chakra-ui/apps/www/content/guides/theming-recipe-dynamic-styling.mdx

---
title: Handling dynamic styling in recipes
description: Learn how to create recipes with dynamic styling
publishedAt: "2025-01-03"
collection: theming
---

Suppose that you need to change the padding of a button based on some pressed
state.

```tsx
const App = () => {
  const [isPressed, setPressed] = useState(false)
  // How do style the button separately based on the pressed state?
  return <Button>Click Me</Button>
}
```

You might be tempted to do something like this:

```tsx {9-12}
import { defineRecipe } from "@chakra-ui/react"

export const buttonRecipe = defineRecipe({
  base: {
    display: "flex",
  },
  variants: {
    size: {
      sm: ({ isPressed }) => ({
        padding: isPressed ? "8" : "4",
        fontSize: "12px",
      }),
    },
  },
})
```

This doesn't work because Chakra doesn't support functions in recipes. We
require recipes to be serializable.

There are two ways to handle this:

## Using `data-*` attributes

First, apply the dynamic values to the component using the `data-*` attribute.

```tsx /data-pressed={isPressed || undefined}/
const App = () => {
  const [isPressed, setPressed] = useState(false)
  return <Button data-pressed={isPressed || undefined}>Click Me</Button>
}
```

Next, style the recipe using the `data-*` attribute.

```tsx {10-12}
export const buttonRecipe = defineRecipe({
  base: {
    display: "flex",
  },
  variants: {
    size: {
      sm: {
        padding: "4",
        fontSize: "12px",
        "&[data-pressed]": {
          padding: "8",
        },
      },
    },
  },
})
```

## Using `compoundVariants`

Compound variants allow you to create style overrides based on variant
combinations.

- First, create a `isActive` variant
- Next, create a `compoundVariants` array that contains the style overrides

```ts {15-17, 20-24}
import { defineRecipe } from "@chakra-ui/react"

export const buttonRecipe = defineRecipe({
  base: {
    display: "flex",
  },
  variants: {
    size: {
      sm: {
        padding: "4",
        fontSize: "12px",
      },
    },
    isPressed: {
      true: {},
      false: {},
    },
  },
  compoundVariants: [
    {
      size: "sm",
      isPressed: true,
      css: {
        padding: "8px",
        fontSize: "12px",
      },
    },
  ],
})
```

Then, you can pass the `isPressed` variant to the component as props.

```tsx /isPressed={isPressed}/
<Button visual="solid" isPressed={isPressed}>
  Click Me
</Button>
```

:::note

If you use TypeScript, don't forget to run the `npx @chakra-ui/cli typegen`
command to generate the types for the recipe.

:::