Conference stringclasses 6 values | Year int64 1.99k 2.03k | Title stringlengths 8 187 | DOI stringlengths 16 32 | Abstract stringlengths 128 7.15k ⌀ | Accessible bool 2 classes | Early bool 2 classes | AuthorNames-Deduped listlengths 1 24 | Award listlengths 0 2 | Resources listlengths 0 5 | ResourceLinks listlengths 0 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
EuroVis | 2,009 | Visualization Techniques for Schedule Comparison | 10.1111/j.1467-8659.2009.01441.x | Project schedules are effectively represented by Gantt charts, but comparing multiple versions of a schedule is difficult. To compare versions with current methods, users must search and navigate through multiple large documents, making it difficult to identify differences. We present two novel visualization techniques to support the comparison of Gantt charts. First, we encode two Gantt charts in one view by overlapping them to show differences. Second, we designed an interactive visual technique, the ‘TbarView’, that allows users to compare multiple schedules within one single view. We evaluated the overlap and TbarView techniques via a user study. The study results showed that our design provided a quick overview of the variances among two or more schedules, and the techniques also improved efficiency by minimizing view switching. Our visual techniques for schedule comparison could be combined with other resource analysis tools to help project teams identify and resolve errors and problems in project schedules. | false | false | [
"Dandan Huang",
"Melanie Tory",
"Sheryl Staub-French",
"Rachel Pottinger"
] | [] | [] | [] |
EuroVis | 2,009 | Visualizing the Evolution of Compound Digraphs with TimeArcTrees | 10.1111/j.1467-8659.2009.01451.x | Compound digraphs are a widely used model in computer science. In many application domains these models evolve over time. Only few approaches to visualize such dynamic compound digraphs exist and mostly use animation to show the dynamics. In this paper we present a new visualization tool called TimeArcTrees that visualizes weighted, dynamic compound digraphs by drawing a sequence of node‐link diagrams in a single view. Compactness is achieved by aligning the nodes of a graph vertically. Edge crossings are reduced by drawing upward and downward edges separately as colored arcs. Horizontal alignment of the instances of the same node in different graphs facilitates comparison of the graphs in the sequence. Many interaction techniques allow to explore the given graphs. Smooth animation supports the user to better track the transitions between views and to preserve his or her mental map. We illustrate the usefulness of the tool by looking at the particular problem of how shortest paths evolve over time. To this end, we applied the system to an evolving graph representing the German Autobahn and its traffic jams. | false | false | [
"Martin Greilich",
"Michael Burch",
"Stephan Diehl 0001"
] | [] | [] | [] |
EuroVis | 2,009 | Volume Deformations in Grid-Less Flow Simulations | 10.1111/j.1467-8659.2009.01461.x | This paper presents a novel method for the extraction and visualization of volume deformations in grid‐less point based flow simulations. Our primary goals are the segmentation of different paths through a mixing device and the visualization of ellipsoidal particle deformations. The main challenges are the numerically efficient processing of deformation tensors and the robust integration of stream‐ and streaklines at boundaries of the dataset such that closed segments are obtained. Our results show two‐ and three‐dimensional particle deformations as well as the segmentation of volumes in stationary fields and areas in time‐dependent datasets taking consistent paths through a mixing device. | false | false | [
"Harald Obermaier",
"Martin Hering-Bertram",
"Jörg Kuhnert",
"Hans Hagen"
] | [] | [] | [] |
CHI | 2,009 | A user study on visualizing directed edges in graphs | 10.1145/1518701.1519054 | Graphs are often visualized using node-link representations: vertices are depicted as dots, edges are depicted as (poly)lines connecting two vertices. A directed edge running from vertex A to B is generally visualized using an arrow representation: a (poly)line with a triangular arrowhead at vertex B. Although this representation is intuitive, it is not guaranteed that a user is able to determine edge direction as quickly and unambiguously as possible; alternative representations that exhibit less occlusion and visual clutter might be better suited. To investigate this, we developed five additional directed-edge representations using combinations of shape and color. We performed a user study in which subjects performed different tasks on a collection of graphs using these representations and combinations thereof to investigate which representation is best in terms of speed and accuracy. We present our initial hypotheses, the outcome of the user studies, and recommendations regarding directed-edge visualization. | false | false | [
"Danny Holten",
"Jarke J. van Wijk"
] | [] | [] | [] |
CHI | 2,009 | An intuitive model of perceptual grouping for HCI design | 10.1145/1518701.1518903 | Understanding and exploiting the abilities of the human visual system is an important part of the design of usable user interfaces and information visualizations. Good design enables quick, easy and veridical perception of key components of that design. An important facet of human vision is its ability to seemingly effortlessly perform "perceptual organization; it transforms individual feature estimates into perception of coherent regions, structures, and objects. We perceive regions grouped by proximity and feature similarity, grouping of curves by good continuation, and grouping of regions of coherent texture. In this paper, we discuss a simple model for a broad range of perceptual grouping phenomena. It takes as input an arbitrary image, and returns a structure describing the predicted visual organization of the image. We demonstrate that this model can capture aspects of traditional design rules, and predicts visual percepts in classic perceptual grouping displays. | false | false | [
"Ruth Rosenholtz",
"Nathaniel R. Twarog",
"Nadja Schinkel-Bielefeld",
"Martin Wattenberg"
] | [] | [] | [] |
CHI | 2,009 | Conversation clusters: grouping conversation topics through human-computer dialog | 10.1145/1518701.1519060 | Conversation Clusters explores the use of visualization to highlight salient moments of live conversation while archiving a meeting. Cheaper storage and easy access to recording devices allows extensive archival. However, as the size of the archive grows, retrieving the desired moments becomes increasingly difficult. We approach this problem from a socio-technical perspective and utilize human intuition aided by computer memory. We present computationally detected topics of conversation as visual summaries of discussion and as reference points into the archive. To further bootstrap the system, humans can participate in a dialog with the visualization of the clustering process and shape the development of clustering models. | false | false | [
"Tony Bergstrom",
"Karrie Karahalios"
] | [] | [] | [] |
CHI | 2,009 | Creating a spoken impact: encouraging vocalization through audio visual feedback in children with ASD | 10.1145/1518701.1518774 | One hallmark difficulty of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) centers on communication and speech. Research into computer visualizations of voice has been shown to influence conversational patterns and allow users to reflect upon their speech. In this paper, we present the Spoken Impact Project (SIP), an effort to examine the effect of audio and visual feedback on vocalizations in low-functioning children with ASD by providing them with additional means of understanding and exploring their voice. This research spans over 12 months, including the creation of multiple software packages and detailed analysis of more than 20 hours of experimental video. SIP demonstrates the potential of computer generated audio and visual feedback to encourage vocalizations of children with ASD. | false | false | [
"Joshua M. Hailpern",
"Karrie Karahalios",
"James Halle"
] | [] | [] | [] |
CHI | 2,009 | EnsembleMatrix: interactive visualization to support machine learning with multiple classifiers | 10.1145/1518701.1518895 | Machine learning is an increasingly used computational tool within human-computer interaction research. While most researchers currently utilize an iterative approach to refining classifier models and performance, we propose that ensemble classification techniques may be a viable and even preferable alternative. In ensemble learning, algorithms combine multiple classifiers to build one that is superior to its components. In this paper, we present EnsembleMatrix, an interactive visualization system that presents a graphical view of confusion matrices to help users understand relative merits of various classifiers. EnsembleMatrix allows users to directly interact with the visualizations in order to explore and build combination models. We evaluate the efficacy of the system and the approach in a user study. Results show that users are able to quickly combine multiple classifiers operating on multiple feature sets to produce an ensemble classifier with accuracy that approaches best-reported performance classifying images in the CalTech-101 dataset. | false | false | [
"Justin Talbot",
"Bongshin Lee",
"Ashish Kapoor",
"Desney S. Tan"
] | [] | [] | [] |
CHI | 2,009 | FacetLens: exposing trends and relationships to support sensemaking within faceted datasets | 10.1145/1518701.1518896 | Previous research has shown that faceted browsing is effective and enjoyable in searching and browsing large collections of data. In this work, we explore the efficacy of interactive visualization systems in supporting exploration and sensemaking within faceted datasets. To do this, we developed an interactive visualization system called FacetLens, which exposes trends and relationships within faceted datasets. FacetLens implements linear facets to enable users not only to identify trends but also to easily compare several trends simultaneously. Furthermore, it offers pivot operations to allow users to navigate the faceted dataset using relationships between items. We evaluate the utility of the system through a description of insights gained while experts used the system to explore the CHI publication repository as well as a database of funding grant data, and report a formative user study that identified usability issues. | false | false | [
"Bongshin Lee",
"Greg Smith",
"George G. Robertson",
"Mary Czerwinski",
"Desney S. Tan"
] | [] | [] | [] |
CHI | 2,009 | Fisheyes in the field: using method triangulation to study the adoption and use of a source code visualization | 10.1145/1518701.1518943 | Information visualizations have been shown useful in numerous laboratory studies, but their adoption and use in real-life tasks are curiously under-researched. We present a field study of ten programmers who work with an editor extended with a fisheye view of source code. The study triangulates multiple methods (experience sampling, logging, thinking aloud, and interviews) to describe how the visualization is adopted and used. At the concrete level, our results suggest that the visualization was used as frequently as other tools in the programming environment. We also propose extensions to the interface and discuss features that were not used in practice. At the methodological level, the study identifies contributions distinct to individual methods and to their combination, and discusses the relative benefits of laboratory studies and field studies for the evaluation of information visualizations. | false | false | [
"Mikkel Rønne Jakobsen",
"Kasper Hornbæk"
] | [] | [] | [] |
CHI | 2,009 | PhotoScope: visualizing spatiotemporal coverage of photos for construction management | 10.1145/1518701.1518869 | PhotoScope visualizes the spatiotemporal coverage of photos in a photo collection. It extends the standard photo browsing paradigm in two main ways: visualizing spatial coverage of photos, and indexing photos by a combination of spatial coverage, time, and content specifications. This approach enables users to browse and search space- and time-indexed photos more effectively. We designed PhotoScope specifically to address challenges in the construction management industry, where large photo collections are amassed to document project progress. These ideas may also apply to any photo collection that is spatially constrained and must be searched using spatial, temporal, and content criteria. We describe the design choices made when developing PhotoScope and the results of user evaluation. | false | false | [
"Fuqu Wu",
"Melanie Tory"
] | [] | [] | [] |
CHI | 2,009 | PrintMarmoset: redesigning the print button for sustainability | 10.1145/1518701.1518720 | In this paper, we discuss some unique challenges of sustainable interaction design (SID) and present our work that aims to reduce paper waste from web printing. We conducted a two-month field study of current behaviors and attitudes around printing, and the results confirmed the affordances of paper, but also revealed many problems associated with printing web content. We then designed and implemented a browser extension, PrintMarmoset, that targets these problems while simultaneously addressing user needs and environmental responsibility. It allows users to effortless select or remove web content for printing. We have also incorporated a data sharing mechanism into our solution to assist in the adoption of the tool and created visualizations to encourage user reflection and exploration. | false | false | [
"Jun Xiao",
"Jian Fan"
] | [] | [] | [] |
CHI | 2,009 | SiteLens: situated visualization techniques for urban site visits | 10.1145/1518701.1518871 | Urban designers and urban planners often conduct site visits prior to a design activity to search for patterns or better understand existing conditions. We introduce SiteLens, an experimental system and set of techniques for supporting site visits by visualizing relevant virtual data directly in the context of the physical site, which we call situated visualization. We address alternative visualization representations and techniques for data collection, curation, discovery, comparison, manipulation, and provenance. A real use scenario is presented and two iterations of evaluation with faculty and students from the Columbia University Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation provide directions and insight for further investigation. | false | false | [
"Sean White",
"Steven Feiner"
] | [] | [] | [] |
CHI | 2,009 | Sizing the horizon: the effects of chart size and layering on the graphical perception of time series visualizations | 10.1145/1518701.1518897 | We investigate techniques for visualizing time series data and evaluate their effect in value comparison tasks. We compare line charts with horizon graphs - a space-efficient time series visualization technique - across a range of chart sizes, measuring the speed and accuracy of subjects' estimates of value differences between charts. We identify transition points at which reducing the chart height results in significantly differing drops in estimation accuracy across the compared chart types, and we find optimal positions in the speed-accuracy tradeoff curve at which viewers performed quickly without attendant drops in accuracy. Based on these results, we propose approaches for increasing data density that optimize graphical perception. | false | false | [
"Jeffrey Heer",
"Nicholas Kong",
"Maneesh Agrawala"
] | [] | [] | [] |
CHI | 2,009 | So you know you're getting the best possible information: a tool that increases Wikipedia credibility | 10.1145/1518701.1518929 | An experiment was conducted to study how credibility judgments about Wikipedia are affected by providing users with an interactive visualization (WikiDashboard) of article and author editing history. Overall, users who self-reported higher use of Internet information and higher rates of Wikipedia usage tended to produce lower credibility judgments about Wikipedia articles and authors. However, use of WikiDashboard significantly increased article and author credibility judgments, with effect sizes larger than any other measured effects of background media usage and attitudes on Wikiepedia credibility. The results suggest that increased exposure to the editing/authoring histories of Wikipedia increases credibility judgments. | false | false | [
"Peter Pirolli",
"Evelin Wollny",
"Bongwon Suh"
] | [] | [] | [] |
CHI | 2,009 | Topology-aware navigation in large networks | 10.1145/1518701.1519056 | Applications supporting navigation in large networks are used every days by millions of people. They include road map navigators, flight route visualization systems, and network visualization systems using node-link diagrams. These applications currently provide generic interaction methods for navigation: pan-and-zoom and sometimes bird's eye views. This article explores the idea of exploiting the connection information provided by the network to help navigate these large spaces. We visually augment two traditional navigation methods, and develop two special-purpose techniques. The first new technique, called "Link Sliding", provides guided panning when continuously dragging along a visible link. The second technique, called "Bring & Go", brings adjacent nodes nearby when pointing to a node. We compare the performance of these techniques in both an adjacency exploration task and a node revisiting task. This comparison illustrates the various advantages of content-aware network navigation techniques. A significant speed advantage is found for the Bring & Go technique over other methods. | false | false | [
"Tomer Moscovich",
"Fanny Chevalier",
"Nathalie Henry",
"Emmanuel Pietriga",
"Jean-Daniel Fekete"
] | [] | [] | [] |
CHI | 2,009 | Unravelling seams: improvoing mobile gesture recognition with visual feedback techniques | 10.1145/1518701.1518844 | Gesture recognition is emerging as an engaging interaction technique in mobile scenarios, and high recognition rates promote user acceptance. Several factors influence recognition rates including the nature of the gesture set and the suitability of the gesture recognition algorithm. This work explores how seamfulness in gesture stroke visualization affects recognition rates. We present the results of a user evaluation of a gesture recognition system that shows that raw (seamful) visualization of low-delity gesture stroke data has recognition rates comparable to no feedback. Providing filtered (seamless) stroke visualization to the user, while retaining the un-filtered input data for recognition, resulted in a 34.9% improvement in gesture recognition rate over raw stroke data. The results provide insights into the broader design space of seamful design, and identifies areas where seamlessness is advantageous. | false | false | [
"Sven G. Kratz",
"Rafael Ballagas"
] | [] | [] | [] |
CHI | 2,009 | Visualizing real-time language-based feedback on teamwork behavior in computer-mediated groups | 10.1145/1518701.1518784 | While most collaboration technologies are concerned with supporting particular tasks such as workflows or meetings, many work groups do not have the teamwork skills essential to effective collaboration. One way to improve teamwork is to provide dynamic feedback generated by automated analyses of behavior, such as language use. Such feedback can lead members to reflect on and subsequently improve their collaborative behavior, but might also distract from the task at hand. We have experimented with GroupMeter - a chat-based system that presents visual feedback on team members' language use. Feedback on proportion of agreement words and overall word count was presented using two different designs. When receiving feedback, teams in our study expressed more agreement in their conversations and reported greater focus on language use as compared to when not receiving feedback. This suggests that automated, real-time linguistic feedback can elicit behavioral changes, offering opportunities for future research. | false | false | [
"Gilly Leshed",
"Diego Perez",
"Jeffrey T. Hancock",
"Dan Cosley",
"Jeremy P. Birnholtz",
"Soyoung Lee",
"Poppy L. McLeod",
"Geri Gay"
] | [] | [] | [] |
CHI | 2,009 | WeSpace: the design development and deployment of a walk-up and share multi-surface visual collaboration system | 10.1145/1518701.1518886 | We present WeSpace -- a collaborative work space that integrates a large data wall with a multi-user multi-touch table. WeSpace has been developed for a population of scientists who frequently meet in small groups for data exploration and visualization. It provides a low overhead walk-up and share environment for users with their own personal applications and laptops. We present our year-long effort from initial ethnographic studies, to iterations of design, development and user testing, to the current experiences of these scientists carrying out their collaborative research in the WeSpace. We shed light on the utility, the value of the multi-touch table, the manifestation, usage patterns and the changes in their workflow that WeSpace has brought about. | false | false | [
"Daniel Wigdor",
"Hao Jiang",
"Clifton Forlines",
"Michelle Borkin",
"Chia Shen"
] | [] | [] | [] |
CHI | 2,009 | What's next?: emergent storytelling from video collection | 10.1145/1518701.1518825 | In the world of visual storytelling, narrative development relies on a particular temporal ordering of shots and sequences and scenes. Rarely is this ordering cast in stone. Rather, the particular ordering of a story reflects a myriad of interdependent decisions about the interplay of structure, narrative arc and character development. For storytellers, particularly those developing their narratives from large documentary archives, it would be helpful to have a visualization system partnered with them to present suggestions for the most compelling story path. We present Storied Navigation, a video editing system that helps authors compose a sequence of scenes that tell a story, by selecting from a corpus of annotated clips. The clips are annotated in unrestricted natural language. Authors can also type a story in unrestricted English, and the system finds possibilities for clips that best match high-level elements of the story. Beyond simple keyword matching, these elements can include the characters, emotions, themes, and story structure. Authors can also interactively replace existing scenes or predict the next scene to continue a story, based on these characteristics. Storied Navigation gives the author the feel of brainstorming about the story rather than simply editing the media. | false | false | [
"Edward Yu-Te Shen",
"Henry Lieberman",
"Glorianna Davenport"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | A Comparison of the Perceptual Benefits of Linear Perspective and Physically-Based Illumination for Display of Dense 3D Streamtubes | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.108 | Large datasets typically contain coarse features comprised of finer sub-features. Even if the shapes of the small structures are evident in a 3D display, the aggregate shapes they suggest may not be easily inferred. From previous studies in shape perception, the evidence has not been clear whether physically-based illumination confers any advantage over local illumination for understanding scenes that arise in visualization of large data sets that contain features at two distinct scales. In this paper we show that physically-based illumination can improve the perception for some static scenes of complex 3D geometry from flow fields. We perform human-subjects experiments to quantify the effect of physically-based illumination on participant performance for two tasks: selecting the closer of two streamtubes from a field of tubes, and identifying the shape of the domain of a flow field over different densities of tubes. We find that physically-based illumination influences participant performance as strongly as perspective projection, suggesting that physically-based illumination is indeed a strong cue to the layout of complex scenes. We also find that increasing the density of tubes for the shape identification task improved participant performance under physically-based illumination but not under the traditional hardware-accelerated illumination model. | false | false | [
"Chris Weigle",
"David C. Banks"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | A Practical Approach to Morse-Smale Complex Computation: Scalability and Generality | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.110 | The Morse-Smale (MS) complex has proven to be a useful tool in extracting and visualizing features from scalar-valued data. However, efficient computation of the MS complex for large scale data remains a challenging problem. We describe a new algorithm and easily extensible framework for computing MS complexes for large scale data of any dimension where scalar values are given at the vertices of a closure-finite and weak topology (CW) complex, therefore enabling computation on a wide variety of meshes such as regular grids, simplicial meshes, and adaptive multiresolution (AMR) meshes. A new divide-and-conquer strategy allows for memory-efficient computation of the MS complex and simplification on-the-fly to control the size of the output. In addition to being able to handle various data formats, the framework supports implementation-specific optimizations, for example, for regular data. We present the complete characterization of critical point cancellations in all dimensions. This technique enables the topology based analysis of large data on off-the-shelf computers. In particular we demonstrate the first full computation of the MS complex for a 1 billion/10243node grid on a laptop computer with 2 Gb memory. | false | false | [
"Attila Gyulassy",
"Peer-Timo Bremer",
"Bernd Hamann",
"Valerio Pascucci"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | AD-Frustum: Adaptive Frustum Tracing for Interactive Sound Propagation | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.111 | We present an interactive algorithm to compute sound propagation paths for transmission, specular reflection and edge diffraction in complex scenes. Our formulation uses an adaptive frustum representation that is automatically sub-divided to accurately compute intersections with the scene primitives. We describe a simple and fast algorithm to approximate the visible surface for each frustum and generate new frusta based on specular reflection and edge diffraction. Our approach is applicable to all triangulated models and we demonstrate its performance on architectural and outdoor models with tens or hundreds of thousands of triangles and moving objects. In practice, our algorithm can perform geometric sound propagation in complex scenes at 4-20 frames per second on a multi-core PC. | false | false | [
"Anish Chandak",
"Christian Lauterbach",
"Micah T. Taylor",
"Zhimin Ren",
"Dinesh Manocha"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | An Efficient Naturalness-Preserving Image-Recoloring Method for Dichromats | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.112 | We present an efficient and automatic image-recoloring technique for dichromats that highlights important visual details that would otherwise be unnoticed by these individuals. While previous techniques approach this problem by potentially changing all colors of the original image, causing their results to look unnatural to color vision deficients, our approach preserves, as much as possible, the image's original colors. Our approach is about three orders of magnitude faster than previous ones. The results of a paired-comparison evaluation carried out with fourteen color-vision deficients (CVDs) indicated the preference of our technique over the state-of-the-art automatic recoloring technique for dichromats. When considering information visualization examples, the subjects tend to prefer our results over the original images. An extension of our technique that exaggerates color contrast tends to be preferred when CVDs compared pairs of scientific visualization images. These results provide valuable information for guiding the design of visualizations for color-vision deficients. | false | false | [
"Giovane R. Kuhn",
"Manuel Menezes de Oliveira Neto",
"Leandro A. F. Fernandes"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Box Spline Reconstruction On The Face-Centered Cubic Lattice | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.115 | We introduce and analyze an efficient reconstruction algorithm for FCC-sampled data. The reconstruction is based on the 6-direction box spline that is naturally associated with the FCC lattice and shares the continuity and approximation order of the triquadratic B-spline. We observe less aliasing for generic level sets and derive special techniques to attain the higher evaluation efficiency promised by the lower degree and smaller stencil-size of the C1 6-direction box spline over the triquadratic B-spline. | false | false | [
"Minho Kim",
"Alireza Entezari",
"Jörg Peters 0001"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Brushing of Attribute Clouds for the Visualization of Multivariate Data | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.116 | The visualization and exploration of multivariate data is still a challenging task. Methods either try to visualize all variables simultaneously at each position using glyph-based approaches or use linked views for the interaction between attribute space and physical domain such as brushing of scatterplots. Most visualizations of the attribute space are either difficult to understand or suffer from visual clutter. We propose a transformation of the high-dimensional data in attribute space to 2D that results in a point cloud, called attribute cloud, such that points with similar multivariate attributes are located close to each other. The transformation is based on ideas from multivariate density estimation and manifold learning. The resulting attribute cloud is an easy to understand visualization of multivariate data in two dimensions. We explain several techniques to incorporate additional information into the attribute cloud, that help the user get a better understanding of multivariate data. Using different examples from fluid dynamics and climate simulation, we show how brushing can be used to explore the attribute cloud and find interesting structures in physical space. | false | false | [
"Heike Leitte",
"Michael Böttinger",
"Gerik Scheuermann"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Color Design for Illustrative Visualization | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.118 | Professional designers and artists are quite cognizant of the rules that guide the design of effective color palettes, from both aesthetic and attention-guiding points of view. In the field of visualization, however, the use of systematic rules embracing these aspects has received less attention. The situation is further complicated by the fact that visualization often uses semi-transparencies to reveal occluded objects, in which case the resulting color mixing effects add additional constraints to the choice of the color palette. Color design forms a crucial part in visual aesthetics. Thus, the consideration of these issues can be of great value in the emerging field of illustrative visualization. We describe a knowledge-based system that captures established color design rules into a comprehensive interactive framework, aimed to aid users in the selection of colors for scene objects and incorporating individual preferences, importance functions, and overall scene composition. Our framework also offers new knowledge and solutions for the mixing, ordering and choice of colors in the rendering of semi-transparent layers and surfaces. All design rules are evaluated via user studies, for which we extend the method of conjoint analysis to task-based testing scenarios. Our framework's use of principles rooted in color design with application for the illustration of features in pre-classified data distinguishes it from existing systems which target the exploration of continuous-range density data via perceptual color maps. | false | false | [
"Lujin Wang",
"Joachim Giesen",
"Kevin T. McDonnell",
"Peter Zolliker",
"Klaus Mueller 0001"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Continuous Scatterplots | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.119 | Scatterplots are well established means of visualizing discrete data values with two data variables as a collection of discrete points. We aim at generalizing the concept of scatterplots to the visualization of spatially continuous input data by a continuous and dense plot. An example of a continuous input field is data defined on an n-D spatial grid with respective interpolation or reconstruction of in-between values. We propose a rigorous, accurate, and generic mathematical model of continuous scatterplots that considers an arbitrary density defined on an input field on an n-D domain and that maps this density to m-D scatterplots. Special cases are derived from this generic model and discussed in detail: scatterplots where the n-D spatial domain and the m-D data attribute domain have identical dimension, 1-D scatterplots as a way to define continuous histograms, and 2-D scatterplots of data on 3-D spatial grids. We show how continuous histograms are related to traditional discrete histograms and to the histograms of isosurface statistics. Based on the mathematical model of continuous scatterplots, respective visualization algorithms are derived, in particular for 2-D scatterplots of data from 3-D tetrahedral grids. For several visualization tasks, we show the applicability of continuous scatterplots. Since continuous scatterplots do not only sample data at grid points but interpolate data values within cells, a dense and complete visualization of the data set is achieved that scales well with increasing data set size. Especially for irregular grids with varying cell size, improved results are obtained when compared to conventional scatterplots. Therefore, continuous scatterplots are a suitable extension of a statistics visualization technique to be applied to typical data from scientific computation. | false | false | [
"Sven Bachthaler",
"Daniel Weiskopf"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Direct Volume Editing | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.120 | In this work we present basic methodology for interactive volume editing on GPUs, and we demonstrate the use of these methods to achieve a number of different effects. We present fast techniques to modify the appearance and structure of volumetric scalar fields given on Cartesian grids. Similar to 2D circular brushes as used in surface painting we present 3D spherical brushes for intuitive coloring of particular structures in such fields. This paint metaphor is extended to allow the user to change the data itself, and the use of this functionality for interactive structure isolation, hole filling, and artefact removal is demonstrated. Building on previous work in the field we introduce high-resolution selection volumes, which can be seen as a resolution-based focus+context metaphor. By utilizing such volumes we present a novel approach to interactive volume editing at sub-voxel accuracy. Finally, we introduce a fast technique to paste textures onto iso-surfaces in a 3D scalar field. Since the texture resolution is independent of the volume resolution, this technique allows structure-aligned textures containing appearance properties or textual information to be used for volume augmentation and annotation. | false | false | [
"Kai Bürger",
"Jens H. Krüger",
"Rüdiger Westermann"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Edge Groups: An Approach to Understanding the Mesh Quality of Marching Methods | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.122 | Marching cubes is the most popular isosurface extraction algorithm due to its simplicity, efficiency and robustness. It has been widely studied, improved, and extended. While much early work was concerned with efficiency and correctness issues, lately there has been a push to improve the quality of marching cubes meshes so that they can be used in computational codes. In this work we present a new classification of MC cases that we call edge groups, which helps elucidate the issues that impact the triangle quality of the meshes that the method generates. This formulation allows a more systematic way to bound the triangle quality, and is general enough to extend to other polyhedral cell shapes used in other polygonization algorithms. Using this analysis, we also discuss ways to improve the quality of the resulting triangle mesh, including some that require only minor modifications of the original algorithm. | false | false | [
"Carlos A. Dietrich",
"Carlos Scheidegger",
"João Luiz Dihl Comba",
"Luciana Porcher Nedel",
"Cláudio T. Silva"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Effective visualization of complex vascular structures using a non-parametric vessel detection method | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.123 | The effective visualization of vascular structures is critical for diagnosis, surgical planning as well as treatment evaluation. In recent work, we have developed an algorithm for vessel detection that examines the intensity profile around each voxel in an angiographic image and determines the likelihood that any given voxel belongs to a vessel; we term this the "vesselness coefficient" of the voxel. Our results show that our algorithm works particularly well for visualizing branch points in vessels. Compared to standard Hessian based techniques, which are fine-tuned to identify long cylindrical structures, our technique identifies branches and connections with other vessels. Using our computed vesselness coefficient, we explore a set of techniques for visualizing vasculature. Visualizing vessels is particularly challenging because not only is their position in space important for clinicians but it is also important to be able to resolve their spatial relationship. We applied visualization techniques that provide shape cues as well as depth cues to allow the viewer to differentiate between vessels that are closer from those that are farther. We use our computed vesselness coefficient to effectively visualize vasculature in both clinical neurovascular x-ray computed tomography based angiography images, as well as images from three different animal studies. We conducted a formal user evaluation of our visualization techniques with the help of radiologists, surgeons, and other expert users. Results indicate that experts preferred distance color blending and tone shading for conveying depth over standard visualization techniques. | false | false | [
"Alark Joshi",
"Xiaoning Qian",
"Donald P. Dione",
"Ketan R. Bulsara",
"Christopher K. Breuer",
"Albert J. Sinusas",
"Xenophon Papademetris"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Effective Visualization of Short Routes | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.124 | In this work we develop a new alternative to conventional maps for visualization of relatively short paths as they are frequently encountered in hotels, resorts or museums. Our approach is based on a warped rendering of a 3D model of the environment such that the visualized path appears to be straight even though it may contain several junctions. This has the advantage that the beholder of the image gains a realistic impression of the surroundings along the way which makes it easy to retrace the route in practice. We give an intuitive method for generation of such images and present results from user studies undertaken to evaluate the benefit of the warped images for orientation in unknown environments. | false | false | [
"Patrick Degener",
"Ruwen Schnabel",
"Christopher Schwartz",
"Reinhard Klein"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Effects of Video Placement and Spatial Context Presentation on Path Reconstruction Tasks with Contextualized Videos | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.126 | Many interesting and promising prototypes for visualizing video data have been proposed, including those that combine videos with their spatial context (contextualized videos). However, relatively little work has investigated the fundamental design factors behind these prototypes in order to provide general design guidance. Focusing on real-time video data visualization, we evaluated two important design factors - video placement method and spatial context presentation method - through a user study. In addition, we evaluated the effect of spatial knowledge of the environment. Participantspsila performance was measured through path reconstruction tasks, where the participants followed a target through simulated surveillance videos and marked the target paths on the environment model. We found that embedding videos inside the model enabled realtime strategies and led to faster performance. With the help of contextualized videos, participants not familiar with the real environment achieved similar task performance to participants that worked in that environment. We discuss design implications and provide general design recommendations for traffic and security surveillance system interfaces. | false | false | [
"Yi Wang",
"Doug A. Bowman",
"David M. Krum",
"Enylton Machado Coelho",
"Tonya L. Smith-Jackson",
"David Bailey",
"Sarah Peck",
"Swethan Anand",
"Trevor Kennedy",
"Yernar Abdrazakov"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Estimating Crossing fibers: A Tensor Decomposition Approach | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.128 | Diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging is a unique tool for non-invasive investigation of major nerve fiber tracts. Since the popular diffusion tensor (DT-MRI) model is limited to voxels with a single fiber direction, a number of high angular resolution techniques have been proposed to provide information about more diverse fiber distributions. Two such approaches are Q-Ball imaging and spherical deconvolution, which produce orientation distribution functions (ODFs) on the sphere. For analysis and visualization, the maxima of these functions have been used as principal directions, even though the results are known to be biased in case of crossing fiber tracts. In this paper, we present a more reliable technique for extracting discrete orientations from continuous ODFs, which is based on decomposing their higher-order tensor representation into an isotropic component, several rank-1 terms, and a small residual. Comparing to ground truth in synthetic data shows that the novel method reduces bias and reliably reconstructs crossing fibers which are not resolved as individual maxima in the ODF We present results on both Q-Ball and spherical deconvolution data and demonstrate that the estimated directions allow for plausible fiber tracking in a real data set. | false | false | [
"Thomas Schultz 0001",
"Hans-Peter Seidel"
] | [
"BP"
] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Extensions of Parallel Coordinates for Interactive Exploration of Large Multi-Timepoint Data Sets | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.131 | Parallel coordinate plots (PCPs) are commonly used in information visualization to provide insight into multi-variate data. These plots help to spot correlations between variables. PCPs have been successfully applied to unstructured datasets up to a few millions of points. In this paper, we present techniques to enhance the usability of PCPs for the exploration of large, multi-timepoint volumetric data sets, containing tens of millions of points per timestep. The main difficulties that arise when applying PCPs to large numbers of data points are visual clutter and slow performance, making interactive exploration infeasible. Moreover, the spatial context of the volumetric data is usually lost. We describe techniques for preprocessing using data quantization and compression, and for fast GPU-based rendering of PCPs using joint density distributions for each pair of consecutive variables, resulting in a smooth, continuous visualization. Also, fast brushing techniques are proposed for interactive data selection in multiple linked views, including a 3D spatial volume view. These techniques have been successfully applied to three large data sets: Hurricane Isabel (Vis'04 contest), the ionization front instability data set (Vis'08 design contest), and data from a large-eddy simulation of cumulus clouds. With these data, we show how PCPs can be extended to successfully visualize and interactively explore multi-timepoint volumetric datasets with an order of magnitude more data points. | false | false | [
"Jorik Blaas",
"Charl P. Botha",
"Frits H. Post"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Focus+Context Visualization with Distortion Minimization | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.132 | The need to examine and manipulate large surface models is commonly found in many science, engineering, and medical applications. On a desktop monitor, however, seeing the whole model in detail is not possible. In this paper, we present a new, interactive Focus+Context method for visualizing large surface models. Our method, based on an energy optimization model, allows the user to magnify an area of interest to see it in detail while deforming the rest of the area without perceivable distortion. The rest of the surface area is essentially shrunk to use as little of the screen space as possible in order to keep the entire model displayed on screen. We demonstrate the efficacy and robustness of our method with a variety of models. | false | false | [
"Yu-Shuen Wang",
"Tong-Yee Lee",
"Chiew-Lan Tai"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Generation of Accurate Integral Surfaces in Time-Dependent Vector fields | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.133 | We present a novel approach for the direct computation of integral surfaces in time-dependent vector fields. As opposed to previous work, which we analyze in detail, our approach is based on a separation of integral surface computation into two stages: surface approximation and generation of a graphical representation. This allows us to overcome several limitations of existing techniques. We first describe an algorithm for surface integration that approximates a series of time lines using iterative refinement and computes a skeleton of the integral surface. In a second step, we generate a well-conditioned triangulation. Our approach allows a highly accurate treatment of very large time-varying vector fields in an efficient, streaming fashion. We examine the properties of the presented methods on several example datasets and perform a numerical study of its correctness and accuracy. Finally, we investigate some visualization aspects of integral surfaces. | false | false | [
"Christoph Garth",
"Han Krishnan",
"Xavier Tricoche",
"Tom Tricoche",
"Kenneth I. Joy"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Geodesic Distance-weighted Shape Vector Image Diffusion | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.134 | This paper presents a novel and efficient surface matching and visualization framework through the geodesic distance-weighted shape vector image diffusion. Based on conformal geometry, our approach can uniquely map a 3D surface to a canonical rectangular domain and encode the shape characteristics (e.g., mean curvatures and conformal factors) of the surface in the 2D domain to construct a geodesic distance-weighted shape vector image, where the distances between sampling pixels are not uniform but the actual geodesic distances on the manifold. Through the novel geodesic distance-weighted shape vector image diffusion presented in this paper, we can create a multiscale diffusion space, in which the cross-scale extrema can be detected as the robust geometric features for the matching and registration of surfaces. Therefore, statistical analysis and visualization of surface properties across subjects become readily available. The experiments on scanned surface models show that our method is very robust for feature extraction and surface matching even under noise and resolution change. We have also applied the framework on the real 3D human neocortical surfaces, and demonstrated the excellent performance of our approach in statistical analysis and integrated visualization of the multimodality volumetric data over the shape vector image. | false | false | [
"Jing Hua 0001",
"Zhaoqiang Lai",
"Ming Dong 0001",
"Xianfeng Gu",
"Hong Qin"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Glyph-Based SPECT Visualization for the Diagnosis of Coronary Artery Disease | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.136 | Myocardial perfusion imaging with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) is an established method for the detection and evaluation of coronary artery disease (CAD). State-of-the-art SPECT scanners yield a large number of regional parameters of the left-ventricular myocardium (e.g., blood supply at rest and during stress, wall thickness, and wall thickening during heart contraction) that all need to be assessed by the physician. Today, the individual parameters of this multivariate data set are displayed as stacks of 2D slices, bull's eye plots, or, more recently, surfaces in 3D, which depict the left-ventricular wall. In all these visualizations, the data sets are displayed side-by-side rather than in an integrated manner, such that the multivariate data have to be examined sequentially and need to be fused mentally. This is time consuming and error-prone. In this paper we present an interactive 3D glyph visualization, which enables an effective integrated visualization of the multivariate data. Results from semiotic theory are used to optimize the mapping of different variables to glyph properties. This facilitates an improved perception of important information and thus an accelerated diagnosis. The 3D glyphs are linked to the established 2D views, which permit a more detailed inspection, and to relevant meta-information such as known stenoses of coronary vessels supplying the myocardial region. Our method has demonstrated its potential for clinical routine use in real application scenarios assessed by nuclear physicians. | false | false | [
"Jennis Meyer-Spradow",
"Lars Stegger",
"Christian Döring",
"Timo Ropinski",
"Klaus H. Hinrichs"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Hypothesis Generation in Climate Research with Interactive Visual Data Exploration | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.139 | One of the most prominent topics in climate research is the investigation, detection, and allocation of climate change. In this paper, we aim at identifying regions in the atmosphere (e.g., certain height layers) which can act as sensitive and robust indicators for climate change. We demonstrate how interactive visual data exploration of large amounts of multi-variate and time-dependent climate data enables the steered generation of promising hypotheses for subsequent statistical evaluation. The use of new visualization and interaction technology-in the context of a coordinated multiple views framework-allows not only to identify these promising hypotheses, but also to efficiently narrow down parameters that are required in the process of computational data analysis. Two datasets, namely an ECHAM5 climate model run and the ERA-40 reanalysis incorporating observational data, are investigated. Higher-order information such as linear trends or signal-to-noise ratio is derived and interactively explored in order to detect and explore those regions which react most sensitively to climate change. As one conclusion from this study, we identify an excellent potential for usefully generalizing our approach to other, similar application cases, as well. | false | false | [
"Johannes Kehrer",
"Florian Ladstädter",
"Philipp Muigg",
"Helmut Doleisch",
"Andrea K. Steiner",
"Helwig Hauser"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Importance-Driven Time-Varying Data Visualization | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.140 | The ability to identify and present the most essential aspects of time-varying data is critically important in many areas of science and engineering. This paper introduces an importance-driven approach to time-varying volume data visualization for enhancing that ability. By conducting a block-wise analysis of the data in the joint feature-temporal space, we derive an importance curve for each data block based on the formulation of conditional entropy from information theory. Each curve characterizes the local temporal behavior of the respective block, and clustering the importance curves of all the volume blocks effectively classifies the underlying data. Based on different temporal trends exhibited by importance curves and their clustering results, we suggest several interesting and effective visualization techniques to reveal the important aspects of time-varying data. | false | false | [
"Chaoli Wang 0001",
"Hongfeng Yu 0001",
"Kwan-Liu Ma"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Interactive Blood Damage Analysis for Ventricular Assist Devices | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.142 | Ventricular Assist Devices (VADs) support the heart in its vital task of maintaining circulation in the human body when the heart alone is not able to maintain a sufficient flow rate due to illness or degenerative diseases. However, the engineering of these devices is a highly demanding task. Advanced modeling methods and computer simulations allow the investigation of the fluid flow inside such a device and in particular of potential blood damage. In this paper we present a set of visualization methods which have been designed to specifically support the analysis of a tensor-based blood damage prediction model. This model is based on the tracing of particles through the VAD, for each of which the cumulative blood damage can be computed. The model's tensor output approximates a single blood cell's deformation in the flow field. The tensor and derived scalar data are subsequently visualized using techniques based on icons, particle visualization, and function plotting. All these techniques are accessible through a Virtual Reality-based user interface, which features not only stereoscopic rendering but also natural interaction with the complex three-dimensional data. To illustrate the effectiveness of these visualization methods, we present the results of an analysis session that was performed by domain experts for a specific data set for the MicroMed DeBakey VAD. | false | false | [
"Bernd Hentschel 0001",
"Irene Tedjo-Palczynski",
"Markus Probst",
"Marc Wolter",
"Marek Behr",
"Christian H. Bischof",
"Torsten W. Kuhlen"
] | [
"BA"
] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Interactive Comparison of Scalar fields Based on Largest Contours with Applications to Flow Visualization | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.143 | Understanding fluid flow data, especially vortices, is still a challenging task. Sophisticated visualization tools help to gain insight. In this paper, we present a novel approach for the interactive comparison of scalar fields using isosurfaces, and its application to fluid flow datasets. Features in two scalar fields are defined by largest contour segmentation after topological simplification. These features are matched using a volumetric similarity measure based on spatial overlap of individual features. The relationships defined by this similarity measure are ranked and presented in a thumbnail gallery of feature pairs and a graph representation showing all relationships between individual contours. Additionally, linked views of the contour trees are provided to ease navigation. The main render view shows the selected features overlapping each other. Thus, by displaying individual features and their relationships in a structured fashion, we enable exploratory visualization of correlations between similar structures in two scalar fields. We demonstrate the utility of our approach by applying it to a number of complex fluid flow datasets, where the emphasis is put on the comparison of vortex related scalar quantities. | false | false | [
"Dominic Schneider",
"Alexander Wiebel",
"Hamish A. Carr",
"Mario Hlawitschka",
"Gerik Scheuermann"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Interactive Visual Steering - Rapid Visual Prototyping of a Common Rail Injection System | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.145 | Interactive steering with visualization has been a common goal of the visualization research community for twenty years, but it is rarely ever realized in practice. In this paper we describe a successful realization of a tightly coupled steering loop, integrating new simulation technology and interactive visual analysis in a prototyping environment for automotive industry system design. Due to increasing pressure on car manufacturers to meet new emission regulations, to improve efficiency, and to reduce noise, both simulation and visualization are pushed to their limits. Automotive system components, such as the powertrain system or the injection system have an increasing number of parameters, and new design approaches are required. It is no longer possible to optimize such a system solely based on experience or forward optimization. By coupling interactive visualization with the simulation back-end (computational steering), it is now possible to quickly prototype a new system, starting from a non-optimized initial prototype and the corresponding simulation model. The prototyping continues through the refinement of the simulation model, of the simulation parameters and through trial-and-error attempts to an optimized solution. The ability to early see the first results from a multidimensional simulation space - thousands of simulations are run for a multidimensional variety of input parameters - and to quickly go back into the simulation and request more runs in particular parameter regions of interest significantly improves the prototyping process and provides a deeper understanding of the system behavior. The excellent results which we achieved for the common rail injection system strongly suggest that our approach has a great potential of being generalized to other, similar scenarios. | false | false | [
"Kresimir Matkovic",
"Denis Gracanin",
"Mario Jelovic",
"Helwig Hauser"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Interactive Visualization and Analysis of Transitional Flow | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.146 | A stand-alone visualization application has been developed by a multi-disciplinary, collaborative team with the sole purpose of creating an interactive exploration environment allowing turbulent flow researchers to experiment and validate hypotheses using visualization. This system has specific optimizations made in data management, caching computations, and visualization allowing for the interactive exploration of datasets on the order of 1TB in size. Using this application, the user (co-author Calo) is able to interactively visualize and analyze all regions of a transitional flow volume, including the laminar, transitional and fully turbulent regions. The underlying goal of the visualizations produced from these transitional flow simulations is to localize turbulent spots in the laminar region of the boundary layer, determine under which conditions they form, and follow their evolution. The initiation of turbulent spots, which ultimately lead to full turbulence, was located via a proposed feature detection condition and verified by experimental results. The conditions under which these turbulent spots form and coalesce are validated and presented. | false | false | [
"Gregory P. Johnson",
"Victor M. Calo",
"Kelly P. Gaither"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Interactive Volume Exploration for Feature Detection and Quantification in Industrial CT Data | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.147 | This paper presents a novel method for interactive exploration of industrial CT volumes such as cast metal parts, with the goal of interactively detecting, classifying, and quantifying features using a visualization-driven approach. The standard approach for defect detection builds on region growing, which requires manually tuning parameters such as target ranges for density and size, variance, as well as the specification of seed points. If the results are not satisfactory, region growing must be performed again with different parameters. In contrast, our method allows interactive exploration of the parameter space, completely separated from region growing in an unattended pre-processing stage. The pre-computed feature volume tracks a feature size curve for each voxel over time, which is identified with the main region growing parameter such as variance. A novel 3D transfer function domain over (density, feature.size, time) allows for interactive exploration of feature classes. Features and feature size curves can also be explored individually, which helps with transfer function specification and allows coloring individual features and disabling features resulting from CT artifacts. Based on the classification obtained through exploration, the classified features can be quantified immediately. | false | false | [
"Markus Hadwiger",
"Laura Fritz",
"Christof Rezk-Salama",
"Thomas Höllt",
"Georg Geier",
"Thomas Pabel"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Invariant Crease Lines for Topological and Structural Analysis of Tensor fields | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.148 | We introduce a versatile framework for characterizing and extracting salient structures in three-dimensional symmetric second-order tensor fields. The key insight is that degenerate lines in tensor fields, as defined by the standard topological approach, are exactly crease (ridge and valley) lines of a particular tensor invariant called mode. This reformulation allows us to apply well-studied approaches from scientific visualization or computer vision to the extraction of topological lines in tensor fields. More generally, this main result suggests that other tensor invariants, such as anisotropy measures like fractional anisotropy (FA), can be used in the same framework in lieu of mode to identify important structural properties in tensor fields. Our implementation addresses the specific challenge posed by the non-linearity of the considered scalar measures and by the smoothness requirement of the crease manifold computation. We use a combination of smooth reconstruction kernels and adaptive refinement strategy that automatically adjust the resolution of the analysis to the spatial variation of the considered quantities. Together, these improvements allow for the robust application of existing ridge line extraction algorithms in the tensor context of our problem. Results are proposed for a diffusion tensor MRI dataset, and for a benchmark stress tensor field used in engineering research. | false | false | [
"Xavier Tricoche",
"Gordon L. Kindlmann",
"Carl-Fredrik Westin"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Novel interaction techniques for neurosurgical planning and stereotactic navigation | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.150 | Neurosurgical planning and image guided neurosurgery require the visualization of multimodal data obtained from various functional and structural image modalities, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), functional MRI, Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and so on. In the case of epilepsy neurosurgery for example, these images are used to identify brain regions to guide intracranial electrode implantation and resection. Generally, such data is visualized using 2D slices and in some cases using a 3D volume rendering along with the functional imaging results. Visualizing the activation region effectively by still preserving sufficient surrounding brain regions for context is exceedingly important to neurologists and surgeons. We present novel interaction techniques for visualization of multimodal data to facilitate improved exploration and planning for neurosurgery. We extended the line widget from VTK to allow surgeons to control the shape of the region of the brain that they can visually crop away during exploration and surgery. We allow simple spherical, cubical, ellipsoidal and cylindrical (probe aligned cuts) for exploration purposes. In addition we integrate the cropping tool with the image-guided navigation system used for epilepsy neurosurgery. We are currently investigating the use of these new tools in surgical planning and based on further feedback from our neurosurgeons we will integrate them into the setup used for image-guided neurosurgery. | false | false | [
"Alark Joshi",
"Dustin Scheinost",
"Kenneth P. Vives",
"Dennis D. Spencer",
"Lawrence H. Staib",
"Xenophon Papademetris"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Particle-based Sampling and Meshing of Surfaces in Multimaterial Volumes | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.154 | Methods that faithfully and robustly capture the geometry of complex material interfaces in labeled volume data are important for generating realistic and accurate visualizations and simulations of real-world objects. The generation of such multimaterial models from measured data poses two unique challenges: first, the surfaces must be well-sampled with regular, efficient tessellations that are consistent across material boundaries; and second, the resulting meshes must respect the nonmanifold geometry of the multimaterial interfaces. This paper proposes a strategy for sampling and meshing multimaterial volumes using dynamic particle systems, including a novel, differentiable representation of the material junctions that allows the particle system to explicitly sample corners, edges, and surfaces of material intersections. The distributions of particles are controlled by fundamental sampling constraints, allowing Delaunay-based meshing algorithms to reliably extract watertight meshes of consistently high-quality. | false | false | [
"Miriah D. Meyer",
"Ross T. Whitaker",
"Robert M. Kirby",
"Christian Ledergerber",
"Hanspeter Pfister"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Query-Driven Visualization of Time-Varying Adaptive Mesh Refinement Data | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.157 | The visualization and analysis of AMR-based simulations is integral to the process of obtaining new insight in scientific research. We present a new method for performing query-driven visualization and analysis on AMR data, with specific emphasis on time-varying AMR data. Our work introduces a new method that directly addresses the dynamic spatial and temporal properties of AMR grids that challenge many existing visualization techniques. Further, we present the first implementation of query-driven visualization on the GPU that uses a GPU-based indexing structure to both answer queries and efficiently utilize GPU memory. We apply our method to two different science domains to demonstrate its broad applicability. | false | false | [
"Luke J. Gosink",
"John C. Anderson",
"E. Wes Bethel",
"Kenneth I. Joy"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Relation-Aware Volume Exploration Pipeline | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.159 | Volume exploration is an important issue in scientific visualization. Research on volume exploration has been focused on revealing hidden structures in volumetric data. While the information of individual structures or features is useful in practice, spatial relations between structures are also important in many applications and can provide further insights into the data. In this paper, we systematically study the extraction, representation,exploration, and visualization of spatial relations in volumetric data and propose a novel relation-aware visualization pipeline for volume exploration. In our pipeline, various relations in the volume are first defined and measured using region connection calculus (RCC) and then represented using a graph interface called relation graph. With RCC and the relation graph, relation query and interactive exploration can be conducted in a comprehensive and intuitive way. The visualization process is further assisted with relation-revealing viewpoint selection and color and opacity enhancement. We also introduce a quality assessment scheme which evaluates the perception of spatial relations in the rendered images. Experiments on various datasets demonstrate the practical use of our system in exploratory visualization. | false | false | [
"Ming-Yuen Chan",
"Huamin Qu",
"Ka-Kei Chung",
"Wai-Ho Mak",
"Yingcai Wu"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Revisiting Histograms and Isosurface Statistics | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.160 | Recent results have shown a link between geometric properties of isosurfaces and statistical properties of the underlying sampled data. However, this has two defects: not all of the properties described converge to the same solution, and the statistics computed are not always invariant under isosurface-preserving transformations. We apply Federer's Coarea Formula from geometric measure theory to explain these discrepancies. We describe an improved substitute for histograms based on weighting with the inverse gradient magnitude, develop a statistical model that is invariant under isosurface-preserving transformations, and argue that this provides a consistent method for algorithm evaluation across multiple datasets based on histogram equalization. We use our corrected formulation to reevaluate recent results on average isosurface complexity, and show evidence that noise is one cause of the discrepancy between the expected figure and the observed one. | false | false | [
"Carlos Scheidegger",
"John M. Schreiner",
"Brian Duffy",
"Hamish A. Carr",
"Cláudio T. Silva"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Sinus Endoscopy - Application of Advanced GPU Volume Rendering for Virtual Endoscopy | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.161 | For difficult cases in endoscopic sinus surgery, a careful planning of the intervention is necessary. Due to the reduced field of view during the intervention, the surgeons have less information about the surrounding structures in the working area compared to open surgery. Virtual endoscopy enables the visualization of the operating field and additional information, such as risk structures (e.g., optical nerve and skull base) and target structures to be removed (e.g., mucosal swelling). The Sinus Endoscopy system provides the functional range of a virtual endoscopic system with special focus on a realistic representation. Furthermore, by using direct volume rendering, we avoid time-consuming segmentation steps for the use of individual patient datasets. However, the image quality of the endoscopic view can be adjusted in a way that a standard computer with a modern standard graphics card achieves interactive frame rates with low CPU utilization. Thereby, characteristics of the endoscopic view are systematically used for the optimization of the volume rendering speed. The system design was based on a careful analysis of the endoscopic sinus surgery and the resulting needs for computer support. As a small standalone application it can be instantly used for surgical planning and patient education. First results of a clinical evaluation with ENT surgeons were employed to fine-tune the user interface, in particular to reduce the number of controls by using appropriate default values wherever possible. The system was used for preoperative planning in 102 cases, provides useful information for intervention planning (e.g., anatomic variations of the Rec. Frontalis), and closely resembles the intraoperative situation. | false | false | [
"Arno Krüger",
"Christoph Kubisch",
"Gero Strauß",
"Bernhard Preim"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Size-based Transfer Functions: A New Volume Exploration Technique | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.162 | The visualization of complex 3D images remains a challenge, a fact that is magnified by the difficulty to classify or segment volume data. In this paper, we introduce size-based transfer functions, which map the local scale of features to color and opacity. Features in a data set with similar or identical scalar values can be classified based on their relative size. We achieve this with the use of scale fields, which are 3D fields that represent the relative size of the local feature at each voxel. We present a mechanism for obtaining these scale fields at interactive rates, through a continuous scale-space analysis and a set of detection filters. Through a number of examples, we show that size-based transfer functions can improve classification and enhance volume rendering techniques, such as maximum intensity projection. The ability to classify objects based on local size at interactive rates proves to be a powerful method for complex data exploration. | false | false | [
"Carlos D. Correa",
"Kwan-Liu Ma"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Smoke Surfaces: An Interactive Flow Visualization Technique Inspired by Real-World Flow Experiments | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.163 | Smoke rendering is a standard technique for flow visualization. Most approaches are based on a volumetric, particle based, or image based representation of the smoke. This paper introduces an alternative representation of smoke structures: as semi-transparent streak surfaces. In order to make streak surface integration fast enough for interactive applications, we avoid expensive adaptive retriangulations by coupling the opacity of the triangles to their shapes. This way, the surface shows a smoke-like look even in rather turbulent areas. Furthermore, we show modifications of the approach to mimic smoke nozzles, wool tufts, and time surfaces. The technique is applied to a number of test data sets. | false | false | [
"Wolfram von Funck",
"Tino Weinkauf",
"Holger Theisel",
"Hans-Peter Seidel"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Smooth Surface Extraction from Unstructured Point-based Volume Data Using PDEs | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.164 | Smooth surface extraction using partial differential equations (PDEs) is a well-known and widely used technique for visualizing volume data. Existing approaches operate on gridded data and mainly on regular structured grids. When considering unstructured point-based volume data where sample points do not form regular patterns nor are they connected in any form, one would typically resample the data over a grid prior to applying the known PDE-based methods. We propose an approach that directly extracts smooth surfaces from unstructured point-based volume data without prior resampling or mesh generation. When operating on unstructured data one needs to quickly derive neighborhood information. The respective information is retrieved by partitioning the 3D domain into cells using a fed-tree and operating on its cells. We exploit neighborhood information to estimate gradients and mean curvature at every sample point using a four-dimensional least-squares fitting approach. Gradients and mean curvature are required for applying the chosen PDE-based method that combines hyperbolic advection to an isovalue of a given scalar field and mean curvature flow. Since we are using an explicit time-integration scheme, time steps and neighbor locations are bounded to ensure convergence of the process. To avoid small global time steps, one can use asynchronous local integration. We extract a smooth surface by successively fitting a smooth auxiliary function to the data set. This auxiliary function is initialized as a signed distance function. For each sample and for every time step we compute the respective gradient, the mean curvature, and a stable time step. With these informations the auxiliary function is manipulated using an explicit Euler time integration. The process successively continues with the next sample point in time. If the norm of the auxiliary function gradient in a sample exceeds a given threshold at some time, the auxiliary function is reinitialized to a signed distance function. After convergence of the evolvution, the resulting smooth surface is obtained by extracting the zero isosurface from the auxiliary function using direct isosurface extraction from unstructured point-based volume data and rendering the extracted surface using point-based rendering methods. | false | false | [
"Paul Rosenthal",
"Lars Linsen"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Surface Extraction from Multi-field Particle Volume Data Using Multi-dimensional Cluster Visualization | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.167 | Data sets resulting from physical simulations typically contain a multitude of physical variables. It is, therefore, desirable that visualization methods take into account the entire multi-field volume data rather than concentrating on one variable. We present a visualization approach based on surface extraction from multi-field particle volume data. The surfaces segment the data with respect to the underlying multi-variate function. Decisions on segmentation properties are based on the analysis of the multi-dimensional feature space. The feature space exploration is performed by an automated multi-dimensional hierarchical clustering method, whose resulting density clusters are shown in the form of density level sets in a 3D star coordinate layout. In the star coordinate layout, the user can select clusters of interest. A selected cluster in feature space corresponds to a segmenting surface in object space. Based on the segmentation property induced by the cluster membership, we extract a surface from the volume data. Our driving applications are smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) simulations, where each particle carries multiple properties. The data sets are given in the form of unstructured point-based volume data. We directly extract our surfaces from such data without prior resampling or grid generation. The surface extraction computes individual points on the surface, which is supported by an efficient neighborhood computation. The extracted surface points are rendered using point-based rendering operations. Our approach combines methods in scientific visualization for object-space operations with methods in information visualization for feature-space operations. | false | false | [
"Lars Linsen",
"Tran Van Long",
"Paul Rosenthal",
"Stephan Rosswog"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Text Scaffolds for Effective Surface Labeling | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.168 | In this paper we introduce a technique for applying textual labels to 3D surfaces. An effective labeling must balance the conflicting goals of conveying the shape of the surface while being legible from a range of viewing directions. Shape can be conveyed by placing the text as a texture directly on the surface, providing shape cues, meaningful landmarks and minimally obstructing the rest of the model. But rendering such surface text is problematic both in regions of high curvature, where text would be warped, and in highly occluded regions, where it would be hidden. Our approach achieves both labeling goals by applying surface labels to a psilatext scaffoldpsila, a surface explicitly constructed to hold the labels. Text scaffolds conform to the underlying surface whenever possible, but can also float above problem regions, allowing them to be smooth while still conveying the overall shape. This paper provides methods for constructing scaffolds from a variety of input sources, including meshes, constructive solid geometry, and scalar fields. These sources are first mapped into a distance transform, which is then filtered and used to construct a new mesh on which labels are either manually or automatically placed. In the latter case, annotated regions of the input surface are associated with proximal regions on the new mesh, and labels placed using cartographic principles. | false | false | [
"Gregory Cipriano",
"Michael Gleicher"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Texture-based Transfer Functions for Direct Volume Rendering | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.169 | Visualization of volumetric data faces the difficult task of finding effective parameters for the transfer functions. Those parameters can determine the effectiveness and accuracy of the visualization. Frequently, volumetric data includes multiple structures and features that need to be differentiated. However, if those features have the same intensity and gradient values, existing transfer functions are limited at effectively illustrating those similar features with different rendering properties. We introduce texture-based transfer functions for direct volume rendering. In our approach, the voxelpsilas resulting opacity and color are based on local textural properties rather than individual intensity values. For example, if the intensity values of the vessels are similar to those on the boundary of the lungs, our texture-based transfer function will analyze the textural properties in those regions and color them differently even though they have the same intensity values in the volume. The use of texture-based transfer functions has several benefits. First, structures and features with the same intensity and gradient values can be automatically visualized with different rendering properties. Second, segmentation or prior knowledge of the specific features within the volume is not required for classifying these features differently. Third, textural metrics can be combined and/or maximized to capture and better differentiate similar structures. We demonstrate our texture-based transfer function for direct volume rendering with synthetic and real-world medical data to show the strength of our technique. | false | false | [
"Jesus J. Caban",
"Penny Rheingans"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | The Seismic Analyzer: Interpreting and Illustrating 2D Seismic Data | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.170 | We present a toolbox for quickly interpreting and illustrating 2D slices of seismic volumetric reflection data. Searching for oil and gas involves creating a structural overview of seismic reflection data to identify hydrocarbon reservoirs. We improve the search of seismic structures by precalculating the horizon structures of the seismic data prior to interpretation. We improve the annotation of seismic structures by applying novel illustrative rendering algorithms tailored to seismic data, such as deformed texturing and line and texture transfer functions. The illustrative rendering results in multi-attribute and scale invariant visualizations where features are represented clearly in both highly zoomed in and zoomed out views. Thumbnail views in combination with interactive appearance control allows for a quick overview of the data before detailed interpretation takes place. These techniques help reduce the work of seismic illustrators and interpreters. | false | false | [
"Daniel Patel",
"Christopher Giertsen",
"John Thurmond",
"John Gjelberg",
"M. Eduard Gröller"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Vectorized Radviz and Its Application to Multiple Cluster Datasets | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.173 | Radviz is a radial visualization with dimensions assigned to points called dimensional anchors (DAs) placed on the circumference of a circle. Records are assigned locations within the circle as a function of its relative attraction to each of the DAs. The DAs can be moved either interactively or algorithmically to reveal different meaningful patterns in the dataset. In this paper we describe Vectorized Radviz (VRV) which extends the number of dimensions through data flattening. We show how VRV increases the power of Radviz through these extra dimensions by enhancing the flexibility in the layout of the DAs. We apply VRV to the problem of analyzing the results of multiple clusterings of the same data set, called multiple cluster sets or cluster ensembles. We show how features of VRV help discern patterns across the multiple cluster sets. We use the Iris data set to explain VRV and a newt gene microarray data set used in studying limb regeneration to show its utility. We then discuss further applications of VRV. | false | false | [
"John Sharko",
"Georges G. Grinstein",
"Kenneth A. Marx"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | VisComplete: Automating Suggestions for Visualization Pipelines | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.174 | Building visualization and analysis pipelines is a large hurdle in the adoption of visualization and workflow systems by domain scientists. In this paper, we propose techniques to help users construct pipelines by consensus-automatically suggesting completions based on a database of previously created pipelines. In particular, we compute correspondences between existing pipeline subgraphs from the database, and use these to predict sets of likely pipeline additions to a given partial pipeline. By presenting these predictions in a carefully designed interface, users can create visualizations and other data products more efficiently because they can augment their normal work patterns with the suggested completions. We present an implementation of our technique in a publicly-available, open-source scientific workflow system and demonstrate efficiency gains in real-world situations. | false | false | [
"David Koop",
"Carlos Scheidegger",
"Steven P. Callahan",
"Juliana Freire",
"Cláudio T. Silva"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Visibility-driven Mesh Analysis and Visualization through Graph Cuts | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.176 | In this paper we present an algorithm that operates on a triangular mesh and classifies each face of a triangle as either inside or outside. We present three example applications of this core algorithm: normal orientation, inside removal, and layer-based visualization. The distinguishing feature of our algorithm is its robustness even if a difficult input model that includes holes, coplanar triangles, intersecting triangles, and lost connectivity is given. Our algorithm works with the original triangles of the input model and uses sampling to construct a visibility graph that is then segmented using graph cut. | false | false | [
"Kaichi Zhou",
"Eugene Zhang",
"Jirí Bittner",
"Peter Wonka"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Visiting the Gödel Universe | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.177 | Visualization of general relativity illustrates aspects of Einstein's insights into the curved nature of space and time to the expert as well as the layperson. One of the most interesting models which came up with Einstein's theory was developed by Kurt Godel in 1949. The Godel universe is a valid solution of Einstein's field equations, making it a possible physical description of our universe. It offers remarkable features like the existence of an optical horizon beyond which time travel is possible. Although we know that our universe is not a Godel universe, it is interesting to visualize physical aspects of a world model resulting from a theory which is highly confirmed in scientific history. Standard techniques to adopt an egocentric point of view in a relativistic world model have shortcomings with respect to the time needed to render an image as well as difficulties in applying a direct illumination model. In this paper we want to face both issues to reduce the gap between common visualization standards and relativistic visualization. We will introduce two techniques to speed up recalculation of images by means of preprocessing and lookup tables and to increase image quality through a special optimization applicable to the Godel universe. The first technique allows the physicist to understand the different effects of general relativity faster and better by generating images from existing datasets interactively. By using the intrinsic symmetries of Godel's spacetime which are expressed by the Killing vector field, we are able to reduce the necessary calculations to simple cases using the second technique. This even makes it feasible to account for a direct illumination model during the rendering process. Although the presented methods are applied to Godel's universe, they can also be extended to other manifolds, for example light propagation in moving dielectric media. Therefore, other areas of research can benefit from these generic improvements. | false | false | [
"Frank Grave",
"Michael Buser"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Visualization of Cellular and Microvascular Relationships | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.179 | Understanding the structure of microvasculature structures and their relationship to cells in biological tissue is an important and complex problem. Brain microvasculature in particular is known to play an important role in chronic diseases. However, these networks are only visible at the microscopic level and can span large volumes of tissue. Due to recent advances in microscopy, large volumes of data can be imaged at the resolution necessary to reconstruct these structures. Due to the dense and complex nature of microscopy data sets, it is important to limit the amount of information displayed. In this paper, we describe methods for encoding the unique structure of microvascular data, allowing researchers to selectively explore microvascular anatomy. We also identify the queries most useful to researchers studying microvascular and cellular relationships. By associating cellular structures with our microvascular framework, we allow researchers to explore interesting anatomical relationships in dense and complex data sets. | false | false | [
"David Mayerich",
"Louise C. Abbott",
"John Keyser"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Visualization of Myocardial Perfusion Derived from Coronary Anatomy | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.180 | Visually assessing the effect of the coronary artery anatomy on the perfusion of the heart muscle in patients with coronary artery disease remains a challenging task. We explore the feasibility of visualizing this effect on perfusion using a numerical approach. We perform a computational simulation of the way blood is perfused throughout the myocardium purely based on information from a three-dimensional anatomical tomographic scan. The results are subsequently visualized using both three-dimensional visualizations and bullpsilas eye plots, partially inspired by approaches currently common in medical practice. Our approach results in a comprehensive visualization of the coronary anatomy that compares well to visualizations commonly used for other scanning technologies. We demonstrate techniques giving detailed insight in blood supply, coronary territories and feeding coronary arteries of a selected region. We demonstrate the advantages of our approach through visualizations that show information which commonly cannot be directly observed in scanning data, such as a separate visualization of the supply from each coronary artery. We thus show that the results of a computational simulation can be effectively visualized and facilitate visually correlating these results to for example perfusion data. | false | false | [
"Maurice Termeer",
"Javier Oliván Bescós",
"Marcel Breeuwer",
"Anna Vilanova",
"Frans A. Gerritsen",
"M. Eduard Gröller",
"Eike Nagel"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Visualizing Multiwavelength Astrophysical Data | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.182 | With recent advances in the measurement technology for allsky astrophysical imaging, our view of the sky is no longer limited to the tiny visible spectral range over the 2D Celestial sphere. We now can access a third dimension corresponding to a broad electromagnetic spectrum with a wide range of allsky surveys; these surveys span frequency bands including long long wavelength radio, microwaves, very short X-rays, and gamma rays. These advances motivate us to study and examine multiwavelength visualization techniques to maximize our capabilities to visualize and exploit these informative image data sets. In this work, we begin with the processing of the data themselves, uniformizing the representations and units of raw data obtained from varied detector sources. Then we apply tools to map, convert, color-code, and format the multiwavelength data in forms useful for applications. We explore different visual representations for displaying the data, including such methods as textured image stacks, the horseshoe representation, and GPU-based volume visualization. A family of visual tools and analysis methods are introduced to explore the data, including interactive data mapping on the graphics processing unit (GPU), the mini-map explorer, and GPU-based interactive feature analysis. | false | false | [
"Hongwei Li",
"Chi-Wing Fu",
"Andrew J. Hanson"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Visualizing Particle/Flow Structure Interactions in the Small Bronchial Tubes | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.183 | Particle deposition in the small bronchial tubes (generations six through twelve) is strongly influenced by the vortex-dominated secondary flows that are induced by axial curvature of the tubes. In this paper, we employ particle destination maps in conjunction with two-dimensional, finite-time Lyapunov exponent maps to illustrate how the trajectories of finite-mass particles are influenced by the presence of vortices. We consider two three-generation bronchial tube models: a planar, asymmetric geometry and a non-planar, asymmetric geometry. Our visualizations demonstrate that these techniques, coupled with judiciously seeded particle trajectories, are effective tools for studying particle/flow structure interactions. | false | false | [
"Bela Soni",
"David S. Thompson",
"Raghu Machiraju"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Visualizing Temporal Patterns in Large Multivariate Data using Textual Pattern Matching | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.184 | Extracting and visualizing temporal patterns in large scientific data is an open problem in visualization research. First, there are few proven methods to flexibly and concisely define general temporal patterns for visualization. Second, with large time-dependent data sets, as typical with todaypsilas large-scale simulations, scalable and general solutions for handling the data are still not widely available. In this work, we have developed a textual pattern matching approach for specifying and identifying general temporal patterns. Besides defining the formalism of the language, we also provide a working implementation with sufficient efficiency and scalability to handle large data sets. Using recent large-scale simulation data from multiple application domains, we demonstrate that our visualization approach is one of the first to empower a concept driven exploration of large-scale time-varying multivariate data. | false | false | [
"Markus Glatter",
"Jian Huang 0007",
"Sean Ahern",
"Jamison Daniel",
"Aidong Lu"
] | [] | [] | [] |
Vis | 2,008 | Volume MLS Ray Casting | 10.1109/TVCG.2008.186 | The method of Moving Least Squares (MLS) is a popular framework for reconstructing continuous functions from scattered data due to its rich mathematical properties and well-understood theoretical foundations. This paper applies MLS to volume rendering, providing a unified mathematical framework for ray casting of scalar data stored over regular as well as irregular grids. We use the MLS reconstruction to render smooth isosurfaces and to compute accurate derivatives for high-quality shading effects. We also present a novel, adaptive preintegration scheme to improve the efficiency of the ray casting algorithm by reducing the overall number of function evaluations, and an efficient implementation of our framework exploiting modern graphics hardware. The resulting system enables high-quality volume integration and shaded isosurface rendering for regular and irregular volume data. | false | false | [
"Christian Ledergerber",
"Gaël Guennebaud",
"Miriah D. Meyer",
"Moritz Bächer",
"Hanspeter Pfister"
] | [] | [] | [] |
VAST | 2,008 | A 3D treemap approach for analyzing the classificatory distribution in patent portfolios | 10.1109/VAST.2008.4677380 | Due to the complexity of the patent domain and the huge amount of data, advanced interactive visual techniques are needed to support the analysis of large patent collections and portfolios. In this paper we present a new approach for visualizing the classificatory distribution of patent collections among the International Patent Classification (IPC) - todaypsilas most important internationally agreed patent classification system with about 70.000 categories. Our approach is based on an interactive three-dimensional treemap overlaid with adjacency edge bundles. | false | false | [
"Mark Giereth",
"Harald Bosch",
"Thomas Ertl"
] | [] | [] | [] |
VAST | 2,008 | A compound approach for interactive visualization of time-oriented data | 10.1109/VAST.2008.4677374 | Many real-world visual analytics applications involve time-oriented data. I am working in a research project related to this challenge where I am responsible for the interactive visualization part. My goal are interactive visualizations to explore such time-oriented data according to the user tasks while considering the structure of time. Time is composed of many granularities that are likely to have crucial influence on the formation of the data. The challenge is to integrate the granularities into a detailed compound view on the data, like the compound eye of insects integrates many images into one view. Other members of our team are experts in temporal data mining and user centered design. The goal is to combine our research topics to an integrated system that helps domain experts to get more insight from their time-oriented data. | false | false | [
"Tim Lammarsch"
] | [] | [] | [] |
VAST | 2,008 | An information visualisation system for the understanding of web data | 10.1109/VAST.2008.4677377 | Internet has become one of the best communication and marketing tools. Hence, designing well-structured Web sites with the information or products that users look for is a crucial mission. For this reason, understanding Web data is a decisive task to assure the success of a Website. In that sense, data mining techniques provide many metrics and statistics useful to automatically discover the structure, contents and usage of a site. This research aims at proving the usefulness of a set of information visualisation techniques in order to analyse Web data, using a visual Web mining tool that allows the combination, coordination and exploration of visualisations to get insight on Web data. The tool, named WET, provides a set of visual metaphors that represent the structure of the Websites where Web metrics are overlaid. | false | false | [
"Victor Pascual-Cid"
] | [] | [] | [] |
VAST | 2,008 | Applied visual analytics for economic decision-making | 10.1109/VAST.2008.4677363 | This paper introduces the application of visual analytics techniques as a novel approach for improving economic decision making. Particularly, we focus on two known problems where subjectspsila behavior consistently deviates from the optimal, the Winnerpsilas and Loserpsilas Curse. According to economists, subjects fail to recognize the profit-maximizing decision strategy in both the Winnerpsilas and Loserpsilas curse because they are unable to properly consider all the available information. As such, we have created a visual analytics tool to aid subjects in decision making under the Acquiring a Company framework common in many economic experiments. We demonstrate the added value of visual analytics in the decision making process through a series of user studies comparing standard visualization methods with interactive visual analytics techniques. Our work presents not only a basis for development and evaluation of economic visual analytic research, but also empirical evidence demonstrating the added value of applying visual analytics to general decision making tasks. | false | false | [
"Anya Samak",
"Ross Maciejewski",
"David S. Ebert"
] | [] | [] | [] |
VAST | 2,008 | Award: Efficient toolkit integration solving the cell phone calls challenge with the Prajna Project | 10.1109/VAST.2008.4677396 | The Prajna Project is a Java toolkit designed to provide various capabilities for visualization, knowledge representation, geographic displays, semantic reasoning, and data fusion. Rather than attempt to recreate the significant capabilities provided in other tools, Prajna instead provides software bridges to incorporate other toolkits where appropriate. This challenge required the development of a custom application for visual analysis. By applying the utilities within the Prajna project, I developed a robust and diverse set of capabilities to solve the analytical challenge. | false | false | [
"Edward Swing"
] | [] | [] | [] |
VAST | 2,008 | Cell phone mini challenge award: Intuitive social network graphs visual analytics of cell phone data using mobivis and ontovis | 10.1109/VAST.2008.4677391 | MobiVis is a visual analytics tools to aid in the process of processing and understanding complex relational data, such as social networks. At the core of these tools is the ability to filter complex networks structurally and semantically, which helps us discover clusters and patterns in the organization of social networks. Semantic filtering is obtained via an ontology graph, based on another visual analytics tool, called OntoVis. In this summary, we describe how these tools where used to analyze one of the mini-challenges of the 2008 VAST challenge. | false | false | [
"Carlos D. Correa",
"Tarik Crnovrsanin",
"Chris Muelder",
"Zeqian Shen",
"Ryan Armstrong",
"James Shearer",
"Kwan-Liu Ma"
] | [] | [] | [] |
VAST | 2,008 | Cell phone mini challenge award: Social network accuracy - exploring temporal communication in mobile call graphs | 10.1109/VAST.2008.4677389 | In the mobile call mini challenge of VAST 2008 contest, we explored the temporal communication patterns of Catalano/Vidro social network which is reflected in the mobile call data. We focus on detecting the hierarchy of the social network and try to get the important actors in it. We present our tools and methods in this summary. By using the visual analytic approaches, we can find out not only the temporal communication patterns in the social network but also the hierarchy of it. | false | false | [
"Qi Ye",
"Tian Zhu 0001",
"Deyong Hu",
"Bin Wu 0001",
"Nan Du",
"Bai Wang 0001"
] | [] | [] | [] |
VAST | 2,008 | Cell phone Mini Challenge: Node-link animation award animating multivariate dynamic social networks | 10.1109/VAST.2008.4677393 | This article describes the visualization tool developed for analysing a dynamic social network of phone calls, for the VAST 2008 mini challenge. The tool was designed to highlight temporal changes in the network, by animating different network visual representations. We also explain how animating these network representations, helped to identify key events in the mini challenge problem scenario. Finally, we make some suggestions for future research and development in the area. | false | false | [
"Michael Farrugia",
"Aaron J. Quigley"
] | [] | [] | [] |
VAST | 2,008 | Characterizing users' visual analytic activity for insight provenance | 10.1109/VAST.2008.4677365 | Insight provenance - a historical record of the process and rationale by which an insight is derived - is an essential requirement in many visual analytics applications. While work in this area has relied on either manually recorded provenance (e.g., user notes) or automatically recorded event-based insight provenance (e.g., clicks, drags, and key-presses), both approaches have fundamental limitations. Our aim is to develop a new approach that combines the benefits of both approaches while avoiding their deficiencies. Toward this goal, we characterize userspsila visual analytic activity at multiple levels of granularity. Moreover, we identify a critical level of abstraction, Actions, that can be used to represent visual analytic activity with a set of general but semantically meaningful behavior types. In turn, the action types can be used as the semantic building blocks for insight provenance. We present a catalog of common actions identified through observations of several different visual analytic systems. In addition, we define a taxonomy to categorize actions into three major classes based on their semantic intent. The concept of actions has been integrated into our labpsilas prototype visual analytic system, HARVEST, as the basis for its insight provenance capabilities. | false | false | [
"David Gotz",
"Michelle X. Zhou"
] | [] | [] | [] |
VAST | 2,008 | Collaborative synthesis of visual analytic results | 10.1109/VAST.2008.4677358 | Visual analytic tools allow analysts to generate large collections of useful analytical results. We anticipate that analysts in most real world situations will draw from these collections when working together to solve complicated problems. This indicates a need to understand how users synthesize multiple collections of results. This paper reports the results of collaborative synthesis experiments conducted with expert geographers and disease biologists. Ten participants were worked in pairs to complete a simulated real-world synthesis task using artifacts printed on cards on a large, paper-covered workspace. Experiment results indicate that groups use a number of different approaches to collaborative synthesis, and that they employ a variety of organizational metaphors to structure their information. It is further evident that establishing common ground and role assignment are critical aspects of collaborative synthesis. We conclude with a set of general design guidelines for collaborative synthesis support tools. | false | false | [
"Anthony C. Robinson"
] | [] | [] | [] |
VAST | 2,008 | Configurable Spaces: Temporal analysis in diagrammatic contexts | 10.1109/VAST.2008.4677355 | Social network graphs, concept maps, and process charts are examples of diagrammatic representations employed by intelligence analysts to understand complex systems. Unfortunately, these 2D representations currently do not easily convey the flow, sequence, tempo and other important dynamic behaviors within these systems. In this paper we present Configurable Spaces, a novel analytical method for visualizing patterns of activity over time in complex diagrammatically- represented systems. Configurable Spaces extends GeoTime's X, Y, T coordinate workspace space for temporal analysis to any arbitrary diagrammatic work space by replacing a geographic map with a diagram. This paper traces progress from concept to prototype, and discusses how diagrams can be created, transformed and leveraged for analysis, including generating diagrams from knowledge bases, visualizing temporal concept maps, and the use of linked diagrams for exploring complex, multi-dimensional, sequences of events. An evaluation of the prototype by the National Institute of Standards and Technology showed intelligence analysts believed they were able to attain an increased level of insight, were able to explore data more efficiently, and that Configurable Spaces would help them work faster. | false | false | [
"Thomas Kapler",
"Ryan Eccles",
"Robert Harper 0002",
"William Wright"
] | [] | [] | [] |
VAST | 2,008 | Crystal structures classifier for an evolutionary algorithm structure predictor | 10.1109/VAST.2008.4677351 | USPEX is a crystal structure predictor based on an evolutionary algorithm. Every USPEX run produces hundreds or thousands of crystal structures, some of which may be identical. To ease the extraction of unique and potentially interesting structures we applied usual high-dimensional classification concepts to the unusual field of crystallography. We experimented with various crystal structure descriptors, distinct distance measures and tried different clustering methods to identify groups of similar structures. These methods are already applied in combinatorial chemistry to organic molecules for a different goal and in somewhat different forms, but are not widely used for crystal structures classification. We adopted a visual design and validation method in the development of a library (CrystalFp) and an end-user application to select and validate method choices, to gain userspsila acceptance and to tap into their domain expertise. The use of the classifier has already accelerated the analysis of USPEX output by at least one order of magnitude, promoting some new crystallographic insight and discovery. Furthermore the visual display of key algorithm indicators has led to diverse, unexpected discoveries that will improve the USPEX algorithms. | false | false | [
"Mario Valle",
"Artem R. Oganov"
] | [] | [] | [] |
VAST | 2,008 | Entity-based collaboration tools for intelligence analysis | 10.1109/VAST.2008.4677362 | Software tools that make it easier for analysts to collaborate as a natural part of their work will lead to better analysis that is informed by more perspectives. We are interested to know if software tools can be designed that support collaboration even as they allow analysts to find documents and organize information (including evidence, schemas, and hypotheses). We have modified the Entity Workspace system, described previously, to test such designs. We have evaluated the resulting design in both a laboratory study and a study where it is situated with an analysis team. In both cases, effects on collaboration appear to be positive. Key aspects of the design include an evidence notebook optimized for organizing entities (rather than text characters), information structures that can be collapsed and expanded, visualization of evidence that emphasizes events and documents (rather than emphasizing the entity graph), and a notification system that finds entities of mutual interest to multiple analysts. | false | false | [
"Eric A. Bier",
"Stuart K. Card",
"John W. Bodnar"
] | [
"BP"
] | [] | [] |
VAST | 2,008 | Envisioning user models for adaptive visualization | 10.1109/VAST.2008.4677373 | Adaptive search systems apply user models to provide better separation of relevant and non-relevant documents in a list of results. This paper presents our attempt to leverage this ability of user models in the context of visual information analysis. We developed an adaptive visualization approach for presentation and exploration of search results. We simulated a visual intelligence search/analysis scenario with log data extracted from an adaptive information foraging study and were able to verify that our method can improve the ability of traditional relevance visualization to separate relevant and irrelevant information. | false | false | [
"Jae-wook Ahn",
"Peter Brusilovsky"
] | [] | [] | [] |
VAST | 2,008 | Evacuation trace Mini Challenge award: Tool integration analysis of movements with Geospatial Visual Analytics Toolkit | 10.1109/VAST.2008.4677388 | The Geospatial Visual Analytics Toolkit intended for exploratory analysis of spatial and spatio-temporal data has been recently enriched with specific visual and computational techniques supporting analysis of data about movement. We applied these and other techniques to the data and tasks of Mini Challenge 4, where it was necessary to analyze tracks of moving people.CR Categories and Subject Descriptors: H.1.2 [User/Machine Systems]: Human information processing - Visual Analytics; 1.6.9 [Visualization]: information visualization. | false | false | [
"Natalia V. Andrienko",
"Gennady L. Andrienko"
] | [] | [] | [] |
VAST | 2,008 | Evacuation Traces Mini Challenge award: Innovative trace visualization staining for information discovery | 10.1109/VAST.2008.4677395 | Staining is a technique for categorizing time-varying spatial data; that is, data of things moving through space over time. In Staining, a stain is applied in either time or space, and the objects which move through the stain become marked. This technique and a research prototype demonstrating the technique were developed in response to the VAST 2008 Contest Mini-challenge: Evacuation Traces. | false | false | [
"Dennis J. Bouvier",
"Britian Oates"
] | [] | [] | [] |
VAST | 2,008 | Evacuation traces mini challenge: User testing to obtain consensus discovering the terrorist | 10.1109/VAST.2008.4677390 | The adoption of visual analytics methodologies in security applications is an approach that could lead to interesting results. Usually, the data that has to be analyzed finds in a graphical representation its preferred nature, such as spatial or temporal relationships. Due to the nature of these applications, it is very important that key-details are made easy to identify. In the context of the VAST 2008 Challenge, we developed a visualization tool that graphically displays the movement of 82 employees of the Miami Department of Health (USA). We also asked 13 users to identify potential suspects and observe what happened during an evacuation of the building caused by an explosion. In this paper we explain the results of the user testing we conducted and how the users interpreted the event taken into account. | false | false | [
"Adalberto L. Simeone",
"Paolo Buono"
] | [] | [] | [] |
VAST | 2,008 | Evaluating the relationship between user interaction and financial visual analysis | 10.1109/VAST.2008.4677360 | It has been widely accepted that interactive visualization techniques enable users to more effectively form hypotheses and identify areas for more detailed investigation. There have been numerous empirical user studies testing the effectiveness of specific visual analytical tools. However, there has been limited effort in connecting a userpsilas interaction with his reasoning for the purpose of extracting the relationship between the two. In this paper, we present an approach for capturing and analyzing user interactions in a financial visual analytical tool and describe an exploratory user study that examines these interaction strategies. To achieve this goal, we created two visual tools to analyze raw interaction data captured during the user session. The results of this study demonstrate one possible strategy for understanding the relationship between interaction and reasoning both operationally and strategically. | false | false | [
"Dong Hyun Jeong",
"Wenwen Dou",
"Heather Lipford",
"Felesia Stukes",
"Remco Chang",
"William Ribarsky"
] | [] | [] | [] |
VAST | 2,008 | Generating hypotheses of trends in high-dimensional data skeletons | 10.1109/VAST.2008.4677367 | We seek an information-revealing representation for high-dimensional data distributions that may contain local trends in certain subspaces. Examples are data that have continuous support in simple shapes with identifiable branches. Such data can be represented by a graph that consists of segments of locally fit principal curves or surfaces summarizing each identifiable branch. We describe a new algorithm to find the optimal paths through such a principal graph. The paths are optimal in the sense that they represent the longest smooth trends through the data set, and jointly they cover the data set entirely with minimum overlap. The algorithm is suitable for hypothesizing trends in high-dimensional data, and can assist exploratory data analysis and visualization. | false | false | [
"Chandan K. Reddy",
"Snehal Pokharkar",
"Tin Kam Ho"
] | [] | [] | [] |
VAST | 2,008 | Grand challenge award 2008: Support for diverse analytic techniques - nSpace2 and GeoTime visual analytics | 10.1109/VAST.2008.4677385 | GeoTime and nSpace2 are interactive visual analytics tools that were used to examine and interpret all four of the 2008 VAST Challenge datasets. GeoTime excels in visualizing event patterns in time and space, or in time and any abstract landscape, while nSpace2 is a web-based analytical tool designed to support every step of the analytical process. nSpace2 is an integrating analytic environment. This paper highlights the VAST analytical experience with these tools that contributed to the success of these tools and this team for the third consecutive year. | false | false | [
"Lynn Chien",
"Annie Tat",
"Pascale Proulx",
"Adeel Khamisa",
"William Wright"
] | [] | [] | [] |
VAST | 2,008 | Grand challenge award: Data integration visualization and collaboration in the VAST 2008 Challenge | 10.1109/VAST.2008.4677384 | The VAST 2008 Challenge consisted of four heterogeneous synthetic data sets each organized into separate mini-challenges. The Grand Challenge required integrating the raw data from these four data sets as well as integrating results and findings from team members working on specific mini-challenges. Modeling the problem with a semantic network provided a means for integrating both the raw data and the subjective findings. | false | false | [
"Donald A. Pellegrino",
"Chi-Chun Pan",
"Anthony C. Robinson",
"Michael Stryker",
"Junyan Luo",
"Chris E. Weaver",
"Prasenjit Mitra",
"Chaomei Chen",
"Ian Turton",
"Alan M. MacEachren"
] | [] | [] | [] |
VAST | 2,008 | Grand challenge award: Interactive visual analytics palantir: The future of analysis | 10.1109/VAST.2008.4677386 | Palantir is a world-class analytic platform used worldwide by governmental and financial analysts. This paper provides an introduction to the platform contextualized by its application to the 2008 IEEE VAST contest. In this challenge, we explored a notional dataset about a fabricated religious movement, Catalanopsilas Paraiso Manifesto Movement. | false | false | [
"Jason Payne",
"Jake Solomon",
"Ravi Sankar",
"Bob McGrew"
] | [] | [] | [] |
VAST | 2,008 | Interactive poster - SocialRank: An ego- and time-centric workflow for relationship identification | 10.1109/VAST.2008.4677375 | From instant messaging and email to wikis and blogs, millions of individuals are generating content that reflects their relationships with others in the world, both online and offline. Since communication artifacts are recordings of life events, we can gain insights into the social attributes and structures of the people within this communication history. In this paper, we describe SocialRank, an ego- and time-centric workflow for identifying social relationships in an email corpus. This workflow includes four high-level tasks: discovery, validation, annotation and dissemination. SocialRank combines relationship ranking algorithms with timeline, social network diagram, and multidimensional scaling visualization techniques to support these tasks. | false | false | [
"Jaime Montemayor",
"Christopher P. Diehl",
"Michael J. Pekala",
"David Patrone"
] | [] | [] | [] |
VAST | 2,008 | Interactive poster: Visual analytic techniques for CO₂ emissions and concentrations in the United States | 10.1109/VAST.2008.4677372 | Climate change has emerged as one of the grand global challenges facing humanity. The dominant anthropogenic greenhouse gas that seems to be contributing to the climate change problem, carbon dioxide (CO2), has a complex cycle through the atmosphere, oceans and biosphere. The combustion of fossil fuels (power production, transportation, etc.) remains the largest source of anthropogenic CO2 to the Earthpsilas atmosphere. Up until very recently, the quantification of fossil fuel CO2 was understood only at coarse space and time scales. A recent research effort has greatly improved this space/time quantification resulting in source data at a resolution of less than 10 km2/hr at the surface of North America. By providing visual tools to examine this new, high resolution CO2 data, we can better understand the way that CO2 is transmitted within the atmosphere and how it is exchanged with other components of the Earth System. We have developed interactive visual analytic tools, which allows for easy data manipulation, analysis, and extraction. The visualization system is aimed for a wide range of users which include researchers and political leaders. The goal is to help assist these people in analyzing data and enabling new policy options in mitigation of fossil fuel CO2 emissions in the U.S. | false | false | [
"Nathan Andrysco",
"Bedrich Benes",
"Kevin R. Gurney"
] | [] | [] | [] |
VAST | 2,008 | Interactive poster: Visual data mining of unevenly-spaced event sequences | 10.1109/VAST.2008.4677379 | We present a process for the exploration and analysis of large databases of events. A typical database is characterized by the sequential actions of a number of individual entities. These entities can be compared by their similarities in sequence and changes in sequence over time. The correlation of two sequences can provide important clues as to the possibility of a connection between the responsible entities, but an analyst might not be able to specify the type of connection sought prior to examination. Our process incorporates extensive automated calculation and data mining but permits diversity of analysis by providing visualization of results at multiple levels, taking advantage of human intuition and visual processing to generate avenues of inquiry. | false | false | [
"Alex Godwin",
"Remco Chang",
"Robert Kosara",
"William Ribarsky"
] | [] | [] | [] |
VAST | 2,008 | Maintaining interactivity while exploring massive time series | 10.1109/VAST.2008.4677357 | The speed of data retrieval qualitatively affects how analysts visually explore and analyze their data. To ensure smooth interactions in massive time series datasets, one needs to address the challenges of computing <i>ad</i> <i>hoc</i> queries, distributing query load, and hiding system latency. In this paper, we present ATLAS, a visualization tool for temporal data that addresses these issues using a combination of high performance database technology, predictive caching, and level of detail management. We demonstrate ATLAS using commodity hardware on a network traffic dataset of more than a billion records. | false | false | [
"Sye-Min Chan",
"Ling Xiao",
"John Gerth",
"Pat Hanrahan"
] | [] | [] | [] |
VAST | 2,008 | Migrant boat mini challenge award: Analysis summary a geo-temporal analysis of the migrant boat dataset | 10.1109/VAST.2008.4677394 | The SPADAC team used various visual analytics tools and methods to find geo-temporal patterns of migration from a Caribbean island from 2005-2007. In this paper, we describe the tools and methods used in the analysis. These methods included generating temporal variograms, dendrograms, and proportionally weighted migration maps, using tools such as the R statistical software package and Signature Analysttrade. We found that there is a significant positive space-time correlation with the boat encounters (especially the landings), with a migratory shift further away from the point of departure over time. | false | false | [
"Benjamin Holland",
"Lisa Kuchy",
"Jason Dalton"
] | [] | [] | [] |
VAST | 2,008 | Migrant boat mini challenge award: Simple and effective integrated display geo-temporal analysis of migrant boats | 10.1109/VAST.2008.4677387 | We provide a description of the tools and techniques used in our analysis of the VAST 2008 Challenge dealing with mass movement of persons departing Isla Del Sue.no on boats for the United States during 2005-2007. We used visual analytics to explore migration patterns, characterize the choice and evolution of landing sites, characterize the geographical patterns of interdictions and determine the successful landing rate. Our ComVis tool, in connection with some helper applications and Google Earth, allowed us to explore geo-temporal characteristics of the data set and answer the challenge questions. The ComVis project file captures the visual analysis context and facilitates better collaboration among team members. | false | false | [
"Ranko Miklin",
"Tomislav Lipic",
"Zoltan Konyha",
"Mario Beric",
"Wolfgang Freiler",
"Kresimir Matkovic",
"Denis Gracanin"
] | [] | [] | [] |
VAST | 2,008 | Model-driven Visual Analytics | 10.1109/VAST.2008.4677352 | We describe a visual analytics (VA) infrastructure, rooted on techniques in machine learning and logic-based deductive reasoning that will assist analysts to make sense of large, complex data sets by facilitating the generation and validation of models representing relationships in the data. We use logic programming (LP) as the underlying computing machinery to encode the relations as rules and facts and compute with them. A unique aspect of our approach is that the LP rules are automatically learned, using Inductive Logic Programming, from examples of data that the analyst deems interesting when viewing the data in the high-dimensional visualization interface. Using this system, analysts will be able to construct models of arbitrary relationships in the data, explore the data for scenarios that fit the model, refine the model if necessary, and query the model to automatically analyze incoming (future) data exhibiting the encoded relationships. In other words it will support both model-driven data exploration, as well as data-driven model evolution. More importantly, by basing the construction of models on techniques from machine learning and logic-based deduction, the VA process will be both flexible in terms of modeling arbitrary, user-driven relationships in the data as well as readily scale across different data domains. | false | false | [
"Supriya Garg",
"Julia Eunju Nam",
"I. V. Ramakrishnan",
"Klaus Mueller 0001"
] | [] | [] | [] |
VAST | 2,008 | Multidimensional visual analysis using cross-filtered views | 10.1109/VAST.2008.4677370 | Analysis of multidimensional data often requires careful examination of relationships across dimensions. Coordinated multiple view approaches have become commonplace in visual analysis tools because they directly support expression of complex multidimensional queries using simple interactions. However, generating such tools remains difficult because of the need to map domain-specific data structures and semantics into the idiosyncratic combinations of interdependent data and visual abstractions needed to reveal particular patterns and distributions in cross-dimensional relationships. This paper describes: (1) a method for interactively expressing sequences of multidimensional set queries by cross-filtering data values across pairs of views, and (2) design strategies for constructing coordinated multiple view interfaces for cross-filtered visual analysis of multidimensional data sets. Using examples of cross-filtered visualizations of data from several different domains, we describe how cross-filtering can be modularized and reused across designs, flexibly customized with respect to data types across multiple dimensions, and incorporated into more wide-ranging multiple view designs. The demonstrated analytic utility of these examples suggest that cross-filtering is a suitable design pattern for instantiation in a wide variety of visual analysis tools. | false | false | [
"Chris E. Weaver"
] | [] | [] | [] |
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