An empirical study on the psychological basis of hospitality

We investigated psychological foundation of hospitality by survey and experiments. (1) Altruism toward friends and acquaintances affected professional hospitality. (2) Experimental studies at a laboratory and a field revealed that abstract stimulus like eye pictures can facilitate altruism which is a base of hospitality. (3) Analysis of large scale survey data indicated that an effect of individual-level reciprocity on self-rated health increase when group-level reciprocity is low.


Principal Investigator：利光 功, Project Period (FY)：1978, Research Category：Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (D), Research Field：美学(含芸術諸学)

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science


Um die Anforderungen hoher Festigkeit bei gleichzeitig guter Zähigkeit, die an moderne Werkstoffe in vielen Anwendungsbereichen wie Automobil-, Lager-, Getriebe-und Eisenbahnbau gestellt werden zu erfüllen, werden zunehmend karbidfreie Bainitstähle eingesetzt. Die hervorragenden Eigenschaften werden durch Legieren des Stahls mit etwa 1,5 Gew.% Si, um die Ausscheidung von Zementit während der Bainitbildung zu unterdrücken, erreicht.Ferner werden aktuell Forschungen durchgeführt, um diese Bainitstruktur bei niedrigen Temperaturen, bekannt als Niedrigtemperatur-Bainit (low temperature bainite - LTB), zu erzielen. Dieser Bainittyp besteht aus geschichteten Nanoplatten aus Ferrit und Austenit. Die extrem hohe Festigkeit dieses Stahls ist eine Folge seines feinen Bainitgefüges, das hauptsächlich aus der Nutzung niedriger Umwandlungstemperaturen resultiert. Die Absenkung der Umwandlungstemperatur führt zu einer deutlichen Feinung der Plattenstruktur des Bainit.Die Herstellung und Nutzung derartiger LTB Stähle ist trotz ihrer hervorragenden mechanischen Eigenschaften aus kommerziellen Gründen begrenzt: Zum einen verläuft die bainitische Umwandlung bei niedriger Temperatur recht langsam, zum anderen ist der Einsatz teurer Legierungselemente üblich. Daher ist in diesem Projekt geplant, neue Legierungskonzepte zu entwickeln, um zusammen mit geeigneten thermo-mechanischen Prozessen ein vergleichbares Eigenschaftsniveau zu erhalten bei gleichzeitiger Reduzierung der hochpreisigen Legierungselemente wie Co, Cr und Ni und beschleunigter Bainitumwandlung.Somit ist ein Kompromiss zwischen den Al, Mn und C-Gehalten zu finden um: - Die Martensitstarttemperatur des Stahls zu unterdrücken, so dass die Bainitumwandlung bei reduzierter Temperatur erfolgen kann. - Die vollständige Austenitbildung beim Anlassen zu gewährleisten. Hohe Al-Gehalte unterbinden/erschweren die Bildung von Austenit. Der austenitische Bereich im Phasendiagramm wird stark eingeschnürt.Zudem sollen mechanische Eigenschaften des LTBs verbessert werden durch:- Nutzung des BH-Potentials von LTB um seine Streckgrenze zu verbessern. In Vorversuchen an LTB ergab sich ein BH2-Wert von ca. 250 MPa, so dass in einigen untersuchten Fällen Streckgrenzen über 2 GPa erzielt werden konnten. Es ist geplant ein physikalisch basiert Modell zur Voraussage des Einflusses der Alterung auf die endgültigen mechanischen Eigenschaften der LTB Stähle zu entwickeln.- Herstellung des LTBs als Flachprodukt unter Nutzung verschiedener thermo-mechanischer Prozessschritte (TMP). Dadurch wird eine Struktur, die in Austenitinseln des LTBs eingebettete, umforminduzierte feine Ferritkörner enthält, hergestellt.Die thermo-mechanischen Prozessschritte zur Herstellung einer gewünschten Mikrostruktur werden am Umformdilatometer entwickelt. Die Validierung der dort gewonnenen Ergebnisse erfolgt dann auf den Walzanlagen des Instituts zur Erzeugung großer Zug- und Kerbschlagbie-geproben.


Nutrient fuel preference, obesity, and stem cell lineage physiology

PROJECT NARRATIVE Stem cells maintain the function of many of our organs and are also highly influenced by our metabolism and physiology, and these processes are often altered in obese individuals. We propose to take advantage of powerful research tools in fruitflies to investigate how stem cells and their descendants alter their preference for different types of nutrients, including sugars, fats and amino acids, and how this process is regulated during normal physiology or under obesity conditions. Because of the high degree of evolutionary conservation of molecules and biological processes between fruitflies and humans, this work will likely provide valuable insights into diseases resulting from metabolic abnormalities.


Identifizierung der spezifischen Eigenschaften humaner BZellPopulationen des Thymus und deren Verhältnis zum primär mediastinalen BZellLymphom und nodulär sklerotischen HodgkinLymphom, sowie pathogenetischer Mechanismen dieser Lymphome

Im Thymus findet sich eine kleine Population von B-Zellen. Es gibt Hinweise aus Studien in der Maus, dass Thymus-B-Zellen eine wichtige Rolle in der T-Zell-Selektion spielen. Über deren spezifischen Eigenschaften und Funktionen und ihr Verhältnis zu anderen B-Zell-Subpopulationen ist im Menschen jedoch nur sehr wenig bekannt. B-Zellen des Thymus werden zudem als zellulärer Ursprung des primär mediastinalen B-Zell-Lymphoms (PMBCL) betrachtet, und es wird ebenfalls diskutiert, dass sie der Ursprung des nodulär sklerosierenden Hodgkin-Lymphoms (NS-HL) in jungen Erwachsenen sind. Es existieren bislang keine molekularen Studien, in denen das Verhältnis zwischen diesen Tumoren und Thymus-B-Zell-Populationen untersucht wurde. Unsere Hypothese ist, dass humane Thymus-B-Zellen distinkte B-Zell-Subpopulationen mit spezifischen Eigenschaften und Funktionen repräsentieren, und dass sie die normalen Vorläufer des PMBCL und des NS-HL in jungen Erwachsenen sind. In Vorarbeiten haben wir mittels Durchflußzytometrie vier Subpopulationen von Thymus-B-Zellen identifiziert (Zellen mit dem Phänotyp naiver B-Zellen, IgM- und IgG/IgA-Gedächtnis-B-Zellen, sowie seltene CD30+ B-Zellen). Eines der Ziele des Projektes ist es, das Differenzierungsstadium, die klonale Zusammensetzung und Verwandtschaft der Thymus-B-Zell-Subpopulationen mittels Amplicon-Sequenzierung ihres B-Zell-Rezeptor-Repertoires zu bestimmen. Desweiteren soll eine vergleichende Transkriptomanalyse mittels RNA-Sequenzierung im Vergleich dieser Zellen zu den Hauptpopulationen konventioneller B-Zellen aus humanem Blut durchgeführt werden, um Einblicke in die spezifischen Eigenschaften und immunologische Aufgaben von Thymus-B-Zellen zu erhalten. Durch Vergleich der Genausprägung von Thymus-B-Zellen und isolierten Tumorzellen des PMBCL und des NS-HL werden wir die Ähnlichkeiten und den möglichen Ursprung der Lymphome von diesen besonderen B-Zellen bestimmen, sowie deregulierte Gene in den Lymphomen identifizieren, die möglicherweise von pathogenetischer Bedeutung sind. Die RNA-Sequenzierungsdaten werden auch auf somatische Mutationen und Fusionstranskripte untersucht, um neue genetische Läsionen zu identifizieren. Für ausgewählte deregulierte oder mutierte Gene wird mittels funktioneller Studien mit entsprechenden Zelllinien die pathogenetische Bedeutung solcher Kandidatengene untersucht. Zusammengefasst ist unser Ziel, erstmalig eine umfassende Charakterisierung der wenig verstandenen humanen Thymus-B-Zell-Populationen vorzunehmen, zu klären, ob das PMBCL und das NS-HL mit mediastinaler Beteiligung von ihnen abstammt, die deregulierte Genausprägung im PMBCL und NS-HL im speziellen Vergleich zu Thymus-B-Zellen zu bestimmen, und schließlich neue pathogenetische Mechanismen im PMBCL und NS-HL aufzudecken und funktionell zu validieren.


State and Territory Cooperative Agreement to Enhance Produce Safety in Preparation of Implementation of FDA's Rule (U18)

PROJECT NARRATVE Project Title: Implementation of FDA’s Produce Safety Rule in Washington Development of a Produce Safety Program in Washington State will reduce public health risks for consumers of Washington produce across the nation and around the world. By using both education and enforcement to promote understanding of and compliance with the FDA Produce Safety Rule, the program will encourage the safe production of fruits and vegetables, significantly advance a national integrated food safety system (IFSS), and effectively fulfill the requirements of the Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA).


Implications of low flows and changes in groundwater temperature on salmon habitat, Cheakamus River, British Columbia

No summary - Aucun sommaire

Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada

Alexander Graham Bell Canada Graduate Scholarships - Master's


Narrative structure in Japanese pre-modern diaries

Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada


Machine Learning-Driven Generation of Congestion Control and Flow Scheduling Algorithms for Improving Data Centre Performance

Data centres consist of racks of commodity servers interconnected by multiple, high bandwidth links. The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), the de-facto protocol for reliably transmitting data, is not appropriate for data centres; it is single-path and its congestion control algorithm, which regulates senders so that network congestion is minimised, while resources are utilised efficiently and fairly, follows a one-size-fits-all approach.On the other hand, data centres support high-speed, low-latency links and multiple paths among servers as well as applications with diverse data transport requirements and network workloads which constantly change.

 This project aims at utilising machine learning techniques, such Bayesian optimisation and Gaussian processes, the power of parallelisation offered by modern Graphics Processing Units (GPUs), and Software Defined Networking (SDN) to automate the process of controlling congestion and scheduling flows so that data centre network resources are utilised efficiently even under dynamically changing network traffic.

Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council


Behavior Problems in Infancy: A Preventive Intervention

7. Project Narrative Negative outcomes of early externalizing behavior problems in childhood are overrepresented in low-income families and represent a significant public health concern. Despite recent findings that externalizing behavior problems can be idenfitied as early as 12 months, there has been limited research examining the prevention of later externalizing behavior problems in infants from low-income families.


R&D TO DETECT THE MIGDAL EFFECT IN A NEGATIVE-ION TPC

OFFICE OF SCIENCE FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAM


ACYCLIC STEREOSELECTION IN NATURAL PRODUCT SYNTHESIS


Energy-Related Peptides and Reproductive Axis


Inhibitors of the Influenza M2 proton channel

NATIONAL CENTER FOR ADVANCING TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCES


Gonadotropins & Cox-2 in Ovarian Cancer Prevention


Regulation Of Nuclear Factor-kappa B Activity


Validation of a Numerical Granular Flow Simulation Model for Pyroclastic Flows and Debris Avalanches

Pyroclastic flows and volcanic debris avalanches are among the most hazardous volcanic events and have been responsible for tens of thousands of deaths in the 20th century.  However, reliable hazards assessments are difficult to accomplish and improved modeling is a major key to improved assessments. This research will test a recently developed, very powerful, flow model code (TITAN2D) and compare its output to a unique body of field data (from select sites with very high quality data). The intellectual merit of this research is to increase our understanding of the physics of hazardous phenomena, and to aid the use of TITAN2D via its validation, calibration, and code improvements. Validation is the process of determining the degree to which a model is an accurate representation of the real world. Its focus is on physics issues, on solving the right equations for the problem at hand. With validation it is anticipated that this model could be used in a reasonably reliable way to investigate flow processes, to aid hazards and risk assessments, make hazards and risk maps, and contribute to hazards mitigation. The information intended for validation exercises include remarkably detailed data on 30 large to major dome collapses and slope failures. Broader impacts include societal benefits through improved understanding of hazardous processes, improved hazards assessments and risk communication, and more effective zoning in volcanic and slope instability crises. This research should contribute data and foster computer code enhancements by collaborating SUNY scientists that will make the method generally more effective and reliable for applications. Research results will be communicated frequently and interactively to code developers, and disseminated in timely fashion at meetings and workshops, by publications, and through the web.


POTASSIUM AND THE MUSCLE REFLEX IN HUMAN SUBJECTS


THE IMPACT OF PRIMARY MARINE AEROSOL ON ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY, RADIATION AND CLIMATE: A CCSM MODEL DEVELOPMENT


Study on the observation method of dynamic wind pressure on buildings caused by storm wind

In order to obtain a large number of real stormy wind data at typhoon which is the fundamental factor for the wind resistant design in Japan, portable devices with pressure sensor and recorder are developed, based on mainly following two concept.1) The device is designed to be able to observe and to record, by itself, the wind pressure of the one point of the objective building that is selected in advance.2) The devices will be able to carry in and set them up for the objective building near by the predictive course of the typhoon so as to observe the wind pressure during the time when the force of the wind is maximum.In 1995 and 1996, the real storm wind pressure was observed so as to confirm the fundamental performance of the devices. Through the data analyzes, the possibility of the device was proved.

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)


Coordination and Bioinorganic Chemistry with Sulfur Ligands

Dr. Charles G. Riordan, Chemistry Department, University of Delaware is supported by the Inorganic, Bioinorganic, and Organometallic Program to develop develop homogeneous, coordination complexes of nickel that activate dioxygen under mild conditions. A series of monovalent nickel complexes supported by poly(thioether)borato ligands will be allowed to react with O2 to generate thermally-sensitive, reduced oxygen intermediates. The molecular and electronic structure of these intermediates will be studied using low temperature spectroscopic techniques including UV-visible, resonance Raman, X-ray absorption and X-ray diffraction analyses. These results will be interpreted using density functional theory to define the reaction landscape of the nickel-oxygen species to establish geometric- and electronic-structure function correlations. Concomitant experiments will explore nickel-based activation of relatedsubstrates, e.g. elemental sulfur, phosphorous and diazenes, RN=NR.

Selective oxidation of organic substrates generally increases their utility in the chemical and pharmaceutical arenas. Oxidations employing O2 represent attractive and environmentally responsible approaches. The approach is inspired by an appreciation of the activity and chemical selectivity with which metalloproteins utilize dioxygen to synthesize new molecules. Outcomes from the studies will have broad implications to industrial and biological oxidation processes. The breadth of the research experience will provide excellent intellectual and technical training for students in organic and inorganic synthesis, physical measurements and kinetic and mechanistic aspects of inorganic chemistry. The experience will prepare students for careers in either industry or academia.


PROJECT NARRATIVE The University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB) PREP scholars program, PREPing for SUCCESS, addresses an important national need to increase the number of PhD-level scientists from groups that are underrepresented in the biomedical sciences to enhance the diversity of our research workforce and indicated by a growing body of research to heighten scientific innovation, discovery and global competitiveness. Working closely with partner universities in Texas and beyond, each year we will recruit 8 talented scholars having an aptitude for research to participate in an individually customized and mentored research and skills development program preparing them to enroll in and complete a PhD in the sciences at a top-tier research intensive graduate school.


石炭酸化反応とスラリー粘度変化の相関

Principal Investigator：千葉 忠俊, Project Period (FY)：1983, Research Category：Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C), Research Field：化学工学


Immunoregulatory nanovaccines: Optimization of physical, chemical, pharmacokinetic and immunological properties for bench-to-bedside translation

The current proposal is founded on the discovery of a new paradigm in the treatment of type 1 diabetes (caused by the white blood cells of the immune system) of potential groundbreaking significance. Traditionally, vaccines have been used to expand white blood cells capable of affording protection against viruses, bacteria or cancer, or to delete white blood cells capable of causing autoimmune diseases (such as T1D). We have developed a 'vaccine' that can cure diabetes by selectively expanding what we call 'autoregulatory' white blood cells. These constitute a new type of 'autoreactive' white blood cells (like their diabetes-causing counterparts, they specifically recognize pancreatic B-cells) whose function is to put the brakes on the diabetes-causing autoimmune attack. These cells become activated when they sense the attack on the pancreas and engage into a competitive tug-of-war with the B-cell killer white blood cells, often unsuccessfully. Our vaccine can expand this population of white blood cells, enhancing their diabetes-countering effects. This vaccine can blunt disease progression in pre-diabetic animals and restore normal blood sugar levels in diabetic mice without causing generalized suppression of the immune system. The current vaccine platform is based on tiny particles of a metal (many times smaller than a cell; also referred to as nanoparticles -NP-) coated with antigenic targets of beta cell-killer white blood cells (pMHC-coated NPs). The objective of this proposal is to synthesize optimized clinical-grade pMHC-coated NPs to maximize therapeutic efficacy while reducing the potential for toxicity. This work, which will be done by an interdisciplinary team of established scientists and trainees spanning the spectrum of nanotechnology, biochemistry, immunology and autoimmune disease will pave the way for human clinical trials.

Collaborative Health Research Projects (NSERC partnered)


No summary - Aucun sommaire

Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada

University Undergraduate Student Research Awards


ELASTICITY IMAGING FOR EARLY RENAL PATHOLOGY DETECTION


疾病流行監視・予測のためのノンパラメトリック時空間分析手法の開発

本研究の目的は、申請者らによって提案された、疾病の地理的分布にみられるローカルな共変動特性を検出する地理的加重ポアソン回帰法(GWPR)を、時空間的な疾病分布推移の追跡・予測手法に拡張しようとするものである。すなわち、空間的あるいは時空間的な近傍を定義する重み付け関数(カーネル)を利用した重み付け回帰を用いて、ローカルな共変動ルールを効率的に推定しようとする時・空間条件付ノンパラメトリック回帰分析手法の提案である。ここで検討される方法論は、共変動関係を検討する外生変数を利用しない場合に、時空間カーネルを用いた時空間的な疾病集積の検出に関する方法論に帰着する。これら一連の方法論的検討によって、時空間的な疾病集積状況の視覚化、予測の信頼性向上とともに、時空間的な予測を支える有用なルールの検出に関する方法論的確立をめざした。疾病および犯罪発生のデータを用いて、時空間的なカーネルに基づく、疾病集積性の検出方法、時空間キューブ(地理的2次元と時間次元による3次元空間)でvolume renderingを利用した集積性の視覚化、共変動関係を考慮した時空間的疾病流行解析のノンパラメトリック・モデルの定式化をはかるとともに、その経験的事例を提示した。また、従来の地理的加重回帰法にも利用可能な、極値分布を利用することで多重検定を考慮するローカルなパラメター推定値の有意性検定の方法論を提案した。


A diachronic study of Ryukyuan languages and Kyushu dialects from descriptive and historical-comparative perspectives

本研究は、歴史的な繋がりの深い琉球諸語と九州方言について(1) 個々の方言の文法体系を把握できるよう作成された6冊の調査票（総計860例文）を用いて現地調査を実施し、(2) それによって得られた文法資料を用いて個々の方言の文法体系の記述を行いながら、(3)先行研究の成果も踏まえ琉球諸語と九州方言の比較研究を行う。(4)合わせて集団遺伝学の手法を用いて琉球諸語と九州方言の重層的な言語史と系統関係を明らかにする。


Targeting the ACOD1 immunometabolic pathway of lung myeloid cells to reduce environmental exposure-induced lung disease

PROJECT NARRATIVE This project will utilize an immunometabolic approach, with emphasis on the ACOD1-itaconate axis, to describe the biologic mechanisms underpinning environmental exposure-induced inflammatory lung disease, and potentially inform novel therapeutic approaches to hasten lung recovery post- inflammatory bioaerosol exposure.


フライホイール装置との電気的結合を有する二次励磁式風力発電機の開発

Principal Investigator：大口 国臣, Project Period (FY)：1982, Research Category：Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research


No summary - Aucun sommaire


Multivalent Plague, Anthrax Vaccines Using Bacteriophage T4 Display


二十世紀中国演劇における伝統劇の新作について

研究期間の最終年度である平成19年度は、最終的な成果の取りまとめとして以下のような活動を行った。4月から5月にかけて、中華民国期京劇の舞台装置について、『申報』および同時期の日本語雑誌を中心とした新聞資料調査を行った。同調査の成果については、6月2日に早稲田大学小野記念講堂にて行われた国際研究集会「越境する演劇」で一部を研究発表している。8月から9月にかけて、中国・上海における現地調査を実施した。この現地調査では、上海市文化芸術档案館・上海図書館・上海市档案館における文献史料調査を行った。9月から11月にかけて、中華民国前期の舞台装置についての資料整理および研究成果のまとめを行い、12月から2月にかけて、中華民国後期の舞台装置についての資料収集および研究成果のまとめを行った。2008年3月には、上記の研究成果として雑誌論文2点を発表した。論文執筆・発表の過程における補完的な文献史料調査を目的として、3月に上海・北京における現地調査を実施した。本研究の目的は、二十世紀中国演劇の近代化を伝統劇における新作の創作という視点から読み解くことにあった。2年間の研究を通し、中華民国期における新作についてはその目標を達することができた。とりわけ、中華民国後期の舞台装置の研究では、その後の伝統劇の新作創作状況を考察する上で欠かすことのできないテーマを掘り起こしたと考えられる。本研究により、二十世紀中国演劇史を新たな視点でとらえ直すという研究目標は達成されたといえるだろう。

Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (Start-up)


Centro documentação e apoio à pesquisa. (AU)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo

Auxílio à Pesquisa - Programa Infraestrutura - Arquivos

Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP). Campus de Assis. Faculdade de Ciências e Letras (FCL-ASSIS)


Neurophysiological and behavioral dynamics of emotion in mothers with infants

Maternal depression, especially postpartum depression (i.e. within the first year post birth) is a major public health concern, for which current interventions  do not consistently improve parenting or child outcomes. Using novel methods and analytic strategies, this study will examine the time course of emotion in the parenting context in order to  identify critical targets for intervention.


PREVENTION INTERVENTION PROGRAM TARGETING YOUTH AND MOST-AT-RISK POPULATION


How we do what we do:  a theory of acting together

Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada

Canada Graduate Scholarships - Michael Smith Foreign Study Supplements


Rôle de l'alpha-PIX dans la régulation des Rho GTPases dans les cellules épithéliales rénales


IMMUNOREACTIVE MACROMOLECULES OF COCCIDIOIDES CELL TYPES


STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS OF CA++-BINDING PROTEINS BY NMR


構造物基礎に作用する負の摩擦力に関する研究

Principal Investigator：柴田 徹, Project Period (FY)：1971, Research Category：Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research


Manipulation and imaging of synchronous population activity in the neocortex

The cerebral cortex is the part of the brain most implicated in cognitive brain function and in a diseased state with neuropsychiatric disorders. How information is processed in this complex network of billions of neurons is yet poorly understood, partly due to a lack of appropriate experimental tools to investigate the complex orchestration of activities in individual neurons, which generate the network activity that produces normal behavior. This proposal is to develop and improve an experimental tool that will allow us to address these essential questions using digital light processing technology to mimic network activity patterns of arbitrary complexity and their effects on individual cells and network activity.


Park, Roderic B., Summer Institute in Biochemistry for Secondary School  Teachers


Publicering: Projektet avser utgivning av tidskriften Forskning & Framsteg under åren 2015-2017.

Forskningsrådet om Hälsa, Arbetsliv och Välfärd


Study on a simple evaluation method of urban heat island measure effects using upper weather data

It is considered the influence that sensible heat flux released in urban canopy layer causes to air temperature rise, using upper weather data observed at four towers that located between Osaka city and Higashi-Osaka city. Calculation methods for sensible heat flux and convection heat transfer coefficient from near surface to upper air are explained according to the heat budget model in surface boundary layer. Convection heat transfer coefficient, air temperature change with sensible heat flux change, and air temperature fall when heat island measure technology is introduced, are estimated with observation data at four towers.

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science


EXTENDING LUKER'S MODEL OF PREGNANCY RISK TAKING


A supremacia dos mercados e a política econômica do Governo Lula

This book is the result of the collectivereflection that has been taking place, since 2003, at the Center for Current economic Trends and Policy Research of the Institute of Economics of the University of Campinas . During this period, the Center's team of teachers and researchers produced seven issues of our electronic bulletin Política Econômica em Foco (Economic Policy in Focus), and no less than 25 supplements. In these texts, the researches analyzed many aspects of international and national current trends, as well as the characteristics and implications of Brazilian economic policy. The availability of those publications on the WWW made it possible to obtain a very expressive number of regular readers. The decision to provide, in the 7 th issue, an evaluation of the economic policy practiced during Lula's presidency generated a set of papers that can be deemed to be a synthesis of the many issues and supplements previously published. The scope and deepness of this evaluation motivated the initiative of publishing it in a more permanent format than the electronic bulletin, and met the interest of the UNESP publishing house. The book comprehends eleven papers. The introduction offers a synthesis of the many themes explored in the following chapters, which are distributed in three main parts: international environment, stability and macroeconomic policies, and growth and development policies. Through the comparison between the results obtained during the FHC and Lula's presidencies, the papers aim at  while avoiding the superficiality of the partisan and electoral debate  discussing crucial issues, such as those of the sustainability of the presently favorable international scene, and of the presumed improvements obtained, in Brazil, in the fields of external vulnerability, fiscal fragility, income distribution and the continuity of economic growth. (AU)

Auxílio à Pesquisa - Publicações científicas - Livros

Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Instituto de Economia (IE)


CYTOKINES IN THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF ANOREXIA IN AGING


帯電機構解明と水滴ダイナミクス解析に基づく高出力液滴摩擦発電素子の開発

帯電材料上に水滴が落下する際の接触・摩擦による帯電を利用する液滴帯電発電素子（DEG）は、新しいエナジーハーベスタとして注目される。DEG高出力化にあたっては，水と接触時の誘電体の帯電現象の解明とDEG上での水滴ダイナミクスの影響を踏まえたDEG構造の最適化が必要である。本研究では、①各種誘電体材料における水接触時の電子状態の変化の把握からの帯電機構の解明、②水滴ダイナミクスによる等価回路パラメータへの影響の定量化に基づくた材料，構造の選定，③高σ、低RiのTMLの特徴を活かしたDEG構造の最適化を試みる。

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)


THE FORMATION AND SURVIVAL OF RED BLOOD CELLS


Transcriptional Profiling of Yeast Growth in Conversion Residue


Functions and Mechanisms of Radiation Induced Responses


Oxidative and Phosphorlative Activities of Subcellular Particles of Yeast;


ENGAGEMENT AND TREATMENT OF ADOLESCENT DRUG USERS


Étude du profil d'expression tissulaire de trois promoteurs méiotiques chez Arabidopsis thaliana

No summary - Aucun sommaire

Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada


辛亥革命と在日華僑の関係に関する研究

1.革命派発行の雑誌『民報』、改良派発行の雑誌『新民叢報』、上海で発行されていた民間新聞『民報』、清朝商部発行の『商格官報』における華僑関係記事を検索し、複写収集した。その結果、少なくとも20世紀初頭においては、革命派の華僑に対する関心は薄く、一方、改良派は華僑に対し極めて積極的な関心を持っていたなどが明らかになった。2.在日華僑社会の性格をマクロ的に把握するため、各県発行の『統計書』および『日本帝国統計年鑑』における華僑関係統計を検索し、複写収集した。3.在日華僑社会の性格をミクロ的に把握するため、とくに長崎華僑について幕末から明治10年代にかけての名簿類の分析を行った。その結果後に横浜弯で華僑社会の中核的存在となる人物が、まず長崎に上陸し、該地を日本への「入口」とし、長崎での一定の活動の後、各地に発展したことなどが明らかになった。4.明治期在日華僑社会に関する史料的欠をおぎなうため、比較的史料の豊富と考えられる1945年以降の華僑社会の組織形成過程などを試論的に検討した。その結果、華僑社会の形成は華僑自身の自治的動きと、日本政府による政策的対応のはざまになされたことなどが明らかになった。5.次年度は、今年度検索・収集した史料について、それらを相互に関連づけ有機的に分析して、辛亥革命期の中国の政治・社会・経済情況との関連にも注目しつつ、事実問題の発掘と同時に、分析の枠組みづくりにも留意する。

Oita Prefectual College of Arts and Culture


Coordination without Communication - Quantum-assisted Rendezvous Strategies

Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council


新鮮分離センダイウイルス強毒株のマウス肺病原性

Principal Investigator：伊藤 正恵, Project Period (FY)：1989, Research Category：Grant-in-Aid for Encouragement of Young Scientists (A), Research Field：Virology


The functional organization of mammalian membranes

Project Narrative (Public Health Relevance) The membranes of mammalian cells have complex compositions that are required for their unique structure and vast array of functions. The research in our laboratory is focused on defining the diversity of mammalian membrane compositions and how those lipids are organized to facilitate cellular physiology. The insights from work are expected to inform therapeutic strategies for diseases associated with membrane dysfunction, including cardiovascular disease and cancer.


Novel Mechanisms Regulating the Heterotrimeric G Protein Complex

PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The rationale for the proposed work is that an understanding of molecular mechanisms used in divergent signaling pathways will yield new drug targets, new ideas for manipulating human signaling pathways, and new tools to engineer human pathways.


THERMODYNAMICS OF BINDING IN RESPIRATORY PROTE


Accurate properties of stars to unveil the history of our Galaxy


Mitogenic Activities in Neurofibromatosis

Neurofibromatosis type 1 is a very common human inherited disorder. NF1 patients develop neurofibromas, nerve tumors that cause disfigurement and morbidity, and can become malignant. We use animal and cell models and expression analysis identify contributors to neurofibroma formation, to provide mechanistic insight and define targets for therapeutic trials.


ANALYSIS OF HERPESVIRUS INTERACTIONS WITH CELL SURFACE MOLECULES


PURIFICATION OF PARAINFLUENZA VIRUS GLYCOPROTEINS


NUTRITION IN PREGNANCY, BIRTH WEIGHT, &CHILDHOOD ASTHMA


Programa emergencial de apoio a recuperação e modernização da infraestrutura de pesquisa do Sistema Estadual de Ciência e Tecnologia

O principal objetivo deste projeto é a continuidade do processo de modernização do SBD/FEA, adequação das condições ambientais e a disponibilização de recursos materiais, visando oferecer aos usuários conforto e agilidade no desenvolvimento de suas pesquisas. Com este projeto OSBD/FEA se prepara para melhor cumprir seu papel de disseminador de informação, supera algumas dificuldades existentes e procura atingir a excelência e a qualidade dos serviços prestados. (AU)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo

Auxílio à Pesquisa - Programa Infraestrutura - Bibliotecas

Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Economia, Administração e Contabilidade (FEA)


毛根の組織化学的検索による先天性代謝異常の診断に関する研究

Principal Investigator：鴨下 重彦, Project Period (FY)：1974, Research Category：Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C), Research Field：Pediatrics

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science


Do Rhizosolenia mats obtain N from cryptic nitrogen-fixing microbes?

Ocean ecosystems are reliant on tiny, microscopic phytoplankton that form the base of the marine food web, yet vast regions of sunlit open ocean waters also have chronically low concentrations of dissolved nitrogen (N), a nutrient that limits photosynthesis and growth. These ecosystems are highly regenerative, meaning that the organisms are adapted to low concentrations of nitrogen and recycle it efficiently. While this nitrogen recycling sustains growth, addition from other sources (or “new” nitrogen) is important for fueling new growth and is ultimately linked to the ocean’s ability to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and store it in the deep ocean. New nitrogen is introduced into the surface ocean through the movement of deep waters with high nitrogen concentrations to the surface or through the process of biological nitrogen fixation -- the microbial conversion of nitrogen gas into a biologically available form. Diatoms are one of the most important phytoplankton groups in modern oceans and form the base of the food web in the most productive ocean ecosystems. In the low nutrient open ocean they can sometimes form dense aggregates (or “mats”) that can descend into deeper waters to obtain the nitrogen needed for their growth using buoyancy regulation. The investigators recently observed and sampled mats of multiple Rhizosolenia diatom species in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG) and showed that their microbiome contained a diverse array of microbes capable of nitrogen fixation. This discovery calls into question where Rhizosolenia mats acquire nitrogen and suggests that they may obtain it from living in symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing microbes. Importantly, fragile Rhizosolenia mats are not well sampled using traditional oceanographic techniques, as such we know very little about these microbial ecosystems and their contribution to oceanic productivity. This project is characterizing Rhizosolenia mat ecosystems, determining whether they are growing on nitrogen from nitrogen-fixers, and assessing their contribution to the nitrogen cycle in the NPSG. The investigators are combining traditional microscopy techniques, as well as modern multi-omics, imaging, and stable isotope tracer techniques. They are using deployable optical instrumentation and satellite data to track the location of mats during a research cruise to the NPSG, and using blue-water diving to sample and incubate the fragile mats. This project is having an impact beyond advancing discovery by providing professional development opportunities for early career ocean researchers, including exposure to a broad array of transferable skills, from scientific diving to molecular techniques. The investigators are also developing a hands-on educational module about marine phytoplankton, symbioses, and ocean nutrient cycles to be featured at the Moss Landing Marine Labs Open House, a free public outreach event held annually each spring.

Diazotrophy, the microbial fixation of dinitrogen gas into ammonia, supports a significant amount of primary production in the chronically nitrogen-limited oligotrophic ocean. However, the relative importance of different diazotrophs to primary production is not clear, and ongoing discoveries of novel diazotrophs highlight our incomplete understanding of marine nitrogen-fixers. Phytoplankton vertical migration is an additional source of new nitrogen to surface waters in oligotrophic systems, and multispecies, migrating Rhizosolenia aggregates (or “mats”) have been reported to contribute significantly to both primary production and carbon export fluxes due to their ability to transport deep nitrogen into surface waters. The investigators encountered Rhizosolenia mats on a research cruise in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG) in 2022, which led to the discovery that they contain a varied assemblage of diazotrophs, but not the heterocyst-forming Richelia known to form associations with some Rhizosolenia sp. These findings, along with a historical observation of dinitrogen gas fixation in Rhizosolenia mats, suggest that these mats may acquire some of their needed nitrogen from diazotrophy, and mat-associated dinitrogen gas fixation constitutes an unrecognized important source of nitrogen to the NPSG. This project is assessing the composition, activity, and symbiotic nature of Rhizosolenia mat communities, as well as determining their significance to the nitrogen inventory in the NPSG. The investigators are providing the first detailed characterization of mat-forming Rhizosolenia and their associated diazotroph communities by using a combination of traditional microscopy techniques (light microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Transmission Electron Microscop), molecular and ‘omics tools (metagenome-assembled genomes, Rhizosolenia barcoding using voucher isolate strains, fluorescence-based visualization, amplicon High Throughput Sequencing) and stable isotope-based approaches at both whole mat and sub-mat scales (using nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry). Demonstrating that Rhizosolenia mats obtain diazotroph-derived nitrogen would transform the current paradigm about the role of these mats in nitrogen and carbon biogeochemical cycles and identify a novel diazotroph niche that is missed with conventional sampling. This project is also opening avenues to explore fundamental questions of diatom evolution and characterization of diatom strategies for metabolic adaptation to low nutrient environments through the isolation of mat-forming diatoms and generation of metagenome-assembled genomes. Additionally, morphological and molecular characterization of these fragile and cryptic Rhizosolenia mats is significantly contributing to illuminating the unseen pelagic microbiome.

This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.


SPECTROSCOPY OF HEAVY ATOM-PERTURBED BIOPOLYMERS


高階関数を用いたプログラム検証および変換技術の高度化に関する研究

単純型付き項書き換えシステムの停止性検証手法の高度化を以下の点について試みた。(1)依存対手法における引数フィルタリングおよび使用可能規則を高階の場合への拡張を行った。(2)実験システムについての検討を進めた。特に、効率的な実装を実現するためのSAT検証器を用いた実装法についての検討を行い、その基本となる経路順序の符号化法について改良を行った。また停止性にもとづく帰納的定理の自動証明法である書き換え帰納法についての検討を進めた。特に反証付き書き換え帰納法に適した補題自動導入法について検討を行った。発散鑑定法を改良し、健全性を持つ発散鑑定法を提案した。実験システムを実装するとともに証明システムのベンチマークとなる例題集を抽出し、他の書き換え帰納法に基づく定理証明器との比較実験を行った。また、反証付き書き換え帰納法を利用するために必要な合流性を保障する方法について検討を進めた。停止性の検証器は多数提案されているのに対して、合流性の検証器の提案はあまりなされていないため、合流性の自動検証法について実験システムを構築し検討を行った。合流性の十分条件を満たさない項書き換えシステムについて分解手法を用いる判定法を利用することの検討を行い、分解手法を利用した合流性検証器の提案を行った。変換パターンに基づくプログラム変換のための変換パターンの抽出法について検討をすすめた。2階の一般化アルゴリズムを提案し、それに基づいて具体的なプログラム変換から変換パターンを抽出する実験を行った。変換に利用可能なパターンの抽出を容易にするためのヒューリスティクスについて検討を行い、いくつかの変換パターンの抽出に成功した。


嫌気性微生物によるセルロース系固形廃棄物処理に関する生物化学工学的研究

Principal Investigator：小林 猛, Project Period (FY)：1980, Research Category：Grant-in-Aid for Environmental Science


NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY:

The project "NSF Workshop: Frontiers in Polymer Science and Engineering" will examine outstanding new opportunities for research and education at the forefront of the field of polymer science and polymeric materials. This class of materials plays a central role in innumerable items of commerce that directly affect the US economy, the daily lives, and the health and welfare of our entire population. The workshop will draw together approximately 70 scientists, engineers, and educators from around the nation, working in universities, companies, and national laboratories, and representing a broad diversity of areas of expertise. A central goal is to identify the most promising opportunities and critical areas for future investment in the research necessary to sustain national leadership in the science and technology that underpins this vital and multidisciplinary field. Workshop participants, representing a broadly diverse group of researchers and educators from around the nation, will collectively shape a vision for future research and education that will be captured in a comprehensive report, to be widely disseminated to the broader community and to policy makers and administrators across the country.

TECHNICAL SUMMARY:

This workshop will address a comprehensive set of topics aimed at identifying exciting and promising future opportunities across the interdisciplinary field of polymer science and engineering. It will be a decadal-type study across the horizon of the field, following up on its predecessor, the 2007 NSF Workshop on Interdisciplinary Globally-Leading Polymer Science and Engineering.  Latest developments associated with advancing state-of-the-art experimental, theoretical, and computational methods will be examined with the goal of identifying the most important challenges, opportunities, and emerging areas associated with polymer design and synthesis, molecular and structural characterization, a wide range of material properties, processing, and the impact of macromolecules on technology and society, including on related fields that span other areas of science and technology. The two-day workshop will begin with a set of plenary lectures designed to help shape detailed discussions in subsequent break-out sessions, each involving a group drawn from a diverse spectrum of participants. Collective inputs from each breakout session, along with accompanying assessments of educational and related opportunities, will be formed into a draft executive summary by the organizing committee immediately following the workshop. A comprehensive report will be prepared by the organizing committee detailing the findings and conclusions of the workshop. This report will be widely disseminated and posted on a public website. A summary of the report, highlighting the most important findings, will be submitted for publication in a leading polymer journal.


a-Synuclein vulnerability mechanisms and therapeutics in Alzheimer's Disease

PROJECT NARRATIVE Alzheimer’s disease (AD) which affects 10 million Americans is characterized by the accumulation of multiple proteins including (APP)/Aβ, Tau, TDP-43 and α -synuclein (α -syn). This proposal will investigate the role of α- syn as mediator of the selective neuronal loss in AD and will develop novel therapeuties targeting α -syn.


Canada Research Chair in Nutrition, Metabolism and Vascular biology

CRC funding has allowed us to take a lead internationally in research on diets combining cholesterol-lowering food components in a single diet in order to maximize serum cholesterol reduction and reduce other heart disease risk factors. We have termed this approach a dietary portfolio and demonstrated that under metabolically controlled conditions the cholesterol lowering effect may be drug-like with 30% reductions in LDL-cholesterol. Due to the pilot studies which were made possible by CRC funding, we are now funded for future studies by CIHR to improve this dietary approach further and by an additional CIHR grant to carry out a multicenter trial across Canada to determine the effectiveness of this approach in clinical practice. This study will be the first multicenter dietary trial in Canada and one of very few such dietary trials internationally aimed at cholesterol reduction. We believe that sustained CRC funding will allow us to continue to explore new areas of importance related to heart disease and diabetes and maintain our leadership role.

Canada Research Chairs - CIHR Funded - Tier 2


Collaborative Research:  A Nanoparticle Embedment Method to Determine Surface and Interface Properties of Viscoelastic Liquids and Solids

The behavior of materials at the nanoscale is a matter of great importance due to their use in applications as diverse as particles for reinforcement of polymer composites to low k dielectric applications in micro/nano electronics.  It has been widely postulated that the surface properties often dominate nanometer size materials and their interactions.  In the present work, we will build upon novel nanosphere embedment experiments and develop novel nanorod embedment methods to determine the surface mechanical properties of a series of polymeric materials.  The work develops atomic force microscopy methods to obtain materials data for polymers from the glassy to the rubbery states.  In addition, both computational and analytical work will be used so that the time dependent modulus and Poisson's ratio can be obtained.  Finally, in the proposed work, students from Texas Tech Univesity and Oklahoma State University will work  in collaboration with their opposites at the relevant institutions.


PONTIFICAL CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF PR MARC HONOR PROGRAM


Returning genetic research panel results for breast cancer susceptibility

PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Given increasing entry of genetic tests from the research to the clinical setting there is an urgent need for multidisciplinary translational research that can guide standards for return of individual genetic research results in a way that benefits the health and minimizes the risks for individuals and accommodates individuals' differences in preferences and needs for genomic information. We expect this research to increase our understanding of patient interest in receiving individual research results, as well as the risks, benefits and costs of returning results. These data are crucial to, and will inform the ongoing debate and development of evidence based guidelines for return of individual genetic research results.


Training in Translational Develomental Neuroscience


HAWAII REBUILD AMERICA PROGRAM (RBA-8).  STATE OF HAWAII SUPPORT AND DIRECT TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TO HAWAII REBUILD AMERICA PARTNERS TO ENCOURAGE IMPL


地学教育における実験実習教材としての有孔虫化石の研究

Principal Investigator：八田 明夫, Project Period (FY)：1979, Research Category：Grant-in-Aid for Encouragement of Young Scientists (B), Research Field：地学


NON-LINEAR INTERNAL WAVE EVOLUTION IN THE SOUTH CHINA SEA: 2006-07 ANALYSIS


Development of reliable daily physical function evaluation system using model-based simple measurement method

We proposed a new reliable method for evaluating the important human functions of chewing, swallowing, and breathing using an RGB-D camera. The evaluation models were developed based on the 3D feature points of the face, neck, and body obtained from RGB and depth information. The path, speed, and rhythm of the movement of occlusion and mouth opening and closing and the volume change of the occlusal muscles for each cycle are evaluated for mastication. The movement trajectory of pharyngeal prominence is tracked by extracting 3D features of the laryngeal region and detecting the prominence for evaluation of swallowing. The degree of thoracic and abdominal breathing is calculated based on the changes in volume of the chest and abdomen by detecting the movement of the diaphragm from the costal arch for evaluation of breathing. As the result, the methods showed that the states and functions of chewing, swallowing, and breathing can be evaluated with high accuracy using a simple device.


NEW; TITLE: DIRECT, INDIRECT AND INTERACTIVE EFFECTS OF WARMING AND ELEVATED CO2 ON GRASSLAND CARBON METABOLISM; PI: ELISE PENDALL


Conflict, Cooperation and the Evolution of Conditional Social Behaviors in Colonial Marine Invertebrates

Grosberg   9906741

The tension between conflict and cooperation drives the evolution of social behavior, occasionally leading to permanent transitions in social organization.  More commonly, however, the tension results in the evolution of transitory social liaisons among conspecifics that form, disintegrate and reform from place to place and generation to generation.  Underlying many of these transient associations is a spectrum of plastic behaviors -some altruistic, some selfish - whose expression depends on the social environment provided by interacting conspecifics.  Current theories of social evolution build on the fundamental role of kin selection, while acknowledging that other facets of the social environment influence the costs and benefits of altruistic and selfish behaviors, hence the conditions under which they should be expressed.  All else being equal, individuals should direct altruistic (or cooperative) behaviors toward relatives, and selfish behaviors away from relatives.  Individuals should also modulate the expression of altruistic and selfish behaviors according to the prevailing social environment and their own ontogenetic state.  Finally, changes in the social environment experienced by different species should promote the diversification of social behavior.
Despite the ubiquity and theoretical importance of these conditional behaviors in the regulation of ecological interactions involving predators, competitors, and mates, virtually nothing is known about how the social environment affects their expression and evolution, especially in marine organisms.  This research project will test and extend the basic predictions of social evolutionary theory using a group of colonial marine cnidarians (the hydractiniids) that exhibit dramatic, context-dependent behaviors, including intergenotypic fusion (and chimera formation) and aggression, and that experience a broad range of social environments.  By examining from ecological, genetic, and phylogenetic perspectives how selection mediated by the social environment influences the expression and evolution of fusion and aggression in this behaviorally and socially diverse group of hydrozoans, this research will build a general foundation for understanding the evolution of conditional behaviors, the cues underlying their expression, and their widespread effects at the level of the population and community.


PREDICTORS OF RESPONSE TO BRONCHIAL THERMOPLASTY IN SEVERE ASTHMA

PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Asthma is a major cause of morbidity worldwide and affects nearly 10% of the population of the United States, accounting for a health care expenditure of over $56 billion. Severe asthma accounts for the lion's share of this burden, and many patients with severe asthma are not able to achieve control with conventional therapies. The proposed work aims to identify responders and non-responders to a novel therapy for severe asthma, bronchial thermoplasty. This addresses a previously unmet need for treatment of a major public health problem by finding ideal patients for this therapy while excluding patients who are unlikely to derive benefit, thereby maximizing efficacy and safety in this high-risk population.


Pre-College Teacher Development in Science


SFC Award (Indian Currency) for Support of Participants of  U.S. Lecturers at Ahmedabad Winter Workshop on the Early    Universe, November 19-24, 1984


Modulation of TNFR1 and other inflammatory pathways during acute and resolving lung injury

Doctoral Training Partnerships: a range of postgraduate training is funded by the Research Councils. For information on current funding routes, see the common terminology at https://www.ukri.org/apply-for-funding/how-we-fund-studentships/. Training grants may be to one organisation or to a consortia of research organisations. This portal will show the lead organisation only.

Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council


計測値による歯牙の根と根管形態の分析(特に上顎小臼歯について)

Principal Investigator：藤原 定, Project Period (FY)：1979, Research Category：Grant-in-Aid for Encouragement of Young Scientists (A), Research Field：Morphological basic dentistry

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science


Kommunikation und Öffentlichkeit: Telegrafie in BritischIndien, 18491947

Mit der Einrichtung der Telegrafie in den späten 183oer Jahren wurde die Welt innerhalb weniger Jahrzehnte zum ersten Mal vernetzt. Überland- und Unterwasserkabel bildeten die technische Grundlage dieses Netzwerkes, das besonders die Bestandteile des Britischen Empires umfasste. Gab es in den USA und in Großbritannien Vorbehalte gegen das neue Kommunikationsmedium, was seinen baldigen Einsatz verzögerte, erkannten im Gegensatz dazu die Generalgouverneure in Britisch Indien schnell den strategischen Nutzen eines solchen Netzwerkes. Das neue Kommunikationsmedium war in Indien schnell aufgebaut und mit dem ersten funktionierenden Unterwasserkabel auch mit Europa verbunden. Jedoch entglitt den Briten im Laufe der Zeit die Kontrolle über die indische Kolonie. Hier machten sich indische Industrielle, die Intelligenzija und liberale wie radikale Nationalistenkreise die Eigenschaften der Telegrafie zunutze. Wie die Zeitungen trug auch dieses Medium zur Entstehung einer indischen Öffentlichkeit bei, die sich mittels der modernen Kommunikationsmittel überhaupt erst als solche definieren, sich formieren und schließlich schlagkräftig organisieren konnte. Im Spannungsverhältnis dieses Dualismus¿, vor allem aber in dem Beitrag des Telegrafen zur Entstehung einer indischen Öffentlichkeit, liegt das Innovative des Forschungsinteresses.


INTERVENTION MODEL FOR COCAINE USING MOTHERS &PRETERMS


A randomized, double-blind, multi-center comparative effectiveness study of spironolactone versus doxycycline hyclate for the treatment of acne in women

Project Narrative Acne is responsible for a greater global burden of disease than psoriasis, cellulitis, and melanoma. While antibiotics are the most often used oral treatment for women with acne, use of antibiotics may contribute to bacterial resistance, pharyngitis, inflammatory bowel disease, and colon and breast cancer. We will conduct a double-blind randomized controlled non-inferiority comparative effectiveness study of spironolactone versus doxycycline for women with acne. This study will address a critical research gap regarding whether spironolactone, which targets the hormonal factors underlying acne, is a safe and effective alternative to oral antibiotics for women with acne, as well as the impact of spironolactone versus doxycycline treatment on the microbiome.


非定常翼列の動特性評価に関する研究

Principal Investigator：西山 哲男, Project Period (FY)：1972, Research Category：Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)


T-COHR:  Training in Craniofacial and Oral Health Research

In the United States, there remains a critical need for well-trained investigators in dental, oral and craniofacial research. This training grant application supports Training in Craniofacial and Oral Health Research (T-COHR), an integrated program based in the College of Dental Medicine at the Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC) to help train the next generation of clinician scientists and scientists engaged in dental, oral and craniofacial research. Research training will be in the areas of oral infection and inflammation, oral cancer, bioengineering and craniofacial regeneration, and bio-behavioral factors related to oral health in special populations.


Functional architecture of IP3-evoked local Ca2+signals


Contributions of the striatal direct pathway to the formation of corticofugal axon trajectories

Project Narrative: Malformed and/or malfunctioning basal ganglia circuitry is thought to contribute to the behavioral deficits that define common neurodevelopmental disorders, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. The experiments proposed in this application attempt to understand the genetic and molecular origins of these abnormal neural circuits. The successful completion of this work will contribute to long-term efforts to develop therapies that improve the motor, cognitive, and social outcomes for patients with these neurological disorders.


Impact of Malaria Co-Infection on HIV Vaccination

PROJECT NARRATIVE Here, we propose to determine the impact of prior malaria infection on the efficacy of a novel mucosal SHIV vaccination strategy in non-human primates. We hypothesize that malaria infection will alter components of the gastrointestinal immune system, including the intestinal microbiome. These alterations will decrease the effectiveness of SHIV vaccination and increase the rate of SHIV acquisition after challenge.


Nanocluster synthesis: ternary phase, mixed main group and "linked" high nuclearity cluster complexes

No summary - Aucun sommaire

Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada


This grant supports planning and analysis of observations taken by the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope ARray (NuSTAR) satellite, a NASA small Explorer space mission whose primary mission is in astrophysics. NuSTAR is the next generation of X-ray observatories to be launch in May 2012 and provides a 200-fold advance in hard X-ray sensitivity over current capabilities that will open up entirely new view of astrophysical objects in X-rays including our Sun. The newly established group in ‘Applied High-Energy Heliophysics’ at University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland (FHNW) funded by this grant is part of the NuSTAR science team in charge of NuSTAR observations of our Sun. The main goal of this grant is to study why the solar atmosphere at temperatures of several million degrees is that much hotter than the solar surface at 6000 degree. With the extraordinary increase in sensitivity provided by NuSTAR, we will be able to test the so-called ‘nanoflare heating’ theory predicting that many tiny explosions seen in X-rays provide enough energy to keep the solar atmosphere at that extraordinary hot temperature.

Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung

University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland (without UTE) – FHNW


HPLC SYSTEM, LC, FPLC SYSTEM, ANOMALOSCOPE, WATSMART


Travel to Attend: Conference on Commutative Algebra and     Algebraic Geometry; Oberwolfach, West Germany; May 10-13,   1979


Collaborative Research:  Lightning and Associated Electrical Activity at Erupting Volcanoes

Recent studies of Augustine Volcano, funded by other sources, have shown that there are two distinct types of observable electrical activity associated with eruptions.  One is a newly discovered continuous radio frequency (RF) radiation at the crater mouth during the main eruption, and the other is large-scale lightning in the volcanic plume several minutes after the main eruption, with characteristics similar to lightning found in thunderstorms. These observations, made using Lightning Mapping Array (LMA) instrumentation developed at the New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, were the first detailed, high time resolution observations of such volcanic electrical activity. In this new research program volcano-produced electrical activity will be observed at two permanent sites in Alaska with an array of atmospheric electrical instrumentation including the LMA to make detailed three-dimensional images of the electrical activity; and electric field mills, fast antennas and slow antennas to characterize the polarity of the lightning activity. A low-power version of the LMA sensor will be developed, which will allow for long-term monitoring of volcanic electrical activity in remote locations, and for rapid deployment to sites with no grid power available. The research will involve both scientific studies of volcanic lightning and electrical activity, and continued development and advancement of the instrumentation for making such observations. The intellectual merit of the proposed research will derive from the scientific investigations. One major scientific goal is to use lightning mapping observations to ascertain the electrical structure of volcanic plume clouds. This will help lead to a better understanding of the charging mechanism in the plume. A second major goal is to better characterize the continuous RF activity during the explosive phase. A third major goal is to ascertain the usefulness of monitoring of electrical activity as an additional tool for the determination of the status of active volcanoes.

Broader impacts of the proposed activity will include further development of the lightning mapping technique as a useful technology to study and monitor volcanic eruptions. The system that will be developed could evolve into one that could be used to monitor a volcano and confirm eruptions, even when weather conditions preclude visual observations. It could be used as an additional tool to help volcanologists in their decision-making process for generating warnings to nearby populations, and to aircraft. Tracking of the in-plume lightning can give the direction that the ash cloud is moving. The system will give the volcanologists another tool to study the eruptions with high time resolution. The understanding of charging in the volcanic plume could lead to a better understanding of the charging in thunderstorms. A final aspect of the proposed research will be the development of a set of lightweight, solar-powered, battery-operated mapping stations that can be readily deployed for a variety of experiments and studies that are as yet not easily conducted. The involvement of graduate and undergraduate students both in the scientific and applied aspects of the research has broad implications for their education that can only come from working on real problems. This research will involve a collaboration between atmospheric and earth scientists in a cross-disciplinary environment. Inter-agency and international collaborations will be established as needed to work with groups in areas where it looks reasonable to deploy our instrumentation to study active volcanoes. This interdisciplinary activity has already introduced new techniques that will be used for monitoring active volcanoes in Alaska. The collaborations will become broader as interactions develop with volcanologists and disaster planners in communities near volcanoes around the world.


Development of a new method for structural modeling of protein-membrane complexes

We developed three new methods for reliable structural modeling of protein-membrane complexes: Voronoi tessellation Monte Carlo integration method, Surface-tension replica-exchange molecular dynamics method, and Method to predict the optimal orientation of membrane proteins with Generalized Born implicit membrane model. These methods are useful to perform reliable molecular dynamics simulations of membrane proteins and mixed lipid bilayer systems like lipid rafts.

The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research


Intensive Palliative Care: Improving the Process of Palliative Ventilator Withdrawal Among Critically Ill Older Adults

This research is relevant to public health as more than 1 in 5 Americans die in intensive care units (ICUs), and the majority of patients are older adults with advanced illness. This proposal will generate information to reduce distress among older ICU patients on mechanical ventilation who are transitioning to comfort focused care, and an intervention with the ICU team of nurses, doctors and therapists to improve symptom control. First, to better understand the patient experience and providers’ perspectives, ICU patients over 60 years old will be followed prospectively during the process of removing ventilator support; Second, a checklist intervention for the ICU team will be developed to improve the process of removing ventilator support; Finally, a pilot study will determine if the intervention is feasible to conduct and provide information for future studies to gauge efficacy in reducing episodes of distress.


Molecular studies of VZV infection, latency and reactivation in human neurons in-vitro

PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Most people worldwide are infected by varicella zoster virus (VZV) when they have chickenpox. Virus then remains in their nerves for life: in about a third of people, it reemerges late in life to cause "shingles", a painful and debilitating disease that can have major life-changing long-term consequences, including loss of vision. The state of the virus in neurons and what leads to reawakening have been extraordinarily difficult to study. We now have a cultured human neuron system that recapitulates latency and reactivation, and the work proposed will use it to study VZV latency reemergence and the means to prevent them.


A new model of heterogeneity in schizophrenia based on severity of illness and familial characteristics


Plasticity and Energy Adaptations in Cancer Cell Migration


No summary - Aucun sommaire

Industrial Undergraduate Student Research Awards


Mechanism of Action of Retinoic Acid Using CD38

PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This is a multi investigator proposal to study the mechanism of action by which retinoic acid (a form of vitamin A) reverses a neoplastic phenotype. Retinoic acid (RA) is a well known cancer chemopreventive agent also used in differentiation induction cancer chemotherapy, which exploits its ability to reverse a proliferatively active, differentiatively immature neoplastic phenotype to a proliferatively quiescent, differentiatively mature phenotype. The proposed studies investigate how the CD38 receptor contributes propulsion to RA-induced differentiation/arrest. In summary the studies will show how different CD38 activities contribute propulsion to the RA-induced phenotypic conversion and growth arrest of differentiation.


Immunochemotherapy in Visceral Leishmaniasis

Project Narrative: Relevance of This Research Improving treatment in patients with visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar) is relevant to NIH's health mission for three reasons: (a) this infection is a most neglected parasitic disease with recognized significance in endemic regions, (b) without vaccine to prevent infection, the only practical avenue to advancing its clinical manage- ment is new treatment approaches, and (c) this experimental research in animals will show how to best har- ness host immune mechanisms to meaningfully enhance effectiveness of antileishmanial drug therapy. To develop and apply combination immunochemotherapy, our research objectives are to amplify and accelerate initial drug-induced parasite killing and strengthen long-lasting effects to prevent posttreatment relapse of residual visceral infection. This project's objectives and experimental strategies also hold the promise of improving treatment in other similar infections in which host defense depends on optimally activating T cell- dependent immune mechanisms.


37th International Congress on Limnology

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo

Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC). Centro de Engenharia, Modelagem e Ciências Sociais Aplicadas (CECS)


Collaborative Proposal: Students' Attempts at Understanding the Unobservable: A Multi-Method Approach to Visualization Analysis and Design (Empirical Contextual Research Strand)

Student comprehension of scientific concepts and principles presents a particular challenge when the phenomena are not directly observable. This issue has emerged as core to effective teaching and successful student learning in chemistry. The goal is to identify whether students' individual differences influence the effectiveness of visualizations for learning scientific concepts as measured with process and product-based metrics of evaluation. The investigators will also develop design principles for the use of visualizations as instructional tools in chemistry and STEM fields more broadly.

The central issues are: When and how students rely on visualizations while trying to comprehend unobservable chemistry content; whether reliance on visualizations varies as a function of student characteristics; and whether usage patterns inform instructional interventions. In a series of randomized, controlled experiments involving undergraduates at four institutions, investigators will: (a) determine baseline chemical knowledge, spatial ability, reasoning ability, and interest in learning; (b) use eye tracking to characterize the moment-by-moment scan and fixation processes that students rely on while viewing visualizations; (c) utilize concurrent interview protocols to assess learning strategies and knowledge acquisition; and (d) implement post-visualization tests to examine student memory for the visualization content and application of knowledge.


The Ontology and Culture of Queer+ Classical Performance, Urban Geographies, and Community Engaged Art

Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada


胎仔環境下におけるケロイド組織の変化および同組織中のTGF-βのmRNAの発現

本研究は妊娠ヌードマウス(nu/nu)を用い、母親および胎仔の皮下にヒトケロイド組織を移植し、これによりケロイド組織が胎仔環境下で変化を受けるか否かを、見ることを目的として始まった。われわれは予備実験として、まず胎児環境を調べるため、マウス胎児における線維芽細胞のTGF-beta 1作用によるコラーゲン産成能の変化、組織学的に胎児期の創傷治癒がハンコンなく治癒する時期から、ハンコンが出現する時期へ変化する時点を明らかにすることとした。妊娠13日から18日のマウス計、30匹に胎児手術を施し、創を作製した後3日、5日目に採取し、ホルマリン固定後、H-E染色によりこの時期を確認した。その結果、マウスにおいては妊娠15日目と16日目の間にこの変化が起こることが示された。次に胎生13日から18日の各胎児から線維芽細胞を初代培養し、その後継代培養し各時期からの線維芽球細胞からmRNAを抽出し、TGF-beta 1に対するcDNAによりnothern hybridizationを行い、各時期のTGF-beta 1 mRNAの発現を観察した。その結果、培養線維芽球細胞においては胎生13日から16日でTGF-beta 1 mRNAの発現が強く、以後漸減し、成獣マウス線維芽細胞において再び発現が強くなることが示された。今回の研究はここで科研費が終了し、残念ながらここまでの研究となった。しかし胎児の創傷治癒において、ハンコンがない時期からハンコンが残る時期への転換点を明らかにした報告はなく、本研究の意義は大きかったと思われる。

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science


Auditory Perception of Drug Names: Neighborhood Effects


Demos: A Network for Ideas & Action - to conduct national research and outreach to educate key stakeholders about the financial barriers confronting community college students and to in...

to conduct national research and outreach to educate key stakeholders about the financial barriers confronting community college students and to investigate and publicize the potential of specific policy solutions to increase completion rates among community college students


MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA AND CARDIAC LYMPH: AN INTERACTION


Assessing intraspecific variation in frost tolerance of northern tree species: implications for assisted migration and climate change

Ironically, assessing whether trees are frost tolerant is critical for helping managed forests adapt to global warming, because one of the most promising adaptation strategies, within-range assisted migration, relies on planting native species using seeds or seedlings that have been imported from warmer climates. This strategy not only assumes that southern transplants will be better adapted to rising temperatures than local trees, but also that they are tolerant of current conditions, particularly growing-season frost. While transplant experiments show that this is true of some species, it is not true of all the species that have been studied, and too few species have been studied to fully assess both the promise and risks of within-range assisted migration.  Assessing the frost tolerance of naturally established trees is also critical because global warming will advance the onset of spring growth while also amplifying temperature swings, making trees more vulnerable to frost damage, regardless of whether they are transplants or not. Trees may be particularly vulnerable if they initiate growth at the very beginning of the growing season, as a necessary, but risky adaptation to short growing seasons near the northern limit of a species' range. However, it remains uncertain whether peripheral northern populations are generally more vulnerable to frost than lower-latitude populations, highlighting the need to study naturally established trees as well as transplants. Clearly, predicting and mitigating the impact of climate change requires a better understanding of how frost influences the growth and survival of trees. Toward this end, the proposed research will assess the frost tolerance of transplants and naturally established trees. The three main objectives of the research are: 1) to assess the survival, growth and frost tolerance of transplanted hardwoods, using new transplant experiments; 2) to assess the impact of frost on the long-term growth of a transplanted conifer, using an existing transplant experiment; 3) to assess the impact of frost on naturally established trees, using a national tree-ring database. The proposed research will be of broad interest to scientists studying climate change adaptation because it will test fundamental assumptions about assisted migration. The results will also be valuable to society at large, including natural resource managers and policy makers who need to know how climate change and assisted migration will impact forests. Finally, the results of the new transplant experiments will be of economic interest to the forest sector, whose silvicultural strategies must adjust to the impacts of global warming.

Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada


BREAST CALCIFICATION DETECTION BY ACOUSTIC RESONANCE


UTMB's Summer Research Program for High School Students

The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston                        (UTMB) sponsors over six hundred research projects per                          year.  For the past seven years, the Summer Research                            Program (SRP) for High School Students has filled 107                           positions in these projects with 91 students mainly from                        GalvestonCounty and adjacent Harris County.                                          The SRP will provide sixteen participants a "hands on"                     experience in one research project and an overview of at                        least 25 other projects.  Participants: (1) are hired as                        laboratory Technical Assistants 40 hour per week for 8                          weeks; (2) do projects under the supervision of scientist                       preceptors; (3) report on their projects either by doing a                      slide-talk or a poster exhibit; (4) participate in a                            special research seminar conducted for them by faculty who                      are not preceptors; (5) discuss possible job choices; (6)                       participate in various orientation and social activities                        with peers, preceptors and staff.


Mechanism for virus persistence after acute infections

The persistence of viral genomes after acute viral infections can lead to the development of chronic diseases, including post-viral asthma, encephalitis, and cardiac disease. Our studies indicate that defective viral genomes created during viral replication promote the generation of long-term viral reservoirs by promoting the survival of a subpopulation of infected cells. Our proposed studies will investigate the mechanisms mediating this process and highlight new opportunities for therapeutic interventions to eliminate persistent viruses.


Mitochondrial Protein Acetylation and Energy Metabolism in Muscle

PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Obesity and diabetes are associated with decreased skeletal muscle activity of carnitine acetyltransferase (CrAT), an enzyme that regulates energy metabolism. CrAT insufficiency in the skeletal muscle contributes to metabolic dysfunction and compromises exercise tolerance. The proposed research seeks to understand how CrAT enhances muscle metabolism, and to identify potential therapeutic strategies for restoring CrAT function in the context of aging and disease.


Research for the biomarker of invasionand metastasis of oral cancer with partial EMT

口腔がんには他のがんと同様に転移を起こしやすいものと起こしにくいものがある。これらは手術の後の病理検査では明らかになる事が多いが、手術の前からあらかじめ「転移しやすいがん」がわかっておれば、患者個人に合わせたカスタムメイド治療を組み立てやすくなる。我々は癌細胞が持つ、いろいろな刺激に対して「可塑性」を持つ細胞の性質を解析して、口腔がんのカスタムメイド治療を組み立てる一助とする。


Designing Spaces of Indigenous Expression and Reconciliation

Joseph-Armand Bombardier Canada Graduate Scholarships - Master's


ENVIRONMENTAL AND HORMONAL FACTORS IN HIBERNATION


Electrophilic boronate activation: New concepts towards a green and practical catalytic enantioselective carbonyl allylation to access useful pharmaceutical intermediates

No summary - Aucun sommaire

Collaborative Research and Development Grants


Symposium: Tapping the Power of Crustacean Transcriptomes to Address Grand Challenges in Comparative Biology, Portland, Oregon, January 3-7, 2016

Transcriptomic research approaches allow investigators to comprehensively analyze the profile of messenger RNA used to produce protein in cells or tissue samples.  The most popular such approach, called "RNA-seq" (for RNA-sequencing) is finding its way into all areas of comparative and integrative biology, yielding insights that are difficult or impossible to attain with the traditional protein-by-protein or gene-by-gene approach.  But, there are impediments to using the technology, especially for novel or so-called "non-model" organisms.  This award will support a symposium, "Tapping the Power of Crustacean Transcriptomes to Address Grand Challenges in Comparative Biology," and associated activities that will be held at the Society for Comparative & Integrative Biology (SICB) meeting in Portland, Oregon Jan. 3-7, 2016. The symposium will help researchers both identify, and move past such impediments.  The symposium is co-sponsored by The Crustacean Society and five SICB Divisions. In addition, the PI and symposium organizers are Executive Committee members of the Animal Genome to Phenome Research Coordination Network (AG2P RCN). The program consists of 11 presentations representing six research areas using transcriptomics to a variety of research questions in crustacean biology. There will be a complementary session with speakers selected from submitted abstracts.   The accompanying luncheon, feedback booth, Twitter feed, and workshop will further broaden participation across disciplines, gender, ethnicity, and professional rank.

The activities supported by this award will include: (1) a lunch scheduled early in the meeting to introduce the AG2P RCN; (2) an RNA-seq feedback booth in the exhibition hall and Twitter feed to gather comments and identify needs from SICB members; and (3) a transcriptomics workshop to review pipelines and best practices that include responses from the feedback booth. Expected outcomes of the workshop include a policy paper on creating an interface and pipeline for the analysis of RNA-seq data, and recruitment of participants in the AG2P RCN.  Conference papers planned for publication in the SICB journal, Integrative and Comparative Biology (ICB) will serve as a valuable resource for future researchers.

Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology


PPHF-13-NATIONAL ENVIRONMENT PUBLIC HEALTH TRACKING SYSTEM

COLORADO STATE DEPT/PUB HLTH & ENVIRONMT


Chromatography refrigerator and freezers for plant molecular biology

A modern molecular biology and biochemistry laboratory requires specialized refrigeration and freezer capacity in order to operate safely and effectively.  Of particular importance is long-term storage of research material, often the result of years of work and usually irreplaceable.  In addition, many experiments need to be carried out with specialized equipment cooled below room temperature in order to generate accurate, reproducible research results.  The current application is to equip the lab of Dr. Christopher Todd, a new faculty member at the University of Saskatchewan, with a chromatography refrigerator, low temperature and ultra-low temperature freezers for use in his NSERC sponsored research program. Dr. Todd's research program examines the regulation of nitrogen metabolism and nitrogen fixation in legume species at the molecular and biochemical levels.  Nitrogen fixation in legumes is an extremely important natural mechanism in the global nitrogen cycle since it converts nitrogen, a fundamental component of protein and other biomolecules, to a form usable by the plants.  In turn, in agricultural legumes, this provides an important way to provide nitrogen to the diets of both humans and livestock.  The current application is to support Dr. Todd's research into understanding how these processes are regulated in plants and how abiotic stresses, such as water limitation, might affect this regulation.

Research Tools and Instruments - Category 1 (<$150,000)


An Open Resource for Autism iPSCs and Their Derivatives

NARRATIVE  The overall purpose of this project is to overcome a critical barrier in the field of autism research; namely,  accessibility to statistically relevant numbers of patient-derived neural tissues. Our novel strategy, which  is based on our considerable human neural stem cell (NSC), human embryonic stem cell (ESC), and  biorepository experience, is to obtain fibroblasts from specific autism and control patients, derive induced  pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from the fibroblasts, differentiate NSCs from the iPSCs, characterize and  contrast and compare these cells using gene microarray and bioinformatics techniques, and provide the  cells to specific autism researchers. Dr. James Thomson of the University of Wisconsin will act as  consultant for the iPSC portion of this effort. Dr. Jeanne Loring of The Scripps Research Institute will act  as consultant for the bioinformatics portion of this effort. This strategy will put the maximum number of  patient-derived neural tissues (i.e. neural cell lines) in the maximum number of researchers' hands.  Specific Aim #1: Generation and Characterization of Autism and Control iPSC Lines  Patient recruitment: Expertise and infrastructure for patient recruitment and consent already exists with  the National Human Neural Stem Cell Resource (NHNSCR), which the PI founded and directs. Using the  expertise of an existing autism clinical team, specific autism and control patients will be identified and  recruited to give consent for donation of either existing fibroblasts or of a piece of biopsy skin from which  fibroblasts may be derived. The consortium PI, Dr. Randi Hagerman, of the UCDavis MIND Institute will  work with the PI on this goal. In addition, Dr. Jane Pickett of the Autism Tissue Program (ATP) of Autism  Speaks, and Dr. Clara Lajonchere of the Autism Genetic Resource Exchange (AGRE) of Autism Speaks  will act as consultants.  iPSC derivation: iPSCs will be derived from the fibroblasts, using existing methodologies, by transducing  them with lentiviral vectors encoding for the transcription factor genes OCT4, NANOG, LIN28, and SOX2.  This work will be done in collaboration with Dr. James Thomson of the University of Wisconsin.  Considerable expertise for PSC culture and characterization already exists in the PI's lab. In addition, the  PI has recently received a supplement from the NIH to add iPSC derivation to his human ESC training  course.  iPSC characterization: All iPSCs will be characterized using immunocytochemistry and gene microarray  (Dr. Jeanne Loring, collaborator) and will be karyotyped and analyzed for identity and stability by SNP  genotyping. CNV analysis will also be done (Dr. Heather Mefford, collaborator) iPSCs will be expanded  and banked at early and later passages.  Specific Aim #2: NSC Differentiation and Characterization  Neural Differentiation: iPSCs, after they have been sufficiently expanded, characterized, and banked, will  be induced to differentiate down the neural lineage into neural stem cells using established procedures.  Considerable expertise for human NSC culture and characterization already exists in the PI's lab.  NSC Characterization: NSCs will be characterized using immunocytochemistry and gene microarray and  will be karyotyped and analyzed for identity and stability by SNP genotyping. NSCs will be expanded and  banked at early and later passages.  Specific Aim #3: Cell Distribution  Researcher recruitment: Researchers likely to make use of the iPSC/NSCs will be found using the NIH's  Crisp database and the researchers database of the Autism Tissue Program and AGRE of Autism  Speaks. California researchers meeting these criteria have already been identified and will be the first to  benefit from this autism iPSC/NSC repository. Considerable expertise for stem cell distribution already  exists in the PI's lab.  Training: Researchers wishing to use the iPSCs or the NSCs, but lacking sufficient expertise, will be  brought to our laboratories and either thoroughly trained or be allowed to carry out their preliminary  studies. Considerable expertise for stem cell training already exists in our laboratory.


Improved analysis of experiments and observational studies in HIV

NARRATIVE More robust and accurate health knowledge is a cornerstone of better health policy and action. Results from experimental and observational HIV studies can be made better and more policy-relevant through development and use of new methods at the interface of statistics, epidemiology, causal inference, and artificial intelligence. In this work, we propose new and improved estimators of the risk (or survival) function.


PARENT DEMOGRAPHIC BEHAVIOR--CHILD HEALTH &DEVELOPMENT


W/CuGradientenstrukturen für Komponenten mit unmittelbarem Plasmakontakt in Fusionsreaktoren

Die Grundlagenuntersuchungen in diesem Vorhaben dienen der Entwicklung von Werkstoffkonzepten für die stationäre Abfuhr von sehr hohen Wärmeflüssen. Solche Belastungsbedingungen treten z.B. an plasmanahen Komponenten von zukünftigen Fusionsreaktoren auf. Das Ziel ist die Klärung des Einflusses eines Gradientenübergangs zwischen plasmaseitigem Wolfram und der Wärmesenke aus einer CuCrZr-Legierung auf die Verringerung thermisch bedingter Spannungen in den durch den Wärmefluss und Temperaturwechsel höchstbelasteten Bauteilen. Im Rahmen des Projektes sollen die Herstellungswege der Gradientenbauteile erforscht, der Belastungsfall analysiert und die auf der Basis lokaler Werkstoffkennwerte ausgelegten Modellkomponenten anwendungsrelevanten Tests unterzogen werden. Dazu wurde im ersten Projektzeitraum eine Vielzahl von geeigneten Modell-Proben mit unterschiedlichem W/CuCrZr-Konzentrationsverhältnis hergestellt und daran die zur Verifizierung der FEM-Modellierung notwendigen ortsabhängigen Werkstoffkennwerte bestimmt. Diese zeigen vor allem anhand der erhöhten mechanischen Eigenschaften den positiven Einfluss der CuCrZr-Legierung im Vergleich zu reinem Kupfer. Die Ergebnisse der FEM-Simulationen sind äußerst vielversprechend, da sie in weiten Teilen sehr gut mit den experimentell bestimmten Kennwerten übereinstimmen. Basierend auf diesen Ergebnissen und der noch zu entwickelnden Technologie zur W/CuCrZr-Gradienten-Modellbauteilherstellung werden im zweiten Teil des Projektes mit Hilfe von FEM-Modellierungen zur Geometrie und Zusammensetzung des gradierten Überganges anwendungsoptimierte W/CuCrZr-Gradientenwerkstoffe hergestellt und diese im Bezug auf die Gefügecharakteristika, das Gradientenprofil bzw. die thermischen Eigenschaften umfassend charakterisiert. Die optimierten Gradientenwerkstoffe werden in geeignete Modellbauteile integriert und in anwendungsnahen Versuchen getestet. Aus den so ermittelten Eigenschaftsprofilen werden in Kombination mit den Ergebnissen der FEMModellierungen in iterativen Schritten Rückschlüsse auf eine weitere Verfahrens- und Werkstoffoptimierung gezogen.


PHASE II STUDY TO COMPARE CDB-2914 AND LEVONORGESTREL


PARTNERS IN HEALTH-TEACHERS, STUDENTS, PUBLIC - PHASE 2

UNIVERSITY OF ARKANSAS MED SCIS LTL ROCK


研削加工の適応制御化に関する基礎的研究

Principal Investigator：安井 平司, Project Period (FY)：1975, Research Category：Grant-in-Aid for Encouragement of Young Scientists (A), Research Field：機械工作

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science


Derivation and dopaminergic differentiation of human drug addict-specific iPS cel

Addiction can be defined as a loss of control of substance use despite adverse consequences. The World Health Organization estimates that there are 2 billion alcohol users, 1.3 billion tobacco users and 185 million illicit drug users worldwide. People who are addicted cannot control their need for the substance of abuse, even in the face of negative health, social or legal consequences. As a result, addiction to legal and illegal substances destroys the lives of both patients and their families, exerting tremendous cost and burden on the society. Unfortunately, the cause of addiction is currently unknown. The molecular- and cellular-based mechanisms that contribute to the initiation and development of addition remain to be elucidated. Results of our studies will provide a detailed characterization of brain cell function in patients afflicted with addiction and will offer insight into the mechanisms that contribute to this complex, devastating disease.


Intravascular microstructural, chemical and biomechanical characterization of coronary plaques

The most prevalent type of heart disease is caused by atherosclerosis, the thickening of the vessel wall and creation of atherosclerotic plaque. In this project, we will develop an imaging tool for the compre- hensive assessment of atherosclerotic plaque composition and vulnerability, with a clear pathway for translation into the clinical environment to enable the determination of the optimal treatment strategy in individual patients.


Improving Quality of Care for the Treatment of Childhood Pneumonia


HIT for Facilitating Problem Solving in Diabetes Management

The proposed HIT solution will be designed to help individuals with diabetes improve their problem-solving abilities, develop better self-care behaviors and improve their health. As such, this project has a high potential public health impact.


BIOMEDICAL COMPUTING SUPPORT FOR CANCER PREVENTION AND


"Two million older people need care in the UK. 400,000 live in care homes. 820,000 have a dementia diagnosis and many more are affected by it. Globally, 350m people need care and over 100m have dementia. The numbers are growing.

Reminiscence - including life story discussion - is a key technique to help protect precious memories. It gives carers and family a meaningful way to engage with their loved one. Old photos are an essential element but carers rarely know who the people in the photos are, or the family stories attached to them. Written notes can help but many people with dementia can no longer read. And dementia sufferers may destroy unadapted products however precious they are - ""fiddling"" is a part of the disease for many. The net result is a loss of connection to the past, to one's family and to one's self.

Currently every approach to reminiscence uses just one stimulus – sight. But we all know the joy of hearing family members’ voices; the uplifting power of hearing a beloved grandchild, child or spouse. And these voices are so rarely present for those in care. Family visits once a week, for the lucky ones. And when spouses pass away, their voices go with them.

The “Re-Mind” talking photo album is conceived by and for older people and those with dementia, their families and their carers. Each photo will be accompanied by voiceover from loved ones, telling the story of that photo. The voices in their own right will bring joy. By identifying the people, places and stories in the photo, the voiceover will help with both reminiscence and to sustain vital memories. Carers can use the resulting family history as a springboard for deeper and more meaningful conversations. And with the voiceover, many older people can use the album without relying on carer support.

In research, the concept has met with excitement amongst professional and family carers alike. This is not just a gap in the market, it is a whole new tool for delivering person-centred, joyful care.
"


No summary - Aucun sommaire

Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada


Le rôle des médias numériques lors des inondations : stratégies de communication et d'utilisabilité pour alerter, informer et assister efficacement la population.


Epigenetic Age Acceleration as a Biomarker of Early Life Adversity and Mid-life Cognitive Function

NARRATIVE Early life adversity affects two-thirds of all children in the U.S. and exerts a sustained impact on adult cognitive function. DNA methylation is a candidate mechanism for how early life adversity can be embedded biologically to elicit a sustained risk for impaired cognitive function across the lifespan. Epigenetic age, a measure of the biological age of human tissues and cells derived from DNA methylation, is sensitive to early life adversity and predictive of cognitive impairment and a worsening of neuropathological indices of Alzheimer's Disease in late- life. Establishing epigenetic age as a biomarker of early life adversity and cognitive function at mid-life can aid in the detection of those individuals at greatest risk for cognitive impairment in late-life.


Children and their friends:  experimental research investigating attachment and friendship

Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada

Canada Graduate Scholarships Program - Masters Scholarships


The Role of Glutamate in the Action of LSD


アーキアにおけるtRNA修飾システムの解明

アーキオシン生合成経路を、生化学的手法を用いて明らかにする試みの他に、分子遺伝学的手法も考慮に入れた実験を計画した。アーキアにおいて遺伝子破壊系が確立されているThermococcus kodakaraensisのTGT遺伝子と候補遺伝子のクローン化を試みた。T.kodakaraensisから染色体DNAを調製し、それを鋳型にPCRを行うことで両遺伝子断片を取得した。さらに、発現ベクターpET-11aに組込み、大腸菌内での大量発現を試みたところ、両タンパク質の可溶性画分への発現を確認できた。次に、大腸菌細胞抽出液を熱処理することで、両タンパク質の耐熱性を評価した。両タンパク質は熱処理後(85℃、15分間)の上清に存在していたことから、耐熱性を保持していると考えられた。熱処理後(75℃、15分間)の各上澄み液を用いて精製条件を決定した。TGTを、RESOURCE PHE、HiTrap DEAEFF、RESOURCE Qカラムに供することで精製した。候補タンパク質を、RESOURCE ETH、HiTrap DEAEFF、RESOURCE Qカラムに供することにより精製した。両タンパク質ともに、SDS-PAGEゲル上で単一バンド(CBB染色)になるまで精製することができた。今後、それぞれの酵素活性を確認していくとともに、TGTおよび候補遺伝子断片を用いて遺伝子破壊用プラスミドを構築し、遺伝子破壊株を作製する予定である。


Development and Testing of ERE-Targeting Molecules for Breast Cancer Therapy


The EURORAA consortium is committed to stimulating high potential SMEs to enhance their innovation capacity and their managerial practices, in order to maximize their smart, sustainable and inclusive growth. The AURASME project is a subset of the COSME EURORAA consortium, based in the Rhône-Alpes and Auvergne regions in France. An integrated coordination within the existing activities in the work program of the EURORAA consortium is ensured. The partners involved are: Partner 1 (coordinator) CCIR Rhône-Alpes, Partner 2 ARDI Rhône-Alpes and Partner 4 CCIR Auvergne, so only Partner 3 (ERAI) of the consortium is not involved in this specific activity.
Host organizations of the AURASME project have an expertise in key factors for the successful implementation of this activity: support of innovation projects, in particular within the framework of European projects; good knowledge and experience in European programs for SMEs; experience in promoting and supporting different management systems within SMEs (quality, security, environment, performance…); wide approach to several key aspects of innovation system and good knowledge of the high growth potential SMEs located in the Rhône-Alpes and Auvergne regions.
The general objective of this proposal is to bridge the gap of lacking innovation management capacities within the targeted SMEs located in Rhône-Alpes and Auvergne regions, in order to maximise the economic impact of ambitious innovation projects at European and International level. The work program is strictly focused on the objectives described in the call for proposal and on the implementation of the two required service packages: Key Account Management and Enhancing Innovation Management Capacity.
The Work Programme describes the implementation of these two packages services, the detailed methodology and process for both services and their expected impact. A close link is maintained with the present EEN COSME related work programme.

CHAMBRE DE COMMERCE ET D'INDUSTRIEDE REGION AUVERGNE-RHONE-ALPES


The Intersection of Cutting-Edge Social Behavioral and Biomedical Strategies for


Low-power GPUs have become ubiquitous, they can be found in domains ranging from wearable and mobile computing, to automotive systems. With this ubiquity has come a wider range of applications exploiting low-power GPUs, placing ever increasing demands on the expected performance and power efficiency of the devices.  Future low-power system-on-chips will have to provide higher performance and be able to support more complex applications, without using any additional power.

The strict power limitations means that these demands cannot be met through hardware improvements alone, however, but the software must better exploit the available resources.  Unfortunately, programmers are hindered when creating low-power GPU software by the quality of current performance analysis tools.  In low-power GPU contexts there is only a minimal amount of performance information, and essentially no power information, available to the programmer.  As software becomes more complex it becomes increasingly unmanageable for programmers to optimise the software for low-power devices.

This project proposes to aid the programmer in creating software for low-power GPUs by building on the results of the first LPGPU project to provide a complete performance analysis process for the programmer.  This project will address all aspects of performance analysis, from hardware power and performance counters, to a toolchain that processes and visualises information from these counters, to applications that will be used as use-cases to drive the entire design.  To access the new hardware performance counters a standardisable API will be produced to interface to a prototype hardware implementation.  This will let the analysis and visualisation tool connect to any GPU driver that implements the API.  The consortium's expertise will be used not only to drive the initial design of the API and analyses, but also multiple application use-cases will be developed to demonstrate the efficacy of the toolchain.

H2020 LEIT Information and Communication Technologies


Experimentelle Untersuchung eines stochastischen Schätz und Segmentationsansatzes

Optische Flußfelder beschreiben die scheinbare Verschiebungsgeschwindigkeit von Grauwertstrukturen in Bildfolgen. Die Schätzung und Segmentation optischer Flußfelder ermöglichen die Detektion, Initialisierung sowie Verfolgung der Abbildungen von Objekten, z.B. zur Trajektorienbestimmung oder Kollisionsvermeidung. Gradientengestützte Ansätze zur Schätzung optischer Flußfelder beruhen auf der Extremisierung von Ausdrücken, bei der explizit oder implizit eine stochastische Unabhängigkeit der Komponenten geschätzter Grauwertgradienten unterstellt wird, die de facto nicht gegeben ist. Ein vom Antragsteller formulierter Ansatz überwindet diese grundlegende Schwierigkeit und sollte es dadurch ermöglichen, die Bestimmung bisher empirisch ermittelter Verfahrensparameter weitgehend auf Standardverfahren der Schätztheorie zurückzuführen. Untersuchungen der ersten Antragsphase ergaben allerdings, daß die jeweilige lokale Grauwertstruktur die Schätzergebnisse stärker als ursprünglich erwartet beeinflußt. Ein inzwischen entwickeltes adaptives Vorgehen trägt dem näherungsweise Rechnung. Die Schätz- und Segmentationsverfahren sind für -mit bewegter Kamera aufgenommene- Bildfolgen auszuweiten und abzusichern.


Funders Together to End Homelessness, Inc. - to provide for general operating support


COPPER METALLO BIOCHEMISTRY IN SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE


Peer Support--Congestive Heart Failure Self-Management


HUMAN KUNITZ KALLIKREIN INHIBITOR THERAPY FOR ARTHRITIS


PRIMITIVE STEM CELL ISOLATION WITH MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES