chakra-ui/apps/www/content/docs/theming/tokens.mdx

---
title: Tokens
description: Managing design decisions in your app using tokens.
---

## Overview

Design tokens are the platform-agnostic way to manage design decisions in your
application or website. It is a collection of attributes that describe any
fundamental/atomic visual style. Each attribute is a key-value pair.

> Design tokens in Chakra are largely influenced by the
> [W3C Token Format](https://tr.designtokens.org/format/).

A design token consists of the following properties:

- `value`: The value of the token. This can be any valid CSS value.
- `description`: An optional description of what the token can be used for.

## Defining Tokens

Tokens are defined in the under the `theme` key in your system config.

```ts title="theme.ts"
import { createSystem, defaultConfig, defineConfig } from "@chakra-ui/react"

const config = defineConfig({
  theme: {
    tokens: {
      colors: {
        primary: { value: "#0FEE0F" },
        secondary: { value: "#EE0F0F" },
      },
      fonts: {
        body: { value: "system-ui, sans-serif" },
      },
    },
  },
})

export const system = createSystem(defaultConfig, config)
```

:::warning

> Token values need to be nested in an object with a `value` key. This is to
> allow for additional properties like `description` and more in the future.

:::

## Using Tokens

After defining tokens, we recommend using the Chakra CLI to generate theme
typings for your tokens.

```bash
npx @chakra-ui/cli typegen ./src/theme.ts
```

This will provide autocompletion for your tokens in your editor.

```tsx
<Box color="primary" fontFamily="body">
  Hello World
</Box>
```

### Token reference syntax

Chakra UI enables you to reference design tokens within composite values for CSS
properties like `border`, `padding`, and `box-shadow`.  
This is achieved through the token reference syntax: `{path.to.token}`.

:::note

It is important to use the complete token path; for example, instead of using
`red.300`, you must reference it as `colors.red.300`.

:::

Here’s an example where token reference syntax is applied to both the border and
p (padding) props:

```tsx
<Box
  border="1px solid {colors.red.300}"
  p="{spacing.4} {spacing.6} {spacing.8} {spacing.10}"
  boxShadow="{spacing.4} {spacing.2} {spacing.2} {colors.red.300}"
/>
```

## Token Nesting

Tokens can be nested to create a hierarchy of tokens. This is useful when you
want to group related tokens together.

:::info

Use the `DEFAULT` key to define the default value of a nested token.

:::

```ts title="theme.ts"
import { createSystem, defaultConfig, defineConfig } from "@chakra-ui/react"

const config = defineConfig({
  theme: {
    tokens: {
      colors: {
        red: {
          DEFAULT: { value: "#EE0F0F" },
          100: { value: "#EE0F0F" },
        },
      },
    },
  },
})

export default createSystem(defaultConfig, config)
```

```tsx
<Box
  // 👇🏻 This will use the `DEFAULT` value
  bg="red"
  color="red.100"
>
  Hello World
</Box>
```

## Token Types

### Colors

Colors have meaning and support the purpose of the content, communicating things
like hierarchy of information, and states. It is mostly defined as a string
value or reference to other tokens.

```tsx title="theme.ts"
import { defineTokens } from "@chakra-ui/react"

const tokens = defineTokens({
  colors: {
    red: {
      100: { value: "#fff1f0" },
    },
  },
})

export default createSystem({
  theme: { tokens },
})
```

### Gradients

Gradient tokens represent a smooth transition between two or more colors. Its
value can be defined as a string or a composite value.

```tsx title="theme.ts"
import { defineTokens } from "@chakra-ui/react"

const tokens = defineTokens({
  gradients: {
    // string value
    simple: { value: "linear-gradient(to right, red, blue)" },

    // composite value
    primary: {
      value: { type: "linear", placement: "to right", stops: ["red", "blue"] },
    },
  },
})

export default createSystem({
  theme: { tokens },
})
```

### Sizes

Size tokens represent the width and height of an element. Its value is defined
as a string.

```tsx title="theme.ts"
import { defineTokens } from "@chakra-ui/react"

const tokens = defineTokens({
  sizes: {
    sm: { value: "12px" },
  },
})

export default createSystem({
  theme: { tokens },
})
```

> Size tokens are typically used in `width`, `height`, `minWidth`, `maxWidth`,
> `minHeight`, `maxHeight` properties.

### Spacing

Spacing tokens represent the margin and padding of an element. Its value is
defined as a string.

```tsx title="theme.ts"
import { defineTokens } from "@chakra-ui/react"

const tokens = defineTokens({
  spacing: {
    gutter: { value: "12px" },
  },
})

export default createSystem({
  theme: { tokens },
})
```

> Spacing tokens are typically used in `margin`, `padding`, `gap`, and
> `{top,right,bottom,left}` properties.

### Fonts

Font tokens represent the font family of a text element. Its value is defined as
a string or an array of strings.

```tsx title="theme.ts"
import { defineTokens } from "@chakra-ui/react"

const tokens = defineTokens({
  fonts: {
    body: { value: "Inter, sans-serif" },
    heading: { value: ["Roboto Mono", "sans-serif"] },
  },
})

export default createSystem({
  theme: { tokens },
})
```

> Font tokens are typically used in `font-family` property.

### Font Sizes

Font size tokens represent the size of a text element. Its value is defined as a
string.

```tsx title="theme.ts"
import { defineTokens } from "@chakra-ui/react"

const tokens = defineTokens({
  fontSizes: {
    sm: { value: "12px" },
  },
})

export default createSystem({
  theme: { tokens },
})
```

> Font size tokens are typically used in `font-size` property.

### Font Weights

Font weight tokens represent the weight of a text element. Its value is defined
as a string.

```tsx title="theme.ts"
import { defineTokens } from "@chakra-ui/react"

const tokens = defineTokens({
  fontWeights: {
    bold: { value: "700" },
  },
})

export default createSystem({
  theme: { tokens },
})
```

> Font weight tokens are typically used in `font-weight` property.

### Letter Spacings

Letter spacing tokens represent the spacing between letters in a text element.
Its value is defined as a string.

```tsx
const tokens = defineTokens({
  letterSpacings: {
    wide: { value: "0.1em" },
  },
})

export default createSystem({
  theme: { tokens },
})
```

> Letter spacing tokens are typically used in `letter-spacing` property.

### Line Heights

Line height tokens represent the height of a line of text. Its value is defined
as a string.

```tsx title="theme.ts"
import { defineTokens } from "@chakra-ui/react"

const tokens = defineTokens({
  lineHeights: {
    normal: { value: "1.5" },
  },
})

export default createSystem({
  theme: { tokens },
})
```

> Line height tokens are typically used in `line-height` property.

### Radii

Radii tokens represent the radius of a border. Its value is defined as a string.

```tsx title="theme.ts"
import { defineTokens } from "@chakra-ui/react"

const tokens = defineTokens({
  radii: {
    sm: { value: "4px" },
  },
})

export default createSystem({
  theme: { tokens },
})
```

> Radii tokens are typically used in `border-radius` property.

### Borders

A border is a line surrounding a UI element. You can define them as string
values or as a composite value

```tsx title="theme.ts"
import { defineTokens } from "@chakra-ui/react"

const tokens = defineTokens({
  borders: {
    // string value
    subtle: { value: "1px solid red" },
    // string value with reference to color token
    danger: { value: "1px solid {colors.red.400}" },
    // composite value
    accent: { value: { width: "1px", color: "red", style: "solid" } },
  },
})

export default createSystem({
  theme: { tokens },
})
```

> Border tokens are typically used in `border`, `border-top`, `border-right`,
> `border-bottom`, `border-left`, `outline` properties.

### Border Widths

Border width tokens represent the width of a border. Its value is defined as a
string.

```tsx title="theme.ts"
import { defineTokens } from "@chakra-ui/react"

const tokens = defineTokens({
  borderWidths: {
    thin: { value: "1px" },
    thick: { value: "2px" },
    medium: { value: "1.5px" },
  },
})

export default createSystem({
  theme: { tokens },
})
```

### Shadows

Shadow tokens represent the shadow of an element. Its value is defined as single
or multiple values containing a string or a composite value.

```tsx title="theme.ts"
import { defineTokens } from "@chakra-ui/react"

const tokens = defineTokens({
  shadows: {
    // string value
    subtle: { value: "0 1px 2px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05)" },
    // composite value
    accent: {
      value: {
        offsetX: 0,
        offsetY: 4,
        blur: 4,
        spread: 0,
        color: "rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1)",
      },
    },
    // multiple string values
    realistic: {
      value: [
        "0 1px 2px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05)",
        "0 1px 4px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1)",
      ],
    },
  },
})

export default createSystem({
  theme: { tokens },
})
```

> Shadow tokens are typically used in `box-shadow` property.

### Easings

Easing tokens represent the easing function of an animation or transition. Its
value is defined as a string or an array of values representing the cubic
bezier.

```tsx title="theme.ts"
import { defineTokens } from "@chakra-ui/react"

const tokens = defineTokens({
  easings: {
    // string value
    easeIn: { value: "cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1)" },
    // array value
    easeOut: { value: [0.4, 0, 0.2, 1] },
  },
})

export default createSystem({
  theme: { tokens },
})
```

> Ease tokens are typically used in `transition-timing-function` property.

### Opacity

Opacity tokens help you set the opacity of an element.

```tsx title="theme.ts"
import { defineTokens } from "@chakra-ui/react"

const tokens = defineTokens({
  opacity: {
    50: { value: 0.5 },
  },
})

export default createSystem({
  theme: { tokens },
})
```

> Opacity tokens are typically used in `opacity` property.

### Z-Index

This token type represents the depth of an element's position on the z-axis.

```tsx title="theme.ts"
import { defineTokens } from "@chakra-ui/react"

const tokens = defineTokens({
  zIndex: {
    modal: { value: 1000 },
  },
})

export default createSystem({
  theme: { tokens },
})
```

> Z-index tokens are typically used in `z-index` property.

### Assets

Asset tokens represent a url or svg string. Its value is defined as a string or
a composite value.

```ts
type CompositeAsset = { type: "url" | "svg"; value: string }
type Asset = string | CompositeAsset
```

```tsx title="theme.ts"
import { defineTokens } from "@chakra-ui/react"

const tokens = defineTokens({
  tokens: {
    assets: {
      logo: {
        value: { type: "url", value: "/static/logo.png" },
      },
      checkmark: {
        value: { type: "svg", value: "<svg>...</svg>" },
      },
    },
  },
})

export default createSystem({
  theme: { tokens },
})
```

> Asset tokens are typically used in `background-image` property.

### Durations

Duration tokens represent the length of time in milliseconds an animation or
animation cycle takes to complete. Its value is defined as a string.

```tsx title="theme.ts"
import { defineTokens } from "@chakra-ui/react"

const tokens = defineTokens({
  durations: {
    fast: { value: "100ms" },
  },
})

export default createSystem({
  theme: { tokens },
})
```

> Duration tokens are typically used in `transition-duration` and
> `animation-duration` properties.

### Animations

Animation tokens represent a keyframe animation. Its value is defined as a
string value.

```tsx title="theme.ts"
import { defineTokens } from "@chakra-ui/react"

const tokens = defineTokens({
  animations: {
    spin: {
      value: "spin 1s linear infinite",
    },
  },
})

export default createSystem({
  theme: { tokens },
})
```

> Animation tokens are typically used in `animation` property.

### Aspect Ratios

Aspect ratio tokens represent the aspect ratio of an element. Its value is
defined as a string.

```tsx title="theme.ts"
import { defineTokens } from "@chakra-ui/react"

const tokens = defineTokens({
  aspectRatios: {
    "1:1": { value: "1 / 1" },
    "16:9": { value: "16 / 9" },
  },
})

export default createSystem({
  theme: { tokens },
})
```