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https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13yc3qh/friday_freeforall_june_02_2023/ | 13yc3qh | 19 | t3_13yc3qh | Friday Free-for-All | June 02, 2023 | [Previously](https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/search?q=title%3A%22Friday+Free-for-All%22&restrict_sr=on&sort=new&t=all)
Today:
You know the drill: this is the thread for all your history-related outpourings that are not necessarily questions. Minor questions that you feel don't need or merit their own threads a... | 12 | 0.75 | null | false | 1,685,710,815 | [
{
"body": "Hey there, I had a long conversation with professor Andrew Reeves, the creator and host of [The Reeve’s Tale](https://shows.acast.com/the-reeves-tale-a-medieval-miscellany-with-andrew-reeves), a podcast all about the many ways “Middle Ages are ***awesome***.” \n\nOur chat has been titled \"[*The Mid... | 3 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13wq6u6/short_answers_to_simple_questions_may_31_2023/ | 13wq6u6 | 48 | t3_13wq6u6 | Short Answers to Simple Questions | May 31, 2023 | [Previous weeks!](https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/search?sort=new&restrict_sr=on&q=flair%3ASASQ)
**Please Be Aware**: We expect everyone to read the rules and guidelines of this thread. Mods *will* remove questions which we deem to be too involved for the theme in place here. We *will* remove answers which don'... | 11 | 0.93 | null | false | 1,685,548,858 | [
{
"body": "What is the first recorded mention of the idea of progress? (That is, the idea that human society is growing better rather than degenerating or continuing in a perpetual cycle)\n\nI've posted this 4 times now. Usually repeating yourself is encouraged here, so I *think* that's okay, but is there a bet... | 3 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13y7ee7/why_is_gps_free/ | 13y7ee7 | 199 | t3_13y7ee7 | Why is GPS free? | As far as I can remember, I never needed a paid data bundle to use GPS on my phone and old car navigation devices didn't require a subscription to get a good GPS signal. This seems odd to me since a lot of money had to be spent on sattelites when GPS was created. Why did the creators of GPS decide not to charge any mon... | 1,342 | 0.94 | null | false | 1,685,696,390 | [
{
"body": "Oh man! A question I can answer!\n\nI'm a GPS engineer. I'll answer this in a sort of roundabout way by explaining the history of GPS and how it works - then get into why it's used for civil application and why you don't have to pay for it.\n\nGPS was originally a US AirForce program called Navstar. ... | 2 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13ycon3/in_antiquity_only_representatives_from_greek/ | 13ycon3 | 10 | t3_13ycon3 | In antiquity, only representatives from “Greek” cities were invited to participate in the Olympic Games. What defined a city as “Greek”? There were Greek colonies in France and all through Anatolia; the people of these cities spoke Greek and participated in “Greek” culture, right? | What were the boarders for lands that were thought of as “Greek” and why were they drawn there? | 227 | 0.98 | null | false | 1,685,712,176 | [
{
"body": "This is a fairly contested question in both ancient times and today. To give just one example of this, Macedon was famously a bit of an edge case, and there is a somewhat well known passage of Herodotus describing its contested identity in relation to the Olympic games (V.22, [translation from here](... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13yaeo5/what_did_chinese_food_in_the_byzantine_empire/ | 13yaeo5 | 7 | t3_13yaeo5 | What did Chinese food in the Byzantine empire look like? | I've seen mentions of Chinese food being popular in Constantinople in two popular history works: Larry Gonick's world history comics and Bettany Hughes' "Istanbul: a tale of three cities". Both only mention it without going into detail, though, and don't provide a source for this claim specifically.
My questions a... | 235 | 0.95 | null | false | 1,685,706,448 | [
{
"body": "Could you possibly post the specific locations of these references? I've done a quick search but also have found pretty meagre investigations of Chinese food in the empire.\n\nOf the relevant scholarship, I can recommend Dalby's *Tastes of Byzantium* as well as Brubaker and Linardou's volume *Eat, Dr... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13yn8m9/how_did_the_agenda_item_of_champagne_the_drink/ | 13yn8m9 | 3 | t3_13yn8m9 | How did the agenda item of Champagne (the drink) form part of the Treaty of Versailles? | An anecdote I hear repeated often is that the Treaty of Versailles preserved or protected in some way the rights of only specific regions in France to use the term Champagne for the drink that bears this name. These legal rights continue to this day and are acknowledged by other jurisdictions now too, I believe. A foll... | 19 | 0.96 | null | false | 1,685,735,980 | [
{
"body": "Champagne is an *\"appellation d'origine contrôlée\"*, a protected area legally defined for the purposes of producing a product associated with that region. Other appellations you might be familiar with include Congac (as in the brandy), Roquefort (as in the cheese), and Tequila (as in the mezcal).\n... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13xrtao/alexander_the_great_famously_founded_several/ | 13xrtao | 30 | t3_13xrtao | Alexander the Great famously founded several cities bearing his name during his conquests. What does founding a city actually look like in this context? What structures were built? How was the city populated? | 1,520 | 0.98 | null | false | 1,685,649,893 | [
{
"body": "Hello! I'm going to attempt to answer this question. It is quite difficult to do so, however, because while sources do talk about the technical side of founding new cities around this time, they often do not really explain why or how they were actually built.\n\nAlexander probably founded many of his... | 3 | |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13ygez0/how_centralized_was_actually_the_late_roman_empire/ | 13ygez0 | 2 | t3_13ygez0 | How centralized was actually the late Roman Empire? | Greetings fellow enjoyer of history!
I have never posted in this community but there's a question that has been boiling inside my head for a while now.
So, I've been fascinated with the period of the "Dark Age" era and the whole germanic migrations for a while now. And even though nowadays, more and more people l... | 23 | 0.81 | null | false | 1,685,721,082 | [
{
"body": "First, I might suggest dismissing the term \"\"Dark Age\" from your mind. A few interesting books on the post-Roman, pre-European periods are:\n\nHerrin, \"The Formation of Christendom\" (1987)\n\nHeather, \"Barbarians and Empires\" (2010)\n\nHeather, \"The Fall of the Roman Empire\" (2006)\n\nWickh... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13y3kg1/are_there_any_good_documentaries_or_shows_on_the/ | 13y3kg1 | 18 | t3_13y3kg1 | Are there any good documentaries or shows on the Aztecs that aren’t like ancient aliens? | Don’t get me wrong, I like ancient aliens but I want something more historically based. Almost everything I could find to watch is on how maybe the aliens built the pyramids or conspiracy theories. I just want straight up Aztec history backed up by actual sources and not “This symbol kinda looks like a helicopter!” Doe... | 137 | 0.95 | null | false | 1,685,682,253 | [
{
"body": "Consider reading a book! *Aztecs: An Interpretation* by Inga Clendinnen is a very readable general-audience portrait of Aztec society by a highly regarded historian of Mesoamerica; it's also an extremely vivid account of the Aztec world that makes even its most extreme features (like human sacrifice)... | 2 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13xxyvb/if_the_genus_capsicum_is_native_to_the_americas/ | 13xxyvb | 17 | t3_13xxyvb | If the genus capsicum is native to the Americas, was Indian food spicy before 1492 -- and if so, what spicy ingredients did they use? | 319 | 0.97 | null | false | 1,685,665,167 | [
{
"body": "Pungent aka \"spicy\" spices used in India since antiquity:\n\n*Piper nigrum,* aka black pepper was extensively used in Europe and India. Ayurvedic cooking (which dates well before the Columbian exchange) lists black pepper as an ingredient. Green peppercorns (same species, just underripe) was used ... | 2 | |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13yqm5l/are_there_any_theories_to_why_subsaharan_africa/ | 13yqm5l | 4 | t3_13yqm5l | Are there any theories to why sub-Saharan Africa lacks philosophy compared to Europe and Asia? | I learned from an answer on this Subreddit tha there is a gap, are there any theories to why this happened? | 6 | 0.59 | null | false | 1,685,742,712 | [
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"body": "What exactly do you mean *lacks philosophy*? I'm going to assume you mean pre-colonial or pre-European expansion, but any timeframe is missing in the question.\n\nAre we aware of philosophical activities in sub-Saharan Africa as we are in Europe and Asia? No. That doesn't mean they lacked philosophy,... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13yodk8/by_the_time_the_battle_of_kursk_concluded_was_the/ | 13yodk8 | 6 | t3_13yodk8 | By the time the Battle of Kursk concluded, was the Red Army powerful enough that they could have defeated Nazi Germany by themselves? | One thing that always fascinated me about world war 2 was that unlike the other fronts, the only countries that fought in the Eastern front were Germany and Russia.
I was wondering if the Russian army was powerful enough to defeat a Nazi Germany that didn’t have to divert their resources to other fronts such as the We... | 6 | 0.72 | null | false | 1,685,738,331 | [
{
"body": "I will leave the answer to people with more expertise than I have, but I wonder if it would be useful to specify in this hypothetical whether the USSR was receiving Allied aid shipments, or if by \"themselves\" we mean completely by themselves, including material and supplies.\n\nAbout 2/3rds of US s... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13yexmb/best_of_may_voting_thread/ | 13yexmb | 13 | t3_13yexmb | Best of May Voting Thread | 17 | 0.83 | null | false | 1,685,717,634 | [
{
"body": "[\"Marcus Aurelius' writings implied the possibility that gods might be unjust or non-existent. Did this cause much controversy in Roman society? How did Roman religious authorities respond to his writings?\"](https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13nry5w/marcus_aurelius_writings_implied_th... | 3 | |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13ypq5i/what_happened_to_the_french_nobility_from_1789/ | 13ypq5i | 3 | t3_13ypq5i | What happened to the French nobility from 1789 onwards? | Just wondering what exactly happened to the French aristocracy during the end of the 18th century and the 19th century. In the First French Empire, Wikipedia says that Napoleon created a new imperial nobility of his choosing, but what happened to the nobles of the Ancien Regime who had avoided being killed in the revol... | 5 | 1 | null | false | 1,685,740,952 | [
{
"body": "More can always be said (it's a big topic), but you may be interested in [my previous answer](https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/zcl1vs/in_what_sense_and_to_what_extent_were_french/) about the status of French aristocracy in the century after the Revolution.",
"created_utc": 16857457... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13yilxt/how_did_soldiers_in_the_napoleonic_wars_protect/ | 13yilxt | 2 | t3_13yilxt | How did soldiers in the Napoleonic Wars protect themselves from artillery fire? | I'm currently reading War and Peace, specifically the section on the battle of Borodino, and was amazed that Prince Andrey's regiment stood in reserve under artillery fire and just waited. From the text it seemed that they were just waiting for orders, standing there while scores of them died. I understand War and Peac... | 8 | 0.8 | null | false | 1,685,726,092 | [
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"body": "I can't speak to Borodino specifically, but there's 2 points I had in mind that might help out.\n\n1. Preparation time: if the meeting of the armies was relatively unexpected there may not have been time to entrench. Also, if they reserve units were planning on being deployed where the front line was... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13xfu1h/could_romulus_and_remus_simply_be_stand_ins_for/ | 13xfu1h | 73 | t3_13xfu1h | Could Romulus and Remus simply be stand ins for two early settlements that had been growing on the banks of the Tiber in the 8th century BCE? Or do Historians think that they might have actually been real figures? | 1,466 | 0.96 | null | false | 1,685,621,212 | [
{
"body": "Most historians consider Romulus and Remus to be completely fictional. While Andrea Carandini argues for the authenticity of Rome's foundation myth, most historians reject his hypothesis.\n\nAncient people's often attributed city foundations to \"nomative founders\", an individual who would intention... | 3 | |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13y4wno/its_the_year_1000_and_i_am_the_son_of_the_emperor/ | 13y4wno | 3 | t3_13y4wno | It's the year 1000 and I am the son of the Emperor of the Byzantine Empire, and I have a great fascination with the Roman Republic, and the Roman Empire. How does my knowledge compare to modern-day historians? Do I know more? Or less? What misconceptions might I have? | 49 | 0.87 | null | false | 1,685,686,955 | [
{
"body": "You would have a pretty good understanding of the republic, kingdom, and early empire. Given that so many classical texts come to us via Byzantine preservation, you, as a prince (or co-emperor, we have to imagine since all the emperors of the early 1000's were childless, save for one who had 3 daught... | 1 | |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13y8ox4/what_would_julius_caesar_leaving_75_denarii_to/ | 13y8ox4 | 2 | t3_13y8ox4 | What would Julius Caesar leaving 75 denarii to the population of rome meant for the economy of rome? | While reading another question on this site, a question suddenly popped up in my mind: If a huge number of people in vienna would suddenly gain 2 and a half worth of money, would this have had an impact on the economy? Would this have caused some sort of inflation with a sudden rise in food costs, or living costs? I im... | 16 | 0.88 | null | false | 1,685,700,924 | [
{
"body": "Here's a great [answer](https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/mayt8o/comment/grvs4g2/?utm_source=share&utm_medium=web2x&context=3) from [u/toldinstone](https://www.reddit.com/user/toldinstone/).",
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"permalink"... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13yjaut/why_were_communist_states_dictatorships/ | 13yjaut | 2 | t3_13yjaut | Why were communist states dictatorships? | 4 | 0.61 | null | false | 1,685,727,697 | [
{
"body": "This is not to discourage further answers, but this [answer](https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/m6u93x/how_did_soviet_democracy_work/gr89x0g/) I wrote to a question about Soviet democracy. It talks a bit about the structure and mechanics of elections and party rule, but also how, in Marx... | 1 | |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13y8j4g/when_and_why_did_military_recruitment_switch_from/ | 13y8j4g | 4 | t3_13y8j4g | When and why did military recruitment switch from joining a particular company or regiment to joining "the Army" as a whole? | I get the sense that the changeover broadly took place between the late 19th century and the Second World War, but I'm curious about the specific processes and factors involved, especially as it differed between countries. | 11 | 0.67 | null | false | 1,685,700,351 | [
{
"body": "I asked a similar question about 5 years ago. https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/7njvzi/reorganization_of_us_army/?utm_source=share&utm_medium=android_app&utm_name=androidcss&utm_term=1&utm_content=share_button\n\nMy apologies for not being good at formatting the link.\n\nETA: I forgot t... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13ystf1/how_did_people_wake_up_at_specific_times_before/ | 13ystf1 | 8 | t3_13ystf1 | How did people wake up at specific times before alarm clocks were a thing? | I know waking up at a specific time wasn’t all that important before the industrial revolution, but i still wonder. | 2 | 0.6 | null | false | 1,685,747,249 | [
{
"body": "This is more recent in historical times, but the Church held a practice called The Liturgy of the Hours where holy people held prayers and burned candles to mark the passage of time. Often, there were just people who stayed up late as part of their job, and woke other people up when it was time.\n\nT... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13y1kuf/did_the_hanging_gardens_of_babylon_actually_exist/ | 13y1kuf | 4 | t3_13y1kuf | Did the hanging gardens of Babylon actually exist? | 22 | 0.83 | null | false | 1,685,675,659 | [
{
"body": "This older answer by u/mythoplokos goes into further detail, but the general consensus is yes, in some form, they did: [Did the Hanging Gardens of Babylon actually exist, and has definitive proof been found? Why is it the only wonder whose location has not been definitely found?](https://www.reddit.c... | 1 | |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13xx4ds/when_did_people_living_in_modern_day_germany/ | 13xx4ds | 4 | t3_13xx4ds | When did people living in modern day Germany consider themselves “German?” | I was watching Queen Charlotte, the Bridgerton story, and Charlotte and her brother described themselves as “German.” The show takes place during 1761, and I know that Germany didn’t unify until about 1871. The story is *inspired* by fact but would people living in Mirow consider themselves “German” in the 1700’s? | 29 | 0.82 | null | false | 1,685,662,905 | [
{
"body": "\"Germans\" identify as \"German\" since a very long time, but the meaning of the word has changed a lot.\n\nThe first known self-identification as \"German\" is dated back to the 13th century, by German scholars like Alexander von Roes and Lupold von Bebenburg. Before that, *Deutsch* (or *teutsch*) ... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13yhkmz/russians_sent_two_brigades_to_fight_on_the/ | 13yhkmz | 2 | t3_13yhkmz | Russians sent two brigades to fight on the western front in ww1, but why didn't the allies send any troops to fight in Russia, especially toward the end of the war when they could have used the men? | 1 | 0.67 | null | false | 1,685,723,761 | [
{
"body": "They did, actually! I believe there are a few examples, but the main one I'm aware of was the Royal Naval Armoured Car Division, which arrived early in 1916. Counting about 550 men and 45 armored cars, plus support, they would fight under Russian command for the next two years, only withdrawn in late... | 1 | |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13yfc7a/why_did_the_usa_and_canada_become_economically/ | 13yfc7a | 3 | t3_13yfc7a | Why did the USA and Canada become economically powerful modern nations but Mexico didn't? | As far as I know, these three nations had roughly similar origins. They started as European colonies, wiped out the native people, used the stolen natural resources to build up, then declared independence.
So why are the US and Canada so different than Mexico? I realize many of the stereotypes about Mexico aren't true... | 0 | 0.4 | null | false | 1,685,718,587 | [
{
"body": "Long story short, industrialization.\n\nThere were several factors that contributed to the divergent economic trajectories between the three countries, but industrialization is, probably, the most relevant.\n\nThere was, of course, colonialism. The United States and Canada experienced a more diversif... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13y11z3/what_rights_did_the_us_constitution_give_women/ | 13y11z3 | 8 | t3_13y11z3 | What rights did the US Constitution give women originally? If they couldn't vote, were they also not protected by the Bill of Rights? | I know that a small percentage of the US male population was actually allowed vote originally, but even after White Male Suffrage and the 15th Amendment, women still could not vote. If the government didn't consider women as part of the people referenced in the Constitution, could they also be denied the right to free ... | 6 | 0.64 | null | false | 1,685,674,064 | [
{
"body": "Voting rights are basically irrelevant here, as the Bill of Rights isn't granting rights to a group of people, where the people who \"qualify\" to be in that group can be debated. It is limiting the right of the federal government.\n\nSo the first amendment, for example, isn't specifying WHO has free... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13xt6ur/does_anyone_know_where_i_can_find_a_copy_of/ | 13xt6ur | 2 | t3_13xt6ur | Does anyone know where I can find a copy of Nelson Mandela's paper titled "How to be a Good Communist"? It was apparently submitted as evidence against him during his 1963-64 Rivonia Trial. | I've been trying to do research about the reasons why Nelson Mandela was sent to jail and I keep hearing about a document he wrote that was unrefuted and supported the claims that he was a Communist. I'm rather interested in hearing what Mandela had to say about communism as a young man. Especially with his close ties ... | 21 | 0.84 | null | false | 1,685,653,169 | [
{
"body": "According to [this](https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/eu-st01.ext.exlibrisgroup.com/27UOJ_INST/storage/alma/E9/BB/89/BF/C4/6D/F7/21/B1/B8/C6/48/A6/FB/F7/FF/uj_40626%2BSOURCE1%2BSOURCE1.1.pdf?response-content-type=application%2Fpdf&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Date=20230602T154312Z&X-Amz... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13ybhql/why_are_the_bulkan_states_a_hotbed_for_ethnic/ | 13ybhql | 7 | t3_13ybhql | Why are the Bulkan states a hotbed for ethnic violence in Europe? | I just watched a TLDR News EU video about the current tensions between Kosovo and Serbia and I'm a bit confused. Why are so many ethnic groups scattered across the Bulkans and why do they hate each other so much? Ethnic Serbs getting violent with NATO troops over license plates, election of ethnic Albanian mayors, and ... | 0 | 0.46 | null | true | 1,685,709,274 | [
{
"body": "I can give a partial answer since I live in Croatia, at the edge of the Balkans, and I also know something about its history.\n\nBalkans was historically an area or weak states and peripheral areas of different empires/states with centers in other regions. Historically it was all ruled from Rome vari... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13y6kms/how_fast_were_na_native_americans_to_adopt/ | 13y6kms | 2 | t3_13y6kms | How fast were (NA) Native Americans to adopt firearms? How did they procure them as well as ammunition during prolonged conflicts with the settlers? | 1 | 0.67 | null | false | 1,685,693,282 | [
{
"body": " The Native Nations relied on subsistence for many months of the year, and also came into regular conflict with each other. Once they realized the advantages they formed alliances with the armed colonists ( no, it was not just Pocahontas that made Powhatan strike up a brief friendship with John Smith... | 1 | |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13x84fi/what_was_so_special_about_the_principality_of/ | 13x84fi | 4 | t3_13x84fi | What was so special about the Principality of Andorra that it remained independent from both Spain and France? Was it some unique circumstancenor something more complex? Furthermore, what caused it to be ruled in such a unique way (by a President and a Prince-Bishop)? | It seems strange that such a small county would somehow resist integration into a larger body of goverance and end up being co-ruled. | 115 | 0.95 | null | false | 1,685,593,835 | [
{
"body": "There's an [answer](https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/9tujjb/why_was_andorra_never_permanently_incorporated/) by u/catopinions that addresses your questions.",
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https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13wlqd4/ancient_athens_seems_to_have_lacked_the_apartment/ | 13wlqd4 | 5 | t3_13wlqd4 | Ancient Athens seems to have lacked the apartment buildings of ancient Rome. So did most people live in small single-family homes? Should we imagine these as row houses? What would the living situation be like for the working poor and middle class? Were there slums? | 1,920 | 0.98 | null | false | 1,685,538,204 | [
{
"body": "This was a very interesting question to research.\n\nDomestic archaeology in Athens is way behind that of the major sites, such as the acropolis and the agora, for several reasons. For one, the bigger sites were deemed 'more important' than domestic architecture, more central to our understanding of ... | 1 | |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13xv09a/why_wasnt_trench_warfare_widely_used_before_ww1/ | 13xv09a | 2 | t3_13xv09a | Why wasn't trench warfare widely used before WW1? | Wouldn't it be a good strategy in the Napoleonic Wars for example, to put riflemen and light infantry in trenches to defend against line infantry? | 5 | 0.69 | null | false | 1,685,657,541 | [
{
"body": "Historically, military doctrines emphasized offensive strategies aimed at quickly seizing territory and engaging the enemy in open battle. Armies relied on mobility and maneuverability to gain advantages on the battlefield. This offensive mindset was based on the belief that decisive victories could ... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13xe3p0/in_the_abolition_of_work_bob_black_states_factory/ | 13xe3p0 | 4 | t3_13xe3p0 | In “The Abolition of Work”, Bob Black states “factory wage workers in Northern American states and in Europe were worse off than Southern plantation slaves.”. Could the conditions of industrial workers in Europe & the North c. 1860 in any way be said to be worse than American chattel slavery c.1860? | Additionally, Black states that this view, that northern & European industrial workers were worse off than Southern Chattel slaves, has been “argued convincingly” not only by “southern slave apologists”, but also by a historian named Eugene Genovese. I am not familiar with Genovese’s credentials, work, or reputation wi... | 33 | 0.85 | null | false | 1,685,615,814 | [
{
"body": "This previous answer seems relevant:\n\nhttps://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/12k3i4g/were_slaves_indoctrinated/",
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https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13xbkc6/in_spike_lees_do_the_right_thing_a_charachter/ | 13xbkc6 | 3 | t3_13xbkc6 | In Spike Lee's Do The Right Thing, a charachter asks why nobody from their neighbourhood opened a grocery shop before Korean immigrants did so. How much harder would it be for an African American to start a small business in late 1980 Brooklyn compared to a Korean? | 47 | 0.85 | null | false | 1,685,606,481 | [
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"body": "Spike Lee is portraying a very real tension that existed in black neighborhoods across the country at the time. In the late 1980s and 90s there were several boycotts by blacks of Korean grocery stores in New York, and in 1992 Korean stores would be disproportionately targeted in Los Angeles following... | 1 | |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13xgyvf/thursday_reading_recommendations_june_01_2023/ | 13xgyvf | 10 | t3_13xgyvf | Thursday Reading & Recommendations | June 01, 2023 | [Previous weeks!](https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/search?q=Thursday+Reading+%26+Research&restrict_sr=on&sort=new&t=all)
Thursday Reading and Recommendations is intended as bookish free-for-all, for the discussion and recommendation of all books historical, or tangentially so. Suggested topics include, but are b... | 16 | 0.8 | null | false | 1,685,624,419 | [
{
"body": "Anyone got good book recs on the history of the struggle against apartheid in South Africa?",
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https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13xtn2j/does_anyone_have_any_good_resources_for_detailed/ | 13xtn2j | 4 | t3_13xtn2j | Does anyone have any good resources for detailed defensive dispositions of Midway Atoll during the Battle of Midway? | Doing some volunteer research, and I’m having a hard time finding detailed information about the islands themselves during the course of the battle. Specifically, the building/hanger layouts, locations of dugouts/anti-air defenses, actual locations of PT boats deployed in the lagoon, berms, barbed wire emplacements, et... | 2 | 0.63 | null | false | 1,685,654,226 | [
{
"body": "I sniffed around a bit in what I've got handy and there's not much. Symonds spends all of two paragraphs on construction, Toll not at all. Parshall and Tully talk about the damage a little bit more, and at least I can point you towards the reference they footnote for that (which I've not read): Rob... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13wwbd6/why_were_the_great_cathedrals_of_europe_built/ | 13wwbd6 | 12 | t3_13wwbd6 | Why were the great cathedrals of Europe built with such extreme opulence and so massive (especially in the height department)? Was it solely to show glory to God or was it more political? Do we know what ordinary people thought about so much money being spent on their construction? | 209 | 0.95 | null | false | 1,685,563,160 | [
{
"body": "Starting in the 11th century, churches were re-built in romanesque and later gothic fashion, even if they had been constructed less than a decade ago. We can see this with the cathedral of Speyer, for example, which was built instead of a smaller parish church by Conrad II around 1025, only to be re-... | 2 | |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13x53oy/under_frederick_the_great_jews_were_required_to/ | 13x53oy | 4 | t3_13x53oy | Under Frederick the Great, Jews were required to by significant amounts of porcelain upon marriages, births, and house purchases. What did they feel about these mountains of fine goods? How did impoverished Jews afford it, did they immediately sell it off? | buy*
The whole thing seems very odd and random. Of course it is anti-Semitic and messed up, but that doesn't take away the impression of it also being slightly... ridiculous. | 61 | 0.94 | null | false | 1,685,584,559 | [
{
"body": "Jews not just in Prussia were considered foreigners. As such, they had no right to settle down and open a business that would compete against local merchants. They could however win the privilege of being protected by the respective feudal prince; in Prussia, that was the king himself. These Protecte... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13xg5o4/medieval_weapons_chains_vs_solid_shafts_why/ | 13xg5o4 | 6 | t3_13xg5o4 | Medieval weapons: chains vs solid shafts. Why choose one over the other? | What is the difference in use and effect between weapons that have chains and weapons that have a solid stave or shaft?
For instance, why would someone choose a flail over a mace, or vice versa?
Thanks
([video of a guy splitting wood with a goofy chain axe. skip to minute 6](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bs1j_fDGg... | 5 | 0.78 | null | false | 1,685,622,133 | [
{
"body": "While more could certainly be said, (by someone who isn't me since the Roman legions didn't use any chained weapons, so I know absolutely nothing about them) [this older reply](https://old.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/9i66ht/did_the_chain_morning_starflail_weapon_actually/) by u/wotan_weevil d... | 2 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13wvq36/chinas_barefoot_doctor_program_was_a_tremendous/ | 13wvq36 | 3 | t3_13wvq36 | China's Barefoot Doctor program was a tremendous success at providing healthcare to rural populations and led directly to the modern system of Primary Health Care adopted around the world. Why did the government end the program in 1981? | 85 | 0.9 | null | false | 1,685,561,760 | [
{
"body": "There are a couple things to unpack in your question.\n\nWhile the barefoot doctors provided a level of healthcare, the system did have significant drawbacks. I don’t think “tremendous success” captures the nuanced reality of the program. A number of ideological precepts baked into the program likely... | 1 | |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13x79tz/when_europeans_first_explored_ethiopia_did_they/ | 13x79tz | 3 | t3_13x79tz | When Europeans first explored Ethiopia did they know that there were already Christians there? | If they didn't know, what was their reaction? I imagine they were pretty shocked. | 12 | 0.78 | null | false | 1,685,591,066 | [
{
"body": "The existence of Ethiopia as a Christian kingdom beyond the Islamic world was known to Medieval Europeans, even if their direct knowledge of it was somewhat spotty. However, it had been known in pre-Islamic times, where they were some direct contacts, which u/Commustar goes into in this answer:\n\nht... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13x8j4v/did_the_goths_really_slaughter_and_enslave_100000/ | 13x8j4v | 6 | t3_13x8j4v | Did the Goths Really Slaughter and Enslave 100,000 Romans after the Siege of Philippopolis in 250 AD? If so, why is there so little focus on this event in historical-focused media? | I recently learned about the Siege of Philippopolis led by King Cniva during the Gothic invasion of Thrace. Not only did he supposedly kill or capture 100,000 Romans, he slayed a Roman emperor in combat. This must’ve been absolutely shocking to the Roman citizenry, yet I hardly hear anything about it. Equally remarkabl... | 9 | 0.85 | null | false | 1,685,595,202 | [
{
"body": "I would suspect that the 100,000 number isn't remotely real (what's the source for that, by the way?). However I can point you to some context for the time period. This is during the crisis of the third century where practically every man who could scrape together an army was calling themselves emper... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13xawy6/is_this_passage_in_the_havamal_influenced_by/ | 13xawy6 | 2 | t3_13xawy6 | Is this passage in the Havamal influenced by Christianity? | I trow I hung on that windy Tree
nine whole days and nights,
stabbed with a spear, offered to Odin,
myself to mine own self given,
high on that Tree of which none hath heard
from what roots it rises to heaven.
https://sites.pitt.edu/~dash/havamal.html#runes | 5 | 0.86 | null | false | 1,685,603,919 | [
{
"body": "tl; dr: perhaps. \n\nIt has a fairly long history of discussion among the scholars (AFAIK latest since the disputation by Sophus Bugge, Norwegian philologist in the 19th century) on the Rúnatal section of Hávamál Sts, 138-41, and while the majority of current generations of scholars seem to agree th... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13xkmlb/can_anyone_help_id_my_grandpas_mystery_wwii_patch/ | 13xkmlb | 2 | t3_13xkmlb | Can anyone help ID my Grandpa's mystery WWII patch? | Does anyone recognize this? Image and Google searches failed me. I hope you can help me figure out where this came from exactly. All I know is my grandfather brought it back with him after WW2. He was in the US Army Air Corps. Looks like black cloth gold threading.
[https://imgur.com/gallery/o5jUnGD] | 0 | 0.5 | null | false | 1,685,633,520 | [
{
"body": "Welcome to /r/AskHistorians. **Please [Read Our Rules](https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/wiki/rules) before you comment in this community**. Understand that [rule breaking comments get removed](https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/h8aefx/rules_roundtable_xviii_removed_curation_and_why... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13xjgt1/why_was_the_katyn_masscare_swept_under_the_rug/ | 13xjgt1 | 3 | t3_13xjgt1 | Why was the Katyn masscare swept under the rug? | Recently, I read about the Katyn Massacre in which 20k innocent, Polish intelligence members were executed . However, I couldn't find any names of the massacrers or any trials held for it, except for the fact that NVKD did it. Why wasn't there a proper investigation on perpetrators like we did for SS's war crimes? Why... | 0 | 0.47 | null | false | 1,685,630,782 | [
{
"body": "As a note we do know some of the executioners who carried out the Katyn Massacre. Notably was Vasily Blokhin, who was the chief executioner for the NKVD and carried out many of the executions of notable individuals during the Great Purge. According to Montefiore, Blokhin personally executed around 7,... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13wp156/were_epic_poems_recited_in_one_go_or_was_it_like/ | 13wp156 | 4 | t3_13wp156 | Were Epic Poems recited in one go, or was it like a serial performance? | Reading about some Greek dudes messing around with some walls and stealing people’s horses and wondering if Homer et al would’ve recited this type of thing in one go or if he would’ve given it in installments. It seems very long but I also know plays in Ancient Greece could have gone on for hours, but wasn’t clear if t... | 70 | 0.95 | null | false | 1,685,546,212 | [
{
"body": "The Homeric epics are too long to stage a sensible performance in one go, so there's a pretty strong presumption that while that may have happened on special occasions, it wasn't the norm.\n\nOne popular reckoning has it that a complete reading of the *Iliad* takes 25 hours, which sounds slow to me: ... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13wfcq0/should_i_use_pbuh_in_scholarly_works/ | 13wfcq0 | 30 | t3_13wfcq0 | Should I Use "(PBUH)" in Scholarly Works? | Hey guys,
I'm currently writing a paper on the Yezidi title of Mîr (Prince), and the history of the the phrase demands I talk about the Islamic Prophet Muhammad.
As this is intended to be published and (hopefully) read, in a predominantly Muslim region, should I as non-Muslim scholar use the "(PBUH)" following the nam... | 279 | 0.91 | null | false | 1,685,518,112 | [
{
"body": "As someone who works primarily in modern Islamic history I would say that there does not necessarily exist any unified convention. Id say the vast majority of scholars I read do not use any honorifics for Muhammad. Though you are of course significantly more likely to see a Muslim use it than a non-M... | 2 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13w5rqa/was_goliath_actually_the_underdog_in_the_biblical/ | 13w5rqa | 101 | t3_13w5rqa | Was Goliath actually the underdog in the biblical story? | So in his book, David and Goliath, Gladwell argues that contrary to popular perception, Goliath is the underdog in that encounter, rather than David.
I encountered this argument recently and it seemed quite silly to me, so I got my hands on a copy of his book to hear it straight from the horse's mouth, and I remain ex... | 846 | 0.89 | null | false | 1,685,489,581 | [
{
"body": "u/knanahar has an [answer](https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/o8oqer/-/h3hyzx0) about this that might help",
"created_utc": 1685523231,
"distinguished": null,
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"permalink": "/r/AskHistorians/comments/13w5rqa/was_goliath_actually_the_underdog_in_the_biblica... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13wwol1/portugal_rounded_the_cape_of_good_hope_and/ | 13wwol1 | 4 | t3_13wwol1 | Portugal rounded the Cape of Good Hope and established an incredibly profitable spice trade in the Indian Ocean. What did that look like, in practice? Were they conquering islands as supply depots? Was the whole enterprise a giant money sink until they managed to actually reach India? | 13 | 0.94 | null | false | 1,685,564,014 | [
{
"body": "Sorry for late arriving, and I'll start with a clarification questions: what are you exactly asking about? The Portuguese state / trade in India, or for the way there? (The islands as supply depots bit is puzzling me a bit)\n\nI have some answers relating to the topics you might want to look at and a... | 1 | |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13wt9gf/how_much_did_civil_honors_and_awards_in_the_ussr/ | 13wt9gf | 2 | t3_13wt9gf | How much did civil honors and awards in the USSR impact the lives of the people awarded them? | I was looking at the extensive list of civil honors and awards the [USSR](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_the_Soviet_Union) had, and I was wondering: How were these these awards seen by the Soviet people? Did being awarded the "Hero of Soviet Labour" come with extra perks or respect fro... | 20 | 0.9 | null | false | 1,685,555,953 | [
{
"body": "The varying titles and awards were significant and came with material benefits. Titles like “People’s Artist” and “Hero of Socialist Labor” would be highly publicized awards given to recognized figures in their field. There were different levels to these awards, with differing benefits, but generally... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13xd0u4/what_are_the_earliest_records_of_the_existence_of/ | 13xd0u4 | 4 | t3_13xd0u4 | What are the earliest records of the existence of the Greek village Zagora? | 1 | 0.67 | null | false | 1,685,612,011 | [
{
"body": "Are you talking about the ancient Geometric-era settlement on the island of Andros? The oldest confirmed occupation of the area was the early Iron Age settlement. It flourished in the 9th and 8th centuries BCE but was abandoned by 700 for unknown reason. It is possible the inhabitants were displaced ... | 1 | |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13wt6e0/can_you_hep_me_decipher_these_us_navy_radio_comms/ | 13wt6e0 | 6 | t3_13wt6e0 | Can you hep me decipher these US Navy radio comms from WWII? | 15 | 0.86 | null | false | 1,685,555,735 | [
{
"body": "A co-worker found these papers tucked inside an old book about WWII, outside of a senior care center. Seems to have belonged to a veteran who unfortunately passed away.\n\nWe deduced that these communications were sent in June 1944, and likely concern the Marianas invasion and the sea battle of the E... | 1 | |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13x258s/do_assassin_military_units_exist_will_appreciate/ | 13x258s | 3 | t3_13x258s | Do assassin military units exist? Will appreciate any information about their documentation, standard operating procedures, and general features from any conflict. | I am reading up on day-to-day military conflicts in the Philippines during the second World War. I just wondered if there basically exists special forces that are geared towards eliminating high-ranking enemy officers during the heat of the battle. Ones that are trained to familiarize themselves with the possible faces... | 4 | 0.7 | null | false | 1,685,576,738 | [
{
"body": "Well the answer would be a nearly simultaneus Yes and No. Because military units dedicated to the assasination of high ranking officers dont really exist but there are tons wich have the capabilities to do so. There have been a few exceptions here and there but well'talk about them later. First i wil... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13wre61/were_there_any_north_african_legends_and_myths/ | 13wre61 | 7 | t3_13wre61 | Were there any North African legends and myths about sub-Saharan lands during ancient and medieval periods? | There were legends and myths about places/lands beyond the Atlantic ocean during ancient and medieval periods such as Atlantis, when it was nearly impossible, unimaginable and frightening for Europeans to cross the vast ocean. I am not sure if it was equally difficult for North Africans to venture to lands beyond the v... | 19 | 0.88 | null | false | 1,685,551,560 | [
{
"body": " Kind of? The comparison between the Atlantic and the Sahara is mostly inaccurate because the Sahara was not nearly as difficult to cross (nor did it evoke much fear) on behalf of North Africans. Unlike the Atlantic; North Africans and their counterparts to the South were regularly in contact via tra... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13wjy2y/were_womens_rights_in_imperial_china_worse/ | 13wjy2y | 9 | t3_13wjy2y | Were Women's Rights in Imperial China worse compared to Europe in the Middle Ages? | I know Middle Age is a very large time span, so I will try to be more specific:
I took an interest in Chinese history recently and started reading a lot, mostly on this Subreddit and Wikipedia. While Woman’s Right surely weren’t that great in Europe compared to our modern-day standard, I could not help to get the impr... | 38 | 0.86 | null | false | 1,685,533,592 | [
{
"body": "I must say that I know little to nothing about women's rights in Middle Ages Europe, other than that it's more complex than what is depicted in popular media. What I do know is Chinese history and early Chinese history especially, with an emphasis on women's role and place in society. I would hope so... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13x0xk3/ma_program_suggestions/ | 13x0xk3 | 6 | t3_13x0xk3 | M.A. program suggestions? | Hi everyone! I am currently a rising senior at William and Mary studying history. I plan on getting my masters, then (hopefully) my PhD. I have attempted to find a respectable masters program in history for the past few months, but only came back with Oxford (England), William and Mary, and NYU. If you know any M.A. pr... | 4 | 0.67 | null | false | 1,685,573,767 | [
{
"body": "First off congratulations on your studies and all the best for your applications! \n\nI cannot speak to Northern Hemisphere universities, the university I got my M.A. from was #739 on the uni rankings last seen so I can't speak to Oxford either.\n\nHowever, you might want to reconsider your approach ... | 3 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13w33bl/my_asian_step_son_says_he_cant_work_at_the/ | 13w33bl | 70 | t3_13w33bl | My Asian step son says he can't work at the Renaissance festival, because there were no Koreans in Europe at the time. Is he right? | 507 | 0.9 | null | false | 1,685,483,049 | [
{
"body": "This depends on what time 'Renaissance' refers to. By the late 1500s/early 1600 (maybe a bit latter than the Henry VIII time most frequently portrayed in Ren Faires) there were people from East Asia in Europe. For example, Japan sent ambassadors to Spain (because they traveled via the Philippines/Mex... | 2 | |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13wrk72/what_do_you_do_for_work/ | 13wrk72 | 13 | t3_13wrk72 | What do you do for work? | I'm an undergrad history student and I have gotten a bit discouraged by the career fairs/events given by my department. For the most part, the examples they give us for successful history majors are normally all corporate, finance, marketing, etc. types of people.
I think their goal is just to get us jobs in general, ... | 14 | 1 | null | false | 1,685,551,936 | [
{
"body": "Hey there. I am a Land Surveyor. I studied History in college (undergrad) but discovered too late in my courses that I did not want to be a school teacher or continue with a Masters or PhD to switch majors. \n \nFor me, Land Surveying has a tremendous amount of “history” involved. Every time I start... | 3 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13xdlzd/what_are_palestinians/ | 13xdlzd | 5 | t3_13xdlzd | What Are Palestinians? | I was just thinking about how they developed a seperate identity to the other Arabs, someone I had asked recently said they're Jewish converts to Islam who assimilated into Arab society, is this true? It would make sense but I thought the Jews were expelled from the region because of the Romans? | 0 | 0.44 | null | false | 1,685,614,100 | [
{
"body": "Ok, so the first thing to note is that one does not have Palestinian Arabs and then a mass of \"Arabs\". The Arab world is incredibly diverse, and one finds regional identities separate from the umbrella term \"Arab\". One would not mistake Lebanese, Egyptian, or Maghrebi (or even the individual coun... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13wbohv/why_are_native_american_languages_so_diverse/ | 13wbohv | 6 | t3_13wbohv | Why are Native American languages so diverse? | Our earliest evidence of human migration into the Americas, the white sands footprints, seems to be from around 20,000 BC. Our oldest known language family is Afro-asiatic which is somewhere between 10-20k years old. This is a similar age, yet the Americas have dozens of different languages and language families that a... | 122 | 0.92 | null | false | 1,685,505,725 | [
{
"body": "I'm not an expert in languages but I can provide some insight because some assumptions you make in the question are wrong. There is one very obvious correction and a couple very subtle corrections. \n\nFirst the obvious. From genetic analysis of modern people, we know the indigenous population of th... | 2 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13wkt37/were_people_able_to_read_their_native_language_in/ | 13wkt37 | 4 | t3_13wkt37 | Were people able to read their native language in medieval times? | A teacher of mine recently said something very interesting, namely that contrary to popular belief, almost all people were able to read, they just couldn't read Latin.
Is that true? It seems strange to think that people would be able to read their native languages in medieval times, as books were rare and peasants woul... | 26 | 0.82 | null | false | 1,685,535,854 | [
{
"body": "While more can always be said, [this answer](https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1exdna/what_level_of_literacy_was_there_in_europe_during/) by u/Whoosier from ten years ago seems to stand up to the scrutiny of today's subreddit rules.",
"created_utc": 1685555818,
"distinguished": ... | 2 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13wzzvm/why_have_the_french_had_to_protest_so_much/ | 13wzzvm | 3 | t3_13wzzvm | Why have the French had to protest so much compared to other countries in history? | 4 | 0.7 | null | false | 1,685,571,544 | [
{
"body": "Additional responses are always welcome, but while you're waiting, have a look at the answers by u/citoyenne and u/Lord_JohnMarbury in [this thread](https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/gwd85b/why_are_the_french_so_good_at_protesting/) if you're looking for a history of French protests.",
... | 1 | |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13vz5hl/did_genghis_kahn_eat_cabbage/ | 13vz5hl | 74 | t3_13vz5hl | Did Genghis Kahn eat cabbage? | My coworker and I are locked in a debate over the likelihood that Genghis Khan consumed cabbage. From our research, we know that cabbage was domesticated about a century before his reign, so it was possible. How probable is it that he and his army ate cabbage?
edit: a word | 596 | 0.94 | null | false | 1,685,473,874 | [
{
"body": "If you're asking whether they would've eaten it on a regular basis, probably not: see [this answer](https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/125is08/comment/je58ov8/) by u/cmc41727 and [another](https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/e9uk1i/comment/fan74aw/) by u/cthulhushrugged, disc... | 3 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13wz51n/did_stalin_propose_banning_nuclear_weapons_in_1949/ | 13wz51n | 2 | t3_13wz51n | Did Stalin propose banning nuclear weapons in 1949? | I saw [this cartoon](https://www.reddit.com/r/PropagandaPosters/comments/13wp1a9/a_short_history_of_peace_petitions_political/) on r/PropagandaPosters and would be interested in some context. | 2 | 0.6 | null | false | 1,685,569,593 | [
{
"body": "The first resolution them that the United Nations adopted at its very first session in early 1946 was to create a United Nations Atomic Energy Commission to: \n\n> make specific proposals: (a) for extending between all nations the exchange of basic scientific information for peaceful ends; (b) for co... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13wfcuc/in_the_peaky_blinders_series_thomas_shelby_is/ | 13wfcuc | 9 | t3_13wfcuc | In the Peaky Blinders series, Thomas Shelby is nearly executed by members of the Ulster Volunteer Force. However, the UVF has only been founded in 1965, while the said events happened in 1920. Is the show version of the UVF based on any historical loyalist organization? | 58 | 0.86 | null | false | 1,685,518,125 | [
{
"body": "You're not entirely correct in your premise of the UVF being founded in 1965: the modern paramilitary/drug gang going by that name was, but the UVF originally described a completely separate paramilitary organisation founded to resist the implementation of [Home Rule in Ireland ](https://en.wikipedia... | 1 | |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13wxp4w/is_the_situation_for_academia_any_better/ | 13wxp4w | 2 | t3_13wxp4w | Is the situation for academia any better internationally? | The basic run down is that I'm considering going for a Ph.D, and I know the general advice is don't do it. However, I genuinely can't think of other career paths which really call my interest besides jobs in history, which I figure a Ph.D could help. I'm not entirely set on academia, but that is obviously an option I'd... | 5 | 0.78 | null | false | 1,685,566,360 | [
{
"body": "While European universities may be interested in recruiting an american doctor, it would be in the same conditions as a European one : quality of research (publications), insertion in research networks, capacity to teach. What others languages do you speak ? In the Humanities, all-English superior ed... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13wzm60/norway_in_canada/ | 13wzm60 | 6 | t3_13wzm60 | Norway in Canada? | On a few maps I've seen, mainly Wikipedia's, it shows islands such as Ellesmere as being part of Norway? Is this Wikipedia being idiotic, or is this true? I couldn't find anything about it.
[https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/58/Flag\_Map\_of\_The\_World\_%281914%29.png](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wik... | 3 | 0.71 | null | false | 1,685,570,685 | [
{
"body": "That map probably overstates the extent of the claims Norway made. Those claims come the expedition of Otto Sverdrup from 1898 - 1902. He and his crew charted several new islands west of Ellesmere Island and claimed them for Norway.\n\nYou can read more here:\nhttps://frammuseum.no/polar-history/expe... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13wshrf/did_roman_soldiers_wear_a_red_plume_what_did/ | 13wshrf | 11 | t3_13wshrf | Did Roman Soldiers wear a red plume? What did their armor really look like? | I often see iterations of Roman soldiers wearing red plumes like the Spartans, but did they actually wear them? I've always thought that it was a mix-up between ancient Rome and Greece. I've also seen them wearing skirts that look similar to that of their Greek inspiration. Thanks in advance. | 7 | 0.89 | null | false | 1,685,554,088 | [
{
"body": "First of, a point of order, Roman soldiers did not wear skirts. They, like the Greeks and pretty much everybody else (who wasn't a trouser-wearing barbarian like the Gauls^* ) wore tunics. Tunics were short-sleeved garments that came to mid-thigh, not skirts. More like a short dress. Or a really long... | 2 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13wr2ie/during_the_beach_landings_of_normandy_why_were/ | 13wr2ie | 2 | t3_13wr2ie | During the beach landings of Normandy; why were the beaches not bombarded with smoke artillery? | Okay this is gonna sound dumb but every adaptation and footage I see of D-day; it’s just clear beaches and soldiers pushing up the beach. I play hell let loose and the clear strategy to get off the beach is always to just smoke it out.
Germans have a clear overlook of the beach.
Correct me if I’m wrong here, but why... | 7 | 0.89 | null | false | 1,685,550,825 | [
{
"body": "Smoke directly on the beaches during landings could be as much of a hindrance as a help. On Omaha beach smoke and dust from naval bombardment and resultant fires caused navigational difficulties for the landing craft, compounded by a strong current, and many landed east of their planned area. This in... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13wtqnf/during_the_american_civil_war_how_aware_were_the/ | 13wtqnf | 2 | t3_13wtqnf | During the American Civil War, how aware were the United States and the states in rebellion about what was going on on the other side, and how did they get that information? | I've always loved Civil War history and of course one of the most common threads you hear about Lee and the Confederate military strategy in general is that the goal was merely to keep fighting until the North no longer had the will to fight, and later Lee of course tried to induce this effect directly by invading the ... | 5 | 0.86 | null | false | 1,685,557,094 | [
{
"body": "*\"I hate newspapermen. They come into camp and pick up their camp rumors and print them as facts. I regard them as spies, which, in truth, they are. If I had my choice, I would kill every reporter in the world, but I am sure we would be getting reports from Hell before breakfast.\"* \\- Attributed t... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13wlhjv/is_the_western_perception_of_the_byzantine/ | 13wlhjv | 4 | t3_13wlhjv | Is the western perception of The Byzantine identity shifting towards seeing them as Romans? | I often notice that here on reddit when the Byzantine/Medieval RomanEmpire is brought up there is often a fierce discussion about theidentity of the Empire. Are they Romans, or are they not. Myquestion is *not* about why the Byzantines are called "Byzantines" by western historians, as I already know why, and how this w... | 13 | 0.77 | null | false | 1,685,537,609 | [
{
"body": "The answer is yes, there is a shift towards seeing the Byzantines as Romans, and it is a very recent development. The fact that the Byzantines spoke Greek, followed Eastern Greek Orthodoxy, and were geographically \"east\" presented enough of a case for their Roman ethnicity to be denied and called G... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13xc1vr/why_us_dropped_nuclear_bomb_on_a_civilian_town/ | 13xc1vr | 6 | t3_13xc1vr | Why US dropped nuclear bomb on a civilian town (Hiroshima) instead of residence of the Japanese emperor? | Residence of emperor or military generals or a big military base | 0 | 0.4 | null | false | 1,685,608,371 | [
{
"body": "Hi there, while there's always more to be said, [this section of our FAQ](https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/wiki/faq/militaryhistory/wwii/usa#wiki_atomic_bomb_targeting) may be of some interest to you. To summarize a few bullet points: \n\n* There was a desire on the part of US planners to test ... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13vw2de/why_did_vermont_have_a_massive_merino_sheep_boom/ | 13vw2de | 21 | t3_13vw2de | Why did Vermont have a massive Merino Sheep boom and bust in the 19th century (A peak of 70% of the land was devoted to sheep). What market forces were at play? | 454 | 0.97 | null | false | 1,685,466,806 | [
{
"body": "Finally question that I'm actually perfectly situated to answer. The first family to import Marino sheep to the United States were the Robinsons who owned the Rokeby Farm, which is now the Vermont underground railroad museum. The Robinson's bought the farm around 1800 and were active in the abolition... | 1 | |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13w0ib9/why_do_so_many_us_elementary_schools_teach/ | 13w0ib9 | 6 | t3_13w0ib9 | Why do so many US elementary schools teach southeast Asian stick dancing in PE class? | Yesterday there was [a post](https://www.reddit.com/r/oddlysatisfying/comments/13v6rif/traditional_dance_in_malaysia/) on /r/oddlysatisfying showing a beautiful traditional Malaysian dance involving stepping in and out of rhythmically tapping sticks.
In the comments, a lot of Americans from different states said that... | 207 | 0.9 | null | false | 1,685,476,997 | [
{
"body": "> But why? Why do so many schools....\n\nI completely appreciate the bewilderment of this question in your text and totally get where you're coming from! There are so many things that American schools do feel both arbitrary and deeply rooted in the traditions of how we do school. Alas, the answer in ... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13wmybn/how_did_portugal_maintain_independence/ | 13wmybn | 2 | t3_13wmybn | How did Portugal maintain independence? | You'd think that being significantly smaller than and entirely surrounded by your neighbor would mean youd long since be swallowed up, so why wasnt Portugal? Especially considering Spain's tendencies | 7 | 0.89 | null | false | 1,685,541,225 | [
{
"body": "Hello! Your question is a tricky one to answer. In History it's easier to try explain why things happened than to why they didn't. However, since I'm a Portuguese medievalist, I can give you some pointers on what arguably might have contributed to Portugal's resistance to foreign - namely Spanish - c... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13wj5u8/what_were_the_original_plans_for_the_two_atomic/ | 13wj5u8 | 4 | t3_13wj5u8 | What were the original plans for the two atomic bombs had the war in Europe dragged on into the summer? Was one bomb destined for the European theatre and the other for the Pacific theatre, both for Germany, both for Japan, etc? | 12 | 0.8 | null | false | 1,685,531,355 | [
{
"body": "The US never had any active plans for using the bomb in Europe. Once they got to the point of operational planning (e.g., starting in late 1944), all of their attention was on Japan. They just never seriously contemplated it. It is one of the interesting aspects of the Manhattan Project that it was s... | 1 | |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13w4xdq/why_were_the_dayton_accords_signed_in_dayton_what/ | 13w4xdq | 10 | t3_13w4xdq | Why were the Dayton Accords signed in Dayton? What made Dayton, Ohio, the choice to negotiate the Bosnian War? | No offense to the people of Dayton, but as an Ohioan I'm confused by the choice to do it there. | 79 | 0.93 | null | false | 1,685,487,519 | [
{
"body": "I've answered the question before [here](https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/lyy2ck/why_were_the_1995_dayton_peace_accords_for_the/gq218w6/). I'll reproduce to save you a click.\n\n...\n\n>In any case, Dayton itself. I apologize to you for our decision to close down in terms of media acce... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13wr8gr/circle_canals_in_miami/ | 13wr8gr | 2 | t3_13wr8gr | Circle canals in Miami? | I was looking at an old map of Miami from 1920s. There are circle canals at the western edge. In a history of Westchester there was a mention that the land flooded annually until the canals were built and the land was usable by the 1920s.
I know Flagler started a company that “built” the intercostal and was given a l... | 3 | 0.8 | null | false | 1,685,551,202 | [
{
"body": "https://preview.redd.it/4fgc82byl83b1.jpeg?width=1170&format=pjpg&auto=webp&v=enabled&s=30299b6db71e64ca1279834a82502b253006ac5e\n\nThese are the canals the post is about! They disappear by the 50s and don’t seem to be part of the Florida official canal system.",
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"d... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13wq3ec/how_did_the_soldiers_manage_with_sunburn_on_the/ | 13wq3ec | 2 | t3_13wq3ec | How did the soldiers manage with sunburn on the crusades? | I know 10's of thousands of soldiers from all over Christian Europe travelled to Jerusalem to fight in the crusades but how did many of them manage with the heat and sun. Basically wondering about how they dealth with getting sunburns. We're there any remedies back then or was it a matter of your body getting used to ... | 4 | 1 | null | false | 1,685,548,641 | [
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"body": "Hoping to hear if there is any form of sunscreen they used from the year 1096?",
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https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13wih7x/before_the_invention_of_the_copy_machine_and_much/ | 13wih7x | 3 | t3_13wih7x | Before the invention of the copy machine and much later digital copies, how did students at universities in the 19th and early 20th century accquire required reading literature? | Today there was a post in a university subreddit complaining about the hypocrisy of a prof criticizing his students for not reading the required literature he gave, while there are only 5 copies available in the universities library for a course of 50+ students.
That got me thinking how in my personal experience prof... | 6 | 0.71 | null | false | 1,685,529,252 | [
{
"body": "More can always be said, but [this question](https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/12ciy49/how_did_professors_assign_readings_before/) got a lot of activity from many different people.",
"created_utc": 1685563553,
"distinguished": null,
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"permalink": "/r/AskH... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13x288i/why_were_the_homeric_epics_so_influential_they/ | 13x288i | 2 | t3_13x288i | Why were the homeric epics so influential? They are good, but not that good | I've read both the Iliad and the Odyssey, and they are good, they are very good. My favorite passage is when Andromache tries to convince Hector not to fight, and Hectors hold his baby, but the baby cries because the helmet frightens him. So tragic, so beautiful, very nice
But I don't understand how could these books ... | 1 | 0.51 | null | false | 1,685,576,951 | [
{
"body": "Earlier today, someone on a book sub posted the books they read in May in a pile all together. They were mostly classics and among them was the Odyssey, which they gave a rating of 7/10 stars. This poster did nothing wrong and is not mistaken in how much they enjoyed the work; their level of enjoymen... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13wqiyn/was_the_1967_sixday_war_a_preemptive_war_fought/ | 13wqiyn | 3 | t3_13wqiyn | Was the 1967 Six-Day War a preemptive war fought by Israel in response to provocations by Egypt and Syria, or was it an unprovoked act of Israeli aggression? | It seems like this is a highly contentious issue among historians and political scientists. I’ve seen some experts say that it was a preemptive war, others that it was pure expansionism and aggression on Israel’s part, and everything in between. I’d really appreciate it if you guys could help clear up some of the confu... | 3 | 0.64 | null | false | 1,685,549,597 | [
{
"body": "As is so often the case with polarizing topics, the answer is complex because the facts don't completely fit either side's simplistic narrative. \n\nIsrael perceived its actions as preemptive, or at the very least, a justified response to Egyptian provocations. However, it seems that Egypt's leaders,... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13wv1lu/can_anyone_help_me_find_an_old_german_war_book/ | 13wv1lu | 2 | t3_13wv1lu | Can anyone help me find an old German war book? | Hey Everyone, I'm trying to find a book called “Germany At War”. It was written around the beginning of the 20th century.
I do not know any other details or really any specifics and I am unable to find anything about it. According to the internet it doesn't exists, but I've learnt about in one of my classes, so I know ... | 1 | 0.66 | null | false | 1,685,560,202 | [
{
"body": "Two possibilities for you:\n\n[Deutschland im Kampf. by A. J. Berndt](https://worldcat.org/title/220895477), \\[English translation: Germany at War\\] published in Berlin in 1939\n\n[Germany at war : 20 key questions and answers](https://worldcat.org/title/1150480483), by Joseph C. Harsch, published ... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13wowhq/what_are_some_insightful_books_regarding_the/ | 13wowhq | 2 | t3_13wowhq | What are some insightful books regarding the evolution of warships and naval design in the 19th century? | 2 | 1 | null | false | 1,685,545,906 | [
{
"body": "This is mostly going to focus more on the latter half of the century, as this was when naval design went through the largest changes. From ~1860 onwards, the increased availability of quality iron (and later steel), efficient steam engines and new armaments technologies like breech-loading rifled gun... | 1 | |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13wc4in/how_long_after_the_american_declaration_of/ | 13wc4in | 2 | t3_13wc4in | How long after the American Declaration of Independence did the UK and USA establish normal diplomatic relations? | After the revolutionary war, how long did it take before the UK and the USA establish diplomatic relations and regular trade? Who reached out first? What were the reactions among regular folks? | 13 | 0.8 | null | false | 1,685,507,056 | [
{
"body": "Britain had been the main trading partner for the Thirteen Colonies before the War, and that war left the US deeply in debt. So US merchants were very eager to get back to business immediately after the Treaty of Paris in 1783. And diplomatic relations were established quite soon: John Adams was se... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13x0sus/just_how_crazy_was_the_atomic_bomb/ | 13x0sus | 2 | t3_13x0sus | Just how crazy was the atomic bomb? | Obviously the world hadn't ever seen anything like it before, but on top of that almost no one knew that the United States was even developing that kind of weapon. How shocked were people when the first one dropped? How much more advanced was that bomb compared to previous weapons? Was it just inconceivable to people o... | 0 | 0.36 | null | false | 1,685,573,454 | [
{
"body": "You might find [this answer](https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/i6yc8f/how_did_the_average_joe_come_to_grasp_what_an/) useful. The short answer is the scientific idea of atomic energy and the idea of hypothetical atomic bombs had been around for over 30 years, and was basically a pretty ... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13vu4fb/were_water_towers_collapsing_and_flooding_streets/ | 13vu4fb | 6 | t3_13vu4fb | Were water towers collapsing and flooding streets actually a thing in the wild west? | So there's a Western movie and TV trope where someone, on purpose or otherwise, is responsible for collapsing a large wooden water tower that happens to be placed right next to the main street in an old wild west town, and the collapse causes the tower to break, flooding the streets with water and washing the bad guys... | 97 | 0.96 | null | false | 1,685,462,341 | [
{
"body": "Water towers themselves are iconic examples of the American West, and of the Western genre, but the way they're depicted in modern film is extremely anachronistic. If you're talking about \"the old west\" then by far the most frequent place you would see water towers would be at railroad stations, ... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13wg5me/all_quiet_on_the_western_front_2022_did_fighting/ | 13wg5me | 2 | t3_13wg5me | All Quiet On The Western Front (2022): Did fighting just stop abruptly after the armistice? (WW I) | In the last battle in "All Quiet On The Western Front (2022)", both sides just stopped fighting at 11am when the armistice took effect.
I can't comprehend this, as in, in one moment, they were murdering each other, and at exactly 11am, they would just forget about how their brothers-in-arms just got killed by the enem... | 4 | 0.75 | null | false | 1,685,521,059 | [
{
"body": "More can always be said, but [this older answer](https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/bgdnpk/henry_gunther_was_supposedly_the_last_man_killed/elkj41f/) might be of interest for you.",
"created_utc": 1685576724,
"distinguished": null,
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"permalink": "/r/AskHis... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13vvdaw/why_didnt_any_muslim_power_in_control_of_egypt/ | 13vvdaw | 13 | t3_13vvdaw | Why Didn’t any Muslim power in control of Egypt attempt to convert the Pyramid of Giza into a Mosque? | 70 | 0.72 | null | false | 1,685,465,220 | [
{
"body": "I guess maybe the question to ask back would be: why *would* a Muslim ruler of Egypt want to turn the Great Pyramid of Giza into a mosque? It's an ancient structure and quite the sight, to be sure, but it was always first and foremost a tomb, not a temple: the religious structures that were there wer... | 3 | |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13vpisc/what_type_of_domestic_servants_would_a_single/ | 13vpisc | 23 | t3_13vpisc | What type of domestic servants would a single middle class man employ? Late 19th-early 20th century | I’ve been rewatching All creatures great and small, which is set in the 1930s in Yorkshire, in the show they have a live-in housekeeper Mrs. Hall (who, as I recall, doesn’t exist in the books).
Obviously Mrs. Hall is fictional, but it made me wonder whether a single or widowed man living on his own actually would hav... | 116 | 0.98 | null | false | 1,685,451,252 | [
{
"body": "Let me begin by saying that most middle class bachelors did not own their own home. \n\nIf he had his own house (and odds are, it was probably a cottage), he might have a single cook/housekeeper, who handled the domestic chores, would send his laundry out to be cleaned and pressed, and *resided off-s... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13wag21/how_did_the_mongol_empire_expand_into_parts_of/ | 13wag21 | 5 | t3_13wag21 | How did the Mongol empire expand into parts of the Arctic? | So, I’m interested in learning about the mongol empire.I have been doing some reading and one source which happens to be Wikipedia states that between the 13th and 14th century the Mongol empire extended from the Sea of Japan to parts of what is now Eastern Europe along with extending into parts of the Arctic, but I’m ... | 7 | 0.72 | null | false | 1,685,502,106 | [
{
"body": "Yes, the Mongols were certainly interested in the arctic animal product and their control on such products. \n\nWhile more can always be said on the topic, I hope these previous answers offers some ideas on the fur trade from the arctic Eurasia both in the West and in the East, with focus on the rol... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13wgtmd/in_both_the_films_platoon_and_forrest_gump_us/ | 13wgtmd | 5 | t3_13wgtmd | In both the films Platoon and Forrest Gump, U.S. squad commanders call in ordinance on their own position after being overrun by the enemy. Has this actually happened in American military history? | If not, why would two films, both featuring and about the Vietnam War, but with drastically different tones, add such a similar plot event? | 3 | 0.71 | null | false | 1,685,523,545 | [
{
"body": "In the first major battle between U.S. Army and the the People's Army of Vietnam, the Battle of Ia Drang (Nov. 14-18, 1965), the American commander ordered a call of “Broken Arrow,” meaning that his position had been overrun and all available air power should be aimed at that position — killing both ... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13we4j3/did_both_the_holy_roman_empire_and_the_byzantine/ | 13we4j3 | 2 | t3_13we4j3 | Did both the Holy Roman Empire and the Byzantine refer to themselves as the Roman Empire? | Did they have different names for each empire?
Did other empires/states refer to them both as the Roman Empire? | 3 | 0.8 | null | false | 1,685,513,566 | [
{
"body": "As for the second part of the question, yes, the elite of the Byzantine Empire did regard themselves Roman. They called themselves Rhōmaîoi - Romans. Although the last emperor who spoke Latin as his first language was Justinian and he ruled and died in the 6th century, they (correctly) saw their stat... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13vocjn/tuesday_trivia_architecture_this_thread_has/ | 13vocjn | 8 | t3_13vocjn | Tuesday Trivia: Architecture! This thread has relaxed standards—we invite everyone to participate! | Welcome to Tuesday Trivia!
If you are:
* a long-time reader, lurker, or inquirer who has always felt too nervous to contribute an answer
* new to /r/AskHistorians and getting a feel for the community
* Looking for feedback on how well you answer
* polishing up a flair application
* one of our amazing flairs
**this t... | 76 | 0.94 | null | false | 1,685,448,089 | [
{
"body": "At the Palace of Versailles I noticed some of the entryways had SPQR engraved. Anyone know where they came from, or what the backstory is?",
"created_utc": 1685467641,
"distinguished": null,
"id": "jm86ruw",
"permalink": "/r/AskHistorians/comments/13vocjn/tuesday_trivia_architecture_t... | 3 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13v81qa/how_did_silent_film_makers_deal_with_illiteracy/ | 13v81qa | 46 | t3_13v81qa | How did Silent Film makers deal with Illiteracy? | During the period in which silent films flourished, worldwide literacy rates were still rather low by modern standards. Silent Films, of course, have intertitles which show dialog, explain the plot, etc.
Did silent film makers have to deal with issues regarding illiteracy in the filmgoing public? Were there any speci... | 968 | 0.94 | null | false | 1,685,397,922 | [
{
"body": "Here’s a question I may actually be able to answer. A lot of this answer is drawn from my college film studies which is now coming up on a decade ago, so apologies if any of my info is out of date. I think your question may be based on a faulty assumption, namely that silent film was primarily a narr... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13wfi6f/are_there_any_youtube_channels_youd_recommend_for/ | 13wfi6f | 3 | t3_13wfi6f | Are there any YouTube channels you’d recommend for learning about European Medieval History and European/American History during the early Modern Period? | Hi, l apologize if my question is too broad, I am interested in learning about any European country and any place in North America from the early Middle Ages to the early modern era (pre-industrial revolution).
I’ve found a couple of interesting YouTube channels so far, one that recreates a lot of medieval weapons (S... | 2 | 0.67 | null | false | 1,685,518,675 | [
{
"body": "We have had several threads before noting common problems with doing history on Youtube: [this](https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/mh0une/what_are_some_good_history_youtube_channels_i/) by u/MySkinsRedditAcct and others, and [this](https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/uh2qxs/w... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13wf6lz/did_albert_speer_actually_boost_late_ww2/ | 13wf6lz | 2 | t3_13wf6lz | Did Albert Speer actually boost late WW2 production or just juice the stats? | Someone on Twitter made a throw away comment that the production numbers went up but not the actual production
Which given Hitlers factionalism biased political environment almost sounds credible? | 2 | 1 | null | false | 1,685,517,464 | [
{
"body": "So there are a few different things we have to unpack here.\n\n* Did armaments production increase under Speer?\n* Was that his doing?\n* Did he exaggerate increases in armaments production?\n* Did he do that for reasons related to factionalism?\n\nLet's go over these questions briefly and then, if y... | 1 |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13wmx55/how_did_the_apostrophe_get_to_mean_both_plural/ | 13wmx55 | 11 | t3_13wmx55 | How did the apostrophe " ' " get to mean both plural and ownership in the English language? Was it influenced by different languages' rules syntax. | 0 | 0.44 | null | false | 1,685,541,141 | [
{
"body": "First of all, the apostrophe doesn't mean plural. It can be used as a contraction to substitute for a missing letter, but \"it's the teacher's\" can only mean \"it belongs to the teacher\" not \"it is many teachers.\"\n\nAs to WHY the apostrophe can mean either a possessive or a contraction, that ha... | 1 | |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13wh591/introduction_of_european_diseases_infamously/ | 13wh591 | 2 | t3_13wh591 | Introduction of European diseases infamously contributed to the decline of native Americans in North and South America; did American diseases from natives affect colonisers in the same way? | 0 | 0.5 | null | false | 1,685,524,661 | [
{
"body": "This question appears very frequently on the sub. I would suggest you have a look at the appropriate section of the FAQ. \n\n[https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/wiki/nativeamerican/#wiki\\_impact\\_of\\_indigenous\\_diseases\\_on\\_the\\_europeans](https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/wiki/nati... | 1 | |
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13w1vvj/who_were_the_soldiers_that_fought_beneath_pikes/ | 13w1vvj | 5 | t3_13w1vvj | Who were the soldiers that fought beneath pikes? | I have a vague memory of this being a thing done by Spanish \*tercios\*, but a brief search isn't coming up with anything.
Was that a thing? Was it effective? Did Hellenistic phalanxes have anything similar? | 9 | 0.75 | null | false | 1,685,480,232 | [
{
"body": "More can always be said, but [this older answer](https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/xxmcbc/how_did_pikeman_v_pikeman_combat_work_in_the_era/irfqgky/) might be of interest for you, courtesy of /u/partymoses .",
"created_utc": 1685487918,
"distinguished": null,
"id": "jm9mabb",... | 1 |
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