phrack/issue51/10.txt

---[  Phrack Magazine   Volume 7, Issue 51 September 01, 1997, article 10 of 17


-------------------------[  Scanning for RPC Services


--------[  halflife <halflife@infonexus.com>


Remote Procedure Language is a specification for letting procedures be
executable on remote machines.  It is defined in rfc1831.  It has a number of 
good traits, and if you run SunOS or Solaris, you are almost required to make 
use of it to some degree.

Unfortunately, there are vulnerabilities in some RPC services that have
caused many machines to be penetrated.  Many administrators block access to 
portmapper (port 111) in an effort to deny external users access to their weak 
RPC services.

Unfortunately, this is completely inadequate.  This article details how 
trivial it is to do a scan for specific RPC program numbers.  The scan can be 
performed relatively quickly, and in many cases will not be logged.

First, a little information about RPC itself; when I refer to RPC, I am only 
referring to ONC RPC, and not DCE RPC.  RPC is a query/reply-based system. You 
send an initial query with the program number you are interested in, the 
procedure number, any arguments, authentication, and other needed parameters. 
In response, you get whatever the procedure returns, and some indication of 
the reason for the failure if it failed.

Since RPC was designed to be portable, all arguments must be translated into 
XDR.  XDR is a data encoding language that superficially reminds me a little 
bit of Pascal (at least, as far as strings are concerned). If you want more 
information on XDR, it is defined in rfc1832.

As you probably surmised by now, RPC programs are made up of various 
procedures.  There is one procedure that always exists, it is procedure 0. 
This procedure accepts no arguments, and it does not return any value (think 
void rpcping(void)).  This is how we will determine if a given port holds a 
given program, we will call the ping procedure!

So now we have a basic idea on how to determine if a given port is running
a given RPC program number.  Next we need to determine which UDP ports are
listening.  This can be done a number of ways, but the way I am using is
to connect() to the port and try write data.  If nothing is there, we
will (hopefully) get a PORT_UNREACH error in errno, in which case we know
there is nothing on that port.

In the given code, we do a udp scan, and for every listening udp port, we
try to query the ping procedure of the program number we are scanning for.
If we get a positive response, the program number we are looking for exists
on that port and we exit.

<++> RPCscan/Makefile
CC=gcc
PROGNAME=rpcscan
CFLAGS=-c

build: checkrpc.o main.o rpcserv.o udpcheck.o
	$(CC) -o $(PROGNAME) checkrpc.o main.o rpcserv.o udpcheck.o

checkrpc.o:
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) checkrpc.c

main.o:
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) main.c

rpcserv.o:
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) rpcserv.c

udpcheck.o:
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) udpcheck.c

clean:
	rm -f *.o $(PROGNAME)
<-->
<++> RPCscan/checkrpc.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <rpc/rpc.h>
#include <netdb.h>

extern struct sockaddr_in *saddr;

int
check_rpc_service(long program)
{
	int sock = RPC_ANYSOCK;
	CLIENT *client;
	struct timeval timeout;
	enum clnt_stat cstat;

	timeout.tv_sec = 10;
	timeout.tv_usec = 0;
	client = clntudp_create(saddr, program, 1, timeout, &sock);
	if(!client)
		return -1;
	timeout.tv_sec = 10;
	timeout.tv_usec = 0;
	cstat = RPC_TIMEDOUT;
	cstat = clnt_call(client, 0, xdr_void, NULL, xdr_void, NULL, timeout);
	if(cstat == RPC_TIMEDOUT)
	{
		timeout.tv_sec = 10;
		timeout.tv_usec = 0;
		cstat = clnt_call(client, 0, xdr_void, NULL, xdr_void, NULL, timeout);
	}
	clnt_destroy(client);
	close(sock);
	if(cstat == RPC_SUCCESS)
		return 1;
	else if(cstat == RPC_PROGVERSMISMATCH)
		return 1;
	else return 0;
}
<-->
<++> RPCscan/main.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>

int check_udp_port(char *, u_short);
int check_rpc_service(long);
long get_rpc_prog_number(char *);
#define HIGH_PORT	5000
#define LOW_PORT	512	

main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	int i,j;
	long prog;
	if(argc != 3)
	{
		fprintf(stderr, "%s host program\n", argv[0]);
		exit(0);
	}
	prog = get_rpc_prog_number(argv[2]);
	if(prog == -1)
	{
		fprintf(stderr, "invalid rpc program number\n");
		exit(0);
	}
	printf("Scanning %s for program %d\n", argv[1], prog);
	for(i=LOW_PORT;i <= HIGH_PORT;i++)
	{
		if(check_udp_port(argv[1], i) > 0)
		{
			if(check_rpc_service(prog) == 1)
			{
				printf("%s is on port %u\n", argv[2], i);
				exit(0);
			}
		}
	}
}
<-->
<++> RPCscan/rpcserv.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <rpc/rpc.h>

long
get_rpc_prog_number(char *progname)
{
	struct rpcent *r;
	int i=0;

	while(progname[i] != '\0')
	{
		if(!isdigit(progname[i]))
		{
			setrpcent(1);
			r = getrpcbyname(progname);
			endrpcent();
			if(!r)
				return -1;
			else return r->r_number;
		}
		i++;
	}
	return atoi(progname);
}
<-->
<++> RPCscan/udpcheck.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/errno.h>
extern int h_errno;

struct sockaddr_in *saddr = NULL;

int
check_udp_port(char *hostname, u_short port)
{
	int s, i, sr;
	struct hostent *he;
	fd_set rset;
	struct timeval tv;

	if(!saddr)
	{
		saddr = malloc(sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
		if(!saddr) return -1;

		saddr->sin_family = AF_INET;
		saddr->sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(hostname);
		if(saddr->sin_addr.s_addr == INADDR_NONE)
		{
			sethostent(1);
			he = gethostbyname(hostname);
			if(!he)
			{
				herror("gethostbyname");
				exit(1);
			}
			if(he->h_length <= sizeof(saddr->sin_addr.s_addr))
				bcopy(he->h_addr, &saddr->sin_addr.s_addr, he->h_length);
			else
				bcopy(he->h_addr, &saddr->sin_addr.s_addr, sizeof(saddr->sin_addr.s_addr));
			endhostent();
		}
	}
	saddr->sin_port = htons(port);
	s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
	if(s < 0)
	{
		perror("socket");
		return -1;
	}
	i = connect(s, (struct sockaddr *)saddr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
	if(i < 0)
	{
		perror("connect");
		return -1;
	}
	for(i=0;i < 3;i++)
	{
		write(s, "", 1);
		FD_ZERO(&rset);
		FD_SET(s, &rset);
		tv.tv_sec = 5;
		tv.tv_usec = 0;
		sr = select(s+1, &rset, NULL, NULL, &tv);
		if(sr != 1)
			continue;
		if(read(s, &sr, sizeof(sr)) < 1)
		{
			close(s);
			return 0;
		}
		else
		{
			close(s);
			return 1;
		}
	}
	close(s);
	return 1;
}
<-->


----[  EOF