, or mudbugs, are freshwater crustaceans resembling small lobsters, to which they are related; taxonomically, they are members of the superfamilies Astacoidea and Parastacoidea. They breathe through feather-like gills and are found in bodies of water. Some species are found in brooks and streams where there is fresh water running, while others thrive in swamps, ditches, and rice paddies.

Coccyzidae
Coccyzidae is a family of birds comprising 18 new world cuckoos, ranging from Canada to Argentina. The family consists of the genera Coccyzus, Hyetornis, Piaya and Saurothera.Of those whose habits are known, their main diet is insects. They tend to nest in trees and can lay up to 7 eggs (Coccyzus) although Saurothura only lays 2-3. Only one of the family, the Black-billed cuckoo Coccyzus erythropthalmus (Wilson), is known to be a brood parasite.

Hibernation
Hibernation is a state of inactivity and metabolic depression in endotherms. Hibernation refers to a season of heterothermy that is characterized by low body temperature, slow breathing and heart rate, and low metabolic rate. Although traditionally reserved for "deep" hibernators such as rodents, the term has been redefined to include animals such as bears and is now applied based on active metabolic suppression  rather than based on absolute body temperature decline.

Manatee
Manatees (family Trichechidae, genus Trichechus) are large, fully aquatic, mostly herbivorous marine mammals sometimes known as sea cows. There are three accepted living species of Trichechidae, representing three of the four living species in the order Sirenia: the Amazonian manatee (Trichechus inunguis), the West Indian manatee (Trichechus manatus), and the West African manatee (Trichechus senegalensis).

Babi (mythology)
Babi, also Baba, in ancient Egypt, was the deification of the baboon, one of the animals present in Egypt. His name is usually translated as Bull of the baboons, and roughly means Alpha male of all baboons, i.e. chief of the baboons. Since Baboons exhibit many human characteristics, it was believed in early times, at least since the Predynastic Period, that they were deceased ancestors.

Carnivora
Carnivora (/kɑrˈnɪvɵrə/ or /ˌkɑrnɨˈvɔərə/; from Latin carō (stem carn-) "flesh", + vorāre "to devour") is a diverse order that includes over 280 species of placental mammals. Its members are formally referred to as carnivorans, whereas the word "carnivore" (often popularly applied to members of this group) can refer to any meat-eating organism.

Easter egg
Easter eggs, also called Paschal eggs, are decorated eggs that are often given to celebrate Easter or springtime. As such, Easter eggs are common during the season of Eastertide (Easter season). The oldest tradition is to use dyed and painted chicken eggs, but a modern custom is to substitute chocolate eggs, or plastic eggs filled with confectionery such as jelly beans. Eggs, in general, were a traditional symbol of fertility, and rebirth.

Hybrid (biology)
In biology a hybrid, also known as cross breed, is the result of mixing, through sexual reproduction, two animals or plants of different breeds, varieties, species or genera. Using genetic terminology, it may be defined as follows. Hybrid generally refers to any offspring resulting from the breeding of two genetically distinct individuals, which usually will result in a high degree of heterozygosity, though hybrid and heterozygous are not, strictly speaking, synonymous.

Fox
Foxes are small-to-medium-sized, omnivorous mammals belonging to several genera of the Canidae family. Foxes are slightly smaller than a medium-size domestic dog, with a flattened skull, upright triangular ears, a pointed, slightly upturned snout, and a long bushy tail (or brush).Twelve species belong to the monophyletic group of Vulpes genus of "true foxes".


Question: animals lay eggs mammals

Monotremes are mammals that lay eggs (Prototheria) instead of giving birth to live young like marsupials (Metatheria) and placental mammals (Eutheria). The only surviving examples of monotremes are all indigenous to Australia and New Guinea, although there is evidence that they were once more widespread. The existing monotreme species are the platypus and four species of echidnas (or spiny anteaters).

Continental Giant rabbit
The Continental Giant is a very large breed of rabbit also known as the German Giant.     They were originally bred for meat.  It is recognised by BRC in two categories, coloured and white. It is not a recognised breed by ARBA.  They are said to have descended from the Flemish Giant.   Some are said to be friendly with other animals.  They were first documented in 1893.  The longest rabbit is about 4 feet 4 inches   and the heaviest is 53 lbs.  Their average lifespan is 4-5 years.

Clam
"Clam" is an informal term used to refer to any molluscans within Class Bivalvia.Remains first appeared in Cambrian age rocks 510 million years ago. They presently live in both freshwater and marine habitats, and range in adult size from nearly microscopic to the giant clam, which can weigh 200 kg (440 lb).  Some have life cycles of only one year, while at least one has been discovered that may be over 500 years old.

Scorpion
Scorpions are predatory arthropod animals of the order Scorpiones within the class Arachnida. They have eight legs and are easily recognised by the pair of grasping pedipalps and the narrow, segmented tail, often carried in a characteristic forward curve over the back, ending with a venomous stinger. Scorpions range in size from 9 mm (Typhlochactas mitchelli) to 20 cm (Hadogenes troglodytes).The evolutionary history of scorpions goes back to the Silurian era 430 million years ago.

Butterfly
Butterflies are part of the class of insects in the order Lepidoptera, along with the moths. Adult butterflies have large, often brightly coloured wings, and conspicuous, fluttering flight. The group comprises the large superfamily Papilionoidea, along with two smaller groups, the skippers (superfamily Hesperioidea) and the moth-butterflies (superfamily Hedyloidea). Butterfly fossils date to the Palaeocene, about 56 million years ago.Butterflies have the typical four-stage insect life cycle.

Manatee
Manatees (family Trichechidae, genus Trichechus) are large, fully aquatic, mostly herbivorous marine mammals sometimes known as sea cows. There are three accepted living species of Trichechidae, representing three of the four living species in the order Sirenia: the Amazonian manatee (Trichechus inunguis), the West Indian manatee (Trichechus manatus), and the West African manatee (Trichechus senegalensis).

Elephant and mammoth ivory
Elephant and mammoth tusk ivory comes from  the two modified upper incisors of extant and extinct members of the order Proboscidea. Mammoths have been extinct on mainlands for 10,000 years, and on islands for 4,000 years. Because of the geographical range in Alaska and Siberia, Mammuthus primigenius tusks have been well preserved.

Donkey
The donkey or ass (Equus africanus asinus), is a domesticated member of the horse family, Equidae. The wild ancestor of the donkey is the African wild ass, E. africanus. The donkey has been used as a working animal for at least 5000 years. There are more than 40 million donkeys in the world, mostly in underdeveloped countries, where they are used principally as draught or pack animals. Working donkeys are often associated with those living at or below subsistence levels.

Zoonosis
Zoonoses (/ˌzoʊ.əˈnoʊsɨs/, plural -/ˈnoʊsiz/, also spelled zoönoses; singular zoonosis (or zoönosis); from Greek: ζῷον zoon "animal" and νόσος nosos "ailment") are infectious diseases of animals (usually vertebrates), that can naturally be transmitted to humans.Major modern diseases such as Ebola virus disease and influenza are zoonoses.

Rib
In vertebrate anatomy, ribs (Latin: costae) are the long curved bones which form the rib cage. In most tetrapods, ribs surround the chest, enabling the lungs to expand and thus facilitate breathing by expanding the chest cavity. They serve to protect the lungs, heart, and other internal organs of the thorax. In some animals, especially snakes, ribs may provide support and protection for the entire body.

Rat
Rats are various medium-sized, long-tailed rodents of the superfamily Muroidea. "True rats" are members of the genus Rattus, the most important of which to humans are the black rat, Rattus rattus, and the brown rat, Rattus norvegicus. Many members of other rodent genera and families are also referred to as rats, and share many characteristics with true rats.Rats are typically distinguished from mice by their size.


Question: animals lay eggs mammals

Oviparous animals are animals that lay eggs, with little or no other embryonic development within the mother.

Hair
Hair is a protein filament that grows from follicles found in the dermis, or skin. Hair is one of the defining characteristics of mammals.The human body, apart from areas of glabrous skin, is covered in follicles which produce thick terminal and fine vellus hair. Most common interest in hair is focused on hair growth, hair types and hair care, but hair is also an important biomaterial primarily composed of protein, notably keratin.

Octopus
An octopus (/ˈɒktəpʊs/ or /ˈɒktəpəs/; plural: octopuses, octopi, or octopodes; see below) is a cephalopod mollusc of the order Octopoda. It has two eyes and four pairs of arms and, like other cephalopods, it is bilaterally symmetric. An octopus has a hard beak, with its mouth at the center point of the arms. An octopus has no internal or external skeleton (although some species have a vestigial remnant of a shell inside their mantles, allowing it to squeeze through tight places.

Ammonoidea
Ammonites /ˈæmənaɪts/ are an extinct group of marine mollusc animals in the subclass Ammonoidea of the class Cephalopoda. These molluscs are more closely related to living coleoids (i.e., octopuses, squid, and cuttlefish) than they are to shelled nautiloids such as the living Nautilus species.

Bear
Bears are mammals of the family Ursidae. Bears are classified as caniforms, or doglike carnivorans, with the pinnipeds being their closest living relatives. Although only eight species of bears are extant, they are widespread, appearing in a wide variety of habitats throughout the Northern Hemisphere and partially in the Southern Hemisphere.

Mink enteritis virus
Mink enteritis virus (MEV) is a species of parvovirus that infects mink and causes enteritis. Like all parvoviruses, it is a small (18–26 nm), spherical virus, and has a single-stranded DNA genome. The signs and symptoms of enteritis usually appear within 4–7 days after infection. The virus replicates in the cells of the crypt epithelium in the duodenum and jejunum and, to a lesser extent the ileum, colon and caecum.

Ischnocera
The Ischnocera is a large suborder of lice mostly parasitic on birds but including a large family (the Trichodectidae) parasitic on mammals. The genus  Trichophilopterus is also found on mammals (lemurs) but probably belongs to the "avian Ischnocera" and represents a host switch from birds to mammals. It is a chewing louce (Mallophaga), which feeds on the feathers and skin debris of birds. Many of the avian Ischnocera have evolved an elongated body shape.

Collective noun
In linguistics, a collective noun is a word which refers to a collection of things taken as a whole. Most collective nouns in everyday speech are mundane and are not specific to one specific kind, such as the word "group," which may apply to "people" in the phrase "a group of people," but may also correctly refer to "dogs" in the phrase "a group of dogs". Other collective nouns are specific to one kind, especially terms of venery, which are words for specific groups of animals.

Clam
"Clam" is an informal term used to refer to any molluscans within Class Bivalvia.Remains first appeared in Cambrian age rocks 510 million years ago. They presently live in both freshwater and marine habitats, and range in adult size from nearly microscopic to the giant clam, which can weigh 200 kg (440 lb).  Some have life cycles of only one year, while at least one has been discovered that may be over 500 years old.

Guinea pig
The guinea pig (Cavia porcellus), also called the cavy, is a species of rodent belonging to the family Caviidae and the genus Cavia. Despite their common name, these animals are not in the pig family, nor are they from Guinea. They originated in the Andes, and earlier studies based on biochemistry and hybridization suggested they are domesticated descendants of a closely related species of cavy such as Cavia aperea, C. fulgida, or C. tschudii and, therefore, do not exist naturally in the wild.

Coccyzidae
Coccyzidae is a family of birds comprising 18 new world cuckoos, ranging from Canada to Argentina. The family consists of the genera Coccyzus, Hyetornis, Piaya and Saurothera.Of those whose habits are known, their main diet is insects. They tend to nest in trees and can lay up to 7 eggs (Coccyzus) although Saurothura only lays 2-3. Only one of the family, the Black-billed cuckoo Coccyzus erythropthalmus (Wilson), is known to be a brood parasite.


Question: animals lay eggs mammals

The platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) also known as the duck-billed platypus is a semiaquatic egg-laying mammal endemic to eastern Australia, including Tasmania. Together with the four species of echidna, it is one of the five extant species of monotremes, the only mammals that lay eggs instead of giving birth.

Quadrupedalism
Quadrupedalism or pronograde posture is a form of terrestrial locomotion in animals using four limbs or legs. An animal or machine that usually moves in a quadrupedal manner is known as a quadruped, meaning "four feet" (from the Latin quad for "four" and ped for "foot").

Amblycera
The Amblycera are a large suborder of chewing lice, parasitic on both birds and mammals. The Amblycera are considered the most primitive suborder of lice.

Pearl
A pearl is a hard object produced within the soft tissue (specifically the mantle) of a living shelled mollusk. Just like the shell of a clam, a pearl is composed of calcium carbonate in minute crystalline form, which has been deposited in concentric layers. The ideal pearl is perfectly round and smooth, but many other shapes  (baroque pearls) occur. The finest quality natural pearls have been highly valued as gemstones and objects of beauty for many centuries.

Fauna of Australia
The fauna of Australia consists of a huge variety of animals; some 83% of mammals, 89% of reptiles, 24% of fish and insects and 93% of amphibians that inhabit the continent are endemic to Australia. This high level of endemism can be attributed to the continent's long geographic isolation, tectonic stability, and the effects of an unusual pattern of climate change on the soil and flora over geological time.

Mosquito
Mosquitoes are small, midge-like flies which compose the family Culicidae. Females of most species are ectoparasites, whose tube-like mouthparts (called a proboscis) pierce the hosts' skin to consume blood. The word "mosquito" (formed by mosca and diminutive ito) is Spanish for "little fly".  Thousands of species feed on the blood of various kinds of hosts, mainly vertebrates, including mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and even some kinds of fish.

Epicynodontia
Epicynodontia is a clade of cynodont therapsids that includes most cynodonts, including galesaurids, thrinaxodontids, and Eucynodontia. It was erected as a stem-based taxon by Hopson and Kitching (2001) and defined as the most inclusive clade containing Mammalia and excluding Procynosuchus, a Late Permian genus that is one of the most basal cynodonts.Below is a cladogram from Ruta, Botha-Brink, Mitchell and Benton (2013) showing one hypothesis of cynodont relationships:

Ammonoidea
Ammonites /ˈæmənaɪts/ are an extinct group of marine mollusc animals in the subclass Ammonoidea of the class Cephalopoda. These molluscs are more closely related to living coleoids (i.e., octopuses, squid, and cuttlefish) than they are to shelled nautiloids such as the living Nautilus species.

Shellfish
Shellfish is a culinary and fisheries term for exoskeleton-bearing aquatic invertebrates used as food, including various species of molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms. Although most kinds of shellfish are harvested from saltwater environments, some kinds are found  in freshwater. In addition a few species of land crabs are eaten, for example Cardisoma guanhumi in the Caribbean.Despite the name, shellfish are a kind of fish, but are simply water-dwelling animals.

Otter
Otter is a common name for a carnivorous mammal in the subfamily Lutrinae. The 13 extant otter species are all semiaquatic, aquatic or marine, with diets based on fish and invertebrates. Lutrinae is a branch of the weasel family Mustelidae, which also includes weasels, martens, minks, polecats, Eurasian and American badgers, honey badgers and wolverines.

XY sex-determination system
The XY sex-determination system is the sex-determination system found in humans, most other mammals, some insects (Drosophila), and some plants (Ginkgo). In this system, the sex of an individual is determined by a pair of sex chromosomes (gonosomes). Females have two of the same kind of sex chromosome (XX), and are called the homogametic sex.


Question: animals lay eggs mammals

Prototheria (/ˌproʊtɵˈθɪəriə/; from Greek πρώτος, prōtos, first, + θήρ, thēr, wild animal) is a taxonomic group, or taxon, to which the order Monotremata belongs. It is conventionally ranked as a subclass within the mammals; see Yinotheria § History of classification.Most of the animals in this group are extinct. The egg-laying monotremes are known from fossils of the Cretaceous and Cenozoic periods; they are represented today by the platypus and several species of echidna.

Hagfish
Hagfish, the class Myxini (also known as Hyperotreti), are eel-shaped, slime-producing marine fish (occasionally called slime eels). They are the only known living animals that have a skull but no vertebral column. Along with lampreys, hagfish are jawless and are living fossils; they are basal to vertebrates, and living hagfish remain similar to hagfish from around 300 million years ago.The classification of hagfish has been controversial.

Otter
Otter is a common name for a carnivorous mammal in the subfamily Lutrinae. The 13 extant otter species are all semiaquatic, aquatic or marine, with diets based on fish and invertebrates. Lutrinae is a branch of the weasel family Mustelidae, which also includes weasels, martens, minks, polecats, Eurasian and American badgers, honey badgers and wolverines.

Even-toed ungulate
The even-toed ungulates (order Artiodactyla) are ungulates (hoofed animals) whose weight is borne approximately equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in Odd-toed ungulate (perissodactyls), such as horses.The name Artiodactyla comes from (Greek: ἄρτιος (ártios), "even", and δάκτυλος (dáktylos), "finger/toe"), so the name "even-toed" is a translation of the description.

Guinea pig
The guinea pig (Cavia porcellus), also called the cavy, is a species of rodent belonging to the family Caviidae and the genus Cavia. Despite their common name, these animals are not in the pig family, nor are they from Guinea. They originated in the Andes, and earlier studies based on biochemistry and hybridization suggested they are domesticated descendants of a closely related species of cavy such as Cavia aperea, C. fulgida, or C. tschudii and, therefore, do not exist naturally in the wild.

Bear
Bears are mammals of the family Ursidae. Bears are classified as caniforms, or doglike carnivorans, with the pinnipeds being their closest living relatives. Although only eight species of bears are extant, they are widespread, appearing in a wide variety of habitats throughout the Northern Hemisphere and partially in the Southern Hemisphere.

Babi (mythology)
Babi, also Baba, in ancient Egypt, was the deification of the baboon, one of the animals present in Egypt. His name is usually translated as Bull of the baboons, and roughly means Alpha male of all baboons, i.e. chief of the baboons. Since Baboons exhibit many human characteristics, it was believed in early times, at least since the Predynastic Period, that they were deceased ancestors.

Ecdysis
Ecdysis is the moulting of the cuticle in many invertebrates. This process of moulting is the defining feature of the clade Ecdysozoa, comprising the arthropods, nematodes, velvet worms, horsehair worms, tardigrades, and Cephalorhyncha. Since the cuticle of these animals typically forms a largely inelastic exoskeleton, it is shed during growth and a new, larger covering is formed.

Lagomorpha
The lagomorphs are the members of the taxonomic order Lagomorpha, of which there are two living families: the Leporidae (hares and rabbits) and the Ochotonidae (pikas). The name of the order is derived from the Ancient Greek lagos (λαγώς, "hare") +morphē (μορφή, "form"). There are about eighty-seven species of lagomorph, including about twenty-nine species of pika, twenty-eight species of rabbit and cottontail, and thirty species of hare.

Testosterone
Testosterone is a steroid hormone from the androgen group and is found in humans and other vertebrates. In humans and other mammals, testosterone is secreted primarily by the testicles of males and, to a lesser extent, the ovaries of females. Small amounts are also secreted by the adrenal glands.

Megatherium
Megatherium (/mɛɡəˈθɪəriəm/ meg-ə-THEER-ee-əm from the Greek mega [μέγας], meaning "great", and therion [θηρίον], "beast") was a genus of elephant-sized ground sloths endemic to South America that lived from the late Pliocene through the end of the Pleistocene. Its size was exceeded by only a few other land mammals, including mammoths and Paraceratherium.


Question: animals lay eggs mammals

Teinolophos trusleri was a prehistoric species of monotreme, or egg-laying mammal. It is known from a lower jawbone found in Flat Rocks, Victoria, Australia. It lived during the Aptian age of the Lower Cretaceous.  It is the earliest known relative of the Platypus.The species name honours the artist Peter Trusler. The genus name, Teinolophos, means 'extended ridge', a reference to its tooth structure.Originally, Teinolophos was thought to be a eupanthothere.

Walrus
The walrus (Odobenus rosmarus) is a large flippered marine mammal with a discontinuous distribution about the North Pole in the Arctic Ocean and subarctic seas of the Northern Hemisphere. The walrus is the only living species in the Odobenidae family and Odobenus genus. This species is subdivided into three subspecies: the Atlantic walrus (O. r. rosmarus) which lives in the Atlantic Ocean, the Pacific walrus (O. r. divergens) which lives in the Pacific Ocean, and O. r.

Quadrupedalism
Quadrupedalism or pronograde posture is a form of terrestrial locomotion in animals using four limbs or legs. An animal or machine that usually moves in a quadrupedal manner is known as a quadruped, meaning "four feet" (from the Latin quad for "four" and ped for "foot").

Mammoth Resource Partners
Mammoth Resource Partners, incorporated, is a private company specializing in oil and natural gas exploration in the Appalachian Basin of the United States.  Mammoth Resource Partners, Inc. is majority owned by chief executive officer and founder Dr. Roger L. Cory. Dr. Cory is assisted in the day-to-day management of the company by president and chief operating officer Daniel R. Northcutt.  Its litigation problems began almost immediately with the following agreed order.

Farmkids
Farmkids (styled as FARMkids) is an Australian computer-animated comedy television series about pampered zoo animals accidentally being shipped to a dude ranch. 13 episodes aired in Series 1 and another 13 in  Series 2.

Duck
Duck is the common name for a large number of species in the Anatidae family of birds which also includes swans and geese. The ducks are divided among several subfamilies in the Anatidae family; they do not represent a monophyletic group (the group of all descendants of a single common ancestral species) but a form taxon, since swans and geese are not considered ducks.

Nail matrix
The nail matrix is the formative layer of cells at the base of the fingernail or toenail. This tissue consists of rapidly dividing skin cells that soon fill with the protein keratin. The matrix of finger nails consists of the most rapidly dividing skin cells in the body, which grow  four times faster than toenails at a rate of about 3 mm a month.

Fox
Foxes are small-to-medium-sized, omnivorous mammals belonging to several genera of the Canidae family. Foxes are slightly smaller than a medium-size domestic dog, with a flattened skull, upright triangular ears, a pointed, slightly upturned snout, and a long bushy tail (or brush).Twelve species belong to the monophyletic group of Vulpes genus of "true foxes".

Xenarthra
The superorder Xenarthra is a group of placental mammals, extant today only in the Americas and represented by anteaters, tree sloths, and armadillos. The origins of the order can be traced as far back as the Paleocene, as early as 59 million years ago in South America. Xenarthrans developed and diversified extensively in South America during its long period of isolation.

Vermes
Vermes "\worms") is an obsolete taxon used by Carolus Linnaeus for all non-arthropod invertebrate animals. In Linnaeus system the group had the rank of class, occupying the 6th (and last) slot of his animal systematics. The class was divided into the following orders: Intestina Mollusca Testacea Lithophyta ZoophytaApart from the Mollusca (molluscs), Linnaeus included a very diverse and rather mismatched assemblage of animals in the categories.

Even-toed ungulate
The even-toed ungulates (order Artiodactyla) are ungulates (hoofed animals) whose weight is borne approximately equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in Odd-toed ungulate (perissodactyls), such as horses.The name Artiodactyla comes from (Greek: ἄρτιος (ártios), "even", and δάκτυλος (dáktylos), "finger/toe"), so the name "even-toed" is a translation of the description.


Question: Operating systems to which Steve Jobs related

A/UX is Apple Computer’s implementation of the Unix operating system for some of their Macintosh computers. A/UX requires a 68k-based Macintosh with an FPU and a paged memory management unit (PMMU), and various versions run on the Macintosh II, SE/30, Quadra and Centris series of machines.

IBM System/360 Model 30
The IBM System/360 Model 30 was a popular IBM mainframe announced in 1964 across the world as the then least powerful of the System/360s – the first line of computers in the world to allow machine language programs to be written that could be used across a broad range of compatible sizes.

Elephant Memory Systems
Elephant Memory Systems (EMS) was a popular brand of floppy disk media produced by Leading Edge in the 1980s.  The name for the product was suggested by Ray Welch to company owner Michael Shane because of the common folk wisdom that an elephant never forgets.The brand was originally devised as an inexpensive, mass-market product.

Computer Security Institute
The Computer Security Institute (CSI) was a professional membership organization serving practitioners of information, network, and computer-enabled physical security, from the level of system administrator to the chief information security officer. It was founded in 1974.CSI used to conduct two conferences per year — the Annual Computer Security Conference and Exhibition and CSI SX.

Callan Data Systems
Callan Data Systems Inc., from 1980 to 1985 was an innovative but short-lived computer manufacturer, named after its founder, David Callan, and located in Westlake Village, California, USA.  The are chiefly known for their pioneering Unistar range of UNIX workstations.

Business system planning
Business system planning (BSP) is a method of analyzing, defining and designing the information architecture of organizations. It was introduced by IBM for internal use only in 1981, although initial work on BSP began during the early 1970s. BSP was later sold to organizations.

Stephen Warshall
Stephen Warshall (November 15, 1935 – December 11, 2006) was born in New York City. During his career, Warshall carried out research and development in operating systems, compiler design, language design, and operations research. Warshall died on December 11, 2006 of cancer at his home in Gloucester, Massachusetts. He is survived by his wife, Sarah Dunlap, and two children, Andrew D. Warshall and Sophia V. Z. Warshall.

JDK Enhancement Proposal
The JDK Enhancement Proposal (or JEP) is a process drafted by Oracle Corporation for collecting proposals for enhancements to the Java Development Kit and OpenJDK.In the words of Oracle, the JEP serve as the long-term Roadmap for JDK Release Projects and related efforts.

Integrated Software Dependent System
Integrated Software Dependent Systems (ISDS) is an offshore standard (DNV-OS-D203) and recommended practice guideline (DNV-RP-D201) covering systems and software verifications and classification of any integrated system that utilizes extensive software control.  The ISDS Recommended Practice (DNV-RP-D201) was launched in 2008 by Det Norske Veritas (DNV), the Norwegian classification society.

Gnulib
Gnulib, also called the GNU portability library, is a collection of software subroutines which are designed to be usable on many operating systems. The goal of the project is to make it easy for free software authors to make their software run on many operating systems.

Eudora OSE
Eudora OSE (Open Source Edition), formerly codenamed Penelope, is an extension for the Mozilla Thunderbird email client software implementing some features of Eudora.


Question: Operating systems to which Steve Jobs related

Apple DOS was the family of disk operating systems for the Apple II series of microcomputers from late 1978 through early 1983. Apple DOS had three major releases: DOS 3.1, DOS 3.2, and DOS 3.3; each one of these three releases was followed by a second, minor "bug-fix" release, but only in the case of Apple DOS 3.2 did that minor release receive its own version number, Apple DOS 3.2.1. The best-known and most-used version was Apple DOS 3.3 in the 1980 and 1983 releases.

Olivetti M24
The Olivetti M24 was a computer sold by Olivetti in 1983 using the Intel 8086 CPU.The system was sold in the United States under its original name by Docutel/Olivetti of Dallas. AT&T and Xerox bought rights to rebadge the system as the AT&T 6300 and the Xerox 6060 series, respectively. (AT&T owned 25% of Olivetti around this time.) The AT&T 6300, launched in June 1984, was AT&T's first attempt to compete in the PC compatible market.

List of Unix systems
Each version of the UNIX Time-Sharing System evolved from the version before, with version one evolving from the prototypal Unix. Not all variants and descendants are displayed.

Cambridge Scientific Center
The IBM Cambridge Scientific Center was a company research laboratory established in February 1964 in Cambridge, Massachusetts.  Situated at 545 Technology Square (Tech Square), in the same building as MIT's Project MAC, it was later renamed the IBM Scientific Center.  It is most notable for creating the CP-40 and CP/CMS control program portions of CP/CMS, a virtual machine operating system developed for the IBM System/360-67.

Stand-alone server
In the context of a Microsoft Windows computer network, a stand-alone server is a server that does not belong to or govern a  Windows domain; the server may, however, belong to a workgroup (a peer-to-peer network of Microsoft Windows computers).This definition could also apply to any non-virtualized singular instance operating system running on dedicated hardware, usually rack mounted.

OpenUsability
OpenUsability is a project to help usability experts coordinate with open source software projects to improve the software's interaction and usability. They have worked with projects such as GIMP and KDE.

KPhotoAlbum
KPhotoAlbum (previously known as KimDaBa) is an image viewer  and organizer for Unix-like systems created and maintained by Jesper K. Pedersen. The core philosophy behind its creation was that it should be easy for users to annotate images and videos taken with a digital camera. Users can search for images based on those annotations (also called categories) and use the results in a variety of ways.

Scott Knaster
Scott Knaster is an American technical writer who has written many books, mostly dealing with Macintosh programming and using the Macintosh.  He has worked for such companies as Apple Inc., General Magic, Microsoft, Danger Inc., and Google.Knaster is a Technical Writer on the Google Fiber team.

NetworKing
NetworKing is an educational simulation computer game by NASA for Mac OS X, Microsoft Windows and web browsers with the Unity plug-in released in 2011. In NetworKing the player assumes the role of a satellite manager responsible for growing the communications network.

T-Platforms
T-Platforms is a Russian supercomputer company.Founded in 2002, T-Platforms Group is headquartered in Moscow, Russia with regional offices in Hanover, Germany and Taipei, Taiwan. The company has implemented more than 300 integrated projects, six of which were included in the Top500 list of the world’s most powerful supercomputers. T-Platforms owns patents on a number of supercomputer technologies and electronic components.

Boot File System
The Boot File System (Named BFS on Linux, but BFS also refers to the Be File System) was used on UnixWare to store files necessary to its boot process.It does not support directories, and only allows contiguous allocation for files, to make it simpler to be used by the boot loader.


Question: Operating systems to which Steve Jobs related

The Apple II (styled as apple ][)  is an 8-bit home computer, one of the first highly successful mass-produced microcomputer products, designed primarily by Steve Wozniak (Steve Jobs oversaw the development of the Apple II's unusual case  and Rod Holt developed the unique power supply). It was introduced in 1977 at the West Coast Computer Faire by Jobs and was the first consumer product sold by Apple Computer.

Concurrent Euclid
Concurrent Euclid (ConEuc) is a concurrent descendant of the Euclid programming language designed by James Cordy and Ric Holt, then at the University of Toronto, in 1980.  ConEuc was designed for concurrent, high performance, highly reliable system software, such as operating systems, compilers and embedded microprocessor systems. The TUNIS operating system, a Unix variant, was implemented entirely in Concurrent Euclid.

Graphmatica
Graphmatica is a graphing program created by Keith Hertzer, a graduate of the University of California, Berkeley.  It runs on Microsoft Windows (all versions), Mac OS X 10.5 and higher, and iOS 5.0 and higher.Graphmatica for Windows and Macs is distributed free of charge for evaluation purposes.  After one month, non-commercial users are asked to pay a $25 licensing fee.  Other licensing plans are available for commercial users.Graphmatica for iOS is distributed via the Apple App Store.

Entrepreneur Walk of Fame
The Entrepreneur Walk of Fame was established to recognize the positive impact of entrepreneurs on job creation and technological progress. Seven honorees were unveiled in the inaugural year. These were Bill Gates, Bill Hewlett, Bob Swanson, David Packard, Mitch Kapor, Steve Jobs, and Thomas Edison.New honorees will be unveiled each year in the fall.The stars are located near the outbound Kendall Square MBTA Red Line stop in Cambridge, MA.

William J. J. Gordon
William J. J. Gordon (September 9, 1919 – June 30, 2003) was an inventor and psychologist. He is recognized as the creator of a problem solving approach called synectics, which he developed while working in the Invention Design Group of Arthur D. Little.Gordon also held numerous United States patents for various products and services, including a rotatable multiple tool support unit (No. 2,743,746 – May 1, 1956), a catamenail device (No. 2,879,769 – March 31, 1959), an impact tool (No.

NovaThor
NovaThor was a platform consisting of integrated System on Chips (SoC) and modems for smartphones and tablets developed by ST-Ericsson, a 50/50 joint venture of Ericsson and STMicroelectronics established on February 3, 2009. ST-Ericsson also sold the SoCs (Nova) and the modems (Thor) separately. The application processor portion of the system was the successor of the previous Nomadik line from STMicroelectronics.

Perian
Perian was an open source QuickTime component that enabled Apple Inc.’s QuickTime to play several popular video formats not supported natively by QuickTime on Mac OS X. It was a joint development of several earlier open source components based on the multiplatform FFmpeg project's libavcodec and libavformat, as well as liba52 and libmatroska.It has been featured as the "Download of the Day" on Lifehacker, as well as on several popular blogs includingArs Technica andThe Unofficial Apple Weblog.

Oprah Prime
Oprah Prime (formerly Oprah's Next Chapter) is an American prime-time television show hosted and produced by Oprah Winfrey, airing on Oprah Winfrey Network. The series premiered on Sunday January 1, 2012 at 9/8c, with a two-part episode featuring Aerosmith frontman Steven Tyler. The third season brings a new series title, Oprah Prime, and premiered on March 9, 2014.

Intuition (Amiga)
Intuition is the native windowing system and user interface (UI) engine of AmigaOS. It was developed almost entirely by RJ Mical. Intuition should not be confused with Workbench, the AmigaOS spatial file manager, which relies on Intuition for handling windows and input events.Intuition is the internal widget and graphics system.

Boot File System
The Boot File System (Named BFS on Linux, but BFS also refers to the Be File System) was used on UnixWare to store files necessary to its boot process.It does not support directories, and only allows contiguous allocation for files, to make it simpler to be used by the boot loader.

Dell Adamo
Adamo (Latin for "To fall in love with") is a Dell subnotebook focused on design and mobility. A notebook prototype was unveiled at the Consumer Electronics Show on January 9, 2009. Dell also claimed it is the "world's thinnest laptop", at 0.65 inches thick.


Question: Operating systems to which Steve Jobs related

Apple Inc. (commonly known as Apple) is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California, that designs, develops, and sells consumer electronics, computer software, and online services. Its best-known hardware products are the iPhone (a smartphone, and the biggest selling product of all time), the iPad (a tablet computer), Macintosh (commonly known as Mac) personal computers, the iPod (a portable media player),  and the Apple Watch (a smartwatch).

Falcon (rocket family)
The Falcon rocket family is a set of launch vehicles developed and operated by Space Exploration Technologies (SpaceX). They are the first orbital launch vehicles to be entirely designed in the 21st century.The vehicles in this family include the flight-tested Falcon 1 and Falcon 9. The Falcon 1 made its first successful flight on 28 September 2008, after several failures on the initial attempts.

Steven Paul Rudolph
Steven Paul Rudolph is an American educator, author and public speaker based in India. He is the proponent of a novel concept in education called Multiple Natures, which is a psychological framework that helps in understanding people’s natures and personality traits that result in particular behavioral patterns, specifically related to learning and work.Rudolph is the co-founder and Educational Director of Jiva Institute in Faridabad.

Systems of Survival
Systems of Survival: A Dialogue on the Moral Foundations of Commerce and Politics, written by Jane Jacobs in 1992, describes two fundamental and distinct ethical systems, or syndromes as she calls them, that of the Guardian and that of Commerce. They supply direction for the conduct of human life within societies.  Understanding the tension between them can help us with public policy and personal choices.

Pocket (application)
Pocket, previously known as Read It Later, is an application and service for managing a reading list of articles from the Internet. It is available for OS X, Windows, iOS, Android, Windows Phone, BlackBerry, Kobo eReaders, and web browsers. The application was originally intended only for desktop computers.

NetObjects Fusion
NetObjects Fusion (NOF) is a web design tool, from 1996 to 2001 developed and distributed by NetObjects, Inc., marketed from 2001 until 2009 by Web.com (former called Website Pros), which acquired the application in 2001, and from July 2009 on distributed again by the re-established NetObjects, Inc.NetObjects Fusion has a graphical user interface and generates HTML or (since release 11) XHTML through its own proprietary database.

SIO (software)
SIO is a serial port driver package for OS/2 written by Raymond L. Gwinn. It is designed to not only improve performance over OS/2's default serial drivers, but also improve compatibility. SIO contains a virtualized FOSSIL (VX00) driver that can be loaded to provide FOSSIL support to DOS based communications software.

SWITCH Information Technology Services
SWITCH is the manager of the .ch and .li country-code top-level domains for Switzerland and Liechtenstein, respectively. As the Swiss national research and education network organisation, SWITCH also manages the educational networks among Swiss universities and research facilities, and the links to other (non Swiss) university networks. It also mirrors open source software (including several distributions of Linux, e.g. (K)Ubuntu).

IBM System/360 Model 30
The IBM System/360 Model 30 was a popular IBM mainframe announced in 1964 across the world as the then least powerful of the System/360s – the first line of computers in the world to allow machine language programs to be written that could be used across a broad range of compatible sizes.

Phasor (sound synthesizer)
Phasor is a stereo music, sound and speech synthesizer created by Applied Engineering for the Apple II family of computers.  Consisting of a sound card and a set of related software, the Phasor system was designed to be compatible with most software written for other contemporary Apple II cards, including the Mockingboard, ALF's Apple Music Synthesizer, Echo+ and Super Music Synthesizer.

BitsDuJour
BitsDuJour is a website that promotes desktop software through daily deals marketing methods.  The website promotes Macintosh and Windows software applications that are discounted through use of a coupon code which allows purchase of the software application directly from the software developer's website. Promotions typically last twenty four hours, although the promotions may be extended for an additional twenty four hours.


Question: Operating systems to which Steve Jobs related

The Lisa is a personal computer designed by Apple Computer, Inc. during the early 1980s. It was the first personal computer to offer a graphical user interface in a machine aimed at individual business users. Development of the Lisa began in 1978. The Lisa sold poorly, with only 100,000 units sold.In 1982, after Steve Jobs was forced out of the Lisa project, he joined the Macintosh project.

System Center Mobile Device Manager
System Center Mobile Device Manager is a Mobile device management (MDM) solution providing over-the-air (OTA) management of Windows Mobile Smartphone security, applications and settings. System Center Mobile Device Manager supports devices running the Windows Mobile 6.1 and above operating system.Important: Mainstream support for System Center Mobile Device Manager 2008 ended on July 9, 2013, and extended support ends on July 10, 2018.

Computer network operations
Computer Network Operations (CNO) is a broad term that has both military and civilian application. Conventional wisdom is that information is power, and more and more of the information necessary to make decisions is digitized and conveyed over an ever expanding network of computers and other electronic devices.

New Horizons Computer Learning Centers
New Horizons Computer Learning Centers is the world's largest independent IT  training company with over 300 locations in 70 countries. New Horizons Computer Learning Centers, Inc. is a subsidiary of New Horizons Worldwide, Inc.  New Horizons operates as a franchise model to support the worldwide expansion of their training centers.New Horizons provides instruction in the use of personal computers, computer software and business skills.

Notational Velocity
Notational Velocity is a computer program for Mac OS X used for notetaking. It allows users to create notes using solely a computer keyboard and search them using incremental find. Other features include database encryption, basic text formatting, tags and spellcheck. In addition, users can synchronize notes with Simplenote and export to a variety of formats, including plain text, HTML and rich text.

JED (text editor)
JED is a text editor that makes extensive use of the S-Lang library. It is highly cross-platform compatible; JED runs on Windows and all flavors on Linux and Unix. Older versions are available for DOS. It is also very lightweight (meaning very parsimonious in its use of system resources), which makes it an ideal editor for older systems, embedded systems, etc. JED's Emacs mode is one of the most faithful emulations available.

User control
Systems are operated by controls, such as buttons, mice, switches, levers, dials, etc.

Systems of Survival
Systems of Survival: A Dialogue on the Moral Foundations of Commerce and Politics, written by Jane Jacobs in 1992, describes two fundamental and distinct ethical systems, or syndromes as she calls them, that of the Guardian and that of Commerce. They supply direction for the conduct of human life within societies.  Understanding the tension between them can help us with public policy and personal choices.

Transarc
Transarc Corporation was a private Pittsburgh-based software company founded in 1989 by Jeffrey Eppinger, Michael L. Kazar,  Alfred Spector, and Dean Thompson of Carnegie Mellon University.  It commercialized the Andrew File System (AFS) that was originally developed at Carnegie Mellon.As a member of The Open Group, Transarc also developed the DFS distributed filesystem component of the Distributed Computing Environment (DCE) that was sold by Open Group members (including Transarc).

Mark Paul Deren
Mark Paul Deren (born June 23, 1980), more commonly known as MADSTEEZ, is an artist and designer based in California.His visual style has attracted clients such as Nike, Inc., Target Corporation, Red Bull, Boost Mobile, Honda, Boosted, Volkswagen, MCA Records, Interscope Records, Stüssy, Evisu, Ben Sherman, Capita Snowboards, Armada Skis, Rusty, Salomon, Lemonade Magazine, Wallin Surfboards, ActivEmpire, ActionSports Group, So Sweet Records, 411VM, Palace 5ive, and Bl!SSS Magazine.As an artist, he has held solo exhibitions in New York City, Los Angeles, and Tokyo.

Coscheduling
Coscheduling is the principle for concurrent systems of scheduling related processes to run on different processors at the same time (in parallel). There are various specific implementations to realize this.If an application consists of a collection of processes working closely together, and if some but not all of the processes are scheduled for execution, the executing processes may attempt to communicate with those that are not executing, which will cause them to block.


Question: Operating systems to which Steve Jobs related

Copland was a project at Apple Computer to create an updated version of the Macintosh operating system. It was to have introduced protected memory, preemptive multitasking and a number of new underlying operating system features, yet still be compatible with existing Mac software.

Computer network operations
Computer Network Operations (CNO) is a broad term that has both military and civilian application. Conventional wisdom is that information is power, and more and more of the information necessary to make decisions is digitized and conveyed over an ever expanding network of computers and other electronic devices.

MSConfig
MSConfig (officially called System Configuration in Windows Vista, Windows 7 and Windows 8 or Microsoft System Configuration Utility in previous operating systems) is a system utility to troubleshoot the Microsoft Windows startup process. It can disable or re-enable software, device drivers and Windows services that run at startup, or change boot parameters.It is bundled with all versions of Microsoft Windows operating systems since Windows 98 except Windows 2000.

Steel (web browser)
Steel is a freeware web browser developed by Michael Kolb under the name kolbysoft. It is a fork of the default browser for Android, taking its WebKit-based layout engine and providing what is intended to be an easier and more "touch friendly" user interface.Steel was one of the first Android applications to support automatic rotation based on the hardware's accelerometer and a virtual keyboard.

Transarc
Transarc Corporation was a private Pittsburgh-based software company founded in 1989 by Jeffrey Eppinger, Michael L. Kazar,  Alfred Spector, and Dean Thompson of Carnegie Mellon University.  It commercialized the Andrew File System (AFS) that was originally developed at Carnegie Mellon.As a member of The Open Group, Transarc also developed the DFS distributed filesystem component of the Distributed Computing Environment (DCE) that was sold by Open Group members (including Transarc).

Stand-alone server
In the context of a Microsoft Windows computer network, a stand-alone server is a server that does not belong to or govern a  Windows domain; the server may, however, belong to a workgroup (a peer-to-peer network of Microsoft Windows computers).This definition could also apply to any non-virtualized singular instance operating system running on dedicated hardware, usually rack mounted.

Silicon Grail
Silicon Grail was once a company developing compositing software for filmmakers and post-production professionals. Its main products were Chalice and RAYZ, both high-end compositing applications. The company was acquired by Apple in 2002.

Business system planning
Business system planning (BSP) is a method of analyzing, defining and designing the information architecture of organizations. It was introduced by IBM for internal use only in 1981, although initial work on BSP began during the early 1970s. BSP was later sold to organizations.

SIO (software)
SIO is a serial port driver package for OS/2 written by Raymond L. Gwinn. It is designed to not only improve performance over OS/2's default serial drivers, but also improve compatibility. SIO contains a virtualized FOSSIL (VX00) driver that can be loaded to provide FOSSIL support to DOS based communications software.

Concurrent Euclid
Concurrent Euclid (ConEuc) is a concurrent descendant of the Euclid programming language designed by James Cordy and Ric Holt, then at the University of Toronto, in 1980.  ConEuc was designed for concurrent, high performance, highly reliable system software, such as operating systems, compilers and embedded microprocessor systems. The TUNIS operating system, a Unix variant, was implemented entirely in Concurrent Euclid.

TaskJuggler
TaskJuggler is GPL-licensed (free software) project management software that runs under the Linux and Unix operating systems and is programmed in C++  using the Qt toolkit and KDE libraries.  The TaskJuggler Project was started in 2001 by Chris Schläger. Early releases provided a command line tool that generated HTML reports. From August 2005 to July 2010, the package also provided a graphical user interface based on the KDE libraries.TaskJuggler III was released on 5 July 2010.


Question: Operating systems to which Steve Jobs related

On January 24, 1984, Apple ComputerInc. (now Apple Inc.) introduced the Macintosh personal computer, later retroactively renamed to the Macintosh 128K model. The operating system of early Macintosh is named "System Software" or "System", and its ensuing series was later renamed to Mac OS after System 7.

List of SRI International spin-offs
This is a list of spin-offs from SRI International. SRI International (SRI), previously known as Stanford Research Institute, is a research and innovation center. To bring its breakthroughs to the marketplace, SRI licenses technology and works with investment and venture capital firms to launch a wide variety of ventures. SRI has launched more than 60 spin-off ventures; this includes four public companies with combined market capitalizations exceeding $20 billion

SWITCH Information Technology Services
SWITCH is the manager of the .ch and .li country-code top-level domains for Switzerland and Liechtenstein, respectively. As the Swiss national research and education network organisation, SWITCH also manages the educational networks among Swiss universities and research facilities, and the links to other (non Swiss) university networks. It also mirrors open source software (including several distributions of Linux, e.g. (K)Ubuntu).

Boot File System
The Boot File System (Named BFS on Linux, but BFS also refers to the Be File System) was used on UnixWare to store files necessary to its boot process.It does not support directories, and only allows contiguous allocation for files, to make it simpler to be used by the boot loader.

X-Note
X-Note is a visual novel video game based on Adobe Flash, therefore it can be played on multiple platforms such as Windows, Linux and Mac OS. The game was developed and published by Zeiva Inc and was released on March 8, 2011. The game contains mystery, romance, and supernatural elements. An updated version, X-Note 2.0, was released on March 9, 2012. The game was released on Steam on January 17, 2015.

Stand-alone server
In the context of a Microsoft Windows computer network, a stand-alone server is a server that does not belong to or govern a  Windows domain; the server may, however, belong to a workgroup (a peer-to-peer network of Microsoft Windows computers).This definition could also apply to any non-virtualized singular instance operating system running on dedicated hardware, usually rack mounted.

List of fictional Microsoft companies
Microsoft uses a variety of fictional companies in the documentation and training material for its products.  Microsoft documentation and learning materials often contain fictional scenarios and descriptions of how their products can be deployed and used in these scenarios.  Many of these companies are used in such examples.  Some of the fictional companies have associated websites, almost all of which redirect to Microsoft.com.

OSI Systems
OSI Systems, Inc. is a worldwide company based in California that develops and markets security and inspection systems such as airport security X-ray machines and metal detectors, medical monitoring and anesthesia systems, and optoelectronic devices.  As of June 2010, the company employs approximately 3,180 personnel globally and includes subsidiary companies Spacelabs Healthcare, Rapiscan Systems and OSI Optoelectronics.

PSXLinux
PSXLinux (also known as Runix) is a Linux kernel and development kit for the PlayStation (MIPS-NOMMU). PSXLinux is based on the μClinux 2.4.x kernel and contains specific support for the Sony PlayStation.

Windows Fax and Scan
Windows Fax and Scan is an integrated faxing and scanning application included in some versions of the Windows Vista operating system and all versions of Windows 7, Windows 8 and Windows 10. Windows XP includes Fax Console instead. The software is not compatible with T.38 technology and cannot be used for internet faxes.

Neil (software)
Neil Modular Tracker is a Free Software project to create a functional Jeskola Buzz clone for Linux, based on an earlier, currently unmaintained program called Aldrin. Maintained by Vytautas Jančauskas, it has ongoing activity as of 2011. The name is a wordplay on Buzz Aldrin and Neil Armstrong.The program is written in C++ and utilizes a Python-controlled interface. A Python module chooser is included.


Question: Operating systems to which Steve Jobs related

iOS (originally iPhone OS) is a mobile operating system created and developed by Apple Inc. and distributed exclusively for Apple hardware.

AOL OpenRide
AOL OpenRide was an Internet application suite made by AOL that combined e-mail, instant-messaging, a web browser and a media player in one window. Anyone could download it for free, but to make maximum use of the software, an AOL or AIM screenname is necessary.

GNU Solfege
GNU Solfege is an ear training program written in Python intended to help musicians improve their skills and knowledge. It is free software and part of the GNU Project.GNU Solfege is available for GNU/Linux, Windows, and OS X.

Stephen Warshall
Stephen Warshall (November 15, 1935 – December 11, 2006) was born in New York City. During his career, Warshall carried out research and development in operating systems, compiler design, language design, and operations research. Warshall died on December 11, 2006 of cancer at his home in Gloucester, Massachusetts. He is survived by his wife, Sarah Dunlap, and two children, Andrew D. Warshall and Sophia V. Z. Warshall.

List of Call of Duty media
This is a list of media related to the Call of Duty video game series. The series includes 14 video games released across multiple consoles since 2003, including Microsoft Windows/OS X-based PCs, Nintendo DS, Nintendo GameCube, PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, PlayStation Portable, PlayStation Vita, Wii, Wii U, Xbox, Xbox 360, Xbox One, PSP, and Gamecube.

BigFix Inc
BigFix, Inc., was an American company focusing on reducing the cost and complexity of managing networked desktop, mobile, and server computers.

SD Times
Software Development Times, better known as SD Times, is a magazine published by BZ Media, in both a print version and an on-line electronic edition. It has been published since 2000. Since 2003, it has published an annual award list, the "SD Times 100", which honors the top 100 leaders and innovators in the software development industry, as judged by SD Times' editors.Starting in January 2011, SD Times switched from a bi-monthly to monthly circulation.

Xbox 360 applications
Xbox 360 applications are non-game software applications designed to run on the Xbox 360 platform. Xbox 360 applications can either be stored on the console's hard disk drive or on a USB flash drive. Often, an Xbox Live Gold membership is also required to access some applications, as well as subscriptions correspondent to the applications. Some of these applications are country specific.

NetShade
NetShade is an app for Mac OS X and iOS which provides access to anonymous proxy and VPN servers. These servers include public HTTP/HTTPS proxies, as well as Rayner Software's own subscription-based proxies. NetShade's VPN servers run IPSec, and the proxy servers act using the HTTP/HTTPS web proxy standard.

NovaThor
NovaThor was a platform consisting of integrated System on Chips (SoC) and modems for smartphones and tablets developed by ST-Ericsson, a 50/50 joint venture of Ericsson and STMicroelectronics established on February 3, 2009. ST-Ericsson also sold the SoCs (Nova) and the modems (Thor) separately. The application processor portion of the system was the successor of the previous Nomadik line from STMicroelectronics.

The Scripter's Scrapbook
The Scripter's Scrapbook is a 32-bit cross-platform personal reference library and code repository, developed  and maintained by The Flexible Learning Company for Mac OS X and Microsoft Windows.


Question: Operating systems to which Steve Jobs related

Interface Builder is a software development application for Apple's Mac OS X operating system. It is part of Xcode (formerly Project Builder), the Apple Developer Connection developer's toolset. Interface Builder allows Cocoa and Carbon developers to create interfaces for applications using a graphical user interface.

Perian
Perian was an open source QuickTime component that enabled Apple Inc.’s QuickTime to play several popular video formats not supported natively by QuickTime on Mac OS X. It was a joint development of several earlier open source components based on the multiplatform FFmpeg project's libavcodec and libavformat, as well as liba52 and libmatroska.It has been featured as the "Download of the Day" on Lifehacker, as well as on several popular blogs includingArs Technica andThe Unofficial Apple Weblog.

Apple Daisy Wheel Printer
The Apple Daisy Wheel Printer is a daisy wheel printer manufactured and sold by Apple, Inc.  It utilized the ASCII command set and fed via continuous form paper.

Kitchen Table International
Kitchen Table International was a fictitious computer company created as a faux amalgam of Radio Shack, Apple Inc., Commodore Business Machines, and other organizations of the time, and was the subject of one of the earliest regular computer humor columns, appearing in Wayne Green’s 80 Micro magazine from January 1980 through July, 1983.  Invented by computer journalist David D.

PIER Systems
PIER Systems, Inc. is a company that develops and supports an on-demand, web-based, communications software called The PIER System. Their product is designed for information management, crisis communications, business continuity, disaster recovery, public relations, mass notification, news monitoring, press release distribution and the management of documents, contacts, inquiries, and media.

JModelica.org
JModelica.org is a free and open source platform based on the Modelica modeling language for modeling, simulation, optimization and analysis of complex dynamic systems. The platform is maintained and developed by Modelon AB in collaboration with academic and industrial institutions, notably Lund University and the Lund Center for Control of Complex Systems (LCCC).

MATE (software)
MATE (/ˈmɑːteɪ/; Spanish pronunciation: [ˈmate]) is a desktop environment forked from the now-unmaintained code base of GNOME 2. It is named after the South American plant Yerba mate and tea made from the herb, mate. The use of a new name, instead of GNOME, avoids conflicts with GNOME 3 components.

CB UNIX
Columbus UNIX, or CB UNIX, was a variant of the UNIX operating system used internally at Bell Labs for administrative databases and transaction processing. It was developed at the Columbus, Ohio branch, based on Unix V6, V7 and PWB. It was little-known outside the company.CB UNIX was developed to address deficiencies inherent in Research Unix, notably the lack of interprocess communication (IPC) and file locking, considered essential for a database management system.

APC III
The APC III (Advanced Personal Computer) was released by NEC in 1983. An English-speaking market rebrand of the Japanese NEC PC-9801, the APC III was based upon the Intel 8086 processor, with superior specifications to the IBM PC. The computer was well designed from the ground up, and boasted exceptional reliability. It was advertised to business users.

TaskJuggler
TaskJuggler is GPL-licensed (free software) project management software that runs under the Linux and Unix operating systems and is programmed in C++  using the Qt toolkit and KDE libraries.  The TaskJuggler Project was started in 2001 by Chris Schläger. Early releases provided a command line tool that generated HTML reports. From August 2005 to July 2010, the package also provided a graphical user interface based on the KDE libraries.TaskJuggler III was released on 5 July 2010.

Stand-alone server
In the context of a Microsoft Windows computer network, a stand-alone server is a server that does not belong to or govern a  Windows domain; the server may, however, belong to a workgroup (a peer-to-peer network of Microsoft Windows computers).This definition could also apply to any non-virtualized singular instance operating system running on dedicated hardware, usually rack mounted.


Question: Operating systems to which Steve Jobs related

Mac OS is a series of graphical user interface–based operating systems developed by Apple Inc. for their Macintosh line of computer systems.The original operating system was first introduced in 1984 as being integral to the original Macintosh, and referred to as the "System". Referred to by its major revision starting with "System 6" and "System 7", Apple rebranded version 7.6 as "Mac OS" as part of their Macintosh clone program in 1996.

History of IBM
International Business Machines, or IBM, nicknamed "Big Blue", is a multinational computer technology and IT consulting corporation headquartered in Armonk, New York, United States. The company is one of the few information technology companies with a continuous history dating back to the 19th century.

Apple 410 Color Plotter
The Apple 410 Color Plotter (OEM Yokogawa's YEW PL-1000) was a color plotter printer sold by Apple, Inc.  The colors came in either water or oil based inks.The printer could be connected to an Apple II (with an installed Super Serial Card) or Apple III computer.It is now discontinued.

2nd Systems Operations Squadron
The 2d Systems Operations Squadron (2 SYOS), based out of Offutt Air Force Base, Nebraska, delivers reliable and timely global environmental intelligence products and services for the defense of the United States of America and its global interests through the 24 x 7 operation, sustainment and maintenance of Air Force Weather's strategic center computer complex, production network, and applications.

IBM 5550
IBM 5550 is a personal computer series that IBM marketed in Japan, Korea, Taiwan and China in the 1980s and 1990s, for business use customers.   In Japan, it was introduced in 1983 and promoted as "Multistation 5550" because it had three roles in one machine: a PC, a word processing machine which was traditionally marketed as a machine different from a PC in Japan, and an IBM-host attached terminal.

UBIFS
The Unsorted Block Image File System (UBIFS) is a successor to JFFS2, and competitor to LogFS, as a file system for use with raw flash memory media. Development began in earnest in 2007, with the first stable release made to Linux kernel 2.6.27 in October 2008.The file system is developed by Nokia engineers with help of the University of Szeged, Hungary.Note that UBIFS works on top of an unsorted block images (UBI) device, which is itself on top of a memory technology device (MTD).

IK Multimedia
IK Multimedia is an international music technology company directly operating in the US, UK, Japan and Italy. Founded in Modena, Italy in 1996, it now operates worldwide with offices in Italy, the US and the UK. The company's best known for products made for music production, creation, live performance and has also expanded to various music segments. The most notable in recent years are their apps and accessories for Apple's iOS platform using Apple's iPhone, iPod Touch and iPad.

Integrated Software Dependent System
Integrated Software Dependent Systems (ISDS) is an offshore standard (DNV-OS-D203) and recommended practice guideline (DNV-RP-D201) covering systems and software verifications and classification of any integrated system that utilizes extensive software control.  The ISDS Recommended Practice (DNV-RP-D201) was launched in 2008 by Det Norske Veritas (DNV), the Norwegian classification society.

Microsoft Cordless Phone System
The Microsoft Cordless Phone System (also known as PC Phone System MP-900) is a discontinued cordless telephone introduced by Microsoft in 1998 that featured personal computer integration. It was Microsoft's first telephone of any kind, and the only phone product made by the company until the Windows Mobile series of smartphones.

Ultra 60
The Ultra 60 is a fairly large and heavy computer workstation in a tower enclosure from Sun Microsystems. The Ultra 60 was launched in November 1997 and shipped with Solaris 7. It was available in several specifications. Sun Ultra 60 workstation # 1 CPU Model 1300 and # 2 CPU Model 2300, Sun Creator3D graphics configurations began shipping February 1998. The last order date was August 4, 1999.

S-1 Lisp
S-1 Lisp  was an Lisp implementation written in Lisp for the 36-bit pipelined S-1 Mark IIA supercomputer computer architecture, which has 32 megawords of RAM.


Question: Operating systems to which Steve Jobs related

Mac OS 9 is the ninth and final major release of Apple's Classic Mac OS operating system. Introduced on October 23, 1999, Apple positioned it as "The Best Internet Operating System Ever", highlighting Sherlock 2's Internet search capabilities, integration with Apple's free online services known as iTools and improved Open Transport networking.

Freelan Oscar Stanley
Freelan Oscar Stanley (June 1, 1849 – October 2, 1940) was an American businessman. He was the co-founder, along with his twin brother Francis Edgar Stanley,  of the Stanley Motor Carriage Company which built the Stanley Steamer.

KPhotoAlbum
KPhotoAlbum (previously known as KimDaBa) is an image viewer  and organizer for Unix-like systems created and maintained by Jesper K. Pedersen. The core philosophy behind its creation was that it should be easy for users to annotate images and videos taken with a digital camera. Users can search for images based on those annotations (also called categories) and use the results in a variety of ways.

X-Note
X-Note is a visual novel video game based on Adobe Flash, therefore it can be played on multiple platforms such as Windows, Linux and Mac OS. The game was developed and published by Zeiva Inc and was released on March 8, 2011. The game contains mystery, romance, and supernatural elements. An updated version, X-Note 2.0, was released on March 9, 2012. The game was released on Steam on January 17, 2015.

Security and Maintenance
Security and Maintenance (formerly Action Center and Windows Security Center) is a monitoring component of the Windows NT family of operating system. It monitors the security and maintenance status of the computer. Its monitoring criteria includes optimal operation of personal firewalls, anti-virus software and anti-spyware software, as well as the working status of Network Access Protection, Windows Update, User Account Control, Windows Error Reporting and Backup and Restore.

Coscheduling
Coscheduling is the principle for concurrent systems of scheduling related processes to run on different processors at the same time (in parallel). There are various specific implementations to realize this.If an application consists of a collection of processes working closely together, and if some but not all of the processes are scheduled for execution, the executing processes may attempt to communicate with those that are not executing, which will cause them to block.

Thinstation
Thinstation is a free and open source Linux implementation of a thin client operating system.  It only requires standard 32-bit x86 PC hardware and can boot directly from the network via PXE or Etherboot from a TFTP server, or from local devices such as Hard disks, CompactFlash drives, USB keyrings and CD/DVDs. The minimum requirement is an i686 class CPU and RAM dependent on the intended use, typically 64–256 MB.

Computer Security Institute
The Computer Security Institute (CSI) was a professional membership organization serving practitioners of information, network, and computer-enabled physical security, from the level of system administrator to the chief information security officer. It was founded in 1974.CSI used to conduct two conferences per year — the Annual Computer Security Conference and Exhibition and CSI SX.

My Opera
My Opera was the virtual community for Opera web browser users. It belonged to Opera Software ASA. In addition to being a support site for the Opera browser, My Opera worked like a social networking site. It offered services such as blogs, photo albums, the free email service My Opera Mail and more. My Opera was closed down on March 3, 2014.

SD Times
Software Development Times, better known as SD Times, is a magazine published by BZ Media, in both a print version and an on-line electronic edition. It has been published since 2000. Since 2003, it has published an annual award list, the "SD Times 100", which honors the top 100 leaders and innovators in the software development industry, as judged by SD Times' editors.Starting in January 2011, SD Times switched from a bi-monthly to monthly circulation.

Windows Fax and Scan
Windows Fax and Scan is an integrated faxing and scanning application included in some versions of the Windows Vista operating system and all versions of Windows 7, Windows 8 and Windows 10. Windows XP includes Fax Console instead. The software is not compatible with T.38 technology and cannot be used for internet faxes.


Question: Operating systems to which Steve Jobs related

Mac OS X version 10.0, code named Cheetah, is the first major release of Mac OS X, Apple’s desktop and server operating system. Mac OS X v10.0 was released on March 24, 2001 for a price of US$129. It was the successor of the Mac OS X Public Beta and the predecessor of Mac OS X v10.1.Mac OS X v10.0 was a radical departure from the previous classic Macintosh operating system (Mac OS) and was Apple’s long awaited answer for a next generation Macintosh operating system.

Thinstation
Thinstation is a free and open source Linux implementation of a thin client operating system.  It only requires standard 32-bit x86 PC hardware and can boot directly from the network via PXE or Etherboot from a TFTP server, or from local devices such as Hard disks, CompactFlash drives, USB keyrings and CD/DVDs. The minimum requirement is an i686 class CPU and RAM dependent on the intended use, typically 64–256 MB.

List of Unix systems
Each version of the UNIX Time-Sharing System evolved from the version before, with version one evolving from the prototypal Unix. Not all variants and descendants are displayed.

Edsby
Edsby is a cloud-based software application that blends social networking with class and student management. It is a learning management system intended to promote engagement between K-12 students, teachers, parents and school administrators.Edsby, originally named CoreFour, was founded in April 2010 by the three original founders and architects of the FirstClass email and groupware product used widely in education, along with a longtime co-worker.

Neil (software)
Neil Modular Tracker is a Free Software project to create a functional Jeskola Buzz clone for Linux, based on an earlier, currently unmaintained program called Aldrin. Maintained by Vytautas Jančauskas, it has ongoing activity as of 2011. The name is a wordplay on Buzz Aldrin and Neil Armstrong.The program is written in C++ and utilizes a Python-controlled interface. A Python module chooser is included.

Steel (web browser)
Steel is a freeware web browser developed by Michael Kolb under the name kolbysoft. It is a fork of the default browser for Android, taking its WebKit-based layout engine and providing what is intended to be an easier and more "touch friendly" user interface.Steel was one of the first Android applications to support automatic rotation based on the hardware's accelerometer and a virtual keyboard.

System Fault Tolerance
(DELETE) This text describes "product name", is not an encyclopedic entry.In computing, System Fault Tolerance (SFT) is a fault tolerant system built into NetWare operating systems.

Cult (book)
Cult: Leadership & Business Strategy: Ruthlessly Redefined is a management book written by management guru Arindam Chaudhuri and strategy professor A. Sandeep. The book was launched by Guy Kawasaki, former Chief Evangelist at Apple Inc.

Olivetti M24
The Olivetti M24 was a computer sold by Olivetti in 1983 using the Intel 8086 CPU.The system was sold in the United States under its original name by Docutel/Olivetti of Dallas. AT&T and Xerox bought rights to rebadge the system as the AT&T 6300 and the Xerox 6060 series, respectively. (AT&T owned 25% of Olivetti around this time.) The AT&T 6300, launched in June 1984, was AT&T's first attempt to compete in the PC compatible market.

Steve Jansen (soccer)
Stephen Francis Jansen (born 4 November 1967 in Toronto, Ontario) in is a retired  Canadian association football player who earned 8 caps for the Canadian national side between 1988 and 1989. He played club football for North York Rockets. His sister is figure-skater Astrid Jansen.

NetObjects Fusion
NetObjects Fusion (NOF) is a web design tool, from 1996 to 2001 developed and distributed by NetObjects, Inc., marketed from 2001 until 2009 by Web.com (former called Website Pros), which acquired the application in 2001, and from July 2009 on distributed again by the re-established NetObjects, Inc.NetObjects Fusion has a graphical user interface and generates HTML or (since release 11) XHTML through its own proprietary database.


Question: Operating systems to which Steve Jobs related

Mac OS X version 10.1, code named Puma, is the second major release of Mac OS X, Apple's desktop and server operating system. It superseded Mac OS X v10.0 and preceded Mac OS X v10.2. Version 10.1 was released on  September 25, 2001 as a free update for Mac OS X 10.0 users. The operating system was handed out for no charge by Apple employees after Steve Jobs' keynote speech at the Seybold publishing conference in San Francisco.

Steve Saleen
Stephen Mark Saleen (born April 2, 1949) is an American businessman and former racing driver.  He is best known for being the founder and former vice chairman of Saleen, Inc., originally named Saleen Autosport, which is an OEM manufacturer of specialty vehicles including the Saleen S7 and highly modified Ford Mustangs.

HP OpenMail
HP OpenMail was an enterprise e-mail messaging and collaboration product from Hewlett-Packard.It was known for its ability to interconnect several other APIs and protocols, including MAPI, cc:Mail, SMTP and MIME, and was originally based on the OSI standards such as X.400. In addition to e-mail, it also supported directory, public folder and contact management functionality.

Comet Busters!
Comet Busters! is an arcade game inspired by Asteroids created by Steven E. Hugg for Windows 3.1/95. It was originally released in 1991 as shareware with a registration cost of $9. The latest (and probably last) version is 1.4, which works well in Windows XP, Windows Vista and Windows 7 (although because it is a 16-bit program, it no longer works in the 64-bit versions of Windows) and has also been reported to be playable under Wine.

List of games using Steam authentication
This is a list of games that require Steam authentication.  More specifically, it is for games whose computer (PC/Mac/Linux) versions use Steam, regardless of whether they are purchased at retail or through other digital distribution services; Steam is not required for console versions.  An active Steam account is compulsory in order to authenticate and play these games on a personal computer.

Boot File System
The Boot File System (Named BFS on Linux, but BFS also refers to the Be File System) was used on UnixWare to store files necessary to its boot process.It does not support directories, and only allows contiguous allocation for files, to make it simpler to be used by the boot loader.

Sulima (simulator)
Sulima is an instruction set simulator developed at the Distributed Systems Group at the University of New South Wales, Australia. Initially designed for internal teaching use, it is configured to simulate the U4600 system, and so is also a full-system simulator.The name chosen for Sulima is the coat of arms used by the author's family (amongst others).

System Fault Tolerance
(DELETE) This text describes "product name", is not an encyclopedic entry.In computing, System Fault Tolerance (SFT) is a fault tolerant system built into NetWare operating systems.

Recover (command)
In computing, recover was a primitive filesystem error recovery utility included in MS-DOS / IBM PC DOS versions prior to DOS 6.0.Typing recover at the DOS command-line invoked the program file RECOVER.COM or RECOVER.EXE (depending on the DOS version).

Thinstation
Thinstation is a free and open source Linux implementation of a thin client operating system.  It only requires standard 32-bit x86 PC hardware and can boot directly from the network via PXE or Etherboot from a TFTP server, or from local devices such as Hard disks, CompactFlash drives, USB keyrings and CD/DVDs. The minimum requirement is an i686 class CPU and RAM dependent on the intended use, typically 64–256 MB.

Neil (software)
Neil Modular Tracker is a Free Software project to create a functional Jeskola Buzz clone for Linux, based on an earlier, currently unmaintained program called Aldrin. Maintained by Vytautas Jančauskas, it has ongoing activity as of 2011. The name is a wordplay on Buzz Aldrin and Neil Armstrong.The program is written in C++ and utilizes a Python-controlled interface. A Python module chooser is included.


Question: Operating systems to which Steve Jobs related

Mac OS X Leopard (version 10.5) is the sixth major release of Mac OS X, Apple's desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers. Leopard was released on October 26, 2007 as the successor of Tiger (version 10.4), and is available in two editions: a desktop version suitable for personal computers, and a server version, Mac OS X Server. It retailed for $129 for the desktop version and $499 for Server. Leopard was superseded by Snow Leopard (version 10.6).

Entrepreneur Walk of Fame
The Entrepreneur Walk of Fame was established to recognize the positive impact of entrepreneurs on job creation and technological progress. Seven honorees were unveiled in the inaugural year. These were Bill Gates, Bill Hewlett, Bob Swanson, David Packard, Mitch Kapor, Steve Jobs, and Thomas Edison.New honorees will be unveiled each year in the fall.The stars are located near the outbound Kendall Square MBTA Red Line stop in Cambridge, MA.

Eudora OSE
Eudora OSE (Open Source Edition), formerly codenamed Penelope, is an extension for the Mozilla Thunderbird email client software implementing some features of Eudora.

P.I.P.S.
P.I.P.S. is a term (recursive acronym) for Symbian software libraries that means, P.I.P.S. Is POSIX on Symbian OS. It is intended to help C language programmers in migration of desktop and server middleware, applications to Symbian OS based mobile smartphone devices.

Callan Data Systems
Callan Data Systems Inc., from 1980 to 1985 was an innovative but short-lived computer manufacturer, named after its founder, David Callan, and located in Westlake Village, California, USA.  The are chiefly known for their pioneering Unistar range of UNIX workstations.

List of fictional Microsoft companies
Microsoft uses a variety of fictional companies in the documentation and training material for its products.  Microsoft documentation and learning materials often contain fictional scenarios and descriptions of how their products can be deployed and used in these scenarios.  Many of these companies are used in such examples.  Some of the fictional companies have associated websites, almost all of which redirect to Microsoft.com.

Steinberg's (electronics store)
Steinberg's Inc. (/ˈstaɪnbərɡz/ US dict: stīn′·bərgz) was a chain of stores in the Eastern United States that specialized in consumer electronics and home appliances. The Reading, Ohio–based company was founded by Ely Steinberg in 1921, and the Steinberg family continued to own the chain until its bankruptcy and liquidation in 1997.

Intuition (Amiga)
Intuition is the native windowing system and user interface (UI) engine of AmigaOS. It was developed almost entirely by RJ Mical. Intuition should not be confused with Workbench, the AmigaOS spatial file manager, which relies on Intuition for handling windows and input events.Intuition is the internal widget and graphics system.

Steel (web browser)
Steel is a freeware web browser developed by Michael Kolb under the name kolbysoft. It is a fork of the default browser for Android, taking its WebKit-based layout engine and providing what is intended to be an easier and more "touch friendly" user interface.Steel was one of the first Android applications to support automatic rotation based on the hardware's accelerometer and a virtual keyboard.

NetObjects Fusion
NetObjects Fusion (NOF) is a web design tool, from 1996 to 2001 developed and distributed by NetObjects, Inc., marketed from 2001 until 2009 by Web.com (former called Website Pros), which acquired the application in 2001, and from July 2009 on distributed again by the re-established NetObjects, Inc.NetObjects Fusion has a graphical user interface and generates HTML or (since release 11) XHTML through its own proprietary database.

Tor (anonymity network)
Tor is free software for enabling anonymous communication. The name is an acronym derived from the original software project name The Onion Router. Tor directs Internet traffic through a free, worldwide, volunteer network consisting of more than six thousand relays to conceal a user's location and usage from anyone conducting network surveillance or traffic analysis.


Question: Operating systems to which Steve Jobs related

The Mac OS X Public Beta (internally codenamed "Kodiak") was the first publicly available version of Apple Computer's Mac OS X operating system Cheetah to feature the Aqua user interface. It was released to the public on September 13, 2000 for US$29.95. It allowed software developers and early adopters to test a preview of the upcoming operating system and develop software for the forthcoming operating system before its final release.

Elive
Elive "\Enlightenment live") is a Linux distribution based on Debian for legacy and commodity hardware with Intel processors. Elive uses the Enlightenment X window manager instead of GNOME or KDE. Elive is a fully functional distribution with a Live CD counterpart that allows the user to sample the distribution before installing it on the system.Elive can be used like any Live CD or installed to the hard drive to access its full features.

Relational presentation
Relational presentation (also known as visually interactive presentation) uses standard presentation software such as Microsoft PowerPoint or Keynote in a way that, unlike most presentation structures, allows dynamic customization of messages while presenting.

System Center Mobile Device Manager
System Center Mobile Device Manager is a Mobile device management (MDM) solution providing over-the-air (OTA) management of Windows Mobile Smartphone security, applications and settings. System Center Mobile Device Manager supports devices running the Windows Mobile 6.1 and above operating system.Important: Mainstream support for System Center Mobile Device Manager 2008 ended on July 9, 2013, and extended support ends on July 10, 2018.

JDK Enhancement Proposal
The JDK Enhancement Proposal (or JEP) is a process drafted by Oracle Corporation for collecting proposals for enhancements to the Java Development Kit and OpenJDK.In the words of Oracle, the JEP serve as the long-term Roadmap for JDK Release Projects and related efforts.

Stand-alone server
In the context of a Microsoft Windows computer network, a stand-alone server is a server that does not belong to or govern a  Windows domain; the server may, however, belong to a workgroup (a peer-to-peer network of Microsoft Windows computers).This definition could also apply to any non-virtualized singular instance operating system running on dedicated hardware, usually rack mounted.

Mark Paul Deren
Mark Paul Deren (born June 23, 1980), more commonly known as MADSTEEZ, is an artist and designer based in California.His visual style has attracted clients such as Nike, Inc., Target Corporation, Red Bull, Boost Mobile, Honda, Boosted, Volkswagen, MCA Records, Interscope Records, Stüssy, Evisu, Ben Sherman, Capita Snowboards, Armada Skis, Rusty, Salomon, Lemonade Magazine, Wallin Surfboards, ActivEmpire, ActionSports Group, So Sweet Records, 411VM, Palace 5ive, and Bl!SSS Magazine.As an artist, he has held solo exhibitions in New York City, Los Angeles, and Tokyo.

Operating deflection shape
Operating deflection shape (ODS), is a term often used in the structural vibration analysis, known as ODS analysis. ODS analysis is a method used for visualisation of the vibration pattern of a machine or structure as influenced by its own operating forces. This is as opposed to the study of the vibration pattern of a machine under an (known) external force analysis, which is called modal analysis.

SD Times
Software Development Times, better known as SD Times, is a magazine published by BZ Media, in both a print version and an on-line electronic edition. It has been published since 2000. Since 2003, it has published an annual award list, the "SD Times 100", which honors the top 100 leaders and innovators in the software development industry, as judged by SD Times' editors.Starting in January 2011, SD Times switched from a bi-monthly to monthly circulation.

The Hacker Ethic and the Spirit of the Information Age
The Hacker Ethic and the Spirit of the Information Age is a book released in 2001, and written by Pekka Himanen, with prologue written by Linus Torvalds and the epilogue written by Manuel Castells.Pekka Himanen defines himself as a philosopher. Manuel Castells is an internationally well-known sociologist. Linus Torvalds is the creator of the Linux kernel. The book has the ISBN 978-0-375-50566-9.

SIO (software)
SIO is a serial port driver package for OS/2 written by Raymond L. Gwinn. It is designed to not only improve performance over OS/2's default serial drivers, but also improve compatibility. SIO contains a virtualized FOSSIL (VX00) driver that can be loaded to provide FOSSIL support to DOS based communications software.