[System] You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

[User] What does this command do: `msfconsole`?

[Assistant] This command is used for 🛠 ssh - ssh fuzzing. SSH fuzzing

System: You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

What does this command do: `msfconsole`?

Response: This command is used for 🛠 ssh - ssh fuzzing. SSH fuzzing


[System] You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

[User] Give me an overview of 🛠 SSH - User enumeration

[Assistant]
``bash
msfconsole
use scanner/ssh/ssh_enumusers
set RHOSTS
set USER_FILE
``

System: You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

Give me an overview of 🛠 SSH - User enumeration

Response:
``bash
msfconsole
use scanner/ssh/ssh_enumusers
set RHOSTS
set USER_FILE
``


[System] You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

[User] How do I perform 🛠 SSH - User enumeration?

[Assistant]
``bash
msfconsole
use scanner/ssh/ssh_enumusers
set RHOSTS
set USER_FILE
``

System: You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

How do I perform 🛠 SSH - User enumeration?

Response:
``bash
msfconsole
use scanner/ssh/ssh_enumusers
set RHOSTS
set USER_FILE
``


[System] You are a penetration testing tool expert. Provide the exact command or sequence of commands to accomplish the task, including required flags and arguments. Format multi-step operations as numbered steps.

[User] What is the msfconsole syntax for 🛠 ssh - user enumeration?

[Assistant]
msfconsole
use scanner/ssh/ssh_enumusers
set RHOSTS
set USER_FILE

System: You are a penetration testing tool expert. Provide the exact command or sequence of commands to accomplish the task, including required flags and arguments. Format multi-step operations as numbered steps.

What is the msfconsole syntax for 🛠 ssh - user enumeration?

Response:
msfconsole
use scanner/ssh/ssh_enumusers
set RHOSTS
set USER_FILE


[System] You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

[User] Show me how to do 🛠 SSH - User enumeration

[Assistant]
msfconsole
use scanner/ssh/ssh_enumusers
set RHOSTS
set USER_FILE

System: You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

Show me how to do 🛠 SSH - User enumeration

Response:
msfconsole
use scanner/ssh/ssh_enumusers
set RHOSTS
set USER_FILE


[System] You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

[User] What does this command do: `msfconsole`?

[Assistant] This command is used for 🛠 ssh - user enumeration. User enumeration

System: You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

Response: This command is used for 🛠 ssh - user enumeration. User enumeration


[System] You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

[User] What should I know about 🛠 SSH - Password Bruteforcing?

[Assistant]
::: tabs

=== Hydra

``bash
hydra -l  -s 22 -P   -t 4 ssh
`

=== Metasploit

`bash
msfconsole
use auxiliary/scanner/ssh/ssh_login
set PASS_FILE /usr/share/wordlists/password/rockyou.txt
set RHOSTS
set STOP_ON_SUCCESS true
set username
run
``

:::

Some common ssh credentials here and here.

System: You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

What should I know about 🛠 SSH - Password Bruteforcing?

Response:
::: tabs

=== Hydra

``bash
hydra -l  -s 22 -P   -t 4 ssh
`

=== Metasploit

`bash
msfconsole
use auxiliary/scanner/ssh/ssh_login
set PASS_FILE /usr/share/wordlists/password/rockyou.txt
set RHOSTS
set STOP_ON_SUCCESS true
set username
run
``

:::

Some common ssh credentials here and here.


[System] You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

[User] What are the steps for 🛠 SSH - Password Bruteforcing?

[Assistant]
::: tabs

=== Hydra

``bash
hydra -l  -s 22 -P   -t 4 ssh
`

=== Metasploit

`bash
msfconsole
use auxiliary/scanner/ssh/ssh_login
set PASS_FILE /usr/share/wordlists/password/rockyou.txt
set RHOSTS
set STOP_ON_SUCCESS true
set username
run
``

:::

Some common ssh credentials here and here.

System: You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

What are the steps for 🛠 SSH - Password Bruteforcing?

Response:
::: tabs

=== Hydra

``bash
hydra -l  -s 22 -P   -t 4 ssh
`

=== Metasploit

`bash
msfconsole
use auxiliary/scanner/ssh/ssh_login
set PASS_FILE /usr/share/wordlists/password/rockyou.txt
set RHOSTS
set STOP_ON_SUCCESS true
set username
run
``

:::

Some common ssh credentials here and here.


[System] You are a penetration testing tool expert. Provide the exact command or sequence of commands to accomplish the task, including required flags and arguments. Format multi-step operations as numbered steps.

[User] What is the hydra syntax for 🛠 ssh - password bruteforcing?

[Assistant] hydra -l  -s 22 -P   -t 4 ssh

System: You are a penetration testing tool expert. Provide the exact command or sequence of commands to accomplish the task, including required flags and arguments. Format multi-step operations as numbered steps.

What is the hydra syntax for 🛠 ssh - password bruteforcing?

Response: hydra -l  -s 22 -P   -t 4 ssh


[System] You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

[User] Show me how to do 🛠 SSH - Password Bruteforcing

[Assistant] hydra -l  -s 22 -P   -t 4 ssh

System: You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

Show me how to do 🛠 SSH - Password Bruteforcing

Response: hydra -l  -s 22 -P   -t 4 ssh


[System] You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

[User] What does this command do: `hydra -l  -s 22 -P   -t 4 ssh`?

[Assistant] This command is used for 🛠 ssh - password bruteforcing. Password Bruteforcing

System: You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

What does this command do: `hydra -l  -s 22 -P   -t 4 ssh`?

Response: This command is used for 🛠 ssh - password bruteforcing. Password Bruteforcing


[System] You are a penetration testing tool expert. Provide the exact command or sequence of commands to accomplish the task, including required flags and arguments. Format multi-step operations as numbered steps.

[User] What is the msfconsole syntax for 🛠 ssh - password bruteforcing?

[Assistant]
msfconsole
use auxiliary/scanner/ssh/ssh_login
set PASS_FILE /usr/share/wordlists/password/rockyou.txt
set RHOSTS
set STOP_ON_SUCCESS true
set username
run

System: You are a penetration testing tool expert. Provide the exact command or sequence of commands to accomplish the task, including required flags and arguments. Format multi-step operations as numbered steps.

What is the msfconsole syntax for 🛠 ssh - password bruteforcing?

Response:
msfconsole
use auxiliary/scanner/ssh/ssh_login
set PASS_FILE /usr/share/wordlists/password/rockyou.txt
set RHOSTS
set STOP_ON_SUCCESS true
set username
run


[System] You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

[User] Show me how to do 🛠 SSH - Password Bruteforcing

[Assistant]
msfconsole
use auxiliary/scanner/ssh/ssh_login
set PASS_FILE /usr/share/wordlists/password/rockyou.txt
set RHOSTS
set STOP_ON_SUCCESS true
set username
run

System: You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

Response:
msfconsole
use auxiliary/scanner/ssh/ssh_login
set PASS_FILE /usr/share/wordlists/password/rockyou.txt
set RHOSTS
set STOP_ON_SUCCESS true
set username
run


[System] You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

[User] What does this command do: `msfconsole`?

[Assistant] This command is used for 🛠 ssh - password bruteforcing. Password Bruteforcing

System: You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

Response: This command is used for 🛠 ssh - password bruteforcing. Password Bruteforcing


[System] You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

[User] Give me an overview of 🛠 Telnet - Theory

[Assistant]
Telnet (teletype network) is a  network protocol used to gain access to a  virtual terminal in local or in remote systems . It provides  bidirectional text-based communication .

----

System: You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

Give me an overview of 🛠 Telnet - Theory

Response:
Telnet (teletype network) is a  network protocol used to gain access to a  virtual terminal in local or in remote systems . It provides  bidirectional text-based communication .

----


[System] You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

[User] Walk me through 🛠 Telnet - Theory

[Assistant]
Telnet (teletype network) is a  network protocol used to gain access to a  virtual terminal in local or in remote systems . It provides  bidirectional text-based communication .

----

System: You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

Response:
Telnet (teletype network) is a  network protocol used to gain access to a  virtual terminal in local or in remote systems . It provides  bidirectional text-based communication .

----


[System] You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

[User] Explain 🛠 Telnet - Common telnet commands

[Assistant]
| Command   | Description                                                    |
| --------- | -------------------------------------------------------------- |
| open    | Connects to a specified local/remote host                      |
| close   | Closes the current connection                                  |
| quit    | Exits telnet                                                   |
| status  | Shows the current status of the telnet client                  |
| z       | Suspends telnet (on Unix/Linux systems)                        |
| set     | Sets Telnet options (like terminal type)                       |
| unset   | Unsets Telnet options                                          |
| display | Displays current settings of Telnet options                    |
| send    | Sends special characters or sequences (like break)             |
| mode    | Sets the mode of operation (e.g., line by line or character)   |
| logout  | Logs out from the remote system (not available on all systems) |

System: You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

Explain 🛠 Telnet - Common telnet commands

Response:
| Command   | Description                                                    |
| --------- | -------------------------------------------------------------- |
| open    | Connects to a specified local/remote host                      |
| close   | Closes the current connection                                  |
| quit    | Exits telnet                                                   |
| status  | Shows the current status of the telnet client                  |
| z       | Suspends telnet (on Unix/Linux systems)                        |
| set     | Sets Telnet options (like terminal type)                       |
| unset   | Unsets Telnet options                                          |
| display | Displays current settings of Telnet options                    |
| send    | Sends special characters or sequences (like break)             |
| mode    | Sets the mode of operation (e.g., line by line or character)   |
| logout  | Logs out from the remote system (not available on all systems) |


[System] You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

[User] Give me a guide on 🛠 Telnet - Common telnet commands

[Assistant]
| Command   | Description                                                    |
| --------- | -------------------------------------------------------------- |
| open    | Connects to a specified local/remote host                      |
| close   | Closes the current connection                                  |
| quit    | Exits telnet                                                   |
| status  | Shows the current status of the telnet client                  |
| z       | Suspends telnet (on Unix/Linux systems)                        |
| set     | Sets Telnet options (like terminal type)                       |
| unset   | Unsets Telnet options                                          |
| display | Displays current settings of Telnet options                    |
| send    | Sends special characters or sequences (like break)             |
| mode    | Sets the mode of operation (e.g., line by line or character)   |
| logout  | Logs out from the remote system (not available on all systems) |

System: You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

Give me a guide on 🛠 Telnet - Common telnet commands

Response:
| Command   | Description                                                    |
| --------- | -------------------------------------------------------------- |
| open    | Connects to a specified local/remote host                      |
| close   | Closes the current connection                                  |
| quit    | Exits telnet                                                   |
| status  | Shows the current status of the telnet client                  |
| z       | Suspends telnet (on Unix/Linux systems)                        |
| set     | Sets Telnet options (like terminal type)                       |
| unset   | Unsets Telnet options                                          |
| display | Displays current settings of Telnet options                    |
| send    | Sends special characters or sequences (like break)             |
| mode    | Sets the mode of operation (e.g., line by line or character)   |
| logout  | Logs out from the remote system (not available on all systems) |


[System] You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

[User] What is 🛠 Telnet - Banner grabbing?

[Assistant]
To initiate a connection with telnet server and get any information about the target .

> [!TIP]
> The $TARGET_PORT is optional, but the default port is 23

::: tabs

=== Unix-like

The Telnet banner of a target can be captured using multiple tools on UNIX-like systems.

``bash
#Using Netcat
nc -nv $TARGET_IP $TARGET_PORT

#Using Telnet
telnet $TARGET_IP $TARGET_PORT

#Using Shodan-cli
shodan stream --ports 23,1023,2323 --datadir telnet-data/ --limit 10000

#Using nmap
nmap -p  $TARGET_PORT -sVC  --script "telnet and safe" $TARGET_IP
`
The Metasploit framework can also be used to make this work.

`
msf > use auxiliary/scanner/telnet/telnet_version
msf > set rhosts $TARGET_IP
msf > set rport $TARGET_PORT
msf > set threads 5
msf > exploit
`

=== Windows

On Windows systems, multiple tools can be used to capture the Telnet banner of a target.

`powershell
nc.exe -nv $TARGET_IP $TARGET_PORT

telnet $TARGET_IP $TARGET_PORT

nmap.exe -p  $TARGET_PORT   --script telnet-ntlm-info.nse $TARGET_IP
``
:::

System: You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

Response:
To initiate a connection with telnet server and get any information about the target .

> [!TIP]
> The $TARGET_PORT is optional, but the default port is 23

::: tabs

=== Unix-like

The Telnet banner of a target can be captured using multiple tools on UNIX-like systems.

``bash
#Using Netcat
nc -nv $TARGET_IP $TARGET_PORT

#Using Telnet
telnet $TARGET_IP $TARGET_PORT

#Using Shodan-cli
shodan stream --ports 23,1023,2323 --datadir telnet-data/ --limit 10000

#Using nmap
nmap -p  $TARGET_PORT -sVC  --script "telnet and safe" $TARGET_IP
`
The Metasploit framework can also be used to make this work.

`
msf > use auxiliary/scanner/telnet/telnet_version
msf > set rhosts $TARGET_IP
msf > set rport $TARGET_PORT
msf > set threads 5
msf > exploit
`

=== Windows

On Windows systems, multiple tools can be used to capture the Telnet banner of a target.

`powershell
nc.exe -nv $TARGET_IP $TARGET_PORT

telnet $TARGET_IP $TARGET_PORT

nmap.exe -p  $TARGET_PORT   --script telnet-ntlm-info.nse $TARGET_IP
``
:::


[System] You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

[User] Show me how to do 🛠 Telnet - Banner grabbing

[Assistant]
To initiate a connection with telnet server and get any information about the target .

> [!TIP]
> The $TARGET_PORT is optional, but the default port is 23

::: tabs

=== Unix-like

The Telnet banner of a target can be captured using multiple tools on UNIX-like systems.

``bash
#Using Netcat
nc -nv $TARGET_IP $TARGET_PORT

#Using Telnet
telnet $TARGET_IP $TARGET_PORT

#Using Shodan-cli
shodan stream --ports 23,1023,2323 --datadir telnet-data/ --limit 10000

#Using nmap
nmap -p  $TARGET_PORT -sVC  --script "telnet and safe" $TARGET_IP
`
The Metasploit framework can also be used to make this work.

`
msf > use auxiliary/scanner/telnet/telnet_version
msf > set rhosts $TARGET_IP
msf > set rport $TARGET_PORT
msf > set threads 5
msf > exploit
`

=== Windows

On Windows systems, multiple tools can be used to capture the Telnet banner of a target.

`powershell
nc.exe -nv $TARGET_IP $TARGET_PORT

telnet $TARGET_IP $TARGET_PORT

nmap.exe -p  $TARGET_PORT   --script telnet-ntlm-info.nse $TARGET_IP
``
:::

System: You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

Show me how to do 🛠 Telnet - Banner grabbing

Response:
To initiate a connection with telnet server and get any information about the target .

> [!TIP]
> The $TARGET_PORT is optional, but the default port is 23

::: tabs

=== Unix-like

The Telnet banner of a target can be captured using multiple tools on UNIX-like systems.

``bash
#Using Netcat
nc -nv $TARGET_IP $TARGET_PORT

#Using Telnet
telnet $TARGET_IP $TARGET_PORT

#Using Shodan-cli
shodan stream --ports 23,1023,2323 --datadir telnet-data/ --limit 10000

#Using nmap
nmap -p  $TARGET_PORT -sVC  --script "telnet and safe" $TARGET_IP
`
The Metasploit framework can also be used to make this work.

`
msf > use auxiliary/scanner/telnet/telnet_version
msf > set rhosts $TARGET_IP
msf > set rport $TARGET_PORT
msf > set threads 5
msf > exploit
`

=== Windows

On Windows systems, multiple tools can be used to capture the Telnet banner of a target.

`powershell
nc.exe -nv $TARGET_IP $TARGET_PORT

telnet $TARGET_IP $TARGET_PORT

nmap.exe -p  $TARGET_PORT   --script telnet-ntlm-info.nse $TARGET_IP
``
:::


[System] You are a penetration testing tool expert. Provide the exact command or sequence of commands to accomplish the task, including required flags and arguments. Format multi-step operations as numbered steps.

[User] Show me the Using command for 🛠 telnet - banner grabbing

[Assistant]
#Using Netcat
nc -nv $TARGET_IP $TARGET_PORT

#Using Telnet
telnet $TARGET_IP $TARGET_PORT

#Using Shodan-cli
shodan stream --ports 23,1023,2323 --datadir telnet-data/ --limit 10000

#Using nmap
nmap -p  $TARGET_PORT -sVC  --script "*telnet* and safe" $TARGET_IP

System: You are a penetration testing tool expert. Provide the exact command or sequence of commands to accomplish the task, including required flags and arguments. Format multi-step operations as numbered steps.

Show me the Using command for 🛠 telnet - banner grabbing

Response:
#Using Netcat
nc -nv $TARGET_IP $TARGET_PORT

#Using Telnet
telnet $TARGET_IP $TARGET_PORT

#Using Shodan-cli
shodan stream --ports 23,1023,2323 --datadir telnet-data/ --limit 10000

#Using nmap
nmap -p  $TARGET_PORT -sVC  --script "*telnet* and safe" $TARGET_IP


[System] You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

[User] What are the steps for 🛠 Telnet - Banner grabbing?

[Assistant]
#Using Netcat
nc -nv $TARGET_IP $TARGET_PORT

#Using Telnet
telnet $TARGET_IP $TARGET_PORT

#Using Shodan-cli
shodan stream --ports 23,1023,2323 --datadir telnet-data/ --limit 10000

#Using nmap
nmap -p  $TARGET_PORT -sVC  --script "*telnet* and safe" $TARGET_IP

System: You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

What are the steps for 🛠 Telnet - Banner grabbing?

Response:
#Using Netcat
nc -nv $TARGET_IP $TARGET_PORT

#Using Telnet
telnet $TARGET_IP $TARGET_PORT

#Using Shodan-cli
shodan stream --ports 23,1023,2323 --datadir telnet-data/ --limit 10000

#Using nmap
nmap -p  $TARGET_PORT -sVC  --script "*telnet* and safe" $TARGET_IP


[System] You are a penetration testing tool expert. Provide the exact command or sequence of commands to accomplish the task, including required flags and arguments. Format multi-step operations as numbered steps.

[User] Show me the msf command for 🛠 telnet - banner grabbing

[Assistant]
msf > use auxiliary/scanner/telnet/telnet_version
msf > set rhosts $TARGET_IP
msf > set rport $TARGET_PORT
msf > set threads 5
msf > exploit

System: You are a penetration testing tool expert. Provide the exact command or sequence of commands to accomplish the task, including required flags and arguments. Format multi-step operations as numbered steps.

Show me the msf command for 🛠 telnet - banner grabbing

Response:
msf > use auxiliary/scanner/telnet/telnet_version
msf > set rhosts $TARGET_IP
msf > set rport $TARGET_PORT
msf > set threads 5
msf > exploit


[System] You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

[User] What are the steps for 🛠 Telnet - Banner grabbing?

[Assistant]
msf > use auxiliary/scanner/telnet/telnet_version
msf > set rhosts $TARGET_IP
msf > set rport $TARGET_PORT
msf > set threads 5
msf > exploit

System: You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

Response:
msf > use auxiliary/scanner/telnet/telnet_version
msf > set rhosts $TARGET_IP
msf > set rport $TARGET_PORT
msf > set threads 5
msf > exploit


[System] You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

[User] What does this command do: `msf > use auxiliary/scanner/telnet/telnet_version`?

[Assistant] This command is used for 🛠 telnet - banner grabbing. Banner grabbing

System: You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

What does this command do: `msf > use auxiliary/scanner/telnet/telnet_version`?

Response: This command is used for 🛠 telnet - banner grabbing. Banner grabbing


[System] You are a penetration testing tool expert. Provide the exact command or sequence of commands to accomplish the task, including required flags and arguments. Format multi-step operations as numbered steps.

[User] What is the nc.exe syntax for 🛠 telnet - banner grabbing?

[Assistant]
nc.exe -nv $TARGET_IP $TARGET_PORT

telnet $TARGET_IP $TARGET_PORT

nmap.exe -p  $TARGET_PORT   --script telnet-ntlm-info.nse $TARGET_IP

System: You are a penetration testing tool expert. Provide the exact command or sequence of commands to accomplish the task, including required flags and arguments. Format multi-step operations as numbered steps.

What is the nc.exe syntax for 🛠 telnet - banner grabbing?

Response:
nc.exe -nv $TARGET_IP $TARGET_PORT

telnet $TARGET_IP $TARGET_PORT

nmap.exe -p  $TARGET_PORT   --script telnet-ntlm-info.nse $TARGET_IP


[System] You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

[User] How to execute 🛠 Telnet - Banner grabbing?

[Assistant]
nc.exe -nv $TARGET_IP $TARGET_PORT

telnet $TARGET_IP $TARGET_PORT

nmap.exe -p  $TARGET_PORT   --script telnet-ntlm-info.nse $TARGET_IP

System: You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

How to execute 🛠 Telnet - Banner grabbing?

Response:
nc.exe -nv $TARGET_IP $TARGET_PORT

telnet $TARGET_IP $TARGET_PORT

nmap.exe -p  $TARGET_PORT   --script telnet-ntlm-info.nse $TARGET_IP


[System] You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

[User] What does this command do: `nc.exe -nv $TARGET_IP $TARGET_PORT`?

[Assistant] This command is used for 🛠 telnet - banner grabbing. Banner grabbing

System: You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

What does this command do: `nc.exe -nv $TARGET_IP $TARGET_PORT`?

Response: This command is used for 🛠 telnet - banner grabbing. Banner grabbing


[System] You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

[User] Give me an overview of 🛠 Telnet - Passwordless authentication

[Assistant]
Telnet can be configured to allow users to connect to a server without needing a specific identity by utilizing a passwordless login feature. This method is commonly employed for accessing or downloading public files.

To connect without a password, one would use the following command:

```bash
telnet $TARGET_IP

System: You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

Give me an overview of 🛠 Telnet - Passwordless authentication

Response:
Telnet can be configured to allow users to connect to a server without needing a specific identity by utilizing a passwordless login feature. This method is commonly employed for accessing or downloading public files.

To connect without a password, one would use the following command:

```bash
telnet $TARGET_IP


[System] You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

[User] Give me a guide on 🛠 Telnet - Passwordless authentication

[Assistant]
Telnet can be configured to allow users to connect to a server without needing a specific identity by utilizing a passwordless login feature. This method is commonly employed for accessing or downloading public files.

To connect without a password, one would use the following command:

```bash
telnet $TARGET_IP

System: You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

Give me a guide on 🛠 Telnet - Passwordless authentication

Response:
Telnet can be configured to allow users to connect to a server without needing a specific identity by utilizing a passwordless login feature. This method is commonly employed for accessing or downloading public files.

To connect without a password, one would use the following command:

```bash
telnet $TARGET_IP


[System] You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

[User] Tell me about 🛠 Telnet - Common credentials

[Assistant]
If anonymous login is disabled on the Telnet server, trying common usernames and passwords like admin, administrator, root, user, or test can be a good initial step. This approach is less aggressive than attempting to guess passwords through brute force and is recommended to try first when accessing a server.

```bash
telnet $TARGET_IP

System: You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

Tell me about 🛠 Telnet - Common credentials

Response:
If anonymous login is disabled on the Telnet server, trying common usernames and passwords like admin, administrator, root, user, or test can be a good initial step. This approach is less aggressive than attempting to guess passwords through brute force and is recommended to try first when accessing a server.

```bash
telnet $TARGET_IP


[System] You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

[User] What are the steps for 🛠 Telnet - Common credentials?

[Assistant]
If anonymous login is disabled on the Telnet server, trying common usernames and passwords like admin, administrator, root, user, or test can be a good initial step. This approach is less aggressive than attempting to guess passwords through brute force and is recommended to try first when accessing a server.

```bash
telnet $TARGET_IP

System: You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

What are the steps for 🛠 Telnet - Common credentials?

Response:
If anonymous login is disabled on the Telnet server, trying common usernames and passwords like admin, administrator, root, user, or test can be a good initial step. This approach is less aggressive than attempting to guess passwords through brute force and is recommended to try first when accessing a server.

```bash
telnet $TARGET_IP


[System] You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

[User] What should I know about 🛠 Telnet - Brute Force?

[Assistant]
::: tabs

=== Nmap

``bash
nmap -p 23 --script telnet-brute $TARGET_IP
`

=== Metasploit framework

`
use auxiliary/scanner/telnet/telnet_login
msf auxiliary(telnet_login) > set rhosts  $TARGET_IP
msf auxiliary(telnet_login) > set user_file /path/to/user.txt
msf auxiliary(telnet_login) > set pass_file /path/to/pass.txt
msf auxiliary(telnet_login) > set stop_on_success true
msf auxiliary(telnet_login) > exploit
`

=== Hydra

`bash
hydra [-L users.txt or -l user_name] [-P pass.txt or -p password] -f [-S $TARGET_PORT] telnet://$TARGET_IP

hydra -l root -P $PATH_TO/seclists/Passwords/Default-Credentials/telnet-betterdefaultpasslist.txt $TARGET_IP telnet
``

:::

System: You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

What should I know about 🛠 Telnet - Brute Force?

Response:
::: tabs

=== Nmap

``bash
nmap -p 23 --script telnet-brute $TARGET_IP
`

=== Metasploit framework

`
use auxiliary/scanner/telnet/telnet_login
msf auxiliary(telnet_login) > set rhosts  $TARGET_IP
msf auxiliary(telnet_login) > set user_file /path/to/user.txt
msf auxiliary(telnet_login) > set pass_file /path/to/pass.txt
msf auxiliary(telnet_login) > set stop_on_success true
msf auxiliary(telnet_login) > exploit
`

=== Hydra

`bash
hydra [-L users.txt or -l user_name] [-P pass.txt or -p password] -f [-S $TARGET_PORT] telnet://$TARGET_IP

hydra -l root -P $PATH_TO/seclists/Passwords/Default-Credentials/telnet-betterdefaultpasslist.txt $TARGET_IP telnet
``

:::


[System] You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

[User] Show me how to do 🛠 Telnet - Brute Force

[Assistant]
::: tabs

=== Nmap

``bash
nmap -p 23 --script telnet-brute $TARGET_IP
`

=== Metasploit framework

`
use auxiliary/scanner/telnet/telnet_login
msf auxiliary(telnet_login) > set rhosts  $TARGET_IP
msf auxiliary(telnet_login) > set user_file /path/to/user.txt
msf auxiliary(telnet_login) > set pass_file /path/to/pass.txt
msf auxiliary(telnet_login) > set stop_on_success true
msf auxiliary(telnet_login) > exploit
`

=== Hydra

`bash
hydra [-L users.txt or -l user_name] [-P pass.txt or -p password] -f [-S $TARGET_PORT] telnet://$TARGET_IP

hydra -l root -P $PATH_TO/seclists/Passwords/Default-Credentials/telnet-betterdefaultpasslist.txt $TARGET_IP telnet
``

:::

System: You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

Show me how to do 🛠 Telnet - Brute Force

Response:
::: tabs

=== Nmap

``bash
nmap -p 23 --script telnet-brute $TARGET_IP
`

=== Metasploit framework

`
use auxiliary/scanner/telnet/telnet_login
msf auxiliary(telnet_login) > set rhosts  $TARGET_IP
msf auxiliary(telnet_login) > set user_file /path/to/user.txt
msf auxiliary(telnet_login) > set pass_file /path/to/pass.txt
msf auxiliary(telnet_login) > set stop_on_success true
msf auxiliary(telnet_login) > exploit
`

=== Hydra

`bash
hydra [-L users.txt or -l user_name] [-P pass.txt or -p password] -f [-S $TARGET_PORT] telnet://$TARGET_IP

hydra -l root -P $PATH_TO/seclists/Passwords/Default-Credentials/telnet-betterdefaultpasslist.txt $TARGET_IP telnet
``

:::


[System] You are a penetration testing tool expert. Provide the exact command or sequence of commands to accomplish the task, including required flags and arguments. Format multi-step operations as numbered steps.

[User] Give me the nmap command to 🛠 telnet - brute force

[Assistant] nmap -p 23 --script telnet-brute $TARGET_IP

System: You are a penetration testing tool expert. Provide the exact command or sequence of commands to accomplish the task, including required flags and arguments. Format multi-step operations as numbered steps.

Give me the nmap command to 🛠 telnet - brute force

Response: nmap -p 23 --script telnet-brute $TARGET_IP


[System] You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

[User] Give me a guide on 🛠 Telnet - Brute Force

[Assistant] nmap -p 23 --script telnet-brute $TARGET_IP

System: You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

Give me a guide on 🛠 Telnet - Brute Force

Response: nmap -p 23 --script telnet-brute $TARGET_IP


[System] You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

[User] What does this command do: `nmap -p 23 --script telnet-brute $TARGET_IP`?

[Assistant] This command is used for 🛠 telnet - brute force. Brute Force

System: You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

What does this command do: `nmap -p 23 --script telnet-brute $TARGET_IP`?

Response: This command is used for 🛠 telnet - brute force. Brute Force


[System] You are a penetration testing tool expert. Provide the exact command or sequence of commands to accomplish the task, including required flags and arguments. Format multi-step operations as numbered steps.

[User] Give me the use command to 🛠 telnet - brute force

[Assistant]
use auxiliary/scanner/telnet/telnet_login
msf auxiliary(telnet_login) > set rhosts  $TARGET_IP
msf auxiliary(telnet_login) > set user_file /path/to/user.txt
msf auxiliary(telnet_login) > set pass_file /path/to/pass.txt
msf auxiliary(telnet_login) > set stop_on_success true
msf auxiliary(telnet_login) > exploit

System: You are a penetration testing tool expert. Provide the exact command or sequence of commands to accomplish the task, including required flags and arguments. Format multi-step operations as numbered steps.

Give me the use command to 🛠 telnet - brute force

Response:
use auxiliary/scanner/telnet/telnet_login
msf auxiliary(telnet_login) > set rhosts  $TARGET_IP
msf auxiliary(telnet_login) > set user_file /path/to/user.txt
msf auxiliary(telnet_login) > set pass_file /path/to/pass.txt
msf auxiliary(telnet_login) > set stop_on_success true
msf auxiliary(telnet_login) > exploit


[System] You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

[User] Walk me through 🛠 Telnet - Brute Force

[Assistant]
use auxiliary/scanner/telnet/telnet_login
msf auxiliary(telnet_login) > set rhosts  $TARGET_IP
msf auxiliary(telnet_login) > set user_file /path/to/user.txt
msf auxiliary(telnet_login) > set pass_file /path/to/pass.txt
msf auxiliary(telnet_login) > set stop_on_success true
msf auxiliary(telnet_login) > exploit

System: You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

Response:
use auxiliary/scanner/telnet/telnet_login
msf auxiliary(telnet_login) > set rhosts  $TARGET_IP
msf auxiliary(telnet_login) > set user_file /path/to/user.txt
msf auxiliary(telnet_login) > set pass_file /path/to/pass.txt
msf auxiliary(telnet_login) > set stop_on_success true
msf auxiliary(telnet_login) > exploit


[System] You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

[User] What does this command do: `use auxiliary/scanner/telnet/telnet_login`?

[Assistant] This command is used for 🛠 telnet - brute force. Brute Force

System: You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

What does this command do: `use auxiliary/scanner/telnet/telnet_login`?

Response: This command is used for 🛠 telnet - brute force. Brute Force


[System] You are a penetration testing tool expert. Provide the exact command or sequence of commands to accomplish the task, including required flags and arguments. Format multi-step operations as numbered steps.

[User] How do I use hydra for 🛠 telnet - brute force?

[Assistant]
hydra [-L users.txt or -l user_name] [-P pass.txt or -p password] -f [-S $TARGET_PORT] telnet://$TARGET_IP

hydra -l root -P $PATH_TO/seclists/Passwords/Default-Credentials/telnet-betterdefaultpasslist.txt $TARGET_IP telnet

System: You are a penetration testing tool expert. Provide the exact command or sequence of commands to accomplish the task, including required flags and arguments. Format multi-step operations as numbered steps.

How do I use hydra for 🛠 telnet - brute force?

Response:
hydra [-L users.txt or -l user_name] [-P pass.txt or -p password] -f [-S $TARGET_PORT] telnet://$TARGET_IP

hydra -l root -P $PATH_TO/seclists/Passwords/Default-Credentials/telnet-betterdefaultpasslist.txt $TARGET_IP telnet


[System] You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

[User] Give me a guide on 🛠 Telnet - Brute Force

[Assistant]
hydra [-L users.txt or -l user_name] [-P pass.txt or -p password] -f [-S $TARGET_PORT] telnet://$TARGET_IP

hydra -l root -P $PATH_TO/seclists/Passwords/Default-Credentials/telnet-betterdefaultpasslist.txt $TARGET_IP telnet

System: You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

Response:
hydra [-L users.txt or -l user_name] [-P pass.txt or -p password] -f [-S $TARGET_PORT] telnet://$TARGET_IP

hydra -l root -P $PATH_TO/seclists/Passwords/Default-Credentials/telnet-betterdefaultpasslist.txt $TARGET_IP telnet


[System] You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

[User] What does this command do: `hydra [-L users.txt or -l user_name] [-P pass.txt or -p password] -f [-S $TARGET_PORT] telnet://$TARGET_IP`?

[Assistant] This command is used for 🛠 telnet - brute force. Brute Force

System: You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

What does this command do: `hydra [-L users.txt or -l user_name] [-P pass.txt or -p password] -f [-S $TARGET_PORT] telnet://$TARGET_IP`?

Response: This command is used for 🛠 telnet - brute force. Brute Force


[System] You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

[User] What should I know about 🛠 Hosts discovery - Theory?

[Assistant]
When targeting machines connected to a network, identifying which hosts are up and running (and their IP address) is the first step in getting to know the attack surface. There are multiple active and passive ways to discover hosts in a network, each relying on specific protocols that may be used in the network.

Once the hosts are identified, attackers then usually proceed to port scanning to attempt at compromising them.

Alternatively, there are common scenarios where most of the hosts and services are managed by a central set of services like Active Directory Domain Services (AD-DS). In this case, attackers usually try to compromise those services first as it would grant them control over many hosts without having to attack them all. A whole category of The Hacker Recipes is dedicated to Active Directory Domain Services (and other associated AD services).

System: You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

What should I know about 🛠 Hosts discovery - Theory?

Response:
When targeting machines connected to a network, identifying which hosts are up and running (and their IP address) is the first step in getting to know the attack surface. There are multiple active and passive ways to discover hosts in a network, each relying on specific protocols that may be used in the network.

Once the hosts are identified, attackers then usually proceed to port scanning to attempt at compromising them.

Alternatively, there are common scenarios where most of the hosts and services are managed by a central set of services like Active Directory Domain Services (AD-DS). In this case, attackers usually try to compromise those services first as it would grant them control over many hosts without having to attack them all. A whole category of The Hacker Recipes is dedicated to Active Directory Domain Services (and other associated AD services).


[System] You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

[User] Show me how to do 🛠 Hosts discovery - Theory

[Assistant]
When targeting machines connected to a network, identifying which hosts are up and running (and their IP address) is the first step in getting to know the attack surface. There are multiple active and passive ways to discover hosts in a network, each relying on specific protocols that may be used in the network.

Once the hosts are identified, attackers then usually proceed to port scanning to attempt at compromising them.

Alternatively, there are common scenarios where most of the hosts and services are managed by a central set of services like Active Directory Domain Services (AD-DS). In this case, attackers usually try to compromise those services first as it would grant them control over many hosts without having to attack them all. A whole category of The Hacker Recipes is dedicated to Active Directory Domain Services (and other associated AD services).

System: You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

Show me how to do 🛠 Hosts discovery - Theory

Response:
When targeting machines connected to a network, identifying which hosts are up and running (and their IP address) is the first step in getting to know the attack surface. There are multiple active and passive ways to discover hosts in a network, each relying on specific protocols that may be used in the network.

Once the hosts are identified, attackers then usually proceed to port scanning to attempt at compromising them.

Alternatively, there are common scenarios where most of the hosts and services are managed by a central set of services like Active Directory Domain Services (AD-DS). In this case, attackers usually try to compromise those services first as it would grant them control over many hosts without having to attack them all. A whole category of The Hacker Recipes is dedicated to Active Directory Domain Services (and other associated AD services).


[System] You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

[User] Describe 🛠 Hosts discovery - NBT discovery in the context of penetration testing

[Assistant]
It sends NetBIOS status query to each address in supplied range and lists received information in human readable form. For each responded host it lists IP address, NetBIOS computer name, logged-in user name and MAC address (such as Ethernet).

``bash
nbtscan -r $RANGE
``

System: You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

Describe 🛠 Hosts discovery - NBT discovery in the context of penetration testing

Response:
It sends NetBIOS status query to each address in supplied range and lists received information in human readable form. For each responded host it lists IP address, NetBIOS computer name, logged-in user name and MAC address (such as Ethernet).

``bash
nbtscan -r $RANGE
``


[System] You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

[User] Explain the practical steps for 🛠 Hosts discovery - NBT discovery

[Assistant]
It sends NetBIOS status query to each address in supplied range and lists received information in human readable form. For each responded host it lists IP address, NetBIOS computer name, logged-in user name and MAC address (such as Ethernet).

``bash
nbtscan -r $RANGE
``

System: You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

Explain the practical steps for 🛠 Hosts discovery - NBT discovery

Response:
It sends NetBIOS status query to each address in supplied range and lists received information in human readable form. For each responded host it lists IP address, NetBIOS computer name, logged-in user name and MAC address (such as Ethernet).

``bash
nbtscan -r $RANGE
``


[System] You are a penetration testing tool expert. Provide the exact command or sequence of commands to accomplish the task, including required flags and arguments. Format multi-step operations as numbered steps.

[User] Give me the nbtscan command to 🛠 hosts discovery - nbt discovery

[Assistant] nbtscan -r $RANGE

System: You are a penetration testing tool expert. Provide the exact command or sequence of commands to accomplish the task, including required flags and arguments. Format multi-step operations as numbered steps.

Give me the nbtscan command to 🛠 hosts discovery - nbt discovery

Response: nbtscan -r $RANGE


[System] You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

[User] How would I carry out 🛠 Hosts discovery - NBT discovery during a pentest?

[Assistant] nbtscan -r $RANGE

System: You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

How would I carry out 🛠 Hosts discovery - NBT discovery during a pentest?

Response: nbtscan -r $RANGE


[System] You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

[User] What does this command do: `nbtscan -r $RANGE`?

[Assistant] This command is used for 🛠 hosts discovery - nbt discovery. NBT discovery

System: You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

What does this command do: `nbtscan -r $RANGE`?

Response: This command is used for 🛠 hosts discovery - nbt discovery. NBT discovery


[System] You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

[User] How does 🛠 Hosts discovery - DNS queries work?

[Assistant]
In Active Directory environnements, machines have their record on the Domain Controller (which usually hosts the DNS service). Through PTR resolution requests, is it then possible to find additional ranges and machines.

> [!TIP]
> Read the dns.md article for more insight

System: You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

How does 🛠 Hosts discovery - DNS queries work?

Response:
In Active Directory environnements, machines have their record on the Domain Controller (which usually hosts the DNS service). Through PTR resolution requests, is it then possible to find additional ranges and machines.

> [!TIP]
> Read the dns.md article for more insight


[System] You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

[User] How do I perform 🛠 Hosts discovery - DNS queries?

[Assistant]
In Active Directory environnements, machines have their record on the Domain Controller (which usually hosts the DNS service). Through PTR resolution requests, is it then possible to find additional ranges and machines.

> [!TIP]
> Read the dns.md article for more insight

System: You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

How do I perform 🛠 Hosts discovery - DNS queries?

Response:
In Active Directory environnements, machines have their record on the Domain Controller (which usually hosts the DNS service). Through PTR resolution requests, is it then possible to find additional ranges and machines.

> [!TIP]
> Read the dns.md article for more insight


[System] You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

[User] Give me an overview of Send ICMP echo, timestamp, and netmask request discovery probes to a range

[Assistant]
nmap -PE -PP -PM -sP $RANGE
``

Ping Sweep on Powershell:

`powershell
$ping = New-Object System.Net.Networkinformation.Ping ; 1..254 | % { $ping.send("192.168.0.$_", 1) | where status -ne 'TimedOut' | select Address | fl * }
``

System: You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

Give me an overview of Send ICMP echo, timestamp, and netmask request discovery probes to a range

Response:
nmap -PE -PP -PM -sP $RANGE
``

Ping Sweep on Powershell:

`powershell
$ping = New-Object System.Net.Networkinformation.Ping ; 1..254 | % { $ping.send("192.168.0.$_", 1) | where status -ne 'TimedOut' | select Address | fl * }
``


[System] You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

[User] Walk me through Send ICMP echo, timestamp, and netmask request discovery probes to a range

[Assistant]
nmap -PE -PP -PM -sP $RANGE
``

Ping Sweep on Powershell:

`powershell
$ping = New-Object System.Net.Networkinformation.Ping ; 1..254 | % { $ping.send("192.168.0.$_", 1) | where status -ne 'TimedOut' | select Address | fl * }
``

System: You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

Walk me through Send ICMP echo, timestamp, and netmask request discovery probes to a range

Response:
nmap -PE -PP -PM -sP $RANGE
``

Ping Sweep on Powershell:

`powershell
$ping = New-Object System.Net.Networkinformation.Ping ; 1..254 | % { $ping.send("192.168.0.$_", 1) | where status -ne 'TimedOut' | select Address | fl * }
``


[System] You are a penetration testing tool expert. Provide the exact command or sequence of commands to accomplish the task, including required flags and arguments. Format multi-step operations as numbered steps.

[User] Give me the Ping command to send icmp echo, timestamp, and netmask request discovery probes to a range

[Assistant] Ping Sweep on Powershell:

System: You are a penetration testing tool expert. Provide the exact command or sequence of commands to accomplish the task, including required flags and arguments. Format multi-step operations as numbered steps.

Give me the Ping command to send icmp echo, timestamp, and netmask request discovery probes to a range

Response: Ping Sweep on Powershell:


[System] You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

[User] Explain the practical steps for Send ICMP echo, timestamp, and netmask request discovery probes to a range

[Assistant] Ping Sweep on Powershell:

System: You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

Explain the practical steps for Send ICMP echo, timestamp, and netmask request discovery probes to a range

Response: Ping Sweep on Powershell:


[System] You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

[User] What does this command do: `Ping Sweep on Powershell:`?

[Assistant] This command is used for send icmp echo, timestamp, and netmask request discovery probes to a range. Send ICMP echo, timestamp, and netmask request discovery probes to a range

System: You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

What does this command do: `Ping Sweep on Powershell:`?

Response: This command is used for send icmp echo, timestamp, and netmask request discovery probes to a range. Send ICMP echo, timestamp, and netmask request discovery probes to a range


[System] You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

[User] Give me an overview of Port scanning - Theory

[Assistant]
When targeting machines connected to a network, identifying which services are running and accessible remotely allows attackers to have a better understanding of the attack surface.

Services open to the network usually rely on one of two transport protocols: TCP or UDP.

* TCP (Transmission Control Protocol): requires a 3-way handshake to establish a connection. TCP is the most reliable transport protocol of the two as it allows re-transmission of lost data packets.
* UDP (User Datagram Protocol): doesn't require any connection at all. Packets can be sent freely but may not arrive. UDP is faster, simpler, but less reliable. It's mostly used for streaming purposes and for services that have a high speed requirement.

TCP and UDP are quite similar in the sense that they work with ports. Services can be bound to ports and users go through these ports to access the services.

> [!TIP]
> ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) is a separate transport protocol that is commonly known for its "echo request" message used to "ping" machines across networks. ICMP doesn't rely on ports like TCP and UDP do. There is no port in ICMP.

While there are many services that are well known for using common ports (e.g. 80/TCP for HTTP, 443/TCP for HTTPS, 22/TCP for SSH, etc.), the port is just a number. Any port from 0 to 65535 can be bound to any service. Machines (a.k.a. hosts) can theoretically have 65536 ports open on TCP, and 65536 ports open on UDP at the same time.

Knowing which ports are open on a host, and which services hide between these ports is essential in the host reconnaissance part of an intrusion attempt.

System: You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

Give me an overview of Port scanning - Theory

Response:
When targeting machines connected to a network, identifying which services are running and accessible remotely allows attackers to have a better understanding of the attack surface.

Services open to the network usually rely on one of two transport protocols: TCP or UDP.

* TCP (Transmission Control Protocol): requires a 3-way handshake to establish a connection. TCP is the most reliable transport protocol of the two as it allows re-transmission of lost data packets.
* UDP (User Datagram Protocol): doesn't require any connection at all. Packets can be sent freely but may not arrive. UDP is faster, simpler, but less reliable. It's mostly used for streaming purposes and for services that have a high speed requirement.

TCP and UDP are quite similar in the sense that they work with ports. Services can be bound to ports and users go through these ports to access the services.

> [!TIP]
> ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) is a separate transport protocol that is commonly known for its "echo request" message used to "ping" machines across networks. ICMP doesn't rely on ports like TCP and UDP do. There is no port in ICMP.

While there are many services that are well known for using common ports (e.g. 80/TCP for HTTP, 443/TCP for HTTPS, 22/TCP for SSH, etc.), the port is just a number. Any port from 0 to 65535 can be bound to any service. Machines (a.k.a. hosts) can theoretically have 65536 ports open on TCP, and 65536 ports open on UDP at the same time.

Knowing which ports are open on a host, and which services hide between these ports is essential in the host reconnaissance part of an intrusion attempt.


[System] You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

[User] Walk me through Port scanning - Theory

[Assistant]
When targeting machines connected to a network, identifying which services are running and accessible remotely allows attackers to have a better understanding of the attack surface.

Services open to the network usually rely on one of two transport protocols: TCP or UDP.

* TCP (Transmission Control Protocol): requires a 3-way handshake to establish a connection. TCP is the most reliable transport protocol of the two as it allows re-transmission of lost data packets.
* UDP (User Datagram Protocol): doesn't require any connection at all. Packets can be sent freely but may not arrive. UDP is faster, simpler, but less reliable. It's mostly used for streaming purposes and for services that have a high speed requirement.

TCP and UDP are quite similar in the sense that they work with ports. Services can be bound to ports and users go through these ports to access the services.

> [!TIP]
> ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) is a separate transport protocol that is commonly known for its "echo request" message used to "ping" machines across networks. ICMP doesn't rely on ports like TCP and UDP do. There is no port in ICMP.

While there are many services that are well known for using common ports (e.g. 80/TCP for HTTP, 443/TCP for HTTPS, 22/TCP for SSH, etc.), the port is just a number. Any port from 0 to 65535 can be bound to any service. Machines (a.k.a. hosts) can theoretically have 65536 ports open on TCP, and 65536 ports open on UDP at the same time.

Knowing which ports are open on a host, and which services hide between these ports is essential in the host reconnaissance part of an intrusion attempt.

System: You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

Response:
When targeting machines connected to a network, identifying which services are running and accessible remotely allows attackers to have a better understanding of the attack surface.

Services open to the network usually rely on one of two transport protocols: TCP or UDP.

* TCP (Transmission Control Protocol): requires a 3-way handshake to establish a connection. TCP is the most reliable transport protocol of the two as it allows re-transmission of lost data packets.
* UDP (User Datagram Protocol): doesn't require any connection at all. Packets can be sent freely but may not arrive. UDP is faster, simpler, but less reliable. It's mostly used for streaming purposes and for services that have a high speed requirement.

TCP and UDP are quite similar in the sense that they work with ports. Services can be bound to ports and users go through these ports to access the services.

> [!TIP]
> ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) is a separate transport protocol that is commonly known for its "echo request" message used to "ping" machines across networks. ICMP doesn't rely on ports like TCP and UDP do. There is no port in ICMP.

While there are many services that are well known for using common ports (e.g. 80/TCP for HTTP, 443/TCP for HTTPS, 22/TCP for SSH, etc.), the port is just a number. Any port from 0 to 65535 can be bound to any service. Machines (a.k.a. hosts) can theoretically have 65536 ports open on TCP, and 65536 ports open on UDP at the same time.

Knowing which ports are open on a host, and which services hide between these ports is essential in the host reconnaissance part of an intrusion attempt.


[System] You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

[User] Give me an overview of Port scanning - Practice

[Assistant]
The most commonly used tool for port scanning is nmap ("Network Mapper"). This tool features a lot of options but the main ones are the following.

``
SCAN TECHNIQUES
 -sS/sT/sA: TCP SYN/Connect()/ACK scans
 -sU: UDP Scan

PORT SPECIFICATION AND SCAN ORDER
 -p : Only scan specified ports
 Ex: -p22; -p1-65535; -p U:53,111,137,T:21-25,80,139,8080
 -F: Fast mode - Scan 100 most common
 --top-ports : Scan  most common ports

TIMING AND PERFORMANCE
 -T<0-5>: Set timing template (higher is faster)
 Templates (0-5): paranoid|sneaky|polite|normal|aggressive|insane

SERVICE/VERSION DETECTION
 -sV: Probe open ports to determine service/version info

SCRIPT SCAN
 -sC: equivalent to --script=default

HOST DISCOVERY
 -Pn: Treat all hosts as online -- skip host discovery

FIREWALL/IDS EVASION AND SPOOFING
 -f; --mtu : fragment packets (optionally w/given MTU)
 -S : Spoof source address
 -e : Use specified interface

OUTPUT
 -oN/-oX/-oS/-oG : Output scan in normal, XML, s|: Output in the three major formats at once
 -v: Increase verbosity level (use -vv or more for greater effect)
`

The following nmap commands are the most commonly used.

``bash

System: You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

Give me an overview of Port scanning - Practice

Response:
The most commonly used tool for port scanning is nmap ("Network Mapper"). This tool features a lot of options but the main ones are the following.

``
SCAN TECHNIQUES
 -sS/sT/sA: TCP SYN/Connect()/ACK scans
 -sU: UDP Scan

PORT SPECIFICATION AND SCAN ORDER
 -p : Only scan specified ports
 Ex: -p22; -p1-65535; -p U:53,111,137,T:21-25,80,139,8080
 -F: Fast mode - Scan 100 most common
 --top-ports : Scan  most common ports

TIMING AND PERFORMANCE
 -T<0-5>: Set timing template (higher is faster)
 Templates (0-5): paranoid|sneaky|polite|normal|aggressive|insane

SERVICE/VERSION DETECTION
 -sV: Probe open ports to determine service/version info

SCRIPT SCAN
 -sC: equivalent to --script=default

HOST DISCOVERY
 -Pn: Treat all hosts as online -- skip host discovery

FIREWALL/IDS EVASION AND SPOOFING
 -f; --mtu : fragment packets (optionally w/given MTU)
 -S : Spoof source address
 -e : Use specified interface

OUTPUT
 -oN/-oX/-oS/-oG : Output scan in normal, XML, s|: Output in the three major formats at once
 -v: Increase verbosity level (use -vv or more for greater effect)
`

The following nmap commands are the most commonly used.

``bash


[System] You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

[User] Give me a guide on Port scanning - Practice

[Assistant]
The most commonly used tool for port scanning is nmap ("Network Mapper"). This tool features a lot of options but the main ones are the following.

``
SCAN TECHNIQUES
 -sS/sT/sA: TCP SYN/Connect()/ACK scans
 -sU: UDP Scan

PORT SPECIFICATION AND SCAN ORDER
 -p : Only scan specified ports
 Ex: -p22; -p1-65535; -p U:53,111,137,T:21-25,80,139,8080
 -F: Fast mode - Scan 100 most common
 --top-ports : Scan  most common ports

TIMING AND PERFORMANCE
 -T<0-5>: Set timing template (higher is faster)
 Templates (0-5): paranoid|sneaky|polite|normal|aggressive|insane

SERVICE/VERSION DETECTION
 -sV: Probe open ports to determine service/version info

SCRIPT SCAN
 -sC: equivalent to --script=default

HOST DISCOVERY
 -Pn: Treat all hosts as online -- skip host discovery

FIREWALL/IDS EVASION AND SPOOFING
 -f; --mtu : fragment packets (optionally w/given MTU)
 -S : Spoof source address
 -e : Use specified interface

OUTPUT
 -oN/-oX/-oS/-oG : Output scan in normal, XML, s|: Output in the three major formats at once
 -v: Increase verbosity level (use -vv or more for greater effect)
`

The following nmap commands are the most commonly used.

``bash

System: You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

Give me a guide on Port scanning - Practice

Response:
The most commonly used tool for port scanning is nmap ("Network Mapper"). This tool features a lot of options but the main ones are the following.

``
SCAN TECHNIQUES
 -sS/sT/sA: TCP SYN/Connect()/ACK scans
 -sU: UDP Scan

PORT SPECIFICATION AND SCAN ORDER
 -p : Only scan specified ports
 Ex: -p22; -p1-65535; -p U:53,111,137,T:21-25,80,139,8080
 -F: Fast mode - Scan 100 most common
 --top-ports : Scan  most common ports

TIMING AND PERFORMANCE
 -T<0-5>: Set timing template (higher is faster)
 Templates (0-5): paranoid|sneaky|polite|normal|aggressive|insane

SERVICE/VERSION DETECTION
 -sV: Probe open ports to determine service/version info

SCRIPT SCAN
 -sC: equivalent to --script=default

HOST DISCOVERY
 -Pn: Treat all hosts as online -- skip host discovery

FIREWALL/IDS EVASION AND SPOOFING
 -f; --mtu : fragment packets (optionally w/given MTU)
 -S : Spoof source address
 -e : Use specified interface

OUTPUT
 -oN/-oX/-oS/-oG : Output scan in normal, XML, s|: Output in the three major formats at once
 -v: Increase verbosity level (use -vv or more for greater effect)
`

The following nmap commands are the most commonly used.

``bash


[System] You are a penetration testing tool expert. Provide the exact command or sequence of commands to accomplish the task, including required flags and arguments. Format multi-step operations as numbered steps.

[User] Show me the SCAN command for port scanning - practice

[Assistant]
SCAN TECHNIQUES
 -sS/sT/sA: TCP SYN/Connect()/ACK scans
 -sU: UDP Scan

PORT SPECIFICATION AND SCAN ORDER
 -p : Only scan specified ports
 Ex: -p22; -p1-65535; -p U:53,111,137,T:21-25,80,139,8080
 -F: Fast mode - Scan 100 most common
 --top-ports : Scan  most common ports

TIMING AND PERFORMANCE
 -T<0-5>: Set timing template (higher is faster)
 Templates (0-5): paranoid|sneaky|polite|normal|aggressive|insane

SERVICE/VERSION DETECTION
 -sV: Probe open ports to determine service/version info

SCRIPT SCAN
 -sC: equivalent to --script=default

HOST DISCOVERY
 -Pn: Treat all hosts as online -- skip host discovery

FIREWALL/IDS EVASION AND SPOOFING
 -f; --mtu : fragment packets (optionally w/given MTU)
 -S : Spoof source address
 -e : Use specified interface

OUTPUT
 -oN/-oX/-oS/-oG : Output scan in normal, XML, s|: Output in the three major formats at once
 -v: Increase verbosity level (use -vv or more for greater effect)

System: You are a penetration testing tool expert. Provide the exact command or sequence of commands to accomplish the task, including required flags and arguments. Format multi-step operations as numbered steps.

Show me the SCAN command for port scanning - practice

Response:
SCAN TECHNIQUES
 -sS/sT/sA: TCP SYN/Connect()/ACK scans
 -sU: UDP Scan

PORT SPECIFICATION AND SCAN ORDER
 -p : Only scan specified ports
 Ex: -p22; -p1-65535; -p U:53,111,137,T:21-25,80,139,8080
 -F: Fast mode - Scan 100 most common
 --top-ports : Scan  most common ports

TIMING AND PERFORMANCE
 -T<0-5>: Set timing template (higher is faster)
 Templates (0-5): paranoid|sneaky|polite|normal|aggressive|insane

SERVICE/VERSION DETECTION
 -sV: Probe open ports to determine service/version info

SCRIPT SCAN
 -sC: equivalent to --script=default

HOST DISCOVERY
 -Pn: Treat all hosts as online -- skip host discovery

FIREWALL/IDS EVASION AND SPOOFING
 -f; --mtu : fragment packets (optionally w/given MTU)
 -S : Spoof source address
 -e : Use specified interface

OUTPUT
 -oN/-oX/-oS/-oG : Output scan in normal, XML, s|: Output in the three major formats at once
 -v: Increase verbosity level (use -vv or more for greater effect)


[System] You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

[User] Give me a guide on Port scanning - Practice

[Assistant]
SCAN TECHNIQUES
 -sS/sT/sA: TCP SYN/Connect()/ACK scans
 -sU: UDP Scan

PORT SPECIFICATION AND SCAN ORDER
 -p : Only scan specified ports
 Ex: -p22; -p1-65535; -p U:53,111,137,T:21-25,80,139,8080
 -F: Fast mode - Scan 100 most common
 --top-ports : Scan  most common ports

TIMING AND PERFORMANCE
 -T<0-5>: Set timing template (higher is faster)
 Templates (0-5): paranoid|sneaky|polite|normal|aggressive|insane

SERVICE/VERSION DETECTION
 -sV: Probe open ports to determine service/version info

SCRIPT SCAN
 -sC: equivalent to --script=default

HOST DISCOVERY
 -Pn: Treat all hosts as online -- skip host discovery

FIREWALL/IDS EVASION AND SPOOFING
 -f; --mtu : fragment packets (optionally w/given MTU)
 -S : Spoof source address
 -e : Use specified interface

OUTPUT
 -oN/-oX/-oS/-oG : Output scan in normal, XML, s|: Output in the three major formats at once
 -v: Increase verbosity level (use -vv or more for greater effect)

System: You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

Response:
SCAN TECHNIQUES
 -sS/sT/sA: TCP SYN/Connect()/ACK scans
 -sU: UDP Scan

PORT SPECIFICATION AND SCAN ORDER
 -p : Only scan specified ports
 Ex: -p22; -p1-65535; -p U:53,111,137,T:21-25,80,139,8080
 -F: Fast mode - Scan 100 most common
 --top-ports : Scan  most common ports

TIMING AND PERFORMANCE
 -T<0-5>: Set timing template (higher is faster)
 Templates (0-5): paranoid|sneaky|polite|normal|aggressive|insane

SERVICE/VERSION DETECTION
 -sV: Probe open ports to determine service/version info

SCRIPT SCAN
 -sC: equivalent to --script=default

HOST DISCOVERY
 -Pn: Treat all hosts as online -- skip host discovery

FIREWALL/IDS EVASION AND SPOOFING
 -f; --mtu : fragment packets (optionally w/given MTU)
 -S : Spoof source address
 -e : Use specified interface

OUTPUT
 -oN/-oX/-oS/-oG : Output scan in normal, XML, s|: Output in the three major formats at once
 -v: Increase verbosity level (use -vv or more for greater effect)


[System] You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

[User] What does this command do: `SCAN TECHNIQUES`?

[Assistant] This command is used for port scanning - practice. Practice

System: You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

What does this command do: `SCAN TECHNIQUES`?

Response: This command is used for port scanning - practice. Practice


[System] You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

[User] Give me an overview of scan specific TCP ports, enable service/version detection and script scanning, skipping host discovery, with an aggressive speed

[Assistant] nmap -Pn -sC -sV -p "20-25,53,80,135,139,443,445" $TARGET

System: You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

Give me an overview of scan specific TCP ports, enable service/version detection and script scanning, skipping host discovery, with an aggressive speed

Response: nmap -Pn -sC -sV -p "20-25,53,80,135,139,443,445" $TARGET


[System] You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

[User] How to execute scan specific TCP ports, enable service/version detection and script scanning, skipping host discovery, with an aggressive speed?

[Assistant] nmap -Pn -sC -sV -p "20-25,53,80,135,139,443,445" $TARGET

System: You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

How to execute scan specific TCP ports, enable service/version detection and script scanning, skipping host discovery, with an aggressive speed?

Response: nmap -Pn -sC -sV -p "20-25,53,80,135,139,443,445" $TARGET


[System] You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

[User] Tell me about same, but scanning known vulnerabilites (CVEs) instead of default scripts

[Assistant] nmap -Pn --script vuln -sV -p "20-25,53,80,135,139,443,445" $TARGET

System: You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

Tell me about same, but scanning known vulnerabilites (CVEs) instead of default scripts

Response: nmap -Pn --script vuln -sV -p "20-25,53,80,135,139,443,445" $TARGET


[System] You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

[User] Show me how to do same, but scanning known vulnerabilites (CVEs) instead of default scripts

[Assistant] nmap -Pn --script vuln -sV -p "20-25,53,80,135,139,443,445" $TARGET

System: You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

Show me how to do same, but scanning known vulnerabilites (CVEs) instead of default scripts

Response: nmap -Pn --script vuln -sV -p "20-25,53,80,135,139,443,445" $TARGET


[System] You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

[User] How does scan 20 most common UDP ports and enable service detection work?

[Assistant]
nmap -sU -sV --top-ports 20 $TARGET
``

> [!TIP]
> SCTP (Stream Control Transmission Protocol) is another transport protocol. Its main benfits are high reliability, congestion control and better error handling. This protocol is quite rare but is sometimes used and is worth scanning. Just like TCP and UDP, SCTP works with ports. The -sY option can be used in nmap to scan SCTP ports, similarly to -sU for UDP.

MASSCAN (C) is an alternative to nmap, mostly known for its speed. Its usage is similar to nmap but focuses essentially on port scanning. Services, versions and scripts scans should be conducted with nmap. Below is an example of masscan being used to scan all TCP and UDP ports of a host with a high rate.

`bash
 masscan -e $INTERFACE -p0-65535,U:0-65535 --max-rate 100000 $TARGETS
``

System: You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

How does scan 20 most common UDP ports and enable service detection work?

Response:
nmap -sU -sV --top-ports 20 $TARGET
``

> [!TIP]
> SCTP (Stream Control Transmission Protocol) is another transport protocol. Its main benfits are high reliability, congestion control and better error handling. This protocol is quite rare but is sometimes used and is worth scanning. Just like TCP and UDP, SCTP works with ports. The -sY option can be used in nmap to scan SCTP ports, similarly to -sU for UDP.

MASSCAN (C) is an alternative to nmap, mostly known for its speed. Its usage is similar to nmap but focuses essentially on port scanning. Services, versions and scripts scans should be conducted with nmap. Below is an example of masscan being used to scan all TCP and UDP ports of a host with a high rate.

`bash
 masscan -e $INTERFACE -p0-65535,U:0-65535 --max-rate 100000 $TARGETS
``


[System] You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

[User] Show me how to do scan 20 most common UDP ports and enable service detection

[Assistant]
nmap -sU -sV --top-ports 20 $TARGET
``

> [!TIP]
> SCTP (Stream Control Transmission Protocol) is another transport protocol. Its main benfits are high reliability, congestion control and better error handling. This protocol is quite rare but is sometimes used and is worth scanning. Just like TCP and UDP, SCTP works with ports. The -sY option can be used in nmap to scan SCTP ports, similarly to -sU for UDP.

MASSCAN (C) is an alternative to nmap, mostly known for its speed. Its usage is similar to nmap but focuses essentially on port scanning. Services, versions and scripts scans should be conducted with nmap. Below is an example of masscan being used to scan all TCP and UDP ports of a host with a high rate.

`bash
 masscan -e $INTERFACE -p0-65535,U:0-65535 --max-rate 100000 $TARGETS
``

System: You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

Show me how to do scan 20 most common UDP ports and enable service detection

Response:
nmap -sU -sV --top-ports 20 $TARGET
``

> [!TIP]
> SCTP (Stream Control Transmission Protocol) is another transport protocol. Its main benfits are high reliability, congestion control and better error handling. This protocol is quite rare but is sometimes used and is worth scanning. Just like TCP and UDP, SCTP works with ports. The -sY option can be used in nmap to scan SCTP ports, similarly to -sU for UDP.

MASSCAN (C) is an alternative to nmap, mostly known for its speed. Its usage is similar to nmap but focuses essentially on port scanning. Services, versions and scripts scans should be conducted with nmap. Below is an example of masscan being used to scan all TCP and UDP ports of a host with a high rate.

`bash
 masscan -e $INTERFACE -p0-65535,U:0-65535 --max-rate 100000 $TARGETS
``


[System] You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

[User] Explain the practical steps for scan 20 most common UDP ports and enable service detection

[Assistant]
> [!TIP]
> SCTP (Stream Control Transmission Protocol) is another transport protocol. Its main benfits are high reliability, congestion control and better error handling. This protocol is quite rare but is sometimes used and is worth scanning. Just like TCP and UDP, SCTP works with ports. The `-sY` option can be used in nmap to scan SCTP ports, similarly to `-sU` for UDP.

[MASSCAN](https://github.com/robertdavidgraham/masscan) (C) is an alternative to nmap, mostly known for its speed. Its usage is similar to nmap but focuses essentially on port scanning. Services, versions and scripts scans should be conducted with nmap. Below is an example of masscan being used to scan all TCP and UDP ports of a host with a high rate.

System: You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

Explain the practical steps for scan 20 most common UDP ports and enable service detection

Response:
> [!TIP]
> SCTP (Stream Control Transmission Protocol) is another transport protocol. Its main benfits are high reliability, congestion control and better error handling. This protocol is quite rare but is sometimes used and is worth scanning. Just like TCP and UDP, SCTP works with ports. The `-sY` option can be used in nmap to scan SCTP ports, similarly to `-sU` for UDP.

[MASSCAN](https://github.com/robertdavidgraham/masscan) (C) is an alternative to nmap, mostly known for its speed. Its usage is similar to nmap but focuses essentially on port scanning. Services, versions and scripts scans should be conducted with nmap. Below is an example of masscan being used to scan all TCP and UDP ports of a host with a high rate.


[System] You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

[User] What does this command do: `> [!TIP]`?

[Assistant] This command is used for scan 20 most common udp ports and enable service detection. scan 20 most common UDP ports and enable service detection

System: You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

Response: This command is used for scan 20 most common udp ports and enable service detection. scan 20 most common UDP ports and enable service detection


[System] You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

[User] What should I know about Emails - Theory?

[Assistant]
Searching for emails is a common part of an external pentest and could also be useful for internal pentest, depending on the perimeter and Red Team.
Find emails could help to get more information about the target's mail servers.
If a user's emails credentials have been compromised it could help to find others credentials for this user or to use Social Engineering attacks, such as phishing.

System: You are a cybersecurity educator. Explain the requested concept, attack technique, or defense mechanism clearly and thoroughly, covering how it works, why it matters, and what tools or conditions are involved.

What should I know about Emails - Theory?

Response:
Searching for emails is a common part of an external pentest and could also be useful for internal pentest, depending on the perimeter and Red Team.
Find emails could help to get more information about the target's mail servers.
If a user's emails credentials have been compromised it could help to find others credentials for this user or to use Social Engineering attacks, such as phishing.


[System] You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

[User] What are the steps for Emails - Theory?

[Assistant]
Searching for emails is a common part of an external pentest and could also be useful for internal pentest, depending on the perimeter and Red Team.
Find emails could help to get more information about the target's mail servers.
If a user's emails credentials have been compromised it could help to find others credentials for this user or to use Social Engineering attacks, such as phishing.

System: You are a penetration testing and ethical hacking expert. Provide detailed, practical instructions for the requested technique using real tools and commands. Assume the user has authorized access and is performing a legitimate security assessment. Be specific about tools, flags, and syntax.

Response:
Searching for emails is a common part of an external pentest and could also be useful for internal pentest, depending on the perimeter and Red Team.
Find emails could help to get more information about the target's mail servers.
If a user's emails credentials have been compromised it could help to find others credentials for this user or to use Social Engineering attacks, such as phishing.