[User]
A sentence is a group of words that forms a complete thought. It has both a subject and a verb.
My friends walk along the path.
A sentence fragment is a group of words that does not express a complete thought. It is usually missing a subject or a verb.
Knows the answer.
This is a sentence fragment. It is missing a subject.
Who knows the answer? She knows the answer.
The bright red car.
This is a sentence fragment. It is missing a verb.
What did the bright red car do? The bright red car stopped.
A run-on sentence is made up of two sentences that are joined without end punctuation or with just a comma.
I knocked on the door it opened.
It started raining, we ran inside.
To fix a run-on sentence, separate it into two sentences. Add end punctuation after the first sentence, and capitalize the second sentence.
I knocked on the door. It opened.
It started raining. We ran inside.
You can also fix a run-on sentence by rewriting it as a compound sentence. A compound sentence is two sentences joined by a comma and a conjunction such as and, but, or, or so.
I knocked on the door, and it opened.
It started raining, so we ran inside.

Question:
Which is a complete sentence?

0. She slides into first base.
1. The people march through the streets, they want to be heard.

[Assistant]
She slides into first base is a complete sentence. The subject is she, and the verb is slides.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
An object's speed tells you how fast the object is moving. Speed depends on both distance and time.
Distance tells you how far the object has moved. One unit used to measure distance is the mile.
Time tells you how long the object has spent moving. One unit used to measure time is the hour.
Think about two objects moving for the same amount of time. The object that is moving faster will go a farther distance in that time. It is moving at a higher speed.

Question:
Compare the motion of two geese. Which goose was moving at a higher speed?

0. a goose that moved 625miles in 10hours
1. a goose that moved 550miles in 10hours

[Assistant]
Look at the distance each goose moved and the time it took to move that distance.
One goose moved 625 miles in 10 hours.
The other goose moved 550 miles in 10 hours.
Notice that each goose spent the same amount of time moving. The goose that moved 625 miles moved a farther distance in that time. So, that goose must have moved at a higher speed.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Similes and metaphors are figures of speech that compare two things that are not actually alike.
A simile compares two things by saying that one is like the other. Similes often use the words like and as.
My sister runs like a cheetah.
The sister's running and a cheetah's running are compared using the word like.
A cheetah is known for running fast, so the simile means that the sister also runs fast.
The cat's fur was as dark as the night.
The cat's fur and the night are compared using the word as.
The night is dark, so the simile means that the cat's fur is also dark.
A metaphor compares two things by saying that one of them is the other. Unlike similes, metaphors don't use the word like or as.
The snow formed a blanket over the town.
The snow and a blanket are compared without the word like or as.
A blanket is a large piece of cloth that completely covers a bed. The metaphor makes the reader imagine that the snow becomes a blanket, covering the town completely.
Using similes and metaphors in your writing can help you create an interesting picture for the reader.

Question:
Which sentence uses a simile?

0. Her laughter was like a bird's song.
1. Her laughter was a bird's song.

[Assistant]
This sentence uses a simile:
Her laughter was like a bird's song.
The words laughter and bird's song are compared using the word like.
This sentence uses a metaphor:
Her laughter was a bird's song.
The words laughter and bird's song are compared without the word like or as.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Mass is a measurement of how much matter something contains.
There are many different units of mass. When you are using customary units, mass may be written with units of ounces, pounds, or tons.
There are 16 ounces in 1 pound and 2,000 pounds in 1 ton.
So, 1 ounce is less than 1 pound and much less than 1 ton.
A slice of bread has a mass of about 1 ounce, while a can of beans has a mass of about 1 pound. A small car has a mass of about 1 ton.

Question:
What is the mass of a can of soup?

0. 13 tons
1. 13 pounds
2. 13 ounces

[Assistant]
The best estimate for the mass of a can of soup is 13 ounces.
13 pounds and 13 tons are both too heavy.
Therefore my final answer is: 2


[User]
Present tense verbs tell you about something that is happening now.
Most present-tense verbs are regular. They have no ending, or they end in -s or -es.
Two verbs are irregular in the present tense, to be and to have. You must remember their forms.
Past tense verbs tell you about something that has already happened.
Most past-tense verbs are regular. They end in -ed.
Some verbs are irregular in the past tense. You must remember their past-tense forms.
Future tense verbs tell you about something that is going to happen.
All future-tense verbs use the word will.
Present | Past | Future
walk, walks | walked | will walk
go, goes | went | will go

Question:
Which tense does the sentence use?
Dan will pitch the ball quickly.

0. present tense
1. past tense
2. future tense

[Assistant]
The sentence is in future tense. You can tell because it uses will before the main verb, pitch. The verb tells you about something that is going to happen.
Therefore my final answer is: 2


[User]
A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought.
The band I'm in has been rehearsing daily because we have a concert in two weeks.
A sentence fragment is a group of words that does not express a complete thought.
Rehearsing daily because we have a concert in two weeks.
This fragment is missing a subject. It doesn't tell who is rehearsing.
The band I'm in.
This fragment is missing a verb. It doesn't tell what the band I'm in is doing.
Because we have a concert in two weeks.
This fragment is missing an independent clause. It doesn't tell what happened because of the concert.

Question:
Is there a sentence fragment?
Due to warmer winters, the population of brown tawny owls in Finland has increased dramatically. With less snow on the ground, brown owls can better blend in with the environment, evading predators.

0. no
1. yes

[Assistant]
There is not a sentence fragment. These are complete sentences because they express complete thoughts.
Due to warmer winters, the population of brown tawny owls in Finland has increased dramatically. With less snow on the ground, brown owls can better blend in with the environment, evading predators.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
In a title, capitalize the first word, the last word, and every important word in between.
The Wind in the Willows James and the Giant Peach
These words are not important in titles:
Articles, a, an, the
Short prepositions, such as at, by, for, in, of, on, to, up
Coordinating conjunctions, such as and, but, or

Question:
Which correctly shows the title of a TV show?

0. are You Afraid of the dark?
1. Are You Afraid of the Dark?

[Assistant]
Capitalize the first word, the last word, and every important word in between. The words of and the are not important, so they should not be capitalized.
The correct title is Are You Afraid of the Dark?
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
There are four kinds of sentences.
A declarative sentence is a statement, and it always ends with a period.
The nurse told Mr. Abrams to roll up his sleeve so that she could check his blood pressure.
An interrogative sentence is a question, and it always ends with a question mark.
Do you have any plans for the upcoming weekend?
An imperative sentence is a command. It makes a request or tells someone to do something, and it usually ends with a period. If the command shows strong feeling, it ends with an exclamation point.
For this assignment, use references to support your claims.
Don't drive so quickly in the construction zone!
An exclamatory sentence is like a statement, but it shows surprise or strong feeling. An exclamatory sentence always ends with an exclamation point.
I can't wait to travel through Europe this summer!

Question:
What kind of sentence is this?
Mr. McCall gave a lecture on water conservation, during which he stressed the importance of not watering lawns during a drought.

0. interrogative
1. exclamatory
2. declarative

[Assistant]
The sentence tells about something, and it ends with a period. It is a declarative sentence.
Therefore my final answer is: 2


[User]
All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different alleles, or forms, that can cause different versions of a trait.
For example, flower color is a trait in pea plants. The gene for this trait has two possible alleles. Each allele is represented by an uppercase or lowercase letter. The allele F is for purple flowers, and the allele f is for white flowers. Each pea plant has two alleles for the flower color geneone allele inherited from each parent.
An organism's genotype for a gene is its combination of alleles for that gene. So, a pea plant may have a genotype of FF, Ff, or ff for the flower color gene.
An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait, which depends on the organism's combination of alleles. A pea plant may have a phenotype of purple flowers or white flowers for the flower color trait.

Question:
Based on this information, what is Lollipop's phenotype for the fur color trait?

0. dark fur
1. Ff

[Assistant]
An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait. Lollipop's observable version of the fur color trait is dark fur. So, Lollipop's phenotype for the fur color trait is dark fur.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Fish live underwater. They have fins, not limbs.

Question:
Select the fish.

0. spotted dolphin
1. western toad
2. Hermann's tortoise
3. whale shark

[Assistant]
A western toad is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water.
Toads do not have teeth! They swallow their food whole.
A whale shark is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs.
Whale sharks are the largest fish in the world! Adult whale sharks can weigh over 21 tonsas much as seven elephants!
A spotted dolphin is a mammal. It has hair and feeds its young milk.
Dolphins may look like sharks or other fish, but they are mammals! When a baby dolphin is born, it has hair around its jaw. This hair falls out as the dolphin grows.
A Hermann's tortoise is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin.
A tortoise's shell protects it from predators. When a tortoise feels threatened, it can pull its head and legs inside its shell.
Therefore my final answer is: 3


[User]
Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
When you are using customary units, length may be written with units of inches, feet, yards, or miles.
There are 12 inches in 1 foot, and 3 feet in 1 yard. There are 5,280 feet in 1 mile.
A football is about 1 foot long. A football field is 100 yards long.

Question:
How long is a bench?

0. 8 inches
1. 8 yards
2. 8 feet
3. 8 miles

[Assistant]
The best estimate for the length of a bench is 8 feet.
8 inches is too short. 8 yards and 8 miles are too long.
Therefore my final answer is: 2


[User]
An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
Here, Lila alludes to the fairy tale "Cinderella," in which Cinderella must leave the ball before the coach that brought her transforms into a pumpkin. The allusion shows that Lila must depart immediately.

Question:
What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
Whitney had her fifteen minutes when her video of kayaking with dolphins went viral.

0. modern history
1. a song

[Assistant]
The source of the allusion fifteen minutes is modern history.
In a catalog that accompanied an exhibit of his work, pop artist Andy Warhol said, "In the future, everybody will be world-famous for fifteen minutes," meaning that fame would be briefly available even to those who did nothing spectacular.
The allusion fifteen minutes means a temporary moment of celebrity status.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Informal writing is typically used in casual situations or when communicating with someone you know well. Informal language often expresses familiarity and tends to sound more like speech. It uses more conversational language, such as slang, idioms, abbreviations, imprecise language, and contractions.
Formal writing is typically used in academic and business writing or when writing directly to an authority figure. It tends to be more courteous and impersonal, avoiding overly familiar or conversational language.
Compare the following sentences.
Informal: Yeah, ostriches can't fly, but I think they're awesome.
More formal: Ostriches may be flightless, but they're remarkable runners.
Most formal: Though flightless, ostriches are remarkable runners.

Question:
Which graduation announcement is more formal?

0. Fred Levin is graduating, and we couldn't be more proud!
1. We are proud to announce the graduation of Fred Levin.

[Assistant]
The second graduation announcement is more formal. It uses more ceremonious language (proud to announce). The other graduation announcement uses more conversational language (we couldn't be more proud!).
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Question:
Which change best matches the sentence?
Flowing water carries away sand and mud.

0. wildfire
1. erosion
2. volcanic eruption

[Assistant] Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
A metaphor compares two things that are not actually alike without using like or as.
The snow formed a blanket over the town.

Question:
What does the metaphor in this text suggest?
When Trevor lost his job, he was devastated. The only light in the sea of darkness was the prospect of pursuing a new career.

0. Trevor felt in the dark about what to do after losing his job.
1. There was a benefit to Trevor's job loss.

[Assistant]
The text uses a metaphor, comparing two things that are not actually alike without using like or as.
The metaphor the only light in the sea of darkness was the prospect of pursuing a new career suggests that there was a benefit to Trevor's job loss. A light would be beneficial in helping someone escape a dark, difficult-to-navigate situation. Similarly, Trevor's new career was beneficial in helping him escape the emotionally difficult experience of losing his job.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Formal writing is used for essays, business letters, and reports. The following types of informal language should be avoided in formal writing:
Type | Examples
slang | cool, awesome
idioms | knock your socks off
conversational language | gonna, kinda, yeah
abbreviated language | ASAP, FYI
overly simple or imprecise language | he got some stuff at the store
contractions | can't, won't
Contractions are not as informal as the other types, but they should be used sparingly in formal writing.
Compare the following sentences. The first is informal. The second is formal.
Informal: Yeah, ostriches can't fly, but they're awesome runners.
Formal: Though ostriches are flightless, they are remarkably adept runners.

Question:
Which sentence is more formal?

0. Most of the apartments in New York City's Upper West Side are extremely expensive.
1. Most of the apartments in New York City's Upper West Side cost an arm and a leg.

[Assistant]
The first sentence is less formal. You can tell because it uses an idiom (cost an arm and a leg).
The second sentence uses formal language in place of the idiom, so it is more formal overall.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment.

Question:
What information supports the conclusion that Wyatt acquired this trait?

0. Wyatt was not born knowing how to identify different fish. He had to learn this skill.
1. Wyatt has two pet fish. The fish live in a fish tank together.

[Assistant] Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Informal writing is typically used in casual situations or when communicating with someone you know well. Informal language often expresses familiarity and tends to sound more like speech. It uses more conversational language, such as slang, idioms, abbreviations, imprecise language, and contractions.
Formal writing is typically used in academic and business writing or when writing directly to an authority figure. It tends to be more courteous and impersonal, avoiding overly familiar or conversational language.
Compare the following sentences.
Informal: Yeah, ostriches can't fly, but I think they're awesome.
More formal: Ostriches may be flightless, but they're remarkable runners.
Most formal: Though flightless, ostriches are remarkable runners.

Question:
Which excerpt from a lab report is more formal?

0. This experiment focused on the energy requirements of the human body.
1. This is an experiment where we looked at how the body needs lots of energy.

[Assistant]
The first excerpt from a lab report is more formal. It uses more elevated language (focused on, energy requirements, human body). The other excerpt uses more imprecise language (lots) and sounds more casual (we looked at how).
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
When writing, make sure to avoid vague pronoun references. A vague pronoun reference occurs when a pronoun could refer to more than one possible antecedent.
When Lisa and Kim finally landed, she breathed a sigh of relief.
The pronoun she could refer to either Lisa or Kim, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
Vague pronoun references can be corrected in one of two ways:
1. Replace the pronoun with its correct antecedent:
When Lisa and Kim finally landed, Lisa breathed a sigh of relief.
2. Rewrite the sentence:
Lisa breathed a sigh of relief when she and Kim finally landed.
A vague pronoun reference also occurs when they, them, their, theirs, it, or its is used without its antecedent.
They say that this nail polish dries in less than five minutes.
The pronoun they is used without its antecedent, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
This problem can be fixed by replacing the pronoun with its missing antecedent.
The advertisements say that this nail polish dries in less than five minutes.

Question:
Which of the following contains a vague pronoun reference?

0. For many sitcoms, sound engineers use a laugh track to simulate the laughter of a live studio audience.
1. For many sitcoms, they use a laugh track to simulate the laughter of a live studio audience.

[Assistant]
The first answer choice contains a vague pronoun reference. The pronoun they is used without its antecedent.
The second answer choice shows a possible correction for the vague pronoun reference. They has been replaced with sound engineers.
For many sitcoms, sound engineers use a laugh track to simulate the laughter of a live studio audience.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
When you are using metric units, length can be written with units of millimeters, centimeters, meters, or kilometers. One meter contains 100 centimeters or 1,000 millimeters. So, 1 meter is larger than 1 centimeter, and 1 centimeter is larger than 1 millimeter.
The tip of the pencil shown here is only 1 millimeter wide, but the pencil is about 16 centimeters long.
A red fox is about 1 meter long. The Sydney Harbour Bridge in Australia is about 1,000 meters, or 1 kilometer, in length.

Question:
How long is the Amazon River?

0. 6,400 millimeters
1. 6,400 meters
2. 6,400 centimeters
3. 6,400 kilometers

[Assistant]
The best estimate for the length of the Amazon River is 6,400 kilometers.
6,400 millimeters, 6,400 centimeters, and 6,400 meters are all too short.
Therefore my final answer is: 3


[User]
A force is a push or a pull.
A force can make an object start moving or stop an object that is moving. A force can also make an object speed up, slow down, or change direction.
Forces can be different sizes.
Think about trying to move a heavy object and a light object. Imagine you want to move them at the same speed. You will need to use a larger force to move the heavy object.

Question:
The movers lift the boxes at the same speed. Which box is lifted with a larger force?

0. a box holding 44 pounds
1. a box holding 38 pounds

[Assistant]
Look for the box that is heavier.
A box holding 44 pounds is heavier than a box holding 38 pounds. So, the box holding 44 pounds needs a larger force to start moving upward at the same speed as the other box.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
The protean nature of the disease makes it difficult to diagnose.
The word protean is an allusion to the sea god Proteus in Greek mythology. Because the sea is constantly changing, to describe something as protean suggests that it is variable or in flux.

Question:
What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
The artistic feats of the Italian Renaissance painters are seen as Promethean by most historians.

0. Greek mythology
1. U.S. history

[Assistant]
The source of the allusion Promethean is Greek mythology.
In Greek mythology, Prometheus was a Titan who stole fire from the gods and gave it to humankind. Although Prometheus was punished by the gods, humanity's future was forever changed.
The allusion Promethean means boldly innovative.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
A euphemism is a polite or indirect expression that is used to de-emphasize an unpleasant topic.
The head of Human Resources would never refer to firing people, only to laying them off.
Hyperbole is an obvious exaggeration that is not meant to be taken literally.
I ate so much that I think I might explode!
An oxymoron is a joining of two seemingly contradictory terms.
Some reviewers are calling this book a new classic.
A paradox is a statement that might at first appear to be contradictory, but that may in fact contain some truth.
Always expect the unexpected.

Question:
Which figure of speech is used in this text?
Tucker's leaving his job? That's old news. He's been planning that for months.

0. euphemism
1. oxymoron

[Assistant]
The text uses an oxymoron, a joining of two seemingly contradictory terms.
Old news is a contradiction, because news is recent information.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
When you are using metric units, length can be written with units of millimeters, centimeters, meters, or kilometers. One meter contains 100 centimeters or 1,000 millimeters. So, 1 meter is larger than 1 centimeter, and 1 centimeter is larger than 1 millimeter.
The tip of the pencil shown here is only 1 millimeter wide, but the pencil is about 16 centimeters long.
A red fox is about 1 meter long. The Sydney Harbour Bridge in Australia is about 1,000 meters, or 1 kilometer, in length.

Question:
How long is an apple seed?

0. 7 centimeters
1. 7 kilometers
2. 7 meters
3. 7 millimeters

[Assistant]
The best estimate for the length of an apple seed is 7 millimeters.
7 centimeters, 7 meters, and 7 kilometers are all too long.
Therefore my final answer is: 3


[User]
Matter is made of tiny particles called atoms. Atoms are always moving.
The energy of moving atoms is called thermal energy. The total amount of thermal energy in matter depends on three things: the type of matter, the amount of matter, and how fast the atoms are moving.
Temperature measures how hot or cold matter is. If the atoms in matter slow down, the temperature goes down. The matter now has both less thermal energy and a lower temperature.
What happens if the amount of matter changes? A 2-kilogram brick at 70F has twice as much thermal energy as a 1-kilogram brick at 70F. The two bricks have the same temperature, but the larger brick has twice as many atoms. So, it has twice as much thermal energy.

Question:
Which water balloon has a lower temperature?

0. the water balloon with less thermal energy
1. the water balloon with more thermal energy

[Assistant]
The two water balloons are made of the same material and have the same mass. So, the water balloon with less thermal energy has a lower temperature.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Vertebrates and invertebrates are both groups of animals.
A vertebrate has a backbone. The backbone is made of many bones in an animal's back. A vertebrate's backbone helps connect the different parts of its body. In the drawings below, each vertebrate's backbone is colored orange.
An invertebrate does not have a backbone. In fact, invertebrates do not have any bones! Some invertebrates have an outer cover on their body called an exoskeleton. Other invertebrates have a soft body.

Question:
Select the invertebrate.

0. black widow spider
1. blue jay
2. wombat
3. common snapping turtle

[Assistant]
A blue jay is a bird. Like other birds, a blue jay is a vertebrate. It has a backbone.
Like other spiders, a black widow spider is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has an exoskeleton.
A common snapping turtle is a reptile. Like other reptiles, a common snapping turtle is a vertebrate. It has a backbone.
A wombat is a mammal. Like other mammals, a wombat is a vertebrate. It has a backbone.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Present tense verbs tell you about something that is happening now.
Most present-tense verbs are regular. They have no ending, or they end in -s or -es.
Two verbs are irregular in the present tense, to be and to have. You must remember their forms.
Past tense verbs tell you about something that has already happened.
Most past-tense verbs are regular. They end in -ed.
Some verbs are irregular in the past tense. You must remember their past-tense forms.
Future tense verbs tell you about something that is going to happen.
All future-tense verbs use the word will.
Present | Past | Future
walk, walks | walked | will walk
go, goes | went | will go

Question:
Which tense does the sentence use?
Our guests will stay for three days and two nights.

0. present tense
1. future tense
2. past tense

[Assistant]
The sentence is in future tense. You can tell because it uses will before the main verb, stay. The verb tells you about something that is going to happen.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere.
Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day.
Climate is the pattern of weather in a certain place. For example, summer temperatures in New York are usually higher than winter temperatures.

Question:
Does this passage describe the weather or the climate?
It has not rained in over a week at Laura's house.

0. climate
1. weather

[Assistant]
Read the text carefully.
It has not rained in over a week at Laura's house.
This passage tells you about the precipitation last week at Laura's house. It describes the atmosphere at a certain place and time. So, this passage describes the weather.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
In a title, capitalize the first word, the last word, and every important word in between.
The Wind in the Willows James and the Giant Peach
These words are not important in titles:
Articles, a, an, the
Short prepositions, such as at, by, for, in, of, on, to, up
Coordinating conjunctions, such as and, but, or

Question:
Which correctly shows the title of a song?

0. "the wheels on the Bus"
1. "The Wheels on the Bus"

[Assistant]
Capitalize the first word, the last word, and every important word in between. The words on and the are not important, so they should not be capitalized.
The correct title is "The Wheels on the Bus."
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Every substance around you is made of one or more chemical elements, or types of atoms. Substances that are made of only one chemical element are elementary substances. Substances that are made of two or more chemical elements bonded together are compounds.
Every chemical element is represented by its own symbol. For some elements, the symbol is one capital letter. For other elements, the symbol is one capital letter and one lowercase letter. For example, the symbol for the element fluorine is F, and the symbol for the element beryllium is Be.
The symbol for each element in a substance is shown in the substance's chemical formula.
An elementary substance is represented by a chemical formula that contains only one symbol.
The symbol may be followed by a subscript. A subscript is text that is smaller and placed lower than the normal line of text. A subscript is included when the atoms in the elementary substance are bonded to form molecules. The subscript tells you the number of atoms in each molecule.
For example, the chemical formula for the elementary substance oxygen is O2. The formula has a subscript of 2. This subscript tells you that there are two atoms in the molecule represented by this chemical formula.
The chemical element represented by the symbol O is also called oxygen. So, the formula O2 tells you that each molecule of O2 contains two oxygen atoms.
A compound is represented by a chemical formula that contains multiple symbols.
For example, in the compound beryllium fluoride, there is one beryllium atom for every two fluorine atoms. This combination is shown in the compound's chemical formula, BeF2. In the formula, the symbol Be represents one beryllium atom. The symbol F followed by the subscript 2 represents two fluorine atoms.

Question:
Complete the statement.
Sulfur dioxide is ().

0. an elementary substance
1. a compound

[Assistant]
You can tell whether sulfur dioxide is an elementary substance or a compound by counting the number of symbols in its chemical formula. A symbol contains either one capital letter or a capital letter followed by one or two lowercase letters.
The chemical formula for sulfur dioxide is SO2. This formula contains two symbols: S for sulfur and O for oxygen. So, the formula tells you that sulfur dioxide is made of two chemical elements bonded together.
Substances made of two or more chemical elements bonded together are compounds. So, sulfur dioxide is a compound.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different alleles, or forms, that can cause different versions of a trait.
For example, flower color is a trait in pea plants. The gene for this trait has two possible alleles. Each allele is represented by an uppercase or lowercase letter. The allele F is for purple flowers, and the allele f is for white flowers. Each pea plant has two alleles for the flower color geneone allele inherited from each parent.
An organism's genotype for a gene is its combination of alleles for that gene. So, a pea plant may have a genotype of FF, Ff, or ff for the flower color gene.
An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait, which depends on the organism's combination of alleles. A pea plant may have a phenotype of purple flowers or white flowers for the flower color trait.

Question:
Based on this information, what is this pea plant's phenotype for the pea color trait?

0. Ee
1. yellow peas

[Assistant]
An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait. The pea plant's observable version of the pea color trait is yellow peas. So, the plant's phenotype for the pea color trait is yellow peas.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Everything you can buy is either a good or a service.
A good is something you can touch or hold in your hands. For example, a hammer is a good.
A service is a job you pay someone else to do. For example, cooking food in a restaurant is a service.

Question:
Is a pair of shoes a good or a service?

0. a good
1. a service

[Assistant]
To decide whether a pair of shoes is a good or a service, ask these questions:
Is a pair of shoes something you can touch? Yes.
Is a pair of shoes a job you might pay someone else to do? No.
So, a pair of shoes is a good.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Question:
From Whitman's account, what probably happened at the battle?

0. The Union army fought the Confederate army to a tie.
1. The Union army was defeated and forced to retreat.
2. The Union army won the battle and took Manassas Junction.
3. The Confederate army had burned down the Long Bridge.

[Assistant]
Look at the underlined sentences from the passage.
The defeated troops [started] pouring into Washington over the Long Bridge at daylight on Monday, 22 nd July . . . all the men with this coating of sweat and rain, now recoiling back, pouring over the Long Bridge  a horrible march of twenty miles, returning to Washington baffled, humiliated, panic-struck.
Remember that Walt Whitman was writing about the Union army. Whitman uses words such as "defeated," "humiliated," and "panic-struck" to describe the returning Union soldiers. The Union army was defeated and forced to retreat.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Volume is a measurement of how much space something takes up.
There are many different units of volume. When you are using customary units, volume may be written in units of fluid ounces, cups, or gallons.
As the diagram shows, there are 8 fluid ounces in 1 cup and 16 cups in 1 gallon. So, 1 fluid ounce is less than 1 cup and much less than 1 gallon.
A glass of milk has a volume of about 8 fluid ounces, or 1 cup. A jug of milk has a volume of 1 gallon.

Question:
What is the volume of a bathtub?

0. 90 fluid ounces
1. 90 gallons
2. 90 cups

[Assistant]
The best estimate for the volume of a bathtub is 90 gallons.
90 fluid ounces and 90 cups are both too little.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Plants and animals are living things. Living things are called organisms.
Plants come in many shapes and sizes. Most plants grow in the ground. They might grow leaves, flowers, and fruit. Plants cannot move around on their own like animals can.
Animals also come in many shapes and sizes. Most animals can move around. Animals might run, swim, jump, or fly. Animals eat plants or other organisms for food.

Question:
Select the plant.

0. Loons walk, fly, and swim.
1. Magnolia trees have many leaves.

[Assistant]
A loon is an animal. It walks, flies, and swims.
A loon is a bird. Loons live near lakes and dive in the water to hunt for food.
A magnolia tree is a plant. It has many green leaves.
Magnolia trees have red seeds.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
The title of a book, movie, play, TV show, magazine, or newspaper should be in italics. If you write it by hand, it can be underlined instead.
A Midsummer Night's Dream
The title of a poem, song, article, or short story should be in quotation marks.
"You Are My Sunshine"

Question:
Which correctly shows the title of a book?

0. ***A Ball for Daisy***
1. "A Ball for Daisy"

[Assistant]
A book should be in italics.
The correct title is **A Ball for Daisy**.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Question:
Select the one true statement.

0. In an animal cell, the endoplasmic reticulum contains the master plan for cell activities and cell development.
1. Mitochondria break down sugar to release energy that a plant cell can use.
2. Chromosomes store nutrients, water, and waste in an animal cell.

[Assistant] Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Alliteration is the repetition of sounds at the beginning of nearby words.
What a lucky little lady you are!
An allusion is a brief reference to something or someone well known, often from history or literature.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
An idiom is an expression that cannot be understood literally. Its meaning must be learned.
The assignment was a piece of cake.
A simile uses like or as to compare two things that are not actually alike.
The cat's fur was as dark as the night.
A metaphor compares two things that are not actually alike without using like or as.
The snow formed a blanket over the town.
Onomatopoeia involves using a word that expresses a sound.
The scrambled eggs hit the floor with a splat.
Personification is giving human characteristics to nonhuman things.
The trees danced in the wind.
A pun involves using a word or phrase in a humorous way that suggests more than one meaning.
A great new broom is sweeping the nation.
Verbal irony involves saying one thing but implying something very different. People often use verbal irony when they are being sarcastic.
Olivia seems thrilled that her car keeps breaking down.
Each breakdown is as enjoyable as a punch to the face.

Question:
Which figure of speech is used in this text?
The old wooden rocking chair that Lacey brought home from the rummage sale was as comfortable as a bed of nails.

0. alliteration
1. verbal irony

[Assistant]
The text uses verbal irony, which involves saying one thing but implying something very different.
As comfortable as a bed of nails shows verbal irony because sitting on nails would not be comfortable.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
When writing, make sure to avoid vague pronoun references. A vague pronoun reference occurs when a pronoun could refer to more than one possible antecedent.
When Lisa and Kim finally landed, she breathed a sigh of relief.
The pronoun she could refer to either Lisa or Kim, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
Vague pronoun references can be corrected in one of two ways:
1. Replace the pronoun with its correct antecedent:
When Lisa and Kim finally landed, Lisa breathed a sigh of relief.
2. Rewrite the sentence:
Lisa breathed a sigh of relief when she and Kim finally landed.
A vague pronoun reference also occurs when they, them, their, theirs, it, or its is used without its antecedent.
They say that this nail polish dries in less than five minutes.
The pronoun they is used without its antecedent, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
This problem can be fixed by replacing the pronoun with its missing antecedent.
The advertisements say that this nail polish dries in less than five minutes.

Question:
Which of the following contains a vague pronoun reference?

0. Jake went on to calculus after studying trigonometry, but he never fully comprehended calculus.
1. Jake went on to calculus after studying trigonometry, but he never fully comprehended it.

[Assistant]
The first answer choice contains a vague pronoun reference. The pronoun it could refer to calculus or trigonometry.
The second answer choice shows a possible correction for the vague pronoun reference. It has been replaced with calculus.
Jake went on to calculus after studying trigonometry, but he never fully comprehended calculus.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment.

Question:
What information supports the conclusion that Austin inherited this trait?

0. Austin and his father both have dark hair.
1. Austin's parents have pale skin. They passed down this trait to Austin.

[Assistant] Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
A clause is a group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate.
An independent clause is a complete thought that can stand alone as a sentence. A dependent clause (or subordinate clause) is not a complete thought and cannot stand alone as a sentence.
the oranges on our tree are ripe
The clause can stand alone. It is independent.
after we pick up Kevin from work
The clause cannot stand alone. It is dependent.
A simple sentence is made up of a single independent clause.
Ben and I spent all day relaxing by the pool.
Some simple sentences have introductory phrases, but the introductory phrase is part of the predicate.
In the winter, Ben usually wears his heavy coat.
Ben usually wears his heavy coat in the winter.
A compound sentence is made up of two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction such as and, but, or, or so.
We saw the flash of lightning, and seconds later we heard a rumble of thunder.
A complex sentence is made up of an independent clause and a dependent clause. The dependent clause in a complex sentence usually begins with a subordinating conjunction or relative pronoun. Subordinating conjunctions include after, although, as, because, before, if, since, unless, until, when, and while. Relative pronouns include that, which, who, whom, or whose.
If she ever gets the chance, Terri would love to visit the Egyptian pyramids.
During his trip to Italy, Tony visited the Trevi Fountain, which is in Rome.
A compound-complex sentence is made up of two or more independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses.
After Samantha left work, she stopped at the bank, and then she went to the gym.
Sometimes a dependent clause in a complex or compound-complex sentence can interrupt an independent clause.
Orcas that are kept in captivity often have bent dorsal fins.

Question:
Which type of sentence is this?
An avid reader, Jayden attends weekly book club meetings, and he finishes several novels every month.

0. compound
1. compound-complex
2. simple
3. complex

[Assistant]
The sentence is compound. It is made up of two independent clauses joined by the coordinating conjunction and.
An avid reader, Jayden attends weekly book club meetings, and he finishes several novels every month.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Present tense verbs tell you about something that is happening now.
Most present-tense verbs are regular. They have no ending, or they end in -s or -es.
Two verbs are irregular in the present tense, to be and to have. You must remember their forms.
Past tense verbs tell you about something that has already happened.
Most past-tense verbs are regular. They end in -ed.
Some verbs are irregular in the past tense. You must remember their past-tense forms.
Future tense verbs tell you about something that is going to happen.
All future-tense verbs use the word will.
Present | Past | Future
walk, walks | walked | will walk
go, goes | went | will go

Question:
Which tense does the sentence use?
My sister will place the plates and bowls on the table.

0. future tense
1. past tense
2. present tense

[Assistant]
The sentence is in future tense. You can tell because it uses will before the main verb, place. The verb tells you about something that is going to happen.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.
Dear Aunt Sue,
I'm glad you could come to my party, and
thank you for the birthday gift. I could not have
asked for a better one! Every time I see it, I think
of you.
With love,
Rory

Question:
Which greeting is correct for a letter?

0. Dear dr. larson,
1. Dear Dr. Larson,

[Assistant]
The second greeting is correct:
Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. Dr. Larson is capitalized because it is a proper noun.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Every object is made of one or more materials. A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.
A material has different properties. A material's properties tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Some examples of properties are shiny, hard, fragile, and stretchy.
For example, a shiny material reflects a lot of light. A fragile material breaks when you drop it.

Question:
Which would stretch the most?

0. nylon swim shorts
1. soap bar
2. glass cup

[Assistant]
Stretchy is a property. A stretchy material gets longer when you pull on it.
Look at each picture, one at a time. Imagine pulling on the material shown in each picture.
Of the choices, the nylon swim shorts would stretch the most. If you pull the leg opening on a pair of nylon swim shorts, it will get wider.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
A clause is a group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate.
An independent clause is a complete thought that can stand alone as a sentence. A dependent clause (or subordinate clause) is not a complete thought and cannot stand alone as a sentence.
the oranges on our tree are ripe
The clause can stand alone. It is independent.
after we pick up Kevin from work
The clause cannot stand alone. It is dependent.
A simple sentence is made up of a single independent clause.
Ben and I spent all day relaxing by the pool.
Some simple sentences have introductory phrases, but the introductory phrase is part of the predicate.
In the winter, Ben usually wears his heavy coat.
Ben usually wears his heavy coat in the winter.
A compound sentence is made up of two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction such as and, but, or, or so.
We saw the flash of lightning, and seconds later we heard a rumble of thunder.
A complex sentence is made up of an independent clause and a dependent clause. The dependent clause in a complex sentence usually begins with a subordinating conjunction or relative pronoun. Subordinating conjunctions include after, although, as, because, before, if, since, unless, until, when, and while. Relative pronouns include that, which, who, whom, or whose.
If she ever gets the chance, Terri would love to visit the Egyptian pyramids.
During his trip to Italy, Tony visited the Trevi Fountain, which is in Rome.
A compound-complex sentence is made up of two or more independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses.
After Samantha left work, she stopped at the bank, and then she went to the gym.
Sometimes a dependent clause in a complex or compound-complex sentence can interrupt an independent clause.
Orcas that are kept in captivity often have bent dorsal fins.

Question:
Which type of sentence is this?
As Johnny sat down on the rickety old chair, it abruptly collapsed beneath him.

0. simple
1. compound
2. complex
3. compound-complex

[Assistant]
The sentence is complex. It is made up of an independent clause and a dependent clause. The dependent clause begins with the subordinating conjunction as.
As Johnny sat down on the rickety old chair, it abruptly collapsed beneath him.
Therefore my final answer is: 2


[User]
Words are made up of syllables. Two kinds of syllables are closed and open.
A closed syllable has one vowel and ends with a consonant. It usually has a short vowel sound.
desk: short e
kit / ten: short i / short e
An open syllable ends with one vowel. It usually has a long vowel sound.
go: long o
he / ro: long e / long o
Some open syllables end with y. The y makes a long e sound or a long i sound.
sky: long i
ba / by: long a / long e

Question:
Look at the word. Does it have a closed syllable or an open syllable?
at

0. closed
1. open

[Assistant]
The word at ends with a consonant and has a short vowel sound. So, it has a closed syllable.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
The title of a book, movie, play, TV show, magazine, or newspaper should be in italics. If you write it by hand, it can be underlined instead.
A Midsummer Night's Dream
The title of a poem, song, article, or short story should be in quotation marks.
"You Are My Sunshine"

Question:
Which correctly shows the title of a poem?

0. "Casey at the Bat"
1. Casey at the Bat

[Assistant]
A poem should be in quotation marks.
The correct title is "Casey at the Bat."
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere.
Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day.
Climate is the pattern of weather in a certain place. For example, summer temperatures in New York are usually higher than winter temperatures.

Question:
Does this passage describe the weather or the climate?
It is snowing in Colleen's town today.

0. climate
1. weather

[Assistant]
Read the text carefully.
It is snowing in Colleen's town today.
This passage tells you about the precipitation today in Colleen's town. It describes the atmosphere at a certain place and time. So, this passage describes the weather.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
A sentence is a group of words that forms a complete thought. It has both a subject and a verb.
My friends walk along the path.
A sentence fragment is a group of words that does not express a complete thought. It is usually missing a subject or a verb.
Knows the answer.
This is a sentence fragment. It is missing a subject.
Who knows the answer? She knows the answer.
The bright red car.
This is a sentence fragment. It is missing a verb.
What did the bright red car do? The bright red car stopped.
A run-on sentence is made up of two sentences that are joined without end punctuation or with just a comma.
I knocked on the door it opened.
It started raining, we ran inside.
To fix a run-on sentence, separate it into two sentences. Add end punctuation after the first sentence, and capitalize the second sentence.
I knocked on the door. It opened.
It started raining. We ran inside.
You can also fix a run-on sentence by rewriting it as a compound sentence. A compound sentence is two sentences joined by a comma and a conjunction such as and, but, or, or so.
I knocked on the door, and it opened.
It started raining, so we ran inside.

Question:
Which is a run-on sentence?

0. The cardboard box gets wet, it falls apart.
1. Ms. Stevenson's many books about history and law.

[Assistant]
The cardboard box gets wet, it falls apart is a run-on sentence. It has two sentences that are joined by just a comma: The cardboard box gets wet and It falls apart.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Matter is made of tiny particles called atoms. Atoms are always moving.
The energy of moving atoms is called thermal energy. The total amount of thermal energy in matter depends on three things: the type of matter, the amount of matter, and how fast the atoms are moving.
Temperature measures how hot or cold matter is. If the atoms in matter move faster, the temperature goes up. The matter now has both more thermal energy and a higher temperature.
What happens if the amount of matter changes? A 2-kilogram brick at 70F has twice as much thermal energy as a 1-kilogram brick at 70F. The two bricks have the same temperature, but the larger brick has twice as many atoms. So, it has twice as much thermal energy.

Question:
Which marble has a higher temperature?

0. the marble with more thermal energy
1. the marble with less thermal energy

[Assistant]
The two marbles are made of the same material and have the same mass. So, the marble with more thermal energy has a higher temperature.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Scientists sort animals with similar traits into groups. This is called classification. Classification helps scientists learn about how animals live.
How do scientists classify animals? First, they make observations about an animal. Scientists observe the animal's traits, including its body parts and behavior. Then, scientists compare the animal's traits to other animals' traits. Scientists classify animals with similar traits into a group.

Question:
Select the one animal that has all of the insect traits listed above.

0. Birdwing butterflies have an exoskeleton and six legs. Males are bright green and black, and females are brown or yellow. Both males and females have one pair of antennae.
1. Trichina worms have soft, thin bodies. They have a cylindrical shape and do not have limbs. Trichina worms are not made up of segments. They can infect and feed off of humans, pigs, and other mammals.

[Assistant]
To decide if an animal is part of a group, look at the traits of the group.
Insects have the following traits:
They have six legs.
They have an exoskeleton.
They have one pair of antennae.
Compare each animal's traits to the group's traits. Select the animal with traits similar to the group's traits.
A birdwing butterfly has the following traits:
It has six legs.
It has an exoskeleton.
It has one pair of antennae.
A birdwing butterfly has the traits of an insect. A birdwing butterfly is an insect.
A trichina worm has the following traits:
A trichina worm does not have all of the traits of an insect. A trichina worm is a roundworm.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
When you are using customary units, length may be written with units of inches, feet, yards, or miles.
There are 12 inches in 1 foot, and 3 feet in 1 yard. There are 5,280 feet in 1 mile.
A football is about 1 foot long. A football field is 100 yards long.

Question:
How long is a basketball court?

0. 28 feet
1. 28 inches
2. 28 miles
3. 28 yards

[Assistant]
The best estimate for the length of a basketball court is 28 yards.
28 inches and 28 feet are too short. 28 miles is too long.
Therefore my final answer is: 3


[User]
Rhyming words are words that end with the same sound.
The words tip and slip rhyme. They both end with the ip sound.
The words lake and make rhyme. They both end with the ake sound.
The words tip and lake don't rhyme. They end with different sounds.

Question:
Which word does not rhyme?

0. rut
1. shut
2. rob

[Assistant]
The words rut and shut rhyme. They both end with the ut sound.
The word rob does not rhyme. It ends with a different sound.
Therefore my final answer is: 2


[User]
Question:
Which organ reabsorbs water from undigested food?

0. trachea
1. skin
2. lungs
3. large intestine

[Assistant] Therefore my final answer is: 3


[User]
Informal writing is typically used in casual situations or when communicating with someone you know well. Informal language often expresses familiarity and tends to sound more like speech. It uses more conversational language, such as slang, idioms, abbreviations, imprecise language, and contractions.
Formal writing is typically used in academic and business writing or when writing directly to an authority figure. It tends to be more courteous and impersonal, avoiding overly familiar or conversational language.
Compare the following sentences.
Informal: Yeah, ostriches can't fly, but I think they're awesome.
More formal: Ostriches may be flightless, but they're remarkable runners.
Most formal: Though flightless, ostriches are remarkable runners.

Question:
Which press release is more formal?

0. On November 19, the Newton Amphitheater will host area musicians vying for top honors in the fourth annual Jam-a-thon.
1. On Nov. 19, musicians from all over town will battle it out in the fourth annual Jam-a-thon, happening at the amphitheater.

[Assistant]
The first press release is more formal. It uses more elevated language (area musicians, top honors). The other press release uses idioms (battle it out) and abbreviations (Nov.).
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
There are four kinds of sentences.
A declarative sentence is a statement, and it always ends with a period.
The nurse told Mr. Abrams to roll up his sleeve so that she could check his blood pressure.
An interrogative sentence is a question, and it always ends with a question mark.
Do you have any plans for the upcoming weekend?
An imperative sentence is a command. It makes a request or tells someone to do something, and it usually ends with a period. If the command shows strong feeling, it ends with an exclamation point.
For this assignment, use references to support your claims.
Don't drive so quickly in the construction zone!
An exclamatory sentence is like a statement, but it shows surprise or strong feeling. An exclamatory sentence always ends with an exclamation point.
I can't wait to travel through Europe this summer!

Question:
What kind of sentence is this?
Do you know Jonah from soccer camp, or do you have another connection with him?

0. declarative
1. imperative
2. interrogative

[Assistant]
The sentence asks something, and it ends with a question mark. It is an interrogative sentence.
Therefore my final answer is: 2


[User]
Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment. Children do not inherit their parents' acquired traits.

Question:
Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Henry has a scar on his left hand.

0. acquired
1. inherited

[Assistant]
Children do not inherit their parent's scars. Instead, scars are caused by the environment. People can get scars after they get hurt. So, having a scar is an acquired trait.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Question:
Which change best matches the sentence?
A piece of rock from outer space hits Earth.

0. deposition
1. meteorite crash
2. erosion

[Assistant] Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
An idiom is an expression that cannot be understood literally. Its meaning must be learned.
The assignment was a piece of cake.

Question:
What does the idiom in this text suggest?
Cell phones once cost an arm and a leg, but today the majority of people can afford them.

0. Cell phones were once very expensive.
1. Cell phones once varied greatly in price.

[Assistant]
The text uses an idiom, an expression that cannot be understood literally.
The idiom an arm and a leg suggests that cell phones were once very expensive. A part of your body would be a high price to pay, so the idiom means that something is very expensive.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.
Dear Aunt Sue,
I'm glad you could come to my party, and
thank you for the birthday gift. I could not have
asked for a better one! Every time I see it, I think
of you.
With love,
Rory

Question:
Which closing is correct for a letter?

0. With Love,
Kristen
1. With love,
Kristen

[Assistant]
The second closing is correct:
Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Formal writing is used for essays, business letters, and reports. The following types of informal language should be avoided in formal writing:
Type | Examples
slang | cool, awesome
idioms | knock your socks off
conversational language | gonna, kinda, yeah
abbreviated language | ASAP, FYI
overly simple or imprecise language | he got some stuff at the store
contractions | can't, won't
Contractions are not as informal as the other types, but they should be used sparingly in formal writing.
Compare the following sentences. The first is informal. The second is formal.
Informal: Yeah, ostriches can't fly, but they're awesome runners.
Formal: Though ostriches are flightless, they are remarkably adept runners.

Question:
Which sentence is more formal?

0. Many languages around the world are endangered because young people aren't learning them.
1. Many languages around the world are endangered because young people are not learning them.

[Assistant]
The second sentence is less formal. You can tell because it uses a contraction (aren't).
The first sentence does not use a contraction, so it is more formal.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
Here, Lila alludes to the fairy tale "Cinderella," in which Cinderella must leave the ball before the coach that brought her transforms into a pumpkin. The allusion shows that Lila must depart immediately.

Question:
What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
The national park is truly a Garden of Eden.

0. the Bible
1. a song

[Assistant]
The source of the allusion Garden of Eden is the Bible.
In the Bible, the Garden of Eden is a paradise where the first man and woman lived.
The allusion Garden of Eden means a place of great beauty and peace.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
A clause is a group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate.
An independent clause is a complete thought that can stand alone as a sentence. A dependent clause (or subordinate clause) is not a complete thought and cannot stand alone as a sentence.
the oranges on our tree are ripe
The clause can stand alone. It is independent.
after we pick up Kevin from work
The clause cannot stand alone. It is dependent.
A simple sentence is made up of a single independent clause.
Ben and I spent all day relaxing by the pool.
Some simple sentences have introductory phrases, but the introductory phrase is part of the predicate.
In the winter, Ben usually wears his heavy coat.
Ben usually wears his heavy coat in the winter.
A compound sentence is made up of two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction such as and, but, or, or so.
We saw the flash of lightning, and seconds later we heard a rumble of thunder.
A complex sentence is made up of an independent clause and a dependent clause. The dependent clause in a complex sentence usually begins with a subordinating conjunction or relative pronoun. Subordinating conjunctions include after, although, as, because, before, if, since, unless, until, when, and while. Relative pronouns include that, which, who, whom, or whose.
If she ever gets the chance, Terri would love to visit the Egyptian pyramids.
During his trip to Italy, Tony visited the Trevi Fountain, which is in Rome.
A compound-complex sentence is made up of two or more independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses.
After Samantha left work, she stopped at the bank, and then she went to the gym.
Sometimes a dependent clause in a complex or compound-complex sentence can interrupt an independent clause.
Orcas that are kept in captivity often have bent dorsal fins.

Question:
Which type of sentence is this?
Anna is a competitive horseback rider, and she will be competing in the next World Equestrian Games, which are held every four years.

0. compound-complex
1. simple
2. complex
3. compound

[Assistant]
The sentence is compound-complex. It is made up of two independent clauses and a dependent clause. The dependent clause begins with the relative pronoun which.
Anna is a competitive horseback rider, and she will be competing in the next World Equestrian Games, which are held every four years.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
An object's speed tells you how fast the object is moving. Speed depends on both distance and time.
Distance tells you how far the object has moved. One unit used to measure distance is the kilometer.
Time tells you how long the object has spent moving. One unit used to measure time is the hour.
Think about two objects moving for the same amount of time. The object that is moving faster will go a farther distance in that time. It is moving at a higher speed.

Question:
Compare the motion of two trains. Which train was moving at a higher speed?

0. a train that moved 405kilometers in 5hours
1. a train that moved 540kilometers in 5hours

[Assistant]
Look at the distance each train moved and the time it took to move that distance.
One train moved 540 kilometers in 5 hours.
The other train moved 405 kilometers in 5 hours.
Notice that each train spent the same amount of time moving. The train that moved 540 kilometers moved a farther distance in that time. So, that train must have moved at a higher speed.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Connotation is the feeling or idea that goes along with a word or phrase. Some words are close in meaning but have different connotations.
For example, think about the words eager and impatient. They both mean wanting something to happen, but they have different connotations.
Eager has a positive connotation. It is a nice word. An eager person is happy and excited.
Impatient has a negative connotation. It is not a nice word. An impatient person is often pushy and demanding.

Question:
Which phrase has a more negative connotation?

0. boast about something
1. talk about something

[Assistant]
Boast about something has a more negative connotation. If you boast about something, you talk about it with too much pride.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Present tense verbs tell you about something that is happening now.
Most present-tense verbs are regular. They have no ending, or they end in -s or -es.
Two verbs are irregular in the present tense, to be and to have. You must remember their forms.
Past tense verbs tell you about something that has already happened.
Most past-tense verbs are regular. They end in -ed.
Some verbs are irregular in the past tense. You must remember their past-tense forms.
Future tense verbs tell you about something that is going to happen.
All future-tense verbs use the word will.
Present | Past | Future
walk, walks | walked | will walk
go, goes | went | will go

Question:
Which tense does the sentence use?
Mr. Boyd signed his name on the letter.

0. present tense
1. future tense
2. past tense

[Assistant]
The sentence is in past tense. You can tell because it uses a past-tense verb, signed. The verb ends in -ed and tells you about something that has already happened.
Therefore my final answer is: 2


[User]
Question:
Select the one true statement.

0. Chromosomes are inside the nucleus of an animal cell.
1. The cell membrane stores nutrients, water, and waste in a plant cell.
2. Plant cells can have mitochondria but do not have vacuoles.

[Assistant] Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
Here, Lila alludes to the fairy tale "Cinderella," in which Cinderella must leave the ball before the coach that brought her transforms into a pumpkin. The allusion shows that Lila must depart immediately.

Question:
What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
Finn dropped out of college to travel the world, but a year later, the prodigal son returned home and re-enrolled.

0. Greek mythology
1. the Bible

[Assistant]
The source of the allusion prodigal son is the Bible.
In a Biblical parable, the prodigal son irresponsibly spends the inheritance given to him by his father. When he returns home, he expects to be shamed, but his father forgives him.
The allusion prodigal son means a person who behaves recklessly but later makes a repentant return.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
A clause is a group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate.
An independent clause is a complete thought. It can stand alone as a sentence. A dependent clause is not a complete thought. It cannot stand alone as a sentence.
the oranges on our tree are ripe
The clause can stand alone. It is independent.
after we pick up Kevin from work
The clause cannot stand alone. It is dependent.
A simple sentence is made up of a single independent clause.
Ben and I spent all day relaxing by the pool.
Some simple sentences have introductory phrases, but the introductory phrase is part of the predicate.
In the winter, Ben usually wears his heavy coat.
Ben usually wears his heavy coat in the winter.
A compound sentence is made up of two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction such as and, but, or, or so.
We saw a flash of lightning, and seconds later we heard the rumble of thunder.
A complex sentence is made up of an independent clause and a dependent clause. The dependent clause usually begins with a subordinating conjunction such as after, although, as, because, before, if, since, unless, until, when, or while.
If she ever gets the chance, Terri would love to visit the Egyptian pyramids.

Question:
Which is a complex sentence?

0. Mr. Long's afternoon lecture was about art and culture in Germany before World War II.
1. Bobby prepared a receipt for the customer while Eddie packaged her items for her.

[Assistant]
The second sentence is the complex sentence. It is made up of an independent clause and a dependent clause. The dependent clause begins with the subordinating conjunction while.
Bobby prepared a receipt for the customer while Eddie packaged her items for her.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different alleles, or forms, that can cause different versions of a trait.
For example, flower color is a trait in pea plants. The gene for this trait has two possible alleles. Each allele is represented by an uppercase or lowercase letter. The allele F is for purple flowers, and the allele f is for white flowers. Each pea plant has two alleles for the flower color geneone allele inherited from each parent.
An organism's genotype for a gene is its combination of alleles for that gene. So, a pea plant may have a genotype of FF, Ff, or ff for the flower color gene.
An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait, which depends on the organism's combination of alleles. A pea plant may have a phenotype of purple flowers or white flowers for the flower color trait.

Question:
Based on this information, what is Nessie's phenotype for the body color trait?

0. bb
1. a golden body

[Assistant]
An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait. Nessie's observable version of the body color trait is a golden body. So, Nessie's phenotype for the body color trait is a golden body.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment. Children do not inherit their parents' acquired traits.

Question:
Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Sue has a scar on her right hand.

0. inherited
1. acquired

[Assistant]
Children do not inherit their parent's scars. Instead, scars are caused by the environment. People can get scars after they get hurt. So, having a scar is an acquired trait.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Words change in meaning when speakers begin using them in new ways. For example, the word peruse once only meant to examine in detail, but it's now also commonly used to mean to look through in a casual manner.
When a word changes in meaning, its correct usage is often debated. Although a newer sense of the word may be more commonly used, many people consider a word's traditional definition to be the correct usage. Being able to distinguish the different uses of a word can help you use it appropriately for different audiences.
Britney perused her notes, carefully preparing for her exam.
The traditional usage above is considered more standard.
David perused the magazine, absentmindedly flipping through the pages.
The nontraditional usage above is now commonly used, but traditional style guides generally advise against it.

Question:
Which text uses the word disinterested in its traditional sense?

0. Akira is happy with her position as class treasurer. Though she would have the support of the student council, she is disinterested in running for student body president.
1. Akira is excellent in her position as class treasurer. She always manages to be disinterested in student council debates about the allocation of extracurricular funds.

[Assistant]
The second text uses disinterested in its traditional sense: unbiased or impartial.
Akira is excellent in her position as class treasurer. She always manages to be disinterested in student council debates about the allocation of extracurricular funds.
The first text uses disinterested in its nontraditional sense: uninterested or indifferent.
Akira is happy with her position as class treasurer. Though she would have the support of the student council, she is disinterested in running for student body president.
Most style guides recommend to use the traditional sense of the word disinterested because it is considered more standard.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
There are four kinds of sentences.
A declarative sentence is a statement. It tells about something. A declarative sentence always ends with a period.
I have an older brother and a younger sister.
An interrogative sentence is a question. It asks something. An interrogative sentence always ends with a question mark.
How tall are you?
An imperative sentence is a command. It makes a request or tells someone to do something. An imperative sentence usually ends with a period. If the command shows strong feeling, it ends with an exclamation point.
Read the first chapter by next week.
Look out for that car!
An exclamatory sentence is like a statement, but it shows surprise or strong feeling. An exclamatory sentence always ends with an exclamation point.
Some whales are over ninety feet long!
I can't wait until tomorrow!

Question:
What kind of sentence is this?
Will you be here again next Wednesday?

0. interrogative
1. declarative

[Assistant]
The sentence asks something, and it ends with a question mark. It is an interrogative sentence.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different alleles, or forms, that can cause different versions of a trait.
For example, flower color is a trait in pea plants. The gene for this trait has two possible alleles. Each allele is represented by an uppercase or lowercase letter. The allele F is for purple flowers, and the allele f is for white flowers. Each pea plant has two alleles for the flower color geneone allele inherited from each parent.
An organism's genotype for a gene is its combination of alleles for that gene. So, a pea plant may have a genotype of FF, Ff, or ff for the flower color gene.
An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait, which depends on the organism's combination of alleles. A pea plant may have a phenotype of purple flowers or white flowers for the flower color trait.
Some traits, like flower color in pea plants, are controlled by a single gene. Most plants and animals have a genotype made up of two alleles for these traits. These two alleles determine whether an organism is homozygous or heterozygous for the gene.
An organism with two identical alleles for a gene is homozygous for that gene. A pea plant with the genotype FF or ff is homozygous for the flower color gene.
An organism with two different alleles for a gene is heterozygous for that gene. A pea plant with the genotype Ff is heterozygous for the flower color gene.
The types of alleles in an organism's genotype determine the organism's phenotype. Some alleles have types called dominant and recessive. These two types can cause different versions of a trait to appear as the organism's phenotype.
A dominant allele causes its version of the trait to appear even when the organism also has a recessive allele for the gene. In pea plants, the F allele, which causes purple flowers, is dominant over the f allele. A pea plant with at least one F allele will have the F allele's version of the flower color trait. So, a plant with the genotype FF or Ff will have purple flowers.
A recessive allele causes its version of the trait to appear only when the organism does not have any dominant alleles for the gene. In pea plants, the f allele, which causes white flowers, is recessive to the F allele. A pea plant with only f alleles will have the f allele's version of the flower color trait. So, a plant with the genotype ff will have white flowers.

Question:
Based on this information, what is Holly's phenotype for the body hair trait?

0. a hairless body
1. a hairy body

[Assistant]
You need to determine Holly's phenotype for the body hair trait. First, consider the alleles in Holly's genotype for the body hair gene. Then, decide whether these alleles are dominant or recessive.
The allele for a hairy body (B) is dominant over the allele for a hairless body (b). This means B is a dominant allele, and b is a recessive allele.
Holly's genotype of Bb has one dominant allele and one recessive allele. An organism with at least one dominant allele for a gene will have the dominant allele's version of the trait. So, Holly's phenotype for the body hair trait must be a hairy body.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Scientists sort animals with similar traits into groups. This is called classification. Classification helps scientists learn about how animals live.
How do scientists classify animals? First, they make observations about an animal. Scientists observe the animal's traits, including its body parts and behavior. Then, scientists compare the animal's traits to other animals' traits. Scientists classify animals with similar traits into a group.

Question:
Select the one animal that has all of the reptile traits listed above.

0. Smooth newts have moist, smooth skin with black spots. Young smooth newts hatch from eggs without shells. They live in streams or ponds until they are about ten weeks old. Then, they crawl onto land.
1. Box turtles can live to be over 100 years old! They have scaly, waterproof skin and a thick shell that helps protect them from predators. Box turtles lay eggs with shells.

[Assistant]
To decide if an animal is part of a group, look at the traits of the group.
Reptiles have the following traits:
They have scaly, waterproof skin.
They make eggs with shells.
Compare each animal's traits to the group's traits. Select the animal with traits similar to the group's traits.
A smooth newt has the following traits:
It spends part of its life in water and part on land.
It has moist skin.
It makes eggs with no shells.
A smooth newt does not have all of the traits of a reptile. A smooth newt is an amphibian.
A box turtle has the following traits:
It has scaly, waterproof skin.
It makes eggs with shells.
A box turtle has the traits of a reptile. A box turtle is a reptile.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment. Children do not inherit their parents' acquired traits.

Question:
Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Avery has a scar on her right knee.

0. inherited
1. acquired

[Assistant]
Children do not inherit their parent's scars. Instead, scars are caused by the environment. People can get scars after they get hurt. So, having a scar is an acquired trait.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Imagine being told that the bus leaves in 7. You might be thinking, 7 what? Does the bus leave in 7 minutes? 7 seconds?
The number 7 on its own does not give you much information about when the bus is leaving. That is because the units are missing.
Time is usually measured in units of seconds, minutes, or hours. It takes about 1 second to sneeze and 1 minute to get dressed in the morning. It takes about 1 hour to bake a pie in the oven.
There are 60 seconds in 1 minute. So, 1 second is much less than 1 minute.
There are 60 minutes in 1 hour. So, 1 minute is much less than 1 hour.

Question:
How long does it take to bake lasagna in the oven?

0. 37 hours
1. 37 minutes

[Assistant]
The better estimate for how long it takes to bake lasagna in the oven is 37 minutes.
37 hours is too slow.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Present tense verbs tell you about something that is happening now.
Most present-tense verbs are regular. They have no ending, or they end in -s or -es.
Two verbs are irregular in the present tense, to be and to have. You must remember their forms.
Past tense verbs tell you about something that has already happened.
Most past-tense verbs are regular. They end in -ed.
Some verbs are irregular in the past tense. You must remember their past-tense forms.
Future tense verbs tell you about something that is going to happen.
All future-tense verbs use the word will.
Present | Past | Future
walk, walks | walked | will walk
go, goes | went | will go

Question:
Which tense does the sentence use?
The loud thunder will wake the baby.

0. future tense
1. present tense
2. past tense

[Assistant]
The sentence is in future tense. You can tell because it uses will before the main verb, wake. The verb tells you about something that is going to happen.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Everything you can buy is either a good or a service.
A good is something you can touch or hold in your hands. For example, a hammer is a good.
A service is a job you pay someone else to do. For example, cooking food in a restaurant is a service.

Question:
Is a cupcake a good or a service?

0. a good
1. a service

[Assistant]
To decide whether a cupcake is a good or a service, ask these questions:
Is a cupcake something you can touch? Yes.
Is a cupcake a job you might pay someone else to do? No.
So, a cupcake is a good.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Informal writing is typically used in casual situations or when communicating with someone you know well. Informal language often expresses familiarity and tends to sound more like speech. It uses more conversational language, such as slang, idioms, abbreviations, imprecise language, and contractions.
Formal writing is typically used in academic and business writing or when writing directly to an authority figure. It tends to be more courteous and impersonal, avoiding overly familiar or conversational language.
Compare the following sentences.
Informal: Yeah, ostriches can't fly, but I think they're awesome.
More formal: Ostriches may be flightless, but they're remarkable runners.
Most formal: Though flightless, ostriches are remarkable runners.

Question:
Which press release is more formal?

0. On Nov. 19, musicians from all over town will battle it out in the fourth annual Jam-a-thon, happening at the amphitheater.
1. On November 19, the Lanberry Amphitheater will host area musicians vying for top honors in the fourth annual Jam-a-thon.

[Assistant]
The first press release is more formal. It uses more elevated language (area musicians, top honors). The other press release uses idioms (battle it out) and abbreviations (Nov.).
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Connotation is the feeling or idea that goes along with a word or phrase. Some words are close in meaning but have different connotations.
For example, think about the words eager and impatient. They both mean wanting something to happen, but they have different connotations.
Eager has a positive connotation. It is a nice word. An eager person is happy and excited.
Impatient has a negative connotation. It is not a nice word. An impatient person is often pushy and demanding.

Question:
Which phrase has a more negative connotation?

0. a confident person
1. a conceited person

[Assistant]
A conceited person has a more negative connotation. Conceited and confident both denote having a positive opinion of yourself. However, conceited suggests being overly proud and stuck-up, while confident suggests having a healthy level of self-assurance.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Alliteration is the repetition of sounds at the beginning of nearby words.
What a lucky little lady you are!
An allusion is a brief reference to something or someone well known, often from history or literature.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
An idiom is an expression that cannot be understood literally. Its meaning must be learned.
The assignment was a piece of cake.
A simile uses like or as to compare two things that are not actually alike.
The cat's fur was as dark as the night.
A metaphor compares two things that are not actually alike without using like or as.
The snow formed a blanket over the town.
Onomatopoeia involves using a word that expresses a sound.
The scrambled eggs hit the floor with a splat.
Personification is giving human characteristics to nonhuman things.
The trees danced in the wind.
A pun involves using a word or phrase in a humorous way that suggests more than one meaning.
A great new broom is sweeping the nation.
Verbal irony involves saying one thing but implying something very different. People often use verbal irony when they are being sarcastic.
Olivia seems thrilled that her car keeps breaking down.
Each breakdown is as enjoyable as a punch to the face.

Question:
Which figure of speech is used in this text?
Dan's room is as tidy as an overgrown garden.

0. verbal irony
1. pun

[Assistant]
The text uses verbal irony, which involves saying one thing but implying something very different.
As tidy as an overgrown garden shows verbal irony because an overgrown garden is not tidy.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
A sentence is a group of words that forms a complete thought. It has both a subject and a verb.
My friends walk along the path.
A run-on sentence is made up of two sentences that are joined without end punctuation or with just a comma.
I knocked on the door it opened.
It started raining, we ran inside.
To fix a run-on sentence, separate it into two sentences. Add end punctuation after the first sentence, and capitalize the second sentence.
I knocked on the door. It opened.
It started raining. We ran inside.
You can also fix a run-on sentence by rewriting it as a compound sentence. A compound sentence is two sentences joined by a comma and a conjunction such as and, but, or, or so.
I knocked on the door, and it opened.
It started raining, so we ran inside.

Question:
Which is a complete sentence?

0. The cardboard box gets wet it falls apart.
1. Leslie spilled apple juice on the carpet.

[Assistant]
Leslie spilled apple juice on the carpet is a complete sentence. The subject is Leslie, and the verb is spilled.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different alleles, or forms, that can cause different versions of a trait.
For example, flower color is a trait in pea plants. The gene for this trait has two possible alleles. Each allele is represented by an uppercase or lowercase letter. The allele F is for purple flowers, and the allele f is for white flowers. Each pea plant has two alleles for the flower color geneone allele inherited from each parent.
An organism's genotype for a gene is its combination of alleles for that gene. So, a pea plant may have a genotype of FF, Ff, or ff for the flower color gene.
An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait, which depends on the organism's combination of alleles. A pea plant may have a phenotype of purple flowers or white flowers for the flower color trait.

Question:
Based on this information, what is this fruit fly's phenotype for the body color trait?

0. a gray body
1. Bb

[Assistant]
An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait. The fruit fly's observable version of the body color trait is a gray body. So, the fly's phenotype for the body color trait is a gray body.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Scientists sort animals with similar traits into groups. This is called classification. Classification helps scientists learn about how animals live.
How do scientists classify animals? First, they make observations about an animal. Scientists observe the animal's traits, including its body parts and behavior. Then, scientists compare the animal's traits to other animals' traits. Scientists classify animals with similar traits into a group.

Question:
Select the one animal that has all of the amphibian traits listed above.

0. Common ostriches have a beak and feathers. They also have two wings, but they cannot fly. Ostriches lay the biggest eggs of any bird. The shell of an ostrich egg is so hard that you can stand on the egg without breaking it!
1. Great crested newts have moist brown skin with black spots. Adult great crested newts mostly live on land, but young newts live underwater. Great crested newt eggs do not have shells. The female newts wrap their eggs in leaves for protection.

[Assistant]
To decide if an animal is part of a group, look at the traits of the group.
Amphibians have the following traits:
They spend part of their lives in water and part on land.
They have moist skin.
They make eggs with no shells.
Compare each animal's traits to the group's traits. Select the animal with traits similar to the group's traits.
A common ostrich has the following traits:
It has feathers.
It has wings.
It has a beak.
It makes eggs with shells.
A common ostrich does not have all of the traits of an amphibian. A common ostrich is a bird.
A great crested newt has the following traits:
It spends part of its life in water and part on land.
It has moist skin.
It makes eggs with no shells.
A great crested newt has the traits of an amphibian. A great crested newt is an amphibian.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Personification is giving human characteristics to nonhuman things. It is a figure of speech that can be used to make writing more interesting or to emphasize a point.
The trees danced in the wind.
The word danced describes the trees as if they were people. Unlike people, however, trees can't actually dance. Instead, the personification suggests that the trees are moving.

Question:
Complete the sentence so that it uses personification.
The car engine () as Mr. Cooper tried to start it in the freezing cold.

0. coughed
1. failed

[Assistant]
Complete the sentence with the word coughed. It describes the engine as if it were a person who is sick.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
All solids, liquids, and gases are made of matter. Matter is made up of tiny particles that are always moving. The energy from the motion of these particles is called thermal energy.
Temperature measures how hot or cold matter is. If the particles in matter slow down, the temperature goes down. The matter now has both less thermal energy and a lower temperature.

Question:
Which object has the least thermal energy?

0. a 9-kilogram gold bar at a temperature of 91C
1. a 9-kilogram gold bar at a temperature of 77C
2. a 9-kilogram gold bar at a temperature of 89C

[Assistant]
All three gold bars have the same mass but different temperatures. Since the 77C gold bar is the coldest, it has the least thermal energy.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.
Dear Aunt Sue,
I'm glad you could come to my party, and
thank you for the birthday gift. I could not have
asked for a better one! Every time I see it, I think
of you.
With love,
Rory

Question:
Which closing is correct for a letter?

0. your friend,
Danielle
1. Your friend,
Danielle

[Assistant]
The first closing is correct:
Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Solid, liquid, and gas are states of matter. Matter is anything that takes up space. Matter can come in different states, or forms.
When matter is a solid, it has a definite volume and a definite shape. So, a solid has a size and shape of its own.
Some solids can be easily folded, bent, or broken. A piece of paper is a solid. Also, some solids are very small. A grain of sand is a solid.
When matter is a liquid, it has a definite volume but not a definite shape. So, a liquid has a size of its own, but it does not have a shape of its own. Think about pouring juice from a bottle into a cup. The juice still takes up the same amount of space, but it takes the shape of the bottle.
Some liquids do not pour as easily as others. Honey and milk are both liquids. But pouring honey takes more time than pouring milk.
When matter is a gas, it does not have a definite volume or a definite shape. A gas expands, or gets bigger, until it completely fills a space. A gas can also get smaller if it is squeezed into a smaller space.
Many gases are invisible. Air is a gas.

Question:
Select the solid.

0. water in a glass
1. sand
2. rain puddle
3. air inside a bubble

[Assistant]
Sand is a solid. A solid has a size and shape of its own. Sand is made of many small pieces of rocks and minerals, called grains. Imagine putting many grains of sand into a bucket. The sand takes the shape of the bucket, as a liquid would. But be careful! Sand is not a liquid. Each grain of sand still has a size and shape of its own. So, sand is a solid.
The air inside a bubble is a gas. A gas expands to fill a space. The air inside a bubble fills all the space in the bubble. If the bubble pops, the air will expand to fill a much larger space.
A rain puddle is a liquid. A liquid takes the shape of any container it is in. If you collect rainwater in a bucket, the rainwater will take the shape of the bucket. But the rainwater will still take up the same amount of space.
The water in a glass is a liquid. A liquid takes the shape of any container it is in. If you pour water from a glass into a different container, the water will take the shape of that container. But the water will still take up the same amount of space.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment. Children do not inherit their parents' acquired traits.

Question:
Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Deb is good at knitting hats.

0. acquired
1. inherited

[Assistant]
People are not born knowing how to knit. Instead, many people learn how to knit. Knitting well takes practice. So, knitting well is an acquired trait.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Every object is made of one or more materials. A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.
A material has different properties. A material's properties tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Some examples of properties are shiny, hard, fragile, and stretchy.
For example, a shiny material reflects a lot of light. A fragile material breaks when you drop it.

Question:
Which is smoother?

0. bark
1. soap bar

[Assistant]
Smooth is a property. A smooth material is not rough or bumpy.
Look at each picture, one at a time. Imagine touching the material shown in each picture.
Of the choices, the soap bar is smoother. If you touch a bar of soap, it will not feel rough or bumpy.
Therefore my final answer is: 1