[User]
Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
An idiom is an expression that cannot be understood literally. Its meaning must be learned.
The assignment was a piece of cake.

Question:
What does the idiom in this text suggest?
In such an unfamiliar environment, Billy was a fish out of water.

0. Billy didn't have any friends.
1. Billy felt out of place.

[Assistant]
The text uses an idiom, an expression that cannot be understood literally.
The idiom a fish out of water suggests that Billy felt out of place. A fish out of water is someone out of his or her usual, comfortable environment.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Hyperbole is an obvious exaggeration that is not meant to be taken literally.
I ate so much that I think I might explode!

Question:
What does the hyperbole in this text suggest?
After he finished the marathon, Gordon collapsed into a chair and declared that he could no longer move a single muscle.

0. Gordon became paralyzed.
1. Gordon was very tired and sore.

[Assistant]
The text uses hyperbole, an obvious exaggeration that is not meant to be taken literally.
The hyperbole could no longer move a single muscle suggests that Gordon was very tired and sore. His muscles were not literally incapable of moving.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Alliteration is the repetition of sounds at the beginning of nearby words.
What a lucky little lady you are!
An allusion is a brief reference to something or someone well known, often from history or literature.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
An idiom is an expression that cannot be understood literally. Its meaning must be learned.
The assignment was a piece of cake.
A simile uses like or as to compare two things that are not actually alike.
The cat's fur was as dark as the night.
A metaphor compares two things that are not actually alike without using like or as.
The snow formed a blanket over the town.
Onomatopoeia involves using a word that expresses a sound.
The scrambled eggs hit the floor with a splat.
Personification is giving human characteristics to nonhuman things.
The trees danced in the wind.
A pun involves using a word or phrase in a humorous way that suggests more than one meaning.
A great new broom is sweeping the nation.
Verbal irony involves saying one thing but implying something very different. People often use verbal irony when they are being sarcastic.
Olivia seems thrilled that her car keeps breaking down.
Each breakdown is as enjoyable as a punch to the face.

Question:
Which figure of speech is used in this text?
A Chicago winter separates the men from the boys, especially newcomers from milder climes. The temperature frequently plunges below zero.

0. verbal irony
1. idiom

[Assistant]
The text uses an idiom, an expression that cannot be understood literally.
Separates the men from the boys means distinguishes the tough from the not-so-tough.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Anaphora is the repetition of the same word or words at the beginning of several phrases or clauses.
We are united. We are powerful. We are winners.
Antithesis involves contrasting opposing ideas within a parallel grammatical structure.
I want to help, not to hurt.
Apostrophe is a direct address to an absent person or a nonhuman entity.
Oh, little bird, what makes you sing so beautifully?
Assonance is the repetition of a vowel sound in a series of nearby words.
Try to light the fire.
Chiasmus is an expression in which the second half parallels the first but reverses the order of words.
Never let a fool kiss you or a kiss fool you.
Understatement involves deliberately representing something as less serious or important than it really is.
As you know, it can get a little cold in the Antarctic.

Question:
Which figure of speech is used in this text?
We don't mistrust each other because we're armed; we're armed because we mistrust each other.
President Ronald Reagan, speaking of relations between the U.S. and the Soviet Union

0. chiasmus
1. understatement

[Assistant]
The text uses chiasmus, an expression in which the second half parallels the first but reverses the order of words.
The second half of the sentence reverses the order of the words mistrust and armed relative to the first half.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
When you are using customary units, length may be written with units of inches, feet, yards, or miles.
There are 12 inches in 1 foot, and 3 feet in 1 yard. There are 5,280 feet in 1 mile.
A football is about 1 foot long. A football field is 100 yards long.

Question:
How long is a kitchen table?

0. 8 yards
1. 8 miles
2. 8 inches
3. 8 feet

[Assistant]
The best estimate for the length of a kitchen table is 8 feet.
8 inches is too short. 8 yards and 8 miles are too long.
Therefore my final answer is: 3


[User]
Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
When you are using customary units, length may be written with units of inches, feet, yards, or miles.
There are 12 inches in 1 foot, and 3 feet in 1 yard. There are 5,280 feet in 1 mile.
A football is about 1 foot long. A football field is 100 yards long.

Question:
How long is a basketball court?

0. 25 feet
1. 25 inches
2. 25 yards
3. 25 miles

[Assistant]
The best estimate for the length of a basketball court is 25 yards.
25 inches and 25 feet are too short. 25 miles is too long.
Therefore my final answer is: 2


[User]
A clause is a group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate.
An independent clause is a complete thought. It can stand alone as a sentence. A dependent clause is not a complete thought. It cannot stand alone as a sentence.
the oranges on our tree are ripe
The clause can stand alone. It is independent.
after we pick up Kevin from work
The clause cannot stand alone. It is dependent.
A simple sentence is made up of a single independent clause.
Ben and I spent all day relaxing by the pool.
Some simple sentences have introductory phrases, but the introductory phrase is part of the predicate.
In the winter, Ben usually wears his heavy coat.
Ben usually wears his heavy coat in the winter.
A compound sentence is made up of two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction such as and, but, or, or so.
We saw a flash of lightning, and seconds later we heard the rumble of thunder.
A complex sentence is made up of an independent clause and a dependent clause. The dependent clause usually begins with a subordinating conjunction such as after, although, as, because, before, if, since, unless, until, when, or while.
If she ever gets the chance, Terri would love to visit the Egyptian pyramids.

Question:
Which is a simple sentence?

0. If we hike Bright Angel Trail in the Grand Canyon, we won't see Mooney Falls.
1. Madison Chock and Gracie Gold were two American figure skaters in the Sochi 2014 Olympics.

[Assistant]
The first sentence is the simple sentence. It is a single independent clause.
Madison Chock and Gracie Gold were two American figure skaters in the Sochi 2014 Olympics.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Matter is made of very small particles called atoms. Atoms can be linked together by chemical bonds. When two or more atoms link together, they form a molecule.
In a chemical change, the chemical bonds in the molecules break. The atoms then link together to form new molecules. The types of molecules in matter before and after a chemical change are always different.
Burning a piece of paper is a chemical change. As paper burns, paper molecules react with oxygen molecules in the air. This reaction breaks the chemical bonds in the molecules. The atoms then relink and form different molecules. For example, carbon dioxide molecules are created when paper burns.
In a physical change, chemical bonds do not break. The types of molecules in matter before and after a physical change are always the same.
A change of state is a type of physical change. For example, water vaporizing is a physical change. Liquid water and water vapor are made of the same type of matter: water.

Question:
Complete the sentence.
Mixing carbon and iron to make steel is a ().

0. physical change
1. chemical change

[Assistant]
Mixing carbon and iron to make steel is a physical change. To make steel, a furnace melts the carbon and iron so that they can be mixed easily.
Solid steel forms when the mixture cools. The carbon and iron are now combined as steel. But they are still made of the same types of matter as before.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere.
Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day.
Climate is the pattern of weather in a certain place. For example, summer temperatures in New York are usually higher than winter temperatures.

Question:
Does this passage describe the weather or the climate?
It is snowing in Tanvi's town today.

0. weather
1. climate

[Assistant]
Read the text carefully.
It is snowing in Tanvi's town today.
This passage tells you about the precipitation today in Tanvi's town. It describes the atmosphere at a certain place and time. So, this passage describes the weather.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Plants and animals are living things. Living things are called organisms.
Plants come in many shapes and sizes. Most plants grow in the ground. They might grow leaves, flowers, and fruit. Plants cannot move around on their own like animals can.
Animals also come in many shapes and sizes. Most animals can move around. Animals might run, swim, jump, or fly. Animals eat plants or other organisms for food.

Question:
Select the animal.

0. Apple trees can grow fruit.
1. Anteaters walk and run.

[Assistant]
An apple tree is a plant. It can grow fruit.
People have been growing apples for thousands of years. There are more than 7,500 types of apples!
An anteater is an animal. It walks and runs.
Anteaters mostly eat ants. They also eat other insects.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought.
The band I'm in has been rehearsing daily because we have a concert in two weeks.
A sentence fragment is a group of words that does not express a complete thought.
Rehearsing daily because we have a concert in two weeks.
This fragment is missing a subject. It doesn't tell who is rehearsing.
The band I'm in.
This fragment is missing a verb. It doesn't tell what the band I'm in is doing.
Because we have a concert in two weeks.
This fragment is missing an independent clause. It doesn't tell what happened because of the concert.

Question:
Is this a sentence fragment?
Long ago, fossils were used as evidence to support mythical tales. In fact, fourth-century Chinese historian Chang Qu once mislabeled a giant dinosaur bone as that of a dragon.

0. yes
1. no

[Assistant]
This is not a sentence fragment. It is a complete sentence because it expresses a complete thought.
Long ago, fossils were used as evidence to support mythical tales. In fact, fourth-century Chinese historian Chang Qu once mislabeled a giant dinosaur bone as that of a dragon.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Words change in meaning when speakers begin using them in new ways. For example, the word peruse once only meant to examine in detail, but it's now also commonly used to mean to look through in a casual manner.
When a word changes in meaning, its correct usage is often debated. Although a newer sense of the word may be more commonly used, many people consider a word's traditional definition to be the correct usage. Being able to distinguish the different uses of a word can help you use it appropriately for different audiences.
Britney perused her notes, carefully preparing for her exam.
The traditional usage above is considered more standard.
David perused the magazine, absentmindedly flipping through the pages.
The nontraditional usage above is now commonly used, but traditional style guides generally advise against it.

Question:
Which text uses the word travesty in its traditional sense?

0. Because the bank robbers were acquitted on a technicality, many people called the trial's outcome a travesty of justice.
1. Although no one was injured in the bank robbery, the event was a travesty for the bank.

[Assistant]
The second text uses travesty in its traditional sense: a ridiculous imitation; a parody.
Because the bank robbers were acquitted on a technicality, many people called the trial's outcome a travesty of justice.
The first text uses travesty in its nontraditional sense: a disappointment or a tragedy.
Although no one was injured in the bank robbery, the event was a travesty for the bank.
Most style guides recommend to use the traditional sense of the word travesty because it is considered more standard.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.
Dear Aunt Sue,
I'm glad you could come to my party, and
thank you for the birthday gift. I could not have
asked for a better one! Every time I see it, I think
of you.
With love,
Rory

Question:
Which greeting is correct for a letter?

0. Dear aunt Katie,
1. Dear Aunt Katie,

[Assistant]
The second greeting is correct:
Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. Aunt Katie is capitalized because it is a proper noun.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Formal writing is used for essays, business letters, and reports. The following types of informal language should be avoided in formal writing:
Type | Examples
slang | cool, awesome
idioms | knock your socks off
conversational language | gonna, kinda, yeah
abbreviated language | ASAP, FYI
overly simple or imprecise language | he got some stuff at the store
contractions | can't, won't
Contractions are not as informal as the other types, but they should be used sparingly in formal writing.
Compare the following sentences. The first is informal. The second is formal.
Informal: Yeah, ostriches can't fly, but they're awesome runners.
Formal: Though ostriches are flightless, they are remarkably adept runners.

Question:
Which sentence is more formal?

0. The cruise will begin in Florida and will make stops in Puerto Rico, Dominica, and the Bahamas.
1. The cruise will begin in Florida, and it'll make stops in Puerto Rico, Dominica, and the Bahamas.

[Assistant]
The second sentence is less formal. You can tell because it uses a contraction (it'll).
The first sentence does not use a contraction, so it is more formal.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different alleles, or forms, that can cause different versions of a trait.
For example, flower color is a trait in pea plants. The gene for this trait has two possible alleles. Each allele is represented by an uppercase or lowercase letter. The allele F is for purple flowers, and the allele f is for white flowers. Each pea plant has two alleles for the flower color geneone allele inherited from each parent.
An organism's genotype for a gene is its combination of alleles for that gene. So, a pea plant may have a genotype of FF, Ff, or ff for the flower color gene.
An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait, which depends on the organism's combination of alleles. A pea plant may have a phenotype of purple flowers or white flowers for the flower color trait.
Some traits, like flower color in pea plants, are controlled by a single gene. Most plants and animals have a genotype made up of two alleles for these traits. These two alleles determine whether an organism is homozygous or heterozygous for the gene.
An organism with two identical alleles for a gene is homozygous for that gene. A pea plant with the genotype FF or ff is homozygous for the flower color gene.
An organism with two different alleles for a gene is heterozygous for that gene. A pea plant with the genotype Ff is heterozygous for the flower color gene.
The types of alleles in an organism's genotype determine the organism's phenotype. Some alleles have types called dominant and recessive. These two types can cause different versions of a trait to appear as the organism's phenotype.
A dominant allele causes its version of the trait to appear even when the organism also has a recessive allele for the gene. In pea plants, the F allele, which causes purple flowers, is dominant over the f allele. A pea plant with at least one F allele will have the F allele's version of the flower color trait. So, a plant with the genotype FF or Ff will have purple flowers.
A recessive allele causes its version of the trait to appear only when the organism does not have any dominant alleles for the gene. In pea plants, the f allele, which causes white flowers, is recessive to the F allele. A pea plant with only f alleles will have the f allele's version of the flower color trait. So, a plant with the genotype ff will have white flowers.

Question:
Based on this information, what is this plant's phenotype for the flower color trait?

0. dark yellow flowers
1. light yellow flowers

[Assistant]
The rose plant's genotype for the flower color gene is FF. The rose plant's genotype of FF has only F allelles. The F allele is for light yellow flowers. So, the rose plant's phenotype for the flower color trait must be light yellow flowers.
To check this answer, consider whether the rose plant's alleles are dominant or recessive. The allele for light yellow flowers (F) is dominant over the allele for dark yellow flowers (f). This means F is a dominant allele, and f is a recessive allele.
The rose plant's genotype of FF has two dominant alleles. An organism with at least one dominant allele for a gene will have the dominant allele's version of the trait. So, the rose plant's phenotype for the flower color trait must be light yellow flowers.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Question:
Which of the following is an example of technologies?

0. a loom to weave fabric
1. a hurricane that damages homes

[Assistant] Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Plants and animals are living things. Living things are called organisms.
Plants come in many shapes and sizes. Most plants grow in the ground. They might grow leaves, flowers, and fruit. Plants cannot move around on their own like animals can.
Animals also come in many shapes and sizes. Most animals can move around. Animals might run, swim, jump, or fly. Animals eat plants or other organisms for food.

Question:
Select the animal.

0. Hydrangea bushes can grow colorful flowers.
1. Maple trees have star-shaped leaves.
2. Snowy owls eat small animals.
3. Rose bushes can grow colorful flowers.

[Assistant]
A rose bush is a plant. It can grow colorful flowers.
Most rose bushes have sharp thorns. The thorns help protect the rose bush from being eaten by animals.
A snowy owl is an animal. It eats small animals.
Snowy owls live in cold places. Snowy owls have feathers on their feet to protect them from the cold.
A maple tree is a plant. It has star-shaped leaves.
Maple trees have green leaves in the spring and summer. In the fall, their leaves turn yellow, red, or brown.
A hydrangea bush is a plant. It can grow colorful flowers.
Hydrangea bushes can have blue, white, purple, or pink flowers.
Therefore my final answer is: 2


[User]
Minerals are the building blocks of rocks. A rock can be made of one or more minerals.
Minerals and rocks have the following properties:
Property | Mineral | Rock
It is a solid. | Yes | Yes
It is formed in nature. | Yes | Yes
It is not made by organisms. | Yes | Yes
It is a pure substance. | Yes | No
It has a fixed crystal structure. | Yes | No
You can use these properties to tell whether a substance is a mineral, a rock, or neither.
Look closely at the last three properties:
Minerals and rocks are not made by organisms.
Organisms make their own body parts. For example, snails and clams make their shells. Because they are made by organisms, body parts cannot be  minerals or rocks.
Humans are organisms too. So, substances that humans make by hand or in factories are not minerals or rocks.
A mineral is a pure substance, but a rock is not.
A pure substance is made of only one type of matter.  Minerals are pure substances, but rocks are not. Instead, all rocks are mixtures.
A mineral has a fixed crystal structure, but a rock does not.
The crystal structure of a substance tells you how the atoms or molecules in the substance are arranged. Different types of minerals have different crystal structures, but all minerals have a fixed crystal structure. This means that the atoms and molecules in different pieces of the same type of mineral are always arranged the same way.
However, rocks do not have a fixed crystal structure. So, the arrangement of atoms or molecules in different pieces of the same type of rock may be different!

Question:
Select the one substance that is not a mineral.

0. Halite is formed in nature. It is a solid.
1. A nutshell is not a pure substance. It is formed in nature.
2. Gypsum is a solid. It is a pure substance.

[Assistant]
Compare the properties of each substance to the properties of minerals. Select the substance whose properties do not match those of minerals.
Halite is a mineral.
Gypsum is a mineral.
A nutshell is not a pure substance. But all minerals are pure substances.
So, a nutshell is not a mineral.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Mass is a measurement of how much matter something contains.
There are many different units of mass. When you are using customary units, mass may be written with units of ounces, pounds, or tons.
There are 16 ounces in 1 pound and 2,000 pounds in 1 ton.
So, 1 ounce is less than 1 pound and much less than 1 ton.
A slice of bread has a mass of about 1 ounce, while a can of beans has a mass of about 1 pound. A small car has a mass of about 1 ton.

Question:
What is the mass of a full box of cereal?

0. 18 tons
1. 18 ounces
2. 18 pounds

[Assistant]
The best estimate for the mass of a full box of cereal is 18 ounces.
18 pounds and 18 tons are both too heavy.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Anaphora is the repetition of the same word or words at the beginning of several phrases or clauses.
We are united. We are powerful. We are winners.
Antithesis involves contrasting opposing ideas within a parallel grammatical structure.
I want to help, not to hurt.
Apostrophe is a direct address to an absent person or a nonhuman entity.
Oh, little bird, what makes you sing so beautifully?
Assonance is the repetition of a vowel sound in a series of nearby words.
Try to light the fire.
Chiasmus is an expression in which the second half parallels the first but reverses the order of words.
Never let a fool kiss you or a kiss fool you.
Understatement involves deliberately representing something as less serious or important than it really is.
As you know, it can get a little cold in the Antarctic.

Question:
Which figure of speech is used in this text?
Magnified apples appear and disappear,
Stem end and blossom end,
And every fleck of russet showing clear.
Robert Frost, "After Apple-Picking"

0. anaphora
1. assonance

[Assistant]
The text uses assonance, the repetition of a vowel sound in a series of nearby words.
The words stem, end, every, and fleck share a vowel sound.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Question:
Is the following statement true or false?
An animal cell does not have a cell wall.

0. true
1. false

[Assistant]
An animal cell does not have a cell wall.
This statement is true. A plant cell has a cell wall, but an animal cell does not. The cell wall gives a plant cell its fixed shape. Most animal cells do not have a fixed shape.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
Here, Lila alludes to the fairy tale "Cinderella," in which Cinderella must leave the ball before the coach that brought her transforms into a pumpkin. The allusion shows that Lila must depart immediately.

Question:
What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
The sandy white beaches and turquoise waters make this Gulf of Mexico location its own little utopia.

0. literature
1. U.S. history

[Assistant]
The source of the allusion utopia is literature.
Beginning with Sir Thomas More in 1516, countless authors have written about perfect worlds, or "utopias," often for the purpose of criticizing the societies in which they live.
The allusion utopia means an ideal place.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
An object's speed tells you how fast the object is moving. Speed depends on both distance and time.
Distance tells you how far the object has moved. One unit used to measure distance is the mile.
Time tells you how long the object has spent moving. One unit used to measure time is the hour.
Think about two objects moving for the same amount of time. The object that is moving slower will go a shorter distance in that time. It is moving at a lower speed.

Question:
Compare the motion of two humpback whales. Which humpback whale was moving at a lower speed?

0. a humpback whale that moved 20miles in 10hours
1. a humpback whale that moved 25miles in 10hours

[Assistant]
Look at the distance each humpback whale moved and the time it took to move that distance.
One humpback whale moved 20 miles in 10 hours.
The other humpback whale moved 25 miles in 10 hours.
Notice that each humpback whale spent the same amount of time moving. The humpback whale that moved 20 miles moved a shorter distance in that time. So, that humpback whale must have moved at a lower speed.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Every object is made of one or more materials. A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.
A material has different properties. A material's properties tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Some examples of properties are shiny, hard, fragile, and stretchy.
For example, a shiny material reflects a lot of light. A fragile material breaks when you drop it.

Question:
Which is the hardest?

0. ice rink
1. linen handkerchief
2. silk kimono

[Assistant]
Hard is a property. A hard material keeps its shape when you press on it with your finger.
Look at each picture, one at a time. Imagine pushing on the material shown in each picture.
Of the choices, the ice rink is the hardest. If you step on the ice at an ice rink, it will not change shape.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Imagine being told that a pencil is 8 long. You might be thinking, 8 what? Is the pencil 8 inches long? 8 feet? 8 miles?
The number 8 on its own does not give you much information about the length of the pencil. That is because the units are missing.
Now look at the drawing of the pencil and the ruler. The ruler shows that the units are inches. So, the length of the pencil is 8 inches.
There are 12 inches in 1 foot. So, 1 inch is much shorter than 1 foot.
There are 3 feet in 1 yard. So, 1 foot is shorter than 1 yard.

Question:
How long is a guitar?

0. 35 inches
1. 35 feet

[Assistant]
The better estimate for the length of a guitar is 35 inches.
35 feet is too long.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
A sentence is a group of words that forms a complete thought. It has both a subject and a verb.
My friends walk along the path.
A sentence fragment is a group of words that does not express a complete thought. It is usually missing a subject or a verb.
Knows the answer.
This is a sentence fragment. It is missing a subject.
Who knows the answer? She knows the answer.
The bright red car.
This is a sentence fragment. It is missing a verb.
What did the bright red car do? The bright red car stopped.
A run-on sentence is made up of two sentences that are joined without end punctuation or with just a comma.
I knocked on the door it opened.
It started raining, we ran inside.
To fix a run-on sentence, separate it into two sentences. Add end punctuation after the first sentence, and capitalize the second sentence.
I knocked on the door. It opened.
It started raining. We ran inside.
You can also fix a run-on sentence by rewriting it as a compound sentence. A compound sentence is two sentences joined by a comma and a conjunction such as and, but, or, or so.
I knocked on the door, and it opened.
It started raining, so we ran inside.

Question:
Which is a sentence fragment?

0. Danielle is from Fairfax now she lives in Middletown.
1. That awful noise from the large factory.

[Assistant]
That awful noise from the large factory is a sentence fragment. It is missing a verb.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Chemical changes and physical changes are two common ways matter can change.
In a chemical change, the type of matter changes. The types of matter before and after a chemical change are always different.
Burning a piece of paper is a chemical change. When paper gets hot enough, it reacts with oxygen in the air and burns. The paper and oxygen change into ash and smoke.
In a physical change, the type of matter stays the same. The types of matter before and after a physical change are always the same.
Cutting a piece of paper is a physical change. The cut pieces are still made of paper.
A change of state is a type of physical change. For example, ice melting is a physical change. Ice and liquid water are made of the same type of matter: water.

Question:
Complete the sentence.
Butter melting on a hot day is a ().

0. chemical change
1. physical change

[Assistant]
Butter melting on a hot day is a change of state. So, it is a physical change. The butter changes from solid to liquid, but it is still made of the same type of matter.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment. Children do not inherit their parents' acquired traits.

Question:
Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Carrie has five fingers on each hand.

0. acquired
1. inherited

[Assistant]
Most humans are born with five fingers on each hand. So, having five fingers is an inherited trait.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
People around the world live in three main kinds of places: urban areas, suburban areas, and rural areas.
An urban area is a city. It has many people and businesses. The buildings are close to each other. The buildings are often tall and have many floors. Since there are so many people, traffic is usually bad. People will walk or take the bus, train, or subway to avoid traffic.
A suburban area, or suburb, is near a city. It is quieter and less crowded than an urban area. People usually live in houses with yards. Most people drive to get places.
A rural area is less crowded than both urban and suburban areas. Houses are much more spread out. People usually have to drive to get places. People in rural areas often live on farms or ranches.
Some places, like small towns, don't really fit into any of the types. A small town does not have as many people as an urban area, but it has more people than a rural area. It is not near a city, so it is not called a suburb.

Question:
Which place usually has fewer cars?

0. a rural area
1. an urban area

[Assistant]
There aren't as many cars or people in rural areas.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
An allusion is a brief reference to something or someone well known, often from history or literature.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.

Question:
What does the allusion in this text suggest?
Kurt seems to have the Midas touch. Without any special experience or training, he launched a thriving business and then established a well-respected charity.

0. Kurt has a hands-on approach to his work.
1. Kurt is successful at all that he does.

[Assistant]
The text uses an allusion, a brief reference to someone or something well known.
The allusion the Midas touch suggests that Kurt is successful at all that he does. In Greek mythology, King Midas has the power to turn anything he touches into gold, easily creating value from nothing.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
There are more than 100 different chemical elements, or types of atoms. Chemical elements make up all of the substances around you.
A substance may be composed of one chemical element or multiple chemical elements. Substances that are composed of only one chemical element are elementary substances. Substances that are composed of multiple chemical elements bonded together are compounds.
Every chemical element is represented by its own atomic symbol. An atomic symbol may consist of one capital letter, or it may consist of a capital letter followed by a lowercase letter. For example, the atomic symbol for the chemical element fluorine is F, and the atomic symbol for the chemical element beryllium is Be.
The atomic symbol for each chemical element in a substance is shown in the substance's chemical formula.
An elementary substance is represented by a chemical formula that contains only one atomic symbol.
The atomic symbol in a chemical formula may be followed by a small number written lower than the symbol. This number is called a subscript. A subscript is included when the atoms in the elementary substance are bonded to form molecules. The subscript shows how many atoms are in each molecule.
For example, the chemical formula for the elementary substance oxygen, O2, has a subscript of 2. This subscript shows that the atomic symbol O represents two atoms. The elementary substance O2 and the chemical element represented by the atomic symbol O are both named oxygen. So, the formula tells you that each molecule of O2 contains two oxygen atoms.
A compound is represented by a chemical formula that contains multiple atomic symbols.
The chemical elements in a compound are bonded together in a fixed ratio. This ratio is shown in a compound's chemical formula.
For example, in the compound beryllium fluoride, there is one beryllium atom for every two fluorine atoms. So, the ratio of beryllium atoms to fluorine atoms is 1 to 2. This ratio is shown in the chemical formula for beryllium fluoride, BeF2. There is no subscript following the atomic symbol Be because that symbol represents one atom. The subscript 2 follows the atomic symbol F to show that the symbol represents two atoms.

Question:
Complete the statement.
Potassium bromide is ().

0. an elementary substance
1. a compound

[Assistant]
You can tell whether potassium bromide is an elementary substance or a compound by counting the number of atomic symbols in its chemical formula. An atomic symbol consists of either one capital letter or a capital letter followed by one or two lowercase letters.
The chemical formula for potassium bromide, KBr, contains two atomic symbols: K for potassium and Br for bromine. So, the formula tells you that potassium bromide is composed of two chemical elements bonded together.
Since potassium bromide is composed of multiple chemical elements bonded together, potassium bromide is a compound.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Every object is made of one or more materials. A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.
A material has different properties. A material's properties tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Some examples of properties are shiny, hard, fragile, and stretchy.
For example, a shiny material reflects a lot of light. A fragile material breaks when you drop it.

Question:
Which is the smoothest?

0. nylon swim shorts
1. rock wall
2. sandpaper

[Assistant]
Smooth is a property. A smooth material is not rough or bumpy.
Look at each picture, one at a time. Imagine touching the material shown in each picture.
Of the choices, the nylon swim shorts are the smoothest. If you touch nylon fabric, it will not feel rough.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Poets often use the sounds of words to create interesting effects and to express moods and emotions. Understanding these elements of poetry can help you better interpret and appreciate poetic forms.
Anaphora is the repetition of words or sequences of words at the beginning of multiple phrases, sentences, or lines.
Out of the cradle endlessly rocking,
Out of the mocking-bird's throat, the musical shuttle,
Out of the Ninth-month midnight
From Walt Whitman, "Out of the Cradle Endlessly Rocking"
Onomatopoeia is when language sounds like what it talks about.
Sometimes the onomatopoeia uses made-up words:
Tlot-tlot! tlot-tlot! Had they heard it? The horse hoofs ringing clear.
From Alfred Noyes, "The Highwayman"
Sometimes the onomatopoeia uses real words:
Hark! the honey bee is humming.
From Mary Howitt, "The Voice of Spring"
Alliteration is when beginning consonant sounds are repeated in words that are close together.
Where the wild men watched and waited
Wolves in the forest, and bears in the bush.
From Bayard Taylor, "A Night with a Wolf"
Assonance is the repetition of vowel sounds. Often, assonance can create rhymes or near-rhymes within lines.
I wandered lonely as a Cloud
That floats on high o'er Vales and Hills,
When all at once I saw a crowd,
A host of golden Daffodils.
From William Wordsworth, "I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud"
Meter is a poem's rhythm, or the pattern of strong and weak syllables. Strong syllables are stressed, while weak syllables are unstressed.
A poem has an iambic meter when the beat sounds like da-DUM. A weak syllable is followed by a strong syllable. Occasionally, a line may begin with a strong syllable.
He watches from his mountain walls,
And like a thunderbolt he falls.
From Alfred, Lord Tennyson, "The Eagle"
A poem has a trochaic meter when the beat sounds like DUM-da. A strong syllable is followed by a weak syllable. Occasionally, a line may end in a strong syllable.
Back into the chamber turning, all my soul within me burning,
Soon again I heard a tapping somewhat louder than before.
From Edgar Allen Poe, "The Raven"
Free verse is when a poem has neither a regular rhythm nor a rhyme pattern.
The old bridge has a wrinkled face.
He bends his back
For us to go over.
From Hilda Conkling, "The Old Bridge"
The syllables in bold are strong. You can see this poem does not have a regular rhythm. It also doesn't have a rhyme pattern.

Question:
Choose the poem that uses alliteration.

0. Snug in my easy chair,
I stirred the fire to flame.
Fantastically fair
The flickering fancies came.
1. When the cold dawn stood above the house-tops,
Too late I remembered the cry
In the night of a wild bird flying
Through the rain-filled sky.

[Assistant]
This poem uses alliteration. It repeats beginning consonant sounds.
I stirred the fire to flame.
The flickering fancies came.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought.
The band I'm in has been rehearsing daily because we have a concert in two weeks.
A run-on sentence is formed when two sentences are run together, joined by just a comma or by no punctuation at all. If only a comma is used, the run-on is called a comma splice.
The band I'm in has been rehearsing daily, we have a concert in two weeks.
The band I'm in has been rehearsing daily we have a concert in two weeks.
There are several ways to fix a run-on sentence:
Use stronger punctuation, such as a period or a semicolon.
The band I'm in has been rehearsing daily. We have a concert in two weeks.
The band I'm in has been rehearsing daily; we have a concert in two weeks.
Use a comma and a coordinating conjunction to create a compound sentence. Coordinating conjunctions include and, but, or, and so.
The band I'm in has been rehearsing daily, and we have a concert in two weeks.
Use a subordinating conjunction or a relative pronoun to create a complex sentence. Subordinating conjunctions include after, although, as, because, before, if, since, unless, until, when, and while. Relative pronouns include that, which, who, whom, and whose.
The band I'm in has been rehearsing daily since we have a concert in two weeks.

Question:
Is this a run-on sentence?
A helium-filled balloon called the Double Eagle II completed the first transatlantic balloon flight in history in 1978, it landed in a barley field near Paris about 140 hours after lifting off from Presque Isle, Maine.

0. no
1. yes

[Assistant]
This is a run-on sentence. It is a comma splice formed from two sentences run together, joined by just a comma.
A helium-filled balloon called the Double Eagle II completed the first transatlantic balloon flight in history in 1978, it landed in a barley field near Paris about 140 hours after lifting off from Presque Isle, Maine.
Here is one way to fix the run-on sentence:
A helium-filled balloon called the Double Eagle II completed the first transatlantic balloon flight in history in 1978. It landed in a barley field near Paris about 140 hours after lifting off from Presque Isle, Maine.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Present tense verbs tell you about something that is happening now.
Most present-tense verbs are regular. They have no ending, or they end in -s or -es.
Two verbs are irregular in the present tense, to be and to have. You must remember their forms.
Past tense verbs tell you about something that has already happened.
Most past-tense verbs are regular. They end in -ed.
Some verbs are irregular in the past tense. You must remember their past-tense forms.
Future tense verbs tell you about something that is going to happen.
All future-tense verbs use the word will.
Present | Past | Future
walk, walks | walked | will walk
go, goes | went | will go

Question:
Which tense does the sentence use?
The woman hammers the nails.

0. present tense
1. past tense
2. future tense

[Assistant]
The sentence is in present tense. You can tell because it uses a present-tense verb, hammers. The verb ends in -s and tells you about something that is true or happening now.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.
Dear Aunt Sue,
I'm glad you could come to my party, and
thank you for the birthday gift. I could not have
asked for a better one! Every time I see it, I think
of you.
With love,
Rory

Question:
Which greeting is correct for a letter?

0. Dear Mr. Carson,
1. Dear Mr. carson,

[Assistant]
The first greeting is correct:
Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. Mr. Carson is capitalized because it is a proper noun.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
A force is a push or a pull that acts on an object. Every force has a direction and a magnitude, or strength. If two forces act on an object in opposite directions, the forces are called opposing forces.
When opposing forces have the same magnitude, they are balanced. If all the forces on an object are balanced, there is no net force on the object.
When opposing forces have different magnitudes, the forces are unbalanced. If any forces on an object are unbalanced, there is a net force on the object.

Question:
Assume all other forces on the television are balanced. Which statement describes the forces on the television?

0. The forces are unbalanced, so there is a net force on the television.
1. The forces are balanced, so there is no net force on the television.

[Assistant]
To determine if there is a net force on the television, look at the forces:
Luke is pulling the television up with a force of 500 N.
Earth's gravity is pulling the television down with a force of 500 N.
The forces are in opposite directions, and the forces have the same magnitude: 500 N. This means that the forces are balanced, so there is no net force on the television.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
A force is a push or a pull.
A force can make an object start moving or stop an object that is moving. A force can also make an object speed up, slow down, or change direction.
Forces can be different sizes.
Think about trying to move a heavy object and a light object. Imagine you want to move them at the same speed. You will need to use a larger force to move the heavy object.

Question:
Ethan starts to pull the wagon across the yard. To move the wagon at the same speed each time, which friend does Ethan need to pull with a larger force?

0. a friend who weighs 21 pounds
1. a friend who weighs 28 pounds

[Assistant]
Look for the friend who is heavier.
A friend who weighs 28 pounds is heavier than a friend who weighs 21 pounds. So, to move the wagon at the same speed each time, Ethan needs to use a larger force to start moving the wagon with a friend who weighs 28 pounds.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment. Children do not inherit their parents' acquired traits.

Question:
Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Melissa plays basketball.

0. acquired
1. inherited

[Assistant]
People are not born knowing how to play basketball. Instead, some people learn how to play basketball. Playing the sport takes practice. So, playing basketball is an acquired trait.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Informal writing is typically used in casual situations or when communicating with someone you know well. Informal language often expresses familiarity and tends to sound more like speech. It uses more conversational language, such as slang, idioms, abbreviations, imprecise language, and contractions.
Formal writing is typically used in academic and business writing or when writing directly to an authority figure. It tends to be more courteous and impersonal, avoiding overly familiar or conversational language.
Compare the following sentences.
Informal: Yeah, ostriches can't fly, but I think they're awesome.
More formal: Ostriches may be flightless, but they're remarkable runners.
Most formal: Though flightless, ostriches are remarkable runners.

Question:
Which set of instructions is more formal?

0. Wash hands, utensils, and work surfaces after touching raw meat or poultry.
1. If you're going to be touching raw meat or poultry, you'd better wash your hands, forks, knives, and cutting boards afterward.

[Assistant]
The second set of instructions is more formal. It uses more impersonal language and a direct command (wash utensils). The other set of instructions uses more conversational language (if you're going to be touching, you'd better).
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere.
Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day.
Climate is the pattern of weather in a certain place. For example, summer temperatures in New York are usually higher than winter temperatures.

Question:
Does this passage describe the weather or the climate?
The wind is weak today in Dover, Delaware.

0. weather
1. climate

[Assistant]
Read the text carefully.
The wind is weak today in Dover, Delaware.
This passage tells you about the wind speed in Dover today. It describes the atmosphere at a certain place and time. So, this passage describes the weather.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
Here, Lila alludes to the fairy tale "Cinderella," in which Cinderella must leave the ball before the coach that brought her transforms into a pumpkin. The allusion shows that Lila must depart immediately.

Question:
What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
Gwen told her friends that Mark was a typical Peter Pan type.

0. a song
1. literature

[Assistant]
The source of the allusion Peter Pan is literature.
In a J. M. Barrie novel, the character Peter Pan retreats to Neverland and refuses to grow up.
The allusion Peter Pan means a person who won't take on adult responsibilities.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different alleles, or forms, that can cause different versions of a trait.
For example, flower color is a trait in pea plants. The gene for this trait has two possible alleles. Each allele is represented by an uppercase or lowercase letter. The allele F is for purple flowers, and the allele f is for white flowers. Each pea plant has two alleles for the flower color geneone allele inherited from each parent.
An organism's genotype for a gene is its combination of alleles for that gene. So, a pea plant may have a genotype of FF, Ff, or ff for the flower color gene.
An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait, which depends on the organism's combination of alleles. A pea plant may have a phenotype of purple flowers or white flowers for the flower color trait.
Some traits, like flower color in pea plants, are controlled by a single gene. Most plants and animals have a genotype made up of two alleles for these traits. These two alleles determine whether an organism is homozygous or heterozygous for the gene.
An organism with two identical alleles for a gene is homozygous for that gene. A pea plant with the genotype FF or ff is homozygous for the flower color gene.
An organism with two different alleles for a gene is heterozygous for that gene. A pea plant with the genotype Ff is heterozygous for the flower color gene.
The types of alleles in an organism's genotype determine the organism's phenotype. Some alleles have types called dominant and recessive. These two types can cause different versions of a trait to appear as the organism's phenotype.
A dominant allele causes its version of the trait to appear even when the organism also has a recessive allele for the gene. In pea plants, the F allele, which causes purple flowers, is dominant over the f allele. A pea plant with at least one F allele will have the F allele's version of the flower color trait. So, a plant with the genotype FF or Ff will have purple flowers.
A recessive allele causes its version of the trait to appear only when the organism does not have any dominant alleles for the gene. In pea plants, the f allele, which causes white flowers, is recessive to the F allele. A pea plant with only f alleles will have the f allele's version of the flower color trait. So, a plant with the genotype ff will have white flowers.

Question:
Based on this information, what is Marina's phenotype for the tail spots trait?

0. a spotted tail
1. an unspotted tail

[Assistant]
Marina's genotype for the tail spots gene is ii. Marina's genotype of ii has only i alleles. The i allele is for an unspotted tail. So, Marina's phenotype for the tail spots trait must be an unspotted tail.
To check this answer, consider whether Marina's alleles are dominant or recessive. The allele for a spotted tail (I) is dominant over the allele for an unspotted tail (i). This means I is a dominant allele, and i is a recessive allele.
Marina's genotype of ii has only recessive alleles. An organism with only recessive alleles for a gene will have the recessive allele's version of the trait. So, Marina's phenotype for the tail spots trait must be an unspotted tail.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment. Children do not inherit their parents' acquired traits.

Question:
Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Regan plays hockey.

0. acquired
1. inherited

[Assistant]
People are not born knowing how to play hockey. Instead, some people learn how to play hockey. Playing the sport takes practice. So, playing hockey is an acquired trait.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
The protean nature of the disease makes it difficult to diagnose.
The word protean is an allusion to the sea god Proteus in Greek mythology. Because the sea is constantly changing, to describe something as protean suggests that it is variable or in flux.

Question:
What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
Max spoke at the city council meeting, claiming the new recycling regulations were draconian.

0. Greek history
1. a fable

[Assistant]
The source of the allusion draconian is Greek history.
Draco, a government official in seventh-century Athens, Greece, wrote a code of laws that called for severe punishments for even minor offenses.
The allusion draconian means harsh.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Volume is a measurement of how much space something takes up.
There are many different units of volume. When you are using customary units, volume may be written in units of fluid ounces, cups, or gallons.
As the diagram shows, there are 8 fluid ounces in 1 cup and 16 cups in 1 gallon. So, 1 fluid ounce is less than 1 cup and much less than 1 gallon.
A glass of milk has a volume of about 8 fluid ounces, or 1 cup. A jug of milk has a volume of 1 gallon.

Question:
What is the volume of a large trash can?

0. 17 fluid ounces
1. 17 cups
2. 17 gallons

[Assistant]
The best estimate for the volume of a large trash can is 17 gallons.
17 fluid ounces and 17 cups are both too little.
Therefore my final answer is: 2


[User]
All solids, liquids, and gases are made of matter. Matter is made up of tiny particles that are always moving. The energy from the motion of these particles is called thermal energy.
Temperature measures how hot or cold matter is. If the particles in matter move faster, the temperature goes up. The matter now has both more thermal energy and a higher temperature.

Question:
Which object has the most thermal energy?

0. a cookie at a temperature of 62F
1. a cookie at a temperature of 85F
2. a cookie at a temperature of 94F

[Assistant]
All three cookies have the same mass but different temperatures. Since the 94F cookie is the hottest, it has the most thermal energy.
Therefore my final answer is: 2


[User]
Fish live underwater. They have fins, not limbs.

Question:
Select the fish.

0. horned frog
1. cassowary
2. Amazon tree boa
3. tiger shark

[Assistant]
An Amazon tree boa is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin.
Tree boas eat small mammals, birds, lizards, and frogs. Tree boas only need to eat once every few months!
A cassowary is a bird. It has feathers, two wings, and a beak.
Cassowaries have wings, but they cannot fly! They can run very fast.
A horned frog is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water.
Frogs live near water or in damp places. Most frogs lay their eggs in water.
A tiger shark is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs.
Tiger sharks are nocturnal. This means that they are active mostly at night.
Therefore my final answer is: 3


[User]
Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Temperature can be written with units of degrees Fahrenheit (F) or Celsius (C). Use the list below to compare the two units.
212F | Water boils | 100C
98.6F | Body temperature | 37C
68F | Room temperature | 20C
32F | Water freezes | 0C

Question:
What is the temperature of a warm loaf of bread?

0. 60C
1. 60F

[Assistant]
The better estimate for the temperature of a warm loaf of bread is 60C.
60F is too cold.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Every object is made of one or more materials. A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.
A material has different properties. A material's properties tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells.

Question:
Which is stickier?

0. tape
1. ice cube

[Assistant]
Sticky is a property. A sticky material can stick to other things.
Look at each picture, one at a time. Imagine touching the material shown in each picture.
Of the choices, the tape is stickier. If you touch a piece of tape, it will stick to you.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits. Offspring receive their genes, and therefore gain their inherited traits, from their biological parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment. Parents do not pass acquired traits down to their offspring.

Question:
What information supports the conclusion that Mark inherited this trait?

0. Mark's friend also has hazel eyes.
1. Mark wears glasses and so do his sisters.
2. Mark's biological father wears contacts in his hazel eyes.

[Assistant] Therefore my final answer is: 2


[User]
Personification is giving human characteristics to nonhuman things. It is a figure of speech that can be used to make writing more interesting or to emphasize a point.
The trees danced in the wind.
The word danced describes the trees as if they were people. Unlike people, however, trees can't actually dance. Instead, the personification suggests that the trees are moving.

Question:
Complete the sentence so that it uses personification.
The () sun beat down upon the heads of the construction workers.

0. cruel
1. hot

[Assistant]
Complete the sentence with the word cruel. It describes the sun as if it were a mean person.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
A euphemism is a polite or indirect expression that is used to de-emphasize an unpleasant topic.
The head of Human Resources would never refer to firing people, only to laying them off.
Hyperbole is an obvious exaggeration that is not meant to be taken literally.
I ate so much that I think I might explode!
An oxymoron is a joining of two seemingly contradictory terms.
Some reviewers are calling this book a new classic.
A paradox is a statement that might at first appear to be contradictory, but that may in fact contain some truth.
Always expect the unexpected.

Question:
Which figure of speech is used in this text?
The Conway family is going to spend two weeks in Ocean City, but for Jerry it will be a working vacation, since he'll be checking in with the office every day.

0. euphemism
1. oxymoron

[Assistant]
The text uses an oxymoron, a joining of two seemingly contradictory terms.
Working vacation is a contradiction, because going on a vacation implies that you are taking a break from work.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment.

Question:
What information supports the conclusion that Albert inherited this trait?

0. Albert likes to wear a blue sweater to match his blue eyes.
1. Albert's mother has blue eyes. She passed this trait down to Albert.

[Assistant] Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment.

Question:
What information supports the conclusion that Nathan acquired this trait?

0. Nathan's scar was caused by an accident. He cut his arm when he fell off his bicycle.
1. Some scars fade more quickly than others.

[Assistant] Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Vertebrates and invertebrates are both groups of animals.
A vertebrate has a backbone. The backbone is made of many bones in an animal's back. A vertebrate's backbone helps connect the different parts of its body. In the drawings below, each vertebrate's backbone is colored orange.
An invertebrate does not have a backbone. In fact, invertebrates do not have any bones! Some invertebrates have an outer cover on their body called an exoskeleton. Other invertebrates have a soft body.

Question:
Select the vertebrate.

0. banana slug
1. zebra dove
2. lion's mane jellyfish
3. monarch butterfly

[Assistant]
A zebra dove is a bird. Like other birds, a zebra dove is a vertebrate. It has a backbone.
A monarch butterfly is an insect. Like other insects, a monarch butterfly is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has an exoskeleton.
Like other slugs, a banana slug is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has a soft body.
Like other jellyfishes, a lion's mane jellyfish is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has a soft body.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
There are four kinds of sentences.
A declarative sentence is a statement, and it always ends with a period.
The nurse told Mr. Abrams to roll up his sleeve so that she could check his blood pressure.
An interrogative sentence is a question, and it always ends with a question mark.
Do you have any plans for the upcoming weekend?
An imperative sentence is a command. It makes a request or tells someone to do something, and it usually ends with a period. If the command shows strong feeling, it ends with an exclamation point.
For this assignment, use references to support your claims.
Don't drive so quickly in the construction zone!
An exclamatory sentence is like a statement, but it shows surprise or strong feeling. An exclamatory sentence always ends with an exclamation point.
I can't wait to travel through Europe this summer!

Question:
What kind of sentence is this?
Why did the photographer choose to shoot the sunset in black and white?

0. declarative
1. interrogative
2. exclamatory

[Assistant]
The sentence asks something, and it ends with a question mark. It is an interrogative sentence.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Every object is made of one or more materials. A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.
A material has different properties. A material's properties tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Some examples of properties are shiny, hard, fragile, and stretchy.
For example, a shiny material reflects a lot of light. A fragile material breaks when you drop it.

Question:
Which is softer?

0. cotton shirt
1. glass marbles

[Assistant]
Soft is a property. A soft material changes shape when pressed or squeezed.
Look at each picture, one at a time. Imagine touching the material shown in each picture.
Of the choices, the cotton shirt is softer. If you squeeze cotton fabric, it will change shape.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment. Children do not inherit their parents' acquired traits.

Question:
Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Mia has a scar on her right leg.

0. acquired
1. inherited

[Assistant]
Children do not inherit their parent's scars. Instead, scars are caused by the environment. People can get scars after they get hurt. So, having a scar is an acquired trait.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
An object's speed tells you how fast the object is moving. Speed depends on both distance and time.
Distance tells you how far the object has moved. One unit used to measure distance is the mile.
Time tells you how long the object has spent moving. One unit used to measure time is the hour.
Think about objects moving for the same amount of time. The object that is moving the slowest will go the shortest distance in that time. It is moving at the lowest speed.

Question:
Compare the motion of three ducks. Which duck was moving at the lowest speed?

0. a duck that moved 430miles east in 10hours
1. a duck that moved 525miles north in 10hours
2. a duck that moved 555miles north in 10hours

[Assistant]
Look at the distance each duck moved and the time it took to move that distance. The direction each duck moved does not affect its speed.
Notice that each duck moved for 10 hours. The duck that moved 430 miles moved the shortest distance in that time. So, that duck must have moved at the lowest speed.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
The title of a book, movie, play, TV show, magazine, or newspaper should be in italics. If you write it by hand, it can be underlined instead.
A Midsummer Night's Dream
The title of a poem, song, article, or short story should be in quotation marks.
"You Are My Sunshine"

Question:
Which correctly shows the title of a TV show?

0. ***Foster's Home for Imaginary Friends***
1. "Foster's Home for Imaginary Friends"

[Assistant]
A TV show should be in italics.
The correct title is **Foster's Home for Imaginary Friends**.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
When writing research papers, you will often be asked to follow a particular style guide for your citations. One popular style guide is the Modern Language Association (MLA) Handbook.
Below are the basic formats for some common types of Works Cited entries. Consult the MLA Handbook for a complete list.
Books:
Format | Author(s). Book Title. City of Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication. Medium of Publication.
Example | Austen, Jane. Pride and Prejudice. New York: Dover Publications, 1995. Print.
Essays, short stories, or poems in an anthology or book:
Format | Author(s). "Essay, Poem, or Short Story Title." Anthology or Book Title. Ed. Editor Name. City of Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication. Page Number(s). Medium of Publication.
Example | James, Henry. "The Middle Years." The Oxford Book of American Short Stories. Ed. Joyce Carol Oates. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2013. 116-135. Print.
Magazine and newspaper articles:
Format | Author(s). "Article Title." Title of Magazine or Newspaper Date of Publication: Page(s). Medium of Publication.
Example | Hayes, David J., and James H. Stock. "The Real Cost of Coal." New York Times 24 Mar. 2015: n. pag. Web. 25 Mar. 2015.
Journal articles:
Format | Author(s). "Article Title." Title of Journal Volume.Issue (Year): Page(s). Medium of Publication.
Example | Gillette, Jane, et al. "Human Simulations of Vocabulary Learning." Cognition 73.2 (1999): 135-176. Print.
Web pages:
Format | Author(s). "Page Title." Name of Website. Publisher, Date of Publication. Medium of Publication. Date of Access.
Example | Gunn, Janelle P., and Lauren E. Owens. "How to Slash Sodium from Your Diet." Livestrong.com. Demand Media, 30 Mar. 2015. Web. 31 Mar. 2015.
Additional guidelines:
Author Names. The first author's name is written in last name, first name format (Smith, Jane). Additional author names are written in first name last name format (Smith, Jane, and John Doe). If there are more than three authors, the first author's name is followed by "et al.," which stands for and others (e.g., Smith, Jane, et al.).
Medium of Publication. Each entry must include information about what form the content was communicated in. The most common mediums are "Print" and "Web," but other possibilities include "Film," "E-mail," and "Lecture." Whenever the Medium of Publication is "Web," the date of access (the day, month, and year the webpage was viewed) must be listed directly after the Medium of Publication.
Editors and Translators. If a work has an editor or a translator, this information must be added to the Works Cited entry using the appropriate abbreviation. "Ed." stands for edited by. "Trans." stands for translated by.
Missing Information. If a work has no known author, the author section of the citation is simply left out. If a work has no available page numbers, the abbreviation "n. pag." is used instead. If a work has no available publication date, the abbreviation "n.d." is used instead. If a work has no available publisher or no available city of publication, the abbreviation "n.p." is used instead.

Question:
What does this Works Cited entry indicate about the cited work?
"Taxes Introduction." Shmoop. Shmoop University, n.d. Web. 2 Jan. 2014.

0. It is a print source.
1. It is a review.
2. It is an online source.

[Assistant]
Look closely at the Works Cited entry:
"Taxes Introduction." Shmoop. Shmoop University, n.d. Web. 2 Jan. 2014.
You can tell that the cited work is an online source because "Web" is listed as the medium of publication.
Therefore my final answer is: 2


[User]
All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different alleles, or forms, that can cause different versions of a trait.
For example, flower color is a trait in pea plants. The gene for this trait has two possible alleles. Each allele is represented by an uppercase or lowercase letter. The allele F is for purple flowers, and the allele f is for white flowers. Each pea plant has two alleles for the flower color geneone allele inherited from each parent.
An organism's genotype for a gene is its combination of alleles for that gene. So, a pea plant may have a genotype of FF, Ff, or ff for the flower color gene.
An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait, which depends on the organism's combination of alleles. A pea plant may have a phenotype of purple flowers or white flowers for the flower color trait.
Some traits, like flower color in pea plants, are controlled by a single gene. Most plants and animals have a genotype made up of two alleles for these traits. These two alleles determine whether an organism is homozygous or heterozygous for the gene.
An organism with two identical alleles for a gene is homozygous for that gene. A pea plant with the genotype FF or ff is homozygous for the flower color gene.
An organism with two different alleles for a gene is heterozygous for that gene. A pea plant with the genotype Ff is heterozygous for the flower color gene.
The types of alleles in an organism's genotype determine the organism's phenotype. Some alleles have types called dominant and recessive. These two types can cause different versions of a trait to appear as the organism's phenotype.
A dominant allele causes its version of the trait to appear even when the organism also has a recessive allele for the gene. In pea plants, the F allele, which causes purple flowers, is dominant over the f allele. A pea plant with at least one F allele will have the F allele's version of the flower color trait. So, a plant with the genotype FF or Ff will have purple flowers.
A recessive allele causes its version of the trait to appear only when the organism does not have any dominant alleles for the gene. In pea plants, the f allele, which causes white flowers, is recessive to the F allele. A pea plant with only f alleles will have the f allele's version of the flower color trait. So, a plant with the genotype ff will have white flowers.

Question:
Based on this information, what is Petunia's phenotype for the wool color trait?

0. black wool
1. white wool

[Assistant]
Petunia's genotype for the wool color gene is LL. Petunia's genotype of LL has only L allelles. The L allele is for white wool. So, Petunia's phenotype for the wool color trait must be white wool.
To check this answer, consider whether Petunia's alleles are dominant or recessive. The allele for black wool (l) is recessive to the allele for white wool (L). This means L is a dominant allele, and l is a recessive allele.
Petunia's genotype of LL has two dominant alleles. An organism with at least one dominant allele for a gene will have the dominant allele's version of the trait. So, Petunia's phenotype for the wool color trait must be white wool.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
In a title, capitalize the first word, the last word, and every important word in between.
The Wind in the Willows James and the Giant Peach
These words are not important in titles:
Articles, a, an, the
Short prepositions, such as at, by, for, in, of, on, to, up
Coordinating conjunctions, such as and, but, or

Question:
Which correctly shows the title of an article?

0. "State of the Art"
1. "state of the Art"

[Assistant]
Capitalize the first word, the last word, and every important word in between. The words of and the are not important, so they should not be capitalized.
The correct title is "State of the Art."
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.
Dear Aunt Sue,
I'm glad you could come to my party, and
thank you for the birthday gift. I could not have
asked for a better one! Every time I see it, I think
of you.
With love,
Rory

Question:
Which closing is correct for a letter?

0. Thank You,
Colton
1. Thank you,
Colton

[Assistant]
The second closing is correct:
Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Question:
Which change better matches the sentence?
Water moves loose pieces of rock.

0. drought
1. erosion

[Assistant] Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
There are four kinds of sentences.
A declarative sentence is a statement, and it always ends with a period.
The nurse told Mr. Abrams to roll up his sleeve so that she could check his blood pressure.
An interrogative sentence is a question, and it always ends with a question mark.
Do you have any plans for the upcoming weekend?
An imperative sentence is a command. It makes a request or tells someone to do something, and it usually ends with a period. If the command shows strong feeling, it ends with an exclamation point.
For this assignment, use references to support your claims.
Don't drive so quickly in the construction zone!
An exclamatory sentence is like a statement, but it shows surprise or strong feeling. An exclamatory sentence always ends with an exclamation point.
I can't wait to travel through Europe this summer!

Question:
What kind of sentence is this?
You're an absolute genius for figuring out how to stop the leak!

0. interrogative
1. declarative
2. exclamatory

[Assistant]
The sentence tells about something, but it shows strong feeling and ends with an exclamation point. It is an exclamatory sentence.
Therefore my final answer is: 2


[User]
When writing, make sure to avoid vague pronoun references. A vague pronoun reference occurs when a pronoun could refer to more than one possible antecedent.
When Lisa and Kim finally landed, she breathed a sigh of relief.
The pronoun she could refer to either Lisa or Kim, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
Vague pronoun references can be corrected in one of two ways:
1. Replace the pronoun with its correct antecedent:
When Lisa and Kim finally landed, Lisa breathed a sigh of relief.
2. Rewrite the sentence:
Lisa breathed a sigh of relief when she and Kim finally landed.
A vague pronoun reference also occurs when they, them, their, theirs, it, or its is used without its antecedent.
They say that this nail polish dries in less than five minutes.
The pronoun they is used without its antecedent, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
This problem can be fixed by replacing the pronoun with its missing antecedent.
The advertisements say that this nail polish dries in less than five minutes.

Question:
Which of the following contains a vague pronoun reference?

0. Leah told Mia that the fleece jacket on the bench looked like hers.
1. The fleece jacket that Leah saw on the bench looked like Mia's.

[Assistant]
The second answer choice contains a vague pronoun reference. The pronoun hers could refer to Leah's or Mia's.
Leah told Mia that the fleece jacket on the bench looked like hers.
The first answer choice shows a possible correction for the vague pronoun reference. The text has been rewritten so that the meaning is clear.
The fleece jacket that Leah saw on the bench looked like Mia's.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Vertebrates and invertebrates are both groups of animals.
A vertebrate has a backbone. The backbone is made of many bones in an animal's back. A vertebrate's backbone helps connect the different parts of its body. In the drawings below, each vertebrate's backbone is colored orange.
An invertebrate does not have a backbone. In fact, invertebrates do not have any bones! Some invertebrates have an outer cover on their body called an exoskeleton. Other invertebrates have a soft body.

Question:
Select the invertebrate.

0. rockfish
1. green frog
2. Canadian lynx
3. monarch butterfly

[Assistant]
A monarch butterfly is an insect. Like other insects, a monarch butterfly is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has an exoskeleton.
A rockfish is a fish. Like other fish, a rockfish is a vertebrate. It has a backbone.
A Canadian lynx is a mammal. Like other mammals, a Canadian lynx is a vertebrate. It has a backbone.
A green frog is an amphibian. Like other amphibians, a green frog is a vertebrate. It has a backbone.
Therefore my final answer is: 3


[User]
Everything you can buy is either a good or a service.
A good is something you can touch or hold in your hands. For example, a hammer is a good.
A service is a job you pay someone else to do. For example, cooking food in a restaurant is a service.

Question:
Is a flashlight a good or a service?

0. a service
1. a good

[Assistant]
To decide whether a flashlight is a good or a service, ask these questions:
Is a flashlight something you can touch? Yes.
Is a flashlight a job you might pay someone else to do? No.
So, a flashlight is a good.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
A chemical change occurs when new substances are formed from existing substances. This process is called a chemical reaction.
In a chemical reaction, one or more substances change into one or more different substances. During the reaction, the atoms of the original substances are rearranged to form other substances.
The original substances in a chemical reaction are called reactants. These substances react, or go through a chemical change.
The substances that are formed in a chemical reaction are called products. These substances are produced by the chemical reaction.
So, in a chemical reaction, reactants go through a chemical change to form products.

Question:
Complete the sentence.
In this chemical reaction, fructose is a ().

0. reactant
1. product

[Assistant]
Read the underlined text carefully. Look for information about what happens to fructose in this chemical reaction.
Honeybees make honey from nectar that they collect from flowers. Nectar is a clear liquid that contains a sugar called sucrose. After a bee collects nectar from a flower, chemicals in the bee's body break down the sucrose into a mixture of fructose and glucose, two simpler sugars. The bee then deposits this mixture into a honeycomb and seals the honeycomb with wax.
The underlined text tells you that fructose forms when sucrose breaks down. Because fructose is produced by this chemical reaction, fructose is a product.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
A simple sentence is a sentence with only one subject and predicate.
The pitcher threw the ball to first base.
A compound sentence is two simple sentences joined by a comma and a conjunction such as and, but, or, or so.
The pitcher threw the ball, and the batter hit it.
Some simple sentences have a compound subject or a compound predicate, but they are not compound sentences.
Anna and James will watch the fireworks tonight.
This simple sentence has a compound subject, Anna and James.
The singers bowed and walked off the stage.
This simple sentence has a compound predicate, bowed and walked off the stage.
Some simple sentences have introductory phrases, but they are not compound sentences. The introductory phrase is part of the predicate.
In the winter, Farmer Ben wears his heavy coat.
This is a simple sentence. There is one subject, Farmer Ben, and one predicate, wears his heavy coat in the winter.

Question:
Which is a compound sentence?

0. The subway runs beneath the streets of the city.
1. A chimpanzee escaped from the zoo, so the police are searching for it.

[Assistant]
The first sentence is the compound sentence. It is made up of two simple sentences joined by a comma and the conjunction so.
A chimpanzee escaped from the zoo, so the police are searching for it.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment. Children do not inherit their parents' acquired traits.

Question:
Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Troy can drive a car.

0. acquired
1. inherited

[Assistant]
Humans are not born knowing how to drive a car. Instead, many people learn how to drive when they are older. So, driving is an acquired trait.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Alliteration is the repetition of sounds at the beginning of nearby words.
What a lucky little lady you are!
An allusion is a brief reference to something or someone well known, often from history or literature.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
An idiom is an expression that cannot be understood literally. Its meaning must be learned.
The assignment was a piece of cake.
A simile uses like or as to compare two things that are not actually alike.
The cat's fur was as dark as the night.
A metaphor compares two things that are not actually alike without using like or as.
The snow formed a blanket over the town.
Onomatopoeia involves using a word that expresses a sound.
The scrambled eggs hit the floor with a splat.
Personification is giving human characteristics to nonhuman things.
The trees danced in the wind.
A pun involves using a word or phrase in a humorous way that suggests more than one meaning.
A great new broom is sweeping the nation.
Verbal irony involves saying one thing but implying something very different. People often use verbal irony when they are being sarcastic.
Olivia seems thrilled that her car keeps breaking down.
Each breakdown is as enjoyable as a punch to the face.

Question:
Which figure of speech is used in this text?
The hum of the computer concerned Jamal. Was the problem with the power supply or the hard drive?

0. onomatopoeia
1. metaphor

[Assistant]
The text uses onomatopoeia, a word that expresses a sound.
Hum represents the sound the computer was making.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
An object's speed tells you how fast the object is moving. Speed depends on both distance and time.
Distance tells you how far the object has moved. One unit used to measure distance is the kilometer.
Time tells you how long the object has spent moving. One unit used to measure time is the hour.
Think about objects moving for the same amount of time. The object that is moving the slowest will go the shortest distance in that time. It is moving at the lowest speed.

Question:
Compare the motion of three sailboats. Which sailboat was moving at the lowest speed?

0. a sailboat that moved 120kilometers east in 10hours
1. a sailboat that moved 170kilometers south in 10hours
2. a sailboat that moved 45kilometers south in 10hours

[Assistant]
Look at the distance each sailboat moved and the time it took to move that distance. The direction each sailboat moved does not affect its speed.
Notice that each sailboat moved for 10 hours. The sailboat that moved 45 kilometers moved the shortest distance in that time. So, that sailboat must have moved at the lowest speed.
Therefore my final answer is: 2


[User]
Chemical changes and physical changes are two common ways matter can change.
In a chemical change, the type of matter changes. The types of matter before and after a chemical change are always different.
Burning a piece of paper is a chemical change. When paper gets hot enough, it reacts with oxygen in the air and burns. The paper and oxygen change into ash and smoke.
In a physical change, the type of matter stays the same. The types of matter before and after a physical change are always the same.
Cutting a piece of paper is a physical change. The cut pieces are still made of paper.
A change of state is a type of physical change. For example, ice melting is a physical change. Ice and liquid water are made of the same type of matter: water.

Question:
Complete the sentence.
Carving a piece of wood is a ().

0. chemical change
1. physical change

[Assistant]
Carving a piece of wood is a physical change. The wood changes shape, but it is still made of the same type of matter.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
A clause is a group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate.
An independent clause is a complete thought that can stand alone as a sentence. A dependent clause (or subordinate clause) is not a complete thought and cannot stand alone as a sentence.
the oranges on our tree are ripe
The clause can stand alone. It is independent.
after we pick up Kevin from work
The clause cannot stand alone. It is dependent.
A simple sentence is made up of a single independent clause.
Ben and I spent all day relaxing by the pool.
Some simple sentences have introductory phrases, but the introductory phrase is part of the predicate.
In the winter, Ben usually wears his heavy coat.
Ben usually wears his heavy coat in the winter.
A compound sentence is made up of two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction such as and, but, or, or so.
We saw the flash of lightning, and seconds later we heard a rumble of thunder.
A complex sentence is made up of an independent clause and a dependent clause. The dependent clause in a complex sentence usually begins with a subordinating conjunction or relative pronoun. Subordinating conjunctions include after, although, as, because, before, if, since, unless, until, when, and while. Relative pronouns include that, which, who, whom, or whose.
If she ever gets the chance, Terri would love to visit the Egyptian pyramids.
During his trip to Italy, Tony visited the Trevi Fountain, which is in Rome.
A compound-complex sentence is made up of two or more independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses.
After Samantha left work, she stopped at the bank, and then she went to the gym.
Sometimes a dependent clause in a complex or compound-complex sentence can interrupt an independent clause.
Orcas that are kept in captivity often have bent dorsal fins.

Question:
Which type of sentence is this?
Toby took several incredible panoramic photographs of the sweeping view from the top of Table Mountain.

0. simple
1. compound
2. complex
3. compound-complex

[Assistant]
The sentence is simple. It is a single independent clause.
Toby took several incredible panoramic photographs of the sweeping view from the top of Table Mountain.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Minerals are the building blocks of rocks. A rock can be made of one or more minerals.
Minerals and rocks have the following properties:
Property | Mineral | Rock
It is a solid. | Yes | Yes
It is formed in nature. | Yes | Yes
It is not made by organisms. | Yes | Yes
It is a pure substance. | Yes | No
It has a fixed crystal structure. | Yes | No
You can use these properties to tell whether a substance is a mineral, a rock, or neither.
Look closely at the last three properties:
Minerals and rocks are not made by organisms.
Organisms make their own body parts. For example, snails and clams make their shells. Because they are made by organisms, body parts cannot be  minerals or rocks.
Humans are organisms too. So, substances that humans make by hand or in factories are not minerals or rocks.
A mineral is a pure substance, but a rock is not.
A pure substance is made of only one type of matter.  Minerals are pure substances, but rocks are not. Instead, all rocks are mixtures.
A mineral has a fixed crystal structure, but a rock does not.
The crystal structure of a substance tells you how the atoms or molecules in the substance are arranged. Different types of minerals have different crystal structures, but all minerals have a fixed crystal structure. This means that the atoms and molecules in different pieces of the same type of mineral are always arranged the same way.
However, rocks do not have a fixed crystal structure. So, the arrangement of atoms or molecules in different pieces of the same type of rock may be different!

Question:
Select the one substance that is not a mineral.

0. A turtle shell is not a pure substance. It is made by a living thing.
1. Celestine is a pure substance. It is a solid.
2. Hematite is not made by living things. It is a solid.

[Assistant]
Compare the properties of each substance to the properties of minerals. Select the substance whose properties do not match those of minerals.
A turtle shell is made by a living thing. But minerals are not made by living things.
A turtle shell is not a pure substance. But all minerals are pure substances.
So, a turtle shell is not a mineral.
Celestine is a mineral.
Hematite is a mineral.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits. Offspring receive their genes, and therefore gain their inherited traits, from their biological parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment. Parents do not pass acquired traits down to their offspring.

Question:
What information supports the conclusion that Ellen acquired this trait?

0. Ellen likes to visit sunflower fields.
1. Last summer, Ellen's neighbor showed her how to grow sunflowers.
2. Both Ellen and her father grow sunflowers.

[Assistant] Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Matter is made of very small particles called atoms. Atoms can be linked together by chemical bonds. When two or more atoms link together, they form a molecule.
In a chemical change, the chemical bonds in the molecules break. The atoms then link together to form new molecules. The types of molecules in matter before and after a chemical change are always different.
Burning a piece of paper is a chemical change. As paper burns, paper molecules react with oxygen molecules in the air. This reaction breaks the chemical bonds in the molecules. The atoms then relink and form different molecules. For example, carbon dioxide molecules are created when paper burns.
In a physical change, chemical bonds do not break. The types of molecules in matter before and after a physical change are always the same.
A change of state is a type of physical change. For example, water vaporizing is a physical change. Liquid water and water vapor are made of the same type of matter: water.

Question:
Complete the sentence.
A piece of pear turning brown is a ().

0. chemical change
1. physical change

[Assistant]
A piece of a pear turning brown is a chemical change. The substances in the pear react with oxygen in the air and turn into a different type of matter.
If you scrape off the brown part of the pear, the inside will still be white. The inside hasn't touched the air. So the chemical change hasn't happened to that part of the pear.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Alliteration is the repetition of sounds at the beginning of nearby words.
What a lucky little lady you are!
An allusion is a brief reference to something or someone well known, often from history or literature.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
An idiom is an expression that cannot be understood literally. Its meaning must be learned.
The assignment was a piece of cake.
A simile uses like or as to compare two things that are not actually alike.
The cat's fur was as dark as the night.
A metaphor compares two things that are not actually alike without using like or as.
The snow formed a blanket over the town.
Onomatopoeia involves using a word that expresses a sound.
The scrambled eggs hit the floor with a splat.
Personification is giving human characteristics to nonhuman things.
The trees danced in the wind.
A pun involves using a word or phrase in a humorous way that suggests more than one meaning.
A great new broom is sweeping the nation.
Verbal irony involves saying one thing but implying something very different. People often use verbal irony when they are being sarcastic.
Olivia seems thrilled that her car keeps breaking down.
Each breakdown is as enjoyable as a punch to the face.

Question:
Which figure of speech is used in this text?
Tamir's room is as tidy as an overgrown garden.

0. verbal irony
1. onomatopoeia

[Assistant]
The text uses verbal irony, which involves saying one thing but implying something very different.
As tidy as an overgrown garden shows verbal irony because an overgrown garden is not tidy.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
Here, Lila alludes to the fairy tale "Cinderella," in which Cinderella must leave the ball before the coach that brought her transforms into a pumpkin. The allusion shows that Lila must depart immediately.

Question:
What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
His Machiavellian strategies landed him a promotion.

0. a song
1. history

[Assistant]
The source of the allusion Machiavellian is history.
During the Renaissance, Niccol Machiavelli wrote The Prince, an essay that claims that achieving and maintaining political power requires dishonesty and ruthlessness.
The allusion Machiavellian means deceptive and cutthroat.
Therefore my final answer is: 1