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Fokussiert: Lernen in Extremsituationen | |
Genetic Characterisation of African Swine Fever Virus in Outbreaks in Ha Nam Province, Red River Delta Region of Vietnam, and Activity of Antimicrobial Products Against Virus Infection in Contaminated Feed | INTRODUCTION: African swine fever (ASF) was officially reported in Vietnam in February 2019 and spread across the whole country, affecting all 63 provinces and cities. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this study, ASF virus (ASFV) VN/Pig/HaNam/2019 (VN/Pig/HN/19) strain was isolated in primary porcine alveolar macrophage (PAM) ... |
Dual Infection of Infants by Human Metapneumovirus and Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Is Strongly Associated with Severe Bronchiolitis | The association between severe bronchiolitis and dual infection by human metapneumovirus (hMPV) and human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) was investigated in !2-year-old infants with bronchiolitis who were admitted to the hospital during the 2001–2002 winter season. hMPV in nasopharyngeal aspirate and/or cells and f... |
Letter to the Editor on “Bonafè M, Prattichizzo F, Giuliani A, Storci G, Sabbatinelli J, Olivieri F. Inflamm-aging: Why older men are the most susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 complicated outcomes. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev” | |
Communication of bed allocation decisions in a critical care unit and accountability for reasonableness | BACKGROUND: Communication may affect perceptions of fair process for intensive care unit bed allocation decisions through its impact on the publicity condition of accountability for reasonableness. METHODS: We performed a qualitative case study to describe participant perceptions of the communication of bed allocation ... |
Influenza, respiratory syncytial virus and SARS | Abstract Acute lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) are a major worldwide health problem, particularly in childhood, and are ranked first among the conditions contributing to the global burden of disease. About 30–50% of acute LRTIs are viral in origin; of these, influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) ar... |
L565M mutation in HIV-1 glycoprotein 41 stabilizes the coiled-coil structure | Abstract N-terminal and C-terminal heptad repeats (NHR and CHR) of HIV type 1 (HIV-1) glycoprotein 41 are known to be regions directly related to cell fusion during virus attack, and their complex core constructs a coiled-coil structure in the fusion process. In our recent studies, MT-4/17-3-6, a strain of HIV-1, showe... |
A multinational, multicentre study on the psychological outcomes and associated physical symptoms amongst healthcare workers during COVID-19 outbreak | Abstract Objective Since the declaration of the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak as pandemic, there are reports on the increased prevalence of physical symptoms observed in the general population. We investigated the association between psychological outcomes and physical symptoms among healthcare workers. Methods ... |
SHIP deficiency causes Crohn's disease-like ileitis | BACKGROUND: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can arise from genetic mutations that compromise intestinal epithelial cell integrity or immune regulation. SHIP has previously been shown to play a pivotal role in limiting the number of immunoregulatory cells and their function. AIM: To determine whether SHIP plays a pivot... |
Evaluating ultraviolet sensitivity of adventitious agents in biopharmaceutical manufacturing | Incidents of contamination in biopharmaceutical production have highlighted the need to apply alternative or supplementary disinfection techniques. Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation is a well-established method for inactivating a broad range of microorganisms, and is therefore a good candidate as an orthogonal technique for... |
Roles of the Picornaviral 3C Proteinase in the Viral Life Cycle and Host Cells | The Picornaviridae family comprises a large group of non-enveloped viruses that have a major impact on human and veterinary health. The viral genome contains one open reading frame encoding a single polyprotein that can be processed by viral proteinases. The crucial 3C proteinases (3C(pro)s) of picornaviruses share sim... |
Unmet Needs in Respiratory Diseases: “You Can’t Know Where You Are Going Until You Know Where You Have Been”—Anonymous | The care of patients with respiratory diseases has improved vastly in the past 50 years. In spite of that, there are still massive challenges that have not been resolved. Although the incidence of tuberculosis has decreased in the developed world, it is still a significant public health problem in the rest of the world... |
How Much May COVID‐19 School Closures Increase Childhood Obesity? | In a recent paper entitled, “COVID‐19 Related School Closings and Risk of Weight Gain Among Children” Rundle et al. (2020) proposed the COVID‐19 pandemic may increase obesity among American children because the pandemic, “will likely double out‐of‐school time this year for many children in the United States and will ex... |
Impact of COVID‐19 on Mohs micrographic surgery: UK‐wide survey and recommendations for practice | Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has overwhelmed and disrupted healthcare systems including dermatology services. National directives were issued to reduce patient footfall within hospitals in anticipation of a deluge of COVID‐19 admissions. We conducted a survey focusing on the impact of the pandemic upon ... |
Chapter 1 Cycloaddition reactions for antiviral compounds | Abstract Prominent in the current stage of drug development, antiviral compounds can be efficiently prepared through cycloaddition reactions. The chapter reports the use of classical Diels–Alder and their hetero version for the design and synthesis of compounds that were tested for their antiviral activities against a ... |
Role of Molecular Diagnostics in the Management of Infectious Disease Emergencies | Clinical laboratories have traditionally relied on time-consuming phenotypic methods such as culture, serology, and biochemical tests for detection, identification, and characterization of microbial pathogens. Real-time polymerase chain reaction technology can now identify many pathogenic organisms that constitute infe... |
Screening of Donor and Recipient in Solid Organ Transplantation | |
The effects of physical distancing on population mobility during the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK | |
Fatal Varicella Myocarditis in a Child with Down Syndrome—A Case Report | A 12-year-old male child with Down syndrome, who had recovered from congenital heart disease, succumbed to severe varicella myocarditis. His clinical presentation at admission mimicked acute coronary syndrome. Analysis of this case throws insight into several aspects of varicella myocarditis. |
Consensus statement: Safe Airway Society principles of airway management and tracheal intubation specific to the COVID‐19 adult patient group | INTRODUCTION: This statement was planned on 11 March 2020 to provide clinical guidance and aid staff preparation for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic in Australia and New Zealand. It has been widely endorsed by relevant specialty colleges and societies. MAIN RECOMMENDATIONS: Generic guidelines exist for... |
Stress, anxiety, and depression levels in the initial stage of the COVID-19 outbreak in a population sample in the northern Spain. | The SARS-CoV-2 virus reached Spain in March 2020, and a nationwide state of alert was declared on March 14th, leading to the confinement of the entire population. The current study was conducted in the Basque Autonomous Community in northern Spain. The authors analyzed stress, anxiety, and depression with the arrival o... |
Coalescent inference for infectious disease: meta-analysis of hepatitis C | Genetic analysis of pathogen genomes is a powerful approach to investigating the population dynamics and epidemic history of infectious diseases. However, the theoretical underpinnings of the most widely used, coalescent methods have been questioned, casting doubt on their interpretation. The aim of this study is to de... |
Methods Using Social Media and Search Queries to Predict Infectious Disease Outbreaks | OBJECTIVES: For earlier detection of infectious disease outbreaks, a digital syndromic surveillance system based on search queries or social media should be utilized. By using real-time data sources, a digital syndromic surveillance system can overcome the limitation of time-delay in traditional surveillance systems. H... |
Nasopharyngeal microbiota composition of children is related to the frequency of upper respiratory infection and acute sinusitis | BACKGROUND: Upper respiratory infections (URI) and their complications are a major healthcare burden for pediatric populations. Although the microbiology of the nasopharynx is an important determinant of the complications of URI, little is known of the nasopharyngeal (NP) microbiota of children, the factors that affect... |
Population response to the risk of vector-borne diseases: lessons learned from socio-behavioural research during large-scale outbreaks | Vector-borne infectious diseases, such as malaria, dengue, chikungunya, and West Nile fevers are increasingly identified as major global human health threats in developing and developed countries. The success or failure of vector control rests mainly on the nature and scale of the behavioural response of exposed popula... |
Issues Related to the Use of Animals in Biocontainment Research Facilities | The expansion and improvement of high-containment animal facilities has been driven by terrorism, economics, the emergence of new pathogens, and the re-emergence of other pathogens in new areas. Working with highly infectious viral agents requires a team of trained scientists, laboratory technicians, veterinarians, ani... |
Human Monoclonal Antibody Combination against SARS Coronavirus: Synergy and Coverage of Escape Mutants | BACKGROUND: Experimental animal data show that protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) infection with human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) is feasible. For an effective immune prophylaxis in humans, broad coverage of different strains of SARS-CoV and control of potential neutralization... |
Neutralization Interfering Antibodies: A “Novel” Example of Humoral Immune Dysfunction Facilitating Viral Escape? | The immune response against some viral pathogens, in particular those causing chronic infections, is often ineffective notwithstanding a robust humoral neutralizing response. Several evasion mechanisms capable of subverting the activity of neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) have been described. Among them, the elicitation ... |
Inpatient Use of Ambulatory Telemetry Monitors for COVID-19 Patients Treated with Hydroxychloroquine and/or Azithromycin | |
Structure-based virtual screening for novel inhibitors of Japanese encephalitis virus NS3 helicase/nucleoside triphosphatase | Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a significant cause of human morbidity and mortality throughout Asia and Africa. Vaccines have reduced the incidence of JE in some countries, but no specific antiviral therapy is currently available. The NS3 protein of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a multifunctional protein combinin... |
Co-expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry genes in the superficial adult human conjunctival, limbal and corneal epithelium suggests an additional route of entry via the ocular surface | PURPOSE: The high infection rate of SARS-CoV-2 necessitates the need for multiple studies identifying the molecular mechanisms that facilitate the viral entry and propagation. Currently the potential extra-respiratory transmission routes of SARS-CoV-2 remain unclear. METHODS: Using single-cell RNA Seq and ATAC-Seq data... |
Arbidol as a broad-spectrum antiviral: An update | Abstract Arbidol (ARB) is a Russian-made small indole-derivative molecule, licensed in Russia and China for prophylaxis and treatment of influenza and other respiratory viral infections. It also demonstrates inhibitory activity against other viruses, enveloped or not, responsible for emerging or globally prevalent infe... |
The Key Role of Genomics in Modern Vaccine and Drug Design for Emerging Infectious Diseases | It can be argued that the arrival of the “genomics era” has significantly shifted the paradigm of vaccine and therapeutics development from microbiological to sequence-based approaches. Genome sequences provide a previously unattainable route to investigate the mechanisms that underpin pathogenesis. Genomics, transcrip... |
SARS‐CoV2 (COVID‐19) infection: is fetal surgery in times of national disasters reasonable? | Even though the global COVID‐19 pandemic may affect how medical care is delivered in general, most countries try to maintain steady access for women to routine pregnancy care, including fetal anomaly screening. This means that, also during this pandemic, fetal anomalies will be detected, and that discussions regarding ... |
Increased vulnerability of clinical research units during the COVID‐19 crisis and their protection | Currently, the complexity of clinical trial development in oncology is being further complicated by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, which is reducing the resources needed to comply with protocol‐specific procedures while putting patients in units, who are already vulnerable, at increased general risk ... |
Emergence of a novel human coronavirus threatening human health | In late December 2019, a cluster of patients with ‘atypical pneumonia’ of unknown etiology was reported in Wuhan, China. A novel human coronavirus, now provisionally called ‘SARS-CoV-2’, was identified as the cause of this disease, now named ‘COVID-19’. |
From the Editor’s Desk: JGIM and COVID-19 | |
A balanced approach to decision-making in supporting people with IDD in extraordinarily challenging times | A balanced approach to decision-making during challenging times is necessary in order to avoid risks that jeopardize the lives and wellbeing of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). The COVID-19 pandemic is the recent example of a crisis that places people with IDD at risk for lopsided societal... |
Influence of Colostrum and Vitamins A, D(3), and E on Early Intestinal Colonization of Neonatal Holstein Calves Infected with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis | Exposure of neonates to Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) via infected dams is the primary mode of transmission of Johne’s disease. Little is known about the impacts of feeding colostrum and supplemental vitamins on the gut microbiome in calves exposed to MAP. In the present study, calves were assigned ... |
Risk of hospitalization and death from COVID-19 infection in patients with chronic plaque psoriasis receiving a biological treatment and renal transplanted recipients in maintenance immunosuppressive treatment | |
Two Cases of Primary Human Parainfluenza Virus 1 Pneumonia in Which Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Yielded Human Parainfluenza Virus 1 | Two patients, a 76-year-old woman and 66-year-old woman, presented to our hospital with symptoms of lower respiratory tract infection. Both patients showed chest imaging findings of bilateral ground-glass opacities and consolidations. We initially suspected these patients of having influenza-associated pneumonia and cr... |
Patient Burden and Real-World Management of Chemotherapy-Induced Myelosuppression: Results from an Online Survey of Patients with Solid Tumors | INTRODUCTION: Chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression (CIM) is one of the most common dose-limiting complications of cancer treatment, and is associated with a range of debilitating symptoms that can significantly impact patients’ quality of life. The purpose of this study was to understand patients’ perspectives on how ... |
Neurosurgery Residents Perspective on the COVID-19: Knowledge, Readiness, and Impact of this Pandemic. | Abstract Background The novel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a life-threatening illness, which represents a challenge to all the health-care workers. Neurosurgeons around the world are being affected in different ways. Objectives This is the first study regarding the readiness of neurosurgery residents towards the C... |
Roadblocks to Infection Prevention Efforts in Health Care: SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 Response | The outbreak of a novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, is challenging international public health and health care efforts. As hospitals work to acquire enough personal protective equipment and brace for potential cases, the role of infection prevention efforts and programs has become increasingly important. Lessons from the ... |
Bacterial expression of antigenic sites A and D in the spike protein of transmissible gastroenteritis virus and evaluation of their inhibitory effects on viral infection | The spike (S) protein is a key structural protein of coronaviruses including, the porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV). The S protein is a type I membrane glycoprotein located in the viral envelope and is responsible for mediating the binding of viral particles to specific cell receptors and therefore spe... |
Achieving a Popliteal Venous Access for RRT in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patient in Prone position | Abstract This patient is a 67-year-old male who initially presented to our facility with acute respiratory failure secondary to COVID-19. Soon after arrival at our facility, the patient decompensated, developing severe ARDS requiring intubation and prone positioning to maintain adequate oxygenation. Over the next few d... |
Protecting frontline healthcare workers should be the top priority in low-resource health systems: Bangladesh and COVID-19 | |
Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of 24 Components in Jinlianhua Decoction by UPLC–MS/MS | Jinlianhua Decoction (JD), composed of Flos Trollii, Herba Taraxaci, Folium Isatidis, Radix Puerariae Lobatae, and Folium Perillae in a ratio of 6:15:10:10:6, is a prescription for Fengwen which is a group of febrile diseases due to wind in Chinese medicine. It was originally used for the prevention and treatment of se... |
Effect of state regulatory environments on advanced psychiatric nursing practice() | The first key message in the landmark Future of Nursing report is that “Nurses should practice to the full extent of their education and training” (Institute of Medicine, 2011). Although there has been significant progress across states to remove or diminish barriers to the exercise of full scope of practice by advance... |
Genetic analysis of calicivirus genomes detected in intestinal contents of piglets in Japan | Enteric caliciviruses, noroviruses, and sapoviruses are emerging path- ogens responsible for diarrhea or gastroenteritis in their respective hosts. In this study, swine enteric caliciviruses were detected in ten samples of intestinal contents from 24 piglets in Japan by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction u... |
Molecular characterization of a novel Muscovy duck parvovirus isolate: evidence of recombination between classical MDPV and goose parvovirus strains | BACKGROUND: Muscovy duck parvovirus (MDPV) and Goose parvovirus (GPV) are important etiological agents for Muscovy duck parvoviral disease and Derzsy’s disease, respectively; both of which can cause substantial economic losses in waterfowl industry. In contrast to GPV, the complete genomic sequence data of MDPV isolate... |
Macrolide-Resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae, United States | Macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MRMP) is highly prevalent in Asia and is now being reported from Europe. Few data on MRMP are available in the United States. Using genotypic and phenotypic methods, we detected high-level MRMP in 13.2% of 91 M. pneumoniae–positive specimens from 6 US locations. |
Chapter 12 Synthesis | Abstract The preceding chapters have described in detail specific examples of viruses that have emerged or re-emerged from animal sources. Most, although not all, are zoonotic and have caused significant human morbidity and mortality. This final chapter will attempt to bring together a number of the common themes raise... |
(90)Y Radioembolization: Telemedicine During COVID-19 Outbreak, Opportunity for Prime Time | |
Side effects of ruxolitinib in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: two case reports | • Innovative drugs are not always available in emergency settings; • Use of ruxolitinib in patients with COVID-19 has given unsatisfactory results; • Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors may be associated with a major incidence of side effects in COVID-19 patients. |
Public image and governance of epidemics: Comparing HIV/AIDS and SARS | Abstract A comparative analysis of the 2002–2003 infectious disease outbreak, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), and the HIV/AIDS epidemic that has affected the world over the past two decades reveals the significant role of socio-cultural beliefs and attitudes in the shaping of people's lifestyles and approache... |
Skin fragility syndrome in a cat with feline infectious peritonitis and hepatic lipidosis | A 6‐year‐old spayed female domestic shorthair cat with a 3‐week history of inappetence, weight loss, and hiding was examined. A palpable abdominal fluid wave, dehydration, and a small tear on the left flank were noted during initial examination. When the cat was gently restrained for blood sampling, the skin on the dor... |
Old Enemies, Still with Us after All These Years | Although some previously common infections, such as Sendai virus and Mycoplasma pulmonis, have become rare in laboratory rodents in North American research facilities, others continue to plague researchers and those responsible for providing biomedical scientists with animals free of adventitious disease. Long-recogniz... |
On mothering and being mothered: a personal reflection on women's productivity during Covid‐19 | This is a personal reflection, as a female academic during Covid‐19, on how women's academic productivity seems primarily to be discussed in relation to a different kind of productivity–motherhood. A recent procedure in a maternity hospital, evoked feelings and associations of mothering and being mothered, and how thes... |
Clinical Epidemiology of Bocavirus, Rhinovirus, Two Polyomaviruses and Four Coronaviruses in HIV-Infected and HIV-Uninfected South African Children | BACKGROUND: Advances in molecular diagnostics have implicated newly-discovered respiratory viruses in the pathogenesis of pneumonia. We aimed to determine the prevalence and clinical characteristics of human bocavirus (hBoV), human rhinovirus (hRV), polyomavirus-WU (WUPyV) and –KI (KIPyV) and human coronaviruses (CoV)-... |
The contagion effects of the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from Gold and Cryptocurrencies | Abstract At the beginning of the 2020 global COVID-2019 pandemic, Chinese financial markets acted as the epicentre of both physical and financial contagion. Our results indicate that a number of characteristics expected during a ”flight to safety” were present during the period analysed. The volatility relationship bet... |
The workplace integration of veterans: Applying diversity and fit perspectives | Abstract Military veterans are a valuable part of the human capital resource pool. Nonetheless, veterans often struggle with their transition into civilian life and workplaces. This problem often limits the extent to which work organizations utilize their talents. Here, we briefly review relevant work from outside the ... |
MERS-CoV Infection in a Pregnant Woman in Korea | Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) is a lethal respiratory disease — caused by MERS-coronavirus (MERS-CoV) which was first identified in 2012. Especially, pregnant women can be expected as highly vulnerable candidates for this viral infection. In May 2015, this virus was spread in Korea and a pregnant woman was co... |
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus M protein suppresses type I interferon expression through the inhibition of TBK1-dependent phosphorylation of IRF3 | Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection has claimed hundreds of lives and has become a global threat since its emergence in Saudi Arabia in 2012. The ability of MERS-CoV to evade the host innate antiviral response may contribute to its severe pathogenesis. Many MERS-CoV-encoded proteins were i... |
COVID-19 Cardiac Injury: Implications for Long-Term Surveillance and Outcomes in Survivors | Up to 20-30% of patients hospitalized with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) have evidence of myocardial involvement. Acute cardiac injury in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 is associated with higher morbidity and mortality. There are no data on how acute treatment for COVID-19 may affect convalescent phase or long-te... |
Pathogenesis of Murine Coronavirus in the Central Nervous System | Murine coronavirus (mouse hepatitis virus, MHV) is a collection of strains that induce disease in several organ systems of mice. Infection with neurotropic strains JHM and A59 causes acute encephalitis, and in survivors, chronic demyelination, the latter of which serves as an animal model for multiple sclerosis. The MH... |
Isozyme characterization of cattle (Bos taurus) and American buffalo (Bison bison) cell cultures | Four Bovidae cell lines (BEK‐1, MDBK, Bu and EBTr) were characterized by means of enzymatic biochemical markers. Out of 15 enzymatic systems, 3 — adenosine dea‐minase [Ada), phosphoglucomutase (Pgm) and nucleoside phosphorylase (Np) —were found to be polymorphic and quite suitable for biochemical identification of each... |
Vitamin D, virus etiology, and atopy in first‐time wheezing children in Finland | |
Protective Effects of Cell-Free Supernatant and Live Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Thai Pigs Against a Pandemic Strain of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus | Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a coronavirus which causes severe diarrhea and fatal dehydration in piglets. In general, probiotic supplements could enhance recovery and protect piglets against enteric pathogens. Seven local lactic acid bacteria (LAB), (Ent. faecium 79N and 40N, Lact. plantarum 22F, 25F and 3... |
Food Intake and Nutrition During Pregnancy, Lactation and Weaning in the Dam and Offspring | In mammalian species, the connection between reproduction and nutrition is undeniable and illustrated by numerous publications: its role concerning regulation of hormonal secretions, fertility, pregnancy outcome, lactation and neonatal development indeed retains the attention of the scientific community. The interest o... |
Adenovirus inactivation by in situ photocatalytically and photoelectrocatalytically generated halogen viricides | Abstract This study investigates and compares the virucidal performances of photocatalytic (PC) and photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) treatments in the presence and absence of halides, such as Br− and Cl−, under comparable experimental conditions. The results confirm that the PC virucidal efficiency can be enhanced in the pr... |
Chapter 9 Edible Vaccines | Abstract Vaccines are considered primary tools for health intervention in both humans and animals. Vaccines can be used more widely, especially in developing countries, if their cost of production can be reduced and they can be preserved without refrigeration. In developing countries certain limitations, like vaccine a... |
An observational study of febrile seizures: the importance of viral infection and immunization | BACKGROUND: Febrile seizures are common in young children. Annual peaks in incidence mirror increased respiratory virus activity during winter. Limited virological data are available using modern diagnostic techniques for children with febrile seizures. We aimed to determine the frequency of detection of specific viral... |
Predisposition or Protection? COVID-19 in a Patient on LVAD Support with HIV/AIDS | Abstract There is a desperate search to discover effective therapies against COVID-19. Patients with HIV/AIDS comprise a unique population whose clinical course may provide insights into the effects of ART on COVID-19. We describe the case of a patient with HIV/AIDS on LVAD support who was hospitalized and recovered fr... |
The Federal Trade Commission’s response to the COVID-19 pandemic | |
Influenza and SARS-Coronavirus Activating Proteases TMPRSS2 and HAT Are Expressed at Multiple Sites in Human Respiratory and Gastrointestinal Tracts | The type II transmembrane serine proteases TMPRSS2 and HAT activate influenza viruses and the SARS-coronavirus (TMPRSS2) in cell culture and may play an important role in viral spread and pathogenesis in the infected host. However, it is at present largely unclear to what extent these proteases are expressed in viral t... |
Development and Evaluation of an Enterovirus D68 Real-Time Reverse Transcriptase PCR Assay | We have developed and evaluated a real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) assay for the detection of human enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) in clinical specimens. This assay was developed in response to the unprecedented 2014 nationwide EV-D68 outbreak in the United States associated with severe respiratory illness. As pa... |
Morphology Remodeling and Selective Autophagy of Intracellular Organelles during Viral Infections | Viruses have evolved different strategies to hijack subcellular organelles during their life cycle to produce robust infectious progeny. Successful viral reproduction requires the precise assembly of progeny virions from viral genomes, structural proteins, and membrane components. Such spatial and temporal separation o... |
Covid-19 management with Inflammation Resolving Mediators? Perspectives and Potential | |
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus in Bats, Saudi Arabia | The source of human infection with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus remains unknown. Molecular investigation indicated that bats in Saudi Arabia are infected with several alphacoronaviruses and betacoronaviruses. Virus from 1 bat showed 100% nucleotide identity to virus from the human index case-patient. Ba... |
Comment on: “Acral findings during the COVID-19 outbreak: Chilblain-like lesions should be preferred to acro-ischemic lesions” | |
Job loss at home: children’s school performance during the Great Recession | This paper studies the intergenerational impact of parental job loss on school performance during the Great Recession in Spain. Collecting data through parental surveys in a school in the province of Barcelona, I obtain information about the parental labour market status before and after the Great Recession. I can then... |
RNA interference: An emerging generation of biologicals | RNA interference (RNAi) is a mechanism displayed by most eukaryotic cells to rid themselves of foreign double‐stranded RNA molecules. RNAi has now been demonstrated to function in mammalian cells to alter gene expression, and has been used as a means for genetic discovery as well as a possible strategy for genetic corr... |
Metabolite identification of arbidol in human urine by the study of CID fragmentation pathways using HPLC coupled with ion trap mass spectrometry | The metabolism of arbidol in humans was studied using liquid chromatography‐electrospray ionization (ESI) ion trap mass spectrometry (ITMS) after an oral dose of 300‐mg arbidol. A total of 17 metabolites were identified including the glucuronide arbidol and the glucuronide sulfinylarbidol as the major metabolites. Arbi... |
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of human rhinovirus positivity in hospitalized children | BACKGROUND: The clinical relevance of positive human rhinovirus (HRV) in hospitalized patients is unclear. Our objective was to describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of HRV positivity in a heterogeneous population of hospitalized children, compared to those positive for another respiratory virus and those ... |
Estimation of the secondary attack rate of COVID-19 using proportional meta-analysis of nationwide contact tracing data in Taiwan | Abstract Crude secondary attack rate (SAR) of COVID-19 in Taiwan was 0.84% using nationwide contact-tracing data till April 8, 2020. The random-effect Bayesian metaanalysis yielded 95% credible intervals of 0.42%-1.69% and 0.08%-8.32%, respectively, for estimated SAR pooling from 15 case series and for predicted SAR in... |
A Simple Method for Detection of a Novel Coronavirus (SARS‐CoV‐2) using One‐step RT‐PCR followed by Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism | BACKGROUND: A novel coronavirus associated with acute respiratory disease (named SARS‐CoV‐2) is recently identified in Wuhan city, China, spread rapidly worldwide. An early identification of this novel coronavirus by molecular tools is critical for surveillance and control of the epidemic outbreak. OBJECTIVES: We aimed... |
High isolation rate of adenovirus serotype 7 from South Korean military recruits with mild acute respiratory disease | Adenovirus is a major cause of acute respiratory disease (ARD) in military recruits. When South Korean military recruits with ARD were surveyed, adenovirus was identified in 122 (61.0%) of the 200 recruits studied. Moreover, all cases of ARD involving adenovirus were caused by serotype 7. |
National action plan to eliminate central line-associated bloodstream infections in Taiwan | |
Human bocavirus (HBoV) in children with respiratory tract infection by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and qualitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) | BACKGROUND: Human bocavirus (HBoV) is a recently discovered parvovirus associated with mild to severe lower respiratory tract infections in children, the aim of the work was determination of human bocavirus in nasopharyngeal aspirate (NPA) of infants by qualitative PCR and determination of acute human bocavirus infecti... |
Chapter 1 Introduction to virus origins and their role in biological evolution | Abstract Viruses are diverse parasites of cells and extremely abundant. They might have arisen during an early phase of the evolution of life on Earth dominated by ribonucleic acid or RNA-like macromolecules, or when a cellular world was already well established. The theories of the origin of life on Earth shed light o... |
Internet-based self-help intervention aimed at increasing social self-efficacy among internal migrants in Poland: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial | Abstract Background Migration is a challenging life transition that may be a source of various problems related to well-being and mental health. However, the psychological adaptation of migrants may be potentially facilitated by social self-efficacy—the beliefs in one's ability to initiate and maintain interpersonal re... |
The incidence of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 among asymptomatic patients: a systematic review | BACKGROUND: the recent outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has quickly spread globally since its discovery in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. A comprehensive strategy, including surveillance, diagnostics, research, and clinical treatment is urgently needed to win the battle against COVID-19. Recently, n... |
Anti-inflammatory effects of Lactococcus lactis NCDO 2118 during the remission period of chemically induced colitis | BACKGROUND: Many probiotic bacteria have been described as promising tools for the treatment and prevention of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). Most of these bacteria are lactic acid bacteria, which are part of the healthy human microbiota. However, little is known about the effects of transient bacteria present in ... |
Development of a Social Contact Survey Instrument Relevant to the Spread of Infectious Disease and Its Application in a Pilot Study Among Korean Adults | OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to develop a valid social contact survey instrument and to verify its feasibility for use among Korean adults. METHODS: The Delphi technique was used to develop an instrument to assess social contacts, which was then applied in a cross-sectional pilot study. A panel of 15 medical profession... |
Manipulation of the Coronavirus Genome Using Targeted RNA Recombination with Interspecies Chimeric Coronaviruses | Targeted RNA recombination has proven to be a powerful tool for the genetic engineering of the coronavirus genome, particularly in its 3′ part. Here we describe procedures for the generation of recombinant and mutant mouse hepatitis virus and feline infectious peritonitis virus. Key to the two-step method is the effici... |
Targeted Immunosuppression Distinguishes COVID-19 from Influenza in Moderate and Severe Disease | Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is characterized by a high incidence of acute respiratory failure. The underlying immunopathology of that failure and how it compares to other causes of severe respiratory distress, such as influenza virus infection, are not fully understood. Here we addressed this by developing a pr... |
Dynamic changes of peripheral blood lymphocytes subsets in adult patients with COVID-19 | Abstract Introduction Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has been widely spread. We aim to investigate the dynamic changes of peripheral blood lymphocytes subsets in adult patients with COVID-19. Methods Electronic medical records includi... |
The impact of different COVID-19 containment measures on electricity consumption in Europe | As of March 13, 2020, the director general of the World Health Organization (WHO) considered Europe as the centre of the global COVID-19 outbreak. All countries within Europe had a confirmed case of COVID-19 by March 17. In response to the pandemic, different European countries took different approaches. This paper com... |
What has COVID‐19 taken from us and brought instead? | The outbreak of the novel corona virus had dramatic impact throughout the World. It was completely unexpected for most of us and we were not prepared at all to change our daily routines. When the first cases of deaths due to the novel corona virus were announced, the first reaction was an acute interest followed by som... |
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