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.venv/bin/Activate.ps1

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+<#
+.Synopsis
+Activate a Python virtual environment for the current PowerShell session.
+
+.Description
+Pushes the python executable for a virtual environment to the front of the
+$Env:PATH environment variable and sets the prompt to signify that you are
+in a Python virtual environment. Makes use of the command line switches as
+well as the `pyvenv.cfg` file values present in the virtual environment.
+
+.Parameter VenvDir
+Path to the directory that contains the virtual environment to activate. The
+default value for this is the parent of the directory that the Activate.ps1
+script is located within.
+
+.Parameter Prompt
+The prompt prefix to display when this virtual environment is activated. By
+default, this prompt is the name of the virtual environment folder (VenvDir)
+surrounded by parentheses and followed by a single space (ie. '(.venv) ').
+
+.Example
+Activate.ps1
+Activates the Python virtual environment that contains the Activate.ps1 script.
+
+.Example
+Activate.ps1 -Verbose
+Activates the Python virtual environment that contains the Activate.ps1 script,
+and shows extra information about the activation as it executes.
+
+.Example
+Activate.ps1 -VenvDir C:\Users\MyUser\Common\.venv
+Activates the Python virtual environment located in the specified location.
+
+.Example
+Activate.ps1 -Prompt "MyPython"
+Activates the Python virtual environment that contains the Activate.ps1 script,
+and prefixes the current prompt with the specified string (surrounded in
+parentheses) while the virtual environment is active.
+
+.Notes
+On Windows, it may be required to enable this Activate.ps1 script by setting the
+execution policy for the user. You can do this by issuing the following PowerShell
+command:
+
+PS C:\> Set-ExecutionPolicy -ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned -Scope CurrentUser
+
+For more information on Execution Policies: 
+https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=135170
+
+#>
+Param(
+    [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)]
+    [String]
+    $VenvDir,
+    [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)]
+    [String]
+    $Prompt
+)
+
+<# Function declarations --------------------------------------------------- #>
+
+<#
+.Synopsis
+Remove all shell session elements added by the Activate script, including the
+addition of the virtual environment's Python executable from the beginning of
+the PATH variable.
+
+.Parameter NonDestructive
+If present, do not remove this function from the global namespace for the
+session.
+
+#>
+function global:deactivate ([switch]$NonDestructive) {
+    # Revert to original values
+
+    # The prior prompt:
+    if (Test-Path -Path Function:_OLD_VIRTUAL_PROMPT) {
+        Copy-Item -Path Function:_OLD_VIRTUAL_PROMPT -Destination Function:prompt
+        Remove-Item -Path Function:_OLD_VIRTUAL_PROMPT
+    }
+
+    # The prior PYTHONHOME:
+    if (Test-Path -Path Env:_OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME) {
+        Copy-Item -Path Env:_OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME -Destination Env:PYTHONHOME
+        Remove-Item -Path Env:_OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME
+    }
+
+    # The prior PATH:
+    if (Test-Path -Path Env:_OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH) {
+        Copy-Item -Path Env:_OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH -Destination Env:PATH
+        Remove-Item -Path Env:_OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH
+    }
+
+    # Just remove the VIRTUAL_ENV altogether:
+    if (Test-Path -Path Env:VIRTUAL_ENV) {
+        Remove-Item -Path env:VIRTUAL_ENV
+    }
+
+    # Just remove VIRTUAL_ENV_PROMPT altogether.
+    if (Test-Path -Path Env:VIRTUAL_ENV_PROMPT) {
+        Remove-Item -Path env:VIRTUAL_ENV_PROMPT
+    }
+
+    # Just remove the _PYTHON_VENV_PROMPT_PREFIX altogether:
+    if (Get-Variable -Name "_PYTHON_VENV_PROMPT_PREFIX" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) {
+        Remove-Variable -Name _PYTHON_VENV_PROMPT_PREFIX -Scope Global -Force
+    }
+
+    # Leave deactivate function in the global namespace if requested:
+    if (-not $NonDestructive) {
+        Remove-Item -Path function:deactivate
+    }
+}
+
+<#
+.Description
+Get-PyVenvConfig parses the values from the pyvenv.cfg file located in the
+given folder, and returns them in a map.
+
+For each line in the pyvenv.cfg file, if that line can be parsed into exactly
+two strings separated by `=` (with any amount of whitespace surrounding the =)
+then it is considered a `key = value` line. The left hand string is the key,
+the right hand is the value.
+
+If the value starts with a `'` or a `"` then the first and last character is
+stripped from the value before being captured.
+
+.Parameter ConfigDir
+Path to the directory that contains the `pyvenv.cfg` file.
+#>
+function Get-PyVenvConfig(
+    [String]
+    $ConfigDir
+) {
+    Write-Verbose "Given ConfigDir=$ConfigDir, obtain values in pyvenv.cfg"
+
+    # Ensure the file exists, and issue a warning if it doesn't (but still allow the function to continue).
+    $pyvenvConfigPath = Join-Path -Resolve -Path $ConfigDir -ChildPath 'pyvenv.cfg' -ErrorAction Continue
+
+    # An empty map will be returned if no config file is found.
+    $pyvenvConfig = @{ }
+
+    if ($pyvenvConfigPath) {
+
+        Write-Verbose "File exists, parse `key = value` lines"
+        $pyvenvConfigContent = Get-Content -Path $pyvenvConfigPath
+
+        $pyvenvConfigContent | ForEach-Object {
+            $keyval = $PSItem -split "\s*=\s*", 2
+            if ($keyval[0] -and $keyval[1]) {
+                $val = $keyval[1]
+
+                # Remove extraneous quotations around a string value.
+                if ("'""".Contains($val.Substring(0, 1))) {
+                    $val = $val.Substring(1, $val.Length - 2)
+                }
+
+                $pyvenvConfig[$keyval[0]] = $val
+                Write-Verbose "Adding Key: '$($keyval[0])'='$val'"
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return $pyvenvConfig
+}
+
+
+<# Begin Activate script --------------------------------------------------- #>
+
+# Determine the containing directory of this script
+$VenvExecPath = Split-Path -Parent $MyInvocation.MyCommand.Definition
+$VenvExecDir = Get-Item -Path $VenvExecPath
+
+Write-Verbose "Activation script is located in path: '$VenvExecPath'"
+Write-Verbose "VenvExecDir Fullname: '$($VenvExecDir.FullName)"
+Write-Verbose "VenvExecDir Name: '$($VenvExecDir.Name)"
+
+# Set values required in priority: CmdLine, ConfigFile, Default
+# First, get the location of the virtual environment, it might not be
+# VenvExecDir if specified on the command line.
+if ($VenvDir) {
+    Write-Verbose "VenvDir given as parameter, using '$VenvDir' to determine values"
+}
+else {
+    Write-Verbose "VenvDir not given as a parameter, using parent directory name as VenvDir."
+    $VenvDir = $VenvExecDir.Parent.FullName.TrimEnd("\\/")
+    Write-Verbose "VenvDir=$VenvDir"
+}
+
+# Next, read the `pyvenv.cfg` file to determine any required value such
+# as `prompt`.
+$pyvenvCfg = Get-PyVenvConfig -ConfigDir $VenvDir
+
+# Next, set the prompt from the command line, or the config file, or
+# just use the name of the virtual environment folder.
+if ($Prompt) {
+    Write-Verbose "Prompt specified as argument, using '$Prompt'"
+}
+else {
+    Write-Verbose "Prompt not specified as argument to script, checking pyvenv.cfg value"
+    if ($pyvenvCfg -and $pyvenvCfg['prompt']) {
+        Write-Verbose "  Setting based on value in pyvenv.cfg='$($pyvenvCfg['prompt'])'"
+        $Prompt = $pyvenvCfg['prompt'];
+    }
+    else {
+        Write-Verbose "  Setting prompt based on parent's directory's name. (Is the directory name passed to venv module when creating the virtual environment)"
+        Write-Verbose "  Got leaf-name of $VenvDir='$(Split-Path -Path $venvDir -Leaf)'"
+        $Prompt = Split-Path -Path $venvDir -Leaf
+    }
+}
+
+Write-Verbose "Prompt = '$Prompt'"
+Write-Verbose "VenvDir='$VenvDir'"
+
+# Deactivate any currently active virtual environment, but leave the
+# deactivate function in place.
+deactivate -nondestructive
+
+# Now set the environment variable VIRTUAL_ENV, used by many tools to determine
+# that there is an activated venv.
+$env:VIRTUAL_ENV = $VenvDir
+
+if (-not $Env:VIRTUAL_ENV_DISABLE_PROMPT) {
+
+    Write-Verbose "Setting prompt to '$Prompt'"
+
+    # Set the prompt to include the env name
+    # Make sure _OLD_VIRTUAL_PROMPT is global
+    function global:_OLD_VIRTUAL_PROMPT { "" }
+    Copy-Item -Path function:prompt -Destination function:_OLD_VIRTUAL_PROMPT
+    New-Variable -Name _PYTHON_VENV_PROMPT_PREFIX -Description "Python virtual environment prompt prefix" -Scope Global -Option ReadOnly -Visibility Public -Value $Prompt
+
+    function global:prompt {
+        Write-Host -NoNewline -ForegroundColor Green "($_PYTHON_VENV_PROMPT_PREFIX) "
+        _OLD_VIRTUAL_PROMPT
+    }
+    $env:VIRTUAL_ENV_PROMPT = $Prompt
+}
+
+# Clear PYTHONHOME
+if (Test-Path -Path Env:PYTHONHOME) {
+    Copy-Item -Path Env:PYTHONHOME -Destination Env:_OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME
+    Remove-Item -Path Env:PYTHONHOME
+}
+
+# Add the venv to the PATH
+Copy-Item -Path Env:PATH -Destination Env:_OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH
+$Env:PATH = "$VenvExecDir$([System.IO.Path]::PathSeparator)$Env:PATH"

.venv/bin/accelerate

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#!/workspace/musubi-tuner/.venv/bin/python
+import sys
+from accelerate.commands.accelerate_cli import main
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = sys.argv[0].removesuffix('.exe')
+    sys.exit(main())

.venv/bin/accelerate-config

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#!/workspace/musubi-tuner/.venv/bin/python
+import sys
+from accelerate.commands.config import main
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = sys.argv[0].removesuffix('.exe')
+    sys.exit(main())

.venv/bin/accelerate-estimate-memory

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#!/workspace/musubi-tuner/.venv/bin/python
+import sys
+from accelerate.commands.estimate import main
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = sys.argv[0].removesuffix('.exe')
+    sys.exit(main())

.venv/bin/accelerate-launch

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#!/workspace/musubi-tuner/.venv/bin/python
+import sys
+from accelerate.commands.launch import main
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = sys.argv[0].removesuffix('.exe')
+    sys.exit(main())

.venv/bin/accelerate-merge-weights

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#!/workspace/musubi-tuner/.venv/bin/python
+import sys
+from accelerate.commands.merge import main
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = sys.argv[0].removesuffix('.exe')
+    sys.exit(main())

.venv/bin/activate

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+# This file must be used with "source bin/activate" *from bash*
+# You cannot run it directly
+
+deactivate () {
+    # reset old environment variables
+    if [ -n "${_OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH:-}" ] ; then
+        PATH="${_OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH:-}"
+        export PATH
+        unset _OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH
+    fi
+    if [ -n "${_OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME:-}" ] ; then
+        PYTHONHOME="${_OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME:-}"
+        export PYTHONHOME
+        unset _OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME
+    fi
+
+    # Call hash to forget past locations. Without forgetting
+    # past locations the $PATH changes we made may not be respected.
+    # See "man bash" for more details. hash is usually a builtin of your shell
+    hash -r 2> /dev/null
+
+    if [ -n "${_OLD_VIRTUAL_PS1:-}" ] ; then
+        PS1="${_OLD_VIRTUAL_PS1:-}"
+        export PS1
+        unset _OLD_VIRTUAL_PS1
+    fi
+
+    unset VIRTUAL_ENV
+    unset VIRTUAL_ENV_PROMPT
+    if [ ! "${1:-}" = "nondestructive" ] ; then
+    # Self destruct!
+        unset -f deactivate
+    fi
+}
+
+# unset irrelevant variables
+deactivate nondestructive
+
+# on Windows, a path can contain colons and backslashes and has to be converted:
+case "$(uname)" in
+    CYGWIN*|MSYS*|MINGW*)
+        # transform D:\path\to\venv to /d/path/to/venv on MSYS and MINGW
+        # and to /cygdrive/d/path/to/venv on Cygwin
+        VIRTUAL_ENV=$(cygpath /workspace/musubi-tuner/.venv)
+        export VIRTUAL_ENV
+        ;;
+    *)
+        # use the path as-is
+        export VIRTUAL_ENV=/workspace/musubi-tuner/.venv
+        ;;
+esac
+
+_OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH="$PATH"
+PATH="$VIRTUAL_ENV/"bin":$PATH"
+export PATH
+
+VIRTUAL_ENV_PROMPT='(.venv) '
+export VIRTUAL_ENV_PROMPT
+
+# unset PYTHONHOME if set
+# this will fail if PYTHONHOME is set to the empty string (which is bad anyway)
+# could use `if (set -u; : $PYTHONHOME) ;` in bash
+if [ -n "${PYTHONHOME:-}" ] ; then
+    _OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME="${PYTHONHOME:-}"
+    unset PYTHONHOME
+fi
+
+if [ -z "${VIRTUAL_ENV_DISABLE_PROMPT:-}" ] ; then
+    _OLD_VIRTUAL_PS1="${PS1:-}"
+    PS1="("'(.venv) '") ${PS1:-}"
+    export PS1
+fi
+
+# Call hash to forget past commands. Without forgetting
+# past commands the $PATH changes we made may not be respected
+hash -r 2> /dev/null

.venv/bin/diffusers-cli

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#!/workspace/musubi-tuner/.venv/bin/python
+import sys
+from diffusers.commands.diffusers_cli import main
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = sys.argv[0].removesuffix('.exe')
+    sys.exit(main())

.venv/bin/f2py

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#!/workspace/musubi-tuner/.venv/bin/python
+import sys
+from numpy.f2py.f2py2e import main
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = sys.argv[0].removesuffix('.exe')
+    sys.exit(main())

.venv/bin/fonttools

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#!/workspace/musubi-tuner/.venv/bin/python
+import sys
+from fontTools.__main__ import main
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = sys.argv[0].removesuffix('.exe')
+    sys.exit(main())

.venv/bin/ftfy

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#!/workspace/musubi-tuner/.venv/bin/python
+import sys
+from ftfy.cli import main
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = sys.argv[0].removesuffix('.exe')
+    sys.exit(main())

.venv/bin/hf

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#!/workspace/musubi-tuner/.venv/bin/python
+import sys
+from huggingface_hub.cli.hf import main
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = sys.argv[0].removesuffix('.exe')
+    sys.exit(main())

.venv/bin/huggingface-cli

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#!/workspace/musubi-tuner/.venv/bin/python
+import sys
+from huggingface_hub.commands.huggingface_cli import main
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = sys.argv[0].removesuffix('.exe')
+    sys.exit(main())

.venv/bin/isympy

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#!/workspace/musubi-tuner/.venv/bin/python
+import sys
+from isympy import main
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = sys.argv[0].removesuffix('.exe')
+    sys.exit(main())

.venv/bin/markdown_py

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#!/workspace/musubi-tuner/.venv/bin/python
+import sys
+from markdown.__main__ import run
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = sys.argv[0].removesuffix('.exe')
+    sys.exit(run())

.venv/bin/normalizer

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#!/workspace/musubi-tuner/.venv/bin/python
+import sys
+from charset_normalizer.cli import cli_detect
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = sys.argv[0].removesuffix('.exe')
+    sys.exit(cli_detect())

.venv/bin/numpy-config

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#!/workspace/musubi-tuner/.venv/bin/python
+import sys
+from numpy._configtool import main
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = sys.argv[0].removesuffix('.exe')
+    sys.exit(main())

.venv/bin/pip3.12

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#!/workspace/musubi-tuner/.venv/bin/python
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+import re
+import sys
+from pip._internal.cli.main import main
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
+    sys.exit(main())

.venv/bin/proton

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#!/workspace/musubi-tuner/.venv/bin/python
+import sys
+from triton.profiler.proton import main
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = sys.argv[0].removesuffix('.exe')
+    sys.exit(main())

.venv/bin/proton-viewer

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#!/workspace/musubi-tuner/.venv/bin/python
+import sys
+from triton.profiler.viewer import main
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = sys.argv[0].removesuffix('.exe')
+    sys.exit(main())

.venv/bin/pyav

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#!/workspace/musubi-tuner/.venv/bin/python
+import sys
+from av.__main__ import main
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = sys.argv[0].removesuffix('.exe')
+    sys.exit(main())

.venv/bin/pyftmerge

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#!/workspace/musubi-tuner/.venv/bin/python
+import sys
+from fontTools.merge import main
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = sys.argv[0].removesuffix('.exe')
+    sys.exit(main())

.venv/bin/pyftsubset

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#!/workspace/musubi-tuner/.venv/bin/python
+import sys
+from fontTools.subset import main
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = sys.argv[0].removesuffix('.exe')
+    sys.exit(main())

.venv/bin/tensorboard

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#!/workspace/musubi-tuner/.venv/bin/python
+import sys
+from tensorboard.main import run_main
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = sys.argv[0].removesuffix('.exe')
+    sys.exit(run_main())

.venv/bin/tiny-agents

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#!/workspace/musubi-tuner/.venv/bin/python
+import sys
+from huggingface_hub.inference._mcp.cli import app
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = sys.argv[0].removesuffix('.exe')
+    sys.exit(app())

.venv/bin/torchfrtrace

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#!/workspace/musubi-tuner/.venv/bin/python
+import sys
+from tools.flight_recorder.fr_trace import main
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = sys.argv[0].removesuffix('.exe')
+    sys.exit(main())

.venv/bin/torchrun

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#!/workspace/musubi-tuner/.venv/bin/python
+import sys
+from torch.distributed.run import main
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = sys.argv[0].removesuffix('.exe')
+    sys.exit(main())

.venv/bin/tqdm

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#!/workspace/musubi-tuner/.venv/bin/python
+import sys
+from tqdm.cli import main
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = sys.argv[0].removesuffix('.exe')
+    sys.exit(main())

.venv/bin/transformers

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#!/workspace/musubi-tuner/.venv/bin/python
+import sys
+from transformers.commands.transformers_cli import main
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = sys.argv[0].removesuffix('.exe')
+    sys.exit(main())

.venv/bin/transformers-cli

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#!/workspace/musubi-tuner/.venv/bin/python
+import sys
+from transformers.commands.transformers_cli import main_cli
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = sys.argv[0].removesuffix('.exe')
+    sys.exit(main_cli())

.venv/bin/ttx

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#!/workspace/musubi-tuner/.venv/bin/python
+import sys
+from fontTools.ttx import main
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = sys.argv[0].removesuffix('.exe')
+    sys.exit(main())

.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/MarkupSafe-3.0.2.dist-info/LICENSE.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+Copyright 2010 Pallets
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+met:
+
+1.  Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+
+2.  Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+3.  Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its
+    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+    this software without specific prior written permission.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
+PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
+TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
+PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
+NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
+SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/MarkupSafe-3.0.2.dist-info/METADATA

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: MarkupSafe
+Version: 3.0.2
+Summary: Safely add untrusted strings to HTML/XML markup.
+Maintainer-email: Pallets <contact@palletsprojects.com>
+License: Copyright 2010 Pallets
+        
+        Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+        modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+        met:
+        
+        1.  Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+            notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+        
+        2.  Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+            notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+            documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+        
+        3.  Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its
+            contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+            this software without specific prior written permission.
+        
+        THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+        "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+        LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
+        PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+        HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+        SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
+        TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
+        PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
+        LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
+        NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
+        SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+        
+Project-URL: Donate, https://palletsprojects.com/donate
+Project-URL: Documentation, https://markupsafe.palletsprojects.com/
+Project-URL: Changes, https://markupsafe.palletsprojects.com/changes/
+Project-URL: Source, https://github.com/pallets/markupsafe/
+Project-URL: Chat, https://discord.gg/pallets
+Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
+Classifier: Environment :: Web Environment
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: BSD License
+Classifier: Operating System :: OS Independent
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python
+Classifier: Topic :: Internet :: WWW/HTTP :: Dynamic Content
+Classifier: Topic :: Text Processing :: Markup :: HTML
+Classifier: Typing :: Typed
+Requires-Python: >=3.9
+Description-Content-Type: text/markdown
+License-File: LICENSE.txt
+
+# MarkupSafe
+
+MarkupSafe implements a text object that escapes characters so it is
+safe to use in HTML and XML. Characters that have special meanings are
+replaced so that they display as the actual characters. This mitigates
+injection attacks, meaning untrusted user input can safely be displayed
+on a page.
+
+
+## Examples
+
+```pycon
+>>> from markupsafe import Markup, escape
+
+>>> # escape replaces special characters and wraps in Markup
+>>> escape("<script>alert(document.cookie);</script>")
+Markup('&lt;script&gt;alert(document.cookie);&lt;/script&gt;')
+
+>>> # wrap in Markup to mark text "safe" and prevent escaping
+>>> Markup("<strong>Hello</strong>")
+Markup('<strong>hello</strong>')
+
+>>> escape(Markup("<strong>Hello</strong>"))
+Markup('<strong>hello</strong>')
+
+>>> # Markup is a str subclass
+>>> # methods and operators escape their arguments
+>>> template = Markup("Hello <em>{name}</em>")
+>>> template.format(name='"World"')
+Markup('Hello <em>&#34;World&#34;</em>')
+```
+
+## Donate
+
+The Pallets organization develops and supports MarkupSafe and other
+popular packages. In order to grow the community of contributors and
+users, and allow the maintainers to devote more time to the projects,
+[please donate today][].
+
+[please donate today]: https://palletsprojects.com/donate

.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/PIL/CurImagePlugin.py

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+#
+# The Python Imaging Library.
+# $Id$
+#
+# Windows Cursor support for PIL
+#
+# notes:
+#       uses BmpImagePlugin.py to read the bitmap data.
+#
+# history:
+#       96-05-27 fl     Created
+#
+# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 1997.
+# Copyright (c) Fredrik Lundh 1996.
+#
+# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
+#
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from . import BmpImagePlugin, Image
+from ._binary import i16le as i16
+from ._binary import i32le as i32
+
+#
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def _accept(prefix: bytes) -> bool:
+    return prefix.startswith(b"\0\0\2\0")
+
+
+##
+# Image plugin for Windows Cursor files.
+
+
+class CurImageFile(BmpImagePlugin.BmpImageFile):
+    format = "CUR"
+    format_description = "Windows Cursor"
+
+    def _open(self) -> None:
+        assert self.fp is not None
+        offset = self.fp.tell()
+
+        # check magic
+        s = self.fp.read(6)
+        if not _accept(s):
+            msg = "not a CUR file"
+            raise SyntaxError(msg)
+
+        # pick the largest cursor in the file
+        m = b""
+        for i in range(i16(s, 4)):
+            s = self.fp.read(16)
+            if not m:
+                m = s
+            elif s[0] > m[0] and s[1] > m[1]:
+                m = s
+        if not m:
+            msg = "No cursors were found"
+            raise TypeError(msg)
+
+        # load as bitmap
+        self._bitmap(i32(m, 12) + offset)
+
+        # patch up the bitmap height
+        self._size = self.size[0], self.size[1] // 2
+        self.tile = [self.tile[0]._replace(extents=(0, 0) + self.size)]
+
+
+#
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Image.register_open(CurImageFile.format, CurImageFile, _accept)
+
+Image.register_extension(CurImageFile.format, ".cur")

.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/PIL/DdsImagePlugin.py

@@ -0,0 +1,624 @@
+"""
+A Pillow plugin for .dds files (S3TC-compressed aka DXTC)
+Jerome Leclanche <jerome@leclan.ch>
+
+Documentation:
+https://web.archive.org/web/20170802060935/http://oss.sgi.com/projects/ogl-sample/registry/EXT/texture_compression_s3tc.txt
+
+The contents of this file are hereby released in the public domain (CC0)
+Full text of the CC0 license:
+https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import io
+import struct
+import sys
+from enum import IntEnum, IntFlag
+from typing import IO
+
+from . import Image, ImageFile, ImagePalette
+from ._binary import i32le as i32
+from ._binary import o8
+from ._binary import o32le as o32
+
+# Magic ("DDS ")
+DDS_MAGIC = 0x20534444
+
+
+# DDS flags
+class DDSD(IntFlag):
+    CAPS = 0x1
+    HEIGHT = 0x2
+    WIDTH = 0x4
+    PITCH = 0x8
+    PIXELFORMAT = 0x1000
+    MIPMAPCOUNT = 0x20000
+    LINEARSIZE = 0x80000
+    DEPTH = 0x800000
+
+
+# DDS caps
+class DDSCAPS(IntFlag):
+    COMPLEX = 0x8
+    TEXTURE = 0x1000
+    MIPMAP = 0x400000
+
+
+class DDSCAPS2(IntFlag):
+    CUBEMAP = 0x200
+    CUBEMAP_POSITIVEX = 0x400
+    CUBEMAP_NEGATIVEX = 0x800
+    CUBEMAP_POSITIVEY = 0x1000
+    CUBEMAP_NEGATIVEY = 0x2000
+    CUBEMAP_POSITIVEZ = 0x4000
+    CUBEMAP_NEGATIVEZ = 0x8000
+    VOLUME = 0x200000
+
+
+# Pixel Format
+class DDPF(IntFlag):
+    ALPHAPIXELS = 0x1
+    ALPHA = 0x2
+    FOURCC = 0x4
+    PALETTEINDEXED8 = 0x20
+    RGB = 0x40
+    LUMINANCE = 0x20000
+
+
+# dxgiformat.h
+class DXGI_FORMAT(IntEnum):
+    UNKNOWN = 0
+    R32G32B32A32_TYPELESS = 1
+    R32G32B32A32_FLOAT = 2
+    R32G32B32A32_UINT = 3
+    R32G32B32A32_SINT = 4
+    R32G32B32_TYPELESS = 5
+    R32G32B32_FLOAT = 6
+    R32G32B32_UINT = 7
+    R32G32B32_SINT = 8
+    R16G16B16A16_TYPELESS = 9
+    R16G16B16A16_FLOAT = 10
+    R16G16B16A16_UNORM = 11
+    R16G16B16A16_UINT = 12
+    R16G16B16A16_SNORM = 13
+    R16G16B16A16_SINT = 14
+    R32G32_TYPELESS = 15
+    R32G32_FLOAT = 16
+    R32G32_UINT = 17
+    R32G32_SINT = 18
+    R32G8X24_TYPELESS = 19
+    D32_FLOAT_S8X24_UINT = 20
+    R32_FLOAT_X8X24_TYPELESS = 21
+    X32_TYPELESS_G8X24_UINT = 22
+    R10G10B10A2_TYPELESS = 23
+    R10G10B10A2_UNORM = 24
+    R10G10B10A2_UINT = 25
+    R11G11B10_FLOAT = 26
+    R8G8B8A8_TYPELESS = 27
+    R8G8B8A8_UNORM = 28
+    R8G8B8A8_UNORM_SRGB = 29
+    R8G8B8A8_UINT = 30
+    R8G8B8A8_SNORM = 31
+    R8G8B8A8_SINT = 32
+    R16G16_TYPELESS = 33
+    R16G16_FLOAT = 34
+    R16G16_UNORM = 35
+    R16G16_UINT = 36
+    R16G16_SNORM = 37
+    R16G16_SINT = 38
+    R32_TYPELESS = 39
+    D32_FLOAT = 40
+    R32_FLOAT = 41
+    R32_UINT = 42
+    R32_SINT = 43
+    R24G8_TYPELESS = 44
+    D24_UNORM_S8_UINT = 45
+    R24_UNORM_X8_TYPELESS = 46
+    X24_TYPELESS_G8_UINT = 47
+    R8G8_TYPELESS = 48
+    R8G8_UNORM = 49
+    R8G8_UINT = 50
+    R8G8_SNORM = 51
+    R8G8_SINT = 52
+    R16_TYPELESS = 53
+    R16_FLOAT = 54
+    D16_UNORM = 55
+    R16_UNORM = 56
+    R16_UINT = 57
+    R16_SNORM = 58
+    R16_SINT = 59
+    R8_TYPELESS = 60
+    R8_UNORM = 61
+    R8_UINT = 62
+    R8_SNORM = 63
+    R8_SINT = 64
+    A8_UNORM = 65
+    R1_UNORM = 66
+    R9G9B9E5_SHAREDEXP = 67
+    R8G8_B8G8_UNORM = 68
+    G8R8_G8B8_UNORM = 69
+    BC1_TYPELESS = 70
+    BC1_UNORM = 71
+    BC1_UNORM_SRGB = 72
+    BC2_TYPELESS = 73
+    BC2_UNORM = 74
+    BC2_UNORM_SRGB = 75
+    BC3_TYPELESS = 76
+    BC3_UNORM = 77
+    BC3_UNORM_SRGB = 78
+    BC4_TYPELESS = 79
+    BC4_UNORM = 80
+    BC4_SNORM = 81
+    BC5_TYPELESS = 82
+    BC5_UNORM = 83
+    BC5_SNORM = 84
+    B5G6R5_UNORM = 85
+    B5G5R5A1_UNORM = 86
+    B8G8R8A8_UNORM = 87
+    B8G8R8X8_UNORM = 88
+    R10G10B10_XR_BIAS_A2_UNORM = 89
+    B8G8R8A8_TYPELESS = 90
+    B8G8R8A8_UNORM_SRGB = 91
+    B8G8R8X8_TYPELESS = 92
+    B8G8R8X8_UNORM_SRGB = 93
+    BC6H_TYPELESS = 94
+    BC6H_UF16 = 95
+    BC6H_SF16 = 96
+    BC7_TYPELESS = 97
+    BC7_UNORM = 98
+    BC7_UNORM_SRGB = 99
+    AYUV = 100
+    Y410 = 101
+    Y416 = 102
+    NV12 = 103
+    P010 = 104
+    P016 = 105
+    OPAQUE_420 = 106
+    YUY2 = 107
+    Y210 = 108
+    Y216 = 109
+    NV11 = 110
+    AI44 = 111
+    IA44 = 112
+    P8 = 113
+    A8P8 = 114
+    B4G4R4A4_UNORM = 115
+    P208 = 130
+    V208 = 131
+    V408 = 132
+    SAMPLER_FEEDBACK_MIN_MIP_OPAQUE = 189
+    SAMPLER_FEEDBACK_MIP_REGION_USED_OPAQUE = 190
+
+
+class D3DFMT(IntEnum):
+    UNKNOWN = 0
+    R8G8B8 = 20
+    A8R8G8B8 = 21
+    X8R8G8B8 = 22
+    R5G6B5 = 23
+    X1R5G5B5 = 24
+    A1R5G5B5 = 25
+    A4R4G4B4 = 26
+    R3G3B2 = 27
+    A8 = 28
+    A8R3G3B2 = 29
+    X4R4G4B4 = 30
+    A2B10G10R10 = 31
+    A8B8G8R8 = 32
+    X8B8G8R8 = 33
+    G16R16 = 34
+    A2R10G10B10 = 35
+    A16B16G16R16 = 36
+    A8P8 = 40
+    P8 = 41
+    L8 = 50
+    A8L8 = 51
+    A4L4 = 52
+    V8U8 = 60
+    L6V5U5 = 61
+    X8L8V8U8 = 62
+    Q8W8V8U8 = 63
+    V16U16 = 64
+    A2W10V10U10 = 67
+    D16_LOCKABLE = 70
+    D32 = 71
+    D15S1 = 73
+    D24S8 = 75
+    D24X8 = 77
+    D24X4S4 = 79
+    D16 = 80
+    D32F_LOCKABLE = 82
+    D24FS8 = 83
+    D32_LOCKABLE = 84
+    S8_LOCKABLE = 85
+    L16 = 81
+    VERTEXDATA = 100
+    INDEX16 = 101
+    INDEX32 = 102
+    Q16W16V16U16 = 110
+    R16F = 111
+    G16R16F = 112
+    A16B16G16R16F = 113
+    R32F = 114
+    G32R32F = 115
+    A32B32G32R32F = 116
+    CxV8U8 = 117
+    A1 = 118
+    A2B10G10R10_XR_BIAS = 119
+    BINARYBUFFER = 199
+
+    UYVY = i32(b"UYVY")
+    R8G8_B8G8 = i32(b"RGBG")
+    YUY2 = i32(b"YUY2")
+    G8R8_G8B8 = i32(b"GRGB")
+    DXT1 = i32(b"DXT1")
+    DXT2 = i32(b"DXT2")
+    DXT3 = i32(b"DXT3")
+    DXT4 = i32(b"DXT4")
+    DXT5 = i32(b"DXT5")
+    DX10 = i32(b"DX10")
+    BC4S = i32(b"BC4S")
+    BC4U = i32(b"BC4U")
+    BC5S = i32(b"BC5S")
+    BC5U = i32(b"BC5U")
+    ATI1 = i32(b"ATI1")
+    ATI2 = i32(b"ATI2")
+    MULTI2_ARGB8 = i32(b"MET1")
+
+
+# Backward compatibility layer
+module = sys.modules[__name__]
+for item in DDSD:
+    assert item.name is not None
+    setattr(module, f"DDSD_{item.name}", item.value)
+for item1 in DDSCAPS:
+    assert item1.name is not None
+    setattr(module, f"DDSCAPS_{item1.name}", item1.value)
+for item2 in DDSCAPS2:
+    assert item2.name is not None
+    setattr(module, f"DDSCAPS2_{item2.name}", item2.value)
+for item3 in DDPF:
+    assert item3.name is not None
+    setattr(module, f"DDPF_{item3.name}", item3.value)
+
+DDS_FOURCC = DDPF.FOURCC
+DDS_RGB = DDPF.RGB
+DDS_RGBA = DDPF.RGB | DDPF.ALPHAPIXELS
+DDS_LUMINANCE = DDPF.LUMINANCE
+DDS_LUMINANCEA = DDPF.LUMINANCE | DDPF.ALPHAPIXELS
+DDS_ALPHA = DDPF.ALPHA
+DDS_PAL8 = DDPF.PALETTEINDEXED8
+
+DDS_HEADER_FLAGS_TEXTURE = DDSD.CAPS | DDSD.HEIGHT | DDSD.WIDTH | DDSD.PIXELFORMAT
+DDS_HEADER_FLAGS_MIPMAP = DDSD.MIPMAPCOUNT
+DDS_HEADER_FLAGS_VOLUME = DDSD.DEPTH
+DDS_HEADER_FLAGS_PITCH = DDSD.PITCH
+DDS_HEADER_FLAGS_LINEARSIZE = DDSD.LINEARSIZE
+
+DDS_HEIGHT = DDSD.HEIGHT
+DDS_WIDTH = DDSD.WIDTH
+
+DDS_SURFACE_FLAGS_TEXTURE = DDSCAPS.TEXTURE
+DDS_SURFACE_FLAGS_MIPMAP = DDSCAPS.COMPLEX | DDSCAPS.MIPMAP
+DDS_SURFACE_FLAGS_CUBEMAP = DDSCAPS.COMPLEX
+
+DDS_CUBEMAP_POSITIVEX = DDSCAPS2.CUBEMAP | DDSCAPS2.CUBEMAP_POSITIVEX
+DDS_CUBEMAP_NEGATIVEX = DDSCAPS2.CUBEMAP | DDSCAPS2.CUBEMAP_NEGATIVEX
+DDS_CUBEMAP_POSITIVEY = DDSCAPS2.CUBEMAP | DDSCAPS2.CUBEMAP_POSITIVEY
+DDS_CUBEMAP_NEGATIVEY = DDSCAPS2.CUBEMAP | DDSCAPS2.CUBEMAP_NEGATIVEY
+DDS_CUBEMAP_POSITIVEZ = DDSCAPS2.CUBEMAP | DDSCAPS2.CUBEMAP_POSITIVEZ
+DDS_CUBEMAP_NEGATIVEZ = DDSCAPS2.CUBEMAP | DDSCAPS2.CUBEMAP_NEGATIVEZ
+
+DXT1_FOURCC = D3DFMT.DXT1
+DXT3_FOURCC = D3DFMT.DXT3
+DXT5_FOURCC = D3DFMT.DXT5
+
+DXGI_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_TYPELESS = DXGI_FORMAT.R8G8B8A8_TYPELESS
+DXGI_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM = DXGI_FORMAT.R8G8B8A8_UNORM
+DXGI_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM_SRGB = DXGI_FORMAT.R8G8B8A8_UNORM_SRGB
+DXGI_FORMAT_BC5_TYPELESS = DXGI_FORMAT.BC5_TYPELESS
+DXGI_FORMAT_BC5_UNORM = DXGI_FORMAT.BC5_UNORM
+DXGI_FORMAT_BC5_SNORM = DXGI_FORMAT.BC5_SNORM
+DXGI_FORMAT_BC6H_UF16 = DXGI_FORMAT.BC6H_UF16
+DXGI_FORMAT_BC6H_SF16 = DXGI_FORMAT.BC6H_SF16
+DXGI_FORMAT_BC7_TYPELESS = DXGI_FORMAT.BC7_TYPELESS
+DXGI_FORMAT_BC7_UNORM = DXGI_FORMAT.BC7_UNORM
+DXGI_FORMAT_BC7_UNORM_SRGB = DXGI_FORMAT.BC7_UNORM_SRGB
+
+
+class DdsImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
+    format = "DDS"
+    format_description = "DirectDraw Surface"
+
+    def _open(self) -> None:
+        if not _accept(self.fp.read(4)):
+            msg = "not a DDS file"
+            raise SyntaxError(msg)
+        (header_size,) = struct.unpack("<I", self.fp.read(4))
+        if header_size != 124:
+            msg = f"Unsupported header size {repr(header_size)}"
+            raise OSError(msg)
+        header_bytes = self.fp.read(header_size - 4)
+        if len(header_bytes) != 120:
+            msg = f"Incomplete header: {len(header_bytes)} bytes"
+            raise OSError(msg)
+        header = io.BytesIO(header_bytes)
+
+        flags, height, width = struct.unpack("<3I", header.read(12))
+        self._size = (width, height)
+        extents = (0, 0) + self.size
+
+        pitch, depth, mipmaps = struct.unpack("<3I", header.read(12))
+        struct.unpack("<11I", header.read(44))  # reserved
+
+        # pixel format
+        pfsize, pfflags, fourcc, bitcount = struct.unpack("<4I", header.read(16))
+        n = 0
+        rawmode = None
+        if pfflags & DDPF.RGB:
+            # Texture contains uncompressed RGB data
+            if pfflags & DDPF.ALPHAPIXELS:
+                self._mode = "RGBA"
+                mask_count = 4
+            else:
+                self._mode = "RGB"
+                mask_count = 3
+
+            masks = struct.unpack(f"<{mask_count}I", header.read(mask_count * 4))
+            self.tile = [ImageFile._Tile("dds_rgb", extents, 0, (bitcount, masks))]
+            return
+        elif pfflags & DDPF.LUMINANCE:
+            if bitcount == 8:
+                self._mode = "L"
+            elif bitcount == 16 and pfflags & DDPF.ALPHAPIXELS:
+                self._mode = "LA"
+            else:
+                msg = f"Unsupported bitcount {bitcount} for {pfflags}"
+                raise OSError(msg)
+        elif pfflags & DDPF.PALETTEINDEXED8:
+            self._mode = "P"
+            self.palette = ImagePalette.raw("RGBA", self.fp.read(1024))
+            self.palette.mode = "RGBA"
+        elif pfflags & DDPF.FOURCC:
+            offset = header_size + 4
+            if fourcc == D3DFMT.DXT1:
+                self._mode = "RGBA"
+                self.pixel_format = "DXT1"
+                n = 1
+            elif fourcc == D3DFMT.DXT3:
+                self._mode = "RGBA"
+                self.pixel_format = "DXT3"
+                n = 2
+            elif fourcc == D3DFMT.DXT5:
+                self._mode = "RGBA"
+                self.pixel_format = "DXT5"
+                n = 3
+            elif fourcc in (D3DFMT.BC4U, D3DFMT.ATI1):
+                self._mode = "L"
+                self.pixel_format = "BC4"
+                n = 4
+            elif fourcc == D3DFMT.BC5S:
+                self._mode = "RGB"
+                self.pixel_format = "BC5S"
+                n = 5
+            elif fourcc in (D3DFMT.BC5U, D3DFMT.ATI2):
+                self._mode = "RGB"
+                self.pixel_format = "BC5"
+                n = 5
+            elif fourcc == D3DFMT.DX10:
+                offset += 20
+                # ignoring flags which pertain to volume textures and cubemaps
+                (dxgi_format,) = struct.unpack("<I", self.fp.read(4))
+                self.fp.read(16)
+                if dxgi_format in (
+                    DXGI_FORMAT.BC1_UNORM,
+                    DXGI_FORMAT.BC1_TYPELESS,
+                ):
+                    self._mode = "RGBA"
+                    self.pixel_format = "BC1"
+                    n = 1
+                elif dxgi_format in (DXGI_FORMAT.BC2_TYPELESS, DXGI_FORMAT.BC2_UNORM):
+                    self._mode = "RGBA"
+                    self.pixel_format = "BC2"
+                    n = 2
+                elif dxgi_format in (DXGI_FORMAT.BC3_TYPELESS, DXGI_FORMAT.BC3_UNORM):
+                    self._mode = "RGBA"
+                    self.pixel_format = "BC3"
+                    n = 3
+                elif dxgi_format in (DXGI_FORMAT.BC4_TYPELESS, DXGI_FORMAT.BC4_UNORM):
+                    self._mode = "L"
+                    self.pixel_format = "BC4"
+                    n = 4
+                elif dxgi_format in (DXGI_FORMAT.BC5_TYPELESS, DXGI_FORMAT.BC5_UNORM):
+                    self._mode = "RGB"
+                    self.pixel_format = "BC5"
+                    n = 5
+                elif dxgi_format == DXGI_FORMAT.BC5_SNORM:
+                    self._mode = "RGB"
+                    self.pixel_format = "BC5S"
+                    n = 5
+                elif dxgi_format == DXGI_FORMAT.BC6H_UF16:
+                    self._mode = "RGB"
+                    self.pixel_format = "BC6H"
+                    n = 6
+                elif dxgi_format == DXGI_FORMAT.BC6H_SF16:
+                    self._mode = "RGB"
+                    self.pixel_format = "BC6HS"
+                    n = 6
+                elif dxgi_format in (
+                    DXGI_FORMAT.BC7_TYPELESS,
+                    DXGI_FORMAT.BC7_UNORM,
+                    DXGI_FORMAT.BC7_UNORM_SRGB,
+                ):
+                    self._mode = "RGBA"
+                    self.pixel_format = "BC7"
+                    n = 7
+                    if dxgi_format == DXGI_FORMAT.BC7_UNORM_SRGB:
+                        self.info["gamma"] = 1 / 2.2
+                elif dxgi_format in (
+                    DXGI_FORMAT.R8G8B8A8_TYPELESS,
+                    DXGI_FORMAT.R8G8B8A8_UNORM,
+                    DXGI_FORMAT.R8G8B8A8_UNORM_SRGB,
+                ):
+                    self._mode = "RGBA"
+                    if dxgi_format == DXGI_FORMAT.R8G8B8A8_UNORM_SRGB:
+                        self.info["gamma"] = 1 / 2.2
+                else:
+                    msg = f"Unimplemented DXGI format {dxgi_format}"
+                    raise NotImplementedError(msg)
+            else:
+                msg = f"Unimplemented pixel format {repr(fourcc)}"
+                raise NotImplementedError(msg)
+        else:
+            msg = f"Unknown pixel format flags {pfflags}"
+            raise NotImplementedError(msg)
+
+        if n:
+            self.tile = [
+                ImageFile._Tile("bcn", extents, offset, (n, self.pixel_format))
+            ]
+        else:
+            self.tile = [ImageFile._Tile("raw", extents, 0, rawmode or self.mode)]
+
+    def load_seek(self, pos: int) -> None:
+        pass
+
+
+class DdsRgbDecoder(ImageFile.PyDecoder):
+    _pulls_fd = True
+
+    def decode(self, buffer: bytes | Image.SupportsArrayInterface) -> tuple[int, int]:
+        assert self.fd is not None
+        bitcount, masks = self.args
+
+        # Some masks will be padded with zeros, e.g. R 0b11 G 0b1100
+        # Calculate how many zeros each mask is padded with
+        mask_offsets = []
+        # And the maximum value of each channel without the padding
+        mask_totals = []
+        for mask in masks:
+            offset = 0
+            if mask != 0:
+                while mask >> (offset + 1) << (offset + 1) == mask:
+                    offset += 1
+            mask_offsets.append(offset)
+            mask_totals.append(mask >> offset)
+
+        data = bytearray()
+        bytecount = bitcount // 8
+        dest_length = self.state.xsize * self.state.ysize * len(masks)
+        while len(data) < dest_length:
+            value = int.from_bytes(self.fd.read(bytecount), "little")
+            for i, mask in enumerate(masks):
+                masked_value = value & mask
+                # Remove the zero padding, and scale it to 8 bits
+                data += o8(
+                    int(((masked_value >> mask_offsets[i]) / mask_totals[i]) * 255)
+                )
+        self.set_as_raw(data)
+        return -1, 0
+
+
+def _save(im: Image.Image, fp: IO[bytes], filename: str | bytes) -> None:
+    if im.mode not in ("RGB", "RGBA", "L", "LA"):
+        msg = f"cannot write mode {im.mode} as DDS"
+        raise OSError(msg)
+
+    flags = DDSD.CAPS | DDSD.HEIGHT | DDSD.WIDTH | DDSD.PIXELFORMAT
+    bitcount = len(im.getbands()) * 8
+    pixel_format = im.encoderinfo.get("pixel_format")
+    args: tuple[int] | str
+    if pixel_format:
+        codec_name = "bcn"
+        flags |= DDSD.LINEARSIZE
+        pitch = (im.width + 3) * 4
+        rgba_mask = [0, 0, 0, 0]
+        pixel_flags = DDPF.FOURCC
+        if pixel_format == "DXT1":
+            fourcc = D3DFMT.DXT1
+            args = (1,)
+        elif pixel_format == "DXT3":
+            fourcc = D3DFMT.DXT3
+            args = (2,)
+        elif pixel_format == "DXT5":
+            fourcc = D3DFMT.DXT5
+            args = (3,)
+        else:
+            fourcc = D3DFMT.DX10
+            if pixel_format == "BC2":
+                args = (2,)
+                dxgi_format = DXGI_FORMAT.BC2_TYPELESS
+            elif pixel_format == "BC3":
+                args = (3,)
+                dxgi_format = DXGI_FORMAT.BC3_TYPELESS
+            elif pixel_format == "BC5":
+                args = (5,)
+                dxgi_format = DXGI_FORMAT.BC5_TYPELESS
+                if im.mode != "RGB":
+                    msg = "only RGB mode can be written as BC5"
+                    raise OSError(msg)
+            else:
+                msg = f"cannot write pixel format {pixel_format}"
+                raise OSError(msg)
+    else:
+        codec_name = "raw"
+        flags |= DDSD.PITCH
+        pitch = (im.width * bitcount + 7) // 8
+
+        alpha = im.mode[-1] == "A"
+        if im.mode[0] == "L":
+            pixel_flags = DDPF.LUMINANCE
+            args = im.mode
+            if alpha:
+                rgba_mask = [0x000000FF, 0x000000FF, 0x000000FF]
+            else:
+                rgba_mask = [0xFF000000, 0xFF000000, 0xFF000000]
+        else:
+            pixel_flags = DDPF.RGB
+            args = im.mode[::-1]
+            rgba_mask = [0x00FF0000, 0x0000FF00, 0x000000FF]
+
+            if alpha:
+                r, g, b, a = im.split()
+                im = Image.merge("RGBA", (a, r, g, b))
+        if alpha:
+            pixel_flags |= DDPF.ALPHAPIXELS
+        rgba_mask.append(0xFF000000 if alpha else 0)
+
+        fourcc = D3DFMT.UNKNOWN
+    fp.write(
+        o32(DDS_MAGIC)
+        + struct.pack(
+            "<7I",
+            124,  # header size
+            flags,  # flags
+            im.height,
+            im.width,
+            pitch,
+            0,  # depth
+            0,  # mipmaps
+        )
+        + struct.pack("11I", *((0,) * 11))  # reserved
+        # pfsize, pfflags, fourcc, bitcount
+        + struct.pack("<4I", 32, pixel_flags, fourcc, bitcount)
+        + struct.pack("<4I", *rgba_mask)  # dwRGBABitMask
+        + struct.pack("<5I", DDSCAPS.TEXTURE, 0, 0, 0, 0)
+    )
+    if fourcc == D3DFMT.DX10:
+        fp.write(
+            # dxgi_format, 2D resource, misc, array size, straight alpha
+            struct.pack("<5I", dxgi_format, 3, 0, 0, 1)
+        )
+    ImageFile._save(im, fp, [ImageFile._Tile(codec_name, (0, 0) + im.size, 0, args)])
+
+
+def _accept(prefix: bytes) -> bool:
+    return prefix.startswith(b"DDS ")
+
+
+Image.register_open(DdsImageFile.format, DdsImageFile, _accept)
+Image.register_decoder("dds_rgb", DdsRgbDecoder)
+Image.register_save(DdsImageFile.format, _save)
+Image.register_extension(DdsImageFile.format, ".dds")

.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/PIL/FtexImagePlugin.py

@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+"""
+A Pillow loader for .ftc and .ftu files (FTEX)
+Jerome Leclanche <jerome@leclan.ch>
+
+The contents of this file are hereby released in the public domain (CC0)
+Full text of the CC0 license:
+  https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
+
+Independence War 2: Edge Of Chaos - Texture File Format - 16 October 2001
+
+The textures used for 3D objects in Independence War 2: Edge Of Chaos are in a
+packed custom format called FTEX. This file format uses file extensions FTC
+and FTU.
+* FTC files are compressed textures (using standard texture compression).
+* FTU files are not compressed.
+Texture File Format
+The FTC and FTU texture files both use the same format. This
+has the following structure:
+{header}
+{format_directory}
+{data}
+Where:
+{header} = {
+    u32:magic,
+    u32:version,
+    u32:width,
+    u32:height,
+    u32:mipmap_count,
+    u32:format_count
+}
+
+* The "magic" number is "FTEX".
+* "width" and "height" are the dimensions of the texture.
+* "mipmap_count" is the number of mipmaps in the texture.
+* "format_count" is the number of texture formats (different versions of the
+same texture) in this file.
+
+{format_directory} = format_count * { u32:format, u32:where }
+
+The format value is 0 for DXT1 compressed textures and 1 for 24-bit RGB
+uncompressed textures.
+The texture data for a format starts at the position "where" in the file.
+
+Each set of texture data in the file has the following structure:
+{data} = format_count * { u32:mipmap_size, mipmap_size * { u8 } }
+* "mipmap_size" is the number of bytes in that mip level. For compressed
+textures this is the size of the texture data compressed with DXT1. For 24 bit
+uncompressed textures, this is 3 * width * height. Following this are the image
+bytes for that mipmap level.
+
+Note: All data is stored in little-Endian (Intel) byte order.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import struct
+from enum import IntEnum
+from io import BytesIO
+
+from . import Image, ImageFile
+
+MAGIC = b"FTEX"
+
+
+class Format(IntEnum):
+    DXT1 = 0
+    UNCOMPRESSED = 1
+
+
+class FtexImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
+    format = "FTEX"
+    format_description = "Texture File Format (IW2:EOC)"
+
+    def _open(self) -> None:
+        if not _accept(self.fp.read(4)):
+            msg = "not an FTEX file"
+            raise SyntaxError(msg)
+        struct.unpack("<i", self.fp.read(4))  # version
+        self._size = struct.unpack("<2i", self.fp.read(8))
+        mipmap_count, format_count = struct.unpack("<2i", self.fp.read(8))
+
+        # Only support single-format files.
+        # I don't know of any multi-format file.
+        assert format_count == 1
+
+        format, where = struct.unpack("<2i", self.fp.read(8))
+        self.fp.seek(where)
+        (mipmap_size,) = struct.unpack("<i", self.fp.read(4))
+
+        data = self.fp.read(mipmap_size)
+
+        if format == Format.DXT1:
+            self._mode = "RGBA"
+            self.tile = [ImageFile._Tile("bcn", (0, 0) + self.size, 0, (1,))]
+        elif format == Format.UNCOMPRESSED:
+            self._mode = "RGB"
+            self.tile = [ImageFile._Tile("raw", (0, 0) + self.size, 0, "RGB")]
+        else:
+            msg = f"Invalid texture compression format: {repr(format)}"
+            raise ValueError(msg)
+
+        self.fp.close()
+        self.fp = BytesIO(data)
+
+    def load_seek(self, pos: int) -> None:
+        pass
+
+
+def _accept(prefix: bytes) -> bool:
+    return prefix.startswith(MAGIC)
+
+
+Image.register_open(FtexImageFile.format, FtexImageFile, _accept)
+Image.register_extensions(FtexImageFile.format, [".ftc", ".ftu"])

.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/PIL/GdImageFile.py

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+#
+# The Python Imaging Library.
+# $Id$
+#
+# GD file handling
+#
+# History:
+# 1996-04-12 fl   Created
+#
+# Copyright (c) 1997 by Secret Labs AB.
+# Copyright (c) 1996 by Fredrik Lundh.
+#
+# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
+#
+
+
+"""
+.. note::
+    This format cannot be automatically recognized, so the
+    class is not registered for use with :py:func:`PIL.Image.open()`.  To open a
+    gd file, use the :py:func:`PIL.GdImageFile.open()` function instead.
+
+.. warning::
+    THE GD FORMAT IS NOT DESIGNED FOR DATA INTERCHANGE.  This
+    implementation is provided for convenience and demonstrational
+    purposes only.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import IO
+
+from . import ImageFile, ImagePalette, UnidentifiedImageError
+from ._binary import i16be as i16
+from ._binary import i32be as i32
+from ._typing import StrOrBytesPath
+
+
+class GdImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
+    """
+    Image plugin for the GD uncompressed format.  Note that this format
+    is not supported by the standard :py:func:`PIL.Image.open()` function.  To use
+    this plugin, you have to import the :py:mod:`PIL.GdImageFile` module and
+    use the :py:func:`PIL.GdImageFile.open()` function.
+    """
+
+    format = "GD"
+    format_description = "GD uncompressed images"
+
+    def _open(self) -> None:
+        # Header
+        assert self.fp is not None
+
+        s = self.fp.read(1037)
+
+        if i16(s) not in [65534, 65535]:
+            msg = "Not a valid GD 2.x .gd file"
+            raise SyntaxError(msg)
+
+        self._mode = "P"
+        self._size = i16(s, 2), i16(s, 4)
+
+        true_color = s[6]
+        true_color_offset = 2 if true_color else 0
+
+        # transparency index
+        tindex = i32(s, 7 + true_color_offset)
+        if tindex < 256:
+            self.info["transparency"] = tindex
+
+        self.palette = ImagePalette.raw(
+            "RGBX", s[7 + true_color_offset + 6 : 7 + true_color_offset + 6 + 256 * 4]
+        )
+
+        self.tile = [
+            ImageFile._Tile(
+                "raw",
+                (0, 0) + self.size,
+                7 + true_color_offset + 6 + 256 * 4,
+                "L",
+            )
+        ]
+
+
+def open(fp: StrOrBytesPath | IO[bytes], mode: str = "r") -> GdImageFile:
+    """
+    Load texture from a GD image file.
+
+    :param fp: GD file name, or an opened file handle.
+    :param mode: Optional mode.  In this version, if the mode argument
+        is given, it must be "r".
+    :returns: An image instance.
+    :raises OSError: If the image could not be read.
+    """
+    if mode != "r":
+        msg = "bad mode"
+        raise ValueError(msg)
+
+    try:
+        return GdImageFile(fp)
+    except SyntaxError as e:
+        msg = "cannot identify this image file"
+        raise UnidentifiedImageError(msg) from e

.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/PIL/GimpGradientFile.py

@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+#
+# Python Imaging Library
+# $Id$
+#
+# stuff to read (and render) GIMP gradient files
+#
+# History:
+#       97-08-23 fl     Created
+#
+# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 1997.
+# Copyright (c) Fredrik Lundh 1997.
+#
+# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
+#
+
+"""
+Stuff to translate curve segments to palette values (derived from
+the corresponding code in GIMP, written by Federico Mena Quintero.
+See the GIMP distribution for more information.)
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from math import log, pi, sin, sqrt
+
+from ._binary import o8
+
+TYPE_CHECKING = False
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from collections.abc import Callable
+    from typing import IO
+
+EPSILON = 1e-10
+""""""  # Enable auto-doc for data member
+
+
+def linear(middle: float, pos: float) -> float:
+    if pos <= middle:
+        if middle < EPSILON:
+            return 0.0
+        else:
+            return 0.5 * pos / middle
+    else:
+        pos = pos - middle
+        middle = 1.0 - middle
+        if middle < EPSILON:
+            return 1.0
+        else:
+            return 0.5 + 0.5 * pos / middle
+
+
+def curved(middle: float, pos: float) -> float:
+    return pos ** (log(0.5) / log(max(middle, EPSILON)))
+
+
+def sine(middle: float, pos: float) -> float:
+    return (sin((-pi / 2.0) + pi * linear(middle, pos)) + 1.0) / 2.0
+
+
+def sphere_increasing(middle: float, pos: float) -> float:
+    return sqrt(1.0 - (linear(middle, pos) - 1.0) ** 2)
+
+
+def sphere_decreasing(middle: float, pos: float) -> float:
+    return 1.0 - sqrt(1.0 - linear(middle, pos) ** 2)
+
+
+SEGMENTS = [linear, curved, sine, sphere_increasing, sphere_decreasing]
+""""""  # Enable auto-doc for data member
+
+
+class GradientFile:
+    gradient: (
+        list[
+            tuple[
+                float,
+                float,
+                float,
+                list[float],
+                list[float],
+                Callable[[float, float], float],
+            ]
+        ]
+        | None
+    ) = None
+
+    def getpalette(self, entries: int = 256) -> tuple[bytes, str]:
+        assert self.gradient is not None
+        palette = []
+
+        ix = 0
+        x0, x1, xm, rgb0, rgb1, segment = self.gradient[ix]
+
+        for i in range(entries):
+            x = i / (entries - 1)
+
+            while x1 < x:
+                ix += 1
+                x0, x1, xm, rgb0, rgb1, segment = self.gradient[ix]
+
+            w = x1 - x0
+
+            if w < EPSILON:
+                scale = segment(0.5, 0.5)
+            else:
+                scale = segment((xm - x0) / w, (x - x0) / w)
+
+            # expand to RGBA
+            r = o8(int(255 * ((rgb1[0] - rgb0[0]) * scale + rgb0[0]) + 0.5))
+            g = o8(int(255 * ((rgb1[1] - rgb0[1]) * scale + rgb0[1]) + 0.5))
+            b = o8(int(255 * ((rgb1[2] - rgb0[2]) * scale + rgb0[2]) + 0.5))
+            a = o8(int(255 * ((rgb1[3] - rgb0[3]) * scale + rgb0[3]) + 0.5))
+
+            # add to palette
+            palette.append(r + g + b + a)
+
+        return b"".join(palette), "RGBA"
+
+
+class GimpGradientFile(GradientFile):
+    """File handler for GIMP's gradient format."""
+
+    def __init__(self, fp: IO[bytes]) -> None:
+        if not fp.readline().startswith(b"GIMP Gradient"):
+            msg = "not a GIMP gradient file"
+            raise SyntaxError(msg)
+
+        line = fp.readline()
+
+        # GIMP 1.2 gradient files don't contain a name, but GIMP 1.3 files do
+        if line.startswith(b"Name: "):
+            line = fp.readline().strip()
+
+        count = int(line)
+
+        self.gradient = []
+
+        for i in range(count):
+            s = fp.readline().split()
+            w = [float(x) for x in s[:11]]
+
+            x0, x1 = w[0], w[2]
+            xm = w[1]
+            rgb0 = w[3:7]
+            rgb1 = w[7:11]
+
+            segment = SEGMENTS[int(s[11])]
+            cspace = int(s[12])
+
+            if cspace != 0:
+                msg = "cannot handle HSV colour space"
+                raise OSError(msg)
+
+            self.gradient.append((x0, x1, xm, rgb0, rgb1, segment))

.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/PIL/Hdf5StubImagePlugin.py

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+#
+# The Python Imaging Library
+# $Id$
+#
+# HDF5 stub adapter
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2000-2003 by Fredrik Lundh
+#
+# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
+#
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import os
+from typing import IO
+
+from . import Image, ImageFile
+
+_handler = None
+
+
+def register_handler(handler: ImageFile.StubHandler | None) -> None:
+    """
+    Install application-specific HDF5 image handler.
+
+    :param handler: Handler object.
+    """
+    global _handler
+    _handler = handler
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Image adapter
+
+
+def _accept(prefix: bytes) -> bool:
+    return prefix.startswith(b"\x89HDF\r\n\x1a\n")
+
+
+class HDF5StubImageFile(ImageFile.StubImageFile):
+    format = "HDF5"
+    format_description = "HDF5"
+
+    def _open(self) -> None:
+        if not _accept(self.fp.read(8)):
+            msg = "Not an HDF file"
+            raise SyntaxError(msg)
+
+        self.fp.seek(-8, os.SEEK_CUR)
+
+        # make something up
+        self._mode = "F"
+        self._size = 1, 1
+
+        loader = self._load()
+        if loader:
+            loader.open(self)
+
+    def _load(self) -> ImageFile.StubHandler | None:
+        return _handler
+
+
+def _save(im: Image.Image, fp: IO[bytes], filename: str | bytes) -> None:
+    if _handler is None or not hasattr(_handler, "save"):
+        msg = "HDF5 save handler not installed"
+        raise OSError(msg)
+    _handler.save(im, fp, filename)
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Registry
+
+Image.register_open(HDF5StubImageFile.format, HDF5StubImageFile, _accept)
+Image.register_save(HDF5StubImageFile.format, _save)
+
+Image.register_extensions(HDF5StubImageFile.format, [".h5", ".hdf"])

.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/PIL/IcoImagePlugin.py

@@ -0,0 +1,381 @@
+#
+# The Python Imaging Library.
+# $Id$
+#
+# Windows Icon support for PIL
+#
+# History:
+#       96-05-27 fl     Created
+#
+# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 1997.
+# Copyright (c) Fredrik Lundh 1996.
+#
+# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
+#
+
+# This plugin is a refactored version of Win32IconImagePlugin by Bryan Davis
+# <casadebender@gmail.com>.
+# https://code.google.com/archive/p/casadebender/wikis/Win32IconImagePlugin.wiki
+#
+# Icon format references:
+#   * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ICO_(file_format)
+#   * https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms997538.aspx
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import warnings
+from io import BytesIO
+from math import ceil, log
+from typing import IO, NamedTuple
+
+from . import BmpImagePlugin, Image, ImageFile, PngImagePlugin
+from ._binary import i16le as i16
+from ._binary import i32le as i32
+from ._binary import o8
+from ._binary import o16le as o16
+from ._binary import o32le as o32
+
+#
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+_MAGIC = b"\0\0\1\0"
+
+
+def _save(im: Image.Image, fp: IO[bytes], filename: str | bytes) -> None:
+    fp.write(_MAGIC)  # (2+2)
+    bmp = im.encoderinfo.get("bitmap_format") == "bmp"
+    sizes = im.encoderinfo.get(
+        "sizes",
+        [(16, 16), (24, 24), (32, 32), (48, 48), (64, 64), (128, 128), (256, 256)],
+    )
+    frames = []
+    provided_ims = [im] + im.encoderinfo.get("append_images", [])
+    width, height = im.size
+    for size in sorted(set(sizes)):
+        if size[0] > width or size[1] > height or size[0] > 256 or size[1] > 256:
+            continue
+
+        for provided_im in provided_ims:
+            if provided_im.size != size:
+                continue
+            frames.append(provided_im)
+            if bmp:
+                bits = BmpImagePlugin.SAVE[provided_im.mode][1]
+                bits_used = [bits]
+                for other_im in provided_ims:
+                    if other_im.size != size:
+                        continue
+                    bits = BmpImagePlugin.SAVE[other_im.mode][1]
+                    if bits not in bits_used:
+                        # Another image has been supplied for this size
+                        # with a different bit depth
+                        frames.append(other_im)
+                        bits_used.append(bits)
+            break
+        else:
+            # TODO: invent a more convenient method for proportional scalings
+            frame = provided_im.copy()
+            frame.thumbnail(size, Image.Resampling.LANCZOS, reducing_gap=None)
+            frames.append(frame)
+    fp.write(o16(len(frames)))  # idCount(2)
+    offset = fp.tell() + len(frames) * 16
+    for frame in frames:
+        width, height = frame.size
+        # 0 means 256
+        fp.write(o8(width if width < 256 else 0))  # bWidth(1)
+        fp.write(o8(height if height < 256 else 0))  # bHeight(1)
+
+        bits, colors = BmpImagePlugin.SAVE[frame.mode][1:] if bmp else (32, 0)
+        fp.write(o8(colors))  # bColorCount(1)
+        fp.write(b"\0")  # bReserved(1)
+        fp.write(b"\0\0")  # wPlanes(2)
+        fp.write(o16(bits))  # wBitCount(2)
+
+        image_io = BytesIO()
+        if bmp:
+            frame.save(image_io, "dib")
+
+            if bits != 32:
+                and_mask = Image.new("1", size)
+                ImageFile._save(
+                    and_mask,
+                    image_io,
+                    [ImageFile._Tile("raw", (0, 0) + size, 0, ("1", 0, -1))],
+                )
+        else:
+            frame.save(image_io, "png")
+        image_io.seek(0)
+        image_bytes = image_io.read()
+        if bmp:
+            image_bytes = image_bytes[:8] + o32(height * 2) + image_bytes[12:]
+        bytes_len = len(image_bytes)
+        fp.write(o32(bytes_len))  # dwBytesInRes(4)
+        fp.write(o32(offset))  # dwImageOffset(4)
+        current = fp.tell()
+        fp.seek(offset)
+        fp.write(image_bytes)
+        offset = offset + bytes_len
+        fp.seek(current)
+
+
+def _accept(prefix: bytes) -> bool:
+    return prefix.startswith(_MAGIC)
+
+
+class IconHeader(NamedTuple):
+    width: int
+    height: int
+    nb_color: int
+    reserved: int
+    planes: int
+    bpp: int
+    size: int
+    offset: int
+    dim: tuple[int, int]
+    square: int
+    color_depth: int
+
+
+class IcoFile:
+    def __init__(self, buf: IO[bytes]) -> None:
+        """
+        Parse image from file-like object containing ico file data
+        """
+
+        # check magic
+        s = buf.read(6)
+        if not _accept(s):
+            msg = "not an ICO file"
+            raise SyntaxError(msg)
+
+        self.buf = buf
+        self.entry = []
+
+        # Number of items in file
+        self.nb_items = i16(s, 4)
+
+        # Get headers for each item
+        for i in range(self.nb_items):
+            s = buf.read(16)
+
+            # See Wikipedia
+            width = s[0] or 256
+            height = s[1] or 256
+
+            # No. of colors in image (0 if >=8bpp)
+            nb_color = s[2]
+            bpp = i16(s, 6)
+            icon_header = IconHeader(
+                width=width,
+                height=height,
+                nb_color=nb_color,
+                reserved=s[3],
+                planes=i16(s, 4),
+                bpp=i16(s, 6),
+                size=i32(s, 8),
+                offset=i32(s, 12),
+                dim=(width, height),
+                square=width * height,
+                # See Wikipedia notes about color depth.
+                # We need this just to differ images with equal sizes
+                color_depth=bpp or (nb_color != 0 and ceil(log(nb_color, 2))) or 256,
+            )
+
+            self.entry.append(icon_header)
+
+        self.entry = sorted(self.entry, key=lambda x: x.color_depth)
+        # ICO images are usually squares
+        self.entry = sorted(self.entry, key=lambda x: x.square, reverse=True)
+
+    def sizes(self) -> set[tuple[int, int]]:
+        """
+        Get a set of all available icon sizes and color depths.
+        """
+        return {(h.width, h.height) for h in self.entry}
+
+    def getentryindex(self, size: tuple[int, int], bpp: int | bool = False) -> int:
+        for i, h in enumerate(self.entry):
+            if size == h.dim and (bpp is False or bpp == h.color_depth):
+                return i
+        return 0
+
+    def getimage(self, size: tuple[int, int], bpp: int | bool = False) -> Image.Image:
+        """
+        Get an image from the icon
+        """
+        return self.frame(self.getentryindex(size, bpp))
+
+    def frame(self, idx: int) -> Image.Image:
+        """
+        Get an image from frame idx
+        """
+
+        header = self.entry[idx]
+
+        self.buf.seek(header.offset)
+        data = self.buf.read(8)
+        self.buf.seek(header.offset)
+
+        im: Image.Image
+        if data[:8] == PngImagePlugin._MAGIC:
+            # png frame
+            im = PngImagePlugin.PngImageFile(self.buf)
+            Image._decompression_bomb_check(im.size)
+        else:
+            # XOR + AND mask bmp frame
+            im = BmpImagePlugin.DibImageFile(self.buf)
+            Image._decompression_bomb_check(im.size)
+
+            # change tile dimension to only encompass XOR image
+            im._size = (im.size[0], int(im.size[1] / 2))
+            d, e, o, a = im.tile[0]
+            im.tile[0] = ImageFile._Tile(d, (0, 0) + im.size, o, a)
+
+            # figure out where AND mask image starts
+            if header.bpp == 32:
+                # 32-bit color depth icon image allows semitransparent areas
+                # PIL's DIB format ignores transparency bits, recover them.
+                # The DIB is packed in BGRX byte order where X is the alpha
+                # channel.
+
+                # Back up to start of bmp data
+                self.buf.seek(o)
+                # extract every 4th byte (eg. 3,7,11,15,...)
+                alpha_bytes = self.buf.read(im.size[0] * im.size[1] * 4)[3::4]
+
+                # convert to an 8bpp grayscale image
+                try:
+                    mask = Image.frombuffer(
+                        "L",  # 8bpp
+                        im.size,  # (w, h)
+                        alpha_bytes,  # source chars
+                        "raw",  # raw decoder
+                        ("L", 0, -1),  # 8bpp inverted, unpadded, reversed
+                    )
+                except ValueError:
+                    if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:
+                        mask = None
+                    else:
+                        raise
+            else:
+                # get AND image from end of bitmap
+                w = im.size[0]
+                if (w % 32) > 0:
+                    # bitmap row data is aligned to word boundaries
+                    w += 32 - (im.size[0] % 32)
+
+                # the total mask data is
+                # padded row size * height / bits per char
+
+                total_bytes = int((w * im.size[1]) / 8)
+                and_mask_offset = header.offset + header.size - total_bytes
+
+                self.buf.seek(and_mask_offset)
+                mask_data = self.buf.read(total_bytes)
+
+                # convert raw data to image
+                try:
+                    mask = Image.frombuffer(
+                        "1",  # 1 bpp
+                        im.size,  # (w, h)
+                        mask_data,  # source chars
+                        "raw",  # raw decoder
+                        ("1;I", int(w / 8), -1),  # 1bpp inverted, padded, reversed
+                    )
+                except ValueError:
+                    if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:
+                        mask = None
+                    else:
+                        raise
+
+                # now we have two images, im is XOR image and mask is AND image
+
+            # apply mask image as alpha channel
+            if mask:
+                im = im.convert("RGBA")
+                im.putalpha(mask)
+
+        return im
+
+
+##
+# Image plugin for Windows Icon files.
+
+
+class IcoImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
+    """
+    PIL read-only image support for Microsoft Windows .ico files.
+
+    By default the largest resolution image in the file will be loaded. This
+    can be changed by altering the 'size' attribute before calling 'load'.
+
+    The info dictionary has a key 'sizes' that is a list of the sizes available
+    in the icon file.
+
+    Handles classic, XP and Vista icon formats.
+
+    When saving, PNG compression is used. Support for this was only added in
+    Windows Vista. If you are unable to view the icon in Windows, convert the
+    image to "RGBA" mode before saving.
+
+    This plugin is a refactored version of Win32IconImagePlugin by Bryan Davis
+    <casadebender@gmail.com>.
+    https://code.google.com/archive/p/casadebender/wikis/Win32IconImagePlugin.wiki
+    """
+
+    format = "ICO"
+    format_description = "Windows Icon"
+
+    def _open(self) -> None:
+        self.ico = IcoFile(self.fp)
+        self.info["sizes"] = self.ico.sizes()
+        self.size = self.ico.entry[0].dim
+        self.load()
+
+    @property
+    def size(self) -> tuple[int, int]:
+        return self._size
+
+    @size.setter
+    def size(self, value: tuple[int, int]) -> None:
+        if value not in self.info["sizes"]:
+            msg = "This is not one of the allowed sizes of this image"
+            raise ValueError(msg)
+        self._size = value
+
+    def load(self) -> Image.core.PixelAccess | None:
+        if self._im is not None and self.im.size == self.size:
+            # Already loaded
+            return Image.Image.load(self)
+        im = self.ico.getimage(self.size)
+        # if tile is PNG, it won't really be loaded yet
+        im.load()
+        self.im = im.im
+        self._mode = im.mode
+        if im.palette:
+            self.palette = im.palette
+        if im.size != self.size:
+            warnings.warn("Image was not the expected size")
+
+            index = self.ico.getentryindex(self.size)
+            sizes = list(self.info["sizes"])
+            sizes[index] = im.size
+            self.info["sizes"] = set(sizes)
+
+            self.size = im.size
+        return Image.Image.load(self)
+
+    def load_seek(self, pos: int) -> None:
+        # Flag the ImageFile.Parser so that it
+        # just does all the decode at the end.
+        pass
+
+
+#
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+Image.register_open(IcoImageFile.format, IcoImageFile, _accept)
+Image.register_save(IcoImageFile.format, _save)
+Image.register_extension(IcoImageFile.format, ".ico")
+
+Image.register_mime(IcoImageFile.format, "image/x-icon")

.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/PIL/ImageChops.py

@@ -0,0 +1,311 @@
+#
+# The Python Imaging Library.
+# $Id$
+#
+# standard channel operations
+#
+# History:
+# 1996-03-24 fl   Created
+# 1996-08-13 fl   Added logical operations (for "1" images)
+# 2000-10-12 fl   Added offset method (from Image.py)
+#
+# Copyright (c) 1997-2000 by Secret Labs AB
+# Copyright (c) 1996-2000 by Fredrik Lundh
+#
+# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
+#
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from . import Image
+
+
+def constant(image: Image.Image, value: int) -> Image.Image:
+    """Fill a channel with a given gray level.
+
+    :rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
+    """
+
+    return Image.new("L", image.size, value)
+
+
+def duplicate(image: Image.Image) -> Image.Image:
+    """Copy a channel. Alias for :py:meth:`PIL.Image.Image.copy`.
+
+    :rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
+    """
+
+    return image.copy()
+
+
+def invert(image: Image.Image) -> Image.Image:
+    """
+    Invert an image (channel). ::
+
+        out = MAX - image
+
+    :rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
+    """
+
+    image.load()
+    return image._new(image.im.chop_invert())
+
+
+def lighter(image1: Image.Image, image2: Image.Image) -> Image.Image:
+    """
+    Compares the two images, pixel by pixel, and returns a new image containing
+    the lighter values. ::
+
+        out = max(image1, image2)
+
+    :rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
+    """
+
+    image1.load()
+    image2.load()
+    return image1._new(image1.im.chop_lighter(image2.im))
+
+
+def darker(image1: Image.Image, image2: Image.Image) -> Image.Image:
+    """
+    Compares the two images, pixel by pixel, and returns a new image containing
+    the darker values. ::
+
+        out = min(image1, image2)
+
+    :rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
+    """
+
+    image1.load()
+    image2.load()
+    return image1._new(image1.im.chop_darker(image2.im))
+
+
+def difference(image1: Image.Image, image2: Image.Image) -> Image.Image:
+    """
+    Returns the absolute value of the pixel-by-pixel difference between the two
+    images. ::
+
+        out = abs(image1 - image2)
+
+    :rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
+    """
+
+    image1.load()
+    image2.load()
+    return image1._new(image1.im.chop_difference(image2.im))
+
+
+def multiply(image1: Image.Image, image2: Image.Image) -> Image.Image:
+    """
+    Superimposes two images on top of each other.
+
+    If you multiply an image with a solid black image, the result is black. If
+    you multiply with a solid white image, the image is unaffected. ::
+
+        out = image1 * image2 / MAX
+
+    :rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
+    """
+
+    image1.load()
+    image2.load()
+    return image1._new(image1.im.chop_multiply(image2.im))
+
+
+def screen(image1: Image.Image, image2: Image.Image) -> Image.Image:
+    """
+    Superimposes two inverted images on top of each other. ::
+
+        out = MAX - ((MAX - image1) * (MAX - image2) / MAX)
+
+    :rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
+    """
+
+    image1.load()
+    image2.load()
+    return image1._new(image1.im.chop_screen(image2.im))
+
+
+def soft_light(image1: Image.Image, image2: Image.Image) -> Image.Image:
+    """
+    Superimposes two images on top of each other using the Soft Light algorithm
+
+    :rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
+    """
+
+    image1.load()
+    image2.load()
+    return image1._new(image1.im.chop_soft_light(image2.im))
+
+
+def hard_light(image1: Image.Image, image2: Image.Image) -> Image.Image:
+    """
+    Superimposes two images on top of each other using the Hard Light algorithm
+
+    :rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
+    """
+
+    image1.load()
+    image2.load()
+    return image1._new(image1.im.chop_hard_light(image2.im))
+
+
+def overlay(image1: Image.Image, image2: Image.Image) -> Image.Image:
+    """
+    Superimposes two images on top of each other using the Overlay algorithm
+
+    :rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
+    """
+
+    image1.load()
+    image2.load()
+    return image1._new(image1.im.chop_overlay(image2.im))
+
+
+def add(
+    image1: Image.Image, image2: Image.Image, scale: float = 1.0, offset: float = 0
+) -> Image.Image:
+    """
+    Adds two images, dividing the result by scale and adding the
+    offset. If omitted, scale defaults to 1.0, and offset to 0.0. ::
+
+        out = ((image1 + image2) / scale + offset)
+
+    :rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
+    """
+
+    image1.load()
+    image2.load()
+    return image1._new(image1.im.chop_add(image2.im, scale, offset))
+
+
+def subtract(
+    image1: Image.Image, image2: Image.Image, scale: float = 1.0, offset: float = 0
+) -> Image.Image:
+    """
+    Subtracts two images, dividing the result by scale and adding the offset.
+    If omitted, scale defaults to 1.0, and offset to 0.0. ::
+
+        out = ((image1 - image2) / scale + offset)
+
+    :rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
+    """
+
+    image1.load()
+    image2.load()
+    return image1._new(image1.im.chop_subtract(image2.im, scale, offset))
+
+
+def add_modulo(image1: Image.Image, image2: Image.Image) -> Image.Image:
+    """Add two images, without clipping the result. ::
+
+        out = ((image1 + image2) % MAX)
+
+    :rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
+    """
+
+    image1.load()
+    image2.load()
+    return image1._new(image1.im.chop_add_modulo(image2.im))
+
+
+def subtract_modulo(image1: Image.Image, image2: Image.Image) -> Image.Image:
+    """Subtract two images, without clipping the result. ::
+
+        out = ((image1 - image2) % MAX)
+
+    :rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
+    """
+
+    image1.load()
+    image2.load()
+    return image1._new(image1.im.chop_subtract_modulo(image2.im))
+
+
+def logical_and(image1: Image.Image, image2: Image.Image) -> Image.Image:
+    """Logical AND between two images.
+
+    Both of the images must have mode "1". If you would like to perform a
+    logical AND on an image with a mode other than "1", try
+    :py:meth:`~PIL.ImageChops.multiply` instead, using a black-and-white mask
+    as the second image. ::
+
+        out = ((image1 and image2) % MAX)
+
+    :rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
+    """
+
+    image1.load()
+    image2.load()
+    return image1._new(image1.im.chop_and(image2.im))
+
+
+def logical_or(image1: Image.Image, image2: Image.Image) -> Image.Image:
+    """Logical OR between two images.
+
+    Both of the images must have mode "1". ::
+
+        out = ((image1 or image2) % MAX)
+
+    :rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
+    """
+
+    image1.load()
+    image2.load()
+    return image1._new(image1.im.chop_or(image2.im))
+
+
+def logical_xor(image1: Image.Image, image2: Image.Image) -> Image.Image:
+    """Logical XOR between two images.
+
+    Both of the images must have mode "1". ::
+
+        out = ((bool(image1) != bool(image2)) % MAX)
+
+    :rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
+    """
+
+    image1.load()
+    image2.load()
+    return image1._new(image1.im.chop_xor(image2.im))
+
+
+def blend(image1: Image.Image, image2: Image.Image, alpha: float) -> Image.Image:
+    """Blend images using constant transparency weight. Alias for
+    :py:func:`PIL.Image.blend`.
+
+    :rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
+    """
+
+    return Image.blend(image1, image2, alpha)
+
+
+def composite(
+    image1: Image.Image, image2: Image.Image, mask: Image.Image
+) -> Image.Image:
+    """Create composite using transparency mask. Alias for
+    :py:func:`PIL.Image.composite`.
+
+    :rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
+    """
+
+    return Image.composite(image1, image2, mask)
+
+
+def offset(image: Image.Image, xoffset: int, yoffset: int | None = None) -> Image.Image:
+    """Returns a copy of the image where data has been offset by the given
+    distances. Data wraps around the edges. If ``yoffset`` is omitted, it
+    is assumed to be equal to ``xoffset``.
+
+    :param image: Input image.
+    :param xoffset: The horizontal distance.
+    :param yoffset: The vertical distance.  If omitted, both
+        distances are set to the same value.
+    :rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
+    """
+
+    if yoffset is None:
+        yoffset = xoffset
+    image.load()
+    return image._new(image.im.offset(xoffset, yoffset))

.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/PIL/ImageColor.py

@@ -0,0 +1,320 @@
+#
+# The Python Imaging Library
+# $Id$
+#
+# map CSS3-style colour description strings to RGB
+#
+# History:
+# 2002-10-24 fl   Added support for CSS-style color strings
+# 2002-12-15 fl   Added RGBA support
+# 2004-03-27 fl   Fixed remaining int() problems for Python 1.5.2
+# 2004-07-19 fl   Fixed gray/grey spelling issues
+# 2009-03-05 fl   Fixed rounding error in grayscale calculation
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2002-2004 by Secret Labs AB
+# Copyright (c) 2002-2004 by Fredrik Lundh
+#
+# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
+#
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import re
+from functools import lru_cache
+
+from . import Image
+
+
+@lru_cache
+def getrgb(color: str) -> tuple[int, int, int] | tuple[int, int, int, int]:
+    """
+     Convert a color string to an RGB or RGBA tuple. If the string cannot be
+     parsed, this function raises a :py:exc:`ValueError` exception.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 1.1.4
+
+    :param color: A color string
+    :return: ``(red, green, blue[, alpha])``
+    """
+    if len(color) > 100:
+        msg = "color specifier is too long"
+        raise ValueError(msg)
+    color = color.lower()
+
+    rgb = colormap.get(color, None)
+    if rgb:
+        if isinstance(rgb, tuple):
+            return rgb
+        rgb_tuple = getrgb(rgb)
+        assert len(rgb_tuple) == 3
+        colormap[color] = rgb_tuple
+        return rgb_tuple
+
+    # check for known string formats
+    if re.match("#[a-f0-9]{3}$", color):
+        return int(color[1] * 2, 16), int(color[2] * 2, 16), int(color[3] * 2, 16)
+
+    if re.match("#[a-f0-9]{4}$", color):
+        return (
+            int(color[1] * 2, 16),
+            int(color[2] * 2, 16),
+            int(color[3] * 2, 16),
+            int(color[4] * 2, 16),
+        )
+
+    if re.match("#[a-f0-9]{6}$", color):
+        return int(color[1:3], 16), int(color[3:5], 16), int(color[5:7], 16)
+
+    if re.match("#[a-f0-9]{8}$", color):
+        return (
+            int(color[1:3], 16),
+            int(color[3:5], 16),
+            int(color[5:7], 16),
+            int(color[7:9], 16),
+        )
+
+    m = re.match(r"rgb\(\s*(\d+)\s*,\s*(\d+)\s*,\s*(\d+)\s*\)$", color)
+    if m:
+        return int(m.group(1)), int(m.group(2)), int(m.group(3))
+
+    m = re.match(r"rgb\(\s*(\d+)%\s*,\s*(\d+)%\s*,\s*(\d+)%\s*\)$", color)
+    if m:
+        return (
+            int((int(m.group(1)) * 255) / 100.0 + 0.5),
+            int((int(m.group(2)) * 255) / 100.0 + 0.5),
+            int((int(m.group(3)) * 255) / 100.0 + 0.5),
+        )
+
+    m = re.match(
+        r"hsl\(\s*(\d+\.?\d*)\s*,\s*(\d+\.?\d*)%\s*,\s*(\d+\.?\d*)%\s*\)$", color
+    )
+    if m:
+        from colorsys import hls_to_rgb
+
+        rgb_floats = hls_to_rgb(
+            float(m.group(1)) / 360.0,
+            float(m.group(3)) / 100.0,
+            float(m.group(2)) / 100.0,
+        )
+        return (
+            int(rgb_floats[0] * 255 + 0.5),
+            int(rgb_floats[1] * 255 + 0.5),
+            int(rgb_floats[2] * 255 + 0.5),
+        )
+
+    m = re.match(
+        r"hs[bv]\(\s*(\d+\.?\d*)\s*,\s*(\d+\.?\d*)%\s*,\s*(\d+\.?\d*)%\s*\)$", color
+    )
+    if m:
+        from colorsys import hsv_to_rgb
+
+        rgb_floats = hsv_to_rgb(
+            float(m.group(1)) / 360.0,
+            float(m.group(2)) / 100.0,
+            float(m.group(3)) / 100.0,
+        )
+        return (
+            int(rgb_floats[0] * 255 + 0.5),
+            int(rgb_floats[1] * 255 + 0.5),
+            int(rgb_floats[2] * 255 + 0.5),
+        )
+
+    m = re.match(r"rgba\(\s*(\d+)\s*,\s*(\d+)\s*,\s*(\d+)\s*,\s*(\d+)\s*\)$", color)
+    if m:
+        return int(m.group(1)), int(m.group(2)), int(m.group(3)), int(m.group(4))
+    msg = f"unknown color specifier: {repr(color)}"
+    raise ValueError(msg)
+
+
+@lru_cache
+def getcolor(color: str, mode: str) -> int | tuple[int, ...]:
+    """
+    Same as :py:func:`~PIL.ImageColor.getrgb` for most modes. However, if
+    ``mode`` is HSV, converts the RGB value to a HSV value, or if ``mode`` is
+    not color or a palette image, converts the RGB value to a grayscale value.
+    If the string cannot be parsed, this function raises a :py:exc:`ValueError`
+    exception.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 1.1.4
+
+    :param color: A color string
+    :param mode: Convert result to this mode
+    :return: ``graylevel, (graylevel, alpha) or (red, green, blue[, alpha])``
+    """
+    # same as getrgb, but converts the result to the given mode
+    rgb, alpha = getrgb(color), 255
+    if len(rgb) == 4:
+        alpha = rgb[3]
+        rgb = rgb[:3]
+
+    if mode == "HSV":
+        from colorsys import rgb_to_hsv
+
+        r, g, b = rgb
+        h, s, v = rgb_to_hsv(r / 255, g / 255, b / 255)
+        return int(h * 255), int(s * 255), int(v * 255)
+    elif Image.getmodebase(mode) == "L":
+        r, g, b = rgb
+        # ITU-R Recommendation 601-2 for nonlinear RGB
+        # scaled to 24 bits to match the convert's implementation.
+        graylevel = (r * 19595 + g * 38470 + b * 7471 + 0x8000) >> 16
+        if mode[-1] == "A":
+            return graylevel, alpha
+        return graylevel
+    elif mode[-1] == "A":
+        return rgb + (alpha,)
+    return rgb
+
+
+colormap: dict[str, str | tuple[int, int, int]] = {
+    # X11 colour table from https://drafts.csswg.org/css-color-4/, with
+    # gray/grey spelling issues fixed.  This is a superset of HTML 4.0
+    # colour names used in CSS 1.
+    "aliceblue": "#f0f8ff",
+    "antiquewhite": "#faebd7",
+    "aqua": "#00ffff",
+    "aquamarine": "#7fffd4",
+    "azure": "#f0ffff",
+    "beige": "#f5f5dc",
+    "bisque": "#ffe4c4",
+    "black": "#000000",
+    "blanchedalmond": "#ffebcd",
+    "blue": "#0000ff",
+    "blueviolet": "#8a2be2",
+    "brown": "#a52a2a",
+    "burlywood": "#deb887",
+    "cadetblue": "#5f9ea0",
+    "chartreuse": "#7fff00",
+    "chocolate": "#d2691e",
+    "coral": "#ff7f50",
+    "cornflowerblue": "#6495ed",
+    "cornsilk": "#fff8dc",
+    "crimson": "#dc143c",
+    "cyan": "#00ffff",
+    "darkblue": "#00008b",
+    "darkcyan": "#008b8b",
+    "darkgoldenrod": "#b8860b",
+    "darkgray": "#a9a9a9",
+    "darkgrey": "#a9a9a9",
+    "darkgreen": "#006400",
+    "darkkhaki": "#bdb76b",
+    "darkmagenta": "#8b008b",
+    "darkolivegreen": "#556b2f",
+    "darkorange": "#ff8c00",
+    "darkorchid": "#9932cc",
+    "darkred": "#8b0000",
+    "darksalmon": "#e9967a",
+    "darkseagreen": "#8fbc8f",
+    "darkslateblue": "#483d8b",
+    "darkslategray": "#2f4f4f",
+    "darkslategrey": "#2f4f4f",
+    "darkturquoise": "#00ced1",
+    "darkviolet": "#9400d3",
+    "deeppink": "#ff1493",
+    "deepskyblue": "#00bfff",
+    "dimgray": "#696969",
+    "dimgrey": "#696969",
+    "dodgerblue": "#1e90ff",
+    "firebrick": "#b22222",
+    "floralwhite": "#fffaf0",
+    "forestgreen": "#228b22",
+    "fuchsia": "#ff00ff",
+    "gainsboro": "#dcdcdc",
+    "ghostwhite": "#f8f8ff",
+    "gold": "#ffd700",
+    "goldenrod": "#daa520",
+    "gray": "#808080",
+    "grey": "#808080",
+    "green": "#008000",
+    "greenyellow": "#adff2f",
+    "honeydew": "#f0fff0",
+    "hotpink": "#ff69b4",
+    "indianred": "#cd5c5c",
+    "indigo": "#4b0082",
+    "ivory": "#fffff0",
+    "khaki": "#f0e68c",
+    "lavender": "#e6e6fa",
+    "lavenderblush": "#fff0f5",
+    "lawngreen": "#7cfc00",
+    "lemonchiffon": "#fffacd",
+    "lightblue": "#add8e6",
+    "lightcoral": "#f08080",
+    "lightcyan": "#e0ffff",
+    "lightgoldenrodyellow": "#fafad2",
+    "lightgreen": "#90ee90",
+    "lightgray": "#d3d3d3",
+    "lightgrey": "#d3d3d3",
+    "lightpink": "#ffb6c1",
+    "lightsalmon": "#ffa07a",
+    "lightseagreen": "#20b2aa",
+    "lightskyblue": "#87cefa",
+    "lightslategray": "#778899",
+    "lightslategrey": "#778899",
+    "lightsteelblue": "#b0c4de",
+    "lightyellow": "#ffffe0",
+    "lime": "#00ff00",
+    "limegreen": "#32cd32",
+    "linen": "#faf0e6",
+    "magenta": "#ff00ff",
+    "maroon": "#800000",
+    "mediumaquamarine": "#66cdaa",
+    "mediumblue": "#0000cd",
+    "mediumorchid": "#ba55d3",
+    "mediumpurple": "#9370db",
+    "mediumseagreen": "#3cb371",
+    "mediumslateblue": "#7b68ee",
+    "mediumspringgreen": "#00fa9a",
+    "mediumturquoise": "#48d1cc",
+    "mediumvioletred": "#c71585",
+    "midnightblue": "#191970",
+    "mintcream": "#f5fffa",
+    "mistyrose": "#ffe4e1",
+    "moccasin": "#ffe4b5",
+    "navajowhite": "#ffdead",
+    "navy": "#000080",
+    "oldlace": "#fdf5e6",
+    "olive": "#808000",
+    "olivedrab": "#6b8e23",
+    "orange": "#ffa500",
+    "orangered": "#ff4500",
+    "orchid": "#da70d6",
+    "palegoldenrod": "#eee8aa",
+    "palegreen": "#98fb98",
+    "paleturquoise": "#afeeee",
+    "palevioletred": "#db7093",
+    "papayawhip": "#ffefd5",
+    "peachpuff": "#ffdab9",
+    "peru": "#cd853f",
+    "pink": "#ffc0cb",
+    "plum": "#dda0dd",
+    "powderblue": "#b0e0e6",
+    "purple": "#800080",
+    "rebeccapurple": "#663399",
+    "red": "#ff0000",
+    "rosybrown": "#bc8f8f",
+    "royalblue": "#4169e1",
+    "saddlebrown": "#8b4513",
+    "salmon": "#fa8072",
+    "sandybrown": "#f4a460",
+    "seagreen": "#2e8b57",
+    "seashell": "#fff5ee",
+    "sienna": "#a0522d",
+    "silver": "#c0c0c0",
+    "skyblue": "#87ceeb",
+    "slateblue": "#6a5acd",
+    "slategray": "#708090",
+    "slategrey": "#708090",
+    "snow": "#fffafa",
+    "springgreen": "#00ff7f",
+    "steelblue": "#4682b4",
+    "tan": "#d2b48c",
+    "teal": "#008080",
+    "thistle": "#d8bfd8",
+    "tomato": "#ff6347",
+    "turquoise": "#40e0d0",
+    "violet": "#ee82ee",
+    "wheat": "#f5deb3",
+    "white": "#ffffff",
+    "whitesmoke": "#f5f5f5",
+    "yellow": "#ffff00",
+    "yellowgreen": "#9acd32",
+}

.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/PIL/ImageFile.py

@@ -0,0 +1,926 @@
+#
+# The Python Imaging Library.
+# $Id$
+#
+# base class for image file handlers
+#
+# history:
+# 1995-09-09 fl   Created
+# 1996-03-11 fl   Fixed load mechanism.
+# 1996-04-15 fl   Added pcx/xbm decoders.
+# 1996-04-30 fl   Added encoders.
+# 1996-12-14 fl   Added load helpers
+# 1997-01-11 fl   Use encode_to_file where possible
+# 1997-08-27 fl   Flush output in _save
+# 1998-03-05 fl   Use memory mapping for some modes
+# 1999-02-04 fl   Use memory mapping also for "I;16" and "I;16B"
+# 1999-05-31 fl   Added image parser
+# 2000-10-12 fl   Set readonly flag on memory-mapped images
+# 2002-03-20 fl   Use better messages for common decoder errors
+# 2003-04-21 fl   Fall back on mmap/map_buffer if map is not available
+# 2003-10-30 fl   Added StubImageFile class
+# 2004-02-25 fl   Made incremental parser more robust
+#
+# Copyright (c) 1997-2004 by Secret Labs AB
+# Copyright (c) 1995-2004 by Fredrik Lundh
+#
+# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
+#
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import abc
+import io
+import itertools
+import logging
+import os
+import struct
+from typing import IO, Any, NamedTuple, cast
+
+from . import ExifTags, Image
+from ._util import DeferredError, is_path
+
+TYPE_CHECKING = False
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from ._typing import StrOrBytesPath
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+MAXBLOCK = 65536
+"""
+By default, Pillow processes image data in blocks. This helps to prevent excessive use
+of resources. Codecs may disable this behaviour with ``_pulls_fd`` or ``_pushes_fd``.
+
+When reading an image, this is the number of bytes to read at once.
+
+When writing an image, this is the number of bytes to write at once.
+If the image width times 4 is greater, then that will be used instead.
+Plugins may also set a greater number.
+
+User code may set this to another number.
+"""
+
+SAFEBLOCK = 1024 * 1024
+
+LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES = False
+"""Whether or not to load truncated image files. User code may change this."""
+
+ERRORS = {
+    -1: "image buffer overrun error",
+    -2: "decoding error",
+    -3: "unknown error",
+    -8: "bad configuration",
+    -9: "out of memory error",
+}
+"""
+Dict of known error codes returned from :meth:`.PyDecoder.decode`,
+:meth:`.PyEncoder.encode` :meth:`.PyEncoder.encode_to_pyfd` and
+:meth:`.PyEncoder.encode_to_file`.
+"""
+
+
+#
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Helpers
+
+
+def _get_oserror(error: int, *, encoder: bool) -> OSError:
+    try:
+        msg = Image.core.getcodecstatus(error)
+    except AttributeError:
+        msg = ERRORS.get(error)
+    if not msg:
+        msg = f"{'encoder' if encoder else 'decoder'} error {error}"
+    msg += f" when {'writing' if encoder else 'reading'} image file"
+    return OSError(msg)
+
+
+def _tilesort(t: _Tile) -> int:
+    # sort on offset
+    return t[2]
+
+
+class _Tile(NamedTuple):
+    codec_name: str
+    extents: tuple[int, int, int, int] | None
+    offset: int = 0
+    args: tuple[Any, ...] | str | None = None
+
+
+#
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------
+# ImageFile base class
+
+
+class ImageFile(Image.Image):
+    """Base class for image file format handlers."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, fp: StrOrBytesPath | IO[bytes], filename: str | bytes | None = None
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__()
+
+        self._min_frame = 0
+
+        self.custom_mimetype: str | None = None
+
+        self.tile: list[_Tile] = []
+        """ A list of tile descriptors """
+
+        self.readonly = 1  # until we know better
+
+        self.decoderconfig: tuple[Any, ...] = ()
+        self.decodermaxblock = MAXBLOCK
+
+        if is_path(fp):
+            # filename
+            self.fp = open(fp, "rb")
+            self.filename = os.fspath(fp)
+            self._exclusive_fp = True
+        else:
+            # stream
+            self.fp = cast(IO[bytes], fp)
+            self.filename = filename if filename is not None else ""
+            # can be overridden
+            self._exclusive_fp = False
+
+        try:
+            try:
+                self._open()
+            except (
+                IndexError,  # end of data
+                TypeError,  # end of data (ord)
+                KeyError,  # unsupported mode
+                EOFError,  # got header but not the first frame
+                struct.error,
+            ) as v:
+                raise SyntaxError(v) from v
+
+            if not self.mode or self.size[0] <= 0 or self.size[1] <= 0:
+                msg = "not identified by this driver"
+                raise SyntaxError(msg)
+        except BaseException:
+            # close the file only if we have opened it this constructor
+            if self._exclusive_fp:
+                self.fp.close()
+            raise
+
+    def _open(self) -> None:
+        pass
+
+    def _close_fp(self):
+        if getattr(self, "_fp", False) and not isinstance(self._fp, DeferredError):
+            if self._fp != self.fp:
+                self._fp.close()
+            self._fp = DeferredError(ValueError("Operation on closed image"))
+        if self.fp:
+            self.fp.close()
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Closes the file pointer, if possible.
+
+        This operation will destroy the image core and release its memory.
+        The image data will be unusable afterward.
+
+        This function is required to close images that have multiple frames or
+        have not had their file read and closed by the
+        :py:meth:`~PIL.Image.Image.load` method. See :ref:`file-handling` for
+        more information.
+        """
+        try:
+            self._close_fp()
+            self.fp = None
+        except Exception as msg:
+            logger.debug("Error closing: %s", msg)
+
+        super().close()
+
+    def get_child_images(self) -> list[ImageFile]:
+        child_images = []
+        exif = self.getexif()
+        ifds = []
+        if ExifTags.Base.SubIFDs in exif:
+            subifd_offsets = exif[ExifTags.Base.SubIFDs]
+            if subifd_offsets:
+                if not isinstance(subifd_offsets, tuple):
+                    subifd_offsets = (subifd_offsets,)
+                for subifd_offset in subifd_offsets:
+                    ifds.append((exif._get_ifd_dict(subifd_offset), subifd_offset))
+        ifd1 = exif.get_ifd(ExifTags.IFD.IFD1)
+        if ifd1 and ifd1.get(ExifTags.Base.JpegIFOffset):
+            assert exif._info is not None
+            ifds.append((ifd1, exif._info.next))
+
+        offset = None
+        for ifd, ifd_offset in ifds:
+            assert self.fp is not None
+            current_offset = self.fp.tell()
+            if offset is None:
+                offset = current_offset
+
+            fp = self.fp
+            if ifd is not None:
+                thumbnail_offset = ifd.get(ExifTags.Base.JpegIFOffset)
+                if thumbnail_offset is not None:
+                    thumbnail_offset += getattr(self, "_exif_offset", 0)
+                    self.fp.seek(thumbnail_offset)
+
+                    length = ifd.get(ExifTags.Base.JpegIFByteCount)
+                    assert isinstance(length, int)
+                    data = self.fp.read(length)
+                    fp = io.BytesIO(data)
+
+            with Image.open(fp) as im:
+                from . import TiffImagePlugin
+
+                if thumbnail_offset is None and isinstance(
+                    im, TiffImagePlugin.TiffImageFile
+                ):
+                    im._frame_pos = [ifd_offset]
+                    im._seek(0)
+                im.load()
+                child_images.append(im)
+
+        if offset is not None:
+            assert self.fp is not None
+            self.fp.seek(offset)
+        return child_images
+
+    def get_format_mimetype(self) -> str | None:
+        if self.custom_mimetype:
+            return self.custom_mimetype
+        if self.format is not None:
+            return Image.MIME.get(self.format.upper())
+        return None
+
+    def __getstate__(self) -> list[Any]:
+        return super().__getstate__() + [self.filename]
+
+    def __setstate__(self, state: list[Any]) -> None:
+        self.tile = []
+        if len(state) > 5:
+            self.filename = state[5]
+        super().__setstate__(state)
+
+    def verify(self) -> None:
+        """Check file integrity"""
+
+        # raise exception if something's wrong.  must be called
+        # directly after open, and closes file when finished.
+        if self._exclusive_fp:
+            self.fp.close()
+        self.fp = None
+
+    def load(self) -> Image.core.PixelAccess | None:
+        """Load image data based on tile list"""
+
+        if not self.tile and self._im is None:
+            msg = "cannot load this image"
+            raise OSError(msg)
+
+        pixel = Image.Image.load(self)
+        if not self.tile:
+            return pixel
+
+        self.map: mmap.mmap | None = None
+        use_mmap = self.filename and len(self.tile) == 1
+
+        readonly = 0
+
+        # look for read/seek overrides
+        if hasattr(self, "load_read"):
+            read = self.load_read
+            # don't use mmap if there are custom read/seek functions
+            use_mmap = False
+        else:
+            read = self.fp.read
+
+        if hasattr(self, "load_seek"):
+            seek = self.load_seek
+            use_mmap = False
+        else:
+            seek = self.fp.seek
+
+        if use_mmap:
+            # try memory mapping
+            decoder_name, extents, offset, args = self.tile[0]
+            if isinstance(args, str):
+                args = (args, 0, 1)
+            if (
+                decoder_name == "raw"
+                and isinstance(args, tuple)
+                and len(args) >= 3
+                and args[0] == self.mode
+                and args[0] in Image._MAPMODES
+            ):
+                if offset < 0:
+                    msg = "Tile offset cannot be negative"
+                    raise ValueError(msg)
+                try:
+                    # use mmap, if possible
+                    import mmap
+
+                    with open(self.filename) as fp:
+                        self.map = mmap.mmap(fp.fileno(), 0, access=mmap.ACCESS_READ)
+                    if offset + self.size[1] * args[1] > self.map.size():
+                        msg = "buffer is not large enough"
+                        raise OSError(msg)
+                    self.im = Image.core.map_buffer(
+                        self.map, self.size, decoder_name, offset, args
+                    )
+                    readonly = 1
+                    # After trashing self.im,
+                    # we might need to reload the palette data.
+                    if self.palette:
+                        self.palette.dirty = 1
+                except (AttributeError, OSError, ImportError):
+                    self.map = None
+
+        self.load_prepare()
+        err_code = -3  # initialize to unknown error
+        if not self.map:
+            # sort tiles in file order
+            self.tile.sort(key=_tilesort)
+
+            # FIXME: This is a hack to handle TIFF's JpegTables tag.
+            prefix = getattr(self, "tile_prefix", b"")
+
+            # Remove consecutive duplicates that only differ by their offset
+            self.tile = [
+                list(tiles)[-1]
+                for _, tiles in itertools.groupby(
+                    self.tile, lambda tile: (tile[0], tile[1], tile[3])
+                )
+            ]
+            for i, (decoder_name, extents, offset, args) in enumerate(self.tile):
+                seek(offset)
+                decoder = Image._getdecoder(
+                    self.mode, decoder_name, args, self.decoderconfig
+                )
+                try:
+                    decoder.setimage(self.im, extents)
+                    if decoder.pulls_fd:
+                        decoder.setfd(self.fp)
+                        err_code = decoder.decode(b"")[1]
+                    else:
+                        b = prefix
+                        while True:
+                            read_bytes = self.decodermaxblock
+                            if i + 1 < len(self.tile):
+                                next_offset = self.tile[i + 1].offset
+                                if next_offset > offset:
+                                    read_bytes = next_offset - offset
+                            try:
+                                s = read(read_bytes)
+                            except (IndexError, struct.error) as e:
+                                # truncated png/gif
+                                if LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:
+                                    break
+                                else:
+                                    msg = "image file is truncated"
+                                    raise OSError(msg) from e
+
+                            if not s:  # truncated jpeg
+                                if LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:
+                                    break
+                                else:
+                                    msg = (
+                                        "image file is truncated "
+                                        f"({len(b)} bytes not processed)"
+                                    )
+                                    raise OSError(msg)
+
+                            b = b + s
+                            n, err_code = decoder.decode(b)
+                            if n < 0:
+                                break
+                            b = b[n:]
+                finally:
+                    # Need to cleanup here to prevent leaks
+                    decoder.cleanup()
+
+        self.tile = []
+        self.readonly = readonly
+
+        self.load_end()
+
+        if self._exclusive_fp and self._close_exclusive_fp_after_loading:
+            self.fp.close()
+        self.fp = None
+
+        if not self.map and not LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES and err_code < 0:
+            # still raised if decoder fails to return anything
+            raise _get_oserror(err_code, encoder=False)
+
+        return Image.Image.load(self)
+
+    def load_prepare(self) -> None:
+        # create image memory if necessary
+        if self._im is None:
+            self.im = Image.core.new(self.mode, self.size)
+        # create palette (optional)
+        if self.mode == "P":
+            Image.Image.load(self)
+
+    def load_end(self) -> None:
+        # may be overridden
+        pass
+
+    # may be defined for contained formats
+    # def load_seek(self, pos: int) -> None:
+    #     pass
+
+    # may be defined for blocked formats (e.g. PNG)
+    # def load_read(self, read_bytes: int) -> bytes:
+    #     pass
+
+    def _seek_check(self, frame: int) -> bool:
+        if (
+            frame < self._min_frame
+            # Only check upper limit on frames if additional seek operations
+            # are not required to do so
+            or (
+                not (hasattr(self, "_n_frames") and self._n_frames is None)
+                and frame >= getattr(self, "n_frames") + self._min_frame
+            )
+        ):
+            msg = "attempt to seek outside sequence"
+            raise EOFError(msg)
+
+        return self.tell() != frame
+
+
+class StubHandler(abc.ABC):
+    def open(self, im: StubImageFile) -> None:
+        pass
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def load(self, im: StubImageFile) -> Image.Image:
+        pass
+
+
+class StubImageFile(ImageFile, metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
+    """
+    Base class for stub image loaders.
+
+    A stub loader is an image loader that can identify files of a
+    certain format, but relies on external code to load the file.
+    """
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def _open(self) -> None:
+        pass
+
+    def load(self) -> Image.core.PixelAccess | None:
+        loader = self._load()
+        if loader is None:
+            msg = f"cannot find loader for this {self.format} file"
+            raise OSError(msg)
+        image = loader.load(self)
+        assert image is not None
+        # become the other object (!)
+        self.__class__ = image.__class__  # type: ignore[assignment]
+        self.__dict__ = image.__dict__
+        return image.load()
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def _load(self) -> StubHandler | None:
+        """(Hook) Find actual image loader."""
+        pass
+
+
+class Parser:
+    """
+    Incremental image parser.  This class implements the standard
+    feed/close consumer interface.
+    """
+
+    incremental = None
+    image: Image.Image | None = None
+    data: bytes | None = None
+    decoder: Image.core.ImagingDecoder | PyDecoder | None = None
+    offset = 0
+    finished = 0
+
+    def reset(self) -> None:
+        """
+        (Consumer) Reset the parser.  Note that you can only call this
+        method immediately after you've created a parser; parser
+        instances cannot be reused.
+        """
+        assert self.data is None, "cannot reuse parsers"
+
+    def feed(self, data: bytes) -> None:
+        """
+        (Consumer) Feed data to the parser.
+
+        :param data: A string buffer.
+        :exception OSError: If the parser failed to parse the image file.
+        """
+        # collect data
+
+        if self.finished:
+            return
+
+        if self.data is None:
+            self.data = data
+        else:
+            self.data = self.data + data
+
+        # parse what we have
+        if self.decoder:
+            if self.offset > 0:
+                # skip header
+                skip = min(len(self.data), self.offset)
+                self.data = self.data[skip:]
+                self.offset = self.offset - skip
+                if self.offset > 0 or not self.data:
+                    return
+
+            n, e = self.decoder.decode(self.data)
+
+            if n < 0:
+                # end of stream
+                self.data = None
+                self.finished = 1
+                if e < 0:
+                    # decoding error
+                    self.image = None
+                    raise _get_oserror(e, encoder=False)
+                else:
+                    # end of image
+                    return
+            self.data = self.data[n:]
+
+        elif self.image:
+            # if we end up here with no decoder, this file cannot
+            # be incrementally parsed.  wait until we've gotten all
+            # available data
+            pass
+
+        else:
+            # attempt to open this file
+            try:
+                with io.BytesIO(self.data) as fp:
+                    im = Image.open(fp)
+            except OSError:
+                pass  # not enough data
+            else:
+                flag = hasattr(im, "load_seek") or hasattr(im, "load_read")
+                if flag or len(im.tile) != 1:
+                    # custom load code, or multiple tiles
+                    self.decode = None
+                else:
+                    # initialize decoder
+                    im.load_prepare()
+                    d, e, o, a = im.tile[0]
+                    im.tile = []
+                    self.decoder = Image._getdecoder(im.mode, d, a, im.decoderconfig)
+                    self.decoder.setimage(im.im, e)
+
+                    # calculate decoder offset
+                    self.offset = o
+                    if self.offset <= len(self.data):
+                        self.data = self.data[self.offset :]
+                        self.offset = 0
+
+                self.image = im
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> Parser:
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, *args: object) -> None:
+        self.close()
+
+    def close(self) -> Image.Image:
+        """
+        (Consumer) Close the stream.
+
+        :returns: An image object.
+        :exception OSError: If the parser failed to parse the image file either
+                            because it cannot be identified or cannot be
+                            decoded.
+        """
+        # finish decoding
+        if self.decoder:
+            # get rid of what's left in the buffers
+            self.feed(b"")
+            self.data = self.decoder = None
+            if not self.finished:
+                msg = "image was incomplete"
+                raise OSError(msg)
+        if not self.image:
+            msg = "cannot parse this image"
+            raise OSError(msg)
+        if self.data:
+            # incremental parsing not possible; reopen the file
+            # not that we have all data
+            with io.BytesIO(self.data) as fp:
+                try:
+                    self.image = Image.open(fp)
+                finally:
+                    self.image.load()
+        return self.image
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def _save(im: Image.Image, fp: IO[bytes], tile: list[_Tile], bufsize: int = 0) -> None:
+    """Helper to save image based on tile list
+
+    :param im: Image object.
+    :param fp: File object.
+    :param tile: Tile list.
+    :param bufsize: Optional buffer size
+    """
+
+    im.load()
+    if not hasattr(im, "encoderconfig"):
+        im.encoderconfig = ()
+    tile.sort(key=_tilesort)
+    # FIXME: make MAXBLOCK a configuration parameter
+    # It would be great if we could have the encoder specify what it needs
+    # But, it would need at least the image size in most cases. RawEncode is
+    # a tricky case.
+    bufsize = max(MAXBLOCK, bufsize, im.size[0] * 4)  # see RawEncode.c
+    try:
+        fh = fp.fileno()
+        fp.flush()
+        _encode_tile(im, fp, tile, bufsize, fh)
+    except (AttributeError, io.UnsupportedOperation) as exc:
+        _encode_tile(im, fp, tile, bufsize, None, exc)
+    if hasattr(fp, "flush"):
+        fp.flush()
+
+
+def _encode_tile(
+    im: Image.Image,
+    fp: IO[bytes],
+    tile: list[_Tile],
+    bufsize: int,
+    fh: int | None,
+    exc: BaseException | None = None,
+) -> None:
+    for encoder_name, extents, offset, args in tile:
+        if offset > 0:
+            fp.seek(offset)
+        encoder = Image._getencoder(im.mode, encoder_name, args, im.encoderconfig)
+        try:
+            encoder.setimage(im.im, extents)
+            if encoder.pushes_fd:
+                encoder.setfd(fp)
+                errcode = encoder.encode_to_pyfd()[1]
+            else:
+                if exc:
+                    # compress to Python file-compatible object
+                    while True:
+                        errcode, data = encoder.encode(bufsize)[1:]
+                        fp.write(data)
+                        if errcode:
+                            break
+                else:
+                    # slight speedup: compress to real file object
+                    assert fh is not None
+                    errcode = encoder.encode_to_file(fh, bufsize)
+            if errcode < 0:
+                raise _get_oserror(errcode, encoder=True) from exc
+        finally:
+            encoder.cleanup()
+
+
+def _safe_read(fp: IO[bytes], size: int) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Reads large blocks in a safe way.  Unlike fp.read(n), this function
+    doesn't trust the user.  If the requested size is larger than
+    SAFEBLOCK, the file is read block by block.
+
+    :param fp: File handle.  Must implement a <b>read</b> method.
+    :param size: Number of bytes to read.
+    :returns: A string containing <i>size</i> bytes of data.
+
+    Raises an OSError if the file is truncated and the read cannot be completed
+
+    """
+    if size <= 0:
+        return b""
+    if size <= SAFEBLOCK:
+        data = fp.read(size)
+        if len(data) < size:
+            msg = "Truncated File Read"
+            raise OSError(msg)
+        return data
+    blocks: list[bytes] = []
+    remaining_size = size
+    while remaining_size > 0:
+        block = fp.read(min(remaining_size, SAFEBLOCK))
+        if not block:
+            break
+        blocks.append(block)
+        remaining_size -= len(block)
+    if sum(len(block) for block in blocks) < size:
+        msg = "Truncated File Read"
+        raise OSError(msg)
+    return b"".join(blocks)
+
+
+class PyCodecState:
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self.xsize = 0
+        self.ysize = 0
+        self.xoff = 0
+        self.yoff = 0
+
+    def extents(self) -> tuple[int, int, int, int]:
+        return self.xoff, self.yoff, self.xoff + self.xsize, self.yoff + self.ysize
+
+
+class PyCodec:
+    fd: IO[bytes] | None
+
+    def __init__(self, mode: str, *args: Any) -> None:
+        self.im: Image.core.ImagingCore | None = None
+        self.state = PyCodecState()
+        self.fd = None
+        self.mode = mode
+        self.init(args)
+
+    def init(self, args: tuple[Any, ...]) -> None:
+        """
+        Override to perform codec specific initialization
+
+        :param args: Tuple of arg items from the tile entry
+        :returns: None
+        """
+        self.args = args
+
+    def cleanup(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Override to perform codec specific cleanup
+
+        :returns: None
+        """
+        pass
+
+    def setfd(self, fd: IO[bytes]) -> None:
+        """
+        Called from ImageFile to set the Python file-like object
+
+        :param fd: A Python file-like object
+        :returns: None
+        """
+        self.fd = fd
+
+    def setimage(
+        self,
+        im: Image.core.ImagingCore,
+        extents: tuple[int, int, int, int] | None = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Called from ImageFile to set the core output image for the codec
+
+        :param im: A core image object
+        :param extents: a 4 tuple of (x0, y0, x1, y1) defining the rectangle
+            for this tile
+        :returns: None
+        """
+
+        # following c code
+        self.im = im
+
+        if extents:
+            (x0, y0, x1, y1) = extents
+        else:
+            (x0, y0, x1, y1) = (0, 0, 0, 0)
+
+        if x0 == 0 and x1 == 0:
+            self.state.xsize, self.state.ysize = self.im.size
+        else:
+            self.state.xoff = x0
+            self.state.yoff = y0
+            self.state.xsize = x1 - x0
+            self.state.ysize = y1 - y0
+
+        if self.state.xsize <= 0 or self.state.ysize <= 0:
+            msg = "Size cannot be negative"
+            raise ValueError(msg)
+
+        if (
+            self.state.xsize + self.state.xoff > self.im.size[0]
+            or self.state.ysize + self.state.yoff > self.im.size[1]
+        ):
+            msg = "Tile cannot extend outside image"
+            raise ValueError(msg)
+
+
+class PyDecoder(PyCodec):
+    """
+    Python implementation of a format decoder. Override this class and
+    add the decoding logic in the :meth:`decode` method.
+
+    See :ref:`Writing Your Own File Codec in Python<file-codecs-py>`
+    """
+
+    _pulls_fd = False
+
+    @property
+    def pulls_fd(self) -> bool:
+        return self._pulls_fd
+
+    def decode(self, buffer: bytes | Image.SupportsArrayInterface) -> tuple[int, int]:
+        """
+        Override to perform the decoding process.
+
+        :param buffer: A bytes object with the data to be decoded.
+        :returns: A tuple of ``(bytes consumed, errcode)``.
+            If finished with decoding return -1 for the bytes consumed.
+            Err codes are from :data:`.ImageFile.ERRORS`.
+        """
+        msg = "unavailable in base decoder"
+        raise NotImplementedError(msg)
+
+    def set_as_raw(
+        self, data: bytes, rawmode: str | None = None, extra: tuple[Any, ...] = ()
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Convenience method to set the internal image from a stream of raw data
+
+        :param data: Bytes to be set
+        :param rawmode: The rawmode to be used for the decoder.
+            If not specified, it will default to the mode of the image
+        :param extra: Extra arguments for the decoder.
+        :returns: None
+        """
+
+        if not rawmode:
+            rawmode = self.mode
+        d = Image._getdecoder(self.mode, "raw", rawmode, extra)
+        assert self.im is not None
+        d.setimage(self.im, self.state.extents())
+        s = d.decode(data)
+
+        if s[0] >= 0:
+            msg = "not enough image data"
+            raise ValueError(msg)
+        if s[1] != 0:
+            msg = "cannot decode image data"
+            raise ValueError(msg)
+
+
+class PyEncoder(PyCodec):
+    """
+    Python implementation of a format encoder. Override this class and
+    add the decoding logic in the :meth:`encode` method.
+
+    See :ref:`Writing Your Own File Codec in Python<file-codecs-py>`
+    """
+
+    _pushes_fd = False
+
+    @property
+    def pushes_fd(self) -> bool:
+        return self._pushes_fd
+
+    def encode(self, bufsize: int) -> tuple[int, int, bytes]:
+        """
+        Override to perform the encoding process.
+
+        :param bufsize: Buffer size.
+        :returns: A tuple of ``(bytes encoded, errcode, bytes)``.
+            If finished with encoding return 1 for the error code.
+            Err codes are from :data:`.ImageFile.ERRORS`.
+        """
+        msg = "unavailable in base encoder"
+        raise NotImplementedError(msg)
+
+    def encode_to_pyfd(self) -> tuple[int, int]:
+        """
+        If ``pushes_fd`` is ``True``, then this method will be used,
+        and ``encode()`` will only be called once.
+
+        :returns: A tuple of ``(bytes consumed, errcode)``.
+            Err codes are from :data:`.ImageFile.ERRORS`.
+        """
+        if not self.pushes_fd:
+            return 0, -8  # bad configuration
+        bytes_consumed, errcode, data = self.encode(0)
+        if data:
+            assert self.fd is not None
+            self.fd.write(data)
+        return bytes_consumed, errcode
+
+    def encode_to_file(self, fh: int, bufsize: int) -> int:
+        """
+        :param fh: File handle.
+        :param bufsize: Buffer size.
+
+        :returns: If finished successfully, return 0.
+            Otherwise, return an error code. Err codes are from
+            :data:`.ImageFile.ERRORS`.
+        """
+        errcode = 0
+        while errcode == 0:
+            status, errcode, buf = self.encode(bufsize)
+            if status > 0:
+                os.write(fh, buf[status:])
+        return errcode

.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/PIL/ImageFont.py

@@ -0,0 +1,1312 @@
+#
+# The Python Imaging Library.
+# $Id$
+#
+# PIL raster font management
+#
+# History:
+# 1996-08-07 fl   created (experimental)
+# 1997-08-25 fl   minor adjustments to handle fonts from pilfont 0.3
+# 1999-02-06 fl   rewrote most font management stuff in C
+# 1999-03-17 fl   take pth files into account in load_path (from Richard Jones)
+# 2001-02-17 fl   added freetype support
+# 2001-05-09 fl   added TransposedFont wrapper class
+# 2002-03-04 fl   make sure we have a "L" or "1" font
+# 2002-12-04 fl   skip non-directory entries in the system path
+# 2003-04-29 fl   add embedded default font
+# 2003-09-27 fl   added support for truetype charmap encodings
+#
+# Todo:
+# Adapt to PILFONT2 format (16-bit fonts, compressed, single file)
+#
+# Copyright (c) 1997-2003 by Secret Labs AB
+# Copyright (c) 1996-2003 by Fredrik Lundh
+#
+# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
+#
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import base64
+import os
+import sys
+import warnings
+from enum import IntEnum
+from io import BytesIO
+from types import ModuleType
+from typing import IO, Any, BinaryIO, TypedDict, cast
+
+from . import Image
+from ._typing import StrOrBytesPath
+from ._util import DeferredError, is_path
+
+TYPE_CHECKING = False
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from . import ImageFile
+    from ._imaging import ImagingFont
+    from ._imagingft import Font
+
+
+class Axis(TypedDict):
+    minimum: int | None
+    default: int | None
+    maximum: int | None
+    name: bytes | None
+
+
+class Layout(IntEnum):
+    BASIC = 0
+    RAQM = 1
+
+
+MAX_STRING_LENGTH = 1_000_000
+
+
+core: ModuleType | DeferredError
+try:
+    from . import _imagingft as core
+except ImportError as ex:
+    core = DeferredError.new(ex)
+
+
+def _string_length_check(text: str | bytes | bytearray) -> None:
+    if MAX_STRING_LENGTH is not None and len(text) > MAX_STRING_LENGTH:
+        msg = "too many characters in string"
+        raise ValueError(msg)
+
+
+# FIXME: add support for pilfont2 format (see FontFile.py)
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Font metrics format:
+#       "PILfont" LF
+#       fontdescriptor LF
+#       (optional) key=value... LF
+#       "DATA" LF
+#       binary data: 256*10*2 bytes (dx, dy, dstbox, srcbox)
+#
+# To place a character, cut out srcbox and paste at dstbox,
+# relative to the character position.  Then move the character
+# position according to dx, dy.
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class ImageFont:
+    """PIL font wrapper"""
+
+    font: ImagingFont
+
+    def _load_pilfont(self, filename: str) -> None:
+        with open(filename, "rb") as fp:
+            image: ImageFile.ImageFile | None = None
+            root = os.path.splitext(filename)[0]
+
+            for ext in (".png", ".gif", ".pbm"):
+                if image:
+                    image.close()
+                try:
+                    fullname = root + ext
+                    image = Image.open(fullname)
+                except Exception:
+                    pass
+                else:
+                    if image and image.mode in ("1", "L"):
+                        break
+            else:
+                if image:
+                    image.close()
+
+                msg = f"cannot find glyph data file {root}.{{gif|pbm|png}}"
+                raise OSError(msg)
+
+            self.file = fullname
+
+            self._load_pilfont_data(fp, image)
+            image.close()
+
+    def _load_pilfont_data(self, file: IO[bytes], image: Image.Image) -> None:
+        # check image
+        if image.mode not in ("1", "L"):
+            msg = "invalid font image mode"
+            raise TypeError(msg)
+
+        # read PILfont header
+        if file.read(8) != b"PILfont\n":
+            msg = "Not a PILfont file"
+            raise SyntaxError(msg)
+        file.readline()
+        self.info = []  # FIXME: should be a dictionary
+        while True:
+            s = file.readline()
+            if not s or s == b"DATA\n":
+                break
+            self.info.append(s)
+
+        # read PILfont metrics
+        data = file.read(256 * 20)
+
+        image.load()
+
+        self.font = Image.core.font(image.im, data)
+
+    def getmask(
+        self, text: str | bytes, mode: str = "", *args: Any, **kwargs: Any
+    ) -> Image.core.ImagingCore:
+        """
+        Create a bitmap for the text.
+
+        If the font uses antialiasing, the bitmap should have mode ``L`` and use a
+        maximum value of 255. Otherwise, it should have mode ``1``.
+
+        :param text: Text to render.
+        :param mode: Used by some graphics drivers to indicate what mode the
+                     driver prefers; if empty, the renderer may return either
+                     mode. Note that the mode is always a string, to simplify
+                     C-level implementations.
+
+                     .. versionadded:: 1.1.5
+
+        :return: An internal PIL storage memory instance as defined by the
+                 :py:mod:`PIL.Image.core` interface module.
+        """
+        _string_length_check(text)
+        Image._decompression_bomb_check(self.font.getsize(text))
+        return self.font.getmask(text, mode)
+
+    def getbbox(
+        self, text: str | bytes | bytearray, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any
+    ) -> tuple[int, int, int, int]:
+        """
+        Returns bounding box (in pixels) of given text.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 9.2.0
+
+        :param text: Text to render.
+
+        :return: ``(left, top, right, bottom)`` bounding box
+        """
+        _string_length_check(text)
+        width, height = self.font.getsize(text)
+        return 0, 0, width, height
+
+    def getlength(
+        self, text: str | bytes | bytearray, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any
+    ) -> int:
+        """
+        Returns length (in pixels) of given text.
+        This is the amount by which following text should be offset.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 9.2.0
+        """
+        _string_length_check(text)
+        width, height = self.font.getsize(text)
+        return width
+
+
+##
+# Wrapper for FreeType fonts.  Application code should use the
+# <b>truetype</b> factory function to create font objects.
+
+
+class FreeTypeFont:
+    """FreeType font wrapper (requires _imagingft service)"""
+
+    font: Font
+    font_bytes: bytes
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        font: StrOrBytesPath | BinaryIO,
+        size: float = 10,
+        index: int = 0,
+        encoding: str = "",
+        layout_engine: Layout | None = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        # FIXME: use service provider instead
+
+        if isinstance(core, DeferredError):
+            raise core.ex
+
+        if size <= 0:
+            msg = f"font size must be greater than 0, not {size}"
+            raise ValueError(msg)
+
+        self.path = font
+        self.size = size
+        self.index = index
+        self.encoding = encoding
+
+        if layout_engine not in (Layout.BASIC, Layout.RAQM):
+            layout_engine = Layout.BASIC
+            if core.HAVE_RAQM:
+                layout_engine = Layout.RAQM
+        elif layout_engine == Layout.RAQM and not core.HAVE_RAQM:
+            warnings.warn(
+                "Raqm layout was requested, but Raqm is not available. "
+                "Falling back to basic layout."
+            )
+            layout_engine = Layout.BASIC
+
+        self.layout_engine = layout_engine
+
+        def load_from_bytes(f: IO[bytes]) -> None:
+            self.font_bytes = f.read()
+            self.font = core.getfont(
+                "", size, index, encoding, self.font_bytes, layout_engine
+            )
+
+        if is_path(font):
+            font = os.fspath(font)
+            if sys.platform == "win32":
+                font_bytes_path = font if isinstance(font, bytes) else font.encode()
+                try:
+                    font_bytes_path.decode("ascii")
+                except UnicodeDecodeError:
+                    # FreeType cannot load fonts with non-ASCII characters on Windows
+                    # So load it into memory first
+                    with open(font, "rb") as f:
+                        load_from_bytes(f)
+                    return
+            self.font = core.getfont(
+                font, size, index, encoding, layout_engine=layout_engine
+            )
+        else:
+            load_from_bytes(cast(IO[bytes], font))
+
+    def __getstate__(self) -> list[Any]:
+        return [self.path, self.size, self.index, self.encoding, self.layout_engine]
+
+    def __setstate__(self, state: list[Any]) -> None:
+        path, size, index, encoding, layout_engine = state
+        FreeTypeFont.__init__(self, path, size, index, encoding, layout_engine)
+
+    def getname(self) -> tuple[str | None, str | None]:
+        """
+        :return: A tuple of the font family (e.g. Helvetica) and the font style
+            (e.g. Bold)
+        """
+        return self.font.family, self.font.style
+
+    def getmetrics(self) -> tuple[int, int]:
+        """
+        :return: A tuple of the font ascent (the distance from the baseline to
+            the highest outline point) and descent (the distance from the
+            baseline to the lowest outline point, a negative value)
+        """
+        return self.font.ascent, self.font.descent
+
+    def getlength(
+        self,
+        text: str | bytes,
+        mode: str = "",
+        direction: str | None = None,
+        features: list[str] | None = None,
+        language: str | None = None,
+    ) -> float:
+        """
+        Returns length (in pixels with 1/64 precision) of given text when rendered
+        in font with provided direction, features, and language.
+
+        This is the amount by which following text should be offset.
+        Text bounding box may extend past the length in some fonts,
+        e.g. when using italics or accents.
+
+        The result is returned as a float; it is a whole number if using basic layout.
+
+        Note that the sum of two lengths may not equal the length of a concatenated
+        string due to kerning. If you need to adjust for kerning, include the following
+        character and subtract its length.
+
+        For example, instead of ::
+
+          hello = font.getlength("Hello")
+          world = font.getlength("World")
+          hello_world = hello + world  # not adjusted for kerning
+          assert hello_world == font.getlength("HelloWorld")  # may fail
+
+        use ::
+
+          hello = font.getlength("HelloW") - font.getlength("W")  # adjusted for kerning
+          world = font.getlength("World")
+          hello_world = hello + world  # adjusted for kerning
+          assert hello_world == font.getlength("HelloWorld")  # True
+
+        or disable kerning with (requires libraqm) ::
+
+          hello = draw.textlength("Hello", font, features=["-kern"])
+          world = draw.textlength("World", font, features=["-kern"])
+          hello_world = hello + world  # kerning is disabled, no need to adjust
+          assert hello_world == draw.textlength("HelloWorld", font, features=["-kern"])
+
+        .. versionadded:: 8.0.0
+
+        :param text: Text to measure.
+        :param mode: Used by some graphics drivers to indicate what mode the
+                     driver prefers; if empty, the renderer may return either
+                     mode. Note that the mode is always a string, to simplify
+                     C-level implementations.
+
+        :param direction: Direction of the text. It can be 'rtl' (right to
+                          left), 'ltr' (left to right) or 'ttb' (top to bottom).
+                          Requires libraqm.
+
+        :param features: A list of OpenType font features to be used during text
+                         layout. This is usually used to turn on optional
+                         font features that are not enabled by default,
+                         for example 'dlig' or 'ss01', but can be also
+                         used to turn off default font features for
+                         example '-liga' to disable ligatures or '-kern'
+                         to disable kerning.  To get all supported
+                         features, see
+                         https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/typography/opentype/spec/featurelist
+                         Requires libraqm.
+
+        :param language: Language of the text. Different languages may use
+                         different glyph shapes or ligatures. This parameter tells
+                         the font which language the text is in, and to apply the
+                         correct substitutions as appropriate, if available.
+                         It should be a `BCP 47 language code
+                         <https://www.w3.org/International/articles/language-tags/>`_
+                         Requires libraqm.
+
+        :return: Either width for horizontal text, or height for vertical text.
+        """
+        _string_length_check(text)
+        return self.font.getlength(text, mode, direction, features, language) / 64
+
+    def getbbox(
+        self,
+        text: str | bytes,
+        mode: str = "",
+        direction: str | None = None,
+        features: list[str] | None = None,
+        language: str | None = None,
+        stroke_width: float = 0,
+        anchor: str | None = None,
+    ) -> tuple[float, float, float, float]:
+        """
+        Returns bounding box (in pixels) of given text relative to given anchor
+        when rendered in font with provided direction, features, and language.
+
+        Use :py:meth:`getlength()` to get the offset of following text with
+        1/64 pixel precision. The bounding box includes extra margins for
+        some fonts, e.g. italics or accents.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 8.0.0
+
+        :param text: Text to render.
+        :param mode: Used by some graphics drivers to indicate what mode the
+                     driver prefers; if empty, the renderer may return either
+                     mode. Note that the mode is always a string, to simplify
+                     C-level implementations.
+
+        :param direction: Direction of the text. It can be 'rtl' (right to
+                          left), 'ltr' (left to right) or 'ttb' (top to bottom).
+                          Requires libraqm.
+
+        :param features: A list of OpenType font features to be used during text
+                         layout. This is usually used to turn on optional
+                         font features that are not enabled by default,
+                         for example 'dlig' or 'ss01', but can be also
+                         used to turn off default font features for
+                         example '-liga' to disable ligatures or '-kern'
+                         to disable kerning.  To get all supported
+                         features, see
+                         https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/typography/opentype/spec/featurelist
+                         Requires libraqm.
+
+        :param language: Language of the text. Different languages may use
+                         different glyph shapes or ligatures. This parameter tells
+                         the font which language the text is in, and to apply the
+                         correct substitutions as appropriate, if available.
+                         It should be a `BCP 47 language code
+                         <https://www.w3.org/International/articles/language-tags/>`_
+                         Requires libraqm.
+
+        :param stroke_width: The width of the text stroke.
+
+        :param anchor:  The text anchor alignment. Determines the relative location of
+                        the anchor to the text. The default alignment is top left,
+                        specifically ``la`` for horizontal text and ``lt`` for
+                        vertical text. See :ref:`text-anchors` for details.
+
+        :return: ``(left, top, right, bottom)`` bounding box
+        """
+        _string_length_check(text)
+        size, offset = self.font.getsize(
+            text, mode, direction, features, language, anchor
+        )
+        left, top = offset[0] - stroke_width, offset[1] - stroke_width
+        width, height = size[0] + 2 * stroke_width, size[1] + 2 * stroke_width
+        return left, top, left + width, top + height
+
+    def getmask(
+        self,
+        text: str | bytes,
+        mode: str = "",
+        direction: str | None = None,
+        features: list[str] | None = None,
+        language: str | None = None,
+        stroke_width: float = 0,
+        anchor: str | None = None,
+        ink: int = 0,
+        start: tuple[float, float] | None = None,
+    ) -> Image.core.ImagingCore:
+        """
+        Create a bitmap for the text.
+
+        If the font uses antialiasing, the bitmap should have mode ``L`` and use a
+        maximum value of 255. If the font has embedded color data, the bitmap
+        should have mode ``RGBA``. Otherwise, it should have mode ``1``.
+
+        :param text: Text to render.
+        :param mode: Used by some graphics drivers to indicate what mode the
+                     driver prefers; if empty, the renderer may return either
+                     mode. Note that the mode is always a string, to simplify
+                     C-level implementations.
+
+                     .. versionadded:: 1.1.5
+
+        :param direction: Direction of the text. It can be 'rtl' (right to
+                          left), 'ltr' (left to right) or 'ttb' (top to bottom).
+                          Requires libraqm.
+
+                          .. versionadded:: 4.2.0
+
+        :param features: A list of OpenType font features to be used during text
+                         layout. This is usually used to turn on optional
+                         font features that are not enabled by default,
+                         for example 'dlig' or 'ss01', but can be also
+                         used to turn off default font features for
+                         example '-liga' to disable ligatures or '-kern'
+                         to disable kerning.  To get all supported
+                         features, see
+                         https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/typography/opentype/spec/featurelist
+                         Requires libraqm.
+
+                         .. versionadded:: 4.2.0
+
+        :param language: Language of the text. Different languages may use
+                         different glyph shapes or ligatures. This parameter tells
+                         the font which language the text is in, and to apply the
+                         correct substitutions as appropriate, if available.
+                         It should be a `BCP 47 language code
+                         <https://www.w3.org/International/articles/language-tags/>`_
+                         Requires libraqm.
+
+                         .. versionadded:: 6.0.0
+
+        :param stroke_width: The width of the text stroke.
+
+                         .. versionadded:: 6.2.0
+
+        :param anchor:  The text anchor alignment. Determines the relative location of
+                        the anchor to the text. The default alignment is top left,
+                        specifically ``la`` for horizontal text and ``lt`` for
+                        vertical text. See :ref:`text-anchors` for details.
+
+                         .. versionadded:: 8.0.0
+
+        :param ink: Foreground ink for rendering in RGBA mode.
+
+                         .. versionadded:: 8.0.0
+
+        :param start: Tuple of horizontal and vertical offset, as text may render
+                      differently when starting at fractional coordinates.
+
+                         .. versionadded:: 9.4.0
+
+        :return: An internal PIL storage memory instance as defined by the
+                 :py:mod:`PIL.Image.core` interface module.
+        """
+        return self.getmask2(
+            text,
+            mode,
+            direction=direction,
+            features=features,
+            language=language,
+            stroke_width=stroke_width,
+            anchor=anchor,
+            ink=ink,
+            start=start,
+        )[0]
+
+    def getmask2(
+        self,
+        text: str | bytes,
+        mode: str = "",
+        direction: str | None = None,
+        features: list[str] | None = None,
+        language: str | None = None,
+        stroke_width: float = 0,
+        anchor: str | None = None,
+        ink: int = 0,
+        start: tuple[float, float] | None = None,
+        *args: Any,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> tuple[Image.core.ImagingCore, tuple[int, int]]:
+        """
+        Create a bitmap for the text.
+
+        If the font uses antialiasing, the bitmap should have mode ``L`` and use a
+        maximum value of 255. If the font has embedded color data, the bitmap
+        should have mode ``RGBA``. Otherwise, it should have mode ``1``.
+
+        :param text: Text to render.
+        :param mode: Used by some graphics drivers to indicate what mode the
+                     driver prefers; if empty, the renderer may return either
+                     mode. Note that the mode is always a string, to simplify
+                     C-level implementations.
+
+                     .. versionadded:: 1.1.5
+
+        :param direction: Direction of the text. It can be 'rtl' (right to
+                          left), 'ltr' (left to right) or 'ttb' (top to bottom).
+                          Requires libraqm.
+
+                          .. versionadded:: 4.2.0
+
+        :param features: A list of OpenType font features to be used during text
+                         layout. This is usually used to turn on optional
+                         font features that are not enabled by default,
+                         for example 'dlig' or 'ss01', but can be also
+                         used to turn off default font features for
+                         example '-liga' to disable ligatures or '-kern'
+                         to disable kerning.  To get all supported
+                         features, see
+                         https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/typography/opentype/spec/featurelist
+                         Requires libraqm.
+
+                         .. versionadded:: 4.2.0
+
+        :param language: Language of the text. Different languages may use
+                         different glyph shapes or ligatures. This parameter tells
+                         the font which language the text is in, and to apply the
+                         correct substitutions as appropriate, if available.
+                         It should be a `BCP 47 language code
+                         <https://www.w3.org/International/articles/language-tags/>`_
+                         Requires libraqm.
+
+                         .. versionadded:: 6.0.0
+
+        :param stroke_width: The width of the text stroke.
+
+                         .. versionadded:: 6.2.0
+
+        :param anchor:  The text anchor alignment. Determines the relative location of
+                        the anchor to the text. The default alignment is top left,
+                        specifically ``la`` for horizontal text and ``lt`` for
+                        vertical text. See :ref:`text-anchors` for details.
+
+                         .. versionadded:: 8.0.0
+
+        :param ink: Foreground ink for rendering in RGBA mode.
+
+                         .. versionadded:: 8.0.0
+
+        :param start: Tuple of horizontal and vertical offset, as text may render
+                      differently when starting at fractional coordinates.
+
+                         .. versionadded:: 9.4.0
+
+        :return: A tuple of an internal PIL storage memory instance as defined by the
+                 :py:mod:`PIL.Image.core` interface module, and the text offset, the
+                 gap between the starting coordinate and the first marking
+        """
+        _string_length_check(text)
+        if start is None:
+            start = (0, 0)
+
+        def fill(width: int, height: int) -> Image.core.ImagingCore:
+            size = (width, height)
+            Image._decompression_bomb_check(size)
+            return Image.core.fill("RGBA" if mode == "RGBA" else "L", size)
+
+        return self.font.render(
+            text,
+            fill,
+            mode,
+            direction,
+            features,
+            language,
+            stroke_width,
+            kwargs.get("stroke_filled", False),
+            anchor,
+            ink,
+            start,
+        )
+
+    def font_variant(
+        self,
+        font: StrOrBytesPath | BinaryIO | None = None,
+        size: float | None = None,
+        index: int | None = None,
+        encoding: str | None = None,
+        layout_engine: Layout | None = None,
+    ) -> FreeTypeFont:
+        """
+        Create a copy of this FreeTypeFont object,
+        using any specified arguments to override the settings.
+
+        Parameters are identical to the parameters used to initialize this
+        object.
+
+        :return: A FreeTypeFont object.
+        """
+        if font is None:
+            try:
+                font = BytesIO(self.font_bytes)
+            except AttributeError:
+                font = self.path
+        return FreeTypeFont(
+            font=font,
+            size=self.size if size is None else size,
+            index=self.index if index is None else index,
+            encoding=self.encoding if encoding is None else encoding,
+            layout_engine=layout_engine or self.layout_engine,
+        )
+
+    def get_variation_names(self) -> list[bytes]:
+        """
+        :returns: A list of the named styles in a variation font.
+        :exception OSError: If the font is not a variation font.
+        """
+        names = self.font.getvarnames()
+        return [name.replace(b"\x00", b"") for name in names]
+
+    def set_variation_by_name(self, name: str | bytes) -> None:
+        """
+        :param name: The name of the style.
+        :exception OSError: If the font is not a variation font.
+        """
+        names = self.get_variation_names()
+        if not isinstance(name, bytes):
+            name = name.encode()
+        index = names.index(name) + 1
+
+        if index == getattr(self, "_last_variation_index", None):
+            # When the same name is set twice in a row,
+            # there is an 'unknown freetype error'
+            # https://savannah.nongnu.org/bugs/?56186
+            return
+        self._last_variation_index = index
+
+        self.font.setvarname(index)
+
+    def get_variation_axes(self) -> list[Axis]:
+        """
+        :returns: A list of the axes in a variation font.
+        :exception OSError: If the font is not a variation font.
+        """
+        axes = self.font.getvaraxes()
+        for axis in axes:
+            if axis["name"]:
+                axis["name"] = axis["name"].replace(b"\x00", b"")
+        return axes
+
+    def set_variation_by_axes(self, axes: list[float]) -> None:
+        """
+        :param axes: A list of values for each axis.
+        :exception OSError: If the font is not a variation font.
+        """
+        self.font.setvaraxes(axes)
+
+
+class TransposedFont:
+    """Wrapper for writing rotated or mirrored text"""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, font: ImageFont | FreeTypeFont, orientation: Image.Transpose | None = None
+    ):
+        """
+        Wrapper that creates a transposed font from any existing font
+        object.
+
+        :param font: A font object.
+        :param orientation: An optional orientation.  If given, this should
+            be one of Image.Transpose.FLIP_LEFT_RIGHT, Image.Transpose.FLIP_TOP_BOTTOM,
+            Image.Transpose.ROTATE_90, Image.Transpose.ROTATE_180, or
+            Image.Transpose.ROTATE_270.
+        """
+        self.font = font
+        self.orientation = orientation  # any 'transpose' argument, or None
+
+    def getmask(
+        self, text: str | bytes, mode: str = "", *args: Any, **kwargs: Any
+    ) -> Image.core.ImagingCore:
+        im = self.font.getmask(text, mode, *args, **kwargs)
+        if self.orientation is not None:
+            return im.transpose(self.orientation)
+        return im
+
+    def getbbox(
+        self, text: str | bytes, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any
+    ) -> tuple[int, int, float, float]:
+        # TransposedFont doesn't support getmask2, move top-left point to (0, 0)
+        # this has no effect on ImageFont and simulates anchor="lt" for FreeTypeFont
+        left, top, right, bottom = self.font.getbbox(text, *args, **kwargs)
+        width = right - left
+        height = bottom - top
+        if self.orientation in (Image.Transpose.ROTATE_90, Image.Transpose.ROTATE_270):
+            return 0, 0, height, width
+        return 0, 0, width, height
+
+    def getlength(self, text: str | bytes, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> float:
+        if self.orientation in (Image.Transpose.ROTATE_90, Image.Transpose.ROTATE_270):
+            msg = "text length is undefined for text rotated by 90 or 270 degrees"
+            raise ValueError(msg)
+        return self.font.getlength(text, *args, **kwargs)
+
+
+def load(filename: str) -> ImageFont:
+    """
+    Load a font file. This function loads a font object from the given
+    bitmap font file, and returns the corresponding font object. For loading TrueType
+    or OpenType fonts instead, see :py:func:`~PIL.ImageFont.truetype`.
+
+    :param filename: Name of font file.
+    :return: A font object.
+    :exception OSError: If the file could not be read.
+    """
+    f = ImageFont()
+    f._load_pilfont(filename)
+    return f
+
+
+def truetype(
+    font: StrOrBytesPath | BinaryIO,
+    size: float = 10,
+    index: int = 0,
+    encoding: str = "",
+    layout_engine: Layout | None = None,
+) -> FreeTypeFont:
+    """
+    Load a TrueType or OpenType font from a file or file-like object,
+    and create a font object. This function loads a font object from the given
+    file or file-like object, and creates a font object for a font of the given
+    size. For loading bitmap fonts instead, see :py:func:`~PIL.ImageFont.load`
+    and :py:func:`~PIL.ImageFont.load_path`.
+
+    Pillow uses FreeType to open font files. On Windows, be aware that FreeType
+    will keep the file open as long as the FreeTypeFont object exists. Windows
+    limits the number of files that can be open in C at once to 512, so if many
+    fonts are opened simultaneously and that limit is approached, an
+    ``OSError`` may be thrown, reporting that FreeType "cannot open resource".
+    A workaround would be to copy the file(s) into memory, and open that instead.
+
+    This function requires the _imagingft service.
+
+    :param font: A filename or file-like object containing a TrueType font.
+                 If the file is not found in this filename, the loader may also
+                 search in other directories, such as:
+
+                 * The :file:`fonts/` directory on Windows,
+                 * :file:`/Library/Fonts/`, :file:`/System/Library/Fonts/`
+                   and :file:`~/Library/Fonts/` on macOS.
+                 * :file:`~/.local/share/fonts`, :file:`/usr/local/share/fonts`,
+                   and :file:`/usr/share/fonts` on Linux; or those specified by
+                   the ``XDG_DATA_HOME`` and ``XDG_DATA_DIRS`` environment variables
+                   for user-installed and system-wide fonts, respectively.
+
+    :param size: The requested size, in pixels.
+    :param index: Which font face to load (default is first available face).
+    :param encoding: Which font encoding to use (default is Unicode). Possible
+                     encodings include (see the FreeType documentation for more
+                     information):
+
+                     * "unic" (Unicode)
+                     * "symb" (Microsoft Symbol)
+                     * "ADOB" (Adobe Standard)
+                     * "ADBE" (Adobe Expert)
+                     * "ADBC" (Adobe Custom)
+                     * "armn" (Apple Roman)
+                     * "sjis" (Shift JIS)
+                     * "gb  " (PRC)
+                     * "big5"
+                     * "wans" (Extended Wansung)
+                     * "joha" (Johab)
+                     * "lat1" (Latin-1)
+
+                     This specifies the character set to use. It does not alter the
+                     encoding of any text provided in subsequent operations.
+    :param layout_engine: Which layout engine to use, if available:
+                     :attr:`.ImageFont.Layout.BASIC` or :attr:`.ImageFont.Layout.RAQM`.
+                     If it is available, Raqm layout will be used by default.
+                     Otherwise, basic layout will be used.
+
+                     Raqm layout is recommended for all non-English text. If Raqm layout
+                     is not required, basic layout will have better performance.
+
+                     You can check support for Raqm layout using
+                     :py:func:`PIL.features.check_feature` with ``feature="raqm"``.
+
+                     .. versionadded:: 4.2.0
+    :return: A font object.
+    :exception OSError: If the file could not be read.
+    :exception ValueError: If the font size is not greater than zero.
+    """
+
+    def freetype(font: StrOrBytesPath | BinaryIO) -> FreeTypeFont:
+        return FreeTypeFont(font, size, index, encoding, layout_engine)
+
+    try:
+        return freetype(font)
+    except OSError:
+        if not is_path(font):
+            raise
+        ttf_filename = os.path.basename(font)
+
+        dirs = []
+        if sys.platform == "win32":
+            # check the windows font repository
+            # NOTE: must use uppercase WINDIR, to work around bugs in
+            # 1.5.2's os.environ.get()
+            windir = os.environ.get("WINDIR")
+            if windir:
+                dirs.append(os.path.join(windir, "fonts"))
+        elif sys.platform in ("linux", "linux2"):
+            data_home = os.environ.get("XDG_DATA_HOME")
+            if not data_home:
+                # The freedesktop spec defines the following default directory for
+                # when XDG_DATA_HOME is unset or empty. This user-level directory
+                # takes precedence over system-level directories.
+                data_home = os.path.expanduser("~/.local/share")
+            xdg_dirs = [data_home]
+
+            data_dirs = os.environ.get("XDG_DATA_DIRS")
+            if not data_dirs:
+                # Similarly, defaults are defined for the system-level directories
+                data_dirs = "/usr/local/share:/usr/share"
+            xdg_dirs += data_dirs.split(":")
+
+            dirs += [os.path.join(xdg_dir, "fonts") for xdg_dir in xdg_dirs]
+        elif sys.platform == "darwin":
+            dirs += [
+                "/Library/Fonts",
+                "/System/Library/Fonts",
+                os.path.expanduser("~/Library/Fonts"),
+            ]
+
+        ext = os.path.splitext(ttf_filename)[1]
+        first_font_with_a_different_extension = None
+        for directory in dirs:
+            for walkroot, walkdir, walkfilenames in os.walk(directory):
+                for walkfilename in walkfilenames:
+                    if ext and walkfilename == ttf_filename:
+                        return freetype(os.path.join(walkroot, walkfilename))
+                    elif not ext and os.path.splitext(walkfilename)[0] == ttf_filename:
+                        fontpath = os.path.join(walkroot, walkfilename)
+                        if os.path.splitext(fontpath)[1] == ".ttf":
+                            return freetype(fontpath)
+                        if not ext and first_font_with_a_different_extension is None:
+                            first_font_with_a_different_extension = fontpath
+        if first_font_with_a_different_extension:
+            return freetype(first_font_with_a_different_extension)
+        raise
+
+
+def load_path(filename: str | bytes) -> ImageFont:
+    """
+    Load font file. Same as :py:func:`~PIL.ImageFont.load`, but searches for a
+    bitmap font along the Python path.
+
+    :param filename: Name of font file.
+    :return: A font object.
+    :exception OSError: If the file could not be read.
+    """
+    if not isinstance(filename, str):
+        filename = filename.decode("utf-8")
+    for directory in sys.path:
+        try:
+            return load(os.path.join(directory, filename))
+        except OSError:
+            pass
+    msg = f'cannot find font file "{filename}" in sys.path'
+    if os.path.exists(filename):
+        msg += f', did you mean ImageFont.load("{filename}") instead?'
+
+    raise OSError(msg)
+
+
+def load_default_imagefont() -> ImageFont:
+    f = ImageFont()
+    f._load_pilfont_data(
+        # courB08
+        BytesIO(
+            base64.b64decode(
+                b"""
+UElMZm9udAo7Ozs7OzsxMDsKREFUQQoAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
+AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
+AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
+AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
+AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
+AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
+AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
+AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
+AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
+AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
+AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
+AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAYAAAAA//8AAQAAAAAAAAABAAEA
+BgAAAAH/+gADAAAAAQAAAAMABgAGAAAAAf/6AAT//QADAAAABgADAAYAAAAA//kABQABAAYAAAAL
+AAgABgAAAAD/+AAFAAEACwAAABAACQAGAAAAAP/5AAUAAAAQAAAAFQAHAAYAAP////oABQAAABUA
+AAAbAAYABgAAAAH/+QAE//wAGwAAAB4AAwAGAAAAAf/5AAQAAQAeAAAAIQAIAAYAAAAB//kABAAB
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+"""
+            )
+        ),
+        Image.open(
+            BytesIO(
+                base64.b64decode(
+                    b"""
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+"""
+                )
+            )
+        ),
+    )
+    return f
+
+
+def load_default(size: float | None = None) -> FreeTypeFont | ImageFont:
+    """If FreeType support is available, load a version of Aileron Regular,
+    https://dotcolon.net/fonts/aileron, with a more limited character set.
+
+    Otherwise, load a "better than nothing" font.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 1.1.4
+
+    :param size: The font size of Aileron Regular.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 10.1.0
+
+    :return: A font object.
+    """
+    if isinstance(core, ModuleType) or size is not None:
+        return truetype(
+            BytesIO(
+                base64.b64decode(
+                    b"""
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+"""
+                )
+            ),
+            10 if size is None else size,
+            layout_engine=Layout.BASIC,
+        )
+    return load_default_imagefont()

.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/PIL/ImageMode.py

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+#
+# The Python Imaging Library.
+# $Id$
+#
+# standard mode descriptors
+#
+# History:
+# 2006-03-20 fl   Added
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2006 by Secret Labs AB.
+# Copyright (c) 2006 by Fredrik Lundh.
+#
+# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
+#
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import sys
+from functools import lru_cache
+from typing import NamedTuple
+
+
+class ModeDescriptor(NamedTuple):
+    """Wrapper for mode strings."""
+
+    mode: str
+    bands: tuple[str, ...]
+    basemode: str
+    basetype: str
+    typestr: str
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return self.mode
+
+
+@lru_cache
+def getmode(mode: str) -> ModeDescriptor:
+    """Gets a mode descriptor for the given mode."""
+    endian = "<" if sys.byteorder == "little" else ">"
+
+    modes = {
+        # core modes
+        # Bits need to be extended to bytes
+        "1": ("L", "L", ("1",), "|b1"),
+        "L": ("L", "L", ("L",), "|u1"),
+        "I": ("L", "I", ("I",), f"{endian}i4"),
+        "F": ("L", "F", ("F",), f"{endian}f4"),
+        "P": ("P", "L", ("P",), "|u1"),
+        "RGB": ("RGB", "L", ("R", "G", "B"), "|u1"),
+        "RGBX": ("RGB", "L", ("R", "G", "B", "X"), "|u1"),
+        "RGBA": ("RGB", "L", ("R", "G", "B", "A"), "|u1"),
+        "CMYK": ("RGB", "L", ("C", "M", "Y", "K"), "|u1"),
+        "YCbCr": ("RGB", "L", ("Y", "Cb", "Cr"), "|u1"),
+        # UNDONE - unsigned |u1i1i1
+        "LAB": ("RGB", "L", ("L", "A", "B"), "|u1"),
+        "HSV": ("RGB", "L", ("H", "S", "V"), "|u1"),
+        # extra experimental modes
+        "RGBa": ("RGB", "L", ("R", "G", "B", "a"), "|u1"),
+        "LA": ("L", "L", ("L", "A"), "|u1"),
+        "La": ("L", "L", ("L", "a"), "|u1"),
+        "PA": ("RGB", "L", ("P", "A"), "|u1"),
+    }
+    if mode in modes:
+        base_mode, base_type, bands, type_str = modes[mode]
+        return ModeDescriptor(mode, bands, base_mode, base_type, type_str)
+
+    mapping_modes = {
+        # I;16 == I;16L, and I;32 == I;32L
+        "I;16": "<u2",
+        "I;16S": "<i2",
+        "I;16L": "<u2",
+        "I;16LS": "<i2",
+        "I;16B": ">u2",
+        "I;16BS": ">i2",
+        "I;16N": f"{endian}u2",
+        "I;16NS": f"{endian}i2",
+        "I;32": "<u4",
+        "I;32B": ">u4",
+        "I;32L": "<u4",
+        "I;32S": "<i4",
+        "I;32BS": ">i4",
+        "I;32LS": "<i4",
+    }
+
+    type_str = mapping_modes[mode]
+    return ModeDescriptor(mode, ("I",), "L", "L", type_str)

.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/PIL/ImageMorph.py

@@ -0,0 +1,265 @@
+# A binary morphology add-on for the Python Imaging Library
+#
+# History:
+#   2014-06-04 Initial version.
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2014 Dov Grobgeld <dov.grobgeld@gmail.com>
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import re
+
+from . import Image, _imagingmorph
+
+LUT_SIZE = 1 << 9
+
+# fmt: off
+ROTATION_MATRIX = [
+    6, 3, 0,
+    7, 4, 1,
+    8, 5, 2,
+]
+MIRROR_MATRIX = [
+    2, 1, 0,
+    5, 4, 3,
+    8, 7, 6,
+]
+# fmt: on
+
+
+class LutBuilder:
+    """A class for building a MorphLut from a descriptive language
+
+    The input patterns is a list of a strings sequences like these::
+
+        4:(...
+           .1.
+           111)->1
+
+    (whitespaces including linebreaks are ignored). The option 4
+    describes a series of symmetry operations (in this case a
+    4-rotation), the pattern is described by:
+
+    - . or X - Ignore
+    - 1 - Pixel is on
+    - 0 - Pixel is off
+
+    The result of the operation is described after "->" string.
+
+    The default is to return the current pixel value, which is
+    returned if no other match is found.
+
+    Operations:
+
+    - 4 - 4 way rotation
+    - N - Negate
+    - 1 - Dummy op for no other operation (an op must always be given)
+    - M - Mirroring
+
+    Example::
+
+        lb = LutBuilder(patterns = ["4:(... .1. 111)->1"])
+        lut = lb.build_lut()
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, patterns: list[str] | None = None, op_name: str | None = None
+    ) -> None:
+        if patterns is not None:
+            self.patterns = patterns
+        else:
+            self.patterns = []
+        self.lut: bytearray | None = None
+        if op_name is not None:
+            known_patterns = {
+                "corner": ["1:(... ... ...)->0", "4:(00. 01. ...)->1"],
+                "dilation4": ["4:(... .0. .1.)->1"],
+                "dilation8": ["4:(... .0. .1.)->1", "4:(... .0. ..1)->1"],
+                "erosion4": ["4:(... .1. .0.)->0"],
+                "erosion8": ["4:(... .1. .0.)->0", "4:(... .1. ..0)->0"],
+                "edge": [
+                    "1:(... ... ...)->0",
+                    "4:(.0. .1. ...)->1",
+                    "4:(01. .1. ...)->1",
+                ],
+            }
+            if op_name not in known_patterns:
+                msg = f"Unknown pattern {op_name}!"
+                raise Exception(msg)
+
+            self.patterns = known_patterns[op_name]
+
+    def add_patterns(self, patterns: list[str]) -> None:
+        self.patterns += patterns
+
+    def build_default_lut(self) -> None:
+        symbols = [0, 1]
+        m = 1 << 4  # pos of current pixel
+        self.lut = bytearray(symbols[(i & m) > 0] for i in range(LUT_SIZE))
+
+    def get_lut(self) -> bytearray | None:
+        return self.lut
+
+    def _string_permute(self, pattern: str, permutation: list[int]) -> str:
+        """string_permute takes a pattern and a permutation and returns the
+        string permuted according to the permutation list.
+        """
+        assert len(permutation) == 9
+        return "".join(pattern[p] for p in permutation)
+
+    def _pattern_permute(
+        self, basic_pattern: str, options: str, basic_result: int
+    ) -> list[tuple[str, int]]:
+        """pattern_permute takes a basic pattern and its result and clones
+        the pattern according to the modifications described in the $options
+        parameter. It returns a list of all cloned patterns."""
+        patterns = [(basic_pattern, basic_result)]
+
+        # rotations
+        if "4" in options:
+            res = patterns[-1][1]
+            for i in range(4):
+                patterns.append(
+                    (self._string_permute(patterns[-1][0], ROTATION_MATRIX), res)
+                )
+        # mirror
+        if "M" in options:
+            n = len(patterns)
+            for pattern, res in patterns[:n]:
+                patterns.append((self._string_permute(pattern, MIRROR_MATRIX), res))
+
+        # negate
+        if "N" in options:
+            n = len(patterns)
+            for pattern, res in patterns[:n]:
+                # Swap 0 and 1
+                pattern = pattern.replace("0", "Z").replace("1", "0").replace("Z", "1")
+                res = 1 - int(res)
+                patterns.append((pattern, res))
+
+        return patterns
+
+    def build_lut(self) -> bytearray:
+        """Compile all patterns into a morphology lut.
+
+        TBD :Build based on (file) morphlut:modify_lut
+        """
+        self.build_default_lut()
+        assert self.lut is not None
+        patterns = []
+
+        # Parse and create symmetries of the patterns strings
+        for p in self.patterns:
+            m = re.search(r"(\w):?\s*\((.+?)\)\s*->\s*(\d)", p.replace("\n", ""))
+            if not m:
+                msg = 'Syntax error in pattern "' + p + '"'
+                raise Exception(msg)
+            options = m.group(1)
+            pattern = m.group(2)
+            result = int(m.group(3))
+
+            # Get rid of spaces
+            pattern = pattern.replace(" ", "").replace("\n", "")
+
+            patterns += self._pattern_permute(pattern, options, result)
+
+        # compile the patterns into regular expressions for speed
+        compiled_patterns = []
+        for pattern in patterns:
+            p = pattern[0].replace(".", "X").replace("X", "[01]")
+            compiled_patterns.append((re.compile(p), pattern[1]))
+
+        # Step through table and find patterns that match.
+        # Note that all the patterns are searched. The last one
+        # caught overrides
+        for i in range(LUT_SIZE):
+            # Build the bit pattern
+            bitpattern = bin(i)[2:]
+            bitpattern = ("0" * (9 - len(bitpattern)) + bitpattern)[::-1]
+
+            for pattern, r in compiled_patterns:
+                if pattern.match(bitpattern):
+                    self.lut[i] = [0, 1][r]
+
+        return self.lut
+
+
+class MorphOp:
+    """A class for binary morphological operators"""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        lut: bytearray | None = None,
+        op_name: str | None = None,
+        patterns: list[str] | None = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Create a binary morphological operator"""
+        self.lut = lut
+        if op_name is not None:
+            self.lut = LutBuilder(op_name=op_name).build_lut()
+        elif patterns is not None:
+            self.lut = LutBuilder(patterns=patterns).build_lut()
+
+    def apply(self, image: Image.Image) -> tuple[int, Image.Image]:
+        """Run a single morphological operation on an image
+
+        Returns a tuple of the number of changed pixels and the
+        morphed image"""
+        if self.lut is None:
+            msg = "No operator loaded"
+            raise Exception(msg)
+
+        if image.mode != "L":
+            msg = "Image mode must be L"
+            raise ValueError(msg)
+        outimage = Image.new(image.mode, image.size, None)
+        count = _imagingmorph.apply(bytes(self.lut), image.getim(), outimage.getim())
+        return count, outimage
+
+    def match(self, image: Image.Image) -> list[tuple[int, int]]:
+        """Get a list of coordinates matching the morphological operation on
+        an image.
+
+        Returns a list of tuples of (x,y) coordinates
+        of all matching pixels. See :ref:`coordinate-system`."""
+        if self.lut is None:
+            msg = "No operator loaded"
+            raise Exception(msg)
+
+        if image.mode != "L":
+            msg = "Image mode must be L"
+            raise ValueError(msg)
+        return _imagingmorph.match(bytes(self.lut), image.getim())
+
+    def get_on_pixels(self, image: Image.Image) -> list[tuple[int, int]]:
+        """Get a list of all turned on pixels in a binary image
+
+        Returns a list of tuples of (x,y) coordinates
+        of all matching pixels. See :ref:`coordinate-system`."""
+
+        if image.mode != "L":
+            msg = "Image mode must be L"
+            raise ValueError(msg)
+        return _imagingmorph.get_on_pixels(image.getim())
+
+    def load_lut(self, filename: str) -> None:
+        """Load an operator from an mrl file"""
+        with open(filename, "rb") as f:
+            self.lut = bytearray(f.read())
+
+        if len(self.lut) != LUT_SIZE:
+            self.lut = None
+            msg = "Wrong size operator file!"
+            raise Exception(msg)
+
+    def save_lut(self, filename: str) -> None:
+        """Save an operator to an mrl file"""
+        if self.lut is None:
+            msg = "No operator loaded"
+            raise Exception(msg)
+        with open(filename, "wb") as f:
+            f.write(self.lut)
+
+    def set_lut(self, lut: bytearray | None) -> None:
+        """Set the lut from an external source"""
+        self.lut = lut

.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/PIL/ImageOps.py

@@ -0,0 +1,746 @@
+#
+# The Python Imaging Library.
+# $Id$
+#
+# standard image operations
+#
+# History:
+# 2001-10-20 fl   Created
+# 2001-10-23 fl   Added autocontrast operator
+# 2001-12-18 fl   Added Kevin's fit operator
+# 2004-03-14 fl   Fixed potential division by zero in equalize
+# 2005-05-05 fl   Fixed equalize for low number of values
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2001-2004 by Secret Labs AB
+# Copyright (c) 2001-2004 by Fredrik Lundh
+#
+# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
+#
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import functools
+import operator
+import re
+from collections.abc import Sequence
+from typing import Literal, Protocol, cast, overload
+
+from . import ExifTags, Image, ImagePalette
+
+#
+# helpers
+
+
+def _border(border: int | tuple[int, ...]) -> tuple[int, int, int, int]:
+    if isinstance(border, tuple):
+        if len(border) == 2:
+            left, top = right, bottom = border
+        elif len(border) == 4:
+            left, top, right, bottom = border
+    else:
+        left = top = right = bottom = border
+    return left, top, right, bottom
+
+
+def _color(color: str | int | tuple[int, ...], mode: str) -> int | tuple[int, ...]:
+    if isinstance(color, str):
+        from . import ImageColor
+
+        color = ImageColor.getcolor(color, mode)
+    return color
+
+
+def _lut(image: Image.Image, lut: list[int]) -> Image.Image:
+    if image.mode == "P":
+        # FIXME: apply to lookup table, not image data
+        msg = "mode P support coming soon"
+        raise NotImplementedError(msg)
+    elif image.mode in ("L", "RGB"):
+        if image.mode == "RGB" and len(lut) == 256:
+            lut = lut + lut + lut
+        return image.point(lut)
+    else:
+        msg = f"not supported for mode {image.mode}"
+        raise OSError(msg)
+
+
+#
+# actions
+
+
+def autocontrast(
+    image: Image.Image,
+    cutoff: float | tuple[float, float] = 0,
+    ignore: int | Sequence[int] | None = None,
+    mask: Image.Image | None = None,
+    preserve_tone: bool = False,
+) -> Image.Image:
+    """
+    Maximize (normalize) image contrast. This function calculates a
+    histogram of the input image (or mask region), removes ``cutoff`` percent of the
+    lightest and darkest pixels from the histogram, and remaps the image
+    so that the darkest pixel becomes black (0), and the lightest
+    becomes white (255).
+
+    :param image: The image to process.
+    :param cutoff: The percent to cut off from the histogram on the low and
+                   high ends. Either a tuple of (low, high), or a single
+                   number for both.
+    :param ignore: The background pixel value (use None for no background).
+    :param mask: Histogram used in contrast operation is computed using pixels
+                 within the mask. If no mask is given the entire image is used
+                 for histogram computation.
+    :param preserve_tone: Preserve image tone in Photoshop-like style autocontrast.
+
+                          .. versionadded:: 8.2.0
+
+    :return: An image.
+    """
+    if preserve_tone:
+        histogram = image.convert("L").histogram(mask)
+    else:
+        histogram = image.histogram(mask)
+
+    lut = []
+    for layer in range(0, len(histogram), 256):
+        h = histogram[layer : layer + 256]
+        if ignore is not None:
+            # get rid of outliers
+            if isinstance(ignore, int):
+                h[ignore] = 0
+            else:
+                for ix in ignore:
+                    h[ix] = 0
+        if cutoff:
+            # cut off pixels from both ends of the histogram
+            if not isinstance(cutoff, tuple):
+                cutoff = (cutoff, cutoff)
+            # get number of pixels
+            n = 0
+            for ix in range(256):
+                n = n + h[ix]
+            # remove cutoff% pixels from the low end
+            cut = int(n * cutoff[0] // 100)
+            for lo in range(256):
+                if cut > h[lo]:
+                    cut = cut - h[lo]
+                    h[lo] = 0
+                else:
+                    h[lo] -= cut
+                    cut = 0
+                if cut <= 0:
+                    break
+            # remove cutoff% samples from the high end
+            cut = int(n * cutoff[1] // 100)
+            for hi in range(255, -1, -1):
+                if cut > h[hi]:
+                    cut = cut - h[hi]
+                    h[hi] = 0
+                else:
+                    h[hi] -= cut
+                    cut = 0
+                if cut <= 0:
+                    break
+        # find lowest/highest samples after preprocessing
+        for lo in range(256):
+            if h[lo]:
+                break
+        for hi in range(255, -1, -1):
+            if h[hi]:
+                break
+        if hi <= lo:
+            # don't bother
+            lut.extend(list(range(256)))
+        else:
+            scale = 255.0 / (hi - lo)
+            offset = -lo * scale
+            for ix in range(256):
+                ix = int(ix * scale + offset)
+                if ix < 0:
+                    ix = 0
+                elif ix > 255:
+                    ix = 255
+                lut.append(ix)
+    return _lut(image, lut)
+
+
+def colorize(
+    image: Image.Image,
+    black: str | tuple[int, ...],
+    white: str | tuple[int, ...],
+    mid: str | int | tuple[int, ...] | None = None,
+    blackpoint: int = 0,
+    whitepoint: int = 255,
+    midpoint: int = 127,
+) -> Image.Image:
+    """
+    Colorize grayscale image.
+    This function calculates a color wedge which maps all black pixels in
+    the source image to the first color and all white pixels to the
+    second color. If ``mid`` is specified, it uses three-color mapping.
+    The ``black`` and ``white`` arguments should be RGB tuples or color names;
+    optionally you can use three-color mapping by also specifying ``mid``.
+    Mapping positions for any of the colors can be specified
+    (e.g. ``blackpoint``), where these parameters are the integer
+    value corresponding to where the corresponding color should be mapped.
+    These parameters must have logical order, such that
+    ``blackpoint <= midpoint <= whitepoint`` (if ``mid`` is specified).
+
+    :param image: The image to colorize.
+    :param black: The color to use for black input pixels.
+    :param white: The color to use for white input pixels.
+    :param mid: The color to use for midtone input pixels.
+    :param blackpoint: an int value [0, 255] for the black mapping.
+    :param whitepoint: an int value [0, 255] for the white mapping.
+    :param midpoint: an int value [0, 255] for the midtone mapping.
+    :return: An image.
+    """
+
+    # Initial asserts
+    assert image.mode == "L"
+    if mid is None:
+        assert 0 <= blackpoint <= whitepoint <= 255
+    else:
+        assert 0 <= blackpoint <= midpoint <= whitepoint <= 255
+
+    # Define colors from arguments
+    rgb_black = cast(Sequence[int], _color(black, "RGB"))
+    rgb_white = cast(Sequence[int], _color(white, "RGB"))
+    rgb_mid = cast(Sequence[int], _color(mid, "RGB")) if mid is not None else None
+
+    # Empty lists for the mapping
+    red = []
+    green = []
+    blue = []
+
+    # Create the low-end values
+    for i in range(blackpoint):
+        red.append(rgb_black[0])
+        green.append(rgb_black[1])
+        blue.append(rgb_black[2])
+
+    # Create the mapping (2-color)
+    if rgb_mid is None:
+        range_map = range(whitepoint - blackpoint)
+
+        for i in range_map:
+            red.append(
+                rgb_black[0] + i * (rgb_white[0] - rgb_black[0]) // len(range_map)
+            )
+            green.append(
+                rgb_black[1] + i * (rgb_white[1] - rgb_black[1]) // len(range_map)
+            )
+            blue.append(
+                rgb_black[2] + i * (rgb_white[2] - rgb_black[2]) // len(range_map)
+            )
+
+    # Create the mapping (3-color)
+    else:
+        range_map1 = range(midpoint - blackpoint)
+        range_map2 = range(whitepoint - midpoint)
+
+        for i in range_map1:
+            red.append(
+                rgb_black[0] + i * (rgb_mid[0] - rgb_black[0]) // len(range_map1)
+            )
+            green.append(
+                rgb_black[1] + i * (rgb_mid[1] - rgb_black[1]) // len(range_map1)
+            )
+            blue.append(
+                rgb_black[2] + i * (rgb_mid[2] - rgb_black[2]) // len(range_map1)
+            )
+        for i in range_map2:
+            red.append(rgb_mid[0] + i * (rgb_white[0] - rgb_mid[0]) // len(range_map2))
+            green.append(
+                rgb_mid[1] + i * (rgb_white[1] - rgb_mid[1]) // len(range_map2)
+            )
+            blue.append(rgb_mid[2] + i * (rgb_white[2] - rgb_mid[2]) // len(range_map2))
+
+    # Create the high-end values
+    for i in range(256 - whitepoint):
+        red.append(rgb_white[0])
+        green.append(rgb_white[1])
+        blue.append(rgb_white[2])
+
+    # Return converted image
+    image = image.convert("RGB")
+    return _lut(image, red + green + blue)
+
+
+def contain(
+    image: Image.Image, size: tuple[int, int], method: int = Image.Resampling.BICUBIC
+) -> Image.Image:
+    """
+    Returns a resized version of the image, set to the maximum width and height
+    within the requested size, while maintaining the original aspect ratio.
+
+    :param image: The image to resize.
+    :param size: The requested output size in pixels, given as a
+                 (width, height) tuple.
+    :param method: Resampling method to use. Default is
+                   :py:attr:`~PIL.Image.Resampling.BICUBIC`.
+                   See :ref:`concept-filters`.
+    :return: An image.
+    """
+
+    im_ratio = image.width / image.height
+    dest_ratio = size[0] / size[1]
+
+    if im_ratio != dest_ratio:
+        if im_ratio > dest_ratio:
+            new_height = round(image.height / image.width * size[0])
+            if new_height != size[1]:
+                size = (size[0], new_height)
+        else:
+            new_width = round(image.width / image.height * size[1])
+            if new_width != size[0]:
+                size = (new_width, size[1])
+    return image.resize(size, resample=method)
+
+
+def cover(
+    image: Image.Image, size: tuple[int, int], method: int = Image.Resampling.BICUBIC
+) -> Image.Image:
+    """
+    Returns a resized version of the image, so that the requested size is
+    covered, while maintaining the original aspect ratio.
+
+    :param image: The image to resize.
+    :param size: The requested output size in pixels, given as a
+                 (width, height) tuple.
+    :param method: Resampling method to use. Default is
+                   :py:attr:`~PIL.Image.Resampling.BICUBIC`.
+                   See :ref:`concept-filters`.
+    :return: An image.
+    """
+
+    im_ratio = image.width / image.height
+    dest_ratio = size[0] / size[1]
+
+    if im_ratio != dest_ratio:
+        if im_ratio < dest_ratio:
+            new_height = round(image.height / image.width * size[0])
+            if new_height != size[1]:
+                size = (size[0], new_height)
+        else:
+            new_width = round(image.width / image.height * size[1])
+            if new_width != size[0]:
+                size = (new_width, size[1])
+    return image.resize(size, resample=method)
+
+
+def pad(
+    image: Image.Image,
+    size: tuple[int, int],
+    method: int = Image.Resampling.BICUBIC,
+    color: str | int | tuple[int, ...] | None = None,
+    centering: tuple[float, float] = (0.5, 0.5),
+) -> Image.Image:
+    """
+    Returns a resized and padded version of the image, expanded to fill the
+    requested aspect ratio and size.
+
+    :param image: The image to resize and crop.
+    :param size: The requested output size in pixels, given as a
+                 (width, height) tuple.
+    :param method: Resampling method to use. Default is
+                   :py:attr:`~PIL.Image.Resampling.BICUBIC`.
+                   See :ref:`concept-filters`.
+    :param color: The background color of the padded image.
+    :param centering: Control the position of the original image within the
+                      padded version.
+
+                          (0.5, 0.5) will keep the image centered
+                          (0, 0) will keep the image aligned to the top left
+                          (1, 1) will keep the image aligned to the bottom
+                          right
+    :return: An image.
+    """
+
+    resized = contain(image, size, method)
+    if resized.size == size:
+        out = resized
+    else:
+        out = Image.new(image.mode, size, color)
+        if resized.palette:
+            palette = resized.getpalette()
+            if palette is not None:
+                out.putpalette(palette)
+        if resized.width != size[0]:
+            x = round((size[0] - resized.width) * max(0, min(centering[0], 1)))
+            out.paste(resized, (x, 0))
+        else:
+            y = round((size[1] - resized.height) * max(0, min(centering[1], 1)))
+            out.paste(resized, (0, y))
+    return out
+
+
+def crop(image: Image.Image, border: int = 0) -> Image.Image:
+    """
+    Remove border from image.  The same amount of pixels are removed
+    from all four sides.  This function works on all image modes.
+
+    .. seealso:: :py:meth:`~PIL.Image.Image.crop`
+
+    :param image: The image to crop.
+    :param border: The number of pixels to remove.
+    :return: An image.
+    """
+    left, top, right, bottom = _border(border)
+    return image.crop((left, top, image.size[0] - right, image.size[1] - bottom))
+
+
+def scale(
+    image: Image.Image, factor: float, resample: int = Image.Resampling.BICUBIC
+) -> Image.Image:
+    """
+    Returns a rescaled image by a specific factor given in parameter.
+    A factor greater than 1 expands the image, between 0 and 1 contracts the
+    image.
+
+    :param image: The image to rescale.
+    :param factor: The expansion factor, as a float.
+    :param resample: Resampling method to use. Default is
+                     :py:attr:`~PIL.Image.Resampling.BICUBIC`.
+                     See :ref:`concept-filters`.
+    :returns: An :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image` object.
+    """
+    if factor == 1:
+        return image.copy()
+    elif factor <= 0:
+        msg = "the factor must be greater than 0"
+        raise ValueError(msg)
+    else:
+        size = (round(factor * image.width), round(factor * image.height))
+        return image.resize(size, resample)
+
+
+class SupportsGetMesh(Protocol):
+    """
+    An object that supports the ``getmesh`` method, taking an image as an
+    argument, and returning a list of tuples. Each tuple contains two tuples,
+    the source box as a tuple of 4 integers, and a tuple of 8 integers for the
+    final quadrilateral, in order of top left, bottom left, bottom right, top
+    right.
+    """
+
+    def getmesh(
+        self, image: Image.Image
+    ) -> list[
+        tuple[tuple[int, int, int, int], tuple[int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int]]
+    ]: ...
+
+
+def deform(
+    image: Image.Image,
+    deformer: SupportsGetMesh,
+    resample: int = Image.Resampling.BILINEAR,
+) -> Image.Image:
+    """
+    Deform the image.
+
+    :param image: The image to deform.
+    :param deformer: A deformer object.  Any object that implements a
+                    ``getmesh`` method can be used.
+    :param resample: An optional resampling filter. Same values possible as
+       in the PIL.Image.transform function.
+    :return: An image.
+    """
+    return image.transform(
+        image.size, Image.Transform.MESH, deformer.getmesh(image), resample
+    )
+
+
+def equalize(image: Image.Image, mask: Image.Image | None = None) -> Image.Image:
+    """
+    Equalize the image histogram. This function applies a non-linear
+    mapping to the input image, in order to create a uniform
+    distribution of grayscale values in the output image.
+
+    :param image: The image to equalize.
+    :param mask: An optional mask.  If given, only the pixels selected by
+                 the mask are included in the analysis.
+    :return: An image.
+    """
+    if image.mode == "P":
+        image = image.convert("RGB")
+    h = image.histogram(mask)
+    lut = []
+    for b in range(0, len(h), 256):
+        histo = [_f for _f in h[b : b + 256] if _f]
+        if len(histo) <= 1:
+            lut.extend(list(range(256)))
+        else:
+            step = (functools.reduce(operator.add, histo) - histo[-1]) // 255
+            if not step:
+                lut.extend(list(range(256)))
+            else:
+                n = step // 2
+                for i in range(256):
+                    lut.append(n // step)
+                    n = n + h[i + b]
+    return _lut(image, lut)
+
+
+def expand(
+    image: Image.Image,
+    border: int | tuple[int, ...] = 0,
+    fill: str | int | tuple[int, ...] = 0,
+) -> Image.Image:
+    """
+    Add border to the image
+
+    :param image: The image to expand.
+    :param border: Border width, in pixels.
+    :param fill: Pixel fill value (a color value).  Default is 0 (black).
+    :return: An image.
+    """
+    left, top, right, bottom = _border(border)
+    width = left + image.size[0] + right
+    height = top + image.size[1] + bottom
+    color = _color(fill, image.mode)
+    if image.palette:
+        mode = image.palette.mode
+        palette = ImagePalette.ImagePalette(mode, image.getpalette(mode))
+        if isinstance(color, tuple) and (len(color) == 3 or len(color) == 4):
+            color = palette.getcolor(color)
+    else:
+        palette = None
+    out = Image.new(image.mode, (width, height), color)
+    if palette:
+        out.putpalette(palette.palette, mode)
+    out.paste(image, (left, top))
+    return out
+
+
+def fit(
+    image: Image.Image,
+    size: tuple[int, int],
+    method: int = Image.Resampling.BICUBIC,
+    bleed: float = 0.0,
+    centering: tuple[float, float] = (0.5, 0.5),
+) -> Image.Image:
+    """
+    Returns a resized and cropped version of the image, cropped to the
+    requested aspect ratio and size.
+
+    This function was contributed by Kevin Cazabon.
+
+    :param image: The image to resize and crop.
+    :param size: The requested output size in pixels, given as a
+                 (width, height) tuple.
+    :param method: Resampling method to use. Default is
+                   :py:attr:`~PIL.Image.Resampling.BICUBIC`.
+                   See :ref:`concept-filters`.
+    :param bleed: Remove a border around the outside of the image from all
+                  four edges. The value is a decimal percentage (use 0.01 for
+                  one percent). The default value is 0 (no border).
+                  Cannot be greater than or equal to 0.5.
+    :param centering: Control the cropping position.  Use (0.5, 0.5) for
+                      center cropping (e.g. if cropping the width, take 50% off
+                      of the left side, and therefore 50% off the right side).
+                      (0.0, 0.0) will crop from the top left corner (i.e. if
+                      cropping the width, take all of the crop off of the right
+                      side, and if cropping the height, take all of it off the
+                      bottom).  (1.0, 0.0) will crop from the bottom left
+                      corner, etc. (i.e. if cropping the width, take all of the
+                      crop off the left side, and if cropping the height take
+                      none from the top, and therefore all off the bottom).
+    :return: An image.
+    """
+
+    # by Kevin Cazabon, Feb 17/2000
+    # kevin@cazabon.com
+    # https://www.cazabon.com
+
+    centering_x, centering_y = centering
+
+    if not 0.0 <= centering_x <= 1.0:
+        centering_x = 0.5
+    if not 0.0 <= centering_y <= 1.0:
+        centering_y = 0.5
+
+    if not 0.0 <= bleed < 0.5:
+        bleed = 0.0
+
+    # calculate the area to use for resizing and cropping, subtracting
+    # the 'bleed' around the edges
+
+    # number of pixels to trim off on Top and Bottom, Left and Right
+    bleed_pixels = (bleed * image.size[0], bleed * image.size[1])
+
+    live_size = (
+        image.size[0] - bleed_pixels[0] * 2,
+        image.size[1] - bleed_pixels[1] * 2,
+    )
+
+    # calculate the aspect ratio of the live_size
+    live_size_ratio = live_size[0] / live_size[1]
+
+    # calculate the aspect ratio of the output image
+    output_ratio = size[0] / size[1]
+
+    # figure out if the sides or top/bottom will be cropped off
+    if live_size_ratio == output_ratio:
+        # live_size is already the needed ratio
+        crop_width = live_size[0]
+        crop_height = live_size[1]
+    elif live_size_ratio >= output_ratio:
+        # live_size is wider than what's needed, crop the sides
+        crop_width = output_ratio * live_size[1]
+        crop_height = live_size[1]
+    else:
+        # live_size is taller than what's needed, crop the top and bottom
+        crop_width = live_size[0]
+        crop_height = live_size[0] / output_ratio
+
+    # make the crop
+    crop_left = bleed_pixels[0] + (live_size[0] - crop_width) * centering_x
+    crop_top = bleed_pixels[1] + (live_size[1] - crop_height) * centering_y
+
+    crop = (crop_left, crop_top, crop_left + crop_width, crop_top + crop_height)
+
+    # resize the image and return it
+    return image.resize(size, method, box=crop)
+
+
+def flip(image: Image.Image) -> Image.Image:
+    """
+    Flip the image vertically (top to bottom).
+
+    :param image: The image to flip.
+    :return: An image.
+    """
+    return image.transpose(Image.Transpose.FLIP_TOP_BOTTOM)
+
+
+def grayscale(image: Image.Image) -> Image.Image:
+    """
+    Convert the image to grayscale.
+
+    :param image: The image to convert.
+    :return: An image.
+    """
+    return image.convert("L")
+
+
+def invert(image: Image.Image) -> Image.Image:
+    """
+    Invert (negate) the image.
+
+    :param image: The image to invert.
+    :return: An image.
+    """
+    lut = list(range(255, -1, -1))
+    return image.point(lut) if image.mode == "1" else _lut(image, lut)
+
+
+def mirror(image: Image.Image) -> Image.Image:
+    """
+    Flip image horizontally (left to right).
+
+    :param image: The image to mirror.
+    :return: An image.
+    """
+    return image.transpose(Image.Transpose.FLIP_LEFT_RIGHT)
+
+
+def posterize(image: Image.Image, bits: int) -> Image.Image:
+    """
+    Reduce the number of bits for each color channel.
+
+    :param image: The image to posterize.
+    :param bits: The number of bits to keep for each channel (1-8).
+    :return: An image.
+    """
+    mask = ~(2 ** (8 - bits) - 1)
+    lut = [i & mask for i in range(256)]
+    return _lut(image, lut)
+
+
+def solarize(image: Image.Image, threshold: int = 128) -> Image.Image:
+    """
+    Invert all pixel values above a threshold.
+
+    :param image: The image to solarize.
+    :param threshold: All pixels above this grayscale level are inverted.
+    :return: An image.
+    """
+    lut = []
+    for i in range(256):
+        if i < threshold:
+            lut.append(i)
+        else:
+            lut.append(255 - i)
+    return _lut(image, lut)
+
+
+@overload
+def exif_transpose(image: Image.Image, *, in_place: Literal[True]) -> None: ...
+
+
+@overload
+def exif_transpose(
+    image: Image.Image, *, in_place: Literal[False] = False
+) -> Image.Image: ...
+
+
+def exif_transpose(image: Image.Image, *, in_place: bool = False) -> Image.Image | None:
+    """
+    If an image has an EXIF Orientation tag, other than 1, transpose the image
+    accordingly, and remove the orientation data.
+
+    :param image: The image to transpose.
+    :param in_place: Boolean. Keyword-only argument.
+        If ``True``, the original image is modified in-place, and ``None`` is returned.
+        If ``False`` (default), a new :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image` object is returned
+        with the transposition applied. If there is no transposition, a copy of the
+        image will be returned.
+    """
+    image.load()
+    image_exif = image.getexif()
+    orientation = image_exif.get(ExifTags.Base.Orientation, 1)
+    method = {
+        2: Image.Transpose.FLIP_LEFT_RIGHT,
+        3: Image.Transpose.ROTATE_180,
+        4: Image.Transpose.FLIP_TOP_BOTTOM,
+        5: Image.Transpose.TRANSPOSE,
+        6: Image.Transpose.ROTATE_270,
+        7: Image.Transpose.TRANSVERSE,
+        8: Image.Transpose.ROTATE_90,
+    }.get(orientation)
+    if method is not None:
+        if in_place:
+            image.im = image.im.transpose(method)
+            image._size = image.im.size
+        else:
+            transposed_image = image.transpose(method)
+        exif_image = image if in_place else transposed_image
+
+        exif = exif_image.getexif()
+        if ExifTags.Base.Orientation in exif:
+            del exif[ExifTags.Base.Orientation]
+            if "exif" in exif_image.info:
+                exif_image.info["exif"] = exif.tobytes()
+            elif "Raw profile type exif" in exif_image.info:
+                exif_image.info["Raw profile type exif"] = exif.tobytes().hex()
+            for key in ("XML:com.adobe.xmp", "xmp"):
+                if key in exif_image.info:
+                    for pattern in (
+                        r'tiff:Orientation="([0-9])"',
+                        r"<tiff:Orientation>([0-9])</tiff:Orientation>",
+                    ):
+                        value = exif_image.info[key]
+                        if isinstance(value, str):
+                            value = re.sub(pattern, "", value)
+                        elif isinstance(value, tuple):
+                            value = tuple(
+                                re.sub(pattern.encode(), b"", v) for v in value
+                            )
+                        else:
+                            value = re.sub(pattern.encode(), b"", value)
+                        exif_image.info[key] = value
+        if not in_place:
+            return transposed_image
+    elif not in_place:
+        return image.copy()
+    return None

.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/PIL/ImageQt.py

@@ -0,0 +1,219 @@
+#
+# The Python Imaging Library.
+# $Id$
+#
+# a simple Qt image interface.
+#
+# history:
+# 2006-06-03 fl: created
+# 2006-06-04 fl: inherit from QImage instead of wrapping it
+# 2006-06-05 fl: removed toimage helper; move string support to ImageQt
+# 2013-11-13 fl: add support for Qt5 (aurelien.ballier@cyclonit.com)
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2006 by Secret Labs AB
+# Copyright (c) 2006 by Fredrik Lundh
+#
+# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
+#
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import sys
+from io import BytesIO
+
+from . import Image
+from ._util import is_path
+
+TYPE_CHECKING = False
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from collections.abc import Callable
+    from typing import Any
+
+    from . import ImageFile
+
+    QBuffer: type
+
+qt_version: str | None
+qt_versions = [
+    ["6", "PyQt6"],
+    ["side6", "PySide6"],
+]
+
+# If a version has already been imported, attempt it first
+qt_versions.sort(key=lambda version: version[1] in sys.modules, reverse=True)
+for version, qt_module in qt_versions:
+    try:
+        qRgba: Callable[[int, int, int, int], int]
+        if qt_module == "PyQt6":
+            from PyQt6.QtCore import QBuffer, QByteArray, QIODevice
+            from PyQt6.QtGui import QImage, QPixmap, qRgba
+        elif qt_module == "PySide6":
+            from PySide6.QtCore import (  # type: ignore[assignment]
+                QBuffer,
+                QByteArray,
+                QIODevice,
+            )
+            from PySide6.QtGui import QImage, QPixmap, qRgba  # type: ignore[assignment]
+    except (ImportError, RuntimeError):
+        continue
+    qt_is_installed = True
+    qt_version = version
+    break
+else:
+    qt_is_installed = False
+    qt_version = None
+
+
+def rgb(r: int, g: int, b: int, a: int = 255) -> int:
+    """(Internal) Turns an RGB color into a Qt compatible color integer."""
+    # use qRgb to pack the colors, and then turn the resulting long
+    # into a negative integer with the same bitpattern.
+    return qRgba(r, g, b, a) & 0xFFFFFFFF
+
+
+def fromqimage(im: QImage | QPixmap) -> ImageFile.ImageFile:
+    """
+    :param im: QImage or PIL ImageQt object
+    """
+    buffer = QBuffer()
+    qt_openmode: object
+    if qt_version == "6":
+        try:
+            qt_openmode = getattr(QIODevice, "OpenModeFlag")
+        except AttributeError:
+            qt_openmode = getattr(QIODevice, "OpenMode")
+    else:
+        qt_openmode = QIODevice
+    buffer.open(getattr(qt_openmode, "ReadWrite"))
+    # preserve alpha channel with png
+    # otherwise ppm is more friendly with Image.open
+    if im.hasAlphaChannel():
+        im.save(buffer, "png")
+    else:
+        im.save(buffer, "ppm")
+
+    b = BytesIO()
+    b.write(buffer.data())
+    buffer.close()
+    b.seek(0)
+
+    return Image.open(b)
+
+
+def fromqpixmap(im: QPixmap) -> ImageFile.ImageFile:
+    return fromqimage(im)
+
+
+def align8to32(bytes: bytes, width: int, mode: str) -> bytes:
+    """
+    converts each scanline of data from 8 bit to 32 bit aligned
+    """
+
+    bits_per_pixel = {"1": 1, "L": 8, "P": 8, "I;16": 16}[mode]
+
+    # calculate bytes per line and the extra padding if needed
+    bits_per_line = bits_per_pixel * width
+    full_bytes_per_line, remaining_bits_per_line = divmod(bits_per_line, 8)
+    bytes_per_line = full_bytes_per_line + (1 if remaining_bits_per_line else 0)
+
+    extra_padding = -bytes_per_line % 4
+
+    # already 32 bit aligned by luck
+    if not extra_padding:
+        return bytes
+
+    new_data = [
+        bytes[i * bytes_per_line : (i + 1) * bytes_per_line] + b"\x00" * extra_padding
+        for i in range(len(bytes) // bytes_per_line)
+    ]
+
+    return b"".join(new_data)
+
+
+def _toqclass_helper(im: Image.Image | str | QByteArray) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    data = None
+    colortable = None
+    exclusive_fp = False
+
+    # handle filename, if given instead of image name
+    if hasattr(im, "toUtf8"):
+        # FIXME - is this really the best way to do this?
+        im = str(im.toUtf8(), "utf-8")
+    if is_path(im):
+        im = Image.open(im)
+        exclusive_fp = True
+    assert isinstance(im, Image.Image)
+
+    qt_format = getattr(QImage, "Format") if qt_version == "6" else QImage
+    if im.mode == "1":
+        format = getattr(qt_format, "Format_Mono")
+    elif im.mode == "L":
+        format = getattr(qt_format, "Format_Indexed8")
+        colortable = [rgb(i, i, i) for i in range(256)]
+    elif im.mode == "P":
+        format = getattr(qt_format, "Format_Indexed8")
+        palette = im.getpalette()
+        assert palette is not None
+        colortable = [rgb(*palette[i : i + 3]) for i in range(0, len(palette), 3)]
+    elif im.mode == "RGB":
+        # Populate the 4th channel with 255
+        im = im.convert("RGBA")
+
+        data = im.tobytes("raw", "BGRA")
+        format = getattr(qt_format, "Format_RGB32")
+    elif im.mode == "RGBA":
+        data = im.tobytes("raw", "BGRA")
+        format = getattr(qt_format, "Format_ARGB32")
+    elif im.mode == "I;16":
+        im = im.point(lambda i: i * 256)
+
+        format = getattr(qt_format, "Format_Grayscale16")
+    else:
+        if exclusive_fp:
+            im.close()
+        msg = f"unsupported image mode {repr(im.mode)}"
+        raise ValueError(msg)
+
+    size = im.size
+    __data = data or align8to32(im.tobytes(), size[0], im.mode)
+    if exclusive_fp:
+        im.close()
+    return {"data": __data, "size": size, "format": format, "colortable": colortable}
+
+
+if qt_is_installed:
+
+    class ImageQt(QImage):
+        def __init__(self, im: Image.Image | str | QByteArray) -> None:
+            """
+            An PIL image wrapper for Qt.  This is a subclass of PyQt's QImage
+            class.
+
+            :param im: A PIL Image object, or a file name (given either as
+                Python string or a PyQt string object).
+            """
+            im_data = _toqclass_helper(im)
+            # must keep a reference, or Qt will crash!
+            # All QImage constructors that take data operate on an existing
+            # buffer, so this buffer has to hang on for the life of the image.
+            # Fixes https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/issues/1370
+            self.__data = im_data["data"]
+            super().__init__(
+                self.__data,
+                im_data["size"][0],
+                im_data["size"][1],
+                im_data["format"],
+            )
+            if im_data["colortable"]:
+                self.setColorTable(im_data["colortable"])
+
+
+def toqimage(im: Image.Image | str | QByteArray) -> ImageQt:
+    return ImageQt(im)
+
+
+def toqpixmap(im: Image.Image | str | QByteArray) -> QPixmap:
+    qimage = toqimage(im)
+    pixmap = getattr(QPixmap, "fromImage")(qimage)
+    if qt_version == "6":
+        pixmap.detach()
+    return pixmap

.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/PIL/ImageSequence.py

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+#
+# The Python Imaging Library.
+# $Id$
+#
+# sequence support classes
+#
+# history:
+# 1997-02-20 fl     Created
+#
+# Copyright (c) 1997 by Secret Labs AB.
+# Copyright (c) 1997 by Fredrik Lundh.
+#
+# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
+#
+
+##
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from . import Image
+
+TYPE_CHECKING = False
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from collections.abc import Callable
+
+
+class Iterator:
+    """
+    This class implements an iterator object that can be used to loop
+    over an image sequence.
+
+    You can use the ``[]`` operator to access elements by index. This operator
+    will raise an :py:exc:`IndexError` if you try to access a nonexistent
+    frame.
+
+    :param im: An image object.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, im: Image.Image) -> None:
+        if not hasattr(im, "seek"):
+            msg = "im must have seek method"
+            raise AttributeError(msg)
+        self.im = im
+        self.position = getattr(self.im, "_min_frame", 0)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, ix: int) -> Image.Image:
+        try:
+            self.im.seek(ix)
+            return self.im
+        except EOFError as e:
+            msg = "end of sequence"
+            raise IndexError(msg) from e
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator:
+        return self
+
+    def __next__(self) -> Image.Image:
+        try:
+            self.im.seek(self.position)
+            self.position += 1
+            return self.im
+        except EOFError as e:
+            msg = "end of sequence"
+            raise StopIteration(msg) from e
+
+
+def all_frames(
+    im: Image.Image | list[Image.Image],
+    func: Callable[[Image.Image], Image.Image] | None = None,
+) -> list[Image.Image]:
+    """
+    Applies a given function to all frames in an image or a list of images.
+    The frames are returned as a list of separate images.
+
+    :param im: An image, or a list of images.
+    :param func: The function to apply to all of the image frames.
+    :returns: A list of images.
+    """
+    if not isinstance(im, list):
+        im = [im]
+
+    ims = []
+    for imSequence in im:
+        current = imSequence.tell()
+
+        ims += [im_frame.copy() for im_frame in Iterator(imSequence)]
+
+        imSequence.seek(current)
+    return [func(im) for im in ims] if func else ims

.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/PIL/ImageShow.py

@@ -0,0 +1,362 @@
+#
+# The Python Imaging Library.
+# $Id$
+#
+# im.show() drivers
+#
+# History:
+# 2008-04-06 fl   Created
+#
+# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 2008.
+#
+# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
+#
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import abc
+import os
+import shutil
+import subprocess
+import sys
+from shlex import quote
+from typing import Any
+
+from . import Image
+
+_viewers = []
+
+
+def register(viewer: type[Viewer] | Viewer, order: int = 1) -> None:
+    """
+    The :py:func:`register` function is used to register additional viewers::
+
+        from PIL import ImageShow
+        ImageShow.register(MyViewer())  # MyViewer will be used as a last resort
+        ImageShow.register(MySecondViewer(), 0)  # MySecondViewer will be prioritised
+        ImageShow.register(ImageShow.XVViewer(), 0)  # XVViewer will be prioritised
+
+    :param viewer: The viewer to be registered.
+    :param order:
+        Zero or a negative integer to prepend this viewer to the list,
+        a positive integer to append it.
+    """
+    if isinstance(viewer, type) and issubclass(viewer, Viewer):
+        viewer = viewer()
+    if order > 0:
+        _viewers.append(viewer)
+    else:
+        _viewers.insert(0, viewer)
+
+
+def show(image: Image.Image, title: str | None = None, **options: Any) -> bool:
+    r"""
+    Display a given image.
+
+    :param image: An image object.
+    :param title: Optional title. Not all viewers can display the title.
+    :param \**options: Additional viewer options.
+    :returns: ``True`` if a suitable viewer was found, ``False`` otherwise.
+    """
+    for viewer in _viewers:
+        if viewer.show(image, title=title, **options):
+            return True
+    return False
+
+
+class Viewer:
+    """Base class for viewers."""
+
+    # main api
+
+    def show(self, image: Image.Image, **options: Any) -> int:
+        """
+        The main function for displaying an image.
+        Converts the given image to the target format and displays it.
+        """
+
+        if not (
+            image.mode in ("1", "RGBA")
+            or (self.format == "PNG" and image.mode in ("I;16", "LA"))
+        ):
+            base = Image.getmodebase(image.mode)
+            if image.mode != base:
+                image = image.convert(base)
+
+        return self.show_image(image, **options)
+
+    # hook methods
+
+    format: str | None = None
+    """The format to convert the image into."""
+    options: dict[str, Any] = {}
+    """Additional options used to convert the image."""
+
+    def get_format(self, image: Image.Image) -> str | None:
+        """Return format name, or ``None`` to save as PGM/PPM."""
+        return self.format
+
+    def get_command(self, file: str, **options: Any) -> str:
+        """
+        Returns the command used to display the file.
+        Not implemented in the base class.
+        """
+        msg = "unavailable in base viewer"
+        raise NotImplementedError(msg)
+
+    def save_image(self, image: Image.Image) -> str:
+        """Save to temporary file and return filename."""
+        return image._dump(format=self.get_format(image), **self.options)
+
+    def show_image(self, image: Image.Image, **options: Any) -> int:
+        """Display the given image."""
+        return self.show_file(self.save_image(image), **options)
+
+    def show_file(self, path: str, **options: Any) -> int:
+        """
+        Display given file.
+        """
+        if not os.path.exists(path):
+            raise FileNotFoundError
+        os.system(self.get_command(path, **options))  # nosec
+        return 1
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class WindowsViewer(Viewer):
+    """The default viewer on Windows is the default system application for PNG files."""
+
+    format = "PNG"
+    options = {"compress_level": 1, "save_all": True}
+
+    def get_command(self, file: str, **options: Any) -> str:
+        return (
+            f'start "Pillow" /WAIT "{file}" '
+            "&& ping -n 4 127.0.0.1 >NUL "
+            f'&& del /f "{file}"'
+        )
+
+    def show_file(self, path: str, **options: Any) -> int:
+        """
+        Display given file.
+        """
+        if not os.path.exists(path):
+            raise FileNotFoundError
+        subprocess.Popen(
+            self.get_command(path, **options),
+            shell=True,
+            creationflags=getattr(subprocess, "CREATE_NO_WINDOW"),
+        )  # nosec
+        return 1
+
+
+if sys.platform == "win32":
+    register(WindowsViewer)
+
+
+class MacViewer(Viewer):
+    """The default viewer on macOS using ``Preview.app``."""
+
+    format = "PNG"
+    options = {"compress_level": 1, "save_all": True}
+
+    def get_command(self, file: str, **options: Any) -> str:
+        # on darwin open returns immediately resulting in the temp
+        # file removal while app is opening
+        command = "open -a Preview.app"
+        command = f"({command} {quote(file)}; sleep 20; rm -f {quote(file)})&"
+        return command
+
+    def show_file(self, path: str, **options: Any) -> int:
+        """
+        Display given file.
+        """
+        if not os.path.exists(path):
+            raise FileNotFoundError
+        subprocess.call(["open", "-a", "Preview.app", path])
+
+        pyinstaller = getattr(sys, "frozen", False) and hasattr(sys, "_MEIPASS")
+        executable = (not pyinstaller and sys.executable) or shutil.which("python3")
+        if executable:
+            subprocess.Popen(
+                [
+                    executable,
+                    "-c",
+                    "import os, sys, time; time.sleep(20); os.remove(sys.argv[1])",
+                    path,
+                ]
+            )
+        return 1
+
+
+if sys.platform == "darwin":
+    register(MacViewer)
+
+
+class UnixViewer(abc.ABC, Viewer):
+    format = "PNG"
+    options = {"compress_level": 1, "save_all": True}
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def get_command_ex(self, file: str, **options: Any) -> tuple[str, str]:
+        pass
+
+    def get_command(self, file: str, **options: Any) -> str:
+        command = self.get_command_ex(file, **options)[0]
+        return f"{command} {quote(file)}"
+
+
+class XDGViewer(UnixViewer):
+    """
+    The freedesktop.org ``xdg-open`` command.
+    """
+
+    def get_command_ex(self, file: str, **options: Any) -> tuple[str, str]:
+        command = executable = "xdg-open"
+        return command, executable
+
+    def show_file(self, path: str, **options: Any) -> int:
+        """
+        Display given file.
+        """
+        if not os.path.exists(path):
+            raise FileNotFoundError
+        subprocess.Popen(["xdg-open", path])
+        return 1
+
+
+class DisplayViewer(UnixViewer):
+    """
+    The ImageMagick ``display`` command.
+    This viewer supports the ``title`` parameter.
+    """
+
+    def get_command_ex(
+        self, file: str, title: str | None = None, **options: Any
+    ) -> tuple[str, str]:
+        command = executable = "display"
+        if title:
+            command += f" -title {quote(title)}"
+        return command, executable
+
+    def show_file(self, path: str, **options: Any) -> int:
+        """
+        Display given file.
+        """
+        if not os.path.exists(path):
+            raise FileNotFoundError
+        args = ["display"]
+        title = options.get("title")
+        if title:
+            args += ["-title", title]
+        args.append(path)
+
+        subprocess.Popen(args)
+        return 1
+
+
+class GmDisplayViewer(UnixViewer):
+    """The GraphicsMagick ``gm display`` command."""
+
+    def get_command_ex(self, file: str, **options: Any) -> tuple[str, str]:
+        executable = "gm"
+        command = "gm display"
+        return command, executable
+
+    def show_file(self, path: str, **options: Any) -> int:
+        """
+        Display given file.
+        """
+        if not os.path.exists(path):
+            raise FileNotFoundError
+        subprocess.Popen(["gm", "display", path])
+        return 1
+
+
+class EogViewer(UnixViewer):
+    """The GNOME Image Viewer ``eog`` command."""
+
+    def get_command_ex(self, file: str, **options: Any) -> tuple[str, str]:
+        executable = "eog"
+        command = "eog -n"
+        return command, executable
+
+    def show_file(self, path: str, **options: Any) -> int:
+        """
+        Display given file.
+        """
+        if not os.path.exists(path):
+            raise FileNotFoundError
+        subprocess.Popen(["eog", "-n", path])
+        return 1
+
+
+class XVViewer(UnixViewer):
+    """
+    The X Viewer ``xv`` command.
+    This viewer supports the ``title`` parameter.
+    """
+
+    def get_command_ex(
+        self, file: str, title: str | None = None, **options: Any
+    ) -> tuple[str, str]:
+        # note: xv is pretty outdated.  most modern systems have
+        # imagemagick's display command instead.
+        command = executable = "xv"
+        if title:
+            command += f" -name {quote(title)}"
+        return command, executable
+
+    def show_file(self, path: str, **options: Any) -> int:
+        """
+        Display given file.
+        """
+        if not os.path.exists(path):
+            raise FileNotFoundError
+        args = ["xv"]
+        title = options.get("title")
+        if title:
+            args += ["-name", title]
+        args.append(path)
+
+        subprocess.Popen(args)
+        return 1
+
+
+if sys.platform not in ("win32", "darwin"):  # unixoids
+    if shutil.which("xdg-open"):
+        register(XDGViewer)
+    if shutil.which("display"):
+        register(DisplayViewer)
+    if shutil.which("gm"):
+        register(GmDisplayViewer)
+    if shutil.which("eog"):
+        register(EogViewer)
+    if shutil.which("xv"):
+        register(XVViewer)
+
+
+class IPythonViewer(Viewer):
+    """The viewer for IPython frontends."""
+
+    def show_image(self, image: Image.Image, **options: Any) -> int:
+        ipython_display(image)
+        return 1
+
+
+try:
+    from IPython.display import display as ipython_display
+except ImportError:
+    pass
+else:
+    register(IPythonViewer)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    if len(sys.argv) < 2:
+        print("Syntax: python3 ImageShow.py imagefile [title]")
+        sys.exit()
+
+    with Image.open(sys.argv[1]) as im:
+        print(show(im, *sys.argv[2:]))