{ "experiment": "multi-model intersectional bias study", "n_observations": 384, "methods": [ "SEAT", "CEAT", "MLM" ], "datasets": [ "CareerFamily", "CompetenceWarmth", "PleasantUnpleasant" ], "pairs": [ "Hindu_Female", "Hindu_Male", "LowerCaste_Female", "LowerCaste_Male", "Muslim_Female", "Muslim_Male", "UpperCaste_Female", "UpperCaste_Male" ], "n_bootstrap_ceat": 3000, "ias_threshold": 0.05, "within_method_z_normalisation": true, "seed": 42, "encoder_models": { "SEAT": [ "mpnet-multi", "BGE-M3", "E5-large", "Qwen3-Emb-4B", "IndicSBERT", "MuRIL" ], "CEAT": [ "mBERT", "MuRIL", "ModernBERT", "XLM-R-large", "IndicBERT-v2" ], "MLM": [ "mBERT", "MuRIL", "ModernBERT", "XLM-R-large", "IndicBERT-v2" ] }, "ml_models": [ "Ridge", "RandomForest", "GradBoosting", "ElasticNet", "GaussianProcess", "MLP" ], "best_ml_model": "Ridge", "best_lodo_r2": 0.9405090356483208, "best_lomo_r2": 0.9386120562963216, "best_lomoo_r2": 0.9377524162718508, "cv_axes": { "LODO": "3 groups (datasets)", "LOMO": "3 groups (methods)", "LOMOO": "10 groups (encoder models)" }, "feature_cols_real": [ "score_A", "score_B", "abs_score_A", "abs_score_B", "max_single", "score_A_times_B", "score_A_sq", "score_B_sq" ], "feature_cols_dummy": [ "dummy_gaussian", "dummy_uniform", "dummy_permuted_target" ], "hardware": { "gpu": "NVIDIA T4 (15 GB VRAM)", "ram": "12.7 GB", "platform": "Google Colab free tier" }, "key_findings": { "linearity": "Ridge (linear) R\u00b2=0.941 beats all non-linear models", "career_family_scale_artifact": "CareerFamily LODO R\u00b2 was negative at 72 rows without normalisation; positive (0.72) at 384 rows with z-norm", "snr": 53.6, "ablation_p": "< 10^-100 for all 6 conditions", "muslim_male_lir_only": { "IAS": -0.0470513346414766, "LIR": 0.0781596722336495 }, "encoder_heterogeneity": { "easiest": "mBERT (LOMOO R\u00b2=0.983), XLM-R-large (0.985)", "hardest": "Qwen3-Emb-4B (0.429), mpnet-multi (0.539)", "interpretation": "SEAT-only models encode bias differently from CEAT/MLM models" } } }