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we compared serum polychlorinated dibenzo - p - dioxins ( pcdds ) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans ( pcdfs ) among residents of two homes to levels among age- and sex - matched comparison subjects .
the residents of the two homes consumed contaminated eggs and beef from animals raised at the homes .
the animals h... | Images | |
a review of the literature and an extensive medline search revealed that this is the first case report of the use of guaifenesin to increase sperm motility .
he reported an inability to conceive with his wife after 18 months of unprotected intercourse .
a semen analysis was performed that included spermatozoa count , l... | backgrounda review of the literature and an extensive medline search revealed that this is the first case report of the use of guaifenesin to increase sperm motility.casea 32-year - old male presented for an infertility evaluation .
he reported an inability to conceive with his wife after 18 months of unprotected in... | Background
Case
Conclusion
Background
Case
Conclusion |
because of rampant concern that estrogenic chemicals in the environment may be adversely affecting the health of humans and wildlife , reliable methods for detecting and characterizing estrogenic chemicals are needed .
it is important that general agreement be reached on which tests to use and that these tests then ... | Images | |
we have prepared two new diastereoisomeric
2-aza-5-phosphabicyclo[2.2.1]heptanes
from naturally occurring trans-4-hydroxy - l - proline in six chemical operations .
these syntheses are concise
and highly efficient , with straightforward purification . when we used
these chiral phosphines as catalysts for rea... | Supplementary Material | |
nathan , as an oncology fellow , knew well that white blood cells fought infections .
this was an experiment repeated in front of us all the time , he says : chemotherapy lowered his patients ' white blood cells and increased their risk of infections .
mackaness had shown that macrophage activation did not depend on ... | t cells tell macrophages when to start making the toxic soup of lysosomal enzymes , reactive oxygen species , and nitric oxide that destroys intracellular pathogens . in 1983
, carl nathan proved that this start signal comes in the form of the secreted cytokine ifn. | The elusive eluate
Back on track |
temporary henna tattoos or pseudotattoo have become increasingly widespread among children and adolescent , as a safe and economic alternative to permanent tattoos .
it is well - known that allergic skin reactions to natural henna are rare , due to its extremely low rate of sensitization . in india , north of africa , ... | temporary henna tattoos or pseudotattoos have become increasingly widespread among children and adolescent . a generalized skin reaction , type erythema multiforme - like reaction is unusual , and rarely reported .
we describe the case of a 7-year - old boy who reported erythematous papular bulls - eye shaped lesion... | Introduction
Case Report
Discussion |
a 55 year - old man visited our emergency department because of increasing frequency of chest pain .
he had undergone off - pump coronary artery bypass grafting ( cabg ) 10 years ago because of unstable angina associated with three vessel coronary artery disease . at the initial operation , the in situ right internal t... | we report a redo coronary artery bypass grafting ( cabg ) in a 55-year - old man .
angina recurred 7 years after the initial surgery .
coronary angiography showed all patent grafts except a faint visualization of the in situ right gastroepiploic artery ( rgea ) graft , which was anastomosed to the posterior descen... | CASE REPORT
DISCUSSION |
care coordination is an important aspect of nursing care especially for elderly patients admitted to an acute care setting . in singapore care coordination and transitional care nursing is a new concept of care nevertheless important but unexplored .
the objective of this paper is to explore the characteristics of elde... | introductioncare coordination is an important aspect of nursing care especially for elderly patients admitted to an acute care setting . in singapore care coordination and transitional care nursing is a new concept of care nevertheless important but unexplored.aim/objectivesthe objective of this paper is to explore th... | Introduction
Aim/objectives
Research design and sampling
Result
Discussion
Conclusion |
supported by nci 2p50 ca09825806 , nci u01 ca168394 , stand up to cancer / aacr dream team translational cancer research grant su2c - aacr - dt0209 , tcga gdac grant ( nih / nci u24 ca143883 ) to gbm ; mdacc uterine spore career development award ( nci p50ca098258 ) to lwt . | pik3r1 ( encoding the p85 subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase ) is the 11th most frequently mutated gene across tumors .
we recently reported neomorphic p85 mutants that induce signaling cascades not predicted by the canonical functions of p85 , suggesting the need to functionally annotate specific mutations in... | Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest
Funding |
the laparoscopic removal of a cervical stump following a supra cervical ( subtotal ) hysterectomy was first described by nezhat et al , and they concluded that the cervical stump could be removed laparoscopically by an experienced surgeon .
the advantages of the laparoscopic approach included possible stump adhesiolysi... | a 43-year - old , who underwent a subtotal hysterectomy for postpartum hemorrhage following a normal delivery , 10 years ago , presented with a history of persistent vaginal discharge and post - coital bleeding .
a pap smear reported moderate dysplasia , and a subsequent colposcopic biopsy reported severe dysplasia ... | INTRODUCTION
CASE REPORT
THE OPERATION
DISCUSSION |
established in 2003 , erste foundation has a history stretching back 190 years to the year 1819 when it was founded as the erste sterreichische spar casse in vienna .
rooted in our history as a social enterprise and financial service provider , erste foundation recognises that contemporary society faces huge challenges... | introductionestablished in 2003 , erste foundation has a history stretching back 190 years to the year 1819 when it was founded as the erste sterreichische spar casse in vienna .
rooted in our history as a social enterprise and financial service provider , erste foundation recognises that contemporary society faces ... | Introduction
Description
Projects |
acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis ( agep ) is a rare acute reaction that is drug - induced in 90% of the cases , characterized by a widespread , sterile pustular rash .
cefepime is a fourth generation cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat febrile neutropenia , severe infections related to the urinary tract , ... | acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis ( agep ) is a rare cutaneous rash characterized by widespread sterile nonfollicular pustules .
cefepime is a fourth generation cephalosporin , used to treat severe infections .
a 67-year - old man was admitted with acute gastroenterocolitis . on the seventh day
, the pa... | Introduction
Case Report
Discussion |
canaliculitis is a common encounter in ophthalmic practice but supernumerary puncta and canaliculi ( spc ) are rare congenital disorders . in a large series
a 59-year - old gentleman presented with painful swelling of the left lower lid for a week , which was associated with epiphora .
the swelling was confined to the ... | we report the first case of supernumerary puncta and canaliculi presented with canaliculitis .
a-59 year - old gentleman presented with painful swelling of the left lower lid for a week , which was associated with epiphora .
the swelling was confined to the nasal aspect of the left lower lid ( 0.50.5 mm ) with inf... | Introduction
Case Report
Discussion |
mypro is a software pipeline for high - quality prokaryotic genome assembly and annotation .
it was validated on 18 oral streptococcal strains to produce submission - ready , annotated draft genomes .
mypro installed as a virtual machine and supported by updated databases will enable biologists to perform quality ... | Supplementary Material | |
we are grateful for financial support from the industrial source technology development program of the ministry of knowledge economy ( 10044909 ) , the next - generation biogreen 21 program ( ssac grant # pj01111803 ) , rda , and the kribb initiative program of south korea . | abstractbacterial volatiles protect plants either by directly inhibiting a pathogenic fungus or by improving the defense capabilities of plants .
the effect of bacterial volatiles on fungal growth was dose - dependent .
a low dosage did not have a noticeable effect on botrytis cinerea growth and development , but ... | Abbreviations
Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest
Funding |
octane - enhancing constituents of gasoline pose a number of health hazards .
this paper considers the relative risks of metallic ( lead , manganese ) , aromatic ( e.g. , benzene ) , and oxygenated additives in both industrialized and developing countries . technological advances , particularly in industrialized cou... | Images | |
ala - al - din abu al - hassan ali ibn abi - hazm al - qarshi al - dimashqi , known as ibn al - nafis ( 1210 - 1288 ad ) , was a muslim syrian physician primarily famous for being the first to describe the pulmonary circulation of the blood .
the most voluminous of his books is alshamel fi sanaat tebbiat , which is a c... | background : ala - al - din abu al - hassan ali ibn abi - hazm al - qarshi al - dimashqi , known as ibn al - nafis ( 1210 - 1288 ad ) , was a muslim syrian physician primarily famous for being the first to describe the pulmonary circulation of the blood .
the most voluminous of his books is alshamel fi sanaat tebbia... | Background:
Methods:
Results:
Conclusion: |
though both minor and major spontaneous or post - operative bleeding is the most common presentation of this rare disorder , there are several case reports of thrombotic complications also .
there are few reports of myocardial infarction ( mi ) in the literature in patients of afibrinogenemia .
a 33-year - old man , wh... | afibrinogenemia is a rare autosomal recessive bleeding disorder with an estimated prevalence of 1:1,000,000 .
usual presentation of this disorder is spontaneous bleeding , bleeding after minor trauma and excessive bleeding during interventional procedures .
paradoxically , few patients with afibrinogenemia may als... | INTRODUCTION
CASE REPORT
DISCUSSION |
mesenteric pseudocyst is a term used to describe abdominal cystic mass without the origin of abdominal organ.(1 ) this has been classified according to embryologic , ehiologic , histologic , and ther data , causing considerable confusion .
it was considered the term mesenteric cyst as merely descriptive , and apply a h... | mesenteric pseudocyst is rare .
this term is used to describe the abdominal cystic mass , without the origin of abdominal organ .
we presented a case of mesenteric pseudocyst of the small bowel in a 70-year - old man .
esophago - gastro - duodenoscopy showed a 3.5 cm sized excavated lesion on the posterior wall ... | Introduction
Case Report
Discussion |
compromised renal functions and previous central nervous system ( cns ) disease have been shown to predispose to this neurotoxicity .
we describe a case of acute transient encephalopathy in a patient treated with ceftriaxonefor enteric fever infection .
the present case illustrates the diagnostic challenges and managem... | ceftriaxone is a commonly used , third - generation cephalosporin .
encephalopathy is a rare side effect of third- and fourth - generation cephalosporins .
renal failure and previous disease of the central nervous system predispose to this neurotoxicity .
we describe a case of acute transient encephalopathy in a... | Introduction
Case Report
Discussion
Conclusion |
the fully differentiated cells of the rat mammary parenchyma , the ductal epithelial , alveolar , and myoepithelial cells , are distinguished by their ultrastructure and by their accumulation of immunocytochemically detectable marker proteins .
the different cell types probably develop from primative ductal structur... | Images | |
in exposure or risk assessments , both environmental and biological measurements are often used .
environmental measurements are an excellent means for evaluating regulatory compliance , but the models used to estimate body burden from these measurements are complex .
unless all possible routes of exposure ( i.e. ... | Images | |
anti--tubulin mouse monoclonal antibody ( sigma - aldrich corp ) , anti - arf6 mouse monoclonal antibody ( santa cruz biotechnology , inc ) , anti - rab11 rabbit polyclonal antibody , anti - tfr mouse monoclonal antibody ( invitrogen corp ) , anti - eea-1 mouse monoclonal antibody and anti - gm130 mouse monoclonal anti... | recycling endosomes are key platforms for endocytic recycling that return internalized molecules back to the plasma membrane . to determine how recycling endosomes perform their functions , searching for proteins and lipids that specifically localized at recycling endosomes
has often been performed by colocalization... | Materials and Methods
Antibodies
Cell culture, immunoblotting and immunofluorescence analyses
Supplementary Material |
bspp : bisulfite padlock probe ; charm : comprehensive high - throughput arrays for relative methylation ; cimp : cpg island methylator phenotype ; esc : embryonic stem cell ; fda : food and drug administration ; help : hpaii tiny fragment enrichment by ligation - mediated pcr ; mca : methylated cpg island amplificatio... | dna methylation of promoter cpg islands is strongly associated with gene silencing and is known as a frequent cause of loss of expression of tumor suppressor genes , as well as other genes involved in tumor formation .
dna methylation of driver genes is very likely outnumbered by the number of methylated passenger g... | Abbreviations
Competing interests
Authors' contributions
Acknowledgements |
as a service to our authors and readers , this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors .
such materials are peer reviewed and may be reorganized for online delivery , but are not copyedited or typeset .
technical support issues arising from supporting information ( other than missing files ) sho... | abstractmacrocyclization can be used to constrain peptides in their bioactive conformations , thereby supporting target affinity and bioactivity . in particular , for the targeting of challenging protein
protein interactions , macrocyclic peptides have proven to be very useful .
available approaches focus on the ... | Supporting information |
in 2009 , a 52-year - old woman presented with a single lesion on her nose , which started as a papule , referred to sedighe tahereh clinic , isfahan , iran . the lesion had existed for a period of 14 months and was slowly increasing in size , enlarging to a plaque .
the diagnosis of leishmaniasis was confirmed with a ... | leishmaniasis is a protozoan infection due to organisms of the genus leishmania .
the differential diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis includes arthropod bites , basal cell carcinoma ( bcc ) and other malignancies .
bcc is the most common form of skin cancer .
we present a case of cutaneous leishmaniasis resist... | Case Report
Discussion
Authors Contributions |
we attempted to estimate the perceived degree of urgency of the visit and to identify reasons for seeking non - urgent care in the ped by patients and parents .
a prospective survey was completed by parents ( for children 17 and younger ) and patients ( 18 - 21 ) presenting to a suburban academic ped that sees approxim... | objectives : pediatric emergency department ( ped ) patients often present with non - urgent complaints .
we attempted to estimate the perceived degree of urgency of the visit and to identify reasons for seeking non - urgent care in the ped by patients and parents.methods:a prospective survey was completed by parent... | Objectives:
Methods:
Results:
Conclusions: |
fluoro refers to
both fluorescent and fluorinated
compounds . despite the shared prefix , there are very few fluorescent
molecules that are soluble in perfluorinated solvents .
this paucity is surprising , given that optical microscopy is a ubiquitous
technique throughout the physical sciences and the or... | Supplementary Material | |
we developed a sensitive and accurate analytical method for quantifying methyleugenol ( me ) in human serum .
our method uses a simple solid - phase extraction followed by a highly specific analysis using isotope dilution gas chromatography - high resolution mass spectrometry .
our method is very accurate ; its li... | Images | |
a mild
catalytic asymmetric direct fluoro - arylation of styrenes
has been developed .
the palladium - catalyzed three - component coupling
of selectfluor , a styrene and a boronic acid , provides chiral monofluorinated
compounds in good yield and in high enantiomeric excess .
a mechanism
proceeding thro... | Supplementary Material | |
to identify the possible barriers to the implementation of pharmaceutical care among community and hospital pharmacists in enugu state using nsukka and enugu metropolis as a case study .
the questionnaires were distributed to community and hospital pharmacists from designated areas during one of their quarterly meeting... | objective : to identify the possible barriers to the implementation of pharmaceutical care among community and hospital pharmacists in enugu state using nsukka and enugu metropolis as a case study.method:a semi structured questionnaire was designed to carry out a cross sectional descriptive study .
the questionnaire... | Objective:
Method:
Results:
Conclusion: |
in the previous issue of critical care , chase and coworkers reported on their implementation into clinical practice and evaluation of the specialized relative insulin nutrition table ( sprint ) .
this is an improved protocol in the form of a wheel - based system to control blood glucose levels and nutritional intake... | the report by chase and coworkers in the previous issue of critical care describes the implementation into clinical practice of the specialized relative insulin nutrition table ( sprint ) for tight glycaemic control in critically ill patients .
sprint is a simple , wheel - based system that modulates both insulin ra... | None
Abbreviations
Competing interests |
techniques for isolation and culture of fetal type ii alveolar epithelial cells , as well as the morphologic and biochemical characteristics of these histotypic cultures , are described .
type ii alveolar epithelial cells can be isolated from fetal rat lungs and grown in an organotypic culture system as described in... | Images | |
defining alterations in signalling pathways in normal and malignant cells is becoming a major field in proteomics .
a number of different approaches have been established to isolate , identify and quantify phosphorylated proteins and peptides . in the current report ,
a comparison between scx prefractionation vers... | Supplementary Material | |
spondylolisthesis is defined as an anterior migration of a vertebral body in relation to the vertebra located immediately caudal . in 1930
junghanns was the first to describe anterior translation of a lumbar vertebra without any defect in the neural arch following this the term degenerative spondylolisthesis ( ds ) w... | introduction : degenerative spondylolisthesis ( ds ) is usually seen at l4-l5 level and less frequently at l5-s1 level .
this is a rare case report of spondylolisthesis of s1 over s2 with lumbarization of s1 .
lumbarization of s1 is seen in just 1 - 2% of the population and to have spondylolisthesis in this segmen... | Introduction
Case report
None
Operative procedure
Results
Discussion
Conclusion |
ductal adenocarcinoma of the prostate was first reported by melicow and pachter in 1967 as an endometrial carcinoma prostatic utricle . since then
, ductal adenocarcinoma of the prostate has been found to account for 0.27.5% of all prostate carcinomas .
a 73-year - old man was referred to our hospital due to an eleva... | ductal adenocarcinoma is an unusual variant of adenocarcinoma of the prostate .
a 73-year - old male was referred to our hospital for the further examination of an elevated prostate - specific antigen level of 23.4 ng / ml .
radical prostatectomy ( rp ) was performed based on the diagnosis obtained by a prostate n... | Introduction
Case Presentation
Operative Procedure and Pathological Findings
Postoperative Course
Discussion
Statement of Ethics
Disclosure Statement |
a male neonate born to g2 p1l1 mother at term by spontaneous vaginal delivery to iii degree consanguineous marriage was found to have proximal shortening of both upper and lower limbs [ figure 1 ] .
the antenatal period was uneventful and antenatal ultrasound was reportedly not done during pregnancy and the mother was ... | a male neonate was born with rhizomelic shortening of limbs .
skeletal radiograph showed punctate calcification of epiphysis of humerus , femur , and tibia . the diagnosis and a brief review of literature pertaining to the condition with emphasis on antenatal diagnosis and counseling
are being reported . | Introduction |
when the gallbladder is not visualized in its normal location , the possibility of its ectopic location should be considered . a case of incidentally detected anomalous position of gall bladder causing confounding problem in interpretation of pet - ct is described .
a 70-year - old man , with h / o chronic liver diseas... | the purpose of this study was to appraise the imageologists of a possible mislocalization of tracer accumulation to anomalously placed gallbladder during positron emission tomography - computed tomography ( pet / ct ) examination .
pet / ct is increasingly playing an important role in staging and restaging of the di... | INTRODUCTION
CASE REPORT
DISCUSSION
CONCLUSION |
this work was supported , in whole or in part , by the one hundred person project of sun yat - sen university ( xz ) , national natural science foundation 81302262 ( xz ) , the basser research center for brca ( lz ) , the national institutes of health r01ca142776 , r01ca190415 , p50ca083638 ( lz ) , the ovarian cancer ... | long non - coding rnas ( lncrnas ) are defined as rna transcripts larger than 200 nucleotides that do not appear to have protein - coding potential .
accumulating evidence indicates that lncrnas are involved in tumorigenesis .
our work reveals that lncrna fal1 ( focally amplified lncrna on chromosome 1 ) is freque... | Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest
Acknowledgments
Funding |
additional supporting information may be found in the online version of this article at the publisher 's web site . | this report describes that a regular positive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry ( ms ) analysis of terpendoles often causes unexpected oxygen additions to form [ m + h + o]+ and [ m + h + 2o]+ , which might be a troublesome in the characterization of new natural analogues .
the intensities of [ m + h + o]+ a... | Supporting information |
the epidermal growth factor receptor ( egfr ) is over expressed in various solid malignancies including non small cell lung cancer ( nsclc ) .
however , they are associated with a dermatologic side effects , which can occasionally be responsible for discontinuation of the egfr inhibitors .
hence , we report a case of m... | we report a case of gefitinib - induced skin ulceration in a 50-year - old female with metastatic adenocarcinoma of lung who developed this adverse effect 2 weeks following initiation of gefitinib at a dose of 250 mg / day . the ulcer improved with stopping gefitinib for 2 weeks and also addition of topical steroids a... | INTRODUCTION
CASE REPORT
DISCUSSION |
frontometaphyseal dysplasia ( fmd ) , also called gorlin cohen syndrome , is a hereditary x - linked dominant syndrome described in 1969 with less than 30 cases described in the literature .
this case report of a child with fmd is presented owing to the rarity of the syndrome and the anticipated difficult airway , whic... | frontometaphyseal dysplasia ( fmd ) , also called gorlin - cohen syndrome , is a rare hereditary x - linked dominant craniotubular bone disorder .
the presentation describes the airway management of a 2-year - old child suffering from fmd with significant retrognathia , posted for major long bone corrective osteotom... | Introduction
Case Report
Discussion |
for a prospective study of lead exposure and early development , we recruited pregnant women from a lead smelter town and from an unexposed town in yugoslavia and followed their children through 7 years of age . in this paper
we consider associations between lifetime lead exposure , estimated by the area under the b... | Images | |
non - hodgkin lymphomas ( nhls ) account for approximately 60% of all lymphomas in children and adolescents .
childhood nhls are subdivided into burkitt 's lymphoma , diffuse large b - cell lymphoma ( dlbcl ) , lymphoblastic lymphoma , and anaplastic large - cell lymphoma .
dlbcl is characterized by relatively more fre... | extra nodal presentation of non hodgkins lymphoma ( nhl ) is a rare entity , and data available about the nhl that primarily involves of middle ear and mastoid is limited .
we report a case of diffuse large b cell lymphoma ( dlbcl ) , in a 2 year 8 month old boy , who developed otalgia and facial palsy . computed to... | Introduction
Case Report
Discussion
Financial support and sponsorship
Conflicts of interest |
acute pancreatitis due to antipsychotic treatment is rare but sometimes causes a fatal adverse effect .
some atypical antipsychotic agents , including clozapine , olanzapine , quetiapine , and risperidone , are associated with acute pancreatitis.1,2 ) among them , acute pancreatitis caused by risperidone is the rarest.... | acute pancreatitis with antipsychotic treatment is rare but sometimes causes a fatal adverse effect .
most cases of acute pancreatitis due to atypical antipsychotic agents are reported to occur within six months of starting antipsychotic administration .
acute pancreatitis caused by risperidone is rare .
the pat... | INTRODUCTION
CASE
DISCUSSION |
an atlanto - axial synovial cyst is very rare . since the first report of this lesion by onofrio and mih1 ) in 1988 , to our knowledge
. however , the current report described a patient with a large hemorrhagic cystic mass which was seen around prevertebral space of the atlantoaxial joint on the left side and the obstr... | synovial cyst on prevertebral space of c1 - 2 joint is rare but may be associated hemorrhagic event .
we describe a case of a 72-year - old woman who presented with sudden severe headache in her left occipital area with dyspnea .
she had rheumatoid arthritis for 14-years .
large hemorrhagic cystic mass was seen ... | INTRODUCTION
CASE REPORT
DISCUSSION
CONCLUSION |
we compared bona - fide human induced pluripotent stem cells ( ipsc ) derived from umbilical cord blood ( cb ) and neonatal keratinocytes ( k ) . as a consequence of both incomplete erasure of tissue - specific methylation and aberrant de novo methylation , cb - ipsc and k - ipsc are distinct in genome - wide dna meth... | Supplementary Material | |
to investigate the anti - ulcerogenic properties of the chloroform extract of flemingia strobilifera root in rats .
other anti - ulcer related activities of the extract such as the effects on free radicals and antimicrobial activity were also evaluated .
chloroform extract of flemingia strobilifera root was found to be... | purpose : to investigate the anti - ulcerogenic properties of the chloroform extract of flemingia strobilifera root in rats.methods:anti-ulcer effect was evaluated by water immersion induced ulcer in rats .
other anti - ulcer related activities of the extract such as the effects on free radicals and antimicrobial ac... | PURPOSE:
METHODS:
RESULTS:
CONCLUSION: |
ocular cysticercosis is caused by the growth of the larval form of taenia solium within ocular tissues.1,2 the cysts may be located in descending order of frequency in the subretinal space ( 35% ) , vitreous ( 22% ) , conjunctiva ( 22% ) , anterior segment ( 5% ) and orbit ( 1%).3 intraocular cysticercosis usually pres... | a 31-year - old man of asian descent presented with loss of vision in his right eye from 6 months earlier .
best corrected visual acuity ( bcva ) was limited to light perception in the right eye and was 6/6 , n6 in the left one . slit lamp examination revealed normal anterior segments bilaterally .
intraocular pre... | DISCUSSION |
epidemiologic studies of the link between particulate matter ( pm ) concentrations and mortality rates have yielded a range of estimates , leading to disagreement about the magnitude of the relationship and the strength of the causal connection .
previous meta - analyses of this literature have provided pooled effec... | Images | |
he had suffered from intermittent headache for 2 months and had taken benzodiazepines and analgesics under the diagnosis of somatoform disorder at a local clinic .
he had a 5-day history of diplopia and a 3-day history of blurred vision that progressed to blindness during the preceding 24 hours . on admission
his blood... | ocular complications of hiv - related cryptococcal meningitis are reasonably common , but complete binocular blindness as the first manifestation of hiv is extremely rare . a 58-year - old man presented with binocular blindness .
he experienced blurred vision for 3 days before the blindness .
mild pleocytosis was ... | CASE REPORT
DISCUSSION |
the russian nickel refineries located in the cities of nikel and zapolyarny close to the norwegian border are responsible for extensive sulfur dioxide and nickel pollution , as well as severe ecological damage in both countries .
the aim of our study was to investigate human nickel exposure in the populations living... | Images | |
methods and any associated references are available in the online version of the paper at http://www.nature.com / naturemethods/.
difference in optimal collision energies for identification and quantification supplementary note real - time filtering supplementary table 1 summary of quantification and identification res... | we describe a mass spectrometry method , quantmode , which improves the accuracy of isobaric tag based quantification by alleviating the pervasive problem of precursor interference
co - isolation of impurities through gas - phase purification .
quantmode analysis of a yeast sample
contaminated with interferi... | METHODS
Supplementary Material |
the majority of swallowed indigestible foreign bodies pass through the gastrointestinal tract without complications [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ] . however , there are three physiological narrowings involving the pylorus , duodenal c - loop and ileocecal valve . foreign bodies
longer than 10 cm , such as a toothbrush , can not neg... | most ingested foreign bodies will pass uneventfully through the gastrointestinal tract . nevertheless , long and rigid foreign bodies are associated with an increased risk of gastrointestinal impaction , perforation and bleeding . moreover , there has been no case of spontaneous passage of a toothbrush reported .
th... | Introduction
Case Report
Discussion
Conclusion
Disclosure Statement |
a 55-year - old man presented at our emergency department with sudden - onset sharp chest pain that had started two hours previously .
he also complained of progressive swelling and bruising on his neck , and the development of dysphagia and dyspnea over the previous two hours .
he had a history of admission with spont... | hematemesis is a rare manifestation of a ruptured bronchial artery aneurysm ( baa ) in the mediastinum .
it is difficult to diagnose a ruptured baa presenting as hematemesis , because it can be confused with other diseases , such as boerhaave s syndrome , variceal disease , or a perforated ulcer . in this report
,... | CASE REPORT
DISCUSSION |
in the previous issue of critical care , kmpers and colleagues demonstrated a direct correlation between increased peripheral blood levels of the vascular growth factor , angiopoietin ( angpt)-2 , and mortality in 43 critically ill adults with sepsis .
endothelial injury is one of the main hallmarks of sepsis , leadi... | the early recognition and management of sepsis remain the greatest challenges in the field of critical care medicine .
endothelial injury is one of the hallmarks of sepsis , leading to capillary leak , microcirculatory dysfunction , organ failure , and eventual death in many critically ill patients .
the angiogeni... | None
Abbreviations
Competing interests
Acknowledgements |
plx4032 was synthesized using the general procedures previously described.6 expression and purification of b - raf , structure determination , protein kinase activity measurements , and xenograft studies were carried out as previously described.6 clinical methods have also been recently described.5 melanoma patients we... | b - raf is the most frequently mutated protein kinase in human cancers.1 the finding that oncogenic mutations in braf are common in melanoma2 followed by the demonstration that these tumors are dependent on the raf / mek / erk pathway3 offered hope that inhibition of b - raf kinase activity could benefit melanoma pati... | METHODS SUMMARY
Supplementary Material |
few similar cases are reported in literature but none of them is associated with mirizzi syndrome .
radiological images could help the surgeon to choose the surgical strategy and to evaluate the presence of associated diseases . in our case
laparoscopic surgery showed to be an excellent approach for both the cholecyste... | a gallbladder incarcerated hernia associated with mirizzi syndrome is a very rare entity and to our knowledge this is the first case ever described in literature . an 85-year - old man presented at the emergency department with a tender right upper quadrant mass .
computed tomography ( ct ) revealed the presence of ... | INTRODUCTION
CASE PRESENTATION
DISCUSSION |
multistep skin carcinogenesis assays were performed with mice with keratinocyte - specific deletion of the cnb1 gene ( cnb1xk5-crepr1)3 in parallel with cre - negative controls ( cnb1 ) .
detailed conditions for these assays as well as chromatin immunoprecipitation , immunoblotting , immunofluorescence , senescence -ga... | calcineurin inhibitors such as cyclosporin a ( csa ) are the mainstay of immunosuppressive treatment for organ transplant recipients .
squamous cell carcinoma ( scc ) of the skin is a major complication of treatment with these drugs , with a 65100 fold higher risk than in the normal population1 .
by contrast , the... | Methods summary
Supplementary Material |
placental polyp is a somewhat pedunculated remnant of chorionic tissue retained in the uterine cavity for an indefinite time .
it may result in abnormal uterine bleeding and slightly elevated detectable titers of serum -human chorionic gonadotropin ( hcg ) .
these pedunculated masses of villi are often found within day... | placental polyp is retained placental tissue within the endometrial cavity , which forms a nidus for inflammation and bleeding .
there are very few reported cases of the clinical placental polyp . here
, we report a case of 34-year - old g4l3ab1 woman with the chief complaint of intermittent vaginal bleeding since... | INTRODUCTION
CASE REPORT
DISCUSSION
AUTHORS CONTRIBUTIONS |
many organs can be herniated into the scrotum such as small intestine , appendix , colon , and ovaries .
ureteral herniation is extremely rare , usually asymptomatic and is reported as isolated case report or small series .
we report the case of an 88-year - old man treated for inguinoscrotal hernia where the left uret... | an inguinoscrotal hernia is a common disorder that usually contains intraperitoneal organs ( small intestine , colon , appendix , ovaries ) .
extraperitoneal ureteral herniation into an inguinoscrotal hernia is a rare condition and often associated with congenital abnormalities or postoperative anatomic changes .
... | INTRODUCTION
CASE REPORT
DISCUSSION
CONCLUSION
Financial support and sponsorship
Conflict of interest |
in the closed structure of the p2x cation channel , three -helical transmembrane domains cross the membrane obliquely : in rat p2x2 receptors , these intersect at thr339 . replacing thr339 by lysine in one , two or three subunits progressively increased chloride permeability and reduced unitary conductance .
this im... | Supplementary Material | |
primary neuroendocrine carcinoma ( nec ) of the breast is a rare distinct clinicopathological entity , comprising 0.5 - 2% of breast carcinomas world - wide . in 2003 ,
primary nec of the breast was identified as a distinct entity by the world health organization ( who ) classification of tumors .
the who classificatio... | cases of primary neuroendocrine carcinoma ( nec ) of the breast have been reported , though rare .
we report the case of a 45-year - old woman presented with jaundice and evaluated to have liver metastasis from neuroendocrine origin .
she underwent whole body positron emission tomography / computed tomography , wh... | INTRODUCTION
CASE REPORT
DISCUSSION |
thermal spring 's microbiomes have been in attention of the scientific community since past few decades .
these springs , being hub of diverse microflora , increase the probability of vast gene pool of uncultured microbiota .
metagenomics have helped the microbiologist to reveal the genome of the rest of the 99% of non... | insights about the distribution of the microbial community prove to be the major goal of understanding microbial ecology which remains to be fully deciphered .
hot springs being hub for the thermophilic microbiota attract the attention of the microbiologists .
deulajhari hot spring cluster is located in the angul ... | Direct link to deposited data
Experimental design, materials and methods |
the author has not received any funding or benefits from industry or elsewhere to conduct this study . | there remain tremendous opportunities to improve the stability and safety of american health care . within this context ,
residents and residency programs face two essential questions : how to reduce the risk to patients resulting from resident inexperience , and how to change our programs to create the safer physic... | Conflict of interest and funding |
hemifacial spasm is a disorder of the seventh cranial nerve , and is characterized by irregular , involuntary and recurrent tonic and clonic contractions of the ipsilateral facial expression muscles .
each spontaneous motor paroxysm starts with eye twitching and progresses to involve the other muscles innervated by the... | hemifacial spasm is a disorder of the seventh cranial nerve , which is characterized by irregular , involuntary and recurrent tonic and clonic contractions of the ipsilateral facial expression muscles .
this disorder affects mainly adults , and there are few cases reported in childhood .
the main etiologies are va... | Introduction
Case Report
Discussion |
the common occurrence of these tumors is prevalent among males in their second or third decades of life with site predilection toward trunk and extremities , especially in the forearm .
however , the incidence of al is extremely rare in the intraoral region , with only 21 reported cases in english literature .
a 90-yea... | we present an extremely rare case of noninfiltrating angiolipoma ( al ) of the buccal mucosa in a 90-year - old patient reaching a size of 14 cm 10 cm .
al is rare in the soft tissues of oral cavity , and till date , only 22 cases have been reported , including our case .
if size be taken into consideration , our... | INTRODUCTION
CASE REPORT
DISCUSSION
Financial support and sponsorship
Conflicts of interest |
oral angiokeratomas are most commonly found as a component of the generalized systemic disorder in fabry 's disease or fucosidosis , where multiple angiokeratomas can be found on the skin and the oral mucosa .
we report a rare case of a patient with multiple oral and scrotal angiokeratomas in the absence of a systemic ... | we report a 60-year - old man who presented with a 2-year history of painless red raised lesions involving the tongue and scrotum .
histopathology was suggestive of angiokeratoma .
oral angiokeratomas are most commonly found as a component of the generalized systemic disorder in fabry 's disease or fucosidosis .
... | Introduction
Case Report
Discussion |
the collected comments and pathologic diagnoses of several pathologists are summarized for 18 cases in which lesions were induced in the upper respiratory tract of rats and mice .
specific neoplastic and nonneoplastic lesions of the nose and trachea are described and discussed , and opinions regarding pathogenesis a... | Images | |
subdural spinal hematoma is an extremely rare complication of spinal and epidural anesthesia and may lead to cauda equina syndrome , bowel bladder dysfunction or even complete permanent paraplegia .
a 60-year - old female patient was diagnosed to have osteoarthritis of right knee joint and was advised knee arthroplasty... | combined spinal - epidural anesthesia ( cse ) is considered safe in lower limb surgeries .
we report a case of sudden neurological deterioration in a stable postoperative patient who was given cse for total knee replacement and low molecular weight heparin in postoperative period . on the 4th postoperative day
, s... | Introduction
Case Report
Discussion |
the centers for disease control and prevention report that autism spectrum disorder ( asd ) now affects 1 in 88 children in the usa and 1 in 47 in utah .
asd is 5 times more likely in boys with 1 in 54 boys identified nationally .
more children will be diagnosed with asd this year than with aids , diabetes , and cancer... | focus area : pediatricsintroduction : the centers for disease control and prevention report that autism spectrum disorder ( asd ) now affects 1 in 88 children in the usa and 1 in 47 in utah .
asd is 5 times more likely in boys with 1 in 54 boys identified nationally .
more children will be diagnosed with asd this ... | Introduction:
Objectives:
Methods or target groups:
Results or activities:
Conclusion or deliverables: |
successful laparoscopic treatment has been described previously in only a few cases . rarely the diagnosis is suspected preoperatively when using only ultrasound .
other diagnostic tests like magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography ( mrcp ) , endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography ( ercp ) and intraoperativ... | double gallbladder is a rare finding in patients with symptomatic cholelithiasis or acute cholecystitis .
the incidence has been described as 1 in every 4000 - 5000 patients during autopsy . to identify the gallbladder ( gb ) duplication prior to surgical removal of the gb
is of upmost importance .
it is not unu... | INTRODUCTION
CASE REPORT
DISCUSSION |
in the present issue of critical care , linder and colleagues present a new study in which they assess the clinical importance of serial measurements of heparin - binding protein ( hbp ) plasma levels in critically ill septic and nonseptic patients .
they found that hbp plasma levels are significantly higher in patient... | heparin - binding protein ( hbp ) , also known as azurocidin , has multiple functions in the inflammatory process , especially during severe infections . beside its antimicrobial properties
, hbp may induce vascular leakage leading to extravascular efflux , which is an important pathophysiologic event in the develop... | None
Abbreviations
Competing interests
Acknowledgements |
adrenal myelolipoma is a tumor - like lesion composed of variable amounts of mature adipose tissue and bone marrow elements . in spite of wbc and rbc precursors such as megakaryocytes
giercke in 1905 first described and 24 years later , oberling coined the term myelolipoma.
only two cases under the age of 16 are repor... | myelolipoma is a rare benign tumor of adrenal gland and rarer in children .
myelolipoma contains adipose tissue and myeloid precursor producing white blood cells ( wbc ) , red blood cells ( rbc ) and megakaryocytes .
asymptomatic tumor does not require treatment whereas symptomatic tumor needs operation .
we are... | INTRODUCTION
CASE REPORT
DISCUSSION
CONCLUSION |
we did a single - center retrospective analysis of seven patients with pelvic abscess treated by eus transrectal drainage between january 2010 and august 2014 .
there were four men and three women , with a median age of 50 years ( range 22 - 68 ) .
a concomitant intravenous antibiotic treatment was always administered ... | background and objective : pelvic abscesses are a well - known complication of intestinal diseases or abdominal surgery . we report our case series concerning transrectal drainage by endoscopic ultrasound ( eus).methods : between january 2010 and august 2014 , seven patients received transrectal drainage by endoscopic... | INTRODUCTION
MATERIALS AND METHODS
RESULTS
DISCUSSION
CONCLUSION |
lymphangioma circumscriptum ( lc ) or microcystic lymphatic malformation is a hamartomatous malformation of the lymphatic channels of the skin .
treatment of lc is difficult because of the persistent nature of the disease due to deeper subcutaneous cisternal connections .
we report here a case of lc treated effectively... | lymphangioma circumscriptum ( lc ) , a hamartomatous lymphatic malformation , is a therapeutic challenge for the dermatologist .
various modalities like surgical excision , lasers , and sclerotherapy have been used in the past to treat this notorious skin condition .
we report the efficacy of a radiofrequency abla... | Introduction
Case Report
Discussion |
a patient was immediately referred to our department after epidural endoscopy with severe bilateral visual impairment and underwent complete ophthalmologic examination .
a 45-year old man suffered from low back pain unresponsive to pharmacologic treatment , radiating to the left hip and left lower extremity , due to a ... | purposeto report a case of acute visual loss after endoscopic spinal surgery.methodsa patient was immediately referred to our department after epidural endoscopy with severe bilateral visual impairment and underwent complete ophthalmologic examination.resultsvisual acuity was decreased in both eyes .
fundus examinat... | Purpose
Methods
Results
Conclusion
Case report
Discussion |
spinal epidural hemangiomas have been reported in the literature , but most of them were cavernous type hemangiomas that enable a preoperative differential diagnosis with relative ease .
the limited number of spinal epidural hemangiomas and few radiological findings make an exact diagnosis difficult prior to surgery .
... | a spinal epidural hemangioma is rare . in this case ,
a 51 year - old female patient had low back pain and right thigh numbness .
she was initially misdiagnosed as having a ruptured disc with possible sequestration of granulation tissue formation due to the limited number of spinal epidural hemangiomas and little ... | INTRODUCTION
CASE REPORT
DISCUSSION
CONCLUSION |
the application of a 32p - postlabeling assay for 7-methylguanines in dna was studied either by labeling the imidazole ring - opened dinucleotide derivatives or by using strong - anion - exchange column chromatography for the adduct enrichment from normal nucleotides .
data showed that 7-methylguanines can be effici... | Images | |
written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this case report and accompanying images .
a copy of the written consent is available for review by the editor - in - chief of this journal on request .
lumbar hernias are rare and good history and general physical examination can rule out most o... | lumbar hernias are uncommon and about 300 cases have been reported till date . they commonly occur due to trauma , surgery and infection . they are increasingly being reported after motor vehicle collision injuries . however , spontaneous lumbar hernias are rare and are reported infrequently .
it is treated with dif... | Conflict of interest
Funding
Ethical approval
Author contributions
Key learning points |
asbestos and silica are well - known fibrogenic dusts . however , there is no comprehensive understanding of the molecular and cellular events that lead to fibrosis as a consequence of asbestos or silica inhalation .
previous studies have shown that asbestos stimulates superoxide anion production in alveolar macroph... | Images | |
the purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of fixed dose combination ( fdc ) of olanzapine 5 mg and fluoxetine 20 mg in indian patients with severe or treatment resistant depression .
this was an open , non - comparative study of seven weeks duration with an initial placebo run in period of on... | objective : the purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of fixed dose combination ( fdc ) of olanzapine 5 mg and fluoxetine 20 mg in indian patients with severe or treatment resistant depression.design : this was an open , non - comparative study of seven weeks duration with an initial placebo... | Objective :
Design :
Method :
Results :
Conclusion : |
concentrations of ambient pm2.5 ( particulate matter < 2.5 microm in aerodynamic diameter ) were associated with increased mortality in two prospective cohort studies . in this paper ,
i assess whether the weight of the evidence supports a causal association .
i assumed the study population in each city to have th... | Images | |
beryllium was released into the air from routine operations and three accidental fires at the rocky flats plant ( rfp ) in colorado from 1958 to 1989 .
we evaluated environmental monitoring data and developed estimates of airborne concentrations and their uncertainties and calculated lifetime cancer risks and risks ... | Images | |
as a scientist , administrator , and diplomat , david p. rall pioneered the effort to identify and understand the elements that make up the human environment and their consequences for human health .
as an intellectual and aggressive activist , he educated scientists , governments , and the world community to the cr... | Images | |
in order to select dna fragments of interest to be purified , these should be resolved in agarose or acrylamide gels gel stained with ethidium bromide by electrophoresis using 0.5x tbe buffer ( tris borate , edta ) at 120 volts for 1 hour . for this , ~ 700 ng of plasmid pproex - gdmre11s ( 6000-bp ) previously digeste... | purified dna fragments are used for different purposes in molecular biology and they can be prepared by several procedures . most of them require a previous electrophoresis of the dna fragments in order to separate the band of interest .
then , this band is excised out from an agarose or acrylamide gel and purified ... | Protocol
Discussion
Disclosures |
a 70 year old woman first visited our clinic for right hand bradykinesia and gait disturbance unresponsive to levodopa treatment . at age 67 , she started to feel clumsiness in her right hand and to walk with very short stride and festination .
her gait disturbance rapidly worsened until she was unable to walk without ... | parkinson s disease is a principal underlying disease of neuroleptic malignant syndrome ( nms ) occurring in parkinsonian disorders , but nms may occur in patients with progressive supranuclear palsy and multiple system atrophy .
we report first patient with corticobasal degeneration ( cbd ) who developed nms after ... | Case
Discussion |
kawasaki disease ( kd ) is an acute systemic vasculitis of unknown cause that occurs primarily in children and rarely in adults . in the absence of specific laboratory tests ,
we report an unusual case of an elderly man with several unique features of incomplete kd .
a 75-year - old white man was admitted to our hospit... | kawasaki disease ( kd ) is a systemic vasculitis of unknown etiology , affecting predominantly young children . here
, we describe an unusual case of a 75-year - old man with several unique features of incomplete kd .
healthcare professionals should therefore be aware of the importance of considering kd at any age... | Introduction
Case Presentation
Discussion
Disclosure Statement |
estimates were made of the proportion of chemicals that were carcinogenic , anticarcinogenic , or either in 397 long - term bioassays conducted by the national toxicology program ( ntp ) .
the estimates were obtained from the global pattern of p - values obtained from statistical tests applied to individual experime... | Images | |
maintaining the microsurgical field , free from flooding with irrigation fluid , is important to get good vessel approximation in microsurgery .
the commonly followed practice is to keep dry gauze at the periphery of the field so as to siphon off the excessive fluid .
a certain amount of the irrigation fluid still rema... | during microvascular anastomosis , it is important to maintain the microsurgical field irrigated yet dry so as to achieve a good view of the vessels for approximation . in this method ,
an infant feeding tube ( size 4 ) , with its tip sandwiched between layers of dry gauze and a surgical glove component placed in th... | INTRODUCTION
Technique |
kerosene is refined oil belonging to the hydrocarbon group of compounds , obtained from crude petroleum .
poisoning is due to inhalation of fumes or ingestion of small amounts accidentally ( children ) or most of the cases reported in the literature were self - inflicted with the intention of committing suicide which c... | kerosene is refined oil belonging to the hydrocarbon group of compounds , available for domestic use in developing countries .
poisoning is due to inhalation , ingestion . kerosene .
we report a rare case of attempted suicide by means of intravenous injection of kerosene .
it has a devastating effect and it is i... | INTRODUCTION
CASE REPORT
DISCUSSION
CONCLUSION |
a 16-year - old boy visited to our neurology clinic with a 12-month history of a clicking noise in the both ears and palatal discomfort .
the clicking resembled the sound of snapping fingernails and was externally audible at a distance of 50 cm .
he denied any voluntary control over this movement as well as any sensati... | essential palatal tremor ( ept ) is a rare disorder which shows rhythmic involuntary movement of the muscles of soft palate , especially tensor veli palatini muscle .
ept is classified by two subtypes , which is primary and secondary ept .
secondary ept includes psychogenic type .
we describe a case of intractab... | Case
Discussion
Legend to the Video |
the list is based on the data available at genomenet web site http://www.genome.jp/. click here for additional data file . | carbonic anhydrase ( ca ) ( e.c .
4.2.1.1 ) is a ubiquitous enzyme catalysing interconversion between co2 and bicarbonate .
the irregular distribution of the phylogenetically distinct classes of ca in procaryotic genome suggests its complex evolutionary history in procaryotes .
genetic evidence regarding the dis... | Supplementary Material |
the effects of inhaled zinc oxide / hexachloroethane smoke ( 11,580 mg x min / m3 ) and intratracheally instilled zinc chloride ( 2.5 mg / kg body weight ) have been studied in rat lung .
the effects of subsequent treatment with 70% oxygen have been studied after both procedures .
both the inhalation of the smoke ... | Images | |
a 54 year - old - man , presented with multiple , small , well- defined , gray - brown , papules and small papillomatous patches located on his penis , which had appeared over the last year ( figure 1 ) .
genital warts , lichen planus , a verrucous nevus and bp were suspected among our clinical diagnosis .
the dermosco... | bowenoid papulosis ( bp ) corresponds to an in situ squamous cell carcinoma ( scc ) located in the anogenital region .
it is related to hpv , and presents with gray - brown elevated papules or plaques .
a biopsy is needed to confirm the diagnosis ; however , dermoscopy may be useful to differentiate this disease f... | Case report
Case 1
Case 2
Discussion |
however , the style of the application may induce both allergic and photoallergic contact dermatitis from the nsaids and their ingredients .
we describe a case of allergic contact dermatitis with diffuse erythematous reaction caused by allergic sensitivity to a component , diisopropanolamine , of a compress used by the... | compresses containing a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug ( nsaid ) are commonly used in japan . however
, this treatment may induce both allergic and photoallergic contact dermatitis from the nsaids and their ingredients . here , we describe a case of allergic contact dermatitis with diffuse erythematous reaction ... | Introduction
Case Report
Discussion |
torsion of uterine adnexa is an important cause of acute abdominal pain reported in the literature.1 however , isolated torsion of fimbrial cysts has rarely been described as a cause for acute abdomen.23 we report a rare case of isolated torsion of fimbrial cysts leading to acute abdomen .
a 22-yr - old female presente... | we present a case of a 22-year - old female who presented with acute abdomen and amenorrhea .
emergency laprotomy was done with a clinical diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy .
on laprotomy , twisted fimbrial cysts were found .
thus , although fimbrial cysts are rarely twisted , they should be considered as a cause o... | Introduction
Case Report
Discussion |
gender bias in different types of congenital defects is well know . a significant bias in sex ratio has been documented for congenital heart disease with several lesions occurring more frequently in males or in females.12 this difference may be related to differences in hormonal constitution .
it has been proposed that... | a significant bias in sex ratio has been documented for several congenital cardiac malformations .
transposition of the great arteries has been associated with a such a bias but no explanation has been proposed for this bias .
we evaluated 95 isolated livebirths with transposition of the great arteries cases refer... | Introduction
Methods
Results
Discussion
Conclusion
Related link |
we thank nih national institute of neurological disorders and stroke ( ninds ) r01ns085214 and fred hutchinson cancer research center ( fhcrc ) new development grant for financial support . | abstractcross - modal plasticity is a striking adaptive feature of the brain , whereby the loss of one sensory modality induces cortical reorganization that leads to enhanced sensory performance in remaining modalities .
much is known about the macroscopic modifications in the brain that underly cross - modal plasti... | Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest
Funding |
several randomized trials have demonstrated that breast - conserving surgery followed by radiation therapy , which is called breast - conserving therapy ( bct ) , is as effective as mastectomy and should be a standard treatment for early - stage breast cancer .
recently , there has been an increase in reports of angios... | several randomized trials have shown that breast - conserving therapy ( bct ) is as effective as mastectomy and should be a standard treatment for early - stage breast cancer .
recently , there has been an increase in reports of angiosarcoma ( as ) after bct .
herein , we report a case of as which developed after ... | Introduction
Case Report
Case 1
Case 2
Discussion |
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