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README.md
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pretty_name: SmellNet
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license: mit
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---
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# SmellNet
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SmellNet is a comparatively large dataset for **sensor-based machine olfaction**: real-world smell measurements collected from a compact array of low-cost metal-oxide (MOX) gas sensors.
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The dataset supports:
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- **single-substance recognition** from multichannel sensor time series
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- **mixture distribution prediction** from odor mixtures
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- **cross-modal learning** with paired GC-MS-derived chemistry priors
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- research on **temporal modeling** for smell sensing
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The accompanying paper introduces **ScentFormer**, a Transformer-based model for smell recognition and mixture prediction.
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## Highlights
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- ~**828,000** time-series readings
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- **50** base substances across nuts, spices, herbs, fruits, and vegetables
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- **43** mixtures with fixed ingredient volumetric ratios
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- ~**68 hours** of controlled acquisition
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- headline results from the paper:
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- **63.3% Top-1 accuracy** on **SmellNet-Base** with GC-MS supervision
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- **50.2% Top-1@0.1** on **seen mixtures**
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## Repository structure
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This Hugging Face repo contains the dataset assets used in the SmellNet project.
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- `base_data/`
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Curated base-substance sensor data used for the main paper experiments.
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This corresponds to the **SmellNet-Base** task.
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- `mixture_data/`
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Mixture sensor data for predicting normalized ingredient ratios over 12 odorants.
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This corresponds to the **SmellNet-Mixture** task.
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- `gcms_processed/`
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Processed GC-MS-derived features and chemistry priors used for cross-modal learning.
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- `gcms_data/`
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Raw or intermediate GC-MS-related files used to construct chemistry-aware representations.
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## Tasks
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### 1. SmellNet-Base
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The base task focuses on **single-substance classification** from multichannel sensor time series.
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- 50 substances
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- 5 broad categories:
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- nuts
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- spices
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- herbs
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- fruits
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- vegetables
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- controlled repeated sensing sessions across different days
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### 2. SmellNet-Mixture
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The mixture task focuses on **mixture composition prediction** from sensor time series.
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- 12 odorants
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- 43 mixture configurations
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- prediction target is a normalized ingredient-ratio vector
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## Sensor setup
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The SmellNet paper uses low-cost portable MOX sensors.
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For the base-substance setting, the reported experiments use **6 sensor channels**.
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For the mixture setting, the reported experiments use **4 Grove channels** collected at a higher sampling rate.
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These signals are best interpreted as **relative sensor responses and temporal dynamics**, rather than calibrated absolute chemical concentrations.
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## What is included here
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This dataset repo is meant to host the **data assets**.
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For:
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- training code
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- preprocessing code
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- modeling code
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- analysis scripts
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- paper figures
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please see the companion GitHub repository:
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**GitHub:** `https://github.com/MIT-MI/SmellNet`
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## Intended use
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SmellNet is intended for research on:
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- machine olfaction
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- temporal representation learning
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- multimodal learning with chemistry priors
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- mixture prediction
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- low-cost sensor-based perception
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Potential applications include food analysis, environmental monitoring, healthcare-related sensing research, and interactive multimodal systems.
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## Notes and limitations
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- Data were collected in a **controlled environment**, so real-world generalization to unseen environments may be harder.
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- Sensor channels are **manufacturer-labeled responses** and are not direct measurements of pure analytes in food headspace.
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- GC-MS information is used as an **ingredient-level chemistry prior**, not as a per-sample test-time input.
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- Performance on **unseen mixtures** remains significantly harder than on seen mixtures.
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## Citation
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If you use this dataset, please cite:
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```bibtex
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@inproceedings{feng2026smellnet,
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title={SmellNet: A Large-Scale Dataset for Real-World Smell Recognition},
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author={Feng, Dewei and Dai, Wei and Li, Carol and Pernigo, Alistair and Liang, Paul Pu},
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booktitle={International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR)},
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year={2026}
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}
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