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Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Sig has built his own keyboard. Designed for ultimate simplicity, this keyboard only has 3 keys on it: the 0 key, the 1 key and the backspace key. To begin with, he is using a plain text editor with this keyboard. This editor always displays one string ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Drazil is playing a math game with Varda. Let's define <image> for positive integer x as a product of factorials of its digits. For example, <image>. First, they choose a decimal number a consisting of n digits that contains at least one digit larger ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. The "BerCorp" company has got n employees. These employees can use m approved official languages for the formal correspondence. The languages are numbered with integers from 1 to m. For each employee we have the list of languages, which he knows. This l...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Theofanis decided to visit his uncle's farm. There are $s$ animals and $n$ animal pens on the farm. For utility purpose, animal pens are constructed in one row. Uncle told Theofanis that a farm is lucky if you can distribute all animals in all pens in ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. This is an interactive problem. Refer to the Interaction section below for better understanding. Ithea and Chtholly want to play a game in order to determine who can use the kitchen tonight. <image> Initially, Ithea puts n clear sheets of paper in a ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. ### Background I was reading a [book](http://www.amazon.co.uk/Things-Make-Do-Fourth-Dimension/dp/1846147646/) recently, "Things to Make and Do in the Fourth Dimension" by comedian and mathematician Matt Parker, and in the first chapter of the book Matt...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Two-gram is an ordered pair (i.e. string of length two) of capital Latin letters. For example, "AZ", "AA", "ZA" — three distinct two-grams. You are given a string $s$ consisting of $n$ capital Latin letters. Your task is to find any two-gram contained ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. In the Ancient Kingdom of Snuke, there was a pyramid to strengthen the authority of Takahashi, the president of AtCoder Inc. The pyramid had center coordinates (C_X, C_Y) and height H. The altitude of coordinates (X, Y) is max(H - |X - C_X| - |Y - C_Y|...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. One of the most important products of the R1 company is a popular @r1.com mail service. The R1 mailboxes receive and send millions of emails every day. Today, the online news thundered with terrible information. The R1 database crashed and almost no da...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Vanya has a scales for weighing loads and weights of masses w^0, w^1, w^2, ..., w^100 grams where w is some integer not less than 2 (exactly one weight of each nominal value). Vanya wonders whether he can weight an item with mass m using the given weigh...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Vasya has a sequence of cubes and exactly one integer is written on each cube. Vasya exhibited all his cubes in a row. So the sequence of numbers written on the cubes in the order from the left to the right equals to a_1, a_2, ..., a_{n}. While Vasya w...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Print the circumference of a circle of radius R. -----Constraints----- - 1 \leq R \leq 100 - All values in input are integers. -----Input----- Input is given from Standard Input in the following format: R -----Output----- Print the circumference of...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Takahashi is a user of a site that hosts programming contests. When a user competes in a contest, the rating of the user (not necessarily an integer) changes according to the performance of the user, as follows: - Let the current rating of the user ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. A frog is initially at position $0$ on the number line. The frog has two positive integers $a$ and $b$. From a position $k$, it can either jump to position $k+a$ or $k-b$. Let $f(x)$ be the number of distinct integers the frog can reach if it never jum...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. The Little Elephant from the Zoo of Lviv currently is on the military mission. There are N enemy buildings placed in a row and numbered from left to right strating from 0. Each building i (except the first and the last) has exactly two adjacent building...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Don Drumphet lives in a nice neighborhood, but one of his neighbors has started to let his house go. Don Drumphet wants to build a wall between his house and his neighbor’s, and is trying to get the neighborhood association to pay for it. He begins to...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You are given a sequence of $n$ pairs of integers: $(a_1, b_1), (a_2, b_2), \dots , (a_n, b_n)$. This sequence is called bad if it is sorted in non-descending order by first elements or if it is sorted in non-descending order by second elements. Otherwi...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Sherlock and Watson are playing swapping game. Watson gives to Sherlock a string S on which he has performed K swaps. You need to help Sherlock in finding the original string. One swap on a string is performed in this way: Assuming 1 indexing, the ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. The Smart Beaver from ABBYY loves puzzles. One of his favorite puzzles is the magic square. He has recently had an idea to automate the solution of this puzzle. The Beaver decided to offer this challenge to the ABBYY Cup contestants. The magic square i...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Your classmates asked you to copy some paperwork for them. You know that there are 'n' classmates and the paperwork has 'm' pages. Your task is to calculate how many blank pages do you need. ### Example: ```python paperwork(5, 5) == 25 ``` **Note:** ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. How many licks does it take to get to the tootsie roll center of a tootsie pop? A group of engineering students from Purdue University reported that its licking machine, modeled after a human tongue, took an average of 364 licks to get to the center of...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You are given two bracket sequences (not necessarily regular) s and t consisting only of characters '(' and ')'. You want to construct the shortest regular bracket sequence that contains both given bracket sequences as subsequences (not necessarily cont...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Vasya has recently learned to type and log on to the Internet. He immediately entered a chat room and decided to say hello to everybody. Vasya typed the word s. It is considered that Vasya managed to say hello if several letters can be deleted from the ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Polycarp has decided to decorate his room because the New Year is soon. One of the main decorations that Polycarp will install is the garland he is going to solder himself. Simple garlands consisting of several lamps connected by one wire are too borin...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. The window of Takahashi's room has a width of A. There are two curtains hung over the window, each of which has a horizontal length of B. (Vertically, the curtains are long enough to cover the whole window.) We will close the window so as to minimize th...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. We have two bottles for holding water. Bottle 1 can hold up to A milliliters of water, and now it contains B milliliters of water. Bottle 2 contains C milliliters of water. We will transfer water from Bottle 2 to Bottle 1 as much as possible. How much a...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Vladik had started reading a complicated book about algorithms containing n pages. To improve understanding of what is written, his friends advised him to read pages in some order given by permutation P = [p_1, p_2, ..., p_{n}], where p_{i} denotes the ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. ## Objective Given a number `n` we will define it's sXORe to be `0 XOR 1 XOR 2 ... XOR n` where `XOR` is the [bitwise XOR operator](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitwise_operation#XOR). Write a function that takes `n` and returns it's sXORe. ## Examp...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Consider a table of size $n \times m$, initially fully white. Rows are numbered $1$ through $n$ from top to bottom, columns $1$ through $m$ from left to right. Some square inside the table with odd side length was painted black. Find the center of this ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Finish the solution so that it takes an input `n` (integer) and returns a string that is the decimal representation of the number grouped by commas after every 3 digits. Assume: `0 <= n < 2147483647` ## Examples ``` 1 -> "1" 1...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Ivan is a student at Berland State University (BSU). There are n days in Berland week, and each of these days Ivan might have some classes at the university. There are m working hours during each Berland day, and each lesson at the university lasts exa...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. After the big birthday party, Katie still wanted Shiro to have some more fun. Later, she came up with a game called treasure hunt. Of course, she invited her best friends Kuro and Shiro to play with her. The three friends are very smart so they passed ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Vasya is an administrator of a public page of organization "Mouse and keyboard" and his everyday duty is to publish news from the world of competitive programming. For each news he also creates a list of hashtags to make searching for a particular topic...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Petya once wrote a sad love song and shared it to Vasya. The song is a string consisting of lowercase English letters. Vasya made up $q$ questions about this song. Each question is about a subsegment of the song starting from the $l$-th letter to the $r...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You are given an integer sequence of length N, a_1,a_2,...,a_N. For each 1≤i≤N, you have three choices: add 1 to a_i, subtract 1 from a_i or do nothing. After these operations, you select an integer X and count the number of i such that a_i=X. Maximi...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. The Berland capital is shaken with three bold crimes committed by the Pihsters, a notorious criminal gang. The Berland capital's map is represented by an n × m rectangular table. Each cell of the table on the map represents some districts of the capita...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Vasya takes part in the orienteering competition. There are n checkpoints located along the line at coordinates x_1, x_2, ..., x_{n}. Vasya starts at the point with coordinate a. His goal is to visit at least n - 1 checkpoint in order to finish the comp...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Based on some criterion, Snuke divided the integers from 1 through 12 into three groups as shown in the figure below. Given two integers x and y (1 ≤ x < y ≤ 12), determine whether they belong to the same group. -----Constraints----- - x and y are int...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. N Snukes called Snuke 1, Snuke 2, ..., Snuke N live in a town. There are K kinds of snacks sold in this town, called Snack 1, Snack 2, ..., Snack K. The following d_i Snukes have Snack i: Snuke A_{i, 1}, A_{i, 2}, \cdots, A_{i, {d_i}}. Takahashi will wa...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Kuro is living in a country called Uberland, consisting of $n$ towns, numbered from $1$ to $n$, and $n - 1$ bidirectional roads connecting these towns. It is possible to reach each town from any other. Each road connects two towns $a$ and $b$. Kuro love...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Paul is at the orchestra. The string section is arranged in an r × c rectangular grid and is filled with violinists with the exception of n violists. Paul really likes violas, so he would like to take a picture including at least k of them. Paul can tak...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. B: Nakajima, let's do that! --Match Peas War - problem Nakajima "Uhh ..." Isono "Nakajima, are you okay?" Nakajima "... I feel like I was having an unpleasant dream." Isono "What kind of dream do you have?" Nakajima "Dream to play infinitely" Iso...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You will receive 3 points for solving this problem. Manao is designing the genetic code for a new type of algae to efficiently produce fuel. Specifically, Manao is focusing on a stretch of DNA that encodes one protein. The stretch of DNA is represented...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You are a programmer on the development team for new recording media. This recording medium can be randomly accessed for reading and erasing data. On the other hand, when writing data, access is always performed in order from the beginning, and only the...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. The number "zero" is called "love" (or "l'oeuf" to be precise, literally means "egg" in French), for example when denoting the zero score in a game of tennis. Aki is fond of numbers, especially those with trailing zeros. For example, the number $9200$...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Some number of chocolate pieces were prepared for a training camp. The camp had N participants and lasted for D days. The i-th participant (1 \leq i \leq N) ate one chocolate piece on each of the following days in the camp: the 1-st day, the (A_i + 1)-t...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. A: Information Search problem The posting list is a list in which there is a correspondence between the search term and the appearing document ID. For example * Hokkaido: 1, 2, 4, 9 * Sightseeing: 1, 3, 4, 7 And so on. From the above posting list...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Tavas is a strange creature. Usually "zzz" comes out of people's mouth while sleeping, but string s of length n comes out from Tavas' mouth instead. <image> Today Tavas fell asleep in Malekas' place. While he was sleeping, Malekas did a little process...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. There are $n$ monsters standing in a row numbered from $1$ to $n$. The $i$-th monster has $h_i$ health points (hp). You have your attack power equal to $a$ hp and your opponent has his attack power equal to $b$ hp. You and your opponent are fighting th...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Digits Are Not Just Characters Mr. Manuel Majorana Minore made a number of files with numbers in their names. He wants to have a list of the files, but the file listing command commonly used lists them in an order different from what he prefers, interp...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. This is a harder version of the problem with bigger constraints. Korney Korneevich dag up an array a of length n. Korney Korneevich has recently read about the operation [bitwise XOR](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitwise_operation#XOR), so he wished t...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. ```if-not:swift Write simple .camelCase method (`camel_case` function in PHP, `CamelCase` in C# or `camelCase` in Java) for strings. All words must have their first letter capitalized without spaces. ``` ```if:swift Write a simple `camelCase` function f...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You are given an array $a$ consisting of $n$ ($n \ge 3$) positive integers. It is known that in this array, all the numbers except one are the same (for example, in the array $[4, 11, 4, 4]$ all numbers except one are equal to $4$). Print the index of ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Fennec is fighting with N monsters. The health of the i-th monster is H_i. Fennec can do the following two actions: - Attack: Fennec chooses one monster. That monster's health will decrease by 1. - Special Move: Fennec chooses one monster. That monste...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Momiji has got a rooted tree, consisting of n nodes. The tree nodes are numbered by integers from 1 to n. The root has number 1. Momiji decided to play a game on this tree. The game consists of several steps. On each step, Momiji chooses one of the rem...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Vasya is sitting on an extremely boring math class. To have fun, he took a piece of paper and wrote out n numbers on a single line. After that, Vasya began to write out different ways to put pluses ("+") in the line between certain digits in the line so...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. The Free Meteor Association (FMA) has got a problem: as meteors are moving, the Universal Cosmic Descriptive Humorous Program (UCDHP) needs to add a special module that would analyze this movement. UCDHP stores some secret information about meteors as...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Let s be some string consisting of symbols "0" or "1". Let's call a string t a substring of string s, if there exists such number 1 ≤ l ≤ |s| - |t| + 1 that t = s_l s_{l+1} … s_{l + |t| - 1}. Let's call a substring t of string s unique, if there exist o...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Leonardo Fibonacci in a rare portrait of his younger days I assume you are all familiar with the famous Fibonacci sequence, having to get each number as the sum of the previous two (and typically starting with either `[0,1]` or `[1,1]` as the first num...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. "QAQ" is a word to denote an expression of crying. Imagine "Q" as eyes with tears and "A" as a mouth. Now Diamond has given Bort a string consisting of only uppercase English letters of length n. There is a great number of "QAQ" in the string (Diamond ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. PolandBall is a young, clever Ball. He is interested in prime numbers. He has stated a following hypothesis: "There exists such a positive integer n that for each positive integer m number n·m + 1 is a prime number". Unfortunately, PolandBall is not ex...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. The nth triangular number is defined as the sum of the first n positive integers. The nth tetrahedral number is defined as the sum of the first n triangular numbers. It is easy to show that the nth tetrahedral number is equal to n(n+1)(n+2) ⁄ 6. For exa...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Vova is again playing some computer game, now an RPG. In the game Vova's character received a quest: to slay the fearsome monster called Modcrab. After two hours of playing the game Vova has tracked the monster and analyzed its tactics. The Modcrab has...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. $n$ fishermen have just returned from a fishing vacation. The $i$-th fisherman has caught a fish of weight $a_i$. Fishermen are going to show off the fish they caught to each other. To do so, they firstly choose an order in which they show their fish (...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Polycarp has three sisters: Alice, Barbara, and Cerene. They're collecting coins. Currently, Alice has $a$ coins, Barbara has $b$ coins and Cerene has $c$ coins. Recently Polycarp has returned from the trip around the world and brought $n$ coins. He wa...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You are playing a computer game, where you lead a party of $m$ soldiers. Each soldier is characterised by his agility $a_i$. The level you are trying to get through can be represented as a straight line segment from point $0$ (where you and your squad ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. There are $n$ dormitories in Berland State University, they are numbered with integers from $1$ to $n$. Each dormitory consists of rooms, there are $a_i$ rooms in $i$-th dormitory. The rooms in $i$-th dormitory are numbered from $1$ to $a_i$. A postman...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. This night wasn't easy on Vasya. His favorite team lost, and he didn't find himself victorious either — although he played perfectly, his teammates let him down every time. He had to win at least one more time, but the losestreak only grew longer and lo...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. This time around, Baby Ehab will play with permutations. He has $n$ cubes arranged in a row, with numbers from $1$ to $n$ written on them. He'll make exactly $j$ operations. In each operation, he'll pick up $2$ cubes and switch their positions. He's wo...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Kenkoooo is planning a trip in Republic of Snuke. In this country, there are n cities and m trains running. The cities are numbered 1 through n, and the i-th train connects City u_i and v_i bidirectionally. Any city can be reached from any city by chang...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Ghosts live in harmony and peace, they travel the space without any purpose other than scare whoever stands in their way. There are $n$ ghosts in the universe, they move in the $OXY$ plane, each one of them has its own velocity that does not change in ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. "Balloons should be captured efficiently", the game designer says. He is designing an oldfashioned game with two dimensional graphics. In the game, balloons fall onto the ground one after another, and the player manipulates a robot vehicle on the ground...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Alica and Bob are playing a game. Initially they have a binary string $s$ consisting of only characters 0 and 1. Alice and Bob make alternating moves: Alice makes the first move, Bob makes the second move, Alice makes the third one, and so on. During ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Introduction to Disjunctions In logic and mathematics, a disjunction is an operation on 2 or more propositions. A disjunction is true if and only if 1 or more of its operands is true. In programming, we typically denote a disjunction using "||", but i...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. problem To the west of the Australian continent is the wide Indian Ocean. Marine researcher JOI is studying the properties of N species of fish in the Indian Ocean. For each type of fish, a rectangular parallelepiped habitat range is determined in the...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Toad Ivan has $m$ pairs of integers, each integer is between $1$ and $n$, inclusive. The pairs are $(a_1, b_1), (a_2, b_2), \ldots, (a_m, b_m)$. He asks you to check if there exist two integers $x$ and $y$ ($1 \leq x < y \leq n$) such that in each giv...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You are given $n$ strings. Each string consists of lowercase English letters. Rearrange (reorder) the given strings in such a way that for every string, all strings that are placed before it are its substrings. String $a$ is a substring of string $b$ i...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. It is Professor R's last class of his teaching career. Every time Professor R taught a class, he gave a special problem for the students to solve. You being his favourite student, put your heart into solving it one last time. You are given two polynomi...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Mishka wants to buy some food in the nearby shop. Initially, he has $s$ burles on his card. Mishka can perform the following operation any number of times (possibly, zero): choose some positive integer number $1 \le x \le s$, buy food that costs exact...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. There are n water tanks in a row, i-th of them contains a_i liters of water. The tanks are numbered from 1 to n from left to right. You can perform the following operation: choose some subsegment [l, r] (1≤ l ≤ r ≤ n), and redistribute water in tanks l...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Given a lowercase Latin character (letter), check if it appears in the string ${codeforces}$. -----Input----- The first line of the input contains an integer $t$ ($1 \leq t \leq 26$) — the number of test cases. The only line of each test case contai...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. The Bitlandians are quite weird people. They have very peculiar customs. As is customary, Uncle J. wants to have n eggs painted for Bitruz (an ancient Bitland festival). He has asked G. and A. to do the work. The kids are excited because just as is cu...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. # Task Your task is to write a function for calculating the score of a 10 pin bowling game. The input for the function is a list of pins knocked down per roll for one player. Output is the player's total score. # Rules ## General rules Rules of bowli...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. # Story Due to lack of maintenance the minute-hand has fallen off Town Hall clock face. And because the local council has lost most of our tax money to a Nigerian email scam there are no funds to fix the clock properly. Instead, they are asking for ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You are given a permutation $p_1, p_2, \dots, p_n$. Recall that sequence of $n$ integers is called a permutation if it contains all integers from $1$ to $n$ exactly once. Find three indices $i$, $j$ and $k$ such that: $1 \le i < j < k \le n$; $p_i <...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. There are N balls placed in a row. AtCoDeer the deer is painting each of these in one of the K colors of his paint cans. For aesthetic reasons, any two adjacent balls must be painted in different colors. Find the number of the possible ways to paint the...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Write a function that rearranges an integer into its largest possible value. ```python super_size(123456) # 654321 super_size(105) # 510 super_size(12) # 21 ``` ``` haskell superSize 123456 `shouldBe` 654321 superSize 105 `shouldBe` 510 s...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Hint * One grid may be filled more than once * Even if it can be represented by one line segment such as '1', it may be represented by two or more line segments. Sample Input 1 Formula for Sample Input 1. Sample Input 2 Sample Input 2 formula. Anot...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. There are N towers in the town where Ikta lives. Each tower is given a different number from 0 to N-1, and the tower with number i is called tower i. Curious Ikta was interested in the height of the N towers and decided to make a table T showing the mag...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. $n$ students are taking an exam. The highest possible score at this exam is $m$. Let $a_{i}$ be the score of the $i$-th student. You have access to the school database which stores the results of all students. You can change each student's score as lon...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You have an award-winning garden and everyday the plants need exactly 40mm of water. You created a great piece of JavaScript to calculate the amount of water your plants will need when you have taken into consideration the amount of rain water that is f...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. We have a string S of length N consisting of R, G, and B. Find the number of triples (i,~j,~k)~(1 \leq i < j < k \leq N) that satisfy both of the following conditions: - S_i \neq S_j, S_i \neq S_k, and S_j \neq S_k. - j - i \neq k - j. -----Constrain...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Igor K. always used to trust his favorite Kashpirovsky Antivirus. That is why he didn't hesitate to download the link one of his groupmates sent him via QIP Infinium. The link was said to contain "some real funny stuff about swine influenza". The antivi...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You are given a sequence a consisting of n integers. You may partition this sequence into two sequences b and c in such a way that every element belongs exactly to one of these sequences. Let B be the sum of elements belonging to b, and C be the sum o...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. There are n students living in the campus. Every morning all students wake up at the same time and go to wash. There are m rooms with wash basins. The i-th of these rooms contains ai wash basins. Every student independently select one the rooms with equ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Do the following for a four-digit number N consisting of numbers 0-9. 1. Let L be the number obtained as a result of arranging the numerical values ​​of each of the N digits in descending order. 2. Let S be the number obtained as a result of arranging ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Gena loves sequences of numbers. Recently, he has discovered a new type of sequences which he called an almost arithmetical progression. A sequence is an almost arithmetical progression, if its elements can be represented as: * a1 = p, where p is som...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. The T9 typing predictor helps with suggestions for possible word combinations on an old-style numeric keypad phone. Each digit in the keypad (2-9) represents a group of 3-4 letters. To type a letter, press once the key which corresponds to the letter gr...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Ilya is working for the company that constructs robots. Ilya writes programs for entertainment robots, and his current project is "Bob", a new-generation game robot. Ilya's boss wants to know his progress so far. Especially he is interested if Bob is be...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. The map of Bertown can be represented as a set of n intersections, numbered from 1 to n and connected by m one-way roads. It is possible to move along the roads from any intersection to any other intersection. The length of some path from one intersecti...