{"en":"It begins with a countdown.\n","vi":"C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi bu\u1ed5i l\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ebfm ng\u01b0\u1ee3c.\n"}
{"en":"On August 14th, 1947, a woman in Bombay goes into labor as the clock ticks towards midnight.\n","vi":"Ng\u00e0y 14, th\u00e1ng 8, n\u0103m 1947, g\u1ea7n n\u1eeda \u0111\u00eam, \u1edf Bombay, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef s\u1eafp l\u00e2m b\u1ed3n.\n"}
{"en":"Across India, people hold their breath for the declaration of independence after nearly two centuries of British occupation and rule.\n","vi":"C\u00f9ng l\u00fac, tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp \u0111\u1ea5t \u1ea4n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta n\u00edn th\u1edf ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp sau g\u1ea7n hai th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 l\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a Anh.\n"}
{"en":"And at the stroke of midnight, a squirming infant and two new nations are born in perfect synchronicity.\n","vi":"Khi \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1eddi kh\u1eafc n\u1eeda \u0111\u00eam, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb v\u00e0 hai qu\u1ed1c gia m\u1edbi, c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac, ra \u0111\u1eddi.\n"}
{"en":"These events form the foundation of \"Midnight's Children,\" a dazzling novel by the British - Indian author Salman Rushdie.\n","vi":"Nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng t\u1ea1o n\u00ean \"Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a con c\u1ee7a n\u1eeda \u0111\u00eam,\" m\u1ed9t ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 v\u0103n Anh g\u1ed1c \u1ea4n Salman Rushdie.\n"}
{"en":"The baby who is the exact same age as the nation is Saleem Sinai, the novel's protagonist.\n","vi":"\u0110\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb c\u00f9ng tu\u1ed5i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Saleem Sinai, nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed1n ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft.\n"}
{"en":"His narrative stretches over 30 years of his life, jumping backwards and forwards in time to speculate on family secrets and deep - seated mysteries.\n","vi":"Cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch l\u00e0 l\u1eddi t\u1ef1 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Saleem v\u1ec1 30 n\u0103m cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u1edbi m\u1ea1ch th\u1eddi gian kh\u00e1c nhau d\u1ea7n h\u00e9 l\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng b\u00ed m\u1eadt trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng huy\u1ec1n b\u00ed c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a.\n"}
{"en":"These include the greatest enigma of all: Saleem has magic powers, and they're somehow related to the time of his birth.\n","vi":"T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u00ed \u1ea9n v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t: Saleem s\u1edf h\u1eefu n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c si\u00eau nhi\u00ean, v\u00e0, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1eadu ra \u0111\u1eddi.\n"}
{"en":"And he's not the only one.\n","vi":"Saleem kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi duy nh\u1ea5t.\n"}
{"en":"All children born in and around the stroke of midnight are imbued with extraordinary powers; like Parvati the Witch, a spectacular conjurer; and Saleem's nemesis Shiva, a gifted warrior.\n","vi":"M\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb sinh ra trong kho\u1ea3ng n\u1eeda \u0111\u00eam \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1edf h\u1eefu n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, nh\u01b0 Parvati, Ph\u00f9 thu\u1ef7 quy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng; m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi hay Shiva, k\u1ebb th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a Saleem, m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn binh thi\u00ean t\u00e0i.\n"}
{"en":"With his powers of telepathy, Saleem forges connections with a vast network of the children of midnight- including a figure who can step through time and mirrors, a child who changes their gender when immersed in water, and multilingual conjoined twins.\n","vi":"V\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ea7n giao c\u00e1ch c\u1ea3m, Saleem k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb c\u1ee7a n\u1eeda \u0111\u00eam - g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t kh\u00f4ng gian v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh khi \u0111\u1eafm m\u00ecnh trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1eb7p song sinh \u0111a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef b\u1ecb d\u00ednh li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi nhau.\n"}
{"en":"Saleem acts as a delightful guide to magical happenings and historical context alike.\n","vi":"Saleem \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eabn l\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ph\u00e9p thu\u1eadt c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed.\n"}
{"en":"Although his birthday is a day of celebration, it also marks a turbulent period in Indian history.\n","vi":"D\u00f9 sinh nh\u1eadt c\u1eadu l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y vui, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9.\n"}
{"en":"In 1948, the leader of the Indian independence movement, Mahatma Gandhi, was assassinated.\n","vi":"N\u0103m 1948, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, Mahatma Gandhi, b\u1ecb \u00e1m s\u00e1t.\n"}
{"en":"Independence also coincided with Partition, which divided British - controlled India into the two nations of India and Pakistan.\n","vi":"\u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 chia c\u1eaft, khi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a Anh b\u1ecb chia th\u00e0nh hai qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Pakistan.\n"}
{"en":"This contributed to the outbreak of the Indo - Pakistani Wars in 1965 and 1971.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn t\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn tranh \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 - Pakistan n\u0103m 1965 v\u00e0 1971.\n"}
{"en":"Saleem touches on all this and more, tracing the establishment of Bangladesh in 1971 and the emergency rule of Indira Gandhi.\n","vi":"Saleem c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y v\u00e0 h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, c\u00f2n theo d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a Bangladesh n\u0103m 1971 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Indira Gandhi t\u1ea1i \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9.\n"}
{"en":"This vast historical frame is one reason why \"Midnight's Children\" is considered one of the most illuminating works of postcolonial literature ever written.\n","vi":"B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao \"Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a con c\u1ee7a n\u1eeda \u0111\u00eam\" \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft h\u1eadu thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t m\u1ecdi th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i.\n"}
{"en":"This genre typically addresses the experience of people living in colonized and formerly colonized countries, and explores the fallout through themes like revolution, migration, and identity.\n","vi":"Nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m thu\u1ed9c th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y cho ta c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn tr\u1ef1c quan v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eebng l\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba; c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3, hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 qua nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, di d\u00e2n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc.\n"}
{"en":"Rushdie, who like Saleem was born in 1947, was educated in India and Britain, and is renowned for his cross - continental histories, political commentary, and magical realism.\n","vi":"Rushdie, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 Saleem, sinh n\u0103m 1947, h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Anh qu\u1ed1c, n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1edd v\u00e0o ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed xuy\u00ean l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba, nh\u1eefng b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c huy\u1ec1n \u1ea3o.\n"}
{"en":"He enriches \"Midnight's Children\" with a plethora of Indian and Pakistani cultural references, from family traditions to food, religion and folktales.\n","vi":"\"Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a con c\u1ee7a n\u1eeda \u0111\u00eam\" mang \u0111\u1eadm m\u00e0u s\u1eafc v\u0103n ho\u00e1 c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Pakistan, t\u1eeb truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh, \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c, \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o hay v\u0103n ho\u00e1 d\u00e2n gian.\n"}
{"en":"Scribbling by night under the watchful eyes of his lover Padma, Saleem's frame narrative echoes that of \"1001 Nights,\" where a woman named Scheherazade tells her king a series of stories to keep herself alive.\n","vi":"\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft n\u00ean m\u1ed7i \u0111\u00eam d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecnh l\u00e0 Padma, c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n qua l\u1eddi k\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a Saleem mang \u00e2m h\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0ng Scheherazade trong \"Ngh\u00ecn l\u1ebb m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00eam\", k\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec7n cho nh\u00e0 vua h\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00eam \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.\n"}
{"en":"And as Saleem sees it, 1001 is \"the number of night, of magic, of alternative realities.\"\n","vi":"V\u00e0 theo c\u00e1ch Saleem nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn, 1001 l\u00e0 \"con s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00eam, c\u1ee7a ma thu\u1eadt, v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c huy\u1ec1n \u1ea3o.\"\n"}
{"en":"Over the course of the novel, Rushdie dazzles us with multiple versions of reality.\n","vi":"Xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft, Rushdie khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc cho\u00e1ng ng\u1ee3p b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c.\n"}
{"en":"Sometimes, this is like reading a rollercoaster.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f4i khi, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111i t\u00e0u l\u01b0\u1ee3n v\u1eady.\n"}
{"en":"Saleem narrates: \"Who what am I?\n","vi":"Saleem t\u1ef1 thu\u1eadt: \"T\u00f4i l\u00e0 ai? l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\n"}
{"en":"My answer: I am everyone everything whose being - in - the - world affected was affected by mine.\n","vi":"Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: T\u00f4i l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 di\u1ec5n ra, l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt m\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00f4i v\u00e0 b\u1ecb t\u00f4i t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng.\n"}
{"en":"I am anything that happens after I've gone which would not have happened if I had not come.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 chuy\u1ec7n g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra khi t\u00f4i ra \u0111i nh\u01b0ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n.\n"}
{"en":"Nor am I particularly exceptional in this matter; each 'I,' every one of the now - six - hundred - million - plus of us, contains a similar multitude.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 c\u00e1 bi\u1ec7t trong v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y; m\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t \"t\u00f4i\", m\u1ed7i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n trong s\u1ed1 h\u01a1n - s\u00e1u - tr\u0103m - tri\u1ec7u - ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta, \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng nh\u1eefng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1.\n"}
{"en":"I repeat for the last time: to understand me, you'll have to swallow a world. \"\n","vi":"T\u00f4i nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i: \u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u t\u00f4i qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i nu\u1ed1t c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. \"\n"}
{"en":"Saleem's narrative often has a breathless quality - and even as Rushdie depicts the cosmological consequences of a life, he questions the idea that we can ever condense history into a single narrative.\n","vi":"Nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi t\u1ef1 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Saleem th\u01b0\u1eddng mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a ngh\u1eb9t th\u1edf - v\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 khi Rushdie m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, \u00f4ng v\u1eabn t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi li\u1ec7u ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecdng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed qua m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi k\u1ec3.\n"}
{"en":"His mind - bending plot and shapeshifting characters have garnered continuing fascination and praise.\n","vi":"C\u1ed1t truy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c c\u00f9ng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt linh ho\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a Rushdie \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng m\u00ea ho\u1eb7c v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 h\u1ebft l\u1eddi khen ng\u1ee3i.\n"}
{"en":"Not only did \"Midnight's Children\" win the prestigious Man Booker Prize in its year of publication, but in a 2008 competition that pitted all 39 winners against each other, it was named the best of all the winners.\n","vi":"\"Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a con c\u1ee7a n\u1eeda \u0111\u00eam\" kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Man Booker danh gi\u00e1 trong c\u00f9ng n\u0103m xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua 39 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e0nh danh hi\u1ec7u \"t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t\" v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2008.\n"}
{"en":"In a masterpiece of epic proportions, Rushdie reveals that there are no singular truths- rather, it's wiser to believe in several versions of reality at once, hold many lives in the palms of our hands, and experience multiple moments in a single stroke of the clock.\n","vi":"Trong ki\u1ec7t t\u00e1c mang b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, Rushdie ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt n\u00e0o l\u00e0 duy nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 kh\u00f4n ngoan h\u01a1n n\u1ebfu tin v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c, n\u1eafm gi\u1eef nhi\u1ec1u sinh m\u1ec7nh trong l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n tay v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m nhi\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi kh\u1eafc c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.\n"}
{"en":"When I was born, there was really only one book about how to raise your children, and it was written by Dr. Spock.\n","vi":"Khi t\u00f4i m\u1edbi sinh ra ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch nu\u00f4i d\u1ea1y con c\u00e1i, l\u00e0 cu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a Dr. Spock\n"}
{"en":"(Laughter) Thank you for indulging me.\n","vi":"(C\u01b0\u1eddi) C\u1ea3m \u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 nu\u00f4ng chi\u1ec1u t\u00f4i.\n"}
{"en":"I have always wanted to do that.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 lu\u00f4n mong \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"No, it was Benjamin Spock, and his book was called \"The Common Sense Book of Baby And Child Care.\"\n","vi":"Kh\u00f4ng, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Benjamin Spock, c\u00f3 nhan \u0111\u1ec1 \"V\u1ec1 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh v\u00e0 tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf\".\n"}
{"en":"It sold almost 50 million copies by the time he died.\n","vi":"L\u00fac \u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1eddi, s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ea7n 50 tri\u1ec7u b\u1ea3n.\n"}
{"en":"Today, I, as the mother of a six - year - old, walk into Barnes and Noble, and see this.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 c\u00f3 con l\u00ean 6 tu\u1ed5i, b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng Barnes v\u00e0 Noble, v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y c\u00e1i n\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"And it is amazing the variety that one finds on those shelves.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 th\u1eadt kinh ng\u1ea1c v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"There are guides to raising an eco-friendly kid, a gluten - free kid, a disease - proof kid, which, if you ask me, is a little bit creepy.\n","vi":"C\u00f3 s\u00e1ch h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn nu\u00f4i d\u1ea1y tr\u1ebb th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, s\u00e1ch d\u1ea1y tr\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng m\u1eafc ch\u1ee9ng cu\u1ed3ng \u0103n, gi\u00fap tr\u1ebb ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt, c\u1ea3 lo\u1ea1i s\u00e1ch khi\u1ebfn t\u00f4i h\u01a1i cho\u00e1ng.\n"}
{"en":"There are guides to raising a bilingual kid even if you only speak one language at home.\n","vi":"C\u00f3 s\u00e1ch h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn d\u1ea1y tr\u1ebb n\u00f3i hai th\u1ee9 ti\u1ebfng, ngay c\u1ea3 khi b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 ti\u1ebfng \u1edf nh\u00e0.\n"}
{"en":"There are guides to raising a financially savvy kid and a science - minded kid and a kid who is a whiz at yoga.\n","vi":"C\u00f3 s\u00e1ch h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn tr\u1ebb hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u \u00f3c khoa h\u1ecdc, hay d\u1ea1y tr\u1ebb th\u00e0nh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed3ng yoga.\n"}
{"en":"Short of teaching your toddler how to defuse a nuclear bomb, there is pretty much a guide to everything.\n","vi":"Ch\u1ec9 thi\u1ebfu m\u1ed7i s\u00e1ch d\u1ea1y th\u1eb1ng b\u00e9 th\u00e1o ng\u00f2i bom nguy\u00ean t\u1eed, V\u00f4 v\u00e0n d\u1ea1y d\u1ed7 cho m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1eddi.\n"}
{"en":"All of these books are well - intentioned.\n","vi":"T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed1n \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed1t.\n"}
{"en":"I am sure that many of them are great.\n","vi":"Ch\u1eafc trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed1n hay.\n"}
{"en":"But taken together, I am sorry, I do not see help when I look at that shelf.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng g\u1ed9p l\u1ea1i, th\u00ec r\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfc, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y l\u1ee3i \u00edch g\u00ec khi nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o gi\u00e1 s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"I see anxiety.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 lo l\u1eafng.\n"}
{"en":"I see a giant candy - colored monument to our collective panic, and it makes me want to know, why is it that raising our children is associated with so much anguish and so much confusion?\n","vi":"T\u00f4i th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0i m\u00e0u k\u1eb9o kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 cho n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i hoang mang c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 l\u00e0m t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft, t\u1ea1i sao vi\u1ec7c nu\u00f4i d\u1ea1y con c\u00e1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 n\u1ed7i kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed1i r\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eady?\n"}
{"en":"Why is it that we are at sixes and sevens about the one thing human beings have been doing successfully for millennia, long before parenting message boards and peer-reviewed studies came along?\n","vi":"Sao ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn ng\u00e2y ng\u00f4 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb l\u00ean n\u0103m l\u00ean ba tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng h\u00e0ng thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7, t\u1eeb l\u00e2u r\u1ed3i, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00f3 ban ph\u1ee5 huynh v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng trao \u0111\u1ed5i \u00fd ki\u1ebfn nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u?\n"}
{"en":"Why is it that so many mothers and fathers experience parenthood as a kind of crisis?\n","vi":"T\u1ea1i sao r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u b\u1eadc l\u00e0m cha l\u00e0m m\u1eb9 th\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cha m\u1eb9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng?\n"}
{"en":"Crisis might seem like a strong word, but there is data suggesting it probably is n't.\n","vi":"Kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng c\u00f3 v\u1ebb l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb n\u1eb7ng, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u cho r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 n\u1eb7ng.\n"}
{"en":"There was, in fact, a paper of just this very name, \"Parenthood as Crisis,\" published in 1957, and in the 50 - plus years since, there has been plenty of scholarship documenting a pretty clear pattern of parental anguish.\n","vi":"C\u00f3 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f3 t\u00ean: \"C\u01a1n kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng l\u00e0m Cha M\u1eb9\" xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n n\u0103m 1957, t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 50 tr\u1edf \u0111i, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u vi\u1ebft kh\u00e1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 n\u1ed7i kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1eadc cha m\u1eb9.\n"}
{"en":"Their marital satisfaction is lower.\n","vi":"S\u1ef1 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng trong h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n.\n"}
{"en":"There have been a number of studies looking at how parents feel when they are spending time with their kids, and the answer often is, not so great.\n","vi":"C\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c c\u1ee7a cha m\u1eb9 khi h\u1ecd d\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian cho con c\u00e1i m\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1eb3n l\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t l\u1eafm.\n"}
{"en":"Last year, I spoke with a researcher named Matthew Killingsworth who is doing a very, very imaginative project that tracks people's happiness, and here is what he told me he found: \"Interacting with your friends is better than interacting with your spouse, which is better than interacting with other relatives, which is better than interacting with acquaintances, which is better than interacting with parents, which is better than interacting with children.\n","vi":"N\u0103m ngo\u00e1i, t\u00f4i g\u1eb7p nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Matthew Killingsworth anh \u0111ang l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n gi\u00e0u t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n theo h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00e0 anh \u1ea5y n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i l\u00e0 anh \u1ea5y nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng: \"T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1eddi, v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1eddi t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u1edbi h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng, v\u1edbi h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi quen, v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi quen t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u1edbi cha m\u1eb9, v\u1edbi cha m\u1eb9 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u1edbi con c\u00e1i.\n"}
{"en":"Who are on par with strangers. \"\n","vi":"V\u00ec con c\u00e1i ngang v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1. \"\n"}
{"en":"I have been looking at what underlies these data for three years, and children are not the problem.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0, t\u00f4i v\u1eabn \u0111ang nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u1ea9n d\u01b0\u1edbi\n"}
{"en":"Specifically, I do n't think we know what parenting is supposed to be.\n","vi":"N\u00f3i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, t\u00f4i e r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft l\u00e0m cha m\u1eb9 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec.\n"}
{"en":"Parent, as a verb, only entered common usage in 1970.\n","vi":"Cha m\u1eb9, v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1970.\n"}
{"en":"Our roles as mothers and fathers have changed.\n","vi":"Vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0m cha, l\u00e0m m\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i.\n"}
{"en":"The roles of our children have changed.\n","vi":"Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a con c\u00e1i c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i.\n"}
{"en":"We are all now furiously improvising our way through a situation for which there is no script, and if you're an amazing jazz musician, then improv is great, but for the rest of us, it can kind of feel like a crisis.\n","vi":"H\u1ebft th\u1ea3y ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng bi\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1eef d\u1ed9i qua ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh c\u00e1i ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 trong s\u00e1ch v\u1edf, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 jazz t\u00e0i ba, th\u00ec ng\u1eabu h\u1ee9ng th\u1eadt l\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t, nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng.\n"}
{"en":"So how did we get here?\n","vi":"L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e2y?\n"}
{"en":"How is it that we are all now navigating a child - rearing universe without any norms to guide us?\n","vi":"S\u1ebd th\u1ebf n\u00e0o n\u1ebfu t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nu\u00f4i d\u1ea1y tr\u1ebb m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy t\u1eafc n\u00e0o d\u1eabn d\u1eaft?\n"}
{"en":"Well, for starters, there has been a major historical change.\n","vi":"V\u00e2ng, cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbn c\u00f3 t\u00ednh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed.\n"}
{"en":"Until fairly recently, kids worked, on our farms primarily, but also in factories, mills, mines.\n","vi":"C\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a l\u00e2u, tr\u1ebb em ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft trong n\u00f4ng tr\u1ea1i, r\u1ed3i trong nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, h\u1ea7m m\u1ecf.\n"}
{"en":"Kids were considered economic assets.\n","vi":"Tr\u1ebb em \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n kinh t\u1ebf.\n"}
{"en":"Sometime during the Progressive Era, we put an end to this arrangement.\n","vi":"\u0110\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t l\u00fac n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 trong K\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean Ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1eb7t d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m h\u1ebft cho t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"We recognized kids had rights, we banned child labor, we focused on education instead, and school became a child's new work.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta nh\u1eadn ra tr\u1ebb em c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea5m lao \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ebb em, thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, ta t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c m\u1edbi m\u1ebb cho \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb.\n"}
{"en":"And thank God it did.\n","vi":"T\u1ea1 \u01a1n Ch\u00faa v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"But that only made a parent's role more confusing in a way.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m cho vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a cha m\u1eb9 b\u1ed1i r\u1ed1i h\u01a1n theo m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch.\n"}
{"en":"The old arrangement might not have been particularly ethical, but it was reciprocal.\n","vi":"Nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp l\u00fac tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 l\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, m\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111i c\u00f3 l\u1ea1i.\n"}
{"en":"We provided food, clothing, shelter, and moral instruction to our kids, and they in return provided income.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta cung c\u1ea5p th\u1ee9c \u0103n, \u00e1o qu\u1ea7n, n\u01a1i \u1edf, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c cho b\u1ecdn tr\u1ebb, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i ch\u00fang mang v\u1ec1 thu nh\u1eadp.\n"}
{"en":"Once kids stopped working, the economics of parenting changed.\n","vi":"M\u1ed9t khi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb ng\u01b0ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c nu\u00f4i con thay \u0111\u1ed5i.\n"}
{"en":"Kids became, in the words of one brilliant if totally ruthless sociologist, \"economically worthless but emotionally priceless.\"\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0 l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 t\u00e0n nh\u1eabn \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \"B\u1ecdn tr\u1ebb tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng v\u00f4 gi\u00e1 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m.\"\n"}
{"en":"Rather than them working for us, we began to work for them, because within only a matter of decades it became clear: if we wanted our kids to succeed, school was not enough.\n","vi":"Thay v\u00ec tr\u1ebb l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho ch\u00fang ta, ch\u00fang ta b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho ch\u00fang, b\u1edfi v\u00ec trong v\u00f2ng ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng: N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta mu\u1ed1n con m\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7.\n"}
{"en":"Today, extracurricular activities are a kid's new work, but that's work for us too, because we are the ones driving them to soccer practice.\n","vi":"Ng\u00e0y nay, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ngo\u1ea1i kho\u00e1 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, v\u00ec ch\u00fang ta \u1ed1p con ra s\u00e2n \u0111\u00e1 b\u00f3ng.\n"}
{"en":"Massive piles of homework are a kid's new work, but that's also work for us, because we have to check it.\n","vi":"L\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00e0i t\u1eadp kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, b\u1edfi v\u00ec ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ebfm tra.\n"}
{"en":"She said, almost casually, \"Homework is the new dinner.\"\n","vi":"\"B\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a con l\u00e0 b\u1eefa t\u1ed1i m\u1edbi\" T\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp trung l\u01b0u b\u1ecf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u1eddi gian\n"}
{"en":"Mothers now spend more time with their children than they did in 1965, when most women were not even in the workforce.\n","vi":"H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n cho con so v\u1edbi n\u0103m 1965, khi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111a s\u1ed1 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef kh\u00f4ng \u1edf trong l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng.\n"}
{"en":"It would probably be easier for parents to do their new roles if they knew what they were preparing their kids for.\n","vi":"C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 h\u01a1n cho cha m\u1eb9 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vai tr\u00f2 m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u00e1i g\u00ec cho con c\u00e1i.\n"}
{"en":"This is yet another thing that makes modern parenting so very confounding.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u1eefa l\u00e0m c\u00e1c cha m\u1eb9 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ea5y r\u1ea5t b\u1ed1i r\u1ed1i.\n"}
{"en":"We have no clue what portion our wisdom, if any, is of use to our kids.\n","vi":"Kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft li\u1ec7u tr\u00ed kh\u00f4n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3, s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u00edch g\u00ec cho con c\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng.\n"}
{"en":"The world is changing so rapidly, it's impossible to say.\n","vi":"Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t, ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i ch\u1eafc.\n"}
{"en":"This was true even when I was young.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00fang c\u1ea3 khi t\u00f4i c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t tr\u1ebb.\n"}
{"en":"When I was a kid, high school specifically, I was told that I would be at sea in the new global economy if I did not know Japanese.\n","vi":"Khi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb, ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 khi h\u1ecdcc\u1ea5p 3, t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng s\u1ebd m\u00f9 t\u1ecbt trong m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u m\u1edbi n\u1ebfu t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfng Nh\u1eadt.\n"}
{"en":"And with all due respect to the Japanese, it did n't turn out that way.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 v\u1edbi ni\u1ec1m k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt, s\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.\n"}
{"en":"Now there is a certain kind of middle - class parent that is obsessed with teaching their kids Mandarin, and maybe they're onto something, but we can not know for sure.\n","vi":"B\u00e2y gi\u1edd, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng cha m\u1eb9 trung l\u01b0u \u00e1m \u1ea3nh vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y tr\u1ebb ti\u1ebfng Trung c\u00f3 l\u1ebd h\u1ecd \u0111ang b\u1eadn t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.\n"}
{"en":"So, absent being able to anticipate the future, what we all do, as good parents, is try and prepare our kids for every possible kind of future, hoping that just one of our efforts will pay off.\n","vi":"B\u1edfi v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi lo l\u1eafng cho con c\u00e1i, ch\u00fang ta chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho tr\u1ebb t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, ch\u1ec9 mong m\u1ed9t c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng nh\u1ecf n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e1p.\n"}
{"en":"We teach our kids chess, thinking maybe they will need analytical skills.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta d\u1ea1y tr\u1ebb ch\u01a1i c\u1edd, ngh\u1ec9 r\u1eb1ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2u ch\u00fang c\u1ea7n k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch.\n"}
{"en":"We sign them up for team sports, thinking maybe they will need collaborative skills, you know, for when they go to Harvard Business School.\n","vi":"Ta cho tr\u1ebb ch\u01a1i tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9i, ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang c\u1ea7n k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c, bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2u sau ch\u00fang v\u00e0o Harvard Business School.\n"}
{"en":"We try and teach them to be financially savvy and science - minded and eco-friendly and gluten - free, though now is probably a good time to tell you that I was not eco-friendly and gluten - free as a child.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta d\u1ea1y tr\u1ebb hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh d\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ea7u \u00f3c khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng m\u1eafc ch\u1ee9ng cu\u1ed3ng \u0103n, nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f4i c\u0169ng xin n\u00f3i h\u1ed3i nh\u1ecf t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ea1i m\u1eafc ch\u1ee9ng th\u00edch \u0103n.\n"}
{"en":"I ate jars of pureed macaroni and beef.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i x\u01a1i bao nhi\u00eau l\u00e0 m\u1ef3 \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 th\u1ecbt b\u00f2.\n"}
{"en":"And you know what?\n","vi":"V\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft sao kh\u00f4ng?\n"}
{"en":"I'm doing okay.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i v\u1eabn \u1ed5n.\n"}
{"en":"I pay my taxes.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n thu\u1ebf.\n"}
{"en":"I hold down a steady job.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.\n"}
{"en":"I was even invited to speak at TED.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i TED.\n"}
{"en":"But the presumption now is that what was good enough for me, or for my folks for that matter, is n't good enough anymore.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7n gi\u1edd l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u1ed5n v\u1edbi t\u00f4i hay gia \u0111\u00ecnh t\u00f4i, nay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ee7 n\u1eefa.\n"}
{"en":"So we all make a mad dash to that bookshelf, because we feel like if we are n't trying everything, it's as if we're doing nothing and we're defaulting on our obligations to our kids.\n","vi":"N\u00ean ta m\u1edbi \u0111i\u00ean cu\u1ed3ng x\u00f4ng t\u1edbi gi\u00e1 s\u00e1ch kia, v\u00ec ta c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y n\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed1 h\u1ebft c\u00e1ch, th\u00ec c\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m g\u00ec c\u1ea3. v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi con c\u00e1i.\n"}
{"en":"Now add to this problem something else: we are also navigating new roles as husbands and wives because most women today are in the workforce.\n","vi":"Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 n\u1eefa: ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb nhi\u1ec1u vai tr\u00f2 m\u1edbi nh\u01b0 v\u1ee3 v\u00e0 ch\u1ed3ng v\u00ec \u0111a ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef th\u1eddi nay c\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng.\n"}
{"en":"This is another reason, I think, that parenthood feels like a crisis.\n","vi":"Theo t\u00f4i, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u00fd do n\u1eefa, khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cha m\u1eb9 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng.\n"}
{"en":"We have no rules, no scripts, no norms for what to do when a child comes along now that both mom and dad are breadwinners.\n","vi":"Ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7, kh\u00f4ng k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n, kh\u00f4ng quy t\u1eafc cho nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m khi b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 con khi c\u1ea3 cha v\u00e0 m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh.\n"}
{"en":"He said that the surest way for a couple to start fighting is for them to go out to dinner with another couple whose division of labor is ever so slightly different from theirs, because the conversation in the car on the way home goes something like this: \"So, did you catch that Dave is the one who walks them to school every morning?\"\n","vi":"\u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t chi l\u00e0 hay, \u00d4ng n\u00f3i con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t khi\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u1eb7p v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng c\u00e3i nhau l\u00e0 \u0111i \u0103n t\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u1eb7p v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng kh\u00e1c c\u1eb7p n\u00e0y c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n chia lao \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t \u00edt nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi c\u1eb7p kia, v\u00ec cu\u1ed9c tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n tr\u00ean xe tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 di\u1ec5n ra \u0111\u1ea1i lo\u1ea1i th\u1ebf n\u00e0y: \"\u0110\u1ea5y, anh c\u00f3 th\u1ea5y s\u00e1ng n\u00e0o Dave c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0a con \u0111i h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng?\"\n"}
{"en":"(Laughter) Without scripts telling us who does what in this brave new world, couples fight, and both mothers and fathers each have their legitimate gripes.\n","vi":"(C\u01b0\u1eddi) v\u00ec c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0o n\u00f3i r\u00f5 ai l\u00e0m g\u00ec trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u1edbi b\u1ea1o li\u1ec7t n\u00e0y, n\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u1eb7p v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng c\u00e3i nhau, v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i b\u1ed1 m\u1ed7i m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n h\u1ee3p l\u1ebd.\n"}
{"en":"Mothers are much more likely to be multi -tasking when they are at home, and fathers, when they are at home, are much more likely to be mono - tasking.\n","vi":"Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t l\u00fac khi \u1edf nh\u00e0, c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ed1, khi \u1edf nh\u00e0, ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c.\n"}
{"en":"Find a guy at home, and odds are he is doing just one thing at a time.\n","vi":"C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng \u1edf nh\u00e0 th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ef1c m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u00fac anh ta ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c.\n"}
{"en":"In fact, UCLA recently did a study looking at the most common configuration of family members in middle - class homes.\n","vi":"Th\u1ef1c ra, UCLA v\u1eeba r\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm h\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng chung nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh trung l\u01b0u.\n"}
{"en":"Guess what it was?\n","vi":"\u0110o\u00e1n th\u1eed xem n\u00f3 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?\n"}
{"en":"Dad in a room by himself.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u1ed1 th\u00ec \u1edf trong ph\u00f2ng m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh.\n"}
{"en":"According to the American Time Use Survey, mothers still do twice as much childcare as fathers, which is better than it was in Erma Bombeck's day, but I still think that something she wrote is highly relevant: \"I have not been alone in the bathroom since October.\"\n","vi":"Theo B\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Th\u1eddi gian \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9, b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 v\u1eabn l\u00e0m g\u1ea5p 2 l\u1ea7n \u00f4ng b\u1ed1 khi ch\u0103m s\u00f3c con c\u00e1i, v\u1eabn t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi th\u1eddi Erma Bombeck nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i v\u1eabn ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng, nh\u1eefng g\u00ec b\u00e0 \u1ea5y vi\u1ebft l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t th\u00edch \u0111\u00e1ng: \"T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh trong ph\u00f2ng t\u1eafm t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng M\u01b0\u1eddi.\"\n"}
{"en":"(Laughter) But here is the thing: Men are doing plenty.\n","vi":"(C\u01b0\u1eddi) V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y: \u0110\u00e0n \u00f4ng \u0111ang l\u00e0m r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c.\n"}
{"en":"They spend more time with their kids than their fathers ever spent with them.\n","vi":"H\u1ecd d\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian ch\u01a1i v\u1edbi con c\u00e1i nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian cha h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh cho h\u1ecd.\n"}
{"en":"They work more paid hours, on average, than their wives, and they genuinely want to be good, involved dads.\n","vi":"Trung b\u00ecnh, h\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1edd h\u01a1n v\u1ee3 h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 h\u1ecd ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh mong mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m \u00f4ng b\u1ed1 t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 t\u1eadn tu\u1ef5.\n"}
{"en":"Either way, by the way, if you think it's hard for traditional families to sort out these new roles, just imagine what it's like now for non-traditional families: families with two dads, families with two moms, single - parent households.\n","vi":"Theo c\u1ea3 hai c\u00e1ch, ti\u1ec7n th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 n\u00f3i, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n ngh\u0129 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f3 cho m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n chia vai tr\u00f2 m\u1edbi, h\u00e3y t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf n\u00e0o cho gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t: nh\u1eefng gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f3 2 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha, gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f3 2 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9, hay gia \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 cha ho\u1eb7c m\u1eb9 \u0111\u01a1n th\u00e2n.\n"}
{"en":"They are truly improvising as they go.\n","vi":"H\u1ecd th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3i r\u1ea5t th\u00e1o v\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng.\n"}
{"en":"Now, in a more progressive country, and forgive me here for capitulating to clich\u00e9 and invoking, yes, Sweden, parents could rely on the state for support.\n","vi":"Hi\u1ec7n nay, \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 h\u01a1n, th\u1ee9 l\u1ed7i cho t\u00f4i v\u00ec nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi s\u00e1o r\u1ed7ng v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7n d\u1eabn, v\u00e2ng, \u1edf Thu\u1ef5 \u0110i\u1ec3n, cha m\u1eb9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3.\n"}
{"en":"There are countries that acknowledge the anxieties and the changing roles of mothers and fathers.\n","vi":"C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 lo l\u1eafng v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha v\u00e0 m\u1eb9.\n"}
{"en":"has in common with Papua New Guinea and Liberia, it's this: We too have no paid maternity leave policy.\n","vi":"do \u0111\u00f3 n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang th\u1eafc m\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 g\u00ec chung v\u1edbi Papua New Guinea v\u00e0 Liberia, th\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y: Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch cho ph\u00e9p ngh\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebb m\u00e0 v\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u01b0\u01a1ng.\n"}
{"en":"We are one of eight known countries that does not.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong t\u00e1m qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"In this age of intense confusion, there is just one goal upon which all parents can agree, and that is whether they are tiger moms or hippie moms, helicopters or drones, our kids' happiness is paramount.\n","vi":"Trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7y lo l\u1eafng c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng n\u00e0y, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch m\u1ecdi b\u1eadc cha m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 h\u1ecd l\u00e0 ai m\u1eb9 s\u01b0 t\u1eed hay m\u1eb9 h\u00edp - py, m\u1eb9 g\u1ea5u hay m\u1eb9 c\u1ecdp, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a con c\u00e1i l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n c\u1ea3.\n"}
{"en":"That is what it means to raise kids in an age when they are economically worthless but emotionally priceless.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c nu\u00f4i d\u1ea1y con c\u00e1i trong \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i v\u00f4 gi\u00e1 v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m.\n"}
{"en":"We are all the custodians of their self - esteem.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u0103m s\u00f3c cho l\u00f2ng t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a con,\n"}
{"en":"The one mantra no parent ever questions is, \"All I want is for my children to be happy.\"\n","vi":"C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00e2m ni\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng cha m\u1eb9 n\u00e0o nghi ng\u1edd l\u00e0, \"T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c con t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac.\"\n"}
{"en":"And do n't get me wrong: I think happiness is a wonderful goal for a child.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 \u0111\u1eebng hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m t\u00f4i: t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi cho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb.\n"}
{"en":"But it is a very elusive one.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft.\n"}
{"en":"It's not like teaching them how to ride a bike.\n","vi":"d\u1ea1y tr\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 d\u1ea1y ch\u00fang c\u00e0y m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t. hay d\u1ea1y ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1p xe \u0111\u1ea1p.\n"}
{"en":"There's no curriculum for it.\n","vi":"\u1ede \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0o.\n"}
{"en":"Happiness and self - confidence can be the byproducts of other things, but they can not really be goals unto themselves.\n","vi":"H\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 tin c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ee5 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau.\n"}
{"en":"A child's happiness is a very unfair burden to place on a parent.\n","vi":"Ni\u1ec1m h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb em l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00ean vai ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m cha l\u00e0m m\u1eb9.\n"}
{"en":"And happiness is an even more unfair burden to place on a kid.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng c\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng khi \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00ean vai \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb.\n"}
{"en":"And I have to tell you, I think it leads to some very strange excesses.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n r\u1eb1ng, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 qu\u00e1 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ef3 c\u1ee5c.\n"}
{"en":"We are now so anxious to protect our kids from the world's ugliness that we now shield them from \"Sesame Street.\"\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta qu\u00e1 lo l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 con tr\u1ebb kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng x\u1ea5u xa c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c ch\u00fang ta mu\u1ed1n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u00fang kh\u1ecfi \"Ph\u1ed1 Sesame\".\n"}
{"en":"I wish I could say I was kidding about this, but if you go out and you buy the first few episodes of \"Sesame Street\" on DVD, as I did out of nostalgia, you will find a warning at the beginning saying that the content is not suitable for children.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i \u0111\u00f9a m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat v\u1ec1 chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i ra ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 mua v\u00e0i t\u1eadp DVD m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \"Sesame Street\". nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m khi nh\u1edb nh\u00e0, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y l\u1eddi c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u r\u1eb1ng n\u1ed9i dung n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho tr\u1ebb em.\n"}
{"en":"(Laughter) Can I just repeat that?\n","vi":"(C\u01b0\u1eddi) t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng?\n"}
{"en":"The content of the original \"Sesame Street\" is not suitable for children.\n","vi":"N\u1ed9i dung nguy\u00ean thu\u1ef7 c\u1ee7a \"Sesame Street\" kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi tr\u1ebb em.\n"}
{"en":"When asked about this by The New York Times, a producer for the show gave a variety of explanations.\n","vi":"Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y b\u1edfi t\u1edd NY Times, ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t phim \u0111\u01b0a ra nhi\u1ec1u l\u00fd do.\n"}
{"en":"One was that Cookie Monster smoked a pipe in one skit and then swallowed it.\n","vi":"M\u1ed9t l\u00e0 qu\u00e1i v\u1eadt Cookie h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea9u trong m\u1ed9t v\u1edf k\u1ecbch r\u1ed3i nu\u1ed1t kh\u00f3i.\n"}
{"en":"Bad modeling.\n","vi":"H\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng x\u1ea5u.\n"}
{"en":"But the thing that stuck with me is she said that she did n't know whether Oscar the Grouch could be invented today because he was too depressive.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1m \u1ea3nh t\u00f4i l\u00e0 c\u00f4 \u1ea5y n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4 \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft li\u1ec7u Oscar Ground c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t minh ra h\u00f4m nay hay kh\u00f4ng b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u00f4ng \u1ea5y c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea5t tuy\u1ec7t v\u1ecdng.\n"}
{"en":"I can not tell you how much this distresses me.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m t\u00f4i \u0111au kh\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o.\n"}
{"en":"(Laughter) You are looking at a woman who has a periodic table of the Muppets hanging from her cubicle wall. The offending muppet, right there.\n","vi":"(C\u01b0\u1eddi) b\u1ea1n \u0111ang nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef c\u00f3 b\u1ea3ng chu k\u1ef3 c\u1ee7a Muppets treo tr\u00ean t\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f2ng ng\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4. b\u1ea3ng chu k\u1ef3 Muppets g\u00e2y s\u1ed1c, ngay tr\u00ean t\u01b0\u1eddng\n"}
{"en":"That's my son the day he was born.\n","vi":"\u0110\u1ea5y l\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh con trai t\u00f4i ng\u00e0y n\u00f3 ra \u0111\u1eddi\n"}
{"en":"I was high as a kite on morphine.\n","vi":"h\u00f4m \u1ea5y t\u00f4i b\u1ecb g\u00e2y m\u00ea morphine.\n"}
{"en":"I had had an unexpected C-section.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ebb ch\u1ec9 huy ngo\u00e0i d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn.\n"}
{"en":"But even in my opiate haze, I managed to have one very clear thought the first time I held him.\n","vi":"Ngay c\u1ea3 khi \u0111ang m\u00ea v\u00ec thu\u1ed1c, t\u00f4i v\u1eabn c\u1ed1 h\u00ecnh dung r\u00f5 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u khi l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u00f4i \u00f4m con t\u00f4i.\n"}
{"en":"I whispered it into his ear.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i th\u00ec th\u1ea7m v\u00e0o tai n\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"I said, \"I will try so hard not to hurt you.\"\n","vi":"T\u00f4i n\u00f3i: \"M\u1eb9 s\u1ebd c\u1ed1 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng con.\"\n"}
{"en":"It was the Hippocratic Oath, and I did n't even know I was saying it.\n","vi":"\u0110\u1ea5y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u1eddi th\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a Hipp\u00f4crat t\u00f4i th\u1eadm ch\u00ed kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft th\u1ebf.\n"}
{"en":"But it occurs to me now that the Hippocratic Oath is a much more realistic aim than happiness.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y l\u00fac n\u00e0y r\u1eb1ng l\u1eddi th\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a Hipp\u00f4crat l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f2n quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac.\n"}
{"en":"In fact, as any parent will tell you, it's awfully hard.\n","vi":"Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha m\u1eb9 n\u00e0o c\u0169ng n\u00f3i cho b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft, l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u1ef1c kh\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"All of us have said or done hurtful things that we wish to God we could take back.\n","vi":"T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ea7u xin Ch\u00faa gi\u00fap ta s\u1eeda l\u1ed7i.\n"}
{"en":"I think in another era we did not expect quite so much from ourselves, and it is important that we all remember that the next time we are staring with our hearts racing at those bookshelves.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7t ra nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf cho ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng v\u00e0o l\u1ea7n sau khi tim ta \u0111\u1eadp m\u1ea1nh khi nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 s\u00e1ch t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc l\u00e0m th\u00ea n\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng quy t\u1eafc m\u1edbi\n"}
{"en":"I'm not really sure how to create new norms for this world, but I do think that in our desperate quest to create happy kids, we may be assuming the wrong moral burden.\n","vi":"cho th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng b\u1edfi khao kh\u00e1t ch\u00e1y b\u1ecfng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a con h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e1nh l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i \u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c sai l\u1ea7m t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n\n"}
{"en":"It strikes me as a better goal, and, dare I say, a more virtuous one, to focus on making productive kids and moral kids, and to simply hope that happiness will come to them by virtue of the good that they do and their accomplishments and the love that they feel from us.\n","vi":"t\u00f4i d\u00e1m n\u00f3i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd h\u01a1n l\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c con t\u00f4i n\u00ean h\u1eefu \u00edch tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u00f3 ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb mong r\u1eb1ng h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi ch\u00fang b\u1edfi tr\u00e1i t\u1ed1t l\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ch\u00fang l\u00e0m nh\u1edd th\u00e0nh t\u00edch trong c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb ch\u00fang ta.\n"}
{"en":"That, anyway, is one response to having no script.\n","vi":"\u0110\u1ea5y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 trong k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n.\n"}
{"en":"Absent having new scripts, we just follow the oldest ones in the book -- decency, a work ethic, love - and let happiness and self - esteem take care of themselves.\n","vi":"C\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u1edbi, ch\u00fang ta \u0111i theo nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t x\u01b0a t\u1eed t\u1ebf, si\u00eang n\u0103ng, y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng - v\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng t\u1ef1 t\u00f4n t\u1ef1 n\u00f3 theo \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn.\n"}
{"en":"I think if we all did that, the kids would still be all right, and so would their parents, possibly in both cases even better.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, l\u0169 tr\u1ebb ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd \u1ed5n, cha m\u1eb9 ch\u00fang c\u0169ng vui thay, c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ea5y t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.\n"}
{"en":"Okay, this morning I'm speaking on the question of corruption.\n","vi":"V\u00e2ng, h\u00f4m nay t\u00f4i s\u1ebd b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tham nh\u0169ng.\n"}
{"en":"And corruption is defined as the abuse of a position of trust for the benefit of yourself -- or, in the case of our context, your friends, your family or your financiers.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 tham nh\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 t\u00edn nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0 l\u1ee3i - - ho\u1eb7c, trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, b\u1ea1n b\u00e8, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi cung c\u1ea5p t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh cho b\u1ea1n.\n"}
{"en":"Friends, family and financiers.\n","vi":"B\u1ea1n b\u00e8, gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi cung c\u1ea5p t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh.\n"}
{"en":"But we need to understand what we understand about corruption, and we need to understand that we have been miseducated about it, and we have to admit that.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u g\u00ec v\u1ec1 tham nh\u0169ng, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c sai l\u1ec7ch v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"We have to have the courage to admit that to start changing how we deal with it.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 can \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi n\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"The first thing is that the big myth, number one, is that in fact it's not really a crime.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 l\u1ea7m t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t, s\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0, tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, tham nh\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed9i \u00e1c.\n"}
{"en":"When we get together with friends and family and we discuss crime in our country, crime in Belmont or crime in Diego or crime in Marabella, nobody's speaking about corruption.\n","vi":"Khi ch\u00fang ta qu\u00e2y qu\u1ea7n v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 t\u1ed9i \u00e1c trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1ed9i \u00e1c \u1edf Belmont ho\u1eb7c Diego ho\u1eb7c Maranbella, kh\u00f4ng ai n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 tham nh\u0169ng.\n"}
{"en":"That's the honest truth.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt.\n"}
{"en":"When the Commissioner of Police comes on TV to talk about crime, he is n't speaking about corruption.\n","vi":"Khi U\u1ef7 vi\u00ean C\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean TV \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m, \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 tham nh\u0169ng.\n"}
{"en":"And we know for sure when the Minister of National Security is speaking about crime, he's not talking about corruption either.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng khi B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 an ninh qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m, \u00f4ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 tham nh\u0169ng.\n"}
{"en":"The point I'm making is that it is a crime.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 tham nh\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed9i.\n"}
{"en":"It is an economic crime, because we're involving the looting of taxpayers' money.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 l\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m kinh t\u1ebf, v\u00ec ta \u0111ang \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c c\u01b0\u1edbp ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3ng thu\u1ebf.\n"}
{"en":"Public and private corruption is a reality.\n","vi":"Tham nh\u0169ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 t\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng.\n"}
{"en":"As somebody who comes from the private sector, I can tell you there's a massive amount of corruption in the private sector that has nothing to do with government.\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu ai \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb khu v\u1ef1c t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n, t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n r\u1eb1ng hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng tham nh\u0169ng tr\u00e0n lan \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra trong khu v\u1ef1c t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7.\n"}
{"en":"The same bribes and backhanders and things that take place under the table, it all takes place in the private sector.\n","vi":"H\u1ed1i l\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ec1n b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n hay nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m phi ph\u00e1p t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u di\u1ec5n ra trong khu v\u1ef1c t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n.\n"}
{"en":"Today, I'm focusing on public sector corruption, which the private sector also participates in.\n","vi":"H\u00f4m nay, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o tham nh\u0169ng \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n.\n"}
{"en":"The second important myth to understand -- because we have to destroy these myths, dismantle them and destroy them and ridicule them -- the second important myth to understand is the one that says that in fact corruption is only a small problem -- if it is a problem, it's only a small problem, that in fact it's only a little 10 or 15 percent, it's been going on forever, it probably will continue forever, and there's no point passing any laws, because there's little we can do about it.\n","vi":"L\u1ea7m t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee9 2 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m r\u00f5 - - b\u1edfi v\u00ec ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng l\u1ea7m t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y, ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t ch\u00fang, ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t ch\u00fang v\u00e0 nh\u1ea1o b\u00e1ng ch\u00fang - - l\u1ea7m t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u00e0 n\u00f3i tham nh\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u1ecf - - n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u1ecf m\u00e0 th\u00f4i, v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf th\u00ec n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 chi\u1ebfm 10 hay 15%, n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 c\u1ee9 ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n m\u00e3i, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c m\u00e3i m\u00e3i nhu th\u1ebf s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a g\u00ec khi th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u lu\u1eadt, b\u1edfi v\u00ec ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec kh\u00e1c.\n"}
{"en":"And I want to demonstrate that that, too, is a dangerous myth, very dangerous.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t sai l\u1ea7m nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 nguy hi\u1ec3m.\n"}
{"en":"It's a piece of public mischief.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i h\u1ea1i chung.\n"}
{"en":"And I want to speak a little bit, take us back about 30 years.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat v\u1ec1, quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i 30 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc.\n"}
{"en":"We're coming out today from Trinidad and Tobago, a resource - rich, small Caribbean country, and in the early 1970s we had a massive increase in the country's wealth, and that increase was caused by the increase in world oil prices.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m nay \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb Trinidad v\u00e0 Tobago, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f9ng Ca - ri - b\u00ea nh\u1ecf nh\u1eafn v\u00e0 gi\u00e0u t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1970, c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i qu\u1ed1c gia ch\u00fang ta t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1 d\u1ea7u th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.\n"}
{"en":"The treasury was bursting with money.\n","vi":"Ng\u00e2n kh\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u1eefng ti\u1ec1n.\n"}
{"en":"And it's ironic, because we're standing today in the Central Bank.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u1eadt n\u1ef1c c\u01b0\u1eddi, b\u1edfi v\u00ec ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m nay, ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng t\u1ea1i Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng.\n"}
{"en":"You see, history's rich in irony.\n","vi":"B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea5y, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ea7y \u1eafp nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00e2m bi\u1ebfm.\n"}
{"en":"We're standing today in the Central Bank, and the Central Bank is responsible for a lot of the things I'm going to be speaking about.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng t\u1ea1i Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u00e0 Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 t\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp t\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.\n"}
{"en":"We're talking about irresponsibility in public office.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u00eam c\u1ee7a v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc.\n"}
{"en":"We're speaking about the fact that across the terrace, the next tower is the Ministry of Finance, and there's a lot of connection with us today, so we're speaking within your temple today.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt r\u1eb1ng \u0111i d\u1ecdc d\u00e3y nh\u00e0 th\u00ec to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 l\u1edbn t\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta ng\u00e0y nay, th\u1ebf n\u00ean ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn trong ph\u1ea1m vi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh th\u00f4i.\n"}
{"en":"(Applause) The first thing I want to talk about is that when all of this money flowed into our country about 40 years ago, we embarked, the government of the day embarked on a series of government - to - government arrangements to have rapidly develop the country.\n","vi":"(V\u1ed7 tay) \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i t\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 khi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n tr\u00ean ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc ta 40 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u00fang ta tham gia, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd tham gia v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i s\u1ef1 d\u00e0n x\u1ebfp t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc.\n"}
{"en":"As I said, even this building we're standing in -- that's one of the ironies -- this building was part of that series of complexes, what they called the Twin Towers.\n","vi":"Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e2y - - m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00e2m bi\u1ebfm l\u00e0 - - to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i li\u00ean h\u1ee3p, c\u00e1i m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 To\u00e0 Th\u00e1p \u0110\u00f4i.\n"}
{"en":"It became so outrageous, the whole situation, that in fact a commission of inquiry was appointed, and it reported in 1982, 30 years ago it reported -- the Ballah Report -- 30 years ago, and immediately the government - to - government arrangements were stopped.\n","vi":"To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u1edf n\u00ean nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n khi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u1ed9t U\u1ef7 ban \u0111i\u1ec1u tra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp ra, v\u00e0 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng trong n\u0103m 1982, 30 n\u0103m v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc - - b\u00e0i b\u00e1o c\u00e1o Ballah - - 30 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c, s\u1ef1 d\u00e0n x\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng,\n"}
{"en":"The then - Prime Minister went to Parliament to give a budget speech, and he said some things that I'll never forget.\n","vi":"Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 chia s\u1ebb m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 t\u00f4i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd qu\u00ean.\n"}
{"en":"They went right in here.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i v\u1eabn nh\u1edb nh\u01b0 in.\n"}
{"en":"I was a young man at the time.\n","vi":"L\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd t\u00f4i m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thanh ni\u00ean.\n"}
{"en":"It went right into my heart.\n","vi":"B\u00e0i n\u00f3i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o tr\u00e1i tim t\u00f4i.\n"}
{"en":"And he said that, in fact - Let me see if this thing works.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 \u00f4ng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng, s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt th\u00ec - - - - \u0110\u1ec3 t\u00f4i xem c\u00e1i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng.\n"}
{"en":"Are we getting a, yeah? - That's what he told us.\n","vi":"C\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang c\u00f3 slides, v\u00e2ng? - - - - \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i.\n"}
{"en":"He told us that, in fact, two out of every three dollars of our petrodollars that we spent, the taxpayers' money, was wasted or stolen.\n","vi":"\u00d4ng k\u1ec3 r\u1eb1ng, s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt th\u00ec 2 trong 3 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00f4 la t\u1eeb d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta chi ti\u00eau, ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3ng thu\u1ebf, b\u1ecb l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed ho\u1eb7c l\u1ea5y tr\u1ed9m.\n"}
{"en":"So the 10 or 15 percent is pure mischief.\n","vi":"Th\u1ebf n\u00ean 10 hay 15% r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 t\u1ed9i \u00e1c.\n"}
{"en":"As we say, it's a nancy - story.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0 ta \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n d\u00e2n gian.\n"}
{"en":"That's for little children.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh cho tr\u1ebb con m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.\n"}
{"en":"We are big people, and we're trying to deal with what's happening in our society.\n","vi":"C\u00f2n ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn r\u1ed3i, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111ang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.\n"}
{"en":"This is the size of the problem.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 quy m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.\n"}
{"en":"Two thirds of the money stolen or wasted.\n","vi":"Hai ph\u1ea7n ba s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1eafp hay l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed.\n"}
{"en":"That was 30 years ago.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 30 n\u0103m v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc.\n"}
{"en":"1982 was Ballah.\n","vi":"1982 l\u00e0 Ballah.\n"}
{"en":"So what has changed?\n","vi":"Th\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i?\n"}
{"en":"I do n't like to bring up embarrassing secrets to an international audience, but I have to.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i ra nh\u1eefng b\u00ed m\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1ng x\u1ea5u h\u1ed5 cho kh\u00e1n gi\u1ea3 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"Four months ago, we suffered a constitutional outrage in this country.\n","vi":"Kho\u1ea3ng 4 th\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng s\u1ef1 vi ph\u1ea1m hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p tr\u1eafng tr\u1ee3n tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00ecnh.\n"}
{"en":"We call it the Section 34 fiasco, the Section 34 fiasco, a suspicious piece of law, and I'm going to say it like it is, a suspicious piece of law was passed at a suspicious time to free some suspects.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1ea3m ho\u1ea1 Ph\u1ea7n 34, th\u1ea3m ho\u1ea1 Ph\u1ea7n 34 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1eadp m\u1edd, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i s\u1ebd n\u00f3i s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt m\u1eadp m\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1eadp m\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea3 t\u1ef1 do cho nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb b\u1ecb t\u00ecnh nghi.\n"}
{"en":"(Laughter) And it was called, those people are called the Piarco Airport accused.\n","vi":"(C\u01b0\u1eddi) V\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0, h\u00e3ng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng Piarco b\u1ecb bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i.\n"}
{"en":"I'm going to have my own lexicon speaking here today.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i n\u00f3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh.\n"}
{"en":"They are the Piarco Airport accused.\n","vi":"H\u00e3ng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng Piarce b\u1ecb bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i.\n"}
{"en":"It was a constitutional outrage of the first order, and I have labeled it the Plot to Pervert Parliament.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 vi ph\u1ea1m hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p c\u1ea5p cao nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u00f4i g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u00e2m m\u01b0u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i sai tr\u00e1i.\n"}
{"en":"Our highest institution in our country was perverted.\n","vi":"Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1i cao c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ta b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i.\n"}
{"en":"We are dealing with perverts here of an economic and financial nature.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y trong b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh.\n"}
{"en":"Do you get how serious this problem is?\n","vi":"B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng?\n"}
{"en":"There was massive protest.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e3 c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh r\u1ea7m r\u1ed9.\n"}
{"en":"A lot of us in this room took part in the protest in different forms.\n","vi":"R\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong kh\u00e1n ph\u00f2ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 tham gia v\u00e0o bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh d\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau.\n"}
{"en":"Most importantly, the American embassy complained, so Parliament was swiftly reconvened, and the law was reversed, it was repealed.\n","vi":"Quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 qu\u00e1n M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n, n\u00ean Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u lu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c, n\u00f3 b\u1ecb b\u00e3i b\u1ecf.\n"}
{"en":"That's the word lawyers use. It was repealed.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1eeb m\u00e0 c\u00e1c lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng, \u0110i\u1ec1u lu\u1eadt b\u1ecb b\u00e3i b\u1ecf.\n"}
{"en":"But the point is that Parliament was outwitted in the whole course of events, because what really happened is that, because of the suspicious passage of that law, the law was actually passed into effect on the weekend we celebrated our 50th anniversary of independence, our jubilee of independence.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 v\u00ec Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeba trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c, b\u1edfi v\u00ec nh\u1eefng g\u00ec th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0, b\u1edfi v\u00ec s\u1ef1 th\u00f4ng qua m\u1eadp m\u1edd c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u lu\u1eadt, \u0111i\u1ec1u lu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i tu\u1ea7n m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m 50 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, l\u1ec5 k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m 50 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.\n"}
{"en":"So that is the kind of outrage of the thing.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t.\n"}
{"en":"It was kind of a nasty way to get maturation, but we got it, because we all understood it, and for the first time that I could remember, there were mass protests against this corruption.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch b\u1ea9n th\u1ec9u \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 n\u00f3, b\u1edfi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u hi\u1ec3u, v\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean m\u00e0 t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1edb, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh l\u1edbn ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 tham nh\u0169ng n\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"And that gave me a lot of hope.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 mang l\u1ea1i cho t\u00f4i r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u hy v\u1ecdng,\n"}
{"en":"Those of us who are, sometimes you feel like you're a little bit on your own doing some of this work.\n","vi":"C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong s\u1ed1 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e2y, th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u00ecnh m\u00ecnh \u0111ang th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"That passage of the law and the repeal of the law fortified the case of the Piarco Airport accused.\n","vi":"Vi\u1ec7c th\u00f4ng qua lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c b\u00e3i b\u1ecf lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 v\u1ee5 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a h\u00e3ng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng Piarco.\n"}
{"en":"So it was one of those really superior double bluff kind of things that took place.\n","vi":"Th\u1ebf n\u00ean m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 l\u1eeba ph\u1ec9nh cao c\u1ea5p n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra.\n"}
{"en":"But what were they accused of?\n","vi":"Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd b\u1ecb bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i v\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec?\n"}
{"en":"What was it that they were accused of?\n","vi":"H\u1ecd b\u1ecb bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec?\n"}
{"en":"I'm being a bit mysterious for those of you out there.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i c\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u01b0 \u0111ang qu\u00e1 b\u00ed hi\u1ec3m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n ng\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e2y.\n"}
{"en":"What were they accused of?\n","vi":"H\u1ecd b\u1ecb bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec?\n"}
{"en":"We were trying to build, or reconstruct largely, an airport that had grown outdated.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng hay t\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u00e2n bay \u0111\u00e3 c\u0169 k\u0129 qu\u00e1 r\u1ed3i.\n"}
{"en":"The entire project cost about 1.6 billion dollars, Trinidad and Tobago dollars, and in fact, we had a lot of bid-rigging and suspicious activity, corrupt activity took place.\n","vi":"To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 kho\u1ea3ng 1.6 t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la, \u0111\u00f4 la Trinida v\u00e0 Tobago, v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u gian l\u1eadn trong \u0111\u1ea5u th\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1edd v\u00e0 tham nh\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra.\n"}
{"en":"And to get an idea of what it consisted of, and to put it in context in relationship to this whole second myth about it being no big thing, we can look at this second slide here.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t n\u00f3 v\u00e0o \u0111\u00fang ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh trong m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u1ea7m t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee9 2 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c tham nh\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o slide th\u1ee9 2 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y.\n"}
{"en":"And what we have here -- I am not saying so, this is the Director of Public Prosecutions in a written statement.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y - - kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u00f4i \u0111ang n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng t\u1ed1 vi\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 b\u1eb1ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n.\n"}
{"en":"He said so.\n","vi":"\u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1eady.\n"}
{"en":"And he's telling us that for the $1.6 billion cost of the project, one billion dollars has been traced to offshore bank accounts.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 \u00f4ng n\u00f3i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta r\u1eb1ng trong 1.6 t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la chi ph\u00ed cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, 1 t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy ra t\u1eeb t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i.\n"}
{"en":"One billion dollars of our taxpayers' money has been located in offshore bank accounts.\n","vi":"1 t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la ti\u1ec1n thu\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i.\n"}
{"en":"Being the kind of suspicious person I am, I am outraged at that, and I'm going to pause here, I'm going to pause now and again and bring in different things.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111a nghi, t\u00f4i r\u1ea5t t\u1ee9c gi\u1eadn v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed1, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i s\u1ebd t\u1ea1m ng\u01b0ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd t\u1ea1m ng\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i b\u00e2y gi\u1edd v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00e1c.\n"}
{"en":"I'm going to pause here and bring in something I saw in November last year at Wall Street.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i s\u1ebd d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m ngo\u00e1i \u1edf Ph\u1ed1 Wall.\n"}
{"en":"I was at Zuccotti Park.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i \u1edf C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean Zucotti.\n"}
{"en":"It was autumn.\n","vi":"V\u00e0o m\u00f9a thu.\n"}
{"en":"It was cool.\n","vi":"Tr\u1eddi m\u00e1t m\u1ebb.\n"}
{"en":"It was getting dark.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 \u0111ang tr\u1edf t\u1ed1i.\n"}
{"en":"And I was walking around with the protesters looking at the One Wall Street, Occupy Wall Street movement walking around.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111ang \u0111i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o phong tr\u00e0o One Wall Street, Occupy Wall Street.\n"}
{"en":"And there was a lady with a sign, a very simple sign, a kind of battered - looking blonde lady, and the sign was made out of Bristol board, as we say in these parts, and it was made with a marker.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef v\u1edbi bi\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7u, m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7u r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef t\u00f3c v\u00e0ng b\u01a1 ph\u1edd, v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb t\u1ea5m b\u1ea3ng Bristol, theo c\u00e1ch g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f2n \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t con d\u1ea5u.\n"}
{"en":"And what it said on that sign hit me right in the center.\n","vi":"Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean t\u1ea5m bi\u1ec3n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn t\u1edbi t\u00f4i.\n"}
{"en":"It said, \"If you're not outraged, you have n't been paying attention.\"\n","vi":"N\u00f3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y b\u1ecb x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m th\u00ec b\u1ea1n ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 ch\u00fa \u00fd.\n"}
{"en":"If you're not outraged by all of this, you have n't been paying attention.\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y b\u1ecb x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m b\u1edfi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n ch\u01b0a th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd.\n"}
{"en":"So listen up, because we're getting into even deeper waters.\n","vi":"V\u1eady l\u1eafng nghe n\u00e0y, b\u1edfi v\u00ec ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang \u0111i s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u00e0o v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.\n"}
{"en":"My brain started thinking.\n","vi":"Tr\u00ed \u00f3c t\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u suy ngh\u0129.\n"}
{"en":"Well, what if -- because I'm suspicious like that.\n","vi":"\u1ed2, n\u1ebfu - - b\u1edfi v\u00ec t\u00f4i \u0111a nghi th\u1ebf n\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"I read a lot of spy novels and stuff.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i \u0111\u1ecdc r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft trinh th\u00e1m v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1.\n"}
{"en":"What if -- (Laughter) But to make it in these wrongs, you have to read a lot of spy novels and follow some of that stuff, right?\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu - - (c\u01b0\u1eddi) Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u00ean l\u00e0 sai tr\u00e1i, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecdc th\u1eadt nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft trinh th\u00e1m v\u00e0 d\u00f5i theo nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9?\n"}
{"en":"(Laughter) But what if this was n't the first time?\n","vi":"(C\u01b0\u1eddi) Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean th\u00ec sao?\n"}
{"en":"What if this is just the first time that the so - and - sos had been caught?\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y b\u1ecb b\u1eaft g\u1eb7p?\n"}
{"en":"What if it had happened before?\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng x\u1ea3y ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y r\u1ed3i?\n"}
{"en":"How would I find out?\n","vi":"L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f4i t\u00ecm ra?\n"}
{"en":"Now, the previous two examples I gave were to do with construction sector corruption, okay?\n","vi":"B\u00e2y gi\u1edd, 2 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 tr\u00ean t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn tham nh\u0169ng trong khu v\u1ef1c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9?\n"}
{"en":"And I have the privilege at this time to lead the Joint Consultative Council, which is a not -for-profit.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y t\u00f4i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u H\u1ed9i \u0111\u00f4ng T\u01b0 v\u1ea5n, \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c phi l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn.\n"}
{"en":"We're at jcc.org.tt, and we have the -- we are the leaders in the struggle to produce a new public procurement system about how public money is transacted.\n","vi":"\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u00e0 jcc. org. tt, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5u th\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao d\u1ecbch.\n"}
{"en":"So those of you interested in finding out more about it, or joining us or signing up on any of our petitions, please get involved.\n","vi":"N\u00eau n\u1ebfu m\u00e0 trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ai c\u00f3 h\u1ee9ng th\u00fa v\u1ec1 n\u00f3, hay tham gia c\u00f9ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u0103ng k\u00ed v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng tham gia nh\u00e9.\n"}
{"en":"But I'm going to segue to another thing that relates, because one of my private campaigns I've been conducting for over three and a half years is for transparency and accountability around the bailout of CL Financial.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan, b\u1edfi v\u00ec m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch m\u00e0 t\u00f4i t\u1eebng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh trong su\u1ed1t h\u01a1n 3 n\u0103m r\u01b0\u1ee1i qua l\u00e0 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 s\u1ef1 minh b\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m xung quanh g\u00f3i c\u1ee9u tr\u1ee3 cho T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh CL.\n"}
{"en":"CL Financial is the Caribbean's largest ever conglomerate, okay?\n","vi":"T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh cL l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n Caribbean l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn nay.\n"}
{"en":"And without getting into all of the details, it is said to have collapsed - I'm using my words very carefully - it's said to have collapsed in January of '09, which is just coming up to nearly four years.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111i v\u00e0o chi ti\u1ebft, t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 s\u1ebd s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 - - T\u00f4i \u0111ang d\u00f9ng t\u1eeb r\u1ea5t c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn - - - n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 09, ch\u1ec9 g\u1ea7n 4 n\u0103m ti\u1ebfp theo.\n"}
{"en":"In an unprecedented fit of generosity -- and you have to be very suspicious about these people -- in an unprecedented - and I'm using that word carefully - unprecedented fit of generosity, the government of the day signed, made a written commitment, to repay all of the creditors.\n","vi":"Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 r\u1ed9ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3 - - v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 nghi ng\u1edd v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y - - trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3 - - v\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn - - s\u1ef1 r\u1ed9ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 k\u00ed k\u1ebft, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t cam k\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n, tr\u1ea3 h\u1ebft s\u1ed1 n\u1ee3 cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho vay.\n"}
{"en":"And I can tell you without fear of contradiction that has n't happened anywhere else on the planet.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2u tr\u00ean h\u00e0nh tinh.\n"}
{"en":"Let's understand, because we lack context.\n","vi":"H\u00e3y hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng, b\u1edfi v\u00ec ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh.\n"}
{"en":"People are telling us it's just like Wall Street.\n","vi":"M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang n\u00f3i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 Ph\u1ed1 Wall.\n"}
{"en":"It's not just like Wall Street.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u01b0 ph\u1ed1 Wall.\n"}
{"en":"Trinidad and Tobago is like a place with different laws of physics or biology or something.\n","vi":"Trinidad v\u00e0 Tobago c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i v\u1edbi lu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt l\u00fd hay sinh h\u1ecdc hay g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c bi\u00eat.\n"}
{"en":"It's not just like anywhere.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e2u.\n"}
{"en":"(Applause) It's not just like anywhere.\n","vi":"(V\u1ed7 tay) N\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e2u.\n"}
{"en":"It's not just like anywhere.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e2u.\n"}
{"en":"Here is here, and out there is out there.\n","vi":"N\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y, ngo\u00e0i kia l\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i kia.\n"}
{"en":"I'm serious now.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i \u0111ang nghi\u00eam t\u00fac \u0111\u1ea5y.\n"}
{"en":"They've had bailouts on Wall Street.\n","vi":"H\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c c\u1ee9u tr\u1ee3 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u1edf Ph\u1ed1 Wall.\n"}
{"en":"They've had bailouts in London.\n","vi":"H\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c c\u1ee9u tr\u1ee3 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u1edf London.\n"}
{"en":"They've had bailouts in Europe.\n","vi":"H\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c c\u1ee9u tr\u1ee3 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u1edf Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u.\n"}
{"en":"In Africa, they've had bailouts.\n","vi":"\u1ede Ch\u00e2u Phi c\u0169ng c\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"In Nigeria, six of the major commercial banks collapsed at the same time as ours, eh?\n","vi":"\u1ede Nigeria, 6 trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i l\u1edbn s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta v\u1eady?\n"}
{"en":"It's interesting to parallel how the Nigerian experience has -- how they've treated it, and they've treated it very well compared to us.\n","vi":"Th\u1eadt th\u00fa v\u1ecb khi so s\u00e1nh s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u1edf Nigeria - - c\u00e1ch h\u1ecd gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft n\u00f3, v\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t so v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta.\n"}
{"en":"Nowhere on the planet have all the creditors been bailed out in excess of what their statutory entitlements were.\n","vi":"Kh\u00f4ng n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2u tr\u00ean h\u00e0nh tinh m\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho vay \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee9u tr\u1ee3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p quy \u0111\u1ecbnh.\n"}
{"en":"So what was the reason for the generosity?\n","vi":"V\u1eady th\u00ec l\u00fd do g\u00ec cho s\u1ef1 r\u1ed9ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y?\n"}
{"en":"And maybe they are.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 th\u1eadt.\n"}
{"en":"Let's look at it.\n","vi":"H\u00e3y nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o n\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"Let's look into it.\n","vi":"H\u00e3y quan s\u00e1t th\u1eadt k\u0129.\n"}
{"en":"So I started digging and writing and so and so on, and that work can be found, my personal work can be found at AfraRaymond.com, which is my name.\n","vi":"V\u00e2y n\u00ean t\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u thu th\u1eadp v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 c\u1ee9 th\u1ebf, c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y, c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u1edf AfraRaymond. com, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u00ean t\u00f4i.\n"}
{"en":"It's a not - for-profit blog that I run.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 l\u00e0 trang m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i phi l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i.\n"}
{"en":"Not as popular as some of the other people, but there you go.\n","vi":"Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 blog c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea5y.\n"}
{"en":"(Laughter) But the point is that the bitter experience of Section 34, that plot to pervert Parliament, that bitter experience that took place in August, when we were supposed to be celebrating our independence, going into September, forced me to check myself and recalculate my bearings, and to go back into some of the work, some of the stuff I'd written and some of the exchanges I'd had with the officials to see what was really what.\n","vi":"(C\u01b0\u1eddi) Nh\u01b0ng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u1eb1m \u1edf kinh nghi\u1ec7m cay \u0111\u1eafng c\u1ee7a Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft s\u1ed1 34, \u00e2m m\u01b0a c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i x\u1ea5u xa, s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n cay \u0111\u1eafng di\u1ec5n ra v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng t\u00e1m, khi m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1ng ra c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111ang k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng ch\u00edn t\u1edbi, bu\u1ed9c t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n v\u00e0 xem x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, v\u00e0 quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng vi\u00eac, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft ra v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 xem m\u1ecdi chuy\u1ec7n l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.\n"}
{"en":"As we say in Trinidad and Tobago, who is who and what is what?\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00f3i \u1edf Trinidad v\u00e0 Tobago, ai l\u00e0 ai v\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec?\n"}
{"en":"We want to try to recalculate.\n","vi":"V\u00e2ng, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n l\u1ea1i.\n"}
{"en":"And I made a Freedom of Information application in May this year to the Ministry of Finance.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 so\u1ea1n \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ec1 T\u1ef1 do th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng n\u0103m trong n\u0103m nay \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1eedi l\u00ean B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh.\n"}
{"en":"The Ministry of Finance is the next tower over.\n","vi":"B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 n\u1eb1m b\u00ean kia.\n"}
{"en":"This is the other context.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00e1c.\n"}
{"en":"The Ministry of Finance, we are told, is subject to the provisions of the Freedom of Information Act.\n","vi":"B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, theo ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft, ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 t\u1ef1 do th\u00f4ng tin.\n"}
{"en":"I'm going to take you through a worked example of whether that's really so.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i s\u1ebd n\u00f3i cho c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng.\n"}
{"en":"The Central Bank in which we stand this morning is immune from the provisions of the Freedom of Information Act.\n","vi":"Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng n\u01a1i m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ee9ng s\u00e1ng nay mi\u1ec5n nhi\u1ec5m kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n trong b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt T\u1ef1 do th\u00f4ng tin.\n"}
{"en":"So in fact, you ca n't ask them anything, and they do n't have to answer anything.\n","vi":"N\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t v\u1ea5n h\u1ecd v\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec.\n"}
{"en":"That is the law since 1999.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 lu\u1eadt t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1999.\n"}
{"en":"So I plunged into this struggle, and I asked four questions.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u lao v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecfi 4 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi.\n"}
{"en":"And I'll relate the questions to you in the short form with the reply, so you could understand, as I said, where we are.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 t\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ng\u1eafn ng\u1ecdn v\u00e0 k\u00e8m c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi cho c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u, nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u00e2y.\n"}
{"en":"Here is not like anywhere else.\n","vi":"\\ kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2u c\u1ea3.\n"}
{"en":"Question number one: I asked to see the accounts of CL Financial, and if you ca n't show me the accounts -- the Minister of Finance is making statements, passing new laws and giving speeches and so on.\n","vi":"C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi s\u1ed1 1: T\u00f4i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a CL Financial, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 cho t\u00f4i xem - - - b\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ed9 T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u01b0a lu\u1eadt m\u1edbi v\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i n\u00f3i v\u00e0 c\u1ee9 th\u1ebf.\n"}
{"en":"What are the figures he's relying on?\n","vi":"V\u1eady \u00f4ng \u1ea5y \u0111ang d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0o?\n"}
{"en":"It's like that joke: I want whatever he's drinking.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f9a: T\u00f4i g\u1ecdi b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u00f4ng ta \u0111ang u\u1ed1ng.\n"}
{"en":"And they wrote back and said to me, well what do you really mean?\n","vi":"V\u00e0 h\u1ecd h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e1p v\u00e0 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng, th\u1ebf th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u00fd c\u1ee7a anh l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\n"}
{"en":"So they hit my question with a question.\n","vi":"V\u00e2ng h\u1ecd tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi t\u00f4i b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi.\n"}
{"en":"Second point: I want to see who are the creditors of the group who have been repaid?\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec3m th\u1ee9 2: T\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n xem nh\u1eefng ai trong nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee7 n\u1ee3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n?\n"}
{"en":"Let me pause here to point out to you all that 24 billion dollars of our money has been spent on this.\n","vi":"\u0110\u1ec3 t\u00f4i d\u1eebng l\u1ea1im\u1ed9t ch\u00fat \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 cho c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y 24 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e0nh cho \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"That is about three and a half billion U.S. dollars coming out of a small -- we used to be resource - rich -- Caribbean country.\n","vi":"T\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 kho\u1ea3ng 3 t\u1ef7 r\u01b0\u1ee1i \u0111\u00f4 la M\u1ef9 b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc Caribbean v\u1ed1n t\u1eebng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00e0u t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean \u1ea5y.\n"}
{"en":"And I asked the question, who was getting that three and a half billion dollars?\n","vi":"V\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi, ai l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n 3 t\u1ec9 r\u01b0\u1ee1i \u0111\u00f3?\n"}
{"en":"And I want to pause again to bring up context, because context helps us to get clarity understanding this thing.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 t\u00f4i xin d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m r\u00f5 ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh, b\u1edfi ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"There's a particular individual who is in the government now.\n","vi":"C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang thu\u1ed9c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7.\n"}
{"en":"The name of the person does n't matter.\n","vi":"T\u00ean c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng.\n"}
{"en":"And that person made a career out of using the Freedom of Information Act to advance his political cause.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt T\u1ef1 do th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.\n"}
{"en":"His name is n't important.\n","vi":"T\u00ean c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng.\n"}
{"en":"I would n't dignify it.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 n\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"I'm on a point.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u0111i v\u00e0o v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh.\n"}
{"en":"The point is, that person made a career out of using the Freedom of Information Act to advance his cause.\n","vi":"V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0, nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c nh\u1edd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt T\u1ef1 do th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 c\u1ee7a anh ta.\n"}
{"en":"And the most famous case was what we came to call the Secret Scholarship Scandal, where in fact there was about 60 million dollars in government money that had been dispersed in a series of scholarships, and the scholarships had n't been advertised, and so and so on and so on.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u1ee5 b\u00ea b\u1ed1i h\u1ecdc b\u1ed5ng b\u00ed m\u1eadt, v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c 60 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la ti\u1ec1n ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n ph\u00e1t v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc b\u1ed5ng, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc b\u1ed5ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o, v\u00e0 c\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.\n"}
{"en":"And he was able to get the court, using that act of Parliament, Freedom of Information Act, to release the information, and I thought that was excellent.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 anh ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra to\u00e0 \u00e1n, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, lu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 do th\u00f4ng tin. \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u0103ng th\u00f4ng tin, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ngh\u0129 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u1eadt tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi.\n"}
{"en":"But you see, the question is this: If it's right and proper for us to use the Freedom of Information Act and to use the court to force a disclosure about 60 million dollars in public money, it must be right and proper for us to force a disclosure about 24 billion dollars.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea5y, c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1eb7t ra l\u00e0: N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Lu\u1eadt T\u1ef1 do th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng to\u00e0 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 phanh phui s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng 60 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la \u0111\u00f3, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ch\u1eafc h\u1eb3n \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u00ed khi ch\u00fang ta phanh phui v\u1ec1 v\u1ee5 24 t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la.\n"}
{"en":"But the Ministry of Finance, the Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Finance, wrote me and said to me, that information is exempt too.\n","vi":"Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng b\u1ed9 T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, ban th\u01b0 k\u00fd hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i v\u00e0 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng, th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u1ec5n truy t\u1ed1.\n"}
{"en":"This is what we're dealing with, okay?\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft.\n"}
{"en":"The third thing I will tell you is that I also asked for the directors of CL Financial, whether in fact they were making filings under our Integrity in Public Life Act.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 3 t\u00f4i s\u1ebd n\u00f3i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00f4i c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5t v\u1ea5n c\u00e1c gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a CL Financial, li\u1ec7u tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf h\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u0111ang l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 theo Lu\u1eadt Minh b\u1ea1ch trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng.\n"}
{"en":"We have an Integrity in Public Life Act as part of our framework supposed to safeguard the nation's interest.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 Lu\u1eadt Minh b\u1ea1ch trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i qu\u1ed1c gia.\n"}
{"en":"And of course I've since discovered that they're not filing, and in fact the Minister of Finance has not even asked them to file.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean t\u1eeb khi t\u00f4i kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh b\u00e1o v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh th\u1eadm ch\u00ed kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.\n"}
{"en":"So here we have it.\n","vi":"Th\u1ebf m\u1edbi d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang b\u00e0n.\n"}
{"en":"We have a situation where the basic safeguards of integrity and accountability and transparency have all been discarded.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng khi m\u00e0 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 trung th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u00e0 minh b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb g\u1ea1t \u0111i h\u1ebft.\n"}
{"en":"I've asked the question in the legal and required fashion.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y theo m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.\n"}
{"en":"It's been ignored.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 n\u00f3 b\u1ecb ph\u1edbt l\u1edd.\n"}
{"en":"The sort of thing that motivated us around Section 34, we need to continue to work on that.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang ta quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh 34, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft n\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"We ca n't forget it.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qu\u00ean n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.\n"}
{"en":"I have defined this as the single largest expenditure in the country's history.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 chi ti\u00eau l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc.\n"}
{"en":"It's also the single largest example of public corruption according to this equation.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 tham nh\u0169ng c\u00f4ng n\u1ebfu x\u00e9t theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"And this is my reality check.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i.\n"}
{"en":"Where you have an expenditure of public money and it is without accountability and it's without transparency, it will always be equal to corruption, whether you're in Russia or Nigeria or Alaska, it will always be equal to corruption, and that is what we are dealing with here.\n","vi":"N\u01a1i b\u1ea1n ti\u00eau ti\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 minh b\u1ea1ch, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi tham nh\u0169ng, d\u00f9 b\u1ea1n \u1edf Nga, Nigeria hay Alaska, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi tham nh\u0169ng, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y.\n"}
{"en":"I'm going to continue the work to press on, to get some resolution of those matters at the Ministry of Finance.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c th\u00fac gi\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cho nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1ea1i B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh.\n"}
{"en":"If it is I have to go to court personally, I will do that.\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ebfn to\u00e0 \u00e1n, t\u00f4i c\u0169ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0m.\n"}
{"en":"We will continue to press on.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp d\u1ee5c th\u00fac gi\u1ee5c.\n"}
{"en":"We will continue to work within JCC.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi JCC.\n"}
{"en":"But I want to step back from the Trinidad and Tobago context and bring something new to the table in terms of an international example.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n ra kh\u1ecfi ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a Trinidad v\u00e0 Tobago t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1edbi h\u01a1n khi x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.\n"}
{"en":"We had the journalist [Heather] Brooke speaking about her battle against government corruption, and she introduced me to this website, Alaveteli.com.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o [Heather] Brooke n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i tham nh\u0169ng trong ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u cho t\u00f4i trang web n\u00e0y, Alaveteli. com.\n"}
{"en":"And Alaveteli.com is a way for us to have an open database for Freedom of Information applications, and speak with each other.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 Alaveteli. com l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edf cho nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a T\u1ef1 do th\u00f4ng tin, v\u00e0 n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi nhau.\n"}
{"en":"I could see what you're applying for.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng.\n"}
{"en":"You could see what I applied for and what replies I got.\n","vi":"B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u00f4i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi m\u00e0 t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.\n"}
{"en":"We can work on it together. We need to build a collective database and a collective understanding of where we are to go to the next point.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng nhau gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft n\u00f3. c\u00f9ng nhau x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng nhau t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn.\n"}
{"en":"We need to increase the consciousness.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n n\u00e2ng cao nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c.\n"}
{"en":"The final thing I want to say is in relation to this one, which is a lovely website from India called IPaidABribe.com.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trang web \u0111\u00e1ng y\u00eau t\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, c\u00f3 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 IPAidABribe. com.\n"}
{"en":"They have international branches, and it's important for us to tune into this one.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng chi nh\u00e1nh qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng cho ch\u00fang ta khi truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o.\n"}
{"en":"IPaidABribe.com is really important, a good one to log on to and see.\n","vi":"IPaidABribe. com th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng, m\u1ed9t trang web \u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00f4ng tin\n"}
{"en":"I'm going to pause there.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i s\u1ebd d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y.\n"}
{"en":"I'm going to ask you for your courage.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u1edf b\u1ea1n s\u1ef1 d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m.\n"}
{"en":"Discard the first myth; it is a crime.\n","vi":"Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf l\u1ea7m t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean; n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed9i \u00e1c.\n"}
{"en":"Discard the second myth; it is a big thing.\n","vi":"Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf l\u1ea7m t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee9 hai; n\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng.\n"}
{"en":"It's a huge problem.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1edbn.\n"}
{"en":"It's an economic crime.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed9i \u00e1c kinh t\u1ebf.\n"}
{"en":"And let us continue working together to betterment in this situation, stability and sustainability in our society.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.\n"}
{"en":"I'm going to talk a little bit about strategy and its relationship with technology.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i s\u1ebd n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.\n"}
{"en":"We tend to think of business strategy as being a rather abstract body of essentially economic thought, perhaps rather timeless.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh doanh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4n kh\u00e1 tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f2n m\u00e3i v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian.\n"}
{"en":"I'm going to argue that, in fact, business strategy has always been premised on assumptions about technology, that those assumptions are changing, and, in fact, changing quite dramatically, and that therefore what that will drive us to is a different concept of what we mean by business strategy.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i s\u1ebd tranh lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng, th\u1ef1c ra, chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh doanh lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n l\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0m ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f3 lu\u00f4n thay \u0111\u1ed5i, v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00e1 nhanh, do v\u1eady \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7t ra v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 \u0111i t\u00ecm m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh doanh.\n"}
{"en":"Let me start, if I may, with a little bit of history.\n","vi":"\u0110\u1ec3 m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u, t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed.\n"}
{"en":"The idea of strategy in business owes its origins to two intellectual giants: Bruce Henderson, the founder of BCG, and Michael Porter, professor at the Harvard Business School.\n","vi":"\u00dd t\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c trong kinh doanh c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb hai nh\u00e0 tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c l\u1edbn: Bruce Henderson, ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a BCG, v\u00e0 Michael Porter, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Khoa Kinh Doanh \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Harvard\n"}
{"en":"Henderson's central idea was what you might call the Napoleonic idea of concentrating mass against weakness, of overwhelming the enemy.\n","vi":"t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Henderson, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft Napoleon v\u1ec1 t\u1eadp trung l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1nh v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu, \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7.\n"}
{"en":"What Henderson recognized was that, in the business world, there are many phenomena which are characterized by what economists would call increasing returns -- scale, experience.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u00e8uHenderson nh\u1eadn ra trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kinh doanh l\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u0103ng l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m.\n"}
{"en":"The more you do of something, disproportionately the better you get.\n","vi":"S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t quy m\u00f4 c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn th\u00ec chi ph\u00ed c\u00e0ng gi\u1ea3m.\n"}
{"en":"And therefore he found a logic for investing in such kinds of overwhelming mass in order to achieve competitive advantage.\n","vi":"Do \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng t\u00ecm ra m\u1ed9t logic \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 d\u00f9ng ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00e0nh l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ea1nh tranh.\n"}
{"en":"And that was the first introduction of essentially a military concept of strategy into the business world.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kinh doanh.\n"}
{"en":"Porter agreed with that premise, but he qualified it.\n","vi":"Porter \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi gi\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u00e2ng n\u00f3 l\u00ean.\n"}
{"en":"He pointed out, correctly, that that's all very well, but businesses actually have multiple steps to them.\n","vi":"\u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c r\u1eb1ng l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0ng kinh doanh th\u1ef1c ra c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u01b0\u1edbc.\n"}
{"en":"They have different components, and each of those components might be driven by a different kind of strategy.\n","vi":"Nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1c nhau.\n"}
{"en":"A company or a business might actually be advantaged in some activities but disadvantaged in others.\n","vi":"M\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty ho\u1eb7c doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i \u1edf l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c.\n"}
{"en":"He formed the concept of the value chain, essentially the sequence of steps with which a, shall we say, raw material, becomes a component, becomes assembled into a finished product, and then is distributed, for example, and he argued that advantage accrued to each of those components, and that the advantage of the whole was in some sense the sum or the average of that of its parts.\n","vi":"\u00d4ng n\u00eau kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc cho m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, r\u1ed3i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i, \u00f4ng cho r\u1eb1ng, l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch l\u1ea1i trong m\u1ed7i h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea7n, v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ph\u00e9p c\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea7n.\n"}
{"en":"And this idea of the value chain was predicated on the recognition that what holds a business together is transaction costs, that in essence you need to coordinate, organizations are more efficient at coordination than markets, very often, and therefore the nature and role and boundaries of the cooperation are defined by transaction costs.\n","vi":"\u00dd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1edbi th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng chi ph\u00ed giao d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n duy tr\u00ec doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i, th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i cao h\u01a1n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, do \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t, vai tr\u00f2 v\u00e0 ranh gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean chi ph\u00ed giao d\u1ecbch.\n"}
{"en":"It was on those two ideas, Henderson's idea of increasing returns to scale and experience, and Porter's idea of the value chain, encompassing heterogenous elements, that the whole edifice of business strategy was subsequently erected.\n","vi":"Ch\u00ednh hai \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng, v\u1ec1 t\u0103ng l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a Henderson, v\u00e0 chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1ed5ng ho\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Poter, \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ee3p t\u00e0nh n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh doanh v\u1ec1 sau \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o l\u00ean.\n"}
{"en":"Now what I'm going to argue is that those premises are, in fact, being invalidated.\n","vi":"Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 ra c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3, th\u1ef1c ra l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u0103n c\u1ee9.\n"}
{"en":"There are really two components to transaction costs.\n","vi":"Th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 hai h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o n\u00ean chi ph\u00ed giao dich\n"}
{"en":"One is about processing information, and the other is about communication.\n","vi":"m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin, hai l\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng.\n"}
{"en":"These are the economics of processing and communicating as they have evolved over a long period of time.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u00f4n kinh t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y.\n"}
{"en":"As we all know from so many contexts, they have been radically transformed since the days when Porter and Henderson first formulated their theories.\n","vi":"Ta \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng, ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i bi\u1ebfn r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u t\u1eeb khi Porter v\u00e0 Henderson x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean.\n"}
{"en":"In particular, since the mid-'90s, communications costs have actually been falling even faster than transaction costs, which is why communication, the Internet, has exploded in such a dramatic fashion.\n","vi":"C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 t\u1eeb gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 90, chi ph\u00ed truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m th\u1eadm ch\u00ed nhanh h\u01a1n chi ph\u00ed giao d\u1ecbch, v\u00ec truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, Internet \u0111\u00e3 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd.\n"}
{"en":"Now, those falling transaction costs have profound consequences, because if transaction costs are the glue that hold value chains together, and they are falling, there is less to economize on.\n","vi":"Chi ph\u00ed giao d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc, v\u00ec n\u1ebfu chi ph\u00ed giao d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t keo k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u1edbi nhau, th\u00ec khi ch\u00fang gi\u1ea3m \u0111i l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m.\n"}
{"en":"There is less need for vertically integrated organization, and value chains at least can break up.\n","vi":"C\u1ea7n \u00edt h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c li\u00ean k\u1ebft theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u00edt nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1.\n"}
{"en":"They need n't necessarily, but they can.\n","vi":"Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft c\u1ea7n ph\u00e1, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1.\n"}
{"en":"In particular, it then becomes possible for a competitor in one business to use their position in one step of the value chain in order to penetrate or attack or disintermediate the competitor in another.\n","vi":"\u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 khi, n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ea1nh tranh trong kinh doanh t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ea1nh tranh kh\u00e1c.\n"}
{"en":"That is not just an abstract proposition.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.\n"}
{"en":"A poster child example was the encyclopedia business.\n","vi":"V\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u kinh doanh b\u00e1ch khoa th\u01b0.\n"}
{"en":"The encyclopedia business in the days of leatherbound books was basically a distribution business.\n","vi":"Kinh doanh b\u00e1ch khoa th\u01b0 trong th\u1eddi s\u00e1ch b\u1ecdc b\u00eca da c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u kinh doanh ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i.\n"}
{"en":"Most of the cost was the commission to the salesmen.\n","vi":"H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft chi ph\u00ed l\u00e0 hoa h\u1ed3ng cho nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng.\n"}
{"en":"The CD - ROM and then the Internet came along, new technologies made the distribution of knowledge many orders of magnitude cheaper, and the encyclopedia industry collapsed.\n","vi":"CD - ROM v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Internet \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi l\u00e0m cho vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 tri th\u1ee9c b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch r\u1ebb h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1ch khoa to\u00e0n th\u01b0 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 s\u1ea3n.\n"}
{"en":"It's now, of course, a very familiar story.\n","vi":"Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh r\u1ea5t quen thu\u1ed9c.\n"}
{"en":"This, in fact, more generally was the story of the first generation of the Internet economy.\n","vi":"Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, n\u00f3i chung \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf m\u1ea1ng.\n"}
{"en":"It was about falling transaction costs breaking up value chains and therefore allowing disintermediation, or what we call deconstruction.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed giao d\u1ecbch ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 c\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb do v\u1eady cho ph\u00e9p lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf kh\u00e2u trung gian, ho\u1eb7c ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m.\n"}
{"en":"One of the questions I was occasionally asked was, well, what's going to replace the encyclopedia when Britannica no longer has a business model?\n","vi":"Th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi, c\u00e1i g\u00ec thay th\u1ebf b\u00e1ch khoa th\u01b0 khi Britannica kh\u00f4ng kinh doanh m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y n\u1eefa?\n"}
{"en":"And it was a while before the answer became manifest.\n","vi":"C\u0169ng m\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00f3 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi.\n"}
{"en":"Now, of course, we know what it is: it's the Wikipedia.\n","vi":"B\u00e2y gi\u1edd, d\u0129 nhi\u00ean ta bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 Wikipedia.\n"}
{"en":"Now what's special about the Wikipedia is not its distribution.\n","vi":"C\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a Wikipedia kh\u00f4ng \u1edf s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3,\n"}
{"en":"What's special about the Wikipedia is the way it's produced.\n","vi":"m\u00e0 \u1edf c\u00e1ch n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra.\n"}
{"en":"The Wikipedia, of course, is an encyclopedia created by its users.\n","vi":"Wikipedia, t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e1ch khoa th\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.\n"}
{"en":"And this, in fact, defines what you might call the second decade of the Internet economy, the decade in which the Internet as a noun became the Internet as a verb.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u00e1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf m\u1ea1ng, th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 m\u00e0 Internet t\u1eeb ch\u1ed7 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t danh t\u1eeb tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb.\n"}
{"en":"It became a set of conversations, the era in which user - generated content and social networks became the dominant phenomenon.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n trong giao ti\u1ebfp, k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean trong \u0111\u00f3 n\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i do ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng t\u1ea1o ra tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn.\n"}
{"en":"Now what that really meant in terms of the Porter - Henderson framework was the collapse of certain kinds of economies of scale.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a theo l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Porter - Henderson l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i kinh t\u1ebf d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o quy m\u00f4.\n"}
{"en":"It turned out that tens of thousands of autonomous individuals writing an encyclopedia could do just as good a job, and certainly a much cheaper job, than professionals in a hierarchical organization.\n","vi":"Ho\u00e1 ra c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c ng\u00e0n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n t\u1ef1 vi\u1ebft cu\u1ed1n b\u00e1ch khoa th\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, v\u00e0 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn l\u00e0m r\u1ebb h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n trong m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ee9 b\u1eadc.\n"}
{"en":"So basically what was happening was that one layer of this value chain was becoming fragmented, as individuals could take over where organizations were no longer needed.\n","vi":"V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u00e1i \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea7ng trong chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ee1, khi c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ecb tr\u00ed m\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft n\u1eefa.\n"}
{"en":"But there's another question that obviously this graph poses, which is, okay, we've gone through two decades -- does anything distinguish the third?\n","vi":"C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi kh\u00e1c r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7t ra, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ed3i, ta \u0111\u00e3 qua hai th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 C\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 ba?\n"}
{"en":"And what I'm going to argue is that indeed something does distinguish the third, and it maps exactly on to the kind of Porter - Henderson logic that we've been talking about.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i cho r\u1eb1ng qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 3 v\u00e0 n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c logic c\u1ee7a Porter - Henderson m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ra \u0111ang n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn.\n"}
{"en":"And that is, about data.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.\n"}
{"en":"If we go back to around 2000, a lot of people were talking about the information revolution, and it was indeed true that the world's stock of data was growing, indeed growing quite fast.\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu ta tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 2000, r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng th\u00f4ng tin, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang t\u0103ng, t\u0103ng kh\u00e1 nhanh.\n"}
{"en":"but it was still at that point overwhelmingly analog.\n","vi":"nh\u01b0ng v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 analog.\n"}
{"en":"We go forward to 2007, not only had the world's stock of data exploded, but there'd been this massive substitution of digital for analog.\n","vi":"Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2007 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 thay th\u1ebf l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a k\u1ef9 thu\u1ea5t s\u1ed1 cho analog.\n"}
{"en":"And more important even than that, if you look more carefully at this graph, what you will observe is that about a half of that digital data is information that has an I.P. address.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 quan trong h\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1ebfu xem k\u1ef9 bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda d\u1eef li\u1ec7u s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 I. P.\n"}
{"en":"It's on a server or it's on a P.C.\n","vi":"Th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y \u1edf tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t P. C.\n"}
{"en":"But having an I.P. address means that it can be connected to any other data that has an I.P. address.\n","vi":"C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 I. P. ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i t\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 I. P.\n"}
{"en":"It means it becomes possible to put together half of the world's knowledge in order to see patterns, an entirely new thing.\n","vi":"Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda tri th\u1ee9c tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy lu\u1eadt, m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1edbi m\u1ebb.\n"}
{"en":"If we run the numbers forward to today, it probably looks something like this.\n","vi":"Tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, th\u00ec t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 t\u1eeba t\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"We're not really sure.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt ch\u1eafc.\n"}
{"en":"If we run the numbers forward to 2020, we of course have an exact number, courtesy of IDC.\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu nh\u1eafm t\u1edbi n\u0103m 2020 ta ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn c\u00f3 con s\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a IDC\n"}
{"en":"It's curious that the future is so much more predictable than the present.\n","vi":"Th\u1eadt k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai l\u1ea1i d\u1ec5 \u0111o\u00e1n h\u01a1n hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.\n"}
{"en":"And what it implies is a hundredfold multiplication in the stock of information that is connected via an I.P. address.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00f3 h\u00e0m \u00fd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e9p nh\u00e2n m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m l\u1ea7n trong kho th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 I. P.\n"}
{"en":"Now, if the number of connections that we can make is proportional to the number of pairs of data points, a hundredfold multiplication in the quantity of data is a ten -thousandfold multiplication in the number of patterns that we can see in that data, this just in the last 10 or 11 years.\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eadp t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 c\u1eb7p c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, m\u1ed9t ph\u00e9p nh\u00e2n g\u1ea5p tr\u0103m l\u1ea7n trong s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e9p nh\u00e2n g\u1ea5p m\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u00e0n l\u1ea7n trong s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh, m\u00e0 ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y trong d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00f2ng 10 ho\u1eb7c 11 n\u0103m qua.\n"}
{"en":"This, I would submit, is a sea change, a profound change in the economics of the world that we live in.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i th\u00e1y \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbn m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u00e2u s\u1eafc trong kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng.\n"}
{"en":"The first human genome, that of James Watson, was mapped as the culmination of the Human Genome Project in the year 2000, and it took about 200 million dollars and about 10 years of work to map just one person's genomic makeup.\n","vi":"B\u1ed9 gen ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a James Watson \u0111\u01b0\u01a1c l\u1eadp b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 n\u0103m 2000 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec9nh cao c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n gen ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 200 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng 10 n\u0103m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 gen ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho b\u1ed9 gen c\u1ee7a ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi.\n"}
{"en":"Since then, the costs of mapping the genome have come down.\n","vi":"T\u1eeb sau \u0111\u00f3, chi ph\u00ed l\u1eadp b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 b\u1ed9 gen ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng.\n"}
{"en":"In fact, they've come down in recent years very dramatically indeed, to the point where the cost is now below 1,000 dollars, and it's confidently predicted that by the year 2015 it will be below 100 dollars -- a five or six order of magnitude drop in the cost of genomic mapping in just a 15 - year period, an extraordinary phenomenon.\n","vi":"Th\u1ef1c ra, \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0i n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, gi\u00e1 t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i l\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1edbi 1000 USD d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2015 s\u1ebd d\u01b0\u1edbi 100 USD - - c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m t\u1eeb n\u0103m \u0111\u1ebfn s\u00e1u con s\u1ed1 trong gi\u00e1 l\u1eadp b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 gen ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00f2ng 15 n\u0103m, la m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u phi th\u01b0\u1eddng.\n"}
{"en":"Now, in the days when mapping a genome cost millions, or even tens of thousands, it was basically a research enterprise.\n","vi":"Trong th\u1eddi l\u1eadp b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 gen t\u1ed1n h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c ng\u00e0n USD, c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t doanh nghi\u1ec7p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u\n"}
{"en":"Scientists would gather some representative people, and they would see patterns, and they would try and make generalizations about human nature and disease from the abstract patterns they find from these particular selected individuals.\n","vi":"C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 h\u1ecd nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ecd th\u1ea5y \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn.\n"}
{"en":"But when the genome can be mapped for 100 bucks, 99 dollars while you wait, then what happens is, it becomes retail.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng khi b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 gen ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 100 $, 99USD trong khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ee3i, sau \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh gi\u00e1 b\u00e1n l\u1ebb.\n"}
{"en":"It becomes above all clinical.\n","vi":"Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng\n"}
{"en":"You go the doctor with a cold, and if he or she has n't done it already, the first thing they do is map your genome, at which point what they're now doing is not starting from some abstract knowledge of genomic medicine and trying to work out how it applies to you, but they're starting from your particular genome.\n","vi":"B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i t\u1edbi b\u00e1c s\u0129 v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh c\u1ea3m l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 gen \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean h\u1ecd l\u00e0m l\u00e0 l\u1eadp b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 gen c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00e1i h\u1ecd \u0111ang l\u00e0m b\u00e2y gi\u1edd kh\u00f4ng xu\u00e2t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 y h\u1ecdc di truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 xem l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n m\u00e0 l\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb gen ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.\n"}
{"en":"Now think of the power of that.\n","vi":"H\u00e3y h\u00ecnh dung s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"Think of where that takes us when we can combine genomic data with clinical data with data about drug interactions with the kind of ambient data that devices like our phone and medical sensors will increasingly be collecting.\n","vi":"Ngh\u0129 xem n\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a ta t\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2u khi ch\u00fang ra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 gen v\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a thu\u1ed1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u xung quanh c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn y h\u1ecdc ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu th\u1eadp.\n"}
{"en":"Think what happens when we collect all of that data and we can put it together in order to find patterns we would n't see before.\n","vi":"Chuy\u1ec7n g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra khi ta thu th\u1eadp c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u00e0 ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"This, I would suggest, perhaps it will take a while, but this will drive a revolution in medicine.\n","vi":"C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 s\u1ebd th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng trong y h\u1ecdc\n"}
{"en":"Fabulous, lots of people talk about this.\n","vi":"Qu\u00e1 tuy\u1ec7t, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"But there's one thing that does n't get much attention.\n","vi":"Nh\u1eefng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd nhi\u1ec1u.\n"}
{"en":"How is that model of colossal sharing across all of those kinds of databases compatible with the business models of institutions and organizations and corporations that are involved in this business today?\n","vi":"L\u00e0 l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh chia s\u1ebb \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00f4 hinh kinh doanh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn kinh doanh h\u00f4m nay?\n"}
{"en":"If your business is based on proprietary data, if your competitive advantage is defined by your data, how on Earth is that company or is that society in fact going to achieve the value that's implicit in the technology?\n","vi":"n\u1ebfu vi\u1ec7c kinh doanh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n n\u1ebfu l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7?\n"}
{"en":"They ca n't.\n","vi":"H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3.\n"}
{"en":"So essentially what's happening here, and genomics is merely one example of this, is that technology is driving the natural scaling of the activity beyond the institutional boundaries within which we have been used to thinking about it, and in particular beyond the institutional boundaries in terms of which business strategy as a discipline is formulated.\n","vi":"V\u00ec v\u1eady, v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u00e1i \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, v\u00e0 gen ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111ang th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 c\u00e1c ranh gi\u1edbi th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf trong \u0111\u00f3 n\u1ebfp ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 quen thu\u1ed9c, v\u00e0 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua ranh gi\u1edbi th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf quan ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh doanh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ngh\u00e0nh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh.\n"}
{"en":"The basic story here is that what used to be vertically integrated, oligopolistic competition among essentially similar kinds of competitors is evolving, by one means or another, from a vertical structure to a horizontal one.\n","vi":"C\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 l\u1ed3ng g\u00e9p theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc, c\u1ea1nh tranh \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n nh\u00f3m gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng nhau \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y hay c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u00e0nh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u1eb1m ngang.\n"}
{"en":"Why is that happening?\n","vi":"T\u1ea1i sao \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra?\n"}
{"en":"It's happening because transaction costs are plummeting and because scale is polarizing.\n","vi":"B\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00e1c chi phi giao d\u1ecbch \u0111ang gi\u1ea3m m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 b\u1edfi v\u00ec quy m\u00f4 \u0111ang ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c.\n"}
{"en":"The plummeting of transaction costs weakens the glue that holds value chains together, and allows them to separate.\n","vi":"S\u1ef1 s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a chi phi giao d\u1ecbch l\u00e0m y\u1ebfu ch\u1ea5t keo gi\u1eef chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u1edbi nhau, v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang t\u00e1ch ra.\n"}
{"en":"The polarization of scale economies towards the very small -- small is beautiful -- allows for scalable communities to substitute for conventional corporate production.\n","vi":"S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u1edbn h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf - - nh\u1ecf l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb9p - - cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf thay th\u1ebf cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty\n"}
{"en":"The scaling in the opposite direction, towards things like big data, drive the structure of business towards the creation of new kinds of institutions that can achieve that scale.\n","vi":"Vi\u1ec7c nh\u00e2n r\u1ed9ng theo h\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn, khi\u1ebfn cho c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy m\u00f4 \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"But either way, the typically vertical structure gets driven to becoming more horizontal.\n","vi":"nh\u01b0ng d\u00f9 theo h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0o, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng sang chi\u1ec1u ngang.\n"}
{"en":"The logic is n't just about big data.\n","vi":"Logic c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn.\n"}
{"en":"If we were to look, for example, at the telecommunications industry, you can tell the same story about fiber optics.\n","vi":"Ta h\u00e3y xem ngh\u00e0nh vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1ec1 s\u1ee3i c\u00e1p quang.\n"}
{"en":"If we look at the pharmaceutical industry, or, for that matter, university research, you can say exactly the same story about so - called \"big science.\"\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o ng\u00e0nh d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m, ho\u1eb7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \"khoa h\u1ecdc l\u1edbn.\"\n"}
{"en":"And in the opposite direction, if we look, say, at the energy sector, where all the talk is about how households will be efficient producers of green energy and efficient conservers of energy, that is, in fact, the reverse phenomenon.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 theo h\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ra nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, n\u01a1i c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh s\u1ebd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xanh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng hi\u1ec3u qu\u1ea3, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0, tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ec1u.\n"}
{"en":"That is the fragmentation of scale because the very small can substitute for the traditional corporate scale.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ph\u00e2n m\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a quy m\u00f4 b\u1eddi v\u00ec c\u00e1i r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf cho quy m\u00f4 c\u00f4ng ty truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng.\n"}
{"en":"Either way, what we are driven to is this horizontalization of the structure of industries, and that implies fundamental changes in how we think about strategy.\n","vi":"Theo c\u1ea3 hai c\u00e1ch, c\u00e1i ch\u00fang ra h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac chi\u1ec1u ngang c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ngh\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u0103n b\u1ea3n trong c\u00e1ch ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c.\n"}
{"en":"It means, for example, that we need to think about strategy as the curation of these kinds of horizontal structure, where things like business definition and even industry definition are actually the outcomes of strategy, not something that the strategy presupposes.\n","vi":"Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, v\u00ed d\u1ee5, ch\u00fang ra c\u1ea7n ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ngang, n\u01a1i nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a kinh doanh v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u01a1c, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1i chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eb7n ra.\n"}
{"en":"It means, for example, we need to work out how to accommodate collaboration and competition simultaneously.\n","vi":"Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, v\u00ed d\u1ee5, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ch\u1ec9 ra c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u1eabn c\u00f3 c\u1ea1nh tranh.\n"}
{"en":"Think about the genome.\n","vi":"H\u00e3y ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 b\u1ed9 gen,\n"}
{"en":"We need to accommodate the very large and the very small simultaneously.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i dung h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1i r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u1edbi c\u00e1i r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf.\n"}
{"en":"And we need industry structures that will accommodate very, very different motivations, from the amateur motivations of people in communities to maybe the social motivations of infrastructure built by governments, or, for that matter, cooperative institutions built by companies that are otherwise competing, because that is the only way that they can get to scale.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u1ea7n c\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng dung h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c r\u1ea5t l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c nhau t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, ho\u1eb7c, cho v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty \u0111ang c\u1ea1nh tranh \u1edf l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c, v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quy m\u00f4.\n"}
{"en":"These kinds of transformations render the traditional premises of business strategy obsolete.\n","vi":"Nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i bi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh doanh b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi.\n"}
{"en":"They drive us into a completely new world.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0a ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1edbi.\n"}
{"en":"They require us, whether we are in the public sector or the private sector, to think very fundamentally differently about the structure of business, and, at last, it makes strategy interesting again.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u00fang ta, b\u1ea5t lu\u1eadn \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u trong khu v\u1ef1c nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc hay t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i suy ngh\u0129 kh\u00e1c \u0111i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u0103n b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, n\u00f3 l\u00e0m cho m\u00f4n chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i.\n"}
{"en":"It's six o'clock in the morning, pitch black outside.\n","vi":"S\u00e1u gi\u1edd s\u00e1ng, b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi t\u1ed1i om.\n"}
{"en":"My 14 - year - old son is fast asleep in his bed, sleeping the reckless, deep sleep of a teenager.\n","vi":"\u0110\u1ee9a con trai 14 tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111ang ng\u1ee7 say, gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7 say n\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb v\u1ecb th\u00e0nh ni\u00ean.\n"}
{"en":"I flip on the light and physically shake the poor boy awake, because I know that, like ripping off a Band - Aid, it's better to get it over with quickly.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i b\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 lay m\u1ea1nh th\u1eb1ng b\u00e9, v\u00ec t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c th\u00e1o b\u0103ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00e0ng l\u00e0m nhanh th\u00ec c\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5.\n"}
{"en":"(Laughter) I have a friend who yells \"Fire!\" just to rouse her sleeping teen.\n","vi":"[C\u01b0\u1eddi] T\u00f4i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4 b\u1ea1n c\u1ee9 s\u00e1ng s\u00e1ng l\u00e0 h\u00e9t: \"Ho\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1n!\" ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1ee9c con c\u00f4 \u1ea5y.\n"}
{"en":"And another who got so fed up that she had to dump cold water on her son's head just to get him out of bed.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c c\u00f4 \u1ea5y ph\u1ea3i d\u1ed9i n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ea1nh l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u con trai ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00f4i n\u00f3 ra kh\u1ecfi gi\u01b0\u1eddng.\n"}
{"en":"but perhaps familiar?\n","vi":"nh\u01b0ng r\u1ea5t quen \u0111\u00fang kh\u00f4ng?\n"}
{"en":"Every morning I ask myself, \"How can I -- knowing what I know and doing what I do for a living -- be doing this to my own son?\"\n","vi":"C\u1ee9 m\u1ed7i bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng t\u00f4i l\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi, \"L\u00e0m sao m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh bi\u1ebft h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u00e0 l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y - - l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf v\u1edbi con m\u00ecnh?\"\n"}
{"en":"You see, I'm a sleep researcher.\n","vi":"Th\u01b0a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb, t\u00f4i l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7.\n"}
{"en":"(Laughter) So I know far too much about sleep and the consequences of sleep loss.\n","vi":"(C\u01b0\u1eddi) V\u1eady n\u00ean t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft qu\u00e1 r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c m\u1ea5t ng\u1ee7.\n"}
{"en":"I know that I'm depriving my son of the sleep he desperately needs as a rapidly growing teenager.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i bi\u1ebft t\u00f4i \u0111ang c\u01b0\u1edbp \u0111i gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7 m\u00e0 th\u1eb1ng b\u00e9 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n... \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb \u0111ang l\u1edbn\n"}
{"en":"I also know that by waking him up hours before his natural biological clock tells him he's ready, I'm literally robbing him of his dreams -- the type of sleep most associated with learning, memory consolidation and emotional processing.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1ee9c th\u1eb1ng b\u00e9 s\u1edbm h\u00e0ng ti\u1ebfng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u00f3 t\u1ef1 th\u1ee9c d\u1eady theo \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 sinh h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1edbp \u0111i gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1 c\u1ee7a con, \u0111\u00fang theo ngh\u0129a \u0111en - - Kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian ng\u1ee7 li\u00ean quan ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 tr\u00ed nh\u1edb v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u1ea3m x\u00fac.\n"}
{"en":"But it's not just my kid that's being deprived of sleep.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 con t\u00f4i m\u1edbi \u0111ang thi\u1ebfu ng\u1ee7\n"}
{"en":"Sleep deprivation among American teenagers is an epidemic.\n","vi":"T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu ng\u1ee7 \u1edf tr\u1ebb v\u1ecb th\u00e0nh ni\u00ean t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9 \u0111ang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch.\n"}
{"en":"Only about one in 10 gets the eight to 10 hours of sleep per night recommended by sleep scientists and pediatricians.\n","vi":"Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t tr\u00ean m\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ee7 t\u00e1m \u0111\u1ebfn m\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebfng m\u1ed7i t\u1ed1i, kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 b\u00e1c s\u0129 khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb\n"}
{"en":"Now, if you're thinking to yourself, \"Phew, we're doing good, my kid's getting eight hours,\" remember, eight hours is the minimum recommendation.\n","vi":"Gi\u1edd n\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111ang ngh\u0129, \"May qu\u00e1, con m\u00ecnh v\u1eabn ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ee7 t\u00e1m ti\u1ebfng\" Xin h\u00e3y nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng, t\u00e1m ti\u1ebfng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb th\u00f4i\n"}
{"en":"You're barely passing.\n","vi":"Qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ed7 th\u00f4i.\n"}
{"en":"Eight hours is kind of like getting a C on your report card.\n","vi":"Ng\u1ee7 t\u00e1m ti\u1ebfng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec3m C v\u1eady.\n"}
{"en":"There are many factors contributing to this epidemic, but a major factor preventing teens from getting the sleep they need is actually a matter of public policy.\n","vi":"C\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n g\u00e2y ra b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch n\u00e0y Nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea3n l\u0169 tr\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ee7 gi\u1ea5c l\u00e0 do v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng.\n"}
{"en":"Not hormones, social lives or Snapchat.\n","vi":"Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i hormones, chuy\u1ec7n b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 hay Snapchat.\n"}
{"en":"Across the country, many schools are starting around 7:30 am or earlier, despite the fact that major medical organizations recommend that middle and high school start no earlier than 8:30 am.\n","vi":"Tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o l\u00fac 7: 30 s\u00e1ng ho\u1eb7c s\u1edbm h\u01a1n. d\u00f9 cho r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c y t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb r\u1eb1ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea5p hai v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p ba kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc 8: 30 s\u00e1ng.\n"}
{"en":"These early start policies have a direct effect on how much -- or really how little sleep American teenagers are getting.\n","vi":"Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu ng\u1ee7 \u1edf tr\u1ebb v\u1ecb th\u00e0nh ni\u00ean M\u1ef9 hi\u1ec7n nay.\n"}
{"en":"They're also pitting teenagers and their parents in a fundamentally unwinnable fight against their own bodies.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea9y nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb v\u00e0 ba m\u1eb9 ch\u00fang v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2n s\u1ee9c ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 m\u00ecnh.\n"}
{"en":"Around the time of puberty, teenagers experience a delay in their biological clock, which determines when we feel most awake and when we feel most sleepy.\n","vi":"V\u00e0o tu\u1ed5i d\u1eady th\u00ec, c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecdn tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 trong \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 sinh h\u1ecdc, Th\u1ee9 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh khi n\u00e0o ta c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y bu\u1ed3n ng\u1ee7 nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh t\u00e1o nh\u1ea5t.\n"}
{"en":"This is driven in part by a shift in the release of the hormone melatonin.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 do qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng hormone melatonin\n"}
{"en":"Teenagers' bodies wait to start releasing melatonin until around 11 pm, which is two hours later than what we see in adults or younger children.\n","vi":"C\u01a1 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ebb v\u1ecb th\u00e0nh ni\u00ean b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng melatonin v\u00e0o 11 gi\u1edd \u0111\u00eam Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n 2 ti\u1ebfng so v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn v\u00e0 tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf.\n"}
{"en":"This means that waking a teenager up at 6 am is the biological equivalent of waking an adult up at 4 am.\n","vi":"T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb v\u1ecb th\u00e0nh ni\u00ean v\u00e0o l\u00fac 6 gi\u1edd s\u00e1ng ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn l\u00fac 4 gi\u1edd s\u00e1ng.\n"}
{"en":"On the unfortunate days when I have to wake up at 4 am, I'm a zombie.\n","vi":"Trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y ch\u1eb3ng may ph\u1ea3i th\u1ee9c gi\u1ea5c v\u00e0o l\u00fac 4 gi\u1edd s\u00e1ng T\u00f4i y nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t x\u00e1c s\u1ed1ng.\n"}
{"en":"Functionally useless.\n","vi":"Ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00f4 d\u1ee5ng.\n"}
{"en":"But this is how many American teenagers feel every single school day.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 b\u1ecdn tr\u1ebb ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"In fact, many of the, shall we say, unpleasant characteristics that we chalk up to being a teenager -- moodiness, irritability, laziness, depression -- could be a product of chronic sleep deprivation.\n","vi":"Th\u1eadt ra, c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u t\u1eadt x\u1ea5u m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i do tr\u1ebb \u0111ang trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u1ecb th\u00e0nh ni\u00ean nh\u01b0 d\u1ec5 b\u1ef1c m\u00ecnh, c\u00e1u g\u1eaft, l\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00e1c, tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m... c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ea5t ng\u1ee7 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i.\n"}
{"en":"For many teens battling chronic sleep loss, their go - to strategy to compensate is consuming large quantities of caffeine in the form of venti frappuccinos, or energy drinks and shots.\n","vi":"Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb ph\u1ea3i chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u1edbi m\u1ea5t ng\u1ee7 m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh, th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ecm t\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 thu n\u1ea1p m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn caffeine qua nh\u1eefng c\u1ed1c c\u00e0 ph\u00ea frappuccinos, hay n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u0103ng l\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c r\u01b0\u1ee3u.\n"}
{"en":"So essentially, we've got an entire population of tired but wired youth.\n","vi":"Cho n\u00ean v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t ta c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 h\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi.\n"}
{"en":"Advocates of sleep - friendly start times know that adolescence is a period of dramatic brain development, particularly in the parts of the brain that are responsible for those higher order thinking processes, including reasoning, problem - solving and good judgment.\n","vi":"Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 vi\u1ec7c ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ee7 gi\u1ea5c v\u00e0 d\u1eddi gi\u1edd h\u1ecdc mu\u1ed9n h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng d\u1eady th\u00ec l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n b\u1ed9 n\u00e3o ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 n\u00e3o ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f3 cao h\u01a1n, bao g\u1ed3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch, gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.\n"}
{"en":"In other words, the very type of brain activity that's responsible for reining in those impulsive and often risky behaviors that are so characteristic of adolescence and that are so terrifying to us parents of teenagers.\n","vi":"N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e3o b\u1ed9 ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea3n n\u0103ng v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng mang t\u00ednh li\u1ec1u l\u0129nh nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ed9p m\u00e1c tr\u1ebb v\u1ecb th\u00e0nh ni\u00ean. khi\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc l\u00e0m cha m\u1eb9 nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta lu\u00f4n lo l\u1eafng, s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i.\n"}
{"en":"They know that like the rest of us, when teenagers do n't get the sleep they need, their brains, their bodies and behaviors suffer with both immediate and lasting effects.\n","vi":"C\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, Khi b\u1ecdn tr\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ee7 gi\u1ea5c, B\u1ed9 n\u00e3o, c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c v\u00e0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i.\n"}
{"en":"They ca n't concentrate, their attention plummets and many will even show behavioral signs that mimic ADHD.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1eadp trung, Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u00fa \u00fd gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ee9a c\u00f2n c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng ADHD.\n"}
{"en":"But the consequences of teen sleep loss go well beyond the classroom, sadly contributing to many of the mental health problems that skyrocket during adolescence, including substance use, depression and suicide.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ea5t ng\u1ee7 v\u01b0\u1ee3t ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea1m vi l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc g\u00e2y ra r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n t\u0103ng v\u1ecdt \u1edf tu\u1ed5i d\u1eady th\u00ec, bao g\u1ed3m nghi\u1ec7n h\u00fat, tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 s\u00e1t.\n"}
{"en":"In our work with teens from LA Unified School District, we found that teens with sleep problems were 55 percent more likely to have used alcohol in the past month.\n","vi":"Trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t v\u1edbi h\u1ecdc sinh LA Unified School District, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng \u1edf tr\u1ebb b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t ng\u1ee7 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn 55% c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"In another study with over 30,000 high school students, they found that for each hour of lost sleep, there was a 38 percent increase in feeling sad or hopeless, and a 58 percent increase in teen suicide attempts.\n","vi":"Trong m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean h\u01a1n 30.000 h\u1ecdc sinh trung h\u1ecdc, h\u1ecd t\u00ecm ra r\u1eb1ng c\u1ee9 m\u1ed7i gi\u1edd thi\u1ebfu ng\u1ee7, th\u00ec t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 gia t\u0103ng c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c bu\u1ed3n b\u00e3 v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t v\u1ecdng t\u0103ng 38% v\u00e0 nguy c\u01a1 t\u1ef1 t\u1eed t\u0103ng 58%.\n"}
{"en":"And if that's not enough, teens who skip out on sleep are at increased risk for a host of physical health problems that plague our country, including obesity, heart disease and diabetes.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 ch\u01b0a d\u1eebng t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3, Nh\u1eefng tr\u1ebb b\u1ecf qua gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7 c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 cao m\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. bao g\u1ed3m b\u00e9o ph\u00ec, b\u1ec7nh tim v\u00e0 ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng.\n"}
{"en":"Then there's the risk of putting a sleep - deprived teen, with a newly minted driver's license, behind the wheel.\n","vi":"Sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m khi \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb thi\u1ebfu ng\u1ee7 ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi l\u1ea5y gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p l\u00e1i xe, ng\u1ed3i sau tay l\u00e1i.\n"}
{"en":"Studies have shown that getting five hours or less of sleep per night is the equivalent of driving with a blood alcohol content above the legal limit.\n","vi":"Nh\u1eefng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng ng\u1ee7 \u00edt h\u01a1n 5 ti\u1ebfng m\u1ed7i \u0111\u00eam t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e1i xe m\u00e0 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ed3n trong m\u00e1u v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh.\n"}
{"en":"Advocates of sleep - friendly start times, and researchers in this area, have produced tremendous science showing the tremendous benefits of later start times.\n","vi":"Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 vi\u1ec7c gi\u1edd h\u1ecdc mu\u1ed9n h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng khoa h\u1ecdc cho th\u1ea5y l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c d\u1eddi gi\u1edd h\u1ecdc mu\u1ed9n h\u01a1n.\n"}
{"en":"The findings are unequivocal, and as a sleep scientist, I rarely get to speak with that kind of certainty.\n","vi":"K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7, T\u00f4i hi\u1ebfm khi ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee9ng minh m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.\n"}
{"en":"Teens from districts with later start times get more sleep.\n","vi":"B\u1ecdn tr\u1ebb \u1edf c\u00e1c qu\u1eadn c\u00f3 gi\u1edd h\u1ecdc mu\u1ed9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n.\n"}
{"en":"To the naysayers who may think that if schools start later, teens will just stay up later, the truth is, their bedtimes stay the same, but their wake - up times get extended, resulting in more sleep.\n","vi":"V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng gi\u1edd h\u1ecdc b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u mu\u1ed9n h\u01a1n ch\u1ec9 khi\u1ebfn b\u1ecdn tr\u1ebb th\u1ee9c khuya h\u01a1n, S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt l\u00e0, gi\u1edd ng\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a b\u1ecdn ch\u00fang v\u1eabn v\u1eady th\u00f4i, nh\u01b0ng gi\u1edd th\u1ee9c d\u1eady c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang mu\u1ed9n h\u01a1n t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e2u h\u01a1n.\n"}
{"en":"They're more likely to show up for school; school absences dropped by 25 percent in one district.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 v\u1eafng m\u1eb7t \u1edf m\u1ed9t qu\u1eadn \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m 25%.\n"}
{"en":"And they're less likely to drop out.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u0169ng s\u1ebd \u00edt tr\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc h\u01a1n.\n"}
{"en":"Not surprisingly, they do better academically.\n","vi":"\u0110\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean, l\u00e0 ch\u00fang h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh c\u0169ng s\u1ebd t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.\n"}
{"en":"So this has real implications for reducing the achievement gap.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp\n"}
{"en":"Standardized test scores in math and reading go up by two to three percentage points.\n","vi":"Chu\u1ea9n k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 m\u00f4n to\u00e1n t\u0103ng t\u1eeb 2 - 3%\n"}
{"en":"That's as powerful as reducing class sizes by one - third fewer students, or replacing a so - so teacher in the classroom with a truly outstanding one.\n","vi":"T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u0169ng m\u1ea1nh y nh\u01b0 gi\u1ea3m s\u0129 s\u1ed1 l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n 1 \/ 3, ho\u1eb7c thay th\u1ebf m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc.\n"}
{"en":"Their mental and physical health improves, and even their families are happier.\n","vi":"C\u1ea3 s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 gia \u0111\u00ecnh b\u1ecdn tr\u1ebb c\u0169ng vui v\u1ebb h\u01a1n.\n"}
{"en":"I mean, who would n't enjoy a little more pleasantness from our teens, and a little less crankiness?\n","vi":"\u00dd t\u00f4i l\u00e0, ai m\u00e0 ch\u1eafng mu\u1ed1n con m\u00ecnh b\u1edbt kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu v\u00e0 c\u00e1u k\u1ec9nh \u0111i d\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t x\u00edu\n"}
{"en":"Even their communities are safer because car crash rates go down -- a 70 percent reduction in one district.\n","vi":"Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n v\u00ec t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 tai n\u1ea1n xe c\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m 70% trong m\u1ed9t qu\u1eadn.\n"}
{"en":"Given these tremendous benefits, you might think, well, this is a no-brainer, right?\n","vi":"V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch mang l\u1ea1i, qu\u00ed v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng, th\u00f4i n\u00e0o, chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y qu\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng?\n"}
{"en":"So why have we as a society failed to heed this call?\n","vi":"V\u1eady t\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang ta l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn?\n"}
{"en":"Often the argument against later start times goes something like this: \"Why should we delay start times for teenagers?\n","vi":"M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i gi\u1edd h\u1ecdc mu\u1ed9n h\u01a1n th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00e0y t\u1ecf \"T\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean ho\u00e3n gi\u1edd h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a b\u1ecdn tr\u1ebb?\n"}
{"en":"We need to toughen them up so they're ready for the real world! \"\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ef1c! ''\n"}
{"en":"But that's like saying to the parent of a two - year - old, \"Do n't let Johnny nap, or he wo n't be ready for kindergarten.\"\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c g\u00ec n\u00f3i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f3 con 2 tu\u1ed5i, '' \u0110\u1eebng cho Johnny ng\u1ee7 tr\u01b0a n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3 ch\u1eb3ng th\u1ec3 \u0111i nh\u00e0 tr\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. ''\n"}
{"en":"(Laughter) Delaying start times also presents many logistical challenges.\n","vi":"(C\u01b0\u1eddi) Ho\u00e3n th\u1eddi gian h\u1ecdc tr\u1ec5 h\u01a1n c\u0169ng g\u00e2y ra nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c k\u00e9o theo\n"}
{"en":"Not just for students and their families, but for communities as a whole.\n","vi":"kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi h\u1ecdc sinh, ph\u1ee5 huynh m\u00e0 v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng.\n"}
{"en":"Updating bus routes, increased transportation costs, impact on sports, care before or after school.\n","vi":"C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt l\u1ea1i l\u1ecbch tr\u00ecnh xe bus, t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed \u0111i l\u1ea1i, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ec3 thao, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng.\n"}
{"en":"These are the same concerns that come up in district after district, time and again around the country as school start times are debated.\n","vi":"Nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 lu\u1ef5 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lan t\u1eeb qu\u1eadn n\u00e0y sang qu\u1eadn kh\u00e1c l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00ec v\u1eady th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0o l\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i.\n"}
{"en":"And they're legitimate concerns, but these are problems we have to work through.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n m\u00e0 ta ph\u1ea3i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua.\n"}
{"en":"They are not valid excuses for failing to do the right thing for our children, which is to start middle and high schools no earlier than 8:30 am.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u1eddi b\u00e0o ch\u1eefa h\u1ee3p l\u00fd khi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho b\u1ecdn tr\u1ebb \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 d\u1eddi gi\u1edd v\u00e0o l\u1edbp \u1edf c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng s\u1edbm h\u01a1n 8: 30 s\u00e1ng.\n"}
{"en":"And in districts around the country, big and small, who have made this change, they found that these fears are often unfounded and far outweighed by the tremendous benefits for student health and performance, and our collective public safety.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c qu\u1eadn tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00f9 l\u1edbn hay nh\u1ecf, khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y, h\u1ecd th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i tr\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch n\u00f3 mang l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb h\u1ecdc sinh n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 t\u00ednh an to\u00e0n c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng.\n"}
{"en":"So tomorrow morning, when coincidentally we get to set our clocks back by an hour and you get that delicious extra hour of sleep, and the day seems a little longer, and a little more full of hope, think about the tremendous power of sleep.\n","vi":"V\u1eady n\u00ean ngay s\u00e1ng mai, h\u00e3y ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 l\u00f9i l\u1ea1i 1 ti\u1ebfng t\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7 ngon l\u00e0nh, \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn ng\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 d\u00e0i h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 tr\u00e0n tr\u1ec1 hi v\u1ecdng, ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh to l\u1edbn t\u1eeb gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7.\n"}
{"en":"And think about what a gift it would be for our children to be able to wake up naturally, in harmony with their own biology.\n","vi":"Xem \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f3n qu\u00e0 khi \u0111\u1ec3 cho b\u1ecdn tr\u1ebb t\u1ef1 th\u1ee9c d\u1eady, theo \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 sinh h\u1ecdc.\n"}
{"en":"Thank you, and pleasant dreams.\n","vi":"Xin c\u1ea3m \u01a1n, v\u00e0 ch\u00fac ng\u1ee7 ngon.\n"}
{"en":"I'm going to talk to you about power in this 21st century.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i s\u1ebd b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c \u1edf th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 21.\n"}
{"en":"And basically, what I'd like to tell you is that power is changing, and there are two types of changes I want to discuss.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 2 lo\u1ea1i thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0 t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp t\u1edbi.\n"}
{"en":"One is power transition, which is change of power amongst states.\n","vi":"\u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c, m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia.\n"}
{"en":"And there the simple version of the message is it's moving from West to East.\n","vi":"C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u01a1n, n\u00f3 \u0111ang d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sang \u0110\u00f4ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.\n"}
{"en":"The other is power diffusion, the way power is moving from all states West or East to non-state actors.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 2 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c, trong \u0111\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia d\u00f9 \u0110\u00f4ng d\u00f9 T\u00e2y, sang nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c phi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7.\n"}
{"en":"Those two things are the huge shifts of power in our century.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 2 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c l\u1edbn \u1edf th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.\n"}
{"en":"And I want to tell you about them each separately and then how they interact and why, in the end, there may be some good news.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n b\u00e0n m\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y ch\u00fang t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi nhau nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng t\u1ea1i sao \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i.\n"}
{"en":"When we talk about power transition, we often talk about the rise of Asia.\n","vi":"Khi ch\u00fang ta n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c, ta hay \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 n\u1ed5i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc Ch\u00e2u \u00c1.\n"}
{"en":"It really should be called the recovery or return of Asia.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5c h\u01b0ng ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Ch\u00e2u \u00c1.\n"}
{"en":"If we looked at the world in 1800, you'd find that more than half of the world's people lived in Asia and they made more than half the world's product.\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1800, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng h\u01a1n 1 n\u1eeda d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi s\u1ed1ng \u1edf Ch\u00e2u \u00c1 v\u00e0 h\u1ecd s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ra h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda s\u1ed1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.\n"}
{"en":"Now fast forward to 1900: half the world's people -- more than half -- still live in Asia, but they're now making only a fifth of the world's product.\n","vi":"Ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1900: h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 v\u1eabn s\u1ed1ng \u1edf Ch\u00e2u \u00c1, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 1 \/ 5 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.\n"}
{"en":"What we're going to see in the 21st century is Asia gradually returning to being more than half of the world's population and more than half of the world's product.\n","vi":"Trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 21 n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y Ch\u00e2u \u00c1 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i v\u1ecb th\u1ebf tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u01a1i ch\u1ee9a h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ra h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.\n"}
{"en":"That's important and it's an important shift.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n quan tr\u1ecdng.\n"}
{"en":"But let me tell you a little bit about the other shift that I'm talking about, which is power diffusion.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f4i n\u00f3i 1 ch\u00fat v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c\n"}
{"en":"To understand power diffusion put this in your mind: computing and communications costs have fallen a thousandfold between 1970 and the beginning of this century.\n","vi":"\u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c b\u1ea1n h\u00e3y nh\u1edb k\u1ef9 l\u00e0: chi ph\u00ed cho c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111i c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0n l\u1ea7n t\u1eeb 1970 cho t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 21.\n"}
{"en":"Now that's a big abstract number.\n","vi":"C\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u01b0 n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n l\u1edbn nh\u01b0ng tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng,\n"}
{"en":"But to make it more real, if the price of an automobile had fallen as rapidly as the price of computing power, you could buy a car today for five dollars.\n","vi":"\u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 h\u01a1n \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y b\u1ea1n th\u1eed t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, n\u1ebfu gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a 1 chi\u1ebfc xe gi\u1ea3m nhanh ch\u00f3ng nh\u01b0 gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, th\u00ec ng\u00e0y nay ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n b\u1ecf ra 5 \u0111\u00f4 la l\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc xe ngon l\u00e0nh.\n"}
{"en":"Now when the price of any technology declines that dramatically, the barriers to entry go down.\n","vi":"V\u1eady khi gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111ang t\u1ee5t d\u1ed1c ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t, nh\u1eefng r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n trong vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng suy gi\u1ea3m,\n"}
{"en":"Anybody can play in the game.\n","vi":"c\u00f4ng ty, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0o c\u0169ng tham gia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3.\n"}
{"en":"So in 1970, if you wanted to communicate from Oxford to Johannesburg to New Delhi to Brasilia and anywhere simultaneously, you could do it.\n","vi":"V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1970 N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n li\u00ean l\u1ea1c t\u1eeb Oxford t\u1edbi Johannesburg t\u1edbi New Delhi t\u1edbi Brasilia hay t\u1edbi b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e2u c\u00f9ng 1 l\u00fac, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c,\n"}
{"en":"The technology was there.\n","vi":"c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n c\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"But to be able to do it, you had to be very rich -- a government, a multinational corporation, maybe the Catholic Church -- but you had to be pretty wealthy.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, th\u00ec b\u1ea1n \u1eaft h\u1eb3n ph\u1ea3i gi\u00e0u - - nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 1 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, 1 t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111a qu\u1ed1c gia, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u1edd C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o - - d\u00f9 g\u00ec th\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a d\u1eef l\u1eafm.\n"}
{"en":"Now, anybody has that capacity, which previously was restricted by price just to a few actors.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0y nay, ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y, l\u00fac tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf 1 s\u1ed1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n, b\u1edfi gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eaft \u0111\u1ecf,\n"}
{"en":"If they have the price of entry into an Internet cafe -- the last time I looked, it was something like a pound an hour -- and if you have Skype, it's free.\n","vi":"gi\u1edd th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n v\u00f4 1 qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea internet - - l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 m\u1ea5t 1 b\u1ea3ng Anh 1 gi\u1edd - - c\u00f2n n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 Skype, th\u00ec ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed.\n"}
{"en":"So capabilities that were once restricted are now available to everyone.\n","vi":"V\u1eady c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n nay \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi.\n"}
{"en":"And what that means is not that the age of the State is over.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 qua.\n"}
{"en":"The State still matters.\n","vi":"Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n v\u1eabn c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng.\n"}
{"en":"But the stage is crowded.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng cu\u1ed9c ch\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia h\u01a1n.\n"}
{"en":"The State's not alone. There are many, many actors.\n","vi":"Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9ng 1 m\u00ecnh, c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c.\n"}
{"en":"Some of that's good: Oxfam, a great non-governmental actor.\n","vi":"M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 trong \u0111\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi. nh\u01b0 Oxfam, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c phi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 t\u1ed1t.\n"}
{"en":"Some of it's bad: Al Qaeda, another non-governmental actor.\n","vi":"M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c th\u00ec l\u1ea1i t\u1ec7 h\u1ea1i, Al Qaeda, m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c phi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 kh\u00e1c.\n"}
{"en":"But think of what it does to how we think in traditional terms and concepts.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec n\u00f3 g\u00e2y n\u00ean cho t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ch\u00fang ta ngh\u0129 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n v\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng.\n"}
{"en":"We think in terms of war and interstate war.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tranh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia.\n"}
{"en":"And you can think back to 1941 when the government of Japan attacked the United States at Pearl Harbor.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i n\u0103m 1941, khi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n M\u1ef9 \u1edf tr\u1eadn Tr\u00e2n Ch\u00e2u C\u1ea3ng.\n"}
{"en":"It's worth noticing that a non-state actor attacking the United States in 2001 killed more Americans than the government of Japan did in 1941.\n","vi":"C\u0169ng \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i v\u00ec n\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c phi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2001 l\u1ea1i gi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m n\u0103m 1941.\n"}
{"en":"So we're seeing a great change in terms of diffusion of power.\n","vi":"V\u1eady ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbn khi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c.\n"}
{"en":"Now the problem is that we're not thinking about it in very innovative ways.\n","vi":"V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn n\u00f3 theo h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1ch t\u00e2n.\n"}
{"en":"So let me step back and ask: what's power?\n","vi":"V\u1eady quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi Quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\n"}
{"en":"Power is simple the ability to affect others to get the outcomes you want, and you can do it in three ways.\n","vi":"Quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00ecnh mong mu\u1ed1n, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 3 c\u00e1ch.\n"}
{"en":"You can do it with threats of coercion, \"sticks,\" you can do it with payments, \"carrots,\" or you can do it by getting others to want what you want.\n","vi":"1 l\u00e0 \u0111e do\u1ea1 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 l\u1ef1c - - 2 l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i - - 3 l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1n.\n"}
{"en":"And that ability to get others to want what you want, to get the outcomes you want without coercion or payment, is what I call soft power.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00f4i k\u00e9o nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 mong mu\u1ed1n, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng v\u0169 l\u1ef1c hay ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c \"m\u1ec1m\".\n"}
{"en":"And that soft power has been much neglected and much misunderstood, and yet it's tremendously important.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c \"m\u1ec1m\" n\u00e0y \u0111ang b\u1ecb b\u1ecf l\u01a1 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng.\n"}
{"en":"Indeed, if you can learn to use more soft power, you can save a lot on carrots and sticks.\n","vi":"Th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 th\u00ec n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c \"m\u1ec1m\" b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c l\u1ef1c.\n"}
{"en":"Traditionally, the way people thought about power was primarily in terms of military power.\n","vi":"C\u00e1ch ngh\u0129 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1.\n"}
{"en":"For example, the great Oxford historian who taught here at this university, A.J.P. Taylor, defined a great power as a country able to prevail in war.\n","vi":"V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 v\u1ecb s\u1eed gia n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng A. J. P. Taylor, \u00f4ng gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Oxford \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 k\u1ebb chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng trong chi\u1ebfn tranh.\n"}
{"en":"But we need a new narrative if we're to understand power in the 21st century.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n 1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i m\u1edbi n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta mu\u1ed1n hi\u1ec3u quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c \u1edf th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 21.\n"}
{"en":"It's not just prevailing at war, though war still persists.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 k\u1ebb chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf trong chi\u1ebfn tranh m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n.\n"}
{"en":"It's not whose army wins; it's also whose story wins.\n","vi":"C\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang b\u00ean n\u00e0o \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea3o; m\u00e0 n\u00f3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a ai n\u1eb7ng k\u00fd h\u01a1n.\n"}
{"en":"And we have to think much more in terms of narratives and whose narrative is going to be effective.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a ai s\u1ebd c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n.\n"}
{"en":"Now let me go back to the question of power transition between states and what's happening there.\n","vi":"B\u00e2y gi\u1edd tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra.\n"}
{"en":"the narratives that we use now tend to be the rise and fall of the great powers.\n","vi":"Nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u xoay quanh s\u1ef1 th\u0103ng tr\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c h\u00f9ng m\u1ea1nh.\n"}
{"en":"And the current narrative is all about the rise of China and the decline of the United States.\n","vi":"Ng\u00e0y nay th\u00ec n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 suy s\u1ee5p c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9.\n"}
{"en":"Indeed, with the 2008 financial crisis, many people said this was the beginning of the end of American power.\n","vi":"Th\u1ef1c ra, trong kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh n\u0103m 2008, r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng l\u00e0 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u cho s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c M\u1ef9.\n"}
{"en":"The tectonic plates of world politics were shifting.\n","vi":"L\u00e0 s\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n trong gi\u1edbi ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb.\n"}
{"en":"And president Medvedev of Russia, for example, pronounced in 2008 this was the beginning of the end of United States power.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Medvedev \u1edf Nga, \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2008 \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u cho s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c M\u1ef9.\n"}
{"en":"But in fact, this metaphor of decline is often very misleading.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, \u1ea9n d\u1ee5 trong c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 suy s\u1ee5p n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c.\n"}
{"en":"If you look at history, in recent history, you'll see the cycles of belief in American decline come and go every 10 or 15 years or so.\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y ni\u1ec1m tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xoay v\u00f2ng khi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 suy s\u1ee5p c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 c\u1ee9 th\u1ebf trong m\u1ed7i 10 - 15 n\u0103m.\n"}
{"en":"In 1958, after the Soviets put up Sputnik, it was \"That's the end of America.\"\n","vi":"V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1958, sau khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi X\u00f4 Vi\u1ebft cho ph\u00f3ng v\u1ec7 tinh Sputnik, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta n\u00f3i l\u00e0 \"ng\u00e0y t\u00e0n c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9\"\n"}
{"en":"In 1973, with the oil embargo and the closing of the gold window, that was the end of America.\n","vi":"V\u00e0o 1973, v\u1edbi l\u1ec7nh c\u1ea5m v\u1eadn d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ti\u1ec7m v\u00e0ng b\u1ea1c, c\u0169ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y t\u00e0n c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9.\n"}
{"en":"In the 1980s, as America went through a transition in the Reagan period, between the rust belt economy of the midwest to the Silicon Valley economy of California, that was the end of America.\n","vi":"v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980, khi M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Reagan, gi\u1eefa n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c Trung M\u1ef9 t\u1edbi n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf Thung l\u0169ng Silicon \u1edf California, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y t\u00e0n c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9.\n"}
{"en":"But in fact, what we've seen is none of those were true.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i, th\u00ec nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e2u c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt.\n"}
{"en":"Indeed, people were over-enthusiastic in the early 2000s, thinking America could do anything, which led us into some disastrous foreign policy adventures, and now we're back to decline again.\n","vi":"M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1 kh\u00edch trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u 2000, cho r\u1eb1ng M\u1ef9 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 g\u00ec, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ch\u00fang ta m\u1ea1o hi\u1ec3m trong ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i \u00e1c li\u1ec7t v\u00e0 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta l\u1ea1i t\u1ee5t d\u1ed1c.\n"}
{"en":"The moral of this story is all these narratives about rise and fall and decline tell us a lot more about psychology than they do about reality.\n","vi":"Tr\u00ean tinh th\u1ea7n l\u00e0, nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 th\u0103ng tr\u1ea7m ch\u1ec9 cho ta th\u1ea5y v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u00e2m l\u00fd ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c.\n"}
{"en":"If we try to focus on the reality, then what we need to focus on is what's really happening in terms of China and the United States.\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c, th\u00ec c\u00e1i ta c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra gi\u1eefa Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 M\u1ef9.\n"}
{"en":"by 2027.\n","vi":"v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2027.\n"}
{"en":"Now someday, with a billion point three people getting richer, they are going to be bigger than the United States.\n","vi":"M\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, 1,3 t\u1ef7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd gi\u00e0u h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 h\u1ecd s\u1ebd l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh v\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u1eadt so v\u1edbi M\u1ef9.\n"}
{"en":"But be very careful about these projections such as the Goldman Sachs projection as though that gives you an accurate picture of power transition in this century.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng h\u00e3y nh\u00ecn k\u1ef9 l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n n\u00e0y, \u0111\u00e2u ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ee7a Goldman Sachs v\u1ebd ra ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c b\u1ee9c tranh to\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e2u.\n"}
{"en":"Let me mention three reasons why it's too simple.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i cho b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y 3 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u00f3 qu\u00e1 s\u1ee9c s\u01a1 s\u00e0i.\n"}
{"en":"First of all, it's a linear projection.\n","vi":"\u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 1 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh.\n"}
{"en":"You know, everything says, here's the growth rate of China, here's the growth rate of the U.S., here it goes -- straight line.\n","vi":"B\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea5y, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, n\u00f3 \u0111i m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng.\n"}
{"en":"History is not linear.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.\n"}
{"en":"There are often bumps along the road, accidents along the way.\n","vi":"L\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u00f3 l\u00fac huy ho\u00e0ng, c\u00f3 l\u00fac \u0111i\u00eau t\u00e0n,\n"}
{"en":"The second thing is that the Chinese economy passes the U.S. economy in, let's say, 2030, which it may it, that will be a measure of total economic size, but not of per capita income -- wo n't tell you about the composition of the economy.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 2, c\u1ee9 cho l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua M\u1ef9 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2030, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 quy m\u00f4 kinh t\u1ebf, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i thu nh\u1eadp b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi - - s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng cho b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf.\n"}
{"en":"China still has large areas of underdevelopment and per capita income is a better measure of the sophistication of the economy.\n","vi":"Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1eabn c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u khu v\u1ef1c r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn k\u00e9m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, v\u00e0 thu nh\u1eadp b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 con s\u1ed1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf.\n"}
{"en":"And that the Chinese wo n't catch up or pass the Americans until somewhere in the latter part, after 2050, of this century.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 do v\u1eady Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd kh\u00f3 m\u00e0 b\u1eaft k\u1ecbp ho\u1eb7c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua M\u1ef9 cho t\u1edbi kho\u1ea3n n\u0103m 2050 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 n\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"The other point that's worth noticing is how one - dimensional this projection is.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd l\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n n\u00e0y mang t\u00ednh m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.\n"}
{"en":"You know, it looks at economic power measured by GDP.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng GDP.\n"}
{"en":"Does n't tell you much about military power, does n't tell you very much about soft power.\n","vi":"N\u00ean kh\u00f4ng cho b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng cho th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c \"m\u1ec1m\".\n"}
{"en":"It's all very one - dimensional.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 mang t\u00ednh 1 chi\u1ec1u.\n"}
{"en":"And also, when we think about the rise of Asia, or return of Asia as I called it a little bit earlier, it's worth remembering Asia's not one thing.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 khi ta nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 n\u1ed5i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a Ch\u00e2u \u00c1, ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Ch\u00e2u \u00c1, m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i t\u1edbi h\u1ed3i n\u00e3y, c\u0169ng n\u00ean nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng Ch\u00e2u \u00c1 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc.\n"}
{"en":"If you're sitting in Japan, or in New Delhi, or in Hanoi, your view of the rise of China is a little different than if you're sitting in Beijing.\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u1edf Nh\u1eadt, hay New Delhi, hay H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 n\u1ed5i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd kh\u00e1c \u0111i 1 ch\u00fat so v\u1edbi khi b\u1ea1n \u1edf B\u1eafc Kinh.\n"}
{"en":"Indeed, one of the advantages that the Americans will have in terms of power in Asia is all those countries want an American insurance policy against the rise of China.\n","vi":"Th\u1ef1c ra, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 trong v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c \u1edf Ch\u00e2u \u00c1 l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u mong mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 1 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m ki\u1ec3u M\u1ef9 h\u01a1n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 n\u1ed5i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c.\n"}
{"en":"It's as though Mexico and Canada were hostile neighbors to the United States, which they're not.\n","vi":"C\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 Mexico v\u00e0 Canada l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1eady.\n"}
{"en":"So these simple projections of the Goldman Sachs type are not telling us what we need to know about power transition.\n","vi":"V\u1eady nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n h\u1eddi h\u1ee3t ki\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Goldman Sachs s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng cho ta th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i ta c\u1ea7n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c.\n"}
{"en":"But you might ask, well so what in any case?\n","vi":"V\u1eady b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd h\u1ecfi, th\u00ec sao?\n"}
{"en":"Why does it matter?\n","vi":"C\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00ec ch\u1ee9?\n"}
{"en":"Is this just a game that diplomats and academics play?\n","vi":"Li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i giao v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3?\n"}
{"en":"The answer is it matters quite a lot.\n","vi":"C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi l\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn.\n"}
{"en":"Because, if you believe in decline and you get the answers wrong on this, the facts, not the myths, you may have policies which are very dangerous.\n","vi":"B\u1edfi v\u00ec, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n tin v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 suy t\u00e0n v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi sai t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1eefa l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 l\u1ebd s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch r\u1ea5t nguy hi\u1ec3m.\n"}
{"en":"Let me give you an example from history.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i s\u1ebd cho b\u1ea1n m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 t\u1eeb l\u1ecbch s\u1eed.\n"}
{"en":"The Peloponnesian War was the great conflict in which the Greek city state system tore itself apart two and a half millennia ago.\n","vi":"Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn Peloponnesian l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1ed1c li\u1ec7t m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Hy L\u1ea1p \u0111\u00e3 chia b\u00e8 k\u1ebft ph\u00e1i x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3n 2500 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc.\n"}
{"en":"Thucydides, the great historian of the the Peloponnesian War, said it was the rise in the power of Athens and the fear it created in Sparta.\n","vi":"Thucydides, m\u1ed9t s\u1eed gia n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn Peloponnesian, n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng do s\u1ef1 l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh trong quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Athens v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Sparta.\n"}
{"en":"Notice both halves of that explanation.\n","vi":"\u0110\u1ec3 \u00fd c\u1ea3 2 n\u1eeda c\u1ee7a l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch.\n"}
{"en":"Many people argue that the 21st century is going to repeat the 20th century, in which World War One, the great conflagration in which the European state system tore itself apart and destroyed its centrality in the world, that that was caused by the rise in the power of Germany and the fear it created in Britain.\n","vi":"Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 21 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 Chi\u1ebfn Tranh Th\u1ebf Gi\u1edbi I, m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c xung \u0111\u1ed9t d\u1eef d\u1ed9i m\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u chia b\u00e8 k\u1ebft ph\u00e1i r\u1ed3i ph\u00e1 hu\u1ef7 \u0111i trung t\u00e2m v\u0103n minh c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra l\u00e0 do s\u1ef1 l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh trong quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i n\u1ed5i l\u00ean c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh.\n"}
{"en":"So there are people who are telling us this is going to be reproduced today, that what we're going to see is the same thing now in this century.\n","vi":"N\u00ean c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u00e1i di\u1ec5n, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c x\u1ea3y ra t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 n\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"No, I think that's wrong.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i th\u00ec ngh\u0129 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng.\n"}
{"en":"It's bad history.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7.\n"}
{"en":"For one thing, Germany had surpassed Britain in industrial strength by 1900.\n","vi":"1 l\u00e0, \u0110\u1ee9c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua Anh v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u0103m 1900.\n"}
{"en":"And as I said earlier, China has not passed the United States.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i l\u00fac n\u00e3y, Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua M\u1ef9.\n"}
{"en":"But also, if you have this belief and it creates a sense of fear, it leads to overreaction.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n tin v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, th\u00ec s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng qu\u00e1 kh\u00edch.\n"}
{"en":"And the greatest danger we have of managing this power transition of the shift toward the East is fear.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 hi\u1ec3m ho\u1ea1 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd s\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb T\u00e2y sang \u0110\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i.\n"}
{"en":"To paraphrase Franklin Roosevelt from a different context, the greatest thing we have to fear is fear itself.\n","vi":"Xin m\u01b0\u1ee3n l\u1eddi Franklin Roosevelt t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh kh\u00e1c, \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n s\u1ef1 s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i.\n"}
{"en":"We do n't have to fear the rise of China or the return of Asia.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i s\u1ee3 s\u1ef1 n\u1ed5i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c hay s\u1ef1 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Ch\u00e2u \u00c1.\n"}
{"en":"And if we have policies in which we take it in that larger historical perspective, we're going to be able to manage this process.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta r\u00fat ra t\u1eeb t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn l\u1ecbch s\u1eed r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"Let me say a word now about the distribution of power and how it relates to power diffusion and then pull these two types together.\n","vi":"\u0110\u1ec3 t\u00f4i n\u00f3i th\u00eam v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 n\u00f3 li\u00ean quan ra sao t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i t\u00f4i g\u1ed9p chung 2 c\u00e1i \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i.\n"}
{"en":"If you ask how is power distributed in the world today, it's distributed much like a three - dimensional chess game.\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n h\u1ecfi ng\u00e0y nay quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, th\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 ki\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t game c\u1edd 3D.\n"}
{"en":"Top board: military power among states.\n","vi":"\u0110\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u: quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia.\n"}
{"en":"The United States is the only superpower, and it's likely to remain that way for two or three decades.\n","vi":"M\u1ef9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t si\u00eau c\u01b0\u1eddng duy nh\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 s\u1ebd c\u00f2n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady trong 2 - 3 th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 n\u1eefa.\n"}
{"en":"China's not going to replace the U.S. on this military board.\n","vi":"Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng thay th\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c M\u1ef9 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t n\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"Power is multi-polar.\n","vi":"Quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c l\u00e0 \u0111a c\u1ef1c.\n"}
{"en":"There are balancers -- the U.S., Europe, China, Japan can balance each other.\n","vi":"M\u1ef9, Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng l\u1eabn nhau.\n"}
{"en":"The bottom board of this three - dimensional, the board of transnational relations, things that cross borders outside the control of governments, things like climate change, drug trade, financial flows, pandemics, all these things that cross borders outside the control of governments, there nobody's in charge.\n","vi":"H\u00e0ng cu\u1ed1i l\u00e0 cho nh\u1eefng quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia, nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua ranh gi\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu thay \u0111\u1ed5i, bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n ma tu\u00fd, d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u00e0o c\u1ea3, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ai ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m.\n"}
{"en":"It makes no sense to call this unipolar or multi-polar.\n","vi":"C\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a g\u00ec khi g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n c\u1ef1c hay \u0111a c\u1ef1c.\n"}
{"en":"Power is chaotically distributed.\n","vi":"Quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 1 c\u00e1ch r\u1ea5t h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n.\n"}
{"en":"And the only way you can solve these problems -- and this is where many greatest challenges are coming in this century -- is through cooperation, through working together, which means that soft power becomes more important, that ability to organize networks to deal with these kinds of problems and to be able to get cooperation.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 1 c\u00e1ch duy nh\u1ea5t b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y - - nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u1ee9c nh\u1ed1i s\u1eafp x\u1ea3y ra trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 n\u00e0y - - l\u00e0 qua s\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft, s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c l\u1eabn nhau, th\u00e0nh ra quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c \"m\u1ec1m\" tr\u1edf n\u00ean quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n c\u1ea3, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft.\n"}
{"en":"Another way of putting it is that as we think of power in the 21st century, we want to get away from the idea that power's always zero sum -- my gain is your loss and vice versa.\n","vi":"M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u1eefa l\u00e0 khi ch\u00fang ta ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c \u1edf th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 21, ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean t\u1eeb b\u1ecf vi\u1ec7c cho r\u1eb1ng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c t\u1ed5ng lu\u00f4n b\u1eb1ng 0 - - t\u00f4i l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh th\u00ec anh ph\u1ea3i suy y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i.\n"}
{"en":"Power can also be positive sum, where your gain can be my gain.\n","vi":"Quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u01b0\u01a1ng, khi \u0111\u00f3 anh l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh th\u00ec t\u00f4i c\u0169ng l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh theo.\n"}
{"en":"If China develops greater energy security and greater capacity to deal with its problems of carbon emissions, that's good for us as well as good for China as well as good for everybody else.\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu Trung Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n an ninh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i carbon, th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t cho ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi.\n"}
{"en":"So empowering China to deal with it s own problems of carbon is good for everybody, and it's not a zero sum, I win, you lose.\n","vi":"N\u00ean cho ph\u00e9p Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 carbon l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ai th\u1eafng ai thua.\n"}
{"en":"It's one in which we can all gain.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 2 \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i.\n"}
{"en":"So as we think about power in this century, we want to get away from this view that it's all I win, you lose.\n","vi":"V\u1eady khi ch\u00fang ta ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c \u1edf th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean t\u1eeb b\u1ecf \u00fd ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c th\u1eafng thua.\n"}
{"en":"Now I do n't mean to be Pollyannaish about this.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd l\u00e0 l\u1ea1c quan qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"Wars persist.\n","vi":"Chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"Power persists.\n","vi":"Quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"Military power is important.\n","vi":"Quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 th\u00ec quan tr\u1ecdng.\n"}
{"en":"Keeping balances is important.\n","vi":"Gi\u1eef c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u0169ng quan tr\u1ecdng.\n"}
{"en":"All this still persists.\n","vi":"T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"Hard power is there, and it will remain.\n","vi":"Quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c \"c\u1ee9ng\" c\u0169ng v\u1eady, c\u0169ng v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i.\n"}
{"en":"But unless you learn how to mix hard power with soft power into strategies that I call smart power, you're not going to deal with the new kinds of problems that we're facing.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng tr\u1eeb khi b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0 tr\u1ed9n quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c \"c\u1ee9ng\" v\u00e0 \"m\u1ec1m\" l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c \"th\u00f4ng minh\", th\u00ec b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111ang m\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i.\n"}
{"en":"So the key question that we need to think about as we look at this is how do we work together to produce global public goods, things from which all of us can benefit?\n","vi":"V\u1eady c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t ta c\u1ea7n ngh\u0129 t\u1edbi khi b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 mang t\u00ednh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i?\n"}
{"en":"How do we define our national interests so that it's not just zero sum, but positive sum.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i qu\u1ed1c gia nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft q\u1ee7a t\u00edch c\u1ef1c.\n"}
{"en":"In that sense, if we define our interests, for example, for the United States the way Britain defined its interests in the 19th century, keeping an open trading system, keeping a monetary stability, keeping freedom of the seas -- those were good for Britain, they were good for others as well.\n","vi":"Tr\u00ean tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi M\u1ef9, c\u00e1ch ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19, gi\u1eef m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng giao d\u1ecbch r\u1ed9ng m\u1edf, gi\u1eef s\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh \u1ed5n trong ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7, gi\u1eef nh\u1eefng h\u1ea3i ph\u1eadn trung l\u1eadp - - t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho Anh, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c.\n"}
{"en":"And in the 21st century, you have to do an analog to that.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 \u1edf th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 21, ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m 1 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.\n"}
{"en":"How do we produce global public goods, which are good for us, but good for everyone at the same time?\n","vi":"ch\u00fang ta t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 mang t\u00ednh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho ch\u00fang ta, v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng l\u00fac?\n"}
{"en":"And that's going to be the good news dimension of what we need to think about as we think of power in the 21st century.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh t\u1ed1t m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn khi ch\u00fang ta nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c \u1edf th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 21.\n"}
{"en":"There are ways to define our interests in which, while protecting ourselves with hard power, we can organize with others in networks to produce, not only public goods, but ways that will enhance our soft power.\n","vi":"C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c \"c\u1ee9ng\", ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u1edbi nhau trong nh\u1eefng m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c \"m\u1ec1m\".\n"}
{"en":"So if one looks at the statements that have been made about this, I am impressed that when Hillary Clinton described the foreign policy of the Obama administration, she said that the foreign policy of the Obama administration was going to be smart power, as she put it, \"using all the tools in our foreign policy tool box.\"\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu 1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o b\u1ea3n th\u00f4ng c\u00e1o v\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, T\u00f4i r\u1ea5t \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng khi Hillary Clinton m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Obama, b\u00e0 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c \"th\u00f4ng minh\" khi b\u00e0 n\u00f3i: \"s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 trong ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.\"\n"}
{"en":"And if we're going to deal with these two great power shifts that I've described, the power shift represented by transition among states, the power shift represented by diffusion of power away from all states, we're going to have to develop a new narrative of power in which we combine hard and soft power into strategies of smart power.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi 2 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbn trong quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c m\u00e0 t\u00f4i v\u1eeba m\u00f4 t\u1ea3, 1 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia, 1 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia, th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn m\u1edbi m\u1ebb h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c \"c\u1ee9ng\" v\u00e0 \"m\u1ec1m\" k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhau th\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c \"th\u00f4ng minh\".\n"}
{"en":"And that's the good news I have.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i.\n"}
{"en":"We can do that.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.\n"}
{"en":"I was here about four years ago, talking about the relationship of design and happiness.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y b\u1ed1n n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac.\n"}
{"en":"At the very end of it, I showed a list under that title.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i b\u00e0i n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 cho chi\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t danh s\u00e1ch d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"I learned very few things in addition since (Laughter) -- but made a whole number of them into projects since.\n","vi":"T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn nay t\u00f4i h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc th\u00eam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec - - (Ti\u1ebfng c\u01b0\u1eddi) nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng trong \u0111\u00f3 th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.\n"}
{"en":"These are inflatable monkeys in every city in Scotland: \"Everybody always thinks they are right.\"\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng con kh\u1ec9 b\u00f3ng bay t\u1ea1i m\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u1edf Scotland - - \"M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n cho r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang.\"\n"}
{"en":"They were combined in the media.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gh\u00e9p l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean b\u00e1o ch\u00ed.\n"}
{"en":"\"Drugs are fun in the beginning but become a drag later on.\"\n","vi":"\"Thu\u1ed1c phi\u1ec7n ban \u0111\u1ea7u r\u1ea5t hay nh\u01b0ng sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng.\"\n"}
{"en":"This is a projection that can see the viewer as the viewer walks by.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00e0n chi\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi xem khi h\u1ecd \u0111i qua.\n"}
{"en":"You ca n't help but actually ripping that spider web apart.\n","vi":"B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng x\u00e9 r\u00e1ch c\u00e1i m\u1ea1ng nh\u1ec7n.\n"}
{"en":"All of these things are pieces of graphic design.\n","vi":"T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1.\n"}
{"en":"We do them for our clients.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n cho kh\u00e1nh h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.\n"}
{"en":"They are commissioned.\n","vi":"T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng.\n"}
{"en":"I would never have the money to actually pay for the installment or pay for all the billboards or the production of these, so there's always a client attached to them.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 chi ph\u00ed l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t hay c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3n qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o hay qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, cho n\u00ean lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee9ng sau.\n"}
{"en":"These are 65,000 coat hangers in a street that's lined with fashion stores.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 65.000 c\u00e1i m\u1eafc \u00e1o tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t con ph\u1ed1 m\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u shop th\u1eddi trang.\n"}
{"en":"\"Worrying solves nothing.\"\n","vi":"\"Lo l\u1eafng kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec c\u1ea3.\"\n"}
{"en":"\"Money does not make me happy\" appeared first as double - page spreads in a magazine.\n","vi":"\"Ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m t\u00f4i h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac\" \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u00ean tr\u00ean hai trang \u0111\u00fap c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed.\n"}
{"en":"The printer lost the file, did n't tell us.\n","vi":"Nh\u00e0 in \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t file \u1ea3nh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u00e1o v\u1edbi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i.\n"}
{"en":"When the magazine -- actually, when I got the subscription -- it was 12 following pages.\n","vi":"Khi t\u1edd t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed - - th\u1ef1c ra l\u00e0 khi t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn s\u1ed1 b\u00e1o m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t n\u00f3 c\u00f3 12 trang ti\u1ebfp sau.\n"}
{"en":"It said, \"Money does does make me happy.\"\n","vi":"Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 ghi \"Ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c l\u00e0m t\u00f4i r\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac.\"\n"}
{"en":"And a friend of mine in Austria felt so sorry for me that he talked the largest casino owner in Linz into letting us wrap his building.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 m\u1ed9t anh b\u1ea1n t\u00f4i \u1edf \u00c1o, l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m ti\u1ebfc cho t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 casino l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u1edf Linz cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i b\u1ecdc ngo\u00e0i to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a anh ta.\n"}
{"en":"So this is the big pedestrian zone in Linz.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i b\u1ed9 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u1edf Linz,\n"}
{"en":"It just says \"Money,\" and if you look down the side street, it says, \"does not make me happy.\"\n","vi":"ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 vi\u1ebft \"Ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c\", v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n nh\u00ecn xu\u1ed1ng m\u1eb7t ph\u1ed1 b\u00ean kia, \"kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m t\u00f4i h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac.\"\n"}
{"en":"We had a show that just came down last week in New York.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m m\u1edbi k\u1ebft th\u00fac tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf New York.\n"}
{"en":"We steamed up the windows permanently, and every hour we had a different designer come in and write these things that they've learned into the steam in the window.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c th\u1ed5i h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u1eeda s\u1ed5, v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00e1c \u0111i v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean c\u1eeda s\u1ed5.\n"}
{"en":"Everybody participated -- Milton Glaser, Massimo Vignelli.\n","vi":"M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u tham gia - - Milton Glaser, Massimo Vignelli.\n"}
{"en":"Singapore was quite in discussion.\n","vi":"Singapore \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc.\n"}
{"en":"This is a little spot that we filmed there that's to be displayed on the large JumboTrons in Singapore.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 quay phim \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfu t\u1ea1i m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh si\u00eau r\u1ed9ng JumboTrons t\u1ea1i Singapore,\n"}
{"en":"And, of course, it's one that's dear to my heart, because all of these sentiments -- some banal, some a bit more profound -- all originally had come out of my diary.\n","vi":"v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 phim n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i, b\u1edfi m\u1ecdi c\u1ea3m x\u00fac, \u0111\u00f4i l\u00fac gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb, \u0111\u00f4i l\u00fac s\u00e2u s\u1eafc, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb nh\u1eadt k\u00fd c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i.\n"}
{"en":"And I do go often into the diary and check if I wanted to change something about the situation.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean xem l\u1ea1i nh\u1eadt k\u00fd v\u00e0 xem li\u1ec7u m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 mu\u1ed1n thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i hay kh\u00f4ng.\n"}
{"en":"If it's -- see it for a long enough time, I actually do something about it.\n","vi":"Li\u1ec7u - trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ee7 d\u00e0i, t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng.\n"}
{"en":"And the very last one is a billboard.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o.\n"}
{"en":"This is our roof in New York, the roof of the studio.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u00e1i nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u1edf New York, m\u00e1i nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a studio.\n"}
{"en":"This is newsprint plus stencils that lie on the newsprint.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 gi\u1ea5y b\u00e1o v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u00e1 kim lo\u1ea1i m\u1ecfng n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"We let that lie around in the sun.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u01a1i d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u1eafng.\n"}
{"en":"As you all know, newsprint yellows significantly in the sun.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft, gi\u1ea5y b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 trong n\u1eafng s\u1ebd \u1ed1 v\u00e0ng r\u1ea5t nhanh.\n"}
{"en":"After a week, we took the stencils and the leaves off, shipped the newsprints to Lisbon to a very sunny spot, so on day one the billboard said, \"Complaining is silly.\n","vi":"Sau m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m l\u00e1 \u0111i, chuy\u1ec3n ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ebfn Lisbon t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u00e1nh n\u1eafng, th\u1ebf l\u00e0 v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o ghi, \"Than v\u00e3n l\u00e0 ng\u1ed1c ngh\u1ebfch.\n"}
{"en":"Either act or forget. \"\n","vi":"Ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c qu\u00ean \u0111i. \"\n"}
{"en":"Three days later it faded, and a week later, no more complaining anywhere.\n","vi":"Ba ng\u00e0y sau n\u00f3 m\u1edd d\u1ea7n, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n sau, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n than v\u00e3n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u n\u1eefa.\n"}
{"en":"(Laughter) Thank you so much.\n","vi":"(Ti\u1ebfng c\u01b0\u1eddi) C\u1ea3m \u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u.\n"}
{"en":"Thirteen years ago, we set ourselves a goal to end poverty.\n","vi":"13 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eb7t cho m\u00ecnh m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t \u0111\u00f3i ngh\u00e8o.\n"}
{"en":"After some success, we've hit a big hurdle.\n","vi":"Sau m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, ta b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i l\u1edbn.\n"}
{"en":"The aftermath of the financial crisis has begun to hit aid payments, which have fallen for two consecutive years.\n","vi":"H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c chi ti\u00eau cho vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m trong hai n\u0103m li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp.\n"}
{"en":"My question is whether the lessons learned from saving the financial system can be used to help us overcome that hurdle and help millions.\n","vi":"C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc r\u00fat ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee9u l\u1ea5y h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u00edch g\u00ec cho ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi.\n"}
{"en":"Can we simply print money for aid?\n","vi":"Li\u1ec7u ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 in ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3?\n"}
{"en":"\"Surely not.\"\n","vi":"\"Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng r\u1ed3i.\"\n"}
{"en":"It's a common reaction.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p.\n"}
{"en":"(Laughter) It's a quick talk.\n","vi":"(C\u01b0\u1eddi) \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n ng\u1eafn.\n"}
{"en":"Others channel John McEnroe.\n","vi":"M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd ngh\u0129 t\u1edbi John McEnroe.\n"}
{"en":"\"You can not be serious!\"\n","vi":"\"Anh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f9a \u0111\u1ea5y ch\u1ee9!\"\n"}
{"en":"Now, I ca n't do the accent, but I am serious, thanks to these two children, who, as you'll learn, are very much at the heart of my talk.\n","vi":"B\u00e2y gi\u1edd, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3 gi\u1ecdng gi\u1ed1ng v\u1eady \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i r\u1ea5t nghi\u00eam t\u00fac, nh\u1edd v\u00e0o hai \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb n\u00e0y, m\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft ngay sau \u0111\u00e2y, l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a bu\u1ed5i n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i h\u00f4m nay.\n"}
{"en":"On the left, we have Pia.\n","vi":"B\u00ean tr\u00e1i l\u00e0 Pia.\n"}
{"en":"She lives in England.\n","vi":"C\u00f4 b\u00e9 s\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i Anh\n"}
{"en":"She has two loving parents, one of whom is standing right here.\n","vi":"C\u00f4 b\u00e9 c\u00f3 b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 \u0111\u00e1ng m\u1ebfn, m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng ngay \u0111\u00e2y.\n"}
{"en":"Dorothy, on the right, lives in rural Kenya.\n","vi":"Dorothy, b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i, s\u1ed1ng \u1edf v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n Kenya\n"}
{"en":"She's one of 13,000 orphans and vulnerable children who are assisted by a charity that I support.\n","vi":"C\u00f4 b\u00e9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong 13000 tr\u1ebb m\u1ed3 c\u00f4i nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb d\u1ec5 t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u00e0 t\u00f4i h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nu\u00f4i n\u1ea5ng.\n"}
{"en":"I do that because I believe that Dorothy, like Pia, deserves the best life chances that we can afford to give her.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 b\u1edfi t\u00f4i tin r\u1eb1ng Dorothy, c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 Pia, x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i s\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn cho con b\u00e9.\n"}
{"en":"You'll all agree with me, I'm sure.\n","vi":"Qu\u00fd v\u1ecb t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ecnh v\u1edbi t\u00f4i, t\u00f4i tin ch\u1eafc l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.\n"}
{"en":"The U.N. agrees too.\n","vi":"Li\u00ean Hi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ed1c c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.\n"}
{"en":"Their overriding aim for international aid is to strive for a life of dignity for all.\n","vi":"M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng ph\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00ec m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi.\n"}
{"en":"But -- and here's that hurdle -- can we afford our aid aspirations?\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng - - c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i - - Li\u1ec7u ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3?\n"}
{"en":"History suggests not.\n","vi":"L\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111i\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i.\n"}
{"en":"In 1970, governments set themselves a target to increase overseas aid payments to 0.7 percent of their national income.\n","vi":"V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1970, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u0103ng chi ti\u00eau d\u00e0nh cho vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i l\u00ean 0.7% thu nh\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n.\n"}
{"en":"As you can see, a big gap opens up between actual aid and that target.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn gi\u1eefa ngu\u1ed3n vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 ra.\n"}
{"en":"But then come the Millennium Development Goals, eight ambitious targets to be met by 2015.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7, t\u00e1m m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ea7y tham v\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 2015\n"}
{"en":"If I tell you that just one of those targets is to eradicate extreme hunger and poverty, you get a sense of the ambition.\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu t\u00f4i cho qu\u00fd v\u1ecb hay r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau tr\u00ean l\u00e0 nh\u1eb1m xo\u00e1 ngh\u00e8o v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3i c\u00f9ng c\u1ef1c, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c d\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tham v\u1ecdng.\n"}
{"en":"There's also been some success.\n","vi":"C\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.\n"}
{"en":"The number of people living on less than $1.25 a day has halved.\n","vi":"S\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi \u00edt h\u01a1n 1.25 \u0111\u00f4 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda.\n"}
{"en":"But a lot remains to be done in two years.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m trong v\u00f2ng hai n\u0103m.\n"}
{"en":"One in eight remain hungry.\n","vi":"M\u1ed9t trong t\u00e1m \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0 n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i.\n"}
{"en":"In the context of this auditorium, the front two rows are n't going to get any food.\n","vi":"X\u00e9t theo b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a th\u00ednh ph\u00f2ng n\u00e0y, hai h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ed th\u1ee9c \u0103n n\u00e0o.\n"}
{"en":"We ca n't settle for that, which is why the concern about the eighth goal, which relates to funding, which I said at the beginning is falling, is so troubling.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c x\u1ea3y ra, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m v\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m, c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3, m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111ang gi\u1ea3m, l\u1ea1i r\u1eafc r\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eady.\n"}
{"en":"So what can be done?\n","vi":"V\u1eady th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e2y?\n"}
{"en":"Well, I work in financial markets, not development.\n","vi":"V\u00e2ng, t\u00f4i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.\n"}
{"en":"I study the behavior of investors, how they react to policy and the economy.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, c\u00e1ch h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf.\n"}
{"en":"It gives me a different angle on the aid issue.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn cho t\u00f4i m\u1ed9t kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh kh\u00e1c trong v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3.\n"}
{"en":"But it took an innocent question from my then - four - year - old daughter to make me appreciate that.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ng\u00e2y th\u01a1 xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ee9a con g\u00e1i s\u1eafp l\u00ean 4 tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m t\u00f4i ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"Pia and I were on the way to a local cafe and we passed a man collecting for charity.\n","vi":"Pia v\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111ang tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111i qua m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng \u0111ang gom g\u00f3p ti\u1ec1n cho t\u1eeb thi\u1ec7n.\n"}
{"en":"I did n't have any change to give him, and she was disappointed.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n l\u1ebb \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a cho \u00f4ng ta, v\u00e0 con g\u00e1i t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"Once in the cafe, Pia takes out her coloring book and starts scribbling.\n","vi":"Khi \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf trong qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, Pia l\u1ea5y ra t\u1eadp s\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e0u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u vi\u1ebft ngu\u1ec7ch ngo\u1ea1c l\u00ean \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"After a little while, I ask her what she's doing, and she shows me a drawing of a \u00a35 note to give to the man outside.\n","vi":"Sau m\u1ed9t l\u00fac, t\u00f4i h\u1ecfi con b\u00e9 r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 \u0111ang l\u00e0m g\u00ec th\u1ebf, v\u00e0 con b\u00e9 cho t\u00f4i xem b\u1ee9c v\u1ebd t\u1edd ti\u1ec1n 5 \u0111\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng ngo\u00e0i kia.\n"}
{"en":"It's so sweet, and more generous than Dad would have been.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 th\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1ng y\u00eau, v\u00e0 r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i h\u01a1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u.\n"}
{"en":"But of course I explained to her, \"You ca n't do that; it's not allowed.\"\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1edbi con b\u00e9, \"Con kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m th\u1ebf \u0111\u00e2u, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p.\"\n"}
{"en":"To which I get the classic four - year - old response: \"Why not?\"\n","vi":"V\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e1p kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a b\u00e9 g\u00e1i 4 tu\u1ed5i: \"T\u1ea1i sao l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng \u1ea1?\"\n"}
{"en":"Now I'm excited, because I actually think I can answer this time.\n","vi":"Hi\u1ec7n gi\u1edd t\u00f4i r\u1ea5t ph\u1ea5n kh\u00edch, b\u1edfi v\u00ec th\u1ef1c ra t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"So I launch into an explanation of how an unlimited supply of money chasing a limited number of goods sends prices to the moon.\n","vi":"V\u00ec v\u1eady m\u00e0 t\u00f4i lao v\u00e0o l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch cho vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cung ti\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n s\u0103n \u0111u\u1ed5i l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea9y gi\u00e1 ti\u1ec1n l\u00ean th\u1eadt cao.\n"}
{"en":"Something about that exchange stuck with me, not because of the look of relief on Pia's face when I finally finished, but because it related to the sanctity of the money supply, a sanctity that had been challenged and questioned by the reaction of central banks to the financial crisis.\n","vi":"M\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 trao \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0m t\u00f4i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y v\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eafc, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn nh\u1eb9 nh\u00f5m tr\u00ean g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a Pia khi cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng t\u00f4i c\u0169ng ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh, m\u00e0 b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n cung ti\u1ec1n, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 thi\u00eang li\u00eang b\u1ecb th\u1eed th\u00e1ch v\u00e0 nghi v\u1ea5n b\u1edfi ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh.\n"}
{"en":"To reassure investors, central banks began buying assets to try and encourage investors to do the same.\n","vi":"\u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m y\u00ean l\u00f2ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh mua c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean, khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1.\n"}
{"en":"They funded these purchases with money they created themselves.\n","vi":"Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho nh\u1eefng l\u1ea7n thu mua nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh ti\u1ec1n do h\u1ecd t\u1ea1o ra.\n"}
{"en":"The money was n't actually physically printed.\n","vi":"s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in ra.\n"}
{"en":"It's still sort of locked away in the banking system today.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5t tr\u1eef trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng hi\u1ec7n nay.\n"}
{"en":"But the amount created was unprecedented.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"Together, the central banks of the U.S., U.K and Japan increased the stock of money in their economies by 3.7 trillion dollars.\n","vi":"C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nhau, ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng trung \u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3, Anh v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n gia t\u0103ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef ti\u1ec1n trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf l\u00ean kho\u1ea3ng 3.7 t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la.\n"}
{"en":"That's three times, in fact that's more than three times, the total physical stock of dollar notes in circulation.\n","vi":"g\u1ea5p ba l\u1ea7n, th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 h\u01a1n ba l\u1ea7n, t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef ti\u1ec1n gi\u1ea5y th\u1ef1c trong l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng.\n"}
{"en":"Three times!\n","vi":"G\u1ea5p ba l\u1ea7n!\n"}
{"en":"Before the crisis, this would have been utterly unthinkable, yet it was accepted remarkably quickly.\n","vi":"Tr\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng, ch\u1eb3ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 t\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 n\u00f3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i.\n"}
{"en":"The price of gold, an asset thought to protect against inflation, did jump, but investors bought other assets that offered little protection from inflation.\n","vi":"Gi\u00e1 v\u00e0ng, t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 s\u1ebd ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t, th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t t\u0103ng v\u1ecdt, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 mua c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi \u00edt kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t.\n"}
{"en":"They bought fixed income securities, bonds.\n","vi":"H\u1ecd mua ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, tr\u00e1i phi\u1ebfu.\n"}
{"en":"They bought equities too.\n","vi":"H\u1ecd c\u0169ng mua n\u1ed1t c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng ty.\n"}
{"en":"For all the scare stories, the actual actions of investors spoke of rapid acceptance and confidence.\n","vi":"So v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n g\u00e2y hoang mang, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i l\u00ean s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 tin v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.\n"}
{"en":"That confidence was based on two pillars.\n","vi":"S\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 tin \u0111\u00f3 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o hai r\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ed9t.\n"}
{"en":"The first was that, after years of keeping inflation under control, central banks were trusted to take the money - printing away if inflation became a threat.\n","vi":"Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0, sau nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m gi\u1eef l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t \u1edf m\u1ee9c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 s\u1ebd thu mua ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 n\u1ebfu l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e1ng b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng.\n"}
{"en":"Secondly, inflation simply never became a threat.\n","vi":"Th\u1ee9 hai, l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n s\u1ebd ch\u1eb3ng bao gi\u1edd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed1i ho\u1ea1.\n"}
{"en":"As you can see, in the United States, inflation for most of this period remained below average.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y, t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9, l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n.\n"}
{"en":"It was the same elsewhere.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c.\n"}
{"en":"So how does all this relate to aid?\n","vi":"V\u1eady th\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 n\u00e0y li\u00ean quan nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3?\n"}
{"en":"Well, this is where Dorothy and the Mango Tree charity that supports her comes in.\n","vi":"V\u00e2ng, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i m\u00e0 Dorothy v\u00e0 h\u1ed9i t\u1eeb thi\u1ec7n Mango Tree h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho c\u00f4 b\u00e9.\n"}
{"en":"I was at one of their fundraising events earlier this year, and I was inspired to give a one - off donation when I remembered that my firm offers to match the charitable contributions its employees make.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 tham d\u1ef1 m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n g\u00e2y qu\u1ef9 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 quy\u00ean g\u00f3p t\u1eb7ng ph\u1ea9m m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n khi nh\u1edb ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng tyt\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb thi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean.\n"}
{"en":"So think of this: Instead of just being able to help Dorothy and four of her classmates to go through secondary school for a few years, I was able to double my contribution.\n","vi":"V\u00ec v\u1eady, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y: thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 Dorothy v\u00e0 b\u1ed1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n c\u00f9ng l\u1edbp c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 b\u00e9 v\u00e0o h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m, t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.\n"}
{"en":"So following that conversation with my daughter, and seeing the absence of inflation in the face of money - printing, and knowing that international aid payments were falling at just the wrong time, this made me wonder: Could we match but just on a much grander scale?\n","vi":"V\u00ec v\u1eady, theo sau cu\u1ed9c tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi con g\u00e1i c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu v\u1eafng c\u1ee7a l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t trong vi\u1ec7c in ti\u1ec1n, v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c chi ti\u00eau cho vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111ang s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang l\u00fac, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m t\u00f4i b\u0103n kho\u0103n: Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n ch\u0103ng?\n"}
{"en":"Let's call this scheme \"Print Aid.\"\n","vi":"H\u00e3y g\u1ecdi k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \"In vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3.\"\n"}
{"en":"And here's how it might work.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 n\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.\n"}
{"en":"Provided it saw little inflation risk from doing so, the central bank would be mandated to match the government's overseas aid payments up to a certain limit.\n","vi":"Mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u00edt \u0111e do\u1ea1 t\u1eeb l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t khi l\u00e0m th\u1ebf, ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng trung \u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c u\u1ef7 th\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 gom g\u00f3p v\u00e0o chi ti\u00eau cho vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.\n"}
{"en":"Governments have been aiming to get aid to 0.7 percent for years, so let's set the limit at half of that, 0.35 percent of their income.\n","vi":"Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111ang h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u0103ng vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 l\u00ean 0.7% \/ n\u0103m v\u1eady th\u00ec, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1eb7t ra gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda m\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3, 0,35% t\u1ed5ng thu nh\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n.\n"}
{"en":"So it would work like this: If in a given year the government gave 0.2 percent of its income to overseas aid, the central bank would simply top it up with a further 0.2 percent.\n","vi":"V\u00ec v\u1eady, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y: N\u1ebfu trong n\u0103m m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 d\u00e0nh kho\u1ea3ng 0.2% t\u1ed5ng thu nh\u1eadp cho vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng trung \u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ec9 s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 gom g\u00f3p v\u1edbi h\u01a1n 0.2%\n"}
{"en":"So far so good.\n","vi":"\u00cdt ra l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"How risky is this?\n","vi":"Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y li\u1ec1u l\u0129nh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?\n"}
{"en":"Well, this involves the creation of money to buy goods, not assets.\n","vi":"V\u00e2ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i in ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 mua h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 mua t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n.\n"}
{"en":"It sounds more inflationary already, does n't it.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y nghe c\u00f3 v\u1ebb l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t r\u1ed3i nh\u1ec9.\n"}
{"en":"But there are two important mitigating factors here.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 hai nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3m th\u00f4ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y.\n"}
{"en":"The first is that by definition, this money printed would be spent overseas.\n","vi":"Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 theo nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a, ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in ra nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi ti\u00eau \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i.\n"}
{"en":"So it's not obvious how it leads to inflation in the country doing the actual printing unless it leads to a currency depreciation of that country.\n","vi":"V\u00ec v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o n\u00f3 s\u1ebd d\u1eabn t\u1edbi l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t t\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c gia ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh in ti\u1ec1n n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng d\u1eabn t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"That is unlikely for the second reason: the scale of the money that would be printed under this scheme.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 v\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang cho l\u00fd do th\u1ee9 hai: quy m\u00f4 ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in theo ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"So let's think of an example where Print Aid was in place in the U.S., U.K. and Japan.\n","vi":"V\u00ec v\u1eady h\u00e3y ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 n\u01a1i m\u00e0 Print Aid \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9, Anh v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n.\n"}
{"en":"To match the aid payments made by those governments over the last four years, Print Aid would have generated 200 billion dollars' worth of extra aid.\n","vi":"\u0110\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p chi ph\u00ed vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 cho nh\u1eefng ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u00e0y trong v\u00f2ng 4 n\u0103m qua, Print Aid c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra 200 t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la ti\u1ec1n vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 th\u00eam.\n"}
{"en":"What would that look like in the context of the increase in the money stock that had already happened in those countries to save the financial system?\n","vi":"Chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd ra sao trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng trong d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng x\u1ea3y ra t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u l\u1ea5y h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh?\n"}
{"en":"Are you read for this?\n","vi":"B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ch\u0103ng?\n"}
{"en":"You might struggle to see that at the back, because the gap is quite small.\n","vi":"C\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn ra ch\u00fang, t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eb1ng sau, b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 kh\u00e1 nh\u1ecf.\n"}
{"en":"So what we're saying here is that we took a $3.7 trillion gamble to save our financial systems, and you know what, it paid off.\n","vi":"V\u00ec v\u1eady, nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ta \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5y 3.7 ngh\u00ecn t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la ti\u1ec1n c\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u l\u1ea5y h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.\n"}
{"en":"There was no inflation.\n","vi":"Ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t g\u00ec \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ea3.\n"}
{"en":"Are we really saying that it's not worth the risk to print an extra 200 billion for aid?\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 \u0111ang \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng m\u1ea1o hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ec3 in th\u00eam 200 t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la cho vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3?\n"}
{"en":"Would the risks really be that different?\n","vi":"Th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 nh\u1eefng nguy hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t?\n"}
{"en":"To me, it's not that clear.\n","vi":"\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.\n"}
{"en":"What is clear is the impact on aid.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u r\u00e0nh r\u00e0nh \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3.\n"}
{"en":"Even though this is the printing of just three central banks, the global aid that's given over this period is up by almost 40 percent.\n","vi":"M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c in ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ba ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng trung \u01b0\u01a1ng, vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u m\u00e0 h\u1ecd h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y l\u00ean t\u1edbi g\u1ea7n 40%.\n"}
{"en":"Aid as a proportion of national income all of a sudden is at a 40 - year high.\n","vi":"Vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n trong thu nh\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n b\u1ea5t th\u00ecnh l\u00ecnh \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea3 40 n\u0103m.\n"}
{"en":"Now, we do n't get to 0.7 percent.\n","vi":"Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c 0.7%.\n"}
{"en":"Governments are still incentivized to give.\n","vi":"Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3.\n"}
{"en":"But you know what, that's the point of a matching scheme.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng, \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch.\n"}
{"en":"So I think what we've learned is that the risks from this money creation scheme are quite modest, but the benefits are potentially huge.\n","vi":"V\u00ec v\u1eady t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i hi\u1ec3m ho\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o ti\u1ec1n l\u00e0 kh\u00e1 nh\u1ecf, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ee3i \u00edch \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00ec r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn.\n"}
{"en":"Imagine what we could do with 40 percent more funding.\n","vi":"H\u00e3y t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m khi c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam 40% ti\u1ec1n t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3.\n"}
{"en":"We might be able to feed the front row.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p th\u1ee9c \u0103n cho h\u00e0ng gh\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea7u r\u1ed3i.\n"}
{"en":"The thing that I fear, the only thing that I fear, apart from the fact that I've run out of time, is that the window of opportunity for this idea is a short one.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 t\u00f4i s\u1ee3, \u0111i\u1ec1u duy nh\u1ea5t t\u00f4i s\u1ee3, b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang d\u1ea7n c\u1ea1n th\u1eddi gian, l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eb9p.\n"}
{"en":"Today, money creation by central banks is an accepted policy tool.\n","vi":"Hi\u1ec7n nay, t\u1ea1o ti\u1ec1n b\u1edfi ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng trung \u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn.\n"}
{"en":"That may not always be the case.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.\n"}
{"en":"Today there are universally agreed aims for international aid.\n","vi":"Hi\u1ec7n nay, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.\n"}
{"en":"That may not always be the case.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.\n"}
{"en":"Today might be the only time that these two things coincide, such that we can afford the aid that we've always aspired to give.\n","vi":"Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian duy nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 hai th\u1ee9 n\u00e0y tr\u00f9ng kh\u1edbp nhau, m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh h\u1eb1ng mong mu\u1ed1n cho \u0111i.\n"}
{"en":"So, can we print money for international aid?\n","vi":"V\u00ec v\u1eady, li\u1ec7u ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 in ti\u1ec1n ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf?\n"}
{"en":"I seriously believe the question should be, why not?\n","vi":"T\u00f4i nghi\u00eam t\u00fac tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi, t\u1ea1i sao kh\u00f4ng?\n"}
{"en":"For a long time in my life, I felt like I'd been living two different lives.\n","vi":"G\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh t\u00f4i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng hai cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c nhau\n"}
{"en":"There's the life that everyone sees, and then there's the life that only I see.\n","vi":"C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y.\n"}
{"en":"And in the life that everyone sees, who I am is a friend, a son, a brother, a stand - up comedian and a teenager.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y, t\u00f4i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi con trai, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh, m\u1ed9t di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean ch\u00e2m bi\u1ebfm h\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thanh ni\u00ean.\n"}
{"en":"That's the life everyone sees.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y.\n"}
{"en":"If you were to ask my friends and family to describe me, that's what they would tell you.\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u00e8 b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh t\u00f4i mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 t\u00f4i, \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec h\u1ecd n\u00f3i v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n.\n"}
{"en":"And that's a huge part of me.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3ng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i.\n"}
{"en":"That is who I am.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh t\u00f4i.\n"}
{"en":"And if you were to ask me to describe myself, I'd probably say some of those same things.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u00f4i t\u1ef1 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn t\u00f4i c\u0169ng s\u1ebd n\u00f3i nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1.\n"}
{"en":"And I would n't be lying, but I would n't totally be telling you the truth, either, because the truth is, that's just the life everyone else sees.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n n\u00f3i cho b\u1ea1n to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt b\u1edfi v\u00ec s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt l\u00e0, \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea5y,\n"}
{"en":"In the life that only I see, who I am, who I really am, is someone who struggles intensely with depression.\n","vi":"Trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u00ecnh t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y, b\u00e0n th\u00e2n t\u00f4i, th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n t\u00f4i, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecdi k\u1ecbch li\u1ec7t v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m.\n"}
{"en":"I have for the last six years of my life, and I continue to every day.\n","vi":"m\u00e0 t\u00f4i c\u00f3 trong su\u1ed1t s\u00e1u n\u0103m trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi m\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i v\u1eabn \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecdi m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"Now, for someone who has never experienced depression or does n't really know what that means, that might surprise them to hear, because there's this pretty popular misconception that depression is just being sad when something in your life goes wrong, when you break up with your girlfriend, when you lose a loved one, when you do n't get the job you wanted.\n","vi":"M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd tr\u1ea3i qua c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m hay ch\u01b0a th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebft tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m l\u00e0 g\u00ec, h\u1ecd th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 s\u1ebd ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean, v\u00ec th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 quan ni\u1ec7m sai l\u1ea7m kh\u00e1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, r\u1eb1ng tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c bu\u1ed3n ch\u00e1n khi \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, khi b\u1ea1n chia tay v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n g\u00e1i, khi b\u1ea1n m\u1ea5t \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n, khi b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea1n mong mu\u1ed1n.\n"}
{"en":"That's a natural thing.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.\n"}
{"en":"That's a natural human emotion.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.\n"}
{"en":"Real depression is n't being sad when something in your life goes wrong.\n","vi":"Tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 bu\u1ed3n ch\u00e1n khi cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 \u00fd.\n"}
{"en":"Real depression is being sad when everything in your life is going right.\n","vi":"Tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 ch\u00e1n n\u1ea3n khi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t.\n"}
{"en":"That's real depression, and that's what I suffer from.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 m\u1edbi l\u00e0 tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c t\u00f4i \u0111ang ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng.\n"}
{"en":"And to be totally honest, that's hard for me to stand up here and say.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 th\u00fa th\u1eadt t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e1y l\u00f2ng, th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i khi \u0111\u1ee9ng t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0 di\u1ec5n thuy\u1ebft.\n"}
{"en":"It's hard for me to talk about, and it seems to be hard for everyone to talk about, so much so that no one's talking about it.\n","vi":"Th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 ai c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y kh\u00f3 khi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng ai mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 n\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"And no one's talking about depression, but we need to be, because right now it's a massive problem.\n","vi":"Kh\u00f4ng ai mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i, b\u1edfi v\u00ec hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1edbn.\n"}
{"en":"It's a massive problem.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1edbn.\n"}
{"en":"But we do n't see it on social media, right?\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y n\u00f3 tr\u00ean truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, \u0111\u00fang kh\u00f4ng?\n"}
{"en":"We do n't see it on Facebook.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y n\u00f3 tr\u00ean Facebook.\n"}
{"en":"We do n't see it on Twitter.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y n\u00f3 tr\u00ean Twitter.\n"}
{"en":"We do n't see it on the news, because it's not happy, it's not fun, it's not light.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y n\u00f3 tr\u00ean b\u1ea3n tin, b\u1edfi v\u00ec ch\u1eef tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m kh\u00f4ng \u0111em l\u1ea1i h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac ch\u00fat n\u00e0o n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec vui, kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1i s\u00e1ng\n"}
{"en":"And so because we do n't see it, we do n't see the severity of it.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 ch\u00ednh v\u00ec ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y n\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.\n"}
{"en":"But the severity of it and the seriousness of it is this: every 30 seconds, every 30 seconds, somewhere, someone in the world takes their own life because of depression, and it might be two blocks away, it might be two countries away, it might be two continents away, but it's happening, and it's happening every single day.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam t\u00fac c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y: c\u1ee9 m\u1ed7i 30 gi\u00e2y, c\u1ee9 m\u1ed7i 30 gi\u00e2y, \u1edf m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u1ef1 s\u00e1t v\u00ec tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y hai d\u00e3y nh\u00e0, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y hai qu\u1ed1c gia, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e1ch xa \u0111\u1ebfn hai l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra. v\u00e0 n\u00f3 di\u1ec5n ra m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"And we have a tendency, as a society, to look at that and go, \"So what?\"\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta hay c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng, nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, nh\u00ecn v\u00e0 quay \u0111i \"V\u1eady th\u00ec sao n\u00e0o?\"\n"}
{"en":"So what?\n","vi":"V\u1eady th\u00ec sao?\n"}
{"en":"We look at that, and we go, \"That's your problem.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta b\u1ecf \u0111i: \"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a anh!\"\n"}
{"en":"That's their problem. \"\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \"\n"}
{"en":"We say we're sad and we say we're sorry, but we also say, \"So what?\"\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta n\u00f3i ch\u00fang ta r\u1ea5t bu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 n\u00f3i ch\u00fang ta r\u1ea5t l\u00e0m ti\u1ebfc, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng n\u00f3i \"v\u1eady th\u00ec sao n\u00e0o?\"\n"}
{"en":"Well, two years ago it was my problem, because I sat on the edge of my bed where I'd sat a million times before and I was suicidal.\n","vi":"Hai n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n t\u00f4i, b\u1edfi v\u00ec t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1ed3i \u1edf b\u00ean gi\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh n\u01a1i t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1ed3i h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u l\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n t\u1ef1 s\u00e1t.\n"}
{"en":"I was suicidal, and if you were to look at my life on the surface, you would n't see a kid who was suicidal.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 mu\u1ed1n t\u1ef1 s\u00e1t v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n nh\u00ecn cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 \u1edf b\u1ec1 n\u1ed5i, ban kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ef1 s\u00e1t,\n"}
{"en":"You'd see a kid who was the captain of his basketball team, the drama and theater student of the year, the English student of the year, someone who was consistently on the honor roll and consistently at every party.\n","vi":"B\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9i b\u00f3ng r\u1ed5, m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc sinh trong \u0111\u1ed9i k\u1ecbch m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc sinh gi\u1ecfi ti\u1ebfng anh c\u1ee7a n\u0103m m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi lu\u00f4n \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed danh d\u1ef1 v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n \u1edf m\u1ed7i bu\u1ed5i ti\u1ec7c.\n"}
{"en":"So you would say I was n't depressed, you would say I was n't suicidal, but you would be wrong.\n","vi":"B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ef1 s\u00e1t, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea7m.\n"}
{"en":"You would be wrong.\n","vi":"B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea7m.\n"}
{"en":"So I sat there that night beside a bottle of pills with a pen and paper in my hand and I thought about taking my own life and I came this close to doing it.\n","vi":"V\u00ec th\u1ebf t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1ed3i \u1edf c\u1ea1nh gi\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed1i k\u1ebf b\u00ean m\u1ed9t l\u1ecd thu\u1ed1c v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 t\u1edd gi\u1ea5y trong tay v\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 s\u00e1t v\u00e0 t\u00f4i th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 su\u00fdt l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3\n"}
{"en":"I came this close to doing it.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y\n"}
{"en":"And I did n't, so that makes me one of the lucky ones, one of the people who gets to step out on the ledge and look down but not jump, one of the lucky ones who survives.\n","vi":"v\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn t\u00f4i th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi may m\u1eafn, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00e1nh xa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1edd v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 nh\u00ecn xu\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea3y, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi may m\u1eafn s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t\n"}
{"en":"Well, I survived, and that just leaves me with my story, and my story is this: In four simple words, I suffer from depression.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i cho t\u00f4i c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y: Ch\u1ec9 v\u1ecfn v\u1eb9n m\u1ea5y t\u1eeb \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n: t\u00f4i b\u1ecb ch\u1ee9ng tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m.\n"}
{"en":"I suffer from depression, and for a long time, I think, I was living two totally different lives, where one person was always afraid of the other.\n","vi":"t\u00f4i b\u1ecb ch\u1ee9ng tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m, v\u00e0 trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng hai cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c nhau, m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi lu\u00f4n s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c,\n"}
{"en":"I was afraid that people would see me for who I really was, that I was n't the perfect, popular kid in high school everyone thought I was, that beneath my smile, there was struggle, and beneath my light, there was dark, and beneath my big personality just hid even bigger pain.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ee3 r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y t\u00f4i v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eebng ngh\u0129, n\u00f3 \u1ea9n \u0111\u1eb1ng sau n\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh, v\u00e0 \u1ea9n ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1eb1ng sau h\u00e0o quang c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i, v\u00e0 sau t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch n\u1ed5i tr\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i c\u00f2n \u1ea9n ch\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n.\n"}
{"en":"See, some people might fear girls not liking them back.\n","vi":"M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi lo s\u1ee3 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4 g\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch m\u00ecnh.\n"}
{"en":"Some people might fear sharks.\n","vi":"M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ee3 c\u00e1 m\u1eadp.\n"}
{"en":"Some people might fear death.\n","vi":"M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ef1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft\n"}
{"en":"But for me, for a large part of my life, I feared myself.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi t\u00f4i, v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, t\u00f4i s\u1ee3 ch\u00ednh t\u00f4i,\n"}
{"en":"I feared my truth, I feared my honesty, I feared my vulnerability, and that fear made me feel like I was forced into a corner, like I was forced into a corner and there was only one way out, and so I thought about that way every single day.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i s\u1ee3 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n, t\u00f4i s\u1ee3 s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh th\u00e2t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, t\u00f4i s\u1ee3 ph\u1ea7n y\u1ebfu \u0111u\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 \u0111\u00f3 khi\u1ebfn t\u00f4i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 m\u00ecnh \u0111ang b\u1ecb d\u1ed3n v\u00e0o ch\u00e2n t\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 t\u00f4i b\u1ecb d\u1ed3n v\u00e0o ch\u00e2n t\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i tho\u00e1t, v\u00e0 v\u00ec th\u1ebf t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"I thought about it every single day, and if I'm being totally honest, standing here I've thought about it again since, because that's the sickness, that's the struggle, that's depression, and depression is n't chicken pox.\n","vi":"t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 n\u00f3 m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu n\u00f3i cho th\u1eadt trung th\u1ef1c, th\u00ec l\u00fac n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ee9ng t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f4i l\u1ea1i ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 n\u00f3 l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa, b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ec7nh, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m, v\u00e0 tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh thu\u1ef7 \u0111\u1eadu.\n"}
{"en":"You do n't beat it once and it's gone forever.\n","vi":"b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea5u v\u1edbi n\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n v\u00e0 n\u00f3 ra \u0111i m\u00e3i m\u00e3i.\n"}
{"en":"It's the roommate you ca n't kick out. It's the voice you ca n't ignore.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 \u1edf ngay c\u1ea1nh m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111u\u1ed5i \u0111i N\u00f3 l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u1ea3ng tr\u00e1nh,\n"}
{"en":"It's the feelings you ca n't seem to escape, the scariest part is that after a while, you become numb to it.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed1n tr\u00e1nh, ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian, b\u1ea1n tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u00ea li\u1ec7t v\u1edbi n\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"It becomes normal for you, and what you really fear the most is n't the suffering inside of you.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n, v\u00e0 c\u00e1i m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ee3 nh\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng b\u00ean trong b\u1ea1n.\n"}
{"en":"It's the stigma inside of others, it's the shame, it's the embarrassment, it's the disapproving look on a friend's face, it's the whispers in the hallway that you're weak, it's the comments that you're crazy.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ef3 th\u1ecb \u1edf b\u00ean trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 x\u1ea5u h\u1ed5, m\u1eb7c c\u1ea3m \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn b\u1ea1n tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t b\u1ea1n b\u00e8, \u0111\u00f3 l\u1eddi th\u00ec th\u1ea7m trong s\u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 k\u1ebb y\u1ebfu \u0111u\u1ed1i, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi b\u00ecnh ph\u1ea9m r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n b\u1ecb \u0111i\u00ean.\n"}
{"en":"That's what keeps you from getting help.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 ng\u0103n b\u1ea1n nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1.\n"}
{"en":"That's what makes you hold it in and hide it.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 khi\u1ebfn b\u1ea1n t\u1ef1 gi\u1eef tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m trong l\u00f2ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea5u n\u00f3 \u0111i.\n"}
{"en":"It's the stigma.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ef3 th\u1ecb.\n"}
{"en":"So you hold it in and you hide it, and you hold it in and you hide it, and even though it's keeping you in bed every day and it's making your life feel empty no matter how much you try and fill it, you hide it, because the stigma in our society around depression is very real.\n","vi":"Do \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea1n gi\u1eef v\u00e0 gi\u1ea5u tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m trong l\u00f2ng, B\u1ea1n gi\u1eef n\u00f3 v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n gi\u1ea5u n\u00f3 \u0111i. v\u00e0 m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 n\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 khi\u1ebfn b\u1ea1n n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean gi\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 n\u00f3 khi\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng d\u00f9 b\u1ea1n c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea7y n\u00f3, b\u1ea1n gi\u1ea5u, b\u1edfi v\u00ec s\u1ef1 k\u1ef3 th\u1ecb trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1eadt.\n"}
{"en":"It's very real, and if you think that it is n't, ask yourself this: Would you rather make your next Facebook status say you're having a tough time getting out of bed because you hurt your back or you're having a tough time getting out of bed every morning because you're depressed?\n","vi":"N\u00f3 r\u1ea5t th\u1eadt, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ebf, h\u00e3y t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi b\u1ea3n th\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y: B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu ghi tr\u00ean Facebook c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n m\u00e3i m\u1edbi ra kh\u1ecfi gi\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1edfi v\u00ec b\u1ea1n b\u1ecb \u0111au l\u01b0ng hay b\u1ea1n th\u1eadt v\u1ea5t v\u1ea3 v\u00e0 dai d\u1eb3ng v\u1ef1c m\u00ecnh ra kh\u1ecfi gi\u01b0\u1eddng, s\u00e1ng n\u00e0o c\u0169ng v\u1eady b\u1edfi v\u00ec b\u1ea1n b\u1ecb tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m?\n"}
{"en":"That's the stigma, because unfortunately, we live in a world where if you break your arm, everyone runs over to sign your cast, but if you tell people you're depressed, everyone runs the other way.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ef3 th\u1ecb, b\u1edfi v\u00ec th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng may, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ed1ng trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u00e0 n\u1ebfu ch\u1eb3ng may b\u1ea1n g\u00e3y tay, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd ch\u1ea1y l\u1ea1i quan t\u00e2m, Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n n\u00f3i v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n b\u1ecb tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd ch\u1ea1y theo h\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i.\n"}
{"en":"That's the stigma.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ef3 th\u1ecb.\n"}
{"en":"We are so, so, so accepting of any body part breaking down other than our brains.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y d\u1ec5 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng khi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb g\u00e3y Tr\u1eeb b\u1ed9 n\u00e3o ra.\n"}
{"en":"And that's ignorance.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft.\n"}
{"en":"That's pure ignorance, and that ignorance has created a world that does n't understand depression, that does n't understand mental health.\n","vi":"L\u00e0 s\u1ef1 u m\u00ea \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 u m\u00ea \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u g\u00ec v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m, kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u g\u00ec v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb t\u00e2m l\u00fd\n"}
{"en":"And that's ironic to me, because depression is one of the best documented problems we have in the world, yet it's one of the least discussed.\n","vi":"v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4i h\u00e0i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i, b\u1edfi v\u00ec tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u1ed5i c\u1ed9m ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi tuy nhi\u00ean n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn nh\u1ea5t.\n"}
{"en":"We just push it aside and put it in a corner and pretend it's not there and hope it'll fix itself.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3 qua m\u1ed9t b\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00e0o trong g\u00f3c v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3 v\u1edd n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 hy v\u1ecdng n\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t.\n"}
{"en":"It has n't, and it's not going to, because that's wishful thinking, and wishful thinking is n't a game plan, it's procrastination, and we ca n't procrastinate on something this important.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng v\u00e0 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 mong \u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 mong \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2u ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ch\u01a1i ph\u1ecfng \u0111o\u00e1n, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.\n"}
{"en":"The first step in solving any problem is recognizing there is one.\n","vi":"B\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0o l\u00e0 nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111ang \u1edf \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"Well, we have n't done that, so we ca n't really expect to find an answer when we're still afraid of the question.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u00e2u, v\u1eady n\u00ean ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 mong ch\u1edd t\u00ecm ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi khi m\u00ecnh v\u1eabn s\u1ee3 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi.\n"}
{"en":"And I do n't know what the solution is.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 t\u00f4i ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i l\u00e0 g\u00ec.\n"}
{"en":"I wish I did, but I do n't -- but I think, I think it has to start here.\n","vi":"Gi\u00e1 m\u00e0 t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng - - nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i ngh\u0129, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y, b\u00e2y gi\u1edd\n"}
{"en":"It has to start with me, it has to start with you, it has to start with the people who are suffering, the ones who are hidden in the shadows.\n","vi":"c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb t\u00f4i, t\u1eeb b\u1ea1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecdi kh\u1ed5 \u0111au, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ea5u m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i\n"}
{"en":"We need to speak up and shatter the silence.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1 tan s\u1ef1 im l\u1eb7ng.\n"}
{"en":"We need to be the ones who are brave for what we believe in, because if there's one thing that I've come to realize, if there's one thing that I see as the biggest problem, it's not in building a world where we eliminate the ignorance of others.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi can \u0111\u1ea3m cho nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00ecnh tin, b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn ra, n\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 t\u00f4i cho l\u00e0 to l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t, th\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u00ean m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u01a1i ch\u00fang ta lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111i s\u1ef1 u m\u00ea c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c,\n"}
{"en":"It's in building a world where we teach the acceptance of ourselves, where we're okay with who we are, because when we get honest, we see that we all struggle and we all suffer.\n","vi":"m\u00e0 l\u00e0 x\u00e2y n\u00ean m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y nhau c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn m\u00ecnh n\u01a1i ch\u00fang ta ok v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n, v\u00ec khi ch\u00fang ta tr\u1edf n\u00ean trung th\u1ef1c, ch\u00fang ta nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y ai c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecdi, ph\u1ea3i \u0111au kh\u1ed5.\n"}
{"en":"Whether it's with this, whether it's with something else, we all know what it is to hurt.\n","vi":"Ngay c\u1ea3 n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, hay l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c, ta \u0111\u1ec1u hi\u1ec3u \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn l\u00e0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.\n"}
{"en":"We all know what it is to have pain in our heart, and we all know how important it is to heal.\n","vi":"Ta \u0111\u1ec1u hi\u1ec3u \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn \u1edf trong l\u00f2ng ra sao, v\u00e0 ta \u0111\u1ec1u hi\u1ec3u c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh kh\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.\n"}
{"en":"But right now, depression is society's deep cut that we're content to put a Band - Aid over and pretend it's not there.\n","vi":"V\u1eady m\u00e0 ngay b\u00e2y gi\u1edd, tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ebft c\u1eaft s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u00e0 ta h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng che \u0111\u1eady b\u1eb1ng b\u0103ng y t\u1ebf r\u1ed3i v\u1edd nh\u01b0 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i.\n"}
{"en":"It is there, and you know what?\n","vi":"N\u00f3 \u1edf \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng?\n"}
{"en":"It's okay.\n","vi":"Kh\u00f4ng sao!\n"}
{"en":"Depression is okay.\n","vi":"Tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m c\u0169ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00f4i.\n"}
{"en":"If you're going through it, know that you're okay.\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang tr\u1ea3i qua n\u00f3, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00f4i.\n"}
{"en":"And know that you're sick, you're not weak, and it's an issue, not an identity, because when you get past the fear and the ridicule and the judgment and the stigma of others, you can see depression for what it really is, and that's just a part of life, just a part of life, and as much as I hate, as much as I hate some of the places, some of the parts of my life depression has dragged me down to, in a lot of ways I'm grateful for it.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 y\u1ebfu \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, \u0111\u00e2u ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u0103n t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh b\u1ea1n, b\u1edfi v\u00ec khi b\u1ea1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i, s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf nh\u1ea1o s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ef3 th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, ph\u1ea7n t\u00f4i gh\u00e9t nhi\u1ec1u l\u1eafm t\u00f4i gh\u00e9t cay gh\u00e9t \u0111\u1eafng m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ch\u1ed1n, m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 k\u00e9o t\u00f4i xu\u1ed1ng trong \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ebbo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft \u01a1n\n"}
{"en":"Because yeah, it's put me in the valleys, but only to show me there's peaks, and yeah it's dragged me through the dark but only to remind me there is light.\n","vi":"\u1eea th\u00ec n\u00f3 th\u1ea3 t\u00f4i \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u1ef1c s\u00e2u nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 cho t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec9nh cao, \u1eea th\u00ec n\u00f3 k\u00e9o t\u00f4i xu\u1ed1ng v\u1ef1c t\u1ed1i nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eafc cho t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng.\n"}
{"en":"My pain, more than anything in 19 years on this planet, has given me perspective, and my hurt, my hurt has forced me to have hope, have hope and to have faith, faith in myself, faith in others, faith that it can get better, that we can change this, that we can speak up and speak out and fight back against ignorance, fight back against intolerance, and more than anything, learn to love ourselves, learn to accept ourselves for who we are, the people we are, not the people the world wants us to be.\n","vi":"N\u1ed7i kh\u1ed5 \u0111au c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec trong 19 n\u0103m tr\u00ean h\u00e0nh tinh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 cho t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c, v\u00e0 n\u1ed7i \u0111au, n\u1ed7i \u0111au c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 bu\u1ed9c t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 hi v\u1ecdng, c\u00f3 hi v\u1ecdng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng tin, l\u00f2ng tin v\u00e0o ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh, l\u00f2ng tin \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, l\u00f2ng tin r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i ra v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 u m\u00ea th\u1edd \u01a1, \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng khoan dung, v\u00e0 h\u01a1n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9, h\u1ecdc y\u00eau l\u1ea5y b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh, h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ch\u00fang ta nh\u01b0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang l\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang l\u00e0, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi mu\u1ed1n ta tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh\n"}
{"en":"Because the world I believe in is one where embracing your light does n't mean ignoring your dark.\n","vi":"B\u1edfi v\u00ec th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u00f4i tin l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u1edd qu\u00ean \u0111i n\u01a1i t\u0103m t\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n\n"}
{"en":"The world I believe in is one where we're measured by our ability to overcome adversities, not avoid them.\n","vi":"Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u00f4i tin v\u00e0o l\u00e0 n\u01a1i m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111ong l\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1edfi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua th\u1eed th\u00e1ch, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ed1n ch\u1ea1y ch\u00fang.\n"}
{"en":"The world I believe in is one where I can look someone in the eye and say, \"I'm going through hell,\" and they can look back at me and go, \"Me too,\" and that's okay, and it's okay because depression is okay.\n","vi":"Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u00f4i tin l\u00e0 n\u01a1i t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ai \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng, \"T\u00f4i \u0111ang \u1edf trong \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c\" v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i h\u1ecd nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i t\u00f4i v\u00e0 n\u00f3i, \"T\u00f4i c\u0169ng v\u1eady th\u00f4i\" v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng sao, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng sao v\u00ec s\u1ef1 tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m l\u00e0 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00f4i.\n"}
{"en":"We're people, and we struggle and we suffer and we bleed and we cry, and if you think that true strength means never showing any weakness, then I'm here to tell you you're wrong.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta r\u1ec9 m\u00e1u v\u00e0 k\u00eau kh\u00f3c, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n ngh\u0129 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ed9 s\u1ef1 y\u1ebfu h\u00e8n th\u00ec t\u00f4i \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n r\u1eb1ng: B\u1ea1n sai r\u1ed3i!\n"}
{"en":"You're wrong, because it's the opposite.\n","vi":"B\u1ea1n sai r\u1ed3i, b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i.\n"}
{"en":"We're people, and we have problems.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.\n"}
{"en":"We're not perfect, and that's okay.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o, v\u00e0 v\u1eady th\u00ec c\u0169ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00f4i.\n"}
{"en":"So we need to stop the ignorance, stop the intolerance, stop the stigma, and stop the silence, and we need to take away the taboos, take a look at the truth, and start talking, because the only way we're going to beat a problem that people are battling alone is by standing strong together, by standing strong together.\n","vi":"V\u00ec v\u1eady ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean d\u1eebng ngay s\u1ef1 u m\u00ea n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i, d\u1eebng s\u1ef1 th\u1edd \u01a1, d\u1eebng s\u1ef1 k\u1ef3 th\u1ecb ch\u1ebf nh\u1ea1o, v\u00e0 d\u1eebng s\u1ef1 im l\u1eb7ng n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 ph\u00e1 b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea5m k\u1ef5, nh\u00ecn th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n, b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00e1ch duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00f9ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n nhau, c\u00f9ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n nhau.\n"}
{"en":"And I believe that we can.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i tin r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.\n"}
{"en":"I believe that we can.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i tin ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.\n"}
{"en":"Thank you guys so much.\n","vi":"C\u1ea3m \u01a1n m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u.\n"}
{"en":"This is a dream come true.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1 c\u00f3 th\u1eadt.\n"}
{"en":"So, this book that I have in my hand is a directory of everybody who had an email address in 1982. (Laughter) Actually, it's deceptively large.\n","vi":"Quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch t\u00f4i \u0111ang c\u1ea7m tr\u00ean tay l\u00e0 danh b\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 email v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1982 (ti\u1ebfng c\u01b0\u1eddi) Th\u1eadt ra, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 v\u1ebb l\u1edbn.\n"}
{"en":"There's actually only about 20 people on each page, because we have the name, address and telephone number of every single person.\n","vi":"th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a kho\u1ea3ng 20 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed7i trang b\u1edfi v\u00ec ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 t\u00ean, \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi.\n"}
{"en":"And, in fact, everybody's listed twice, because it's sorted once by name and once by email address.\n","vi":"V\u00e0, th\u1eadt ra, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn 2 l\u1ea7n b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n v\u1edbi t\u00ean v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 email.\n"}
{"en":"Obviously a very small community.\n","vi":"T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ecf.\n"}
{"en":"There were only two other Dannys on the Internet then.\n","vi":"Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 hai Dannys kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean Internet.\n"}
{"en":"I knew them both.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i bi\u1ebft c\u1ea3 hai.\n"}
{"en":"We did n't all know each other, but we all kind of trusted each other, and that basic feeling of trust permeated the whole network, and there was a real sense that we could depend on each other to do things.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn nhau, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta lu\u00f4n tin t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1eabn nhau, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c tin t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp kh\u1eafp m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tin c\u1eady l\u1eabn nhau trong nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c.\n"}
{"en":"So just to give you an idea of the level of trust in this community, let me tell you what it was like to register a domain name in the early days.\n","vi":"V\u00ec v\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f4i n\u00f3i cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00ed m\u1ed9t t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean.\n"}
{"en":"Now, it just so happened that I got to register the third domain name on the Internet.\n","vi":"B\u00e2y gi\u1edd, n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 x\u1ea3y ra khi t\u00f4i \u0111\u0103ng k\u00ed t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n th\u1ee9 ba tr\u00ean internet.\n"}
{"en":"So I could have anything I wanted other than bbn.com and symbolics.com.\n","vi":"V\u00ec v\u1eady t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n ngo\u00e0i bbn. com v\u00e0 symbolics. com.\n"}
{"en":"So I picked think.com, but then I thought, you know, there's a lot of really interesting names out there.\n","vi":"V\u00ec v\u1eady t\u00f4i ch\u1ecdn think. com, nh\u01b0ng sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ngh\u0129, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea5y, c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i t\u00ean th\u00fa v\u1ecb ngo\u00e0i kia.\n"}
{"en":"Maybe I should register a few extras just in case.\n","vi":"C\u00f3 l\u1ebd t\u00f4i n\u00ean \u0111\u0103ng k\u00ed th\u00eam m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i c\u00e1i t\u00ean d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng.\n"}
{"en":"And then I thought, \"Nah, that would n't be very nice.\"\n","vi":"V\u00e0 r\u1ed3i t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ngh\u0129 \"Kh\u00f4ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1t cho l\u1eafm.\"\n"}
{"en":"(Laughter) That attitude of only taking what you need was really what everybody had on the network in those days, and in fact, it was n't just the people on the network, but it was actually kind of built into the protocols of the Internet itself.\n","vi":"(ti\u1ebfng c\u01b0\u1eddi) V\u1edbi th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ec9 l\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 th\u1eadt ra, \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 th\u1eadt ra l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean nh\u1eefng nghi th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng Internet.\n"}
{"en":"So the basic idea of I.P., or Internet protocol, and the way that the -- the routing algorithm that used it, were fundamentally \"from each according to their ability, to each according to their need.\"\n","vi":"V\u00ec v\u1eady \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng ban \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 I. P., ho\u1eb7c Internet protocol, v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \"t\u1eeb kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.\"\n"}
{"en":"And so, if you had some extra bandwidth, you'd deliver a message for someone.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 r\u1ed3i, n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u00eam b\u0103ng th\u00e2u, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd g\u1eedi m\u1ed9t tin nh\u1eafn cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"If they had some extra bandwidth, they would deliver a message for you.\n","vi":"N\u1ec3u h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u00eam b\u0103ng th\u00e2u, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd g\u1eedi m\u1ed9t tin nh\u1eafn \u0111\u1ebfn cho b\u1ea1n\n"}
{"en":"You'd kind of depend on people to do that, and that was the building block.\n","vi":"B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.\n"}
{"en":"It was actually interesting that such a communist principle was the basis of a system developed during the Cold War by the Defense Department, but it obviously worked really well, and we all saw what happened with the Internet.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 r\u1ea5t th\u00fa v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ki\u1ec3u nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong th\u1eddi k\u00ec Chi\u1ebfn Tranh L\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c Ph\u00f2ng, nh\u01b0ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng n\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1ea5t l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edd Internet.\n"}
{"en":"It was incredibly successful.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.\n"}
{"en":"In fact, it was so successful that there's no way that these days you could make a book like this.\n","vi":"Th\u1eadt ra, n\u00f3 r\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o m\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"My rough calculation is it would be about 25 miles thick.\n","vi":"Theo t\u00ednh to\u00e1n s\u01a1 s\u01a1 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch d\u00e0y kho\u1ea3ng 25 miles.\n"}
{"en":"But, of course, you could n't do it, because we do n't know the names of all the people with Internet or email addresses, and even if we did know their names, I'm pretty sure that they would not want their name, address and telephone number published to everyone.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng, t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, b\u1edfi v\u00ec, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft t\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eb1ng Internet ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 email, v\u00e0 cho d\u00f9 ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft t\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, T\u00f4i kh\u00e1 l\u00e0 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n t\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi.\n"}
{"en":"So the fact is that there's a lot of bad guys on the Internet these days, and so we dealt with that by making walled communities, secure subnetworks, VPNs, little things that are n't really the Internet but are made out of the same building blocks, but we're still basically building it out of those same building blocks with those same assumptions of trust.\n","vi":"V\u00ec v\u1eady, s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt l\u00e0 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u1ea5u tr\u00ean Internet ng\u00e0y nay, v\u00e0 v\u00ec v\u1eady ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi ch\u00fang b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o, VPNs, nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 nh\u1ecf nh\u1eb7t kh\u00f4ng h\u1eb3n l\u00e0 Internet nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng nhau, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn c\u0103n b\u1ea3n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u00fang ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng nhau v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng.\n"}
{"en":"And that means that it's vulnerable to certain kinds of mistakes that can happen, or certain kinds of deliberate attacks, but even the mistakes can be bad.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i sai l\u1ea7m m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra, ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ki\u1ec3u t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh, nh\u01b0ng ngay c\u1ea3 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea5u.\n"}
{"en":"So, for instance, in all of Asia recently, it was impossible to get YouTube for a little while because Pakistan made some mistakes in how it was censoring YouTube in its internal network.\n","vi":"V\u00ec v\u1eady, v\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u1edf Asia g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 v\u00e0o Youtube trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn b\u1edfi v\u00ec Pakistan \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 sai l\u1ea7m v\u1ec1 l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o ki\u1ec3m duy\u1ec7t Youtube trong n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 m\u1ea1ng.\n"}
{"en":"They did n't intend to screw up Asia, but they did because of the way that the protocols work.\n","vi":"H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i Asia, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.\n"}
{"en":"Another example that may have affected many of you in this audience is, you may remember a couple of years ago, all the planes west of the Mississippi were grounded because a single routing card in Salt Lake City had a bug in it.\n","vi":"M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u th\u00ednh gi\u1ea3, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eabn nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng m\u00e1y bay ph\u00eda t\u00e2y c\u1ee7a Mississippi b\u1ecb m\u1eafc c\u1ea1n b\u1edfi v\u00ec m\u1ed7i t\u1ea5m th\u1ebb \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn \u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Salt Lake c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \"con b\u1ecd\" b\u00ean trong.\n"}
{"en":"Now, you do n't really think that our airplane system depends on the Internet, and in some sense it does n't.\n","vi":"B\u00e2y gi\u1edd, c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n h\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y bay ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o Internet, v\u00e0 theo c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng.\n"}
{"en":"I'll come back to that later.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i s\u1ebd tr\u1edf lai m\u1ed9t l\u00e1t n\u1eefa.\n"}
{"en":"But the fact is that people could n't take off because something was going wrong on the Internet, and the router card was down.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ea5t c\u00e1nh b\u1edfi v\u00ec m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 sai l\u1ea7m trong Internet, v\u00e0 t\u1ea5m th\u1ebb \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn \u0111ang xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p.\n"}
{"en":"And so, there are many of those things that start to happen.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 v\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u x\u1ea3y ra.\n"}
{"en":"Now, there was an interesting thing that happened last April.\n","vi":"B\u00e2y gi\u1edd, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u00fa v\u1ecb x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 4 v\u1eeba r\u1ed3i.\n"}
{"en":"All of a sudden, a very large percentage of the traffic on the whole Internet, including a lot of the traffic between U.S. military installations, started getting re-routed through China.\n","vi":"\u0110\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn trong giao th\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n Internet, bao g\u1ed3m r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n trong c\u0103n c\u1ee9 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 M\u1ef9 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn l\u1ea1i qua Trung Qu\u1ed1c.\n"}
{"en":"So for a few hours, it all passed through China.\n","vi":"V\u00ec v\u1eady trong v\u00f2ng m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i qua Trung Qu\u1ed1c.\n"}
{"en":"Now, China Telecom says it was just an honest mistake, and it is actually possible that it was, the way things work, but certainly somebody could make a dishonest mistake of that sort if they wanted to, and it shows you how vulnerable the system is even to mistakes.\n","vi":"B\u00e2y gi\u1edd, Vi\u1ec5n Th\u00f4ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c n\u00f3i \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t sai l\u1ea7m trung th\u1ef1c, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1eafc ch\u0103n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t sai l\u1ea7m kh\u00f4ng trung th\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i m\u00e0 h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 ra h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng ngay c\u1ea3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c sai l\u1ea7m.\n"}
{"en":"Imagine how vulnerable the system is to deliberate attacks.\n","vi":"H\u00e3y t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ecb c\u1ed1 \u00fd t\u1ea9n c\u00f4ng.\n"}
{"en":"So if somebody really wanted to attack the United States or Western civilization these days, they're not going to do it with tanks.\n","vi":"V\u00ec v\u1eady n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 hay n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u00e0y nay, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi xe t\u0103ng.\n"}
{"en":"That will not succeed.\n","vi":"B\u1edfi v\u00ec hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.\n"}
{"en":"What they'll probably do is something very much like the attack that happened on the Iranian nuclear facility.\n","vi":"Nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 r\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1ee5 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng x\u1ea3y ra t\u1ea1i c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Iran.\n"}
{"en":"Nobody has claimed credit for that.\n","vi":"Kh\u00f4ng ai nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3\n"}
{"en":"There was basically a factory of industrial machines.\n","vi":"V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o m\u00e1y m\u00f3c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p\n"}
{"en":"It did n't think of itself as being on the Internet.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf tr\u00ean Internet\n"}
{"en":"It thought of itself as being disconnected from the Internet, but it was possible for somebody to smuggle a USB drive in there, or something like that, and software got in there that causes the centrifuges, in that case, to actually destroy themselves.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Internet, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ai \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e9n \u0111\u01b0a th\u00f4ng tin ra in c\u00e1i USB hay c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0i v\u00e0o l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng m\u00e1y li t\u00e2m th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1 hu\u1ef7 ch\u00ednh ch\u00fang\n"}
{"en":"Now that same kind of software could destroy an oil refinery or a pharmaceutical factory or a semiconductor plant.\n","vi":"Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 hu\u1ef7 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y l\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m hay c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u00e1n d\u1eabn\n"}
{"en":"And so there's a lot of -- I'm sure you've read a lot in papers, about worries about cyberattacks and defenses against those.\n","vi":"v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa - T\u00f4i tin ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u0103n b\u1ea3n trong \u0111\u00f3 n\u00eau l\u00ean s\u1ef1 lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng v\u1ee5 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng qua m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng v\u1ee5 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng n\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"But the fact is, people are mostly focused on defending the computers on the Internet, and there's been surprisingly little attention to defending the Internet itself as a communications medium.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0, ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh khi \u1edf tr\u00ean Internet v\u00e0 th\u1eadt ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean r\u1eb1ng \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u00ednh Internet nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng.\n"}
{"en":"And I think we probably do need to pay some more attention to that, because it's actually kind of fragile.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 l\u1ebd c\u0169ng n\u00ean d\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m cho v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, b\u1edfi v\u00ec Internet th\u1ef1c ra kh\u00e1 m\u1ecfng manh\n"}
{"en":"So actually, in the early days, back when it was the ARPANET, there were actually times -- there was a particular time it failed completely because one single message processor actually got a bug in it.\n","vi":"V\u00ec th\u1ebf th\u1ef1c ra l\u00e0, trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, khi m\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 ARPANET \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecfng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd tin nh\u1eafn \u0111\u01a1n m\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \"con b\u1ecd\" trong \u0111\u00f3\n"}
{"en":"And the way the Internet works is the routers are basically exchanging information about how they can get messages to places, and this one processor, because of a broken card, decided it could actually get a message to some place in negative time.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 c\u00e1i c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 Internet l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn l\u00e0 n\u01a1i thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 trao \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eedi nh\u1eefng tin nh\u1eafn \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u00e0y, ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m th\u1ebb h\u1ecfng, \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c n\u00f3 g\u1eedi tin nh\u1eafn t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p\n"}
{"en":"So, in other words, it claimed it could deliver a message before you sent it.\n","vi":"Hay n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n \u0111i m\u1ed9t tin nh\u1eafn ngay c\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ea1n b\u1ea5m n\u00fat g\u1eedi \u0111i.\n"}
{"en":"So of course, the fastest way to get a message anywhere was to send it to this guy, who would send it back in time and get it there super early, so every message in the Internet started getting switched through this one node, and of course that clogged everything up.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1ch nhanh nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin nh\u1eafn t\u1eeb b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 g\u1eedi n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng g\u00e3 n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eedi cho b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00fang l\u00fac v\u00e0 g\u1eedi n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ef1c s\u1edbm, v\u00e0 v\u00ec v\u1eady m\u1ecdi tin nh\u1eafn tr\u00ean Internet \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u chuy\u1ec3n sang qua n\u00fat n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9.\n"}
{"en":"Everything started breaking.\n","vi":"M\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed5 v\u1ee1.\n"}
{"en":"The interesting thing was, though, that the sysadmins were able to fix it, but they had to basically turn every single thing on the Internet off.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u th\u00fa v\u1ecb l\u00e0 m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eeda n\u00f3, nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1eaft m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u1edf tr\u00ean Internet \u0111i\n"}
{"en":"Now, of course you could n't do that today.\n","vi":"Hi\u1ec7n nay th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ed3i.\n"}
{"en":"I mean, everything off, it's like the service call you get from the cable company, except for the whole world.\n","vi":"\u00dd t\u00f4i l\u00e0, m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1eaft, n\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cu\u1ed9c g\u1ecdi t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng ty truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh c\u00e1p, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ai kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.\n"}
{"en":"Now, in fact, they could n't do it for a lot of reasons today.\n","vi":"Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u l\u00fd do.\n"}
{"en":"One of the reasons is a lot of their telephones use IP protocol and use things like Skype and so on that go through the Internet right now, and so in fact we're becoming dependent on it for more and more different things, like when you take off from LAX, you're really not thinking you're using the Internet.\n","vi":"M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng giao th\u1ee9c IP v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 Skype, v\u00e2n v\u00e2n,... th\u00f4ng qua Internet b\u00e2y gi\u1edd v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ra th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o Internet \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa, nh\u01b0 khi b\u1ea1n c\u1ea5t c\u00e1nh t\u1eeb s\u00e2n bay Los Angeles b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Internet.\n"}
{"en":"When you pump gas, you really do n't think you're using the Internet.\n","vi":"Khi b\u1ea1n b\u01a1m ga, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Internet.\n"}
{"en":"What's happening increasingly, though, is these systems are beginning to use the Internet.\n","vi":"Th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng di\u1ec5n ra nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Internet.\n"}
{"en":"Most of them are n't based on the Internet yet, but they're starting to use the Internet for service functions, for administrative functions, and so if you take something like the cell phone system, which is still relatively independent of the Internet for the most part, Internet pieces are beginning to sneak into it in terms of some of the control and administrative functions, and it's so tempting to use these same building blocks because they work so well, they're cheap, they're repeated, and so on.\n","vi":"Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ch\u00fang th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean Internet nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang \u0111ang b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Internet cho c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, cho ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i c\u1ea7m tay ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o Internet trong ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n, T\u1eebng m\u1ea3nh nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a Internet \u0111ang d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n len l\u1ecfi x\u00e2m chi\u1ebfm v\u00e0o b\u00ean trong n\u00f3 trong ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb, v\u00e0 th\u1eadt h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho nh\u1eefng to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t nhau b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c th\u1eadt t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i r\u1ebb n\u1eefa, n\u00f3 c\u1ee9 l\u1eafp \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.\n"}
{"en":"So all of our systems, more and more, are starting to use the same technology and starting to depend on this technology.\n","vi":"V\u00ec th\u1ebf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u, \u0111ang b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 gi\u1ed1ng nhau v\u00e0 b\u1eaft d\u1ea7u d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"And so even a modern rocket ship these days actually uses Internet protocol to talk from one end of the rocket ship to the other.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ng\u00e0y nay th\u1ef1c ra c\u0169ng d\u00f9ng Internet protocol \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n t\u1eeb ph\u1ea7n \u0111u\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean con t\u00e0u.\n"}
{"en":"That's crazy.\n","vi":"Th\u1eadt \u0111i\u00ean r\u1ed3.\n"}
{"en":"It was never designed to do things like that.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.\n"}
{"en":"So we've built this system where we understand all the parts of it, but we're using it in a very, very different way than we expected to use it, and it's gotten a very, very different scale than it was designed for.\n","vi":"V\u1eady l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y n\u01a1i m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 theo r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 ng\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u1edf nh\u1eefng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.\n"}
{"en":"And in fact, nobody really exactly understands all the things it's being used for right now.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t ai th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 \u0111ang \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Internet trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.\n"}
{"en":"It's turning into one of these big emergent systems like the financial system, where we've designed all the parts but nobody really exactly understands how it operates and all the little details of it and what kinds of emergent behaviors it can have.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 \u0111ang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1edbn gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c ra l\u1ea1i ch\u1ea3 ai hi\u1ec3u ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1ch n\u00f3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 t\u1eebng chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i c\u00e1ch ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"And so if you hear an expert talking about the Internet and saying it can do this, or it does do this, or it will do that, you should treat it with the same skepticism that you might treat the comments of an economist about the economy or a weatherman about the weather, or something like that.\n","vi":"V\u1eady n\u00ean n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n nghe m\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean gia n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 internet v\u00e0 \u00f4ng ta n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0y, n\u00f3 \u0111ang l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0y hay n\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean gi\u1eef th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u00e0i nghi c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady nh\u01b0 khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi b\u00ecnh ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf hay nh\u01b0 khi b\u1ea1n nghe nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft v\u1eady.\n"}
{"en":"They have an informed opinion, but it's changing so quickly that even the experts do n't know exactly what's going on.\n","vi":"H\u1ecd tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y m\u1ed9t quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang h\u1ecd, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhanh ngay k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng chuy\u00ean gia kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o bi\u1ebft ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra n\u1eefa.\n"}
{"en":"So if you see one of these maps of the Internet, it's just somebody's guess.\n","vi":"V\u1eady n\u00ean n\u1ebfu m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 \u1edf tr\u00ean Internet, n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ee7a ai \u0111\u00f3 th\u00f4i.\n"}
{"en":"Nobody really knows what the Internet is right now because it's different than it was an hour ago.\n","vi":"Kh\u00f4ng ai th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebft Internet hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 g\u00ec c\u1ea3 b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n so v\u1edbi 1 gi\u1edd tr\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed3i.\n"}
{"en":"It's constantly changing.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i.\n"}
{"en":"And the problem with it is, I think we are setting ourselves up for a kind of disaster like the disaster we had in the financial system, where we take a system that's basically built on trust, was basically built for a smaller - scale system, and we've kind of expanded it way beyond the limits of how it was meant to operate.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi n\u00f3 t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh g\u1eafn v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng nh\u01b0 cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ni\u1ec1m tin, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1ng cho m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n m\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ra khi n\u00f3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.\n"}
{"en":"And so right now, I think it's literally true that we do n't know what the consequences of an effective denial - of - service attack on the Internet would be, and whatever it would be is going to be worse next year, and worse next year, and so on.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 v\u00ec v\u1eady ngay b\u00e2y gi\u1edd, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00fang theo ngh\u0129a \u0111en l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 khi m\u1ed9t m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \"denial - of - servive\" c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 (g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn th\u00f4ng tin h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t) tr\u00ean Internet th\u00ec s\u1ebd th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec t\u1ed1i t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n n\u1eefa c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0o n\u0103m t\u1edbi, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed9i t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n n\u1eefa v\u00e0o n\u0103m ti\u1ebfp theo,...\n"}
{"en":"But so what we need is a plan B.\n","vi":"C\u00e1i ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n b\u00e2y h `l\u00e0 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng\n"}
{"en":"There is no plan B right now.\n","vi":"Hi\u1ec7n nay kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng n\u00e0o c\u1ea3.\n"}
{"en":"There's no clear backup system that we've very carefully kept to be independent of the Internet, made out of completely different sets of building blocks.\n","vi":"Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng n\u00e0o m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang g\u00ecn gi\u1eef c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp kh\u1ecfi Internet, t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 kh\u00e1c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n.\n"}
{"en":"So what we need is something that does n't necessarily have to have the performance of the Internet, but the police department has to be able to call up the fire department even without the Internet, or the hospitals have to order fuel oil.\n","vi":"V\u1eady n\u00ean c\u00e1i ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00f4 ra \u1edf tr\u00ean Internet, nh\u01b0ng m\u00e0 s\u1edf c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u1ecdi cho \u0111\u1ed9i ph\u00f2ng ch\u00e1y ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y ngay c\u1ea3 khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Internet, hay l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i g\u1ecdi th\u00eam x\u0103ng.\n"}
{"en":"This does n't need to be a multi-billion - dollar government project.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n h\u00e0ng t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7.\n"}
{"en":"It's actually relatively simple to do, technically, because it can use existing fibers that are in the ground, existing wireless infrastructure.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 th\u1ef1c ra r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, b\u1edfi v\u00ec ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n \u1edf trong l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t, hay c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng wireless.\n"}
{"en":"It's basically a matter of deciding to do it.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 th\u1ef1c ra ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0m.\n"}
{"en":"But people wo n't decide to do it until they recognize the need for it, and that's the problem that we have right now.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0m n\u00f3 cho t\u1edbi khi h\u1ecd nh\u1eadn ra l\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n n\u00f3, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang c\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"So there's been plenty of people, plenty of us have been quietly arguing that we should have this independent system for years, but it's very hard to get people focused on plan B when plan A seems to be working so well.\n","vi":"V\u00ec v\u1eady \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nhi\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1ea5m ng\u1ea7m tranh lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp cho nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng khi m\u00e0 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch A c\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u01b0 v\u1eabn \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t.\n"}
{"en":"So I think that, if people understand how much we're starting to depend on the Internet, and how vulnerable it is, we could get focused on just wanting this other system to exist, and I think if enough people say, \"Yeah, I would like to use it, I'd like to have such a system,\" then it will get built.\n","vi":"V\u00ec v\u1eady t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng, n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o Internet nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 d\u1ec3 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c mu\u1ed1n nh\u01b0ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i, \"\u0110\u00fang, t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3, T\u00f4i r\u1ea5t mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf,\" th\u00ec n\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra.\n"}
{"en":"It's not that hard a problem.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n\n"}
{"en":"It could definitely be done by people in this room.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf trong ph\u00f2ng n\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"And so I think that this is actually, of all the problems you're going to hear about at the conference, this is probably one of the very easiest to fix.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 v\u00ec v\u1eady t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang d\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe v\u1ec1 bu\u1ed5i d\u00e0m lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 d\u1ec5 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa\n"}
{"en":"So I'm happy to get a chance to tell you about it.\n","vi":"V\u00ec v\u1eady t\u00f4i r\u1ea5t vui khi c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ec1 v\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y\n"}
{"en":"I had brain surgery 18 years ago, and since that time, brain science has become a personal passion of mine.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i l\u00e0m ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt n\u00e3o 18 n\u0103m v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, khoa h\u1ecdc n\u00e3o b\u1ed9 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ni\u1ec1m \u0111am m\u00ea c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i.\n"}
{"en":"I'm actually an engineer.\n","vi":"Th\u1ef1c ra, t\u00f4i l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0\n"}
{"en":"And first let me say, I recently joined Google's Moonshot group, where I had a division, the display division in Google X, and the brain science work I'm speaking about today is work I did before I joined Google and on the side outside of Google.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i v\u1eeba m\u1edbi gia nh\u1eadp nh\u00f3m Google Moonshot n\u01a1i t\u00f4i c\u00f3 1 \u0111\u1ed9i ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb tr\u00ean Google X, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y h\u00f4m nay c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 n\u00e3o b\u1ed9 m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tham gia Google.\n"}
{"en":"So that said, there's a stigma when you have brain surgery.\n","vi":"C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng nghi v\u1ea5n xoay quanh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt n\u00e3o.\n"}
{"en":"Are you still smart or not?\n","vi":"B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 c\u00f2n th\u00f4ng minh n\u1eefa kh\u00f4ng?\n"}
{"en":"And if not, can you make yourself smart again?\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, li\u1ec7u b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 minh m\u1eabn tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i?\n"}
{"en":"After my neurosurgery, part of my brain was missing, and I had to deal with that.\n","vi":"Sau khi ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt th\u1ea7n kinh, t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi chuy\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n n\u00e3o b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh b\u1ecb c\u1eaft b\u1ecf\n"}
{"en":"It was n't the grey matter, but it was the gooey part dead center that makes key hormones and neurotransmitters.\n","vi":"Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t x\u00e1m m\u00e0 l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ea5t nh\u1eddn \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng hormone ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t d\u1eabn truy\u1ec1n th\u1ea7n kinh\n"}
{"en":"Immediately after my surgery, I had to decide what amounts of each of over a dozen powerful chemicals to take each day, because if I just took nothing, I would die within hours.\n","vi":"Ngay sau cu\u1ed9c ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt, t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y, v\u1edbi li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng do t\u00f4i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng u\u1ed1ng thu\u1ed1c, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd ch\u1ebft trong v\u00f2ng v\u00e0i gi\u1edd,\n"}
{"en":"There have been several close calls.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 c\u0169ng m\u1ea5y l\u1ea7n su\u00fdt ch\u1ebft,\n"}
{"en":"But luckily, I'm an experimentalist at heart, so I decided I would experiment to try to find more optimal dosages because there really is n't a clear road map on this that's detailed.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng may thay, v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 k\u1ebb th\u00edch th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m t\u00f4i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1i \u01b0u nh\u1ea5t b\u1edfi v\u00ec ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft n\u00e0o cho vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y c\u1ea3.\n"}
{"en":"I began to try different mixtures, and I was blown away by how tiny changes in dosages dramatically changed my sense of self, my sense of who I was, my thinking, my behavior towards people.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eed pha tr\u1ed9n kh\u00e1c \u0111i v\u00e0 th\u1eadt kinh ng\u1ea1c ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1ecf v\u1ec1 li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i gh\u00ea g\u1edbm c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n, c\u00e1ch suy ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch c\u01b0 x\u1eed v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c.\n"}
{"en":"One particularly dramatic case: for a couple months I actually tried dosages and chemicals typical of a man in his early 20s, and I was blown away by how my thoughts changed.\n","vi":"M\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0: Trong v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eed li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh d\u00e0nh cho m\u1ed9t thanh ni\u00ean ch\u1eebng 20 tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 t\u00f4i s\u1eedng s\u1ed1t tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.\n"}
{"en":"(Laughter) I was angry all the time, I thought about sex constantly, and I thought I was the smartest person in the entire world, and - (Laughter) - of course over the years I'd met guys kind of like that, or maybe kind of toned - down versions of that.\n","vi":"(C\u01b0\u1eddi) L\u00fac n\u00e0o t\u00f4i c\u0169ng t\u1ee9c gi\u1eadn, th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 sex, v\u00e0 ngh\u0129 m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f4ng m\u00ecnh nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 - (C\u01b0\u1eddi) - \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean, trong \u0111\u1eddi, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, hay c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ee1 h\u01a1n.\n"}
{"en":"I was kind of extreme.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i th\u00ec thu\u1ed9c d\u1ea1ng qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c.\n"}
{"en":"But to me, the surprise was, I was n't trying to be arrogant.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u1ed1 t\u1ecf ra ki\u00eau ng\u1ea1o.\n"}
{"en":"I was actually trying, with a little bit of insecurity, to actually fix a problem in front of me, and it just did n't come out that way.\n","vi":"thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u00edt t\u1ef1 ti, \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ngay tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft, d\u00f9 r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 \u00fd mu\u1ed1n.\n"}
{"en":"So I could n't handle it.\n","vi":"Th\u1ebf n\u00ean, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.\n"}
{"en":"I changed my dosages.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed5i li\u1ec1u.\n"}
{"en":"But that experience, I think, gave me a new appreciation for men and what they might walk through, and I've gotten along with men a lot better since then.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00fap t\u00f4i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y qu\u00fd tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua, v\u00e0 th\u00e2n v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng h\u01a1n k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"What I was trying to do with tuning these hormones and neurotransmitters and so forth was to try to get my intelligence back after my illness and surgery, my creative thought, my idea flow.\n","vi":"M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i khi \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh hormone v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t d\u1eabn truy\u1ec1n th\u1ea7n kinh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u1ed1 l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 minh m\u1eabn sau b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt v\u00e0 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt, nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, suy t\u01b0\u1edfng.\n"}
{"en":"And I think mostly in images, and so for me that became a key metric -- how to get these mental images that I use as a way of rapid prototyping, if you will, my ideas, trying on different new ideas for size, playing out scenarios.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i suy ngh\u0129 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn b\u1eb1ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh n\u00ean v\u1edbi t\u00f4i \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu - - l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh trong t\u00e2m tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng kh\u1edfi ph\u00e1t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng, \u00dd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1edbi \u0111a chi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh dung c\u1ea3nh hu\u1ed1ng.\n"}
{"en":"This kind of thinking is n't new.\n","vi":"Ki\u1ec3u t\u01b0 duy n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng m\u1edbi.\n"}
{"en":"Philiosophers like Hume and Descartes and Hobbes saw things similarly.\n","vi":"Nh\u1eefng tri\u1ebft gia nh\u01b0 Hume, Descartes hay Hobbes c\u0169ng h\u00ecnh dung t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1.\n"}
{"en":"They thought that mental images and ideas were actually the same thing.\n","vi":"H\u1ecd ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh trong t\u00e2m tr\u00ed v\u00e0 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ef1c ra gi\u1ed1ng nhau.\n"}
{"en":"There are those today that dispute that, and lots of debates about how the mind works, but for me it's simple: Mental images, for most of us, are central in inventive and creative thinking.\n","vi":"Ng\u00e0y nay, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta tranh c\u00e3i v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m tr\u00ed, nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi t\u00f4i, \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0: H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh trong t\u00e2m tr\u00ed, l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a suy ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o.\n"}
{"en":"So after several years, I tuned myself up and I have lots of great, really vivid mental images with a lot of sophistication and the analytical backbone behind them.\n","vi":"Sau nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh dung trong t\u00e2m tr\u00ed tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi v\u00e0 tinh t\u1ebf d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf ph\u00e2n t\u00edch.\n"}
{"en":"And so now I'm working on, how can I get these mental images in my mind out to my computer screen faster?\n","vi":"Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y, t\u00f4i \u0111ang nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh dung trong t\u00e2m tr\u00ed n\u00e0y tr\u00ean m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh vi t\u00ednh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh h\u01a1n.\n"}
{"en":"Can you imagine, if you will, a movie director being able to use her imagination alone to direct the world in front of her?\n","vi":"C\u00e1c b\u1ea1n h\u00ecnh dung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n phim c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng tr\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft?\n"}
{"en":"Or a musician to get the music out of his head?\n","vi":"Ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng n\u1ed1t nh\u1ea1c ra kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00ecnh?\n"}
{"en":"There are incredible possibilities with this as a way for creative people to share at light speed.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch cho ph\u00e9p nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o nhanh ch\u00f3ng chia s\u1ebb \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.\n"}
{"en":"And the truth is, the remaining bottleneck in being able to do this is just upping the resolution of brain scan systems.\n","vi":"S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt l\u00e0, ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c ho\u00e1 n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng scan n\u00e3o.\n"}
{"en":"So let me show you why I think we're pretty close to getting there by sharing with you two recent experiments from two top neuroscience groups.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u00ec sao \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 thi qua hai th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi hai nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc th\u1ea7n kinh h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u\n"}
{"en":"Both used fMRI technology -- functional magnetic resonance imaging technology -- to image the brain, and here is a brain scan set from Giorgio Ganis and his colleagues at Harvard.\n","vi":"C\u1ea3 hai d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 fMRI \"ch\u1ee5p c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng\" \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee5p n\u00e3o, \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n scan n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a Giogio Ganis v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i Harvard.\n"}
{"en":"And the left - hand column shows a brain scan of a person looking at an image.\n","vi":"C\u1ed9t tr\u00e1i bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n scan n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang xem \u1ea3nh.\n"}
{"en":"The middle column shows the brainscan of that same individual imagining, seeing that same image.\n","vi":"C\u1ed9t gi\u1eefa bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb b\u1ea3n scan n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 khi h\u00ecnh dung ch\u00ednh b\u1ee9c h\u00ecnh v\u1eeba xem.\n"}
{"en":"And the right column was created by subtracting the middle column from the left column, showing the difference to be nearly zero.\n","vi":"C\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1ed3ng c\u1ed9t gi\u1eefa v\u00e0o c\u1ed9t tr\u00e1i v\u00e0 c\u1eaft \u0111i nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n th\u1eeba v\u00e0 cho th\u1ea5y ph\u1ea7n th\u1eeba g\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng 0.\n"}
{"en":"This was repeated on lots of different individuals with lots of different images, always with a similar result.\n","vi":"Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh kh\u00e1c nhau, thu v\u1ec1 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3.\n"}
{"en":"The difference between seeing an image and imagining seeing that same image is next to nothing.\n","vi":"G\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111ang nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o ch\u00ednh b\u1ee9c h\u00ecnh \u1ea5y\n"}
{"en":"Next let me share with you one other experiment, this from Jack Gallant's lab at Cal Berkeley.\n","vi":"Ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1c, t\u1eeb ph\u00f2ng lab Jack Gallant t\u1ea1i Berkeley, California.\n"}
{"en":"They've been able to decode brainwaves into recognizable visual fields.\n","vi":"H\u1ecd gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 s\u00f3ng n\u00e3o th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.\n"}
{"en":"In this experiment, individuals were shown hundreds of hours of YouTube videos while scans were made of their brains to create a large library of their brain reacting to video sequences.\n","vi":"Trong th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y, m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho xem h\u00e0ng gi\u1edd video tr\u00ean Youtube v\u00e0 n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c scan \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00e3o tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed7i di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn trong video.\n"}
{"en":"Then a new movie was shown with new images, new people, new animals in it, and a new scan set was recorded.\n","vi":"Khi m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 phim m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfu v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh m\u1edbi, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi, \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt m\u1edbi, m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n scan m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu l\u1ea1i.\n"}
{"en":"The computer, using brain scan data alone, decoded that new brain scan to show what it thought the individual was actually seeing.\n","vi":"M\u00e1y vi t\u00ednh, ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb b\u1ea3n scan n\u00e3o, \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 b\u1ea3n scan n\u00e3o m\u1edbi \u0111o\u00e1n xem h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh th\u1ef1c m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 xem l\u00e0 g\u00ec.\n"}
{"en":"On the right - hand side, you see the computer's guess, and on the left - hand side, the presented clip.\n","vi":"\u1ede b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ph\u00e1n \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u1edf b\u00ean tr\u00e1i l\u00e0 clip \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem.\n"}
{"en":"This is the jaw - dropper.\n","vi":"Ph\u1ea3i h\u00e1 h\u1ed1c mi\u1ec7ng kinh ng\u1ea1c!\n"}
{"en":"We are so close to being able to do this.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta s\u1eafp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"We just need to up the resolution.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i l\u00ean n\u1eefa th\u00f4i.\n"}
{"en":"And now remember that when you see an image versus when you imagine that same image, it creates the same brain scan.\n","vi":"Xin nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c nh\u00ecn m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ra ch\u00ednh h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u00f3 cho ra nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n scan n\u00e3o gi\u1ed1ng nhau.\n"}
{"en":"So this was done with the highest - resolution brain scan systems available today, and their resolution has increased really about a thousandfold in the last several years.\n","vi":"Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i cao nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng scan n\u00e3o hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i \u0111ang t\u0103ng l\u00ean g\u1ea5p h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n l\u1ea7n trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y.\n"}
{"en":"Next we need to increase the resolution another thousandfold to get a deeper glimpse.\n","vi":"C\u1ea7n t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i l\u00ean g\u1ea5p h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"How do we do that?\n","vi":"L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n?\n"}
{"en":"One way is to crack open your skull and put in electrodes.\n","vi":"M\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t c\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0o h\u1ed9p s\u1ecd\n"}
{"en":"I'm not for that.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"There's a lot of new imaging techniques being proposed, some even by me, but given the recent success of MRI, first we need to ask the question, is it the end of the road with this technology?\n","vi":"C\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i Nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a MRI th\u1eddi gian g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean, ta ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: li\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng?\n"}
{"en":"Conventional wisdom says the only way to get higher resolution is with bigger magnets, but at this point bigger magnets only offer incremental resolution improvements, not the thousandfold we need.\n","vi":"Suy ngh\u0129 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra nam ch\u00e2m to h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt l\u00e0 nam ch\u00e2m l\u1edbn h\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i l\u00ean h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n l\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta mong mu\u1ed1n.\n"}
{"en":"I'm putting forward an idea: instead of bigger magnets, let's make better magnets.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng: thay v\u00ec l\u00e0m nam ch\u00e2m to h\u01a1n, h\u00e3y l\u00e0m ra nam ch\u00e2m t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.\n"}
{"en":"There's some new technology breakthroughs in nanoscience when applied to magnetic structures that have created a whole new class of magnets, and with these magnets, we can lay down very fine detailed magnetic field patterns throughout the brain, and using those, we can actually create holographic - like interference structures to get precision control over many patterns, as is shown here by shifting things.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 trong khoa h\u1ecdc nano \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1eeb t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 nam ch\u00e2m m\u1edbi cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang ta th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng tinh x\u1ea3o kh\u1eafp trong n\u00e3o b\u1ed9 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac giao thoa t\u1ef1a ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh to\u00e0n k\u00ed (holographic - like interference structures) \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y th\u00f4ng qua bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i.\n"}
{"en":"We can create much more complicated structures with slightly different arrangements, kind of like making Spirograph.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eadp nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp h\u01a1i kh\u00e1c \u0111i nh\u01b0 ki\u1ec3u Spirograph.\n"}
{"en":"So why does that matter?\n","vi":"T\u1ea1i sao \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i quan tr\u1ecdng?\n"}
{"en":"A lot of effort in MRI over the years has gone into making really big, really huge magnets, right?\n","vi":"Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c trong MRI \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1eadp trung l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng nam ch\u00e2m th\u1eadt to, th\u1eadt l\u1edbn\n"}
{"en":"But yet most of the recent advances in resolution have actually come from ingeniously clever encoding and decoding solutions in the F.M. radio frequency transmitters and receivers in the MRI systems.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u00f4ng minh trong m\u00e3 ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 trong d\u1eabn truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 s\u00f3ng FM v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng MRI.\n"}
{"en":"Let's also, instead of a uniform magnetic field, put down structured magnetic patterns in addition to the F.M. radio frequencies.\n","vi":"C\u0169ng v\u1eady, thay v\u00ec t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9, h\u00e3y t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u1eeb c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u1ed5 sung cho t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 FM.\n"}
{"en":"So by combining the magnetics patterns with the patterns in the F.M. radio frequencies processing which can massively increase the information that we can extract in a single scan.\n","vi":"B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nh\u1eefng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh mang t\u1eeb t\u00ednh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh trong t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 radio FM qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00fac k\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 qua m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n scan.\n"}
{"en":"And on top of that, we can then layer our ever - growing knowledge of brain structure and memory to create a thousandfold increase that we need.\n","vi":"Ngo\u00e0i ra, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e3o v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 g\u1ea5p ng\u00e0n l\u1ea7n.\n"}
{"en":"And using fMRI, we should be able to measure not just oxygenated blood flow, but the hormones and neurotransmitters I've talked about and maybe even the direct neural activity, which is the dream.\n","vi":"Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng fMRI, ta ph\u1ea3i \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u00f2ng m\u00e1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ecdc m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng hormone v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t d\u1eabn truy\u1ec1n th\u1ea7n kinh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1ebd c\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ea7n kinh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ng\u1ee7 m\u01a1.\n"}
{"en":"We're going to be able to dump our ideas directly to digital media.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 s\u1ed1.\n"}
{"en":"Could you imagine if we could leapfrog language and communicate directly with human thought?\n","vi":"T\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7c ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u01a1i \u0111\u00f9a v\u1edbi ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef giao ti\u1ebfp tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi \u00fd ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi?\n"}
{"en":"What would we be capable of then?\n","vi":"Khi \u0111\u00f3 ta s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec?\n"}
{"en":"And how will we learn to deal with the truths of unfiltered human thought?\n","vi":"Ta s\u1ebd h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd nh\u1eefng suy ngh\u0129 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?\n"}
{"en":"You think the Internet was big.\n","vi":"B\u1ea1n cho r\u1eb1ng Internet l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn.\n"}
{"en":"These are huge questions.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi l\u1edbn.\n"}
{"en":"It might be irresistible as a tool to amplify our thinking and communication skills.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng t\u01b0 duy v\u00e0 giao ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta\n"}
{"en":"And indeed, this very same tool may prove to lead to the cure for Alzheimer's and similar diseases.\n","vi":"Th\u1ef1c ra, ch\u00ednh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap t\u00ecm ra thu\u1ed1c ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb cho b\u1ec7nh Alzheimer 's v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1.\n"}
{"en":"We have little option but to open this door.\n","vi":"Ta c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t \u00edt l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda n\u00e0y\n"}
{"en":"Regardless, pick a year -- will it happen in five years or 15 years?\n","vi":"li\u1ec7u n\u00f3 s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra trong v\u00f2ng 5 hay 15 n\u0103m n\u1eefa?\n"}
{"en":"It's hard to imagine it taking much longer.\n","vi":"Ch\u1eafc s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t l\u00e2u h\u01a1n th\u1ebf.\n"}
{"en":"We need to learn how to take this step together.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng nhau ti\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc.\n"}
{"en":"It was less than a year after September 11, and I was at the Chicago Tribune writing about shootings and murders, and it was leaving me feeling pretty dark and depressed.\n","vi":"Ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y m\u1ed9t n\u0103m sau ng\u00e0y 11 th\u00e1ng Ch\u00edn, t\u00f4i vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 n\u1ed5 s\u00fang v\u00e0 gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi, cho t\u1edd Chicago Tribune c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i cho t\u00f4i c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u0111en t\u1ed1i v\u00e0 tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m.\n"}
{"en":"I had done some activism in college, so I decided to help a local group hang door knockers against animal testing.\n","vi":"T\u1eebng tham gia ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i th\u1eddi \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, t\u00f4i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt.\n"}
{"en":"I thought it would be a safe way to do something positive, but of course I have the absolute worst luck ever, and we were all arrested.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a, kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edd r\u1ea5t xui x\u1ebbo, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb b\u1eaft.\n"}
{"en":"Police took this blurry photo of me holding leaflets as evidence.\n","vi":"C\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t ch\u1ee5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5m \u1ea3nh m\u1edd n\u00e0y l\u00fac t\u00f4i \u0111ang c\u1ea7m t\u1edd r\u01a1i, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng.\n"}
{"en":"My charges were dismissed, but a few weeks later, two FBI agents knocked on my door, and they told me that unless I helped them by spying on protest groups, they would put me on a domestic terrorist list.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u1ec5n t\u1ed1, nh\u01b0ng v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n sau hai nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean FBI t\u1edbi g\u00f5 c\u1eeda nh\u00e0, h\u1ecd b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0m do th\u00e1m trong nh\u00f3m ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a t\u00f4i v\u00e0o danh s\u00e1ch nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1.\n"}
{"en":"I'd love to tell you that I did n't flinch, but I was terrified, and when my fear subsided, I became obsessed with finding out how this happened, how animal rights and environmental activists who have never injured anyone could become the FBI's number one domestic terrorism threat.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00f9n b\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0ng b\u00e0ng ho\u00e0ng, v\u00e0 khi \u0111\u00e3 b\u1edbt s\u1ee3, t\u00f4i quy\u1ebft t\u00ecm cho ra nh\u1ebd t\u1ea1i sao ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng ai l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i \u0111e do\u1ea1 kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1 s\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t m\u00e0 FBI lo ng\u1ea1i.\n"}
{"en":"A few years later, I was invited to testify before Congress about my reporting, and I told lawmakers that, while everybody is talking about going green, some people are risking their lives to defend forests and to stop oil pipelines.\n","vi":"V\u00e0i n\u0103m sau, t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i v\u1ec1 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, t\u00f4i n\u00f3i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn nguy hi\u1ec3m t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 r\u1eebng, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u1eb7t \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn d\u1ea7u.\n"}
{"en":"They're physically putting their bodies on the line between the whalers' harpoons and the whales.\n","vi":"Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, h\u1ecd l\u1ea5y th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb7t gi\u1eefa con c\u00e1 voi v\u00e0 ng\u1ecdn lao m\u00f3c.\n"}
{"en":"These are everyday people, like these protesters in Italy who spontaneously climbed over barbed wire fences to rescue beagles from animal testing.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1ea1i \u00dd n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00e8o l\u00ean h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o th\u00e9p gai \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u nh\u1eefng con ch\u00f3 kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u00e0m th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m.\n"}
{"en":"And these movements have been incredibly effective and popular, so in 1985, their opponents made up a new word, eco-terrorist, to shift how we view them.\n","vi":"Phong tr\u00e0o n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9, n\u00ean v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1985, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i ngh\u1ecbch g\u1ecdi h\u1ecd l\u00e0 k\u1ebb kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, h\u00f2ng xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c.\n"}
{"en":"They just made it up.\n","vi":"Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ty n\u00e0y v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng cho \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt m\u1edbi.\n"}
{"en":"Now these companies have backed new laws like the Animal Enterprise Terrorism Act, which turns activism into terrorism if it causes a loss of profits.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt Ch\u1ed1ng Kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1 Doanh nghi\u1ec7p li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn Lo\u00e0i v\u1eadt coi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1 v\u00ec ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd g\u00e2y l\u1ed7 cho c\u00f4ng ty.\n"}
{"en":"Now most people never even heard about this law, including members of Congress.\n","vi":"h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd nghe th\u1ea5y lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ngh\u1ecb s\u1ef9 Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i.\n"}
{"en":"Less than one percent were in the room when it passed the House.\n","vi":"Ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn 1% ngh\u1ecb s\u1ef9 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong ph\u00f2ng khi Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt.\n"}
{"en":"The rest were outside at a new memorial.\n","vi":"Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111ang kh\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e0i k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m m\u1edbi.\n"}
{"en":"They were praising Dr. King as his style of activism was branded as terrorism if done in the name of animals or the environment.\n","vi":"Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta khen ng\u1ee3i Dr. King nh\u01b0ng tinh th\u1ea7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1 n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00eanh v\u1ef1c nh\u1eefng con v\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.\n"}
{"en":"Supporters say laws like this are needed for the extremists: the vandals, the arsonists, the radicals.\n","vi":"Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt cho r\u1eb1ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb c\u1ef1c \u0111oan: k\u1ebb ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ed1t ph\u00e1, c\u1ea5p ti\u1ebfn.\n"}
{"en":"But right now, companies like TransCanada are briefing police in presentations like this one about how to prosecute nonviolent protesters as terrorists.\n","vi":"Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ty nh\u01b0 TransCanada \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1o c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t v\u1edbi l\u1eddi l\u1ebd nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i b\u1ea5t b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1.\n"}
{"en":"The FBI's training documents on eco-terrorism are not about violence, they're about public relations.\n","vi":"T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a FBI v\u1ec1 kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c, m\u00e0 v\u1ec1 quan h\u1ec7 c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang.\n"}
{"en":"Today, in multiple countries, corporations are pushing new laws that make it illegal to photograph animal cruelty on their farms.\n","vi":"Ng\u00e0y nay, t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111ang th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng cho ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh c\u1ea3nh ng\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e3i lo\u00e0i v\u1eadt trong trang tr\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.\n"}
{"en":"The latest was in Idaho just two weeks ago, and today we released a lawsuit challenging it as unconstitutional as a threat to journalism.\n","vi":"Lu\u1eadt m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban h\u00e0nh 2 tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1i Idaho v\u00e0 h\u00f4m nay, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i g\u1eedi \u0111\u01a1n ki\u1ec7n coi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 vi ph\u1ea1m hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111e do\u1ea1 b\u00e1o ch\u00ed.\n"}
{"en":"The first of these ag - gag prosecutions, as they're called, was a young woman named Amy Meyer, and Amy saw a sick cow being moved by a bulldozer outside of a slaughterhouse as she was on the public street.\n","vi":"V\u1ee5 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ki\u1ec3u b\u1eaft b\u1edb b\u1ecbt m\u1ed3m, nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta v\u1eabn g\u1ecdi, l\u00e0 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef tr\u1ebb t\u00ean Amy Meyer, Amy th\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y x\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ed9t con b\u00f2 b\u1ecb \u1ed1m b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i l\u00f2 s\u00e1t sinh khi \u0111ang \u0111i ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ed1.\n"}
{"en":"And Amy did what any of us would: She filmed it.\n","vi":"Ch\u1ecb \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ai trong ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0m: Ghi l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3nh \u1ea5y.\n"}
{"en":"When I found out about her story, I wrote about it, and within 24 hours, it created such an uproar that the prosecutors just dropped all the charges.\n","vi":"Khi bi\u1ebft chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ecb, t\u00f4i b\u00e8n vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i, ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00f2ng 24 ti\u1ebfng, n\u00f3 g\u00e2y ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng lu\u1eadn th\u1ebf n\u00ean, c\u00f4ng t\u1ed1 vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e3i m\u1ecdi c\u00e1o bu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi ch\u1ecb \u1ea5y.\n"}
{"en":"But apparently, even exposing stuff like that is a threat.\n","vi":"R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta coi vi\u1ec7c ph\u01a1i b\u00e0y s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i \u0111e do\u1ea1.\n"}
{"en":"Through the Freedom of Information Act, I learned that the counter - terrorism unit has been monitoring my articles and speeches like this one.\n","vi":"Qua \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt T\u1ef1 do Th\u00f4ng tin, t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng C\u01a1 quan ch\u1ed1ng kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1 \u0111ang theo d\u00f5i nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"They even included this nice little write - up of my book.\n","vi":"C\u1ea3 quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch nh\u1ecf m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft.\n"}
{"en":"They described it as \"compelling and well - written.\"\n","vi":"H\u1ecd nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t: \"\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft r\u1ea5t hay v\u00e0 l\u00f4i cu\u1ed1n.\"\n"}
{"en":"(Applause) Blurb on the next book, right?\n","vi":"(V\u1ed7 tay) Nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o cho cu\u1ed1n sau, nh\u1ec9?\n"}
{"en":"The point of all of this is to make us afraid, but as a journalist, I have an unwavering faith in the power of education.\n","vi":"T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecd l\u00e0m l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn cho ch\u00fang ta s\u1ee3 nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o, t\u00f4i tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c.\n"}
{"en":"Our best weapon is sunlight.\n","vi":"V\u0169 kh\u00ed t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi.\n"}
{"en":"Dostoevsky wrote that the whole work of man is to prove he's a man and not a piano key.\n","vi":"Dostoevsky vi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng minh anh ta l\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ph\u00edm \u0111\u00e0n piano.\n"}
{"en":"Over and over throughout history, people in power have used fear to silence the truth and to silence dissent.\n","vi":"Trong su\u1ed1t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i \u0111\u1ec3 che d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt v\u00e0 b\u1ecbt mi\u1ec7ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng\n"}
{"en":"It's time we strike a new note.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac ch\u00fang ta l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng.\n"}
{"en":"Ever since I was a young girl, I was always fascinated -- (Laughter) Oh!\n","vi":"T\u1eeb khi c\u00f2n nh\u1ecf, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 lu\u00f4n b\u1ecb m\u00ea ho\u1eb7c - - (c\u01b0\u1eddi) \u1ed2\n"}
{"en":"(Laughter) OK, I meant younger and more short.\n","vi":"(c\u01b0\u1eddi) \u00c0 \u00fd t\u00f4i l\u00e0 khi c\u00f2n nh\u1ecf x\u00edu v\u00e0 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n\n"}
{"en":"(Laughter) If that's possible to imagine.\n","vi":"(c\u01b0\u1eddi) nh\u01b0 v\u1eady cho d\u1ec5 h\u00ecnh dung.\n"}
{"en":"But ever since I was a young girl, I was always fascinated with how the world worked exactly how it did.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng t\u1eeb khi c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 lu\u00f4n b\u1ecb m\u00ea ho\u1eb7c b\u1edfi c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.\n"}
{"en":"So this, very early on, led me to the fields of mathematics and chemistry.\n","vi":"B\u1edfi v\u1eady, ngay t\u1eeb r\u1ea5t s\u1edbm, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn d\u1eaft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi hai l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc.\n"}
{"en":"I would keep going further and further, and as I kept going, I realized that all the fields of science are interconnected.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 ch\u00fang v\u00e0 khi \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn ra t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec1u k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhau.\n"}
{"en":"And without one, the others have little or no value.\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu thi\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t, nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea5t \u0111i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb.\n"}
{"en":"So, inspired by Marie Curie and my local science museum, I decided to start asking these questions myself and engage in my own independent research, whether it be out of my garage or my bedroom.\n","vi":"\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb Marie Curie v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng khoa h\u1ecdc n\u01a1i t\u00f4i \u1edf, t\u00f4i t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh \u1edf ga - ra ho\u1eb7c trong ph\u00f2ng ng\u1ee7.\n"}
{"en":"I started reading journal papers, started doing science competitions, started participating in science fairs, doing anything I could to get the knowledge that I so desperately wanted.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed khoa h\u1ecdc, tham gia c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c thi khoa h\u1ecdc, tham d\u1ef1 c\u00e1c h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee3 khoa h\u1ecdc, l\u00e0m m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 t\u00f4i h\u1eb1ng mong mu\u1ed1n.\n"}
{"en":"So while I was studying anatomy for a competition, I came across the topic of something called chronic wounds.\n","vi":"Khi h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu cho m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c thi khoa h\u1ecdc, t\u00f4i t\u00ecnh c\u1edd \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 - v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh\n"}
{"en":"And one thing that stood out to me was a statistic that said that the number of people in the United States with chronic wounds exceeds the number of people with breast cancer, colon cancer, lung cancer and leukemia, combined.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u1eaft t\u00f4i ngay l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 con s\u1ed1 th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh \u1edf M\u1ef9 cao h\u01a1n t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc ung th\u01b0 v\u00fa, ung th\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00e0ng, ung th\u01b0 ph\u1ed5i v\u00e0 ung th\u01b0 m\u00e1u c\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i.\n"}
{"en":"Hold up.\n","vi":"\u0110\u1ee3i \u0111\u00e3.\n"}
{"en":"So what is a chronic wound?\n","vi":"V\u1eady v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\n"}
{"en":"(Laughter) And why have n't I heard about a 5 K walk for chronic wounds, why have n't I even heard about a chronic wound in general?\n","vi":"(c\u01b0\u1eddi) V\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1edd t\u00f4i ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng nghe v\u1ec1 c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb n\u00e0y, t\u1ea1i sao t\u00f4i ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng nghe v\u1ec1 v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh nh\u1ec9?\n"}
{"en":"(Laughter) So after I got past those preliminary questions, and one that I will clarify for you, a chronic wound is essentially when someone gets a normal wound, except it fails to heal normally because the patient has some kind of preexisting condition, which in most cases is diabetes.\n","vi":"(c\u01b0\u1eddi) Sau khi qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i s\u1ebd l\u00e0m r\u00f5 n\u00f3 ngay sau \u0111\u00e2y, v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh l\u00e0 khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0nh theo c\u00e1ch th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00ec h\u1ecd ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111a s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng.\n"}
{"en":"So more staggering statistics were to be found as I kept going on in this research.\n","vi":"C\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e0o s\u00e2u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, t\u00f4i t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c\n"}
{"en":"In the year 2010 alone, 50 billion dollars were spent worldwide to treat chronic wounds.\n","vi":"Ch\u1ec9 trong n\u0103m 2010, 50 t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.\n"}
{"en":"In addition, it's estimated that about two percent of the population will get a chronic wound at some point in their lifetime.\n","vi":"Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, kho\u1ea3ng hai ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh v\u00e0o l\u00fac n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 trong \u0111\u1eddi.\n"}
{"en":"This was absurd.\n","vi":"Th\u1eadt v\u00f4 l\u00ed.\n"}
{"en":"So as I started doing more research, I found that there was a correlation between the moisture level inside a wound dressing and the stage of healing that the chronic wound would be at.\n","vi":"Do \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00eam, v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m b\u00ean trong v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u00e0nh v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh.\n"}
{"en":"So I decided, why do n't I design something to measure the moisture level within the wound so this can help doctors and patients treat their wounds better.\n","vi":"V\u00ec v\u1eady, t\u00f4i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, sao kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m b\u00ean trong v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u00fap b\u00e1c s\u0129 v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.\n"}
{"en":"And essentially, expedite the healing process.\n","vi":"V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 l\u00e0m nhanh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0nh v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng.\n"}
{"en":"So that's exactly what I set out to do.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m.\n"}
{"en":"Being a 14 - year - old working out of her garage - turned - lab, I had a lot of constraints.\n","vi":"L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4 b\u00e9 14 tu\u1ed5i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m ga - ra, t\u00f4i g\u1eb7p r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf.\n"}
{"en":"Most being that I was n't given a grant, I was n't given a lot of money, and I was n't given a lot of resources.\n","vi":"Ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 do kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 kinh ph\u00ed, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c.\n"}
{"en":"In addition, I had a lot of criteria, as well.\n","vi":"Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f4i c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eb7t ra kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u ti\u00eau ch\u00ed.\n"}
{"en":"Since this product would be readily interacting with the body, it had to be biocompatible, it also had to be low - cost, as I was designing it and paying for it myself.\n","vi":"V\u00ec s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 n\u00ean n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch sinh h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 d\u0129 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 r\u1ebb, v\u00ec t\u00f4i t\u1ef1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 chi tr\u1ea3.\n"}
{"en":"It also had to be mass - manufacturable, because I wanted it to be made anywhere, for anyone.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t, v\u00ec t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u00ec \u0111\u00e2u, cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi.\n"}
{"en":"Thus, I drafted up a schematic.\n","vi":"Do \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f4i ph\u00e1c th\u1ea3o m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3.\n"}
{"en":"A stacking variant means that the entire product is consisted of different individual parts that have to work in unison.\n","vi":"S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 v\u1edbi nhau.\n"}
{"en":"And what's shown there is one possible arrangement.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch l\u1eafp r\u00e1p ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh.\n"}
{"en":"So what exactly is this?\n","vi":"V\u1eady d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\n"}
{"en":"So I had gone on to testing my sensors and as all scientists have stumbles along their work, I also had a couple of problems in my first generation of sensors.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc g\u1eb7p tr\u1ee5c tr\u1eb7c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, t\u00f4i c\u0169ng g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi t\u1ea1o ra c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t.\n"}
{"en":"First of all, I could n't figure out how to get a nanoparticle ink into a printcheck cartridge without spilling it all over my carpet.\n","vi":"\u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0a m\u1ef1c in nano v\u00e0 khay \u0111\u1ef1ng m\u1ef1c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed5 ra th\u1ea3m.\n"}
{"en":"That was problem number one.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t.\n"}
{"en":"Problem number two was, I could n't exactly control the sensitivity of my sensors.\n","vi":"Kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn.\n"}
{"en":"I could n't scale them up or down, I could n't really do anything of that sort.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.\n"}
{"en":"So I wanted something to solve it.\n","vi":"Do \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"Problem one was easily solved by some scouting on eBay and Amazon for syringes that I could use.\n","vi":"V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u01b0\u1edbt eBay v\u00e0 Amazon \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u1ed1ng b\u01a1m m\u1ef1c.\n"}
{"en":"Problem two, however, required a lot more thought.\n","vi":"Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u suy ngh\u0129 h\u01a1n.\n"}
{"en":"So this is where this factors in.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fac \u0111\u01b0a y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y v\u00e0o.\n"}
{"en":"So what a space - filling curve does is it aims to take up all the area it can within one unit square.\n","vi":"\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng cong kh\u00f4ng gian - th\u1ec3 t\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 khu v\u1ef1c m\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb di\u1ec7n t\u00edch.\n"}
{"en":"And by writing a computer program, you can have different iterations of the different curve, which increasingly get close to one unit square, but never quite reaches there.\n","vi":"B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong kh\u00e1c nhau, ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi g\u1ea7n h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb di\u1ec7n t\u00edch nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.\n"}
{"en":"So now I could control the thickness, the size, I could do whatever I want with it, and I could predict my results.\n","vi":"Gi\u1edd, t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 m\u00ecnh mu\u1ed1n, v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m\n"}
{"en":"So I started constructing my sensors and testing them more rigorously, using money that I had gotten from previous science fair awards.\n","vi":"N\u00ean t\u00f4i b\u1eaft tay v\u00e0o x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra n\u00f3 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t h\u01a1n, d\u00f9ng s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb c\u00e1c h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee3 khoa h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"Lastly, I had to connect this data in order to be read.\n","vi":"Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.\n"}
{"en":"So I interfaced it with a Bluetooth chip, which you can see here by the app screenshots on the right.\n","vi":"N\u00ean t\u00f4i giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi ch\u00fang b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t con chip bluetooth, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y tr\u00ean \u1ea3nh ch\u1ee5p m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i.\n"}
{"en":"And what this does is that anyone can monitor the progress of their wound, and it can be transmitted over a wireless connection to the doctor, the patient or whoever needs it.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0nh v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 n\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng tin qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2y t\u1edbi b\u00e1c s\u0129, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n hay b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ai c\u1ea7n n\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"[Continued Testing and Refinement] So in conclusion, my design was successful -- however, science never ends.\n","vi":"(Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh) T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ng\u1eebng l\u1ea1i.\n"}
{"en":"There's always something to be done, something to be refined.\n","vi":"Lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 th\u1ee9 g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n.\n"}
{"en":"So that's what I'm currently in the process of doing.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111ang l\u00e0m.\n"}
{"en":"However, what I learned was what's more important than the actual thing I designed is an attitude that I had taken on while doing this.\n","vi":"Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 t\u00f4i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u00e0 t\u00f4i thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u00e0 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00f4i c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"And that attitude was, even though I'm a 14 - year - old working in her garage on something that she does n't completely understand, I could still make a difference and contribute to the field.\n","vi":"Th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 khi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4 g\u00e1i 14 tu\u1ed5i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong ga - ra v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n c\u00f4 c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5, t\u00f4i v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho khoa h\u1ecdc.\n"}
{"en":"And that's what inspired me to keep going, and I hope it inspires many others to also do work like this even though they're not very sure about it.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho t\u00f4i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i hi v\u1ecdng s\u1ebd truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c v\u1eefng tin v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c m\u00ecnh \u0111ang l\u00e0m.\n"}
{"en":"So I hope that's a message that you all take on today.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i hi v\u1ecdng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00f4m nay.\n"}
{"en":"OK, today we're going to talk about the mole.\n","vi":"OK, h\u00f4m nay ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 \"mol\".\n"}
{"en":"Now, I know what you're thinking: \"I know what a mole is, it's a small furry creature that digs holes in the ground and destroys gardens.\"\n","vi":"T\u00f4i bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n \u0111ang ngh\u0129: \"T\u00f4i bi\u1ebft mol l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t sinh v\u1eadt nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 l\u00f4ng, hay \u0111\u00e0o l\u1ed7 tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ph\u00e1 hu\u1ef7 c\u00e1c khu v\u01b0\u1eddn.\"\n"}
{"en":"And some of you might be thinking that it's a growth on your aunt's face with hairs sticking out of it.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 n\u1ed1t ru\u1ed3i tr\u00ean khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a d\u00ec b\u1ea1n v\u1edbi c\u1ecdng l\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf nh\u00f4 ra\n"}
{"en":"Well, in this case, a mole is a concept that we use in chemistry to count molecules, atoms, just about anything extremely small.\n","vi":"V\u00e2ng, nh\u01b0ng trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t mol l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfm c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed, nguy\u00ean t\u1eed, hay l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 th\u1ee9 g\u00ec r\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf.\n"}
{"en":"Have you ever wondered how many atoms there are in the universe?\n","vi":"B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 bao gi\u1edd t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 bao nhi\u00eau nguy\u00ean t\u1eed trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 ch\u01b0a?\n"}
{"en":"Or in your body?\n","vi":"Ho\u1eb7c trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n?\n"}
{"en":"Or even in a grain of sand?\n","vi":"Ho\u1eb7c ngay c\u1ea3 trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1t c\u00e1t?\n"}
{"en":"Scientists have wanted to answer that question, but how do you count something as small as an atom?\n","vi":"C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc mu\u1ed1n tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0m b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed?\n"}
{"en":"Well, in 1811, someone had an idea that if you had equal volumes of gases, at the same temperature and pressure, they would contain an equal number of particles.\n","vi":"V\u00e2ng, n\u0103m 1811, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed b\u1eb1ng nhau, \u1edf c\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed b\u1eb1ng nhau.\n"}
{"en":"His name was Lorenzo Romano Amedeo Carlo Avogadro.\n","vi":"T\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Lorenzo Romano Amedeo Carlo Avogadro.\n"}
{"en":"I wonder how long it took him to sign autographs.\n","vi":"Kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u00f4ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t bao l\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00ed m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m thi\u1ebfp.\n"}
{"en":"Unfortunately for Avogadro, most scientists did n't accept the idea of the atom, and there was no way to prove he was right.\n","vi":"Th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng may cho Avogadro, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00fang.\n"}
{"en":"There was no clear difference between atoms and molecules.\n","vi":"Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng gi\u1eefa nguy\u00ean t\u1eed v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed.\n"}
{"en":"Most scientists looked at Avogadro's work as purely hypothetical, and did n't give it much thought.\n","vi":"H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc nh\u00ecn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a Avogadro ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng suy ngh\u0129 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"But it turned out he was right!\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng ho\u00e1 ra \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00fang!\n"}
{"en":"By late 1860, Avogadro was proven correct, and his work helped lay the foundation for the atomic theory.\n","vi":"Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1860, thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Avogadro \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang, v\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho thuy\u1ebft nguy\u00ean t\u1eed.\n"}
{"en":"Unfortunately, Avogadro died in 1856.\n","vi":"Th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng may, Avogadro qua \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1856.\n"}
{"en":"Now the thing is that the amount of particles in even small samples is tremendous.\n","vi":"B\u00e2y gi\u1edd v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t trong c\u00e1c m\u1eabu th\u1eadm ch\u00ed nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t to l\u1edbn.\n"}
{"en":"For example, If you have a balloon of any gas at zero degrees Celcius, and at a pressure of one atmosphere, then you have precisely six hundred and two sextillion gas particles.\n","vi":"V\u00ed d\u1ee5, N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea3 b\u00f3ng ch\u1ee9 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 kh\u00ed n\u00e0o b\u00ean trong \u1edf 0 \u0111\u1ed9 C, v\u00e0 \u1edf \u00e1p su\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t atmotphe, th\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c s\u00e1u nh\u00e2n m\u01b0\u1eddi m\u0169 hai m\u01b0\u01a1i ba ph\u00e2n t\u1eed kh\u00ed.\n"}
{"en":"That is, you have six with 23 zeros after it particles of gas in the container.\n","vi":"6 * (10 ^ 23) C\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 6 v\u1edbi 23 s\u1ed1 0 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed kh\u00ed trong qu\u1ea3 b\u00f3ng.\n"}
{"en":"Or in scientific notation, 6.02 times 10 to the 23rd particles.\n","vi":"Ho\u1eb7c theo khoa h\u1ecdc k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u, 6,02 l\u1ea7n 10 m\u0169 23.\n"}
{"en":"This example is a little misleading, because gases take up a lot of space due to the high kinetic energy of the gas particles, and it leaves you thinking atoms are bigger than they really are.\n","vi":"V\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat sai l\u1ea7m, b\u1edfi v\u00ec kh\u00ed chi\u1ebfm r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng gian do \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng cao c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed v\u00e0 l\u00e0m b\u1ea1n ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt.\n"}
{"en":"Instead, think of water molecules.\n","vi":"Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e3y ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc.\n"}
{"en":"If you pour 18.01 grams of water into a glass, which is 18.01 milliliters, which is like three and a half teaspoons of water, you'll have 602 sextillion molecules of water.\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed5 18.01 gram n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o ly, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 18.01 ml, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ba v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda mu\u1ed7ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea n\u01b0\u1edbc, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 602 nh\u00e2n 10 m\u0169 21 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc.\n"}
{"en":"Since Lorenzo Romano - uh, never mind - Avogadro was the first one to come up with this idea, scientists named the number 6.02 times 10 to the 23rd after him.\n","vi":"K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi Lorenzo Romano... - uh, th\u00f4i - Avogadro l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean s\u1ed1 6.02 l\u1ea7n 10 m\u0169 23 theo t\u00ean \u00f4ng \u1ea5y.\n"}
{"en":"It is simply known as Avogadros's number.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 Avogadro.\n"}
{"en":"Now, back to the mole.\n","vi":"B\u00e2y gi\u1edd, quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i mol.\n"}
{"en":"Not that mole.\n","vi":"Kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e0i con chu\u1ed9t ch\u0169i.\n"}
{"en":"This mole.\n","vi":"Mol n\u00e0y c\u01a1.\n"}
{"en":"Yep, this number has a second name.\n","vi":"V\u00e2ng, con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1i t\u00ean th\u1ee9 hai.\n"}
{"en":"Chemists use the term mole to refer to the quantities that are at the magnitude of 602 sextillion.\n","vi":"C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef mol \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 602 nh\u00e2n 10 m\u0169 21.\n"}
{"en":"This is known as a molar quantity.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng mol.\n"}
{"en":"Atoms and molecules are so small, that chemists have bundled them into groups called moles.\n","vi":"Nguy\u00ean t\u1eed v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i ch\u00fang th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 mol\n"}
{"en":"Moles are hard for students to understand because they have a hard time picturing the size of a mole, or of 602 sextillion.\n","vi":"C\u00e1c Mol th\u00ec kh\u00e1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n cho c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3 b\u1edfi r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh dung k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t mol. ho\u1eb7c 602 nh\u00e2n 10 m\u0169 21.\n"}
{"en":"It's just too big to wrap our brains around.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ecdc b\u1ed9 n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta xung quanh.\n"}
{"en":"Remember our 18.01 milliliters of water?\n","vi":"C\u00f2n nh\u1edb 18.01 ml n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ee9?\n"}
{"en":"Well, that's a mole of water.\n","vi":"V\u00e2ng, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t mol n\u01b0\u1edbc.\n"}
{"en":"But how much is that?\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau?\n"}
{"en":"Exactly what does 602 sextillion look like?\n","vi":"Ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c th\u00ec 602 nh\u00e2n 10 m\u0169 21 tr\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?\n"}
{"en":"Maybe this'll help.\n","vi":"C\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.\n"}
{"en":"Exchange the water particles for donuts.\n","vi":"Thay c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1eb1ng b\u00e1nh donut.\n"}
{"en":"If you had a mole of donuts, they would cover the entire earth to a depth of eight kilometers, which is about five miles.\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t mol donut, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd bao tr\u00f9m to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u 8 km, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 5 d\u1eb7m.\n"}
{"en":"You really need a lot of coffee for that.\n","vi":"B\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e0 ph\u00ea cho ch\u1eebng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea5y.\n"}
{"en":"If you had a mole of basketballs, you could create a new planet the size of the earth.\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t mol qu\u1ea3 b\u00f3ng r\u1ed5, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh tinh m\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t.\n"}
{"en":"If you received a mole of pennies on the day you were born and spent a million dollars a second until the day you died at the age of 100, you would still have more than 99. 99% of your money in the bank.\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t mol \u0111\u1ed3ng xu ng\u00e0y b\u1ea1n sinh ra v\u00e0 ti\u00eau m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la m\u1ed7i gi\u00e2y cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y b\u1ea1n qua \u0111\u1eddi \u1edf tu\u1ed5i 100, b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n 99,99% s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n trong ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng.\n"}
{"en":"Now we sort of have an idea how large the mole is.\n","vi":"B\u00e2y gi\u1edd ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 v\u00e0i \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t mol l\u1edbn ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o.\n"}
{"en":"So how do we use it?\n","vi":"V\u1eady l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3?\n"}
{"en":"You might be surprised to know that chemists use it the same way you use pounds to buy grapes, deli meat, or eggs.\n","vi":"B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean khi bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 theo c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch b\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng pound \u0111\u1ec3 mua nho, th\u1ecbt deli, ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ee9ng.\n"}
{"en":"When you go to the grocery store, you do n't go to the deli counter and ask for 43 slices of salami, you buy your salami by the pound.\n","vi":"Khi b\u1ea1n \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng t\u1ea1p ho\u00e1, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea7y deli v\u00e0 h\u1ecfi mua 43 l\u00e1t x\u00fac x\u00edch \u00dd, b\u1ea1n mua x\u00fac x\u00edch b\u1eb1ng pound.\n"}
{"en":"When you buy your eggs, you buy a dozen eggs.\n","vi":"Khi b\u1ea1n mua tr\u1ee9ng b\u1ea1n, b\u1ea1n mua m\u1ed9t t\u00e1 tr\u1ee9ng.\n"}
{"en":"When we hear the word dozen, we probably think of the number 12.\n","vi":"Khi ch\u00fang ta nghe t\u1eeb t\u00e1, ch\u00fang ta ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 12.\n"}
{"en":"We also know that a pair is two, a baker's dozen is 13, a gross is 144, and a ream of paper is - anybody?\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t c\u1eb7p l\u00e0 hai c\u00e1i, m\u1ed9t t\u00e1 c\u1ee7a th\u1ee3 l\u00e0m b\u00e1nh l\u00e0 13, m\u01b0\u1eddi hai t\u00e1 l\u00e0 144, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ram gi\u1ea5y l\u00e0 - ai bi\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng?\n"}
{"en":"A ream is 500.\n","vi":"M\u1ed9t ram l\u00e0 500.\n"}
{"en":"Well, a mole is really the same thing.\n","vi":"V\u00e2ng, m\u1ed9t mol th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1.\n"}
{"en":"For a chemist, a mole conjures up the number 6.02 times 10 to the 23rd, not a fuzzy little animal.\n","vi":"V\u1edbi m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc, m\u1ed9t mol g\u1ee3i l\u00ean s\u1ed1 6.02 l\u1ea7n 10 m\u0169 23. ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ea7y l\u00f4ng.\n"}
{"en":"The only difference is that the other quantities are more familiar to us.\n","vi":"S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t duy nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb kh\u00e1c quen thu\u1ed9c h\u01a1n v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta.\n"}
{"en":"Growing up in Taiwan as the daughter of a calligrapher, one of my most treasured memories was my mother showing me the beauty, the shape and the form of Chinese characters.\n","vi":"L\u1edbn l\u00ean \u1edf \u0110\u00e0i Loan v\u00e0 l\u00e0 con g\u00e1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft th\u01b0 ph\u00e1p, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd qu\u00ean c\u00e1i ng\u00e0y m\u00e0 m\u1eb9 t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 cho t\u00f4i v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ch\u1eef c\u00e1i trong ti\u1ebfng Trung.\n"}
{"en":"Ever since then, I was fascinated by this incredible language.\n","vi":"K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f4i r\u1ea5t th\u00edch th\u00fa v\u1edbi th\u1ee9 ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ea7y b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd n\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"But to an outsider, it seems to be as impenetrable as the Great Wall of China.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfng Trung, th\u00ec th\u1ee9 ti\u1ebfng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 V\u1ea1n l\u00fd tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh v\u1eady.\n"}
{"en":"Over the past few years, I've been wondering if I can break down this wall, so anyone who wants to understand and appreciate the beauty of this sophisticated language could do so.\n","vi":"Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m qua, t\u00f4i lu\u00f4n t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi r\u1eb1ng li\u1ec7u m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng bao b\u1ecdc n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho nh\u1eefng ai mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9 ti\u1ebfng tinh tu\u00fd n\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"I started thinking about how a new, fast method of learning Chinese might be useful.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng Trung m\u1edbi s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u00edch.\n"}
{"en":"Since the age of five, I started to learn how to draw every single stroke for each character in the correct sequence.\n","vi":"T\u1eeb khi n\u0103m tu\u1ed5i, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eadp vi\u1ebft t\u1eebng n\u00e9t ch\u1eef c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00fang.\n"}
{"en":"I learned new characters every day during the course of the next 15 years.\n","vi":"Trong su\u1ed1t 15 n\u0103m, m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb m\u1edbi.\n"}
{"en":"Since we only have five minutes, it's better that we have a fast and simpler way.\n","vi":"V\u00ec ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 5 ph\u00fat v\u1eady n\u00ean t\u00f4i s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i cho c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn v\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n.\n"}
{"en":"A Chinese scholar would understand 20,000 characters.\n","vi":"Th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 ti\u1ebfng Trung c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1n 20000 k\u00ed t\u1ef1\n"}
{"en":"You only need 1,000 to understand the basic literacy.\n","vi":"C\u00e1c b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft 1000 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n.\n"}
{"en":"The top 200 will allow you to comprehend 40 percent of basic literature -- enough to read road signs, restaurant menus, to understand the basic idea of the web pages or the newspapers.\n","vi":"200 t\u1eeb quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 40% ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n - \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o giao th\u00f4ng, th\u1ef1c \u0111\u01a1n nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng, v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u00fd c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng trang web hay trong s\u00e1ch b\u00e1o.\n"}
{"en":"Today I'm going to start with eight to show you how the method works.\n","vi":"Ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m nay, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd l\u1ea5y v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 8 k\u00ed t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 cho c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u1ecdc.\n"}
{"en":"You are ready?\n","vi":"C\u00e1c b\u1ea1n s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng ch\u1ee9?\n"}
{"en":"Open your mouth as wide as possible until it's square.\n","vi":"H\u00e3y m\u1edf mi\u1ec7ng th\u1eadt to v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh vu\u00f4ng.\n"}
{"en":"You get a mouth.\n","vi":"C\u00e1c b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 ch\u1eef \"Kh\u1ea9u\"\n"}
{"en":"This is a person going for a walk.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang \u0111i d\u1ea1o.\n"}
{"en":"If the shape of the fire is a person with two arms on both sides, as if she was yelling frantically, \"Help!\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e1m l\u1eeda c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi hai c\u00e1nh gi\u01a1 l\u00ean, v\u00e0 khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 h\u00e9t l\u00ean, \"C\u1ee9u!\n"}
{"en":"I'm on fire! \"-- This symbol actually is originally from the shape of the flame, but I like to think that way.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i \u0111ang b\u1ecb ch\u00e1y \"Bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i th\u00edch ngh\u0129 theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y h\u01a1n.\n"}
{"en":"This is a tree.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1i \"c\u00e2y\".\n"}
{"en":"This is a mountain.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \"ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai\"\n"}
{"en":"The sun.\n","vi":"\"M\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi\"\n"}
{"en":"The moon.\n","vi":"\"M\u1eb7t tr\u0103ng\"\n"}
{"en":"The symbol of the door looks like a pair of saloon doors in the wild west.\n","vi":"H\u00ecnh c\u00e1i \"c\u1eeda\" tr\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 hai c\u00e1i c\u1eeda \u1edf c\u00e1c qu\u00e1n r\u01b0\u1ee3u mi\u1ec1n T\u00e2y n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u0129\n"}
{"en":"I call these eight characters radicals.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i g\u1ecdi t\u00e1m k\u00ed t\u1ef1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u00ed t\u1ef1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t\n"}
{"en":"They are the building blocks for you to create lots more characters.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang t\u1ea1o l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean nh\u1eefng k\u00ed t\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c\n"}
{"en":"A person.\n","vi":"\"Nh\u00e2n\"\n"}
{"en":"If someone walks behind, that is \"to follow.\"\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 \"ng\u01b0\u1eddi\" \u0111i \u0111\u1eb1ng sau, \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 \"\u0111i theo\".\n"}
{"en":"As the old saying goes, two is company, three is a crowd.\n","vi":"C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u n\u00f3i c\u1ed5 l\u00e0, hai th\u00ec l\u00e0 \"nh\u00f3m b\u1ea1n\", c\u00f2n ba th\u00ec l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \"\u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng\"\n"}
{"en":"If a person stretched their arms wide, this person is saying, \"It was this big.\"\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t \"ng\u01b0\u1eddi\" dang r\u1ed9ng tay ra, \"ng\u01b0\u1eddi\" n\u00e0y n\u00f3i, \"N\u00f3 to ch\u1eebng n\u00e0y.\"\n"}
{"en":"The person inside the mouth, the person is trapped.\n","vi":"M\u1ed9t \"ng\u01b0\u1eddi\" \u1edf trong \"mi\u1ec7ng\", \"ng\u01b0\u1eddi\" \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u1eaft gi\u1eef.\n"}
{"en":"He's a prisoner, just like Jonah inside the whale.\n","vi":"\"Ng\u01b0\u1eddi\" \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \"t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n\", gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 Jonah \u1edf trong c\u00e1 voi v\u1eady.\n"}
{"en":"One tree is a tree.\n","vi":"M\u1ed9t c\u00e1i c\u00e2y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 \"c\u00e2y\".\n"}
{"en":"Two trees together, we have the woods.\n","vi":"Hai c\u00e1i \"c\u00e2y\" s\u1ebd l\u00e0 \"g\u1ed7\".\n"}
{"en":"Put a plank underneath the tree, we have the foundation.\n","vi":"Khi \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea5m v\u00e1n d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1i \"c\u00e2y\", ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 \"n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng\"\n"}
{"en":"Put a mouth on the top of the tree, that's \"idiot.\" (Laughter) Easy to remember, since a talking tree is pretty idiotic.\n","vi":"\u0110\u1eb7t c\u00e1i \"mi\u1ec7ng\" \u1edf tr\u00ean c\u00e2y, \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 \"th\u1eb1ng ng\u1ed1c\" \u0110\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 nh\u1edb th\u00ec, b\u1edfi c\u00e1i \"c\u00e2y\" m\u00e0 bi\u1ebft n\u00f3i th\u00ec s\u1ebd kh\u00e1 ng\u1ed1c ng\u1ebfch.\n"}
{"en":"Two fires together, I get really hot.\n","vi":"Khi c\u00f3 hai \"l\u1eeda\", t\u00f4i s\u1ebd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y r\u1ea5t n\u00f3ng.\n"}
{"en":"Three fires together, that's a lot of flames.\n","vi":"Khi c\u00f3 ba \"l\u1eeda\" th\u00ec s\u1ebd c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda\n"}
{"en":"Set the fire underneath the two trees, it's burning.\n","vi":"Khi \u0111\u1eb7t \"l\u1eeda\" \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi hai c\u00e1i \"c\u00e2y\", n\u00f3 s\u1ebd ch\u00e1y.\n"}
{"en":"For us, the sun is the source of prosperity.\n","vi":"V\u1edbi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, \"m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi\" l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng.\n"}
{"en":"Three together, that's sparkles.\n","vi":"C\u00f2n ba th\u00ec s\u1ebd l\u00e0 \"l\u1ea5p l\u00e1nh\".\n"}
{"en":"Put the sun and the moon shining together, it's brightness.\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu \"m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi\" v\u00e0 \"m\u1eb7t tr\u0103ng\" \u1edf c\u1ea1nh nhau, n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng s\u1ee7a.\n"}
{"en":"It also means tomorrow, after a day and a night.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129 l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y mai, sau m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00eam.\n"}
{"en":"The sun is coming up above the horizon.\n","vi":"\"M\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi\" m\u1ecdc \u1edf tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi.\n"}
{"en":"Sunrise. A door.\n","vi":"M\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi m\u1ecdc \"c\u00e1i c\u1eeda\".\n"}
{"en":"Put a plank inside the door, it's a door bolt.\n","vi":"\u0110\u1eb7t c\u00f9ng t\u1ea5m g\u1ed7 \u1edf trong c\u1eeda, \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 c\u00e1i \"ch\u1ed1t c\u1eeda\"\n"}
{"en":"Put a mouth inside the door, asking questions.\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1i \"mi\u1ec7ng\" v\u00e0o trong c\u00e1i \"t\u1ee7\", v\u00e0 h\u1ecfi:\n"}
{"en":"Knock knock.\n","vi":"G\u00f5 g\u00f5.\n"}
{"en":"Is anyone home?\n","vi":"C\u00f3 ai \u1edf nh\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng?\n"}
{"en":"This person is sneaking out of a door, escaping, evading.\n","vi":"\"Ng\u01b0\u1eddi\" n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ed1n ra kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1i c\u1eeda, tr\u1ed1n tho\u00e1t, \"l\u1ea9n tr\u1ed1n\"\n"}
{"en":"On the left, we have a woman.\n","vi":"\u1ede b\u00ean tr\u00e1i, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef\n"}
{"en":"(Laughter) Three women together, be careful, it's adultery.\n","vi":"(C\u01b0\u1eddi) Ba \"ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef\", c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn nh\u00e9, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \"chuy\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn\".\n"}
{"en":"So we have gone through almost 30 characters.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e9t qua g\u1ea7n 30 k\u00ed t\u1ef1.\n"}
{"en":"By using this method, the first eight radicals will allow you to build 32.\n","vi":"B\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y, v\u1edbi t\u00e1m k\u00ed t\u1ef1 quan tr\u1ecdng ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean 32 k\u00ed t\u1ef1.\n"}
{"en":"The next group of eight characters will build an extra 32.\n","vi":"Nh\u00f3m t\u00e1m k\u00ed t\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp theo s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u00eam 32 k\u00ed t\u1ef1 n\u1eefa.\n"}
{"en":"So with very little effort, you will be able to learn a couple hundred characters, which is the same as a Chinese eight - year - old.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u00ea h\u1ecdc h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m k\u00ed t\u1ef1, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u00e1m tu\u1ed5i v\u1eady.\n"}
{"en":"So after we know the characters, we start building phrases.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 sau khi ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c k\u00ed t\u1ef1, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb.\n"}
{"en":"For example, the mountain and the fire together, we have fire mountain. It's a volcano.\n","vi":"V\u00ed d\u1ee5, \"ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai\" v\u00e0 \"l\u1eeda\" \u0111\u1ee9ng c\u1ea1nh nhau, ta s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \"n\u00fai l\u1eeda\".\n"}
{"en":"We know Japan is the land of the rising sun.\n","vi":"N\u01b0\u1edbc Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi m\u1ecdc\n"}
{"en":"This is a sun placed with the origin, because Japan lies to the east of China.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \"m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi\" \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi t\u1eeb \"ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c\" b\u1edfi Nh\u1eadt n\u1eb1m \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0110\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c\n"}
{"en":"So a sun, origin together, we build Japan.\n","vi":"V\u1eady \"m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi\", c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi t\u1eeb \"ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c\", ta c\u00f3 \"n\u01b0\u1edbc Nh\u1eadt\"\n"}
{"en":"A person behind Japan, what do we get?\n","vi":"M\u1ed9t \"ng\u01b0\u1eddi\" \u0111i sau \"n\u01b0\u1edbc Nh\u1eadt\", n\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0?\n"}
{"en":"A Japanese person.\n","vi":"\"Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt\"\n"}
{"en":"The character on the left is two mountains stacked on top of each other.\n","vi":"K\u00ed t\u1ef1 \u1edf b\u00ean tr\u00e1i l\u00e0 hai ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai ch\u1ee5m l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau \u1edf \u0111\u1ec9nh.\n"}
{"en":"In ancient China, that means in exile, because Chinese emperors, they put their political enemies in exile beyond mountains.\n","vi":"\u1ede Trung Qu\u1ed1c th\u1eddi x\u01b0a, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \"\u0111\u00e0y \u1ea3i\" b\u1edfi ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf Trung Qu\u1ed1c th\u1eddi x\u01b0a b\u1eaft gi\u1eef nh\u1eefng t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai.\n"}
{"en":"Nowadays, exile has turned into getting out.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd, \"\u0111\u1ea7y \u1ea3i\" \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh \"tr\u1ed1n tr\u00e1nh\"\n"}
{"en":"A mouth which tells you where to get out is an exit.\n","vi":"C\u00e1i \"mi\u1ec7ng\" bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb n\u01a1i b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i ra kh\u1ecfi l\u00e0 \"l\u1ed1i ra\"\n"}
{"en":"This is a slide to remind me that I should stop talking and get off of the stage. Thank you.\n","vi":"Slide n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf t\u00f4i k\u1ebft th\u00fac b\u00e0i n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y C\u1ea3m \u01a1n.\n"}
{"en":"We conventionally divide space into private and public realms, and we know these legal distinctions very well because we've become experts at protecting our private property and private space.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng gian theo s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u01b0 - c\u00f4ng, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta am hi\u1ec3u l\u1eb1n ranh ph\u00e1p l\u00fd gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang v\u00ec ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh chuy\u00ean gia trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng.\n"}
{"en":"But we're less attuned to the nuances of the public.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta \u00edt \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd h\u01a1n t\u1edbi s\u1eafc th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng.\n"}
{"en":"What translates generic public space into qualitative space?\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec bi\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc?\n"}
{"en":"I mean, this is something that our studio has been working on for the past decade.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 studio ch\u00fang t\u00f4i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong su\u1ed1t th\u1eadp k\u1ec9 qua.\n"}
{"en":"And we're doing this through some case studies.\n","vi":"v\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u qua c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.\n"}
{"en":"A large chunk of our work has been put into transforming this neglected industrial ruin into a viable post-industrial space that looks forward and backward at the same time.\n","vi":"M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n ho\u00e1 t\u00e0n t\u00edch c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 b\u1ecb l\u00e3ng qu\u00ean n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian h\u1eadu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ph\u00eda sau c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac.\n"}
{"en":"We've been working on democratizing Lincoln Center for a public that does n't usually have $300 to spend on an opera ticket.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a Lincoln Center \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau x\u00e0i $300 cho m\u1ed9t v\u00e9 xem opera.\n"}
{"en":"So we've been eating, drinking, thinking, living public space for quite a long time.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng \u0103n, u\u1ed1ng, c\u00f9ng ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i.\n"}
{"en":"And it's taught us really one thing, and that is to truly make good public space, you have to erase the distinctions between architecture, urbanism, landscape, media design and so on.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00fang t\u00f4i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i xo\u00e1 \u0111i nh\u1eefng l\u1eb1n ranh gi\u1eefa ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, n\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb, phong c\u1ea3nh, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng v\u00e2n v\u00e2n\n"}
{"en":"Now we're moving onto Washington, D.C.\n","vi":"Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n t\u1edbi Washington, D. C.\n"}
{"en":"and we're working on another transformation, and that is for the existing Hirshhorn Museum that's sited on the most revered public space in America, the National Mall.\n","vi":"v\u00e0 \u0111ang t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1eefa, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 cho B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Hirshhorn to\u1ea1 l\u1ea1c trong m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng trang nghi\u00eam nh\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u0129, Khu th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i Qu\u1ed1c gia (National Mall).\n"}
{"en":"The Mall is a symbol of American democracy.\n","vi":"Khu th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 Hoa K\u1ef3.\n"}
{"en":"And what's fantastic is that this symbol is not a thing, it's not an image, it's not an artifact, actually it's a space, and it's kind of just defined by a line of buildings on either side.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u00fa v\u1ecb l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian, n\u00f3 ki\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e9t c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac bao quanh.\n"}
{"en":"It's a space where citizens can voice their discontent and show their power.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.\n"}
{"en":"It's a place where pivotal moments in American history have taken place.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u1eddi kh\u1eafc then ch\u1ed1t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra.\n"}
{"en":"And they're inscribed in there forever -- like the march on Washington for jobs and freedom and the great speech that Martin Luther King gave there.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi kh\u1eafc \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e3i m\u00e3i - - nh\u01b0 cu\u1ed9c di\u1ec5u h\u00e0nh \u1edf Washington \u0111\u00f2i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 b\u00e0i di\u1ec5n thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Martin Luther King.\n"}
{"en":"The Vietnam protests, the commemoration of all that died in the pandemic of AIDS, the march for women's reproductive rights, right up until almost the present.\n","vi":"Cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfn tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam, nghi l\u1ec5 t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft trong \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch AIDS, cu\u1ed9c di\u1ec5u h\u00e0nh cho quy\u1ec1n sinh s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef, cho \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.\n"}
{"en":"The Mall is the greatest civic stage in this country for dissent.\n","vi":"Khu th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i l\u00e0 s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y khi c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh ki\u1ebfn.\n"}
{"en":"And it's synonymous with free speech, even if you're not sure what it is that you have to say.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 n\u00f3 g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 do ng\u00f4n lu\u1eadn, ngay c\u1ea3 khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec.\n"}
{"en":"It may just be a place for civic commiseration.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ea3m.\n"}
{"en":"There is a huge disconnect, we believe, between the communicative and discursive space of the Mall and the museums that line it to either side.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i tin c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ee9t qu\u00e3ng gi\u1eefa kh\u00f4ng gian mang t\u00ednh k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0m lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a khu th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n n\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"And that is that those museums are usually passive, they have passive relationships between the museum as the presenter and the audience, as the receiver of information.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00ec nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1eefa b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng trong vai tr\u00f2 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y v\u00e0 kh\u00e1n gi\u1ea3, trong vai tr\u00f2 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebfp nh\u00e2n th\u00f4ng tin.\n"}
{"en":"And so you can see dinosaurs and insects and collections of locomotives and all of that, but you're really not involved; you're being talked to.\n","vi":"V\u1eady n\u00ean b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng con kh\u1ee7ng long, c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00e1y xe l\u1eeda t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng tham gia v\u00e0o; b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c n\u00f3i.\n"}
{"en":"When Richard Koshalek took over as director of the Hirshhorn in 2009, he was determined to take advantage of the fact that this museum was sited at the most unique place: at the seat of power in the U.S.\n","vi":"Khi Richard Koshalek l\u00ean ch\u1ee9c gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a Hirshhorn v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2009, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng n\u1eb1m \u1edf m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t: trung t\u00e2m quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3.\n"}
{"en":"And while art and politics are inherently and implicitly together always and all the time, there could be some very special relationship that could be forged here in its uniqueness.\n","vi":"Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng v\u1edbi nhau v\u1eady c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y b\u1edfi t\u00ednh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"The question is, is it possible ultimately for art to insert itself into the dialogue of national and world affairs?\n","vi":"C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1eb7t ra l\u00e0, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 thi kh\u00f4ng khi \u0111\u01b0a ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf?\n"}
{"en":"And could the museum be an agent of cultural diplomacy?\n","vi":"V\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ngo\u1ea1i giao v\u0103n ho\u00e1 hay kh\u00f4ng?\n"}
{"en":"There are over 180 embassies in Washington D.C.\n","vi":"C\u00f3 h\u01a1n 180 \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 qu\u00e1n \u1edf Washington D. C.\n"}
{"en":"There are over 500 think tanks.\n","vi":"C\u00f3 h\u01a1n 500 t\u0103ng duy.\n"}
{"en":"There should be a way of harnessing all of that intellectual and global energy into, and somehow through, the museum.\n","vi":"N\u00ean c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0o, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, qua, b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng n\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"There should be some kind of brain trust.\n","vi":"N\u00ean c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3u nh\u00f3m c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n.\n"}
{"en":"So the Hirshhorn, as we began to think about it, and as we evolved the mission, with Richard and his team -- it's really his life blood.\n","vi":"V\u1eady khi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 Hirshhorn, v\u00e0 khi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i tham gia v\u00e0o s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh, v\u1edbi Richard v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y - - n\u00f3 th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 t\u00e2m huy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta.\n"}
{"en":"But beyond exhibiting contemporary art, the Hirshhorn will become a public forum, a place of discourse for issues around arts, culture, politics and policy.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i, Hirshhorn s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n cho c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec3 tranh lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 xoay quanh ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, v\u0103n ho\u00e1, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch.\n"}
{"en":"It would have the global reach of the World Economic Forum.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m v\u00f3c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 Di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n Kinh t\u1ebf Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.\n"}
{"en":"It would have the interdisciplinarity of the TED Conference.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111a l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb TED.\n"}
{"en":"It would have the informality of the town square.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed th\u00e2n m\u1eadt nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1.\n"}
{"en":"And for this new initiative, the Hirshhorn would have to expand or appropriate a site for a contemporary, deployable structure.\n","vi":"V\u1edbi kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1edbi, Hirshhorn s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c d\u00e0nh ra m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c cho m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, linh \u0111\u1ed9ng\n"}
{"en":"This is the Hirshhorn -- so a 230 - foot - diameter concrete doughnut designed in the early '70s by Gordon Bunshaft.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 Hirshhorn - - m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i donut b\u00ea t\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 230 foot \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eadp k\u1ec9 70 b\u1edfi Gordon Bunshaft.\n"}
{"en":"It's hulking, it's silent, it's cloistered, it's arrogant, it's a design challenge.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3, im \u1eafng, t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t, ki\u00eau h\u00e3nh, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1eed th\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.\n"}
{"en":"Architects love to hate it.\n","vi":"Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 lu\u00f4n gh\u00e9t n\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"One redeeming feature is it's lifted up off the ground and it's got this void, and it's got an empty core kind of in the spirit and that facade very much corporate and federal style.\n","vi":"M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u00f9 l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00e0y nh\u1ea5c kh\u1ecfi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u1ea3ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00e0y, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i l\u00f5i r\u1ed7ng kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0 trong c\u00e1i th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 v\u1ebb b\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t phong c\u00e1ch t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c.\n"}
{"en":"And around that space, the ring is actually galleries.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 bao quanh kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00f2ng th\u1eadt ra l\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"Very, very difficult to mount shows in there.\n","vi":"Th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c show trong \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"When the Hirshhorn opened, Ada Louise Huxstable, the New York Times critic, had some choice words: \"Neo-penitentiary modern.\"\n","vi":"Khi Hirshhorn m\u1edf c\u1eeda, Ada Louise Huxtable, nh\u00e0 ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a New York Yimes, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 v\u00e0i c\u00e2u th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn: \"Ng\u1ee5c t\u00f9 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ki\u1ec3u m\u1edbi.\"\n"}
{"en":"\"A maimed monument and a maimed Mall for a maimed collection.\"\n","vi":"\"M\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e0i t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m t\u00e0n t\u1eadt v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khu th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i t\u00e0n t\u1eadt cho m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp t\u00e0n t\u1eadt.\"\n"}
{"en":"Almost four decades later, how will this building expand for a new progressive program?\n","vi":"G\u1ea7n b\u1ed1n th\u1eadp k\u1ec9 sau, to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u ti\u1ebfn?\n"}
{"en":"Where would it go?\n","vi":"N\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?\n"}
{"en":"It ca n't go in the Mall.\n","vi":"Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u1edf trong khu th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i.\n"}
{"en":"There is no space there.\n","vi":"v\u00ec \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 tr\u1ed1ng.\n"}
{"en":"It ca n't go in the courtyard.\n","vi":"Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u1edf s\u00e2n trong,\n"}
{"en":"It's already taken up by landscape and by sculptures.\n","vi":"\u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 phong c\u1ea3nh v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc chi\u1ebfm ch\u1ed7.\n"}
{"en":"Well there's always the hole.\n","vi":"V\u1eabn c\u00f2n c\u00e1i l\u00f5i \u1edf \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"But how could it take the space of that hole and not be buried in it invisibly?\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0m sao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t h\u00fat trong n\u00f3?\n"}
{"en":"How could it become iconic?\n","vi":"L\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3 mang t\u00ednh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng?\n"}
{"en":"And what language would it take?\n","vi":"V\u00e0 n\u00f3 s\u1ebd mang phong th\u00e1i n\u00e0o?\n"}
{"en":"The Hirshhorn sits among the Mall's monumental institutions.\n","vi":"Hirshhorn n\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a khu th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i.\n"}
{"en":"Most are neoclassical, heavy and opaque, made of stone or concrete.\n","vi":"\u0110a s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 t\u00e2n c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n, n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i t\u0103m x\u00e2y t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 b\u00ea t\u00f4ng.\n"}
{"en":"And the question is, if one inhabits that space, what is the material of the Mall?\n","vi":"C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1eb7t ra l\u00e0, n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 n\u1eb1m trong kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a khu th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\n"}
{"en":"It has to be different from the buildings there.\n","vi":"n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"It has to be something entirely different.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t.\n"}
{"en":"It has to be air.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed.\n"}
{"en":"In our imagination, it has to be light.\n","vi":"Trong tr\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng.\n"}
{"en":"(Video) So this is the big idea.\n","vi":"(Video) V\u1eady \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn.\n"}
{"en":"It's a giant airbag.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00fai kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3.\n"}
{"en":"The expansion takes the shape of its container and it oozes out wherever it can -- the top and sides.\n","vi":"n\u1edf ra theo h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt ch\u1ee9a v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00ec h\u01a1i khi n\u00e0o c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c - - qua \u0111\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t b\u00ean.\n"}
{"en":"But more poetically, we like to think of the structure as inhaling the democratic air of the Mall, bringing it into itself.\n","vi":"N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch l\u00e3ng m\u1ea1n h\u01a1n, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n nh\u00ecn ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111ang h\u00edt th\u1edf trong b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a khu th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i cho ch\u00ednh n\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"The before and the after.\n","vi":"Tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau.\n"}
{"en":"It was dubbed \"the bubble\" by the press.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o ch\u00ed g\u00e1n cho c\u00e1i t\u00ean \"bong b\u00f3ng\".\n"}
{"en":"That was the lounge.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ea3nh.\n"}
{"en":"It's basically one big volume of air that just oozes out in every direction.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00ec ra theo b\u1ea5t k\u00ec h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0o.\n"}
{"en":"The membrane is translucent.\n","vi":"M\u00e0ng b\u1ecdc xung quanh xuy\u00ean th\u1ea5u.\n"}
{"en":"It's made of silcon - coated glass fiber.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb k\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 silicon.\n"}
{"en":"And it's inflated twice a year for one month at a time.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 ph\u1ed3ng l\u00ean hai l\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t n\u0103m, m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n k\u00e9o d\u00e0i m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng.\n"}
{"en":"This is the view from the inside.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 quang c\u1ea3nh nh\u00ecn t\u1eeb b\u00ean trong.\n"}
{"en":"So you might have been wondering how in the world did we get this approved by the federal government.\n","vi":"C\u00f3 l\u1ebd b\u1ea1n \u0111ang th\u1eafc m\u1eafc l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o m\u00e0 c\u00e1i n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy\u1ec7t b\u1edfi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7.\n"}
{"en":"It had to be approved by actually two agencies.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 th\u1ef1c ra ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd b\u1edfi hai c\u01a1 quan.\n"}
{"en":"And one is there to preserve the dignity and sanctity of the Mall.\n","vi":"Trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 quan l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 v\u1ebb nghi\u00eam trang c\u1ee7a khu th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i.\n"}
{"en":"It is yours to interpret.\n","vi":"Tu\u1ef3 b\u1ea1n phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch n\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"But one thing I can say is that it's a combination of iconoclasm and adoration.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t tu\u00e2n nh\u1eefng quan ni\u1ec7m c\u0169 k\u0129 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n vinh.\n"}
{"en":"There was also some creative interpretation involved.\n","vi":"Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u th\u00fa v\u1ecb.\n"}
{"en":"The Congressional Buildings Act of 1910 limits the height of buildings in D.C.\n","vi":"\u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt To\u00e0 nh\u00e0 Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i (Congressional Buildings Act) v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1910 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 \u1edf D. C.\n"}
{"en":"to 130 feet, except for spires, towers, domes and minarets.\n","vi":"t\u1edbi 130 feet, tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 xo\u1eafn \u1ed1c, th\u00e1p, m\u00e1i v\u00f2m, th\u00e1p H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o.\n"}
{"en":"This pretty much exempts monuments of the church and state.\n","vi":"\u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 th\u1edd v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a bang.\n"}
{"en":"And the bubble is 153 ft.\n","vi":"C\u00f2n \"Bong b\u00f3ng\" cao 153 ft.\n"}
{"en":"That's the Pantheon next to it.\n","vi":"g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec1n Pantheon b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh.\n"}
{"en":"It's about 1.2 million cubic feet of compressed air.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 g\u1ed3m kho\u1ea3ng 1.2 tri\u1ec7u kh\u1ed1i kh\u00ed n\u00e9n.\n"}
{"en":"And so we argued it on the merits of being a dome.\n","vi":"V\u00ec v\u1eady ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh cho n\u00f3 tr\u00ean danh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00e1i v\u00f2m.\n"}
{"en":"So there it is, very stately, among all the stately buildings in the Mall.\n","vi":"V\u1eady n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e2y, oai nghi\u00eam, gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 oai nghi\u00eam trong khu th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i.\n"}
{"en":"And while this Hirshhorn is not landmarked, it's very, very historically sensitive.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 cho d\u00f9 Hirshhorn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m m\u1ed1c, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t di t\u00edch nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i.\n"}
{"en":"And so we could n't really touch its surfaces.\n","vi":"v\u00e0 v\u00ec v\u1eady ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"We could n't leave any traces behind.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft n\u00e0o.\n"}
{"en":"So we strained it from the edges, and we held it by cables.\n","vi":"V\u1eady n\u00ean ch\u00fang t\u00f4i k\u00e9o c\u0103ng n\u00f3 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c b\u00ean, v\u00e0 gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng d\u00e2y c\u00e1p.\n"}
{"en":"It's a study of some bondage techniques, which are actually very important because it's hit by wind all the time.\n","vi":"Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i k\u0129 thu\u1eadt bu\u1ed9c d\u00e2y, m\u00e0 th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 r\u1ea5t, r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 lu\u00f4n b\u1ecb gi\u00f3 \u0111\u1eadp v\u00e0o.\n"}
{"en":"There's one permanent steel ring at the top, but it ca n't be seen from any vantage point on the Mall.\n","vi":"C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 \u1edf tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec3m thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i n\u00e0o trong khu th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i.\n"}
{"en":"There are also some restrictions about how much it could be lit.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eafp s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c n\u00e0o.\n"}
{"en":"It glows from within, it's translucent.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 ph\u00e1t s\u00e1ng t\u1eeb b\u00ean trong, n\u00f3 xuy\u00ean th\u1ea5u.\n"}
{"en":"But it ca n't be more lit than the Capitol or some of the monuments.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e1ng h\u01a1n to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh.\n"}
{"en":"So it's down the hierarchy on lighting.\n","vi":"V\u1eady th\u1eafp s\u00e1ng ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ee9 b\u1eadc.\n"}
{"en":"So it comes to the site twice a year.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y hai l\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t n\u0103m.\n"}
{"en":"It's taken off the delivery truck.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y xu\u1ed1ng xe t\u1ea3i.\n"}
{"en":"It's hoisted.\n","vi":"\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o l\u00ean.\n"}
{"en":"And then it's inflated with this low - pressure air.\n","vi":"v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u01a1m ph\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi kh\u00ed \u00e1p su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p.\n"}
{"en":"And then it's restrained with the cables.\n","vi":"r\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng d\u00e2y c\u00e1p.\n"}
{"en":"And then it's ballasted with water at the very bottom.\n","vi":"v\u00e0 d\u1eb1n l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y.\n"}
{"en":"This is a very strange moment where we were asked by the bureaucracy at the Mall how much time would it take to install.\n","vi":"C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m r\u1ea5t l\u1ea1 khi nh\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c tr\u00e1ch \u1edf khu th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u1ecfi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t th\u1eddi gian bao l\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t.\n"}
{"en":"And we said, well the first erection would take one week.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i n\u00f3i l\u1ea7n d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n.\n"}
{"en":"And they really connected with that idea.\n","vi":"v\u00e0 h\u1ecd th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"And then it was really easy all the way through.\n","vi":"Sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ecdi chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng.\n"}
{"en":"So we did n't really have that many hurdles, I have to say, with the government and all the authorities.\n","vi":"Th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i l\u1eafm, ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n.\n"}
{"en":"But some of the toughest hurdles have been the technical ones.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n k\u0129 thu\u1eadt.\n"}
{"en":"This is a point cloud.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y nh\u1ecdn.\n"}
{"en":"There are extreme pressures.\n","vi":"C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u00e1p l\u1ef1c c\u1ef1c l\u1edbn.\n"}
{"en":"This is a very, very unusual building in that there's no gravity load, but there's load in every direction.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh r\u1ea5t l\u1ea1 th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c n\u1eb7ng do tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c \u00e9p t\u1eeb m\u1ecdi ph\u00eda.\n"}
{"en":"And I'm just going to zip through these slides.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i s\u1ebd qua nhanh c\u00e1c slide n\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"And this is the space in action.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.\n"}
{"en":"So flexible interior for discussions, just like this, but in the round -- luminous and reconfigurable.\n","vi":"N\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t linh \u0111\u1ed9ng cho c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn, nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n - - \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eafp s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e1o d\u1ee1, l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t\n"}
{"en":"Could be used for anything, for performances, films, for installations.\n","vi":"C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng cho m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9, tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n, chi\u1ebfu phim, tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m.\n"}
{"en":"And the very first program will be one of cultural dialogue and diplomacy organized in partnership with the Council on Foreign Relations.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean s\u1ebd l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i giao v\u1ec1 v\u0103n ho\u00e1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Quan h\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (Council of Foreign Relations).\n"}
{"en":"Form and content are together here.\n","vi":"H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung h\u00e0i ho\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y.\n"}
{"en":"The ideals of participatory democracy are represented through suppleness rather than rigidity.\n","vi":"\u00dd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 kh\u00e1ch quan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n qua s\u1ef1 m\u1ec1m d\u1ebbo h\u01a1n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc.\n"}
{"en":"Art and politics occupy an ambiguous site outside the museum walls, but inside of the museum's core, blending its air with the democratic air of the Mall.\n","vi":"Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng ranh gi\u1edbi b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng, nh\u01b0ng b\u00ean trong l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng, ho\u00e0 tr\u1ed9n kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1edbi b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a khu th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i.\n"}
{"en":"And the bubble will inflate hopefully for the first time at the end of 2013.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 bong b\u00f3ng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ph\u1ed3ng l\u00ean mong r\u1eb1ng l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 2013.\n"}
{"en":"Guys, we have an issue.\n","vi":"C\u00e1c b\u1ea1n, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.\n"}
{"en":"(Laughter) Growth is fading away, and it's a big deal.\n","vi":"(C\u01b0\u1eddi) T\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf ch\u1eefng l\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1edbn.\n"}
{"en":"Our global economy stops growing.\n","vi":"N\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ng\u1eebng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng.\n"}
{"en":"And it's not new.\n","vi":"Chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng m\u1edbi.\n"}
{"en":"Growth has actually declined for the last 50 years.\n","vi":"S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u1eadt ra \u0111ang ch\u1eadm l\u1ea1i trong su\u1ed1t 50 n\u0103m qua.\n"}
{"en":"If we continue like this, we need to learn how to live in a world with no growth in the next decade.\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu c\u1ee9 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng trong m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ng\u1eebng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng trong th\u1eadp ni\u00ean t\u1edbi.\n"}
{"en":"This is scary because when the economy does n't grow, our children do n't get better lives.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3 v\u00ec khi n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, con ch\u00e1u ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng no \u0111\u1ee7.\n"}
{"en":"What's even scarier is that when the pie does not grow, each of us get a smaller piece.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3 h\u01a1n l\u00e0, n\u1ebfu c\u00e1i b\u00e1nh kinh t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng to ra, th\u00ec ph\u1ea7n b\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta nh\u1ecf l\u1ea1i.\n"}
{"en":"We're then ready to fight for a bigger one.\n","vi":"Ta ph\u1ea3i chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u kh\u1ed1c li\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n to h\u01a1n.\n"}
{"en":"This creates tensions and serious conflicts.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng s\u1ee9c \u00e9p v\u00e0 xung \u0111\u1ed9t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng.\n"}
{"en":"Growth matters a lot.\n","vi":"T\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng.\n"}
{"en":"If we look at the history of growth, times of big growth have always been fueled by big manufacturing revolutions.\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng, nh\u1eefng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ea1nh lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u1edbn.\n"}
{"en":"It happened three times, every 50 - 60 years.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra ba l\u1ea7n, m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n c\u00e1ch nhau 50 - 60 n\u0103m.\n"}
{"en":"The steam engine in the middle of the 19th century, the mass - production model in the beginning of the 20th century -- thanks, Mr. Ford.\n","vi":"\u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 19, c\u01a1 kh\u00ed ho\u00e1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20, C\u1ea3m \u01a1n, Ng\u00e0i Henry Ford.\n"}
{"en":"And the first automation wave in the 1970s.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1970.\n"}
{"en":"Why did these manufacturing revolutions create huge growth in our economies?\n","vi":"T\u1ea1i sao nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1edbn trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf?\n"}
{"en":"Because they have injected huge productivity improvement.\n","vi":"V\u00ec ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t lao \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd.\n"}
{"en":"It's rather simple: in order to grow, you need to be producing more, putting more into our economy.\n","vi":"V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n: \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0o n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf.\n"}
{"en":"This means either more labor or more capital or more productivity.\n","vi":"C\u1ea7n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lao \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n, nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ed1n h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n.\n"}
{"en":"Each time, productivity has been the growth lever.\n","vi":"M\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh.\n"}
{"en":"I'm here today to tell you that we are on the verge of another huge change, and that this change, surprisingly enough, is going to come from manufacturing, again.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y h\u00f4m nay \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1eeda c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbn ti\u1ebfp theo, v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y, s\u1ebd m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb kh\u00e2u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.\n"}
{"en":"It will get us out of our growth slump and it will change radically the way globalization has been shaped over the last decade.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a ch\u00fang ta ra kh\u1ecfi suy tho\u00e1i v\u00e0 n\u00f3 s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 s\u1ef1 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong th\u1eadp k\u1ec9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc.\n"}
{"en":"I'm here to tell you about the amazing fourth manufacturing revolution that is currently underway.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 k\u00ec di\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ea7n 4, m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi.\n"}
{"en":"It's not as if we've done nothing with manufacturing since the last revolution.\n","vi":"\u00dd t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ta ng\u1eebng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc.\n"}
{"en":"Actually, we've made some pretty lame attempts to try to revitalize it.\n","vi":"Th\u1ef1c ra, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 v\u00e0i \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng t\u00e1i sinh n\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"But none of them have been the big overhaul we really need to get us growing again.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u00e0o ta t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn m\u00e0 ta c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1ea1i.\n"}
{"en":"For example, we've tried to relocate our factories offshore in order to reduce cost and take advantage of cheap labor.\n","vi":"V\u00ed d\u1ee5, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eed chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ra n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb.\n"}
{"en":"Not only did this not inspire productivity, but it only saved money for a short period of time, because cheap labor did n't stay cheap for long.\n","vi":"Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ta kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, m\u00e0 ta ch\u1ec9 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ed1n trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn, b\u1edfi v\u00ec, v\u1ec1 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, \"lao \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb\" kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 r\u1ebb.\n"}
{"en":"Then, we've tried to make our factories larger and we specialized them by product.\n","vi":"Sau \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta th\u1eed m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, v\u00e0 ta chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n ho\u00e1 ch\u00fang theo s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.\n"}
{"en":"The idea was that we can make a lot of one product and stockpile it to be sold with demand.\n","vi":"\u00dd t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1eadt nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1n theo nhu c\u1ea7u.\n"}
{"en":"This did help productivity for a while.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian.\n"}
{"en":"But it introduced a lot of rigidities in our supply chain.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 l\u00e0m cho chu\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta r\u1ea5t c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc.\n"}
{"en":"Let's take fashion retail.\n","vi":"V\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u1edf ng\u00e0nh b\u00e1n l\u1ebb qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o.\n"}
{"en":"Traditional clothing companies have built offshore, global, rigid supply chains.\n","vi":"C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o c\u00f3 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng r\u1ea5t c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc.\n"}
{"en":"When fast - fashion competitors like Zara started replenishing their stocks faster from two collections a year to one collection a month, none of them have been able to keep up with the pace.\n","vi":"Khi c\u00e1c h\u00e3ng c\u1ea1nh tranh kh\u00e1c nhanh nh\u1ea1y h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0 Zara, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ed5 sung ngu\u1ed3n h\u00e0ng nhanh h\u01a1n, t\u1eeb hai b\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp m\u1ed7i n\u0103m cho \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t h\u00e3ng n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft k\u1ecbp nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.\n"}
{"en":"Most of them are in great difficulties today.\n","vi":"Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c h\u00e3ng \u0111\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1eb7p kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng.\n"}
{"en":"Yet, with all of their shortcomings, those are the factories we know today.\n","vi":"Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1edf c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ta bi\u1ebft hi\u1ec7n nay.\n"}
{"en":"When you open the doors, they look the same as they did 50 years ago.\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n nh\u00ecn k\u1ef9 l\u1ea1i, ch\u00fang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c g\u00ec 50 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea3.\n"}
{"en":"We've just changed the location, the size, the way they operate.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m, quy m\u00f4 v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.\n"}
{"en":"Can you name anything else that looks the same as it did 50 years ago?\n","vi":"B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 t\u00ean nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 tr\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng 50 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng?\n"}
{"en":"It's crazy.\n","vi":"Th\u1eadt l\u00e0 \u0111i\u00ean r\u1ed3.\n"}
{"en":"We've made all the tweaks to the model that we could, and now we hit its limits.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0m m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang ch\u1ea1m t\u1edbi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n.\n"}
{"en":"After all of our attempts to fix the manufacturing model failed, we thought growth could come from elsewhere.\n","vi":"Sau t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch ta s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, ch\u00fang ta t\u01b0\u1edfng ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf tr\u00ean l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c.\n"}
{"en":"We turned to the tech sector -- there's been quite a lot of innovations there.\n","vi":"Ta quay sang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, ta \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u.\n"}
{"en":"Just to name one: the Internet.\n","vi":"Ch\u1ec9 k\u1ec3 t\u00ean m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9: Internet.\n"}
{"en":"We hoped it could produce growth.\n","vi":"Ta hy v\u1ecdng n\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng.\n"}
{"en":"And indeed, it changed our lives.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00fang th\u1ebf, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.\n"}
{"en":"It made big waves in the media, the service, the entertainment spaces.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng trong truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed.\n"}
{"en":"But it has n't done much for productivity.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 ch\u01b0a gi\u00fap t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u.\n"}
{"en":"Actually, what's surprising is that productivity is on the decline despite all of those innovation efforts.\n","vi":"Th\u1ef1c ra, \u0111i\u1ec1u ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t \u0111ang gi\u1ea3m, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn n\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"Imagine that -- sitting at work, scrolling through Facebook, watching videos on YouTube has made us less productive.\n","vi":"H\u00e3y t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng - ng\u1ed3i v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng, l\u01b0\u1edbt Facebook, xem video tr\u00ean Youtube, ch\u00fang l\u00e0m ta k\u00e9m n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t h\u01a1n.\n"}
{"en":"(Laughter) This is why we are not growing.\n","vi":"(C\u01b0\u1eddi) \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do kinh t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng.\n"}
{"en":"We failed at reinventing the manufacturing space, and large technological innovations have played away from it.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i trong vi\u1ec7c c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng gian s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang ta xao nh\u00e3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"But what if we could combine those forces?\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3?\n"}
{"en":"What if the existing manufacturing and large technological innovation came together to create the next big manufacturing reinvention.\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu n\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ti\u1ebfp theo?\n"}
{"en":"This is the fourth manufacturing revolution, and it's happening right now.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ea7n 4, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra.\n"}
{"en":"Major technologies are entering the manufacturing space, big time.\n","vi":"C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, M\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1edbi!\n"}
{"en":"They will boost industrial productivity by more than a third.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 s\u1ebd c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ba n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.\n"}
{"en":"This is massive, and it will do a lot in creating growth.\n","vi":"Con s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, v\u00e0 s\u1ebd gi\u00fap \u00edch r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u cho t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf.\n"}
{"en":"Let me tell you about some of them.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i s\u1ebd n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 v\u00e0i th\u1ee9 trong \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"Have you already met advanced manufacturing robots?\n","vi":"B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng con robot trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u01b0a?\n"}
{"en":"They are the size of humans, they actually collaborate with them, and they can be programmed in order to perform complex, non-repetitive tasks.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 k\u00edch c\u1ee1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi, Ch\u00fang h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p kh\u00e1c nhau.\n"}
{"en":"Today in our factories, only 8 percent of the tasks are automated.\n","vi":"Trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y hi\u1ec7n nay, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 8% kh\u00e2u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1,\n"}
{"en":"The less complex, the more repetitive ones.\n","vi":"C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00e0ng \u00edt ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, ch\u00fang c\u00e0ng l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i.\n"}
{"en":"It will be 25 percent in 10 years.\n","vi":"Trong 10 n\u0103m t\u1edbi, s\u1ebd l\u00e0 25%.\n"}
{"en":"It means that by 2025, advanced robots will complement workers to be, together, 20 percent more productive, to manufacture 20 percent more outputs, to achieve 20 percent additional growth.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a, t\u1edbi n\u0103m 2025, c\u00e1c robot ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn s\u1ebd thay th\u1ebf c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, v\u00e0 s\u1ebd c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n 20% n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n 20% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, v\u00e0 l\u00e0m kinh t\u1ebf t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00eam 20%.\n"}
{"en":"This is n't some fancy, futuristic idea.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh trong phim vi\u1ec5n t\u01b0\u1edfng,\n"}
{"en":"These robots are working for us right now.\n","vi":"Robot \u0111ang ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 ch\u00fang ta, ngay b\u00e2y gi\u1edd.\n"}
{"en":"Last year in the US, they helped Amazon prepare and ship all the products required for Cyber Monday, the annual peak of online retail.\n","vi":"N\u0103m ngo\u00e1i t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9, ch\u00fang gi\u00fap Amazon chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng cho ng\u00e0y Cyber Monday, (gi\u1ed1ng Black Friday) ng\u00e0y m\u00e0 ta mua h\u00e0ng qua m\u1ea1ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t.\n"}
{"en":"Last year in the US, it was the biggest online shopping day of the year and of history.\n","vi":"Cyber Monday n\u0103m ngo\u00e1i, \u1edf M\u1ef9, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c v\u00f4 ti\u1ec1n kho\u00e1ng h\u1eadu v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t.\n"}
{"en":"Consumers spent 3 billion dollars on electronics that day.\n","vi":"3 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi ra h\u00f4m \u0111\u00f3 cho vi\u1ec7c mua s\u1eafm c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed.\n"}
{"en":"That's real economic growth.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1.\n"}
{"en":"Then there's additive manufacturing, 3D printing.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 in 3D.\n"}
{"en":"3D printing has already improved plastic manufacturing and it's now making its way through metal.\n","vi":"C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh trong vi\u1ec7c \"in\" ch\u1ea5t d\u1ebbo, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u kim lo\u1ea1i.\n"}
{"en":"Those are not small industries.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u1edbn.\n"}
{"en":"Plastic and metals represent 25 percent of global manufacturing production.\n","vi":"S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5t d\u1ebbo v\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i chi\u1ebfm 25% trong t\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.\n"}
{"en":"Let's take a real example.\n","vi":"H\u00e3y l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 t\u1eeb th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.\n"}
{"en":"In the aerospace industry, fuel nozzles are some of the most complex parts to manufacture, for one reason: they are made up of 20 different parts that need to be separately produced and then painstakingly assembled.\n","vi":"Trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, \u1ed1ng phun nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u1ea5t, v\u00ec l\u00fd do sau: n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp r\u00e1p b\u1edfi 20 chi ti\u1ebft kh\u00e1c nhau, ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ri\u00eang r\u1ebd v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp r\u00e1p c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn l\u1ea1i.\n"}
{"en":"Aerospace companies are now using 3 D printing, which allows them to turn those 20 different parts into just one.\n","vi":"C\u00e1c t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n trong ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt in 3D, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t 20 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ri\u00eang r\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 trong m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n \"in.\"\n"}
{"en":"The results?\n","vi":"K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u00ec sao?\n"}
{"en":"40 percent more productivity, 40 percent more output produced, 40 percent more growth for this specific industry.\n","vi":"N\u0103ng su\u1ea5t t\u0103ng 40%, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n 40% s\u1ed1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00eam 40% cho ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"But actually, the most exciting part of this new manufacturing revolution goes much beyond productivity.\n","vi":"Th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1, \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u00fa v\u1ecb nh\u1ea5t trong cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00e0y v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa kh\u1ecfi vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t.\n"}
{"en":"It's about producing better, smarter products.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, th\u00f4ng minh h\u01a1n.\n"}
{"en":"It's about scale customization.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1n c\u00e2n th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.\n"}
{"en":"Imagine a world where you can buy the exact products you want with the functionalities you need, with the design you want, with the same cost and lead time as a product that's been mass produced, like your car, or your clothes or your cell phone.\n","vi":"H\u00e3y t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mua ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n, v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf b\u1ea1n mong mu\u1ed1n, v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t, nh\u01b0 xe \u00f4 t\u00f4, hay qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o, ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.\n"}
{"en":"The new manufacturing revolution makes it possible.\n","vi":"C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang th\u00e0nh hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c.\n"}
{"en":"Advanced robots can be programmed in order to perform any product configuration without any setup time or ramp up.\n","vi":"C\u00e1c robot hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham gia b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 kh\u00e2u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00e0o, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t hay c\u00e1c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c.\n"}
{"en":"3D printers instantaneously produce any customized design.\n","vi":"In 3D gi\u00fap ta ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u1ecdi lo\u1ea1i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t.\n"}
{"en":"We are now able to produce a batch of one product, your product, at the same cost and lead time as a batch of many.\n","vi":"Ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t l\u00f4 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1edbi l\u00f4 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t.\n"}
{"en":"Those are only a few examples of the manufacturing revolution at play.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 cho th\u1ea5y, c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111ang \u1edf ngay \u0111\u00e2y.\n"}
{"en":"Not only will manufacturing become more productive, it will also become more flexible, and those were exactly the elements of growth that we are missing.\n","vi":"Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n, m\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f2n tr\u1edf n\u00ean linh ho\u1ea1t, \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng ta c\u00f2n thi\u1ebfu.\n"}
{"en":"But actually, there are even some bigger implications for all of us when manufacturing will find it s way back into the limelight.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a h\u1ebft, ta s\u1ebd c\u00f2n ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd kh\u00e1c khi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i.\n"}
{"en":"It will create a huge macroeconomic shift.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n trong c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u kinh t\u1ebf v\u0129 m\u00f4.\n"}
{"en":"First, our factories will be relocated into our home markets.\n","vi":"\u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e2n nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"In the world of scale customization, consumer proximity is the new norm.\n","vi":"Trong s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c ngu\u1ed3n cung g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u1edbi.\n"}
{"en":"Then, our factories will be smaller, agile.\n","vi":"Sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u l\u1ea1i, nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n, g\u1ecdn nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n.\n"}
{"en":"Scale does not matter anymore, flexibility does.\n","vi":"Quy m\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng n\u1eefa, linh ho\u1ea1t m\u1edbi l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh.\n"}
{"en":"They will be operating on a multi-product, made - to - order basis.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang s\u1ebd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p m\u1ecdi nhu c\u1ea7u.\n"}
{"en":"The change will be drastic.\n","vi":"S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y s\u1ebd mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng.\n"}
{"en":"Globalization will enter a new era.\n","vi":"To\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 s\u1ebd b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean m\u1edbi.\n"}
{"en":"The East - to - West trade flows will be replaced by regional trade flows.\n","vi":"C\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i xuy\u00ean ch\u00e2u l\u1ee5c, s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft theo v\u00f9ng,\n"}
{"en":"East for East, West for West.\n","vi":"Ch\u00e2u \u00c1 - Ch\u00e2u \u00c1; Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u - Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u.\n"}
{"en":"When you think about that, the old model was pretty much insane.\n","vi":"Khi b\u1ea1n ngh\u0129 l\u1ea1i, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u0169 th\u1eadt \u0111i\u00ean r\u1ed3.\n"}
{"en":"Piling up stocks, making products travel the whole world before they reach their end consumers.\n","vi":"B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng v\u00e0o kho v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, r\u1ed3i ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i ch\u00fang to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ebfn tay kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng.\n"}
{"en":"The new model, producing just next to the consumer market, will be much cleaner, much better for our environment.\n","vi":"Trong m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u1edbi, vi\u1ec7c ngu\u1ed3n cung r\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5, s\u1ebd an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.\n"}
{"en":"In mature economies, manufacturing will be back home, creating more employment, more productivity and more growth.\n","vi":"Trong c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1ebd quay v\u1ec1 s\u00e2n nh\u00e0, t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m h\u01a1n, n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n.\n"}
{"en":"Good news, is n't it?\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 tin t\u1ed1t, ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng?\n"}
{"en":"But here's the thing with growth -- it does not come automatically.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1edbi t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn.\n"}
{"en":"Mature economies will have to seize it.\n","vi":"C\u00e1c n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"We'll have to massively re-train our workforce.\n","vi":"Ta c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o l\u1ea1i l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn.\n"}
{"en":"In most countries, like in my country, France, we've told our children that manufacturing had no future.\n","vi":"\u1ede h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0 Ph\u00e1p - l\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i d\u1ea1y b\u1ecdn tr\u1ebb r\u1eb1ng, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.\n"}
{"en":"That it was something happening far away.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 qu\u00e1 c\u0169 k\u1ef9 r\u1ed3i.\n"}
{"en":"We need to reverse that and teach manufacturing again at university.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 d\u1ea1y c\u00e1c m\u00f4n v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1edf b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc.\n"}
{"en":"Only the countries that will boldly transform will be able to seize this growth.\n","vi":"Ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"It's also a chance for developing economies.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.\n"}
{"en":"Of course China and other emerging economies wo n't be the factory of the world anymore.\n","vi":"T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng x\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u1eefa.\n"}
{"en":"Actually, it was not a sustainable model in the long term, as those countries are becoming richer.\n","vi":"Th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 th\u00ec, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai xa, khi c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean gi\u00e0u h\u01a1n.\n"}
{"en":"Last year, it was already as expensive to produce in Brazil as to produce in France.\n","vi":"N\u0103m ngo\u00e1i, gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1edf Brazil \u0111\u1eaft ngang v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p.\n"}
{"en":"By 2018, manufacturing costs in China will be on par with the US.\n","vi":"Cho t\u1edbi n\u0103m 2018, gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd \u0111\u1eaft ngang v\u1edbi M\u1ef9.\n"}
{"en":"The new manufacturing revolution will accelerate the transition of those emerging economies towards a model driven by domestic consumption.\n","vi":"Cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi s\u1ebd t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n giao c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i n\u00e0y t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u1edbi, chi\u1ebfm l\u0129nh b\u1edfi vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc.\n"}
{"en":"And this is good, because this is where growth will be created.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 tin t\u1ed1t, b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra.\n"}
{"en":"In the next five years, the next billion consumers in China will inject more growth in our economies than the top five European markets together.\n","vi":"Trong 5 n\u0103m t\u1edbi, h\u00e0ng t\u1ef7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n n\u0103m n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u00e2u \u00c2u c\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i.\n"}
{"en":"This fourth manufacturing revolution is a chance for all of us.\n","vi":"Cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ea7n 4 l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta.\n"}
{"en":"If we play it right, we'll see sustainable growth in all of our economies.\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu ta t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i, ta s\u1ebd c\u00f3 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf.\n"}
{"en":"This means more wealth distributed to all of us and a better future for our children.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a ch\u00fang ta gi\u00e0u h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 con ch\u00e1u ta s\u1ebd c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.\n"}
{"en":"This is the Hogeweyk.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u00e3o Hogeweyk.\n"}
{"en":"It's a neighborhood in a small town very near Amsterdam, in the Netherlands.\n","vi":"N\u1eb1m trong m\u1ed9t th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n nh\u1ecf r\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n Amsterdam, t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 Lan.\n"}
{"en":"There are 27 houses for six, seven people each.\n","vi":"G\u1ed3m 27 c\u0103n nh\u00e0, m\u1ed7i c\u0103n c\u00f3 s\u00e1u \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea3y ng\u01b0\u1eddi.\n"}
{"en":"There's a small mall with a restaurant, a pub, a supermarket, a club room.\n","vi":"C\u00f3 khu mua s\u1eafm nh\u1ecf g\u1ed3m nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng, qu\u00e1n r\u01b0\u1ee3u, si\u00eau th\u1ecb v\u00e0 club.\n"}
{"en":"There are streets, alleys, there's a theater.\n","vi":"C\u00f3 c\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1, nh\u1eefng con h\u1ebbm v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t r\u1ea1p chi\u1ebfu phim.\n"}
{"en":"It actually is a nursing home.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y th\u1eadt ra l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u00e3o.\n"}
{"en":"A nursing home for people that live with an advanced dementia and that need 24 - 7 care and support.\n","vi":"D\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0 b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t tr\u00ed nh\u1edb tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 24 \/ 7.\n"}
{"en":"It's getting to be a major problem in the world, for the people, for the politicians, for the world -- it's getting to be a big problem.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 \u0111ang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1edbn tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1edbn.\n"}
{"en":"We see that we have waiting lists in the nursing homes.\n","vi":"Danh s\u00e1ch ch\u1edd v\u00e0o c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u00e3o ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t d\u00e0i.\n"}
{"en":"Most people that come to the nursing homes with dementia are women.\n","vi":"H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7n v\u00ec m\u1ea5t tr\u00ed nh\u1edb l\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef.\n"}
{"en":"And that's also because women are used to taking care of people, so they can manage to take care of their husband with dementia, but the other way around is not so easy for the gentlemen.\n","vi":"V\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 quen v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ch\u0103m s\u00f3c khi ch\u1ed3ng m\u1ea5t tr\u00ed nh\u1edb c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ea1i, s\u1ebd ch\u1eb3ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng g\u00ec v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng.\n"}
{"en":"Dementia is a disease that affects the brain.\n","vi":"Ch\u1ee9ng m\u1ea5t tr\u00ed nh\u1edb l\u00e0 c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e3o b\u1ed9.\n"}
{"en":"The brain is confused.\n","vi":"N\u00e3o b\u1ecb r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n.\n"}
{"en":"People do n't know anymore what the time is, what's going on, who people are.\n","vi":"Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n bi\u1ebft gi\u1edd gi\u1ea5c, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 ai.\n"}
{"en":"They're very confused.\n","vi":"H\u1ecd r\u1ea5t b\u1ed1i r\u1ed1i.\n"}
{"en":"And because of that confusion, they get to be anxious, depressed, aggressive.\n","vi":"T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ed1i r\u1ed1i \u1ea5y khi\u1ebfn h\u1ecd lo s\u1ee3, tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m, c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c.\n"}
{"en":"This is a traditional nursing home.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u00e3o truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng.\n"}
{"en":"I worked there in 1992. I was a care manager.\n","vi":"N\u01a1i t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u0103m s\u00f3c v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1992.\n"}
{"en":"And we often spoke together about the fact that what we were doing there was not what we wanted for our parents, for our friends, for ourselves.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e2m s\u1ef1 v\u1edbi nhau v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt r\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111ang l\u00e0m \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0a b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed, b\u1ea1n b\u00e8, v\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7n.\n"}
{"en":"And one day, we said, \"When we keep on saying this, nothing is going to change.\n","vi":"R\u1ed3i m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i n\u00f3i: '' Ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i su\u00f4ng th\u00f4i, s\u1ebd ch\u1eb3ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec.\n"}
{"en":"We are in charge here.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y.\n"}
{"en":"We should do something about this, so that we do want to have our parents here. \"\n","vi":"V\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mu\u1ed1n cha m\u1eb9 m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y \u1edf. ''\n"}
{"en":"We talked about that, and what we saw every day was that the people that lived in our nursing home were confused about their environment, because what they saw was a hospital - like environment, with doctors and nurses and paramedics in uniform, and they lived on a ward.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 n\u00f3, m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y, khi nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng v\u00ec h\u1ecd ngh\u0129 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c g\u00ec m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n. n\u01a1i b\u00e1c s\u0129, y t\u00e1 v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean y t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec1u m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u1ee5c, c\u00f2n h\u1ecd s\u1ed1ng trong ph\u00f2ng b\u1ec7nh.\n"}
{"en":"And they did n't understand why they lived there.\n","vi":"H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft t\u1ea1i sao m\u00ecnh l\u1ea1i \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y.\n"}
{"en":"And they looked for the place to get away.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed1n tho\u00e1t.\n"}
{"en":"They looked and hoped to find the door to go home again.\n","vi":"H\u1ecd t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm v\u00e0 hy v\u1ecdng t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ed1i tho\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0.\n"}
{"en":"And we said what we are doing in this situation is offering these people that already have a confused brain some more confusion.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00ecnh l\u00e0m trong t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 khi\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n n\u00e3o th\u00eam r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n.\n"}
{"en":"We were adding confusion to confusion.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ed5 th\u00eam d\u1ea7u v\u00e0o l\u1eeda.\n"}
{"en":"And that was not what these people needed.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n mu\u1ed1n.\n"}
{"en":"These people wanted to have a life, and the help, our help, to deal with that dementia.\n","vi":"Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y, h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, mu\u1ed1n ch\u00fang t\u00f4i gi\u00fap h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh m\u1ea5t tr\u00ed nh\u1edb.\n"}
{"en":"These people wanted to live in a normal house, not in a ward.\n","vi":"H\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n s\u1ed1ng trong m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n.\n"}
{"en":"They wanted to have a normal household, where they would smell their dinner on the stove in the kitchen.\n","vi":"H\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u01a1i h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u1eedi th\u1ea5y b\u1eefa t\u1ed1i trong b\u1ebfp.\n"}
{"en":"Or be free to go to the kitchen and grab something to eat or drink.\n","vi":"Hay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 do xu\u1ed1ng b\u1ebfp, t\u00ecm th\u1ee9 g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 \u0103n ho\u1eb7c u\u1ed1ng.\n"}
{"en":"That's what these people needed.\n","vi":"\u0110\u1ea5y l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n.\n"}
{"en":"And that's what we should organize for them.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean l\u00e0m cho h\u1ecd.\n"}
{"en":"And we said we should organize this like at home, so they would n't live with a group of 15 or 20 or 30, like in a ward.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh n\u00ean bi\u1ebfn n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0, \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng s\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 trong ph\u00f2ng v\u1edbi 15, 20 hay 30 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eefa.\n"}
{"en":"No, a small group of people, six or seven, family - like.\n","vi":"M\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m nh\u1ecf, g\u1ed3m ch\u1ec9 s\u00e1u, b\u1ea3y ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u01b0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh.\n"}
{"en":"Like living with friends.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f9ng b\u1ea1n b\u00e8.\n"}
{"en":"And we should find a way to select people based on their ideas about life so that they did have a good chance to become friends, when they lived together.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n nh\u00f3m m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh b\u1ea1n, khi s\u1ed1ng c\u00f9ng nhau.\n"}
{"en":"And we interviewed all the families of the residents about \"what is important for your father,\" \"what's important for your mother,\" \"what is their life like,\" \"what do they want.\"\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecfi gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \"\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi cha b\u1ea1n?\", '' \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi m\u1eb9 b\u1ea1n? '' \"H\u1ecd th\u00edch cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?\", \"H\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec?\"\n"}
{"en":"And we found seven groups, and we call them lifestyle groups.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u00e2n ra b\u1ea3y nh\u00f3m v\u00e0 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m theo l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng.\n"}
{"en":"And for instance, we found this formal lifestyle.\n","vi":"Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y nh\u00f3m l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng trang tr\u1ecdng.\n"}
{"en":"In this lifestyle, people have a more formal way of interacting with each other, a distant way.\n","vi":"Theo l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi giao ti\u1ebfp m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch trang tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 gi\u1eef kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch.\n"}
{"en":"Their daily rhythm starts later in the day, ends later in the day.\n","vi":"Nh\u1ecbp s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac tr\u1ec5.\n"}
{"en":"Classical music is more heard in this lifestyle group than in other lifestyle groups.\n","vi":"H\u1ecd th\u00edch nghe nh\u1ea1c c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng nh\u00f3m kh\u00e1c.\n"}
{"en":"And their menu, well, is more French cuisine than traditional Dutch.\n","vi":"Trong th\u1ef1c \u0111\u01a1n, h\u1ecd chu\u1ed9ng m\u00f3n Ph\u00e1p h\u01a1n m\u00f3n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng H\u00e0 Lan.\n"}
{"en":"(Laughter) In contrary to the craftsman lifestyle.\n","vi":"(C\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn) Tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ee3 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng.\n"}
{"en":"That's a very traditional lifestyle, and they get up early in the morning, go to bed early, because they have worked hard their whole life, mostly with their hands, very often had a very small family business, a small farm, a shop, or like Mr. B, he was a farmhand.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng r\u1ea5t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. h\u1ecd th\u1ee9c d\u1eady s\u1edbm v\u00e0 \u0111i ng\u1ee7 s\u1edbm, b\u1edfi h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tay ch\u00e2n ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 kinh doanh nh\u1ecf theo gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u00f4ng tr\u1ea1i nh\u1ecf, m\u1ed9t c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng. nh\u01b0 Mr. B l\u00e0 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n.\n"}
{"en":"And he told me that he would go to his work every morning with a paper bag with his lunch and one cigar.\n","vi":"\u00d4ng chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00f4ng tr\u1ea1i v\u00e0o m\u1ed7i s\u00e1ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t t\u00fai c\u01a1m tr\u01b0a v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ebfu x\u00ec g\u00e0.\n"}
{"en":"That one cigar was the only luxury he could afford for himself.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ebfu x\u00ec g\u00e0 l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 xa x\u1ec9 duy nh\u1ea5t \u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 mua cho m\u00ecnh.\n"}
{"en":"And after lunch, he would have that one cigar.\n","vi":"\u0102n tr\u01b0a xong, \u00f4ng s\u1ebd h\u00fat \u0111i\u1ebfu x\u00ec g\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5y.\n"}
{"en":"And until the day he died in the Hogeweyk, he was in this little shed, every day, after lunch, to smoke his cigar.\n","vi":"Cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi qua \u0111\u1eddi t\u1ea1i Hogeweyk, m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y, \u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u1ed3i trong nh\u00e0 kho nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00fat x\u00ec g\u00e0.\n"}
{"en":"This is my mother.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1eb9 t\u00f4i.\n"}
{"en":"She's of the cultural lifestyle, she's been living in the Hogeweyk six weeks now.\n","vi":"Thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng v\u0103n ho\u00e1, b\u00e0 \u1edf Hogeweyk \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e1u tu\u1ea7n.\n"}
{"en":"And that lifestyle is about traveling, meeting other people, other cultures, interest in arts and music.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m th\u00edch du l\u1ecbch, g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, m\u1ecdi n\u1ec1n v\u0103n ho\u00e1, h\u1ee9ng th\u00fa v\u1edbi ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c.\n"}
{"en":"There are more lifestyles.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00f3m kh\u00e1c.\n"}
{"en":"But that's what we talked about, and that's what we did.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m.\n"}
{"en":"There's more in life, everybody wants fun in life and a meaningful life.\n","vi":"Cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n th\u1ebf, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00edch c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ni\u1ec1m vui v\u00e0 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd ngh\u0129a.\n"}
{"en":"We are social animals -- we need a social life.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng b\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e0n, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.\n"}
{"en":"And that's what we started.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i.\n"}
{"en":"We want to go out of our house and do some shopping, and meet other people.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta mu\u1ed1n ra ngo\u00e0i, mua s\u1eafm, v\u00e0 g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi.\n"}
{"en":"Or go to the pub, have a beer with friends.\n","vi":"Hay \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1n r\u01b0\u1ee3u, l\u00e0m v\u00e0i ly v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n b\u00e8.\n"}
{"en":"Or like Mr. W -- he likes to go out every day, see if there are nice ladies around.\n","vi":"nh\u01b0 Mr. W - - \u00f4ng th\u00edch \u0111i ch\u01a1i m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y, t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm nh\u1eefng qu\u00fd b\u00e0 xinh \u0111\u1eb9p.\n"}
{"en":"(Laughter) And he's very courteous to them, and he hopes for smiles and he gets them.\n","vi":"(C\u01b0\u1eddi) \u00d4ng c\u01b0 x\u1eed l\u1ecbch thi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi h\u1ecd, \u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m h\u1ecd c\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u h\u1ecd.\n"}
{"en":"And he dances with them in the pub.\n","vi":"\u00d4ng nh\u1ea3y c\u00f9ng h\u1ecd trong qu\u00e1n r\u01b0\u1ee3u.\n"}
{"en":"It's a feast every day.\n","vi":"M\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1eefa ti\u1ec7c.\n"}
{"en":"There are people that would rather go to the restaurant, have a wine with friends, or lunch or dinner with friends and celebrate life.\n","vi":"C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n th\u00edch \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng h\u01a1n, u\u1ed1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n b\u00e8, \u0103n tr\u01b0a, \u0103n t\u1ed1i v\u00e0 t\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edfng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng.\n"}
{"en":"And my mother, she takes a walk in the park, and sits on a bench in the sun, hoping that a passerby will come and sit next to her and have a conversation about life or about the ducks in the pond.\n","vi":"M\u1eb9 t\u00f4i, b\u00e0 \u1ea5y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i d\u1ea1o trong c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean, ng\u1ed3i t\u1eafm n\u1eafng tr\u00ean b\u0103ng gh\u1ebf, v\u00e0 mong ai \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 ng\u1ed3i c\u1ea1nh, tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi b\u00e0 v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, hay v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng con v\u1ecbt \u0111ang b\u01a1i trong h\u1ed3.\n"}
{"en":"That social life is important.\n","vi":"\u0110\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng.\n"}
{"en":"It means that you're part of society, that you belong.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 n\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"And that's what we people need.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n.\n"}
{"en":"Even if you're living with advanced dementia.\n","vi":"Ngay c\u1ea3 khi b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t tr\u00ed nh\u1edb tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng.\n"}
{"en":"This is what I see from my office window.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec1u \u1ea5y m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y qua c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng.\n"}
{"en":"And one day, I saw a lady coming from one side, and the other lady from the other side, and they met at the corner.\n","vi":"R\u1ed3i m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y, t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t qu\u00fd b\u00e0 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ph\u00eda, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00fd b\u00e0 kh\u00e1c t\u1eeb ph\u00eda kia, g\u1eb7p nhau t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c.\n"}
{"en":"And I knew both ladies very well.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i bi\u1ebft r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y.\n"}
{"en":"I often saw them walking around outside.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y h\u1ecd \u0111i d\u1ea1o \u1edf ngo\u00e0i.\n"}
{"en":"rather hard to understand.\n","vi":"th\u1eadt kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u.\n"}
{"en":"But I saw them meeting, and I saw them talking, and I saw them gesturing.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y h\u1ecd g\u1eb7p nhau, n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi nhau, v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec7u b\u1ed9.\n"}
{"en":"And they had fun together.\n","vi":"C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t vui.\n"}
{"en":"And then they said goodbye, and each went their own way.\n","vi":"R\u1ed3i h\u1ecd t\u1ea1m bi\u1ec7t nhau v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ai n\u1ea5y \u0111i.\n"}
{"en":"And that's what you want in life, meeting other people and being part of society.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n ao \u01b0\u1edbc trong \u0111\u1eddi g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 ho\u00e0 nh\u1eadp x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.\n"}
{"en":"And that's what I saw happening.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00f4i t\u1eadn m\u1eaft th\u1ea5y.\n"}
{"en":"The Hogeweyk has become a place where people with very advanced dementia can live, have freedom and safety, because the professionals working there and the volunteers working there know how to deal with dementia.\n","vi":"Hogeweyk tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u01a1i nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t tr\u00ed tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n, v\u00ec c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n vi\u00ean t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh.\n"}
{"en":"And that means that the management has to provide everything those people need to do their work.\n","vi":"Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ban qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ph\u1ea3i cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 c\u1ea7n cho c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.\n"}
{"en":"It needs a management that dares to do this.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t ban qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u00e1m l\u00e0m\n"}
{"en":"To do things differently than we always have done in a traditional nursing home.\n","vi":"\u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch ta \u0111\u00e3 lu\u00f4n l\u00e0m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u00e3o truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng.\n"}
{"en":"We see that it works.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y n\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.\n"}
{"en":"We think this can be done everywhere, because this is not for the rich.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i cho r\u1eb1ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u1edf b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e2u, Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0u.\n"}
{"en":"We've been doing this with the same budget as any traditional nursing home has in our country.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111ang l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u00ec vi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u00e3o \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta.\n"}
{"en":"We work only with the state budget.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc.\n"}
{"en":"(Applause) Because it has to do with thinking different, and looking at the person in front of you and looking at what does this person need now.\n","vi":"(V\u1ed7 tay) B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ngh\u0129 kh\u00e1c \u0111i, nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea1n, hi\u1ec3u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y c\u1ea7n g\u00ec ngay l\u00fac n\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"And it's about a smile, it's about thinking different, it's about how you act, and that costs nothing.\n","vi":"Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t n\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1eddi, m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i ngh\u0129 kh\u00e1c, c\u00e1ch b\u1ea1n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, ch\u1eb3ng m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t g\u00ec.\n"}
{"en":"And there's something else: it's about making choices.\n","vi":"M\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa, \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn.\n"}
{"en":"It's about making choices what you spend your money on.\n","vi":"L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd d\u00f9ng ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e2u.\n"}
{"en":"I always say, \"Red curtains are as expensive as gray ones.\"\n","vi":"T\u00f4i v\u1eabn th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i: '' M\u00e0n \u0111\u1ecf hay x\u00e1m th\u00ec c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eaft nh\u01b0 nhau ''.\n"}
{"en":"(Laughter) It's possible, everywhere.\n","vi":"(C\u01b0\u1eddi) \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 thi \u1edf b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e2u.\n"}
{"en":"So I'm here to tell you that we have a problem with boys, and it's a serious problem with boys.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00e9 trai v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00e9 trai\n"}
{"en":"Their culture is n't working in schools, and I'm going to share with you ways that we can think about overcoming that problem.\n","vi":"V\u0103n ho\u00e1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c em kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i s\u1ebd chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"First, I want to start by saying, this is a boy, and this is a girl, and this is probably stereotypically what you think of as a boy and a girl.\n","vi":"Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean, t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e9 trai, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e9 g\u00e1i, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 suy ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t b\u00e9 trai v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e9 trai.\n"}
{"en":"If I essentialize gender for you today, then you can dismiss what I have to say.\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu h\u00f4m nay t\u00f4i b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t ho\u00e1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh cho c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n th\u00ec c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nghe t\u00f4i n\u00f3i.\n"}
{"en":"So I'm not going to do that, I'm not interested in doing that.\n","vi":"V\u00ec th\u1ebf t\u00f4i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3; t\u00f4i c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ee9ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"This is a different kind of boy and a different kind of girl.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng b\u00e9 trai v\u00e0 b\u00e9 g\u00e1i kh\u00e1c.\n"}
{"en":"So the point here is that not all boys exist within these rigid boundaries of what we think of as boys and girls, and not all girls exist within those rigid boundaries of what we think of as girls.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi b\u00e9 trai \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong nh\u1eefng khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc c\u1ee7a suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 b\u00e9 trai v\u00e0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 b\u00e9 g\u00e1i, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi b\u00e9 g\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong nh\u1eefng khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc c\u1ee7a suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 b\u00e9 g\u00e1i.\n"}
{"en":"But, in fact, most boys tend to be a certain way, and most girls tend to be a certain way.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng, trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c b\u00e9 trai th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c b\u00e9 g\u00e1i th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.\n"}
{"en":"And the point is that, for boys, the way that they exist and the culture that they embrace is n't working well in schools now.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00e9 trai, c\u00e1ch t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c em v\u00e0 v\u0103n ho\u00e1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c em hi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0103n nh\u1eadp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc.\n"}
{"en":"How do we know that?\n","vi":"L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3?\n"}
{"en":"The 100 girls project tells us some really nice statistics.\n","vi":"D\u1ef1 \u00e1n 100 B\u00e9 G\u00e1i cho ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u r\u1ea5t hay.\n"}
{"en":"For example, for every 100 girls that are suspended from school, there are 250 boys that are suspended from school.\n","vi":"V\u00ed d\u1ee5: C\u1ee9 100 b\u00e9 g\u00e1i b\u1ecb \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 h\u1ecdc, c\u00f3 250 b\u00e9 trai b\u1ecb \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 h\u1ecdc.\n"}
{"en":"For every 100 girls who are expelled from school, there are 335 boys who are expelled from school.\n","vi":"C\u1ee9 100 b\u00e9 g\u00e1i b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed5i h\u1ecdc, c\u00f3 335 b\u00e9 trai b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed5i h\u1ecdc.\n"}
{"en":"For every 100 girls in special education, there are 217 boys.\n","vi":"C\u1ee9 100 b\u00e9 g\u00e1i theo h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 217 b\u00e9 trai.\n"}
{"en":"For every 100 girls with a learning disability, there are 276 boys.\n","vi":"C\u1ee9 100 b\u00e9 g\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, c\u00f3 276 b\u00e9 trai.\n"}
{"en":"For every 100 girls with an emotional disturbance diagnosed, we have 324 boys.\n","vi":"C\u1ee9 100 b\u00e9 g\u00e1i b\u1ecb chu\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n c\u1ea3m x\u00fac, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 324 b\u00e9 trai.\n"}
{"en":"And by the way, all of these numbers are significantly higher if you happen to be black, if you happen to be poor, if you happen to exist in an overcrowded school.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 c\u0169ng xin n\u00f3i lu\u00f4n r\u1eb1ng, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng con s\u1ed1 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u cao h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ebfu ch\u1eb3ng may b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi da \u0111en, n\u1ebfu ch\u1eb3ng may b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o, n\u1ebfu ch\u1eb3ng may b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc \u1edf m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i.\n"}
{"en":"And if you are a boy, you're four times as likely to be diagnosed with ADHD -- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e9 trai, nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb chu\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n ADHD s\u1ebd cao h\u01a1n g\u1ea5p b\u1ed1n l\u1ea7n ADHD - b\u1ec7nh r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1ea3m ch\u00fa \u00fd\n"}
{"en":"Now there is another side to this.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.\n"}
{"en":"And it is important that we recognize that women still need help in school, that salaries are still significantly lower, even when controlled for job types, and that girls have continued to struggle in math and science for years.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ghi nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc, r\u1eb1ng m\u1ee9c l\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eabn \u0111ang r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p, ngay c\u1ea3 khi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p, v\u00e0 r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c b\u00e9 g\u00e1i v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c v\u1eadt l\u1ed9n v\u1edbi m\u00f4n to\u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ed9t t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m nay.\n"}
{"en":"That's all true.\n","vi":"T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00fang.\n"}
{"en":"Nothing about that prevents us from paying attention to the literacy needs of our boys between ages three and 13.\n","vi":"Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u00ean ng\u0103n ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng nhu c\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1eadu b\u00e9 trong \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i 3 - 13 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.\n"}
{"en":"And so we should.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 v\u00ec th\u1ebf ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00fang.\n"}
{"en":"In fact, what we ought to do is take a page from their playbook, because the initiatives and programs that have been set in place for women in science and engineering and mathematics are fantastic.\n","vi":"Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m l\u00e0 l\u1ea5y ra m\u1ed9t trang t\u1eeb quy\u1ebfn s\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c em b\u1edfi c\u00e1c s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n cho ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1eadt tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi.\n"}
{"en":"They've done a lot of good for girls in these situations, and we ought to be thinking about how we can make that happen for boys too in their younger years.\n","vi":"Nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p cho c\u00e1c b\u00e9 g\u00e1i trong nh\u1eefng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 cho c\u00e1c b\u00e9 trai Khi c\u00e1c em c\u00f2n th\u01a1 b\u00e9.\n"}
{"en":"Even in their older years, what we find is that there's still a problem.\n","vi":"Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 khi c\u00e1c em \u0111\u00e3 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, v\u1eabn c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00fang t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y.\n"}
{"en":"When we look at the universities, 60 percent of baccalaureate degrees are going to women now, which is a significant shift.\n","vi":"Khi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, hi\u1ec7n 60% s\u1ed1 b\u1eb1ng c\u1eed nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao cho ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.\n"}
{"en":"And in fact, university administrators are a little uncomfortable about the idea that we may be getting close to 70 percent female population in universities.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111ang c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat khi ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn con s\u1ed1 70% sinh vi\u00ean n\u1eef trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc.\n"}
{"en":"This makes university administrators very nervous, because girls do n't want to go to schools that do n't have boys.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng lo l\u1eafng, b\u1edfi c\u00e1c c\u00f4 g\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n theo h\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 con trai.\n"}
{"en":"And so we're starting to see the establishment of men centers and men studies to think about how do we engage men in their experiences in the university.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng trung t\u00e2m nam gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 nam gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c nam sinh h\u1ee9ng th\u00fa vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc.\n"}
{"en":"Guess what?\n","vi":"B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 bi\u1ebft?\n"}
{"en":"Video games are not the cause.\n","vi":"Tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n.\n"}
{"en":"Video games are a symptom.\n","vi":"Tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng.\n"}
{"en":"They were turned off a long time before they got here.\n","vi":"C\u00e1c em trai \u0111\u00e3 xao nh\u00e3ng trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc.\n"}
{"en":"So let's talk about why they got turned off when they were between the ages of three and 13.\n","vi":"V\u00ec v\u1eady h\u00e3y n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c em tr\u1edf n\u00ean xao nh\u00e3ng khi c\u00e1c em \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i 3 - 13\n"}
{"en":"There are three reasons that I believe that boys are out of sync with the culture of schools today.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i tin r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 ba l\u00fd do cho vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c b\u00e9 trai xao nh\u00e3ng v\u1edbi v\u0103n ho\u00e1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc ng\u00e0y nay.\n"}
{"en":"The first is zero tolerance.\n","vi":"L\u00fd do \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc thi\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 khoan dung.\n"}
{"en":"A kindergarten teacher I know, her son donated all of his toys to her, and when he did, she had to go through and pull out all the little plastic guns.\n","vi":"M\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean nh\u00e0 tr\u1ebb t\u00f4i quen, con trai c\u00f4 t\u1eb7ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f4 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u00f3n \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u01a1i c\u1ee7a c\u1eadu b\u00e9, v\u00e0 khi \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f4 \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3t r\u1ed3i l\u00f4i ra v\u00e0 v\u1ee9t \u0111i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea9u s\u00fang cao su t\u00ed hon.\n"}
{"en":"You ca n't have plastic knives and swords and axes and all that kind of thing in a kindergarten classroom.\n","vi":"B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p c\u00f3 dao, g\u01b0\u01a1m, r\u00ecu cao su v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 trong m\u1ed9t ph\u00f2ng h\u1ecdc nh\u00e0 tr\u1ebb.\n"}
{"en":"What is it that we're afraid that this young man is going to do with this gun?\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta lo s\u1ee3 c\u1eadu b\u00e9 \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m g\u00ec v\u1edbi kh\u1ea9u s\u00fang n\u00e0y?\n"}
{"en":"I mean, really.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i h\u1ecfi th\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea5y.\n"}
{"en":"But here he stands as testament to the fact that you ca n't roughhouse on the playground today.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u1eadu b\u00e9 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf r\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y nay b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh nhau vui \u1edf m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i s\u00e2n ch\u01a1i\n"}
{"en":"Now I'm not advocating for bullies.\n","vi":"Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111ang \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 cho th\u00f3i b\u1eaft n\u1ea1t\n"}
{"en":"I'm not suggesting that we need to be allowing guns and knives in the school.\n","vi":"C\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i cho ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u00fang v\u00e0 dao trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc\n"}
{"en":"But when we say that an Eagle Scout in a high school classroom who has a locked parked car in the parking lot and a penknife in it, has to be suspended from school, I think we may have gone a little too far with zero tolerance.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng khi ch\u00fang ta n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t c\u1eadu b\u00e9 \u0111\u1ea1t c\u1ea5p H\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ea1o sinh \u0110\u1ea1i b\u00e0ng t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc c\u1ea5p ba c\u1eadu b\u00e9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc xe b\u1ecb kho\u00e1 trong t\u1ea1i b\u00e3i \u0111\u1ed7 xe v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con dao nh\u00edp trong \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecb bu\u1ed9c th\u00f4i h\u1ecdc, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 h\u01a1i thi\u1ebfu l\u00f2ng khoan dung th\u00e1i qu\u00e1.\n"}
{"en":"Another way that zero tolerance lives itself out is in the writing of boys.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc thi\u1ebfu l\u00f2ng khoan dung qua vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u0103n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00e9 trai.\n"}
{"en":"You're not allowed to write about anything that has to do with video games.\n","vi":"b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p vi\u1ebft b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec mang t\u00ednh b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p vi\u1ebft b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec\n"}
{"en":"Boy comes home from school, and he says, \"I hate writing.\"\n","vi":"Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a b\u00e9 trai t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0, v\u00e0 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng\n"}
{"en":"\"Why do you hate writing, son?\n","vi":"\"T\u1ea1i sao con l\u1ea1i gh\u00e9t l\u00e0m v\u0103n h\u1ea3 con trai?\n"}
{"en":"What's wrong with writing? \"\n","vi":"C\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00ec v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u0103n v\u1eady? \"\n"}
{"en":"\"Now I have to write what she tells me to write.\"\n","vi":"\"Gi\u1edd th\u00ec con ph\u1ea3i vi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 c\u00f4 b\u1ea3o con vi\u1ebft\".\n"}
{"en":"\"OK, what is she telling you to write?\"\n","vi":"\"\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ed3i, v\u1eady c\u00f4 b\u1ea3o con vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec n\u00e0o?\"\n"}
{"en":"I have to write poems.\n","vi":"Con ph\u1ea3i vi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i th\u01a1.\n"}
{"en":"And little moments in my life.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc nh\u1ecf b\u00e9 trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi con.\n"}
{"en":"I do n't want to write that stuff. \"\n","vi":"Con kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n vi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 \u0111\u00f3 \".\n"}
{"en":"\"Well, what do you want to write?\n","vi":"\"\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ed3i, v\u1eady con mu\u1ed1n vi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec?\n"}
{"en":"What do you want to write about? \"\n","vi":"Con mu\u1ed1n vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 g\u00ec? \"\n"}
{"en":"\"I want to write about video games.\n","vi":"\"Con mu\u1ed1n vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed.\n"}
{"en":"I want to write about leveling - up.\n","vi":"Con mu\u1ed1n vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u0103ng c\u1ea5p.\n"}
{"en":"I want to write about this really interesting world.\n","vi":"Con mu\u1ed1n vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng th\u00fa v\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"I want to write about a tornado that comes into our house and blows all the windows out, and ruins all the furniture and kills everybody. \"\n","vi":"Con mu\u1ed1n vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn v\u00f2i r\u1ed3ng qu\u00e9t qua nh\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta th\u1ed5i tung m\u1ecdi c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 ph\u00e1 n\u00e1t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ea1c v\u00e0 gi\u1ebft h\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \".\n"}
{"en":"\"All right.\n","vi":"\"Th\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ed3i.\n"}
{"en":"OK. \"\n","vi":"\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ed3i \".\n"}
{"en":"You tell a teacher that, and they'll ask you, in all seriousness, \"Should we send this child to the psychologist?\"\n","vi":"B\u1ea1n k\u1ec3 v\u1edbi gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 h\u1ecd s\u1ebd h\u1ecfi b\u1ea1n, v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 nghi\u00eam t\u00fac, r\u1eb1ng \"Li\u1ec7u ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb n\u00e0y t\u1edbi b\u00e1c s\u1ef9 th\u1ea7n kinh kh\u00f4ng?\"\n"}
{"en":"And the answer is no, he's just a boy.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng, \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e9 trai\n"}
{"en":"He's just a little boy.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1eadu b\u00e9 trai m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.\n"}
{"en":"It's not OK to write these kinds of things in classrooms today.\n","vi":"Nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft ra trong c\u00e1c l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n nay.\n"}
{"en":"So that's the first reason: Zero tolerance policies and the way they're lived out.\n","vi":"V\u1eady \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean: nh\u1eefng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh thi\u1ebfu l\u00f2ng khoan dung v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ch\u00fang ta th\u1ef1c thi ch\u00fang.\n"}
{"en":"The next reason that boys' cultures are out of sync with school cultures: there are fewer male teachers.\n","vi":"L\u00fd do ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i v\u00ec sao v\u0103n ho\u00e1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1eadu b\u00e9 kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi v\u0103n ho\u00e1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc: s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean nam qu\u00e1 \u00edt.\n"}
{"en":"Anybody who's over 15 does n't know what this means, because in the last 10 years, the number of elementary school classroom teachers has been cut in half.\n","vi":"B\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai tr\u00ean 15 tu\u1ed5i c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u l\u00fd do c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3, b\u1edfi trong su\u1ed1t 10 n\u0103m qua, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean nam d\u1ea1y ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda.\n"}
{"en":"We went from 14 percent to seven percent.\n","vi":"Con s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m t\u1eeb 14 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n b\u1ea3y ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m.\n"}
{"en":"That means that 93 percent of the teachers that our young men get in elementary classrooms are women.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 93 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m s\u1ed1 gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean d\u1ea1y c\u00e1c c\u1eadu b\u00e9 trai \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef\n"}
{"en":"Now what's the problem with this?\n","vi":"V\u1eady v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\n"}
{"en":"Women are great, yep, absolutely.\n","vi":"Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ea5t tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi.\n"}
{"en":"But male role models for boys that say it's all right to be smart -- they've got dads, they've got pastors, they've got Cub Scout leaders, but ultimately, six hours a day, five days a week they're spending in a classroom, and most of those classrooms are not places where men exist.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng m\u1eabu h\u00ecnh nam gi\u1edbi cho c\u00e1c c\u1eadu b\u00e9 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng th\u00f4ng minh l\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t - - c\u00e1c c\u1eadu b\u00e9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ed1, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb linh m\u1ee5c c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e0n anh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ea1o sinh \u0111\u1ea1t c\u1ea5p S\u00f3i con nh\u01b0ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng th\u00ec, s\u00e1u gi\u1edd m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y, n\u0103m ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n, ch\u00fang \u1edf trong l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc V\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00f3 Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 n\u01a1i nam gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t.\n"}
{"en":"And so they say, I guess this really is n't a place for boys.\n","vi":"V\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a b\u00e9 trai n\u00f3i con \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng h\u1eb3n l\u00e0 n\u01a1i d\u00e0nh cho l\u0169 con trai\n"}
{"en":"And I'm not very good at this, so I guess I'd better go play video games or get into sports, or something like that, because I obviously do n't belong here.\n","vi":"n\u00ean con \u0111o\u00e1n l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n con n\u00ean \u0111i ch\u01a1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed ho\u1eb7c tham gia th\u1ec3 thao, ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, v\u00ec r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 con kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 n\u01a1i n\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"Men do n't belong here, that's pretty obvious.\n","vi":"Nam gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 n\u01a1i n\u00e0y, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1 hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean\n"}
{"en":"So that may be a very direct way that we see it happen.\n","vi":"V\u1eady \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c x\u1ea3y ra.\n"}
{"en":"But less directly, the lack of male presence in the culture -- you've got a teachers' lounge, and they're having a conversation about Joey and Johnny who beat each other up on the playground.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng s\u00e2u xa h\u01a1n vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu v\u1eafng s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nam gi\u1edbi trong v\u0103n ho\u00e1 \u0111\u00f3 - - b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u00f2ng gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean v\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean \u0111ang n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 chuy\u1ec7n Joey v\u00e0 Johnny \u0111\u00e1nh nhau trong s\u00e2n ch\u01a1i\n"}
{"en":"\"What are we going to do with these boys?\"\n","vi":"\"Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd x\u1eed l\u00fd nh\u1eefng th\u1eb1ng b\u00e9 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?\"\n"}
{"en":"The answer to that question changes depending on who's sitting around that table.\n","vi":"C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi cho c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ai \u0111ang ng\u1ed3i quanh b\u00e0n.\n"}
{"en":"Are there men around that table?\n","vi":"C\u00f3 nam gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n quanh b\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng?\n"}
{"en":"Are there moms who've raised boys around that table?\n","vi":"C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng nu\u00f4i d\u1ea1y nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a con trai quanh b\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng? \"\n"}
{"en":"You'll see, the conversation changes depending upon who's sitting around the table.\n","vi":"B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y, cu\u1ed9c tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ai \u0111ang ng\u1ed3i quanh chi\u1ebfc b\u00e0n.\n"}
{"en":"Third reason that boys are out of sync with school today: Kindergarten is the old second grade, folks.\n","vi":"L\u00fd do th\u1ee9 ba l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i v\u00ec sao ng\u00e0y nay c\u00e1c b\u00e9 trai kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0 nh\u1eadp v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc: nh\u00e0 tr\u1ebb l\u00e0 l\u1edbp hai ki\u1ec3u c\u0169, c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n \u1ea1.\n"}
{"en":"We have a serious compression of the curriculum happening out there.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc n\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ed3n n\u00e9n r\u1ea5t ch\u1eb7t ngo\u00e0i kia.\n"}
{"en":"When you're three, you better be able to write your name legibly, or else we'll consider it a developmental delay.\n","vi":"Khi b\u1ea1n l\u00ean ba, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft vi\u1ebft t\u00ean m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ee7 r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd coi b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 ch\u1eadm ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.\n"}
{"en":"By the time you're in first grade, you should be able to read paragraphs of text with maybe a picture, maybe not, in a book of maybe 25 to 30 pages.\n","vi":"Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi v\u00e0o l\u1edbp m\u1ed9t, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c tranh ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00e0y t\u1edbi 25 - 30 trang\n"}
{"en":"If you do n't, we're probably going to be putting you into a Title I special reading program.\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd cho b\u1ea1n v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 Title 1\n"}
{"en":"And if you ask Title I teachers, they'll tell you they've got about four or five boys for every girl that's in their program, in the elementary grades.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Title 1, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd n\u00f3i v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n r\u1eb1ng: v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i b\u00e9 g\u00e1i, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng b\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m b\u00e9 trai trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc.\n"}
{"en":"The reason that this is a problem is because the message that boys are getting is, \"You need to do what the teacher asks you to do all the time.\"\n","vi":"L\u00fd do v\u00ec sao \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u00e9 trai nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng \"con c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n l\u00e0m theo \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y c\u00f4 b\u1ea3o con l\u00e0m\".\n"}
{"en":"The teacher's salary depends on \"No Child Left Behind\" and \"Race to the Top\" and accountability and testing and all of this.\n","vi":"L\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt \"Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb n\u00e0o t\u1ee5t l\u1ea1i\" v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \"\u0110ua tranh \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec9nh\" v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"So she has to figure out a way to get all these boys through this curriculum -- and girls.\n","vi":"B\u1edfi th\u1ebf c\u00f4 gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee9a b\u00e9 trai v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00f3 - - v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00e9 g\u00e1i.\n"}
{"en":"This compressed curriculum is bad for all active kids.\n","vi":"Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc d\u1ed3n n\u00e9n ki\u1ec3u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb hi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9ng.\n"}
{"en":"And what happens is, she says, \"Please, sit down, be quiet, do what you're told, follow the rules, manage your time, focus, be a girl.\"\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u x\u1ea3y ra l\u00e0, c\u00f4 gi\u00e1o n\u00f3i: \"H\u00e3y ng\u1ed3i xu\u1ed1ng \u0111i n\u00e0o, h\u00e3y tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1, l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00f4 b\u1ea3o, tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, thu x\u1ebfp th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, t\u1eadp trung h\u00e3y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a b\u00e9 g\u00e1i\".\n"}
{"en":"That's what she tells them.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f4 gi\u00e1o b\u1ea3o ch\u00fang.\n"}
{"en":"Indirectly, that's what she tells them.\n","vi":"Gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp m\u00e0 n\u00f3i, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f4 gi\u00e1o b\u1ea3o ch\u00fang.\n"}
{"en":"And so this is a very serious problem.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 r\u1ea5t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng.\n"}
{"en":"Where is it coming from?\n","vi":"N\u00f3 n\u1ea3y sinh t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u?\n"}
{"en":"It's coming from us.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 n\u00e0y sinh t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh ch\u00fang ta.\n"}
{"en":"(Laughter) We want our babies to read when they are six months old.\n","vi":"(ti\u1ebfng c\u01b0\u1eddi) Ch\u00fang ta mu\u1ed1n con m\u00ecnh bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecdc khi ch\u00fang s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i.\n"}
{"en":"Have you seen the ads?\n","vi":"B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o ch\u01b0a?\n"}
{"en":"We want to live in Lake Wobegon where every child is above average...\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n s\u1ed1ng \u1edf v\u00f9ng Lake Wobegon n\u01a1i m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u1ecfi h\u01a1n m\u1ee9c b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng.\n"}
{"en":"but what this does to our children is really not healthy.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh v\u1edbi con c\u00e1i ch\u00fang ta.\n"}
{"en":"It's not developmentally appropriate, and it's particularly bad for boys.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t cho c\u00e1c b\u00e9 trai.\n"}
{"en":"So what do we do?\n","vi":"V\u1eady ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y?\n"}
{"en":"We need to meet them where they are.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n g\u1eb7p m\u1eb7t ch\u00fang \u1edf n\u01a1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.\n"}
{"en":"We need to put ourselves into boy culture.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7t b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n v\u00e0o v\u0103n ho\u00e1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00e9 trai.\n"}
{"en":"We need to change the mindset of acceptance in boys in elementary schools.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ed1i suy ngh\u0129 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a b\u00e9 trai \u1edf c\u1ea5p ti\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc.\n"}
{"en":"More specifically, we can do some very specific things.\n","vi":"C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1n, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.\n"}
{"en":"We can design better games.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ra c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u1eefng tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.\n"}
{"en":"Most of the educational games that are out there today are really flashcards.\n","vi":"Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u1edf b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ebb b\u00e0i.\n"}
{"en":"They do n't have the depth, the rich narrative that really engaging video games have, that the boys are really interested in.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u, nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n phong ph\u00fa m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u00f3, v\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn cho c\u00e1c b\u00e9 trai say m\u00ea.\n"}
{"en":"So we need to design better games.\n","vi":"V\u00ec th\u1ebf ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u1eefng tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i hay h\u01a1n.\n"}
{"en":"We need to talk to teachers and parents and school board members and politicians.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 huynh v\u00e0 ban gi\u00e1m hi\u1ec7u c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb gia\n"}
{"en":"We need to make sure that people see that we need more men in the classroom.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n nam gi\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n trong c\u00e1c l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc.\n"}
{"en":"We need to look carefully at our zero tolerance policies.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh thi\u1ebfu khoan dung c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.\n"}
{"en":"Do they make sense?\n","vi":"Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng?\n"}
{"en":"We need to think about how to uncompress this curriculum if we can, trying to bring boys back into a space that is comfortable for them.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ngh\u0129 c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c b\u00e9 trai v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang.\n"}
{"en":"All of those conversations need to be happening.\n","vi":"T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n ra.\n"}
{"en":"There are some great examples out there of schools -- the New York Times just talked about a school recently.\n","vi":"Ngo\u00e0i kia c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc - - t\u1edd New York Times g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y m\u1edbi vi\u1ebft b\u00e0i v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc.\n"}
{"en":"A game designer from the New School put together a wonderful video gaming school.\n","vi":"M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf game t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng New School \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp n\u00ean m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi.\n"}
{"en":"But it only treats a few kids, and so this is n't very scalable.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt tr\u1ebb, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u00e2n r\u1ed9ng.\n"}
{"en":"We have to change the culture and the feelings that politicians and school board members and parents have about the way we accept and what we accept in our schools today.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u0103n ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb gia, ban gi\u00e1m hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 huynh v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u1edf c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n nay.\n"}
{"en":"We need to find more money for game design.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i\n"}
{"en":"Because good games, really good games, cost money, and World of Warcraft has quite a budget.\n","vi":"B\u1eddi nh\u1eefng tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i t\u1ed1t, th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 t\u1ed1t, r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1n ti\u1ec1n, nh\u01b0 tr\u00f2 World of Warcraft c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch kh\u1ed3ng l\u1ed3.\n"}
{"en":"Most of the educational games do not.\n","vi":"Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.\n"}
{"en":"Where we started: my colleagues Mike Petner, Shawn Vashaw, myself, we started by trying to look at the teachers' attitudes and find out how do they really feel about gaming, what do they say about it.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u: nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i - - Mike Petner, Shawn Vashaw, b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n t\u00f4i - - ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng xem x\u00e9t th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean v\u00e0 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecd th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i ch\u01a1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed h\u1ecd n\u00f3i g\u00ec v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"And we discovered that they talk about the kids in their school, who talk about gaming, in pretty demeaning ways.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd chuy\u1ec7n tr\u00f2 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00ecnh, nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i xem th\u01b0\u1eddng.\n"}
{"en":"They say, \"Oh, yeah.\n","vi":"H\u1ecd n\u00f3i: \"\u00d4i v\u00e2ng.\n"}
{"en":"They're always talking about that stuff.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang n\u00f3 l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 th\u1ee9 \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"They're talking about their little action figures and their little achievements or merit badges, or whatever it is that they get.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u01a1i v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u00edch nh\u1ecf b\u00e9 hay nh\u1eefng huy hi\u1ec7u khen th\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, hay b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 th\u1ee9 g\u00ec ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.\n"}
{"en":"And they're always talking about this stuff. \"\n","vi":"V\u00e0 ch\u00fang l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 \u0111\u00f3 \".\n"}
{"en":"And they say these things as if it's OK.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 h\u1ecd n\u00f3i nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00ec.\n"}
{"en":"But if it were your culture, think of how that might feel.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u0103n ho\u00e1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, h\u00e3y ngh\u0129 xem b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.\n"}
{"en":"It's very uncomfortable to be on the receiving end of that kind of language.\n","vi":"Th\u1eadt l\u00e0 kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu khi ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"They're nervous about anything that has anything to do with violence because of the zero tolerance policies.\n","vi":"H\u1ecd lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 th\u1ee9 g\u00ec c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c b\u1edfi ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch thi\u1ebfu khoan dung.\n"}
{"en":"They are sure that parents and administrators will never accept anything.\n","vi":"H\u1ecd ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ee5 huynh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u0169ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 th\u1ee9 g\u00ec.\n"}
{"en":"So we really need to think about looking at teacher attitudes and finding ways to change the attitudes, so that teachers are much more open and accepting of boy cultures in their classrooms.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1ch thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1eefng th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean c\u1edfi m\u1edf h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u0103n ho\u00e1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00e9 trai trong l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc.\n"}
{"en":"Because, ultimately, if we do n't, then we're going to have boys who leave elementary school saying, \"Well I guess that was just a place for girls, it was n't for me.\n","vi":"B\u1edfi v\u00ec, x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng, n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, th\u00ec s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u1eadu b\u00e9 r\u1eddi b\u1ecf tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng, \"Con \u0111o\u00e1n l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i d\u00e0nh cho l\u0169 con g\u00e1i; \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 n\u01a1i d\u00e0nh cho con.\n"}
{"en":"So I've got to do gaming, or I've got to do sports. \"\n","vi":"N\u00ean con ph\u1ea3i \u0111i ch\u01a1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, ho\u1eb7c ch\u01a1i th\u1ec3 thao \".\n"}
{"en":"If we change these things, if we pay attention to these things, and we reengage boys in their learning, they will leave the elementary schools saying, \"I'm smart.\"\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta ch\u00fa \u00fd t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c c\u1eadu b\u00e9 h\u1ee9ng th\u00fa tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c em s\u1ebd t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: \"Con th\u00f4ng minh\".\n"}
{"en":"What I'm going to do, in the spirit of collaborative creativity, is simply repeat many of the points that the three people before me have already made, but do them -- this is called \"creative collaboration;\" it's actually called \"borrowing\" -- but do it through a particular perspective, and that is to ask about the role of users and consumers in this emerging world of collaborative creativity that Jimmy and others have talked about.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd c\u00f3 - - \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o; th\u1ef1c ra n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i s\u1ebd l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 theo m\u1ed9t quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o m\u00e0 Jimmy v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn.\n"}
{"en":"Let me just ask you, to start with, this simple question: who invented the mountain bike?\n","vi":"\u0110\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, cho ph\u00e9p t\u00f4i h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n, c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n n\u00e0y: ai \u0111\u00e3 s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf ra chi\u1ebfc xe \u0111\u1ea1p \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh?\n"}
{"en":"Because traditional economic theory would say, well, the mountain bike was probably invented by some big bike corporation that had a big R &D lab where they were thinking up new projects, and it came out of there.\n","vi":"B\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft kinh t\u1ebf c\u0169 (truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng) s\u1ebd n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng, xe \u0111\u1ea1p \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t minh b\u1edfi c\u00e1c t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t xe \u0111\u1ea1p l\u1edbn, v\u1edbi ph\u00f2ng Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u01a1i m\u00e0 h\u1ecd s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u1edbi, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"It did n't come from there.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"Another answer might be, well, it came from a sort of lone genius working in his garage, who, working away on different kinds of bikes, comes up with a bike out of thin air.\n","vi":"M\u1ed9t c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t thi\u00ean t\u00e0i \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong ga ra c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ea1ng xe \u0111\u1ea1p kh\u00e1c nhau, xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc xe \u0111\u1ea1p t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed.\n"}
{"en":"It did n't come from there.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"The mountain bike came from users, came from young users, particularly a group in Northern California, who were frustrated with traditional racing bikes, which were those sort of bikes that Eddy Merckx rode, or your big brother, and they're very glamorous.\n","vi":"Xe \u0111\u1ea1p \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u1ebb, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m \u1edf B\u1eafc California, ch\u00fang th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc xe \u0111\u1ea1p \u0111ua ki\u1ec3u c\u0169, nh\u1eefng ki\u1ec3u xe nh\u01b0 Eddy Merckx \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e1i, hay anh trai c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang tr\u00f4ng r\u1ea5t quy\u1ebfn r\u0169.\n"}
{"en":"But also frustrated with the bikes that your dad rode, which sort of had big handlebars like that, and they were too heavy.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc xe \u0111\u1ea1p m\u00e0 b\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea1y, ki\u1ec3u c\u00f3 tay l\u00e1i l\u1edbn, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang qu\u00e1 n\u1eb7ng.\n"}
{"en":"So, they got the frames from these big bikes, put them together with the gears from the racing bikes, got the brakes from motorcycles, and sort of mixed and matched various ingredients.\n","vi":"Do \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd l\u1ea5y khung c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc xe \u0111\u1ea1p l\u1edbn n\u00e0y, r\u00e1p ch\u00fang v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00e1nh r\u0103ng l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc xe \u0111\u1ea1p \u0111ua, l\u1ea5y tay th\u1eafng t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc xe m\u00e1y, v\u00e0 l\u1eafp r\u00e1p th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau kh\u00e1c.\n"}
{"en":"And for the first, I do n't know, three to five years of their life, mountain bikes were known as \"clunkers.\"\n","vi":"V\u00e0 trong v\u00f2ng ba t\u1edbi n\u0103m n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5, nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc xe \u0111\u1ea1p \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \"clunkers.\"\n"}
{"en":"And they were just made in a community of bikers, mainly in Northern California.\n","vi":"(xe \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ebf) V\u00e0 nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc xe ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m trong m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i xe \u0111\u1ea1p, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1edf B\u1eafc California.\n"}
{"en":"And then one of these companies that was importing parts for the clunkers decided to set up in business, start selling them to other people, and gradually another company emerged out of that, Marin, and it probably was, I do n't know, 10, maybe even 15, years, before the big bike companies realized there was a market.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 r\u1ed3i m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ty nh\u1eadp nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfc xe \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u00fang, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u00e1n ch\u00fang cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5i l\u00ean t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, Marin v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5, 10, ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 15 n\u0103m, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty l\u1edbn s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t xe \u0111\u1ea1p nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.\n"}
{"en":"Thirty years later, mountain bike sales and mountain bike equipment account for 65 percent of bike sales in America.\n","vi":"30 n\u0103m sau, xe \u0111\u1ea1p \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 linh ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ebfn 65% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xe \u0111\u1ea1p b\u00e1n ra \u1edf M\u1ef9.\n"}
{"en":"That's 58 billion dollars.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb 58 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4.\n"}
{"en":"This is a category entirely created by consumers that would not have been created by the mainstream bike market because they could n't see the need, the opportunity; they did n't have the incentive to innovate.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n nh\u1edd ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng xe \u0111\u1ea1p ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng b\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhu c\u1ea7u, c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i; h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi.\n"}
{"en":"The one thing I think I disagree with about Yochai's presentation is when he said the Internet causes this distributive capacity for innovation to come alive.\n","vi":"C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 l\u00e0 t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u1ee7a Yochai l\u00e0 khi anh \u1ea5y n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng Internet l\u00e0m cho kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1ng d\u1eady.\n"}
{"en":"It's when the Internet combines with these kinds of passionate pro-am consumers -- who are knowledgeable; they've got the incentive to innovate; they've got the tools; they want to -- that you get this kind of explosion of creative collaboration.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 khi internet k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng chuy\u00ean nghi\u00eap - nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111am m\u00ea n\u00e0y - - nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5, h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n - - nh\u01b0 v\u1eady b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 n\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c.\n"}
{"en":"And out of that, you get the need for the kind of things that Jimmy was talking about, which is our new kinds of organization, or a better way to put it: how do we organize ourselves without organizations?\n","vi":"V\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 Jimmy \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u1ea1ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, hay n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c: l\u00e0m sao ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh n\u1ebfu thi\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c?\n"}
{"en":"That's now possible; you do n't need an organization to be organized, to achieve large and complex tasks, like innovating new software programs.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp, \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u01b0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u1edbi.\n"}
{"en":"So this is a huge challenge to the way we think creativity comes about.\n","vi":"V\u1eady \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u1edbn cho c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta ngh\u0129 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n ra.\n"}
{"en":"The traditional view, still enshrined in much of the way that we think about creativity -- in organizations, in government -- is that creativity is about special people: wear baseball caps the wrong way round, come to conferences like this, in special places, elite universities, R&D labs in the forests, water, maybe special rooms in companies painted funny colors, you know, bean bags, maybe the odd table - football table.\n","vi":"C\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, v\u1eabn tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng trong nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o - - trong c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, trong ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 - - r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9i m\u0169 l\u01b0\u1ee1i trai ng\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y, \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u, ph\u00f2ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong r\u1eebng, d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 trong nh\u1eefng c\u0103n ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u01a1n v\u1ebd m\u00e0u s\u1eafc vui nh\u1ed9n trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea5y, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00fai \u0111\u1eadu, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng b\u00e0n bi - l\u1eafc.\n"}
{"en":"Special people, special places, think up special ideas, then you have a pipeline that takes the ideas down to the waiting consumers, who are passive.\n","vi":"Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, ngh\u0129 ra nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n mang nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng.\n"}
{"en":"They can say \"yes\" or \"no\" to the invention.\n","vi":"H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i \"c\u00f3\" ho\u1eb7c \"kh\u00f4ng\" v\u1edbi ph\u00e1t minh;\n"}
{"en":"That's the idea of creativity.\n","vi":"\u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o\n"}
{"en":"What's the policy recommendation out of that if you're in government, or you're running a large company?\n","vi":"B\u1ea1n r\u00fat ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch g\u00ec t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u00ean n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty l\u1edbn?\n"}
{"en":"More special people, more special places.\n","vi":"Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t th\u00ec c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t.\n"}
{"en":"Build creative clusters in cities; create more R&D parks, so on and so forth.\n","vi":"X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u1eefng khu s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1; t\u1ea1o th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n... v\u00e2n v\u00e2n\n"}
{"en":"Expand the pipeline down to the consumers.\n","vi":"M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng.\n"}
{"en":"Well this view, I think, is increasingly wrong.\n","vi":"Theo t\u00f4i, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng sai l\u1ea7m.\n"}
{"en":"I think it's always been wrong, because I think always creativity has been highly collaborative, and it's probably been largely interactive.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 l\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 lu\u00f4n sai, v\u00ec t\u00f4i lu\u00f4n ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n mang t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c. v\u00e0 n\u00f3 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i.\n"}
{"en":"But it's increasingly wrong, and one of the reasons it's wrong is that the ideas are flowing back up the pipeline.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng sai l\u1ea7m, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do khi\u1ebfn cho n\u00f3 sai l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111ang b\u1ecb th\u1ed5i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i trong \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn.\n"}
{"en":"The ideas are coming back from the consumers, and they're often ahead of the producers.\n","vi":"Nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111ang \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng, v\u00e0 h\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.\n"}
{"en":"Why is that?\n","vi":"V\u00ec sao l\u1ea1i v\u1eady?\n"}
{"en":"Well, one issue is that radical innovation, when you've got ideas that affect a large number of technologies or people, have a great deal of uncertainty attached to them.\n","vi":"V\u00e2ng, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 c\u00e1ch t\u00e2n t\u1eeb c\u0103n b\u1ea3n, khi b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt hay con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh c\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi n\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"The payoffs to innovation are greatest where the uncertainty is highest.\n","vi":"Kho\u1ea3n l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 c\u00e1ch t\u00e2n l\u00e0 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t khi m\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn l\u00e0 cao nh\u1ea5t.\n"}
{"en":"And when you get a radical innovation, it's often very uncertain how it can be applied.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 khi b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 c\u00e1ch t\u00e2n c\u0103n b\u1ea3n, th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"The whole history of telephony is a story of dealing with that uncertainty.\n","vi":"To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edn l\u00e0 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh c\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn.\n"}
{"en":"The very first landline telephones, the inventors thought that they would be used for people to listen in to live performances from West End theaters.\n","vi":"Nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eafng nghe nh\u1eefng bu\u1ed5i bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t Vi\u1ec5n T\u00e2y.\n"}
{"en":"When the mobile telephone companies invented SMS, they had no idea what it was for; it was only when that technology got into the hands of teenage users that they invented the use.\n","vi":"Khi nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ty \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e1t minh ra SMS, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft g\u00ec v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ch\u00fang s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec; ch\u1ec9 khi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi tay c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tu\u1ed5i m\u1edbi l\u1edbn th\u00ec h\u1ecd m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t minh ra c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.\n"}
{"en":"So the more radical the innovation, the more the uncertainty, the more you need innovation in use to work out what a technology is for.\n","vi":"V\u00ec v\u1eady, s\u1ef1 c\u00e1ch t\u00e2n c\u00e0ng t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o, th\u00ec c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn; th\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u00e0ng c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 c\u00e1ch t\u00e2n \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec.\n"}
{"en":"All of our patents, our entire approach to patents and invention, is based on the idea that the inventor knows what the invention is for; we can say what it's for.\n","vi":"T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf, to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t minh s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec; ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng g\u00ec.\n"}
{"en":"More and more, the inventors of things will not be able to say that in advance.\n","vi":"C\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf c\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00f3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"It will be worked out in use, in collaboration with users.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm ra trong khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, trong s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng.\n"}
{"en":"We like to think that invention is a sort of moment of creation: there is a moment of birth when someone comes up with an idea.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta mu\u1ed1n ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1t minh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng: c\u00f3 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m sinh ra khi m\u1ed9t ai \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng.\n"}
{"en":"The truth is that most creativity is cumulative and collaborative; like Wikipedia, it develops over a long period of time.\n","vi":"S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch lu\u1ef9 v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c, nh\u01b0 Wikipedia, n\u00f3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i.\n"}
{"en":"The second reason why users are more and more important is that they are the source of big, disruptive innovations.\n","vi":"L\u00fd do th\u1ee9 hai m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 h\u1ecd l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 c\u00e1ch t\u00e2n l\u1edbn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1t.\n"}
{"en":"If you want to find the big new ideas, it's often difficult to find them in mainstream markets, in big organizations.\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn lao m\u1edbi, th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y ch\u00fang trong m\u1ed9t th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n, trong nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1edbn.\n"}
{"en":"And just look inside large organizations and you'll see why that is so.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 h\u00e3y nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1edbn v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y t\u1ea1i sao l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.\n"}
{"en":"So, you're in a big corporation.\n","vi":"V\u1eady, b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u1edf trong m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n l\u1edbn;\n"}
{"en":"You're obviously keen to go up the corporate ladder.\n","vi":"b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean nh\u1eafm \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c leo l\u00ean nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed cao h\u01a1n.\n"}
{"en":"Do you go into your board and say, \"Look, I've got a fantastic idea for an embryonic product in a marginal market, with consumers we've never dealt with before, and I'm not sure it's going to have a big payoff, but it could be really, really big in the future?\"\n","vi":"B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u0111i v\u00e0o trong ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 n\u00f3i, xem n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111ang ch\u01b0a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong m\u1ed9t th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u00ean, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng ch\u00fang ta ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 s\u1ebd mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3n l\u1ee3i l\u1edbn, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t, r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai?\n"}
{"en":"No, what you do, is you go in and you say, \"I've got a fantastic idea for an incremental innovation to an existing product we sell through existing channels to existing users, and I can guarantee you get this much return out of it over the next three years.\"\n","vi":"Kh\u00f4ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m, l\u00e0 \u0111i v\u00e0o v\u00e0 n\u00f3i, T\u00f4i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 c\u00e1ch t\u00e2n c\u00f3 l\u00e3i cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111ang c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta b\u00e1n tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng k\u00eanh c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u1ea3n thu l\u1edbn t\u1eeb n\u00f3 trong v\u00f2ng ba n\u0103m t\u1edbi.\n"}
{"en":"Big corporations have an in - built tendency to reinforce past success.\n","vi":"Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ty l\u1edbn c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9.\n"}
{"en":"They've got so much sunk in it that it's very difficult for them to spot emerging new markets.\n","vi":"H\u1ecd b\u1ecb ch\u00ecm s\u00e2u trong \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn ra nh\u1eefng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i.\n"}
{"en":"Emerging new markets, then, are the breeding grounds for passionate users.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i, sau \u0111\u00f3, l\u00e0 m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t m\u00e0u m\u1ee1 cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111am m\u00ea.\n"}
{"en":"Best example: who in the music industry, 30 years ago, would have said, \"Yes, let's invent a musical form which is all about dispossessed black men in ghettos expressing their frustration with the world through a form of music that many people find initially quite difficult to listen to.\n","vi":"V\u00ed d\u1ee5 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t: b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c, 30 n\u0103m v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, \"V\u00e2ng, h\u00e3y s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c ch\u1ec9 to\u00e0n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi da \u0111en c\u01b0 tr\u00fa tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p s\u1ed1ng trong nh\u1eefng khu \u1ed5 chu\u1ed9t b\u00e0y t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 ch\u00e1n ch\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c m\u00e0 ban \u0111\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng h\u01a1i kh\u00f3 nghe.\n"}
{"en":"That sounds like a winner; we'll go with it. \"\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 nghe nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng; ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. \"\n"}
{"en":"(Laughter).\n","vi":"(C\u01b0\u1eddi).\n"}
{"en":"Rap music is created by the users.\n","vi":"Nh\u1ea1c rap \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.\n"}
{"en":"They do it on their own tapes, with their own recording equipment; they distribute it themselves.\n","vi":"H\u1ecd t\u1ef1 l\u00e0m ra n\u00f3 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed1n b\u0103ng, v\u1edbi d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 thu \u00e2m c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd; h\u1ecd t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n ch\u00fang.\n"}
{"en":"30 years later, rap music is the dominant musical form of popular culture -- would never have come from the big companies.\n","vi":"30 n\u0103m sau, nh\u1ea1c Rap l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb trong v\u0103n ho\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang - - ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd ra \u0111\u1eddi t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ty l\u1edbn.\n"}
{"en":"Had to start -- this is the third point -- with these pro-ams.\n","vi":"Ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u - - \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ee9 ba - - v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p - nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0 n\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"This is the phrase that I've used in some stuff which I've done with a think tank in London called Demos, where we've been looking at these people who are amateurs -- i.e., they do it for the love of it -- but they want to do it to very high standards.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e2u m\u00e0 t\u00f4i t\u1eebng d\u00f9ng trong m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u1edf London c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 Demos, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111ang nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0 n\u00e0y - - v\u00ed d\u1ee5, h\u1ecd l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 v\u00ec t\u00ecnh y\u00eau \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u00f3 - - nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n r\u1ea5t cao.\n"}
{"en":"And across a whole range of fields -- from software, astronomy, natural sciences, vast areas of leisure and culture like kite - surfing, so on and so forth -- you find people who want to do things because they love it, but they want to do these things to very high standards.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 qua nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau - - t\u1eeb ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, thi\u00ean v\u0103n, khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea1m vi l\u1edbn c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u0103n ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed nh\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1edbt s\u00f3ng d\u00f9, v\u00e2n v\u00e2n - - - b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 v\u00ec h\u1ecd y\u00eau ch\u00fang, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf m\u1ed9t tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t cao.\n"}
{"en":"They work at their leisure, if you like.\n","vi":"H\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong th\u1eddi gian r\u1ed7i, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n th\u00edch.\n"}
{"en":"They take their leisure very seriously: they acquire skills; they invest time; they use technology that's getting cheaper -- it's not just the Internet: cameras, design technology, leisure technology, surfboards, so on and so forth.\n","vi":"H\u1ecd xem nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c th\u1eddi gian r\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh r\u1ea5t nghi\u00eam t\u00fac: h\u1ecd t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng, h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 th\u1eddi gian, h\u1ecd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 r\u1ebb: \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 Internet; m\u00e0 c\u00f2n m\u00e1y quay phim, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ee5, v\u00e1n tr\u01b0\u1ee3t, v\u00e2n v\u00e2n.\n"}
{"en":"Largely through globalization, a lot of this equipment has got a lot cheaper.\n","vi":"Th\u00f4ng qua to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1, nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u1ebb h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u.\n"}
{"en":"More knowledgeable consumers, more educated, more able to connect with one another, more able to do things together.\n","vi":"Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, th\u00ec c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhau, c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c chung v\u1edbi nhau.\n"}
{"en":"Consumption, in that sense, is an expression of their productive potential.\n","vi":"Ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng, theo \u0111\u00f3, l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.\n"}
{"en":"Why, we found, people were interested in this, is that at work they do n't feel very expressed.\n","vi":"T\u1ea1i sao, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, b\u1edfi v\u00ec trong c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, h\u1ecd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u.\n"}
{"en":"They do n't feel as if they're doing something that really matters to them, so they pick up these kinds of activities.\n","vi":"H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ecd, v\u00ec v\u1eady h\u1ecd chuy\u1ec3n sang nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"This has huge organizational implications for very large areas of life.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn cho nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng.\n"}
{"en":"Take astronomy as an example, which Yochai has already mentioned.\n","vi":"H\u00e3y l\u1ea5y thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc l\u00e0m v\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 Yochai \u0111\u00e3 v\u1eeba nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn.\n"}
{"en":"Twenty years ago, 30 years ago, only big professional astronomers with very big telescopes could see far into space.\n","vi":"Kho\u1ea3ng 20 - 30 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 thi\u00ean v\u0103n chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p l\u1edbn v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng k\u00ednh thi\u00ean v\u0103n l\u1edbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xa trong kh\u00f4ng gian.\n"}
{"en":"And there's a big telescope in Northern England called Jodrell Bank, and when I was a kid, it was amazing, because the moon shots would take off, and this thing would move on rails.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kinh vi\u1ec5n v\u1ecdng l\u1edbn \u1edf B\u1eafc n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 Jodrell Bank, v\u00e0 khi t\u00f4i c\u00f2n nh\u1ecf, n\u00f3 qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, b\u1edfi v\u00ec nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m h\u00ecnh m\u1eb7t tr\u0103ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee5p v\u00e0 ch\u00fang s\u1ebd di chuy\u1ec3n tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray.\n"}
{"en":"And it was huge -- it was absolutely enormous.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 ch\u00fang th\u1eadt l\u1edbn - - th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3.\n"}
{"en":"Now, six amateur astronomers, working with the Internet, with Dobsonian digital telescopes -- which are pretty much open source -- with some light sensors developed over the last 10 years, the Internet -- they can do what Jodrell Bank could only do 30 years ago.\n","vi":"B\u00e2y gi\u1edd, s\u00e1u nh\u00e0 thi\u00ean v\u0103n nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean internet, v\u1edbi k\u00ednh thi\u00ean v\u0103n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 Dobsonian - - l\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edf - - v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng \u1ea3nh s\u00e1ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong v\u00f2ng 10 n\u0103m qua, tr\u00ean Internet - - h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 Jodrell Bank c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 30 n\u0103m v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc.\n"}
{"en":"So here in astronomy, you have this vast explosion of new productive resources.\n","vi":"V\u1eady \u1edf trong ng\u00e0nh thi\u00ean v\u0103n, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.\n"}
{"en":"The users can be producers.\n","vi":"Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.\n"}
{"en":"What does this mean, then, for our organizational landscape?\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a g\u00ec, cho to\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u trong c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta?\n"}
{"en":"Well, just imagine a world, for the moment, divided into two camps.\n","vi":"V\u00e2ng, b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi, chia th\u00e0nh hai tr\u1ea1i.\n"}
{"en":"Over here, you've got the old, traditional corporate model: special people, special places; patent it, push it down the pipeline to largely waiting, passive consumers.\n","vi":"\u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u0169, truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t; c\u1ea5p ch\u00fang b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ea9y ch\u00fang xu\u1ed1ng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng \u0111ang th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i.\n"}
{"en":"Over here, let's imagine we've got Wikipedia, Linux, and beyond -- open source.\n","vi":"C\u00f2n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, h\u00e3y t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 Wikipedia, Linux, v\u00e0 xa h\u01a1n n\u1eefa - - m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf.\n"}
{"en":"This is open; this is closed.\n","vi":"C\u00e1i n\u00e0y m\u1edf, c\u00e1i n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3ng;\n"}
{"en":"This is new; this is traditional.\n","vi":"C\u00e1i n\u00e0y m\u1edbi, c\u00e1i n\u00e0y c\u0169.\n"}
{"en":"Well, the first thing you can say, I think with certainty, is what Yochai has said already -- is there is a great big struggle between those two organizational forms.\n","vi":"V\u1eady, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o, r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 Yochai \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i - - l\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd gi\u1eefa hai m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"These people over there will do everything they can to stop these kinds of organizations succeeding, because they're threatened by them.\n","vi":"Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf \u0111\u1eb1ng kia s\u1ebd l\u00e0m m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u1ee9ng c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, b\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ecd b\u1ecb \u0111e do\u1ea1 b\u1edfi ch\u00fang.\n"}
{"en":"And so the debates about copyright, digital rights, so on and so forth -- these are all about trying to stifle, in my view, these kinds of organizations.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 v\u00ec v\u1eady cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n, quy\u1ec1n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1, v\u00e2n v\u00e2n - - t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng th\u00fac, theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, nh\u1eefng d\u1ea1ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0y.\n"}
{"en":"What we're seeing is a complete corruption of the idea of patents and copyright.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 tham nh\u0169ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n.\n"}
{"en":"Meant to be a way to incentivize invention, meant to be a way to orchestrate the dissemination of knowledge, they are increasingly being used by large companies to create thickets of patents to prevent innovation taking place.\n","vi":"Ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lan truy\u1ec1n tri th\u1ee9c, b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng kho b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf nh\u1eb1m ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o.\n"}
{"en":"Let me just give you two examples.\n","vi":"H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0a ra 2 v\u00ed d\u1ee5.\n"}
{"en":"The first is: imagine yourself going to a venture capitalist and saying, \"I've got a fantastic idea.\n","vi":"V\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0, t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 m\u1ea1o hi\u1ec3m v\u00e0 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng, \"T\u00f4i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi.\n"}
{"en":"I've invented this brilliant new program that is much, much better than Microsoft Outlook. \"\n","vi":"T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t minh ra ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u1edbi tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi n\u00e0y n\u00f3 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi Microsoft Outlook. \"\n"}
{"en":"Which venture capitalist in their right mind is going to give you any money to set up a venture competing with Microsoft, with Microsoft Outlook?\n","vi":"Nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 m\u1ea1o hi\u1ec3m n\u00e0o, v\u1edbi t\u01b0 duy logic c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 cho b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi Microsoft, v\u1edbi Microsoft Outlook?\n"}
{"en":"No one.\n","vi":"Kh\u00f4ng ai c\u1ea3.\n"}
{"en":"That is why the competition with Microsoft is bound to come -- will only come -- from an open - source kind of project.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao s\u1ef1 c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi Microsoft s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn - - v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn - - t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u1edf.\n"}
{"en":"So, there is a huge competitive argument about sustaining the capacity for open - source and consumer - driven innovation, because it's one of the greatest competitive levers against monopoly.\n","vi":"Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u00fd l\u1ebd c\u1ea1nh tranh l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng, b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y c\u1ea1nh tranh l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n.\n"}
{"en":"There'll be huge professional arguments as well.\n","vi":"C\u0169ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p.\n"}
{"en":"Because the professionals, over here in these closed organizations -- they might be academics; they might be programmers; they might be doctors; they might be journalists -- my former profession -- say, \"No, no -- you ca n't trust these people over here.\"\n","vi":"B\u1edfi v\u00ec nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y trong nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3ng n\u00e0y - - h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt, l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o - - ngh\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i - - n\u00f3i, \"Kh\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng - - \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tin nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y.\"\n"}
{"en":"When I started in journalism -- Financial Times, 20 years ago -- it was very, very exciting to see someone reading the newspaper.\n","vi":"Khi t\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0m b\u00e1o - - t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Financial Times, 20 n\u0103m v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc - - qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi khi th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e1o.\n"}
{"en":"And you'd kind of look over their shoulder on the Tube to see if they were reading your article.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ki\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 mu\u1ed1n nh\u00ecn qua vai c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 xem li\u1ec7u h\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u0111ang \u0111\u1ecdc - - \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.\n"}
{"en":"Usually they were reading the share prices, and the bit of the paper with your article on was on the floor, or something like that, and you know, \"For heaven's sake, what are they doing!\n","vi":"Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecd \u0111ang \u0111\u1ecdc gi\u00e1 c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng trang b\u00e1o c\u00f3 b\u00e0i b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u1ea1i \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u00e0n, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea1i lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng, \"V\u00ec Ch\u00faa, h\u1ecd \u0111ang l\u00e0m g\u00ec v\u1eady!\n"}
{"en":"They're not reading my brilliant article! \"\n","vi":"H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i b\u00e1o xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i! \"\n"}
{"en":"And we allowed users, readers, two places where they could contribute to the paper: the letters page, where they could write a letter in, and we would condescend to them, cut it in half, and print it three days later.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, \u0111\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3, hai \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho t\u1edd b\u00e1o: trang th\u01b0, n\u01a1i h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft th\u01b0 v\u00e0o, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd chi\u1ebfu c\u1ed1, c\u1eaft b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 l\u00e0m \u0111\u00f4i, v\u00e0 in ch\u00fang ba ng\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"Or the op - ed page, where if they knew the editor -- had been to school with him, slept with his wife -- they could write an article for the op - ed page.\n","vi":"Hay trang l\u1eddi ng\u1ecf c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 bi\u00ean, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft \u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 b\u00fat - - \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc c\u00f9ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi \u00f4ng \u1ea5y, ng\u1ee7 v\u1edbi v\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y - - h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i cho trang l\u1eddi ng\u1ecf \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"Those were the two places.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 hai v\u1ecb tr\u00ed.\n"}
{"en":"Shock, horror: now, the readers want to be writers and publishers.\n","vi":"C\u00fa s\u1ed1c, s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i: b\u00e2y gi\u1edd, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc mu\u1ed1n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n.\n"}
{"en":"That's not their role; they're supposed to read what we write.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd; h\u1ecd n\u00ean l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i ch\u00fang ta vi\u1ebft.\n"}
{"en":"But they do n't want to be journalists.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o.\n"}
{"en":"The journalists think that the bloggers want to be journalists; they do n't want to be journalists; they just want to have a voice.\n","vi":"Nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng - - nh\u1eefng blogger mu\u1ed1n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o; h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o, h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i.\n"}
{"en":"They want to, as Jimmy said, they want to have a dialogue, a conversation.\n","vi":"H\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n, nh\u01b0 Jimmy \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i, h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i, m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n.\n"}
{"en":"They want to be part of that flow of information.\n","vi":"H\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y th\u00f4ng tin.\n"}
{"en":"What's happening there is that the whole domain of creativity is expanding.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ra.\n"}
{"en":"So, there's going to be a tremendous struggle.\n","vi":"V\u1eady, s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u1ef1c l\u1edbn.\n"}
{"en":"But, also, there's going to be tremendous movement from the open to the closed.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbn t\u1eeb c\u00e1i m\u1edf sang c\u00e1i \u0111\u00f3ng.\n"}
{"en":"What you'll see, I think, is two things that are critical, and these, I think, are two challenges for the open movement.\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng, l\u00e0 hai \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129, l\u00e0 hai th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c cho s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edf.\n"}
{"en":"The first is: can we really survive on volunteers?\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0: li\u1ec7u ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t nh\u1edd t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n?\n"}
{"en":"If this is so critical, do we not need it funded, organized, supported in much more structured ways?\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch, th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e2y qu\u1ef9, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 theo nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u01a1n sao?\n"}
{"en":"I think the idea of creating the Red Cross for information and knowledge is a fantastic idea, but can we really organize that, just on volunteers?\n","vi":"T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp H\u1ed9i Ch\u1eef Th\u1eadp \u0110\u1ecf d\u00e0nh cho th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00fd ki\u1ebfn tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng li\u1ec7u ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang nh\u1edd t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n vi\u00ean?\n"}
{"en":"What kind of changes do we need in public policy and funding to make that possible?\n","vi":"Nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0o ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n trong ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c ho\u00e1 ch\u00fang?\n"}
{"en":"What's the role of the BBC, for instance, in that world?\n","vi":"Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a BBC l\u00e0 g\u00ec, v\u00ed d\u1ee5, tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi?\n"}
{"en":"What should be the role of public policy?\n","vi":"Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\n"}
{"en":"And finally, what I think you will see is the intelligent, closed organizations moving increasingly in the open direction.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng ming, nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3ng s\u1ebd d\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1edf.\n"}
{"en":"So it's not going to be a contest between two camps, but, in between them, you'll find all sorts of interesting places that people will occupy.\n","vi":"V\u1eady \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c thi gi\u1eefa hai tr\u1ea1i, m\u00e0 \u1edf gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u00fa v\u1ecb m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd chi\u1ebfm gi\u1eef.\n"}
{"en":"New organizational models coming about, mixing closed and open in tricky ways.\n","vi":"Nh\u1eefng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1edbi \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra, pha tr\u1ed9n vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3ng v\u00e0 m\u1edf theo nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t.\n"}
{"en":"It wo n't be so clear - cut; it wo n't be Microsoft versus Linux -- there'll be all sorts of things in between.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng; kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 Microsoft \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi Linux - - s\u1ebd c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i \u1edf gi\u1eefa hai quan \u0111i\u1ec3m.\n"}
{"en":"And those organizational models, it turns out, are incredibly powerful, and the people who can understand them will be very, very successful.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd kh\u00f3 tin, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u ch\u00fang s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t, r\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.\n"}
{"en":"Let me just give you one final example of what that means.\n","vi":"H\u00e3y cho ph\u00e9p t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0a v\u00ed d\u1ee5 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"I was in Shanghai, in an office block built on what was a rice paddy five years ago -- one of the 2,500 skyscrapers they've built in Shanghai in the last 10 years.\n","vi":"T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i, trong m\u1ed9t to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00faa c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y 5 n\u0103m - - M\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 2500 to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ch\u1ecdc ch\u1eddi h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y \u1edf Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i trong v\u00f2ng 10 n\u0103m qua.\n"}
{"en":"And I was having dinner with this guy called Timothy Chan.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111ang \u0103n tr\u01b0a v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 Timothy Chen.\n"}
{"en":"Timothy Chan set up an Internet business in 2000.\n","vi":"Timothy Chen \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty kinh doanh Internet v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2000.\n"}
{"en":"Did n't go into the Internet, kept his money, decided to go into computer games.\n","vi":"Kh\u00f4ng \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o internet, gi\u1eef ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a anh \u1ea5y, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i v\u00e0o l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed.\n"}
{"en":"He runs a company called Shanda, which is the largest computer games company in China.\n","vi":"Anh \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ty Shanda, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty v\u1ec1 tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c.\n"}
{"en":"Nine thousand servers all over China, has 250 million subscribers.\n","vi":"9000 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp Trung Qu\u1ed1c; v\u1edbi 250 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd.\n"}
{"en":"At any one time, there are four million people playing one of his games.\n","vi":"\u1ede b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o, c\u00f3 4 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang ch\u01a1i m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i c\u1ee7a anh \u1ea5y.\n"}
{"en":"How many people does he employ to service that population?\n","vi":"Anh \u1ea5y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bao nhi\u00eau nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f3?\n"}
{"en":"500 people.\n","vi":"500 ng\u01b0\u1eddi.\n"}
{"en":"Well, how can he service 250 million people from 500 employees?\n","vi":"V\u00e2ng, l\u00e0m sao anh \u1ea5y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 hai tr\u0103m r\u01b0\u1ee1i tri\u1ec7u - - 250 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng 500 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean?\n"}
{"en":"Because basically, he does n't service them.\n","vi":"B\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u0103n b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 anh \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 h\u1ecd.\n"}
{"en":"He gives them a platform; he gives them some rules; he gives them the tools and then he kind of orchestrates the conversation; he orchestrates the action.\n","vi":"Anh \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0a cho h\u1ecd m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng, anh \u1ea5y cho h\u1ecd m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i lu\u1eadt ch\u01a1i, anh \u1ea5y cho h\u1ecd c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 anh \u1ea5y nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n s\u1ef1 giao ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3; anh \u1ea5y ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng.\n"}
{"en":"But actually, a lot of the content is created by the users themselves.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c ra, r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ed9i dung \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi ch\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.\n"}
{"en":"And it creates a kind of stickiness between the community and the company which is really, really powerful.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng k\u1ebft d\u00ednh gi\u1eefa c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 l\u1edbn.\n"}
{"en":"The best measure of that: so you go into one of his games, you create a character that you develop in the course of the game.\n","vi":"\u0110\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3: b\u1ea1n h\u00e3y v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i c\u1ee7a anh ta, b\u1ea1n t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i.\n"}
{"en":"If, for some reason, your credit card bounces, or there's some other problem, you lose your character.\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu, v\u00ec m\u1ed9t l\u00fd do n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, th\u1ebb thanh to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n b\u1ecb b\u1eadt ra, ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c ph\u00e1t sinh, b\u1ea1n m\u1ea5t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.\n"}
{"en":"You've got two options.\n","vi":"B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 hai l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn.\n"}
{"en":"One option: you can create a new character, right from scratch, but with none of the history of your player.\n","vi":"L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t: b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt m\u1edbi, l\u00e0m l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ch\u00fat \u00edt g\u00ec t\u1eeb nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt c\u0169 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.\n"}
{"en":"That costs about 100 dollars.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n $100.\n"}
{"en":"Or you can get on a plane, fly to Shanghai, queue up outside Shanda's offices -- cost probably 600, 700 dollars -- and reclaim your character, get your history back.\n","vi":"Ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00ean m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ebfn bay, \u0111\u1ebfn Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i, s\u1eafp h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00e0o b\u00ean trong v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a Shanda - - ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn t\u1ed1n kho\u1ea3n 600 - 700 - - v\u00e0 than phi\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng tin nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt c\u0169 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.\n"}
{"en":"Every morning, there are 600 people queuing outside their offices to reclaim these characters.\n","vi":"M\u1ed7i s\u00e1ng, c\u00f3 600 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eafp h\u00e0ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec3 than phi\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.\n"}
{"en":"(Laughter) So this is about companies built on communities, that provide communities with tools, resources, platforms in which they can share.\n","vi":"V\u1eady \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, n\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5, t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng trong \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia s\u1ebb.\n"}
{"en":"He's not open source, but it's very, very powerful.\n","vi":"Anh \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 kho ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn.\n"}
{"en":"So here is one of the challenges, I think, for people like me, who do a lot of work with government.\n","vi":"V\u1eady \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129, cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c trong ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7.\n"}
{"en":"If you're a games company, and you've got a million players in your game, you only need one percent of them to be co-developers, contributing ideas, and you've got a development workforce of 10,000 people.\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i, v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01a1i trong tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng, v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kho\u1ea3ng 10 000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi\n"}
{"en":"Imagine you could take all the children in education in Britain, and one percent of them were co-developers of education.\n","vi":"T\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ecdi tr\u1ebb em \u0111ang \u0111i h\u1ecdc \u1edf Anh, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c.\n"}
{"en":"What would that do to the resources available to the education system?\n","vi":"\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c?\n"}
{"en":"Or if you got one percent of the patients in the NHS to, in some sense, be co-producers of health.\n","vi":"Hay n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n trong NHS trong m\u1ed9t ch\u1eebng m\u1ef1c n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb.\n"}
{"en":"The reason why -- despite all the efforts to cut it down, to constrain it, to hold it back -- why these open models will still start emerging with tremendous force, is that they multiply our productive resources.\n","vi":"L\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao m\u1eb7c cho nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1eaft ch\u00fang \u0111i, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ch\u00fang, gi\u1eef ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i - - v\u00ec sao nh\u1eefng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u1edf n\u00e0y v\u1eabn s\u1ebd n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ef1c l\u1edbn, l\u00e0 v\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111ang nh\u00e2n r\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.\n"}
{"en":"And one of the reasons they do that is that they turn users into producers, consumers into designers.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do m\u00e0 h\u1ecd l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00ec h\u1ecd bi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t; ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.\n"}
{"en":"Do you remember when you first realized that your computer was more than just a monitor and keyboard?\n","vi":"Li\u1ec7u b\u1ea1n c\u00f2n nh\u1edb l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 bao g\u1ed3m m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 b\u00e0n ph\u00edm?\n"}
{"en":"That between the mouse click and the video playing, there was something that captured your intention, understood it, and made it real?\n","vi":"V\u00e0 r\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa c\u00fa nh\u1ea5p chu\u1ed9t v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t video c\u00f3 th\u1ee9 g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft l\u1ea5y \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, hi\u1ec3u n\u00f3 v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf?\n"}
{"en":"What is that something?\n","vi":"V\u1eady n\u00f3 l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\n"}
{"en":"Is it gremlins?\n","vi":"M\u1ed9t sinh v\u1eadt gi\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u0103ng?\n"}
{"en":"Let's imagine that we can shrink down to the size of an electron and inject ourselves into a click of a mouse.\n","vi":"H\u00e3y t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu nh\u1ecf l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc 1 electron v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t c\u00fa nh\u1ea5p chu\u1ed9t.\n"}
{"en":"If you took your mouse apart, you'd see that it's really a very simple machine.\n","vi":"N\u1ebfu th\u00e1o r\u1eddi con chu\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ra b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y n\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed7 m\u00e1y r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n.\n"}
{"en":"It has a couple buttons and a system for detecting motion and distance.\n","vi":"N\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u1eb7p n\u00fat b\u1ea5m v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch.\n"}
{"en":"You might have an optical mouse that makes these measurements with lights and sensors, but older ones did this with a hard rubber ball and some plastic wheels.\n","vi":"B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 1 con chu\u1ed9t quang th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ean v\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0ng lo\u1ea1i chu\u1ed9t c\u0169 l\u1ea1i d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea3 b\u00f3ng cao su c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i b\u00e1nh xe nh\u1ef1a.\n"}
{"en":"When you click the button on your mouse, it sends a message to the computer with information about its position.\n","vi":"Khi b\u1ea1n nh\u1ea5p n\u00fat tr\u00ean con chu\u1ed9t, n\u00f3 g\u1eedi m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.\n"}
{"en":"When your mouse click is received, it's handled by the basic input \/ output subsystem.\n","vi":"Sau \u0111\u00f3 th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 c\u00fa nh\u1ea5p chu\u1ed9t s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1edfi ti\u1ec3u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0o ra c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n.\n"}
{"en":"This subsystem acts like the eyes and ears and mouth and hands of the computer.\n","vi":"H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng con n\u00e0y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 tai m\u1eaft c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 mi\u1ec7ng v\u00e0 tay c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh.\n"}
{"en":"Basically, it provides a way for the computer to interact with its environment.\n","vi":"C\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, n\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch cho ph\u00e9p m\u00e1y t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"But it also acts like a buffer to keep the CPU from being overwhelmed by distractions.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u0169ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec7m nh\u1eb1m gi\u1eef cho CPU kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 sao nh\u00e3ng.\n"}
{"en":"In this case, the I\/O subsystem decides that your mouse click is pretty important so it generates an interrupt to the CPU.\n","vi":"Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, ti\u1ec3u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0o ra cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00fa nh\u1ea5p chu\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 kh\u00e1 quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00ec v\u1eady n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t l\u1ec7nh ng\u1eaft \u0111\u1ebfn CPU\n"}
{"en":"\"Hey, CPU!\n","vi":"\"N\u00e0y, CPU!\n"}
{"en":"Got a click here. \"\n","vi":"C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00fa nh\u1ea5p chu\u1ed9t \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \"\n"}
{"en":"The CPU, or central processing unit, is the brains of the whole computer.\n","vi":"CPU, hay b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd trung t\u00e2m, l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh.\n"}
{"en":"Just like your brain does n't take up your whole body, the CPU does n't take up the whole computer, but it runs the show all the same.\n","vi":"Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ed9 n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfm to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 CPU c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 chi\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian nh\u1ecf, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c g\u1ea7n gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.\n"}
{"en":"And the CPU's job, it s whole job, is fetching instructions from memory and executing them.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a CPU l\u00e0 n\u1ea1p t\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh t\u1eeb b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi ch\u00fang.\n"}
{"en":"So, while you're typing, typing, typing, maybe really fast, like 60 words a minute, the CPU is fetching and executing billions of instructions a second.\n","vi":"V\u00ec v\u1eady, trong khi b\u1ea1n \u0111ang g\u00f5, g\u00f5 v\u00e0 g\u00f5 c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t nhanh, c\u1ee1 60 t\u1eeb trong m\u1ed9t ph\u00fat, CPU \u0111ang li\u00ean t\u1ee5c n\u1ea1p v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi h\u00e0ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7nh m\u1ed7i gi\u00e2y.\n"}
{"en":"Yes, billions every second: instructions to move your mouse around on the screen, to run that clock widget on your desktop, play your internet radio, manage the files you're editing on the hard drive, and much, much more.\n","vi":"V\u00e2ng, h\u00e0ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7nh m\u1ed7i gi\u00e2y: di chuy\u1ec3n chu\u1ed9t tr\u00ean m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh, ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 tr\u00ean m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, b\u1eadt radio tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1ec7p b\u1ea1n \u0111ang ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda trong b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u, nhi\u1ec1u n\u1eefa.\n"}
{"en":"Your computer's CPU is one heck of a multitasker!\n","vi":"CPU c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111a nhi\u1ec7m th\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c!\n"}
{"en":"\"But oh my gosh there's a very important mouse click coming through now!\n","vi":"\"Nh\u01b0ng tr\u1eddi \u01a1i m\u1ed9t c\u00fa nh\u1ea5p chu\u1ed9t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111ang t\u1edbi.\n"}
{"en":"Let's drop everything now and deal with that! \"\n","vi":"H\u00e3y b\u1ecf h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3! \"\n"}
{"en":"There are programs for everything that the CPU does.\n","vi":"Lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh cho m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 CPU th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.\n"}
{"en":"A special program for the mouse, for the clock widget, for the internet radio, and for dealing with letters sent by the keyboard.\n","vi":"M\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ri\u00eang cho chu\u1ed9t, m\u1ed9t cho \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3, m\u1ed9t cho radio tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cho c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi t\u1eeb b\u00e0n ph\u00edm.\n"}
{"en":"Each program was initially written by a human in a human - readable programming language, like Java, C ++, or Python.\n","vi":"M\u1ed7i ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1edfi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0 Java, C + +, hay Python.\n"}
{"en":"But human programs take up a lot of space and contain a lot of unnecessary information to a computer, so they are compiled and made smaller and stored in bits of ones and zeros in memory.\n","vi":"Nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1n qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ed7 v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9a qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng tin kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, n\u00ean ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch, thu nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 l\u01b0u trong b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng nh\u1eefng bit 0 v\u00e0 1.\n"}
{"en":"The CPU realizes that it needs instructions for how to deal with this mouse click, so it looks up the address for the mouse program and sends a request to the memory subsystem for instructions stored there.\n","vi":"CPU nh\u1eadn ra n\u00f3 c\u1ea7n ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00ed c\u00e1c c\u00fa nh\u1ea5p chu\u1ed9t, v\u00ec v\u1eady n\u00f3 tra \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh cho chu\u1ed9t v\u00e0 g\u1eedi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1edbi ti\u1ec3u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm l\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y.\n"}
{"en":"Each instruction in the mouse device driver is duly fetched and executed.\n","vi":"M\u1ed7i l\u1ec7nh trong driver c\u1ee7a chu\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y ra v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi.\n"}
{"en":"And that's not nearly the end of the story!\n","vi":"V\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 ch\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n.\n"}
{"en":"Because the CPU learns that the mouse was clicked when the cursor was over a picture of a button on the monitor screen, and so, the CPU asks memory for the monitor program to find out what that button is.\n","vi":"V\u00ec CPU bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng chu\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ea5p khi con tr\u1ecf di l\u00ean tr\u00ean h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u00fat b\u1ea5m tr\u00ean m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh, v\u00e0 v\u00ec v\u1eady, CPU h\u1ecfi b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u1ec1 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u00fat b\u1ea5m g\u00ec.\n"}
{"en":"And then the CPU has to ask memory for the program for the button, which means that the CPU needs the monitor program again to show the video associated with the button, and so it goes.\n","vi":"V\u00e0 khi CPU h\u1ecfi b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u1ec1 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh cho n\u00fat b\u1ea5m, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 CPU c\u1ea7n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 xem video c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi n\u00fat b\u1ea5m, v\u00e0 c\u1ee9 th\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c.\n"}
{"en":"And let's just say there are a lot of programs involved before you even see the button on the screen light up when you clicked it.\n","vi":"T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh li\u00ean quan th\u1eadm ch\u00ed tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y n\u00fat b\u1ea5m tr\u00ean m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh s\u00e1ng l\u00ean khi b\u1ea1n nh\u1ea5p chu\u1ed9t v\u00e0o n\u00f3.\n"}
{"en":"So, just the simple task of clicking your mouse means visiting all of the critical components of your computer's architecture: peripherals, the basic input-output system, the CPU, programs, and memory, and not one gremlin.\n","vi":"V\u00ec v\u1eady, m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 nh\u1ea5p chu\u1ed9t c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u00e1y t\u00ednh: thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ngo\u1ea1i vi, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0o ra c\u0103n b\u1ea3n, CPU, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i sinh v\u1eadt gi\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0o.\n"}
{"en":"We live on a human - dominated planet, putting unprecedented pressure on the systems on Earth.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean h\u00e0nh tinh th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb b\u1edfi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb7t g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3 l\u00ean h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t.\n"}
{"en":"This is bad news, but perhaps surprising to you, it's also part of the good news.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 tin x\u1ea5u, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 l\u1ebd b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a tin t\u1ed1t.\n"}
{"en":"We're the first generation -- thanks to science -- to be informed that we may be undermining the stability and the ability of planet Earth to support human development as we know it.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, nh\u1edd c\u00f3 khoa h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111ang ph\u00e1 hu\u1ef7 s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 ta bi\u1ebft.\n"}
{"en":"It's also good news, because the planetary risks we're facing are so large, that business as usual is not an option.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tin t\u1ed1t, v\u00ec r\u1ee7i ro tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t m\u00e0 ta \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 c\u0169 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn n\u1eefa.\n"}
{"en":"In fact, we're in a phase where transformative change is necessary, which opens the window for innovation, for new ideas and new paradigms.\n","vi":"Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi, cho nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u1edbi.\n"}
{"en":"This is a scientific journey on the challenges facing humanity in the global phase of sustainability.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.\n"}
{"en":"On this journey, I'd like to bring, apart from yourselves, a good friend, a stakeholder, who's always absent when we deal with the negotiations on environmental issues, a stakeholder who refuses to compromise -- planet Earth.\n","vi":"Trong cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n mang theo, ngo\u00e0i ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n t\u1ed1t, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi li\u00ean quan, ng\u01b0\u1eddi lu\u00f4n v\u1eafng m\u1eb7t khi ta th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu\u1ed9c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan, ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i tho\u1ea3 hi\u1ec7p - - Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t.\n"}
{"en":"So I thought I'd bring her with me today on stage, to have her as a witness of a remarkable journey, which humbly reminds us of the period of grace we've had over the past 10,000 years.\n","vi":"N\u00ean t\u00f4i s\u1ebd mang c\u00f4 \u1ea5y l\u00ean s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u h\u00f4m nay, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng cho m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea7y kinh ng\u1ea1c, h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian \u00e2n s\u1ee7ng ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 trong 10,000 n\u0103m qua.\n"}
{"en":"This is the living conditions on the planet over the last 100,000 years.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t trong 100,000 n\u0103m qua.\n"}
{"en":"It's a very important period -- it's roughly half the period when we've been fully modern humans on the planet.\n","vi":"M\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng, g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda th\u1eddi gian ch\u00fang ta ti\u1ebfn ho\u00e1 th\u00e0nh lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t\n"}
{"en":"We've had the same, roughly, abilities that developed civilizations as we know it.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng, \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00e1i, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft.\n"}
{"en":"This is the environmental conditions on the planet.\n","vi":"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ean h\u00e0nh tinh.\n"}
{"en":"Here, used as a proxy, temperature variability.\n","vi":"Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n.\n"}
{"en":"80,000 years back in a crisis, we leave Africa, we colonize Australia in another crisis, 60,000 years back, we leave Asia for Europe in another crisis, 40,000 years back, and then we enter the remarkably stable Holocene phase, the only period in the whole history of the planet, that we know of, that can support human development.\n","vi":"Chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i v\u1ea5t v\u1ea3 80000 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng, ch\u00fang ta r\u1eddi Ch\u00e2u Phi, chi\u1ebfm \u00dac l\u00e0m thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba m\u1ed9t kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng kh\u00e1c 60000 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u00fang ta r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi \u00c1 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u00c2u v\u00e0 trong kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng kh\u00e1c, 40,000 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang ta ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n Holocen \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd, giai \u0111o\u1ea1n duy nh\u1ea5t trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.\n"}
{"en":"A thousand years into this period, we abandon our hunting and gathering patterns.\n","vi":"M\u1ed9t ng\u00e0n n\u0103m v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta t\u1eeb b\u1ecf s\u0103n b\u1eafn v\u00e0 h\u00e1i l\u01b0\u1ee3m.\n"}
{"en":"We go from a couple of million people to the seven billion people we are today.\n","vi":"Ch\u00fang ta t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea3y t\u1ef7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u00e0y nay.\n"}
{"en":"The Mesopotamian culture: we invent agriculture, we domesticate animals and plants.\n","vi":"N\u1ec1n v\u0103n ho\u00e1 L\u01b0\u1ee1ng H\u00e0: ta ph\u00e1t minh ra n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, thu\u1ea7n ho\u00e1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 v\u1eadt nu\u00f4i.\n"}
{"en":"You have the Roman, the Greek and the story as you know it.\n","vi":"B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 La M\u00e3, Hy L\u1ea1p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea5y.\n"}
{"en":"The only phase, as we know it that can support humanity.\n","vi":"Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n duy nh\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i.\n"}
{"en":"The trouble is we're putting a quadruple sqeeze on this poor planet, a quadruple sqeeze, which, as its first squeeze, has population growth of course.\n","vi":"V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang g\u00e2y \u00e1p l\u1ef1c g\u1ea5p 4 l\u1ea7n l\u00ean h\u00e0nh tinh t\u1ed9i nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y, g\u1ea5p b\u1ed1n l\u1ea7n, so v\u1edbi \u00e1p l\u1ef1c ban \u0111\u1ea7u, trong \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1.\n"}
{"en":"Now, this is not only about numbers; this is not only about the fact that we're seven billion people committed to nine billion people, it's an equity issue as well.\n","vi":"B\u00e2y gi\u1edd, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u1edf con s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u1edf con s\u1ed1 b\u1ea3y t\u1ef7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n s\u1ebd t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00edn t\u1ef7, \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng.\n"}
{"en":"The majority of the environmental impacts on the planet have been caused by the rich minority, the 20 percent that jumped onto the industrial bandwagon in the mid-18th century.\n","vi":"Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ean h\u00e0nh tinh \u0111\u1ec1u g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 gi\u00e0u c\u00f3, 20% s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ea1y theo tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ho\u00e1 v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 18.\n"}
{"en":"The majority of the planet, aspiring for development, having the right for development, are in large aspiring for an unsustainable lifestyle, a momentous pressure.\n","vi":"Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh tinh, khao kh\u00e1t ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, \u0111ang c\u00f3 tham v\u1ecdng l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, m\u1ed9t \u00e1p l\u1ef1c tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu.\n"}
{"en":"The second pressure on the planet is, of course the climate agenda -- the big issue -- where the policy interpretation of science is that it would be enough to stabilize greenhouse gases at 450 ppm to avoid average temperatures exceeding two degrees, to avoid the risk that we may be destabilizing the West Antarctic Ice Sheet, holding six meters -- level rising, the risk of destabilizing the Greenland Ice Sheet, holding another seven meters -- sea level rising.\n","vi":"\u00c1p l\u1ef1c th\u1ee9 hai t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu - - v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn - - n\u01a1i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c khoa h\u1ecdc cho r\u1eb1ng c\u1ea7n \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh \u1edf m\u1ee9c 450ppm \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 hai \u0111\u1ed9 C, \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh nguy c\u01a1 g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cho t\u1ea7ng b\u0103ng T\u00e2y Nam C\u1ef1c, th\u1ee9 ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ebfn 6m n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, nguy c\u01a1 g\u00e2y b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n cho t\u1ea7ng b\u0103ng Greenland, ch\u1ee9a b\u1ea3y m\u00e9t n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n.\n"}
{"en":"Now, you would have wished the climate pressure to hit a strong planet, a resilient planet, but unfortunately, the third pressure is the ecosystem decline.\n","vi":"Gi\u1edd b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd \u01b0\u1edbc g\u00ec \u00e1p l\u1ef1c kh\u00ed h\u1eadu s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh tinh m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng may, \u00e1p l\u1ef1c th\u1ee9 ba l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i.\n"}